[HN Gopher] I made 50k calls to explore the telephone network
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       I made 50k calls to explore the telephone network
        
       Author : ValtteriL
       Score  : 276 points
       Date   : 2021-06-23 09:04 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (shufflingbytes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (shufflingbytes.com)
        
       | Hnrobert42 wrote:
       | I am pretty sure I recognize the hold music. I believe it is from
       | uberconference.com. You likely found one of their teleconference
       | lines. Each paid UC user gets their own local number. When a
       | conference is active, dialing it will connect you immediately to
       | the conference. (Of course, the host can chose to require a PIN,
       | but I never had any unknown drop ins.) It is SO much better than
       | Zoom's system.
        
       | hdmoore wrote:
       | I am the author of WarVOX (a mostly dead project these days).
       | Some useful links:
       | 
       | - WarVOX 2.0 Presentation:
       | https://speakerdeck.com/hdm/derbycon-2011-acoustic-intrusion... -
       | WarVOX Source: https://github.com/rapid7/warvox
       | 
       | The US legal restrictions on wardialing are complicated and
       | changes to the law made it difficult to continue the project.
       | 
       | For fans of ToneLoc, I implemented the data format and
       | visualization with my latest project (Rumble Network Discovery):
       | - https://www.rumble.run/blog/subnet-grid-report/
        
         | david_shaw wrote:
         | Thank you for your contributions to WarVOX, and to so many
         | other projects that advanced the security community.
         | 
         | I never would have guessed that in 2021 we'd have headlines
         | about IRC drama and wardialing! Maybe history _does_ repeat
         | itself :)
        
           | hdmoore wrote:
           | No kidding and thank you!
        
         | user3939382 wrote:
         | Wow ToneLoc... that really takes me back. It's so fascinating
         | to remember something for the first time in over 20 years.
        
       | lormayna wrote:
       | In one of my previous job, I created a fax spamming machine with
       | the same principle: a SIP trunk and an Asterisk machine that
       | bruteforce numeration blocks. After few months we collected an
       | interesting database of fax numbers
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | What were you trying to do?
        
       | andrewtbham wrote:
       | Regarding: "Maple confirmation message for Clevercrossing."
       | 
       | It sounds like they are saying "Global Crossing" which was a
       | telecom company
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Crossing
        
         | tdjsnelling wrote:
         | I'm also fairly sure it says 'mobile' not 'maple'
        
       | ubrpwnzr wrote:
       | This is wonderful, any thoughts on about doing this in another
       | country?
        
       | ipunchghosts wrote:
       | Maple confirmation message for Clever crossing
        
         | fowl2 wrote:
         | Mobile confirmation message for GlobalCrossing
        
           | scrumper wrote:
           | Yes this, it's Global Crossing which is a telecoms
           | infrastructure company operating big sea cables and the like.
        
         | choeger wrote:
         | Yeah, that's an interesting find. Some clandestine operation,
         | maybe?
        
       | waltwalther wrote:
       | Maple confirmation message for Clevercrossing sounds a lot like
       | "Mobile confirmation message for global crossing..."
        
         | freedrock87 wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Crossing
        
       | urbandw311er wrote:
       | > Maple confirmation message for Clevercrossing
       | 
       | I think this one actually says "Mobile confirmation message for
       | Global Crossing". It's a slightly nasal Brit accent so I can see
       | why it might have been a bit harder to decipher.
        
       | jcuenod wrote:
       | When 55150 are unanswered, the title begins to feel clickbaity.
        
         | balancemayvary wrote:
         | Having read the whole thing, I wholeheartedly disagree. I went
         | in expecting something vaguely phreaky, and I was not
         | disappointed.
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | Circa 1998 I dialed a random sample of toll-free numbers in the
       | US and found that 20% of them were numeric pagers. So you could
       | write a script that does something like                  ATDT
       | 1800*******PPP[victim]
       | 
       | where * are random digits. If you did it 100 times, the victim
       | would get about 20 calls from very confused big shots who had no
       | idea who was calling them. You could make 5000 of those calls a
       | day so it would be quite a hassle.
        
         | withinboredom wrote:
         | This reminds me of listing a free TV on Craigslist and using a
         | "victims" phone number.
        
       | mikeodds wrote:
       | I would like to know more about the zombie apocalypse number
        
         | fogihujy wrote:
         | Sounds like some PR stunt for a video game or something.
        
           | alfiedotwtf wrote:
           | I remember 2600 doing this a few years ago. They claimed that
           | they found a number that was "weird" which encouraged
           | listeners to try it out. Turns out the rabbit hole was run by
           | them :)
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | Or maybe just part of a game. We recently played an at-home
           | escape room game and one of the clues was a phone number. We
           | dialed it and it was a recording giving information about the
           | next part of the game.
        
         | vr000m wrote:
         | This was set up in 2019, the team having some fun! Thanks for
         | finding us.
        
       | Hitton wrote:
       | >How I tried to avoid scaring people with ghost calls in the
       | middle of the night. (...) You get a call, which you pick up, but
       | the caller remains silent. After a while, the caller hangs up.
       | This alone can feel threatening to some people.
       | 
       | And the author's solution is... to delete call recordings. What
       | about just playing prerecorded message explaining it? I can't
       | help but question intelligence of the author.
        
       | williesleg wrote:
       | That's illegal please arrest her.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | mercora wrote:
       | i was told once some of the emergency lines on elevators in
       | Germany could be called into once you uncovered their number and
       | expected to read about something similar here but no. Still quite
       | interesting of course.
       | 
       | i wonder if these machine-machine range numbers might only accept
       | calls from other machines in that range...
        
         | ashleyn wrote:
         | The elevator call boxes are surprisingly easy to "hack"
         | considering they have virtually no security whatsoever and the
         | industry doesn't appear to have practices that combat social
         | engineering.
         | 
         | https://hackaday.com/2019/08/10/those-elevator-emergency-cal...
        
           | wasmitnetzen wrote:
           | Coincidentally, the author works at an elevator company as a
           | Product Security Engineer according to their LinkedIn
           | profile.
        
       | ok123456 wrote:
       | As a pre-teen in the early 90s, I spent hundreds of hours
       | wardialing most of the free-to-dial exchanges. I was lucky enough
       | to have a US Robotics modem that reported the extended result
       | status codes to detect voice, continuous tone, and fax lines.
       | 
       | The results were typically for every exchange that 1% of the
       | numbers were modems, 1% were fax machines, 70% were non-intercept
       | recordings or humans, 0.3% were continuous tones and test
       | numbers, and the rest were primarily unallocated or just did not
       | complete.
        
         | imroot wrote:
         | I did the same thing -- wardialed the free-to-dial extensions
         | in the small town that I grew up in.
         | 
         | The next day, someone from the gas company knocked on my
         | parents door because apparently my war-dialer (who worked
         | during the day when I was at school) knocked offline their
         | monitoring system.
         | 
         | Now-a-days, I'm sure I'd be hauled off to jail instead of a
         | polite request to keep the 13 year old away from the phones for
         | a bit.
        
           | ok123456 wrote:
           | At one point, I got a knock on the door from some city
           | detective because I dialed someone who, I guess, was the
           | victim of some abuse and used *57, the code for initiating a
           | trace and reporting it to an already assigned investigator.
           | 
           | The optimal solution, I mean other than knocking off
           | completely, would have been to use a reverse directory to
           | blacklist all the residential subscribers.
        
             | mindcrime wrote:
             | Interesting historical tidbit... "back in the day" the
             | phone company often located "interesting" numbers (modem
             | numbers, test numbers, etc.) within a given exchange in the
             | npa-xxx-99zz block, or maybe npa-xxx-9zzz. So a friend and
             | I started war-dialing that block in our local hick town,
             | and found some test loops, ANAC numbers, modem numbers for
             | the switch that served our town, etc, etc. Fun stuff. Then
             | one day right after one of our sessions, we got a call -
             | from the phone company, basically telling us to knock it
             | off before we got into big trouble. I don't remember the
             | exact wording, but that was the gist of it. They knew who
             | we were and where I lived, so that "put the fear of god
             | into us"... briefly.
             | 
             | Then we discovered that you could beige-box the line
             | connected to a COCOT[1] sitting at a remote convenience
             | store out in the middle of nowhere at 2:00am and connect a
             | modem to that. One cheapo refurbished "brick" of a "laptop"
             | later, and we'd go out late Sat. night / early Sunday
             | morning and run our scans and login sessions to their
             | switch from this remote payphone. What was nice was this
             | particular phone's demarc box was the kind that had an
             | RJ-11 connector in it, so we didn't even need alligator
             | clips. We just plugged a long telephone extension cord in,
             | parked my car about 50 feet away and sat in there, huddled
             | around the "laptop" and went to work. Good times.
             | 
             | And then sometime in the late 90's we all realized that we
             | were old enough to be tried as adults if we got caught, and
             | that the authorities were starting to take this stuff more
             | seriously and that getting busted could have real
             | consequences like not getting hired for jobs, not getting
             | into college, or even jail time. I mean, Operation
             | Sundevil[2] had happened almost 10 years earlier, but we
             | assumed that our risk was limited living in the hick town
             | we lived in, with Barney Fife cops and low-tech telco
             | employees, etc. But at some point we all walked away from
             | that stuff, deeming the risk of continuing to play in that
             | world to be too high.
             | 
             | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COCOT
             | 
             | [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Sundevil
        
               | ok123456 wrote:
               | The 99xx numbers were all payphones where I lived. All
               | the exciting test numbers were the 00xx numbers.
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | On that note... am I the only one who thinks that it's
               | something of a shame that payphones aren't really a thing
               | anymore?
        
           | bredren wrote:
           | I also ran a war dialer I had downloaded off of a BBS. I woke
           | up a lot of people. After some testing, I ran it only once
           | overnight.
           | 
           | The next day we received at least three calls from people who
           | were upset about being woken up. I placed the calls from our
           | family phone number, so my mom answered them.
           | 
           | She mentioned these callers but I think she assumed they were
           | confused or something. I did not explain my "experiment" and
           | never got in trouble. But I did not war dial again.
           | 
           | It ran all night so I collected a fair amount of data but did
           | absolutely nothing with it. I think I thought I would find
           | some secret line to the White House.
           | 
           | Society got its revenge though. Due to spam and robocalls,
           | all unknown calls go to silent for me now, I leave my
           | voicemail "full" and POTS is rarely useful.
        
             | ok123456 wrote:
             | You had to set your line not to send caller-id data or use
             | *82 on every call. That would stop ordinary people calling
             | you back to complain.
        
       | schoen wrote:
       | Traditional wardialing was almost always looking for modems, but
       | it sounds like the particular number ranges that this researcher
       | selected didn't contain any modems at all?
       | 
       | I'm sure there are still plenty of modems connected to landlines,
       | not just for ISPs still offering dialup service, but also for
       | SCADA systems and stuff.
        
         | drblah wrote:
         | As "rescently" as 2014 I as involved with an old computer,
         | controlling a pre-processing stage for a high volume composite
         | casting factory. It turned out the computer had a modem and was
         | connected with its own phone line. It also had Norton pcAnyware
         | for remote operation.
         | 
         | The computer had been running since at least 1992. No one
         | remembered ever getting remote support, so I left it
         | disconnected just for good measure. If anyone had actually
         | wanted, I think you could have done a decent amount of damage
         | using that. Especially since no one knew how and what the
         | software on the computer did anymore. :)
        
         | fogihujy wrote:
         | The landline network in Finland is currently in the process of
         | being taken down. I suspect the amount of modems connected is
         | minimal.
        
           | pomian wrote:
           | That sounds like a terrible idea. Taking apart a useful
           | infrastructure, with unlimited potential for adoption, for
           | purposes we don't know about yet. They took apart most of the
           | rail network across Canada, especially the smaller rural
           | links. And sold the land. Imagine trying to recreate an
           | efficient communications system in the future, and trying to
           | purchase right of ways to interconnect all the villages and
           | towns across a 5000km wide country.
        
             | fogihujy wrote:
             | The guys, who removed the telephone poles and the wires in
             | these parts, mentioned they paid the local power utility
             | around 40EUR per year for each single pole shared with
             | power lines.
             | 
             | Mind you, we're talking (mostly) disused old copper wires,
             | with signal quality too poor to deliver more than a few
             | mbps over ADSL, and most of the country is covered by a
             | very well-built 4G network delivering 10+ mbps pretty much
             | everywhere.
             | 
             | I agree it's sad to see working infrastructure being taken
             | down, but everything was privatized in the 90's/00's and
             | the new network owners have no incentive to keep paying for
             | its upkeep.
        
             | jimmaswell wrote:
             | What good do some relatively poor quality phone lines do
             | when we have much better coaxial and fiber around?
        
         | slumdev wrote:
         | A fax machine uses a modem of sorts, just with one specific
         | protocol and purpose.
         | 
         | I can't find anything about how WarVOX differentiates modems
         | from fax machines, but I wouldn't write them off right away.
        
       | api wrote:
       | I'm surprised they found no modems. I don't see any listed. I'm
       | sure there are still modems on the telco system for things like
       | maintenance lines. I've seen them before in data centers to get
       | into the networking hardware if everything else is down, for
       | SCADA systems, to support really old credit card terminals, etc.
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | I think some of those "off brand" ATM machines you find in like
         | convenience stores and stuff, use dial-up comms as well. So
         | somewhere, out there, there are modems waiting to receive those
         | calls...
        
       | bambam24 wrote:
       | Horrible act, If in US he would probably get arrested
        
       | spullara wrote:
       | I might have written a wardialer and called all my local numbers
       | right after watching the theatrical release of WarGames.
        
       | user3939382 wrote:
       | That reminds me of this talk I heard a while back (I think this
       | is it: https://youtu.be/Hk-21p2m8YY)
       | 
       | The guys working on nmap scanned the entire Internet. That set
       | off some serious alarms because on the target side, it looked
       | like they were aware of the existence of the relationship between
       | IPs/assets that were classified. If memory serves some dudes in
       | black suits showed up at their door lol
        
         | Matumio wrote:
         | I heard a similar story at a university I once worked. They did
         | some kind of one-off portscan in the early internet days (with
         | blessing of the local providers whose range was scanned). Some
         | local companies got really angry because they spent a lot of
         | time investigating the source.
        
         | zaarn wrote:
         | I don't think the MiB showed up but they got some very
         | aggressive mail from people who got scanned.
        
           | faeyanpiraat wrote:
           | https://youtu.be/Hk-21p2m8YY?t=478
        
       | bruce343434 wrote:
       | Why does audio sound so bad over the phone? Why can we have 1Mbps
       | broadband over these lines but not pristine audio?
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | Are you talking about a landline phone or a cell phone? There
         | are pretty big differences between the two, traditionally. More
         | concretely, cell phones generally have shitty sounding audio
         | largely due to the compression and other manipulation of the
         | signal that happens in during the overall process.
        
           | vel0city wrote:
           | Landline phones have largely been compressed data since the
           | 70s, and we're still using the same compression algorithms on
           | most phone networks to this day. ~~Most cell phones will use
           | the exact same audio codecs as most landlines and this has
           | been true for decades.~~ EDIT: Actually this isn't exactly
           | true. Most "landlines" will use G.711 while most GSM cell
           | phones will use AMR. Either way, both are pretty highly
           | compressed audio sources but AMR lets you drag the quality
           | even lower.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.711
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-
           | Rate_audio_code...
           | 
           | Its been a long time since most landline phones were actually
           | complete circuits from point A to B. Those old mechanical
           | switches were crazy expensive to operate.
        
             | mindcrime wrote:
             | _Either way, both are pretty highly compressed audio
             | sources but AMR lets you drag the quality even lower._
             | 
             | That may be what I'm thinking of. And IIRC, regarding land-
             | line phones, the issue of compression varied depending on
             | whether you were placing a local call or a long-distance
             | call, and varied depending on the long-distance carrier.
             | But, to be fair, I haven't thought about most of this
             | stuff, or studied these issues, in about 20 years, since I
             | last worked for a company that did telephony work. So quite
             | possibly my memory is wrong, or my knowledge is just
             | outdated now.
        
       | account42 wrote:
       | > Ensured that any recording of private individuals did not end
       | up outside the EU, being saved by third parties, or used to train
       | machine learning models
       | 
       | is incompatible with
       | 
       | > To avoid listening to all recordings myself, used Google Cloud
       | Speech-to-Text to transcribe the recordings
        
         | matthewmacleod wrote:
         | This is not true. Google Cloud's speech-to-text service allows
         | users to select the region used to process data, and allows
         | users to pay a higher rate in order to opt out of their data
         | being logged.
        
           | ezekg wrote:
           | But Google's speech-to-text is the epitome of machine
           | learning.
        
             | matthewmacleod wrote:
             | Yes, but if you are paying them extra to specifically opt
             | out of users' data being used for that purpose, it's
             | extraordinarily unlikely that they are doing so anyway.
        
             | ChrisKnott wrote:
             | But it's unlikely to train on user inputs/outputs, because
             | they wouldn't know if they were correct
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | They could keep the recordings and have someone verify
               | whether the output is correct.
        
               | LeifCarrotson wrote:
               | Data that customers are sending to an ML speech-to-text
               | API seems like exactly the sort of data that one would
               | want to save for training future models. Maybe I'm too
               | cynical, but I have no confidence that Google throws away
               | any data that they can get their hands on.
        
               | matthewmacleod wrote:
               | I mean you can just read their description:
               | 
               |  _By default, Speech-to-Text does not log customer audio
               | data or transcripts. To help Speech-to-Text to better
               | suit your needs, you can opt into the data logging
               | program. The data logging program allows Google to
               | improve the quality of Speech-to-Text through using
               | customer data to refine its speech recognition service.
               | As a benefit for opting in, you gain access to discounted
               | pricing._
        
               | eloff wrote:
               | Why is the only factual answer in this thread downvoted?
               | 
               | People love to hate on Google here apparently,
               | inconvenient facts to the contrary aside.
        
               | bingidingi wrote:
               | I wouldn't be so quick to take their own description as
               | fact.
        
               | eloff wrote:
               | If you can't trust anything or anyone in life, that's a
               | hard way to live.
               | 
               | Yeah, they could by lying - but they'd be opening
               | themselves up to lawsuits for questionable gain. It would
               | be a dumb risk/reward calculation. That's not to say
               | companies (or people) don't do dumb things, but let's
               | give them the benefit of the doubt until we have reason
               | to believe otherwise.
        
               | bingidingi wrote:
               | I didn't say anyone or anything, in this case we're
               | talking about a company that data mines as one of their
               | primary business models that has been caught lying about
               | the extent of data collection multiple times. They've
               | also been sued successfully multiple times and have
               | settled cases out of court (i.e., paid settlements
               | privately).
               | 
               | I'm not sure what happened, but there used to be a time
               | where not trusting a company like Google would be the
               | smart stance to take. How could anyone with that much
               | power possibly be trustworthy?
        
               | ezekg wrote:
               | The tides have shifted, it seems. People now default to
               | trusting big tech, trusting big govt, trusting big
               | pharma. It was a lot of work, years of propaganda, but
               | they did it!
        
               | eloff wrote:
               | If you don't trust them to abide by their contracts and
               | agreements, don't use their services. That seems like a
               | minimum requirement to do business with any party.
               | 
               | No point complaining that other people are willing to do
               | business with them.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | There is this thing called unsupervised learning. It's
               | quite possible to use this data for further fine tuning
               | of models if the confidence outputs of the current models
               | are high enough that the data is properly labeled, even
               | if that labeling was done automatically. This is a quick
               | way to bootstrap a small set of labelled data into a
               | larger one. Whenever errors are detected later on you can
               | correct for those and then retrain.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | nojokes wrote:
       | Avatar describes Moomin characters. These characters were first
       | introduced by Swedish-speaking Finnish illustrator Tove Jansson.
       | I find them very Nordic. But the characters were also adopted by
       | a Dutch-Japanese animation production and they spoke Japanese. I
       | found it also kind of fitting and natural.
        
       | RIMR wrote:
       | >As there are no Shodan-like search engines for the telephone
       | network, I needed to do the exploration myself.
       | 
       | in the 2000's there was a massive telephone search engine hosted
       | at bellsmind.net. You could find brief descriptions of hundreds
       | of thousands of phone numbers. You could just run down a list of
       | 800 numbers and call the ones that looked interesting. Some
       | presented you with a new dialtone. Some played weird little
       | jingles. Some lead you to a real person. A few were set up by
       | phone hobbyists and let you play games.
       | 
       | At some point the law caught up with BellsMind and the database
       | was taken down. The whole site is gone now - even the blog.
       | 
       | You can see remnants of that database here (just skip through
       | time to see new stuff - the rest is _mostly_ broken):
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20041015131435/http://bellsmind....
       | 
       | EDIT: This is the page for "The 944 Project", which was a crawl
       | of the entire 800-944-XXXX space. Easily the best list at the
       | time. Some stuff might still be there.
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20050125030027/http://bellsmind....
        
       | sgallant wrote:
       | Unrelated to the post, but the thumbnail that loads at the top of
       | this page is very large (and slow to load).
       | https://shufflingbytes.com/images/avatar.png
        
       | Syzygies wrote:
       | Dunno what I said the last time a call violated the do-not-call
       | list and woke me. They actually called back later to tell me how
       | shook up they were, and that they'd been discussing my response
       | with their lawyers.
       | 
       | I don't see a difference between kidnapping one person for a
       | week, and taking ten seconds away from 56,874 people. I'd support
       | similar penalties.
       | 
       | I decided to fix this problem.
       | 
       | Phone.com is aimed at small businesses; if you have three
       | extensions in your house they default to ringing separately like
       | cubicles. However, any HN reader will have no trouble customizing
       | their service.
       | 
       | I have one service spanning homes on both coasts. The phone
       | number I give out has a white list, or answers with a recorded
       | message to press 7. Apparently this is enough to evade all
       | robocalls. Successful callers ring the extensions where I'm
       | scheduled to be, and the Phone.com app on my cell phone.
       | 
       | My cell phone is otherwise set to "Do Not Disturb" so it only
       | rings if you're in that address book. The Phone.com app is a bit
       | clumsy (it doesn't track switching to AirPods once the call
       | starts, for example) but for answering calls it works.
       | 
       | Some legitimate businesses robodial numbers before putting on a
       | human. They don't get through. Life goes on. They should know
       | better than to appear to be a robocall.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | So a captcha for phones? Like "press 7 to reach me". Great idea
         | acctually.
        
           | irobeth wrote:
           | I have this set up at twilio with a simple Studio workflow
           | and so far it defeats 100% of automated dialers:
           | 
           | A lot of auto-dialers wait to hear a human, so to trigger
           | anything listening for a response, the challenge goes "Can
           | you hear me? This number is protected by Samaritan Call
           | Protection" (shout-out to Person of Interest)
           | 
           | Then about a second later, it follows "Press 5 to be
           | connected."
           | 
           | Things that dial 5 get a ring-through to my cell, things that
           | don't get blackholed.
        
       | sva_ wrote:
       | >There was a single response that was present in 1074 answered
       | calls (91% of all interesting answers) and that waits for the
       | caller to interact with itself. It says "Tervetuloa palveluun"
       | (Welcome to the service) followed by repeating "Anna tunnusluku"
       | (Please give access code). The machine does not give any hint of
       | what kind of service it is.
       | 
       | I wonder whats that about.
        
         | FascistDonut wrote:
         | My first thought (influenced heavily by Hollywood) was that it
         | was some kind of assassin or other criminal service. You call
         | in, give the correct pass phrase and someone tells you where to
         | get your vacuum repaired locally (if you know what I mean).
        
         | jonathantf2 wrote:
         | Sounds like a dial-in meetings system maybe?
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | It appears to be a service offered by http://elisa.fi
         | 
         | The excerpt from the manual[1], translated to English.
         | Call the number __________________________        You will hear
         | the bulletin "Welcome to the service"        You will hear the
         | message "Enter the passcode"
         | 
         | http://esco.elisa.fi/rest/esco/blob/yritysten-asiakastuki/Va...
        
         | aaron695 wrote:
         | Back in the day, you'd have to ring up or write (using stamps)
         | to get the user manuals. Or dumpster dive, which the one time
         | we tried it kinda sucked since we expected manuals but got all
         | the pass-codes instead which ended the game.
         | 
         | Google "Tervetuloa palveluun" "Anna tunnusluku" see where it
         | leads. You'll need Google translate as you get into it.
        
         | voiper1 wrote:
         | Quite possibly calling cards or conference lines. Recording
         | voice prompts is "hard" so many just try to make due with the
         | included prompts in asterix/freeswitch.
        
       | jdalgetty wrote:
       | Many years ago I did something similar with a piece of software
       | called ToneLoc. I called every number in my my city. The results
       | back then were much more interesting as there were so many more
       | modems and dial in networks.
        
         | ananonymoususer wrote:
         | According to his data, no modems were present. It could be that
         | he classified modems as facsimile, but he doesn't say.
        
       | doctorshady wrote:
       | There's people who do this sort of thing in the US network
       | regularly: https://www.twitter.com/shadytel
       | 
       | Some of what can be expected to be found in telco test ranges:
       | https://pastebin.com/7KAuZmQq
        
       | VeninVidiaVicii wrote:
       | That's a huge amount of people who didn't answer. Phones are
       | basically worthless to get ahold of people -- I called about 40
       | students last spring for interviews and got only one answer,
       | myself.
        
         | lorlou wrote:
         | Calling people is just rude. "Drop everything you are doing and
         | pay attention to me". No thanks, text me instead and I'll look
         | at it when I want.
        
           | npteljes wrote:
           | I feel the same way. I feel like I'm expected to be a
           | business during opening hours. Also sucks that many people
           | don't leave a text message after they call unanswered. Did
           | someone die, did something good happen, was it a pocket dial?
           | Call back and find out!
        
         | gravypod wrote:
         | Did you first leave a voicemail, text, or email as well? Most
         | of my time I am busy. Either sleeping, working, relaxing (TV,
         | games, friends), and only a small small fraction of my time am
         | I doing nothing to such a degree that if pick up an unknown
         | number call. Especially in 2020s due to spam callers.
         | 
         | I've noticed some people saying "kids don't pick up phones
         | anymore" and really, no, we don't. There's more efficient and
         | reliable communication modes available. If I could pay for a
         | sperate set of phone numbers that were text-only, I would have
         | that instead.
        
           | mindcrime wrote:
           | _I 've noticed some people saying "kids don't pick up phones
           | anymore" and really, no, we don't._
           | 
           | Kids? Hell, I'm 47 and that's my policy as well. I basically
           | don't answer unsolicited phone calls unless it's my dad or
           | one of a very small number of close friends or family
           | members. And honestly, even that's not guarantee that I will
           | pick up at times.
        
             | erdo wrote:
             | Same (44) phone calls are for recruiters and marketing
             | spam, so if I'm not currently looking for a job, the phone
             | doesn't get answered
        
         | burnished wrote:
         | Spam calls have made the telephone part of my mobile computing
         | platform pretty much worthless, and it makes me dread
         | interviewing and needing to pick up every incoming call. I wish
         | we could all get on the same page and just switch completely to
         | text or email and arrange calls in that fashion.
        
           | fiddlerwoaroof wrote:
           | I use my iPhone's voicemail transcription to screen most of
           | my calls
        
         | macintux wrote:
         | That seems to be part of the problem with political polling
         | lately: practically no one answers the phone (and of course not
         | many of those who do are willing to participate).
        
         | annoyingnoob wrote:
         | Spam calls have ruined phone service. I don't answer calls that
         | I don't recognize, sorry you'll have to leave a message.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Note that he intentionally picked numbers that were unlikely to
         | be personal phone numbers.
        
       | petercooper wrote:
       | The "exception" music example isn't really an exception. It's
       | Passages by Kenny G which is about as hold music as it gets, it's
       | just heavily modulated.
        
       | ashleyn wrote:
       | The "unknown machine" sounds like dtmf tones + pulse tones. It's
       | anyone's guess what the actual meaning of the numbers are, but
       | the tone+pulse encoding suggests a super legacy, perhaps
       | proprietary automated system that you'd call up to get the status
       | of something - maybe factory machinery or a power plant, but
       | really it's anyone's guess. Pulse dialing was still somewhat
       | common until the mid 80s so this system is potentially upwards of
       | 40 years old.
        
         | teeray wrote:
         | It reminded me of alarm central station protocols. The earliest
         | (e.g. 3/1 and 4/2) use pulse, and the later ones (Contact ID,
         | SIA) use DTMF [0]. These systems are still installed and relied
         | upon by alarms today. It does seem the industry is finally
         | coming around to LTE, since a copper pair is basically a
         | fiction we present to alarms at this point.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.emergency24.com/cp/formats.aspx has a cursory
         | overview of many protocols
        
         | roliver wrote:
         | Could it be an auto-answer from a Telex machine?
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/lCZmVXGyVQQ?t=15
         | 
         | I have no idea what they sound like on a telephone line though.
        
           | GrumpyNl wrote:
           | Sounds like broken audio file on the other end.
        
       | mindcrime wrote:
       | See also, /r/weirdnumbers and, if you're into that sort of thing
       | (that is, exploring the phone network), /r/phreaking
       | 
       | Old-skool phreaking[0] (eg, using blue boxes and red boxes) is
       | mostly dead (at least in the US and most "first world" countries.
       | _Maybe_ there is some vestige of in-band signaling left somewhere
       | else) but there is still some fun to be had exploring phones and
       | phone networks.
       | 
       | Modern day phreaking is more about GSM sniffing[1], messing with
       | the SS7 network[2][3][4], using SCTP[5]/SIGTRAN stuff[6], etc.
       | etc. But, at least for the land-line / PSTN network, even some of
       | the old "colored boxes"[7] still do useful things. You can always
       | beige-box a landline phone, violet-boxes should still work, I
       | think a gold-box would still work, etc.
       | 
       | If you want to dig deeper into how the PSTN works, a good, fun
       | book is _Understanding Telephone Electronics_ [8] by Carr,
       | Winder, and Bigelow. Another interesting one is _Digital
       | Telephony_ [9] by Bellamy. Another "oldie but goodie" is _Voice
       | and Data Communications Handbook_ [10] by Bates and Gregory.
       | 
       | Also, don't ask me how or why I know any of this stuff... :-)
       | 
       | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phreaking
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzyuioto4y8
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JCusqL-Gdk
       | 
       | [3]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wu_pO5Z7Pk
       | 
       | [4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signalling_System_No._7
       | 
       | [5]:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stream_Control_Transmission_Pr...
       | 
       | [6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIGTRAN
       | 
       | [7]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phreaking_box
       | 
       | [8]: https://www.amazon.com/Understanding-Telephone-
       | Electronics-J...
       | 
       | [9]: https://www.amazon.com/Digital-Telephony-
       | Telecommunications-...
       | 
       | [10]: https://www.amazon.com/Voice-Communications-Handbook-
       | McGraw-...
        
         | alcover wrote:
         | > don't ask me how or why I know any of this stuff...
         | 
         | I think I know. You were a _Ghost in the Wire_ !
        
           | mindcrime wrote:
           | Funny you would bring that up. So, all joking aside... my
           | introduction to the world of phreaking / hacking was
           | primarily reading _Cyberpunk_ by John Markoff and Katie
           | Haffner about 1995 or so. I was immediately in awe of Kevin
           | Mitnick and his cadre of phreaker friends, and those were the
           | guys /gals me and my little circle of phreaker friends most
           | wanted to emulate. KM was one of my heroes back in those days
           | (and truth be told, I guess he still is to a degree).
           | 
           | What is interesting is that it was only later that I came to
           | know that that book was very controversial, is of doubtful
           | veracity in parts, and may portray KM in a somewhat
           | inaccurate light. Nonetheless, it launched me on my path to a
           | (short and inauspicious) "career" as a phone phreak. But I've
           | remained fascinated with Kevin's story all the way to the
           | current day, and actually just finished reading _The
           | Cyberthief and the Samurai_ and a couple of other books about
           | his story, which I had not read before.
        
       | therealcamino wrote:
       | The author says that lots of measures were taken not to wake
       | people up in the middle of the night, but that despite those
       | efforts 3 people were. Wouldn't the most obvious method have been
       | not to dial numbers at night local time?
        
         | idiotsecant wrote:
         | Its very unlikely they didn't think of that. Not all humans
         | attached to phone numbers reside in the physical area of the
         | area code.
        
           | mudita wrote:
           | "WarVOX spent 60 seconds on every call, whether it was
           | answered or not. This resulted in a wardialing speed of 1
           | call/minute. For 56874 calls, this means roughly 40 days
           | calling day and night."
           | 
           | Seems like he did actually call at night times.
        
             | mkr-hn wrote:
             | I think given their efforts to avoid calling people at
             | their local night, it's safe to assume "day and night"
             | refers to the caller's local night.
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | my reading was that OP took efforts not to call people
               | but still rang at all hours. I think your reading and
               | assumption are mistaken.
        
               | Pick-A-Hill2019 wrote:
               | 56784 (calls) / 40 (days) = ~1422, round down to 1400 for
               | 'easy math'
               | 
               | 1400 / 24 (hours per day) = ~58 per hour (round up to 60)
               | 
               | 60 / 60 (seconds) = 1 per minute so nope, he was
               | hammering at it 24/7 (unless my maths is totally wrong
               | which is always possible).
        
               | mkr-hn wrote:
               | It's entirely possible.
        
         | wang_li wrote:
         | > The author says that lots of measures were taken not to wake
         | people up in the middle of the night, but that despite those
         | efforts 3 people were.
         | 
         | It's pretty presumptuous to assume calling in the middle of the
         | night is a problem as opposed to calling when people are
         | asleep. Which could be any hour of the day.
         | 
         | >Wouldn't the most obvious method have been not to dial numbers
         | at night local time?
         | 
         | There's a super obvious method to avoid all the issues. Don't
         | robocall people at all. This person placed about 20k phone
         | calls between 10pm and 6am. Whether someone answered or not, a
         | ringing phone waking a person a significant intrusion. They
         | also called people and recorded them without their consent.
         | 
         | Here's an easy rule of thumb: in the absence of explicit
         | informed consent don't experiment with other people's stuff.
         | It's amazing that there are adults who don't understand this.
         | 
         | Also, a brief search on the internet suggests Finland is a two
         | party consent state for recording phone calls.
        
         | swashboon wrote:
         | not all people only sleep at night.
        
           | nemetroid wrote:
           | True, but the author admits to waking people in the middle of
           | the night.
        
             | dahfizz wrote:
             | In the middle of the receiver's night. It is impossible to
             | know with 100% certainty the local time of the person just
             | by their phone number.
        
               | edoceo wrote:
               | Why not simply call and ask what time it is?
        
         | halikular wrote:
         | Because it will take much longer if you restrict calling time
         | to the day.
        
           | kzrdude wrote:
           | He should have done it. He could have reserved just 8 hours
           | for "night" to do the minimum, so he'd only use 50% more time
           | then (still have 16 hours per day to make calls).
        
         | geoduck14 wrote:
         | Oh hey! I have experience with this! I used to analyze data for
         | a call center. We had a law that prevented us from calling
         | people at night.
         | 
         | This is hard because of the following reasons: Zip codes and
         | time zones don't align well (looking at you, West Florida!)
         | 
         | Area codes and zip codes don't align well
         | 
         | Area codes and time zones don't align well
         | 
         | People move!
        
           | jrnichols wrote:
           | I have a north Texas area code but live on the west coast
           | again, and the number of idiot robo-dialers I get calling me
           | early in the morning is frustrating.
           | 
           | My phone is now on Do Not Disturb most of the time because of
           | these. Even with the do not call list, Hiya, and Nomorobo.
        
           | wackro wrote:
           | There is only one time zone in finland
        
             | flatline wrote:
             | But that Finnish phone number could belong to someone in
             | England.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | Who was vacationing in Thailand.
        
               | PostThisTooFast wrote:
               | But took a day trip to Australia.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | nonameiguess wrote:
           | Area codes mean little in the mobile phone era. Just tells
           | you where a person lived when they were a teenager or
           | otherwise first got their own phone.
        
             | fps_doug wrote:
             | Not in Germany. The mobile network has distinct numbers.
             | You can have a land line number mapped to a cellphone, but
             | it's rare these days, don't know anybody who does this. It
             | was popular back when calling cellphones was more expensive
             | than land lines.
        
               | PinguTS wrote:
               | "Area" codes in German cellphones were never the area but
               | the cellphone provider. But that became none sense, when
               | you could move your number to any other cellphone
               | provider like I did. I own the same cell phone number
               | since 1998 and was with almost any of the cellphone
               | providers (except QUAM and E-Plus).
               | 
               | Actual area codes in Germany are always area codes. I
               | doesn't matter if they are mapped to the cellphone or to
               | SIP. When you make an address change, then your area code
               | changes. Happened to my area code. But moved it to a
               | friends house in the same area, so that I can keep it
               | (illegally). Because I "own" that number as well since
               | about 1998.
        
               | wolrah wrote:
               | You can't just port the number to a VoIP provider and
               | keep it regardless of location?
               | 
               | I work for a VoIP provider so when I got rid of my
               | secondary phone I just ported it to my system and now I
               | can do whatever I want with it.
               | 
               | A bunch of my clients have numbers from all over the
               | state or even the country that route in to their one
               | actual office.
               | 
               | It seems really stupid for that to be legally prohibited.
        
               | PinguTS wrote:
               | Yes, according to the rules of Bundesnetzagentur, the SIP
               | provider needs to give you a new phone number from the
               | within the new area, when you give them the new address.
               | Also for SIP providers the rule is, the area code is only
               | for the customers in which area they are.
        
               | phreeza wrote:
               | I moved away from Germany and I still have a German
               | landline number via SIP. Are you saying this is illegal?
        
               | PinguTS wrote:
               | If you inform your SIP provider about your new address,
               | then they need to give you a new number. If you number
               | has the "area" code specially for SIP, then it is not a
               | problem. But if you have an actual area code, then this
               | is not allowed according to the rules of
               | Bundesnetzagentur.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | Country codes still matter, for the most part.
             | 
             | In the EU pretty much every nation has their own country
             | code. Which means 555-555-5555 will map differently
             | depending on the nation you are in.
        
           | jasonjayr wrote:
           | Oh, and don't forget, phones lines can be forwarded elsewhere
           | as well. (hopefully the law's text said "area code time
           | zone", and had some wording against tomfoolery like making a
           | forwarding service that sent calls wherever)
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | irrational wrote:
           | People move is a big one. Since smartphones became popular,
           | I've noticed that people tend to keep the same phone number
           | from where they got their first phone number. So I will
           | receive calls from all over the place, except they really are
           | all local calls from people that now live in my town. So when
           | I see that a call is from Wisconsin, that is meaningless
           | since it could be from someone living down the street.
        
             | spinax wrote:
             | When I left a previous state, I paid to port the local area
             | code number away from (major cell carrier) over to Google
             | Voice (I've had this number some 20 years now). Many of the
             | folks I work with (tech sector) have cell numbers from
             | different states, having moved into this state only for
             | work and some day plan to leave/return to their original
             | home.
        
             | MivLives wrote:
             | And now I know that if I get a call from my numbers zipcode
             | and I don't have them added it's a robocall!
        
             | bigwavedave wrote:
             | Yeah, I've moved a couple of times and still have the phone
             | number I got in the second state I lived in. The nice thing
             | is that, for the most part, the only people calling me from
             | that state's area code are robocallers who are spoofing
             | what they hope is my local area code. I very rarely answer
             | unknown numbers anyway, but seeing these kinds of area
             | codes on my caller ID almost guarantee it's a spam call.
        
           | karmakaze wrote:
           | How many hours off can you be with area codes or zip codes? I
           | would have thought that might be about an hour not really
           | more than that.
        
             | TheRealPomax wrote:
             | There is no difference between mobile and land line numbers
             | in North America. There's no national "mobile only" prefix
             | (like in many EU countries), and no "your number changes if
             | you move to a new location": phone numbers are owned by
             | carriers, and you get whatever number your local carrier
             | branch was allocated (which will have the local area code).
             | That's it, the idea that "area codes" are actually location
             | indicators is basically an anachronism from the land line
             | days.
             | 
             | If someone has a mobile phone, which is everyone, and that
             | phone has a Toronto number because they bought the phone
             | plan when they lived in Toronto, then they move to
             | Vancouver, they get to keep their number as long as they
             | stay with their carrier. If you then look at that number
             | and go "the area code is Toronto, 8am is an acceptable time
             | to call that number", now you're calling someone at 5am.
             | 
             | Area codes in North America, by and large, _only_ tells you
             | which city the carrier 's branch was located when the phone
             | plan got set up. Canada and the US are huge countries made
             | of mostly empty space with pockets of life spaced far, far
             | apart, and people move from pocket to pocket _all the
             | time_.
        
               | syrrim wrote:
               | >phone numbers are owned by carriers
               | 
               | >they get to keep their number as long as they stay with
               | their carrier.
               | 
               | You can move phone numbers between carriers.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | I was about to say, since 2003 in the US wireless number
               | portability is _required_. You as a consumer have a
               | _right_ to port your number from one carrier to another,
               | they 're only supposed to be able to charge fees related
               | to their costs which is usually $0.
               | 
               | https://www.fcc.gov/general/wireless-local-number-
               | portabilit...
        
               | sunshineforever wrote:
               | Now with services such as TextNow, when you sign up for
               | the number they simply let you choose whatever area code
               | you'd like.
        
               | ohyeshedid wrote:
               | FWIW, Cell carriers will do this as well. They don't
               | require you to take a local number when signing up for
               | service.
        
       | h2odragon wrote:
       | > To avoid listening to all recordings myself, used Google Cloud
       | Speech-to-Text to transcribe the recordings, and then used the
       | transcriptions
       | 
       | ... That's a lot of trust to place in google. Do all this work to
       | gather data, then throw it away and analyze what google did to
       | the data instead.
        
         | JCBird1012 wrote:
         | To be fair, most of the original recordings (with caveats
         | listed there) were linked at the bottom, so I presume that the
         | author still has them around - that's hardly "throwing" them
         | away.
         | 
         | I don't think the goal of using Google speech-to-text was to
         | solely use the transcriptions for the rest of the project, but
         | you've gotta find some way to sift through those recordings and
         | pull out the interesting bits. I think that was the right
         | choice providing additional context and picking out the good
         | stuff. Imagine having to listen to ~28 hours of recordings (60
         | sec * 1724 answered calls) when there's a service that can
         | easily turn those recordings into a more easily consumable
         | format, and then you can go back and listen to the neat stuff.
        
           | h2odragon wrote:
           | Excellent points. Still, it puts a lot of trust in the
           | service, the analysis is of their results not the original
           | data.
           | 
           | Furthermore, it _feels_ like cheating, dammit. We dialed half
           | of an area code in a full a week back when, and didn 't even
           | have the luxury of _recording equipment_.
        
         | iamgopal wrote:
         | The amount of way google could have data, this is just peanuts.
        
           | turminal wrote:
           | All your data are belong to us!
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | mercora wrote:
       | is "illegal termination" when you funnel calls via VoIP to some
       | local mobile network operators using sim cards usually provided
       | to customers? like lets say to avoid billing it like a call into
       | another network?
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | That's one example, yes.
         | 
         | In some places that may be illegal, in other places, just a
         | breach of contract. Lots of interesting contraptions on
         | AliExpress with 64 SIMs in it.
         | 
         | Other times, international traffic is supposed to pay more than
         | domestic traffic (governments use it as a source of revenue),
         | but it works on the honour system at some telecoms.
         | 
         | Or someone is letting your traffic appear as coming from a
         | telecom's no-cost peer, even though you're not their peer and
         | are supposed to be buying termination.
         | 
         | In these cases, you're unlikely to get working callerID because
         | that would make it too easy to trace the true origination.
        
       | buzer wrote:
       | > I was very surprised to hear this bizarre message about the end
       | of the world and a zombie apocalypse when listening to the
       | recordings.
       | 
       | So that's the reason someone called, we thought zombie apocalypse
       | had already started...is what I would like to say, but reality is
       | a bit more boring. It's one of our test numbers that we used for
       | integration testing one of our call center integrations for our
       | WebRTC monitoring platform (https://www.callstats.io) and someone
       | decided to have a bit of fun with call flow :)
       | 
       | If you had pressed 1, you would have got a message about choosing
       | to be rescued and that the agents take long tea breaks.
       | 
       | (disclaimer: I work at 8x8 on the callstats product)
        
         | adflux wrote:
         | This is perfect
        
         | FridayoLeary wrote:
         | really?
        
       | wpietri wrote:
       | The author also posted an interesting bit on setting up a
       | VOIP/SIP honeypot: https://shufflingbytes.com/posts/sip-honeypot/
       | 
       | Turns out is a ton of automated activity looking to make money
       | via poorly secured phone systems.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-06-23 23:01 UTC)