[HN Gopher] Scite: Smart Citations for Better Research
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       Scite: Smart Citations for Better Research
        
       Author : polm23
       Score  : 53 points
       Date   : 2021-06-20 04:21 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (scite.ai)
 (TXT) w3m dump (scite.ai)
        
       | rerx wrote:
       | That name has just been burnt into my mind to stand for the
       | Scintilla Text Editor: https://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html
       | Amazing how this is still getting releases after 20+ years.
        
         | hutzlibu wrote:
         | Yeah, I assumed by the title, SciTE added a feature to help
         | with citations.
        
       | uniqueuid wrote:
       | On the tech side, this looks nice. But one thing people don't
       | seem to take seriously enough is:
       | 
       | If you're doing science and you don't know the literature, then
       | you're doing a bad job.
       | 
       | Understanding a paper won't work by reading AI summaries. Finding
       | surprising new papers in your field should be very rare even
       | without tech.
       | 
       | [edit] Let me re-phrase the very negative statement above. There
       | are a couple of important tasks in working with literature.
       | 
       | One is finding cumulative truth, i.e. figuring out the overall
       | state of research. This should be done in a true meta-analysis of
       | the data, since references are sometimes citing articles
       | incorrectly (i.e. claiming something that's not in the paper) and
       | the linguistic complexity is enormous. Meta-analyes are a lot of
       | manual work, even though you can extract some data from
       | standardized tables.
       | 
       | Another one is figuring out what new publications there are on a
       | specific subject. Search engines like google scholar are
       | immensely useful here, because you can follow the reference tree
       | in both directions (citing and cited). This tool would help, but
       | perhaps incrementally so (not a panacea).
       | 
       | A third task would be to identify novel interesting papers that
       | you didn't know about, perhaps from a different field. This tool
       | might help, but only if an unknown interesting paper cites
       | something you're looking at (i.e. if the networks are not
       | disjoint).
       | 
       | Apart from that, offering structural analyses and visualizations
       | of science is something I believe should be done with open source
       | and open data, because science is about trust and transparency -
       | now more than ever.
        
         | sleepingsoul wrote:
         | Hi,
         | 
         | Thanks for the thoughtful response.
         | 
         | Disclaimer: I work at scite.
         | 
         | I want to clarify one point in your comment because I know a
         | lot of people read HN comments before clicking through: we do
         | NOT offer AI summaries!
         | 
         | scite is fundamentally built on the idea that not all citations
         | are equal. We offer disambiguation into citations by extracting
         | the in-text contexts when citations happen between two papers.
         | With that, you can qualitatively see how a paper has been cited
         | by others by seeing the citation contexts from each citing
         | paper.
         | 
         | As someone who used to be in research before at the National
         | Cancer Institute, I certainly agree that scientists who are
         | advanced in their field should know the literature inside out.
         | 
         | But the utility of scite is I think quite a bit more than that:
         | 
         | - If you're an expert scientist, you can configure alerts to
         | know when new citations happen to papers that you care about
         | (e.g. ones you published, or that are important in your field,
         | etc). Except unlike Google Scholar alerts and such, you can now
         | immediately see the citation contexts (as opposed to opening up
         | each paper, and trying to locate the reference(s) and the in-
         | text citations).
         | 
         | - If you're a student or an experienced researcher trying to
         | ramp up in a new field (which is increasingly important given
         | how interdisciplinary science is these days), this is a useful
         | tool in your arsenal to digest and discover new papers.
         | 
         | - That last comment also applies if you are in the industry!
         | e.g. someone in pharma doing drug discovery or evaluation and
         | you're working on different drugs every <X> months.
         | 
         | We do have a preprint we published if you'd like to read more
         | about how scite works:
         | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.15.435418v1
         | 
         | I hope that was clear. I'm happy to answer any other questions.
         | I'll try to come back and check periodically.
         | 
         | - Ashish
        
           | uniqueuid wrote:
           | Thanks for taking the time to reply.
           | 
           | I agree that those use cases are definitely valid. And I
           | would also say that research is a technologically
           | underdeveloped space. So any innovation here is great and
           | will definitely help people!
           | 
           | The only worry I have (from past experience) is that easy
           | tools have a differential impact: That they facilitate bad
           | research more than they facilitate sound research. My
           | perception as a scientist is that we primarily need to
           | address actively harmful science (as in: spurious results,
           | p-hacking). Fostering _more_ science, on the other hand, is
           | definitely a second or even third priority.
        
             | sleepingsoul wrote:
             | Yep, I agree. I would like to point out though that one of
             | our aims with this is to buffer against that bad research
             | you mention.
             | 
             | Along with our extraction of citation statements, we have a
             | deep learning model that classifies each statement as
             | "supporting", "contrasting", or "mentioning" of the claims
             | made in the original paper.
             | 
             | Indeed there is a lot of nuance here, and we've tried to
             | address this in a number of ways (including a manual flag
             | process for review where someone believes it is incorrectly
             | labeled), and we're constantly improving in this area. In
             | general we would expect that research that is not sound
             | will receive more contrasting citations rather than
             | supporting citations because their findings won't be as
             | well supported by future research.
             | 
             | I should say explicitly that a "contrasting" citation is
             | not a bad thing per se, especially given the nature of
             | scientific discovery. But a study that was published
             | through p-hacking whose findings are not reproducible
             | should be easier to discern through subsequent contrasting
             | citations. In today's world, all we might know is that it
             | was cited a bunch, with the nuance buried underneath.
             | 
             | - Ashish
        
           | rmbyrro wrote:
           | @sleepingsoul , how good is your database? Just tried a
           | random paper I've read recently (DOI 10.1109/32.748920). It
           | shows "no citations" in Scite, but Google Scholar shows
           | "Cited by 1180": https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=905
           | 2935302971671123...
        
             | rmbyrro wrote:
             | This seems to be very useful. I'm finding a much better
             | experience browsing references made within a paper.
        
             | sleepingsoul wrote:
             | Hi there,
             | 
             | Well, that's a tricky question to answer! :)
             | 
             | At the moment we use DOIs to link papers / citations, and
             | get our information on DOIs from crossref
             | (https://www.crossref.org/).
             | 
             | So every DOI there is also in our system (and any citation
             | coming from a source without a DOI currently won't be
             | picked up).
             | 
             | From crossref we also have metadata on which publications a
             | given paper references, so we can always show information
             | on how many publications cite a given paper ("traditional
             | citations").
             | 
             | As for our database of Smart Citations (the extracted in-
             | text citation statements) -- the answer is that it depends
             | on our ability to access full-text articles to actually do
             | the citation statement extraction. We're constantly growing
             | in this area through new indexing agreements with
             | publishers and so on.
             | 
             | To your specific question about that DOI, here is the
             | corresponding scite report for that paper:
             | https://scite.ai/reports/a-unified-framework-for-coupling-
             | dZ...
             | 
             | I see that we identified 371 distinct citing publications
             | (and extracted 374 in-text citation statements from those
             | publications).
             | 
             | Can you let me know where you saw it say "no citations"?
             | That sounds like a bug... I'll take a look. You can email
             | me here: ashish@scite.ai
             | 
             | - Ashish
        
               | rmbyrro wrote:
               | I think you have an issue in your UI, or I don't
               | understand how it's supposed to be used
               | 
               | When I have the results from an article in my screen and
               | use the top search to find another, it only updates the
               | upper part of the page with the paper title, not the
               | stats and summary below it
               | 
               | I had searched for an article before that had no
               | citations. That's why I continued to see "no citations"
               | when I searched for the DOI I shared...
        
               | sleepingsoul wrote:
               | Hi,
               | 
               | Thanks for that description, I managed to reproduce this
               | and it is our fault not yours. You are using it
               | correctly.
               | 
               | We'll get it fixed ASAP!
               | 
               | EDIT: Fixed now :)
        
               | rmbyrro wrote:
               | Thanks!
               | 
               | Weird, I searched for that DOI moments before and it
               | showed this result: "This publication either has no
               | citations yet, or we are still processing them"
               | 
               | Let me look into others
        
         | rsa4046 wrote:
         | This. As a recently retired academic research scientist (i.e.,
         | still 'working', but no longer in the lab, and no longer paid
         | LOL), this can't be emphasized enough. Most scientists are
         | highly specialized: experts in their local area of interest,
         | the command of which must be fairly deep. They are aware of
         | which papers are about to appear in press, either because they
         | were either a referee at some point in the review process, or
         | received a 'heads up' preprint.
         | 
         | Your statement on 'finding cumulative truth, i.e. figuring out
         | the overall state of research' is a key point.To become newly
         | acquainted with a research area (on one's own) is a daunting
         | task, requires plowing through dozens and dozens of past
         | research articles, review summaries, abstracts, texts, even
         | conversing with authors of these works. But rapid progress is
         | oft realized when people in two or more separate areas
         | serendipitously interact in new projects, thus bringing
         | expertise -- heretofore missing or weak -- to bear on a common
         | problem. This is the intrinsically collaborative aspect of
         | science that survives despite intense intramural competition.
        
       | glup wrote:
       | I find it interesting how this is premised on the "one big claim
       | per paper" model, which for better or worse seems increasingly
       | common. In my experience a lot of 60's-90's research is of the
       | form "the results of our first study were consistent with [some
       | specific paper], and our second experiment was not." This nuance
       | is pretty hard for people to keep in mind, and often seems to get
       | lost over time (as a postdoc in cognitive science at MIT, I've
       | noticed a big difference between what papers _actually_ say, vs.
       | what people say those papers say 30 years on). I 'm excited to
       | see how well Scite actually works as I test it over the next
       | week!
        
         | darosati wrote:
         | Disclaimer: I work at scite.
         | 
         | We, at scite, actually designed scite to help folks see beyond
         | the "one big claim per paper" model. Specifically, we designed
         | scite to present show how specific results were either
         | supported or contrasted by other papers, rather than showing
         | that the publication itself was disputed or reproduced as a
         | whole. If there was any feedback you could give on how we could
         | present things so that folks don't get that impression we'd
         | love it - feel free to DM me or let us know at hi@scite.ai as
         | you test it out.
         | 
         | In an ideal world we would present the claims, results, and
         | argumentation as structured information to the user but we are
         | not quite at that stage yet!
        
       | elektor wrote:
       | Highly recommend Scite, I use it on a nearly daily basis when
       | doing lit reviews for my job.
        
         | darosati wrote:
         | Thanks! I am glad you are finding it useful (I work at scite)
        
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       (page generated 2021-06-21 23:01 UTC)