[HN Gopher] North Carolina tells retired engineer he can't talk ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       North Carolina tells retired engineer he can't talk about
       engineering
        
       Author : tomohawk
       Score  : 404 points
       Date   : 2021-06-19 12:09 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ij.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ij.org)
        
       | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
       | Texas may do a lot of crazy things when it comes to state
       | government, but one thing I think we definitely got right is the
       | Texas Sunset Commission (https://www.sunset.texas.gov/).
       | Basically, all boards set up by the state government are
       | automatically abolished every 10 years I believe unless the state
       | legislature passes a law to continue the board. So every 10 years
       | the Sunset Commission evaluates agencies/boards about to expire
       | and gives recommendations on if they should be merged,
       | eliminated, etc.
       | 
       | The whole idea is to prevent these little long-running fiefdoms
       | from continuing indefinitely, where board members just become
       | more concerned about their own power than their stated purpose.
       | 
       | People being people it's not perfect, but it does go a long way
       | to cut down on this type of abuse.
        
         | rpmisms wrote:
         | I think that would be a wonderful thing to implement federally.
         | I believe that one thing most rational people can agree on is
         | that government spending is out of control. Causing there to be
         | fewer pockets for taxes to fill could be very beneficial in the
         | long term, especially if you support social programs to help
         | the less fortunate.
        
         | bennysomething wrote:
         | Brilliant. I wish they had this in the UK. Seems like a great
         | way to keep government size in check.
        
           | inopinatus wrote:
           | The UK's equivalent plan is that every couple of decades it
           | will flip-flop on being a member of the EU.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | What benefits is Texas seeing from the Sunset Commission?
         | https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/ shows a lot of what appear to be
         | wholly spurious licensing types:
         | 
         | - barbering
         | 
         | - cosmetology
         | 
         | - dietitians
         | 
         | - dyslexia therapy
         | 
         | - behavior analysts
         | 
         | - polygraph examiners (!)
         | 
         | - auctioneers
         | 
         | - etc. etc.
        
           | trentnix wrote:
           | The commission requires the legislature to act. It doesn't
           | prevent the legislature from acting irresponsibly. But at
           | least that irresponsible act will have some names on it that
           | voters might recognize.
        
           | fencepost wrote:
           | Do they still require a license for strippers? I always
           | thought it would be entertaining to be a Texas licensed
           | exotic dancer.
        
           | stevespang wrote:
           | Wait till they add chimney sweep, topless dancer, and lap
           | dancer - - - -
        
           | bob1029 wrote:
           | Looks like some of these might be going away soon. Check out
           | HB1560:
           | 
           | https://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/87R/billtext/html/HB01560F.
           | ..
        
           | brianwawok wrote:
           | Why should these not be licensed?
           | 
           | A dietitian giving bad advice could cause serious harm.
           | 
           | A dyslexia therapist could provide no benefit to the patient.
           | 
           | A cosmetologist could cause someone's hair to fall out.
           | 
           | Like, having something deeper than yelp reviews to help make
           | someone's hair not fall out seems reasonable...
        
             | hellbannedguy wrote:
             | That's fine, but require 0 dollars for the license, and
             | yearly fee.
             | 
             | I sometimes think they want to license everything because
             | it brings in a fair amount of money in fees.
        
             | silverpepsi wrote:
             | You don't have enough personal experience perhaps to know
             | licensing is more about power and protectionist rakets than
             | the claimed purpose.
             | 
             | My dad was a doctor who lost his license (nothing dramatic
             | or gossip-worthy involved). He was primarily treating
             | opiate addicts with something called Suboxone. It is
             | sensitive enough that the state puts a hard limit on
             | patients you can have - 100. This means people who need the
             | treatment are often on waiting lists because the doctors
             | who have the qualification to write Suboxone are often at
             | their 100 patient limit. Father told the medical board they
             | need to find placements for his 100 patients or they will
             | end up dead WITH ABSOLUTE CERTAINTY. Medical board couldn't
             | give two shits since that's not their problem, last we know
             | at least three died within 4 months or so of not being able
             | to find a new doctor.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | The solution to regulatory capture is to abolish
               | regulations?
        
             | EricE wrote:
             | lol - the problem is these laws restrict far more than they
             | help. Just look at AB-5 in CA - lobbyist driven legislation
             | full of unintended consequences that, amusingly, bit a lot
             | of people in the press (who were pushing it) in the ass
             | since it severely limited what they could do as a
             | freelancer vs. an employee.
             | 
             | All the other licensing requirements do is favor incumbents
             | and restrict competition. Amazon was against paying local
             | sales taxes - until they eventually figured it out; now
             | they are a huge proponent for forcing all online retailers
             | to have to collect all local taxes. Will squeeze out the
             | little guys or drive them into their web store solutions.
             | 
             | Regulations rarely benefit small business or their
             | customers.
             | 
             | Also who seriously pays attention to if someone has a
             | license or not? You can still get a bad haircut or advice
             | from a licensed person. What I find appalling is the more
             | rigorous the licensing the less some people question the
             | people who hold them. Indeed, it's now a thing to criticize
             | any critical thinking around "experts" (such as the
             | anointed one, Saint Fauci) - utterly disgusting.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The initial motivation for the licensing of medical
               | doctors was to put minority doctors out of business.
               | 
               | See "Competition and Monopoly in Medical Care" by Frech.
        
             | frankus wrote:
             | The requirement to have a license for these types of fields
             | is reasonable.
             | 
             | What tends to happen, however, is that the requirements to
             | acquire a license grow beyond basic health and safety to
             | include a ton of formal education. This is probably due in
             | part to the fact that practitioners are well represented
             | among the people designing the licensing requirements, and
             | they have a vested interest in erecting and maintaining
             | barriers to new entrants.
             | 
             | For example, it typically takes 1,500 hours of instruction
             | to become licensed to cut peoples hair in exchange for
             | money. That amount of training might be reasonable for
             | someone working with potentially harmful chemicals, but on
             | the other hand I can give someone a pretty decent buzzcut
             | and have approximately zero hours of training (but would
             | still face civil penalties if I were to open Frankus'
             | Buzzcut Studio).
             | 
             | It's also worth noting that licensing doesn't necessarily
             | have to be enforced by the state, (although I agree that
             | basic knowledge of the health and safety aspects of an
             | occupation is probably a reasonable requirement to be
             | state-enforced).
             | 
             | You could have a private credentialing agency that
             | certifies practitioners who have completed additional study
             | or exams, or have a certain minimum amount of experience
             | (something along the lines of Microsoft's MCSE credential,
             | but for, say, applying makeup).
        
           | yaitsyaboi wrote:
           | I don't see a lot of overlap here and don't understand how
           | they're spurious.
           | 
           | Yeah the polygraph one seem anachronistic, but if people
           | still use them I appreciate the state trying to make sure the
           | practitioners aren't more snake oil-y than the field at
           | large.
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | > I appreciate the state trying to make sure the
             | practitioners aren't more snake oil-y than the field at
             | large.
             | 
             | What do you imagine you're getting from hypothetical
             | oversight? It is not theoretically possible to be more
             | snake-oily than the field at large.
        
               | bastawhiz wrote:
               | Acupuncture is snake oil, but I would very much prefer
               | knowing that my acupuncturist has been checked out by
               | someone qualified to check their skills. Just because
               | it's snake oil doesn't mean that there are not
               | expectations around its safety and application.
        
               | trentnix wrote:
               | _> checked out by someone qualified to check their
               | skills_
               | 
               | Well sure, we'd all _like_ that. But those of us who have
               | experience dealing with government regulatory bodies
               | (even justifiable ones like building inspectors, fire
               | inspectors, etc.) are skeptical for good reason. The
               | competence of your licensing overlords will vary greatly.
        
               | Aerroon wrote:
               | Then go to one that has some kind of recommendation or
               | badge of acupuncture quality. Why should the government
               | do that?
        
               | bastawhiz wrote:
               | Because a private individual or organization has no
               | incentive to create a certification that ensures my
               | safety. Their incentive is profit. The whole point of a
               | government is to have a group unmotivated by profit,
               | whose interests are its citizens.
               | 
               | You cannot hold someone accountable without a government,
               | because otherwise there's no way to create consequences.
               | Having a private certification authority only adds a
               | layer of indirection.
        
               | _Nat_ wrote:
               | > Why should the government do that?
               | 
               | Free-market dynamics require a lot of intellectual
               | overhead.
               | 
               | For example, in a theoretical world with unbound
               | computation and information-sharing, all stocks on the
               | stock-market should be perfectly priced, and all doctors
               | should be of known qualities. And all of those
               | supplements in the pharmacy should be of known effect,
               | and priced perfectly given that knowledge.
               | 
               | But in more limited contexts, where folks don't have
               | infinite free information and computation, centralized
               | authorities can help provide standards. For example, if
               | you go to a licensed medical-doctor, then you may not
               | know their exact quality, but at least you can generally
               | infer that they're competent enough that the state hasn't
               | yanked their license. Ditto for most other licensed
               | professions.
               | 
               | Anyway, to answer your question: the government does it
               | because it's too costly for everyone to do it themselves.
               | When that changes -- this is, when consumers start to
               | acquire a level of knowledge where they can make informed
               | decisions and find government regulation stifling rather
               | than helpful -- then they petition the government to
               | change in response to such new circumstances.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | Yes and:
               | 
               | > _intellectual overhead_
               | 
               | aka transaction costs.
               | 
               | Licensing, credentials, certification are just the cost
               | of doing business. Open markets are built on
               | transparency, accountability, fair rules, impartial
               | referees, etc.
               | 
               | Sure, it all sucks. The alternative is worse.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | Because then you need an acupuncture badge quality
               | quality badge, and so on.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | That implies that we currently need QA organizations who
               | rate government licensure schemes on their accuracy and
               | informativeness. How often have you checked for those?
               | 
               | You've completely failed to distinguish a legal licensure
               | scheme from an independent endorsement scheme.
        
               | handrous wrote:
               | > You've completely failed to distinguish a legal
               | licensure scheme from an independent endorsement scheme.
               | 
               | I mean, the key difference is that with a market solution
               | you're policing one market with another that's even
               | harder for consumers to evaluate than the first one, and
               | consumer choice is what (supposedly) keeps markets in
               | check, so all you've accomplished is making the situation
               | worse. At least using government changes the mechanism by
               | which we apply pressure to the regulators, and their
               | incentives, rather than presenting a worse version of the
               | same thing, so it has the _potential_ to be an
               | improvement.
        
               | Gibbon1 wrote:
               | That economists and libertarians hate that cosmetologists
               | have to be licensed is what convinced me they aren't
               | serious thinkers.
               | 
               | Because hepatitis is real.
               | 
               | Same deal with an acupuncturist.
        
               | faster wrote:
               | Food poisoning is real too, and I got a food handling
               | certificate online in 20 minutes for about $20. Is
               | cosmetology that much more complicated (safety-wise;
               | incompetence has its own consequences, same as in the
               | restaurant industry) than food handling? I really have no
               | idea.
               | 
               | It does seem like quite a few of the things that require
               | licenses in Texas would be just as safe with a
               | certificate and random inspections (like they do with
               | food handlers).
        
           | _Nat_ wrote:
           | > What benefits is Texas seeing from the Sunset Commission?
           | https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/ shows a lot of what appear to be
           | wholly spurious licensing types: [...] - dietitians
           | 
           | [Their site](https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/diet/diet.htm) says
           | that:
           | 
           | > The Dietitians program licenses and regulates dietitians in
           | Texas. A license is required to use the titles "Licensed
           | Dietitian" and "Provisionally Licensed Dietitian." A license
           | is not required to use the titles "Dietitian" or
           | "Nutritionist."
           | 
           | Haven't checked the others, but at least that one seems
           | pretty reasonable.
           | 
           | Also, hospitals tend to have licensed-dietitians to handle
           | stuff like making meal-plans for patients, which is
           | apparently a more involved process than one might think,
           | especially for patients with multiple complications.
        
         | jimmaswell wrote:
         | This is great. I've had this idea myself but for major
         | legislation in general. A checkup on any new federal law first
         | 2 years later, then 4, then every 8, or maybe a provision to
         | allow a longer time after enough successive affirmations.
         | Congress could live with their easy jobs getting a bit harder.
        
         | strictfp wrote:
         | Love this. I also have a silly question; is the sunset
         | commission subject to the same principle?
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | Sort of: https://www.sunset.texas.gov/about-us/frequently-
           | asked-quest...
           | 
           | And I had a mistake in my timing, it's every 12 years.
        
           | pestaa wrote:
           | Who chaos monkeys the chaos monkey?
        
             | greesil wrote:
             | Qui conturbat turbatores accingi
        
               | temporama1 wrote:
               | Yeah...
        
               | sn41 wrote:
               | From "Guards! Guards!" by Terry Pratchett: "Quis
               | custodiet custard?"
        
         | wizzwizz4 wrote:
         | The US was actually founded with the idea that this should be
         | done to the _entire constitution_ every couple of decades.
        
           | musingsole wrote:
           | I believe Jefferson abandoned the idea after seeing how hard
           | passing the first one was, too much overhead. I've always
           | fantasized about the idea as a way to guarantee continuous
           | buy-in from the living population of a community.
        
           | godelski wrote:
           | Ironically the US has the oldest constitution of any
           | sovereign state[0]. Beats Norway (the second oldest) by 26
           | years.
           | 
           | [0]
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_constitutions
        
             | zero_iq wrote:
             | Depends what you're counting as a constitution. San Marino
             | has the US beat for oldest written and still active
             | constitutional documents by 190 years.
             | 
             | The UK has an uncodified constitution that predates the US
             | by over 500 years, originally founded on the Magna Carta,
             | signed in 1215.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | Apparently the traditional law of Iceland required a guy to
           | appear every year and recite the law. Whatever he forgot to
           | include was no longer the law.
        
             | godelski wrote:
             | Honestly this seems prime for abuse, letting that one guy
             | decide to "forget" what he doesn't like.
        
           | malwarebytess wrote:
           | After all, why shouldn't each generation choose how it is to
           | govern itself? Sins of the Fathers and so on...
        
             | dexterdog wrote:
             | Because each generation doesn't just govern itself. Also,
             | how old should that generation be before they can decide
             | which fences to take down without understanding whey they
             | were put up in the first place?
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | That's utterly incompatible with Common Law, unfortunately.
        
             | musingsole wrote:
             | How so?
             | 
             | Every so often the foundations of common law get to be re-
             | evaluated which could be disastrous. But in practice it's
             | likely the foundations would be similar cycle to cycle.
             | Further, to the degree that the roots of rulings change due
             | to a new constitution, don't those ruling trees need to
             | change? The constitution changing is a signal that the
             | people, their needs and their values have changed and so
             | should all rulings based on those ideas.
             | 
             | --As an aside, I'm biased against common law. I appreciate
             | my ancestors but I question accepting all of their prior
             | decisions as taken until proven otherwise.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | For the same reason that you can't just make changes to a
               | codebase without understanding its structure. Rewriting
               | the Constitution also means throwing away 200 years of
               | Supreme Court decisions.
               | 
               | It's easy to envision invaliding precedents that rely on
               | things that have changed, but the process of creating
               | those precedents takes so long nobody really knows what
               | the new law means until it's tested. Furthermore, the
               | arguments to invalidate them are also going to be in the
               | form of more legal arguments, so you're adding another
               | whole dimension to the problem. Given how opaque the law
               | is to the average person right now, I'd say we're already
               | at the limit.
               | 
               | FWIW I'm biased against common law too, because it seems
               | to take what is actually _policy_ and brand it as if it
               | were universal truth.
        
           | fragileone wrote:
           | [citation needed]
        
             | wizzwizz4 wrote:
             | https://oll.libertyfund.org/quote/thomas-jefferson-on-
             | whethe...
             | 
             | > _The question Whether one generation of men has a right
             | to bind another, seems never to have been started either on
             | this or our side of the water... (But) between society and
             | society, or generation and generation there is no municipal
             | obligation, no umpire but the law of nature. We seem not to
             | have perceived that, by the law of nature, one generation
             | is to another as one independant nation to another... On
             | similar ground it may be proved that no society can make a
             | perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law. The earth
             | belongs always to the living generation... Every
             | constitution, then, and every law, naturally expires at the
             | end of 19. years. If it be enforced longer, it is an act of
             | force and not of right._
             | 
             | I think Thomas Jefferson is a reputable source for my
             | assertion.
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | This one of the principles of parliamentary sovereignty
               | in the UK: No Parliament can bind a future parliament.
               | See
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_sovereignty
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | Didn't the UK establish a Supreme Court in 2009 with the
               | power to bind Parliament?
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | I don't believe that UK's Supreme Court can override
               | direct actions by Parliament[1]. They can override
               | "secondary legislation", regulations created by ministers
               | using authority that Parliament gave them, but in that
               | capacity they are ensuring that ministers follow the laws
               | that Parliament created, not acting to reign in
               | Parliament.
               | 
               | They can also declare that legislation violates human
               | rights, but that declaration is non-binding. They are
               | effectively just asking Parliament to go back and fix the
               | law.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Un
               | ited_Ki...
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | > I think Thomas Jefferson is a reputable source for my
               | assertion.
               | 
               | You need more than one because the founding of the US was
               | a group effort. Not all ideas pitched by any given
               | founder made it in, and even when one did many of those
               | who voted to include it had a different understanding of
               | what it meant.
        
               | comicjk wrote:
               | To some extent this famous quote is just sour grapes:
               | Jefferson wasn't much involved in the drafting or passing
               | of the US Constitution, so naturally he was not as
               | attached to it as the other founders. Note that this was
               | a letter written from France.
        
               | benglish11 wrote:
               | Thomas Jefferson's opinion on this issue doesn't mean
               | "The US was founded on this principle".
               | 
               | If the US were founded on this principle... it would have
               | been part of the constitution.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | > _If the US were founded on this principle... it would
               | have been part of the constitution._
               | 
               | If that were true, we wouldn't have had the first block
               | of amendments. There's plenty of stuff that didn't make
               | it into the original constitution because the founders
               | thought it was obvious.
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | There's a long standing philosophy that pretty much any
               | and all ideas in the founder's heads are viable as
               | founding principles. Otherwise what good is mining their
               | journals and letters and their acquaintances journals and
               | letters in a continuous attempt to understand what they
               | thought was critical for a society to function.
               | 
               | This largely ignores the rest of society and what they
               | were thinking. From the first perspective, these are all
               | ideas that got smuggled in.
        
               | kevinmchugh wrote:
               | It also ignores the significant disagreements the
               | founders had amongst themselves.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | I've often thought that a 60% majority should be required to
         | pass new laws, and 50% to repeal them.
        
         | travisjungroth wrote:
         | The worst example of this is Oregon has their own version of
         | the FAA. It's grandfathered in because it was established
         | before the FAA. You pay $12 a year for an Oregon pilot's
         | registration. And in return for this bureaucracy, society
         | gets... nothing.
        
           | labcomputer wrote:
           | Do you have a link where I can learn more about that?
           | 
           | Some quick googling turns up nothing more than the state
           | Department of Aviation, which looks serve the same purpose as
           | other states' departments of aviation. Namely, to maintain
           | state-owned airfields and support some planning functions.
        
           | wwweston wrote:
           | While it's always possible OR AA employees do little
           | (certainly plenty of organizations public and private have
           | such employees), it also seems plausible that it does
           | regional AA things that would otherwise be ... regional FAA
           | jobs.
           | 
           | Bureaucracy isn't that different from code. Some of it's dead
           | legacy that needs to be removed, some of it's legacy that
           | needs to be improved/replaced, some of it's legacy that's
           | good enough, some of it's there for a damn good reason no
           | matter how ugly it looks.
           | 
           | And when it comes to code, you probably trust devs who have
           | _specific_ insights into issues with code and promising
           | replacements.
        
           | beebeepka wrote:
           | Does it not create jobs?
           | 
           | Not saying it's good nor bad.
        
             | Noumenon72 wrote:
             | If it creates jobs and doesn't do anything, it is bad, like
             | anything else that has a cost but no benefits. Jobs are
             | costs -- they force you to spend your life doing one thing
             | when you could be doing all manner of other useful things.
             | Only if your job produces useful things does that benefit
             | outweigh the cost of having to spend your life on it.
        
               | tomc1985 wrote:
               | No benefits? It keeps people off the streets and gives
               | them something to do, pointless or not. The net benefit
               | to society is positive, which is why it keeps getting
               | voted for.
               | 
               | I live in a place with a severe homeless problem. I wish
               | these people had pointless government jobs rather than be
               | out begging on the street.
        
             | influx wrote:
             | See
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parable_of_the_broken_window
             | for why this is bad.
        
               | JuettnerDistrib wrote:
               | So is there also a kind of "reverse broken window"
               | fallacy, e.g., for housing, where not tearing down an
               | old... excuse me... "historic" building prevents the
               | creation of bigger and better things?
        
             | an_opabinia wrote:
             | I'm not sure why this is being downvoted. Much, if not all,
             | of politics, on both sides, for ordinary people, is
             | concerning who gets what welfare. For every Oregon FAA
             | there are probably 100 offices in the military and
             | government agricultural sector that provide a small number
             | of good but sort of meaningless jobs.
             | 
             | For every 1 soldier actually shooting bullets or 1 bonafide
             | back-bending farmer there are 999 comfy desk jobs for
             | college educated people in the same org chart. Many for
             | whom college was paid for by that government. Is that good
             | or bad?
        
               | hallway_monitor wrote:
               | People who want the "star trek future" don't seem to
               | understand that, yes, work is valuable in its own right.
               | It's better to work for your meal than have it handed to
               | you. So, a primary concern of society is indeed keeping
               | its people gainfully employed and we see outcomes that
               | would not make sense were this not the case.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | beebeepka wrote:
               | Indeed. Is a pointless but harmless job worse for society
               | than preventable poverty? I think not.
               | 
               | Is that always the case? No, of course not.
        
               | travisjungroth wrote:
               | > Is that good or bad?
               | 
               | I'm gonna go with bad.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | Do you just fire them and let them go on unemployment? If
               | everything else is held constant, then there's nothing
               | done and more people without money. It's an even greater
               | drain on society, not to mention these people's lives.
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | You fire them and let them get a job where they can do
               | something beneficial for society. There's more than
               | enough work out there, hell just picking up trash would
               | provide more value than they currently do.
               | 
               | I'd rather have people on welfare than in these
               | bureaucratic jobs that actually hamper progress, because
               | well they need to be 'involved'
        
             | travisjungroth wrote:
             | According to their website, there are 15.5 FT employees. I
             | don't consider healthy adults getting paid to do
             | meaningless work a benefit to society.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | It can function as a jobs program, giving living wages to
               | more people, and letting them spend their salary back
               | into the economy.
               | 
               | But it would be nice if jobs programs produced more
               | benefit.
        
               | savant_penguin wrote:
               | What generally happens is that a select few get to
               | receive pay for a fake job and everyone else of worse off
               | by having to pay for it by force.
               | 
               | Actual benefit comes when people get paid by other people
               | voluntarily making the exchange
        
               | hellbannedguy wrote:
               | I got through college doing meaningless jobs.
               | 
               | Security jobs, and working at a gas station, allowed me
               | to do all my homework.
        
               | gpvos wrote:
               | I understand that 95% of American defense is a jobs
               | program. Let's fry the bigger fish first.
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | To be fair, you can actually use that for some purpose if
               | you really wanted.
               | 
               | I don't think that is the case for a redundant board.
        
           | systemvoltage wrote:
           | Oregon's gas pumping laws has some hilarious justifications.
           | 
           | > "The dangers of crime and slick surfaces described in
           | subsection (3) of this section are enhanced because Oregon's
           | weather is uniquely adverse, causing wet pavement and reduced
           | visibility"
           | 
           | More here: https://medium.com/policy-northwest/the-insanity-
           | of-oregons-...
           | 
           | Safety is important but wet pavements are also a hazard when
           | you leave your house or literally do anything outside. Laws
           | that try to masquerade for progressive causes for the sake of
           | your "safety" are rampant in Oregon. There are so many of
           | these insane laws piled up over the years. A friend of mine
           | who was an licensed Architect in the state of Oregon recently
           | moved to Phoenix. Reason? Unbelievable mess of laws and
           | regulations that make it impossible to construct anything but
           | a bog standard house.
        
             | irrational wrote:
             | I live in Oregon, but grew up outside the state so
             | fortunately I do know how to pump my own gas. One thing
             | that has fascinated me is that our gas is no more
             | expensive, and often cheaper, than surrounding states
             | despite providing many jobs. One benefit of this system was
             | shown recently when no truck beds or plastic bags were
             | filled with gasoline.
        
               | systemvoltage wrote:
               | If you want a jobs program, do something for the
               | crumbling infrastructure in Oregon. _Actually provide
               | value to the society_. Pumping gas is a giant waste of
               | tax dollars and it is not preparing the populace for
               | better jobs - it is the equivalent of flipping burgers.
               | 
               | It is the worst possible way to create a 'jobs program'.
        
               | cloverich wrote:
               | But they are paid from some other budget, or perhaps from
               | state income taxes. That has a real effect on something,
               | it's just not apparent what. Any job that only exists via
               | mandate is taking the place of some other economic
               | activity.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | They are paid by the station owners, so the money reduces
               | their profits and perhaps long-term investments in new
               | pumps or other equipment. In reality, the soda and candy
               | inside probably all costs 10 cents more than it otherwise
               | would.
               | 
               | One consequence is that our state gas tax hasn't been
               | raised in decades. That's why our gas is cheaper than
               | across the border in WA. They pay a much higher per
               | gallon tax than we do. My town has gotten around this by
               | adding a $10 a month fee for road improvements to our
               | water bills. Other cities and towns let their roads
               | crumble.
        
               | briffle wrote:
               | I have had other customers in Oregon very, very loud and
               | angry about me getting out and running the pump myself.
               | They immediately dismiss my statement that it's perfectly
               | legal for us to dispense diesel, just not gasoline, until
               | an employee usually tells them it's legal and they
               | appreciate it.
        
               | hellbannedguy wrote:
               | I went down the Rogue River a few summers.
               | 
               | While driving home, I remember thinking that Gas Station
               | Attendant was looking at me funny.
               | 
               | It wasen't until a few years later I heard about the law.
               | 
               | (There's a stretch of highway 101 around Shasta that is a
               | Speed Trap. The cops pull over four vechicles at a time
               | and give everyone tickets. They supposedly use a plane,
               | but I never saw one. They got busted a few years ago, but
               | I heard they are doing it again.)
        
             | sonofhans wrote:
             | You know, that gas-pumping law comes up for vote every few
             | years, and each time it's re-approved. For the most part,
             | people like it.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | It's become a matter of pride for Oregonians - kind of
               | like how hazing rituals persist.
               | 
               | It would be amusing if Oregon required an electrician to
               | plug in an EV at a public charger.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | banana_giraffe wrote:
             | My favorite result of that law was when I stopped to get
             | gas in Washington state near the border with Oregon. I made
             | eye contact with two 20-somethings that were arguing back
             | and forth about something. After I'm done one of them
             | worked up enough courage to approach me and ask for help.
             | Being from Oregon, this was their first attempt to fill up
             | a car on their own, and they couldn't figure out how to
             | make the pump work (they didn't push the handle with enough
             | force to engage the vapor recovery).
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | Texas is pretty big on licensure. Surveyors sit at the top for
         | historic reasons. All that land you know. And there's big money
         | that gives a shit about surveying out in Texas...little money
         | too.
         | 
         | Texas takes government Texas Ranger seriously.
        
         | FigmentEngine wrote:
         | love it!
         | 
         | is there a Sunset Commission for the Sunset Commission? :-)
        
         | eesmith wrote:
         | How can this be relevant when Texas has exactly the same issue
         | about the term 'engineer'?
         | 
         | More specifically, 20 years ago I remember learning Texas had
         | some of the strictest laws on using the term "engineer". You
         | could not call yourself a "software engineer" in Texas if you
         | have were been licensed by the state.
         | https://www.chron.com/news/article/Law-to-decide-if-programm...
         | 
         | Now, my knowledge is 20 years of date, and Texas law appears to
         | now allow "engineer" in a business card of a software
         | engineer[1], but my point is that the Texas Board of
         | Professional Engineers would be the one to determine things
         | like this, and I see no way that that board (a "self-directed
         | semi-independent agency of the State of Texas") would be
         | discontinued under the Sunset Commission.
         | 
         | Therefore, I don't see how that mechanism could be use to cut
         | down on this specific type of abuse.
         | 
         | [1] The current laws are at
         | https://engineers.texas.gov/downloads/enf_pub.pdf .
         | 
         | > Except as provided by Subsection (f), a person may not,
         | unless the person holds a license issued under this chapter,
         | directly or indirectly use or cause to be used as a
         | professional, business, or commercial identification, title,
         | name, representation, claim, asset, or means of advantage or
         | benefit any of, or a variation or abbreviation of, the
         | following terms:(1) "engineer";(2) "professional engineer";(3)
         | "licensed engineer";(4) "registered engineer";(5) "registered
         | professional engineer";(6) "licensed professional engineer"; or
         | (7) "engineered." ...
         | 
         | > (f) Notwithstanding the other provisions of this chapter, a
         | regular employee of a business entity who is engaged in
         | engineering activities but is exempt from the licensing
         | requirements of this chapter under Sections 1001.057 or
         | 1001.058 is not prohibited from using the term "engineer" on a
         | business card, cover letter, or other form of correspondence
         | that is made available to the public if the person does not:
         | (1) offer to the public to perform engineering services; or (2)
         | use the title in any context outside the scope of the exemption
         | in a manner that represents an ability or willingness to
         | perform engineering services or make an engineering judgment
         | requiring a licensed professional engineer.
         | 
         | It looks like (f) was added 20 years ago, and it allows someone
         | to say they are a software engineer on a business card.
         | Exception (f) does not allow a non-licensed engineer to say
         | they are an engineer when an expert witness in a court case.
        
         | breck wrote:
         | I wonder if all laws should have such a thing.
        
           | foolinaround wrote:
           | I would suggest that for laws, it should be the other way
           | around.
           | 
           | The longer a law has been in place, more care needs to be
           | taken in changing it. (not that it should not be changed )
        
             | AbrahamParangi wrote:
             | Exponential backoff but for laws
        
           | lsaferite wrote:
           | They should.
        
         | nickthemagicman wrote:
         | This is great! Should really apply to laws as well.
        
         | bushbaba wrote:
         | CPUC exists to regulate electric companies. However it's
         | corrupt and is a pawn of the electric companies.
         | 
         | Realistically a law that requires a majority vote to continue
         | the agency is better. That way if something in government
         | cannot muster say 60% of the vote. It's abolished.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | That's very good.
         | 
         | I would like to see the feds do similar with executive offices.
         | 
         | I'd also like to see these for charities
         | 
         | I'd also like to see it for non-profits.
         | 
         | Often their original intent or charter does not reflect their
         | current state.
         | 
         | Often it's inertia and people wanting to perpetuate these
         | organizations that keep them going morphing them beyond their
         | original intent.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | So when is ERCOT's tenure due? Moste useless of the useless.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | 2022-2023: https://www.sunset.texas.gov/reviews-and-
           | reports/agencies/pu...
           | 
           | Texas Leg passed legislation in 2011 to have ERCOT reviewed
           | whenever the PUC (its regulator) is reviewed:
           | https://www.sunset.texas.gov/reviews-and-
           | reports/agencies/el...
        
           | hhfnkyfvj wrote:
           | This isn't Reddit, you can keep the little "clever" quips to
           | yourself.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Thanks. I was confused what website I was using. I'm pretty
             | sure there's an HN rule about not telling people this isn't
             | reddit: "Please don't post comments saying that HN is
             | turning into Reddit. It's a semi-noob illusion, as old as
             | the hills."
        
               | greesil wrote:
               | It has become more political in the past year I've
               | noticed. Oh well. And the same arguments over and over
               | and over and over.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | ERCOT has been all in the news for the wrong reason this
               | year. Most obvious was the snowpocalypse back in
               | February. During the fall out of that, the ERCOT board
               | went through personnel changes for various reasons. Now,
               | we're being told by ERCOT that we have to once again
               | limit our electricity use because of their mismanagement
               | of resources. It's Texas. It gets hot during the summer
               | causing people to use their AC units. It doesn't take a
               | rocket scientist or even an HN level hacker to understand
               | that a basic management decision would be to ensure your
               | electricity production would be up to the task. If this
               | isn't worth of discussion, then what is?
        
               | greesil wrote:
               | Sorry, I meant in general in HN, not anything specific to
               | Texas.
        
       | MisterBastahrd wrote:
       | "North Carolina tells non-professional engineer that he can't
       | present expert witness testimony because he isn't an expert by
       | either legal or professional standards" isn't as catchy, I guess.
       | 
       | I wonder if this org is just fine with non-CPAs handling their
       | finances.
        
       | stevespang wrote:
       | Hope the I of J files suit against Texas soon enough, for years
       | the State of Texas board has been sending nasty letters to anyone
       | who uses the word "engineer" on their business card, web page,
       | sign, etc. that you have to pay up to them, and take and pass
       | some grade school exam in order to be able to use the word
       | engineer.
       | 
       | Software engineers in Texas all have given up using that title.
        
       | mkl95 wrote:
       | Useless bureaucracy hinders innovation and progress.
       | 
       | I live in Spain where engineering is very regulated. This results
       | in some engineers spending 6+ years in university to gain the
       | same status as their international peers who studied for 3 or 4
       | years.
       | 
       | There's no point in enforcing this other than collecting fees to
       | pay the salaries of people who don't really do anything.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | There is a point to enforcing it, but sometimes it is way
         | overdone.
         | 
         | It is a license to speak truth about a profession and perform
         | it. Making bullshit illegal. It works for certain professions
         | where the individual can be a commodity and the customer can't
         | reliably determine the trust themselves.
         | 
         | When you're designing bridges or homes or public
         | infrastructure, a lot of times it can be very difficult to pick
         | a good expert (which is necessary, these things can screw up
         | and end lives and waste billions), so you have professional
         | organizations which do the verification for you. Somebody else
         | makes the "hiring decision" which is fine.
         | 
         | But if you lose focus of what the purpose is, you get
         | bureaucratic zealots who follow regulations without any
         | attention to what they are for.
        
           | deftnerd wrote:
           | You do make a good point. It makes me think of the occasional
           | video of a registered nurse standing in front of a City
           | Council saying things like vaccines cause Autism, or the
           | COVID-19 vaccine has tracking chips in it.
           | 
           | Seeing that makes me think that they should lose their
           | license, which goes against the feeling I feel in this
           | engineers case.
           | 
           | That makes me worry that I'm making my decision based on if I
           | think what they're saying is correct or not, not if they
           | should have the right to say it.
        
             | ghoward wrote:
             | Should the nurses lose their license if there is an element
             | of truth to what they are saying? For example, vaccines
             | probably don't _cause_ autism, but it 's possible they
             | could be an aggravating factor. Further research necessary.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | >Further research necessary.
               | 
               | The autism link to vaccines isn't at the "further
               | research necessary" stage, it is at the "not absolutely
               | impossible but much evidence against" stage.
               | 
               | The only reason the link exists at all is that vaccines
               | and first signs of autism can happen at similar times and
               | often a vaccine will make a person/small child briefly
               | feel unwell which gets pointed to as a "first sign"
               | because humans find patterns where there aren't any and
               | want something, anything to blame instead of not knowing.
        
             | DangitBobby wrote:
             | Why should they lose their license? They don't need to
             | understand the mechanics of vaccines or immunity to be a
             | proficient nurse, as long as the standard of care they
             | provide follows recommendations and they listen to the
             | doctors around them regarding patient care.
             | 
             | What benefit is there? One fewer person in a critical role
             | due to an incredibly punitive decision is obvious downside.
             | It's like sending someone to jail for a speeding ticket.
             | Absolute fucking madness.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | The nurse was using their profession as a credential in
               | order to give dubious healthcare advice, this is a strong
               | signal that they may be giving other equally questionable
               | advice in their professional setting which is a risk to
               | the patients they are supposed to be serving and a
               | liability to their employer.
        
               | corin_ wrote:
               | The benefit would be if the downside of having one fewer
               | person doing that work is less than the downside of
               | multiple people hearing wrong advice from someone whose
               | license implies they won't talk nonsense about
               | healthcare.
               | 
               | I've no clue myself where the line should be drawn, but
               | there's at least a debate to be had (by people who
               | understand the scenarios a lot better than me). For
               | example, would you say the same about a nurse who tells
               | every patient they see that smoking cigarettes is the
               | best way to prevent cancer, even if apart from constantly
               | saying that they were doing a fine job in other areas?
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | Well, is she advising her patients not to get vaccines?
               | Because then she's not following the guidelines for
               | standard of care.
        
               | corin_ wrote:
               | Ok, edit my hypothetical person to not advising their
               | patients, but standing at the hospital entrance after
               | their shift telling all other patients that cigarettes
               | are good for you.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | But that's not what's happening either. Why don't we
               | represent the reality with itself. She's expressing an
               | idea publicly that she thinks is important for public
               | safety. She is not hurting her patients by doing this.
               | Idiots are dangerous, but the cure is worse than the
               | disease, if the cure is to destroy people for non-
               | violently expressing their concerns genuinely doing what
               | they believe is in the best interest of the community.
               | 
               | I'm not going to pretend to have an answer for what we
               | should do about people like her, but I do know that
               | destroying their lives (squashing _genuine, well meaning_
               | dissent) is not the answer.
        
               | corin_ wrote:
               | Right, as I said in my first comment I don't consider
               | myself able to judge where the line should be drawn
               | regarding this real person, so I created a hypothetical
               | person to see if you still believed it would be
               | ridiculous to fire any nurse for anything they say
               | outside work hours.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | Yes, if she's giving her patients bad medical advice that
               | goes contrary to accepted best practices then she should
               | be asked to stop or find work elsewhere. And if she's
               | standing in the hallway doing the same with people who
               | aren't her patients she could probably be safely fired
               | for being a nuisance. There are appropriate public forums
               | for disagreement and in the hallway of your hospital is
               | probably not it.
        
               | morelisp wrote:
               | Your honest view is that if a nurse is committing medical
               | malpractice the furthest extent of punishment should be
               | "find work elsewhere"?
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | You are using quite an uncharitable interpretation of
               | what I actually said. Elsewhere being not necessarily a
               | hospital, in this case, but at best a hospital that
               | agrees with her medical advice.
               | 
               | Or are you proposing that she be thrown on the streets,
               | jailed, exhiled, or executed? What do you propose? I too
               | can be uncharitable but that probably doesn't lead to
               | productive conversation.
        
             | colechristensen wrote:
             | I think the key is what you get to say while claiming "I am
             | an X, therefore (implicitly) trust what I say"
             | 
             | Whether it's a medical professional, architect, engineer,
             | etc., I don't have a problem with the speech and actions of
             | a person being regulated by a professional organization
             | while they are claiming to be of that profession. i.e.
             | legally protecting the term
             | doctor/nurse/engineer/lawyer/etc. is just fine.
             | 
             | If you are not, you need to make it clear that you are
             | indeed not a licensed professional.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | The difference is that one of those is not like the
               | others. There really is no such thing as an unlicensed
               | (medical) doctor, nurse, or lawyer. While most engineers
               | are not licensed as such--and PEs don't even exist for
               | many branches of engineering. Of course, they can't say
               | they're PEs if they're not but there really isn't a
               | default assumption, aside from perhaps in civil
               | engineering, that an engineer asserting expertise in
               | something is licensed.
        
               | jbay808 wrote:
               | In Canada it's more like the former -- you aren't allowed
               | to even call yourself an engineer unless you have a P.
               | Eng.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Fair enough. I was talking US where PEs are fairly rare
               | outside of civil engineering and other subsets of
               | engineering that deal with regulatory bodies a lot.
               | 
               | Generally in the US engineer is used pretty loosely. Some
               | states are stricter. But even those who are, like
               | apparently Texas, my first-hand experience is that most
               | people don't pay much attention.
        
         | HWR_14 wrote:
         | Engineering licenses aren't about innovation or progress.
         | They're about making sure that the same lessons aren't
         | constantly relearned at great cost to customers and society.
        
           | coupdejarnac wrote:
           | Pretty much. If an engineer is in a bubble of software
           | engineering, it's easy to forget there are other engineering
           | professions where a lack of ethics or a poor understanding of
           | engineering gets people killed or causes damage. For most of
           | the people here on HN, getting a license doesn't really
           | matter much- they fall under the umbrella exception, so they
           | can call themselves engineers. The license indicates some
           | floor of engineering competency, which I think is fair. I
           | can't speak for other engineering disciplines, but I aced the
           | computer engineering exam with minimal preparation and sleep.
           | Having 50% fail rates is not uncommon for these exams- do
           | people really want engineers with a bad grasp of the basics
           | making critical design decisions?
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | Software gets people killed and causes huge amounts of
             | damage, too. However, software developers are protected
             | legally and socially from liability for their actions.
             | 
             | Hence the one-sided nature of the comments here.
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | Licensing boards are for one thing - to issue licenses. If the
       | government further wants to require a license for working on
       | government project, fine.
       | 
       | But to decide a license is needed for anything other than
       | "advertising you have a license" is perverted. Some government
       | official who wants to _control_ people, not keep them safe and
       | organized. Its all about power I guess.
        
       | underseacables wrote:
       | North Carolina is notorious for this behavior. They tried to tell
       | a man He could not talk with friends about his diabetes, and
       | recommend foods they should eat. They were sued and had to
       | settle. The state tried to say that only a dentist can do teeth
       | whitening. They were sued (by the FTC) and lost. You should not
       | need a license to talk with another individual about whatever you
       | want. Should this man be allowed to testify in court without a
       | license? Absolutely. It's up to the court to decide his
       | credibility and expertise, and allow it or disallow it. Not a
       | government board.
        
       | ramshanker wrote:
       | It's a US thing I believe . In india, I don't need to obtain any
       | license to sign my Structural Engineering drawings. In my
       | organisation, EIL, a public sector EPC enterprise under
       | Government of India, you become signing authority on drawings
       | with approx 15 years of experience. Thats it. For expert witness
       | in courts, I have heard only Collage Professors considered.
        
         | SeanLuke wrote:
         | > It's a US thing I believe
         | 
         | It is a great many countries.
        
       | phasetransition wrote:
       | I'm curious to see where this goes. In my personal experience, it
       | is standard practice to need/be requested to submit designs for
       | review by a PE, if you aren't one.
       | 
       | I was originally trained as a materials engineer, and nearly 20
       | years ago there was no clear PE exam to take for that discipline,
       | so I never considered getting one.
       | 
       | Today, I wouldn't want to be encumbered with the E&O insurance
       | and other restrictions of a PE, and I would have to review
       | extensively to pass the test.
       | 
       | In my professional experience, it has always been nice to have a
       | 3rd party look over your design, and the expense is of no
       | consequence if the customer/law require the review.
       | 
       | For a legal case, I'm not surprised that the barrier of entry for
       | expert testimony might be a PE.
       | 
       | I'd be interested to understand from a lawyer here on HN what the
       | extent of protected speech is in a courtroom situation.
        
       | blunte wrote:
       | Of course it's corporate corruption of government that is driving
       | this case.
       | 
       | "he is an engineer at heart and speaks up when he sees people
       | make what he believes to be engineering mistakes. He has written
       | letters to state and county governments and testified before a
       | county commission. But Wayne's troubles began when he when he
       | agreed to help his son, Kyle, a North Carolina attorney, with a
       | case about a piping system that allegedly flooded a few local
       | homes"
       | 
       | If he were telling lies, he would be legally accountable to the
       | individuals or companies that his lies harmed. That would
       | probably be an easy case to bring against him to stop him from
       | telling lies. But this approach of trying to silence him on
       | grounds of not technically being an engineer shows plainly that
       | he is telling enough truth that he wouldn't be accountable for
       | lying and causing harm.
       | 
       | Cases like this are probably common, although the methods of
       | silencing vary from situation to situation. While the US may not
       | be as corrupt as many other countries, it still has a significant
       | amount which ultimately harms the general public and certainly
       | harms the few individuals that find themselves on the wrong side
       | of a corrupt authority.
        
       | insaneirish wrote:
       | I can imagine the Board's overreach being applied to teaching
       | engineering as well. All my engineering professors certainly had
       | PhDs in engineering (or similar). Yet few if any of them had a PE
       | license.
       | 
       | Would they be prohibited from testifying as well? Or what if the
       | Board claims classroom activities are too close to 'practicing'
       | engineering for their comfort?
        
         | chiph wrote:
         | And since this fellow spent probably 30+ years as a practicing
         | engineer, I would think his experience counts for more than
         | someone who got their PE the previous week.
        
           | flenserboy wrote:
           | Credentialism lifts up and empowers the mediocre while
           | cutting off discussion. This results in sclerotic professions
           | and oversight authorities which cannot adapt to changing
           | conditions, usually causing far more and worse long-term
           | damage than any short-term issues they prevent. I can only
           | speak for the US, but look around -- this is a real issue in
           | medicine, law, and most anywhere you look, and the problem
           | has been accelerated by the sheer number of college/grad
           | degrees given out like candy the last 20 years.
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | > the problem has been accelerated by the sheer number of
             | college/grad degrees given out like candy the last 20 years
             | 
             | At least in medicine this isn't the case; the AMA
             | effectively limits the number of positions available. The
             | ratio of doctors to patients has hence been steadily
             | decreasing over the past few decades.
        
               | flenserboy wrote:
               | You're right on that -- I was thinking more (and should
               | have specified) supporting professions, such as
               | dietitians.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | This hasn't been true for decades... it's one of those
               | "Internet Talking Points" that gets repeated ad nauseam
               | but just isn't true..
               | 
               | The AMA lobbies intensely _for_ more residency spots and
               | more medical schools and has since at least the debate
               | over the ACA.
        
               | porknubbins wrote:
               | Why aren't there any more medical schools then? I believe
               | professional schools (law, MBA etc) are historically very
               | profitable for universities so they are (or were)
               | incentivized to open even mediocre ones.
        
       | mcguire wrote:
       | Two complaints: All of the articles I can find are copies of the
       | IJ release. And the title is click-bait.
       | 
       | It appears from the IJ's "details" (https://ij.org/case/nc-
       | engineering-speech/)that Nutt is a chemical engineer. (" _Wayne
       | Nutt spent over 37 years as a practicing engineer, mostly working
       | for the DuPont corporation in North Carolina. In that time, he
       | worked with a variety of different technologies and designed and
       | built a variety of things, including pipes for transportation of
       | fluid, while developing deep expertise in chemical engineering
       | and technology._ ")
       | 
       | He provided expert testimony on a water drainage issue. ("
       | _Wayne's trouble started when he volunteered to testify as an
       | expert witness in a case his son, an attorney, was litigating.
       | The case involved a piping system in a housing development that
       | allegedly caused flooding in nearby areas, and Wayne, who had
       | designed plenty of pipes in his day, volunteered to testify about
       | the volume of fluid that pipe could be expected to carry._ ")
       | 
       | Then, " _After Wayne testified truthfully that he was not (and
       | never had been) a licensed engineer, the lawyers for the
       | defendant threatened to report him to the North Carolina Board of
       | Examiners for Engineers and Surveyors. Wayne didn't take the
       | threat seriously; he wasn't designing anything or building
       | anything, he was just offering his opinion about something that
       | might have happened in the past._ "
       | 
       | Offering expert testimony appears to fall under the definition of
       | "practice of engineering"
       | (https://codes.findlaw.com/nc/chapter-89c-engineering-and-
       | lan...). " _The practice of engineering in North Carolina for
       | projects or testimony impacting the public in North Carolina
       | requires that the individual and company must be licensed in
       | North Carolina. ... Our Board considers that any testimony that
       | requires engineering knowledge to adequately provide and to
       | protect the public falls with the definition of the practice of
       | engineering and requires a NC PE license._ " (https://ij.org/wp-
       | content/uploads/2021/06/NC_Engineering_ema...)
       | 
       | The court appears to have allowed him to provide the expert
       | testimony, but the Board is doing what it does.
       | 
       | There's not much to see here; no one except the IJ is saying
       | anything about "he can't talk about engineering"---the topic in
       | question is expert testimony and I don't think federal courts are
       | going to regard that as some form of protected speech in this
       | situation.
        
       | VictorPath wrote:
       | The retired "engineer" can talk about engineering, he just can't
       | present expert witness in a trial.
       | 
       | Also, he was never licensed as an engineer, it's not as if his
       | engineering license lapsed after testimony.
       | 
       | You can throw out all expert testimony in the US if you wish, I
       | guess that would put CSI out of business.
        
       | the_lonely_road wrote:
       | What a fascinating case. There are so many details in such a
       | short articles that is each worth its own discussion!
       | 
       | Let's start with my personally theory that hopefully won't color
       | all of the conversation about the individual points. This guy
       | pissed off some people and those people are using their petty
       | power to make his life hell. It's like the 10's of thousands of
       | people jaywalking without issue and then the homeless guy that
       | gets arrested for jaw walking. We all know that's not why he was
       | arrested but the law is clear, he was breaking the law, and they
       | enforced it. So the individual incident dots it's I's and crosses
       | it's t's as long as you don't bring up the dreaded 'uneven
       | enforcement' issue which is at the heart of everything wrong with
       | the law in America. I have no evidence for the theory but it
       | makes sense with the multiple issues involving this guy mentioned
       | in such a short article.
       | 
       | Next interesting point. Is giving a speech about how to treat a
       | broken bone considered 'practicing medicine'? Who gets to decide
       | the answer. Is a PHD candidate writing an exploration of the
       | efficacy of the various methods for treating a migraine
       | practicing medicine? What if he's selling copies of his paper on
       | the checkout counter at the drug store? I use medicine instead of
       | engineering because I think it's easier to discuss but the point
       | should hold the same regardless of which licensed profession we
       | are discussing.
       | 
       | Shit I have to run but hope to return to this conversation to
       | discuss the other fun questions raised.
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | What is engineering other than expressing an opinion?
         | 
         | Engineers are trained to have expert opinions.
         | 
         | They are expected to consider all relevant factors.
         | 
         | In AEC the relevant factors include compliance with relevant
         | laws and rules such as the building codes and all the documents
         | incorporated by reference.
         | 
         | It is a matter of life safety and the regulation of
         | construction is at least as old as the Code of Hammurabi...it
         | predates the first amendment by three millennia.
         | 
         | In that context an unlicensed person holding themselves out as
         | an expert in engineering has disregarded a basic
         | responsibility, they have ignored a relevant legal requirement:
         | their license.
         | 
         | This raises a legitimate concern. What other corners might they
         | have cut for their own benefit?
         | 
         | Because ignoring licensure is to no one's benefit but the
         | person doing so. It is a violation of the trust people expect
         | when engaging with engineers. The trust that the engineer will
         | be objective in relevant matters.
         | 
         | Licensing engineers is why you don't worry when you drive
         | across a bridge...or under one. Or go up a tall building or
         | stand next to it. It's why collapsed bridges are news.
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | No, an engineer without a Professional Engineer license is
           | not "cutting corners". They most likely just don't do the
           | type of work that requires getting a PE.
           | 
           | The article says 80% of engineers are working without a
           | license. From experience, this is especially true for
           | electrical engineering. Someone designing a building's
           | electrical system would have a PE to sign off on plans (or be
           | working under someone with a PE). But someone doing embedded
           | design would not, because there is a completely different
           | approval process for consumer/industrial products - we test
           | rather than simply asserting products are safe because they
           | were designed by a PE.
           | 
           | Without a PE, I am still an engineer. I can say I am an
           | engineer, because "engineer" is not a protected title
           | anywhere in the US. I can speak authoritatively on
           | engineering topics, because I have vast technical knowledge.
           | My opinions on topics I know little about (eg civil
           | engineering) will be tempered with "I think", because knowing
           | one area really well, I am aware of how much I _do not_ know
           | in other areas. Whether anyone chooses to listen to anything
           | I say is their own choice.
           | 
           | What I cannot do is sign off on plans for permits, solicit
           | business that would generally require signing off on plans
           | for permits, or anything else that _specifically requires_ a
           | PE license. Those requirements are in legal force due to the
           | product delivered (eg a bridge requisitioned by the state, a
           | house which needs a building permit) and are not generally
           | applicable for all engineering activity.
           | 
           | There also is the related issue that _everybody_ has the
           | right to technically criticize a situation if they have done
           | the work to make their case. Only a licensed Professional
           | Engineer has the ability to say a bridge is safe, but _we
           | all_ have the right to claim that it is unsafe.
        
             | brudgers wrote:
             | The person subject to the complaint prepared stormwater
             | calculations and submitted it as evidence in a legal
             | proceeding.
             | 
             | The letter that person received from the board is linked in
             | the article.
             | 
             | It states the person is charged and gives them the
             | opportunity for a written response.
             | 
             | Civil engineering typically requires a PE.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | Engineering generally refers to _design and building_ ,
               | of which analysis is a single part. So it's not
               | immediately apparent that Nutt was practicing engineering
               | at all.
               | 
               | It's more accurate to say that the kind of projects civil
               | engineers work on generally end up requiring a PE, as a
               | condition of actually being built. Small time civil
               | engineering in your own backyard does not require a PE -
               | eg improving drainage, setting up a windmill, building a
               | chicken coop, etc.
               | 
               | Prohibiting people from applying mathematical formulas in
               | court arguments because doing so is "engineering" is a
               | dangerous idea. If you're fighting a speeding ticket, is
               | it "engineering" to independently calculate your speed by
               | measuring the time between two points?
               | 
               | Ultimately if the stormwater calculations are complex
               | enough that the court is unable to follow them itself,
               | then it is up to the court to disregard his testimony
               | because he is not a professional engineer with a
               | trustable opinion. That would be a perfectly reasonable
               | outcome here.
               | 
               | But what the state board is attempting to do is to
               | prohibit anybody from examining technicalities without
               | the right license. That's the path to closed society
               | madness.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | Nutt provided expert testimony as an engineer. That is
               | legally defined as "practicing engineering".
               | 
               | https://ij.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/2021/06/NC_Engineering_ema...
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | That link is simply the North Carolina license board's
               | position statement. They're the defendants in this case,
               | for attempting to claim such overbroad authority.
               | 
               | Nutt's position is that their claim conflicts with his
               | first amendment right to free speech, specifically his
               | right to state his opinion on technical matters.
               | 
               | I agree with Nutt. NC is effectively attempting to
               | criminalize my ability to represent myself in court and
               | many other areas of society (enumerated in a sibling
               | comment) - due to having the "regulated knowledge" of
               | engineering, I would be unable to state my opinion, and
               | would instead have to hire a PE that concurs with me
               | simply to express my own opinion.
        
               | brudgers wrote:
               | Here the practice of engineering is specifically set out
               | in statute, regulation, and legal precedent. As are the
               | duties of the board, its process, penalties for
               | violations, and appeals processes.
               | 
               | The board is investigating a case based on its authority.
               | The authority exists via democratic process originating
               | with the legislative process and state constitution.
               | 
               | The regulation of engineering is within the scope of the
               | states per the US Constitution and established legal
               | precedent.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | You didn't address the substantive part of my comment.
               | Straightforwardly under the regime you've described,
               | individuals are not only prevented from, but can be
               | actively _punished_ for:
               | 
               | 1. Using mathematical formulas to demonstrate facts, such
               | as pointing out that speed can be calculated by distance
               | over time.
               | 
               | 2. Pointing out how a red light camera fails to meet
               | required implementation details.
               | 
               | 3. Pointing out how a bridge is unsafe.
               | 
               | 4. Pointing out that an expert witness is glaringly
               | wrong.
               | 
               | 5. Comment on the details of a public proposal.
               | 
               | Nutt's case is analogous to 3. Nutt did not design the
               | stormwater system. He is critiquing it for a poor design.
               | In an open society, that is everyone's right. The court
               | can choose to find his reasoning lacking or simply non-
               | understandable, but he shouldn't then be getting attacked
               | for having spoken his opinion.
               | 
               | Errors and disagreements are common in engineering, as in
               | any art, and so any honest engineer should be worried
               | about criminalizing debate. Given enough eyeballs, all
               | bugs are shallow.
               | 
               | Licensure boards can be notoriously aggressive, which is
               | why this case is getting attention. Furthermore, state-
               | chartered entities are commonly over scoped because
               | they're really just extensions of the state executive,
               | with only court cases to push back on them. Your argument
               | from status quo is uncompelling.
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | He claims that this all supported by precedent (and the
               | US Constitution itself!), without citing any of the
               | precedent.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | jbluepolarbear wrote:
           | Why is a license more important than skill and experience? So
           | you'll trust a person that's failed the license multiple
           | times, is barely able to do the job, and has a history of
           | failing at their job because they have a license? Because
           | those issues still happen with licensed professionals. A
           | license doesn't prove aptitude, it just proves you passed a
           | test. I've met multiple structural engineers that relied
           | heavily on computer software for validation because they
           | couldn't understand calculus
        
             | brudgers wrote:
             | The person without a license who is doing something that
             | requires a license is not taking full responsibility for
             | what they are doing.
             | 
             | They are doing something that is only to their own benefit
             | in a context where other people's lives are at stake.
             | 
             | Quite simply it is unprofessional. A person without a
             | license can hire a licensed professional for oversight.
             | That's the responsible thing to do.
             | 
             | In the US, engineering licensure requires supervised
             | experience, testing, and typically (but not always) formal
             | education at the bachelor level.
             | 
             | One requirement of professional practice is not working
             | beyond one's competence irrespective of having a license
             | and engineering boards take that seriously.
             | 
             | I guess that's the thing, an unlicensed person doing
             | unsupervised work requiring a license is some combination
             | of incompetent, unqualified, or negligent.
             | 
             | To put it another way, licensure ensures that a person has
             | a minimum amount of skill, training, and experience. And
             | that they take responsibility.
        
           | antiterra wrote:
           | 1. This particular engineer worked legally as an engineer for
           | DuPontt due to an industrial exception and was not required
           | to license. There was no corner cut.
           | 
           | 2. There is some precedent implying a free speech concern:
           | https://reason.com/2019/01/02/judge-confirms-that-oregon-
           | eng...
        
             | brudgers wrote:
             | My understanding is the events that sparked the
             | investigation were outside of the subject's
             | workplace/employment. Hence "retired."
             | 
             | The preponderance of precedent favors the board's concerns
             | and right to investigate.
             | 
             | Being slightly familiar with North Carolina professional
             | regulations, I suspect this holds true at the state level
             | in particular.
             | 
             | The legal argument is inconsistent. It claims that the
             | regulations don't apply because the regulations apply via
             | the industrial exemption in the regulations...never mind
             | the retired.
        
               | antiterra wrote:
               | The first point addressed the suggest that any engineer
               | who didn't get their license must be suspect and is
               | cheating the rules.
               | 
               | You seem to have missed the legal argument in the Oregon
               | case which had nothing to do with an industrial
               | exemption.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | " _The first point addressed the suggest that any
               | engineer who didn't get their license_ and testified as
               | an engineering expert witness _must be suspect and is
               | cheating the rules._ "
               | 
               | Nutt became required to get a license when he began
               | practicing engineering outside the "industrial
               | exception".
        
         | hliyan wrote:
         | This is why the _letter of the law_ is so important,
         | paradoxically. It is never good to have unreasonable /archaic
         | laws in the book and have law enforcement look the other way.
         | Since almost everyone ends up breaking them, it allows law
         | enforcement to basically charge any selected person. Such laws
         | should be struck off the book. I believe in Latin, this is
         | called _Lex malla, lex nulla_ - roughly translates to  "No law
         | is better than bad law".
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | You can make a legal argument that an archaic law suddenly
           | being punitively enforced is a _dead letter_.
        
           | _nalply wrote:
           | Correct would be _lex mala, lex nulla_ (omit one L).
        
             | Aeolun wrote:
             | This is weird. Even I can see that it seems to say nothing
             | but:
             | 
             | Bad law, no law.
             | 
             | Does latin have an implied 'better than' in sequences?
        
           | dankboys wrote:
           | The uk has a lot of these when it comes to speech and there
           | are some fantastic examples
        
           | antognini wrote:
           | "To my friends, everything; to my enemies, the law."
           | 
           | -- Oscar Benavides
        
           | ReptileMan wrote:
           | This is literally MO of every totalitarian government - make
           | it impossible to not be a law breaker, so we can arrest you
           | at anytime.
        
             | comicjk wrote:
             | I don't think that's necessarily true. This is a trick for
             | working around the rule of law, but totalitarian
             | governments don't need that subtlety. They have dummy
             | courts and full control over what's legal. To take the most
             | extreme example, Nazis didn't pass harsh jaywalking laws
             | and then use them on Jews; they actively made laws against
             | Jews.
        
         | dotancohen wrote:
         | > It's like the 10's of thousands of people jaywalking without
         | > issue and then the homeless guy that gets arrested for jaw
         | walking.
         | 
         | I'll take the opportunity to branch OT. This selective
         | enforcement has always been such a problem, has there ever been
         | any attempt - anywhere - to address it? Such that if a citizen
         | can demonstrate selective enforcement he can also be absolved
         | of the same crimes that the rest of the population is absolved
         | of?
        
           | joshuaissac wrote:
           | > Such that if a citizen can demonstrate selective
           | enforcement he can also be absolved of the same crimes that
           | the rest of the population is absolved of?
           | 
           | A judge in London gave a convicted drug user a conditional
           | discharge following the former Lord Chancellor admitting to
           | using the same drug. Not a precedent-setting case, however.
           | 
           | https://www.legalcheek.com/2019/06/judge-tells-cocaine-
           | user-...
        
           | Swenrekcah wrote:
           | Just the concept of "jaywalking" as a punishable offense is
           | revolting to me.
        
             | xf1cf wrote:
             | Ignoring the ford conspiracies how exactly should
             | jaywalking be treated then? It's both a danger to the
             | drivers and the people.
             | 
             | We can't get rid of cars and streets. That cat is over a
             | hundred years outside of the bag. It's moved on, had it's
             | own family, and died.
             | 
             | Jaywalking as a punishable offense makes sense to me at
             | least. The level of punishment is often excessive
             | certainly. $250 fine for stepping onto the street is far
             | too much for a first offense (but perhaps for a habitual
             | jaywalker it makes sense). Hell, I'm guilty of doing it a
             | lot in my exurb area. However, when I do it it's because
             | there's 2 miles between posted crosswalks and I make sure I
             | can cross safely before trying. There aren't enough
             | crosswalks - certainly.
             | 
             | Jaywalking laws create important predictability. I can
             | assume that the average civilian is deterred by jaywalking
             | law enough to not randomly step out onto the street at
             | will. This means I can anticipate them only at crosswalks
             | and intersections. You're already busy dodging drivers
             | distracted with doing anything but driving (makeup,
             | listening to podcasts, eating, reading a book, etc). If we
             | didn't have these laws the risk to driving would be much
             | higher. Many people think humans stand no chance against
             | cars, but one errant jaywalker going through a car window
             | can kill everyone in the vehicle given sufficient enough
             | velocity. It's important to remember a 45 mph impact on a
             | ~125-200 pound human carries with it tremendous momentum.
             | Assuming they don't go through the car window, that same
             | flying body can do lethal damage to law abiding people
             | walking on the sidewalks.
             | 
             | The UK doesn't have jaywalking laws. I understand that. But
             | the UK is far more "walkable". The US is by-and-large not.
             | Especially as you get into "normal" towns and not major
             | metros like LA and NYC. I would be willing to agree
             | jaywalking laws need to be done away with if the US was
             | more walkable.
        
               | cloverich wrote:
               | Alternatively we could amend jaywalking to only be an
               | offense if the act directly impedes drivers. That is,
               | always legal to cross when safe. It more reflects the
               | spirit of the law, eliminates bad (cop) behavior, and
               | still allows fining bad pedestrian behavior. It's how
               | cars are regulated after all -- you can turn through a
               | cross walk with it's walk sign on as long as there's no
               | pedestrians. So maybe right if way yielding lawns would
               | work equally well for pedestrians and cars.
        
             | marcus_holmes wrote:
             | I find the handing over of personal responsibility for my
             | safety to be alarming.
             | 
             | If I'm about to cross the road, I am perfectly capable of
             | deciding when it's safe or not. If the light is red but
             | there's no traffic, it's safe to cross.
             | 
             | If I'm standing at a crossing and the light is green,
             | meaning that I can walk, but there's a car out of control
             | heading down the road (or an ambulance with its sirens on,
             | etc) then it's not safe to cross, regardless of the green
             | light.
             | 
             | I'm living in Germany at the moment, and you definitely get
             | angry looks and comments for crossing when the light is red
             | (especially if there are children around - because teaching
             | kids to think for themselves and take personal
             | responsibility for their safety is bad?). I find it all
             | very weird.
        
               | Swenrekcah wrote:
               | Regarding the angry looks with kids around, they aren't
               | able to judge the speed, distance or even direction (of
               | sound) of an approaching car nearly as well as us before
               | the age of 8 or 10.
               | 
               | So it's prudent to instil in them a respect for the
               | rules. Then when they're teenagers they'll automatically
               | rebel and learn about personal responsibility :)
        
             | antognini wrote:
             | There is a bill (AB 1238) in the California Legislature
             | that will legalize jaywalking: https://leginfo.legislature.
             | ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml...
             | 
             | It passed the Assembly and is going to the State Senate
             | now.
        
             | benrbray wrote:
             | The term "jaywalking" is intentional slander of pedestrians
             | popularized by car manufacturing companies who were hell-
             | bent on subjugating American cities to the automobile.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.vox.com/2015/1/15/7551873/jaywalking-
             | history
             | 
             | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_streetcar_
             | consp...
             | 
             | [3] (Not Just Bikes)
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWsGBRdK2N0
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > Just the concept of "jaywalking" as a punishable offense
             | is revolting to me.
             | 
             | It's a required compromise to allow pedestrians and high-
             | speed automobile traffic to coexist. This unfairly-dead
             | comment has a good discussion:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27561530
             | 
             | Get rid of it, and you'll either have more pedestrians
             | getting run over (e.g. some distracted guy on his cell
             | phone accidentially rushing out in front of some car,
             | getting killed in the process and traumatizing some driver)
             | or you'll have to lower speed limits, which would make
             | longer-distance travel more inefficient and inconvenient.
        
               | dotancohen wrote:
               | Just a note for those unfamiliar with the concept of dead
               | posts: To read that post you need to enable "showdead" or
               | something with a similar name in your profile page.
        
               | rdiddly wrote:
               | "Distracted walking" is pretty well discredited as a
               | deadly scourge to society. Also, walking is travel, and
               | restricting walking already makes travel more inefficient
               | and inconvenient. So I'm gonna go with lowering speed
               | limits.
        
               | lozenge wrote:
               | I always thought it was my desire to live that keeps me
               | from walking into traffic despite any "distractions", but
               | now I learn from you it was the threat of a $250 fine all
               | along.
        
               | dasudasu wrote:
               | It also determines who is in the wrong. Cars normally
               | have to yield to pedestrians and are usually presumed at
               | fault if they hit one. The fine is just an extension of
               | formalizing who has the right of way.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > I always thought it was my desire to live that keeps me
               | from walking into traffic despite any "distractions", but
               | now I learn from you it was the threat of a $250 fine all
               | along.
               | 
               | Actually, I don't think it's so much the fine itself but
               | the sense that not crossing at a crosswalk is "wrong."
               | The the laws against the behavior (and the penalties
               | necessary for such a law) are there mainly to create that
               | understanding.
               | 
               | Of course self-preservation is also _a_ factor, but I 'd
               | wager the behavior is more effectively inhibited when
               | it's not the _only_ factor.
        
               | Swenrekcah wrote:
               | > e.g. some distracted guy on his cell phone
               | accidentially rushing out in front of some car, getting
               | killed in the process and traumatizing some driver
               | 
               | I think this comment demonstrates the perverse value
               | system I'm commenting against. I don't mean this as an
               | insult to you, merely to point out how people have been
               | programmed to think people shouldn't be able to live in a
               | city without being terrified of their lives so we don't
               | mildly annoy drivers.
               | 
               | The scenario that would actually be likely to happen is
               | the exact opposite. A distracted driver running over and
               | killing a pedestrian that's crossing on a green light or
               | a zebra crossing. That happens very regularly.
               | 
               | Cars have no business driving faster than 15-20mph on a
               | city steet.
        
               | Agentlien wrote:
               | How is it required? In Sweden jaywalking as a crime does
               | not exist and vehicles are required to give way to
               | pedestrians crossing the street.
               | 
               | The problems you describe seem absent from my experience
               | living all my life in Sweden's second largest city with
               | plenty of pedestrians and motor vehicles crossing the
               | same streets.
        
         | erikerikson wrote:
         | Particularly in advertising providing medical advice and what
         | can be said is highly regulated.
         | 
         | For good reason too. Intravenous bleach suggested by someone we
         | trusted may have caused some real harm. It would seem
         | reasonable to remove a doctor's license to practice medicine
         | for giving such advice.
         | 
         | Of course broad scale communication is different than specific
         | testimony in court, especially from a seasoned practitioner.
        
           | teorema wrote:
           | I'm probably in the minority with this, but I think all
           | licensing laws should be abolished. Even with cases like the
           | one you describe, other mechanisms could be used to handle
           | the problem and those individuals likely at are risk for
           | doing things on their own anyway.
           | 
           | I'd say if someone took IV bleach and it caused harm, the
           | appropriate response isn't license revocation, it's a civil
           | or criminal lawsuit.
           | 
           | The past year is full of examples of the dangers of
           | regulating speech by government in the name of medical
           | safety. The FDA decision on the antibody treatment for
           | Alzheimer's provides a converse example, of how expertise can
           | be foolish.
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | > _I 'd say if someone took IV bleach and it caused harm,
             | the appropriate response isn't license revocation, it's a
             | civil or criminal lawsuit._
             | 
             | So if someone posts an article on Faceboot about the
             | benefits of injecting bleach, and their friend does it,
             | then they get criminally charged? How about our comments
             | right here for mentioning it and thereby validating it as
             | something to consider doing?
             | 
             | One of the aspects of licensing is making it so that
             | certain people's opinions can be considered trusted, with
             | corresponding liability. Your suggestions would seem to
             | create more restrictions on speech, rather than less.
             | 
             | I'm sympathetic to the goal of making licensing more fine
             | grained, but there would have to be a lot more competition
             | and dynamicness on the part of those requiring most
             | licenses (eg planning boards) for this to possibly make
             | sense.
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > I'm probably in the minority with this, but I think all
             | licensing laws should be abolished. Even with cases like
             | the one you describe, other mechanisms could be used to
             | handle the problem and those individuals likely at are risk
             | for doing things on their own anyway.
             | 
             | > I'd say if someone took IV bleach and it caused harm, the
             | appropriate response isn't license revocation, it's a civil
             | or criminal lawsuit.
             | 
             | The obvious problem with that is that it won't work: people
             | harmed by some rando who decided to play doctor may not
             | have the resources to sue, or may turn to some other
             | incompetent rando lawyer who will lose their case. It would
             | also likely to be hard to get a (now even more overworked)
             | DA to take up such a case as a criminal prosecution unless
             | there was a death or grievous bodily harm involved.
             | 
             | A lot of libertarian solutions seem to want to replace a
             | workable but imperfect systems with unworkable awkward
             | alternatives.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | drdaeman wrote:
             | I honestly hope for a framework of credibility, where
             | people vouch for others' competence on a subject. Not just
             | for licensed/protected topics but for just about anything.
             | You know, like those LinkedIn appraisals (yes, they suck
             | but they're just reflection of the society). That ages old
             | "web of trust" idea.
             | 
             | Something without any "mandatory" trusted anchors and no
             | censorship. One must be freely able to put any trust links
             | they believe they want to do, as well as decide for
             | themselves if they trust some established institutions or
             | believe everything is a hoax and decide to trust someone
             | else, say a person or organization we may call a charlatan.
             | Basically, anyone should be able to make any calculations
             | on that graph as they see fit, and use those results for
             | themselves. Just like it already happens.
             | 
             | It obviously would be incredibly broken and plagued with
             | all sort of issues, but it would reflect the society. And
             | I'm not sure how it can be made viable - no web of trust
             | except for the original one (the society itself) had ever
             | worked. It probably need some modern fads - be it dancing
             | pigs like Facebook did for their graph, or potential
             | profits of cryptocurrencies, I honestly don't know. And I
             | readily recognize it could lead to privacy problems,
             | especially given the current trend of radical ostracization
             | upon any slightest disagreement.
             | 
             | But if it somehow works (it probably won't, sadly) it could
             | be the ultimate solution to licensing boards, fake news,
             | propaganda and many other kinds of memetic storms.
             | 
             | But surely, society can't remove licensing requirements
             | before there's a viable alternative.
             | 
             | Just a random thought.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | How difficult would it be, do you think, to establish a
               | web-of-trust for those advocating the dangers of
               | vaccines? How large would that web of trust be, and how
               | many people would fall prey to it?
               | 
               | Bad money drives out good. Bad speech drives out good,
               | too.
        
               | drdaeman wrote:
               | > Bad speech drives out good, too.
               | 
               | Ah, right. I think I got it now. That's where the issue
               | is.
               | 
               | It could be that this web of trust just cannot work
               | unless it covers most of the world. If it would, I
               | believe it would be just a technical aid, a machine-coded
               | representation of an already established "organic" web of
               | trust.
               | 
               | But it must start from zero, and it cannot grow as it
               | would be lethally poisoned, becoming a place composed
               | mostly of controversial vouches. Could be very true. I
               | need to think about this.
               | 
               | One immediate thought is that even a graph of only the
               | "bad voices" (for arbitrary definition of bad) can be
               | perfectly useful, as a sort of noise ("fake news",
               | "lunacy", "bullshit" - however we want to call it)
               | filter. It's not that a web of trust spreads opinions, it
               | spreads relations to their opinions. And a signal that
               | someone vouches directly or indirectly (although
               | "vouching" is not a good term for this case) can be
               | perceived arbitrarily. So maybe it's not that bad. It may
               | be bad by reinforcing echo chambers, but it could also be
               | good in pointing out the connections, those bridges
               | between the factions where arguing is not moot.
        
               | drdaeman wrote:
               | > and how many people would fall prey to it?
               | 
               | How exactly? I could be wrong, but I believe it won't
               | make things any worse. I see three scenarios:
               | 
               | First, let's say someone is an antivaxer, already
               | subscribed to that belief. If they're reading some
               | posting, the fact that some other antivaxer vouched for
               | that post's author doesn't change much.
               | 
               | If someone had not made any opinion yet - they won't have
               | any trust connections on that matter, so if they're
               | reading an anti-vaccine posting, they won't have any
               | impact. Their query to the web of trust would say "no
               | idea, you don't have any trust anchors set on this
               | matter, go figure out whom you trust first".
               | 
               | It is only if they have a friend they trust on the
               | subject vaccines, and that friend happens to be an
               | antivaxer, they may have a "your friend vouches for this"
               | result. This is the only scenario I see, where someone
               | could be swayed towards a certain opinion, and I'd be
               | damned if this doesn't already happens without any
               | technologies, completely organically. It's their peer
               | group that sways them, so the technology in question here
               | doesn't make it worse or better, it just accelerates the
               | process.
               | 
               | Again, I could be wrong about either or all of those. I
               | readily recognize all of this stems from my beliefs in
               | humanity (in general) as something that can work out its
               | way through any amount of dissenting opinions, finding
               | out the truths. I mean, historically, society had worked
               | this way. And a controversial belief that accelerating
               | this is a good idea - I admit, I don't have a rational
               | arguments for or against this part - it's just a belief.
               | Guess it comes from hatred of seeing all those slow
               | simmering almost-pertpetual memetic wars and being
               | unhappy about their fallout, yet not believing any
               | forcible silencing of opposing forces is a viable
               | approach.
               | 
               | Oh, and just to clarify: it's extremely important that
               | trust must not be ultimate (exceptions apply for closest
               | peers, e.g. partners or parents), but limited to a
               | subject. E.g. I may trust someone on subject X but at the
               | same time know they're avid subscribers to what I think
               | is a false belief on subject Y, so I explicitly distrust
               | them on that matter.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | > I'd say if someone took IV bleach and it caused harm, the
             | appropriate response isn't license revocation, it's a civil
             | or criminal lawsuit.
             | 
             | If you eliminate the license requirement, what law would
             | the criminal lawsuit be based on? And how would that law be
             | written so it did not apply to a surgeon working on my
             | heart? At what point would it apply to the surgeon?
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | " _I 'd say if someone took IV bleach and it caused harm,
             | the appropriate response isn't license revocation, it's a
             | civil or criminal lawsuit._"
             | 
             | Defense: The patient was already ill. Can the opposition
             | prove that the prescription of bleach, specifically, caused
             | the harm, in the face of the patient's underlying disease?
             | The risks of the treatment were adequately explained to the
             | patient, as indicated by the patient's signature on this
             | form. The patient voluntarily accepted those risks.
             | 
             | Bottom line: the patient is dead, and civil or criminal
             | liability ain't going to bring 'em back.
        
           | CrazyPyroLinux wrote:
           | > Intravenous bleach suggested by someone we trusted
           | 
           | What are you even talking about?
           | 
           | Edit: To clarify, I don't think 100% fatal medical advice is
           | a good analogy for good-faith testimony relating to a "piping
           | system that allegedly flooded a few local homes."
           | 
           | Maybe something more like "Hey I'm not a licensed doctor, but
           | in my experience double-fisting twinkies leads to weight
           | gain."
        
             | erikerikson wrote:
             | There was a certain political figure I didn't want to
             | invoke who offhandedly suggested this might be a COVID
             | solution.
        
               | CrazyPyroLinux wrote:
               | I edited my previous to be more on-topic, but oh geez,
               | this is a whole different thing and I'll take the bait.
               | 
               | Are you referring to Donald Trump? (There, invoked.) He's
               | a moron and there's plenty to criticize him on. Which is
               | why it's bizarre to see this particular false[0][1]
               | narrative thrown around so much even to this day. If you
               | watch (TDS trigger warning; transcripts in [0][1]) what
               | he actually said[2] and the immediate followup and
               | clarification[3], we can definitely agree that he's not a
               | great communicator, but I think that whole thing got
               | taken out of context in a very dishonest way.
               | 
               | [0]
               | https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/jul/11/joe-
               | biden/... [1]
               | https://www.politifact.com/article/2020/apr/24/context-
               | what-... [2] https://youtu.be/PsQnfpfIa_o?t=26m20s (1
               | min) [3] https://youtu.be/PsQnfpfIa_o?t=30m35s (30 sec)
        
           | finalis wrote:
           | I wish providing medical advice was highly regulated across
           | the board. Crisis pregnancy centers certainly aren't:
           | https://columbialawreview.org/content/pregnancy-centers-
           | and-...
        
             | treeman79 wrote:
             | And support forums. Having a chronic illness eventually you
             | discover your best source of medical knowledge is other
             | people going through the same ordeals. Doctors become a
             | borderline obstacle to treatment.
        
             | erikerikson wrote:
             | I mentioned advertising specifically. I'm not an expert and
             | recognize it gets far more nuanced from there
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | The guy provided expert testimony in a court. The opposition
         | reported him to the Board of Examiners. The Board of Examiners
         | requires a PE license for those who provide expert testimony.
         | He is going to get to pay the fine.
         | 
         | " _Is giving a speech about how to treat a broken bone
         | considered 'practicing medicine'?_ "
         | 
         | Giving the speech in a court, on the witness stand, under oath,
         | claiming to be an expert in treating broken bones?
         | 
         | How about an example from engineering? A bridge collapses and
         | fifty or sixty people die. In the resulting lawsuit, Bob, a
         | nationally recognized bridge engineer, testifies, with many
         | pages of reports, that the design of the bridge was
         | substantially bad. Ted, who has a degree in engineering and
         | worked for 20 years as an engineer (designing coffee makers,
         | say) testifies that according to his calculations, of which he
         | presents a plethora, the bridge design was entirely adequate
         | and the failure was an "act of god".
        
           | Buttons840 wrote:
           | Your last example is backwards. In this case the guy without
           | an engineering license is demonstrating what is wrong. So the
           | example should be:
           | 
           | A bridge collapses and people die. In the resulting lawsuit a
           | licensed engineer says, with many pages of reports, that
           | everything was done correctly and the collapse was "an act of
           | god". But an amateur who only knows a little about civil
           | engineering points out one single thing they did incorrectly;
           | he doesn't know everything about engineering, but he does
           | know this one thing they did wrong. The government then
           | charges the amateur with a crime for knowing a little and
           | speaking about what he knew.
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | Yes? If you literally state "I, like 80% of the other
           | engineers in this state, am not a licenced engineer, but here
           | is my testimony", what else would you expect the poor man to
           | do? It's up to the judge/jury to take the testimony with a
           | grain of salt.
           | 
           | That said, I'm not sure if being licensed means anything more
           | than 'I paid my dues to the state board'.
        
         | e40 wrote:
         | _This guy pissed off some people and those people are using
         | their petty power to make his life hell._
         | 
         | And "pissed off" in this case means behaving perfectly
         | normally, legally and how we all hope a person would behave.
        
         | rpeden wrote:
         | I know it's a typo, but jaw walking definitely sounds like an
         | arrest-worthy offense. :)
        
           | dstick wrote:
           | I don't know, that seems enough punishment in and of itself
           | ;-)
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | Every time something like this comes up, I think the same
         | thing:
         | 
         | "Register as a professional engineer, jerk."
         | 
         | If you've done actual engineering work for 20+ years, getting a
         | PE is neither that hard nor that expensive and confers quite a
         | bit of legal protection as well.
         | 
         | If your cause-du-jour isn't worth taking the time to go get a
         | PE, perhaps you don't believe in it very much.
         | 
         | As for the vast hordes of HN who think they're a software
         | "engineer" because they can open Visual Studio Code, go pass
         | the the FE (Fundamentals of Engineering) exam and get back to
         | me. Every professional engineer has passed that exam. If you
         | can't muster up that much effort, why should we call you
         | "engineer"?
         | 
         | > Is giving a speech about how to treat a broken bone
         | considered 'practicing medicine'?
         | 
         | Quite possibly. And what happens when that speech gives the
         | _WRONG_ treatment for a broken bone?
         | 
         | > Who gets to decide the answer.
         | 
         | Generally the licensing board for precisely the reason I gave
         | above.
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | Yes, Licensing boards should get to decide who carries a
           | license, but the customer should decide if they want a
           | licensed engineer.
           | 
           | Customers/employers usually seek professional licensure for
           | as a lazy stopgap against outright fraud for work with poor
           | oversight and high liability. This is why PE's are
           | predominately required for government and civil
           | infrastructure.
           | 
           | For example, It takes a PE to certify a handrail on a
           | municipal bus, while a company could design and sell a
           | neurosurgical robot without a single PE.
           | 
           | In this specific case, if a court and jury don't find a PE
           | license to confer meaningful credibility over someone
           | without, then that seems to be a problem for the licensing
           | board, not the person providing testimony, or the client who
           | hired them.
        
       | hervature wrote:
       | > But Wayne's troubles began when he when he agreed to help his
       | son, Kyle, a North Carolina attorney, with a case about a piping
       | system that allegedly flooded a few local homes.
       | 
       | Is anyone more disturbed by the fact that a family member can
       | serve as an impartial expert witness?
        
         | staticman2 wrote:
         | Expert witnesses are pretty much never impartial. Each attorney
         | picks their own witness subject to the judge's approval on
         | professional qualifications. The attorney, not the judge,
         | chooses the witnesses. They get paid to say what the defense
         | attorney wants them to say or the plaintiff attorney wants them
         | to say. A plaintiff expert witness who doesn't say what the
         | attorney wants will soon be out of work or vice versa.
         | 
         | So you often get each side with a biased witnessess arguing the
         | other biased witness is wrong.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | >They get paid to say what the defense attorney wants them to
           | say or the plaintiff attorney wants them to say.
           | 
           | Having done this sort of work... Sort of. We were picked in
           | part because we had already publicly written about a case in
           | a way that supported one side's position. (Obviously the side
           | that reached out to us.) There was nothing in our report I
           | didn't personally agree with.
           | 
           | I'd add that my understanding is that, while some people do a
           | relatively large amount of expert witness work--we did not--
           | the preference is that expert witnesses don't do this as a
           | full-time gig where it becomes a matter of supporting what
           | whoever paying them wants.
        
         | logicalmonster wrote:
         | I don't think expert witnesses are supposed to be necessarily
         | impartial and can't personally favor one side or the other
         | winning a case. It's part of the legal process that attorneys
         | go out and hunt for the best possible advocate for their side.
         | Additionally, expert witnesses are often paid a fee for their
         | time and effort involved in preparing for and appearing to
         | testify on a case. If we want to talk about bias, it feels like
         | accepting money from one side should be just as damning as
         | having a familial connection.
         | 
         | To me, it feels like any potential bias should be disclosed in
         | legal filings and argued by the other side of the case during
         | the legal dispute, and the judge/jury should weigh this in
         | whatever decision-making process they employ.
         | 
         | In closing, I'd say this. Preparing for a serious trial might
         | cost tens of thousands of dollars or more. Do you really want
         | to live in a world where you can't offer to help a family
         | member or friend who asks for your help in a subject matter you
         | know about?
        
       | rcgorton wrote:
       | So what is their position on software engineers based in North
       | Carolina offering opinions on Usenet/stackoverflow/other forums?
       | Or even more aggregious, writing technical engineering papers?
       | 
       | I do not follow their 'logic' here
        
       | sQL_inject wrote:
       | Nepotistic credentialism scribed into stone by bureaucrats and
       | enforceable by jailtime. This is happening at a grand scale and
       | is only hastening the cancerous growth of Cost Disease.
       | 
       | Oh, you don't have a programming license? You aren't allowed to
       | write C++.
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | Obvious overreach.
       | 
       | These engineers are no more practicing engineering without a
       | license than anti-vaxxers are practicing medicine without a
       | license.
       | 
       | (OTOH, maybe we're on to something there...)
        
         | morelisp wrote:
         | If I go into a hospital waiting room and start telling people
         | there they shouldn't get vaccinated because it will give them
         | autism, you can bet I've opened myself up to much greater
         | consequences than just getting kicked out of the hospital.
        
       | jbluepolarbear wrote:
       | Here's the thing I don't understand, why are licenses required
       | for engineers? Is it an ethics thing? This reminds me of the guy
       | here in Portland that told the city their traffic lights were
       | wrong and they fined him for not having an engineering license.
       | 
       | I don't have a degree, no license, or accreditation, yet I've
       | worked for government contracts, medical software, and designed
       | hardware for doctors. Would I then be sued for giving advice from
       | my proven track record? I've never called myself an engineer yet
       | most of my job titles say Engineer.
        
       | morelisp wrote:
       | It's not clear from the complaint if he's being threatened with
       | legal action because he's voiced his opinion, or because he
       | prepared testimony as an expert witness concerning engineering in
       | a trial.
       | 
       | Given that the case cites numerous times he gave his opinion in
       | "public and quasi-judicial" fora without mentioning reprimand, it
       | seems like it's the latter. That's doesn't sound like a first
       | amendment violation. Truth is not the only bar to clear in legal
       | testimony.
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | Public hearings for real estate development approval are
         | commonly quasi-judicial. It would be unsurprising if that was
         | the context because it is a context in which other participants
         | would have concerns over unqualified persons holding themselves
         | out as experts. It is also a context in which it is easy to
         | collect evidence.
         | 
         | It is worth distinguishing that engineers are regulated because
         | their opinions carry legal weight. They carry legal weight
         | because the truth is difficult to determine and even experts
         | (i.e engineers) can't readily determine it absolutely (hence
         | safety factors).
         | 
         | The safety valve for engineering opinion's weight is engineers
         | are personally liable for errors in judgment (no corporate
         | protection).
        
         | Closi wrote:
         | I don't see why someone needs to be licensed to provide expert
         | opinion (even in court). It's just the job of the other side to
         | discredit the expert witness.
         | 
         | Engineering licences are really meant to protect unqualified
         | people making bad designs which get made and produce
         | safety/quality issues - their purpose isn't to work out who
         | should be able to say what. They are about making sure
         | something physical gets built correctly according to code.
         | 
         | The idea that someone could see a safety issue related to the
         | engineering of something and wouldn't be able to raise it (in
         | either a casual or legal setting) because they don't have a
         | licence is clearly absurd.
        
           | staticman2 wrote:
           | The obvious reason you might want him to have a license to
           | speak in court is if he's blatently lying in court about
           | engineering you can revoke the license after a legal
           | proceeding and no longer have a paid liar as a tool for
           | attorneys to hire to decieve the judge and jury.
        
             | gopiandcode wrote:
             | If the expert witness were lying, wouldn't that be perjury,
             | and doesn't that come with its own legal repercussions?
        
               | staticman2 wrote:
               | Sure, in theory lying can have legal consequences, but
               | only if you can prove the person is intentionally lying.
               | To take away the license you'd only have to prove they
               | are stating things no qualified engineer would say.
               | 
               | Suppose, for example, an engineer testified that bricks
               | should never be used in housing because in his
               | professional opinion bricks cause cancer. His source is a
               | blog post as reliable as a supermarket tabloid.
               | 
               | How do you prove he's intentionally lying, rather than
               | just insane or confused or stupid?
               | 
               | By making it a license issue instead, you at least move
               | the goal as to whether his statements meet some minimum
               | standard of professional expectations or care.
               | 
               | This is all just hypothetical, in practice I don't know
               | to what extent these license authorities are supervising
               | engineers. But ideally I'd like an engineer to at least
               | have some pressure to remain honest when they testify in
               | court.
        
       | csours wrote:
       | This headline reminded me of another case in Oregon, and in fact
       | IJ was involved in it as well and they link to it from this
       | article: https://ij.org/press-release/oregon-engineer-makes-
       | history-w...
        
       | roenxi wrote:
       | No opinion on whether this is a new development or not, but
       | needing a license to talk about engineering is _really_ stupid.
       | By far the majority of engineering work is stating the obvious.
       | Even a novice with some calculus background could probably come
       | to the right answer if they had access to the necessary data.
       | Maybe they 'd need a little help warming up. Engineers are just
       | more reliable at getting to the obvious answer, and have made
       | enough mistakes that they double check their calculations.
       | 
       | Licensing laws used against people are more likely to be used for
       | political cover rather than to protect the public.
        
         | cesaref wrote:
         | It would make learning to be an engineer pretty difficult, if
         | you can't talk about stuff until you are qualified!
        
         | blfr wrote:
         | Needing a license to talk about anything is really stupid. We
         | have seen credentialed experts trip time and again, succumb to
         | industry pressure, form outright lobbies hostile to public
         | interest.
         | 
         | While there is some value in credentials for quick judgements
         | and floor requirements, there is never an honest reason to bar
         | someone from giving their opinion or testifying. Everyone is
         | always free to not listen or disregard that opinion.
        
         | taneq wrote:
         | It depends very much on precisely what you're talking about.
         | Someone giving an opinion on a physical system? Absolutely
         | should not be regulated. Someone giving engineering advice _and
         | representing that advice as the result of rigorous analysis and
         | themselves as an authority on the topic_? I can see an argument
         | for regulating that.
         | 
         | We place similar expectations on legal and medical advice, and
         | wrong engineering advice is arguably more dangerous than both.
         | (For values of 'engineering' involving 'building heavy
         | machinery, physical infrastructure, etc. which lives depend on
         | - a wrong diagnoses can kill one person, a bad load calc can
         | potentially kill thousands if a stadium collapses. I don't mean
         | giving advice on page layout in CSS needs to be regulated.)
         | 
         | Edit: Note that I'm not saying he should be gagged, and the
         | circumstances definitely need to be considered, just that I
         | understand the reasoning behind standards for advice presented
         | as authoritative. What's going on in TFA more smacks of union
         | protectionism than genuine caution.
        
           | blfr wrote:
           | _We place similar expectations on legal and medical advice_
           | 
           | We do and received terrible medical advice during the latest
           | pandemic while people trying to correct it were getting
           | banned from social media. We are also reaping results of
           | decades of terrible dietary advice.
           | 
           | The track record for censorship isn't great.
        
             | taneq wrote:
             | Also very good points. The WHO in particular should face
             | heavy criticism for their early handling (or non-handling)
             | of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pretty much everything they said
             | for the first 3 months was about as wrong and harmful as it
             | was possible to be, and seemed entirely driven by political
             | rather than health considerations.
             | 
             | The dietary advice thing is mental the deeper you look into
             | it, too. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day!
             | Wait, it was Kelloggs saying that. More than two eggs a day
             | will make you die of heart disease? Apparently not any
             | more. Was that dodgy advice from the pork board or did Big
             | Egg just buy off the right people? Fat is bad for you and
             | makes you fat, says CSR. Actually sugar makes you fat AND
             | causes cancer, but dietary fat is fine, says Brownes Dairy.
        
             | morelisp wrote:
             | You're right, the unregulated dietary supplements market
             | looks _so much better_!
        
               | blfr wrote:
               | You're trying to mock my comment but schizoid posters on
               | twitter pushing their supplements often do have better
               | dietary advice than USDA. The bar set by credentialed
               | experts is so low, people who likely belong in an
               | institution can clear it.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | Unregulated dietary supplements have killed way fewer
               | people than obesity.
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | " _...needing a license to talk about engineering is really
         | stupid..._ "
         | 
         | Not to "talk about engineering". To provide expert testimony as
         | an engineer.
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | I think the issue is he gave expert testimony. So it's not just
         | speaking about it, but presenting from a position of authority
         | without qualification.
         | 
         | I think the whole expert testimony business is suspect as the
         | definition of "expert" varies so much. But I think the
         | correction is in the law specifying what is expect and not and
         | making that better is the place to focus.
         | 
         | It seems like the correction would be to invalidate his
         | testimony, not to arrest him.
         | 
         | It's really hard to have legal expert testimony and separate
         | true experts vs people with other motivators (money, family,
         | etc).
        
           | civilized wrote:
           | > presenting from a position of authority without
           | qualification.
           | 
           | You mean, "presenting from a position of expertise without
           | very specific and questionably relevant credentials demanded
           | by a local regulatory body." His education and career
           | experience are certainly qualifications substantiating his
           | expertise.
           | 
           | From the OP:
           | 
           | > "In this country, we rely on people to decide who they want
           | to listen to rather than relying on the government to decide
           | who gets to speak," said IJ Attorney Joe Gay. "North
           | Carolina's engineering board is getting that important
           | principle exactly backwards."
           | 
           | Amen, brother.
           | 
           | For a state or local entity to curtail First Amendment
           | rights, they must have a _compelling_ interest in doing so.
           | There is very little reason to believe that passing tests
           | administered by the local engineering board _actually_
           | provides any protective value to the public in a context
           | where the person in question is merely criticizing a design
           | (not building anything) and already has extensive hands-on
           | experience in the subject they are speaking on. It 's quite
           | possible that, in cases like this, licensing demands mostly
           | exist for the Board to arrogate power and money to itself.
           | The Board must clear a much higher bar to legally punish
           | people for speech.
        
           | SeanLuke wrote:
           | Being a licensed engineer is not a requirement to being an
           | "expert" in expert testimony. You are an expert if the court
           | deems you an expert and the opposing counsel has agreed. Full
           | stop.
           | 
           | I think that the only thing an engineering license should
           | grant you, in this case, is the right to call yourself a
           | licensed engineer, which conveys some degree of authority. I
           | don't think he made that claim.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Not sure why people are disagreeing. I've co-written an
             | expert witness report and neither myself nor my co-author
             | were licensed software engineers--which I don't believe you
             | can even get licensed for any longer in the US.
             | 
             | Of course, both the lawyers and the judge can take both
             | credentials and experience into account when evaluating the
             | credibility of such a report.
             | 
             | Obviously, if someone isn't licensed they can't present
             | themselves as being licensed and various regulatory
             | agencies and the like may require someone to be licensed in
             | order to sign off on various documents.
        
               | coupdejarnac wrote:
               | The computer engineering exam contains software
               | engineering components fwiw.
        
       | eru wrote:
       | I remember discussions here on HN where people were looking
       | forward to regulating software engineering.
        
         | PaulHoule wrote:
         | That's one thing.
         | 
         | Criminal charges for expressing your opinion is another.
         | 
         | An airplane pilot is licensed and will talk trash w/ people
         | about flying and not get in trouble unless they express an
         | opinion like 'i love to drink a six pack before I get in the
         | cockpit'.
         | 
         | Other people say what they want about aviation and unless it is
         | something like 'I used this one weird trick to smuggle a sniper
         | rifle past the X ray backscatter machine' or 'kewl! I jammed
         | the gps on a plane and saw the coordinates change on ads-b' you
         | won't face criminal charges.
         | 
         | There was a day when Wilhelm Reich was sent to jail and L. Ron
         | Hubbard exiled at sea. Today, it seems almost impossible to
         | face criminal charges for bogus health information.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | > Criminal charges for expressing your opinion is another.
           | 
           | Being a paid expert witness is different than "expressing
           | your opinion." It's one thing to be subpoenaed and compelled
           | to testify and another to swear and speak authoritatively.
           | Expert testimony "opinion" could result in people going to
           | jail, or in this case paying large sums of money.
           | 
           | I imagine a case of medical malpractice where an unlicensed
           | doctor was expertly testifying as to the proper procedure.
           | That seems inappropriate.
        
         | umvi wrote:
         | Some people want software engineering to be like other
         | engineering disciplines where a PE license and/or union
         | membership is mandatory to practice the trade.
        
           | bob1029 wrote:
           | I think you find most of those people do not have any
           | intentions of bringing meaningful value to the engineering
           | disciplines. It's just a business opportunity to them.
        
             | kabdib wrote:
             | In the 1980s there was a proposal in the California
             | legislature to license software engineers. They basically
             | took an EE-related test (developed by the IEEE, little
             | surprise) and stirred some software in there. I don't
             | remember what software methodology flavor-of-the-month they
             | rubberstamped, but I assure you that it was forgettable.
             | 
             | It was a bare-faced, rent-seeking money grab from some
             | entrenched licensing board. I mean, I've used Ohm's Law in
             | my software career, and I've made smoke come out of things
             | on a professional basis. But it's hardly necessary for a
             | security engineer to know about impedance matching.
        
       | clejack wrote:
       | I first read this and immediately thought it was ridiculous.
       | After a second read, I'm wondering if there is some deception
       | going on. The idea that a license should be required to make
       | advisement on designs impacting the public is reasonable. While
       | nothing is guaranteed, it allows for a simple verification of
       | skills.
       | 
       | I find it hard to believe that any engineer would not know this
       | because I was told companies and the gov. use PEs to sign off on
       | designs that impact the public when I was getting my degree in
       | mechanical engineering.
       | 
       | The question here is whether this man was truly barred from
       | speaking publicly about engineering or whether he was barred from
       | testifying about engineering.
       | 
       | The former would be a problem due to its broadness, but the
       | second would definitely not be.
        
         | yokaze wrote:
         | You can read the letter linked in the article:
         | https://ij.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/NC_Engineering_051...
         | 
         | It looks to me more the latter: he "helping his son" by
         | "speaking about engineering" is a written report in a court
         | case.
         | 
         | Quite a bit of framing
        
           | JackFr wrote:
           | After reading the law, it actually seems to be a clear
           | violation.
           | 
           | He is not a party in the court case so presumably his
           | testimony is that of an expert witness. Providing expert
           | testimony as an engineer sounds an awful lot like practicing
           | engineering. He is not licensed and he is not practicing
           | under the aegis of a licensed firm. He's in violation of the
           | law.
        
           | ivan_gammel wrote:
           | Court itself can decide what proof of expertise is
           | acceptable. It should not be just a license.
        
             | beerandt wrote:
             | The judge can decide who gets to testify in his own court,
             | but that doesn't preclude a licensing board from
             | sanctioning the witness as practicing without a license.
        
             | morelisp wrote:
             | If a court decides HN gets mad and wonders why judges get
             | to determine engineering matters. If an engineering board
             | decides HN gets mad and wonders why engineers have a say in
             | legal matters.
             | 
             | You can waffle with "it's not the same part of HN" or
             | something, but honestly it sounds more like a lot of HN
             | just doesn't like anything which might prevent them from
             | offering their opinion in inappropriate contexts, and their
             | mechanism to avoid this is to refuse to let anyone judge
             | the appropriateness of a context.
             | 
             | Big "what's next, a license to toast" energy from all this
             | tbh.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | The ,,HN gets mad" generalization is a logical fallacy.
               | Maybe somewhere on some subreddit there is a uniform
               | crowd for which generalization and such meta-comments are
               | ok, but here we have plenty of people who have different
               | opinions, express them and may have disagreements: you
               | cannot put a common label and blame for inconsistency,
               | because you do not have a target for it.
        
               | MisterBastahrd wrote:
               | It isn't a logical fallacy. HN has a long history of
               | being against any sort of credentialism. Tell a
               | programmer that he isn't a real engineer in any sense of
               | the word and watch the downvotes flow. Plenty here want
               | titles without effort.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Yeah. The report referenced in that letter seems like the
           | sort of thing that would normally be created or at least
           | signed off by a civil engineering PE. Now, one can stipulate
           | that he was very upfront in the report that he's _not_ a PE
           | and the judge is welcome to judge credibility. But I sort of
           | see where this letter is coming from.
        
         | dasudasu wrote:
         | Licensed professions have such things as "reserved acts". This
         | is the issue at hand. Offering legal engineering advice is
         | apparently protected. It's not only that the the judge should
         | dismiss the opinion if presented, it's that even the act of
         | trying to make one in front of a court is possibly illegal.
         | Disclaimers are irrelevant when one is trying to perform such a
         | reserved act, especially if one knowingly does it while
         | ignoring the law.
        
         | SkeuomorphicBee wrote:
         | > The question here is whether this man was truly barred from
         | speaking publicly about engineering or whether he was barred
         | from testifying about engineering.
         | 
         | I don't think that is the main question, the testify vs speak
         | is secondary. He is not a "Licensed Engineer", but he IS an
         | "Engineer" (Graduated Engineering school, and worked legally
         | his whole life as an Engineer in the subset of "engineering"
         | that doesn't require a license). So he is an expert in
         | "Engineering" (the subset) by schooling and legal work
         | experience, and should be able to provide expert testimony on
         | the field where he is an expert. He is not thou, an expert in
         | "Licensed Engineering", so he can't provide expert testimony on
         | that. The question them becomes: The testimony he gave applies
         | to the subset of engineering that is only allowed to a
         | "Licensed Engineer"? Or in other words, would he be forbidden
         | from working on the thing he is testifying about? If the answer
         | is yes, then he broke the law, by presenting himself as an
         | expert Engineer in a matter restricted to licensed, then he
         | wrongly presented himself as licensed. If the answer is no, if
         | the matter discussed is something he was allowed to work on
         | (before he retired) without a license, then there is nothing
         | wrong with his testimony.
        
           | beerandt wrote:
           | It's usually the licensing board itself that gets to make all
           | these determinations.
        
         | elliekelly wrote:
         | The topic of "unauthorized practice of law" was my favorite in
         | the required legal ethics course because it's _really_ hard to
         | define. There's definitely a compelling state interest in
         | preventing just _anyone_ from running around giving people
         | shitty legal advice. Bad legal advice could mean someone
         | serving years, or even a lifetime, in prison. But at the same
         | time the people have a right to discuss the law, how it is (and
         | should be) interpreted, and the implications of those
         | interpretations. It's maybe even _more_ than a right. It's
         | arguably a requirement of a functional democracy. If you can't
         | discuss the law you can't have a role in shaping it
         | 
         | And balancing those two important interests most states have
         | drawn the line at: you can't tell (or insinuate to) the public
         | you're a licensed attorney if you're not and you can't file
         | legal documents with a court or a regulator on behalf of
         | someone else unless under the supervision of a licensed
         | attorney.
         | 
         | You can, however, spout your terrible and blatantly wrong legal
         | opinion all over the internet, tv, and in print to anyone
         | willing to listen. No law license required. Many people have
         | even made a career of it.
        
         | civil_engineer wrote:
         | If he represented himself as an engineer or engineering expert
         | in a legal proceeding, well, that's where he may have made a
         | mis-step. Even if it's on behalf of his son. Maybe, he should
         | have prefaced every sentence with IANAE, but...
        
           | morelisp wrote:
           | The fact it's his son makes it looks even more like testimony
           | from convenience rather than professional consideration.
        
           | chiph wrote:
           | That's what he did (mentioned in the article). He prefaced
           | his testimony with that he was not a licensed engineer but
           | had worked in the industry for many years.
           | 
           | A better question would be whether he had done piping &
           | fluids vs. another civil engineering specialty such as bridge
           | design.
        
             | carlmr wrote:
             | I think this preface should be enough, he didn't claim to
             | be something he isn't.
        
         | amcoastal wrote:
         | They could've not considered his testimony, but instead they
         | called it illegal under threat of being charged for a crime for
         | giving his opinion.
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | The court considered his testimony. The Board of Examiners is
           | charging him with practicing engineering without a license.
        
       | ENOTTY wrote:
       | This is a sympathetic framing on an attempt to chip away at
       | licensing requirements. Not saying whether that's good or bad,
       | just want to point it out
        
       | cratermoon wrote:
       | The Institute for Justice is the same Koch-backed[1] anti-
       | government libertarian law firm that sued Oregon for the cranky
       | Swedish guy who complained about traffic lights[2].
       | 
       | 1 https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Institute_for_Justice
       | 
       | 2 https://ij.org/press-release/oregon-engineer-wins-traffic-li...
        
       | elteto wrote:
       | The framing of the title is a bit disingenuous. He is not
       | "talking" about engineering to a bunch of college students. He is
       | providing expert opinion in a court case. This is a whole
       | different deal and I think there is nuance here.
       | 
       | Honestly, I don't like the manipulation with the title and how
       | they are framing the whole thing. Makes me cautious about
       | emitting an opinion.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | nomdep wrote:
         | In the article it says he declared that he wasn't a licensed
         | engineer. At most, you could argue that his expert testimony is
         | not valid, saying that it is illegal it is a whole different
         | deal. It smells like corruption of the NC government to me.
        
           | dasudasu wrote:
           | "I'm not a medical doctor, but here is a bunch of medical
           | advice that should be used to prosecute this defendant." It
           | doesn't sound that great either way. Either you have the
           | expertise to make such judgments, or you don't, and shouldn't
           | try to pass off legal opinions you can't legally make with a
           | disclaimer, as if that absolves everything. I can fully
           | understand someone getting irritated at this and trying to go
           | one step further.
        
             | nomdep wrote:
             | I am not a lawyer but...
        
             | squeaky-clean wrote:
             | Did you read the bit where 80% of employed engineers in
             | North Carolina don't have an engineering license, but have
             | an industry exemption from state law? He was legally an
             | engineer for decades up until his retirement.
             | 
             | So imagine if 80% of doctors didn't have some sort of
             | license allowing them to speak about their practice.
             | 
             | > In fact, like the majority of engineers nationwide, Wayne
             | was not required to get a license since he worked for a
             | company under the state's "industrial exception."
             | 
             | > By some estimates, 80% of engineers nationwide work
             | legally without a license. By the Board's interpretation,
             | most engineers in North Carolina could not legally comment
             | publicly on engineering.
        
               | dasudasu wrote:
               | His exemption makes his field of practice much more
               | limited than a fully licensed engineer and didn't seem to
               | cover making legal advice in court. Court experts should
               | indeed be held to high standards. At this point, being
               | called an engineer is just semantics. In many other
               | locales, someone not licensed is not even allowed to call
               | themselves that, regardless of their degrees.
        
               | resoluteteeth wrote:
               | > In many other locales, someone not licensed is not even
               | allowed to call themselves that, regardless of their
               | degrees
               | 
               | But as the grandparent comment you responded to
               | explained, he isn't calling himself that, because he
               | declared that he wasn't a licensed engineer. Shouldn't
               | the court be able to decide whether to accept him as an
               | expert witness?
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | SS 89C-25. Limitations on application of Chapter. (https:
               | //ncleg.net/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter...
               | )
               | 
               | " _(4) Engaging in engineering or land surveying as an
               | employee or assistant under the responsible charge of a
               | professional engineer or professional land surveyor._ "
               | is, I think, the only one to apply.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | SS 89C-23. Unlawful to practice engineering or land surveying
           | without licensure; unlawful use of title or terms; penalties;
           | Attorney General to be legal adviser. (https://ncleg.net/Enac
           | tedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter...)
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | I started to worry when I saw that he had given a legal
         | deposition. But "Wayne testified truthfully that he was not
         | (and never had been) a licensed engineer". So according to the
         | article, there was no misrepresentation to the court.
         | 
         | Engineering licensure is generally opt-in for activities that
         | require it, and you obviously don't need to be a licensed
         | engineer to testify plainly in court (contrast with signing off
         | on plans for a building, for which you do), so he should be in
         | the clear.
         | 
         | Of course getting this close to what the state board considers
         | their turf (Professional Engineer expert witnesses, whose
         | testimony carries more weight) explains why they're trying to
         | stomp on him - similar to that engineer in Oregon who got
         | legally harassed for a bunch of years for doing math about red
         | light cameras.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > He is providing expert opinion in a court case
         | 
         | Aren't courts capable of making that decision themselves? Why
         | should the state be allowed to interfere with sworn testimony?
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | The court did, and the Board accepts that. (See the link from
           | the details of the case.) The board is pointing out that it
           | is a Class 2 misdemeanor to practice engineering without a
           | license (and outside the "industrial exemption").
        
       | losvedir wrote:
       | IJ does great work. They definitely have a libertarian bent, and
       | while I wouldn't necessarily want to live in a full blown
       | taxation-is-theft society, I do feel better knowing there are
       | groups out there providing necessary pushback like seen here. A
       | big case they won here in my state was returning a $40k car that
       | was confiscated by the police because the person was arrested on
       | a $100 drug crime.
       | 
       | I donate to them and encourage others to do so as well. And if
       | you were one of the people complaining in that other HN thread
       | about the alleged changes in the ACLU, consider donating here
       | instead, rather than just not donating to any civil rights
       | groups.
        
       | vzaliva wrote:
       | The article's title is misleading. NC does not forbid him to talk
       | engineering. He can write blog posts, yell at the corners, print
       | books. What it does not allow him is to testify as a witness in a
       | court presenting himself as an engineering expert. While I agree
       | this distinction (being licensed) is stupid, the court is within
       | its right to impose it. Spinning this case as some sort free
       | speech supression is just bad jourlalism.
        
         | orangecat wrote:
         | _the court is within its right to impose it_
         | 
         | There's no problem with the court declining to treat him as an
         | expert witness. This is about the state threatening to arrest
         | him for truthfully describing his experience and opinions.
        
       | lxe wrote:
       | Again? I was just reading about a similar case:
       | https://www.nbc4i.com/news/electrical-engineer-fined-for-pra...
        
       | michaelmcdonald wrote:
       | I found this line to be particularly interesting:
       | 
       | > In fact, like the majority of engineers nationwide, Wayne was
       | not required to get a license since he worked for a company under
       | the state's "industrial exception."
       | 
       | A half-minute search on Google didn't seem to produce anything of
       | relevance, but I did come across numerous articles talking about
       | licensing not being needed. Would be curious to see more hard
       | data on the number of un-licensed engineers and if there is any
       | correlation to issues / shoddy work or not.
        
         | timpattinson wrote:
         | In my experience licensing of engineers is almost exclusive to
         | civil engineering and some other subfields. The vast majority
         | of mechanical, electrical and software engineers will never
         | need to be licensed.
         | 
         | It's also possible for unlicensed engineers to work under the
         | supervision of a licensed engineer (PE), often the PE will be
         | the one to stamp drawings etc.
        
           | jpindar wrote:
           | >It's also possible for unlicensed engineers to work under
           | the supervision of a licensed engineer (PE)
           | 
           | AFAIK, it's _required_ as part of the process of getting a
           | PE.
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | I worked in a building department. My experience is there is a
         | correlation between unsafe construction and unlicensed
         | individuals.
         | 
         | A large degree of the correlation is lack of experience, so
         | there are corner cases where unlicensed individuals build
         | something safe.
         | 
         | But generally it won't meet building code and the building code
         | describes the very worst construction that is legal...
         | 
         | ...and even that is hard to get right because licensed
         | professionals struggle with it all the time and that's why I
         | was reviewing plans.
        
       | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
       | I see here a huge imbalance. On one hand, there's a board that
       | can order an expert in a certain field to shut up and not even
       | talk about his field of expertise, and now said expert has to go
       | to the court.
       | 
       | On the other hand, the internet has become this fucking enormous
       | megaphone of people who have no idea what they're talking about,
       | they are also completely free to put up fucking _billboards_ IRL
       | about, say, how the pandemic is a hoax and how vaccines are
       | dangerous -- nobody bats an eye, and there 's really is no
       | efficient way to get them to shut the fuck up about stuff they've
       | got no clue about.
       | 
       | Now I'm not saying there should be censorship (although requiring
       | tinfoil hat wielders to pay hefty license fees sounds very
       | tempting), but it looks like today it's way easier to silence a
       | real subject matter expert than a pompous charlatan, and that's
       | plain unfair.
        
         | nobodyandproud wrote:
         | The early days of consumer internet--up to the early 2000s--
         | didn't exhibit the same scale of misinformation as what we see
         | today.
         | 
         | The problem of today is that misinformation scales far more
         | easily than quality information, and it's because we don't have
         | the tools to filter out well-written (grammar and tone)
         | misinformation.
         | 
         | I'm not sure credentialism alone is the answer though.
        
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