[HN Gopher] Woodsat: A Space Agency Will Launch a Tiny, Wooden S...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Woodsat: A Space Agency Will Launch a Tiny, Wooden Satellite
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 96 points
       Date   : 2021-06-18 10:44 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.npr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.npr.org)
        
       | mauvehaus wrote:
       | The article alludes to this, but one of the key challenges to
       | using wood in space will likely be that wood changes shape as
       | it's moisture content fluctuates. Here on earth, that's typically
       | due to seasonal variations in humidity, and it's why your doors
       | stuck in the summertime when it's more humid.
       | 
       | In space, the equilibrium moisture content of wood is probably
       | zero, or immeasurably close to it, whereas on earth, I don't
       | think you can dry wood that far with typical drying equipment.
       | Which is no doubt why they're using a thermal vacuum kiln, the
       | vacuum bit being the key.
       | 
       | The challenge then becomes maintaining that level of dryness
       | between drying and space. Typical wood finishes slow, but don't
       | stop moisture exchange. And if you coat the whole damn thing in
       | something exotic to maintain a super dry material, you likely
       | torpedo the whole "green" aspect.
       | 
       | Plywood (and other manufactured wood products) moves much less
       | than solid wood. I'm still curious if they're having to design
       | around accommodating any movement in their mechanical design
       | given the extremely uncommon atmospheric(?) conditions this will
       | be subjected to upon launch. Moisture exchange will likely be the
       | last of their concerns on reentry.
       | 
       | I, for one would be delighted lto serve as a wood movement
       | consultant on future wooden spacecraft. Though, really, all the
       | principles of sound solid wood construction on earth have been
       | known for millennia and there's no shortage of sources on doing
       | it right.
        
         | jedimastert wrote:
         | > The challenge then becomes maintaining that level of dryness
         | between drying and space.
         | 
         | There's also stabilizing, in which you "fill in" all of the
         | space the water left with a very thin resin. I'm sure you could
         | find some all-natural stuff that would do the trick
        
         | owenversteeg wrote:
         | They apparently coated it with aluminum oxide, which is a
         | super-hard finish used on wood flooring.
        
       | croon wrote:
       | Nice to see some Hearthian tech.
        
         | wetmore wrote:
         | That was my first thought as well!
        
       | rjsw wrote:
       | One script for Alien 3 had a wooden space station.
        
       | webwielder2 wrote:
       | Obligatory Onion: https://www.theonion.com/russian-scientists-
       | announce-six-mon...
        
       | idoh wrote:
       | Wood has been in space before, see this link:
       | https://space.stackexchange.com/questions/18856/puzzler-whic...
       | 
       | Apparently, balsa wood makes a good heat shield.
        
       | xoa wrote:
       | While cute in a good way, can't help but feel this is a bit of a
       | silly piece (though I think they're trying their best and it's
       | nice to see more hopeful tech news vs the typical dreary
       | disasters/panics). It's similar to coverage last year of the
       | Kyoto University/Sumitomo Forestry satellite using wood which got
       | a nod at the end. Ars Technica did a decent run down of that at
       | the time [0], though reacting more to some of the "space junk"
       | angles in mainstream media coverage vs cost. Wood, particularly
       | when heavily treated, does have some interesting properties and
       | it may stand on its own in that regard. But it won't be for cost,
       | "green", "space junk", or any other such reasons it'll be purely
       | about whether it serves a useful performance goal or not. As far
       | as cost which this article mentions a bunch, even Starship's
       | ultimate, genuinely paradigm shifting target costs to orbit are
       | still something like $100/kg. Compared to $1000-10000+/kg it's
       | easy to see why that's a huge deal, but the cost of any simple
       | base component material going in would also still be
       | comparatively near meaningless if it resulted in worse
       | amortization. Stainless steel is single digit $/kg, even
       | something like titanium is relatively speaking a minor
       | contributor [1] vs the cost of production and complex parts that
       | go into a sat or vehicle.
       | 
       | For actually doing stuff _on_ other worlds, vs sats /ships, it
       | could be quite different though. Growing something like bamboo on
       | Mars or wherever might well have quite favorable production
       | ratios for bootstrapping vs shipping stuff.
       | 
       | ----
       | 
       | 0: https://arstechnica.com/science/2020/12/wooden-satellites-
       | an...
       | 
       | 1: https://www.metalary.com/titanium-price/
        
       | boo-ga-ga wrote:
       | Reminds of Outer Wilds a bit:)
        
         | jhgb wrote:
         | Or, _The Wooden Spaceships_? Literally.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_and_Overland#The_Wooden_S...
        
       | beloch wrote:
       | The elephant in the room is the cost of putting a payload in
       | orbit.
       | 
       | Even a large difference in materials price will be dwarfed by the
       | cost of fuel and rockets if there's even a small weight increase.
       | 
       | While wood is a material that will burn up in reentry, there are
       | many others without wood's weight and reliability concerns, and
       | people are starting to look into different construction methods
       | to help satellites burn up on deorbiting reliably. e.g. Instead
       | of joining pieces with bolts, use an epoxy that will fail at
       | reentry temperature, ensuring the satellite breaks up into many
       | small pieces and burns up.
       | 
       | This is a fun stunt and good publicity for those involved, but
       | wood probably isn't replacing materials engineered to be lighter
       | and more predictable any time soon.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | Cost to LEO has dropped a lot recently. At 951$/kg to LEO wood
         | is probably good enough it's not an issue for most satellites.
         | 
         | Overall strength is probably close enough to be irrelevant in
         | many cases and construction costs could drop quite a bit. It's
         | not the cost of the carbon fiber that's at issue it's how
         | difficult the stuff is to work with.
        
           | brandmeyer wrote:
           | SpaceX is charging 1 megabuck for a 200 kg payload, (5
           | kUSD/kg). That's still cheap enough that for bespoke
           | spacecraft the launch is still much less expensive than the
           | satellite.
           | 
           | What is the basis for your < 1kUSD/kg estimate?
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | Costs go up for smaller payloads as your paying for more
             | than just weight.
             | 
             | As a sanity check a Falcon gets 22,800kg (expendable) and
             | 16,800 (reusable) to LEO. At 5k/kg that would be 84M
             | reusable, apparently they're charging ~85M for a reusable
             | falcon Heavy launch and Falcon 9 is much cheaper.
             | 
             | Actual prices aren't disclosed but the internal price are
             | quoted at as ~40M new and under 15M refurbished, with 10
             | total launches per rocket. Assuming the last launch isn't
             | reusable by design that's (40M+ 9 * 15M ) ~= 175M to get
             | (16,800 kg * 9 + 22,800kg) = 174,000kg to LEO. That's under
             | 1k/kg, though I have seen 951$/kg quoted in terms of
             | StarLink's costs.
             | 
             | Clearly they charge customers more, but not 5k/kg more.
        
               | brandmeyer wrote:
               | Smallsat retail launch prices on Falcon 9 are published.
               | Even if SpaceX is making money hand-over-fist at that
               | price, they are still the cheapest ride in the business.
               | 
               | https://www.spacex.com/rideshare/
               | 
               | ~~disclaimer~~ ~~disclosure~~ excited bragging: my strtup
               | is launching a payload on next week's transporter
               | mission. We payed full retail and have no regrets.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Cool, though they also charge 5k/lb into polar orbits
               | which have significantly lower capacity. Falcon 9 is
               | 16,800kg to LEO but only 9,600kg to a polar orbit.
               | 
               | Anyway, larger satellites are much cheaper in terms of
               | cost to LEO, but it's still a useful datapoint.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-06-18 23:01 UTC)