[HN Gopher] Detectives Just Used DNA to Solve a 1956 Double Homi...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Detectives Just Used DNA to Solve a 1956 Double Homicide
        
       Author : yskchu
       Score  : 33 points
       Date   : 2021-06-12 16:22 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.npr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.npr.org)
        
       | uvesten wrote:
       | Who involved really is better off, after hearing of the
       | "solution" to this crime? Except for maybe the police department,
       | possibly a detective with an itch to scratch, and definitely the
       | firm used for the genealogical dna profile (mentioned by name in
       | the article), I can think of no one.
        
       | liquidify wrote:
       | The first thing that comes to mind after reading this article is
       | that they don't have enough evidence to conclude that the fact
       | that there were sperm in the victim that weren't from her
       | boyfriend actually means that they were murdered by the creator
       | of said sperm.
       | 
       | It seems likely, but calling the case 'solved' just based on that
       | is a bit of a stretch to me. Maybe the article is leaving out
       | some important details.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | Come on, we all know that any woman who cheats on her boyfriend
         | is immediately murdered by the same guy she cheated with.
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | Just like we know that the spouse that has a life insurance
           | policy opened on them is immediately murdered by the
           | surviving spouse, instead of the life insurance agent
           | 
           | We don't! We just assume!
        
       | dzhiurgis wrote:
       | What would happen if I swiped my murder weapon thru rack of
       | clothes in a second hand shop?
        
         | awb wrote:
         | I can't find the link but apparently there was a case of
         | someone riding an escalator with gloves later used in a murder
         | and several people's DNA being found on the gloves.
         | 
         | I think the police then track down each of these individuals
         | and establish a motive or an alibi.
         | 
         | But DNA alone shouldn't convict someone.
        
       | BugsJustFindMe wrote:
       | Ignoring for a moment the obvious hitch that sperm does not
       | automatically equal murder, there's also the problem that DNA
       | forensics suffers from the same fakery problem that other
       | criminal forensic techniques suffer from especially when samples
       | are old and mixed
       | https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20727733-500-fallible...
       | 
       | DNA matching from a decades old mixed tissue slide is not an
       | exact process and many factors from handling to a desire to close
       | the case can lead to a wrong conclusion.
       | 
       | The most that can be said is that the detectives are satisfied
       | enough to stop digging, not that the case is solved. Let's
       | remember that a posthumous process allows for zero defense and
       | criminal justice depends on defense.
       | 
       | And besides all of that, it strikes me as wildly unethical to
       | burden the family with this information just to satisfy detective
       | curiosity and desire for closure. I see zero benefit to going
       | through the final steps after they determined that their suspect
       | had already died. The corpse's ashes can't go to prison. The
       | family just lives with this now. That's a negative outcome.
        
         | fairity wrote:
         | > I see zero benefit to going through the final steps after
         | they determined that their suspect had already died
         | 
         | If the victim has living friends & family, it provides closure.
         | Additionally, solving cases, however old, boosts public
         | confidence that crimes will not go unpunished, which in turn
         | acts as a deterrent for future crime.
        
           | moron4hire wrote:
           | The threat of punishment has never been shown to be a
           | deterrent to crime.
           | 
           | EDIT: I would have thought this was a well-known issue by
           | now, but for those who are disagreeing, "punishments do not
           | deter crime" is also the opinion of the National Institute of
           | Justice: https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/five-things-
           | about-deterr...
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | Do more drivers turn right at red lights in the US than in
             | say UK were it is illegal?
        
               | moron4hire wrote:
               | The legality of the action is not the only difference
               | between those two locales. A right turn on red is
               | significantly more dangerous in the UK than in the US.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | Oh ... ye well lets pretend I wrote "turn left at red
               | lights in UK" shall we?
        
             | krrrh wrote:
             | I think you're getting downvotes for the statement "never
             | been shown". It's an overly broad claim, and even the link
             | you posted talks more about the severity of punishment
             | being a weaker deterrent than the certainty of being caught
             | (and punished). There's still no doubt that if theft was
             | suddenly not punished _at all_ then there would be more
             | theft.
             | 
             | From other reading I've done the consistency of punishment
             | is more important, and it's better for criminal justice
             | systems to provide a certain small punishment than an
             | inconsistent outsized punishment, and this has a lot to do
             | with the way humans evaluate risks, and improved paths
             | towards helping criminals becoming non-criminals.
             | 
             | Anyway, I learned a bit from the link you posted, mostly
             | that this sort of thinking is mainstream enough to be
             | presented like this by the DoJ. So have my upvote.
        
         | boomboomsubban wrote:
         | The potential benefits here are that it's possible the assumed
         | culprit has committed other crimes, and this knowledge could
         | solve other cases, some where potentially the crime has been
         | pinned to an innocent person.
         | 
         | I'm unsure how this potentially positive match would enter
         | databases though, and find it very unlikely that any
         | potentially "solved" case would have DNA tested against such a
         | database.
         | 
         | Publishing the assumed culprit's name and details seems fairly
         | egregious though.
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | Yes, the publishing of the details is what gets to me.
           | Throughout the article they treat the case as solved and the
           | man as the guilty party, which they would never do to a
           | living person before a verdict. To thousands of NPR readers,
           | this man is not only the prime suspect but also the guilty
           | party, in spite of the fact that charges will never be filed
           | and guilt or innocence will never be formally determined.
        
         | temp8964 wrote:
         | A. They tested the suspect's children's DNA and got a positive.
         | 
         | B. It's true sperm doesn't equal murder. But in this case the
         | victim was asexually assaulted and then murdered. The
         | likelihood of both crimes committed by the same person is way
         | higher than two different persons.
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | Does _my_ reasonable doubt count?
           | 
           | The fall guy they pulled in for a raped and murdered jogger
           | in NYC was willing to confess and then was like "woah woah I
           | didn't do the rape where did that charge come from"
           | 
           | There could just as easily be a Brock Turner in the woods
           | seeing an incapacitated girl and fiddling around, except this
           | time the victim would already be or about to be dead.
           | 
           | Too many examples for me to make that conclusion. So, my
           | reasonable doubt would count if I was on the jury.
           | Convicting/Acquitting someone is one thing, we all pat
           | ourselves on the back, but the thing that _really_ bothers me
           | is when the dangerous person is still out there. Who cares
           | about debating the doubt when there is a greater likelihood
           | of ongoing danger in the community but now the investigation
           | isn 't even happening. Its debating someone's freedom versus
           | debating the safety of the community which is a larger group
           | of people, the greater doubt is actually about whether the
           | community is now safe instead of whether I like this person's
           | alibi.
        
             | valuearb wrote:
             | So you think the accused killers family would be much
             | happier if they found out he didn't kill either of them,
             | just had sex with the dying girl and left her to die?
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | That's where your mind went. In this article, it would be
               | just as easy for them to have had consensual sex
               | beforehand.
               | 
               | The feelings of the family is not a factor in
               | investigating and prosecuting the right people.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | TheJoeMan wrote:
         | I agree. I believe this article is to be a "tug your
         | heartstrings" to be against the very logical restriction on
         | forensic DNA analysis by "reconstructing a reverse family tree"
         | which is quite often wrong.
        
           | LorenPechtel wrote:
           | While it can be wrong the cost of a wrong is minor--they test
           | the DNA, it doesn't match, they continue their search, now
           | perhaps with better information as to how the tree fits
           | together.
        
           | version_five wrote:
           | Yeah, what caught my attention was the casual
           | 
           | > although new state legislation restricting forensic
           | genealogy could complicate matters
           | 
           | as if affording important privacy protections is a
           | "complication" that interferes with their goal of a safer
           | world. Much of the article reads like a thinly veiled
           | lobbying piece for why police should be less restricted in
           | how they use this technique.
        
         | ChrisKnott wrote:
         | Why is it a burden for the family? The family surely wanted the
         | case solved...?
        
           | vorticalbox wrote:
           | I believe the comment was about the murders family.
           | 
           | Up until this point they had no idea, they now have to live
           | with that knowledge.
           | 
           | The only people being punished now are the these family
           | members who did nothing wrong.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | The worst part for the family is that the media can label
             | their father a rapist and murderer without him actually
             | having been convicted. The police have strong evidence,
             | from the sound of it, but with a living person the news
             | media wouldn't be allowed to go around saying unequivocally
             | "he's the guy" without a guilty verdict.
             | 
             | The upshot is that _even if there 's been a mistake_, this
             | man's name will never be cleared, and his family will just
             | have to live with this.
        
               | jiqiren wrote:
               | The family agreed to help the police figure it out.
               | 
               | Maybe their reaction to learning the news was more like
               | "yeah this makes sense - dad was an abusive asshole my
               | whole life. At least I wasn't killed".
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | What state restrictions on scouring DNA databases would you like?
       | The article points out how incoming state laws would make this
       | investigation impossible, but it turns out it was just a few
       | states being referenced.
       | 
       | I think this needs to be treated as property of the individual as
       | well, or even of an individual's estate, and there must be
       | consent granted for each use and compensation for it. Consent can
       | be revokable and a record of the consent's state should be
       | attached to every piece of data.
       | 
       | It leaves the avenue open for this same kind of investigation to
       | occur.
        
       | drewcoo wrote:
       | NPR, totally not a state propaganda organ, runs pro-forensic
       | "science" propaganda. Why does this not surprise me anymore?
        
         | ALittleLight wrote:
         | Are you against forensic science or do you doubt the validity
         | of it?
        
           | julienreszka wrote:
           | There is plenty of evidence that DNA tests are unreliable.
           | https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/03/forensics-gone-
           | wrong...
        
           | zzt123 wrote:
           | Much like cryptography, the science of DNA is good, but the
           | roll-your-own DNA forensics implementations have had issues.
           | 
           | https://www.propublica.org/article/thousands-of-criminal-
           | cas...
           | 
           | https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/06/a-reaso.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/21/opinion/the-dangers-of-
           | dn...
           | 
           | A quote from The NY Times article:
           | 
           | "The first two suspects' DNA was part of the mixture, and
           | most labs correctly matched their DNA to the evidence.
           | However, 74 labs wrongly said the sample included DNA
           | evidence from the third suspect, an "innocent person" who
           | should have been cleared of the hypothetical felony."
           | 
           | There were 108 labs tested. 74 of 108 fingered an innocent
           | person.
           | 
           | As long as DNA forensics processes are open source, we should
           | be good, because the questionable component is the
           | implementation, not the base science.
           | 
           | But, closed source DNA forensics is dangerous, I think.
        
       | kolanos wrote:
       | Here's a list of suspected perpetrators of crimes identified via
       | genealogy databases. [0] This case is not in this list (yet).
       | 
       | [0]:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_suspected_perpetrators...
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-06-12 23:01 UTC)