[HN Gopher] Brain-Computer Interface Smashes Previous Record for...
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       Brain-Computer Interface Smashes Previous Record for Typing Speed
        
       Author : 5rest
       Score  : 127 points
       Date   : 2021-06-07 13:34 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (spectrum.ieee.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (spectrum.ieee.org)
        
       | fouric wrote:
       | > The fastest of these previous typing-by-brain experiments
       | allowed people to type about 40 characters, or 8 words, per
       | minute.
       | 
       | Ah, so it's previous record for _BCI typing speed_ , not "typing
       | speed" in general. Original headline (on IEEE side) is
       | misleading.
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | For the record, it looks like the record for typing on standard
         | keyboards is 212 WPM (on both QWERTY and DVORAK, amusingly),
         | while the record on a stenography keyboard is 375 WPM.
        
           | SomewhatLikely wrote:
           | Any idea on the speed of dictation?
           | 
           | Edit: Found a reference that average dictation speed is
           | around 150wpm, but also mentions some tests going up to
           | almost 300. So it would seem the average person could be
           | almost 4 times faster speaking rather than typing.
           | https://www.reference.com/business-finance/average-
           | dictation...
        
         | anandoza wrote:
         | Yes, I thought the exact same as you -- that the headline meant
         | a BCI achieved like 400 wpm or something.
        
       | Dumblydorr wrote:
       | What's the better measure of typing speed: full words correct
       | with no typos, or full words typos included?
       | 
       | A buddy of mine used some timing app for our typing speeds, you
       | had to backspace repeatedly to retype a word if you misspelled
       | it. I argued that is unrealistic, you can just use spell check or
       | just catch the typos during your editing read through.
        
         | martin_a wrote:
         | > What's the better measure of typing speed
         | 
         | Full words correct with no typos.
         | 
         | If you want to measure this, you're interested in the
         | combination of reading speed and muscle memory while typing. If
         | you're making typos, your muscle memory is not good. Using a
         | spell checker to automatically fix those words... Well, the
         | number is not comparable, then.
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | How does 'muscle memory' apply to a brain computer interface?
        
             | martin_a wrote:
             | OP was talking about comparing typing speeds with his
             | buddy, not the neural interface.
        
           | Jeff_Brown wrote:
           | That feels pedantic to me. A more important, but also more
           | difficult, measure would be of information conveyed,
           | regardless of how it's accomplished.
           | 
           | A very effective friend of mine once said if your messages
           | are perfect you're spending the oo much time on them.
        
             | Izkata wrote:
             | > the oo much time
             | 
             | Was that intentional? Looks like the other two replies may
             | have read right past that without noticing it...
        
             | martin_a wrote:
             | "Measuring typing speed" is just silly, if you ask me. For
             | the reasons you already pointed out.
             | 
             | Typing speed is not about understanding information to its
             | fullest, it's just a somewhat quirky metric for the speed
             | of replication of words.
        
             | D13Fd wrote:
             | It depends on the context. If you write for a living, then
             | one relevant metric is how quickly you type with no errors
             | (although perhaps a better metric would be how quickly you
             | get error-free work product out, including revisions).
             | 
             | If you're talking about who can send text messages to
             | another person faster, then the "typos included" metric
             | makes more sense.
        
         | mech422 wrote:
         | My typing class in high school only accepted perfect speed
         | tests. No errors at all. Given how many typos I see in even
         | business correspondence, I wonder if 'editing read through' has
         | gone the way of the manual typewriter :-P
        
       | castis wrote:
       | This is the "next" technology I'm excited about. A cap/something
       | that lets me provide another input device to my machine where I
       | can treat it like a keyboard. Imagine being able to think about a
       | chord and have that input sent to stdin.
       | 
       | What could be extra cool is just imagining a loop construct in
       | your head and it just appears in your text editor.
       | 
       | Is there already a scene for this? Sign me up.
        
         | Jeff_Brown wrote:
         | I'll be excited when it lets me do things I can't yet, like
         | control a second pair of arms. Every piano player's dream.
        
           | twobitshifter wrote:
           | Robotic extra thumb:
           | https://www.newscientist.com/article/2277955-this-robotic-
           | ex...
           | 
           | But they use toes to control the thumb instead of BMI.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | I write at 50 wpm, type at 100, and speak at 150, a brain
       | interface would have to be 300 or more to make it worth wearing
       | another wearable.
        
         | D13Fd wrote:
         | That's surprising to me. I mean, if I could put on a headband
         | or hat and "type," hands free and wirelessly, on any connected
         | Bluetooth device, that would be pretty incredible even if it
         | only went at a portion of my current speed/accuracy.
         | 
         | Obviously, that's still sci fi at this point, but that's what
         | you seem to be rejecting here.
         | 
         | To each their own, I guess.
        
         | Jeff_Brown wrote:
         | I type only slightly.slower than I think, so really no keyboard
         | interface would be worth my while.
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | This is a really good point, I work in an area that requires
           | careful written communication. So sometimes my thought output
           | is only five words per minute, and that includes multiple
           | revisions which would look crazy using a brain interface. :)
        
       | ckemere wrote:
       | Lots of discussion of WPM speed. Prof. Shenoy presented at our
       | weekly seminar (shameless plug - https://twitter.com/RiceNeuro) a
       | couple of weeks ago. I think he considers the goal to be reaching
       | the rate of speech, which is about 150 WPM. Beyond that, I think
       | that there's a strong argument that our brain is not completely
       | generating/processing thought fast enough to substantially
       | increase output rate.
        
       | formerly_proven wrote:
       | > A machine learning algorithm then decodes the brain patterns
       | associated with each letter, and a computer displays the letters
       | on a screen. The participant was able to communicate at about 90
       | characters, or 18 words, per minute.
       | 
       | > By comparison, able-bodied people close in age to the study
       | participant can type on a smartphone at about 23 words per
       | minute, the authors say. Adults can type on a full keyboard at an
       | average of about 40 words per minute.
       | 
       | I had no idea average typing speed is this slow, though the
       | extreme slowness of touchscreen typing is no surprise.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | 65 year olds now had the same 30+ years as everyone else to get
         | up to speed on computers but most still lean on the "hey you
         | know I'm X-years old so you know me and computers don't get
         | along especially with the texting heh heh"
         | 
         | As there are also plenty of competent typists and computer
         | users at that age, It's all about the influences, wonder how I
         | can avoid that and brain plasticity excuses
        
           | Zancarius wrote:
           | > It's all about the influences
           | 
           | This is key. Everything else is an excuse.
           | 
           | My Mum is in her 70s and until she lost feeling in one of her
           | hands (chemotherapy 23-ish years ago) she was an exceedingly
           | fast touch typist. Even without feeling in her hands, she
           | could still type at ~40 WPM, possibly higher depending on
           | what she was typing. Arthritis means she now mostly uses a
           | tablet.
           | 
           | But looking at other people in that age range, I can think of
           | literally zero from church who even know how to touch type.
           | It's probably the difference between someone who had to do
           | secretarial work and someone who did not.
           | 
           | I do think your first statement is absolutely on the mark.
           | e.g., "I'm old, and I don't understand it, so I won't try."
           | 
           | The old adage is still true: Whether you think you can or you
           | can't you're probably right.
        
             | throwawayboise wrote:
             | As someone who is older, I'd phrase it slightly
             | differently. "I'm old, my time on earth will be gone in
             | less time than you've been alive, this thing you're all
             | excited about seems silly and pointless and doesn't solve
             | any problem I have, so I won't waste any of my precious
             | time on it."
             | 
             | This is part of why I've never used Facebook, Twitter, or
             | any of the rest of it.
        
               | elmomle wrote:
               | Makes sense, though I think the same reasoning is often
               | used to excuse obviously inefficient habits. Spending a
               | week to learn to competently use a computer would likely
               | save most people much more than a week over the following
               | ten or even five years.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > wonder how I can avoid that and brain plasticity excuses
           | 
           | I've worked on this question personally. I decided that the
           | obvious first step to gaining the mental flexibility of
           | youth, is to mimic youth:
           | 
           | * Explore: When we're young, we constantly try new things,
           | even when there isn't an apparent ROI. We try new arts, new
           | experiences, new ideas, new hobbies, etc. We are not afraid
           | to ignore the established way and invest in something new -
           | often for the novelty (or rebellion) of it. We give the new
           | things time; we play. We are curious, not critical - we
           | wonder why and explore the idea instead of criticizing it and
           | shutting it down. When we are old, we often stick to what we
           | know well and criticize the rest.
           | 
           | * Push yourself: In school or as a junior employee, you can't
           | say 'I've always done it this way' or 'I'm not interested in
           | learning something new'. You have to learn and adapt. When
           | we're old, power corrupts - most people make those excuses
           | and they are generally accepted. Nobody else will push you,
           | as a rule.
           | 
           | There are limits in life; I don't have as much free time now
           | as when I was young, but that's not a deal-breaker (and I use
           | time much more efficiently now, including by prioritizing and
           | by knowing myself much better). Also, I don't 'play' like a 6
           | year old or even a 25 year old; I do it my way.
           | 
           | I also saw it as an interesting experiment: How much of
           | mental changes were due to changes in practice and how much
           | due to biology. I can't provide empirical data but especially
           | Exploration seems to have changed my life, not only mentally
           | but significantly, emotionally: I'm much more optimistic,
           | less jaded, and more emotionally connected than I was. Life
           | is invigorating. A warning though: I'm challenging some norms
           | of age and therefore peers don't grasp and sometimes reject
           | me. I wish I could get through to them.
        
         | alpaca128 wrote:
         | I'm curious about the WPM test methodology; for example if all
         | those studies use a standardised method or not. Because at
         | least the various WPM testing tools and websites are extremely
         | inconsistent in different aspects.
         | 
         | My own typing speed ranges from ~40WPM to ~110WPM depending on
         | what tool or test method I'm using. For example some tests just
         | use any random word from the dictionary, which of course
         | includes very long and complicated ones, others go as far as to
         | limit themselves to the 100 most common English words. And even
         | with those factors being identical I can still get different
         | speeds depending on the UI; the cursor movement, presentation
         | of the text and input latency all have a measurable impact on
         | the end result.
        
         | airstrike wrote:
         | Touchscreen typing on native keyboards always feels slow to me,
         | but with apps like SwiftKey which remap the boundaries of the
         | virtual keyboard to better match your intended keystrokes I can
         | type significantly faster. Add swiping and completion to that
         | and I'm pretty confident one can easily beat that 23wpm mark
        
           | math-dev wrote:
           | I thought Apple had a patent on this technology, interesting
           | to see others do it
        
         | gxs wrote:
         | My average typing speed is 80-110, but I can max out at 121.
         | This is for standard english words, not the crazy blocks of
         | letters and special characters used for competition, which IMO
         | isn't practical for the average user.
         | 
         | I actually spend a few minutes every few weeks taking typing
         | tests etc, as it's a valuable skill to me.
         | 
         | I figure if the average typing speed is somewhere between 50-80
         | WPM, if I can type 50% faster, in theory, I'm responding to
         | emails and commenting in general 50% faster.
         | 
         | It's just a nicer experience using a computer if you can type
         | fast. Sometimes it's easier to command-backspace and retype an
         | entire line/word than it is to move the cursor and correct the
         | error. It's also just plain nice to have only your thoughts to
         | worry about when typing and not have the cognitive overhead of
         | trying to keep track of where all the letters on the keyboard
         | are.
         | 
         | All in all, I would recommend improving your typing speed if
         | you spend any type of meaningful time on a computer.
         | 
         | A fun 1-minute test that is somewhat practical here:
         | 10fastfingers.com
        
           | j7ake wrote:
           | Are tasks like responding to emails and adding comments
           | limited by typing speed ? I would have guessed most typing
           | tasks aside from copying text are limited by knowing what to
           | type.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | Sometimes, yes. If your brain gets too far ahead of your
             | writing, then you need to pause thinking or you miss stuff.
             | 
             | If this happens to you a lot, you might benefit from
             | training your typing speed up. (or writing, or dictating,
             | or whatever)
        
         | bigdubs wrote:
         | Keyboard wpm is about double; ~37-44wpm is P50. Still not super
         | fast though.
        
         | Aerroon wrote:
         | I can do about 45-50 wpm on my phone with swype typing. It
         | would probably be faster, but words like "our" and "off" are
         | hard because it seems like it's luck whether the keyboard picks
         | "or" or "our", of/off.
         | 
         | Swype is pretty great for writing with a phone. I kind of wish
         | there was an improved Swype though.
        
           | Cheetah26 wrote:
           | Swype is absolutely fantastic when it works right. I also
           | agree that it would greatly benefit from having a better
           | algorithm behind it.
           | 
           | Given how accurate search suggestion algorithms are becoming,
           | I find it surprising that keyboard suggestions are as bad as
           | they are. If swype could have the same predictive abilities
           | as search engines it would be a major boost in speed and
           | comfort.
        
         | vgeek wrote:
         | I feel obligated to mention https://typeracer.com
        
           | neosat wrote:
           | Addictive. Thanks for sharing :)
        
           | hughrr wrote:
           | Well there went the last 30 minutes of my life. Turns out I
           | can sustain 86wpm which is better than I expected. Was fun.
           | Thank you :)
        
       | justnotworthit wrote:
       | The money shot: https://youtu.be/pcApwQxbagg?t=55
        
       | mxmilkiib wrote:
       | How long until an inner monologue cannot hide from the
       | "authorities"?
       | 
       | Also, Macross Plus, spoiler, for the subconscious throwing up
       | images in a high stress environment;
       | https://youtube.com/watch?t=2077&v=Fgg6p9gSeR0
        
       | newsbinator wrote:
       | > "It's at least half way to able-bodied typing speed, and that's
       | why this paper is in Nature."
        
         | lunixbochs wrote:
         | > The participant was able to communicate at about 90
         | characters, or 18 words, per minute.
         | 
         | > By comparison, able-bodied people close in age to the study
         | participant can type on a smartphone at about 23 words per
         | minute, the authors say. Adults can type on a full keyboard at
         | an average of about 40 words per minute.
        
           | opan wrote:
           | Thanks, I thought from the headline this was enabling over
           | 200wpm maybe.
        
             | zyemuzu wrote:
             | Same. One of the reasons I hate using my phone to type is
             | how slow I am compared to using a full keyboard. This would
             | be hell for me.
        
               | goldenkey wrote:
               | The current generation is a bunch of thumb typers. Ye
               | abandon all hope..
        
               | toomanyducks wrote:
               | I'll second the other Gen z person in the replies and say
               | that lots of us hate thumb typing and if we're going to
               | generalize across every single living person by one
               | factor, my experience is that typing speed goes down with
               | age.
        
               | codefined wrote:
               | I don't know if it's cultural, but as someone of the
               | 'current generation' (Gen Z), I feel that the opposite is
               | true and typing speeds increase as you get younger (to
               | some limit).
               | 
               | I've tried to back this up and only found a single,
               | questionable, data source[0] on the topic but I do attend
               | several typing competitions and some of the young ages
               | are phenomenal. I was beaten a few months ago by a 15
               | year old who was typing >220wpm+ for 5 minutes.
               | 
               | [0] http://drwes.blogspot.com/2011/01/results-are-in-age-
               | vs-typi...
        
               | InvaderFizz wrote:
               | The original iPhone is the perfect size for my hands and
               | thumb typing.
               | 
               | I was quite fast in landscape due to the placement of
               | everything and my ability to also rock the phone while I
               | typed. This increased my speed dramatically.
               | 
               | Sadly, that is not really an option anymore as I gladly
               | give it up for the larger real estate of the 6" models.
               | 
               | If I have something long to say and I'm not too concerned
               | about accuracy, I just use text to speech.
        
               | Jeff_Brown wrote:
               | That makes me wonder whether cell phones should let you
               | customize the keyboard, esp. the size of it.
        
           | meowface wrote:
           | I used to type "semi-competitively" (aka just spending a lot
           | of time on typeracer.com) and could get around 170 WPM if I
           | put enough effort into it. (At least when I was younger.
           | Probably slower now.)
           | 
           | 18 WPM would make me feel like a snail. However, I feel
           | fairly confident that within 1 - 3 decades some kind of BCI
           | will let any user surpass the equivalent of 200 - 300 WPM
           | after a bit of training. And hopefully even with a device
           | that sits on your head rather than in your brain.
           | 
           | So I'm just kind of looking at this like ML research circa
           | 1990. We're hardly even in the infancy stage yet.
        
             | toomanyducks wrote:
             | Where do you get that confidence? Reading the article, I'm
             | mostly seeing somewhat deliberately hyped-up claims and
             | hand-wavey references to AI, neither of which give me much
             | confidence in this tech taking a tremendous leap anytime
             | soon. Still _very_ impressive, but as someone who knows
             | nothing about the tech, I 'm not sure why I should expect
             | it to improve so quickly?
        
               | faichai wrote:
               | The fact that we can apparently detect repeatable
               | patterns of brain activity, and do it across a few
               | modalities (handwriting, cursor movements) shows that a
               | lot of the core problems are solved. We've achieved Proof
               | of Concept.
               | 
               | With greater sensor fidelity, greater quantity of data,
               | improved ML approaches combined with alternate detection
               | targets (particularly subvocalisation) means that getting
               | to faster than parity WPM seems like a realistic result.
               | Incremental improvements to tech is something we humans
               | are quite good at.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | will such an interface ever be possible without invasive implants
       | in your brain?
        
         | carapace wrote:
         | Yes. The "secret" is to use hypnosis to "program" your
         | unconscious mind to emit signals corresponding to your
         | conscious "stream of thought". The result is a subjective
         | experience of thinking words and they appear on the screen.
         | Someone else in this thread speculated about e.g. controlling
         | an extra pair of (artificial) arms to play the piano with four
         | hands. That sort of thing should be straightforward too.
         | 
         | In re: the technology to take the signals and transduce them to
         | e.g. a byte-stream without surgery. First was Galvanic Skin
         | Response, then when IMUs (Inertial Measurement Units) were
         | miniaturized enough you could use those instead of GVR,
         | nowadays (as I mentioned in a sib comment) you can use a camera
         | and ML to recognize e.g. muscle twitches in the face or whole
         | body.
         | 
         | (I have no idea why people are not more interested in this
         | angle, even BCI enthusiasts seem to have a blindspot here and
         | just go on about surgery and implants. If anyone is interested,
         | let me know and I can explain further. FWIW, I don't bother to
         | do this myself because I can already type as fast as I need to.
         | In fact, I was a hunt-and-peck typist for years! I'm not proud,
         | just explaining why _I_ don 't bother to explore hypnotic low-
         | tech BCI.)
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | computerlab wrote:
           | I'm interested in hearing more about this approach, are there
           | any papers on it? I see two different ideas here: the use of
           | hypnosis to create unconscious "hooks" into conscious
           | thought. This could be useful if for whatever reason certain
           | features of conscious are not easy to detect (another comment
           | mentioned that it's harder to get clear signals from the
           | frontal cortex). Then there is the idea of using muscle
           | twitched / GVS as an information channel. It seems hard to
           | get a high bandwidth from this (compared to invasive or EEG-
           | like approaches).
        
             | carapace wrote:
             | Cheers, and thanks for asking. :)
             | 
             | > are there any papers on it?
             | 
             | None that I know of, but I have never looked. Hypnosis in
             | general has a hard time being accepted by conventional
             | science (going back to Mesmer and Ben Franklin.)
             | 
             | > the use of hypnosis to create unconscious "hooks" into
             | conscious thought.
             | 
             | Yes, this was literally one of the first things I learned
             | when I started studying and using hypnosis: a binary
             | Boolean signal from my unconscious to my conscious minds
             | (idiosyncratically we (my conscious and unconscious minds)
             | settled on twitch of the right arm shoulder for yes, left
             | for no. Technically it's a _trinary_ signal, with no twitch
             | indicating a  "reformulate the query" or "does not compute"
             | response.)
             | 
             | Really, the thing to do is improve communication and report
             | between the unconscious and conscious minds, operating with
             | deliberate cooperation (rather than the _ad hoc_
             | programming you get from life.) E.g. when I play chess I do
             | not think about the moves, I look at the board and  "just
             | know" which move to make. I can actually decide whether to
             | beat someone or lose, and by what degree! (As you can
             | imagine, it makes chess dull.)
             | 
             | > This could be useful if for whatever reason certain
             | features of conscious are not easy to detect (another
             | comment mentioned that it's harder to get clear signals
             | from the frontal cortex).
             | 
             | Yes, translating and amplifying signals is trivial, your
             | brain does it all the time. However the entire point of
             | having a "conscious mind" is tied up in being easy to
             | detect. The ego is a communication device.
             | 
             | > Then there is the idea of using muscle twitched / GVS as
             | an information channel. It seems hard to get a high
             | bandwidth from this (compared to invasive or EEG-like
             | approaches).
             | 
             | I actually have no clear idea of the bandwidth limits from
             | the unconscious mind to some specific sensor system. Keep
             | in mind that touch typing is already a form of this: the
             | unconscious mind moves the fingers and a stream of text
             | goes into the computer. Achieving that sort of bandwidth
             | should be no problem: set up a binary signal on each finger
             | and an "ACK" on the thumb and you can transmit bytes in
             | parallel, eh? Build something like this "squeezebox"
             | keyboard[1] or a dataglove[2] and use chords from greater
             | bandwidth.
             | 
             | We also have the face, a high-bandwidth output channel, and
             | I have no doubt that a camera (or two) with a simple neural
             | net could be used to train the system to recognize facial
             | tics and expressions. You would have to be a little
             | sophisticated in how you set up the feedback loops: you
             | want to settle on motions that are easy for the face to
             | make and for the NN to recognize. That's kind of a neat
             | thought experiment. (No pun intended.)
             | 
             | I don't doubt that you could get higher bandwidth from
             | implants, I just don't think it's worth the surgery (for
             | able-bodied folk. For people with paralysis it makes more
             | sense.) Not EEG though (I know a neuroscientist who has
             | experience with high density EEG and from what I gather
             | it's just not that great. Like trying to find whales by
             | analyzing surface waves.)
             | 
             | [1] https://peterlyons.com/problog/2021/04/squeezebox-
             | keyboard/
             | 
             | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataglove
        
         | Jeff_Brown wrote:
         | Depending on how much precision you need, it's already
         | possible. An external interface can read gross changes in
         | electrical activity that a person can learn to control. But
         | it's pathetic compared to what the nerves can do.
        
       | doggodaddo78 wrote:
       | Speaking of BCI, there are startups intent on implanting
       | thousands of nanoscale sensors directly in the brain to gather
       | copious amounts of data directly.
        
         | slver wrote:
         | I wouldn't call it "copious amounts of data directly" you still
         | gotta train yourself to use it, and the interface itself should
         | train itself to recognize it.
         | 
         | It might be enough to make people walk again though.
        
         | onion2k wrote:
         | "You are seeing this advert because we detected that you
         | thought about the Budwesier 'Wassup!' advert that aired 22
         | years ago and it increased dopamine uptake by 3.7%"
        
       | spollo wrote:
       | Interesting that the method for this interface was imagining
       | writing the word, I guess too many random thoughts would enter
       | your writing if it was just based on mental-verbalizing (saying
       | it in your head).
       | 
       | It would be really cool to have a BCI that runs off mental-
       | verbalizing and have a chopper style rapper use it (eg. Busta
       | Rhymes). Imagine people doing transcription learning chopping as
       | skill to get an edge on their job!
        
       | lmilcin wrote:
       | Okay, first of all, this is great achievement.
       | 
       | But comparing speeds isn't really necessary or even relevant. For
       | a person that literally has no other way to communicate nobody
       | will be complaining the can type 20% slower than a person with a
       | smartphone. The fact they can type at all is important.
       | 
       | Now, for the speeds, I type 80wpm/400cpm but what is more
       | important I can also freely think while I do so. I don't even
       | know consciously where the keys are on the keyboard, I need to
       | focus on a character and then see where the finger goes as if I
       | was bystander, a passenger of a mech body that observes it do
       | something.
       | 
       | I can only assume that writing with brain-computer interface
       | requires incredible focus and most likely engagement of visual
       | cortex which would preclude from using it for anything else (so
       | no ability to imagine any imagery while typing).
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Most people use their visual cortex to see what they are
         | typing, though.
         | 
         | EDIT: I mean, on the screen (and perhaps some on their
         | keyboards).
        
           | grogenaut wrote:
           | I look away from the screen while typing especially in bars,
           | when I've got a long chain to get in. This has the side
           | effect of having a few particular old dudes tell me to fuck
           | off every once and a while, stop showings off... As I slam
           | out 90wpm and look blankly past them.
        
           | lmilcin wrote:
           | Only while they are learning. Have you noticed when you type
           | on the phone your fingers are flying more or less without you
           | having to actually search for the letter?
           | 
           | I have wondered about this and I think what is happening you
           | actually learn the qwerty layout on your phone and the
           | fingers already know more or less where to go and what you do
           | visually is to just aim where your finger needs to go (ie
           | find the center of the button) and the rest (like reading the
           | letter) is most likely redundant.
           | 
           | I don't know how to or have time to test this, though.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | aaron-santos wrote:
         | Why make a cynical assumption at all? Francis R. Willett,
         | Donald T. Avansino, Leigh R. Hochberg, Jaimie M. Henderson, and
         | Krishna V. Shenoy are real people. You could, you know, just
         | ask them.
        
           | lmilcin wrote:
           | What cynical assumption? It is well known visual cortex can't
           | do too many things at the same time. The famous gorilla
           | experiment shows this. And if you need to imagine anything
           | graphical it most likely involves visual cortex.
        
         | EMM_386 wrote:
         | > But comparing speeds isn't really necessary or even relevant.
         | 
         | This isn't a comparison between this and typing on a keyboard.
         | 
         | It's a comparison to the prior state of the art in this
         | technology.
        
       | ramshanker wrote:
       | Once this read the mind thing matures, so much of the software
       | will have to be rewritten. Even now sometimes I have to joke
       | around in office "PC is slower than me" because I gave certain
       | commands in sequence and it is still performing them one by one
       | while I wait for computer to catch up. Now imaging this, command
       | directly from brain to the machine. In engineering world, It
       | would increase the productivity by at et least 4x I guess.
       | 
       | Currently to draw a line in AutoCAD, I have to either move the
       | mouse to a "line" button and click it. OR type a command "line"
       | if my hands are on keyboard. Now If I had a direct interface with
       | the machine, just the the thought of "Draw a line" and software
       | is line-drawing mode. Add eye tracking to it, and I simply look
       | at the point on the screen when line shall start and say in my
       | head "here"...... opportuties are endless.
       | 
       | Computer will have difficult time catching up with the amount of
       | commands we are capable of issuing to it. BRING IT ON.
       | 
       | It was 2006, when I did Speec-To-Text data entry of 200+ mobile
       | numbers using good old Windows XP. Progress seems to be have been
       | too slow since than.
        
         | whereis wrote:
         | the ideal CAD operator has a series of personalized single key
         | shortcuts on their left hand.
         | 
         | I challenge you to put your top ten commands on single key or
         | double-same key (e.g. zz) shortcuts on the left side of the
         | keyboard. Your CAD skills will speed up significantly once
         | these become muscle memory.
        
       | carapace wrote:
       | Apologies to those who've heard it before, but whenever BCI comes
       | up I feel obliged to point out that, when you connect a computer
       | to a brain, the _brain_ is the more sophisticated information
       | processor.
       | 
       | Use hypnosis.
       | 
       | You can have effective fast communication to the machine without
       | any fancy technology (and certainly without surgery!) The
       | subjective experience is "think to type". I expect that these
       | days you can use a camera and ML to "read thoughts" directly from
       | facial muscles, no need for GVR or IMUs on the fingers.
        
       | lhousa wrote:
       | Shiny title with the actual typing speed so well hidden.
        
         | slver wrote:
         | 18 words/min
        
         | SamBam wrote:
         | It's silly that it's hidden, because 18 WPM for a quadriplegic
         | still seems extremely impressive to me, given that it's just
         | working from brain electrodes and not some muscle the person
         | can control. Yes, the headline is silly, because by hiding it
         | it ended up causing the snark about 18 WPM being slow.
         | 
         | I'm surprised, though, that the most efficient way to do this
         | is still to have the person imagine physically drawing the
         | letters by hand. I know motor neurons are probably our most
         | reliable output, but I would still think that, with all the
         | advances in training from noisy data in the past decade, that
         | training what the _thought_ of  "A", "B" etc look like in the
         | head would be doable.
         | 
         | Or even what the thought of _hearing_ or _saying_ "A", "B" etc
         | looks like. The auditory cortex is activated when we imagine
         | sounds. Or, if they wanted to stick to motor neurons, could
         | they have the person imagine saying the letters with their
         | mouth?
         | 
         | I'm sure they've thought about this stuff and it's harder than
         | it seems, of course. But I would just predict that brain-
         | computer interfaces 20 years from now won't involve imagining
         | using your hand to write letters.
        
           | goodpoint wrote:
           | > 18 WPM for a quadriplegic still seems extremely impressive
           | to me
           | 
           | Honest question: how so? We should expect a direct neural
           | interface to far exceed the speed of any manual input device,
           | especially after 40-50 years of research.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | Because manual input devices aren't available to
             | quadriplegics and earlier solutions (e.g. sip/puff
             | controller used to select single letters from an on-screen
             | keyboard) are relatively very slow.
        
           | grogenaut wrote:
           | When typing in passwords on a phone I have to visualize the
           | keystrokes by thinking about the finger movements and
           | concentrating on my forearms without really moving my
           | fingers. Generally once fast and once slow to think about the
           | actual activations.
        
           | etrautmann wrote:
           | Great point! The electrode arrays used in these studies are
           | implanted in the participants' motor cortex in an area called
           | the "hand knob". Neurons here are highly modulated during
           | motor output, not only for the hand, but also for the rest of
           | the body. This area is close to the output though, and
           | abstract higher-level features like the "idea of an A" isn't
           | likely to be decodable from neurons there. Future research is
           | looking at exactly this, but will likely require recording in
           | a different area.
           | 
           | For context, I did my PhD in the lab that did the work in
           | this article.
        
       | drbojingle wrote:
       | The great thing about this is that with the proper use of
       | snippets and auto completion 90 characters per minute can quickly
       | translates to more than 18 wpm.
        
       | hoppyhoppy2 wrote:
       | Previously on HN: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27134049
        
       | twotwotwo wrote:
       | A neat thing is this uses a language model reduce the error rate
       | a lot. Autocorrect, conceptually, though theirs is offline rather
       | than as-you-input. In a way the clever software involved is maybe
       | the thing that most makes it relevant to this site.
       | 
       | Other tricks we use for noisy touchscreen input could apply here
       | too. For one thing, we've got different models for to collect
       | input. You could try offering autocompletions/predictions to make
       | typing long words faster (long a thing in e.g. single-switch
       | input tools), if watching a screen doesn't slow the person down
       | much. You could try a swipe-like flow where you collect a chunk
       | of data imprecisely but fast (mentally type or scribble a whole
       | word, say), then offer choices.
       | 
       | (Thinking about other extremes, I wonder if there's a way at
       | faster input using a T9-like reduced alphabet (3x3 grid, pick row
       | and column?) or something like that. Or if it could someday work
       | to for people to try to speak or visualize words instead of
       | handwrite.)
       | 
       | You might be able to glue the letter decoding and language model
       | together more closely--feed the letter-decoding NN's uncertainty
       | and less-probable guesses (25% chance this 'e' was really an 'l')
       | to the lang model.
       | 
       | You could learn a person-specific language model, seeding it with
       | a person's writings/speech before the injury or disease (if
       | available), whatever else you think they might need
       | (family/friend names, care requests, etc.), and training the
       | language model as they use the interface (paper already does that
       | with the character-recognizing model).
       | 
       | You could do explicit "mutual training"--while the machine
       | samples how you write letters, it can show you its certainty
       | scores (based on the model it has so far) or maybe something
       | graphical to help you write the letters how it expects
       | (exaggerate certain differences etc.). They already have an
       | "optimized alphabet" that maximizes the machine-visible
       | differences between letters.
       | 
       | From their paper, the existing language model already did very
       | well at producing clean results in this test, but the more you
       | can refine the cleanup, the more you can potentially sacrifice
       | cleanliness of input for greater speed, and maybe get closer to
       | speaking rate.
       | 
       | FWIW some Googling found
       | http://web.stanford.edu/~shenoy/GroupPublications/WillettEtA...
        
       | goldenkey wrote:
       | Knowing that the average typing speed of adult humans is a measly
       | 40 wpm gives me more faith in the failure of our species.
       | 
       | Sir Francis Galton pioneered the study of psychometrics which
       | showed that intelligence is positively correlated with reaction
       | speed. So it's not surprising that the average person is slow at
       | a cognitive task like typing..
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Galton
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychometrics
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jensen_box
        
         | haskellandchill wrote:
         | > Knowing that the average typing speed of adult humans is a
         | measly 40 wpm gives me more faith in the failure of our
         | species.
         | 
         | Uh, that we can even type is in and of itself a wondrous thing.
         | Enjoy your miasma.
        
           | goldenkey wrote:
           | Biology is just carbon based circuitry based on digital base
           | 4 (DNA.) Electronics are just as messy with tin whiskers,
           | fried resistors, capacitors, memory errors, clock mistimings,
           | etc.. Energy itself is miasma. But okay, I'll enjoy my
           | privileged "human" miasma ;-)
        
         | The_rationalist wrote:
         | Are there any study precisely correlating IQ with writing
         | speed?
        
           | zentiggr wrote:
           | I'm pretty much done citing anything mentioning IQ since it's
           | been so thoroughly 'debunked'.
           | 
           | And I'm at least partly a victim of the "but your IQ is so
           | high - you could do so much!" expectation trap. At least
           | until I learned to let go of other people's expectations and
           | just be myself.
        
         | pythonlion wrote:
         | Humans typing slow, the end is near! It doesn't matter how fast
         | you type what matter is you don't always type stuff like this
        
           | lallysingh wrote:
           | .. even worse is how slowly we think!!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | user3939382 wrote:
       | It's been clear to me for several years that the future of
       | computing is BCI coupled with augmented reality.
       | 
       | However, considering how much the now-normalized ill effects of
       | the digital privacy dystopia we're already living in would be
       | multiplied by that development, I really fear for the future.
        
       | superkuh wrote:
       | It's too bad the ieee.org site itself no longer has words on it.
       | It's just a javascript application spinner gif.
        
         | rareform wrote:
         | works for me, it auto-reloads the page for some reason tho
        
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