[HN Gopher] The Absurdity of Peer Review: What the Pandemic Reve...
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       The Absurdity of Peer Review: What the Pandemic Revealed
        
       Author : akvadrako
       Score  : 16 points
       Date   : 2021-06-06 21:18 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (elemental.medium.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (elemental.medium.com)
        
       | Tycho wrote:
       | I mean, seems pretty obvious, on the face of it, that enshrining
       | a practice like peer review would lead to disingenuous gate-
       | keeping, normalcy bias, intellectual sloppiness, politicisation,
       | cliques, groupthink, obscurantism and nerdification.
        
       | tinus_hn wrote:
       | If anything the pandemic made clear that science absolutely
       | requires peer review, otherwise opinions get elevated to facts
       | and at the end the reputation of science itself is in shambles.
       | 
       | 'It is ridiculous to think covid-19 could have originated in a
       | lab'
       | 
       | 'Covid-19 spreads through touching surfaces'
       | 
       | 'Hydroxychloroquine cures covid-19'
       | 
       | 'Hydroxychloroquine does not cure covid-19'
       | 
       | 'Any opinions that go against this popular scientific stance are
       | dangerous and should be blocked'
        
         | makomk wrote:
         | One of the worst hydroxychloroquine studies - the now-retracted
         | one in the Lancet claiming that patients receiving the drug
         | were dying at a higher rate, which appears to have used
         | completely fake data and where there was no possible way they
         | could've got the data they purported to have used - was in fact
         | peer reviewed. Peer review really doesn't do as much as people
         | seem to think it does.
        
           | AwaAwa wrote:
           | The problem is that "peers" of a like mind are easily found,
           | when churning papers is rewarded. Quantity beats Quality in
           | today's world.
        
           | xg15 wrote:
           | So then what? Even if peer review does not solve the problem
           | of bad research completely, it certainly mitigates it better
           | than not doing anything.
           | 
           | How would you solve this problem?
        
             | TigeriusKirk wrote:
             | By attributing less weight to the imprimatur of peer
             | review.
             | 
             | It's a sign that something might well hold up, but it's not
             | definitive. I think people know this about their own field,
             | and then immediately forget it when dealing with another
             | field.
        
             | User23 wrote:
             | > Even if peer review does not solve the problem of bad
             | research completely, it certainly mitigates it better than
             | not doing anything.
             | 
             | This isn't self-evident. In fact, it's conceivable that
             | peer review could actually lower the quality of published
             | research by delaying paradigm shifting work from seeing the
             | light of day.
        
             | IncRnd wrote:
             | How? If someone is going to rely upon the conclusions of a
             | paper, simply read that paper and evaluate the claims. i.e.
             | stop the sole use of the titles of papers and their cliffs
             | notes to support a point.
        
         | throawayu7748 wrote:
         | _It is ridiculous to think covid-19 could have originated in a
         | lab'_
         | 
         | Have there been any peer-reviewed studies that unambiguously
         | _admit_ the possibility that Covid-19 may have originated in a
         | lab? Although I think it 's something that needs serious
         | consideration, the alleged lack of Medical Reliable Sources
         | (basically medical journal articles) is being used aggressively
         | by a small group of editors on Wikipedia to enforce the line
         | that a lab leak is "conspiracy theory".
        
       | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
       | > only one of Einstein's 300 or so published papers was ever
       | peer-reviewed, which so disgusted him that he never submitted a
       | paper to that journal again
       | 
       | I never thought of this, and it is one of those shifts in habits
       | and uses that go unremarked (until, of course, someone points
       | them out like this piece did).
       | 
       | Perhaps due to the industrialization of research after the middle
       | of the XX century?
       | 
       | Now that we don't really need to publish in journals, since
       | anything can be made available on the internet, the filter of
       | credibility can also be changed - for instance to something like
       | being cited approvingly by other reputable researchers.
        
       | jdikatz wrote:
       | Even if peer review doesn't _actually_ signal paper quality, it
       | 's still useful for science journalists to note whether a paper
       | is in its final form or still a work in progress. Referring to
       | unpublished papers as "pre-prints" or "working papers" could be a
       | less biased way to do so.
       | 
       | Also, it's hard to tell whether peer review actually improves
       | paper quality by comparing published / unpublished papers in a
       | world _with_ peer review, where everyone is writing with the
       | knowledge they 'll be intensely scrutinized. Without some sort of
       | detailed review process -- even one that's potentially deeply
       | flawed -- researchers would have fewer incentives to be careful.
        
       | xg15 wrote:
       | Ok, so what's the alternative to peer review then? We'll "just
       | know" when that paper/blog entry/tweet/4chan post is written by
       | the next Einstein and we can take it for a fact?
        
         | sharken wrote:
         | There really isn't any good alternative, having one or more
         | qualified peers go over the results is a lot more trustworthy.
         | 
         | Of course it requires that there isn't any hidden agenda or
         | that a specific result of the review is dictated.
        
       | rossdavidh wrote:
       | Peer review is necessary. Peer review is totally failing to do
       | its job. There is nothing in the current structure of peer review
       | which would suggest that it could be expected to do its job.
       | Discuss.
        
       | prof-dr-ir wrote:
       | This is a timely article about an important issue in the
       | sciences.
       | 
       | The author begins by discussing the importance given in popular
       | media to whether articles are peer reviewed or not, using
       | somewhat absurd examples of foundational historical papers to
       | stress the point.
       | 
       | The author then makes a logical jump, and claims that "Science
       | worships peer review". However neither the journal Science nor
       | the discipline of the same name are capable of worshipping
       | anything. The author might mean to say that "Scientists worship
       | peer review"? But for such a claim the author provides little
       | evidence, and further it would contradict the later statement
       | that "simple inertia, and ..." are the reasons "we still have
       | peer review".
       | 
       | Subsequently the author tries to demonstrate that peer review is
       | useless by stressing the multitude of problematic papers that did
       | make it through peer review. This, of course, is a standard
       | logical fallacy and again in direct contradiction with the latter
       | statement that "we _do not know_ whether the science we produce
       | is better with or without it " (emphasis mine).
       | 
       | As I mentioned above, it is clear that the author raises an
       | important point and at its root the message it tries to convey is
       | certainly valid. However the article itself adds little to what
       | scientists (and I would wager the informed public) already know.
       | Besides the issues mentions above, I think a further weakness is
       | that it claims to speak for all of science but I might imagine
       | that in a field like mathematics the act of peer review can be
       | more meaningful.
       | 
       | Altogether, then, I am of the opinion that the above issues need
       | to be corrected in a substantial revision before I can accept the
       | article for publication in your journal.
       | 
       | Sincerely,
        
       | version_five wrote:
       | I did my Ph.D in a relatively niche area of physics. We had
       | conferences, attendeed by a handful of people from all over the
       | world, and presented and discussed our research. None of this was
       | "peer reviewed" in the sense that it had undergone a third party
       | review like you'd have for paper or conference submission. But
       | the whole point of the conferences was peer review. This is what
       | I expect mostly happened in the days of Einstein and Watson. Just
       | because there was not an editor assigning three reviewers,
       | doesn't mean their work wasn't scrutinized by their peers.
       | 
       | Now extrapolating this outside of niche science and into research
       | that is underpinning policy decisions (or tenure and promotion
       | decisions), of course one would expect it to undergo some kind of
       | review. And if something had not, and was just a preprint being
       | circulated, it's a pretty important consideration that its not
       | yet part of established canon.
       | 
       | Certainly I agree there are lots of flaws with peer review, that
       | a system that originally evolved to build out the body of
       | accepted knowledge in a field had now been formalized and used
       | for other purposes, and that it can be gamed. But it don't find
       | it credible to say that we just don't need it, and that we
       | shouldn't distinguish between new results and better scrutinized
       | ones.
        
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