[HN Gopher] English medical records are about to be given away. ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       English medical records are about to be given away. As GPs, we're
       fighting back
        
       Author : Symbiote
       Score  : 191 points
       Date   : 2021-06-06 09:41 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | FridayoLeary wrote:
       | My perception of the NHS is that it is currently swamped in
       | paperwork. I'm not sure why we are paying highly qualified
       | doctors to spend huge amounts of time filling in endless
       | documents in triplicate. Does anyone know if this digitization
       | will have any effect.
        
         | Silhouette wrote:
         | If you want to look at the bigger picture, possibly the most
         | fundamental problem we have in England is that there aren't
         | enough doctors. Despite the capacity problems and delays at GP
         | surgeries that most of us have experienced at some point, there
         | has been a downward trend in the full-time-equivalent GPs per
         | capita in England over the past decade or so.
         | 
         | https://fullfact.org/health/gp-numbers-or-down/
         | 
         | It's also likely that the decreasing availability of GP
         | appointments is causing an increase in people turning up at
         | major A&E centres instead, where it may cost far more to treat
         | them for a non-urgent condition that a GP could have dealt with
         | instead if one had been available within a reasonable period.
         | 
         | Just to add to the pressure, we also have a population that is
         | living longer, so GPs may increasingly be helping the elderly
         | to manage multiple conditions as well.
         | 
         | Reducing non-clinical overheads for doctors that take time away
         | from patient care is certainly important, but the bottom line
         | is that our society needs more doctors or the quality of
         | healthcare will continue to decline.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | My issue with it is central data repositories create a kind of
       | secret surveillance para-bureaucracy with no individual
       | accountability.
       | 
       | What is frustrating is efforts like this are trying to squeeze
       | the toothpaste out of the tube, and I suspect before current
       | techs we have today like differntial privacy and tokenization
       | make anonymous sharing and analysis viable. Medical researchers
       | are people like anyone, they aren't some kind of preisthood, and
       | they are going to leak and share the data and use it for
       | political purposes as their opportunities and incentives change.
       | 
       | The technical controls researchers actively resist are basic
       | corporate controls as simple as identifying everyone who logs in
       | to view the datasets with their real names, background checks on
       | people with admin credentials on personal health databases,
       | probabilistic watermarking and dating cuts of datasets shared
       | with researchers so that any leaks can be traced back to a
       | specific accountable people to contain it, and requiring a public
       | record and accounting of the research and projects they were
       | using the data for, using synthesized data in technical test
       | environments and not real health information. These are basic
       | corporate controls that aren't part of the research culture. Some
       | places may have them, but I wouldn't be surprised if the
       | organizations conspire to neglect their processes.
       | 
       | The benefits they say are for using ML for research and it will
       | cure all manner of diseases and detect others early. This sounds
       | great, but what is missing are legal consequences for exploiting
       | people via their data. People aren't managed livestock, so the
       | prestige of a few researchers needs to be balanced with the
       | quality of the society these new data powers create. If your
       | worst political enemy is an exception to the principle of the
       | confidentiality of this data, then you aren't suited to access
       | it, and to be allowed to do so compromises the whole system for
       | everyone.
       | 
       | A test people could use for privacy is whether you would be ok
       | with the activist groups operating in universities, communist
       | party of china, and their federal police force having secret
       | legal access to health records, and if they aren't, what rules do
       | we need to compensate?
       | 
       | Inadmissability of data in any of these data sets in legal
       | proceedings seems like one useful control. Personal penalties for
       | abuse and leaking of this data would be another. Licensing and
       | professional regulation of individuals who administer systems
       | that process personal information that has been obtained without
       | explicit consent of individual data subjects seems complex, but I
       | could see some version of it happening in the next 20 years.
       | 
       | Without these additional controls, it's just a data grab, and
       | these GP's are right and in fact brave to resist it.
        
       | Silhouette wrote:
       | They're at it again. This one seems like another care.data only
       | possibly worse.
       | 
       | For those who would like to opt out, see here:
       | 
       | https://medconfidential.org/how-to-opt-out/
       | 
       | Note that if you haven't previously opted out from similar plans
       | for data sharing, you'll probably need to opt out of two separate
       | systems this time, one for sharing your GP records and one for
       | sharing records from other sources like hospitals.
       | 
       | The deadline for notifying your GP surgery to avoid data starting
       | to leak appears to be 23 June.
       | 
       | Also note that in some situations, for example if you want to opt
       | young children or vulnerable adults you care for out of these
       | systems as well, you may be in print-and-post territory even if
       | you could opt yourself out using an online system.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | insomniacity wrote:
         | Fortunately you can do the edge cases via email:
         | https://medconfidential.org/how-to-opt-out/
        
       | Ntrails wrote:
       | Can someone actually explain what the _actual_ flaw in the
       | proposed anonymisation of the data is?
       | 
       | This sounds a lot like people are in complete dismissal of the
       | potential benefits of a countries worth of aggregated health data
       | to research.
        
         | Silhouette wrote:
         | Firstly, to be strictly accurate, the data here will not be
         | anonymous, only pseudonymous.
         | 
         | But in any case, we are talking about a long list of often very
         | specific observations for almost everyone included in the data
         | set. The chances of even supposedly anonymised data with that
         | much detail being subject to reidentification are quite high,
         | and there are plenty of organisations that might be able to
         | infer enough to do it, by comparing against other data sets
         | they already hold.
        
           | kapuasuite wrote:
           | What's the actual cost/benefit here?
        
       | Symbiote wrote:
       | For anyone (like me) who is no longer resident in England, you
       | can find your NHS number with [1], then use it (plus a UK VPN) to
       | opt out here [2].
       | 
       | As I understand it, [2] covers hospital data etc, but not GP
       | data, which is the recent data grab and the subject of the
       | article. I have written to the GP I was last registered at to see
       | if they still hold any data on me, and whether they were
       | intending to share it without my consent. I attached the opt-out
       | form [4] anyway.
       | 
       | [3] says on "Minimum length of retention of GP records" that
       | "Electronic patient records (EPRs) must not be destroyed, or
       | deleted, for the foreseeable future.", and paper ones are kept
       | until 10 years after death.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/online-services/find-nhs-
       | num...
       | 
       | [2] https://your-data-matters.service.nhs.uk/
       | 
       | [3] https://www.bma.org.uk/advice-and-
       | support/ethics/confidentia...
       | 
       | [4] https://medconfidential.org/how-to-opt-out/
        
         | justinclift wrote:
         | Well, that's interesting. Going to the opt-out link (your-data-
         | matters.service.nhs.uk), gives this:                 Sorry, you
         | cannot see this page            This might be because:
         | * you're outside of the UK and this service is only
         | available in the UK
         | 
         | I guess people outside the UK aren't considered allowed to
         | manage their data. :(
        
           | bArray wrote:
           | I made a point of emailing them about this (and suggest you
           | do so too) - I'm not sure it is legal to prevent me from
           | managing my data, despite living outside the UK. I understand
           | they want to prevent foreign actors from misusing the
           | service, but this is not it.
           | 
           | As if making it opt-out isn't bad enough, for some, they
           | can't even opt-out. What a s*t show this entire process has
           | been.
           | 
           | What's the betting that this data is being sold for
           | 'research' to raise a few more pounds to combat the coming
           | economic crash?
        
           | arthem wrote:
           | If you are outside the UK then you can download the PDF
           | version of the form and email it to
           | (enquiries@nhsdigital.nhs.uk) after completion.
           | 
           | (https://www.nhs.uk/your-nhs-data-matters/manage-your-
           | choice/...)
        
         | adwf wrote:
         | Slightly more complicated than that.
         | 
         | The National Opt-out [2] does not prevent NHS digital from
         | accumulating your records in a central database (in
         | pseudonymous form - not anonymous). It only prevents them from
         | sharing your record with others - for now...
         | 
         | The type 1 opt-out with your GP should prevent your records
         | from even being sent to NHS Digital at all. The difficulty with
         | this one is that it's a paper form only and has to be handed to
         | the GP by the 23rd, there is no web service to opt out of this.
         | 
         | NHS Digital have also hinted that they will be trying to remove
         | the type 1 at some point in the future.
        
         | nicoburns wrote:
         | Ah, amazing. I had lost my NHS number, and had no idea how to
         | retrieve it. Thanks for the link!
        
       | dkarp wrote:
       | As someone who works in HealthTech in the UK, I can see why NHS
       | Digital sees a need for this.
       | 
       | We really should be enjoying the benefits of a centralised
       | National Health Service in this country, but the divide and
       | conquer management strategy gives individual GP practices and
       | Hospitals (run by NHS Trusts) a lot of independence. That
       | independence extends to IT systems, meaning you have various
       | patient record systems in use around the country and a set of
       | standards and APIs mandated to allow them to communicate.
       | 
       | I would personally prefer those patient records to be on software
       | provided and administered by a technical organisation with the
       | expertise to understand the security risks involved and working
       | full time on that problem. Hospitals and GPs could then get on
       | with treating patients rather than having to employ their staff
       | to figure out the tech side. So why isn't NHS Digital doing that
       | instead?
       | 
       | I expect most people actually believe the NHS already have their
       | medical records, and in a sense they do, it just has many
       | different custodians all around the system.
        
         | Silhouette wrote:
         | _I would personally prefer those patient records to be on
         | software provided and administered by a technical organisation
         | with the expertise to understand the security risks involved
         | and working full time on that problem._
         | 
         | So would I, but it is not clear that any such software or
         | technical organisation exist yet. NHS Digital might be trying
         | to move in that direction with things like the TRE for working
         | with COVID data, and that is commendable. However, it was not
         | long ago that another proposed response to COVID was installing
         | an unnecessarily privacy-invasive app on everyone's phones, so
         | evidently we are still a long way from the non-clinical people
         | with power and influence over these huge systems also
         | understanding and respecting their implications.
         | 
         | The only sure way we know to prevent inappropriate disclosure
         | and use of sensitive personal data is not to hold that data in
         | the first place. Obviously that is impractical with medical
         | records, so for now, the next safest thing remains to have the
         | data held by and accessible to as few people as possible
         | instead of creating one huge target and a single point of
         | failure. That might be unfortunate for those with a legitimate
         | interest in working with larger data sets for good reasons, and
         | it might slow down or even prevent beneficial advances in
         | medical knowledge, and I expect we'd all agree that these are
         | not desirable outcomes. We have to balance those losses against
         | the enormous risk to the whole population if confidentiality
         | and ultimately trust between doctor and patient is compromised,
         | because that could be what is at stake here.
        
           | dkarp wrote:
           | You're right, of course, and that is why the situation is how
           | it is. NHS Digital also seem reluctant to become custodians
           | of the data and only administer services that have to be done
           | centrally, such as HSCN and NHSMail, and those services tend
           | to involve a lot of external contractors - so the in-house
           | talent may well be missing. But by siloing the data, we're
           | just trusting doctors and hospitals to know what is best and
           | that can't be a good idea either. The WannaCry attack a few
           | years ago was good evidence of that.
           | 
           | On a side note, I can't imagine how hard it must be for the
           | NHS to do anything when essentially an internal transfer of
           | data within the organisation is labeled as "Your medical
           | records are about to be given away" by the media. They seem
           | almost to be victims of how open they are about these data
           | transfers and I sense an exasperation between the lines when
           | reading their response [https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-
           | information/data-collections...].
        
             | Silhouette wrote:
             | I agree that there are serious problems with non-experts
             | administering these systems at local levels as well.
             | There's no good answer right now, IMHO, only less bad ones.
             | But there is a huge difference between the two main
             | policies here in the scale of damage that could be caused
             | by a catastrophic failure.
             | 
             | For the same reason, I have limited sympathy for the idea
             | that this is just another internal data transfer and people
             | are getting worked up without cause. The NHS isn't really a
             | single organisation, the people pushing for this aren't
             | really clinical staff, and there has been a long and
             | undignified history of screw-ups when it comes to patient
             | confidentiality and larger data sharing schemes. Caution
             | does seem to be in order here.
        
               | fragileone wrote:
               | Especially with the fact that very recently 10% of
               | vaccinated individuals were secretly location tracked to
               | see if it changed their behaviour it would be difficult
               | to put trust in a central authority that they wouldn't
               | abuse this data.
        
             | motohagiography wrote:
             | Not sure if NHS has this concept, but in other health
             | systems, the NHS equivalent (an economy that operates a
             | health system o.b.o a government) is a set of service
             | providers, with data custodians at the edges. Custodians
             | hold accountability for health information privacy, where
             | service providers are accountable to a custodian. It all
             | rolls up into these entities. Health admins tend to forget
             | that the relationship they are scaling is between
             | physicians and patients, and it is not the government
             | managing the vetrinary system for a person farm. This
             | health system as proxy for public policy issue is
             | dangerous.
             | 
             | If you see my previous comment on this thread about
             | objections to data collection, an opposing view of another
             | health tech and policy expert would be really valuable to
             | the discussion.
        
               | dkarp wrote:
               | That's more or less how it ends up working in the NHS,
               | and I guess it's Conway's Law playing out again rather
               | than being intentional.
               | 
               | Health is particularly difficult because it's both data
               | that needs to be accessible by a large number of
               | different people/organisations and also about as
               | sensitive as you can get. Any attempt to make the data
               | more secure necessarily slows access, but making the data
               | more accessible also makes it less secure.
               | 
               | Having seen the quality of some of the systems holding
               | this data on the edges, I would rather see a central
               | database and a lot of funding go into the technology of
               | that system. Why? Because I agree with your other post,
               | that technical controls are the only solution. Controls
               | that could make it impossible for the data to be misused
               | or leaked, or at least make access auditable. That's
               | where the research and funds should be spent.
               | 
               | Ideally, that could be done by every data custodian at
               | the edge, but I just don't think that will happen. It's
               | easier to solve the problem in one place than in 10s or
               | 100s or 1000s of places.
               | 
               | In the UK, there are lots of central data repositories
               | holding pretty sensitive information. I think it's fair
               | to say that the government wouldn't have much problem
               | finding your health data, along with detailed
               | census/tax/internet/phone/travel data, if they decided
               | they wanted to.
        
         | walshemj wrote:
         | And its a real pain if you have a complex condition that spans
         | trusts /organizations.
         | 
         | I have contact with 3 / 4 trusts and they have difficulty
         | looking at each others records - also blood tests across trusts
         | are non standard.
        
           | dkarp wrote:
           | Which is exactly where a centralised system should excel.
           | 
           | Instead you end up with records being serialised and shot
           | around the place, like
           | https://digital.nhs.uk/services/interoperability-
           | toolkit/dev...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | cik wrote:
         | This is more or less how it works in Israel. The EMR is owned
         | and controlled by the state. Four private HMOs compete (in the
         | literal sense) to provide services as efficiently and high
         | quality as possible, according to their government licenses.
         | 
         | It marries the public sector ability to build giant-ass systems
         | for its citizens, with the private sector's ability to compete.
         | Moving here from Canada I'm beyond shocked how much more
         | efficient, higher quality, and cheaper this system is. I could
         | never go back now.
         | 
         | For example: the second I get a prescription it's available in
         | 100% of the pharmacies in the country (that carry my drug). All
         | I have to do is walk in to the one I want, swipe y card, and
         | ya'ala done. I can even check on an app what pharmacies have
         | said drug in stock, and plot a route there.
        
           | chaosite wrote:
           | You're right, but less, rather than more.
           | 
           | 1. 4 HMOs total, not hundreds. That's a big difference, it's
           | still pretty centralized.
           | 
           | 2. The HMOs actually compete on very little, mostly customer
           | service. They are heavily regulated and have to provide
           | services to a spec that's spelled out by the government,
           | including pricing.
           | 
           | 3. These 4 HMOs are mostly historic in origin; starting a new
           | one would probably need to be initiated by the government.
           | 
           | 4. For example, your example of (digital) prescriptions being
           | filled by any pharmacy: that's an regulation codified in law.
           | And while 100% of pharmacies can fill it, only those with an
           | arrangement with your HMO will give you the subsidized price.
        
             | cik wrote:
             | I'd argue that all I really want them to compete on is
             | customer service. All in all this sounds pretty perfect to
             | me. We get quality care, but some element of competition.
             | I've lived under three different types of systems - this
             | seems by far the best.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | > divide and conquer management strategy
         | 
         | Yeah, this is a pre-privatisation setup; rather than run the
         | whole thing as a national enterprise, have a set of separate
         | "playing at shops" organisations engaged in a pseudo-market of
         | buying services from each other.
        
       | atc wrote:
       | ML has so much potential to help us in healthcare.
       | 
       | We don't need this Guardian low-level analysis scuppering
       | progress in this area because they drop the dirty word of
       | "private" or "profit".
       | 
       | Yes, it needs careful regulation and management on all sides, and
       | a mechanism where patients own their data, but I welcome
       | datasharing in healthcare.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | If this was 30 years ago, there would be no corporations involved
       | directly, but the entire analysis of these records would be done
       | in government institutions or academic hospitals.
       | 
       | Corporations would only be there to provide the hardware and
       | basic software such as OSes.
       | 
       | Can we please get a law that any crowdsourced data and all
       | derivative works belongs to the public?
       | 
       | And can corporations please go back to their role of building
       | products that aid in research, such as computer hardware and
       | software? Combining "building software and hardware" and "needing
       | to look at data" is a source of trouble. Your software can look
       | at the data, but not you. We'll run the software.
        
       | thinkingemote wrote:
       | Apparently, there is no retroactive opting out. If you opt out
       | after the 23 June, only new data after your opt out date will be
       | excluded. Everything before can and will be sold, shared, etc
        
       | abz10 wrote:
       | I'm guessing the primary use of this data will be for US
       | pharmaceutical companies to find out exactly how much the UK
       | market is worth so they know how much they can pay lobbyists to
       | put pressure on Uk-US trade negotiations.
        
         | Silhouette wrote:
         | That seems rather uncharitable. The primary use of the data
         | almost certainly will be what it's claimed to be, helping
         | various legitimate research groups to do their research and
         | helping various legitimate organisations within or supporting
         | the NHS to make sensible plans.
         | 
         | The real problem is the inherent risk that other uses will also
         | be made of the data, legally or otherwise. Compliance with the
         | rules for using this sort of data properly and securely has not
         | historically been 100%, and this is Pandora's box. If anything
         | ever seriously breaches, that's game over for the privacy of
         | tens of millions of people, for life.
         | 
         | It's also being done very quickly, very quietly, potentially
         | illegally, and on an opt-out basis, which should be reason
         | enough for us to be extremely sceptical about the whole process
         | even without the doctors here raising questions about the
         | medical ethics involved from a professional perspective.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > The primary use of the data almost certainly will be what
           | it's claimed to be
           | 
           | What is that based on? It's plausible, but so are many things
           | that turn out to be false (and which contradict each other).
           | How do you know?
        
         | Zenst wrote:
         | No as they can already get that from drug sales figures via the
         | distribution suppliers like https://www.alliance-
         | healthcare.co.uk/pharmacy-solutions/who... and few other
         | players in the market who do all the logistics of supplying
         | drugs to hospitals and pharmacies.
         | 
         | I worked at Unichem (now alliance-healtcare) upon the system
         | that would produce that data that other companies would buy. No
         | patient specific - just volume of drugs for area's and with
         | that, still happens today.
        
       | butterzone wrote:
       | If you swap out private insurance companies for NHS (due to
       | differences in funding), this is similar to the path the US is on
       | right now. Within the next 1-3 years private insurance companies
       | will know even more about your health than any single provider,
       | and will use this more detailed insight to improve how they
       | model, risk, and determine benefits for you in their favor. The
       | people in charge of the funding fueling healthcare want to use
       | data to improve their control of the money.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | How is that happening? Under what program(s) or law(s) or
         | regulation(s)?
        
       | raspyberr wrote:
       | The point of this move is to remove a burden from GPs. They'll no
       | longer have to worry about securely handing over data to third
       | parties. Each GP does it in a different way with different levels
       | of skill. This thing will make NHS Digital the first point of
       | contact for third parties to get to the data rather than GPs. The
       | article seems to stress that your data will now be up for sale to
       | corporations but this is already happening to GPs.
        
       | 627467 wrote:
       | The fact that GPs are acting as some kind of custodians for this
       | data isn't it also the same problem? This data should belong to
       | their owners: the patients.
        
         | Silhouette wrote:
         | There are quite a few problems with that in the case of medical
         | records.
         | 
         | Some of this information may be urgently needed at a time when
         | the patient is not capable of giving informed consent for its
         | disclosure or does not have it immediately available.
         | 
         | Some of the information may be vital to the future healthcare
         | of the patient and would cause serious harm to them if it were
         | lost.
         | 
         | And in more of a more morally grey area, some information might
         | be harmful to the patient if they had it. For example, consider
         | the implications of bluntly disclosing various mental health
         | diagnoses to someone who doesn't fully understand what they
         | mean and whose condition means they won't necessarily respond
         | rationally or beneficially to the information.
         | 
         | In this case, having the records kept locally by exactly one
         | organisation that is run by medical professionals who are bound
         | by strong professional ethics seems like a reasonable policy.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | I don't think the NHS actually has the right to keep
           | information from you simply on the "might be harmful"
           | rationale, but I don't think that particular data protection
           | fight has happened yet.
        
             | Silhouette wrote:
             | My instinct has always said that transparency should
             | prevail on this kind of issue. However, as it happens, I
             | have previously discussed this exact subject with multiple
             | friends who work in clinical healthcare roles, and I have
             | to acknowledge that they have almost invariably disagreed
             | with my instinct. Given that I'm fairly sure some of them
             | have personally treated people with serious mental health
             | problems, I tend to defer to their expertise on this one.
             | 
             | I don't know what the law actually is (and perhaps none of
             | us do since as you say the issue doesn't seem to have been
             | tested yet) but if the medical experts are almost
             | universally of the same opinion then I probably know what
             | the law should be.
        
           | IG_Semmelweiss wrote:
           | No
           | 
           | 1) preauthorization directive 2) encrypted backups 3) no. The
           | real reason is doctors are really scare of opening medical
           | records and the multitude of clerical errors in them Copy
           | pasting in the US is so rampant one has to wonder how much
           | liability is dormant in the different EMRs
        
           | psychlops wrote:
           | Let's not forget that there are quite a few problems with
           | other people and organizations taking default ownership of
           | patients data.
           | 
           | No system will be perfect and because there are a marginal
           | cases where it fails shouldn't therefore push responsibility
           | to "professionals".
        
           | amaccuish wrote:
           | I think transparancy is the answer. In Estonia, if someone's
           | medical record is viewed, it is recorded irrevocably. If
           | there is suspicion that this access was not authorised or out
           | of reach, the state itself will prosecute if you don't want
           | to.
        
           | 627467 wrote:
           | > medical professionals who are bound by strong professional
           | ethics
           | 
           | "Licensed professionals are infalable and always know better"
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | This creates strawpeople of ideal government and an ideal
           | medical industry, and gives all power and trust to them.
           | 
           | We need to find solutions within the realities of government
           | and industry power and effectiveness.
           | 
           | Also, there is no reason people can't make this decision for
           | themselves. Who are you to tell me what I must do with my
           | personal medical records? I may decide those risks are
           | worthwhile.
        
           | 1996 wrote:
           | > There are quite a few problems with that in the case of
           | medical records.
           | 
           | Only if you have a paternalistic view
           | 
           | > Some of this information may be urgently needed at a time
           | when the patient is not capable of giving informed consent
           | for its disclosure or does not have it immediately available.
           | 
           | What if I accept the risk I may die due to bad luck/odd
           | circumstances to still refuse the information being handled
           | out by anyone but me?
           | 
           | > Some of the information may be vital to the future
           | healthcare of the patient and would cause serious harm to
           | them if it were lost.
           | 
           | Likewise, what if I accept future risks? I have more skin in
           | the game from losing my records than an hospital losing them
           | anyway.
           | 
           | > And in more of a more morally grey area, some information
           | might be harmful to the patient if they had it.
           | 
           | Then what about I refuse having the information, in exchange
           | of the information also being unavailable to anyone else?
           | 
           | Many people here seem to have the view "more information is
           | good" but not collecting it in the first place seems better
           | to me.
           | 
           | Hence I do no healthcare in the US, only in SE Asia where
           | most services are available in English and Chinese anyway.
        
           | jarofgreen wrote:
           | The keeping information private one is interesting, and more
           | complex than it looks. I know of a case of someone who was
           | having problems with NHS, requested her records, found some
           | very nasty comments, complained, had her care switched to
           | another team, and did so much better.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | shric wrote:
       | Australia had similar with https://www.myhealthrecord.gov.au/ a
       | few years ago. At the time you had to opt out iirc. At least
       | apparently you can opt out at any time and your records will be
       | permanently deleted.
        
       | Dah00n wrote:
       | Is this possible because of Brexit or is it just more unlawful
       | data collection in the UK? If I (in Denmark) switch GP my new GP
       | can't see my journals without me filling out a form to allow it
       | and hospitals definitely can't access them no matter what as it
       | is two independent systems.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > is it just more unlawful data collection in the UK?
         | 
         | What makes you think any of this is 'unlawful'?
        
           | Silhouette wrote:
           | It's surely on shaky ground. The GDPR rules are still the
           | main ones that will apply at present, and those require
           | stronger protections by default for sensitive types of
           | personal data such as health data. A massive data lake like
           | this with such a generic purpose and an opt-out permission
           | scheme is obviously not in the spirit of those protections.
           | For it to be permitted by the letter of the law, the
           | government will have to rely on one or more of the specific
           | provisions relating to public health or the like, and given
           | that even those still have quite a lot of specific compliance
           | requirements, it's not immediately obvious to me which one(s)
           | would allow something as broad as this.
           | 
           | Obviously under our political system the government can
           | legally do whatever it wants if it can get a law through
           | Parliament to say so, but to achieve that they'd have to be
           | open about what they're doing and convince enough MPs and
           | Lords that it's justified.
        
             | mosafet wrote:
             | I had a check and it looks like the law was passed in
             | 2012[1]. They say that gave them a legal responsibility to
             | hold clinical information, combined with instruction from
             | government that should be enough for this to fall under
             | another basis in GDPR without consent being required. Not
             | saying it's right, especially with the risk of the data
             | being shared further once they hold it, but it'd probably
             | be difficult to challenge.
             | 
             | [1] https://digital.nhs.uk/about-nhs-digital/our-
             | work/keeping-pa...
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | Yes, that is probably the relevant national law for NHS
               | Digital itself.
               | 
               | Then presumably they're relying on GDPR points 9(2)(h)
               | and 9(2)(i) with reference to that national law to argue
               | that the default prohibition on processing health data in
               | paragraph 9(1) doesn't apply.
               | 
               | And then they've got public interest/official authority
               | under 6(1)(e), or perhaps compliance with a legal
               | obligation under 6(1)(c), as a lawful basis.
               | 
               | But all of that just means the processing wasn't
               | automatically prohibited under the GDPR. All the normal
               | rules including the principles set out in Article 5 still
               | apply as well, and those principles include purpose
               | limitation, data minimisation, storage limitation, and
               | integrity and confidentiality. There are also some
               | specific obligations around professional secrecy under
               | Article 9 because it's health data.
               | 
               | Given the extremely broad scope of the intended data lake
               | here, the ambiguity about who might end up with access to
               | it, and the extremely sensitive nature of the data, I
               | don't think I'd want to be the one defending NHS Digital
               | when the seemingly inevitable ICO investigation comes.
        
         | k-mcgrady wrote:
         | In England when you move GP records are sent to the new GP
         | without any action from the patient (although in practice this
         | doesn't always work). If you move to another part of the UK
         | this doesn't work because the devolved nations manage their own
         | health systems.
        
           | DonaldFisk wrote:
           | The data transfer isn't necessarily straightforward though,
           | and in the worst case can take months:
           | https://www.carersuk.org/forum/support-and-advice/all-
           | about-...
        
       | Camas wrote:
       | NHS response to this and similar allegations
       | 
       | Collecting GP data - advice for the public:
       | https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections...
        
         | wiz21c wrote:
         | From the page : "You can opt out of sharing your data"
         | 
         | No no no triple no. Don't opt me in. Full stop. I'll opt in if
         | I want to.
         | 
         | 99% of people just don't get it enough to opt out. So please,
         | take a default that protects people first.
        
           | chrisseaton wrote:
           | > So please, take a default that protects people first.
           | 
           | Their argument is that having high-quality data to plan
           | healthcare is protecting people.
           | 
           | If people want the state to manage and pay for your
           | healthcare, the state needs information to plan that for
           | everyone. You can already 'opt out' entirely by purchasing
           | your own healthcare if you aren't prepared to contribute.
        
             | throwaway3699 wrote:
             | > If people want the state to manage and pay for your
             | healthcare, the state needs information to plan that for
             | everyone. You can already 'opt out' entirely by purchasing
             | your own healthcare if you aren't prepared to contribute.
             | 
             | This is literally going against the underlying principles
             | of the NHS. There is no 'transaction' going on here. I
             | already contribute to the NHS through my taxes.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > This is literally going against the underlying
               | principles of the NHS.
               | 
               | Bizarre claim. The underlying principle of the NHS is
               | socialised healthcare. Opting out of contributing to
               | allow the NHS to plan for everyone's healthcare is the
               | opposite of being social.
               | 
               | > There is no 'transaction' going on here. I already
               | contribute to the NHS through my taxes.
               | 
               | Seems self-contradictory?
        
               | throwaway3699 wrote:
               | Not really. The NHS is a function of life, as much as a
               | publicly owned road or school. I don't owe it anything.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > This is literally going against the underlying
               | principles of the NHS
               | 
               | yet
               | 
               | > I don't owe it anything
        
               | throwaway3699 wrote:
               | Two things can be true:
               | 
               | 1) The NHS is free at-the-point of delivery, funded
               | through taxes, much like schools and roads
               | 
               | 2) That does not mean I owe them the right to
               | unilaterally give away my data
        
             | Silhouette wrote:
             | The state has been planning national healthcare in the UK
             | since shortly after WW2 without needing this before. So
             | far, I have yet to see any argument from any medical
             | professional that the proposed centralisation of fully
             | detailed individual patient records is reasonable or
             | necessary for the proper commissioning of personal
             | healthcare within the NHS system. Evidently the doctors
             | objecting in the linked piece don't buy that argument, and
             | although it's not explicitly stated, it's quite likely that
             | some of those GPs are also involved with their area's CCG.
             | 
             | Similarly, it is already possible for research groups to
             | contact patients with certain conditions indirectly (via
             | the clinical professionals treating them) and invite them
             | to participate in research programmes that they might be
             | able to help. Again, there is no need to create the most
             | risky personal data lake in the history of the UK to
             | achieve this.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > So far, I have yet to see any argument from any medical
               | professional that the proposed centralisation of fully
               | detailed individual patient records is reasonable or
               | necessary for the proper commissioning of personal
               | healthcare within the NHS system.
               | 
               | The health service _itself_ is arguing for it.
               | 
               | > it is already possible for research groups to contact
               | patients with certain conditions indirectly
               | 
               | As the health service describes, an issue with this is
               | that asking people to opt-in creates health planning
               | assumptions that are biased, harming some groups.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | _The health service itself is arguing for it._
               | 
               | Branding aside, there is no single health service in
               | England. The NHS is made up of many organisations and
               | they cooperate to provide each individual's healthcare.
               | To be clear, it is NHS England and the DHSC who are
               | apparently pushing for this, and neither of those
               | organisations has a direct clinical role.
        
               | nanis wrote:
               | It seems like every movie I found entertaining but a
               | stretch in the 90s is becoming reality:
               | 
               | * Demolition Man
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demolition_Man_(film)
               | 
               | * Enemy of the State
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enemy_of_the_State_(film)
               | 
               | * Gattaca https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gattaca
               | 
               | * The Net
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Net_(1995_film)
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I don't see anything in gattaca as having become reality.
        
               | dkarp wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preimplantation_genetic_dia
               | gno...
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00673-1
               | 
               | 23andMe/AncestryDNA
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | the first link predates the movie and isn't really the
               | same thing. IIRC they don't edit babies in the movie.
               | 
               | (you're arguing with a biologist who worked in this
               | field, I'm making the point that the movie has not
               | fundamentally come true, even if there are some details
               | are the edges that resemble it).
        
           | Broken_Hippo wrote:
           | _...take a default that protects people first._
           | 
           | I'm not convinced opting out is the thing that protects
           | people. More information going to the folks that can use it
           | to help people is the option with the most protection for
           | folks. Having health care that is responsive in the right
           | ways helps people. Better medicine is better for everyone.
           | 
           | Folks like you - the ones with strong opinions - can opt out.
           | It is like this because more people participate, much like
           | organ donor programs get more folks by a "yes by default"
           | policy. And like organ donation, more is better in this case.
           | 
           | If you have trust issues with the government or don't trust
           | the safety of the rollout, perhaps elect a better government.
        
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