[HN Gopher] The Ransomware Problem Is a Bitcoin Problem
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Ransomware Problem Is a Bitcoin Problem
        
       Author : robseed
       Score  : 81 points
       Date   : 2021-06-04 18:08 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.lawfareblog.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.lawfareblog.com)
        
       | spoonjim wrote:
       | Ransomware is a _gift_ -- people are exposing insecure systems
       | only for a few million dollars of payout. A more nefarious actor
       | would do more nefarious things than just collect what is at the
       | nation-state scale a very small amount of money. More ransomware
       | will accelerate security improvements and protect systems from
       | CCP, Five Eyes, etc.
        
         | px43 wrote:
         | Agreed, same for crypto miners IMO. These consequences are
         | significantly more benign than if real criminals had gotten
         | into the system. It's essentially a decentralized bug bounty
         | program that every large company who connects to the internet
         | has to opt in to.
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | This argument is pretty weird: ransomware is bad, but there's a
         | potentially worse actor out there, so ransomware is good? I'd
         | say that's like someone robbing a bank, but saying "someone
         | else could have robbed you for more".
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | I'd liken it to giving your immune system a work out to
           | better prepare for next year.
        
           | spoonjim wrote:
           | Yes, if someone sticks up your bank for $10 then it likely
           | benefits you in the long run since you implement security
           | measures for when the million dollar stickup man comes by.
        
       | cgb223 wrote:
       | Never understood why ransomware didn't use more anonymous crypto
       | currencies like Monero or ZCash.
       | 
       | Doesn't that better protect the scammers from law enforcement?
        
         | chelmzy wrote:
         | A few crews have started asking for Monero.
        
         | smaryjerry wrote:
         | I thought you can easily wash the money by converting it
         | through an anonymous cryptocurrency and then out again anyways.
        
           | verdverm wrote:
           | The networks don't interoperate, so you need a "trusted"
           | party to provide this service.
        
             | lozaning wrote:
             | An atomic exchange fulfills this requirement, assuming your
             | capable of auditing the code that runs the swap smart
             | contract.
        
         | px43 wrote:
         | Criminals will keep doing what works until it stops working.
         | There are botnets that still do command and control over IRC.
        
       | yawaworht1978 wrote:
       | Indeed, it is rather simple, all the founders and idealists of
       | btc have been something like technology supremacist and do not
       | want any government interventions infringing on their business
       | matters. They need to pretend how this is legal and a technology
       | achievement to obfuscate the real purpose. These are, founders
       | getting rich, money laundering(called anonymous transactions),
       | exchange of illegal goods( how many people pay with btc for legal
       | things and how many use it to pay for all kinds of illegal things
       | on the dark web?) . Someone intelligent enough to create Bitcoin
       | is intelligent enough to know this will be used for illicit
       | purposes. No way in hell did a borderline anarchist cypherpunk
       | believe the general population will trust his system more than
       | the banking system. If most governments simply outlaw it, the
       | price will have a rapid trajectory towards zero. Bitcoin and the
       | ecosystem are the only logic tool for ransomware transactions,
       | there is no sugarcoating this.
        
         | easrng wrote:
         | Bitcoin is not anonymous and should not be used for illegal
         | purchases as it is trivial to trace. Use Monero if you care
         | about privacy.
        
       | arberx wrote:
       | "This means that cryptocurrencies are the only tool left for
       | ransomware purveyors. So, if governments take meaningful action
       | against Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, they should be able
       | to disrupt this new ransomware plague and then eradicate it, as
       | was seen with the spam Viagra industry."
       | 
       | This is the totally incorrect approach. Imagine banning Polaroids
       | because they led to an explosive growth in underage pornography.
       | 
       | These exploits are happening not because of crypto but because of
       | insecure systems that public, money making companies haven't
       | invested in making secure.
        
         | okareaman wrote:
         | While I mostly agree with you about cryptocurrencies, the idea
         | that companies don't invest in security is a lazy argument.
         | It's not that simple. Companies can't secure themselves against
         | bugs in software that no one knows about (zero days) no matter
         | how much they invest.
        
           | TingPing wrote:
           | They can audit the projects they use. It will never be
           | perfect but most do nothing.
        
           | matoro wrote:
           | While this is true, the overwhelming majority of these
           | incidents do not use or require zero-days. The attack vector
           | is nearly always basic phishing/social engineering, or wildly
           | misconfigured/unpatched systems exposed to the internet.
           | Implementing a bare-bones security program, or giving an
           | existing security program the tools & authority to enforce
           | policies, would cut down on ransomware incidents by a factor
           | of 5-10, easily, without touching cryptocurrency in the
           | slightest.
        
         | hannasanarion wrote:
         | The difference is that polaroids are useful for legitimate
         | purposes.
         | 
         | Every conversation I've ever had with a crypto purveyor, even
         | as a person who has worked for crypto companies before, always
         | comes down to "crypto is a good thing because it helps people
         | commit financial crimes". There are no other benefits.
        
       | zlynx wrote:
       | I believe the benefits of cryptocurrency outweigh problems.
       | 
       | I _like_ having options that can be anonymous, don 't require
       | banks, immune to government influence, and even completely
       | outside any law. Because laws are not always moral and _should_
       | be ignored and evaded.
       | 
       | That's freedom. Having it is worth the significant amount of
       | problems that come along with it.
        
       | SavantIdiot wrote:
       | I'd like to hear how cryptocurrency advocates address this
       | without deploying a fallacy. Cryptocurrency makes ransomware
       | possible, without the former, the latter cannot thrive. The
       | defenses I usually hear come in the form of "current banking
       | facilitates bad stuff, too," which is a fact, but doesn't absolve
       | cryptocurrencies central role in ransomware. As the article
       | states, there is simply no way to pay a ransom without
       | cryptocurrency. Maybe they could do b2b or cash, but that would
       | be sooooo bold (but not impossible?)
       | 
       | EDIT: See link from user 'px43' below about the history of
       | ransomware. Good read. Predates cryptocurrency, but I think
       | banking technology would make most payment strategies of the past
       | impossible, like the original article argues (e.g., PO Box in
       | Panama is quoted as a 1989 payment plan, but GP article explains
       | that is harder due to extradition of data and logs).
        
         | Mc_Big_G wrote:
         | I'd like to hear how internet advocates address child
         | pornography without deploying a fallacy. The internet makes
         | child pornography possible, without the former, the latter
         | cannot thrive. The defenses I usually hear come in the form of
         | "CD ROMs facilitate bad stuff, too," which is a fact, but
         | doesn't absolve the internet's central role in child porn. As
         | the article states, there is simply no way to attain child porn
         | without the internet. Maybe they could do DVD or CD ROM, but
         | that would be sooooo slow (but not impossible?)
        
         | px43 wrote:
         | Heh, what? Ransomware existed long before cryptocurrencies.
         | 
         | Money laundering via ACH, SWIFT, stolen credit cards, gift
         | cards, and all sorts of online payment systems like PayPal are
         | still huge, no cryptocurrencies required.
         | 
         | Cryptocurrencies are used today because they're the most
         | efficient way to make online payments, which is a net positive
         | for everyone. It's just as easy to hunt down criminals using
         | cryptocurrencies as it was to hunt online criminals before
         | cryptocurrencies got popular.
         | 
         | https://www.knowbe4.com/ransomware
        
           | SavantIdiot wrote:
           | This is enlightening. The 1989 ransomware that had a PO Box
           | in Panama is hilarious. Really? Panama?
           | 
           | Good point, thanks.
           | 
           | However, opaque ledgers may make it difficult to hunt them
           | down (Zcash, monero) in the future.
        
             | px43 wrote:
             | Maybe companies will start enabling MFA by then?
             | 
             | Kind of frustrating how easy it still is to break into
             | critical infrastructure. I do that sort of thing regularly
             | as my day job. Companies who put a slight effort into
             | security don't get ransomwared.
             | 
             | The idea that law enforcement needs full visibility into
             | everyone's financial history, and that's the only way for
             | them to stop crime, is ridiculous.
        
               | SavantIdiot wrote:
               | I think it also makes a convincing argument for bringing
               | back on-site backups. If there are weekly/daily backups
               | on local disks (tapes?) that are airgapped after backup,
               | that would save exposing credentials to the cloud storage
               | backups. Tape is dead, long live tape!
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | I deeply disagree that crypto is the easiest way to make
           | online payments. Have you ever used Venmo? Or even Facebook
           | pay? Or Zelle? Sure, it might be the easiest way to send
           | money cross-border, but that's an edge case, the vast, vast
           | majority of transactions are same-country.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | Crypto is definitely the easiest way. No accounts (well I
             | suppose a wallet could be an account, so perhaps a wash
             | here), no bank linking, no credit cards.
             | 
             | Crypto is the closest thing to internet cash payments.
        
               | tedunangst wrote:
               | How do companies pay ransoms without bank accounts? Where
               | does the Bitcoin come from?
        
             | px43 wrote:
             | Those aren't payments, those are custodial services that
             | offer users the ability to move around numbers within their
             | respective closed ecosystems. There's a reason that every
             | one of those services is now moving heavily into the
             | cryptocurrency space.
        
         | J5892 wrote:
         | The answer is that sometimes progress comes with a cost.
         | 
         | Whether or not you consider cryptocurrencies "progress" is
         | irrelevant, because it's an emerging technology that exists
         | whether you (or I) like it or not.
         | 
         | The cold, hard, unavoidable truth is this: Ransomware may be a
         | Bitcoin problem, and it may not be. Either way, tough shit.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | > Whether or not you consider cryptocurrencies "progress" is
           | irrelevant
           | 
           | I mean not really. If we were to decide, as a country, that
           | it was bad, we could take actions to stop its proliferation.
           | The dollar-BTC transition points are chokepoints we could
           | easily target to get started.
        
             | Zednivat wrote:
             | I just want to be sure we're on the same page. Is the full
             | version of that: "If we were to decide, as a country, that
             | it was bad, we could assign new orders to our federal,
             | state, and local law enforcements officers to target and
             | violate the property rights of people who engage with
             | cryptocurrencies"?
             | 
             | In order to solve the ransomware problem, we create a new
             | problem in the use of violence or the threat of violence in
             | order to stop anyone from using crypto at all.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Yeah, I'm not an anarchist, so I am indeed advocating
               | that the state use its power to achieve societal
               | benefits, which is ultimately, one might say, backed by
               | its monopoly on the use of violence. Property rights are
               | not and should not be absolute.
        
             | devonbleak wrote:
             | Money laundering is also illegal and it's still prolific.
             | Buying weed is also illegal and it's still prolific.
             | 
             | Banning things like this just turns them into another
             | laundering opportunity - where there's money to be made
             | there's a way.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | If I take this claim literally it's never worth having
               | any kind of law at all. I don't believe that. I also
               | don't think crypto currency looks nearly as attractive if
               | there are no legitimate channels to convert or spend it.
        
           | verdverm wrote:
           | How does this compare to banning ICE vehicles?
           | 
           | They are widely adopted and useful, yet their secondary harms
           | warrant laws to be written.
        
         | toxik wrote:
         | Cash enables muggings so we must ban cash?
        
           | Raed667 wrote:
           | Ask someone younger than 20 if they have more than 10$ cash
           | on them.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | We don't have a huge mugging problem. We have muggings (I've
           | been mugged), but they occur infrequently enough that society
           | isn't disrupted. You can't say that about ransomware. Not
           | only that, but we _have_ done things to defang muggings; for
           | instance, it 's been made less lucrative (and more dangerous
           | for the mugger) to steal a modern phone.
        
             | toxik wrote:
             | But that's not what decides if cash is viable. If we had a
             | huge mugging problem, we would call for better law
             | enforcement, not less cash.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | No, people generally carry much less cash now, and part
               | of the reason why is that it's so easily stolen.
        
               | devonbleak wrote:
               | I'd argue that's a small part of the reason. Like a
               | rounding error vs the inconvenience factor of dealing
               | with stuff like coins, having to go to a physical
               | location during restrictive hours/days to obtain more
               | than a trivial amount of cash, etc.
        
           | endisneigh wrote:
           | you say this in jest but in reality plenty of people have
           | stopped using cash by themselves for this exact reason.
        
             | toxik wrote:
             | People abandoned cash out of convenience, not fear of
             | mugging.
        
               | endisneigh wrote:
               | Sure, but there are some people who don't carry cash
               | because of mugging and other related things (can get
               | lost, be stolen, etc)
        
               | devonbleak wrote:
               | You're talking a rounding error on the number of people
               | that don't carry cash simply because it's not convenient
               | to obtain and deal with it.
        
           | SavantIdiot wrote:
           | You literally did not read my post. I address your exact
           | fallacy.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | Dah00n wrote:
         | I'm not a cryptocurrency advocate but as arberx points out in
         | another comment this is avoiding the real problem. The problem
         | isn't cryptocurrency or ransomware. The root cause is what
         | needs to be fixed: Software publishers and software owners are
         | to blame for insecure systems. Software development is like the
         | wild west with absolutely no accountability. This need to
         | change.
        
           | akiselev wrote:
           | Ransomware isn't the only illegal activity that's greatly
           | enabled by bitcoin. For better or worse, it has enabled
           | stable online marketplaces that allowed one to buy
           | safer/purer drugs, heavy weaponry, assassins, and false
           | passports with less exposure and risk. That used to be the
           | stuff of spy movies - now it's available to anyone who
           | understands how to navigate the web enough to figure out
           | onion addresses or FreeNet. IIUC it has even enabled new
           | methods for money laundering with unique advantages and
           | allowed nations to evade global sanctions with near impunity
           | instead of having to rely on foreign powers to help.
           | 
           | I don't wish to speculate whether the effect on each of those
           | niches is net positive or negative, but it's hard to argue
           | that _the_ real problem is cybersecurity when
           | cryptocurrencies have had such significant effects on other
           | fields for the same reasons that it 's useful to ransomware
           | operators. Yes, cybersecurity is _a_ real problem, but that
           | doesn 't preclude cryptocurrencies from being a real problem
           | either, nor does it preclude the former from sparking action
           | against the latter - the world operates in parallel and we
           | can tackle multiple problems (which means yes,
           | cryptocurrencies will almost certainly be used as a
           | distraction).
        
           | SigmundA wrote:
           | To me this is like saying we shouldn't make it hard to make
           | money off stolen goods or even police the streets, the
           | problem is my houses security isn't good enough. We should
           | just focus on making houses more secure otherwise its open
           | game and your fault if someone steals from you.
           | 
           | You know police in many states in the US get uploads of all
           | pawn records and metal recycling to help track down and stop
           | thieves from making money on stolen goods.
           | 
           | There isn't one root cause, there is an environment made up
           | of multiple factors that allows bad behavior, one
           | contributing factor is how cryptocurrency has enabled large
           | ransom payments to bad actors over seas.
           | 
           | Software should be made more secure, but making it 100%
           | secure is impossible. How much time and money should be spent
           | on the software security side? My house isn't made like a
           | fortress, its security is actually pretty minimal, it doesn't
           | need to be better because laws are enforced and its not
           | anarchy outside, its a low crime environment due to multiple
           | levels of protection I don't even think about or manage
           | directly all provided by the government. Part of those
           | protections is making it more difficult for criminals to
           | profit off crimes, though not impossible, it's just one
           | aspect of a defense in depth.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | There is no evidence at all that computer science and
           | information technology actually knows how to solve the
           | underlying security problems without forcing untenable
           | compromises on the economy. We can produce secure software,
           | but only at a level of expense and time that would preclude
           | most commercial software development.
        
             | JoeyBananas wrote:
             | This is just a terrible argument. Often times, systems are
             | compromised through social engineering so it's not even
             | remotely possible to solve this issue by software
             | engineering alone. But more importantly, think about the
             | morality of what you are saying. It is absolutely not
             | ethical to rob someone just because they are an easy
             | target.
             | 
             | I despise this sort of "technological nihilism." Just
             | because something can be done with technology doesn't mean
             | that it should be done. The fact that bitcoin exists does
             | not mean we should revert back to the stone age. Anarchy is
             | obviously a very bad idea, but I guess some people are
             | determined to learn this lesson the hard way.
        
             | Dah00n wrote:
             | That may be but that doesn't change that fact that the
             | underlying problem isn't cryptocurrency. Lashing out at
             | other technologies because of lack of accountability in
             | software development won't solve anything. At best it will
             | move it somewhere else but in the end the problem stil
             | haven't been solved.
             | 
             | Besides, software could absolutely be made much safer
             | without destroying the economy. We all know that the
             | systems that get hit are often a mess a twelve year old
             | could "hack" by using specific search engines or kiddy
             | scripts. Laws punishing those that run software with known
             | vulnerabilities that end up causing society problems like
             | these ransomware attacks do should have been made decades
             | ago.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | The whole point of the article is that you could have
               | said the same thing about Viagra spam, but financial
               | system interventions did shut that down.
               | 
               | There is, again, no evidence that we know how to make
               | commercially deployed software meaningfully safer at the
               | scale we need to do it at to stop ransomware attacks from
               | disrupting society.
        
             | quanticle wrote:
             | Then perhaps we shouldn't produce software.
             | 
             | If the costs to mitigate the negative externalities of a
             | certain product or service outweigh the net benefits of
             | said product or service, the creation of that product or
             | service is a net negative on society, and we should cease
             | that activity.
             | 
             | It's like arguing that a coal-fired power plant isn't
             | profitable if it has to pay for all the carbon that it's
             | producing.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | "We should stop producing software" is a take, and I
               | support it! But I also recognize that the societal cost
               | of ceasing all software development would be huge, and
               | the cost of stopping all cryptocurrency is small and
               | would be felt mostly by speculators. As the saying goes:
               | first you couldn't use Bitcoin to buy a pizza, then you
               | could use Bitcoin to buy a pizza, and now you can't use
               | Bitcoin to buy a pizza.
               | 
               | Coal power plants aren't profitable if they have to pay
               | for their externalities, and should be shut down.
        
           | madhadron wrote:
           | You could just as easily point to Russia as the root cause,
           | since they are providing a home for this.
        
         | tinus_hn wrote:
         | Before cryptocurrency it was iTunes giftcards or money transfer
         | services to a 3rd world country. Cryptocurrency is not the only
         | way to transfer money that's relatively hard to trace.
        
           | SavantIdiot wrote:
           | Good point. But that's a lot of giftcards to transfer $5
           | million, let alone the $100MM claimed-size of the ransomware
           | market from the article.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | As the article points out, it's the only way to reliably
           | transfer the 7 figure sums that make large-scale ransomware
           | attacks workable.
        
             | tinus_hn wrote:
             | Sorry but before cryptocurrency there also were hostage
             | that were freed on payment of millions. For that kind of
             | money life does find a way.
        
             | beaner wrote:
             | Maybe the problem is the internet. Without that, critical
             | infrastructure would not be susceptible to cyberattack.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | We successfully attacked critical infrastructure before
               | it was connected to the Internet, so perhaps the problem
               | is simply telecommunications. I think it's
               | cryptocurrency, though.
        
         | quanticle wrote:
         | The problem isn't that Bitcoin enables hacking. The problem is,
         | pardon my language, that our cybersecurity is absolute, utter
         | unremediated _shit_. Every time a corporate PR press release
         | uses the word  "sophisticated" to refer to hackers, I roll my
         | eyes. These hackers aren't using processor-level side channel
         | attacks to read secrets out of memory. They're not using
         | Rowhammer to alter encryption keys. They're doing basic things
         | like, exploiting SQL injection. They're getting people with
         | phishing. They're taking advantage of the fact that these giant
         | corporations have _willfully_ ignored every cybersecurity best
         | practice for the past twenty years because it might cost them a
         | few days worth of revenue to implement things like least-
         | privilege access and two-factor authentication.
         | 
         | Imagine a world where banks and businesses just kept their cash
         | out on the counter, in unlocked boxes. One day, a bunch of
         | "sophisticated" thieves come in and start grabbing the boxes
         | and driving off. What is the logical response?
         | 
         | 1. Ban cars
         | 
         | 2. Ask banks and businesses to please use lockboxes and safes
         | 
         | Both are solutions to the problem of thieves jumping in and
         | grabbing cash. But I would submit that option 2 makes far more
         | sense that option 1.
        
         | saurik wrote:
         | """ While we're at it, maybe those same people can defend the
         | Internet, right? Clearly, this experiment in anyone in the
         | world being able to nigh unto anonymously communicate with
         | anyone else was a mistake... at best, every packet should be
         | tracked back to some regulated endpoint that can be tracked in
         | the real world.
         | 
         | The Internet, after all, makes the dark web--and its myriad
         | crimes, including ransomware, drug trafficking, and illegal
         | porn--possible: without the former, the latter cannot thrive.
         | The defenses we usually hear come in the form "prior telephone
         | and postal systems facilitated bad stuff, too," which is a
         | fact, but one that doesn't absolute the Internet, either. :/
         | """
         | 
         | ^ What you sound like to me.
         | 
         | Like, I honestly just don't understand your point: these
         | currencies (minus Bitcoin, due to proof of work being a bit
         | ridiculous) seem like a very useful tool _that you couldn 't
         | really ban anyway_ without taking ridiculously draconian
         | measures (a la China and the open Internet, which is only
         | barely working for them anyway) as--and this is kind of the
         | whole point--there isn't any central actor running or
         | maintaining it.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | You might say you're "banning Bitcoin", but what you're
           | really doing is banning Bitcoin's linkages to the existing
           | institutional financial system. That's a very tenable
           | project.
        
             | quanticle wrote:
             | I think it's more difficult than one imagines to ban
             | Bitcoin's linkages to the existing institutional financial
             | system. After all, it's not as if REvil or DarkSide are
             | using Coinbase to trade their Bitcoin. If the United States
             | shuts down all Bitcoin exchanges operating on its
             | territory, but Russia does not, then does that have a
             | meaningful impact on the usage of Bitcoin for cybercrime?
             | It seems to me that all such a step would do is make the
             | positive usages of Bitcoin more difficult while having only
             | a marginal effect on the usage of Bitcoin for cybercrime.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | If FinCEN were to take the position that all exchange of
               | Bitcoin to or from other currently were illegal, then
               | there would be at least two major impacts:
               | 
               | 1. US people or people in any country that respects
               | FinCEN would have a hard time paying ransoms in Bitcoin,
               | and
               | 
               | 2. The value of Bitcoin paid for ransom would go down.
               | What exactly is the criminal holding Bitcoin that is, by
               | the very fact of being Bitcoin, dirty going to do with
               | it? No matter how mixed and laundered it got, it would
               | still be dirty.
               | 
               | At the end of the day, the result would be a lot like
               | trying to extract ransom in the form of Rubles held in a
               | Russian bank. I think this would strongly disrupt the
               | business model.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Yes, it does, because it makes it much more difficult for
               | victims to confidently interact with the criminal
               | financial system.
        
               | quanticle wrote:
               | That is a good point, but we might also end up with yet
               | another layer of criminal organization: "dark exchanges"
               | that allow victims of cybercrime to get cryptocurrency
               | without interacting with the legal financial system.
               | While I would rather that ransoms not be paid at all, if
               | a ransom has to be paid, I'd much rather the company get
               | their cash in a legitimate manner, interacting with
               | financial entities that cooperate with law enforcement,
               | rather than via fences and money launderers.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | At some point, companies can just arrange for the
               | transfer of suitcases full of cash. The point is that
               | increasing the friction on these crimes reduces their
               | incidence, and that's a point the author provides
               | evidence for.
        
               | rini17 wrote:
               | Consider there is a war on drugs which has repeatedly
               | proven that "increasing the friction" might actually make
               | the situation worse. Broadly criminalizing any and all
               | exchange of money to unauthorized tokens (any more
               | specific definition of a cryptocurrency will be
               | subverted) is likely to end up in that territory.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Seemed to work well for Viagra spam, and no violent black
               | market for Viagra spam revenue clearing services sprung
               | up.
        
               | rini17 wrote:
               | Interesting, Viagra spam was mitigated by making these
               | payments illegal? I have no idea, any source pls?
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | The obvious difference to me is that the Internet has a lot
           | of benefits outweighing the negatives beyond just enabling
           | people to do speculation.
        
             | saurik wrote:
             | What, pray tell, are those benefits that are so obvious to
             | you, and why should they only apply to photos of your lunch
             | and not money? Most of the more "banal" uses of the
             | Internet would still work fine with a tightly regulated
             | system that required you to sign up for services with an ID
             | and have every packet signed and tracked. The reality is
             | that many in the US believe we had _an insurrection_
             | attempt in January due to 8chan of all things. To _me_ ,
             | sure: it is certainly "obvious" that the ability to have
             | speech that isn't centrally controlled is a good thing...
             | but I can't come up with a single argument for it that
             | wouldn't also apply to being able to send money between two
             | parties (and, notably, in the Western world we tend to
             | purposefully conflate "speech" with the ability to transfer
             | and lend resources, as without capital nothing can be
             | accomplished).
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | The whole article is about why money is a distinctively
               | important regulatory target.
        
               | saurik wrote:
               | I just re-read the article to see if I was blind, but no
               | where does it answer the question "what are the benefits
               | of semi-anonymous photo sharing that don't apply to money
               | transfer", in no small part as the article doesn't try to
               | talk about the benefits of anything, much less an open
               | Internet. I feel like you might not have actually read my
               | comment to see the question I led with (asked in response
               | to the comment above)? ;P
        
           | CincinnatiMan wrote:
           | I think the argument would be that the internet, while
           | enabling bad things, is a net-positive with its good
           | outweighing its bad. Whereas the value provided by
           | cryptocurrencies is not as clear.
        
             | hermes19 wrote:
             | I live in a region where electronic cigarettes can't be
             | purchased through the internet. Local shops can sell them,
             | and do at a 100%-150% markup. fasttech.com will sell me
             | products at msrp, but recently payment processors stopped
             | allowing them to sell to me if my order contained
             | electronic cigarette components (heaters, coils, resisters,
             | batteries, etc).
             | 
             | I was very pleased to discover they accept BTC and ETH as
             | payment options.
        
               | Grim-444 wrote:
               | You're comparing the benefits the internet provides to
               | society with an example of being able to buy e-cigarettes
               | slightly cheaper?
        
             | cinquemb wrote:
             | > Whereas the value provided by cryptocurrencies is not as
             | clear.
             | 
             | The problem is that there's a large group of people who
             | don't rely upon it at all, and there's people on the
             | fringes that where using crypto enables non speculative
             | economic activity where the banking sector has
             | ignored/hands tied for too long; and by design, people in
             | the former group can do increasingly very little against
             | those in the latter.
             | 
             | The people saying "convince me" don't matter to those
             | already using it, whereas in the case of ransom w/ crypto,
             | the opposite is becoming more and more true...
             | 
             | People expecting various conflicting laws/jurisdictions
             | globally to catch up to this at scale are going to have a
             | tough time.
             | 
             | The moral hazards deeply embedded in our centralized nation
             | state based monetary systems (and the assumptions built off
             | of them) are once again having to compete with private
             | money in new forms.
        
         | matthewmarkus wrote:
         | The "problem" here is that a market for infrastructure bugs now
         | exists. The birth of a market isn't a bad thing, though.
         | Furthermore, the market hasn't created the bugs, but exposed
         | them! This exposure is a net benefit to society because the
         | bugs have value that predates the advent of cryptocurrencies.
         | It's just that before cryptocurrencies the value was hidden and
         | only unlockable by nation states in times of war. Far better
         | for infrastructure to be continuously under attack and
         | strengthened via ransomware than to completely collapse in
         | battle.
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | Ransomware existed before cryptocurrency and cryptocurrency was
         | popular to the degree that it was widely abused before
         | ransomware became a serious issue. They're related but probably
         | not to the degree you think.
        
         | mam3 wrote:
         | Independently of how you or I feel about it, crypro enables
         | anonymous payment.
         | 
         | This is a feature of anonymous payment not a bug.
        
         | onetimeusename wrote:
         | I think creating a currency outside the reaches of politicians
         | is the point, come what may. That isn't to say ransomware isn't
         | bad, there are other obvious ways of stopping ransomware.
         | 
         | The bigger point is that a financial system should not have a
         | central authority who can limit access to it. Some
         | cryptocurrencies have gone further and built privacy into the
         | transactions also.
        
         | lancemurdock wrote:
         | car accidents account for 38K deaths a year in the US alone. If
         | we ban cars, we'd be saving 38K lives every year. Why do people
         | continue driving knowing this statistic?
         | 
         | The conversations around ransomware and climate are both
         | slippery slopes. We should be focused on better security to
         | prevent attacks as well as facilitating more renewable energy
         | instead of stifling innovation.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | Is the claim that cryptocurrency is providing a societal
           | benefit comparable to the automobile then?
        
             | quanticle wrote:
             | Not yet, but it might. Early cars were noisy, slow, finicky
             | and far more polluting than cars today. They're only as
             | useful as they are today because they were allowed to
             | evolve for a hundred and twenty years.
             | 
             | Banning Bitcoin because it's used in cybercrime is
             | analogous to banning the Model T because it got used in a
             | bank robbery.
        
               | thehappypm wrote:
               | It's much more akin to if a competitor to Ford made a car
               | with a bank-robbing feature.
        
             | 6foot4_82iq wrote:
             | Yes. Ask your average Lebanese or Venezuelan citizen.
             | Outside of privileged western states crypto has been a
             | massive societal benefit. Crypto will jeopardise the
             | monopoly of statists however, which explains the
             | coordinated establishment pushback.
             | 
             | https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210331005682/en/Gl
             | o...
        
             | lancemurdock wrote:
             | some of the biggest plagues on society are rooted in
             | central banking policies. If you have ever been upset at
             | the amount of money bankers make, markets they've
             | manipulated which resulted in tiny fines, or went bankrupt
             | and needed bailouts which require printing money which
             | devalues all the current dollars you own as well as not
             | enforce any reason for them to avoid future bubbles then
             | you might be more open to something like Bitcoin and DeFi
             | initiatives.
             | 
             | Governments are no better than banks. Both right & left
             | admins want bigger government, just in different ways. They
             | both print money at obscene rates which is cheapening the
             | money you have in your bank account right now.
             | 
             | If cryptocurrency can be a salvation from some of these
             | problems then we should 100% be seeing if it can work.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Deflationary currency would be an absolute nightmare for
               | everyone except those lucky enough to be holding on to a
               | lot of it before it was too valuable.
        
               | lancemurdock wrote:
               | Deflationary currency would be a nightmare because some
               | cohort would become very wealthy? I am not sure those two
               | thoughts are connected.
               | 
               | Deflation is not a bad thing for the end consumer. Our
               | purchasing power should be going up over time as
               | advancements/efficiencies in technology, shipping,
               | healthcare create more for less.
               | 
               | Deflation is "bad" in our current system because we have
               | so much debt that isn't backed by much collateral.
               | Interest rates rise putting a hold on businesses that
               | don't produce much and creates an endless domino effect
        
               | randomopining wrote:
               | How is an entity encouraged to take on entrepreneurial
               | risk in a deflationary environment?
               | 
               | If you have a lot of capital, it literally gains value by
               | just sitting there.
               | 
               | Less incentive to use it.
               | 
               | Only people who benefit are those that have a lot to
               | begin with (obtain more value by doing nothing).
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | That's not what I said, is it? It would be great if you
               | happen to have a bunch of Bitcoins. For everyone else it
               | would be a nightmare because it would encourage
               | disinvestment. Why take a risk when you can literally
               | just sit on your money? Loans would also become pretty
               | much unfeasible both for business purposes and for
               | consumers (hope you can buy a house with cash).
        
               | lancemurdock wrote:
               | "Hodling" is certainly part of the culture but it wont be
               | as more services get rolled out. Look at the volume on
               | exchanges, people move coins around, stake them, or even
               | loan them out for APY rates.
               | 
               | Loans would not become unfeasible, but they would be
               | extremely reduced to people who can pay them back. That
               | encourages healthy financial investment. It also
               | encourages business to focus on profitability instead of
               | raising the next round.
               | 
               | Whether its Bitcoin/Ethereum/Gold/Silver or something
               | else, a thriving financial system must be backed by
               | something finite or an extremely controlled and low
               | inflation rate. Thats not an opinion, thats a fact. Cash
               | or StableCoins could still be issued and backed by
               | something like Bitcoin or has its been done in the past
               | with Gold.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | > Whether its Bitcoin/Ethereum/Gold/Silver or something
               | else, a thriving financial system must be backed by
               | something finite or an extremely controlled and low
               | inflation rate. Thats not an opinion, thats a fact.
               | 
               | I think most people would be surprised to learn that the
               | US financial system is "unsuccessful." It certainly
               | sounds a lot like your unsubstantiated opinion.
        
               | dnautics wrote:
               | > Deflationary currency would be an absolute nightmare
               | for everyone except those lucky enough to be holding on
               | to a lot of it before it was too valuable.
               | 
               | The era 1870~1910 in the US was deflationary (as was late
               | 19th century sweden), hardly characterizable as a
               | "nightmare", especially compared to the nightmare that
               | immediately preceded it. The world had a brief experiment
               | with deflationary currency and it wasn't all terrible, in
               | fact one of the two major participants went from "failed
               | state" to "global superpower" in that timeframe, even
               | while enduring the economic challenges associated with
               | freeing its slaves.
        
         | Black101 wrote:
         | You are another one of those that want no privacy for anyone...
        
         | Miner49er wrote:
         | I don't think you'll ever be able to fully ban cryptocurrency.
         | 
         | Also, I'm not even sure ransomware is a net bad thing in the
         | first place. It encourages better security and makes companies
         | less likely to store my private information.
        
           | thehappypm wrote:
           | If the G7 banned crypto trading, even if ransomware hackers
           | wanted to be paid in crypto, companies would be unable to do
           | so without breaking the law, which would be untenable. The
           | bottom would fall out. Yes, people in other countries could
           | do it, but without major economies pumping in value, they're
           | more of a curiosity. Which, maybe would be better.
        
             | zarzavat wrote:
             | You don't need to ban crypto trading for that, you can just
             | criminalize paying ransoms.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | You don't have to; it's only valuable because you can legally
           | change it for real currency.
        
       | Pmop wrote:
       | And the cryptocurrency problem is a central banking problem.
       | Therefore, we should eliminate central banks.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | alecst wrote:
       | Is it possible to ban cryptocurrency traffic in general? How
       | would that even work?
        
         | Black101 wrote:
         | the government could block the whole internet tomorrow if they
         | wanted to.... because weapons.
        
         | verdverm wrote:
         | You ban it at the point of interaction with the existing
         | financial system. You don't have to ban or block the
         | technology.
         | 
         | A gov't can (has) made it illegal to mine or hold them as well.
         | Most people won't and the value will evaporate if there is no
         | market
        
         | coolspot wrote:
         | Same way as currently botnet command center IPs are blackholed.
         | 
         | Scan the Internet for any BTC/Ethereum open ports and blackhole
         | them.
         | 
         | Also, some ISPs disconnect users upon detection of BitTorrent
         | traffic.
        
         | mediaman wrote:
         | You can make it illegal to transact crypto. That would
         | devastate the price and ruin it as a currency. The network
         | would still exist, but it'd be useless as a medium for criminal
         | payments due to the low value.
        
           | J5892 wrote:
           | Bitcoin was wildly popular on darknet markets even when it
           | was worth less than $10. It's still tied to a dollar value,
           | so it can be used for payments without issue.
        
             | endisneigh wrote:
             | When Bitcoin was worth less than $10 how difficult was it
             | to change your bitcoin into cash?
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | Way back in the early days before exchanges, you
               | literally bought and sold them on forums using bootleg
               | paypal ripoffs (since paypal didn't recognize virtual
               | money = buyers could refund)
               | 
               | I put off my 20,000 BTC purchase because it was so
               | sketchy.
        
           | px43 wrote:
           | That is exactly as dumb as trying to make the internet
           | illegal. It would financially ruin any country who tried it
           | and give a significant advantage to everyone else on the
           | planet.
        
             | danaris wrote:
             | ....That is an extraordinary claim, and thus requires
             | extraordinary evidence.
             | 
             | There is no significant legitimate commerce taking place
             | using cryptocurrency. By what mechanism would banning
             | converting BTC to USD "financially ruin" the US?
        
               | thehappypm wrote:
               | It would certainly be bad for ransomware companies, who
               | probably make up a substantial portion of GDP in some
               | dark corner of the world. Think of their children!
        
             | mediaman wrote:
             | What evidence is available that crypto is so essential to
             | the national economy that it would cause financial ruin?
             | 
             | Just last month, China banned the use of crypto by any
             | financial institution. Are you suggesting this will ruin
             | their economy?
        
           | fighterpilot wrote:
           | Low value won't change its criminal utility. A criminal
           | looking for a $50k ransomware payment doesn't care if the
           | market cap is $50M or $50B.
           | 
           | Outlawing it will make a difference though since it'll make
           | it less likely that victims will pay, meaning the endeavor
           | has a lower success rate.
        
             | wetjen wrote:
             | Maybe. Let's say you can, for example, purchase a cruise
             | missile strike in crypto. Once a few cruise missiles land
             | in LA I imagine the world governments will take a more
             | aggressive stance on crypto. Drone strikes and military
             | intervention will follow.
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | This misses a big point though. If Corporation A needs to
             | pay $1M in crypto to Hacker B, Corporation A needs to
             | acquire $1M in crypto (whether that's 20 BTC or 20,000). If
             | it's illegal for them to acquire the crypto they can't make
             | the payment. The bottom falls out.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | Aren't they already "illegally" making the payments via
               | some 3rd party loophole?
        
               | fighterpilot wrote:
               | That's what I said in my second paragraph. The illegality
               | itself is what will work. The market value is irrelevant
        
             | verdverm wrote:
             | Indeed, and since attackers are now on notice from the US
             | Govt, they might reconsider these types of attacks
        
         | J5892 wrote:
         | 1. No.
         | 
         | 2. It wouldn't.
        
         | wetjen wrote:
         | The same way any other statue works. "No person shall convert,
         | convey or tender in any currency not approved by the Department
         | Of Treasury under penalty of ...".
         | 
         | Once violence on main street can be bought with crypto a ban
         | will soon follow.
        
       | blhack wrote:
       | I think that what you're seeing is HNers, and techies in general
       | not really understanding that there is a world that exists well
       | outside of their bubble of technology.
       | 
       | Bitcoin did not create the concept of ransom. It didn't even
       | create the concept of ransom as a business model for organized
       | crime.
       | 
       | See for instance our neighbor to the south:
       | https://www.vox.com/2018/5/11/17276638/mexico-kidnappings-cr...
       | 
       | This is such a common thing, that it has been the central plot of
       | several hollywood movies.
       | 
       | There are even insurance policies that you can get for it:
       | https://www.mexipass.com/mexico-commercial-insurance/special...
       | 
       | This is also common in the shipping industry:
       | https://www.reuters.com/article/somalia-piracy/somali-pirate...
       | 
       | And _that_ type of ransoming has had hollywood movies made about
       | it.
       | 
       | And again _that_ type of ransoming is common enough to have its
       | own insurance: https://www.marineinsight.com/marine-piracy-
       | marine/marine-in...
       | 
       | Should we ban shipping? Or ban the internet?
       | 
       | Probably not.
        
         | mcphage wrote:
         | > Should we ban shipping?
         | 
         | Shipping is pretty useful, though. What are the other major
         | uses for Bitcoin?
        
           | Mc_Big_G wrote:
           | Ask someone in a country whose currency has been debased.
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | Those people end up hoarding stable currencies like USD
             | today, how is BTC any better?
        
           | blhack wrote:
           | I don't really know how to ask this question without it
           | sounding insulting, but: do you agree that currency itself is
           | useful?
           | 
           | And then the broader question is: do you agree that financial
           | instruments are useful?
           | 
           | It seems odd to me that there are so many people on HN who
           | don't seem to understand the importance of finance. You are
           | literally posting on the website of a _venture capital firm_.
        
             | mcphage wrote:
             | > do you agree that currency itself is useful?
             | 
             | Currency itself is useful, but has existed a lot longer
             | than Bitcoin. If we're trying to evaluate the utility of
             | some new thing, merely the fact that it's another kind of
             | currency really doesn't get you much. Ocean Shipping on the
             | other hand gets you a lot of things that other kind of
             | shipping don't get you.
        
           | px43 wrote:
           | Sending money over the internet.
           | 
           | If you don't understand why that's an critical utility for
           | billions of people on this planet, then you're not worth
           | arguing with.
        
             | thehappypm wrote:
             | Crypto is one tool for sending money over the internet, but
             | it's hardly the only one, and it's far from the best. Most
             | transaction utilities don't have potential for your
             | transfer to lose 30% overnight.
        
               | px43 wrote:
               | Have you invented a magical currency that always retains
               | its value? If so you should probabally let the world
               | know.
        
               | thehappypm wrote:
               | I use the wonderfully stable US dollar.
        
             | grumple wrote:
             | Sending money over the internet is faster and safer using
             | methods that existed before bitcoin (sending via banks /
             | paypal / venmo / cashapp / etc). Crypto does not enable
             | this.
        
               | px43 wrote:
               | None of those services actually let you send money over
               | the internet. All of them are custodial. You give them
               | your money, they hold onto it, and when they feel like
               | it, they might let you interact with other users within
               | their closed ecosystems.
        
               | grumple wrote:
               | That is a distinction without a difference and a
               | nonsensical one at that. I have money in my bank account
               | and it goes to someone else's bank account.
               | 
               | The same is true for Bitcoin anyway - you have to use
               | exchanges to get money in/out and you are completely
               | dependent on strangers to process your transactions, and
               | they cost far more. Sure you can have your own wallet but
               | it's entirely useless until you interact with an exchange
               | and the network.
        
             | mcphage wrote:
             | > Sending money over the internet.
             | 
             | > If you don't understand why that's an critical utility
             | for billions of people on this planet, then you're not
             | worth arguing with.
             | 
             | Are you aware that there are other ways to send money over
             | the internet than Bitcoin?
        
           | Dah00n wrote:
           | In the long run? Maybe destroying the petro dollar. One can
           | dream.
        
             | grumple wrote:
             | This doesn't make sense to me. Are you opposed to people
             | paying for oil, or the influence of oil? Because that still
             | exists whether they are paying with dollars or crypto, and
             | will exist no matter what currency is used.
        
         | beloch wrote:
         | Ordinary people use shipping and the internet every day. They
         | do not use bitcoin.
         | 
         | This article points out that, the last time a similar wave of
         | crime occurred, the way it was defeated was by targeting the
         | banks where the money changes hands.
         | 
         | It is _because_ cryptocurrencies do not currently function as
         | usable currencies that the same trick could work again. If
         | governments pass regulations making it illegal for financial
         | institutions to process cryptocurrency transactions, companies
         | /hackers will have no way to convert real money to and from
         | bitcoin ransoms. Companies can't simply gather up bitcoin paid
         | to them by their customers, because almost nobody uses bitcoin
         | as an actual currency. The ransomers won't be able to spend
         | their bitcoin on groceries and vodka because almost nobody uses
         | bitcoin as an actual currency. Both parties need financial
         | institutions to make the transaction work.
         | 
         | Cryptocurrencies need to achieve real-world, everyday, legal
         | usefulness _fast_ or they 're going to be strangled in their
         | cradle by this. If the cost is massive amounts of energy use
         | and billions of dollars of criminal damage annually, the
         | benefit has to be more than providing a shell-game for finance
         | gamblers and purely hypothetical future benefits.
        
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