[HN Gopher] Why We Should End the Data Economy
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why We Should End the Data Economy
        
       Author : oppodeldoc
       Score  : 372 points
       Date   : 2021-06-04 16:02 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (thereboot.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (thereboot.com)
        
       | tibiahurried wrote:
       | The Data Economy is what enables "free" product for the end-user.
       | Think about email, drive, video. Users are now used to get most
       | of this stuff for free. And that's possible thanks to the Data
       | Economy.
       | 
       | End such economy basically means the users will start paying for
       | the internet. Never gonna happen.
        
       | joadha wrote:
       | The so-called "data economy" has improved our lives in
       | immeasurable ways. I can more easily discover products that are
       | relevant to me. Deserving innovations are granted a platform for
       | quicker adoption. The world at large is more efficient, because
       | relevant products and services are being delivered more quickly
       | and efficiently than ever before.
       | 
       | The author is extremely paranoid. She uses the word "should" a
       | whole lot, but does not back up her dictatorial statements with
       | any reasoning.
       | 
       | This article has failed to scare me as intended.
        
         | starchild_3001 wrote:
         | There has to be limitations to the use and distribution of
         | data. E.g. sensitive topics should be disallowed to be tracked.
         | Otherwise, personalized ads are great. They make our lives
         | immeasurably richer by enabling a free internet. They make
         | small businesses grow and thrive. They allow users to find
         | products they need w/o looking for them endlessly.
        
         | throwawaywindev wrote:
         | Efficiency is not always a good thing. We're not machines and
         | we shouldn't aspire to some Wall-E existence where we do
         | nothing but consume without any inconvenience.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | DanielBMarkham wrote:
       | I think a big part of the problem here is that our computers, and
       | the associated data they collect, are part of our extended
       | brains. They're not record players, hotel registers, or any other
       | metaphor society or our legal system has used in the past. It's
       | virtually as if you could take part of your brain out and hand it
       | to somebody, perhaps to whistle a tune you remember from school
       | or recount that chat you had with your previous SO.
       | 
       | It's not okay to take a person and hold them against their will,
       | even if they've signed some sort of agreement. Indentured
       | servitude and slavery are considered non-viable business
       | arrangements. No matter what I promise you or what our trade-off
       | is, these contracts cannot exist.
       | 
       | I think the only way this reasonably ends is when the rest of
       | society catches up to that conclusion. It might be a while,
       | though. I honestly don't think most people _want_ to know what's
       | going on, since it's quite frightening and there's nothing they
       | can do about it. This is going to have to get more and more
       | stressful to the average citizen until most folks realize what
       | kind of world we've crept into.
        
       | Hasz wrote:
       | Ending the data economy means ending inference. Most of the
       | examples listed in the opening paragraph are not direct
       | measurements, but mundane behavior that can associated with
       | something interesting. I don't think stopping inference is
       | possible (or a good idea!), but it is easy to subvert and reign
       | in, at least online.
       | 
       | Simply letting your browser emulate the browsing habits of a wide
       | variety of people could knock down your uniqueness if done in
       | bulk. I'm pretty sure there was a chrome extension a while ago
       | that browsered major sites to obfuscate your actual traffic. I
       | also like the EFF's panopticon if you'd like to see some real
       | value uniqueness scores.
        
       | RGamma wrote:
       | Viewing the world through the data lens makes you blind to the
       | things you didn't measure or that you cannot conceive a
       | measurement for.
       | 
       | It also stifles original thought that is conceived independent of
       | how things are or what people like ("culture becomes stuck").
       | 
       | When dealing with data you need to be aware of your own unfixable
       | shortcomings as an observer. And if you can influence people's
       | behavior at scale you're no longer an independent observer
       | anyway, complicating things further (a measurement that becomes a
       | target stops being a measurement).
       | 
       | There isn't one truth you could uncover in data; life is an open-
       | ended chaotic system. Let's keep it that way.
        
         | dgb23 wrote:
         | I've been thinking about data-driven AI systems that generate
         | art, photography and the like. One thing about these systems is
         | that they are always learning from past works. They don't
         | create in the same chaotic - as you say - way as we do.
         | 
         | Recognizing the limitation of these systems is key to be able
         | to use them well and when not to use them.
        
           | RGamma wrote:
           | These systems lack any form of coherent world view, artistic
           | vision, moral imperative, culture or ability to reflect on
           | their own surroundings, limitations and assumptions (higher-
           | order thinking).
           | 
           | Even if one adds randomness to create new phenomena within
           | their given framework, one can never compensate for that.
           | 
           | Uncarefully applied data-driven narratives have not enriched
           | our thinking, they're blunting it. And they blind us to what
           | could be.
        
           | TchoBeer wrote:
           | Human art is also based off of past works. Moreover, AI art
           | tends to be more, not less, chaotic than human art.
        
             | RGamma wrote:
             | Past works are one component. Major happenings, fantasy,
             | wishes, emotions, etc play a bigger role overall
             | (historically).
        
       | uberdru wrote:
       | I remember a time when the virtue that separated the U.S. from,
       | say, East Germany, was the assurance that your library borrowing
       | history was sacrosanct.
        
       | pascalxus wrote:
       | The article implies a lot of risk for having so much personal
       | data circulating around without our control. but the article, and
       | many others like it fail to show how all that risk can adversely
       | affect us.
       | 
       | I mean, so what if my neighbor gets a different ad than I did?
       | maybe he's into red shirts and I like blue shirts. so what if he
       | got a cheaper plane ticket advertisement? I'm not going to buy a
       | ticket unless it's cheap enough to do so. so what if i didn't get
       | an advertisment for a college degree, it's not going to impact
       | whether or not I'm going back to school, etc. so what if an ad
       | uses emotional language specifically targetted towards my
       | political demographic, it's not going to make a difference to me
       | after I investigate the matter objectively.
        
         | tomc1985 wrote:
         | The article itself explains this:                 Privacy is
         | important because it protects you from the influence of others.
         | The more companies know about you, the more power they have
         | over you. If they know you are desperate for money, they will
         | take advantage of your situation and show you ads for abusive
         | payday loans. If they know your race, they may not show you ads
         | for certain exclusive places or services, and you would never
         | know that you were discriminated against. If they know what
         | tempts you, they will design products to keep you hooked, even
         | if that can damage your health, hurt your work, or take time
         | away from your family or from basic needs like sleep. If they
         | know what your fears are, they will use them to lie to you
         | about politics and manipulate you into voting for their
         | preferred candidate. Foreign countries use data about our
         | personalities to polarize us in an effort to undermine public
         | trust and cooperation. The list goes on and on.
         | 
         | There are quite a few stories that have cropped up over the
         | last decade or two that show this is actually happening.... the
         | most precient one I can recall was where Target outted a
         | pregnant teenager to her parents before she even knew she was
         | pregnant:
         | 
         | https://www.businessinsider.com/the-incredible-story-of-how-...
        
           | TchoBeer wrote:
           | I wonder how true that story is
           | 
           | https://www.kdnuggets.com/2014/05/target-predict-teen-
           | pregna...
        
         | codyb wrote:
         | The big issue to me was always the data falling into malicious
         | hands.
         | 
         | Sure it's not a big deal if you buy a red shirt and I buy a
         | blue shirt but it is a big deal if you can piece together the
         | security questions (thankfully falling out of fashion as a
         | recovery method) for my bank account.
         | 
         | It's not a big deal when you don't get an advertisement for
         | your local university but if an authoritarian government roots
         | out gay people because they have access to credit card data for
         | Grindr subscription charges that's probably not great.
         | 
         | I guess my impression is that it's not what's happened so far
         | (although certainly innumerable lives have been sullied for
         | weeks, months or years at a time due to identity theft, credit
         | card fraud, and the rest), it's the potential of what could be.
        
       | anm89 wrote:
       | Explaining to people what they should do regarding matters that
       | there are no ways to achieve the stated goals is the laziest,
       | lowest value category of journalism. It's a plague.
        
         | Impassionata wrote:
         | There's a way to achieve the stated goals: have the government
         | come down real hard both on the low-level data crime and the
         | big players that are supposedly legit.
         | 
         | Burn it all down.
        
           | ianai wrote:
           | I sense this would have been in the Bill of Rights had the
           | notion been around back then. They knew the government needed
           | to protect property rights as a fundamental principle and
           | that is written throughout the legal code and constitution.
           | So endowing citizens with ownership of the date of where they
           | are, what they're doing, and how they use sites seem like
           | extensions of the personal property right. In a sane
           | universe, there might only need to be a Supreme Court
           | judgement somehow establishing this from the current
           | legalization, for that matter.
        
             | asiachick wrote:
             | I doubt it. If you ask me "who lives next door" I'll tell
             | you "Oh, the Smith's live next door, John, Jane, Jill, and
             | Jacob. John's a blacksmith, Jane makes the best apple pie,
             | Jill is studying to be a doctor and Jacob just turned 14"
             | 
             | I doubt the forefathers would have thought there needed to
             | be a law against me passing on info.
        
               | ianai wrote:
               | That actually makes it sound like unlawful search and
               | seizure.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | The US Constitution is around a century too old to care
               | about lists of people, but I think even they would react
               | badly to some powerful organization going around
               | classifying everybody by some random feature.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > The US Constitution is around a century too old to care
               | about lists of people, but I think even they would react
               | badly to some powerful organization going around
               | classifying everybody by some random feature.
               | 
               | Probably not, since it _created_ a new powerful
               | orgabization (the federal government) and _mandated_ it
               | to go around classifying everybody by a particular set of
               | feature (whether they were a "free person", an "indian
               | not taxed", or an "other person".)
               | 
               | Given that when the framers were scared of a powerful
               | organization doing something, their first concern tended
               | to be about government doing it, and their response
               | tended to be to prohibit at least the federal government
               | from doing it, I think the fact that they mandated the
               | federal government to do it indicates that it was neither
               | something they feared _nor_ something they failed to fear
               | out of lack of consideration.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | Domesday Book commissioned in 1085, Constitution of USA
               | 1787; I think you mean at least 700 years.
               | 
               | I mean the Bible tells us about censuses by the Romans
               | ~5BC, so depending what's in your list ...
        
           | anm89 wrote:
           | I'm sure we're going to "burn it all down" any day now.
        
           | bobthechef wrote:
           | That's how we got here. Revolution.
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | "Burn it all down" as a solution -- inevitably applied to
           | cultures, systems or industries viewed from the outside -- is
           | also a plague of laziness.
        
             | NoGravitas wrote:
             | The urge to destroy is also a creative urge.
        
             | Judgmentality wrote:
             | I've never heard "hey this isn't working, let's start over
             | from scratch!" be called laziness before.
        
               | bpodgursky wrote:
               | "It isn't working" is also lazy, when you're describing
               | an industry that powers half the economy, and frankly,
               | civilization is trucking along pretty OK with the data
               | industry warts and all.
               | 
               | There are certainly problems, but you haven't put enough
               | thought into what the statement even _means_ (Would this
               | eliminate EMR systems? Bank transfers? Credit scores?) to
               | consider what "burning it down" means, or "it's not
               | working" means.
        
               | mym1990 wrote:
               | I'm also surprised you haven't heard of this before.
               | Every New Year millions make resolutions that are not
               | kept because 'it is easier to start from scratch' or a
               | clean slate, but it is very difficult to actually follow
               | through.
               | 
               | People who diet non stop because they might get to day 20
               | and it isn't working and the solution is to start over in
               | a week or so.
               | 
               | It is much easier to make yourself think that behavior
               | will change if only one got a clean start. But inevitably
               | you find yourself at a similar point, and a similar
               | result.
               | 
               | In order to start from scratch and make it effective, you
               | should have a reason why things will be different in the
               | future.
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | I don't think the plan is to get rid of data collection
               | and then allow it, we ban it moving forward
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | It's lazy when it doesn't come with a proposal to replace
               | the stuff that you want to burn down.
               | 
               | It's like the US tax code... it is insanely complicated
               | and in a lot of ways doesn't serve the public well
               | (because rich folks can use the complexity of it to
               | escape taxation), so it's easy and popular to say let's
               | just get rid of it and start with a new, simple tax code.
               | 
               | The problem is it got to be the way it is for a reason.
               | We want to incentivize people to own homes and buy
               | electric cars and a thousand other things, and we use the
               | tax code to do that. If you tear it down without a plan
               | on how to keep incentivizing all the things you want,
               | you're going to end up with some undesirable results that
               | you then have to fix.
               | 
               | It's fine to say let's throw it out and start over, but
               | if that's as far as your plan goes then it's pretty lazy.
        
               | khawkins wrote:
               | >We want to incentivize people to own homes and buy
               | electric cars and a thousand other things, and we use the
               | tax code to do that.
               | 
               | [If we want] to incentivize...
               | 
               | While it's true that incentivization necessitates tax
               | code complexity, we don't all agree on the necessity of
               | incentivization in the first place.
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | Sure - that's absolutely fair. But with that said, I do
               | think that a lot of people would agree that a lot of the
               | incentives are good (I for one am glad that the
               | government is trying to get people to move to electric
               | cars) and would want to maintain something to keep
               | promoting the same things even if the tax code were
               | restarted from scratch.
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | > It's lazy when it doesn't come with a proposal to
               | replace the stuff that you want to burn down.
               | 
               | And what do we want to replace targeted ads,
               | surreptitious tracking, and a system that exploits its
               | users for money while not being held accountable to its
               | users with?
               | 
               | I'd say we're better off with nothing. So yes, in this
               | instance, burn it all down actually is a solution.
               | 
               | I'm aware I'm ignoring the externalities, I'm aware it's
               | complicated, and I'm aware what I'm proposing actually is
               | lazy. I'm aware a bunch of people will lose their jobs
               | (mostly in tech though so I really don't feel bad, having
               | spent most of life in that industry). I'm saying in this
               | instance it doesn't matter. We're still better off
               | burning it all down.
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | Presumably we want companies to be able to use user data
               | to improve their product, so that's one thing we'd have
               | to legislate around.
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | Someone else proposed what I consider a very reasonable
               | solution. Just make whatever data they have 100%
               | transparent, and you as the user can choose to offer less
               | (or more) at any point in time. This should be regulated
               | similar to HIPAA with serious penalties for any
               | violations, because it absolutely is about avoiding
               | privacy violations.
               | 
               | And if you as the user want to share no data at all, you
               | should have that option. This is the company's problem,
               | not the customer's problem - or at least that's the world
               | I want to live in.
               | 
               | And obviously don't hide anything behind dark patterns,
               | and all the other common sense gotchas. Violations should
               | be treated as criminal fraud with prison time (assuming
               | they are found guilty in a court of law, and proving
               | criminal fraud is notoriously difficult but the threat
               | needs to be real).
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | I'm surprised you haven't heard it before. "As a matter
               | of cosmic history, it has always been easier to destroy
               | than to create," as one wise man put it.
               | 
               | "Burn it all down" is easy to say. You can apply it to
               | anything, with no further thought. It's precisely what
               | I'd call "lazy".
               | 
               | To avoid being lazy, you'd have to couple it with exactly
               | what you intend to build from scratch, and ideally how
               | you'd go about it. That's a ton of work, not just because
               | you have to have a concrete idea, but because you have
               | something that people can point out the flaws of. Many of
               | whom will say, "It's terrible, burn it down."
        
           | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
           | Good luck. All those so-called hearings with social media
           | companies? Excuses to get those CEO's into the back rooms,
           | where the REAL discussions -- and graft -- sorry, campaign
           | donations -- happened. Our government is completely captured
           | by the organizations that are most-hostile to our long-term
           | well-being.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > Burn it all down
           | 
           | Easier said than done. What we're seeing is advertising as a
           | business carried to its logical conclusion. If you "burn it
           | all down", you have to end, in effect, all advertising.
           | Advertisers try to target their budget as effectively as
           | possible; the more they know about their target demographic,
           | the better able they are to do that.
        
         | jtdev wrote:
         | Uhhh, you can stop using said services and software that abuse
         | privacy, e.g., Facebook, Google, Twitter, TicToc, etc.
        
           | lsb wrote:
           | You can't opt out of cities' car culture by not driving: the
           | rest of the city is all there all the time. You can't opt out
           | of a data economy by your individual isolated action: the
           | rest of the economy is vacuuming up similar people's data all
           | the time.
        
             | metalliqaz wrote:
             | facebook has a profile for you even if you don't have a
             | facebook account
        
           | Nicksil wrote:
           | But that doesn't stop their abuse.
           | 
           | Think about all the _other_ websites out there using Google
           | Analytics, FaceBook  "Like" buttons, Twitter excerpts, etc.
           | 
           | You're ever getting away.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | Its heartbreaking that on HN, the one place that should be
           | informed about this, you still see the ignorant commend "well
           | you don't have to use facebook"
           | 
           | Even if you are homeless and living under a bridge, facebook
           | will have photos of you, uploaded by others, they will know
           | who you are and whwre you like will sell some data relating
           | to you to someone
        
           | anm89 wrote:
           | That doesn't end the data economy. It sort of ends part of
           | your personal interaction with the data economy.
        
             | anigbrowl wrote:
             | 'sort of' doing a great deal of work here.
        
             | SahAssar wrote:
             | If enough people end their own interaction with it it
             | ceases to exist, right?
             | 
             | If nobody gave their data to services that sell it on or
             | use it for profit then there is no data economy.
        
               | fsagx wrote:
               | A person would have to live a Kaczynski-like lifestyle to
               | not interact with services that aggregate and sell data.
               | No credit card, no cellphone, no internet. Cash only.
        
               | SahAssar wrote:
               | The point is that for each person that ends their
               | interaction with these companies the less data they have
               | on everyone. If only one tenth of my friends use facebook
               | they will have less data on me than if 9 tenths do.
               | 
               | Convincing even one person to choose more privacy
               | friendly choices helps a little.
        
           | egypturnash wrote:
           | Here's another industry that relies on aggregating your data:
           | Credit reports.
           | 
           | Go ahead. Figure out how to opt out of Experian, Transunion,
           | or Equifax collecting everything they can about you,
           | including pretty much every piece of data needed for identity
           | theft, possibly confusing it with someone with a similar
           | name, and then putting it in a badly-secured database.
           | 
           | No, really, if you can figure it out I'd love to know. Every
           | now and then I am reminded they exist and that they are
           | silently creating these vast troves of data without anyone's
           | consent, and all I can do is hope that if my identity
           | information is included in a data breach, I am both small
           | enough and lucky enough to not be impacted.
        
             | gspq wrote:
             | And they have an API to these data. Selling your data to
             | data vendors. And now this:
             | https://www.melissa.com/industries/healthcare
             | 
             | Health records used for AI machine learning training . Your
             | health data are in the vendor database . What possibly
             | could go wrong?
        
           | tejtm wrote:
           | True, but there is no practical way to get through our work
           | days without them using us anyway.
        
         | royaltjames wrote:
         | In any form of communication, it's the worst.
        
         | _vertigo wrote:
         | You can point out a problem without having a solution. Part of
         | the reason why this issue feels unsolvable is that people don't
         | really care enough to do anything. A piece of journalism that
         | makes people care more is a step in the right direction.
        
         | dominotw wrote:
         | we should end this category of journalism.
        
           | anm89 wrote:
           | Ha, well played.
        
         | ginko wrote:
         | I certainly think there's ways to achieve this: Implement and
         | enforce GDPR-like laws and fine spy corporations into oblivion.
        
           | DennisP wrote:
           | Which is what the article implies with statements like "we
           | should not allow X." There are several specific rules it
           | suggests, which clearly would have to be laws.
        
         | omgJustTest wrote:
         | Just because something is impractical or a solution is unknown
         | doesn't make it valueless.
         | 
         | There are possible truths that exist in mainstream math
         | formalisms[1]... for which the formalism says there may be no
         | proof of. Just because the formalism can't explain everything
         | doesn't mean we should throw it out!
         | 
         | I view communications like this as: a. making ppl aware (who
         | may not be technical) b. doing the work that may not be worth
         | $$$ c. avoiding future coordination failures of society
         | 
         | All of these in a hyper-optimized and hyper-educated societies
         | may seem inefficient, but in a non-optimized and not highly
         | educated world we live in they are the difference between chaos
         | and not.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6del%27s_incompleteness_...
        
       | atomicbeanie wrote:
       | Hogwash. Sharing data and having it stolen are two different
       | things. Luddites did not account for what their idea of the
       | future would miss out on. The data future offers new
       | opportunities in reality based communication.
       | 
       | Working on serious problems like climate change would be hobbled
       | without the rise of the data economy. But to be an economy it
       | must have rules that protect private, personal and ethically
       | important entities.
        
       | EMM_386 wrote:
       | I'm curious, can insurance companies get access to this
       | information to potentially affect policy rates?
       | 
       | That would be insane. If they know how sedentary you are, or if
       | you aren't sleeping well, or if you are driving too fast, driving
       | at dangerous hours, or if you hang out at the bar too much ...
       | can you imagine the implications?
       | 
       | It gets even wilder with things like Fitbit Charge 4 where this
       | data, in the hands of data brokers, can include data like your
       | resting heart rate, your SpO2 levels, exactly where/when you
       | walk.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | The data collectors only provide anonymized data. But it's
         | possibly for a company that collects PII to stitch together
         | their own user profile data with the anonymous data. So, yeah,
         | maybe. Like if you login to your car insurance website and that
         | website is using third-party tracking to piece together a
         | profile, they can correlate to your identity. I don't think
         | I've actually seen this done and I'm not sure if it's entirely
         | legal.
         | 
         | https://blog.hubspot.com/service/customer-data-platform-guid...
        
       | dontparticipate wrote:
       | There's not a single person that doesn't understand the "why" of
       | this, especially on HN. There's just no "how" there. It's pretty
       | clear so far that GDPR/CCPA have been complete failures.
       | Companies just design around them and consumers are in no
       | position to jump through the hoops those companies have set up to
       | defend themselves. The game is already over and we've lost and
       | articles like these are just hope porn wishing for a better world
       | that we will never see.
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | Anyone know of a confirmed instance of:
       | 
       | > They generate profits by ... selling [your personal
       | information] to ... _prospective employers_ ...
       | 
       | ?
       | 
       | This one seems unlikely but who knows.
        
         | arcticfox wrote:
         | It's one of the top use cases listed for
         | https://www.peopledatalabs.com/ (candidate sourcing).
         | 
         | And incidentally, PDL was the source of a 1.2-billion person
         | data breach a few years ago:
         | https://www.wired.com/story/billion-records-exposed-online/
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | There certainly are firms that will sell a dossier on you
         | employers or anyone else who wants it, it's just not any of the
         | players mentioned in the article. That's why I hate these
         | articles filled with _non sequitur_ fuzzy thinking. If you want
         | to end the data economy you need to start with the real
         | players: telcos, payment processing networks, ISPs, insurance
         | companies, credit bureaus.
        
         | metalliqaz wrote:
         | It's indirect. Employers use one of many firms that do
         | background checks, and those firms pay for access to the data.
        
           | djoldman wrote:
           | If you're a background check company, it seems like a
           | dangerous game to attempt to systematically match data from
           | such unofficial sources to potential employees.
           | 
           | Aren't they opening themselves up to lawsuits if they match
           | the wrong person to the wrong potential employee?
           | 
           | Additionally, isn't it illegal to decide to hire/not-hire
           | based on a bunch of protected traits? (age, sex, orientation,
           | religion, etc.)
           | 
           | It seems like a lot of the quoted information would be off-
           | limits.
        
             | metalliqaz wrote:
             | have you ever dealt with background checks? they don't care
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | No one sane would ever want their relatives, friends, work
       | colleagues, and neighbors to be able to know (quoting from the
       | OP):
       | 
       |  _> who you sleep with because both you and the person you share
       | your bed with keep your phones nearby
       | 
       | > whether you sleep soundly at night or whether your troubles are
       | keeping you up
       | 
       | > whether you pick up your phone in the middle of the night and
       | search for things like "loan repayment"
       | 
       | > your IQ based on the pages you "like" on Facebook and the
       | friends you have
       | 
       | > your restaurant visits and shopping habits
       | 
       | > how fast you drive, even if you don't have a smart car, because
       | your phone contains an accelerometer
       | 
       | > your life expectancy based on how fast you walk, as measured by
       | your phone
       | 
       | > whether you suffer from depression by how you slide your finger
       | across your phone's screen
       | 
       | > if your spouse is considering leaving you because she's been
       | searching online for a divorce lawyer_
       | 
       | No one sane is OK with corporations, governments, and other third
       | parties being able to obtain and save this information either --
       | _especially_ if their only hurdle is to get you to click  "OK" to
       | agree to some legal agreement almost no one has the time to read
       | or expertise to understand in its full implications.
       | 
       | We need a _New Declaration of Human Rights_ for the 21st century
       | that takes into account rapidly advancing technologies for
       | collecting and acting on data at mass scale.
        
         | toss1 wrote:
         | >> _Many of these companies call themselves "data brokers." I
         | call them data vultures._
         | 
         | Perfect. Except it is insulting to vultures, who at least put
         | carrion back in the food chain.
         | 
         | This is straight-up theft of our data and privacy, for profit,
         | and it needs to be both outlawed and shamed.
         | 
         | Seriously, but these slime should be more despised than common
         | burglars (tho maybe a notch above mobsters). Seriously, these
         | people are not respectable, and should not be respected or
         | tolerated in polite society. So, don't.
        
         | treis wrote:
         | >No one sane would ever want their relatives, friends, work
         | colleagues, and neighbors to be able to know (quoting from the
         | OP):
         | 
         | The things you mentioned are kind of how it was before the
         | advent modern civilization. Before Facebook tracking it was old
         | biddy tracking. Through gossip everyone knew pretty much
         | everyone's business.
         | 
         | That said, there's not an immediately obvious connection
         | between surveillance and our neighbors knowing things. I have 0
         | information about who my neighborhors are sleeping with based
         | on their cell phone tracking.
        
           | ramphastidae wrote:
           | I downvoted this because I can't read this as anything but a
           | disingenuous comparison. Surely you can understand the
           | difference in scale and motive behind village gossip and
           | global surveillance by profit-seeking corporations.
        
             | treis wrote:
             | The point is that everyone knowing everyone's business is
             | the "natural" state of human society. For most of human
             | history all my neighbors would know who I'm banging. It
             | doesn't take some sort of insanity to live like that.
             | 
             | And you've only addressed half my argument. I don't know
             | who my neighbor is banging because of cell phone tracking.
             | You don't know who your neighbor is banging. Nobody in this
             | thread knows who their neighbor is banging. It's an
             | entirely theoretical danger that has not yet come to pass.
        
             | saddlerustle wrote:
             | "global surveillance by profit-seeking corporations" is a
             | string of scary words, but gossip is much more likely to
             | cause the average person clear, tangible harm. Just
             | pointing out that digital tracking is _creepy_ doesn 't do
             | much to convince most people to inconvenience themselves at
             | all.
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | >Before Facebook tracking it was old biddy tracking. Through
           | gossip everyone knew pretty much everyone's business.
           | 
           | As already noted the difference in scale, but obviously if
           | you didn't like what the old biddies tracked about you in
           | your small town you could move to a new one and start over -
           | you can't with the global surveillance system.
           | 
           | finally it should be obvious that not everyone lived in a
           | small enough town that the old biddy network was actually
           | useful for tracking you.
        
           | NortySpock wrote:
           | Yeah, it's in grandma's forgetful brain, and to be fair she
           | probably (a) has usually learned the value of discretion, (b)
           | will pass away in a few years and (c) can sometimes be
           | dismissed as a fibber.
           | 
           | The computer on the other hand, is an eternal record and can
           | be dumped into the open by any hacker or wannabe-hacker for
           | ill intent or just for fun.
           | 
           | I guess, there's no appropriate reputation scale for what we
           | see on the internet (it's either perfectly trustworthy or a
           | total sham), there's no forgetfulness in terms of minor
           | misdeeds, and there's no way to argue with the public
           | consensus once they've made up their hivemind...
           | 
           | "No really, I've changed in the 10 years since I wrote that
           | post!"
        
         | slver wrote:
         | From reading this list, I can deduce OP just made up most of
         | them, because over half of them contains details that are total
         | BS.
         | 
         | Also I happen to think we'd be a better society if we all knew
         | everything about each other. Instead of discouraging companies
         | from analyzing us, encourage them to publish everything all the
         | time. Let governments join in on the fun. Everyone should be
         | tracking an analyzing everyone else.
         | 
         | Solves the issue with companies manipulating us to sell our
         | data, because if they publish it they can't sell it. Solves the
         | ransomware problem as well. Publish everything, no privacy for
         | anyone. You can't blackmail someone for data everyone has.
         | 
         | I wanna know what you think right now. I'm not asking you to
         | tell me, I'll scan your brain instead. And I'll know what your
         | dream last night was. And you'll know the same for me as well.
         | 
         | That's the future, prove me wrong.
        
           | hh3k0 wrote:
           | > From reading this list, I can deduce OP just made up most
           | of them, because over half of them contains details that are
           | total BS.
           | 
           | Care to specify which list entries you have trouble
           | believing?
        
           | Cederfjard wrote:
           | What a complete and utter nightmare.
           | 
           | You say that you think this would lead to a better society.
           | That aside, how would you personally feel if this vision was
           | to become reality?
           | 
           | For me, I'm certain my mind being totally exposed like that
           | would lead to debilitating mental illness and possibly even
           | the loss of the will to live. I can't imagine human beings,
           | either as individuals or a collective, being fundamentally
           | equipped to deal with such a thing.
        
             | lanstin wrote:
             | Did you ever read David Brin's The Transparent Society
             | (used to be a web article, I think it might be a book now).
             | He argues that as networking and miniaturization progress,
             | and given the curiosity of 9 year olds, we have 2 choices:
             | everyone has all data about everyone else, or, the powerful
             | (gov't corps rich) have all data about everyone else, and
             | the powerful have privacy. I'm not sure if I think that's
             | true, but I can't really think of a counter-argument.
             | 
             | If someone can slip cameras into what looks to me like
             | gnats and film my bathing, well, my bathing isn't so
             | exciting, but how can we prevent it? Some weird EM
             | shielding arms race on nano-bots or something? And still
             | all the sound I utter will be recorded. I wouldn't want to
             | live on a planet with no insects. If I were 9 and I had a
             | "build your own flying gnat" kit, pretty sure I might try
             | to find out about what naked people look like. Now I grew
             | up in a relatively repressed family and society, so maybe
             | the cool Europeans have a different take on it. Maybe if
             | there's 10M "watch people all the time" public channels
             | with video feeds from all over the planet, peoples mental
             | health would adjust somehow. I suspect we'll find out. Most
             | people (that I talk to in real life) are stolidly
             | uninterested in the "omg, do you know what the data people
             | are gathering thru your phone" facts.
             | 
             | I for sure don't want to live in a society where the
             | powerful have privacy and none of the regular people do.
        
               | Cederfjard wrote:
               | All I can say is that this line of thinking makes me feel
               | that we might be in for a bleak future indeed.
        
           | volkk wrote:
           | i'd be happy to be hung from the gallows than live in such a
           | world
        
           | kwhitefoot wrote:
           | Upvoted, not because I agree with you but because it makes
           | important points.
           | 
           | Anyone who thinks such transparency is a good idea should
           | read Arthur C. Clarke and Stephen Baxter's Light of Other
           | Days: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Light_of_Other_Days
        
           | shkkmo wrote:
           | The worst thing about the information economy of today is
           | absolutely the inequality of access. We would be better off
           | if everything that is collected was public.
           | 
           | I don't think that means we don't need privacy. It absolutely
           | has value.
           | 
           | The problem is when privacy is only available to the rich and
           | powerful, while the details about the rest of us are hoarded
           | and used by the very same powerful people who pay such a
           | premium for their privacy.
           | 
           | If we allow the collection of information, that information
           | should absolutely be public, but that doesn't mean we should
           | allow everything to be collected.
        
             | matz1 wrote:
             | >I don't think that means we don't need privacy. It
             | absolutely has value.
             | 
             | I never heard any convincing argument about why privacy has
             | value.
             | 
             | >but that doesn't mean we should allow everything to be
             | collected.
             | 
             | Why ?
        
               | wyre wrote:
               | People spend money on privacy. This gives it value.
               | 
               | I don't know anyone that would want to spend money on a
               | hotel if there was a security camera in the room. I would
               | get the more expensive room without the camera, probably
               | go to a different hotel.
               | 
               | Doctor and patient confidentiality is implicitly
               | understood. Do you think doctors should be able to tell
               | advertisers what their patients are going through.
               | 
               | Maybe your own individual privacy doesn't have value to
               | you, and that's okay, but other people value their
               | privacy, and these corps profiting off data definitely
               | find value in lack of privacy.
        
               | deep-root wrote:
               | Perhaps you'd like some privacy to surprise a significant
               | other with your purchase, rather than it show up on their
               | Venmo feed in real-time.
        
               | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
               | > I never heard any convincing argument about why privacy
               | has value.
               | 
               | You have either _never_ had to keep a secret (which I
               | highly doubt, unless you happen to be a literal child) or
               | you simply aren't arguing in good faith.
               | 
               | Assuming that you are arguing in good faith, let's
               | consider a potential reason why someone might value their
               | privacy:
               | 
               | Some people are born attracted to the same-sex (gay,
               | lesbian, bi, pan, etc.).
               | 
               | There are some countries where being gay is a criminal
               | offense; there are even some countries where you can face
               | the death penalty for this. [1]
               | 
               | If a gay person lives in one of those countries, don't
               | they have a right to keep this fact about themselves
               | private simply in order to protect themselves? Or does
               | their life have less value than the profit that can be
               | generated by the "Data Economy"?
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_for_
               | homosex...
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | Obviously the problem is laws that outlaw homosexuality
               | and not a lack of privacy.
        
               | path2power wrote:
               | To the people whose lives are at stake, what difference
               | does it make?
        
           | matz1 wrote:
           | This is the way to go in the future. It will be more and more
           | impractical, very costly, and inconvenient to hide
           | information as technology get better.
           | 
           | The problem that need to be solves is not how to hide
           | information but how to fix the issue that arise when the
           | information are public.
           | 
           | Lets talk about one example :
           | 
           | Right now it is a problem if my credit card number become
           | public because it can be used for unauthorized purchase.
           | 
           | Simply having my credit card number become public is not an
           | issue perse but for it to be used for unauthorized purchase
           | is the problem.
           | 
           | But what if I can have my credit card number public while
           | nobody can use it for unauthorized purchase ? then I won't
           | have issue for it being public.
        
             | janto wrote:
             | You'd still need to keep something private like a PIN or
             | private key.
        
           | reaperducer wrote:
           | _I happen to think we 'd be a better society if we all knew
           | everything about each other._
           | 
           | You should set the example. Go ahead and post your e-mail
           | address and password for us.
        
         | yboris wrote:
         | The author of this article, Carissa Veliz, also wrote _Privacy
         | Is Power: Why and How You Should Take Back Control of Your
         | Data_
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/Privacy-Power-Should-Take-Control/dp/...
        
           | freddyym wrote:
           | I'd advise reading pretty much everything that they write on
           | privacy, its all very worthwhile.
        
           | codeisawesome wrote:
           | If one were to buy that book (or even visit the link) - some
           | new interesting 'data points' have now been collected ;)
           | 
           | Actually no, not a wink, it's terrifying :D D:
        
             | an_opabinia wrote:
             | Privacy for me, but not for thee.
             | 
             | Imagine trying to be a new author, marketing a book before
             | Amazon, before Twitter and Facebook.
        
         | mancerayder wrote:
         | Add to this... everything you said is a forever kept thing. So
         | over decades this stuff can be mined and a tiny needle can be
         | found if it's meaningful to the searcher. It's terrifying.
        
           | choeger wrote:
           | Add to this that no one cares about whether the data is even
           | correct. A glitch in the location tracking and, bam, you have
           | an affair. Some wrongly assigned search queries or speech
           | requests and suddenly you are a pedophile. A terrorist
           | selecting you as a cover identity and you wake up in
           | Guantanamo.
        
             | reaperducer wrote:
             | _Add to this that no one cares about whether the data is
             | even correct._
             | 
             | It's interesting how our culture has adopted the mantra
             | that "computers are never wrong." Yet, every day in the
             | media there are dozens or hundreds of articles about
             | computers and systems making mistakes. I wish we could
             | break that cycle of believing anything that comes off a
             | screen.
             | 
             | I fight my own minor battles against this weekly. As part
             | of my job, I maintain an online directory of about 70,000
             | businesses related to the one I work for. I regularly get
             | e-mails from people saying things like, "The phone number
             | for X is wrong. Google says it's this...!"
             | 
             | Then when I look into it, Google is wrong. But because it's
             | Google, people assume it's right, and my web sites are
             | wrong. We need to teach people that not only do computers
             | make mistakes, but Google is the king of all mistake-
             | generating engines.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | And as we already see happening, when cultural values shift
           | over time, you will definitely be judged by things you did or
           | said decades ago. Even if by contemporary standards they were
           | typical.
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | This is a great list. SO many times people have said to me,
         | "Let them track me, I've got nothing to hide." And you hit them
         | with a few things off this list and they immediately change
         | their mind. There should be a tinurl for website I can send
         | people to that shows a simple list of all the ways personal
         | information can be used.
        
           | notamy wrote:
           | > There should be a tinurl for website I can send people to
           | that shows a simple list of all the ways personal information
           | can be used.
           | 
           | I just now set up a small site for it at
           | https://whynottrack.com/! It's open source -- GitHub link in
           | the footer -- so anyone can PR changes / reasons / etc.
        
           | an_opabinia wrote:
           | > SO many times people have said to me
           | 
           | I'm sure that's happened.
           | 
           | > to some legal agreement almost no one has the time to read
           | or expertise to understand in its full implications... New
           | Declaration of Human Rights
           | 
           | In the same breath: complain about long documents that no one
           | reads, propose authoring an unenforceable, even longer
           | document that no one will read.
        
           | dioBaco wrote:
           | Jordan Peterson has to read this article and these comments.
           | How do we get him here?
        
           | slg wrote:
           | I think these concerns still need to be translated into real
           | world repercussions before the average person is convinced.
           | Right now it is certainly creepy, but does it really have a
           | negative impact on my life for a company to know these
           | things?
        
             | momirlan wrote:
             | I remember an interview with Edward Snowden where it was
             | shown how little people cared about privacy. The
             | interviewer then translated the concern into "the gov can
             | see your dick pics". That was a no-no for most people
        
               | dnumjar wrote:
               | It was John Oliver, great episode by the way.
               | https://youtu.be/XEVlyP4_11M?t=1382
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Yes, great list. But salary and bank balance should probably
           | be added.
        
             | reaperducer wrote:
             | _But salary and bank balance should probably be added._
             | 
             | ADP is one of the largest paycheck processors in the United
             | States. But almost no one realizes that if their paycheck
             | comes through ADP, their salary information is being sold.
             | Remember, this is also a company that knows when you've
             | been hired, fired, has your Social Security Number, and a
             | lot of other very personal financial information. According
             | to a New York Times article from a few years ago, ADP is
             | selling you out worse than even the cell phone companies.
             | Yet, there was zero uproar about it that I noticed.
             | 
             | As for bank balances, I was very surprised to learn
             | recently that bank balances are not part of credit scoring.
             | I have a substantial amount of emergency savings. The last
             | time I pulled my credit reports, it wasn't on any of them.
        
           | nINYqGQadl wrote:
           | I think this list makes a case for better sharing/access
           | controls but I can see applications for most of the things
           | listed here. I might just want the insights for myself but
           | not want to share it with anyone or my data being sold
           | without my consent e.g. monitor and improve my sleeping
           | habits, monitor my expenditure by tracking my restaurant and
           | shopping habits, my health data and/or insights into it.
           | Maybe not your spouse but some parents might want to keep
           | track of what their kids do online. I know people who want to
           | have the ability to find/track the location of family members
           | etc.
           | 
           | I suppose calls for better regulation, purpose oriented data
           | collection and stricter enforcement and penalties but by no
           | means does simply don't track/collect data is an answer where
           | there are actual practical applications.
        
             | nitrogen wrote:
             | _don 't track/collect data_
             | 
             | Only two of your examples (parental controls and location
             | sharing) require any kind of network, and those could be
             | done with a private VPN running at home.
             | 
             | The design of cloud-based services is purely for
             | convenience and collection. Sometimes if the collection can
             | be controlled, the convenience is worth it, but every
             | beneficial algorithm could be run locally.
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | An example here for "run locally" would be Apple Health,
               | which uses end-to-end encryption to sync data between
               | your devices, does all the analytics stuff locally, and
               | has a extensive permissions scheme for voluntary sharing
               | of info with doctors or research programs.
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | The funny thing is that the rise of cloud computing
               | coincides with the rise of really powerful cheap personal
               | computation, you'd think it would be the opposite.
        
         | uberdru wrote:
         | Or even just a constitutional amendment that specifically
         | defines rights of privacy.
        
         | prestigious wrote:
         | I would be curious to know my inferred IQ.
        
         | Swizec wrote:
         | > your life expectancy based on how fast you walk, as measured
         | by your phone
         | 
         | Shit I would love to know this for myself! Is there a service
         | or app that can crunch the numbers and tell me?
        
           | bo1024 wrote:
           | Just to respond seriously for a second: it's good to remind
           | ourselves that ML isn't magic. If it knew your weight and age
           | it would use those for predicting life expectancy instead.
           | Same for smoking history, sleep habits, etc. But all it has
           | access to is the accelerometer, and a weak correlation is
           | better than nothing, so that's what it uses.
        
             | weasel_words wrote:
             | Someone previously illustrated sceneries where the
             | algorithm hiccupped on your data and erroneously labeled
             | you as a pedophile and/or terrorist (at the same time!).
             | 
             | If you think about it, bad ML (or your words: "...ML isn't
             | magic.") is just as bad, if not worse, than infallible ML.
        
           | rahoulb wrote:
           | Apple Health and many fitness tracker apps can estimate your
           | Vo2Max score based on your height, weight and how your heart
           | rate varies during brisk walks and runs.
           | 
           | It's not incredibly accurate but Vo2Max is regarded as an
           | important indicator of your cardiovascular health.
        
           | geenew wrote:
           | I thought that was interesting too. Looks like the research
           | on it came out 10 years ago. A couple of links from some
           | quick searching. The second link has some charts and graphs,
           | though it limits its estimates to 65+ age groups.
           | 
           | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/walking-speed-
           | sur...
           | 
           | https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/644554
           | 
           | Edit: I'd add that you likely don't need any tracker to get a
           | rough estimate.
           | 
           | If you walk faster than people around you who are roughly the
           | same age, then you'll likely outlive them.
           | 
           | That may be a reason to take it slow and smell the roses,
           | since you have more time :)
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | They only know in a statistical sense. Useful for insurance
           | companies, but not on a personal level.
        
         | erikerikson wrote:
         | I had a wedding to make sure everyone closest to me knew who I
         | was sleeping with (Emily as is already public record). It took
         | a fair bit of time and money to coordinate and hold that event.
         | 
         | When people ask how I'm doing, I tell them and that includes
         | whether my problems are impacting my daily routines and needs.
         | (Not lately)
         | 
         | I've shared the results of my IQ tests and had plenty of
         | discussions about the validity and lack thereof of those
         | results (145-160+ depending on test). Facebook likes are the
         | least good mechanism to work that out by.
         | 
         | I think one of the helpful things I do is share really good
         | places to eat and find things I want. (Nirmal's is my favorite
         | in Seattle)
         | 
         | I hope driving monitoring helps us shift from a penalize
         | infrequent rule breaking instances to helping manage attention
         | and grow skill. I speed when conditions let that be safe.
         | 
         | I suffer depression and have my whole life as everyone I know
         | is aware and now is more public on the internet.
         | 
         | You'll have to ask her but I'm not looking to leave. I'm very
         | honest and want that in my closest relationships so if we were
         | going that direction she'd be among the first people I spoke
         | with. If she feels she needs to leave I'll try and help us both
         | find happier lives but I hope it never comes to that.
         | 
         | I respect that you have a different level of openness. I think
         | a good criticism of my post is that I have a ton of privilege
         | to feel safe sharing these things. I've chosen to live a life I
         | feel entirely comfortable sharing. Clearly I'm not handing out
         | credentials but... I prefer a world that is more honest and
         | intimate and that simply requires I be open, honest, and self-
         | reflective.
        
         | donatj wrote:
         | > No one sane would ever want all their relatives, friends,
         | work colleagues, and neighbors
         | 
         | I'd happily share basically all of that information with _that
         | specific group of people_ - except maybe my neighbor that keeps
         | reporting me to the city, they don 't need to know my life, but
         | if in turn I could know who was googling city ordinances in the
         | middle of the night it might make up for it.
         | 
         | At worst I get a funny look for something I googled in the
         | middle of the night?
         | 
         | To your point, it's 100% the government I'm worried about.
         | They've got legal and lethal authority to do far worse than a
         | weird look.
        
           | virtue3 wrote:
           | But how would you trust any company to properly respect who
           | you share stuff with? There's a multitude of anti-patterns
           | that make some things public already with social media.
           | 
           | I think we should all be looking at this as either they're
           | getting -all- of your data and sharing it with -everyone-
           | (because that means more $$$) or they're NOT getting your
           | data and they CANT share it cuz they don't have it.
           | 
           | We cannot trust companies to respect our privacy because it
           | goes against their core value of turning a profit.
        
             | philosopher1234 wrote:
             | turning a profit depends to _some_ extent on our trust, so
             | we can expect companies to do _some_ good for us too
        
               | virtue3 wrote:
               | Either they sell the data, or they keep it protected as a
               | fuck you to google (aka apple) or they potentially get a
               | data leak because they aren't following best practices in
               | the slightest (aka Experian).
               | 
               | I remember being out of college and finally being able to
               | buy adobe products to do photography and then Adobe got
               | hacked and my un/pw was out in the wild. It was safer to
               | pirate their stuff and trust some crazy keygen software
               | that's definitely doing something nefarious cuz at least
               | I could run that in a VM.
        
           | Pet_Ant wrote:
           | > They've got legal and lethal authority to do far worse than
           | a weird look.
           | 
           | Society scares me more. The government has the authority, but
           | society has the power and the inclination to weaponise it.
           | The government would never bother reacting to anything that
           | RMS said but people did.
        
             | layoutIfNeeded wrote:
             | You realize the government is made of people, right?
        
               | xmprt wrote:
               | Not really. The government is more of a system that's run
               | by people. The government doesn't change much even if all
               | the people running it change.
        
             | reaperducer wrote:
             | _Society scares me more_
             | 
             | Agreed. For example, it's unlikely a government agency is
             | going to care about your personal web page talking about
             | how you're open to theories about UFOs. But a potential
             | employer may decide not to hire you because your mind is
             | open to the possibility. Or worse, an employment screening
             | company's "algorithm" will score you lower because of it.
        
           | airstrike wrote:
           | It appears you and I have very different relationships with
           | work colleagues...
        
             | jayd16 wrote:
             | If you Facebook friend your work colleagues and introduce
             | your wife then they already have easy access to what you
             | like and who you're sleeping with, no?
             | 
             | Search history and medical info would be more concerning
             | than that information, on average, I would guess.
        
         | Black101 wrote:
         | > how fast you drive, even if you don't have a smart car,
         | because your phone contains an accelerometer
         | 
         | Any car 2010 and later "smart/stupid":
         | https://www.businessinsider.com/ford-exec-gps-2014-1, so even
         | if you leave your phone at home, don't assume that you aren't
         | tracked.
        
           | Black101 wrote:
           | you don't like to hear the truth, but that's ok
        
         | pbhjpbhj wrote:
         | >No one sane would ever want their relatives //
         | 
         | People close to you probably know all these things already.
         | Even if you don't.
         | 
         | >No one sane is OK with corporations, governments, and other
         | third parties being able to obtain and save this information
         | either //
         | 
         | This is a popular view here. I don't think it's true of the
         | population as whole.
        
           | maybelsyrup wrote:
           | > This is a popular view here. I don't think it's true of the
           | population as whole.
           | 
           | I think you're right. They can get to the point where they
           | care, but my intuition is that it'd take a real crisis, and
           | even then there's plenty of incentive with this topic to move
           | on as fast as possible. We (the public) are pretty fickle,
           | and it's psychologically threatening to admit we've had a
           | voyeur living in our bedroom for a decade.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | meh99 wrote:
         | There's still billions of people who believe in helicoptering.
         | 
         | Being watched by sky wizard and judged at all times is their
         | expectation. It is their agency.
         | 
         | Write down whatever you want, how does one resolve the reality?
         | We have documents in place to cover all these things.
         | 
         | Yet here we are still.
         | 
         | You're doing what the people you aren't ok with do; expect
         | everyone to undertake creating and importing some wholly new
         | perspective.
         | 
         | We know how to regain our agency: take control of it away from
         | the aristocracy.
         | 
         | The species has done this again and again. It's not new.
        
         | matz1 wrote:
         | No, I am okay for them to be able to know.
         | 
         | Them knowing is not the problem. Them using it to harm me is
         | the problem. These are different thing, latter is a problem,
         | former is not.
         | 
         | Let pick this one example :
         | 
         | 'your restaurant visits and shopping habits'
         | 
         | Just them knowing is not problem, in fact them knowing can also
         | benefit me: e.g when they want to give me gift.
        
           | javajosh wrote:
           | "If invasive tracking is outlawed then only outlaws will use
           | invasive tracking." The problem is that symmetry is
           | impossible.
        
             | matz1 wrote:
             | I'm not advocating to outlaw invasive tracking, rather
             | advocating on solving the problem of the use of invasive
             | tracking to harm people.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | They will frame it as you harming yourself.
        
         | xibalba wrote:
         | Would you please demonstrate to me how I, Joe Q. Public, can
         | find out, via collected data that I can access, with whom
         | another person is sleeping with?
         | 
         | Or, in lieu of that, walk me through how that would be done
         | with Facebook's, Google's, or Apple's data via your first-hand
         | knowledge of those data and where and how they are stored and
         | accessed?
         | 
         | These fear mongering comments about data collection have
         | _never_ demonstrated real world harms, AFAIK. It reminds me of
         | the genetically engineered foods bogeyman that, in spite of a
         | complete lack of empirical evidence, continues to be trotted
         | out as a huge danger.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Not all of it is data you can access as the public. However
           | as the author of a program with access to internet and
           | location you can easily upload where the phone is at all
           | times and thus figure out when two are near each other. (this
           | is why newer phones OSes let users choose if the program can
           | access these things all the time or only when active)
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | Facebook, Google, et. al. might not make the data available
           | to you, but they have it.
           | 
           | If the information is stored on servers in China, then the
           | Chinese government has it as well. Maybe you aren't a Chinese
           | citizen so you don't care, but it's at least worth
           | considering.
           | 
           | The politicians we elect to craft and enact legislation that
           | affects the big data companies are always at risk of being
           | essentially blackmailed by those companies with the
           | incredibly detailed and personal information that those
           | companies have on politicians.
        
             | smithza wrote:
             | I am very skeptical about the implications of this take.
             | You paint this as "big data companies are actively
             | lobbying/threatening politicians to enact legislation
             | helpful for big data _using their big data troves_. " There
             | are politicians who work in good faith and have non-
             | controversial backgrounds who would not be liable to these
             | blackmails and _still_ don 't work hard enough to enact
             | legislation to protect citizens. This is not a big data
             | conspiracy as much as lack of political willpower.
        
           | korse wrote:
           | You need to know something about your person of interest,
           | other than a name. Then you need access to multiple data
           | sets.
           | 
           | Use a list like this as a starting point.
           | 
           | https://www.oag.ca.gov/data-brokers
           | 
           | Commuter data is good, so is foot traffic. Data sets centered
           | around health and income or quality of life can be beneficial
           | as well. The game is to use publicly available information
           | about your person to tie them conclusively to set of entries
           | in an 'anonymized' data set.
           | 
           | If you aren't at least investigative journalist tier or the
           | resources you need cost too much/require a corporate
           | presence, then hire someone to do it for you who already has
           | the pipeline set up. PI's have been available to Joe Q. for
           | years and they still are. This all just makes them even more
           | efficient.
        
           | zarify wrote:
           | There have been a number of instances here in .au where
           | centralised location/health/etc data has been misused
           | (stalking, checking out potential dates, domestic abuse or
           | aiding domestic abusers) through inappropriate access. I
           | doubt we're unique.
           | 
           | I'd argue that it doesn't need to be "Joe Q. Public", because
           | companies are made up of Joe Q. Publics.
        
           | Raidion wrote:
           | I'm undecided on this topic, but playing devil's advocate:
           | Does the fact that this knowledge exists, and only in the
           | hands of some of the largest (and most pervasive) tech
           | companies in the world, make this information 'safer', or
           | does it mean that it's a 'force multiplier' that increases
           | the risk that this information will be used a) to enable
           | anti-competitive behavior or b) be co-opted by authoritarian
           | governments to suppress dissent.
           | 
           | I personally think that if I give this data to a company, and
           | they keep it "safe" and only to support features that are
           | beneficial to me, that's totally OK, but I wouldn't like
           | companies reselling my mobility data to health insurers
           | (without aggregation or cohorting) to give me a 100%
           | customized insurance rate, regardless of how beneficial that
           | would be.
           | 
           | Data that's used to distill people down to a number and value
           | them precisely seems to have a potential to enforce
           | systematic inequalities and further improve the lives of
           | "haves" at the cost of "have nots".
        
             | kbsspl wrote:
             | Safer in what sense ? What would be your take on government
             | tolerance to the existence of such data ? Someone from the
             | clandestine teams would always want to utilise it ? How
             | well could the businesses resist.
             | 
             | Anti competitive behavior, I would think comes
             | automatically with such massive centralisation. What's
             | scary is the ability to mass incite riots, using knowledge
             | of the most susceptible audience to fake news and pushing
             | it out incendiary posts to exactly that audience. India has
             | faced multiple such incidents already. Deliberate ? Maybe
             | in the sense of affinity algorithms.
             | 
             | With the backdrop of the Stanford experiment, and a host of
             | other biases giving almost tribal warrior behavior, should
             | such affinity data be allowed for collection ?
             | 
             | My apologies if this sounds drastic, but data collection
             | generates micro nukes, generated based on turning
             | individuals into an array of microcrucibles.
        
             | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
             | Or on the flip side of that question: is it safer in the
             | hands of the user, to be shared as desired, by explicitly
             | opting in, or would it be safer in the hands of a corporate
             | entity?
        
           | supercanuck wrote:
           | Here you go...
           | 
           | https://www.ftc.gov/system/files/documents/public_comments/2.
           | ..
        
           | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
           | Think along the lines of dating apps that show your distance
           | to other users. That could be mined for changes in proximity
           | over time - one day you are miles apart, then next day you
           | are within 500ft of each other for the whole night.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | If you think the problem is merely Facebook, Google, or
           | Apple, then I think you are underestimating the amount of
           | data and who is processing it. There is an entire industry of
           | companies you have never heard of that are thinking up ever
           | more creative ways to put data together from various sources,
           | identify it, correlate it, and then sell the 'insights' to
           | whoever wants to pay.
           | 
           | At the very least, at a bare minimum, I think we need
           | legislation that covers how this kind of data processing
           | happens by third-party companies and we need to provide a way
           | for citizens to at least _see_ what data has been collected
           | about them and what  'insights' it has generated.
        
             | saddlerustle wrote:
             | Which company, apart from Facebook, Google and Apple, would
             | remotely have access to any of the data on that list?
             | Facebook Google and Apple don't share data with data
             | brokers.
        
               | belter wrote:
               | I have a bridge to sell you.
               | 
               | "Gmail messages 'read by human third parties'"
               | https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-44699263
               | 
               | "One company told the Wall Street Journal that the
               | practice was "common" and a "dirty secret". ...Google
               | indicated that the practice was not against its
               | policies."
        
               | saddlerustle wrote:
               | That article is just describing gmail APIs, which
               | requires explicit user consent via oauth to enable. This
               | is no more shocking than gmail supporting IMAP.
        
               | belter wrote:
               | "The companies said they had not asked users for specific
               | permission to read their Gmail messages, because the
               | practice was covered by their user agreements."
        
               | saddlerustle wrote:
               | Regardless of what those third party companies told their
               | users, users would have had to accept a pretty clear
               | dialog [1] delegating access to their Gmail accounts.
               | That's just how google oauth works.
               | 
               | [1] https://i.stack.imgur.com/aBTMm.png
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | Up until very recently, a lot of this could be done by
               | any of a number of innocuous looking apps with tracking
               | toolkits installed. Sometimes knowingly, sometimes not.
               | 
               | Even now, the problem is that you want the data
               | sometimes. Like maybe you use Life360 because it's handy
               | for your family. Well, it knows how fast you drive (it
               | likes to tell me my wife's top speed after she goes
               | somewhere...). It has enough accelerometer access to
               | decide if you've been in a wreck. It's a GPS app so of
               | course it has pretty tight location information. And
               | maybe you consent to all this, but hidden somewhere in
               | the TOS it says Life360 may share this info with selected
               | partner companies. Now it gets slurped up by big data
               | warehouses.
               | 
               | Maybe you install a sleep tracking app. Now they know how
               | well you sleep, and I would bet they could pretty
               | accurately figure out if/when you're having sex.
               | Depending on the device, they might even be able to guess
               | whether or not it was solo.
               | 
               | Perhaps you don't like the limited options Apple has for
               | pedometer data, so you install Pedometer++. Another
               | possible avenue for data collection.
               | 
               | Or Instacart, Uber, Uber Eats, etc.
               | 
               | So. Much. Data.
        
               | saddlerustle wrote:
               | This is a good point and a good reason to prefer first-
               | party apps!
               | 
               | No need to hide it, Life360 clearly states right near the
               | top of its privacy policy "In order to keep our Service
               | free for most users, we generate revenue through trusted
               | data partnerships. We share device data, including
               | location and movement data, with trusted data Partners
               | for tailored advertising"
        
               | zikduruqe wrote:
               | You cellular company has first party signal data, that
               | even the big tech companies don't have.
        
               | saddlerustle wrote:
               | All the internet access examples on that list would use
               | encrypted connections, so a cellular company wouldn't be
               | privy. Cellular companies do have _course_ location data,
               | but to be pedantic that doesn 't really apply to any of
               | OP's list.
        
               | thegagne wrote:
               | Server name indicator from ssl is not encrypted and
               | neither are most dns queries.
        
               | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
               | Dating sites would have that kind of data and have been
               | breached in the past (Ashley Madison was one high profile
               | instance, as I recall).
        
               | saddlerustle wrote:
               | I don't recall the Ashley Madison leak having anything
               | remotely similar to the data on OP's list.
        
               | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
               | I was replying a later comment that was considering
               | whether that list should include knowing who you've slept
               | with.
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | I've somehow never heard of this, that's a wild story.
        
               | decasteve wrote:
               | Akamai and Microsoft.
               | 
               | When your Apple device communicates with "Apple",
               | many/most of those IP addresses are owned by Akamai.
               | 
               | Even when you search DuckDuckGo, both the search results
               | (Bing) and web servers that serve the content are owned
               | by Microsoft (Azure).
        
               | saddlerustle wrote:
               | That covers one or two of the list I suppose, but is
               | there any reason to believe Akamai is lying to its
               | customers and harvesting their users' data? I can't think
               | of any incentive for them to do that, it would be brazen
               | fraud for an insignificant revenue source.
        
               | alexanderdmitri wrote:
               | Akamai's privacy policy on personal data:
               | https://www.akamai.com/us/en/privacy-policies/privacy-
               | shield...
        
               | decasteve wrote:
               | I wasn't trying to make a point other than sharing
               | examples of companies, like Akamai, that store a lot of
               | personal data on behalf of others. Storing data with
               | Apple is storing it with Akamai, and all of the other
               | third parties involved--where "third parties" becomes a
               | blanket term in privacy policies and not an exhaustive
               | list. The "chain of trust" in this regard has some
               | missing links.
               | 
               | So far as their businesses are concerned, the data is
               | safeguarded and I would never expect it to be sold--not
               | by the top of the data food chain in any case.
               | 
               | But there's the issue of data being stored with US
               | companies requiring being subject to US laws, such as the
               | USA PATRIOT Act.
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | >your IQ based on the pages you "like" on Facebook and the
         | friends you have
         | 
         | That's got to be extremely noisy, does anyone have any links
         | about this?
        
           | alextheparrot wrote:
           | Paper has some flaws, but this is a good seed point.
           | 
           | https://www.pnas.org/content/110/15/5802?sid=98dc0a8b-4443-4.
           | ..
           | 
           | IQ:
           | 
           | https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/suppl/2013/03/07/121877211.
           | ..
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | What an awesome list of examples!
        
         | polynomial wrote:
         | This naturally invites the question, what percentage of the
         | general populace is in fact sane? (sincerely curious to know
         | what number hn readers would assign to that.)
        
       | anticristi wrote:
       | > Ending the data economy may seem like a radical proposition,
       | 
       | Not in 2021. In 2018, GDPR went into force in the EU. In 2018,
       | CCPA went into force in California, US. In 2021, VCDPA went into
       | force in Virginia, US. At least with GDPR serious fines were
       | passed.
       | 
       | The right to data privacy is no longer a John-Lennon-like hippie
       | idea. It is law. Now go and fix you business model.
        
       | emodendroket wrote:
       | This reminds me of when people want to "reverse financialization"
       | or "get rid of the shareholder value model." How are you going to
       | reverse an idea and what are you going to replace it with?
        
         | jjulius wrote:
         | >How are you going to reverse an idea...
         | 
         | In this case, make mass data collection and targeted
         | advertising illegal.
         | 
         | >... and what are you going to replace it with?
         | 
         | The model(s) we had before - generalized advertising based on
         | who advertisers believe the broader audience that watches X
         | show or views Y website is.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | Making "mass data collection" illegal seems pretty fraught. I
           | doubt that anybody would want that in its literal form. I'm
           | not sure anyone is too interested in nuking our tech sector
           | either but maybe I'm wrong about that part.
        
       | julienb_sea wrote:
       | We derive great benefit from the "data economy" in the form of
       | services which are NOT free to develop or operate but have no
       | cost associated with their usage. We also enjoy the benefits when
       | it comes to social connections, disaster recovery, and tracking
       | our lost valuables. It is not going away.
       | 
       | The potential pitfalls of the data economy are about overbearing
       | or violent governments, or about poorly managed data protection.
       | This has much more to do with the bad actors than the tools they
       | are using. It's sort of like saying we should ban information
       | distribution because bad actors can spread misinformation.
        
       | prohobo wrote:
       | This is a bit weird... The Reboot is sponsored by DFINITY, which
       | is the company behind the Internet Computer and did a
       | presentation at the World Economic Forum in 2020.
       | (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FfTJEMj1GTw)
       | 
       | The WEF is 100% pro datamining the shit out of everyone, and
       | AFAIK they only invite people who share their vision of the
       | future. So, why is DFINITY making presentations for them while
       | also sponsoring anti datamining journalism?
       | 
       | I'm not saying that "THIS IS WRONG!" I'm just confused as to
       | what's going on here.
        
       | peter303 wrote:
       | Irony: I got an "accept cookies" button when reading the article.
        
       | akomtu wrote:
       | If greed is steam and capitalism is a steam engine, then
       | surveillance capitalism is a modern steam engine with lots of
       | sensors optimizing its performance.
        
         | UI_at_80x24 wrote:
         | >If greed is steam and capitalism is a steam engine
         | 
         | I rather like this simile. Kudos!
        
       | 34679 wrote:
       | Anyone engaged in the collection and sale of data should be
       | required to maintain a list of their customers. Upon the sale of
       | data, the customer should be required to provide their list to
       | the broker. At the point of collection/consent, the list should
       | be made available to the consumer.
       | 
       | For example: You want to vote in an online poll by company A.
       | Company A collects data about you and sells it, so you must agree
       | to their privacy policy. Company A's privacy policy discloses
       | that they sell your data to Companies B, C and D. Companies B, C
       | and D have provided a list of its customers to Company A, and
       | Company A includes those lists as well. In addition, the
       | customers of those companies provide lists (as all data brokers
       | would be required to do).
       | 
       | If its seems like it could get overly complicated with huge lists
       | of data brokers for a simple online poll, that's the idea. You
       | shouldn't have to wonder how many entities you're giving access
       | to your information when, for example, you want to vote for MLB
       | All-stars. MLB wants your name, address, email, phone number, and
       | they disclose they'll "share it with partners" but they don't say
       | who those partners are, how many exist, and if they have their
       | own "partners". Vote for your favorite player and you could be
       | getting a phone call for life insurance 15 minutes later after
       | your number has been passed through 5 different companies.
        
         | hedgedoops2 wrote:
         | CCC has a longstanding policy demand called the "Datenbrief"
         | ('data letter'). Under this proposal, every corporation that
         | keeps personal information about a natural person would be
         | obligated to, once a year, mail the subject a letter containing
         | their information, with instructions how to exercise their
         | existing statutory deletion/correction rights.
         | 
         | If you keep PII, you'd also need to keep some contact info for
         | the subject, and use it to ensure they know about their rights
         | / the data. The existence of the data-related right would imply
         | an obligation to inform the subject about it.
         | 
         | I guess I'd prefer a web interface displaying all the data
         | holders with little "delete" buttons, over getting a gazillion
         | letters, but if this is implemented by a single organization
         | that actually has all your data (even if only for the purpose
         | of faciltating GDPR), it could be a central point of failure.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.ccc.de/en/datenbrief
        
       | bdamm wrote:
       | The author writes as if exploitation is a new phenomenon. It is
       | annoyingly naive.
        
       | ayngg wrote:
       | Data feels like the next resource (like hydrocarbons or other
       | resource extraction) where it can be exploited for massive profit
       | while its costs externalized for the rest of society to bear.
       | 
       | Like how it took decades for society to come around to human
       | influenced climate change, it will probably take a while for
       | people to accept the social and mental health costs associated
       | with the extraction and use of this resource, or we will get to a
       | point where people are manipulated enough to be insulated from
       | such a realization.
        
       | 29athrowaway wrote:
       | If you can't hide your activity just pollute their data to the
       | point it becomes unuseable. Give them data that makes them lose
       | money.
       | 
       | Search random stuff you are not interested in and see them
       | desperately throw money into the toilet.
       | 
       | Search plane tickets to Congo, saxophones, windsurf equipment,
       | paintings of toucans... the most random shit you can think of.
       | 
       | Then you will start seeing ads for that, which is seeing the ad
       | tech imploding in front of your eyes.
       | 
       | The more you do it and the more other people do it, the less
       | profitable ad tech becomes.
       | 
       | Also search for stuff outside your demographics, like stuff for
       | older people, so they get your profile wrong.
        
       | cevered wrote:
       | I highly suggest you guys checkout Decentr. They are building
       | blockchain platform that allows individuals to have ownership
       | over their personal data to exchange and leverage for economic
       | benefits in a decentralized and secure way. I think it's false to
       | say we can't collect data in a secure way therefore stop the data
       | economy. We should be seeking to empower individuals with the
       | ownership of their own data to create a true data economy.
        
         | aeoleonn wrote:
         | when I hear "blockchain" my eyes glaze over
        
         | Jwarder wrote:
         | How paranoid should I be of a browser plug-in that promises to
         | track every interaction I make and provide that data for
         | advertiser targeting?
        
           | cevered wrote:
           | All of your data is stored in an encrypted wallet/ID via
           | decentralized storage solutions. Only you have access to your
           | data and control over your data via a private key like a
           | crypto wallet.
        
       | ipsin wrote:
       | As I understand it, CCPA means any California resident could
       | hypothetically write a data broker, get their own file, and
       | determine how much _actual_ tracking is going on.
       | 
       | All the hypothetical examples are realistic, but... what are the
       | names of companies that are actually providing that level of data
       | about me?
        
       | ram_rar wrote:
       | Similar to KYC (Know your customer) [1] in financial services
       | industry. We need Know your Data Broker for customers, where in
       | customers can know which data brokers have used their
       | information. Most of the data brokers run in the dark and very
       | few outside of tech are aware of it. Data Brokers should allows
       | customers to be opted out and purge information from their
       | systems if needed.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Know_your_customer
        
       | Barraketh wrote:
       | Honestly, I'm kind of sick of how bad a rap advertising gets. Now
       | sure, companies knowing a lot about your personal life is creepy
       | on an intuitive level, but the fact of the matter is that cookie
       | tracking data has NEVER been associated with any leak or data
       | breach that resulted in personal harm. The thing people SHOULD be
       | worried about is stuff like the Experian leak, where credit
       | companies collect your non-anonymized personal data.
       | 
       | Also, fact is that matching consumers with products that they
       | like doesn't just have enormous business value, but is actually
       | socially positive! If you can more easily reach a niche audience,
       | you can build better more targeted products. And the open data
       | exchanges were a great moat against platform centralization like
       | FB. The fight against open data exchanges make the comparative
       | advantage FB has in advertising to you larger. That's actually
       | pretty bad, because FB has some pretty bad incentives wrt to the
       | attention economy and optimizing for engagement. A world where
       | advertising on independent websites is effective is a much better
       | one - it would let websites put out better content, it would
       | decrease the power of social networks, it could fund better
       | journalism (which is being decimated right now), etc.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | > _Honestly, I 'm kind of sick of how bad a rap advertising
         | gets._
         | 
         | Couldn't have happened to a worse industry
        
         | hypertele-Xii wrote:
         | Advertizing needs to be _pull_ , not _push_. That is, when I
         | have disposable income and am looking to spend it, there ought
         | to be a place I can go to browse ads.
         | 
         | Otherwise, get the fuck off my attention span, stop bloating
         | the web, and stop polluting public spaces with irrelevant
         | information!
        
         | adkadskhj wrote:
         | > Also, fact is that matching consumers with products that they
         | like doesn't just have enormous business value, but is actually
         | socially positive! If you can more easily reach a niche
         | audience, you can build better more targeted products.
         | 
         | Maybe this works well for some products, like "I know i need to
         | buy milk, what should i buy?" but it has often been used in a
         | form that appears like an abusive relationship.
         | 
         | Think about all of the kid-targeted ads from 30 years ago which
         | peddled sugars and psychological tricks to get kids frothing at
         | the mouth over their food and toy products. These weren't
         | merely advertisements, but targeted attacks to the brain. And
         | of course things haven't changed, it's just iconic to talk
         | about early TV's cereal commercials hah. As with many product
         | advertisements, they're not just trying to make you aware of
         | the product - they're trying to bypass your consciousness and
         | hook straight into your brain.
         | 
         | That was 30 years ago, and we've had the misfortune of seeing
         | this evolve. Now social media advertisements are hyper targeted
         | with similar tactics but more nefarious goals. Misinformation
         | at the hands of targeted advertisements has been the source
         | many-a controversies of recent years.
         | 
         | My point is i'd agree with you if advertisements haven't been
         | so blatantly manipulative over the last 50+ years. If they were
         | simply "Hey, you like X, try Y?"; but they're not. That ship
         | sailed before i was even born. And it's only gotten worse with
         | time.
        
         | tomc1985 wrote:
         | Data can still be anonymized and dangerous. In extreme cases
         | de-anonymization is available and for all the rest it still
         | results in the targeted individual being exposed to
         | manipulations and attempts at influence. And the amount of
         | influence that advertisers wield absolutely needs to be curbed
         | to an absolute minimum or, even better, non existence. People
         | need to be making decisions on their own _rational_ self-
         | interest and not emotional overtures amplified by an intimate
         | understanding of someone 's fears and sensitivities.
        
         | ben0x539 wrote:
         | > Also, fact is that matching consumers with products that they
         | like doesn't just have enormous business value, but is actually
         | socially positive!
         | 
         | What is the math here? How do you account for society-wide lost
         | productivity from spending time consuming advertising? Or for
         | people making sub-optimal purchasing decisions when products
         | that are worse for their needs happen to have bigger
         | advertising budgets?
        
         | pdonis wrote:
         | _> matching consumers with products that they like_
         | 
         | Is not advertising, it's sales: the seller establishes a
         | personal relationship with the buyer, finds out what the
         | buyer's needs and wants are, and proposes a product or service
         | to them that satisfies those needs and wants. Advertising is
         | nothing like that.
         | 
         | Not to mention that most things that get advertised for,
         | _nobody_ sells the way I just described above. The only
         | products most people buy that get sold that way are houses and
         | cars, and those aren 't the kinds of things advertisers are
         | trying to sell using harvested personal data. Most products
         | that people buy that are advertised that way, they choose
         | themselves, they don't have a personal sales person helping
         | them.
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | > but the fact of the matter is that cookie tracking data has
         | NEVER been associated with any leak or data breach that
         | resulted in personal harm.
         | 
         | How could you possibly make this claim in good faith, let alone
         | believe it?
         | 
         | EDIT: typo
        
         | drocer88 wrote:
         | "but the fact of the matter is that cookie tracking data has
         | NEVER been associated with any leak or data breach that
         | resulted in personal harm"
         | 
         | Do you have a link for this?
        
           | Barraketh wrote:
           | Well, it's hard to prove the absence of a negative - I think
           | that it's on the people claiming harm to provide some
           | examples. However, I'm not even sure what a cookie data leak
           | would look like. The large advertising brokers are handling
           | petabytes of cookie tracking data per day. To gain any
           | insight out of it you need to run jobs on giant clusters. The
           | volume of the data makes it basically impossible to
           | exfiltrate. So yeah, I'm pretty confident in this statement.
        
             | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
             | > The large advertising brokers are handling petabytes of
             | cookie tracking data per day.
             | 
             | Citation needed.
             | 
             | Also, you don't need a copy of every single byte that a
             | tracking company collects; summaries are more than enough
             | to be useful to track individuals across the internet.
             | 
             | > The volume of the data makes it basically impossible to
             | exfiltrate.
             | 
             | An attacker doesn't need to try to exfiltrate a large
             | fraction of collected data; only the data that's likely to
             | be interesting to them.
             | 
             | See Facebook/Cambridge Analytica [1] for an example of just
             | how incompetent a technically-sophisticated company can be
             | when it comes to protecting their users' (and their own!)
             | data from potential adversaries.
             | 
             | [1] In particular, the comments from Alex Stamos, the CSO
             | who said "We have the threat profile of a [...] defense
             | contractor, but we run our corporate networks [...] like a
             | college campus" (from
             | https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/19/facebook-security-chief-
             | alex... )
        
           | bitexploder wrote:
           | Their claim is logically dubious anyway. It's not the cookies
           | themselves but all the associated data that cookiesnlet big
           | tech associate to profiles. This claim they are making about
           | cookies are not associated with a breach is highly suspicious
           | and not a good faith argument IMO. Even if they are not
           | directly linked, cookies and tracking tools exist in a system
           | and don't exist in a vacuum. They are the tip of the spear.
           | Sure the tip isn't what kills you, but having the whole spear
           | rammed through you sure does.
        
         | edgyquant wrote:
         | While I agree with this it should be easier to opt out without
         | disabling JavaScript across the internet.
        
         | KyleBerezin wrote:
         | I want a system that tracks me and is 100% transparent to me.
        
           | Toks wrote:
           | Exactly. It's not the tracking that is the problem, it's the
           | lack of control/transparency. I want a personal data bank
           | where I can decide who knows what about me.
        
             | meh99 wrote:
             | Don't expect that with big corporate hoarding it all for
             | you. It's "their infrastructure" and their business.
             | 
             | The west wants to be free of life's problems while also
             | being free to optimize time to avoid dealing with them.
             | 
             | It's almost as if physical reality is full of real
             | constraints our imaginations can refuse to acknowledge.
        
         | mumblemumble wrote:
         | > cookie tracking data has NEVER been associated with any leak
         | or data breach that resulted in personal harm.
         | 
         | This is a very specific statement. It may be true. But, even if
         | we accept for the sake of argument that it is, it's not quite
         | the same statement as, "Mass personal data collection has never
         | resulted in personal harm," which, while seeming quite similar,
         | also happens to be false.
        
           | Barraketh wrote:
           | I'm trying to differentiate between data that is anonymized
           | (cookies), and data that is not. I'm unaware of any data leak
           | of anonymized data that resulted in any harm, but if I'm
           | wrong I'd love to hear about it.
        
             | mumblemumble wrote:
             | Perhaps? But focusing on that specific case means you're
             | not aiming for the same goalpost as the article was.
        
               | Barraketh wrote:
               | I think you are right - this was a brain dump of some
               | things I've been thinking about, specifically on how the
               | fight against cookie tracking is making centralization
               | worse and companies like Facebook more powerful. This
               | article generically criticizes both, but I think there's
               | actually a tradeoff here, and not making the distinction
               | may lead to bad policies
        
             | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
             | How about intentional publishing of "anonymized" data? It's
             | intentional, so it should be even less potentially harmful
             | than an unintentional leak, right?
             | 
             | Well, Yahoo's publishing of supposedly "anonymized" data
             | still poses a privacy risk to any of their users:
             | https://www.vice.com/en/article/yp3d8v/yahoos-gigantic-
             | anony...
             | 
             | That's just one of many apparently "anonymized" datasets
             | that has been trivially deanonymized by
             | researchers/hackers/internet-stalkers; so there's plenty of
             | harm to be done.
        
               | akdej27nd91ng wrote:
               | Fun fact: one of the top 5 digital advertising platforms
               | "anonymizes" user identifiers with a simple hash
               | algorithm and "salts" all of the hashes with the same
               | "salt". Can you guess the "salt"? Hint: it is commonly
               | found on a dinner table and is used to season food.
        
               | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
               | I can't say I'm at all surprised. I've had similar
               | conversations in a non-advertising field with non-
               | technical managers where their attitude basically boiled
               | down to "What do we care?" when it came to problems that
               | would cost someone else money.
               | 
               | I also can't see attitudes like that changing until
               | companies that collect data are seriously held to account
               | for any leaks/abuses of the data that they collect.
               | 
               | Potential penalties would probably have to include
               | criminal charges, in much the same way that individuals
               | and companies can be held criminally liable for
               | mishandling toxic waste.
        
           | nickff wrote:
           | But "[m]ass personal data collection" is a huge superset of
           | "cookie tracking data"; the former encompasses all credit
           | card information database breaches (such as Sony's), along
           | with all government and healthcare database 'leaks'.
        
             | mumblemumble wrote:
             | We could limit it to "for marketing purposes" (which is
             | what I meant, though I failed to specify it) and still find
             | plenty of clear-cut examples of harm. This isn't breaking
             | news. I took a class in graduate school that was largely
             | devoted to studying examples of them and discussing their
             | ethical and policy implications, and that was years and
             | years ago.
        
         | cryoshon wrote:
         | >actually socially positive
         | 
         | >If you can more easily reach a niche audience, you can build
         | better more targeted products.
         | 
         | in practice, these two concepts are incompatible. everyone has
         | buttons that can be pushed with the help of detailed
         | psychological profiles made by advertisers.
         | 
         | if you push those buttons enough times, it's typically
         | unhealthy for the person and financially beneficial for the
         | pusher all the while.
        
         | jerry1979 wrote:
         | I see a couple some framing issues your comment. For example,
         | the comment links (A) cookie tracking data with (B) people
         | giving advertising a bad wrap. But, I think that people give
         | advertising a bad rap for many reasons beyond simply cookie
         | tracking. Given that, I worry that the idea "cookie tracking
         | never led to harm" distracts me from the larger issue of
         | generalized corporate and governmental data surveillance,
         | especially considering that it seems like personal data
         | breaches usually deal subtle harm to people.
        
         | spinningslate wrote:
         | >Honestly, I'm kind of sick of how bad a rap advertising gets.
         | 
         | Work in advertising by any chance?
         | 
         | If you read the article, it's not primarily about advertising.
         | It's about privacy and the negative impact to society on losing
         | it.
         | 
         | The ad tech firms were certainly pivotal in creating the
         | dystopian surveillance world we live in. They deserve every
         | single bit of bad rap they get for that and, personally
         | speaking, I really hope there's a _lot_ more bad rap heading
         | their way.
         | 
         | >the fact of the matter is that cookie tracking data has NEVER
         | been associated with any leak or data breach that resulted in
         | personal harm
         | 
         | I don't know if you're deliberately positioning that
         | duplicitously or not. I'll give you the benefit of the doubt.
         | 
         | Whether there are cookie-based breaches or not is, in practical
         | terms, irrelevant. Read the article. With cookies, and without
         | breaches, the Facebooks and Googles of the world allow
         | advertisers to promote smoking to children or payday loans to
         | those with financial troubles.
         | 
         | Advertising is a wide spectrum. At one end it's relatively
         | benign: billboards and the like. Some feel even that is
         | unacceptable. At the other is the FB/G hyper-targeted end. In
         | and of itself it is extremely creepy. But the article is about
         | much more than just the weird experience of wondering how they
         | knew to target you for erectile dysfunction treatment. Or
         | divorce lawyers.
         | 
         | Ad tech has bootstrapped a global panopticon. That's the
         | problem here.
         | 
         | Oh, and next time your insurance premium goes up mysteriously,
         | have a think about your browsing history.
        
         | troutwine wrote:
         | > Honestly, I'm kind of sick of how bad a rap advertising gets.
         | Now sure, companies knowing a lot about your personal life is
         | creepy on an intuitive level, but the fact of the matter is
         | that cookie tracking data has NEVER been associated with any
         | leak or data breach that resulted in personal harm. The thing
         | people SHOULD be worried about is stuff like the Experian leak,
         | where credit companies collect your non-anonymized personal
         | data.
         | 
         | I mean, why not both? I simply cannot think of someone who
         | dislikes tracking-as-advertisement and is pro central
         | clearinghouses for more targeted personal information.
         | 
         | > Also, fact is that matching consumers with products that they
         | like doesn't just have enormous business value, but is actually
         | socially positive!
         | 
         | Only with the unstated premise that tracking _will_ happen and
         | it's better if that tracking is done in a decentralized
         | fashion. Sure, I can agree that there shouldn't be a monopoly
         | at the focus on online tracking-as-advertising, but there's an
         | additional argument that the space _should not exist in
         | itself_. These arguments have been rehashed endlessly online
         | and especially on HN so they probably don't bear repeating
         | here, but the either or choice you represent is disingenuous.
         | 
         | EDIT: fixed a typo
        
           | Barraketh wrote:
           | The premise is slightly different. I'm mostly differentiating
           | between cookie tracking and social networks (and some other
           | large online platforms). The large online platforms don't
           | need to track you - you give them your data willingly.
           | Facebook knows a lot about you not because it's tracking you,
           | but because you keep posting things to it. Cookie tracking is
           | an alternative way to build up an effective advertising
           | profile that is decentralized and anonymized, which I think
           | has some value.
        
             | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
             | > The large online platforms don't need to track you - you
             | give them your data willingly.
             | 
             | Most people don't know the extent to which companies track
             | them across the internet and their devices. It really would
             | be better described as "stalking" given that there is a
             | clear intent by most online platforms to be as stealthy as
             | possible when it comes to their data collection activities.
             | 
             | > Facebook knows a lot about you not because it's tracking
             | you, but because you keep posting things to it.
             | 
             | That's not at all true. People who have explicitly chosen
             | to _not_ have a Facebook account still have their data
             | sucked into the maws of Facebook's data collection systems.
             | [1]
             | 
             | > Cookie tracking is an alternative way to build up an
             | effective advertising profile that is decentralized and
             | anonymized
             | 
             | Cookies cannot possibly be used to build up any sort of
             | decentralized "advertising profile" across the internet -
             | either you allow third-party cookies for tracking and the
             | advertisers become the centralized data collectors or you
             | don't and the cookies don't really provide any information
             | that a website couldn't already collect (and which,
             | critically, wouldn't be useful to produce an advertising
             | profile for anything other than a single website).
             | 
             | > [..] which I think has some value.
             | 
             | Value for whom? It seems that you're very interested in
             | talking about the value of data for those who collect it
             | and are completely disregarding the value or cost to the
             | people who are being tracked.
             | 
             | [1] - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5921092
        
         | Der_Einzige wrote:
         | "Marketing is manipulation and deceit. It tries to turn people
         | into something they aren't -- individuals focused solely on
         | themselves, maximising their consumption of goods that they
         | don't need"
        
           | questionableans wrote:
           | It doesn't have to be that way, but that's typically the most
           | profitable strategy, because most products actually suck.
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | The only data that can't be leaked is the data people don't
         | have. When the OPM could be hacked, everything can be hacked.
         | 
         | Based on this, the only solution is to make sure nobody has any
         | information that may possible be leaked and, at the time or
         | later, be connected to me.
         | 
         | In addition to that nobody targets ads with value, because
         | valuable products are super rare and don't need advertising
         | because those show up in magazines, on blogs etc created by
         | people interested in the field, because sharing those products
         | give value to their readers.
         | 
         | I tested it recently on youtube, both by my locked in account
         | (15? year old google account with a ton of info) and in a
         | firefox container. The first ad was for some casual mobile
         | game/scam and the second was for something I can't remember
         | anymore. I also don't remember the first ad I got on the
         | account that wasn't logged in, but the second one was for a
         | website that sold used iPhones, something that I am very much
         | interested in.
         | 
         | So, despite knowing a ton of me, Google couldn't show me a
         | related ad that was better than the ad it showed when it had no
         | data.
         | 
         | For a very long time the ads in gmail were all about getting
         | loans no matter how poor my credit was, when my issue was that
         | I need a good place to invest my money, not take on expensive
         | loans.
         | 
         | Currently they were trying to sell me extra chargers for
         | electric cars, of which I don't own any.
         | 
         | Facebook showed me a generic ad for cancer awareness aimed at
         | somebody 15 years older than me (they know my real date of
         | birth).
         | 
         | Previous to that they showed me a ton of ads for extra comfy
         | travel trousers.
         | 
         | Twitter got the closest by showing me ads for places to buy
         | crypto (yes I am interested in that space, no I won't by stuff
         | from ads that scream scam to me).
         | 
         | I don't know what will replace ads, and it is possible that ads
         | might bring some value in specific cases but in general they
         | are a waste of money. I suspect Google etc knows this, but
         | can't say it for obvious reasons.
         | 
         | Brand awareness ads might make sense, but it doesn't really
         | make sense to target those much.
        
         | questionableans wrote:
         | > Also, fact is that matching consumers with products that they
         | like doesn't just have enormous business value, but is actually
         | socially positive!
         | 
         | Well, sometimes. But what people want is not always good for
         | them or for society at large. Targeted advertising has a side
         | effect of hiding what exactly is being advertised to society.
         | There's obviously the extreme cases of "vices," but what about
         | things like junk food? People love it. Targeted advertising can
         | induce cravings that make people buy and eat things they know
         | are not good for them. Or for another example, what about
         | pesticides and gas guzzling trucks? I don't want all my
         | neighbors' vanity being exploited in order to pollute my
         | neighborhood. We can openly talk about what we all see on TV,
         | in newspapers, or on billboards, but if I'm not seeing the same
         | ads as my neighbors online, those conversations aren't going to
         | happen.
        
         | intricatedetail wrote:
         | Advertising that uses targeting is nothing else than
         | manipulation and fraud and should be banned.
         | 
         | Disclaimer: I worked in advertising.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | Part of the data economy is this curious phenomenon: nicely
       | styled web articles, where 99.9999% of the effort goes into
       | producing the graphical artwork (often just for that article, not
       | from a stock library!), and the text is just someone banging out
       | some Reddit-comment-level crap for 5-10 minutes.
       | 
       | Imagine this in a plain document with no CSS:
       | <body>         <h2>Why We Should End the Data Economy</h2>
       | <p>The data economy depends on violating our            right to
       | privacy on a massive scale,            collecting as much
       | personal data as possible            for profit.</p>
       | <p>...</p>         ...
       | 
       | Now it's just the rant of some loser who doesn't even know the
       | first thing about making an attractive web page, and doesn't have
       | any friends who are graphical designers or artists to help him or
       | her sell the idea to the masses.
        
       | bsedlm wrote:
       | I think we should go further, into a full review of what it means
       | to own something. However this is rather ambitious considering
       | that the idea of ownerhsip lies at the very foundation of
       | civilization as we do it.
       | 
       | But the nature of "digital property" has changed things. If you
       | think the printing press changed the nature of human societies,
       | just wait until the internet has existed for a few hundred years
       | and their corresponding number of generations.
       | 
       | Capitalist market economies, trade-centric as they are, have
       | evolved around a world in which all property is exclusive.
       | However starting from printing press up to "model-T"--style mass
       | production (the development of industrial societies) reduced the
       | cost of copying and duplicating stuff more more until the
       | creation of the internet brought about "digital goods" (such as
       | all your personal data) which has duplication costs _below_
       | marginal (I think digital copying has essentially ZERO cost).
       | 
       | Digital goods provide a huge boon if we are able to stop trying
       | to force-fit them into a system which works great for physical
       | (i.e. exclusive) goods. Why and how did Microsoft become what it
       | is during the 90s? because of huge savings in duplicating their
       | software in a society that expected said duplication to have a
       | not-negible cost.
        
       | bobthechef wrote:
       | Articles that make declarations about how bad X is and then
       | follow that up with empty calls to action like "We need to end X"
       | to get people nodding their heads in agreement are common and
       | cheap. What's your solution? Is there one?
       | 
       | Sure, you can draw attention to something bad, but if all you
       | ever do is live off the drama and frantically declare that X
       | "needs to stop" (I loathe that airheaded phrase like few others),
       | what good are you? Who's going to stop it? Passive voice does not
       | impress. When I need to eat, I eat. I don't say "I need to eat"
       | and leave it at that. I'd starve.
       | 
       | Clearly you think it can be stopped. Clearly you think it's not
       | just an unfortunate malady of the age that we must bear. You
       | think it can be fixed. Where's your proposal? How are we going to
       | shift the tech economy away from surveillance?
       | 
       | The growth of the data economy is like the growth of finance.
       | Neither finance nor data gathering actually produce anything.
       | They can help produce something, inform or facilitate the
       | production, but it's not productive in itself. In the limit,
       | you're left with a hot potato economy where people gather data to
       | sell for the purpose of gathering more data.
       | 
       | Maybe this is incentivized by the killing of the industrial base.
       | Everything we buy is from China. All the US does is consume.
        
         | meh99 wrote:
         | It's not a journalists job to dictate policy.
         | 
         | It's to emotionally masturbate a message.
         | 
         | Then the people will look at the politicians offering fixes.
         | 
         | This is the whole point of division of labor.
         | 
         | So many on this thread are looking for Superman. Did you found
         | the company you work for and take out the garbage, while
         | refilling the snack machine?
         | 
         | You want someone like PG to write down some elementary math and
         | say it's a solution to something?
         | 
         | No one does it all.
        
       | not_jd_salinger wrote:
       | The "data economy" is just an extension of the "Advertising
       | Economy".
       | 
       | Of course the idea of an "Advertising Economy" should cause
       | people to pause a bit since advertising, by its nature, can only
       | help maximize profits for somebody else. In theory the money that
       | gets pumped into advertising can only be squeezed from the
       | profits of other companies who are doing some optimization,
       | weighing the cost of advertising vs the increase in their market.
       | The maximum amount it makes sense to pay an advertiser is
       | proportional to the increase in the audience they provide, with
       | the assumption that your profit - fee * population_ads > profit *
       | population_no_ads.
       | 
       | One thing should be very clear, advertising cannot create value,
       | it can only extract some of the surplus value that other
       | companies are creating. This puts a pretty hard limit on how big
       | advertisers can grow.
       | 
       | The solution to this was of course to take the byproduct of
       | advertising, the generation of large amounts of demographic data,
       | and transform that into a product. Suddenly selling, sorting and
       | manipulating data create an entirely new class of products and
       | create demand for new professionals as well.
       | 
       | The advertising industry, specializing in creating the illusion
       | of value when their may be none, has done a brilliant job of
       | convincing everyone that data is inherently values. Allowing tech
       | companies to sell not only their data, that is often of
       | questionable actual value, but the infrastructure to use this
       | data, and sell training in the skills necessary to work with big
       | data.
       | 
       | The "data economy" is just advertising turned in on itself.
       | Anyone who works with data knows deep down that all of this is a
       | farce, but I think we still have a bit of time before all of this
       | hits the fan, so enjoy the ride.
        
         | dk775 wrote:
         | Damn sometime I think as an analyst in LE that the obsession
         | with data while crime skyrockets is stupid. I also vehemently
         | hate advertising. Never thought that the whole time I pivoted
         | from public policy > stats > data as a result of advertising's
         | influence. Makes me sick, time to crawl back towards stats and
         | get out of this world.
        
       | networkid wrote:
       | "Foreign countries use data about our personalities to polarize
       | us", Really? Maybe it's all your politicians does?
        
       | intricatedetail wrote:
       | Ban ad targeting first and suddenly it won't be economical to
       | store such data.
        
       | Aunche wrote:
       | Disclaimer: I work at a company that collects user data.
       | 
       | The author is fearmongering big tech because she envies all the
       | money they are making. Facebook does not sell user data, and I'm
       | pretty sure the author knows this but intentionally perpetuates
       | this misconception anyways. Facebook would collect about as much
       | user data regardless of whether they used it for targeted
       | advertising.
        
       | MisterBastahrd wrote:
       | Just have it so that any time a person or company's data is sold
       | or leased, the company doing the selling must mail (via physical
       | correspondence) the person or company with a notification of what
       | data was sent and why.
       | 
       | People will get tired of the junk mail and companies will lose
       | money trying to peddle data.
        
       | nostrademons wrote:
       | People should own the data about them, and should be free to rent
       | or trade usage of it to companies in exchange for money or
       | services. Actual ownership should continue to rest with the
       | person, however, who can revoke access the same way that a
       | landlord can evict tenants or a worker can quit.
       | 
       | The biggest barrier to this has been that lots of valuable data
       | (eg. Facebook's social graph, Android contact data) is data about
       | _relationships_ between people, not the people themselves, and so
       | would logically have multiple owners. But that 's not really a
       | big barrier with modern technology: the crypto world solved
       | multi-person ownership with multisig wallets several years ago.
        
         | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
         | Simply assigning a price to an activity doesn't solve the
         | ethical and moral issues that can arise from that activity.
         | 
         | Having a price for something doesn't exactly help victims of
         | human trafficking (whether the illegal organ trade,
         | prostitution or anything else). What can help those victims is
         | regulation and aggressive criminal prosecution of anyone who
         | seeks to gain from the suffering of others.
         | 
         | Unless people actually have a realistic and practical way of
         | "revoking access" to their data which results in serious
         | penalties for companies which continue to use said data
         | (including company-destroying or even criminal penalties for
         | senior managers/benefactors) then the negative-externalities of
         | data-collection won't ever really be curtailed.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | The difference that ownership would give is _consent_.
           | Western liberal democracies are based on the idea that you
           | can do what you want as long as all parties agree to it.
           | 
           | I willingly give my personal information over to a variety of
           | firms knowing what they do with it, because I value the
           | services I receive more. It's not your place to say whether
           | that's okay or not, because it doesn't affect you.
           | 
           | Human trafficking + consent = immigration. Organ trade +
           | consent = organ donation. Prostitution between consenting
           | adults arguably should be legal anyway, and already is in
           | many places in Europe.
           | 
           | And yes, there should be a practical way to revoke access to
           | data. There are ways to accomplish this technologically (eg.
           | capability-based security keeps the data within your
           | possession and you export the particular query that an
           | outside firm would use; federated learning lets them train
           | machine-learning models on the data without the data ever
           | leaving your possession). We just don't use them yet, for the
           | most part.
        
       | websites3434 wrote:
       | The people who are OK with this kind of thing -- "But nothing bad
       | has ever happened to anyone IRL" -- are obviously not part of a
       | minority ethnic/religious/sexual orientation/gender group. This
       | kind of technology is already used to do harm in China. Those of
       | us in those groups don't have the luxury of "waiting to see if
       | the nightmare becomes real" because of some of us would be in the
       | crosshairs, not potential bystanders.
        
         | slim wrote:
         | In Palestine too
         | 
         | https://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/am/fmr-israeli-soldier...
        
       | jeffrogers wrote:
       | "They generate profits by compiling a profile of you from your
       | data trail and then selling it to the highest bidder"
       | 
       | Connecting another dot on this point: The creation and widespread
       | use of such profiles -which are not merely comprised of data, but
       | are summary conclusions about people- may well make the U.S. into
       | a genuinely caste society. Without rules regarding things like
       | data aging, publicly accessible profile monitoring, and bad data
       | correction... and when to provide some sort rehabilitation
       | method, people will eventually become just a collection of their
       | mistakes and forced into one bucket or another.
       | 
       | We need something akin to the Fair Credit Reporting Act and a set
       | of laws that provide better guide-rails for when data can be
       | collected, by who, for what purpose, when it can be sold or used
       | for a purpose other than why it was first collected, etc.
        
       | infogulch wrote:
       | Somehow organizations get an immense amount of value out of
       | tracking everything you do, say, think, and buy; everywhere you
       | go; and everyone you meet. Two questions:
       | 
       | 1. Why should they profit off of my data without my consent?
       | (Hint: they shouldn't.)
       | 
       | 2. Why is it so hard for me to get value out of it? Shit, if it's
       | gonna be collected, aggregated, and analyzed anyway, I should
       | just do it my damn self and actually get something out of it.
       | It's like we need an open source community for personal data
       | collection, aggregation, and analysis.
        
         | ianai wrote:
         | Exactly, there's a dollar value to you that they're not paying
         | you. You'd need a "property right" over it. (You are your own
         | "property" already anyway.)
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Too late. You already clicked "I agree" on that EULA.
        
             | ianai wrote:
             | Since the civil war, you can't sign ownership of yourself
             | over to another. The ownership of data that intensive seems
             | the same thing.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | Ownership is the wrong word, since you will always own
               | your data. The problem is others claiming to own it too.
        
               | lukifer wrote:
               | This is a fundamental, and perhaps insoluble, problem
               | with the moral principle of liberty and self-ownership:
               | to what extent should you be permitted to voluntarily
               | limit, surrender, or exchange that ownership?
               | 
               | One can certainly make a case that even limited-scope
               | non-compete clauses in employment contracts are an
               | affront to human dignity; on the other extreme, there are
               | those who would claim that freedom necessarily includes
               | the "right" to sell one's self into indefinite servitude.
               | Where do we draw the line? I don't see an intrinsic
               | "bright line" or Schelling Focus on the question. What is
               | the "statute of limitations" on the Present Self being
               | constrained by the choices of the Past Self (at least, in
               | the context of contract enforcement)?
        
               | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
               | > Where do we draw the line?
               | 
               | I can't claim to have a complete answer to that question,
               | but it seems that every time that the line is drawn too
               | far towards the direction of slavery (i.e. away from
               | individual liberty) there is a substantial power-
               | imbalance.
               | 
               | That seems to suggest that any situation where there is a
               | large power (information, monetary, etc.) asymmetry
               | between two parties will lead to one side being heavily
               | disadvantaged, almost certainly due to the intentional
               | structure of that arrangement.
               | 
               | If true, that would suggest that any circumstance where
               | there could be a large power imbalance between parties
               | must be carefully moderated and that limiting "individual
               | freedom" by not allowing people to sign away their rights
               | in a way that mostly benefits someone else could be a
               | reasonable way of approaching this problem.
               | 
               | Hopefully that made sense!
        
           | infogulch wrote:
           | I think the root problem is the indirect nature of that
           | dollar value. It's not _concrete_ / _obvious_ enough for
           | normal people to understand it. Seems to be a sales  /
           | marketing problem as much as a technical one.
        
             | ianai wrote:
             | And I could imagine a similar line of reasoning being
             | applied for the value of the land native Americans "sold"
             | to the colonists - when they themselves didn't have a
             | conception of such ownership before or after that
             | encounter.
        
         | emodendroket wrote:
         | I think many people find lots of value in search, free email,
         | Android, and other services dependent on this model. The
         | argument that you're not getting anything out of it rings
         | false.
        
         | jeffreygoesto wrote:
         | I don't think so. It is not the data itself that has value. It
         | is a game of information asymmetry and that corporations can
         | make you desire things you wouldn't desire without that
         | interaction. They then convert a fraction of that desire into
         | money flowing from you to them that you otherwise would have
         | kept.
         | 
         | Maybe I am old school or too naive, but I don't see how I would
         | make a personal margin with my own data.
        
           | lanstin wrote:
           | If you had a clear list of "these sort of news items/OC from
           | friends makes me more susceptible to being convinced by
           | questionable ideas/donate money/stay up at night." then you
           | could perhaps take steps to preserve your ability to stay
           | more rational, more the way you want yourself to be and less
           | easy to manipulate by ads/partisans/etc.
        
             | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
             | That sounds like it would be very useful, but doesn't
             | really have a (monetary) "value" in the sense that most
             | people use when talking about sharing the profits of the
             | Data Economy.
             | 
             | It'd be much more interesting to see that sort of data
             | sharing/access occurring than simply saying that people are
             | entitled to some percentage of the profit that was
             | "generated using their data" (which would be highly
             | susceptible to creative accounting).
             | 
             | Preserving the privacy of individuals would still be
             | challenging though.
        
           | tangjurine wrote:
           | Let's say on average you need to see one hundred ads before
           | you see something you want to buy. Now if you had
           | personalized ads, maybe on average you need to see ten ads
           | before you want to buy something.
           | 
           | If you are already looking through a bunch of ads for the
           | sole purpose of trying to buy something, then your personal
           | data is valuable to you because it saves you time. But that's
           | definitely not the situation with most big tech products.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | Google search being free is an absolute enormous amount of
         | value. How much would you pay for a subscription to Google if
         | it weren't free?
        
           | jdgoesmarching wrote:
           | Maybe a decade ago. Now using Google is an exercise of
           | filtering out Amazon affiliate blogspam clogging the first
           | several pages of results.
           | 
           | "Advertising funded search engines will be inherently biased
           | towards the advertisers and away from the needs of consumers"
           | -Larry and Sergey in 1998
        
             | TchoBeer wrote:
             | I don't know, I still would prefer the way it is now to a
             | paid service
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | This has been fulfilled in full with YouTube and how
             | creators fear demonetization.
        
               | creato wrote:
               | I don't think that's the same thing. If you are a youtube
               | creator and you want your videos to be monetized, you
               | need advertisers to want to advertise on your content. As
               | amply demonstrated by many youtube creators, you are free
               | to go out and land your own sponsorship deals, and then
               | you don't need to worry about demonetization.
        
         | whatever1 wrote:
         | You are getting free searches, email, messaging, photo storage
         | etc
        
           | awillen wrote:
           | I don't get why this is so easily glossed over all the
           | time... yeah, absolutely you should be able to control your
           | data and know how it's being used. You should be able to opt
           | out of unnecessary data collection. But the idea that you're
           | not getting compensated for your data just isn't true - you
           | get some really amazing tools without paying a dime for them.
        
           | shkkmo wrote:
           | I get free searches from DuckDuckGo without paying with my
           | personal information. It is absolutely possible to provide
           | free services, supported by ads, while collecting little to
           | no personal information.
        
           | briffle wrote:
           | I would pay a fee to some sites to keep using their service,
           | without tracking/advertising. But they don't offer it as an
           | option.
        
             | yifanl wrote:
             | The fee you pay would almost certainly be less than the
             | value they can extract from your metadata (especially since
             | it can only grow more valuable as time passes)
        
             | unethical_ban wrote:
             | There are open source map applications, paid email services
             | (I use one), private-cloud office stacks like NextCloud.
             | 
             | You could, but you don't.
        
             | whatever1 wrote:
             | There are paid options for example for email, but still
             | people prefer the free options. Market has spoken. People
             | just don't care about being tracked, specially if they get
             | free goodies.
             | 
             | As an anecdote: I am the only one in my extended family who
             | does not use the car insurance tracker. Everyone is calling
             | me out on why I dont get the "free" discount.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | "People just don't care"
               | 
               | People are being massively lied to about what is veing
               | tracked and what is being done with that info.
               | 
               | Or maybe these services are a monopoly, where they could
               | start eating babies and not loose their audience anyway
               | 
               | The best is when a service is paid and it _still_ traks
               | you, like amazon
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | I'm with you
               | 
               | I pay for email services (and make some use of gmail for
               | junk/transactions).
               | 
               | I also would never use one of the insurance trackers.
               | They literally have zero clue of what they are doing and
               | interpret things backwards. E.g., they interpret higher
               | g-forces as bad driving. Yet, as someone who has been
               | through countless high-performance driving and race
               | schools, had racing lisenses, and won multiple racing
               | championships, I can tell you that what high-performance
               | driving, whether racing or getting out of emergencies, is
               | about wringing out of the vehicle, suspenseion and tires,
               | every last bit of grip to maximally accelerate, brake,
               | and/or turn. Of course, I'm usually very smooth and low-g
               | on public roads, but if I do something like maneuver
               | around an animal in the road, they'd see a high-G
               | maneuver and charge me for bad driving, when in fact, I
               | probably saved them from a claim.
               | 
               | It is a lovely concept, but the institutional idiocy
               | really bothers me.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | asiachick wrote:
         | You're getting their service. You want to use Facebook to talk
         | to your family and keep up with your friends. You pay them in
         | info, they pay you with the service you're using. Same with
         | every other site, vox, theverge, slashdot, etc...
         | 
         | Sure there are a few companies you pay that also collect your
         | data and I wish they didn't but even then they'd raise the
         | price (maybe willing to pay more) if they didn't subside the
         | service via your info
        
           | mym1990 wrote:
           | Not sure why the above got downvoted, it seems to echo the
           | other sentiments.
           | 
           | As a developer I have a hard time imagining building an
           | application that doesn't use data to provide a higher level
           | of experience in some way. Of course there is a very long
           | rabbit hole on how data collected to create a novel
           | experience then gets used in other ways to provide revenue.
           | 
           | We just live in a world where applications are able to hide
           | almost everything that is happening behind the scenes from
           | the user, and advertising drives the majority of free
           | applications, and this opens a gateway to major abuse...
        
         | teucris wrote:
         | The response to expect with #2 is that you get paid back in the
         | form of fast search results, map directions, live
         | communications, personalized news feeds, targeted
         | advertisements, etc.
         | 
         | Pay no attention to the fact that you're not getting versions
         | of these things that maximize your benefit either...
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | It wasn't that long ago that you'd buy a GPS unit for a few
           | hundred dollars and updating the maps would be another $100+.
        
             | infogulch wrote:
             | And then there's https://www.openstreetmap.org which is
             | arguably better than both.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | 1. They are getting your consent
         | 
         | 2. They are giving you value (via free services)
        
           | neolog wrote:
           | What do you think consent means?
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | "If you use Facebook we will collect and sell all your
             | data"
             | 
             | "Okay, cool"
        
               | fuckyouriotshit wrote:
               | "If you don't use Facebook we will still collect[1] and
               | sell all the data about you we can"
               | 
               | "But I never agreed to that."
               | 
               | "Too bad."
               | 
               | Under what circumstances would you describe that as
               | consensual?
               | 
               | And that's not even getting into the concept of
               | _informed_ consent; something that they clearly don't
               | have given the amount of user anger that gets directed at
               | Facebook every time when a new leak/breach/data
               | collection method is revealed.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5921092 In
               | addition to the fact that they collect information about
               | people who don't join Facebook (and agree to the ToS) by
               | virtue of the information that others (often unwittingly)
               | submit to Facebook, like group photos, mobile phone
               | address books, etc.
        
       | hvocode wrote:
       | I'm all for significantly limiting the "data economy", but I
       | suspect too many people have become too used to getting free
       | stuff. I see this all over the place - there are products and
       | services that are quite expensive to build and provide, but
       | they're free because people (often unwittingly) exchange data
       | about themselves in place of the actual cost. If you still want
       | those products/services without the data industry supporting it,
       | someone will have to pay for them. I think lots of people opposed
       | to the data economy will become less opposed when faced with
       | actually paying for stuff it supports.
       | 
       | I learned this the hard way trying to sell something that
       | competed with free tools from Facebook/Google/[other giant data
       | monetizing companies]. Our tool was/is competitive, but we aren't
       | in the business of data harvesting or advertising - so, the
       | engineering cost (many years of effort) would have to be paid
       | from actually selling the product. The response? People want the
       | free ones, and could really care less how the engineers that
       | built it were paid as long as THEY (the consumer of the tool) got
       | it for free.
       | 
       | As long as the "someone else will pay for X so I can have it for
       | free" attitude is acceptable and widespread, we're likely stuck
       | with a pervasive and deep data economy.
        
       | rhacker wrote:
       | We need to go back to the TV model. I mean we sold things back in
       | 1995 right?
       | 
       | You go to a website about babies, you get baby ads.
       | 
       | You go to a website about electrified fences, you get ads for
       | trucks, tractors, backhoe rentals (even in your area because of
       | your IP address - but that's it)
       | 
       | It's damn near equivalent to local / cable TV.
        
         | saddlerustle wrote:
         | The direct mail advertising industry was thriving in 1995. You
         | could buy datasets of people by income, car ownership, shopping
         | habits, etc even easier than you can now.
        
         | brokencode wrote:
         | Does anybody know if targeted ads based on tracking even work?
         | Are they worth all the extra cost and complexity compared to
         | traditional ads? It doesn't seem like it. Half the time I see a
         | super-targeted ad, it's for a product I already purchased.
         | 
         | Also, what ever happened to showing ads to people who aren't
         | already interested in your product to expand your brand and
         | maybe bring in new customers? The current ad model feels
         | overfitted to me.
        
           | questionableans wrote:
           | It helps with being able to measure whether you're
           | advertising to the right people. Traditional mass media
           | advertising made a lot of money off of showing ads to
           | completely irrelevant people. Targeted advertising makes even
           | more money off of showing ads to mostly irrelevant people.
        
           | SonicScrub wrote:
           | Yes, yes they do work. That's why it's a billion dollar
           | industry. It allows industries to micro-target specific ads
           | for communities and speak to them directly. It gives you more
           | ability to expand your brand to new customers, not less, as
           | it allows to you to specifically target niche groups who
           | previously had no interest in you. It's important to get a
           | sense of the extreme level of refinement that firms have
           | access to through data-driven marketing. Want to design a
           | marketing campaign for dog-owning, outdoorsy lesbians? Subaru
           | launched an ad campaign in the 90s using subtle coding in
           | their wide-net ads. Now companies can do that much more
           | effectively by directly targeting those communities.
           | 
           | As for the common complaint that you always see ads for
           | products you already purchased, that's actually a very good
           | time to make an impression. What are the odds that you are
           | thinking about buying a new dishwasher at any given moment?
           | Probably next to 0. You probably would completely ignore any
           | dishwasher ad you saw. Now imagine you just replaced your
           | dishwasher with a new one. You probably noticed that
           | dishwasher ad now. You might have even clicked on it to see
           | if you got a good deal on it. You probably care more right
           | now about dishwasher specs than you ever have in your life up
           | to this point. Maybe there's a better deal out there. This is
           | the perfect time to send you more dishwasher ads.
        
             | tomjen3 wrote:
             | The last point is wrong: once I have purchased the
             | dishwasher i care _less_ about a dishwasher at any previous
             | point, because I am not most likely to have a functional
             | dishwasher and even if yours is better I am not going to
             | buy one more.
             | 
             | If marketers would only get this they would make so much
             | more money, and I would get better ads for more relevant
             | products. Instead I get ads that target me because I am in
             | AGE_RANGE and live in country, or ads for scam products.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | >once I have purchased the dishwasher i care _less_ about
               | a dishwasher [than] at any previous point //
               | 
               | Ever recommended something to a friend/relative, or
               | bought a second one of something that works/fits/performs
               | well? Or even ever thought you should. I've definitely
               | bought a pair of trainers (sneakers) and then thought, oh
               | I should have bought another pair. If the shop had sent
               | me an email, "get a second pair postage free" a few weeks
               | later then they'd probably have made a sale.
               | 
               | I know people who have second homes definitely would re-
               | buy white-goods, for example.
        
               | ben509 wrote:
               | > because I am ... most likely to have a functional
               | dishwasher and even if yours is better I am not going to
               | buy one more.
               | 
               | Break the population into groups:
               | 
               | 1. Have a working dishwasher / don't need one
               | 
               | 2. Old dishwasher is failing, looking for a new one
               | 
               | 3. Just bought a new dishwasher, it works great
               | 
               | 4. Just bought a new dishwasher, going to return it
               | 
               | I suspect group 4 is who they're targeting.
        
             | brokencode wrote:
             | Maybe for the consumer showing them more dishwasher
             | information is helpful, but how could it be better for the
             | company paying for the ad? The chances of somebody going
             | through all the work of buying and installing another new
             | dishwasher seems nonexistent at that point.
        
           | mumblemumble wrote:
           | I don't know that straightforward data on this will ever be
           | forthcoming. And we can produce theoretical arguments every
           | which way, not entirely unlike how classical philosophers
           | were able to prove, through reason alone, that objects in
           | nature tended to only travel in perfect circles and straight
           | lines, and never shapes like ellipses and parabolae, and
           | probably produce about the same volume of useful
           | epistemological output in the process.
           | 
           | I'd think that the more interesting thing would be to try and
           | find some proxies we can use as an ersatz empirical test. For
           | example, what about ad prices? If personalization based on
           | tracking really does work better than other forms of ad
           | targeting, then one would expect that that difference would
           | yield a noteworthy difference in ad prices.
           | 
           | In short: If it really works so well, then you'd expect
           | personally targeted ads to cost significantly more per
           | impression than ads that use content-based targeting. And I'd
           | assume that that information is reasonably public.
        
           | kapp_in_life wrote:
           | Absolutely. A vegetarian/vegan restaurant being able to
           | advertise exclusively to those people is one great example.
           | In that example you're a new customer, but you've shown
           | interest in similar products so you're much more likely of a
           | customer(and better spend of advertising) than advertising to
           | somebody on a carnivore diet.
        
         | peacelilly wrote:
         | Nowadays cable TV targets ads too. If your diabetic grandma
         | connects to your cable provided wifi router, you will get ads
         | for glucose monitors and insulin pumps. Targeted advertising
         | should be illegal.
        
       | ivan888 wrote:
       | We need something like the Nutrition Facts label for digital
       | consent: government mandated, consistent format, easy to scan.
       | Even better if it was an interactive form to allow you to
       | selectively consent to specific options
        
       | pascalxus wrote:
       | And yet, with all this information about me, they still struggle
       | to come up with even the slightest big of relevant advertising.
       | 99.9% of the products I see advertised to me are either
       | completely irrelevant to me or products I down right hate: and I
       | never buy them. If they do have all the information the article
       | claims, it just doesn't seem like they're able to use it in an
       | effective manner. So what's the harm?
       | 
       | the key here, is, just don't buy products you don't want or don't
       | need. as long as you do that, you'll be fine. I have yet to meet
       | a single Ad that forced me to buy a product I didn't really want
       | or need. And, just don't let the ads manipulate you.
        
       | holoduke wrote:
       | Wasnt here on hn someone who created a bot able to randomly like
       | messages on FB, search for nonsense on Google, post random tweets
       | on twitter etc, spoofs GPS etc. Would love to use something like
       | that
        
       | version_five wrote:
       | What these kinds of articles (that basically just say how much of
       | our data is being collected, and assert that it's bad) miss is
       | the whole "attention economy" side of the equation, which I
       | believe is more detrimental.
       | 
       | Data is concretely used to maximize engagement, outrage,
       | polarization, etc. in order to get more attention, which is at a
       | root of a lot of the public discourse challenges we have these
       | days. It would be much more benign if tracking was really just
       | about trying to see what I am most likely to buy and target that
       | to me.
        
         | n0on3 wrote:
         | This is the point I feel most as well. I think this trend of
         | burning attention is both destructive in ways and depth we
         | don't completely understand yet - possibly making unrecoverable
         | damage to our society on ridiculously large scale - and a blunt
         | exploitation of the bias to consider attention as an infinite
         | resource / not a real cost.
         | 
         | Personally I dislike also the "tracking to show me what I'm
         | most likely to buy" but this itself (assuming such thing could
         | exist in a vacuum, which seems unrealistic to me) has an
         | inherently limited impact.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | Still a bad thing. Most likely to buy neither means you need it
         | nor you really can afford it. It's still just exploitation for
         | profit.
        
       | scyzoryk_xyz wrote:
       | We can't really stop the Data Economy. If we're bleeding data all
       | over the place then we can only maintain good habits of data
       | hygiene. But then we know that will never be perfect. Some
       | fingerprints will always remain, some breadcrumbs will always be
       | hoovered up by the bots.
       | 
       | I use adblockers and vpns and other such things but then I have
       | accounts with facebooks and whatsapps. Could I camouflage my
       | 'scent' with perfume? What's more - could I feed misleading data
       | in? I really wouldn't mind being a VIP in the eyes of these
       | shitty algorithms.
        
       | agumonkey wrote:
       | Isn't the data economy a sign of the end of the economical ladder
       | ? we have nothing new to sell ..
        
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