[HN Gopher] When six boys were shipwrecked for 15 months (2020)
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       When six boys were shipwrecked for 15 months (2020)
        
       Author : smollett
       Score  : 439 points
       Date   : 2021-06-02 23:00 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | block_dagger wrote:
       | These children set out together with the intent to escape, an
       | entirely different scenario than the novel. I imagine a racially
       | diverse set of kids in the novel and my take is genocide would
       | happen fairly frequently. Lord of the Flies is a wonderfully
       | insightful book on human nature.
        
       | caligulatte wrote:
       | Is it a coincidence this is posted now? The Peter Warner written
       | about in the article drowned just recently, on April 13th.
        
         | wombatmobile wrote:
         | Experienced seafarer Peter Warner dies after boat capsized in
         | northern NSW Laura Chung By Laura Chung April 13, 2021 --
         | 10.23pm
         | 
         | https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/experienced-seafarer-pet...
        
         | rufus_foreman wrote:
         | I went down the rabbit hole reading about the incident when
         | that happened, pretty interesting.
         | 
         | He didn't just rescue the shipwrecked kids and move on, he was
         | treated as a hero in Tonga, the king of Tonga asked him what we
         | wanted as a reward and he asked for fishing rights in an area
         | he had been denied before and it was granted, he lived in Tonga
         | for 30 years after that.
         | 
         | He was involved in a second shipwreck rescue of a yacht named
         | the Sospan Fach. The member of his crew that spotted the second
         | shipwreck was Sione Filipe Totau. Sione was one of the boys
         | rescued from the first shipwreck.
        
       | Zamicol wrote:
       | My high school's district required students to read The of Lord
       | of the Flies.
       | 
       | My freshmen English teacher hated the book so much he broke
       | district requirements and told my class he was giving everyone
       | A's on that assignment. He asked the class to read any substitute
       | book in its place. To this day I still consider him to be a wise
       | teacher.
        
         | askvictor wrote:
         | I'm curious how many of that class read it purely as a result
         | of his request. Though I suspect they might have read it in a
         | different light.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chriskanan wrote:
         | I used to be a voracious consumer of fiction, but somehow
         | critical reading of Lord of the Flies knocked that out of me in
         | sophomore high school English. I think it was all the deeper
         | meaning analysis I was forced to do moreso than the book. It
         | just seemed like we were going far beyond the author's
         | intention in a joyless analysis exercise.
        
           | bllguo wrote:
           | well this is the key thing really. why are we so hung up on
           | authorial intent? For example, Bradbury claimed that
           | fahrenheit 451 is not about censorship - should we let that
           | influence how we interpret and utilize his work? I think it
           | is valuable to use fahrenheit 451 as a precautionary tale
           | about censorship, regardless of what Bradbury originally
           | intended.
        
           | souprock wrote:
           | We now have proof that it really is "going far beyond the
           | author's intention". Texas licensed a poem for a standardized
           | test. The poem's author was still alive, and was unable to
           | "correctly" answer test questions about the meaning of the
           | poem.
           | 
           | So yes, the English teachers really are spouting nonsense,
           | and we have proof.
        
             | goatlover wrote:
             | Depends on whether you subscribe to the "death of the
             | author" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MGn9x4-Y_7A) or
             | not. Does the author's intent in writing something trump
             | everyone else's interpretation? What if we don't have the
             | original author around to ask? A good example of this is
             | all the interpretations of various passages in the Bible
             | different groups have had throughout history.
             | 
             | Instead of privileging the author's intent, one can treat
             | literature, or even religious text as akin to art. The
             | reader participates in the meaning of the piece. Or you can
             | think about how people argue over and critique movies and
             | television shows.
        
               | souprock wrote:
               | You can find your own meaning, but you should be honest
               | about the fact that it is your own meaning.
               | 
               | English teachers are demanding "correct" interpretation
               | that has nothing to do with what the author intended.
               | It's bullshit, and they need to admit that. It's also
               | squeezing very important topics out of the schedule, such
               | as the teaching of proper grammar and other things needed
               | for non-literary writing in a professional career.
        
             | antran22 wrote:
             | There also is a similar story of such in my country. There
             | was this guy who wrote a short and it was included in the
             | national textbook. The guy's son (or grandson, I can't
             | recount exactly) was assigned to analyse that short and the
             | author, out of curiosity, made the kid submitted his
             | analysis instead. The teacher even went as far as
             | commenting "You don't understand the author's intention at
             | all". Which really make us think how absurd literary
             | education can really go.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | This is the fate of much good literature - forcing
           | recalcitrant high schoolers to dissect something that doesn't
           | talk to them which can result in a life-long hatred.
        
             | yboris wrote:
             | I was turned off from fiction in high school because I
             | thought "we are being told to read the best of what the
             | world had to offer, and most of this is shit".
             | 
             | Turns out there are great fiction books out there - took me
             | a while to unlearn the bias.
        
             | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
             | I wonder if it would make it better if teachers would
             | explain to you that this bit is not very useful in and of
             | itself, but we do it to practice writing and because other
             | people think we should. It might dissuade some people from
             | pursuing English literature degrees in college, but that's
             | probably not a bad thing. Would the honesty help at all?
             | 
             | I didn't hate literature class in highschool but I think I
             | might have liked it better if I wasn't so confused about
             | why the various arguments and analysis seemed so tenuous to
             | me. Fundamentally, the analysis of literature is the least
             | productive skill we teach kids in high school, although
             | writing is still very important.
        
           | Syonyk wrote:
           | > _I think it was all the deeper meaning analysis I was
           | forced to do moreso than the book. It just seemed like we
           | were going far beyond the author 's intention in a joyless
           | analysis exercise._
           | 
           | That was literally my entire high school honors English
           | program. You must interpret everything, to the satisfaction
           | of the English teacher, _or else._
           | 
           | It quite reliably took people who absolutely loved reading
           | and made them _hate_ books. I 'm not quite sure the point of
           | it, really. It took me a decade after high school to read a
           | fiction book again, and this is far from uncommon among those
           | who suffered through it alongside me.
           | 
           | I don't remember a thing about Red Badge of Courage except I
           | had to extract meaning from why the grass in this particular
           | scene was green - to symbolize new life, hope, rebirth, etc.
        
             | garmaine wrote:
             | > It quite reliably took people who absolutely loved
             | reading and made them hate books. I'm not quite sure the
             | point of it, really. It took me a decade after high school
             | to read a fiction book again, and this is far from uncommon
             | among those who suffered through it alongside me.
             | 
             | I pretty much only read science fiction now, and the
             | occasional crime thriller, although I used to be a
             | voracious reader. I din't realize why until I read your
             | post: high school English made me hate fiction. It's like I
             | was playing a game of guess-the-password, and was being
             | graded on how close my arbitrary answer matched the
             | teacher's expectation. I hated it, and it destroyed any
             | interest in reading "high" literature to this day :(
             | 
             | I think I can appreciate sci-fi books in particular because
             | my brain knows there's no way they'd ever be taught in an
             | English classroom, so it doesn't evoke memories of those
             | horrible literature classes.
        
             | hypnoscripto wrote:
             | I kind of enjoyed the absurdity of it, but I openly
             | acknowledged it was a game. Fortunately discussions at my
             | highschool after freshman year were less about the teacher
             | imposing their will, and new ideas were the most rewarded.
             | It was fun racing to support tenuous conclusions before
             | anyone else could.
             | 
             | Spanish Literature was an especially exciting class. I
             | still think one of the greatest accomplishments of my life
             | was writing a two page Spanish paper on a 12 line poem and
             | only receiving marks off for grammatical mistakes. My
             | teacher even wrote "haha" in the margins next to one of my
             | more ridiculous explanations, but didn't say it was
             | necessarily wrong. I used the improvisational analysis
             | techniques I learned in those classes to entertain art
             | student friends in college sometimes. Especially popular
             | with free drinks in an art gallery.
        
             | lumost wrote:
             | I recently learned that 19th century literature was often
             | released one chapter at a time. This lead to substantial
             | "filler" chapters which were required for the author to
             | keep the story going.
             | 
             | I sometimes wonder if at least some portion of literary
             | analysis is equivalent to teaching contemporary fan
             | theories while waiting for the next episode/sequel/release.
        
               | jeffwass wrote:
               | Stephen King released The Green Mile in serial form like
               | this.
               | 
               | He said it was a major challenge because once the chapter
               | is out there it's committed, so you can't go back and fix
               | major plot holes that you didn't foresee at the time.
        
               | edejong wrote:
               | A bit like modern television series, isn't it?
        
               | db48x wrote:
               | Yes, a lot of modern television shows have been serial
               | works rather than episodic ones. Babylon 5 comes to mind
               | as one of the earliest serialized television shows, if
               | not the earliest.
               | 
               | Well, I suppose soap operas existed before that, but as
               | far as I can tell they rarely had proper narrative
               | endings; they were designed to last as many years as
               | possible.
        
               | eric-hu wrote:
               | I was wondering why you wrote Babylon 5 when I can think
               | of earlier long running shows, I.e. the original Star
               | Trek, but I guess those are more like soap operas? Hm.
        
               | db48x wrote:
               | It's not about how long a show was on the air, it has
               | more to do with how interconnected the episodes are and
               | whether the work has a story arc that was planned in
               | advance. In a purely episodic work, you can experience
               | the episodes in any order and have the same enjoyment. In
               | a purely serial work, the order of the episodes (or
               | should we call them installments?) matters a lot.
               | 
               | Star Trek was episodic. No matter what happens in one
               | episode, most things remained status quo for the next.
               | There were some slow changes to the cast, but for the
               | most part you could watch the episodes in any order.
               | 
               | TNG was book-ended by their dealings with Q, but that
               | story had no closure and only took up about four or five
               | episodes out of 7 years. There were some other stories
               | like that as well, stories that were longer than an
               | episode but much shorter than the show as a whole.
               | 
               | On the other hand, Deep Space Nine was closer to a single
               | story with a beginning, middle, and end. There were still
               | plenty of episodes that would still make sense if you
               | moved them to a different season, but it was much less
               | episodic than the previous shows.
               | 
               | Voyager was billed as a serial work, but was so badly
               | written that most episodes could be moved around at will
               | with no harm to the storyline.
               | 
               | Babylon 5, in contrast, gave every episode some link to
               | the overarching plot, even if it was just hints.
               | (Especially in the first season, when the main
               | antagonists were still hidden and all we had were hints.)
               | 
               | It's easy for episodic shows to be written at the same
               | pace that they are filmed. With serial shows, you have to
               | know in advance where the story is going to go even if
               | you still write most of the dialog at the pace of
               | filming. I didn't watch much of Lost, but I got the
               | impression that while it was a serial, the writers had no
               | real plan from the start and that everything was made up
               | as they went along. The result is that the story is
               | incoherent. I've never watched any soap operas either,
               | but I gather that they try to arrange for frequent
               | cliffhangers and dramatic changes (making the story more
               | serial), but that there is never a planned end to the
               | story; they're perpetually in the middle. The result is a
               | work with constant churn and no resolution.
        
               | eric-hu wrote:
               | That makes sense. Thank you for the explanation.
               | 
               | Lost definitely felt episodic and incoherent at times. I
               | think they did plan out some arcs loosely that worked
               | over the course of a few seasons. Some character
               | progression and morality flip was clearly unplanned, and
               | those arcs felt like a soap opera.
               | 
               | I've seen the other shows you've mentioned, but not
               | Babylon 5. I had read of comparisons between it and DS9
               | before, and now that comparison makes more sense.
        
             | paleotrope wrote:
             | The Great Gatsby and that light. Grrr.
             | 
             | I actually read it again 30 years later and it's a pretty
             | good book. Terrible people in it though.
        
             | mythrwy wrote:
             | I remember being stunned in high school that people would
             | get degrees and an entire semester would be devoted to
             | finding hidden symbolic meanings that authors in many cases
             | obviously didn't intend.
             | 
             | This was back when you could read Huck Finn. The teacher
             | droned on and for over a week about how it was a symbolic
             | journey of a boys growth towards manhood, how Huck was on
             | the metaphorical river journey of overcoming racism. I said
             | no, I didn't think that was what the story was about. It
             | was just a story, in a certain time, in a certain place,
             | meant to entertain, not to enlighten. She got really mad.
             | 
             | So I opened up the intro to Huck Finn where Twain writes
             | the following:
             | 
             | * "Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative
             | will be prosecuted; persons attempting to find a moral in
             | it will be banished; persons attempting to find a plot in
             | it will be shot. BY ORDER OF THE AUTHOR per G.G., CHIEF OF
             | ORDNANCE"` *
             | 
             | I read it out loud in the class and said I didn't believe
             | he was joking. He had foreseen the possibility of people
             | like her arising and attempted to preempt it! I'll never
             | forget her standing there with her mouth open and no
             | answer.
             | 
             | There is deeply symbolic literature, no argument. But all
             | of it clearly is not. And interpretation of symbolism in
             | many cases is summoned directly from thin air. Turns out
             | it's an entire profession!
        
               | FranzFerdiNaN wrote:
               | This reads like something you would find on the
               | ThatHappened subreddit. I bet your classmates also
               | clapped after you so brutally took down that dumbass
               | teacher with facts and logic, right?
               | 
               | You had to take that class to learn not to take
               | everything you read at face value. As sometimes happen
               | people decide to go the other way around and declare that
               | texts never have any deeper meaning and that it is all
               | just nonsense and gosh darn how can those liberal arts
               | even exist??????
               | 
               | It's a shame because it prevents you from enjoying
               | literature at a deeper level, instead of saying that Anna
               | Karenina is the exact same as some silly airport novel.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > * "Persons attempting to find a motive in this
               | narrative will be prosecuted; persons attempting to find
               | a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to
               | find a plot in it will be shot. BY ORDER OF THE AUTHOR
               | per G.G., CHIEF OF ORDNANCE"` *
               | 
               | Have you considered that Mark Twain, a master of satire,
               | may have intended that passage to be just that?
               | 
               | I think the 'will be shot' gives it away.
               | 
               | I don't know much about metaphoric journeys on rivers
               | from boyhood to manhood, but there was more of a point to
               | that story than you seem to think.
        
               | xorcist wrote:
               | While satire clearly can go above a young boy's head, it
               | is important to keep an open mind about literature.
               | Symbolism doesn't necessarily need to have a purpose.
               | 
               | We can also learn a lot about the environment in which a
               | writer operated, just by learning from which symbols was
               | used to convey a message. This is one of the central
               | points, but also perhaps the most misunderstood, of
               | modern (and post modern) literary criticism.
               | 
               | Your teacher may not have been the best, but that does
               | not mean all literary criticism is bad.
        
               | mythrwy wrote:
               | Symbolism doesn't also necessarily need to exist.
               | 
               | Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar.
               | 
               | My complaint was (and still is 30 years later) is that an
               | entire cottage industry seems to have arisen around
               | finding hidden meanings.
               | 
               | Would we do that to television today? Does the cartoon
               | "King of the Hill" contain hidden significance and deep
               | moral lessons? Maybe. Or maybe it's just wit mostly
               | designed to entertain.
        
               | stephenhuey wrote:
               | While some may analyze beautiful literature into oblivion
               | and I feel your pain, I can't agree with you on Huck
               | Finn. My interpretation of the intro you quoted is very
               | different from yours.
               | 
               | Mark Twain went out of his way to highlight barbaric
               | racism on rubber plantations in the Congo by writing a
               | satirical pamphlet to try to get the word out:
               | 
               | https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/62739
               | 
               | Even though he masterfully wove his beliefs into the
               | underlying fabric of Huck Finn, I am sure he wished to
               | subtly communicate important truths while spinning a
               | really delightful tale.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | mythrwy wrote:
               | My take is he was sort of the Mike Judge of his time.
               | Less a moralist, more a cynical and very amusing observer
               | of human frailty.
        
             | elliekelly wrote:
             | I was also one of those students who loved to read going
             | into high school only to have it beaten out of me by
             | English teachers over-analyzing everything. But... as an
             | adult I can definitely see and appreciate the value of it.
             | 
             | I can't tell you how many times I've seen comments on
             | r/TheHandmaidsTale along the lines of "why do people keep
             | bringing up abortion laws here it has nothing to do with
             | this show!" or have discussed Avenue 5 or South Park or
             | some other satire with someone only to realize they've
             | _completely_ missed the underlying message the writer(s)
             | had made _exceedingly_ obvious.
             | 
             | I remember my teacher used to talk about the "what level"
             | and the "so what level" and he definitely went overboard in
             | exploring the so what level but I'm also grateful I'm not
             | blind to it. I think there are a surprising number of
             | people who are unaware of any meaning beyond the literal
             | words they read or hear.
        
               | garmaine wrote:
               | On the other hand, the meaning of art is determined by
               | what you bring to it. If you find a self-consistent
               | interpretation that is not or perhaps even contrary to
               | what the author had in mind or the classical analysis,
               | that interpretation is _just as_ right.
        
               | kayodelycaon wrote:
               | I happen to agree with you but this is hotly debated:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Death_of_the_Author :)
        
             | DavidSJ wrote:
             | High school English class was like this for me too. It was
             | usually obvious what my teacher wanted students to say but
             | it just seemed all so contrived and I couldn't bring myself
             | to participate in the silliness. On my report card she once
             | wrote, "stubbornly sticks to his opinions even when wrong".
             | 
             | One day, for fun, I tried out saying what I thought she
             | wanted to hear. I got a lot of praise from her that day.
        
               | garmaine wrote:
               | Blow up that report card and frame it on your wall.
               | That's high praise.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Depends on the opinion. Being stubborn about insisting
               | that water isn't wet makes you a fool, not an
               | unappreciated genius.
        
               | garmaine wrote:
               | Context.
        
             | p1necone wrote:
             | Luckily I just never made an effort - I got by reading
             | cliff notes and writing C/B grade essays. Enjoyment of
             | reading intact.
        
           | mathattack wrote:
           | I already had the skepticism in high school to think "How do
           | you know what they wanted?"
           | 
           | English got worse for me in undergrad so I never reached the
           | real experts.
        
           | raviisoccupied wrote:
           | I did a degree in English Literature. It didn't make me hate
           | reading, it just really, really complicated my relationship
           | with the activity.
        
           | geocrasher wrote:
           | Me: High School Sophomore in the early 90's
           | 
           | Class: English
           | 
           | Book: The Lilies of the Field
           | 
           | Assignment: Write about what the main character (Homer) does
           | after leaving the nuns he'd helped.
           | 
           | What I did: Wrote a hysterical (to me, at the time) story
           | about how he went to South America in search of a mystical
           | coffee with some made up Latin name which, when translated,
           | meant "Grave-digging coffee that really stinks". I'm still
           | proud of that line. His team of scientists (who all looked
           | like "Billy" from The Far Side) were all killed in various
           | ways while traversing the Amazon, all of them funny (to me,
           | at the time). I was very, very happy with myself. Creative
           | writing was _fun_.
           | 
           | Teacher: Rewrite it, be serious.
           | 
           | Me: Wrote some drivel that I hated, turned it in, got a lousy
           | grade.
           | 
           | That stifled me for a long time, because it's been hard ever
           | since to just let loose on a story. I criticize it every step
           | of the way now. I find short form poetry (often as music
           | lyrics) to be far simpler and just as expressive if not more
           | so.
        
         | moksly wrote:
         | Why? We read it when I was in the Danish ground school (ages
         | 6-16, as in not from 6-16 but 9-10 years during those years)
         | and we never got the idea it was anything other than fiction.
         | 
         | I'm a tad surprised that humans defaulting to corporation is
         | supposed to be news. It's always been taught to us as rather
         | common knowledge because it's basically the only way a
         | functional and stable society can evolve. But maybe it explains
         | why so much American post-apocalyptic fiction is so silly.
        
         | robotmay wrote:
         | What a dude. I too was forced to study that book in school and
         | if my teacher would have let me do anything else they would
         | have had my lifetime loyalty.
         | 
         | I hate that book.
        
       | munificent wrote:
       | What people so often forget is that the stories we tell ourselves
       | _create_ our nature just as much as they _describe_ it.
       | 
       | When we decide how to act, many of our decisions comes from our
       | culture, which is the stories we tell ourselves about who we are.
       | We don't tell stories just to learn, but to become.
       | 
       | One wonders how those six Tongans would have acted had they had
       | the misfortune of reading Lord of the Flies before they went
       | sailing.
        
       | stakkur wrote:
       | This story is examined nicely in Rutger Bregman's book
       | _Humankind: A Hopeful History_.
       | 
       | TL:DR; It turns out that in the real world, nothing like the Lord
       | of the Flies happened; in fact the _opposite_ happened.
       | 
       | Highly recommend Bregman's book, by the way, which shoots down
       | many of the faulty foundations of what we take for granted as
       | fact today about human nature. I believe this article is an
       | excerpt from the book.
        
         | FriedrichN wrote:
         | >Highly recommend Bregman's book
         | 
         | I second this. It challenged a lot of my beliefs and busted a
         | lot of myths (Stanley Milgram, the Stanford prison experiment,
         | etc.). I didn't agree with everything but I rarely ever do,
         | nonetheless it was a great read. A very readable book as well,
         | shouldn't take you longer than a week to read.
        
         | elliekelly wrote:
         | Does the book cover the experience more from the boys'
         | perspective? I was a little disappointed the article was so
         | light on the details of how they managed.
        
           | Kelamir wrote:
           | The book does show the story from the survivor's perspective.
           | Here's a little snippet:
           | 
           | "The kids agreed to work in teams of two, drawing up a strict
           | roster for garden, kitchen and guard duty. Sometimes they
           | quarrelled, but whenever that happened they solved it by
           | imposing a time-out. The squabblers would go to opposite ends
           | of the island to cool their tempers, and, 'After four hours
           | or so,' Mano later remembered, 'we'd bring them back
           | together. Then we'd say "Okay, now apologise." That's how we
           | stayed friends.'19 Their days began and ended with song and
           | prayer. Kolo fashioned a makeshift guitar from a piece of
           | driftwood, half a coconut shell and six steel wires salvaged
           | from their wrecked boat - an instrument Peter has kept all
           | these years - and played it to help lift their spirits."
        
       | dyates wrote:
       | To quote a since-deleted twitter thread written in response to
       | this article at the time:
       | 
       | > Golding is not trying to play this Rosseau-v-Hobbes game of
       | bringing humanity back to the state of nature and see what they
       | look like. His children are not living in a natural state: they
       | are self conscious heirs to an entire civilization, and they
       | realize quite early on that they live on the razor's edge of life
       | and death. So they create rules and orders to keep their society
       | running. A little democracy that honors natural goodness and
       | leadership.
       | 
       | > A little democracy that does not last.
       | 
       | > And that is what people don't seem to get about this book. It
       | isn't a parable about what happens when you taken men out of
       | society--it is a parable about how men act _in society._
       | 
       | The whole thread is worth reading, though it's not well
       | preserved:
       | 
       | https://twunroll.com/article/1260958965082488832
        
       | abraae wrote:
       | That's a wonderful story and and an uplifting rebuttal to Lord of
       | the Flies.
       | 
       | But to be fair, six Tongan boys were probably far hardier and
       | well equipped than the typical British schoolboy of that time
       | would have been. It seems they thought nothing of stealing a
       | fishing boat and heading to sea, and they most likely had
       | abundant life skills already - they basically relocated from life
       | on one pacific island to another.
       | 
       | So a great story but I don't know how much can be extrapolated
       | from it about human behaviour in general.
        
         | dataviz1000 wrote:
         | Maybe the issue to consider isn't human behavior but rather
         | leadership structure of the group of boys. With the boys in
         | real life on the island who lead and how? There were moments of
         | disagreement and they also had a system of administering
         | justice and resolution. Did they follow the one boy who knew
         | most about survival? That is a very different system of
         | government than a voting democracy. The key is that when one
         | broke his leg the rest provided for him. This goes all the way
         | back to Plato observing city states in Ancient Greece attempts
         | at creating institutions for mutual survival and defense.
         | 
         | Thirty years ago I saw recording of a heated interview with
         | William Golding about the character in the book the boys should
         | have chosen to lead. I can't remember if it was Ralph vs Piggy
         | however I think Golding argued that it was Simon, the Christ
         | like mystic, who would have provided salvation for all the boys
         | if he was followed. Simon represented altruism in the book
         | picking hard to reach berries for the smaller boys who couldn't
         | reach. So in real life when a group of boys who are stranded on
         | island who have religious values, altruism like in the case of
         | caring for the one boy with a broken leg it is like they would
         | have chosen Simon as Golding suggested in his interview to
         | lead.
         | 
         | It might not be a rebuttal to the Lord of the Flies. It is a
         | confirmation of what Golding said about the boys and their
         | values.
        
         | axaxs wrote:
         | This was my thought, as well. At the risk of sounding...I don't
         | know some 'ist' word, people are just raised differently and
         | the world varies so much.
         | 
         | Picture you're on a beach, and behind you is a shirtless man
         | with a machete. How you feel is completely dependent on where
         | you are in the world. In LA, you'd run for cover. In south east
         | Asia, it's Tuesday.
         | 
         | I learned a lot from my travels, to back the adage about
         | traveling and learning. I remember being in a small fishing
         | village and someone caught a large fish. I don't even remember
         | what it was now, but the fisherman was so excited to catch this
         | big valuable fish he shared it with everyone, even me the
         | foreigner he'd never see again. Made me think about how selfish
         | we as Americans can be. We already have a good life, and still
         | look for ways to get ahead of everyone else. Yet a person with
         | nothing is happy to share what little they'd found.
         | 
         | Story aside, I agree that the experience would vary wildly by
         | country, or at least upbringing.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | Yup, much as the world is becoming more and more culturally
           | homogenous thanks to freely sharing information, there's
           | still significant differences that shouldn't be
           | underestimated.
           | 
           | I mean even though we consume the same media, I still
           | strongly dislike many aspects of American culture.
        
           | abraae wrote:
           | Funny you mention the machete. Last time I was in Suva in
           | Fiji, some of the locals come into town for their evening
           | drinks, directly I guess from cutting sugar cane in the
           | fields, all with machetes hanging from their belts. It's a
           | head turner all right if you're more used to people being
           | kicked out of pubs just for wearing their jandals.
        
         | northwest65 wrote:
         | Lord of the Flies was somewhat a rebuttal to The Coral Island.
         | More enjoyable to read though.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mattmanser wrote:
         | I don't think that's true. So my Dad grew up in the 50s in
         | Southend, UK, and I wouldn't have been surprised at all to hear
         | a story about him stealing a boat with his brothers for a joy
         | ride.
         | 
         | And the oldest was 16, almost an adult and easily far past the
         | age children are often taught to sail in the UK even today.
         | 
         | A year younger than when their rescuer originally ran away to
         | sea at 17.
         | 
         | And they were clearly still a bunch of idealistic, uninformed,
         | woefully unprepared children, not even taking a map or a
         | compass. And bringing only fruit as victuals.
        
         | goto11 wrote:
         | There is a lot of complaining in this thread about English
         | teachers over-interpreting literature. But I think it is pretty
         | clear that the question Lord of the Flies tries to answer is
         | not "what would happen to a bunch of boys stranded on an
         | island?" but more like "how could the holocaust happen?".
         | 
         | The fact of the matter is that Nazism, WWII and the holocaust
         | did happen and many people in 1954 was looking for some kind of
         | explanation and understanding of how Europe could descend into
         | barbarianism. Whether the book is insightful in its association
         | between totalitarianism and tribalism and primitive religion is
         | a different question.
         | 
         | The story is a "rebuttal" in the same way that it would be a
         | rebuttal to Animal Farm to prove that pigs are not actually
         | able to learn to walk on two legs.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | The most disturbing for me is that people interpret work of
           | fiction as if it really happened rather then one persons
           | speculative take. Lord of flies is made up. It is not
           | sociological study.
           | 
           | Yet, the other thing is that boarding schools are notorious
           | for bullying problem. And English boarding schools have ...
           | particular history where older boys were allowed to beat
           | younger boys. If we insist on making it real, that someone in
           | charge of such school writes a book like this says less about
           | general humanity. It says more about about how that
           | institution was run and how he thinks they shaped the boys in
           | their care.
        
         | andrei_says_ wrote:
         | > So a great story but I don't know how much can be
         | extrapolated from it about human behaviour in general.
         | 
         | Given that this really happened, a lot.
         | 
         | Lord of the Flies came out of the fantasy of an English
         | superintendent. Yet, it has permeated our culture as a
         | cautionary tale about human behavior. It is 100% fiction.
         | 
         | I'd like to recommend Humankind by Rutger Bregman - a wonderful
         | book dismantling the toxic narratives we have about ourselves.
        
           | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
           | > " _Lord of the Flies came out of the fantasy of an English
           | superintendent._ "
           | 
           | One would think that a schoolmaster would have excellent
           | insight into the behavior of children and young adults.
           | 
           | In any case, a quick look at the commonness of bullying (e.g.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_suicides_that_have_bee.
           | ..) should quickly persuade anyone that Lord of the Flies,
           | despite being fiction, is not all that unrealistic.
        
           | nesarkvechnep wrote:
           | I second that book, it's great.
        
           | strken wrote:
           | I haven't read Humankind yet, but a recent review I _have_
           | read[0] gives a mix of positives and negatives to it. A lot
           | of the cited studies are controversial in their own right:
           | S.L.A. Marshall 's claim that only 15% of soldiers in WW2
           | fired their weapons is based on subjective evidence, omits
           | mention of whether they had any opportunity to fire, and has
           | many other flaws that have since been picked apart, for
           | example.
           | 
           | This is not to say that our negativity is justified! Only
           | that Bregman seems to have as persistent a bias to positivity
           | as other writers have to negativity.
           | 
           | [0] https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/your-book-review-
           | human...
        
             | skrebbel wrote:
             | I read both the book and this review, and while the review
             | makes some valid points, it also holds the book to a pretty
             | high bar.
             | 
             | Usually I'm all for doing exactly that, but this book is
             | not about hard scientific proof for some fancy new theory.
             | It's about an _idea_ , the idea that humans are good by
             | default. To be taken seriously as an idea, it only needs as
             | much proof as the idea it's rejecting, which is that humans
             | are a razor thin layer of civility over evil, savage
             | animals.
             | 
             | It's about debunking that as much as it is about proposing
             | an alternative. I think Bregman is perfectly happy to leave
             | the hard science for the scientists. If readers agree that
             | his idea is at least as plausible as the one he's up
             | against, he's done pretty well. And to my reading, even
             | this review agrees with that.
        
           | MeinBlutIstBlau wrote:
           | Cultural experience matters a lot here though. If 6 boys who
           | dealt with hard grueling hunter gatherer labor, they'd have
           | no issue pulling themselves up by their makeshift sandals so
           | to speak, in the jungle. Western boys who may have had at
           | worst, had a few days of hard labor, the rest school and
           | sports, not so much.
           | 
           | Your forgetting about culture shock. White boys who know
           | nothing of hunting and gathering aren't going to fare well
           | compared to Tongan boys who studied the school or hard knocks
           | first hand. It's like dropping a black bear in the Arctic and
           | guffawing that it can't adapt like the polar bear! They're
           | not equipped for the situation appropriately.
           | 
           | People are trusting. We know this. People want to work
           | together. People want to survive. The simple fact that we are
           | here today is evidence of that. Hunter gatherers, trusting an
           | outsider showing them dropping seeds in the group produces
           | crops. And now we have iPhones. All because baseline humans
           | are "selfishly selfless." We learned that delaying
           | gratification of the Id can provide greater rewards. That's
           | why we aren't still animals fighting over berries with
           | grizzley bears...
        
             | filleduchaos wrote:
             | I have no idea where you are getting the idea that six
             | boarding school boys had "dealt with hard gruelling hunter
             | gatherer labour" or "studied the school of hard knocks
             | first hand".
             | 
             | That is an amazing amount of assumption to draw out of the
             | simple fact that they were Tongan.
        
           | anotherman554 wrote:
           | Lord of the flies was written shortly after world war 2,
           | which also really happened... I don't take it seriously as a
           | story of what would really happen if boys ended up on an
           | island, but humans killing each other for dumb reasons is not
           | the stuff of fantasy.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | No, but the _why_ is. It 's worthwhile being very careful
             | taking fiction books as a depiction of how peoples minds
             | work, because they're just plainly not - they're a
             | depiction of how a very small subset (authors who publish
             | books) _think_ peoples minds work.
        
               | NateEag wrote:
               | Smaller than that - each author's mind is unique.
               | 
               | Any piece of fiction should be considered on its own for
               | whether its characters are plausible and consistent.
        
             | filleduchaos wrote:
             | "Distasteful" and "dumb" are far from the same thing, and
             | the second world war happened for the former and not the
             | latter.
        
               | anotherman554 wrote:
               | It's a distinction without a difference- one could argue
               | a less primitive species wouldn't have found itself
               | caught in world wars. The man-children starting world
               | wars are paralleled by the children-children killing each
               | other on the island.
        
               | jpttsn wrote:
               | Your "less primitive" species would have had what reason
               | to split the atom?
        
               | anotherman554 wrote:
               | I think it's fair to say that pacifists do in fact,
               | sometimes invent things.
        
               | filleduchaos wrote:
               | Reducing the historical and contemporary reasons why
               | humans engage in war to people being "man-children" is a
               | level of sticking-my-head-in-the-sand that I hope to
               | never attain. I've never understood the urge to think of
               | people and things one morally/politically disagrees with
               | as simply stupid, braindead or immature - but there seem
               | to be way too many people who seem incapable of
               | contending with the idea that humans can be intelligent
               | _and_ highly amoral /immoral.
        
               | MomoXenosaga wrote:
               | I have had the privilege to visit concentration camp
               | museums. I actually didn't have the feeling these were
               | unintelligent savage places. It was actually trying to be
               | orderly, efficient and exceedingly bureaucratic. These
               | institutions were very much a part of civilization.
               | Everything was thought through.
               | 
               | They weren't run by man children.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | filleduchaos wrote:
               | Exactly.
               | 
               | My parents lost members of their families to genocide.
               | The people who planned it were not stupid. Ruthless yes,
               | calculating and callous and cruel yes. But not stupid,
               | and it's both amusing and highly frustrating to see
               | people who've mostly never had to confront these things
               | pretend that it's just the work of "man-children"
               | (because gods forbid that we contend with the idea that
               | the intellectualism and intelligence we place on
               | pedestals might ever be morally bankrupt).
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | World War II happened largely because the Great War
               | happened.
               | 
               | I'm comfortable describing the reasons for the Great War
               | as "dumb". Your mileage may vary.
        
               | abraae wrote:
               | Pointless pendatry over words doesn't move discussion
               | forwards. I wouldn't personally use either of those words
               | to describe Nazis, which is largely what WWII "happened
               | for".
        
               | filleduchaos wrote:
               | I'm curious about what the pointless pedantry is in
               | drawing a distinction between "stupid" and "morally
               | abhorrent".
        
               | abraae wrote:
               | Those were not the words you used, and (continuing the
               | pointless arguments about words), "morally abhorrent"
               | does not mean the same as distasteful, at least to most
               | english speakers.
        
               | filleduchaos wrote:
               | The (very clear, to me at least) point was that calling
               | war "dumb" because it is unpleasant is irrational. WW2
               | was very clearly not the product of stupidity.
               | 
               | It's interesting though that you are nitpicking about
               | "distasteful" vs "morally abhorrent" (and will probably
               | do the same about "unpleasant") while calling _my_ point
               | pedantry.
        
             | croes wrote:
             | >humans killing each other for dumb reasons is not the
             | stuff of fantasy.
             | 
             | But it's the exception not the norm in human behaviour.
        
               | TheOrange wrote:
               | It depends on whether you have social constructs in place
               | which take priority over human behaviour.
               | 
               | Remove all of this.. what happens.. humans will
               | eventually go back to primal instincts
        
               | croes wrote:
               | And one primal instinct is social bonding.
        
               | esyir wrote:
               | Which is also the primal instinct that allows for
               | tribalism, which is really important when the other tribe
               | is competing for a scarce resource.
               | 
               | Humans are social creatures, but not social with the
               | entire world.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | Not social with the entire world _yet_. Give us time.
        
               | simiones wrote:
               | Tribalism is generally closed, but not automatically
               | antagonistic with other tribes. In contexts where there
               | is no forced competition, tribes rarely fight.
               | 
               | The modern view is that most likely hunter-gatherer
               | societies, which didn't have fixed lands and had no
               | general reason to be territorial, had little warfare. It
               | is only with agricultural societies, where competition
               | for land becomes a factor, that we start finding evidence
               | of warfare, as far as I understand.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | AbrahamParangi wrote:
         | I think it's fair to say "don't bet against human ingenuity and
         | spirit".
         | 
         | I mean, we're here aren't we? We are alive, because of the
         | will, intellect, and energy of those who came before us.
         | Survival is essential to living things, so why expect that
         | humans will degenerate to their worst in the absence of
         | civilization rather than come together and make the best of it?
        
           | jpttsn wrote:
           | Those we ate to be alive are not.
           | 
           | I believe "human ingenuity and spirit" is not add odds with
           | "our worst".
           | 
           | Our most ingenious/sophisticated technology often works for
           | its human wielder against their fellow humans.
        
       | kgeist wrote:
       | Survivorship bias? If another group of boys failed to form a
       | successful team with enough skills to survive, they wouldn't have
       | survived to tell their story. So it's not surprising that the
       | author only found a successful story. We don't know what happens
       | to the thousands of boys who go missing every year.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | > We don't know what happens to the thousands of boys who go
         | missing every year.
         | 
         | These are not lost kids surviving islands. These are kids
         | escaping abusive situations. They typically become homeless,
         | get money either by small crimes or sex work. They eventually
         | end up in prison fairly often.
        
       | 1MachineElf wrote:
       | This story is amazing and The Guardian did a great job presenting
       | it in an interesting way.
       | 
       | The comments here make me wonder, just why did Lord of The Flies
       | become popular in the first place? Was there a generation that
       | thought it was a good story for illustrating human nature? Why?
        
         | Scarblac wrote:
         | It's from 1954. That generation was very occupied with trying
         | to understand how the Holocaust could happen.
        
       | totetsu wrote:
       | This got a lot of coverage last year.
       | 
       | This article questions the colonial view point it was mostly
       | reported from. https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/world/416819/concerns-
       | over-a-tale...
       | 
       | Here's an interview with one of the survivors
       | https://www.rnz.co.nz/audio/player?audio_id=2018746636
       | 
       | And the reason the island was uninhabited. the Pacific slave
       | trade
       | https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/sunday/audio/20182...
        
         | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
         | > This article questions the colonial view point it was mostly
         | reported from.
         | 
         | That's funny coming from a member of the colonial power famous
         | for the heroic conquest of 300,000 km2 of ocean and thousands
         | of islands using nothing but dugout canoes.
         | 
         | What she really means is that it's the view of the people who
         | came late to the party and played the game on easy mode.
        
         | nojokes wrote:
         | > "For me it's so hard to process because 'whiteness' believes
         | it can own anything and everything," she said.
         | 
         | Sounds overly racist to me.
         | 
         | > The New Zealand Oscar-winning director Taika Waititi has
         | weighed in on the conversation, writing on Twitter that in his
         | opinion, "you should prioritise Polynesian (Tongan if
         | possible!) filmmakers as to avoid cultural appropriation,
         | misrepresentation, and to keep the Pasifika voice authentic".
         | 
         | > Gesa-Fatafehi agreed that if the story was made into a film,
         | she would like to see Tongans behind, and in front of, the
         | camera.
         | 
         | Well, they can do it if they want to - nothing can stop them to
         | make a movie like this but they do not have any right to stop
         | others to make their own interpretation (and they can dislike
         | it and explain to everyone what is wrong with it).
         | 
         | I would like to see a Hollywood movie with mostly white but
         | with at least one Asian and at least one black actors :) Ok, I
         | am just joking about Hollywood stereotypes here.
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | > _Sounds overly racist to me._
           | 
           | Read "whiteness" as describing culture, and it seems more
           | true than racist. It's your traditional Victorian English
           | capitalist, top hat and monocle, making children work with
           | heavy machinery and turning the sky grey. Your colonialist,
           | beating children for speaking the language of their parents
           | and expecting them to be grateful for it. Your Disney,
           | selling a child-sized "tattooed Polynesian skin" costume.
           | (Why are all my examples about children?)
           | 
           | I agree it could be phrased better, but I assume this is a
           | quote from an interview? The speaker had seconds to think of
           | a wording.
        
             | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
             | > Your Disney, selling a child-sized "tattooed Polynesian
             | skin" costume. (Why are all my examples about children?)
             | 
             | The people who got upset with the Maui costume strike me as
             | the exact same type of people as the characters in the
             | movie who got upset about the titular character's "cultural
             | appropriation" of seafaring.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | There's a difference between children painting
               | Polynesian-looking tattoos on themselves because they
               | think they're cool, and a multinational corporation
               | exploiting whatever fragments of culture seem profitable,
               | and wallpapering "Disney magic" over the rest.
               | 
               | Imagine the uproar if Disney made a film about Christian
               | culture - maybe some story about St Paul going on a quest
               | to slay a dragon using _Jesus Cant_ (the tongue of magic)
               | - and then started selling tacky Body-of-Christ merch (or
               | something), and _that was the only representation of
               | Christianity in mainstream culture_. Some people would
               | get upset, and I don 't think they'd be unjustified.
        
               | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
               | I do have a problem with movie merchandise in general for
               | being cheaply made plastic garbage, I just don't think
               | there's anything more egregious about the Maui costume
               | than anything else. And Christians already have the
               | market cornered with tacky Body-of-Crist merch in the
               | form of Mass play sets. If you ask me the Orthodox have
               | the right idea, just give the kids the real Holy
               | Communion from the moment they're baptised, bypassing the
               | whole need for that garbage, but that's besides the
               | point.
               | 
               | I think Moana was actually very good, and I was greatly
               | and pleasantly surprised to see something of that quality
               | come out of Disney. It's a captivating story that stands
               | on its own legs without any pandering or preaching, and I
               | see nothing wrong with how it represents Polynesian
               | culture.
        
               | nojokes wrote:
               | I can confirm that Moana (the movi) induced respect and
               | interest in Polynesian culture in me. Fortunately
               | prevalence of crap merchandise is not wide where we live
               | (in EU).
        
             | finnthehuman wrote:
             | >Read "whiteness" as describing culture, and it seems more
             | true than racist.
             | 
             | No, describing a group of people based on their race
             | instead of a more accurate descriptor for the category
             | you're looking to talk about is just plain old racism.
             | Being more specific might also be, but this is guaranteed
             | to be.
             | 
             | And your statement just sounds like the contemporary-
             | palatable version of grandpa explaining that when he talks
             | about black people, of course he doesn't mean all black
             | people or exclusively black people.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | Fair enough. There are still people I wouldn't begrudge
               | for using "whiteness" like that, but I probably shouldn't
               | assume good faith straight off the bat. You're right that
               | this kind of thing is important to stamp out.
               | 
               | That being said, we don't really have a good word for
               | "originally-European (but kinda American too now) take-
               | everything attitudes". How would you describe this
               | succinctly?
        
               | __turbobrew__ wrote:
               | "Western"?
        
           | totetsu wrote:
           | not sure of your context, but I often find that concepts from
           | outside (de(post(colonial))) national experience are tricky
           | to translate directly into it. The word racism particularly
           | has a lot of unstated philosophy behind it depending on which
           | country it is used in. To be plain, white people in history
           | did try to 'own' everything in the Pacific, and that history
           | is the base of the present we have today ect..
           | 
           | As for the film thing, maybe Taika is talking about the
           | 'camera on the shore' https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programm
           | es/saturday/audio/201...
        
             | nojokes wrote:
             | I think I understand. Still this comment made me
             | uncomfortable.
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | The author of this article, speaking about Davos:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P8ijiLqfXP0
       | 
       | This article is an excerpt from Chapter 2 one of his latest book.
       | The book, Humankind, seems to be making the argument that humans
       | are essentially trustworthy and industrious and are thus proper
       | candidates for UBI. UBI is more or less the topic of his first
       | book.
       | 
       | Here is a review of his first book, Utopia for Realists:
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/mar/13/utopia-realist...
       | 
       | From an interview about the book:
       | 
       | "OK, so basic income is all about the freedom to say no. That's a
       | privilege for the rich right now. With a basic income, you can
       | say no to a job you don't want to do. You can say no to a city in
       | which you no longer want to live. You can say no to an employer
       | who harasses you at work . . . that's what real freedom looks
       | like."
       | 
       | "This is not about AI," he insists. "You go back to the 1960s,
       | and all the economists, all the philosophers, all the
       | sociologists said we're going to be working less and less and
       | less and less and boredom is going to be the great challenge of
       | the future. Didn't happen . . . mostly because we have this
       | ideological obsession with creating new jobs."
       | 
       | Some other articles he has written for The Guardian:
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/mar/30/wealth...
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jul/12/phone-...
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/feb/07/rutger-bregman...
        
       | Clewza313 wrote:
       | From the other end of the spectrum, a famous case of (adults)
       | getting shipwrecked and going batshit insane:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batavia_(1628_ship)
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | The Bounty mutineers' settlement on an uninhabited island also
         | comes to mind
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutiny_on_the_Bounty#Pitcairn
        
           | frosted-flakes wrote:
           | Imagine having that as your family history. There are still
           | 50 or so descendants still living on Pitcairn today.
        
             | goodcanadian wrote:
             | And several hundred descendants living elsewhere (Norfolk
             | Island, Australia, New Zealand).
        
             | mikestew wrote:
             | For a discomforting high number of those, their ancestry is
             | probably the least of their worries:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitcairn_sexual_assault_trial
             | _...
        
         | battles wrote:
         | To be fair, it didn't help that they left a psychopath in
         | charge.
        
       | bongoman37 wrote:
       | Its interesting everyone just keeps referring to the Catholic
       | school they escaped from as a school. Knowing what we know about
       | things like the Magdalene laundries and usual Catholic way of
       | dealing with kids, they were likely escaping from a prison like
       | and abusive situation. They would be more likely to be
       | cooperative to not end up back where they started from. There is
       | really no comparison to LOTF here where the kids were going back
       | to a middle class existence if rescued.
        
       | rossdavidh wrote:
       | It's not quite as simple as "it works like 'Lord of the Flies' or
       | it doesn't". Nicholas Christakis, in his book "Blueprint",
       | devotes a chapter to a database that he and his grad students
       | made of shipwrecks, where the survivors lived long enough, in
       | enough isolation, that they had to more or less put together a
       | temporary society. There were lots of cases where they turned on
       | each other, and lots of cases where they did not.
       | 
       | My review of Christakis' book, in case you're curious:
       | https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/2851365787
        
         | gwbas1c wrote:
         | > The attempt to infuse sociology with biological facts (e.g.
         | genes matter, evolution still impacts humans, etc.) has been
         | controversial (even today the term "sociobiology" is
         | radioactive to some).
         | 
         | My immediate reaction to your post was that maybe we could
         | learn something about what causes societies to collapse, and
         | learn something?
        
           | lebuffon wrote:
           | Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed: Revised
           | Edition, Diamond
           | 
           | Interesting overview
        
             | rossdavidh wrote:
             | Seconded.
        
         | Andrex wrote:
         | > There were lots of cases where they turned on each other, and
         | lots of cases where they did not.
         | 
         | The fact that it's a coin flip is the key aspect of the message
         | Golding wanted to impart. It's chilling, and unsurprising, that
         | reality bears it out.
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | The coin flip in the book is that they had two potential
           | leaders, one of the responsible and the other one pretty
           | sociopathic but charismatic - the nascent society followed
           | the sociopathic, charismatic one.
           | 
           | At any rate there were quite a few more kids than 6 in the
           | book, so pointing at this incident and saying 'see, it would
           | work out' is just silly.
        
             | grecy wrote:
             | ... sounds a lot like many democracies choosing a
             | sociopathic but charismatic leader.
        
         | anitil wrote:
         | He was a guest on the 'Singal Minded' [0] podcast a while back
         | as well and talked about his research.
         | 
         | [0] https://singalmindedconvos.fireside.fm/7 I use the RSS feed
         | but that's the link to the exact episode
        
           | rossdavidh wrote:
           | Interesting, thanks for that!
        
         | licebmi__at__ wrote:
         | Nice review. In a sense I find this something akin to the late
         | David Graeber point on it's column about bulling. How you can
         | find data pointing towards the human society propensity for
         | violence, and also data of human society propensity for
         | cooperation and refusal to engage on violence even when
         | confronted with losing their way of living, although he also
         | raises the point when historically there has been more
         | propensity to consider only the violent ugly aspect, as you can
         | almost certainly find it on people who appeal to "human
         | nature".
        
           | dalbasal wrote:
           | IDK if its a modern bias or a recurring one, but people are
           | very drawn to the idea of a core human "nature:" what we are
           | when all the surface level stuff is stripped away.
           | 
           | The way the conversations I've had tend to go is ever more
           | contrived scenarios. Eventually it gets to spaceships
           | carrying sperm and eggs to be raised cultureless by robots.
           | You need to avoid scenarios like these, where the boys know
           | about raising chickens, praying and stuff. lol As if a
           | parentless, cultureless person is more human than the rest of
           | us... more indicative of "true" human nature.
           | 
           | Once we set to answering a question, it seems very hard to
           | question the question.
        
             | Dudeman112 wrote:
             | >core human "nature:" what we are when all the surface
             | level stuff is stripped away.
             | 
             | That always seemed out of whack for me. If you change the
             | environment, the individual changes too.
             | 
             | That's just a different individual, calling it more "true"
             | or "pure" seems like asking "how much is 1 + apple?" (where
             | Apple is an actual apple, not a variable).
             | 
             | The whole premise is fundamentally wrong. How I am right
             | now is not false nor unnatural.
        
               | dalbasal wrote:
               | >> How (is it) not false nor unnatural.
               | 
               | Exactly. There have never been culturaless, parentless
               | people. If there were/are, then that is simply a terrible
               | circumstance and terrible results will probably occur.
        
             | necovek wrote:
             | People are quick to discount the value of education (or
             | upbringing) from the early age. Humans have started
             | developing quickly with the development of language and
             | especially writing. Take that away, and we are looking at
             | another dozens of thousands of years of getting back to it,
             | if at all.
             | 
             | The best evidence to me is how those "lost in woods, found
             | years later" kids have developed: mostly mimicking other
             | animals (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feral_child). It's
             | even hard to change that later on.
        
             | gsich wrote:
             | >Eventually it gets to spaceships carrying sperm and eggs
             | to be raised cultureless by robots.
             | 
             | I recommend "Raised by Wolves".
        
               | jborichevskiy wrote:
               | Awesome show; looking forward to the next season.
               | Explores parenting, "religion" vs "science", desolation,
               | and growing up.
        
             | thedmstdmstdmst wrote:
             | Yes of course, the natural course of development of humans
             | is to do away with all other humans. Then you can be fully
             | human.
        
             | MomoXenosaga wrote:
             | There is an idea that after the bombs fall we all turn into
             | raping and pillaging marauders. I have no idea why people
             | find this idea comforting.
             | 
             | In reality villages will be built, laws written and
             | religions made up.
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | It can be both, no?
               | 
               | Look at human history: lots of villages and religions,
               | also lots of raping and pillaging.
        
               | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
               | We tend to record the raping and pillaging because those
               | are the times of disruption. I'm not a historian, but I
               | can imagine that there are long stretches of history that
               | are relatively conflict-free for most of the world, but
               | such times are not really that interesting so no one
               | tells stories about them.
        
               | dalbasal wrote:
               | At least in the enlightenment period, tend to come from
               | political philosophy rather than history... though the
               | two are closely related in this period. Notably, Hobbes
               | and his "state of nature" concept.
               | 
               | Philosophy of this period (also Locke, Marx, etc) tended
               | to speculate about the past using reason, rather than
               | empirically. A lot of their ideas have been passed down
               | to us.
               | 
               | Hobbes' saw life in the "natural" state "solitary, poore,
               | nasty, brutish, and short." Eventually government arises,
               | using its monopoly of violence to end day-to-day
               | violence, cheating and such.
               | 
               | I don't think the original writers are compelling
               | anymore, but they are hard to shake entirely. Memes die
               | hard.
               | 
               | In any case, I think the reality of people at all times
               | is that cooperation is a fundamental. There are no
               | societies without cooperation, some form of solidarity,
               | love, etc. We could have never survived without it.
               | Violence is also common in history, but we don't need it
               | to survive. We also know that primates, dogs and other
               | creatures have demonstrably empathetic behaviours, a
               | sense of fairness and such.
               | 
               | As I implied at the start, I think the mistake is literal
               | fundamentalism. Human behaviour can't be logically
               | derived from a fundamental nature.
        
               | dr_dshiv wrote:
               | These villages better build defenses against the
               | marauders or all is for naught. And of course, the best
               | defense is a good offense. And... Fast forward to the
               | presently peaceful times of mutually assured destruction!
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | That is a point of a village as opposed to living in
               | separate farmsteads. (there are other points to villages,
               | but putting a group of people together is an automatic
               | form of defense)
        
               | dalbasal wrote:
               | Historically, this doesn't seem to be true.
               | 
               | Villages appear long before defensive fortifications in
               | the record, in many cases. Pure reason is not very good
               | at forming predictive theories about history, as a
               | general rule.
               | 
               | There are many possible reasons for villages, and
               | cultural reasons are a very big determinant of how people
               | live. So are economic reasons. Many of us live in big
               | cities now, and it's generally less safe.
        
               | dmoy wrote:
               | You get villages because foraging really sucks. It's an
               | ease-of-survival thing around food production.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Foraging is done from villages as well. They tend to not
               | have tents/houses, just a community fire that moves when
               | the tribe moves. Still a village.
               | 
               | Foraging sucks less than subsistence farming. However
               | farmers are able to put a lot more people into given land
               | area and so farming villages won out.
        
               | __turbobrew__ wrote:
               | "A Canticle for Leibowitz" is a great book which follows
               | this scenario.
        
               | ricardobayes wrote:
               | probably the fallout games paint an accurate picture.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | It is not what is human. It is also, how you raise those
           | kids. Ars you raising them in bully house boarding school
           | full of abuse? You get different results then if you raise
           | them with different values.
        
         | fighterpilot wrote:
         | Did they find any variables that could explain whether or not
         | the group turned on each other? e.g. resource abundance, gender
         | makeup, age of people, N people, N days stranded, etc?
        
           | rossdavidh wrote:
           | One important factor was, "did they sacrifice somebody early
           | on?", for example in the actual evacuation from the ship.
           | Once it is implanted in everyone's minds that individuals get
           | sacrificed, it erodes trust, and makes everyone suspicious of
           | everyone else. Of course, it's hard to distinguish between
           | cause and effect in things like that.
           | 
           | There's a lot of details in the details, though, you might
           | want to read the whole thing! :)
        
             | fighterpilot wrote:
             | That makes sense. Nobody has a monopoly on violence so
             | everyone wants to front-run their own demise by killing the
             | person that will kill them with a small but non-trivial
             | probability. Pre-emptive violence becomes rational in such
             | an environemnt.
        
         | freehrtradical wrote:
         | These are the type of fascinating comments that keep me coming
         | back to HN. Thank you.
        
           | mrslave wrote:
           | Book recommendations are especially high points for me. Thank
           | you GP.
        
         | lrem wrote:
         | This review is obviously high effort. What's the incentive
         | here? Is this what the community regularly does in Goodreads?
         | Or are you somehow affiliated with the author and treat this as
         | a favour?
        
           | rossdavidh wrote:
           | Hmmmm...not sure, entirely. I think it's that, by putting in
           | more effort, I end up processing the book mentally in a more
           | thorough way. Something like what my grade school literature
           | teacher might have said was the point of book reports.
           | Thinking over "well, exactly what did I think of it?" tends
           | to make me think over the book's contents more carefully,
           | instead of just putting it down and immediately moving on.
        
           | gadf wrote:
           | Anything to do with goodreads becomes toxic. I think that's
           | because the types of people who read and opine about books to
           | the extent they feel compelled to blog/review on gr, are also
           | likely to be the types of people who brook no dissent to
           | their opinions, neither of authors, books nor the things they
           | make them mean. They're independent, self-trusting, artistic
           | thinkers (in the manner of Nietzsche), and the act of
           | engaging in bookreading, where they are in their own closeted
           | little world, alone with the author's mind, is the pinnacle
           | of their innate joy, but the internet of everyman wasn't
           | built for them, so they become little despots when faced with
           | a sea of divergence.
           | 
           | The comment above is an example of a hanger-on to this
           | dynamic: not quite independent enough to be a despot in their
           | own right, but an enabler of the despotism of these little
           | opiners, who the userbase of goodreads epitomizes so well,
           | leading to the toxicity oozing from the seams of goodreads
           | observable in abundance.
        
             | abraae wrote:
             | Magnificent rant, I will forward it to an editor of my
             | acquaintance.
        
             | egypturnash wrote:
             | I am looking at your comment history here and I suspect
             | that the case is more that anything to do with _you_
             | becomes toxic; I see multiple instances of you insulting
             | people, then insisting that they're the ones hurling abuse
             | and arguing in bad faith when they protest.
        
           | retrobox wrote:
           | Other reviews for this book on Goodreads are equally high
           | effort. It's not uncommon to see long and insightful reviews
           | in the Goodreads community. I'd assume good intent :)
        
           | kuu wrote:
           | I don't know why you're being downvoted when it's clear your
           | question is out of curiosity.
           | 
           | High effort reviews are common on Goodreads, why? Because
           | it's a community about passionate readers and probably those
           | who write the very detailed reviews have enjoyed reading some
           | other reviews and want to contribute back to the community. I
           | think it's the same reason as people contributes to
           | wikipedia: for the sake of sharing knowledge
        
             | rezic wrote:
             | It does come across somewhat accusatory. Without the
             | suggested affiliation with the author it would sound less
             | so.
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | > I don't know why you're being downvoted when it's clear
             | your question is out of curiosity.
             | 
             | It is an odd question on the internet where people
             | regularly and normally put a lot of effort into reviews,
             | blog posts, discussion forums comments and so on.
             | 
             | That coupled with question about affiliation probably makes
             | people interpret is as not questions out of curiosity, but
             | rather as sleazy way to introduce doubt on the author
             | motivation.
        
               | lrem wrote:
               | Good point. That was not my intention. But my
               | communication skills before caffeine digests are not
               | where I would want them to be :/
        
           | gjs278 wrote:
           | no accusations of shilling. mods!!!!!!
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | jgilias wrote:
       | It shouldn't be glossed over that these were six boys from a
       | boarding school on a getaway. So, unless there were only six
       | pupils in the boarding school, it would mean that this was a
       | group of boys who like and trust each other enough to let in on a
       | plan which could get them into serious trouble if the wrong
       | person found out about it. Also, the school being a boarding
       | school implies that the group had a preexisting social structure,
       | and that they had been literally living together before the
       | event.
       | 
       | So, it's sort of a best case scenario of 'a group of boys forming
       | a society on a deserted island'.
       | 
       | EDIT: Another commenter posted an audio interview with one of the
       | survivors, highly recommended:
       | https://www.rnz.co.nz/audio/player?audio_id=2018746636
        
         | FearNotDaniel wrote:
         | I would also put some emphasis on the fact that it is a "strict
         | Catholic" boarding school. To Guardian readers this is a dog-
         | whistle to signify oppressive and potentially abusive; but the
         | reality is very possible that the boys had learned some of the
         | positive aspects of the faith - it does after all state that
         | they regularly sang and prayed together - so I would imagine,
         | despite their boredom at school, they may well have learned and
         | internalized some of the "love thy neighbour" type teachings
         | and carried them into this situation.
        
           | jgilias wrote:
           | I believe you have a good point. I highly recommend listening
           | to the above interview. He elaborates how they had a system
           | in place where he would get any two boys who have a problem
           | together in the evening to talk it through, hug, and then
           | pray together. It's clear that at least from their own
           | perspective faith did play a significant role in their group
           | cohesion and survival.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | emmelaich wrote:
       | Related: Scouts being goaded and manipulated into fighting each
       | other -- don't. They remain civilized.
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/apr/16/a-real-life-...
        
       | helsinkiandrew wrote:
       | Map of island:
       | 
       | https://goo.gl/maps/DRmA2F5roGeHmyKs7
       | 
       | And Wikipedia page:
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/`Ata
        
         | morsch wrote:
         | The only photo on the page is of the slaver that sealed the
         | island's fate. Sad.
        
           | jfk13 wrote:
           | It's _wiki_ pedia. Maybe you could contribute something to
           | improve it?
        
             | NateEag wrote:
             | I doubt OP has photos of the island's earlier inhabitants.
        
       | keithnz wrote:
       | I think the state of nature as imagined by the likes of Thomas
       | Hobbes is more just an assumption that is more based on
       | observations of conflicting social groups, as such it is an
       | emergent nature. But, I think humans evolved on the basis of
       | mutual cooperation is a better survival strategy. So I think we
       | have this ingrained base nature that wants to work together with
       | other humans.
        
         | goatlover wrote:
         | Humans evolved to cooperate within their tribe. Everyone else
         | is an outsider, who you might trade and cooperate with, but you
         | might also fight. All depends. At any rate, the history of
         | civilization has lots of conquests and empires. Once an empire
         | is established, forced cooperation also happens, until it
         | doesn't.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | The fact that he wrote the book during the English Civil War
         | really ought to get more play than it does; amid such dire
         | circumstances a desire for order at any price is
         | understandable, but Hobbes' situation and personal biases are
         | rarely taken into account.
         | 
         | A thoughtful counterpoint (albeit a somewhat idealistic and
         | romantic one) to Hobbes' is found in the writings of Peter
         | Kropotkin.
        
       | leet_coder_boi wrote:
       | > opens link > ctrl+f nazi > "Had Auschwitz been an anomaly, they
       | wanted to know, or is there a Nazi hiding in each of us?" >
       | detecting bias > "Rutger Bregman is the author of Utopia for
       | Realists: The Case for a Universal Basic Income, Open Borders and
       | a 15-hour Workweek." > oh right: the guardian
        
       | Evidlo wrote:
       | I wish the article had more information about the boys' time on
       | the island. It's mostly about the captain that found them.
        
         | girvo wrote:
         | https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/world/416819/concerns-over-a-tale...
         | 
         | That article has some more information, and RNZ has an audio
         | interview with one of the survivors:
         | 
         | https://www.rnz.co.nz/audio/player?audio_id=2018746636
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | The six boys were significantly older than the Flies boys - 13 to
       | 16.
        
         | kgeist wrote:
         | I also can imagine that a 16 year old kid in Tonga is probably,
         | by most accounts, already considered an adult with enough
         | skills to provide for himself.
        
         | lozaning wrote:
         | And real boys, LOTF is Fiction.
        
         | kzrdude wrote:
         | The tonga boys were 15 to 17. (Wikipedia)
         | 
         | > From June 1965 to September 11, 1966, six Tongan youths,
         | Sione Fataua (17, the eldest), "Stephen" Tevita Fatai Latu
         | (17), "David" Tevita Fifita Siola`a (15, the youngest), Kolo
         | Fekitoa (17), "Mano" Sione Filipe Totau (16), and Luke Veikoso
         | (16, later a boxing champion),[15] all natives of Ha`afeva
         | island, were shipwrecked on `Ata after running away from their
         | strict Catholic boarding school, St. Andrew's College,[16] in
         | Nuku`alofa on Tongatapu.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | The article said 13..16, but that may have been when they
           | were shipwrecked, and the Wikipedia gave ages at rescue.
        
       | gavinray wrote:
       | If anyone takes the time to read the entire article (it's
       | somewhat long), it's an uplifting feel-good story.
       | 
       | Worth the read.
        
       | shannifin wrote:
       | Regardless of whether its outlook was positive or negative, I
       | thought _Lord of the Flies_ was too plot-driven and heavy handed
       | with ridiculous character motivations (or lack thereof).
       | 
       | Anyway, would be really cool to see a film of this story; I'm
       | disappointed it hasn't been made yet!
        
       | aronswartz wrote:
       | Rip in peace.
        
       | aronswartz wrote:
       | I think I know your dad, sexually.
        
       | kristopolous wrote:
       | Documentary was made last year
       | http://paradise.docastaway.com/six-tongan-castaways-ata-isla...
        
       | shrubby wrote:
       | This is something that I believe everyone should read:
       | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/52879286-humankind
       | 
       | I bought nine of these to the local MP's last summer. Mostly to
       | emphasize the fact that all of us are not as greedy as their
       | context might be. Not very surprisingly I only got one message
       | from MP that had read it.
        
       | wombatmobile wrote:
       | Interview with Peter Warner, rescuer
       | 
       | From Saturday Morning, 11:45 am on 16 May 2020
       | 
       | Radio New Zealand
       | 
       | https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/saturday/audio/201...
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | I think one of the things in the boys' favor is that they had
       | true community. It sounds they they grew up on the same island.
       | Were part of the same community. All went to the same Catholic
       | school. From the mention of "Their days began and ended with song
       | and prayer" along with the Catholic school, it also seems they
       | were all religious.
       | 
       | As much as we on HN like to think that logic and the rational
       | mind is what makes people behave good, many times it is the
       | subconscious ties of shared family, friendship, and faith that
       | that help people pull together in times of crisis.
        
         | prionassembly wrote:
         | K-Hole's seminal pamphlet on normcore says something along the
         | lines of: in the old days we were born into communities and had
         | to find our individuality, now we're born individuals and must
         | find our tribe.
        
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