[HN Gopher] Scottish Cafe
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       Scottish Cafe
        
       Author : benbreen
       Score  : 160 points
       Date   : 2021-05-29 23:24 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (en.wikipedia.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (en.wikipedia.org)
        
       | armSixtyFour wrote:
       | It's unfortunate that it's so hard to find a pdf of the "The
       | Scottish book", it looks as though any copy of it is over 150
       | USD.
        
         | miles wrote:
         | There are a number of PDF versions (and much more) linked from
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Book :
         | 
         | English version of Scottish book
         | http://kielich.amu.edu.pl/Stefan_Banach/pdf/ks-szkocka/ks-sz...
         | 
         | Manuscript of Scottish book
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20180428090844/http://kielich.am...
         | 
         | The New Scottish Book PDFs
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20170703172619/http://www.wmi.un...
        
       | KhoomeiK wrote:
       | Great metaphor for how to create an innovative, collaborative
       | culture.
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | I could find no explanation of why it was called the Scottish
       | cafe or what the link to Scotland might have been. Any ideas?
        
         | malcolmstill wrote:
         | It could be related to historic Scotland -> Poland immigration:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_diaspora#Poland
        
           | Kaibeezy wrote:
           | It's a rich historic connection, especially in academia. More
           | detail here - https://www.scotland.org/features/scotland-and-
           | poland
        
         | chewz wrote:
         | Just the name of the cafe.
         | 
         | Actually they have started in Cafe Roma but it has been too
         | crowded and noisy and Banach decided to move to the other side
         | of the street to Szkocka (Scottish) Cafe instead. Another
         | reason Roma's owner wasn't keen to put on a tab. The Szkocka
         | owner - Mr. Brettschneider was more friendly to mathematicians.
         | 
         | https://histmag.org/Matematycy-z-kawiarni-Szkockiej-10433
         | 
         | The food in Szkocka wan't particularly good in Banach's opinion
         | and some older mathematicians (Hugo Steinhaus) preferred bakery
         | of Ludwik Zalewski at Akademicka 22 which was famous for
         | excellent cakes delivered even to Warsaw by plane.
         | 
         | Szkocka Cafe had been also frequented by journalists from Radio
         | Lwow and cattle traders. The Cattle Market had been long time
         | moved further from the city center but traders have liked
         | Szkocka for closing trades.
         | 
         | Szkocka was also the home of Klub Konstrukcjonalistow - a
         | discussion and literary club focused on aesthetics.
         | 
         | https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klub_Konstrukcjonalist%C3%B3w
         | 
         | Lwow had its share of coffee houses - "Cariton" (dawna "Muzeum"
         | obok Muzeum Przemyslowego), "Centralna" (obecnie na rogu ul.
         | Jagiellonskiej i Trzeciego Maja), "Europejska" (rog ul.
         | Czarnieckiego i placu Bernardynskiego), "Grand" (dawna
         | "Teatralna"), "George", "Imperial" (ul. Legionow 5), "Louvre",
         | "Palermo" (ul. Rutkowskiego, rog ul. Kaminskiego), "De la
         | Paix", "Roma", "Rouge" (ul. Mikolaja), "Sewilla" (pl.
         | Bernardynski, rog ul. Piekarskiej), "Union" ("Hostynnycia"),
         | "Victoria" (ul. Rejtana), "Warszawa", "Wiedenska"
         | 
         | https://www.lwow.home.pl/rocznik/kawiarnie.html
         | 
         | Google Translated > I also do not know where the idea of
         | christening one of the cafes came from, according to the
         | frescoes inside it, "Szkocka". Personally, this name reminds me
         | of the famous jokes about skimpy Scotsmen and has always
         | appealed - probably against the intentions of the host - to my
         | savings, and maybe that is why it was partially closed for the
         | time being.
         | 
         | Google Translated > "Szkocka": it has always been the place
         | with the most heterogeneous audience among all Lviv cafes.
         | University professors and couples in love, old gossipers and
         | lonely newspaper readers, bibliophiles and billiards, Jewish
         | intelligentsia and students from the nearby Academic House, all
         | states and spheres, classes and races, religions and
         | preferences lived here in harmony, not with each other, but
         | next to each other, filling an average of half of the room. So
         | "Scotch" was always especially nice thanks to the fact that it
         | was never too full and never too empty. Somehow its capacity
         | was happily measured. Various secessionists from the
         | neighboring "Roma" were a large part of its audience; those who
         | for one reason or another - sometimes because of oppositionism
         | itself, and sometimes as a result of overpopulation - left
         | their home tables in "Roma" and emigrated to "Szkocka", trying
         | to establish a new, independent existence here.
        
         | wirrbel wrote:
         | I don't know about that particular history, but naming things
         | is hard and naming cafes and hotels based on foreign places was
         | kind of customary. "Cafe Wien" (obviously nod to Viennas Coffee
         | house culture), etc. In Germany at least the Country + Hof
         | combination is still fairly common for established hotels
         | ("Englischer Hof", literally "English Yard/court").
         | 
         | So I could very well imagine that someone founding a Cafe
         | looked at which names were already used in town and settled on
         | "Scottish", maybe also due to 'underdog' sympathies perhaps
         | with Scotland (?) but that is pure speculation on my part.
        
           | Turing_Machine wrote:
           | In one of his books, Richard Feynman told of staying in the
           | "Hotel City" (in Switzerland, I believe), observing that in
           | America they would have called it the "Hotel Cite", because
           | using a foreign name makes it sound fancier.
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | I had Hof as a cognate to "hall", but that's not correct, it
           | primary cognate is "hovel".
           | 
           | But there's a modern meaning of "pub" -- _via Korean_!
           | 
           | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-
           | Germanic...
        
             | wirrbel wrote:
             | hall is cognate to Halle I think. The proper standard
             | German translation for hall might be Gutshof. But
             | primarily, Hof refers to a yard, and then derived from
             | that, are related meanings. It can refer to a farm (in many
             | German regions a farm consists of several houses /stables
             | arranged in a way that the buildings form the enclosure of
             | a yard, "der Hof", see also David Hasselhof: Hassel-Hof,
             | the Farm of Hassel).
             | 
             | A rural hotel/Restaurant is sometimes referred to as a
             | Gasthof (Gast=Guest).
             | 
             | court of justice = Gerichtshof
             | 
             | royal court = Konigshof
             | 
             | atrium = Vorhof
             | 
             | The Korean word your referencing seems to stem from
             | Hofbrau, which refers to the royal court, Hofbrau is the
             | Brau (= brew) with the royal warrant (from the Konigs-Hof).
        
             | Turing_Machine wrote:
             | Think "Pizza Hut", "Radio Shack", etc.
        
       | the_local_host wrote:
       | People back then knew that "hanging out" in a public place was
       | worthwhile.
       | 
       | I wish there was a model of public place where you and your pals
       | could buy breakfast+lunch, or lunch+dinner, and occupy the table
       | for the whole time in-between.
       | 
       | Bars let you stay for long periods, but after three or four hours
       | everyone ends up hammered, which is a different thing.
        
         | gregoriol wrote:
         | You would have to look for places in quieter parts of a city,
         | smaller streets, not high-traffic or touristy. It's actually
         | not that difficult to find these in Paris, place where you can
         | know the owner and hang out (you still pay of course). You have
         | to start slowly, you don't come in the first day, drink a
         | coffee and stay 4 hours with friends, you have to build the
         | relationship with the place: come a few times, begin to know
         | the place, the waiter, the owner, ... and after some time you
         | might be recognised as friend and the place will be a nice
         | spot.
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | I lived for close to four years in South Korea, working mostly
         | from inside cafes and often spending an entire work day inside
         | them. There were plenty that were set up for this - they often
         | catered a student crowd that would hang out there for long
         | durations studying (quite a few had open for 24 hours, too). It
         | meant the drink prices were quite high since it was basically
         | rent for a seat.
         | 
         | Alternatively some dedicated study cafes would require a flat
         | fee for a time duration and make drinks cheap instead.
         | 
         | It was also fairly common to leave laptops plugged in and leave
         | for half an hour to grab a meal elsewhere and come back.
        
         | stordoff wrote:
         | It's one of the reasons I was glad for the Union Society at my
         | university. You had to be a member of the university, and then
         | pay to join, so not exactly a public place, but it was great
         | for this sort of thing. There were many occasions where we'd
         | grab a light lunch there, spend a good 4 or 5 hours working on
         | things together, then grab a pizza from a place just down the
         | road to bring back[1]. It then had a bar that opened at 6, so
         | you could have a few drinks before heading home.
         | 
         | You could do much the same in the local Starbucks, but the
         | noise and how busy it was made it a bad place to work. The
         | Union was generally quiet (and had an on-site library if you
         | needed it), which was ideal. We also had a few supervisions in
         | local pubs, but they'd generally only last an hour which
         | sidestepped the drinking/taking up a table without buying
         | drinks issues.
         | 
         | There were of course study spaces we could have used in
         | college, but not having to worry about disturbing people as you
         | were discussing things (as most people there weren't working)
         | and having drinks/hot food available made it a much nicer place
         | to work.
         | 
         | [1] Which you weren't really meant to do given they were
         | selling food, but the staff let us get away with it.
        
         | jhoechtl wrote:
         | You have the wrong associations. What are you looking for is a
         | place where drinking alcohol and smoking is not frowned upon.
        
           | ido wrote:
           | The traditional cafe is exactly what they're looking for:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffeehouse
           | 
           | At least in Austria and Germany there are lots of places like
           | that.
        
         | ido wrote:
         | I'm confused...What you're asking for is a cafe? There are a
         | lot of places like that.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Yes, but there is this annoying rule that you have to order
           | drinks every once in an unspecified while.
        
             | NamTaf wrote:
             | Do you think the patrons of this cafe didn't? I am sure
             | they were expected to provide some degree of patronage for
             | their time there.
        
             | ido wrote:
             | In Vienna they will let you sit for hours on a cup of
             | coffee.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Rural family restaurants can handle this - or any place where
         | you get outside of "heavy traffic" - just ask! As long as the
         | table would have been empty anyway it doesn't cost them extra -
         | or leave a generous tip.
         | 
         | One restaurant near me even has a plaque commemorating the
         | group who has been eating lunch there for twenty years.
        
         | hellbannedguy wrote:
         | Starbucks is pretty good. I have never seen them kick anyone
         | out for not buying enough.
         | 
         | I miss the one that was near me.
        
           | noobermin wrote:
           | It probably depends on the city. My fiance who is in
           | Singapore saw this article and mentioned on one occasion she
           | was trying to work in a Starbucks with a classmate and they
           | were asked to leave to make room for other customers.
           | Singapore feels like a pretty crowded city though, many of
           | the public spaces like the library are usually fully booked.
        
           | y2bd wrote:
           | Folks can argue about the coffee quality as much as they
           | want, but this why I love the Starbucks reserve roastery in
           | Seattle. Decent chairs you can sit in for hours on end, and
           | they blast AC in the summer. Noisy though.
        
         | wirrbel wrote:
         | It boils down to economics and custom.
         | 
         | A few years ago, travelling in the US we, a group of European
         | exchange students) I remember well how we were after lunch or
         | dinner almost thrown out of restaurants by servers (i.e.
         | brought the bill without having asked for it, etc.). I remember
         | it so well because it really felt rude to me (we were not
         | really hanging around unduly and might at times have ordered a
         | round of deserts with a small break after the meal which the
         | business then lost but that is another story).
         | 
         | Of course from a business perspective its better to get 3
         | parties to have lunch on a table than 2, and esp. in the US
         | with the enormous tips (and lowered minimum wage) for servers,
         | there are strong incentives for that kind of behaviour.
         | Ultimately landlords/markets also factor this in when setting
         | rent prices for restaurant spaces.
         | 
         | So to come back to the Kaffeehause-style establishments I
         | always wonder how they were economically viable back then.
         | Probably a combination of cheap labor, people spending quite a
         | lot potentially in the Kaffeehaus [studying math, I guess they
         | just rented a room (potentially not even heated) and not an
         | apartment, then socialised outside or in cafes].
         | 
         | I think to pull off a Kaffeehaus for hanging out today it would
         | probably work out more in a 'Club' model where you pay a
         | membership fee which allows for stable operation.
        
           | marton78 wrote:
           | There's many things that seen to have been economically
           | viable a hundred years ago, which would seem crazy today. For
           | example, houses with 4m high roofs, thick, stable walls and
           | stucco.
           | 
           | Or maybe it was economically just as little viable as it is
           | today, but people just didn't think that much about
           | economical viability back in the old days?
        
             | wirrbel wrote:
             | My grandmother grew up in a hut, every weekend it would be
             | swept out with fresh sand, because it had a stomped mud
             | floor. This was in Germany. Pretty sure the local gentry
             | had these stucco ceilings, but not everyone.
             | 
             | Pretty sure a lot of what was done wasn't done with as
             | tight calculations as it is done today. On the other hand,
             | the markets weren't as unforgiven as today so it might have
             | been easier to turn an investment into a profit.
             | 
             | It would be interesting to see the bookwork (if it even
             | existed in the first place) of the Scottish Cafe, with
             | supplemental informations by economists / historians
             | putting it into perspective
        
         | nicbou wrote:
         | There are lots of places where someone can show up and get work
         | done. University students will know a few places, on and around
         | the campus.
         | 
         | I just can't think of a collaborative space where like-minded
         | souls collide, aside from perhaps hacker spaces. Is there
         | anything like those Paris cafes where seemingly all famous
         | artists went and drank together?
        
       | varispeed wrote:
       | Juliusz Schauder - was a Polish mathematician of Jewish origin,
       | known for his work in functional analysis, partial differential
       | equations and mathematical physics.
       | 
       | > He was executed by the Gestapo, probably in October 1943.
       | 
       | Stanislaw Saks (30 December 1897 - 23 November 1942) was a Polish
       | mathematician and university tutor, a member of the Lwow School
       | of Mathematics, known primarily for his membership in the
       | Scottish Cafe circle, an extensive monograph on the theory of
       | integrals, his works on measure theory and the Vitali-Hahn-Saks
       | theorem.
       | 
       | > Arrested in November 1942, he was executed on 23 November 1942
       | by the German Gestapo in Warsaw.
       | 
       | Thankfully most of them seem to have survived the war. It's a
       | shame that these days people are still into these murderous
       | systems like communism and national socialism. We never learn.
        
         | yunohn wrote:
         | > murderous systems like communism and national socialism
         | 
         | To be fair, democracy is also very murderous. Western countries
         | are constantly killing thousands of civilians abroad in the
         | name of freedom.
         | 
         | * "UN says more civilians killed by allies than insurgents" -
         | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-49165676
         | 
         | * "Costs of War" -
         | https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/costs/human
        
       | johnthescott wrote:
       | years ago, i took classes from dan mauldin, the editor of the
       | Birkhauser edition of the scottish book. our local scottish cafe
       | was jim's diner. great hash browns.
        
       | neiman wrote:
       | Boy, this sounds awesome! As a mathematician who's gonna spend
       | his next few months in Warsaw, is there anything there similar to
       | this? I'd love some real, live math "arguments" over coffee!
        
         | Tade0 wrote:
         | Unfortunately this is now history.
         | 
         | Nowadays people go hiking in the mountains instead and argue
         | about math there. My algebra professor from college does a
         | biannual kayaking trip.
         | 
         | Not a mathematician, but I spent a few years during high school
         | hiking with math students, talking mostly about math. We even
         | went on a sort of pilgrimage to Lviv to see the grave of Stefan
         | Banach and of course the Scottish Cafe.
         | 
         | I still remember one actual conversation from that trip:
         | 
         | -Where are we anyway?
         | 
         | -In Ukraine.
         | 
         | -What kind of response is that?
         | 
         | -The most precise I could give.
        
           | neiman wrote:
           | Lol.
           | 
           | Discussing math while hiking is great, but regular meetings
           | in cafes are a whole different animal. There's something
           | about the repetitivity, the short meetings, the "mundane"
           | atmosphere etc, which is good for me for math discussions.
           | Hiking trips are too "special" to bring the same experience.
        
             | cpach wrote:
             | It might not be possible now during the pandemic. But under
             | normal times it could have worked to start a math group at
             | Meetup.com and then spread that link via Twitter, Facebook,
             | local universities etc. As a starting point 2-3 persons
             | could hold flash talks that could spawn off into
             | interesting discussions. A local sponsor could make sure
             | that some food and beverages are available to the
             | attendants.
             | 
             | Just a thought.
        
             | neiman wrote:
             | Good idea, I may try that.
        
             | sidpatil wrote:
             | Not to mention the easily-available caffeine, which is
             | conducive to discussion.
        
       | bainsfather wrote:
       | Stan Ulam's autobiography - Adventures of a Mathematician - talks
       | a bit about this, from his early days in Lwow. It's a good book
       | about interesting times and interesting people - if this
       | wikipedia article interests you, then maybe the book will also.
        
       | duxup wrote:
       | I followed Wikipedia to "Scottish Book" and checked the names of
       | the people involved... only to find a lot of them executed in
       | WWII :(
        
         | chewz wrote:
         | Both Germans and Soviets did target Polish university
         | professors as a matter of policy.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligenzaktion
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Prosecution_Book-Polan...
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacre_of_Lviv_professors
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonderaktion_Krakau
         | 
         | > Once more, the Fuhrer must point out that the Poles can only
         | have one master, and that is the German; two masters cannot and
         | must not exist side by side; therefore, all representatives of
         | the Polish intelligentsia should be eliminated [umbringen].
         | This sounds harsh, but such are the laws of life.[]
         | 
         | [] https://archive.org/details/adolfhitlerevilm0000altm
        
           | durnygbur wrote:
           | To give an idea how these massacres wrecked Polish society,
           | imagine British society (and Europe) if Germans with
           | Austrians succeeded pursuing people from the Black Book [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Black_Book_(list)
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | Quite a lot of postwar US research lead can be attributed to
         | that being where people survived. The thriving pre war
         | intellectualism of Poland, Hungary and so on was largely
         | obliterated.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Martians_(scientists) :
         | those who escaped.
        
           | nicbou wrote:
           | We often measure the loss in dollars, or more likely in
           | number of lives. We don't have a measure for the vast amount
           | of human capital that was destroyed in the second world war.
        
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       (page generated 2021-05-30 23:02 UTC)