[HN Gopher] Synthetic living machines: A new window on life
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       Synthetic living machines: A new window on life
        
       Author : Anon84
       Score  : 73 points
       Date   : 2021-05-28 21:52 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.sciencedirect.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.sciencedirect.com)
        
       | novaRom wrote:
       | I believe this century we'll see a kind of Cambrian explosion of
       | life on our planet. Dinos and Unicorns, but also new more
       | practical species like special plants and trees for construction
       | materials.
       | 
       | Maybe Silicon-based nano machines are more adaptable in other
       | planets environments, but here on Earth, Carbon based nano robots
       | (living cells) is what evolved first naturally and what we will
       | improve/change very first time quite soon.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ampdepolymerase wrote:
         | We are very very far from doing anything large scale with these
         | sort of technologies. Most of the research mentioned in the
         | paper either cannot self replicate or requires significant
         | external manipulation to do anything useful (think EM fields,
         | sound waves). They are pretty typical for biomedical
         | engineering, they are not some major advancement in the realm
         | of science fiction.
         | 
         | The innovations mentioned are a good start but it is unclear
         | whether the current lines of research (bottom up engineering of
         | a cell via chemically engineering a cell membrane) will bear
         | fruit. They have some applications in carefully controlled
         | environments like for medicine but the technology itself would
         | not directly lead to the resurrection of dinosaurs. The
         | infamous _xenobots_ are basically overhyped. They primarily
         | rely on biophysics simulations to find candidates  "bots" that
         | are made by gluing together muscle cells. This is very far from
         | how traditional biology works. I know this forum is obsessed
         | with bioelectricity and the research came from the same labs
         | but in terms of practical applications it is highly doubtful
         | there will be any unless it can be combined with other
         | technology.
         | 
         | For true synthetic life, look into minimal cell projects that
         | start by reducing the number of genes in a cell to a minimal
         | number required for self replication (very similar to a program
         | reducer in CS). Other efforts would involve replacing the
         | traditional DNA ATCG nucleotides with other types of
         | nucleotides. The Central Dogma is called the _Central Dogma_
         | for a very good reason.
         | 
         | While I profoundly disagree with the claims made by the paper
         | with regards to xenobots and similar biomedical engineering
         | gimmicks, the rest of the overview is quite sound, especially
         | the areas on genetic circuits and organoids.
        
           | StandardFuture wrote:
           | > requires significant external manipulation to do anything
           | useful
           | 
           | It seems like artificial metabolic pathways research needs to
           | be an area where boundaries are pushed. It would be fairly
           | useful because it would generalize energy research as well.
           | 
           | > start by reducing the number of genes
           | 
           | Top down is status quo synth-bio. But, I found it interesting
           | that the new mRNA vaccines used the lipid nanoparticle
           | delivery mechanisms. It seems to be a sort of an early
           | success for bottom-up synth-bio.
           | 
           | > Central Dogma for a very good reason.
           | 
           | Which is why there are two approaches to "life". 1. what is
           | for all practical purposes, further variations on existing
           | biology 2. a much more profound and general definition of
           | what "life" even is, and the ability to generate lifeforms
           | (whatever that may mean) from just about anything - which may
           | or may not require anything analogous to the central dogma.
        
       | voakbasda wrote:
       | Mark my words, the day will come when we can grow our computers.
       | Caring for your systems and networks will be a biological affair.
       | Synthetic biology is at the stage of creating a transistor; the
       | biological equivalent of a 8086 will be the next step, and one I
       | have no doubt will be reached in my lifetime.
        
         | StandardFuture wrote:
         | Yes, and one day we will have biological "cars" that can behave
         | autonomously, avoid collisions, climb hills, cross shallow
         | rivers, pull storage carts behind them, operate on simple grass
         | consumption, be used in battle, and generate new cars through a
         | cheap replication process. The technology of the future will be
         | insane.
        
           | brosinante wrote:
           | H0RS3 by uber.
        
         | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
         | We used to grow our computers. "Computer" was a job title.
        
       | plutonorm wrote:
       | When will I be able to grow myself a new body of the opposite
       | sex? A long time it seems. But I very much think this is the
       | right direction of travel. Observing tissues and then trying to
       | model them in silicon is useful, but to really grok this you have
       | to tinker around and engineer tissues yourself. Magical and
       | wondrous medical technology awaits us in this direction. Crack
       | the bio-electric and chemotaxis code and you improve human life
       | immeasurably. God speed to the small band of people working in
       | this area.
        
       | ncfausti wrote:
       | I might be naive, but Michael Levin[1] is the type of scientist I
       | imagine when I think of the revolutionary scientists of the past.
       | It's quite refreshing to see such bold initiatives being
       | undertaken.
       | 
       | I'm curious to see who others see in a similar light, and what
       | they're working on.
       | 
       | [1] https://wyss.harvard.edu/team/associate-faculty/michael-
       | levi...
        
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