[HN Gopher] The Cognitive Style of Power Point (2003) [pdf]
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       The Cognitive Style of Power Point (2003) [pdf]
        
       Author : azalemeth
       Score  : 55 points
       Date   : 2021-05-29 15:23 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.inf.ed.ac.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.inf.ed.ac.uk)
        
       | agomez314 wrote:
       | Wonder if there is value in providing slide-less talks. Where the
       | speaker engages the audience and provides a written report with a
       | logical flow for deeper analysis if needed.
        
         | nerdponx wrote:
         | This is pretty much how good university lectures are conducted.
         | 
         | The instructor provides some "lecture notes" ahead of time
         | and/or some other assigned reading, then the lecture session
         | itself is more of an overview, discussion, and/or extended
         | worked example, with lots of classroom engagement.
         | 
         | However, it's more demanding on the audience this way. So it
         | depends on the purpose of the session.
        
           | neolog wrote:
           | Note this works only if the audience actually does the
           | homework in advance. I heard Amazon has people do the reading
           | at the start of the meeting?
        
       | loph wrote:
       | Pretty sure I bought this report for money about 15 years ago.
        
       | aj7 wrote:
       | PowerPoint's cognitive vagueness and thinness meet a fundamental
       | need. 95% of these presentations are done by individuals that
       | seriously lack the organizational POWER to deal with issues. So
       | they are often show and tell, directed so as not to offend or
       | usurp the power of the the highest ranking person in the room.
       | Marching orders are rarely given by PP presentations. "The boss
       | would like to see you and..."
        
       | ape4 wrote:
       | "We" like no slides in a presentation, plain text mail, markdown
       | for documents, RSS for news feeds, IRC for chat, Graphviz for
       | diagrams, ...
        
         | cosmojg wrote:
         | I don't know about you, but I certainly like all those things,
         | with some amount of flexibility of course. What are you trying
         | to communicate with the quotation marks around "we"?
        
           | ape4 wrote:
           | I was too lazy to find another word. I do prefer those things
           | too. Also RTF for documents. I guess I meant: it appears to
           | be the community consensus.
        
       | galaxyLogic wrote:
       | I wrote patent-application flow-diagrams with PowerPoint. It did
       | the job ok but maybe there are better tools for that too
        
       | _pmf_ wrote:
       | There's also this piece (paywalled) about the role of PowerPoint
       | in the making the second Iraq war happen:
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/27/world/27powerpoint.html
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | PowerPoint is a tool.
       | 
       | Like any tool, it can be used well, and serve its wielder, or it
       | can be used badly, where the wielder becomes it servant.
       | 
       | I've used PP and Keynote plenty. I prefer breaking away from
       | them, as soon as possible, but they are pretty good for helping
       | to establish a structured context to a class or presentation.
       | 
       | They just need to be used correctly.
       | 
       | I was just writing about Tufte (who is heavily cited by
       | everyone). He _loathes_ PowerPoint. He gives a pretty good class
       | on how to convey information without the usual PP pie chart BS.
       | 
       | Most of my presentations are actually kind of useless, if
       | provided as class resources. That's because they are simply
       | background props to what I'm saying.
        
       | rvilj wrote:
       | Interestingly, the example he uses about correlation isn't true:
       | 
       | > Probably the shortest true statement that can be made about
       | causality and correlation is "Empirically observed covariation is
       | a necessary but not sufficient condition for causality."
       | 
       | Correlation isn't necessary for causation, so ironically the
       | supposed mutilation used to fit on a PP slide - "Correlation is
       | not causation" - is actually far more correct.
       | 
       | The same mistake is also made in Kahneman, Sibony and Sunstein's
       | new book [1].
       | 
       | [1] https://twitter.com/economeager/status/1395791301627596806
        
         | djoldman wrote:
         | This depends on the exact definition of causation.
         | 
         | Arguably, causation is merely a human word for "A always
         | happens when B happens."
         | 
         | A causes B or vice versa is one of those things where it's true
         | until it isn't.
         | 
         | Causation is frequently used to mean that B will always occur
         | when A occurs. The problem is that no probability is truly
         | 100%.
        
           | rvilj wrote:
           | Even with that definition, you won't necessarily observe
           | correlation between A and B.
           | 
           | See the example used in the twitter thread I linked:
           | 
           | > Imagine driving a car, reaching a hill and pumping the gas
           | as you begin to go up so that your speed is constant. The
           | correlation between pressing on the gas and the speed of the
           | car is zero but they're obviously causally related, it's that
           | the agent is optimizing speed!
        
       | ypeterholmes wrote:
       | NASA blaming the Challenger tragedy on Powerpoint is pretty rich.
        
         | p_l wrote:
         | Not Challenger, but Columbia, and not on Powerpoint, but usage
         | of powerpoint in the organization leading to reduced visibility
         | of data meaning those who received such _reports_ didn 't get
         | the really important data.
        
       | skytreader wrote:
       | Whenever people complain of "death by Powerpoint", I remember
       | this article from Reader's Digest in the 2000s about the Carl
       | Hayden Community Highschool Robotics Team who upstaged no less
       | than MIT in competition.
       | 
       | In one part of the contest, the teams had to discuss their
       | design. One of the judges asked the Carl Hayden team why they had
       | no Powerpoint slides.
       | 
       | "Powerpoint is what you use when you don't know what to say,"
       | answered one of them without skipping a beat.
       | 
       | Ballsy, of course, but the subtext of the story was that the team
       | really had their hands full as they tried to punch above their
       | weight class. They knew what they were doing but there was no
       | shortage of opportunities for them to improvise and the
       | presentation was one such instance.
       | 
       | I was in high school when I read the piece and that's the line
       | that stuck with me. Since then I always made sure I know my
       | material, slideshow or no slideshow.
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | Pre-covid I always hated PowerPoint because I thought of it as an
       | especially inefficient way to store and transmit information. But
       | I have learned to appreciate it now that remote-interaction is
       | all via a screen anyway. It feels like a very natural
       | collaboration format - one screenful of information at a time.
        
       | spoonjim wrote:
       | Almost all of the deficiencies of PowerPoint typically complained
       | about are deficiencies of the speaker: the inability or
       | unwillingness to make compelling slides, or, very frequently,
       | trying to create one presentation which serves as a discussion
       | aid and a formal document of record -- about as likely to succeed
       | as engineering a device to land on Mars and explore the Mariana
       | Trench.
       | 
       | PowerPoint is just a two dimensional layout program -- criticisms
       | of the actual software would be around how easy it is to type
       | this kind of text, or align these kinds of objects, etc. I'm sure
       | thousands of such deficiencies exist but that's never what you
       | hear about.
        
         | lcuff wrote:
         | Hmmm ... In 1982 I heard a talk by Edsger Dijkstra given at my
         | company. As he stepped up to the overhead projector he said "I
         | asked for 20 feet of blackboard, and I got this ..."
         | 
         | As a (former) presenter, I found myself constantly struggling
         | to figure out how to get what I wanted to say onto a slide. I'm
         | going to say, I want a projector that can project on to a wall
         | 10 feet high (although I'd probably only use the top five feet)
         | and 15 feet across. I personally have bad eyes, and don't want
         | to resort to anything less than _really_ easy to read text
         | size. It 's not just powerpoint, but the physical
         | infrastructure that becomes standard support for powerpoint
         | that becomes the enemy of deep, complex ideas.
        
         | aj7 wrote:
         | No. Read the article again with an eye towards enforced
         | structure. A software package may not suitable for a task,
         | despite the efforts of the programmer.
        
         | deathanatos wrote:
         | Your point is directly addressed in the essay:
         | 
         | > _This makes one good point: responsibility for poor
         | presentations rests with the presenter. But it is more
         | complicated than that. PP has a distinctive, definite, well-
         | enforced, and widely-practiced cognitive style that is contrary
         | to serious thinking. PP actively facilitates the making of
         | lightweight presentations.
         | 
         | > _This essay reports evidence based on several thousand
         | slides, 5 case studies, and extensive quantitative comparisons
         | between PowerPoint and other methods of communicating
         | information. The results are clear:* some methods of
         | presentation are better than others. And PowerPoint is rarely a
         | good method. [...]
         | 
         | > _In this question, the tool metaphor does not provide
         | intellectual leverage. Some tools are better than others; some
         | poor performances are the fault of the tool. Saying that the
         | problem is with the user rather than the tool blames the
         | victims of PP (audience, content, presenter)._
         | 
         | > _Nearly all the evidence of the essay suggests that there is
         | inherent defect in PowerPoint, unless one advances the
         | entertaining alternative hypothesis that nearly all PP users
         | are lightweights and nearly all users of other methods are not.
         | This is not the case; PP has inherent defect._
        
           | spoonjim wrote:
           | But most people who for example, give a wedding speech, also
           | do a terrible job. Essentially, most people are uncompelling
           | speakers.
        
             | azalemeth wrote:
             | At my grandmother's funeral, a family friend from South
             | Africa (who I hadn't seen since I was ~5) gave a speech --
             | I'd forgotten that he was a retired university lecturer. It
             | was one of the most powerful, beautiful pieces of oratory I
             | have ever heard: he told the story of her life in South
             | Africa (where she was born) in a way that was new to me, my
             | mother, and utterly captivated a spellbound church.
             | 
             | This point -- that, by comparison at least, most people are
             | uncompelling speakers -- is something that bears repeating.
        
         | prionassembly wrote:
         | > I'm sure thousands of such deficiencies exist but that's
         | never what you hear about.
         | 
         | Maybe as a side-effect of telemetry, the usability of
         | PowerPoint and Excel unceasingly improves, to the point that
         | it's impossible to compete with the former.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | >trying to create one presentation which serves as a discussion
         | aid and a formal document of record
         | 
         | It can depend on the context. A presentation that I'll give at
         | an event is mostly fairly worthless as a leave-behind. It has
         | relatively few words and is graphically rich. On the other
         | hand, I sit through a lot of presentations at work where the
         | slides basically _are_ a document (in a form that a lot of
         | people find more digestible than a standard text document). And
         | if the speaker is good, they 'll spend their interactive time
         | hitting what they think are some of the highlights. I don't
         | have any real problem with that.
         | 
         | One of the nice side effects is that if someone skims a slide
         | of particular interest to them and they see something
         | confusing/interesting, they can ask the speaker about it even
         | if the speaker didn't bring it up.
        
           | JJMcJ wrote:
           | > if the speaker is good
           | 
           | Some do good jobs.
           | 
           | Others just read the bullet points.
           | 
           | On the other hand, the bullet points require at least a bit
           | of organization, unlike the stream of consciousness drivel
           | that too many "planning documents" seem to exhibit.
        
         | tonyedgecombe wrote:
         | I've just finished Robert Gaskins book on the early history of
         | PowerPoint.
         | 
         | He makes this exact point however I'm inclined to disagree.
         | Trying to convey complex information using PowerPoint is like
         | consuming all your meals through a straw.
        
       | sys_64738 wrote:
       | Slides help to drive the discussion and convey relevant
       | information. The slides are meant is bullet points to allow deep
       | dive in whatever direction is desirable. Open discussion without
       | structure simply leads to ratholing and consumption of the entire
       | meeting slot.
        
       | j4yav wrote:
       | Slides are terrible in most situations. I have found it is better
       | to edit a document together, if you need to share your screen at
       | all. Then the source of truth is updated automatically as the
       | meeting outcome and there isn't a proliferation of decks each
       | with part of the big picture.
        
       | rhema wrote:
       | I (and my co-authors) published a paper that was highly-
       | influenced by this work
       | https://ecologylab.net/research/publications/mache_present.p... .
       | It argues for more dynamic (Prezi) like presentations. I think
       | Tufte is not as much of an academic as people tend to think, but
       | he has fantastic intuition.
        
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