[HN Gopher] Persian legends and their Western counterparts (2020)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Persian legends and their Western counterparts (2020)
        
       Author : diodorus
       Score  : 125 points
       Date   : 2021-05-26 02:31 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.tor.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.tor.com)
        
       | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
       | >> While poring over Persian myths and legends for my upcoming
       | novel, Girl, Serpent, Thorn, I was always delightfully surprised
       | whenever I came across a story that sounded familiar to me from
       | my western upbringing.
       | 
       | Here, the author of the article is advertising her book. I see
       | this very often- I'm reading an article on an online publication
       | and the author suddendly and more or less surreptitiously inserts
       | a reference to the latest book they have published and that is
       | currently being sold.
       | 
       | I confess I find this a bit annoying, especially when the subject
       | of the book is unrelated to the subject of the article. I
       | understand that authors must take every opportunity to promote
       | their work, exactly in the same way as everyone else [1].
       | 
       | What I wonder is, is this something that authors are asked to do
       | by agents or publishers? Or is it something an author decides
       | upon him or herself? Is it more common for an author to advertise
       | their recently published books in an article they write, or is it
       | more common not to?
       | 
       | _______________________
       | 
       | Here's my latest published paper:
       | 
       | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10994-020-05945-w
        
         | autarch wrote:
         | This is published on tor.com. Tor is a publisher of SF/F books.
         | The author wrote an SF/F book for Flatiron Books, a publisher
         | with the same parent company, Macmillan. So clearly this
         | article is part of her book's marketing.
        
           | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
           | So you believe she was asked to do it by her publisher? I
           | agree it's likely. I also wonder whether this is a common
           | thing that is done in the publishing industry.
        
             | autarch wrote:
             | > So you believe she was asked to do it by her publisher?
             | 
             | Yes, almost certainly. It seems like a smart way to get the
             | author and her book in front of more eyes, and it seems to
             | have worked, since we're talking about it here!
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | Smart, aware of how the market works, self promoter author
         | would do it naturally - otherwise publisher would ask them to
         | do it.
        
       | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
       | > The story of a father killing his son is found in other tales
       | in the west, perhaps most famously in Arthurian legend.
       | 
       | Also:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible_and_His_Son_...
       | 
       | and:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titus_Manlius_Imperiosus_Torqu...
       | 
       | P.S.
       | 
       | > the Celtic story of Tristan and Isolde ... where the young man
       | goes off and marries someone else for a while before returning to
       | his true love.
       | 
       | Now that I see it summarized, I'm surprised the British tabloids
       | did not latch on to it ... probably too obscure a source, lacking
       | a movie to drive it.
        
         | kowlo wrote:
         | Rostam and Sohrab.... tragic
         | 
         | fun art
         | https://i.pinimg.com/originals/e4/f4/08/e4f40806a8afb57fd661...
        
         | JasonFruit wrote:
         | Like, for example, an _entire opera by Wagner_ ...
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | And it's probably emotional/biological.. even star wars had a
         | son/father struggle. Who coined the metaphorical 'killing
         | father' concept ?
        
           | handrous wrote:
           | Oedipus is an early one. What, 350-400BCE? Somewhere around
           | there? [spoilers?] Oedipus is prophesied to kill his father
           | and marry his mother, so runs off trying to avoid this
           | horrible fate, but makes the rookie mistake of killing some
           | rando old enough to be his dad (surprise! He was!) and then
           | marrying a lady old enough to be his mom (surprise! She was!)
           | 
           | Though that's more of a _literal_ "killing father" than a
           | metaphorical one, I guess.
           | 
           | Then of course there's the story of how the core Greek
           | pantheon comes to be, which features patricide _very_
           | prominently and probably dates, in something resembling the
           | form we know it, to ~800BCE, and possibly much older in
           | cultures that influenced the Greeks.
           | 
           | [EDIT] I can't recall anything like that in the ~1800-2000BCE
           | Gilgamesh, but there may be something. I remember that one
           | having _a lot_ more mommy issues than daddy issues.
        
             | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
             | Well each culture has its own quirks which changes how
             | often you see a particular story. Greek culture held that
             | the Gods saw "blood crime" as the worst thing imaginable,
             | so you get a lot of mythic story arcs around it. For later
             | Western European cultures, killing your kin just means
             | you're taking initiative.
        
               | JasonFruit wrote:
               | > killing your kin just means you're taking initiative
               | 
               | Well, that's a lot less true once you get outside the
               | upper classes where succession based on descent was a way
               | to wealth and power.
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | It's funny how I didn't appreciate the depth of oedipus.
             | Younger I read it like a thriller.. with a big plot twist.
             | Not as an existential metaphor about inner desires, love
             | bonds and family ties.
        
       | ArtWomb wrote:
       | Not Persian mythos (which is an endless fountain of joy), but I
       | recently stumbled upon an Ur-source of Ancient Greek transmission
       | to Modern Europe: Ibn Tufail's Improvement of Human Reason. From
       | the first page one can feel its resonance and shocking modernity.
       | From Galileo through Newton and von Humboldt down to the modern
       | philosophical novels of Sartre and Camus ;)
       | 
       | https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/16831
        
       | camjohnson26 wrote:
       | If the idea of common motifs through different cultures and
       | mythologies interests you I highly recommend this 6 part
       | interview with Joseph Campbell, who was the author of "The Hero
       | with 1000 Faces" and an expert in the field.
       | 
       | Joseph Campbell and The Power of Myth with Bill Moyers.
        
         | Mediterraneo10 wrote:
         | While Joseph Campbell (who was not an actual "expert in the
         | field" for most of what he wrote about) has a big reputation
         | among the public because he wrote books directed towards a
         | popular audience, and e.g. George Lucas's praise of his work
         | for _Star Wars_ guaranteed him renown, he is not taken very
         | seriously by actual specialists on folklore and anthropology.
         | IMO, citing him does more harm than good.
        
           | drknownuffin wrote:
           | My understanding from my readings in the field of mythology
           | is that the parent post is precisely correct: Campbell was an
           | enthusiastic amateur who did a whole bunch of cherry-picking
           | to suit his passionate holding-forth on the topics, but
           | without systematic study.
           | 
           | If he was alive today, he (still) wouldn't be a PhD, but he'd
           | have a YT channel, a vigorously active twitter page, and
           | maybe have penned a couple of D&D modules.
        
           | turadg wrote:
           | What authors or works would you recommend instead?
        
             | gen220 wrote:
             | The difficulty with folklore is that it's so intensely
             | regional and period-specific, and that no real "canon"
             | exists for most regions and times, especially when you're
             | reaching back into pre-christianity folklore.
             | 
             | This is the mistake that Campbell made. He thought you
             | could unify folklore with some psychological frameworks.
             | But you can't, unless you're employing gratuitous selection
             | bias, which he did.
             | 
             | So it depends what you're interested in! I've personally
             | found it most fun to find some culture I'm incidentally
             | connected to, with a long literary history, and try to find
             | the earliest transcriptions and translations of stories
             | that I can.
             | 
             | If you're interested in some region and time in particular,
             | somebody here can probably help get you started.
        
               | drknownuffin wrote:
               | I second this statement.
               | 
               | Russian Folk Belief by Ivanits is a good one.
        
         | jk7tarYZAQNpTQa wrote:
         | > Joseph Campbell and The Power of Myth with Bill Moyers
         | 
         | https://archive.org/details/josephcampbellandthepowerofmyth0...
        
       | orlandohill wrote:
       | The creator of Prince of Persia, Jordan Mechner, has recently
       | adapted the ancient Persian tale, Samak the Ayyar.
       | 
       |  _Samak, a rogue with the skills of a ninja and the ideals of a
       | knight, leads his band of ayyars in a thrilling adventure of
       | secret missions, battlefield heroics, love and intrigue. A
       | masterpiece of Persia's thousand-year-old oral storytelling
       | tradition, Samak the Ayyar is a vivid glimpse into the enchanting
       | world that inspired Prince of Persia._
       | 
       | http://jordanmechner.com/samak/
        
       | monkeybutton wrote:
       | Does anyone have a recommendation for English translated
       | collections of Persian folklore and mythology?
        
         | jk7tarYZAQNpTQa wrote:
         | The Shahnameh is a good start. IIRC there's a high quality
         | bilingual (English and Persian) version of it, with drawings
         | and all. If you prefer it in podcast version, Mazandercast [1]
         | spends a few minutes of each episode to narrate it. The rest of
         | the episode is spent explaining traditions, festivities, etc. A
         | good podcast if you're interested in overall Persian culture
         | and history.
         | 
         | Of course another good book is "One Thousand and One Nights".
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://open.spotify.com/show/4wOrW7rq5g4HZpSbi3nvwl?si=Ft_t...
        
           | monkeybutton wrote:
           | Thank you! What got me interested in the first place was
           | seeing some pages of the Shahnameh on display at the Aga Khan
           | Museum in Toronto:
           | https://agakhanmuseum.org/collection/artifact/isfandiyar-
           | kil...
        
       | OnlyMortal wrote:
       | It's not surprising that the tales are similar. It's not like
       | Persia was disconnected from the Greeks, Egyptians or even the
       | Romans.
       | 
       | I imagine a good tale went in all directions. The epic of
       | Gilgamesh been an obvious candidate.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | geijoenr wrote:
         | Comparative mythology is a field of study. Is is well known
         | there are common Indo-European roots for many myths that are
         | similar across a number of cultures and religions, including
         | Norse one.
        
           | geijoenr wrote:
           | see, for instance: Etude de mythologie comparee indo-
           | europenne from Georges Dumezil
        
           | OnlyMortal wrote:
           | TIL. It's an interesting subject, for sure, given we
           | incorrectly generally consider ancient peoples isolated.
           | 
           | It's obviously untrue given Alexander The Great and the
           | peoples who traversed the Mediterranean, like the
           | Phoenicians.
           | 
           | As for Northern Europe, I understand that a Buddha was dug up
           | in a Swedish Viking era burial site.
           | 
           | My point been, some people travelled far for trading reasons.
        
             | lioeters wrote:
             | > a Buddha was dug up in a Swedish Viking era burial site
             | 
             | Fascinating, it's the first time I've heard of this.
             | 
             | The Helgo Treasure: A Viking Age Buddha -
             | http://irisharchaeology.ie/2013/12/the-helgo-treasure-a-
             | viki...
             | 
             | > A remarkable collection of religious items sourced from
             | diverse lands was discovered during archaeological
             | excavations on the Swedish island of Helgo.
             | 
             | > Discovered close together, these artefacts included a
             | Buddha from the Indian sub-continent, an elaborate crozier-
             | head from Ireland and a bronze ladle from North-Africa.
             | 
             | > ..[T]he most extraordinary find..was a small, bronze
             | Buddha. This devotional figure dates from circa the 6th
             | century AD and was probably made in Kashmir, on the
             | Pakistan/India border.
             | 
             | > The Buddha has a silver urna on his forehead, symbolizing
             | the third eye, while the ears have long lobes, the insignia
             | of royalty. He sits in a meditative pose upon a double
             | lotus throne, the latter representing purity. The Buddha
             | probably arrived in Helgo via Swedish merchants whose
             | eastern trade routes were concentrated along Russian rivers
             | such as the Volga.
        
       | danidiaz wrote:
       | I recently read and enjoyed "Haft Peykar" by the poet Nizami.
       | Although I guess that much of its original beauty is lost in
       | translation, some the language and imagery remain striking
       | nonetheless.
       | 
       | One of the stories-within-the-story is the original source of
       | Puccini's "Turandot".
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizami_Ganjavi#Haft_Peykar
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | As some of the comments in the article point out, some of the
       | commonalities may because the legends may be referencing older
       | Indo-European legends which both European and Persian cultures
       | have in common.
       | 
       | In addition, especially after 300 BC, with the conquests of
       | Alexander the Great, Greek culture spread throughout much of the
       | region. The Parthians were actually very much fans of Greek
       | culture.
        
         | geraneum wrote:
         | The book "Shahname", translated to "The Book of Kings" which is
         | referenced in the article is not the first occurrence of these
         | legends and mythologies. They are a collection made of much
         | older folklore stories. While you can find Iranian girls
         | nowadays named "Helia" or "Atena" which came from greek (a
         | testament to Greek influence) but these legends date back to
         | before the Greek invasion. But yes, as you mentioned, they run
         | deep in Indo-European cultures.
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | And in cultures that were adjacent to them. Check out the
           | "Nart sagas", oral sagas recorded by the northwest Caucasian
           | language speakers who were neighbours of the Yamnaya/proto-
           | Indo-Europeans. Their sagas have lots of elements with huge
           | overlap with classic Indo-European stories.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-05-27 23:01 UTC)