[HN Gopher] GCHQ's mass data-sharing violated right to privacy, ...
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       GCHQ's mass data-sharing violated right to privacy, court rules
        
       Author : robin_reala
       Score  : 197 points
       Date   : 2021-05-25 10:09 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | boomboomsubban wrote:
       | I find it strange that they ruled it was fine to give illegally
       | collected information to America. Maybe I'm missing some of the
       | finer details, but it seems like they're kowtowing to the US with
       | that.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | It's just acceptance that US and UK are now joined at the hip,
         | when it comes to security.
        
           | boomboomsubban wrote:
           | This ruling is extending that attachment to all of Europe
           | though. I figured they'd at least put up a show of denying
           | it, but the ruling seems to publicly say all of Europe can do
           | whatever the US intelligence agencies want.
        
         | ianpurton wrote:
         | I guess that would be a 2 way street.
        
         | notyourday wrote:
         | It's a charade. I will pay attention when those that
         | participated in both deciding to do it and doing it go to
         | prison.
        
       | 1cvmask wrote:
       | Edward Snowden exposed the world's largest surveillance state. It
       | seems most of us are comfortable with it. The Chinese are
       | following in our footsteps and they are about two generations
       | away from the mass global surveillance that the NSA (and
       | partners) conduct.
       | 
       | Remember it was our global surveillance dragnet that made us have
       | Nelson Mandela (and other blacks) arrested.
       | 
       | https://www.npr.org/2016/05/16/478272695/retired-cia-agent-c...
       | 
       | The NSA also conducted surveillance (illegally but they were not
       | white) on homegrown black leaders (considered
       | communists/terrorists/traitors by the white US government) like
       | Muhammad Ali and Martin Luther King:
       | 
       | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-24279394
       | 
       | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/26/nsa-surveillan...
        
         | daniellarusso wrote:
         | I was talking to a colleague about TIA, and he was not
         | familiar.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_Information_Awareness
         | 
         | Not sure if this was the inspiration for 'Person of Interest'
         | tv series.
        
           | 1cvmask wrote:
           | If you want to go down the rabbit hole on the history and
           | pervasiveness of the surveillance state, its media propaganda
           | arms and the torture and drugging of US citizens:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Committee
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Mockingbird
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_MKUltra
        
             | cassianoleal wrote:
             | And if you want to dip your toes a little outside of "US
             | citizens":
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Condor
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | The School of the Americas is pretty disgusting too.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Hemisphere_Institut
               | e_f...
        
           | QuesnayJr wrote:
           | Interesting question. Apparently the answer is yes.
           | 
           | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-
           | institution/how-t...
        
         | abecedarius wrote:
         | > It seems most of us are comfortable with it.
         | 
         | That doesn't quite follow. There are lots of issues where lots
         | of people, even a supermajority, disagree with the status quo
         | for a very long time. Motion seems to depend on it becoming a
         | partisan or culture-war issue. If neither 'side' sees an
         | immediate prospect of wielding an issue against the other, the
         | problem stays a "yeah it sucks but what can you do?" kind of
         | thing.
         | 
         | (Yes that's compatible with many people actually being comfy
         | with it. I'm objecting to the "most of us" part.)
        
         | throwaway292893 wrote:
         | This comment downplays the CCPs authoritarian regime. It
         | matters what you do with the surveillance (Uighur genocide).
         | 
         | In many ways China's tracking is much more intrusive. Noone
         | should spy on its citizens, but at least you have trials in the
         | West.
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | The US imprisons its ethnic minorities in inhumane camps
           | (where torture in the form of extended stays in the SHU is
           | not only legal but routine, as well as the same forced
           | sterilizations) at a rate 17x higher (per capita) than China
           | does, FWIW.
           | 
           | https://talkpoverty.org/2017/08/23/u-s-still-forcibly-
           | steril...
           | 
           | It does matter what you do with the surveillance.
           | 
           | Senior DEA officials say they use warrantless mass
           | surveillance to perform parallel construction "almost daily",
           | according to Reuters.
           | 
           | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-dea-sod-
           | idUSBRE97409R2013...
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_construction
           | 
           | Trials are mostly for show, as the actual source of the
           | evidence in these kinds of cases is completely illegal under
           | the US constitution, and the evidence admitted and used in
           | the sham trials is actually inadmissible under the rules of
           | evidence ("fruit of the poison tree").
           | 
           | From the Reuters article above:
           | 
           | > _The undated documents show that federal agents are trained
           | to "recreate" the investigative trail to effectively cover up
           | where the information originated, a practice that some
           | experts say violates a defendant's Constitutional right to a
           | fair trial._
        
             | throwaway292893 wrote:
             | Complete FUD. Nice article full of nothing to distract
             | though. There are millions of Uighurs in concentration
             | camps right now, sterilized, raped, beaten.
             | 
             | https://www.saveuighur.org/camps/
             | 
             | I don't know if you are part of the 50 cent army, but your
             | talking points mirror them.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | It's very well documented:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_incarc
               | era...
        
               | throwaway292893 wrote:
               | So is the Uighur genocide, lets be angry about it all.
               | 
               | The difference is, the Uighurs only crime is being
               | ethnic, there are other things at play with incarceration
               | numbers.
               | 
               | All races are incarcerated, only Uighurs are rounded up
               | and sent to their own special work camps with no crime
               | needed.
               | 
               | You're trying to compare prison with concentration camps,
               | that's FUD.
        
               | 1cvmask wrote:
               | We don't care about it anywhere when we pay and commit
               | it. In fact we give the leaders who commit multiple
               | genocides Nobel Peace Prizes.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | I agree, but we can do a lot more about it in the places
               | we have political authority, so long as we don't dismiss
               | the very real threat to millions of US minorities of
               | torture, forced sterilization, and a lifetime of
               | stigmatization as "complete FUD".
               | 
               | People who don't compare US prisons (where overcrowding,
               | rape, physical and psychological abuse, poor medical
               | care, lack of hygiene supplies, and torture are
               | completely routine) to concentration camps are ignorant
               | of the realities of the situation.
        
             | matheusmoreira wrote:
             | There's also the fact it seems to be routine for
             | prosecutors to offer deals to people where they just plead
             | guilty straight up in return for lighter sentencing. I can
             | only wonder how many innocent people take this deal.
        
           | 1cvmask wrote:
           | We have held people (including Uyghurs) in Guantanamo bay
           | without trials or being charged for up to and over 18 years.
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/2020/09/30/918454831/trial-of-
           | sept-11-de...
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/31/uighur-men-
           | lea...
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyghur_detainees_at_Guantanamo.
           | ..
        
             | throwaway292893 wrote:
             | Because they were terrorists, we didn't hold 3 million of
             | them in gitmo simply because they were ethnic minorities.
             | 
             | Orders of magnitudes in difference.
             | 
             | Holding a few dozen suspected terrorists !== holding 3
             | million people (nearly an entire race)
             | 
             | You can justify there may be proof for those few alleged
             | jihads. You cannot reasonably prove those 3 million people
             | are all terrorists.
             | 
             | Where are the cries to shut down these camps like there
             | were cries to shut down Gitmo?
        
               | 1cvmask wrote:
               | They were alleged terrorists. They were released after
               | they were found to not be terrorists. Otherwise they
               | would still be in captivity I suppose.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | China's justification for holding Uyghurs is that they
               | are terrorists, with a similar amount of evidence
               | provided as for Guantanamo detainees.
        
               | MagnumOpus wrote:
               | Orders of magnitude. While both strain credulity, it is
               | more plausible to take a government at its word for 300
               | people than for 3 million.
               | 
               | Plausibly it could be the case that there are 100 wrongly
               | imprisoned people in Camp X-Ray without legal recourse...
               | But equally plausibly there are at the very least
               | 1,000,000 wrongly imprisoned people in the Uyghurstan
               | concentration camps, with thousands added every day...
        
               | atatatat wrote:
               | A good chunk of Twitter et al.
               | 
               | Where are _you_?
        
         | igravious wrote:
         | > Edward Snowden exposed the world's largest surveillance
         | state. It seems most of us are comfortable with it. The Chinese
         | are following in our footsteps and they are about two
         | generations away from the mass global surveillance that the NSA
         | (and partners) conduct.
         | 
         | It's unclear whether most of us are comfortable with it. I know
         | that I personally feel fairly powerless and helpless and unsure
         | as to what to do in the face of it,
         | 
         | Regarding your statement about the Chinese following in the
         | footsteps of the Five Eyes, wouldn't you say that is pure
         | speculation?
         | 
         | > Remember it was our global surveillance dragnet that made us
         | have Nelson Mandela (and other blacks) arrested.
         | 
         | I think it's important to maintain a distinction between the
         | normal so-called spy-craft that led to Mandela's arrest in 1962
         | to which that NPR article refers and the global surveillance
         | dragnet which Snowden brought to light. There's no suggestion
         | in that NPR article that it was wire-tapping which provided
         | information as to Mandela's whereabouts.
         | 
         | > he NSA also conducted surveillance (illegally but they were
         | not white) on homegrown black leaders (considered
         | communists/terrorists/traitors by the white US government) like
         | Muhammad Ali and Martin Luther King:
         | 
         | The BBC article you link to says this: "The agency eavesdropped
         | on civil rights leaders Martin Luther King and Whitney Young as
         | well as boxing champion Muhammad Ali, New York Times journalist
         | Tom Wicker and Washington Post columnist Art Buchwald." Tom
         | Wicker and Art Buchwald are white by the looks of it - so I'm
         | not sure why you're trying to crowbar the US's race issue into
         | a topic which is not about race (it's about class struggle and
         | power).
        
       | azalemeth wrote:
       | In many ways this ruling does not go far enough.
       | 
       | > The court said it had identified three "fundamental
       | deficiencies" in the regime. They were that
       | 
       | > bulk interception had been authorised by the secretary of
       | state, and not by a body independent of the executive;
       | 
       | > that categories of search terms defining the kinds of
       | communications that would become liable for examination had not
       | been included in the application for a warrant;
       | 
       | > and that search terms linked to an individual (that is to say
       | specific identifiers such as an email address) had not been
       | subject to prior internal authorisation.
       | 
       | Out of _everything_ that Snowden revealed -- the fact that
       | _effectively everything_ transmitted electronically from one
       | human being to another on this planet ended up in the hands of
       | five-eyes; including how the US and UK used each others' rules to
       | snoop on each others' citizens without oversight -- how is it the
       | case that the court only finds that the problems are:
       | 
       | (1) the wrong civil servant authorised the snooping;
       | 
       | (2) the paperwork did not specify that the types of electronic
       | communication examined would be e.g. "email" (which is a valid
       | search term!);
       | 
       | and (3) finally, the one with teeth, the fact that investigators
       | should have _some vague idea about what they are looking for_
       | before they start searching.
       | 
       | I don't know about you, but I'm not reassured by this ruling.
       | This isn't an issue for the political parties in any nation, as
       | far as I can tell, and I don't quite understand why. We have a
       | right to privacy -- let's use it! At the very least, I wish more
       | people would use GPG. (And yes, Mac GPG mail is actually pretty
       | good and usable. I just have nobody listening on the other side).
        
         | twic wrote:
         | On (1), the Secretary of State is not a civil servant, that
         | term means a government minister. The point is that the
         | interception should have been authorised by someone who is not
         | part of the government. I don't know who they think that should
         | be - ideally it would be a judge, but often in the UK this
         | stuff can be authorised by a senior police officer, etc. It
         | might end up being the Investigatory Powers Commissioner, who
         | is basically a rubber stamp:
         | 
         | https://wiki.openrightsgroup.org/wiki/Investigatory_Powers_C...
        
           | azalemeth wrote:
           | Oh, I know that the Secretary of State is not (officially) a
           | civil servant. Both are indeed part of government. But as you
           | rightly point out, the person that they do get to
           | independently assess this is overwhelmingly likely to agree
           | to whatever the executive wants: it will be a rubber stamp
           | and thus an approval in all but name from the Secretary of
           | State. I very much doubt that if you found yourself in that
           | job saying 'no' a lot, you'd be in a position to keep it for
           | much longer.
        
             | colinb wrote:
             | Perhaps, but isn't it received truth that "Yes Minister"
             | means no, except if the minister is feeling "brave", or
             | perhaps "courageous"?
        
             | twic wrote:
             | Just be absolutely clear for anyone reading, the secretary
             | of state in this case is the home secretary, currently
             | Priti Patel:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priti_Patel
             | 
             | She is a Conservative party politician who was elected as
             | an MP, and then appointed to the home office by the prime
             | minister, who is also a Conservative party politician and
             | MP. She is not "not (officially) a civil servant", she is
             | an elected politician.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | UK court rulings don't actually affect UK security agencies.
       | They're immune from consequences.
       | 
       | With no poison tree doctrine, we are one of the few places where
       | illegally collected evidence CAN (and is) used in courts.
       | 
       | :(
        
         | bloak wrote:
         | I think I read the claim somewhere else on HN very recently
         | that the "fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine" is US-only.
         | 
         | In my opinion courts should be allowed to use all relevant
         | evidence. Deliberately causing a miscarriage of justice is not
         | the right way to punish a different person for having broken a
         | different law.
        
           | LatteLazy wrote:
           | The problem with this is that you then need another way to
           | stop police etc breaking the law.
        
           | gjvnq wrote:
           | Brazil also adopts the _fruit of the poisonous tree
           | doctrine_.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCpL45_2pOA
           | 
           | However, a recent case clarified that ilicit evidence/proof
           | may be used in favour fo the defense. (Lula and the leaked
           | Moro messages)
        
       | raxxorrax wrote:
       | It is not that such a ruling would have any effect aside that
       | legislator retrospectively allow such privacy transgression and
       | see no problem with that.
        
       | alfiedotwtf wrote:
       | Time and time again Five Eyes have shown that they will do
       | whatever they wish "in the name of national security" and nobody
       | will be punished. That's why we cannot rely on laws that will be
       | "worked around either through legal interpretations or FVEY-
       | shoring the work", and _must_ insist that systems from 2021 and
       | beyond are built with end-to-end security in mind.
       | 
       | Gone are the days of "the government may be listening" as it's
       | now "we definitely know they are listening, recording, indexing,
       | searching, and parallel reconstructing". We must start treating
       | _everything_ as compromised and actively develop against all
       | threats... because if we don 't, then we need to swallow the
       | bitter pill and accept that state surveillance is not only
       | actively used, but it's going to be actively used against us, and
       | we should stop complaining about it.
        
       | linuxftw wrote:
       | It's a clever trap we're caught in. We have to rely on 'courts'
       | to 'rule' to decide basic rights for us like privacy. Every once
       | in a while, the courts throw us peasants a bone, to keep the
       | system looking legitimate.
       | 
       | You see, the government didn't perform the necessary rituals to
       | deny your rights, and the courts have been clear: the government
       | needs to 'vote' and say something about 'the children' before
       | they take your rights. Of course, that's only if the courts
       | decide to hear your case, which is dependent upon the government
       | saying the court is allowed to hear your case.
       | 
       | Just keep working through the system, it's working!
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | And if you stop trusting the system and decide to make a new
         | one. you're branded a terrorist and executed.
        
       | typon wrote:
       | Seeing Snowden still exiled in Russia...the entire system is so
       | incredibly corrupt. It's practically vindictive at this point -
       | setting an example of what happens when you expose the truth.
        
         | cronix wrote:
         | > setting an example of what happens when you expose the truth.
         | 
         | Snowden came after several others who were persecuted by the US
         | Govt. Some even had their doors kicked in and guns pointed at
         | their faces while they were in the shower. Check out what they
         | did to NSA's Bill Binney, who ran COMINT for the NSA and was
         | talking about the programs used to collect data before 9/11,
         | and after. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3owk7vEEOvs
         | 
         | Bradley Manning (now Chelsea) and Tom Drake (NSA) also had some
         | interesting things to say. Here's a good interview with Drake
         | and his lawyer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mEq42BDBVWk
         | 
         | It was actually because of how these other whistleblower cases
         | were handled being the reason why Snowden went to the press
         | instead of followed in their footsteps and reporting up the
         | chain of command.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | Given the bulk interception capabilities of countries on their
       | own citizens the irony is they justify the powers because they
       | _don 't_ use them? (except they do, just not to support the
       | country) The whole enterprise is illigitimate.
       | 
       | Early in my career in security (many years pre-Snowden) I thought
       | Echelon was a fun conspiracy theory and it was really just
       | something less extreme with good people doing important work. I
       | do not anymore. Our societies should find a way to put an end to
       | these agencies peacefully, not unlike nuclear test bans and
       | disarmament.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | _> Our societies should find a way to put an end to these
         | agencies peacefully_
         | 
         | The reality is that the world is a bad place and these agencies
         | are a necessary evil. When they fail in their duties, we have
         | things like the Manchester Arena bombing, Charlie Hebdo, and so
         | on and so forth.
         | 
         | This does not mean they should be free to run amok, like GCHQ
         | obviously has for decades now. There should be checks and
         | balances, which are sorely lacking at the moment.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | motohagiography wrote:
           | The second greatest trick evil ever played on us was to
           | convince us that it was necessary. They have become too
           | powerful to not be held responsible and the order they were
           | ostensibly intended to preserve has disintegrated as a direct
           | consequence of their failure to allow it to evolve naturally,
           | imo.
           | 
           | Their capabilities and their influences on our own democratic
           | processes are about as welcome as leftover minefields from
           | forgotten conflicts, especially as many of them retire to
           | write memoirs and mug for television presenters. They were a
           | 20th century artifact of the nation state (which they have
           | forfeited) and by all popular accounts now they seem to form
           | a kind of seedy post-national shadow government engaged in
           | protecting sympathetic capital flows. As ever it was,
           | perhaps, but we shouldn't be arguing about whether or not
           | their behavior is appropriate so much as whether we should
           | tolerate their continued existence at all.
           | 
           | Of course they're an easy straw man, but being the key source
           | of deception in the world is neither necessary or
           | sympathetic.
        
           | atatatat wrote:
           | Yeah, disagree. You cannot stop chaos with bulk surveillance.
           | 
           | Can't even get close, and slay human rights, and therefore
           | humanity, in the process.
           | 
           | See: China.
        
         | ganzuul wrote:
         | > Our societies should find a way to put an end to these
         | agencies peacefully, not unlike nuclear test bans and
         | disarmament.
         | 
         | The scientific community needs to wrest control from the
         | spooks, IMO. Until we do democracy is make-believe.
        
       | piokoch wrote:
       | So, basically court decided that this violation is in general OK
       | and not a big deal at all:
       | 
       | "In order to minimise the risk of the bulk interception power
       | being abused, the court considers that the process must be
       | subject to 'end-to-end safeguards', meaning that, at the domestic
       | level, an assessment should be made at each stage of the process
       | of the necessity and proportionality of the measures being taken;
       | that bulk interception should be subject to independent
       | authorisation at the outset, when the object and scope of the
       | operation are being defined; and that the operation should be
       | subject to supervision and independent ex post facto
       | (retrospective) review."
       | 
       | GCHQ cannot be happier seeing "end-to-end safeguards", "necessity
       | and proportionality", "independent authorisation". So many
       | additional employees will be needed to apply "safeguards" (that
       | we will need to make sure look great on paper), budget will have
       | to be extend to pay all those "independent" authorizators. And
       | what is sweeter than nice "necessity" proof in the days when
       | almost anybody can turn overnight to be terrorist because of some
       | twit.
       | 
       | Why the court couldn't just say: this was illegal, all data has
       | to be deleted until X, next time you want to do this, get a court
       | order, as courts are those independent authorizators in all
       | countries that follow Montesquieu's separation of powers system.
        
       | waheoo wrote:
       | > sharing sensitive digital intelligence with foreign governments
       | was not illegal.
       | 
       | Maybe it's time it should be.
        
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       (page generated 2021-05-25 23:02 UTC)