[HN Gopher] Tim Cook's Fortnite trial testimony was unexpectedly...
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       Tim Cook's Fortnite trial testimony was unexpectedly revealing
        
       Author : rjzzleep
       Score  : 304 points
       Date   : 2021-05-23 09:02 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theverge.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theverge.com)
        
       | sroussey wrote:
       | Apple should line item the 30% charge on the bill, not have it
       | hidden.
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | _" While Rogers' questions don't necessarily indicate how she'll
       | rule"_
       | 
       | Really? Here's some quotes from her:
       | 
       |  _"The gaming industry seems to be generating a disproportionate
       | amount of money to the IP you're giving them and everyone else"_
       | 
       |  _"You don't have competition in those in-app purchases,
       | though,"_
       | 
       |  _"It doesn't seem to me that you feel any pressure or
       | competition to actually change the manner in which you act to
       | address the concerns of developers"_
       | 
       | I suppose that doesn't say exactly how she'll rule, but it seems
       | like there's at least some indication of how she feels about it.
        
         | websites420 wrote:
         | >but it seems like there's at least some indication of how she
         | feels about it.
         | 
         | This is not true. The judge's job is to follow pertinent line
         | of inquiries to the case and get responses from the plaintiff
         | and defense. Not pursuing a line of questioning might indicate
         | that the questions were already resolved in briefs, and are
         | therefore not needed in open court. Open court is a very, very
         | small part of these trials, so trying to get a read on what a
         | judge thinks based on questions in open court is spurious at
         | best.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | What I posted weren't questions though. They are statements
           | from the judge that don't sound like "devil's advocate" type
           | set ups.
        
             | websites420 wrote:
             | It applies to anything said by the judge in open court. It
             | is intended to elicit a response from the parties. Judges
             | don't make comments on their thoughts out loud for the
             | benefit of participants.
        
       | newbie578 wrote:
       | I do not understand why they didn't touch the point on Tim Cook
       | lying before Congress, when he said that Apple doesn't make
       | special deals with company, and then it later surfaced that
       | Netflix and Amazon get a special deal...
        
       | ilovwindows wrote:
       | 30% of a revenue is extortion. Why should an app developer pay
       | that fee? It's like owning almost half of a business.
       | 
       | Apple is the most developer hostile company.It charges $100 every
       | year to devs for developing apps to it's platform. And
       | additionally charge another 30% of their business. The worst
       | thing is apps cannot use third party payments, why? Some people
       | argue it's for security. I disagree. It's greed.
       | 
       | Tim Cook said it does not charge companies for services apps
       | serves to end users e.g Uber, e-commerce, etc. Are your serious?
       | It's like postal service saying hey we need 30% of every IPhone
       | we deliver. Or the workers at china demanding cuts on every
       | financial transactions that happens through the iPhone.
       | 
       | Some even argue devs need apple more than Apple needs devs. Do
       | you guys know why Windows phone failed? Cos they didn't have
       | enough devs developing enough apps. Take aways all the apps from
       | IPhone, and what is it? A Brick.
        
         | CPLNTN wrote:
         | > Take away all the apps from iPhone and what is it? A brick
         | Saying that Apple needs devs more than devs need Apple is as
         | stupid as saying the opposite. Is the same chicken/egg game.
         | They both coexist and no one can exist without the other. Do
         | you really think that dev can just trash iPhone apps and send a
         | middle finger to Apple? I'll tell you why it's BS: 1 - iPhone
         | users are more willing to pay for an app than android users.
         | Given that Google take the same cut, you are just going to
         | shoot yourself in the foot having less users. 2 - The iOS
         | market share even if not as big as the android one, it's still
         | huge compared to what WS Phone was at its peak. Do you really
         | think your app is that important that the average user is gonna
         | buy and entire new phone (with an OS that he potentially never
         | used) just to use your app? 3 - If you think ALL the devs can
         | leave Apple, to invalidate pt 2, you are delusional. The moment
         | you leave the store, another dev is just gonna eat your user
         | base and profit from it.
         | 
         | The success of the platform always goes around the user base,
         | not the developers. Developers make money from users, so the
         | developers follow the user, not the other way around.
        
           | ilovwindows wrote:
           | A simple experiment will open your eyes wide.
           | 
           | Lets ship iPhones which cannot install any third party apps
           | and see who goes bankrupt. Apple or the app developers?
           | 
           | No one with sane mind will by the iPhones. Where as devs can
           | always make money from other platform like web.
           | 
           | Apple needs devs more than devs need apple. Proved !!!
        
         | paul_f wrote:
         | If a developer's net profit margin, after dev and marketing
         | costs, is less than 60%, then Apple makes more money on the app
         | than the developer. 30% is outrageous.
        
           | simondotau wrote:
           | You're saying that 60% of 70% is less than 30%?
        
             | kbelder wrote:
             | He's saying that <60% minus 30% is <30%.
             | 
             | Assuming Apples takes their cut from gross revenue and not
             | margin, which I believe is true.
        
             | paul_f wrote:
             | Sales price: $100
             | 
             | Apple's cut: $30
             | 
             | Costs (including dev and mktg): $40 (60% net profit)
             | 
             | Profit: $30
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | DangitBobby wrote:
             | Doesn't seem quite right.
             | 
             | Users Will Pay: $100
             | 
             | Dev Profit per $100: $60
             | 
             | Apples Cut/Profit: $30/$29.99
             | 
             | Dev Cut/Profit: $70/$42
        
               | kbelder wrote:
               | You're holding their margin % equal, but cutting 30% off
               | revenue probably won't cut 30% off their margin costs.
               | 
               | In reality it's too complicated to figure with a simple
               | formula. But, he was right if margin is a fixed cost
               | (like, all initial development). If margin is purely an
               | incremental cost (like network costs that increase with
               | each sale), then he would be wrong.
        
               | gondo wrote:
               | Dev pays $99 each year for apple subscription. So until
               | you make certain numbers, you are loosing money.
        
         | cnlwsu wrote:
         | Xbox, steam, google play store, Nintendo and sony are
         | comparable. Same percentages and everything, 30% is kinda game
         | industry standard. Game engines starting to take bigger cut
         | too.
        
       | Hamuko wrote:
       | Tim Cook's line of argument seemed a bit weird to me. On one hand
       | he's saying that he doesn't know if Apple's customers would be
       | able to distinguish between Apple's good and holy curated store
       | and Epic's filthy shitheap of porn and blackjack, but he's also
       | saying that Apple's customers definitely want Apple's App Store
       | as-is.
       | 
       | > _Lawyer says, "if people really value Apple's curation and
       | Apple's App Store, even if there are multiple stores, people
       | could still go shop at Apple," right?_
       | 
       | > _"It seems like a decision that they shouldn't have to make,"
       | Cook says._
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/thedextriarchy/status/139579670438178406...
       | 
       | > _Will people not be able to distinguish between an official and
       | unofficial store?_
       | 
       | > _"They've never had to do it before. They've bought into
       | something that's an ecosystem that just works."_
       | 
       | > _So you don't know if people can tell the difference?_
       | 
       | > _"I'm saying I don't know," Cook says._
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/thedextriarchy/status/139579711859036569...
       | 
       | > _Apple can't really know that it runs a better app store than
       | anyone else, when it's never let anyone try, right?_
       | 
       | > _"It's an experiment I didn't want to run," Cook says.
       | Customers "uniformly" want it to "stay like it is. "_
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/thedextriarchy/status/139579741076549632...
        
         | tomp wrote:
         | You're making Tim Cook sound stupid and/or evil, but he does
         | have a point.
         | 
         |  _> If customers really value real, safe drugs, even if there
         | 's multiple drug suppliers (some offering fake, unsafe drugs),
         | people should still go to a pharmacy?
         | 
         | > It seems like a decision that they shouldn't have to make.
         | 
         | > Will people not be able to distinguish between safe drugs and
         | fake unsafe drugs?
         | 
         | > They've never had to do it before._
        
           | yosito wrote:
           | This is a good illustration of the point. But at the same
           | time, customers have multiple pharmacies to choose from. And
           | I'm pretty sure that it's still more the government
           | regulators' job (FDA, etc) to decide what's safe to sell or
           | not, than it is the for-profit corporations'.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | Customers have multiple smartphone choices too, and most
             | people choose non-Apple smartphones. If people want a
             | smartphone where they can easily install any software from
             | any source, there are plenty of very good options.
        
               | stjohnswarts wrote:
               | Most people aren't buying Android because "they can
               | easily install software from any source", they buy it
               | because they've already bought (locked) into it because
               | of experience/apps and because you can get cheaper
               | phones.
        
           | wgjordan wrote:
           | Analogy to drug safety makes no sense - FDA regulates drug
           | safety and 'fake' generic drugs are very much allowed, so
           | customers may choose generic drugs without needing to
           | distinguish safe/unsafe themselves.
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | Counter to your point, pretend Apple is the FDA and the
             | drugs are apps. Now pretend the government wants to get rid
             | of Apple/FDA.
        
               | zajd wrote:
               | "Pretend a massive multinational is the government"
               | 
               | Exactly the problem
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | Right. And to add to the scenario: in this world the FDA
               | is a for-profit corporation that owns the only drug store
               | and uses its regulatory power to prevent any others from
               | existing.
        
           | ohgodplsno wrote:
           | Equating alternative app stores to literal drug dealers.
           | 
           | I don't think I even need to say anything to point out how
           | bad of an argument it is.
        
             | bryan0 wrote:
             | You're right. The counter examples here are comparing the
             | availability of non-Apple approved apps to matters of life
             | and death. It's disingenuous.
        
             | tomp wrote:
             | I'm attacking the argument in general, not a specific
             | instance of it.
        
             | giobox wrote:
             | I think that's a little unfair - this example implies there
             | are good _and_ bad actors in an unregulated app
             | distribution system, which we already have some evidence
             | for.
             | 
             | Given we have seen real malware like Xcodeghost that has
             | successfully breached apples own App Store review process,
             | he clearly has a point. Removing all binaries compiled with
             | Xcodeghost to protect consumers would have been harder with
             | multiple stores hosting binaries for sale vs one, and is
             | indeed an example of one benefit of the single storefront.
             | Incidentally, the internal emails from Apple regarding
             | handling the Xcodeghost problem have arguably been some of
             | the most interesting documents we've seen in this trial.
             | 
             | There are trade offs here, and while one option may appear
             | to be fairer it is not going to be a free lunch. There's
             | always issues with software analogies if you dig too deeply
             | too!
        
           | peoplefromibiza wrote:
           | This is my take on what Tim Cook should have answered
           | 
           | > If customers really value real, safe drugs, even if there's
           | multiple drug suppliers (some offering fake, unsafe drugs),
           | people should still go to a pharmacy?
           | 
           | That shouldn't be Apple problem, we have governments for
           | that.
           | 
           | > Will people not be able to distinguish between safe drugs
           | and fake unsafe drugs
           | 
           | That shouldn't be our concern, we as the supplier of the
           | market place should only worry about abiding to the law and
           | report those that don't when they use our system
           | 
           | If they don't use our system, it shouldn't be our
           | responsibility.
           | 
           | But Tim Cook is not on trial for selling illegal drugs, he's
           | trying to make Apple look like the only possible guardian of
           | user's safety. Because it's in Apple interests, not because
           | it's best for users (I mean that Tim Cook can't possibly know
           | if Epic store would be less safe than theirs, he - admittedly
           | - never made that experiment)
        
           | fartcannon wrote:
           | Pretending to be ignorant of what is obvious to hold onto
           | your power/money is pretty close to evil. If he believes
           | customers genuinely value his curated app store, let him show
           | us.
        
             | mcphage wrote:
             | > If he believes customers genuinely value his curated app
             | store, let him show us.
             | 
             | I think they consider the massive success of the iPhone and
             | App Store proof of that.
        
             | s3r3nity wrote:
             | >If he believes customers genuinely value his curated app
             | store, let him show us.
             | 
             | They already did - they choose iOS over Android / other
             | possibilities.
        
               | bsaul wrote:
               | I value iOS hardware and operating system. I couldn't
               | care less about other apple software, and especially the
               | app store which i only use as a package repository, and
               | never as a recommandation or browsing tool (which is
               | ideally what a store should be)
        
         | aero-glide2 wrote:
         | Why not give customers the choice to run other app stores?
         | Imagine if all the software on your laptop must be downloaded
         | from the windows store..
        
           | jrsj wrote:
           | Because my grandma is clueless and I give her an iPhone so
           | she doesn't install malware like she managed to on her
           | Android phone
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | So your Grandma installed apks? I find that hard to
             | believe. The google store has a slightly worse history for
             | malware than the Apple Store but not that much worse,
             | especially relative to PC malware. Also anecdotes generally
             | don't prove much in the greater scheme of "Android is a
             | malware platform and your grandmother is going to get a
             | virus"
        
             | simion314 wrote:
             | Fuck, Time said that 2 years old are using iOS so , "Great
             | news, the lowest common denominator will be lowered from
             | grandma to toddlers"
        
             | johnchristopher wrote:
             | Could the guest mode on android or enterprise/fleet thingy
             | be used to achieve that (preventing user from installing
             | malware) ?
        
             | celsoazevedo wrote:
             | It's weird that a clueless person was able to download and
             | install a malware apk when by default Android forces you to
             | go to your settings and allow apps to install other apps
             | (the behaviour has changed over the years, but you always
             | need to do something). Not to mention that Google Play
             | Protect scans your apps and warns you if it finds something
             | sketchy.
             | 
             | In any case and as much as I like my own clueless grandma,
             | I don't think my Android phone should only allow me to use
             | the play store or that windows/macos/linux should stop me
             | from installing Steam just because she's clueless about
             | tech.
        
               | sircastor wrote:
               | Never underestimate a malware makers ability to instruct
               | a user to do something. Out for that matter a users
               | ability to get themselves into trouble.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | IMO the right question to ask here is how do we, as a
               | society, make people not be this trustful?
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | True, but we probably don't want to remove the ability to
               | receive calls just because users might receive a scam
               | call or the browser just because it can be used to trick
               | someone to give their information. It's the same with
               | apps, especially when Apple bans more than just apps with
               | malware.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | Actually I definitely do want to A) make it more
               | difficult for spam callers to exist and B) make it more
               | difficult for people to be fooled by them.
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | The problem with an App Store-like approach to that
               | problem is that Apple would control who could call you
               | and not give you the option to receive calls from someone
               | they don't like.
               | 
               | I'm not against security or privacy. My problem is not
               | having a way to bypass the App Store and what they allow
               | (they ban more than just malware) when I want to install
               | something.
               | 
               | I use Android for this reason. As soon macOS becomes like
               | iOS, I'm out too.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | Why is that weird? Facebook has to put warnings in the
               | browser console to prevent people from pasting malicious
               | code that some viral post said would give them super
               | powers on Facebook. Obviously these warnings aren't for
               | people who understand developer tools and internet
               | security. They're there because malicious people trick
               | other people into running malicious code.
        
               | mdoms wrote:
               | It's not weird because it didn't happen.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | It's actually happened more than once. Perhaps the person
               | you were replying to was lying; doesn't make their point
               | valid, because it has actually happened.
               | 
               | People can follow the most complicated step by step
               | instructions if they're explained clearly enough, by
               | someone they feel they _don 't need to trust_, and
               | there's an incentive to follow them.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Current behavior on downloading an apk makes it pretty
               | easy, IIRC it says you need to set a setting, has a
               | (working) deeplink to the setting, and when you set the
               | setting it prompts you to finish installing.
               | 
               | It's really not that hard anymore. Google Play Protect
               | then yells at you about the app you just installed (but
               | maybe that was because I was installing rooting apps).
               | The best solution to someone installing garbage apps
               | would be a system with an app whitelist managed by a
               | trusted person off the phone. And no browser or incoming
               | phone calls.
        
               | kec wrote:
               | It's not really weird at all. When a dialog pops up while
               | a user is trying to do something like install an app 90%
               | of users will blindly click "ok" in order to get on with
               | it.
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | Neither the user or a website/app can install an apk file
               | on Android by just clicking "OK".
        
               | kec wrote:
               | This extends to any number of dialogs standing between
               | the user and their goal. If a user wants to install an
               | application they will not be deterred by warnings because
               | they fundamentally don't care - they've already decided
               | they want this app.
        
               | dan-robertson wrote:
               | What's your argument here, that the GP is lying or that
               | their grandmother wanted the malware or something else?
               | 
               | I find it very easy to believe that some malware vendor
               | managed to trick someone into enabling things in
               | settings. I would also believe that malware was just
               | sitting in the play store[1] and available to install the
               | normal way.
               | 
               | [1] same goes for the App Store.
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | His grandmother already has an iPhone, so it's unlikely
               | that she was using Android 10 or 11 (which made it fairly
               | easy to install an apk file). Until Android 9 you had to
               | go through some menus and allow sideloading, something
               | that "clueless" people usually don't do. It's more likely
               | that the "malware" came from an app installed via the
               | Play Store.
               | 
               | Three or so years ago I was asked by someone to see if
               | there was a virus on their phone. The "virus" was in fact
               | a religious app, installed via the official store, which
               | was opening a popup with ads every few hours.
               | 
               | Now, I could be wrong and it's possible that his grandma
               | actually sideloaded an apk. If she did, I still think
               | that you should be able to install an app that isn't
               | allowed by Apple on their store, after all they block
               | more than just malware: apps with free licenses, some VPN
               | apps in some countries, torrent apps without any illegal
               | content in it, etc.
               | 
               | If Apple wants to continue on this path, hopefully
               | they'll go a step further and also remove the web browser
               | and the ability to receive calls. Scam calls are a
               | problem after all and we don't want people to send all
               | their savings to "Microsoft" or "Amazon".
        
               | BigJono wrote:
               | Not only that but I don't see how this problem isn't just
               | trivially solved by putting an optional "parental"
               | control on the setting. God forbid someone has to take 5
               | seconds to set a phone up for their mum.
        
             | wayneftw wrote:
             | And Apple protecting her from that is the only solution? I
             | don't think so...
             | 
             | With just a tiny bit of imagination I'm sure we can come up
             | with something which will work. Here's an idea: Let Apple
             | sell Apple-locked and unlocked iPhones. It can work just
             | like carrier locking. Buy one unlocked, maybe pay a little
             | extra, and you can have 3rd party app stores.
             | 
             | That took me a minute to come up with. I am absolutely
             | positive that there are many other degrees of options
             | between full-control by Apple and full-control by End-user.
             | 
             | I get it though... people who like Apple aren't very
             | appreciative of having options.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | There's a thing called "choice paralysis" that Apple
               | minimizes as a value-add.
               | 
               | My technically-savvy associates, I suggest an Android to
               | (especially if they want to dabble in mobile development
               | themselves). For my family that just wants a phone that
               | works, I suggest iPhone. The ecosystem tends to have a
               | single right way to do any given task, which is a boon
               | when they just want it to work without having to think
               | about details.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | If that was the law then sure, Apple could just sell a
               | Samsung Android phone on their store so they don't get
               | fined. This approach obviously doesn't actually change
               | anything for smartphone users or developers.
        
               | d3nj4l wrote:
               | > Let Apple sell Apple-locked and unlocked iPhones. It
               | can work just like carrier locking. Buy one unlocked,
               | maybe pay a little extra
               | 
               | But that won't work for Epic, or for any competitor. Epic
               | wants access to _every_ iPhone customer, not just the
               | ones who paid extra to add third party app stores. Heck,
               | you don 't even have to pay extra to sideload apps on
               | Android, but they still lost a ton of people when Google
               | kicked them out of the Play Store.
        
               | hboon wrote:
               | I know you mean well. But it's ironic that with the first
               | iPhones, Apple was combating the tight gripe of carriers,
               | especially in the US on consumer control.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Apple's corporate charter is pretty simple: keep the girl
               | with the hammer from getting too close to the screen.
               | 
               | Yes, they won important victories against the cellular
               | carriers -- victories that we all continue to benefit
               | from -- but let's not kid ourselves regarding why they
               | fought those battles in the first place. They didn't just
               | set out to defeat the incumbent gatekeepers, they set out
               | to _become_ them.
        
             | akudha wrote:
             | So the solution is to force majority of the population to
             | use Apple store, to protect minority of the population who
             | aren't tech savvy?
             | 
             | If Apple allowed other stores, before a user can install an
             | app from non-Apple store, iOS can show a message saying the
             | app is not from Apple's holy store and that it is users
             | responsibility to make sure the app is trustworthy? This
             | won't be pretty, but at least it is a compromise.
             | 
             | They want their 30% cut and they want to tightly control
             | everything. That is the only true, logical reason.
             | Everything else is a flimsy excuse
        
               | 5560675260 wrote:
               | One possible solution is to start giving our money to
               | companies that are not Apple or Google. Otherwise we'll
               | be forever stuck with this duopoly and various
               | alternative OS will keep being niche at best.
        
               | fastaguy88 wrote:
               | Pretty hard to know who the minority is in this case.
               | Based on other HN opinions about Apple products, there
               | seems to be a consensus that Apple customers are mostly
               | not tech savvy. If they were, they wouldn't buy Apple
               | stuff.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | Even though this is a stereotype not grounded in reality
               | and there are plenty of techie people who buy Apple
               | products.
        
               | lanstin wrote:
               | Lots of tech folks buy apple and at the same time vast
               | majority of Apple customers should not be trusted to do
               | valid security assessment or maintain good operational
               | security.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | Why is it hard to know? Apple has at most like a 20%
               | market share globally, and around 50% in the United
               | States. The overwhelming majority of smartphone owners
               | have a non-Apple smartphone.
        
               | moksly wrote:
               | > So the solution is to force majority of the population
               | to use Apple store, to protect minority of the population
               | who aren't tech savvy?
               | 
               | You could always get an android.
               | 
               | I realise that this can come off as silly, but what, id
               | not the walled garden differentiate the two systems? If
               | you tear those walls down, you're basically using a
               | really expensive android device with all the tracking and
               | malware that includes.
               | 
               | I do think the courts should force Apple to open up.
               | Closed systems are evil, even though they are very nice
               | to use. I just hope they do it in such a way that it's
               | optional and has no effect on the rest of us.
        
               | sciprojguy wrote:
               | Why, exactly, are they evil? It's not as if people who
               | buy Apple (like me, and I develop for iPhone/iPad too)
               | don't know what they're getting. I like the walled garden
               | Apple has because:
               | 
               | * It makes my life as a developer much easier. I only
               | have _one_ App Store to aim at, and with a few hiccups
               | here and there from inexperienced or overzealous
               | reviewers the guidelines are pretty clear. If I had to
               | design for half a dozen or more apps I 'd have that many
               | more versions of guidelines to worry about.
               | 
               | * I don't need to worry nearly as much about scam or
               | knock-off apps siphoning off users, since Apple is
               | proactive about that. Not perfect, but very proactive.
               | 
               | Those are just two off the top of my head. There are
               | more, but I'm getting hungry.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | But then Epic will have detailed instructions on how to
               | sideload apps, and if enough apps do this it will be
               | common practice for users to do so. If users are trained
               | to do this by safe apps, they won't be on the lookout for
               | the malware that does the same thing.
        
               | Seattle3503 wrote:
               | Maybe a wacky idea, but what if Apple required you to go
               | to an Apple store to sideload a new app or app store.
               | That way the person at the store can stop really stupid
               | mistakes.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | They already basically do; they require you to go to the
               | digital equivalent and ask Apple pretty please for a
               | signature.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | Customers have that choice today.
           | 
           | On the Android platform.
        
             | nr2x wrote:
             | Which is partially why Apple makes it very hard to move to
             | Android. No iMessage, Calendars, Contacts, iTunes
             | Purchases, etc.
        
               | d3nj4l wrote:
               | You can very easily link your iCal with Google Calendar,
               | and likewise sync your contacts with your Google account.
               | I know because I've done both.
        
               | nr2x wrote:
               | You can't access iCloud calendars on an Android phone,
               | they even block it over the browser.
        
               | kitsunesoba wrote:
               | It's a bit convoluted, but you can get the CalDAV URLs
               | for your calendars which then work just fine with any
               | CalDAV client (including those on Android). When googling
               | "iCloud caldav" detailed instructions are the first
               | result.
        
               | nr2x wrote:
               | Key point here is "very hard to move to Android". Seeing
               | as this is not at all easy (and I have gotten to work via
               | this method at some point), it presents a barrier to
               | changing platforms. Likewise ,not allowing access to
               | calendar on a mobile browser is pretty blatant.
        
           | jodrellblank wrote:
           | Also on HN today, endless comments about how Amazon is a
           | shitheap full of fake products and fake reviews and wishing
           | Amazon would tighten up:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27253047
           | 
           | > " _Why not give customers the choice to run other app
           | stores?_ "
           | 
           | Why can't people who don't want Apple's curation and want to
           | install other app stores buy Android phones, instead of
           | trying to ruin nice things for everyone else?
        
           | exporectomy wrote:
           | Sometimes less freedom is a good thing. It frees the
           | customer's mind to let an organization they trust make the
           | tedious product evaluations for you. We do it all the time
           | with retail shopping where we enjoy the curated decisions of
           | the shop's owner instead of a giant bazaar.
        
             | aero-glide2 wrote:
             | I own the hardware (the floor space of the store). Should I
             | not be able to decide who sets up shop in my phone?
        
               | Jailbird wrote:
               | I think the zoning laws in your area prevent you from
               | operating a nuclear plant or a meat processing facility.
               | (Sorry, it's just Hello Kitty shops for you! :) )
        
             | celsoazevedo wrote:
             | On the other hand, when Apple decides to block some app
             | (eg: certain VPN apps in China) for reasons that aren't in
             | your interest, you're screwed.
             | 
             | Being able to use a different app store (which may or may
             | not be as "curated" as Apple's own store) or to simply
             | download the app from the devs website and install it
             | doesn't seem to be a problem for Android users. Or for
             | Windows, Linux and even macOS (eg: is it that bad being
             | able to install Steam?)
             | 
             | The thing is, most people will use the store that comes
             | with the phone. I have F-Droid installed for some open
             | source apps, but my parents have no idea of what that is.
             | They use Google's Play Store, like most users... if
             | Facebook wants them to use their apps, that's where their
             | app needs to be.
        
               | notriddle wrote:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27221083
               | 
               | Apparently, yes, it is a problem.
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | They're trying to defend their own store and business
               | model... of course having a more open system is a
               | problem.
               | 
               | After years of "there are no viruses for mac", I find it
               | funny to see an Apple exec saying that his own family
               | members have been infected by malware on macOS.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | But we do allow more than one or two shops to exist.
        
             | cs2733 wrote:
             | I'm with you on this... and then remember the many useful
             | tools that are only available outside the app store.
             | 
             | BTW, Have you seen the app store catalog for macOS on apple
             | silicon? Still very sparse.
             | 
             | Trusting one company to provide the whole stack is not
             | necessarily practical, even for the average user.
        
             | calsy wrote:
             | They curate their stores to draw in customers, placing
             | popular items up front and usually having SALE signs up.
             | Why? because it is an extremely competitive environment.
             | 
             | The store owners pay rent, they are not obliged to give a
             | 30% commission on purchases to the company who owns the
             | shopping centre and they are not forced to use the shopping
             | centres chosen payment service to make sure they collect on
             | commissions.
             | 
             | Less freedom is not a good thing. Nothing is being taken
             | away from you when you provide other options, quite the
             | opposite.
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | > Why not give customers the choice to run other app stores?
           | 
           | Why would Apple want to do so? That would obviously reduce
           | their earnings.
           | 
           | > Imagine if all the software on your laptop must be
           | downloaded from the windows store..
           | 
           | I bet that is Microsoft's dream. They can't just do that
           | because of disruption would be too big. But they did
           | something similar with Windows RT, so they definitely looking
           | into it.
        
             | Hamuko wrote:
             | > _They can 't just do that because of disruption would be
             | too big._
             | 
             | Microsoft became rather antitrust shy at some point. Not
             | sure if that's the case anymore but I think it affected
             | many of the decisions.
        
               | dan-robertson wrote:
               | They became shy exactly when they lost a massive
               | antitrust suit in the late 90's.
        
           | FredPret wrote:
           | But you do! Buy an Android. Or jailbreak the iPhone.
           | 
           | As a consumer, his comments were spot on about me at least.
        
         | lucasyvas wrote:
         | This exchange appears to be open admission of unapolegtic,
         | monopolistic behaviour.
         | 
         | Also, the suggestion that customers want it to stay like it is
         | is a flat out lie given his preceding statement where he admits
         | they've never offered the choice, so can't possibly know.
        
           | bnj wrote:
           | It's really interesting to observe the way that we can all
           | read that exchange with different interpretations. I don't
           | see the conflict you're pointing to at all-- to me, it makes
           | sense that Cook can say users don't want to navigate multiple
           | stores if they had done, for example, focus groups.
           | 
           | Meanwhile the experiment that he didn't want to run is
           | whether users could distinguish between good quality app
           | stores and bad quality ones, which he doesn't know because
           | they've never had to do it before.
           | 
           | That all seems sensible enough to me.
        
             | lucasyvas wrote:
             | I think you have a good point, but is there any proof they
             | have focus tested it?
             | 
             | My second question would be, are focus groups equipped to
             | make a decision for potentially billions of users (given
             | the sheer volume, and that focus groups are cherry-picked)?
        
           | stjohnswarts wrote:
           | I don't get the whole Apple thing though. I can see the
           | prices as inflated, but there are literally dozens of other
           | options to iphones if you don't like iphone. Do you just want
           | government to step in and run Apple as it sees fit like corps
           | in China?
        
         | abecedarius wrote:
         | > Customers "uniformly" want it to "stay like it is."
         | 
         | I'm a customer and I don't.
        
           | _nalply wrote:
           | You comment on Hacker News. Therefore you are not an
           | "uniform" customer.
        
         | akg_67 wrote:
         | I hope multiple App Stores don't become a thing on iOS. The
         | reason I like iPhone is that I am assured that apps I download
         | from App Store are not shit and curated by Apple. Apple has
         | vested interest to keep apps made available to be clean and not
         | going to compromise iPhone. Android play store, in comparison,
         | is full of crap and free for all, basically buyer (or
         | downloader) beware.
         | 
         | Phone is used by too broad of user groups, from very young to
         | very old, for apps to be left unchecked unlike laptops and
         | desktops.
        
           | rdedev wrote:
           | I don't get this argument. How can an alternative app Store
           | affect the quality of the Apple app Store ? The alternate app
           | Store is not gonna come installed by default. No one is gonna
           | mistake the alternative app Store for the apple one. Apple is
           | gonna make sure of that. Apple can even put up loads of
           | warnings and dark UI stuff when installing an alternate app
           | Store to dissuade the "noob" users.
        
             | czzr wrote:
             | If a major app moves to a different App Store, people will
             | install the second (and third, and fourth, etc.) No one
             | will say "oh, well, I want Instagram because all my friends
             | have it but I'm not going to install Facebook's store to
             | get it because I want to keep my phone secure."
             | 
             | The problem is that security and privacy benefits are
             | somewhat intangible and hidden, so they are not enough to
             | convince people to weight them heavily - this is the same
             | reason why people download random software off the net and
             | why the web is such a mess of trackers.
             | 
             | Apple's approach tries to remove the need for users to
             | think about the issue at all. Of course, it has downsides
             | as well, but don't underestimate what the ecosystem would
             | be giving up once the door is opened to multiple stores.
        
               | mthoms wrote:
               | Developers won't leave the App Store if Apple are
               | offering good value to them and their customers.
               | 
               | If Apple stops offering good value (fair policies,
               | commissions), then Apple _should_ be  "punished" by
               | losing business.
               | 
               | Offering competing stores provides a strong incentive for
               | Apple to make theirs even better. Developers would win
               | and consumers would win. The only "loser" would be Apple
               | (at least as far as short term financials are concerned).
        
             | paulmd wrote:
             | OP did not say that it would affect the quality of the
             | Apple app store. The specific quote was: "Apple has vested
             | interest to keep apps made available to be clean and not
             | going to compromise iPhone".
             | 
             | Allowing third-party app stores effectively means providing
             | a vector to bypass the official app-review process, which
             | is the cornerstone on which the permissioning system rests.
             | If you allow third-party app stores, then any sufficiently-
             | popular app can create their own "app store" and demand
             | that you give it full permissions, which they will turn
             | around and use to scrape data. It will become a race to the
             | bottom, permissioning systems cannot stand if the app-
             | review process does not exist, and the app-review cannot
             | exist if third-party stores exist as a mechanism to let
             | anyone publish anything.
             | 
             | Facebook has already gotten their hands slapped for doing
             | exactly this, and if they could spread it to the general
             | user-base then they will do so immediately.
             | 
             | https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/01/facebook-and-
             | google-...
             | 
             | So your question about "how can an alternative app store
             | affect the Apple app store" is a red herring, and not at
             | all what OP said - what OP said was "allowing third-party
             | app stores will degrade the experience _of iOS users_ " and
             | that is absolutely true, Facebook has already tried to do
             | this before and this will allow them to take another turn
             | at the ring.
        
             | merrywhether wrote:
             | Hypothetical progression: Epic sets up alternative App
             | Store which becomes the only source of Fortnite 2.0, which
             | is popular enough to drive installs of new alt store. Some
             | other newly-popular viral app comes along (probably a
             | social app that causes its users to exert pressure on their
             | social group to join) and gambles on going with the Epic
             | store only, piggybacking on Fortnite's beachhead. Repeat.
             | This process normalizes an alt store, forcing iOS customers
             | to have to choose between trusting a new source vs missing
             | out on apps. They can currently miss out on Android-only
             | apps, but at least currently 99.9% of apps that run on iOS
             | come from the single "trusted" store.
             | 
             | Another maybe-more-realistic version of this would be if
             | some business software used their power over line workers
             | to install things (since end-users are not really the
             | customers in corporate software sales). Microsoft sets up
             | their own store as the only source of Office Redux, and
             | millions of iOS users are forced into this store via their
             | employers. Same process as above: beachhead, gamble,
             | dilution of Apple's store.
             | 
             | It's not hard to see how the process could snowball, though
             | it's certainly not guaranteed as there must be the right
             | combination of events.
        
               | bluesign wrote:
               | Already like this scene in PC gaming, launchers
               | everywhere.
               | 
               | For the apps I am using now, there will be probably:
               | 
               | Netflix Store, Amazon Store, Google Store, Epic Store, EA
               | Store ... and list goes on
        
               | karakot wrote:
               | Adobe store :shrug:
        
               | rdedev wrote:
               | Another comment mentioned this. The fragmentation issue
               | that comes up with multiple app stores. I agree that it
               | is an issue that can come up. Pretty sure epic is trying
               | for something like this in android.
               | 
               | But it dosent take away from my point that an alternative
               | store does not affect the quality of apps in the main
               | store.
               | 
               | As for an alt store becoming normalized I feel that users
               | will only install the necessary app from the alt store
               | and not anything else. A lot of alt stores tried to set
               | themselves up in android but didn't succeed. I think it
               | mostly comes down to incentives. Apple can easily change
               | them to make sure no other store gets the upper hand
        
               | sciprojguy wrote:
               | "I feel that users will only install the necessary app
               | from the alt store and not anything else."
               | 
               | Have you ever had to wipe a relative's computer to get
               | rid of the malware-infested browser toolbars they
               | installed, not knowing any better? Or worse, pay a ransom
               | in bitcoins to unlock the billing systems that help
               | control a gasoline distribution pipeline? You may be
               | somewhat overestimating the sophistication of users when
               | it comes to technology.
        
               | api wrote:
               | I've heard it put this way: if you give the user root on
               | the device, you are giving the malware the user is
               | tricked into installing root.
               | 
               | iOS is an OS for people who are non-technical or for
               | applications where people don't want to worry about that
               | stuff. If you want full control run Linux. MacOS and
               | Windows also offer a balance that is skewed a lot more
               | toward user control because they're for "pro" use cases.
        
               | yyyk wrote:
               | None of this happens on Android despite allowing multiple
               | app stores. And companies can already install software
               | for their employers via MDM.
        
             | 0xEFF wrote:
             | Suppose you install a messaging app to talk to your friend.
             | How do you know they installed their copy from the good App
             | Store and not the bad one?
        
               | yosito wrote:
               | Your friend's messaging app is not installing apps on
               | your phone, so it doesn't matter (to you).
        
               | rdedev wrote:
               | Most messaging apps are centralized. Some form of server
               | side checking can be easily added to make sure the client
               | is legit and not tampered with. Same form of checking
               | thing if it's P2P but it would be very cumbersome.
               | 
               | Now it is possible that someones has cracked the
               | encrypted messaged payload and figured out how to fool
               | the client authenticity checking part but at that point
               | you are probably dealing with a state actor and even
               | apple with their secure app Store cannot save you.
        
               | w7 wrote:
               | That's not state actor level of effort. Kids do that
               | stuff for video games.
        
               | Sargos wrote:
               | Why do you care what software your friend runs? Why do
               | you feel the need to dictate what software someone else
               | runs?
               | 
               | This is especially weird because your username is 0xEFF
               | which initially made me think Electronic Frontier
               | Foundation but it's definitely not that.
        
             | jodrellblank wrote:
             | > " _No one is gonna mistake the alternative app Store for
             | the apple one_ "
             | 
             | You've never heard any stories like "I put FireFox/Chrome
             | on my parent's desktop and next time I went back they were
             | using IE and said they didn't notice"? Or same with apps
             | installed from an App store between real and imitation?
             | 
             | > " _Apple can even put up loads of warnings and dark UI
             | stuff when installing an alternate app Store to dissuade
             | the "noob" users._"
             | 
             | Why would they need to do that if "no one" is gonna mistake
             | them?
        
               | rdedev wrote:
               | As I said in the next sentence, apple is going to make
               | sure that no app Store looks like theirs. It's pretty
               | easy to do it too. Make sure app stores are only
               | available to install from the Apple app Store. That way
               | apple can look for any possible imitations.
               | 
               | The dissuading stuff was not needed. I was just
               | frustrated with the line that some users are not tech
               | savvy so all users must be equally restricted. It just
               | seems unnecessarily black and white
        
               | lanstin wrote:
               | It is tricky. Most people are pretty trusting of things
               | they don't understand. But a world where you walk into a
               | cafe and 80% of the devices around you are malevolent is
               | worse than one where only 5% are malevolent. I would like
               | root on all my devices and also I would like to be able
               | to run apps that want more permissions than I want them
               | to have and they just get fake data when they call get
               | location or whatever. But I don't want to have to
               | security assess all the apps I might like. To be sure
               | mostly my apps are like the browser, the like doe reader,
               | and find my iPhone. But I do have a weakness for
               | solitaire and free flow and similar games. It seems very
               | hard to get the open source versions of these and the
               | other ones seem to display questionable ethics and to be
               | ad revenue driven (where as I would happily pay a bit for
               | new levels etc).
        
               | tolbish wrote:
               | > Most people are pretty trusting of things they don't
               | understand.
               | 
               | [citation needed]
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | _Gestures around at almost everything_.
               | 
               | Cleaning products, anaesthesia, electrical goods,
               | microwaves, internal combustion engines, skyscrapers,
               | hydrogenated vegetable oil and other such ingredients,
               | fire retardant in furniture, blockchains, cryptography,
               | smoke detectors, x-rays, coronary bypass surgery,
               | bridges, hydraulics, reservoirs, water treatment plants,
               | refridgerators. Would you say the people who understand
               | them in some meaningful way is >50% of the people who
               | use/benefit from them them?
               | 
               | If people see others doing something, we assume it must
               | be okay to do. If we see others selling something, we
               | assume it must be okay to buy and use. We default to yes
               | (pretty trusting), unless it's proven otherwise strongly
               | enough to be banned.
        
           | kitsunesoba wrote:
           | What I fear is that as a reaction to Apple's recent moves on
           | privacy (tracking transparency, requiring user consent prior
           | to tracking, etc), Facebook is going to spin up its own App
           | Store _without_ such rules where user data is a free for all.
           | 
           | This wouldn't be a threat in itself, but having control of
           | heavy hitters like the Facebook app, Instagram, and WhatsApp
           | among others, they could drive traffic levels that no third-
           | party App Store has ever seen overnight. They can also afford
           | to buy other heavy-hitting exclusives, and some data hungry
           | devs would likely come on board with no incentive at all.
           | 
           | This would be a terrible outcome. If iOS is to support third
           | party app stores, I'd rather it be _after_ legislation is
           | passed that effectively enforces Apple 's App Store privacy
           | policies at a federal level.
        
           | simion314 wrote:
           | >I hope multiple App Stores don't become a thing on iOS.
           | 
           | I hope Apple will also force only 1 browser, 1 text editor, 1
           | video player, 1 search engine, 1 bank/payment system. I hate
           | PayPal so everyone should use Apple Pay because I want so,
           | please Apple force them all to use what I like! /sarcasm
        
             | Sargos wrote:
             | I wish this was actually sarcasm for most people. I
             | legitimately don't understand why this group of people
             | believe this is a good thing.
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | How do you explain that the majority of apps are contaminated
           | by spyware like the Facebook SDK and dozens of other
           | equivalents? (which for the record is in breach of the GDPR
           | and Apple _could_ be considered complicit if they allow this
           | while at the same time requiring all apps to comply with
           | local laws and has removed apps who break or could be used to
           | break the law before)
           | 
           | How do you explain scam apps that deliberately mislead users
           | into signing up to a "free trial" subscription that renews at
           | a ridiculous price 3 days later?
        
             | akg_67 wrote:
             | Have you looked at Google play store, in comparison? Apple
             | is still doing 100x better job. 100% cleanliness is utopia
             | but I will take an App Store that weeds out lot of
             | contaminated apps than every other app being contaminated
             | in some sort of way.
        
               | rjzzleep wrote:
               | I do think that the apple app store has better quality
               | apps. But to be frank, those 3 day trial autorenew apps
               | are definitely more common on iOS.
               | 
               | There are so many highly rated iOS apps that look great
               | and where you can't even get past the initial stage
               | without having to sign up to a subscription without even
               | know what it is.
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | Nobody is proposing that the Apple app store should go
               | away, or that other stores shouldn't be curated. (E.g.
               | exactly because the play store is as it is, on Android I
               | go look at F-Droid first, because if it has something I
               | trust it more)
        
               | calsy wrote:
               | Is someone taking the App Store from you? Does adding
               | alternative options somehow corrupt the original App
               | Store?
        
               | Nextgrid wrote:
               | There could be an argument that allowing alternative
               | stores would just mean every app would switch to those
               | and be able to work around Apple's rules and act against
               | consumers' best interests.
               | 
               | However, the fact that Apple only enforces the rules when
               | it benefits _them_ as opposed to consumers (so they are
               | happy to turn a blind eye to spyware, but will crack down
               | immediately on alternative payment options) means that in
               | practice I don 't see it making the situation any worse.
        
               | Sargos wrote:
               | >There could be an argument that allowing alternative
               | stores would just mean every app would switch to those
               | 
               | Which is a ridiculous argument as the network effects and
               | default preference status of the App Store mean it'll
               | still be pretty much a requirement to publish there if
               | you want any users.
        
               | Nextgrid wrote:
               | Not really.
               | 
               | Apple currently has the market power to keep Facebook and
               | other similar scum at bay if they chose to
               | (unfortunately, they're not doing anywhere near enough on
               | this front).
               | 
               | Opening the floodgates to alternate stores would simply
               | mean every mainstream service out there would require you
               | to use that alternate store (isolated from Apple's
               | enforcement) where all kinds of nastiness is permitted.
        
             | hmate9 wrote:
             | I would match rather sign up for a subscription through the
             | iOS ecosystem, where I can easily and realisably cancel
             | that subscription through Apple themselves as opposed to
             | entering my credit card info and figuring out how to cancel
             | for each and every application differently.
        
               | saurik wrote:
               | FWIW, people usually like to support lots of payment
               | options, particularly ones that already have the
               | customer's payment details on file and that the customer
               | likes using, so as long as you are OK with the
               | realization that people who pay not through Apple are
               | going to pay like 10-25% less (depending on any number of
               | factors, as Apple is honestly offering non-0 value) than
               | you (which I honestly doubt, but you need to remember
               | that a key part of this isn't the functionality but the
               | cost: a ton of the money you are paying is just going to
               | Apple right now) I would be shocked if companies didn't
               | throw in Apple's IAP as a (more expensive) option. Like:
               | for my store (Cydia), I never required developers to use
               | my payment options (as that would be a horrible and anit-
               | competitive thing to do) _but they did anyway_ because
               | users liked them so much and they were easy for the
               | developer and I actually solved problems they had
               | (license transfer, some of the customer support, etc.).
        
               | kalleboo wrote:
               | Personally I would prefer to sign up to a subscription
               | via PayPal, where I can easily manage the subscription
               | though a web site instead opening the "Music" app (!?!)
               | and navigating through that nightmare
        
               | moenzuel wrote:
               | I am confused, are you saying that the only way to manage
               | your subscriptions in iOS is via the music app and not
               | the App Store?
        
           | hmate9 wrote:
           | Im not sure why you got downvoted. Its a legit opinion.
           | 
           | I can see the argument for why this is better for iOS users,
           | but it is also painfully obvious how it benefits Apple's
           | monopoly and works against app developers.
        
             | akg_67 wrote:
             | I agree that it disproportionately benefits Apple but
             | alternative is free for all like Android and all
             | responsibilities fall on end user (not possible when you
             | have from very young users to very old users, both
             | unsophisticated and sophisticated users).
        
               | emsy wrote:
               | I just don't buy the argument that end customers will
               | lose out. The Apple AppStore will still be the default
               | and available. People that want alternatives can get them
               | at their own peril (like responsible adults, can you
               | imagine?). And what percentage of people actually use alt
               | app stores on Android?
        
               | foolmeonce wrote:
               | Further, the Play store is evidence against supporting
               | the company store concept at all and not an explanation
               | for why an exclusive one should be allowed if it doesn't
               | immediately induce vomiting.
        
               | codyb wrote:
               | I'm surprised fragmentation isn't mentioned.
               | 
               | With multiple app stores, developers may not release to
               | the Apple app store any more. Causing users to either use
               | other app stores or miss out on apps that would
               | previously been in the Apple store.
               | 
               | Causing them to be forced to evaluate the trustworthiness
               | of each new app store they have to use.
               | 
               | Which will inevitably lead to some less tech savvy users
               | having their information phished out from their phones.
               | 
               | Personally, it sounds like a hassle to me. I'm a big fan
               | of the walled garden approach because I have zero desire
               | to evaluate app store's credibility and don't feel I'm
               | missing out on anything that could be side loaded, but
               | then again, I only use my phone for communication,
               | dating, photos, craigslist, and hackernews lately.
        
           | hpaavola wrote:
           | "I hope multiple App Stores don't become a thing on iOS. The
           | reason I like iPhone is that I am assured that apps I
           | download from App Store are not shit and curated by Apple."
           | 
           | Then dont install those other app stores and only rely on
           | apples curated list, if other app stores ever become a thing
           | on ios.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | The reality of what ends up happening is you end up with an
             | app store per publisher, and needing to manage your payment
             | details with each one individually, and deal with each
             | stores handling of your data. I don't want to install the
             | NYT store to download the nyt cooking app so they can take
             | a bigger cut on their subscription. The reason this hasn't
             | happened on Android is because you get a scary warning when
             | you install apps from other sources.
        
               | hpaavola wrote:
               | Exactly what's blocking apple from using same kinda
               | warning? So no, it wont happen.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | Good thing epic aren't suing google at the same time for
               | the exact reason we're discussing right here then isn't
               | it?
        
               | hpaavola wrote:
               | Epic is free to sue who ever they whish. That means
               | nothing. The argument was that 3rd party app stores would
               | somehow affect apples appstore quality. That's false. If
               | apple would allow installing apps from unknown sources
               | and just give ugly warnings then, thus letting 3rd party
               | appstores on ios, it would have no effect on qpple
               | appstore content.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | Do you think the existence of the epic store on wjncows
               | has had an effect on the content of steam?
               | 
               | A really good example right now is riot. They distribute
               | through their own launcher on PC rather than on steam.
               | They have two sizeable games on mobile right now (wild
               | rift and TFT). In a world where these are downloadable
               | from the riot launcher on iOS rather than the app store,
               | it seems likely riot (and other major publishers who do
               | the same on PC) would follow suit? I don't see how having
               | an app store without hearthstone, TFT, fortnite is the
               | same quality as one with.
        
               | hpaavola wrote:
               | Instead of trying to compare to other totally different
               | products, do the comparison to Android. Has any 3rd party
               | appstore affected play store in any way? No. Start your
               | argument from that fact.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | Yes. Fortnite isn't on the play store.
        
               | hpaavola wrote:
               | And it's not in apple appstore neither, so clearly the
               | reason is not the fact that non-playstore apps can be
               | installed.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | fortnite was in the app store until epic game's account
               | was terminated for terms-of-service violations, so
               | whatever point you're trying to make here isn't correct.
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53955183
        
               | cygx wrote:
               | _> The argument was that 3rd party app stores would
               | somehow affect apples appstore quality. That 's false._
               | 
               | With Apple in control, the developer faces the choice to
               | play by Apple's rules, or lose out on the money to be
               | made in their walled garden.
               | 
               | With Apple no longer in control, the user now faces the
               | choice to play by the developer's rules, or lose out on
               | the app.
               | 
               | That said, I'm actually not a fan of the walled garden
               | approach, and won't be buying an iPhone in the forseeable
               | future. It's just that I do understand the appeal.
        
               | Sargos wrote:
               | >With Apple in control, the developer faces the choice to
               | play by Apple's rules, or lose out on the money to be
               | made in their walled garden.
               | 
               | >With Apple no longer in control, the user now faces the
               | choice to play by the developer's rules, or lose out on
               | the app.
               | 
               | Android has proven this is not true. Google has the same
               | policies as Apple and does allow alternative app stores.
               | Turns out the world works in a common sense way and
               | everything turned out fine.
        
               | ssaturn wrote:
               | Except android has multiple app stores and most people
               | just end up using the main one. There is no good reason
               | to restrict user choice
        
             | cygx wrote:
             | The counter-argument runs like this:
             | 
             | Third party developers want to get their apps onto the
             | iPhone, because the platform has a lot of users, and
             | there's a lot of money to be made. However, they will be
             | forced to play by Apple's rules, which (according to the
             | argument) is good for the customer, as the custodian of the
             | platform has a vested interest in keeping them happy.
             | 
             | Now, if 3rd party stores were allowed, Apple's bargaining
             | power which allowed them to force 3rd parties to respect
             | the user's interest would go away, allowing developers to
             | deliver a worse (eg privacy-violating) product.
             | 
             | Users who do not like this deal are free to go with an
             | Android device instead of an iPhone. The popularity of the
             | latter might suggest that quite a few people are reasonably
             | happy with the status quo.
        
               | ThatPlayer wrote:
               | The question is does Apple's bargaining power come from
               | monopoly power? That's exactly what makes it anti-
               | competitive.
        
               | hpaavola wrote:
               | Counter-argument to what? As Android shows, allowing 3rd
               | party appstores has 0 effect on the main appstore
               | offering.
        
               | merrywhether wrote:
               | But if the iOS store is so much worse for devs than the
               | Play store, wouldn't there be more incentive for devs to
               | push for a legitimate alt store to succeed on iOS?
        
               | d3nj4l wrote:
               | Android's third-party app stores have been majorly gimped
               | for a long time _unless_ they were installed by the
               | manufacturer. Further, they don 't even have great reach
               | even if they're installed as such, as evidenced by Epic
               | wanting Fortnite back on the Play Store despite it being
               | available on the Galaxy store.
        
               | wayneftw wrote:
               | > The popularity of the latter might suggest that quite a
               | few people are reasonably happy with the status quo.
               | 
               | People haven't thought it through at all. If they've even
               | considered this aspect of it, I'd be surprised.
               | 
               | iPhone popularity is due to a mix of very good
               | engineering, presentation, marketing and network effects.
               | 
               | Smartphones are also very, very new for people. Give them
               | time and they'll rebel against a single point of control
               | sooner or later.
        
               | cygx wrote:
               | _> Give them time and they 'll rebel against a single
               | point of control sooner or later._
               | 
               | Who knows. Gaming consoles have had a decent run, but of
               | course that may not be that good a precedent as they've
               | not evolved into general-purpose computing devices to the
               | same degree that phones have...
        
               | pseudo0 wrote:
               | The customers who don't like the console system can game
               | on a PC. It's not a perfect substitute, but it's pretty
               | close. Is there any real equivalent that offers more user
               | control for smartphones though? Stock Android is a bit
               | less restrictive, but still pretty bad, and custom ROMs
               | are extremely niche.
        
               | MomoXenosaga wrote:
               | Android already has the majority of the market. Apple is,
               | perhaps deliberately, pricing themselves out of the
               | emerging markets in Africa and Asia.
               | 
               | It's the reason why I don't even really give a toss:
               | there's nothing on iOS that you can't get on Android.
        
               | lanstin wrote:
               | Except a lower chance of trouble if you down load an app
               | without some security assessment of it.
        
             | vbezhenar wrote:
             | It'll end up similarly to macOS AppStore. Developers will
             | avoid it, so user will be forced to use other stores to
             | make his phone useful.
        
             | hpaavola wrote:
             | vbezhenar, for some reason there is no reply link visible
             | in your commenr, so have to reply like this.
             | 
             | "It'll end up similarly to macOS AppStore. Developers will
             | avoid it, so user will be forced to use other stores to
             | make his phone useful."
             | 
             | So, kinda like on Androi... No, wait. It wont. Other stores
             | will be in the margins likd on Android.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | Have you seen the prompt you get when you install an app
               | outside the play store, (and even worse give it
               | permission to install other apps)?
               | 
               | Epic have made instructions on how to do it [0], it's a
               | four step process to be able to install the game that
               | involves changing two system default settings that both
               | warn you not to do what you're about to do.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.epicgames.com/fortnite/en-
               | US/mobile/android/new-...
        
               | hpaavola wrote:
               | I'm happy F-Droid user, so yes, i know the process.
        
           | ssaturn wrote:
           | Then don't download apps that aren't from the app store, no
           | one is forcing you to. But dont restrict choices of users who
           | want to.
        
           | galuggus wrote:
           | China has had multiple app storeson both ios (through
           | widespread jailbreaking- the shop you buy your iphine from
           | will install it for you)and android. The experience is very
           | poor. They are full of scammy, pirated apps(although they do
           | have emulators)
           | 
           | The majority of users just want their phone to work.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | There's nothing weird about it.
         | 
         | If there were no food regulations, _I_ don 't know if I'd be
         | able to pick restaurants and grocery store brands that were
         | safe to eat.
         | 
         | But I definitely know I want safe food to eat.
         | 
         | Most people want safe food but they want the _government_ to
         | figure out what that means.
         | 
         | Same thing here -- most people just want a safe app store. They
         | don't want the work of having to figure out which app stores
         | are how safe. They just want _Apple_ to figure that out for
         | them.
        
           | fors wrote:
           | Your comparison lags. There are food regulations yet there
           | are a lot of stores where I can buy food.
           | 
           | I trust the government to impose regulation on food
           | manufacturers but I trust vendors with their selection of
           | manufacturers. Why should the store landscape on iOS be any
           | different where I put my trust in the store?
           | 
           | This would actually mirror my food shopping as well. I trust
           | my vendor, why would this not translate to store operators on
           | the OS? Aside from the fact that Google and Apple have done a
           | piss poor job with this... I'm fairly certain I would trust
           | Epic, Valve or MS (or even EA and Ubi).
        
             | Thorentis wrote:
             | This argument lends itself to constantly shifting goal
             | posts. The moment Apple (the food safety authority) closes
             | down a store for a breach of standards it has enforced,
             | people will simply say that Apple is engaging in
             | censorship, or not being open enough with its platform, or
             | engaging in anti competitive behaviour.
             | 
             | The issue is compounded by imagining that the food safety
             | board ran its own restaurant. It then closes down the cafe
             | next door for unhygenic practices. Looks pretty bad right?
             | That's the situation Apple will be in _every time_ it has
             | to make a call on something like this.
        
               | bsaul wrote:
               | That's an interesting point. Note however that there are
               | countless stories of app removed by apple because they
               | supposedly duplicated apple apps or os features. So, in
               | some way they're _already_ in that boat.
        
               | InvertedRhodium wrote:
               | Sounds like a terrible position to be in, perhaps we
               | should require the vendors and the manufacturers to be
               | separate entities in order to avoid forcing anyone into
               | it.
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | Apple isn't the govt
        
           | kmonsen wrote:
           | It would more be like if food safety inspections were
           | optional, but only restaurants that opt in would be allowed
           | to show a sign they were inspected either physically or on
           | their web page. It would be trivial to be able to check for
           | this. Door dash would show a sign saying which restaurant is
           | safe to avoid being sued after an incident.
           | 
           | If you think restaurants and food safety is a good analogy
           | it's not a good argument for Apple in my opinion.
        
             | azinman2 wrote:
             | Except now there isn't just 1 inspector, but many. And you
             | have to figure out which you trust.
             | 
             | Now imagine there's a very popular restaurant, but it uses
             | an inspector you don't know if you trust. But you want to
             | eat the food because all your friends are already there...
             | so you'll go.
             | 
             | This is exactly what would happen-- various companies once
             | they reach a certain size will just want to have their own
             | store because either it makes them more money or they have
             | less restrictions. Just look at Facebook and the new 14.5
             | privacy features that are cutting into their ability to
             | collect data. If you let FB the chance to pull out, they'd
             | do it in a heartbeat knowing they could easily force
             | everyone to install their App Store... which would have 0
             | privacy restrictions and far less oversight (just look at
             | the Cambridge Analytica scandal for how FB might run an App
             | Store).
             | 
             | Given Apple mostly makes money selling hardware, they're
             | the best incentivized to protect its user base.
             | 
             | Disclaimer: I work for Apple but all views my own.
        
               | frosted-flakes wrote:
               | Apple could still limit the APIs that are available to
               | developers.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | But if there's no Apple App Store, you not only can't
               | prevent private APIs from being used (or abused), but you
               | certainly can't prevent cross--app tracking and a whole
               | host of other issues.
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | Apple is still the food inspector in this situation, and
             | epic wants an App Store without any apple oversight - I
             | doubt they allow a notarization-type system to be the
             | outcome of this court case.
        
           | remolacha wrote:
           | If there were two, or ten, food safety inspection groups, we
           | could figure out which ones had trustworthy ratings. No need
           | for end consumers to inspect every restaurant (every app)
           | individually. That's what Epic is asking for - to have its
           | own app store on iOS.
        
             | permo-w wrote:
             | First of all, I don't want to have to download a different
             | store every time a big app decides that they're too big for
             | the App Store, a la that EA piece Origin, the Epic Store,
             | the Curse Launcher - or whatever it's called this month -
             | and the Ubisoft Store, all competing with Steam. I just
             | want 1 and no more. That's the best user experience.
             | 
             | Second, I shouldn't have to remind you how well competing
             | regulators worked for the financial sector
             | 
             | Basically, I think something needs doing, but this ain't
             | it. Maybe Apple need their cut cut. They make enough damn
             | money. You could take their cut down to 5% and they'd still
             | be raking it in by the truckload
        
               | bsaul wrote:
               | Funny reading this. it's as if people installing games
               | from steam on their laptop, and mac apps from the apple
               | app store, then install adobe softwares from adobe
               | installers are living an insufferable life.
               | 
               | They're not. There are very easy ways to recognize a
               | trustworthy store. We're doing that every single day for
               | things we actually _ingest_.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | Which is _exactly_ what everyone wants to avoid.
             | 
             | Imagine if there were 10 inspection groups, but sometimes
             | they get bought by corrupt investors who let standards
             | slide while pocketing the extra profit, and consumers
             | constantly have to stay on top of which food inspection
             | groups are the current OK ones and which aren't, and
             | restaurants can't afford to get inspected by all 10 so they
             | only do 2 but then people who only trust another 2 won't go
             | there at all even though the food's fine, meanwhile the
             | most trustworthy group jacks up prices for restaurants like
             | crazy because restaurants know they have no choice...
             | 
             | It would be a nightmare. There's a reason that literally no
             | country does this, that food safety is virtually
             | universally considered to be a basic function of modern
             | government.
        
               | bsaul wrote:
               | Apple would definitely need to make guidelines for
               | stores. They would obviously be different than for apps,
               | and deal with more meta aspects of the regulation (such
               | as, fair examination of app submission, possibility for
               | rejected apps to appeal, obligation for app owner to be
               | identified, etc).
               | 
               | Much like a government can create quality standards and
               | then outsource parts of its missions to private sector.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | Zak wrote:
           | There's an important distinction here in that Apple is a for-
           | profit company, not a government. It responds to market
           | forces, not democratic ones. Its motivation is profit and
           | shareholder value, not some semblance of fairness or a good
           | society.
           | 
           | > _most people just want a safe app store_
           | 
           | We already have an example of how users behave when there's a
           | platform that has a default app store and the ability to
           | install others: only a tiny fraction of Android users
           | sideload apps at all, much less install other stores. Users
           | who don't want to think about which app stores are safe
           | simply won't; they'll use the default one.
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | I would argue that the US government is also a for-profit
             | government, don't give up your rights so quickly to them.
             | At least with Apple you know what they want: money. With
             | government it could be money, a power play, government
             | official looking to get on the map (ambition), a policy
             | lobbied for by a bought off politician, etc
        
           | jedberg wrote:
           | The difference is that the government is in theory
           | accountable to the people through elections and don't have a
           | profit motive. They have no reason to fail a restaurant on
           | their health inspection because they own a competing
           | restaurant.
           | 
           | Apple has broken incentives here. Otherwise they would
           | approve third party apps that compete with their own.
        
         | tolmasky wrote:
         | I'm a customer (and I have no apps on the AppStore), and I
         | constantly feel that the customer perspective is the best
         | reason to want multiple AppStores: the Apple AppStore _sucks_.
         | 
         | 1. Search is worthless. It's basically only useful for exact
         | string matches on app names. And even then, you get the
         | competitor app's ad that takes up 80% of the screen. They took
         | every bad aspect of Google's search (the confusing take-up too
         | much space ads), with none of the good parts (you know, the
         | actual searching smarts).
         | 
         | 2. The review section sucks. Instead of providing a streamlined
         | system to get help from the developer, they just give you a
         | place to rant. Reading the reviews isn't exactly ergonomic on a
         | phone screen either, so it's just a waste bin to throw
         | complaints at. Imagine if Apple actually lived up to their lip
         | service of app quality and integrated a support mechanism that
         | would reward apps that promptly replied (they would be marked
         | with the "helpful developer" badge and get more prominent
         | search placement for example).
         | 
         | 3. Discovery is non-existent. At some point in the last 5 years
         | I kind of just stopped "window shopping" the AppStore. I used
         | to think that the Top Charts were a lazy way to encourage
         | trying new things out -- but wow, it was way better than what
         | we have now. The first thing the AppStore shoves in my face is
         | these absurdly long profiles on developers or whatever as if
         | the AppStore is a magazine I want to read. I don't. I don't
         | care about some editorial article about the makers of some
         | game. And it takes up the entirety of the start screen instead
         | of trying to customize a variety of app suggestions _just for
         | me_. This is such a missed opportunity. I would spend so much
         | more money on the AppStore if it helped me at all to see new
         | things. The experience instead requires you to be proactive to
         | find things. Hence why it 's really just a glorified database
         | that's only really useful if you already know exactly what you
         | want ahead of time.
         | 
         | 4. It isn't safe at all. There are so many scams on the store.
         | Subscription scams, etc. Apple does this weird thing where they
         | simultaneously pretend they don't exist, _and uses them as
         | proof that their arcane review system is needed_. If the store
         | had no scams, they 'd say "see, our filters work!". If it does
         | have scams, they say "see, this is why the filters are so
         | necessary, imagine how much worse it would be without them!".
         | Anyways, as a customer, being "on the AppStore" no longer
         | _means_ anything to me from a quality or security perspective.
         | 
         | 5. The UI feels generally like it was designed by a government
         | bureaucracy or something. The tabs are: "Today", "Games",
         | "Apps", "Arcade", "Search". The only tab that makes sense on
         | first glance is Search (but then you find out how much the
         | Search sucks). Why is there an "Apps" section in the
         | "AppStore"? Aren't they all apps? It's like how there's Apple
         | TV+ in the TV app of Apple TV. And what the hell is the
         | difference between Games and Arcade? 40% of the UI is dedicated
         | to games, but split into two opaque categories, with "Apps" in-
         | between them. And "Today" is of course this stupid magazine
         | interface I've already complained about. It seems like it's an
         | infinite scroll interface of random bullshit, but eventually
         | you do reach the end of "Today," where you find how to redeem a
         | gift card and read the Terms & Conditions. All very "Today"
         | items.
         | 
         | Anyways, the AppStore Tim describes only makes sense in the
         | abstract. I wish they would just open the stupid store on
         | someone's phone in the trial and just try to use it. They've
         | managed to perfectly capture the combination of boredom and
         | cheapness of the free samples section of a grocery store,
         | complete with the employee not knowing what aisle you can
         | actually find the product at if you end up actually liking it
         | and wanting to buy it.
        
         | an_opabinia wrote:
         | The average iPhone user would not be able to tell the
         | difference between an official App Store and a sophisticated
         | copy.
        
           | Hamuko wrote:
           | Even though one of them is preloaded on the device and the
           | other one has to be separately added?
        
             | spideymans wrote:
             | Yes. Users have always been willing to disable security
             | measures to get shady software. Think of all the free
             | screensaver malware out there. To a pretty big chunk of
             | users basic computer security is inscrutable technobabble.
        
             | nr2x wrote:
             | Depends a) on who is doing the adding and b) if they know
             | what they are adding.
        
               | lanstin wrote:
               | Therefor the average user will not be able to keep
               | themselves safe. QED. Om the other hand, I do want root
               | on my devices. It can see both sides and it is not clear
               | to me what the solution is. I have already left Android
               | because I don't have time or interest to security assess
               | all the evil apps that look real similar to the free flow
               | games I like or the solitaire games. But thirty percent
               | is steep. And arguably Epic can curate games as well or
               | better than Apple. Debian for phones would be good but so
               | far the open source things are pricy and underpowered.
               | And the it is true the Apple store has a lot of bad apps
               | already and fake reviews. Lot of evil people clustering
               | around so many chances to become rich without delighting
               | customers.
        
             | d3nj4l wrote:
             | Given that tons of people blindly mash through any vaguely
             | worded permission box, you either have to have so many
             | strongly worded permission boxes that genuine competitors
             | cry foul (like what Epic alleged Google was doing) or you
             | have to make it easy for people to install alternatives,
             | making it ripe for abuse.
        
         | LexGray wrote:
         | A fairly obvious situation where the top google result is "Kid
         | friendly happy fun town App Store" set up by dark web Corp
         | where you can get pre hacked versions of all major commercial
         | apps for free with built in cheats at the cost of porn pop ups
         | and just trust me levels of scamware.
         | 
         | Most would go straight to Apple with their issues and how do
         | you fix "I don't know. My cousin installed it for me"?
        
           | musicale wrote:
           | > Most would go straight to Apple with their issues and how
           | do you fix "I don't know. My cousin installed it for me"?
           | 
           | Presumably Apple has run into the "my cousin installed it for
           | me" issue with Macs and they don't want to deal with it (or
           | pay for it) at iPhone scale.
        
       | eplanit wrote:
       | Hmmm.. Apple makes the phones that run only Apple's OS. Apple's
       | OS runs apps that others create, but only Apple controls (they
       | can dis-approve of you at any time, and can change the rules at
       | any time). Despite paying fees and sharing revenue with Apple,
       | that developer cannot create any other revenue for themself
       | without also paying-off Apple.
       | 
       | If this isn't a monopoly, then what the hell are antitrust laws
       | for?
        
         | freediver wrote:
         | It is not, because Apple is not the only supplier of the said
         | commodity (apps). And apps are not only not a basic human
         | right, but you can easilly get them elsewhere - Google,
         | Microsoft.. or just from the web.
         | 
         | What Apple is, is a private corporation with certain standards
         | and rules for their products (which is one of the things that
         | makes them desireable in the first place IMO). You have to obey
         | these rules to get the benefit of their distribution platform.
         | Millions of people end enterprises do because they believe
         | those benefits outweight the cost and risk, us included.
         | 
         | Imagine I want to sell my goods at a local farmer's market. I
         | have to get their approval, obey their rules and pay their
         | fees. It is up to me to wage in pros and cons. We accept that
         | as perfectly normal. If it was the only farmer's market in the
         | country then it would become problematic.
         | 
         | What should happen is that this regulates through market
         | forces. If indeed enough people are in protest of those rules
         | so much that they start voting with their wallets elsewhere,
         | thus hurting Apple's bottomline in a meaningful way, then the
         | market just created pressures for Apple to change those rules.
        
         | dublidu wrote:
         | People are too fixated on the definition of monopoly. We should
         | just focus on anti-competitive practices.
        
           | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
           | That would solve a lot of _"well at worse it's a duopoly so
           | you still have a choice!"_. But I've given up on purchasable
           | politicians to enforce antitrust on big tech a long time ago.
           | So I don't know how it will happen. I'd sooner expect
           | congressional term limits which might help.
        
         | plandis wrote:
         | Apple doesn't even have 30% of the smart phone market globally
         | how can they have a monopoly on apps? Developers can just stop
         | developing for Apple based systems if they chose.
        
         | theshrike79 wrote:
         | Compare it with this
         | 
         | > Microsoft makes gaming consoles that run only Xbox OS. Xbox
         | OS runs apps that others create, but only Microsoft controls
         | (they can dis-approve of you at any time, and can change the
         | rules at any time). Despite paying fees and sharing revenue
         | with Microsoft, that developer cannot create any other revenue
         | for themself without also paying-off Microsoft.
         | 
         | Now do the same with Sony and Playstation, Nintendo and their
         | consoles etc.
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | > If Apple let developers tell users about other payment methods,
       | Cook said later, "we would in essence give up our total return on
       | our IP
       | 
       | Well you could charge developers per download. I find these
       | arguments very audacious and entitled. Saying that developers are
       | not entitled to profits, only apple is, with a straight face,
       | is... remarkable
        
         | gondo wrote:
         | With some limited amount of downloads for free bundled in apple
         | developer subscription.
        
       | framecowbird wrote:
       | I just don't buy this argument that Apple maintaining control
       | over iOS is necessary for privacy. I think it's a false
       | dichotomy. If you build a good OS, with good strong APIs, you can
       | achieve both privacy and a more open ecosystem.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Also, Apple is conflating AppStore with ContentFilter. They are
         | separate things which can be installed separately depending on
         | the user's wishes.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | Lets say Apple allowed side-loading. They would have no way to
         | examine side-loaded apps to see what they do. iOS would have to
         | provide access to various basic services like networking and
         | connectivity, but not e.g. your address book without checking
         | with the user. All well and good.
         | 
         | So I could write an app that interrogates the cellular network
         | and other sources to implement location tracking (cruder than
         | GPS but good enough for many purposes), snoops local wifi
         | networks for information about connected devices. Even if it
         | couldn't run in the background, it could snoop network traffic
         | from iOS built in background services while it was running. If
         | it had a built-in browser function it could track whatever
         | browsing activity it liked. I'm sure there are plenty of other
         | snooping activities that could be implemented that I can't
         | think of in 5 minutes.
         | 
         | So there are plenty of ways such an app could violate your
         | privacy, and you would never know. Right now, such apps have to
         | pass App Store Review and such activity can be detected and the
         | App kicked out. So side-loading potentially bypasses a lot of
         | controls that can't really be implemented directly in the OS.
         | 
         | Users like yourself might assume that Apple could prevent these
         | things in the OS, might think that even with side loading this
         | is Apple's responsibility to protect you from it, as you seem
         | to do. That a "good OS" as you put it would not allow these
         | things to happen even in side loaded apps, therefore iOS can't
         | be a "good OS" if side loaded apps break your privacy in ways
         | you hadn't anticipated. But it's not all about the OS. This is
         | the sort of reputational damage Apple is trying to avoid.
        
           | StavrosK wrote:
           | Android allows sideloading today and none of the things you
           | claim are possible. If you want to interrogate the cellular
           | network for tower locations, you need location permission.
           | Same for WiFi and BT.
        
           | abecedarius wrote:
           | Your argument presumes apps get capabilities by default. OSes
           | have been invented where apps get _nothing_ implicitly (the
           | object-capability model); it 's a design problem to install
           | mass-market apps with usable security in that paradigm, and
           | it might be a difficult one. But there's been a _little_ work
           | on it and it 's worth pursuing.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | Sure, but when you grant capabilities you can't be sure
             | what is being done with them. That's why you need static
             | analysis, behavioural analysis and the whole test regime of
             | App Store review to catch these sorts of activities. That's
             | why Apple has an app store review process, otherwise they
             | could bake all the restrictions into the OS itself. With
             | permissioning for side loaded apps you can't know or
             | enforce activities with the granted services. Yet people
             | like framecowbird will still blame Apple for not producing
             | a "good OS" that protects them anyway.
        
               | abecedarius wrote:
               | The capability you give an app for X doesn't have to be
               | the raw system X. It can interpose some policy or
               | tracking-of-use, or let you revoke just the X, or fake
               | the whole X to begin with, etc. This is one of the things
               | distinguishing the object capability model from basic
               | sandboxing. Another is that the set of kinds of X's is
               | open-ended -- anyone can make up higher-level
               | abstractions like an advertising server with a defined
               | protocol, so that users who've gotta have a free ad-
               | supported app can use one without giving it unlimited and
               | unaudited network access.
               | 
               | I'd expect the store to come with standardized packages
               | of capabilities for common kinds of apps.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | Do you really think that companies lobbying for side-
               | loading of their apps, and getting legislation through to
               | force it on Apple, would be satisfied with heavily locked
               | down access to subsets of functionality? To more
               | restricted access than App Store apps? Somehow I don't
               | see that being acceptable to the side-loading lobby.
               | 
               | An App Store App can be granted low level network access
               | etc because it can be vetted and censured if found in
               | violation of policies. Side loaded app developers will
               | demand the same access.
        
               | abecedarius wrote:
               | Every hardware capability is potentially available in
               | this kind of framework. It's ultimately up to the user
               | whether an app can get at it, or with what limits. This
               | is an inevitable source of problems for sufficiently
               | reckless users, but it should be possible for reasonable
               | users to keep reasonable control -- not just hacker
               | types.
               | 
               | A "side-loading lobby" wouldn't have grounds to demand
               | more. (The overenthusiastic copyright lobby would
               | probably have better luck in getting their demands wired
               | in, going by history, but that's another issue.)
        
             | paulmd wrote:
             | If there is no app-store review process then all apps will
             | demand full permissions, which means apps effectively get
             | everything by default.
             | 
             | If it's a choice between permissions and not using the app
             | then users will give them the permissions, and that is the
             | choice app developers will give users.
        
       | wccrawford wrote:
       | Other news on this has quotes from Tim Cook saying that they'd
       | have to find a way to track purchases on IOS and bill developers
       | so that Apple still gets their cut when using other payment
       | processors.
       | 
       | For me, this is way over the line. If they want to charge
       | developers to be on their store, fine. I don't have a problem
       | with that. And charging for using them as a payment processor
       | makes sense. Charging for using Apple services makes sense.
       | 
       | But charging them simply because they make money while on a
       | device that an end-user owns? No. Apple doesn't own that device
       | any more. They sold it to someone. Apple owns the store, and the
       | infrastructure. If a developer isn't using that infrastructure,
       | they don't owe anything.
       | 
       | I'd be fine with however they want to charge, if there was
       | another way to be on IOS.
       | 
       | I'd be less happy with developers being able to use their own
       | payment processors and be on the app store for free. There's a
       | chilling anti-free-speech type of thing going on there.
       | 
       | But I'm dead set against _both_ of those happening at once, as it
       | currently is.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | I just like to remember - the cut gets passed onto the
         | customers.
         | 
         | There are times this is appropriate - there are times this is
         | not.
        
         | adflux wrote:
         | Charging people to make use of their IP is fair IMO. Its
         | similar to paying taxes, even if you don't use the services the
         | taxes are for. The user benefits from Apple maintaining their
         | OS, so has to pay. A citizen paying taxes benefits from all the
         | services the country offers, so he pays taxes.
        
           | MattRix wrote:
           | As the judge mentions during the trial, many large
           | corporations such as banks have apps with millions of users,
           | yet they don't pay Apple a cent. Meanwhile Epic has to give
           | Apple 30% of everything they make. Video games are
           | subsidizing banks, it's absurd.
        
           | belltaco wrote:
           | Imagine Microsoft doing this on Windows.
        
             | matwood wrote:
             | MS and Windows is simply not related to the Apple
             | situation, unless MS decided to only allow Windows on its
             | own hardware thus creating a closed ecosystem.
             | 
             | The closest analogy to Apple is the game console industry.
             | Even then it's a different scale.
             | 
             | IMO, the App Store situation is an entirely new class of
             | problem unlikely to be solved in this case. It doesn't
             | easily fall under existing monopoly regulation, and does
             | have some advantages for consumers along with
             | disadvantages. Unfortunately, I think Apple is being short
             | sighted here. By not addressing the most egregious issues
             | (30% for example), they are setting themselves up to be
             | regulated which will probably end up being worse for
             | everyone. A sledgehammer will end being used where a
             | scalpel was needed.
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | > unless MS decided to only allow Windows on its own
               | hardware thus creating a closed ecosystem.
               | 
               | I presume this was what the word "imagine" meant?
        
             | fnord123 wrote:
             | They planned to (or started putting the frog in the port
             | with some lukewarm water) and got heavy push back from
             | their partners. This is what precipitated Valve to make the
             | Steam Machine.
             | 
             | https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-18996377
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | Which was a failure, because other than Valve and a
               | couple of gamers, no one cares.
        
               | fnord123 wrote:
               | What was a failure?
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | Steam Machines.
        
               | MattRix wrote:
               | Worth noting that one of the people complaining loudest
               | was Tim Sweeney, ex.
               | https://venturebeat.com/2016/03/04/epics-tim-sweeney-
               | questio...
        
             | cat199 wrote:
             | or any web browser doing this for e-commerce..
        
           | deergomoo wrote:
           | The problem with this view is it assumes developers need the
           | iPhone more than the iPhone needs developers, which is
           | absolutely not the case. It's symbiotic certainly--for better
           | or worse far more money is spent on iOS than Android--but
           | without apps the iPhone would be basically useless.
           | 
           | In my opinion, Apple needs to acknowledge that, rather than
           | acting like developers owe them the shirt off their backs.
        
             | spectre3d wrote:
             | > without [third party] apps the iPhone would be basically
             | useless.
             | 
             | It was good enough for the first year before the App Store
             | existed, and it sold well enough to prove it.
             | 
             | Even now, it's plenty capable right out of the box without
             | installing anything.
             | 
             | A device in 2007 that had first-party apps for email, web
             | browsing, YouTube, weather, calendar, clock, address book,
             | phone, calculator and music player, that also synced with
             | your main personal computer was perfectly fine for many
             | people.
        
               | deergomoo wrote:
               | It was fine for the time (just about)--it would very much
               | not have been fine over the last 10 years or so.
               | 
               | Just look at Windows Phone, the biggest sticking point of
               | every single device was that the app support just wasn't
               | there. While it's hard to say with certainty, it seems
               | that's what ultimately stopped the platform gaining any
               | traction.
        
             | dec0dedab0de wrote:
             | _without apps the iPhone would be basically useless._
             | 
             | An IPhone is pretty useful right out of the box. Not to
             | mention that most of the apps that people actually use
             | could be web pages. And if they really wanted to, apple
             | could always dip into their cash reserves and start making
             | more of their own apps.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Each developer needs apple more than Apple needs each
             | developer.
             | 
             | Developers need to ally with each other, then they can
             | force Apple's hands.
             | 
             | What's funny is that developers are practically in the best
             | job to do that. Their jobs allow them tons of time to
             | communicate with each other, they're highly educated and
             | able to communicate, and they have the know how to operate
             | the mechanisms allowing them to communicate (forums, email,
             | chat groups).
             | 
             | So what is stopping developers? I can only assume they're
             | not yet being taken advantage of by Apple sufficiently to
             | warrant the efforts of banding together.
        
               | calsy wrote:
               | Developers have no leverage because there are no
               | alternatives. What can they do, take their apps and leave
               | the store?
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Release on Android only.
        
               | sciprojguy wrote:
               | https://appleinsider.com/articles/21/01/05/app-store-
               | earns-7...
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Yes, and if that does not work, then the situation is
               | that not only does each developer need Apple more than
               | Apple needs each developer, but that developers in
               | general need Apple more than Apple needs developers.
               | 
               | Which would contradict the claim that developers are
               | having to pay outsize fees compared to their relevance to
               | Apple's business.
        
               | adflux wrote:
               | Do you think the same about paying taxes?
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | Yes, exactly that - go on strike.
               | 
               | And the position is just like employees - one leaves, and
               | mgt says "so what"? Many leave and mgt is screwed.
               | 
               | Maybe developers could even create a fund to help
               | themselves survive a 'strike', and/or to help fund
               | alternatives such as versions on Android.
               | 
               | Enough leave en masse, and Apple will have no choice but
               | to listen.
               | 
               | Until then, Apple divides & conquers.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | Cook didn't say anything about tracking purchases, or even
         | getting a cut as such. He said they would need to find another
         | way to invoice developers, which just means another revenue
         | model, that's all.
        
           | simondotau wrote:
           | Invoice developers for using their intellectual property? How
           | dare Apple expect a revenue share from developers who use
           | their tools and libraries.
           | 
           | Companies that make tools and libraries should be forced to
           | give them away for free. Like Unreal Engine. Completely free,
           | no exceptions.
        
             | rahkiin wrote:
             | They charge royalty on revenue
        
               | simondotau wrote:
               | Correct, that's what both companies do.
        
             | captainredbeard wrote:
             | ...why?
        
         | Despegar wrote:
         | >For me, this is way over the line. If they want to charge
         | developers to be on their store, fine. I don't have a problem
         | with that. And charging for using them as a payment processor
         | makes sense. Charging for using Apple services makes sense.
         | 
         | Developers have been so steeped in propaganda about "payment
         | processing" that they have no idea what the 30% commission is
         | for.
         | 
         | A court or regulator could force Apple to allow third-party
         | payment processing, side-loading, and third-party app stores,
         | and Apple could change their business model to directly charge
         | for the tools and the SDKs that every developer uses to make
         | native apps. The only way to avoid those costs is the way that
         | already exists today: make a web app.
         | 
         | Right now the payment processing costs have been integrated
         | into the commission, but they could charge whatever the market
         | could bear to license their IP for a royalty, so in effect
         | developers could end up paying more.
         | 
         | There's nothing in law that says Apple can't charge money for
         | their software. That the use of developer tools and SDKs were
         | free on other platforms like the Mac doesn't mean that it's
         | legally required that it be given away for free.
        
           | clusterfish wrote:
           | They make billions from that 30% cut, and the only reason
           | they can do that is because they disallow all other payments,
           | or even a mention in your app that you can pay elsewhere.
           | They would never be able to charge that much if they allowed
           | any competition, which is exactly why they need to be
           | regulated to allow it.
           | 
           | They can't charge a cut of revenue unless they monopolize
           | payment processing, so if as you say they start charging for
           | developer tools, if they charge too much of a flat rate for
           | those, many developers will rightfully walk away, so no, they
           | can't make obscene profits like they're doing now without
           | controlling all payments in iOS apps.
        
             | Despegar wrote:
             | No they get the billions from their intellectual property.
             | There's a bunch of pro-user, pro-Apple, and pro-developer
             | reasons why they are the single source for apps and payment
             | processing, but that's not the source of the billions, as I
             | just explained.
             | 
             | There's a bunch of reasons why it'd be a PITA for everyone
             | involved if they were forced to do this, but no matter what
             | happens the revenue sharing is never going to go away as
             | long as Apple wants to keep that business model. All the
             | frictional costs (more lawyers and accountants) to verify
             | they collect the right royalties is exactly why courts are
             | ultimately going to side with Apple, because the current
             | system is the ideal one for all parties.
        
         | derefr wrote:
         | > But charging them simply because they make money while on a
         | device that an end-user owns?
         | 
         | What Apple are _trying_ to do is to make back the CapEx of
         | developing the OS frameworks developers are relying upon. Those
         | frameworks often make up a non-negligible fraction of an app 's
         | USP, i.e. they're partly why the developer is making money.
         | 
         | Apple see whatever slice of _market value_ their OS frameworks
         | added to the developer 's product, as _morally_ being _their_
         | money. Whether there 's a legal/contractual framework in place
         | to grab that money or not, they feel like they _should_ be
         | pursuing it.
         | 
         | Compare and contrast: music producers sampling some other IP-
         | holder's work. You'd _expect_ , as a producer, that if half of
         | your song was just sampled from another particular song, then
         | 50% of the revenue of your song would be _morally_ owed to the
         | IP-holder of the other song.
         | 
         | And also, if you had a contract with the IP-holder that paid
         | less than 50% out to them, that'd certainly be _legal_ , but
         | you'd also likely feel that it'd be you getting one up on them
         | -- you'd be coming away with more margin than you "deserve",
         | and them with less than they "deserve", given the amount of
         | work each of you put into the final product.
         | 
         | Apple thinks that they "deserve" 10-30% of the value App Store
         | apps capture, because they do 10-30% of the work in making
         | every App Store app (in advance, by building frameworks.) It's
         | not about _how_ the app wants to capture that value, any more
         | than income taxes are about _how_ you make money. They 're both
         | about the fact that you _did_ make the money, and the
         | 'infrastructural substrate' that 'invested' in you to help you
         | make that money, wants what it sees as its implicit preferred-
         | shareholder-dividend for that 'investment'.
        
           | clusterfish wrote:
           | Who the hell needs an OS or a device that can't run third
           | party apps? Their devices are nothing without those. Those
           | frameworks aren't optional frills for the sake for
           | developers' benefit, they're basic functionality that end
           | users already paid hundreds or thousands of dollars for. End
           | users paying is how it always worked on desktop too before
           | they spread this monopolistic poison there too.
           | 
           | It's amazing how far people will go to justify a monopoly
           | squeezing everyone it deals with just because they have a
           | good brand and make nice products.
        
             | derefr wrote:
             | > Who the hell needs an OS or a device that can't run third
             | party apps?
             | 
             | The first iPhone didn't run third-party apps. Also, the
             | average number of apps _paid for_ per smart-device is  < 1.
             | Most people just use free apps.
             | 
             | Those free apps -- and their users -- are essentially free
             | riders on the CapEx of OS framework development, since
             | Apple can't put a tax on income an app doesn't have. So the
             | remaining apps need to be taxed at a higher rate to
             | compensate.
             | 
             | > Those frameworks aren't optional frills for the sake for
             | developers' benefit, they're basic functionality that end
             | users already paid hundreds or thousands of dollars for.
             | 
             | There are basic OS frameworks that are just table-stakes
             | for having a mobile OS, yes. But there are also some
             | incredibly-specialized frameworks -- things that
             | differentiate iOS development from Android development.
             | Reasons devs choose to build an iOS-exclusive app.
             | 
             | Apple has, for example, a 3D AR framework, with specialized
             | (neural-network; depth-sensing) hardware in every device
             | put there just to _enable_ the 3D AR framework. No first-
             | party apps really use it for anything. It 's just there for
             | third-party devs.
             | 
             | That's not "basic functionality." That's an extremely-
             | specialized tool that only a few apps will take advantage
             | of, and for those apps, it's a large part of what makes the
             | app a distinctive experience that can't be had on Android.
             | 
             | If not for the fact of requiring special hardware that only
             | Apple can add to the phone, it wouldn't be an OS feature;
             | it'd be a fancy standalone SDK that Apple recoups costs on
             | by selling to developers. Same as they sold e.g.
             | WebObjects, back when.
             | 
             | Think of it like this: a city will build most roads "for
             | free", with no increase to your taxes. Those roads are
             | table-stakes to running city infrastructure. They take them
             | out of the budget by reallocating funding away from other
             | things, because citizens would riot if their taxes went up
             | with every road built.
             | 
             | But some very-capital-intensive roads that not everybody in
             | the city needs equal access to -- e.g. bridges -- are built
             | by the city to be _toll roads_. The business model for
             | these roads is different: rather than the costs of building
             | them coming from the treasury, they 're passed on directly
             | to the people who are most advantaged by the road being
             | built: exactly those who will still use the road even with
             | a toll, meaning exactly those who are economically gaining
             | from travelling the road.
             | 
             | More often than not, that's businesses (e.g.
             | freight/logistics services.) The 18-wheeler delivering your
             | groceries is paying to use the more-efficient route over
             | the bridge, because that route saves it money, and so
             | increases its profits; and the trade still makes sense even
             | when a part of those increased profits go to the city.
             | 
             | > It's amazing how far people will go to justify a monopoly
             | squeezing everyone it deals with just because they have a
             | good brand and make nice products.
             | 
             | I'm just trying to explain here _why Apple think_ they 're
             | owed 10% of devs' money. I'm not saying they're _right_ in
             | that perception. Just that it 's clearly a tempting chain
             | of logic _from their perspective_.
             | 
             | Also, it's a chain of logic that I believe is correct when
             | applied to small businesses (like the aforementioned small
             | music artist getting deeply sampled by a song that makes a
             | lot of money.) I don't see any difference in applying it to
             | a monopoly.
             | 
             | Apple's App Store monopoly _enables the extraction_ of
             | "what they think they're owed" on a scale not possible with
             | regular market players, and I'd say that _that 's_
             | definitely bad -- but the answer isn't to reject the whole
             | chain of logic of "your profitable thing is 90% my
             | copyrighted IP, so I want royalties" being a valid business
             | model. It just means that Apple should have the power that
             | enables that extraction taken away.
        
         | 0xEFF wrote:
         | > If a developer isn't using that infrastructure, they don't
         | owe anything.
         | 
         | How would a developer build an iOS app without using any system
         | calls or OS frameworks? Xcode?
         | 
         | "Infrastructure" is a blurry concept in such a deeply
         | integrated system.
        
           | Clewza313 wrote:
           | Apple already charges developers for the privilege of
           | developing on/for its platform.
           | 
           | And notably, Android seems to do fine both a) letting devs
           | use the Android ecosystem for free, and b) allowing
           | sideloading apps outside the Play Store.
        
             | iosjunkie wrote:
             | The argument goes that then the consumer pays with their
             | privacy. Ie Google foots the R&D bill to get the end user
             | data and to keep users in the Google ecosystem.
        
           | peoplefromibiza wrote:
           | IMO it's not that blurry.
           | 
           | The real point is if Apple wants (or should have the right)
           | to collect taxes on their infrastructure and act like a
           | Government - think about VAT - or they are only selling
           | consumer devices instead.
           | 
           | If I buy a tractor from John Deere and make money out of the
           | products I can grow using that tractor I don't have to pay a
           | fee to John Deere, even thought without the JD my fields
           | would probably be much less profitable or plainly
           | unprofitable.
           | 
           | So the question is: has Apple built a digital Nation? And in
           | that case, should they be the only monopolistic option?
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | However, what makes it even blurrier is that, in the US,
             | being a monopoly (despite what you may have heard) is
             | actually NOT illegal. What is illegal is the monopoly using
             | its monopoly power to perpetuate its monopoly power.
             | 
             | However, historically, this was almost always because the
             | monopoly did something like change the rules to benefit
             | themselves after they became a monopoly. From the law's
             | perspective, Apple didn't do anything like that. Apple
             | didn't raise the commission to, say, 50%. Apple hasn't
             | changed the rules since, like, 2009 before they had the
             | theoretical "monopoly" status. This makes proving an
             | illegal monopoly case against Apple (because monopolies are
             | not intrinsically illegal) more difficult.
        
               | rebelos wrote:
               | > Apple hasn't changed the rules since, like, 2009 before
               | they had the theoretical "monopoly" status.
               | 
               | This couldn't be further from the truth. They have carved
               | out many exceptions to the 30% commission over the years
               | - often as part of sweetheart deals to attract larger
               | entities that have negotiating leverage, such as Netflix
               | and Amazon.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | Yes, but in monopoly law, the rules haven't changed from
               | the perspective that Apple hasn't raised prices. Apple
               | can lower them all they want, but if they raise them when
               | they got their monopoly status so as to take advantage of
               | their market, that would be illegal.
               | 
               | However, that relies on the idea that Apple is even a
               | monopoly to begin with, and that really depends on what
               | you define "the market" as. Is the product an iPhone and
               | the whole cohesive experience with it (IAP and App Store
               | included) in which case it's a duopoly at best, or are
               | these separate markets that it is possible to have a
               | monopoly in?
        
               | peoplefromibiza wrote:
               | As a non American this is very interesting knowledge.
               | 
               | I have a question: in USA could Tesla force Tesla
               | Powerwall owners to only buy electricity from Tesla
               | approved suppliers and when they sell their product
               | through Tesla store, Tesla gets a 30% cut?
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | In theory, if they sold you the product with that
               | restriction out of the box and didn't change it later to
               | do this, so you bought the product knowing with basic
               | research that it would be restricted in this way, yes
               | they could.
        
               | rebelos wrote:
               | > Yes, but in monopoly law, the rules haven't changed
               | from the perspective that Apple hasn't raised prices.
               | Apple can lower them all they want, but if they raise
               | them when they got their monopoly status so as to take
               | advantage of their market, that would be illegal.
               | 
               | Once again you're wrong and you should really stop
               | commenting on business law. There are a wide range of
               | legal precedents that have bearing here and these
               | specific dealings could absolutely be ruled as
               | anticompetitive in court.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | One of the illegal things under US monopoly law is tying
               | --using your monopoly power in one market to enter
               | another market by bundling the two products together and
               | undercutting the competition.
               | 
               | Apple's push into payment processing here smacks very
               | heavily of illegal tying to me, especially given how
               | broadly Apple interprets competitor payment processing
               | methods. In effect, the specific sin that got Fortnite
               | kicked off was charging a lower price for using a
               | company-specific gift card instead of using Apple's
               | payment method. I don't see how that's not abusive tying.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | Tying is actually not illegal and is common business
               | practice if you don't have a monopoly. Apple started
               | doing this all the way back in 2009, before they had a
               | monopoly even from Epic's perspective. Therefore, the
               | argument is that they aren't tying monopolistically
               | because they were tying before they were even close to
               | monopoly status. In which case, they haven't changed the
               | rules, and also in which case the current antitrust law
               | doesn't really address.
               | 
               | If you are following Apple vs Epic, even Epic admits this
               | and says they can't pinpoint when Apple became a supposed
               | monopoly, and argues that the tying is illegal because
               | Apple is so large, not that it was illegal to begin with
               | (because Epic admits that it would not have been illegal
               | when Apple started). This is also why many legal experts
               | say Epic has an uphill battle, because antitrust really
               | only addresses abuses in monopoly power, not so much on
               | what got you to that monopoly power.
        
           | jhgb wrote:
           | How is infrastructure "a blurry concept"? If it doesn't touch
           | Apple's servers, it's none of Apple's business.
        
         | jbverschoor wrote:
         | Sure. But who owns the software? You bought a license for that.
         | 
         | This is no different from a lot of other platforms. And quite
         | frankly, I'm happy about that, if you compare with
         | incompatible, unupdated, and malicious software on android
         | 
         | Google will and is already following Apple with this
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | "When questioned by Epic Games lawyers, Cook declined to answer
         | a question about whether Apple's iPhone competes with Google's
         | Android in the operating system market."
         | 
         | Let us rephrase the question. Does iOS compete with Android in
         | the operating system market.
         | 
         | "Customers don't buy operating systems. They buy devices," Cook
         | said."
         | 
         | True. Operating systems can be had for free. Customers
         | generally do not buy them (as a separate item), but they do
         | choose them, when they are allowed to do so.
         | 
         | What if customers had the option to buy Apple devices without
         | Apple's choice of operating system pre-installed. Apple would
         | never let customers have that choice. A million excuses.
         | 
         | "Tech" companies, as well as Microsoft and Apple, remove
         | choice. Users pay nothing for the OS. Someone else pays (OEMs
         | in the case of Microsoft). The OS is pre-installed. Choice is
         | removed. No different than a "default setting" (e.g., "default
         | search engine" for which Google paid $1B to Apple in 2014). The
         | friction to change a pre-installed OS or default setting is too
         | great for most customers. The companies know this and exploit
         | it.
         | 
         | Cook suggests that if the customer wants another OS, one that
         | allows a wider variety of apps to be installed, then she can
         | buy a different device. How is that for interoperability.
         | 
         | The OS, when controlled by an intermediary such as Apple, is a
         | means of control over users (as well as developers). Any
         | argument that _theroretically_ the most safe, secure and
         | private OS by design is one that the user cannot fully control
         | is unconvincing. If a customer wants privacy against Apple or
         | its business partners, for example, iOS is not designed to
         | offer that.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | Unfortunately, Apple has to maintain this rule because
         | otherwise developers will implement workarounds to avoid
         | charging in the App Store altogether.
         | 
         | Remember when eBay charged a commission on the sale price but
         | not shipping? Suddenly $50 items became $1 with $49 shipping --
         | so eBay had to charge the commission on the shipping too even
         | though it didn't seem "fair".
         | 
         | Same here -- every app would turn free, and charge to unlock
         | features within using their own payment mechanism. Apple's App
         | Store revenue would drop to zero. No developer in their right
         | mind would let Apple take a cut of _anything_.
         | 
         | As a general rule, app stores simply don't allow third-party
         | payment in apps that don't go through the store, for this exact
         | reason. It's not just Apple with this policy.
        
           | mapgrep wrote:
           | Not true, the eBay analogy is pretty flawed. Unlike with eBay
           | this isn't a matter of simply shifting classification of
           | revenue - the app store is guaranteed to be the most
           | convenient and obvious way to charge for any given app or
           | service related to that app due to Apple's other rules. They
           | prevent developers from mentioning or linking other payments
           | avenues. And if you want to charge in app of course it's only
           | via Apple. From what I've seen only big existing and strong
           | brand services like Netflix are able to overcome these
           | barriers and even some of those still pay Apples feee
           | (Spotify).
           | 
           | The playing field remains tilted heavily in Apples favor. But
           | they (apparently) wanted even more - extensive compensation
           | for economic activity that happens far from the App Store
           | even when the link to the App Store is secondary.
           | 
           | The economic history of this sort of activity is well
           | documented, and the extent to which it distorts markets well
           | established. It's plainly an antitrust violation, and both
           | society and the software market would be free-er and more
           | prosperous if our laws were enforced here.
        
           | michaelmrose wrote:
           | It is literally just Apple because you can install apps
           | outside the company store on other platforms.
           | 
           | The inability to install outside the store is what makes
           | disallowing outside payment an issue.
           | 
           | The combination means that you can't sell to a customer
           | without going through apple because they have used their
           | control of the hardware to take the decision of whom to do
           | business with from you in order to stand there with their
           | hand out.
        
             | paulmd wrote:
             | allowing sideloading instantly shreds user privacy because
             | any sufficiently-large customer (f.ex facebook) will
             | immediately demand their app be sideloaded to bypass app
             | review, and given full permissions so they can scrape
             | everything. Facebook for example has already gotten their
             | hand slapped for doing exactly this using their developer
             | credentials, and if it suddenly becomes viable to do this
             | for the full user-base then it will happen immediately and
             | without any recourse by users.
             | 
             | https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/01/facebook-and-
             | google-...
             | 
             | that is the true red-line from a user perspective. go on
             | and have your spat about whether 30% is fair or not, but
             | the app-review process is the keystone on which the
             | permissions system rests, allowing sideloading is
             | tantamount to allowing all major apps full-permissions
             | overnight and essentially making the permissions system
             | meaningless.
             | 
             | the only viable solution I can see that allows third-party
             | app stores would be to require that Apple still review all
             | apps on third-party app stores to enforce the requirements
             | surrounding permissioning (i.e. having a valid reason to
             | request the permissions you're requesting) and they would
             | still need to charge for that.
             | 
             | "third party app stores without any review, but Apple still
             | gets a cut" would be the worst of all possible outcomes.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | > any sufficiently-large customer (f.ex facebook) will
               | immediately demand their app be sideloaded to bypass app
               | review, and given full permissions so they can scrape
               | everything.
               | 
               | If Facebook is chomping at the bit to do this on iOS as
               | soon as they can, then why haven't they done it on
               | Android where they already can?
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | Its the users phone let them decide. Apple can strongly
               | encourage users to stick to first party stores and
               | require developers to agree to terms and conditions to
               | access the sdk. Warn users who side load in as scary
               | terms as you please.
               | 
               | Nobody who doesn't opt in for privacy shredding will have
               | their privacy shredded.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | > Its the users phone let them decide. ... Nobody who
               | doesn't opt in for privacy shredding will have their
               | privacy shredded.
               | 
               | If you don't opt-in to privacy shredding then you will be
               | locked out of being able to use facebook, whatsapp, and
               | other "network effect" things that you more or less don't
               | have a choice about without cutting out communication
               | with large parts of your social network, so this is not
               | really a "free choice" at all.
               | 
               | Right now those companies don't have the leverage to lock
               | out Apple users. This immediately gives them that
               | leverage and they will use it, just like they already
               | have tried (and gotten their hands slapped for).
               | 
               | App store review is the only thing standing between you
               | and Facebook demanding full permissions for everything,
               | and allowing third-party app stores or sideloading is a
               | mortal blow to app store review.
               | 
               | I understand that you don't personally care but the Apple
               | customer base does, a large number of them _specifically
               | choose that_ because Apple is using their leverage in
               | favor of the customer here. You can get the experience
               | you desire on the dominant smartphone platform (with 85%
               | of the global smartphone marketshare), just leave us the
               | freedom to choose this experience as well. You 're
               | arguing that we should be explicitly denied this because
               | it's not convenient for Facebook.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | >otherwise developers will implement workarounds to avoid
           | charging in the App Store altogether.
           | 
           | The Windows store has plenty of applications despite having
           | fees (5%).
           | 
           | As an aside- to me that seems like an important
           | differentiating factor. Apps must pay a fee to be on these
           | platforms. Who do they pay the fee to? Whoever they pay a fee
           | to shouldn't be allowed to also have apps on there since this
           | is unfair and anti competitive. Fees do not negatively affect
           | Apple but they negatively affect competition.
        
           | rrrrrrrrrrrryan wrote:
           | > No developer in their right mind would let Apple take a cut
           | of anything.
           | 
           | No developer in their right mind would let Apple take a 30%
           | cut of anything.
           | 
           | Most developers would pay Apple a 3% cut in order to use
           | Apple's built in-payment mechanism, and not force their users
           | to leave the app and type their credit card information into
           | a browser.
           | 
           | 30% is exploitive, and not at all proportional to the value
           | provided. People pay it because they have to, not because
           | it's fair.
        
             | dijit wrote:
             | I'm going to repeat the same thing I always repeat in these
             | threads because it feels like people are out of touch with
             | closed platforms.
             | 
             | To "play" on Xbox or PlayStation, they take a 30% cut.
             | 
             | Steam also takes a 30% cut.
             | 
             | It's pretty standard, certainly not "exploitative" (at
             | least not on apples part, if not others), though obviously
             | as a game developer I'd prefer it be much less.
        
               | treesprite82 wrote:
               | Microsoft store on PC is a 12% cut. Documents revealed
               | during this case show that the same is (or was) planned
               | for Xbox store: https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/g
               | ov.uscourts.cand.36...
               | 
               | For Steam there are many viable alternatives, which
               | allows for user/developer choice and fair competition in
               | the long run. Epic Store is about half as popular now
               | (31.3m vs 62.6m daily active users), but it's growing
               | fast. I don't think what Steam is offering is worth the
               | 30% cut, and I imagine we'll either see them reduce that
               | cut or get overtaken by Epic in another few years.
               | 
               | I don't like what the other stores are doing, but to me
               | it's a smaller concern on game consoles/stores than on
               | every application for general purpose computers and
               | smartphones. I'd fight the fight on the latter first.
               | 
               | I also disagree with the implication that something is
               | "certainly not exploitative" because of it being an
               | industry standard - in fact I'd say that can be a
               | contributing factor to it being exploitative in many
               | cases (price fixing/oligopolies). To me it's exploitative
               | if the only reason they're getting away with charging so
               | much is because they're hindering competition in that
               | particular area (e.g: can't change app store without
               | buying a whole new phone).
        
               | notafraudster wrote:
               | I mostly think that your points here, while correct, miss
               | the forest for the trees.
               | 
               | 1. Steam's cut isn't 30%; it's 30% on keys sold through
               | Steam and 0% on keys generated to be sold elsewhere. Most
               | games sell about 1/3rd of their Steam copies via external
               | keys on sites like Humble, GreenManGaming, Nuuvem,
               | WinGameStore, directly on their websites, etc. Valve's
               | implied cut would be from 15-20% for most of these games.
               | Of course, publishers and developers voluntarily give up
               | some of the cut Valve doesn't take to those
               | intermediaries, which is another knock against the claim
               | that Valve is an exploiter. It seems hard to argue that
               | in a world where a game is sold for $60 and
               | GreenManGaming takes $6, passes on a $12 discount to the
               | consumer, Valve takes $0, and the publisher takes $42,
               | that Valve is the one exploiting the publisher, despite
               | giving the publisher free keys.
               | 
               | Why does Valve do this? To maximize lock-in in their
               | ecosystem and make money on in-app purchases. They have
               | selfish interests at mind, but those manifest through
               | giving away some of their cut on purchases.
               | 
               | 2. Valve also has a fee reduction program that's the
               | exact opposite of Apple/Google. Apple/Google charges 15%
               | up to $1 million revenue and then charge you the full
               | amount. Valve charges progressively less after $1 million
               | revenue (down as low as 20%). I think this reflects
               | closed/open systems;
               | 
               | Valve is worried about publishers like EA (who left Steam
               | and then came back hat in hand because their own service
               | was an expensive and technically poor failure), Ubisoft
               | (who left Steam and are currently bilking Epic for
               | upfront cash while pushing their own UPlay service),
               | Bethesda/MS (who flirt with Beth.net/Microsoft Games
               | Store but both ultimately returned to Steam in the end),
               | Activision (have abandoned Steam for Battle.net). So they
               | want to make it easier for big publishers to come back to
               | them. Whereas Apple wants to maximize revenue off big
               | clients and maximize the PR benefits of helping small
               | businesses. But the point is that Apple, Google, and
               | Valve alike actually do have flexibility in the % they
               | take.
               | 
               | 3. Finally, I think the Epic active user numbers are
               | really not super useful. The vast majority of those Epic
               | users are simply Fortnite players (and it's actually a
               | little unclear whether Epic is counting non-PC Fortnite
               | players who sign it under Epic accounts). Having acquired
               | Rocket League, they now can use Rocket League players in
               | the same way. Having acquired Fall Guys, they will likely
               | do the same there in the coming years.
               | 
               | The actual number of users of the Epic Games Store are
               | not trivial, it'd definitely be a strong second having
               | overtaken GOG and Itch and other competitors. But they're
               | likely in the single digit millions.
               | 
               | This in part reflects that the Epic Games Store is not
               | very good. The client does not support basic features,
               | nor does the store interface. Their onboarding process is
               | entirely manual, which they characterize as giving them a
               | "curated" game library but actually it means there's just
               | not that much variety on the store and almost nothing at
               | the low end. They have sales where they eat huge losses
               | to give users discounts, but these are not appreciably
               | better than the kinds of sales that occur on Steam and in
               | the broader ecosystem.
               | 
               | Crucially, to your point that Steam might be over
               | "overtaken" by Epic is that it's not clear there's any
               | competition at all. Every game that released on Epic and
               | not Steam did so because Epic signed exclusivity
               | contracts with the game (typically 12 month exclusivity
               | contracts). It's predictable that all of these
               | exclusives, bar one -- World War Z, have released on
               | Steam within a month or so of their exclusivity expiring.
               | Most seem to report doing better on Steam. Most
               | developers that release on Epic and Steam, without a
               | formal exclusivity deal, are developers who signed "free
               | game" deals with Epic where Epic bulk-pays developers
               | upfront in exchange for allowing every Epic user to
               | redeem the game for free. Epic reports a relatively low
               | conversion rate from free game redeemers to buyers.
               | 
               | All of this suggests that the Epic Game Store, while
               | putting up impressive numbers, isn't really peeling off
               | developers or users because of its lowers cut. I could
               | imagine a world where Valve/Steam are materially hurt if
               | Epic greatly extends their exclusivity contracts, losing
               | billions of dollars specifically to destroy Steam. But I
               | don't see Epic organically overtaking Steam.
               | 
               | My main point here is that the complexities of what's
               | being offered and what's being charged here are obscured
               | when we just say "You ate one third of my pizza! But I
               | wanted that pizza!"
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | I just mean that if we're penalising one platform it
               | seems fair to penalise the others.
               | 
               | Microsoft store on PC is not a closed platform like Xbox
               | is, ergo it is not what I was claiming.
               | 
               | It's cool that Epic is taking on Steam. But they're doing
               | so at a large loss right now, we'll see how it goes.
        
               | treesprite82 wrote:
               | > Microsoft store on PC is not a closed platform like
               | Xbox is, ergo it is not what I was claiming.
               | 
               | I mostly mentioned that to make the point about Xbox 12%
               | cut. But you also mentioned Steam, so it doesn't look
               | like you're solely talking about closed platforms.
               | 
               | > I just mean that if we're penalising one platform it
               | seems fair to penalise the others.
               | 
               | If that's your point then I'd agree. Though it matters
               | less for game consoles, and by "penalize" I'd mostly just
               | want them to stop the active suppression of alternate app
               | stores. It looked more like you were defending the
               | practice as non-exploitative.
        
             | tarsinge wrote:
             | What was the cut when software was published physically and
             | sold in a store? 30% is not a lot for being in a store.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | Depends on how you look at it. I used to work in a store
               | that sold software in the 90s. The publisher would sell
               | us the game wholesale and we'd charge retail.
               | 
               | So they would sell it to us for $22.50 and set the retail
               | price at $29. So in that sense it was a 22% cut, because
               | we only kept 22% of the sale price.
               | 
               | But in most cases the publisher didn't make the game.
               | They were a middleman who took a game from a studio and
               | sold it to us. I have no idea what their cut was between
               | them and the actual maker of the game, but I'll bet it
               | was more than 8%.
               | 
               | So in that regard, the app store is a really good deal
               | because it lets developers publish directly to consumers
               | without a middleman.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | Except physical distribution is expensive by its nature.
               | It involves producing and moving around physical objects
               | -- that's material and labor _per copy_.
               | 
               | App store, on the other hand, is a digital distributor.
               | Making a digital copy is so cheap it could as well be
               | free. And even then, not all app developers publish on
               | the app store because they want or need its distribution
               | services. There are many developers who would happily
               | arrange the distribution of their apps themselves, with
               | their own infrastructure they already have anyway, but
               | they have to publish on the app store because that's the
               | only way onto millions of iOS devices.
               | 
               | I'll say it again: it should not be legal for a hardware
               | manufacturer to retain any kind of control over hardware
               | after it's been sold.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | This is what they're talking about when they say that
               | productivity gains have gone only to the wealthiest.
               | Buying an album digitally, when every single step in the
               | production and distribution of that album have become an
               | order of magnitude cheaper (outside of labor costs, which
               | somehow remain flat no matter what), costs the same as it
               | did 50 years ago.
               | 
               | Every part of application distribution has become
               | cheaper, so you lock down every platform and charge the
               | same percentage.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | So what? Why does the price have to remain the same
               | despite technological advancements that are totally
               | capable of reducing it to almost zero? It's as if we
               | suddenly discovered a way to produce unlimited amounts of
               | food, for free, anywhere in the world, but food
               | manufacturers would start raising a stink about how
               | important it is that people would still starve.
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | I agree with you completely. I think Apple should, at the
               | very least, allow side loading.
               | 
               | I was just answering the question about what the cut used
               | to be in the packaged software world.
        
             | MR4D wrote:
             | Visa charges you 3% but doesn't have an online store that I
             | can find your app on, and don't run security checks against
             | your app to check for malicious apps, etc.
             | 
             | So I think we can agree that a realistic number for Apple
             | is definitely above 3% for the service they provide.
             | 
             | We can argue about 30%, and that's a good discussion, but
             | 3% is no way comparable.
        
               | thekyle wrote:
               | I think most credit card processors charge something like
               | 30 cents + 2.9%. On large purchases that's about 3%, but
               | on smaller transactions (like those usually used in
               | mobile apps) that 30 cents dominates and could end up
               | being about 30%. So from that perspective Apple's 30% cut
               | could be a good deal in some cases.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | GeneralTspoon wrote:
               | It's not a "good deal" in any case....
               | 
               | The minimum purchase price on iOS is $0.99, so at worst
               | you'd be paying basically the same rate (~30%).
               | 
               | But most payment processors offer separate pricing for
               | micro-transactions (e.g. Paypal is 5% + $0.05 IIRC).
               | Which works out at around 10% for a $0.99 transaction.
               | 
               | And actually - Adyen offer much better pricing than the
               | "Stripe rate" of $0.30 + 2.9% in the first place.
        
               | anonymouse008 wrote:
               | A few years ago when making a micro transaction app,
               | PayPal only allowed one type of fee structure -- either
               | the 5% or the 2.9%.
               | 
               | Meaning you couldn't segregate low tickets from high
               | tickets and get the most optimal fee - your whole
               | merchant account was one fee or the other.
               | 
               | 'Twas quite a PITA
        
               | GeneralTspoon wrote:
               | Yeah this is still the case AFAIK - very annoying. I
               | believe their recommended workaround was to have 2
               | separate merchant accounts with different fee structures
               | and group your products accordingly.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | They also don't curate a language and IDE for you to make
               | your stuff with as well, nor offer logins or ways to find
               | past transactions.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > curate a language and IDE for you to make your stuff
               | with as well
               | 
               | That's an odd way to put it. Approximately 0.001% of
               | developers would complain if instead they were allowed to
               | use the language and IDE they prefer.
        
               | deergomoo wrote:
               | The 12% that Epic and now Microsoft charge seems about
               | right IMO
        
               | Someone wrote:
               | Based on what arguments?
               | 
               | If Apple's cut were 12% and Epic and Microsoft now
               | charged 6%, would you claim _"The 12% that Apple charges
               | seems about right IMO"_?
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | Yep, if someone is able to maintain above market level
               | profits for so long it's usually a sign of monopolistic
               | pricing. That's not necessarily bad, but in Apples case
               | it's just double dipping on their monopolistic position
               | and is clearly a drain on the market with no benefit.
               | They have the same incentives to invest in R&D and
               | support the ecosystem on the insane HW margins alone, I'd
               | be willing to bet their dev budget doesn't change at all
               | if this change in rate was made.
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | Apple had 72.3 billion revenue from App Store in 2020. I
               | can assure you that I can provide you with _online store
               | that I can find your app on, and run security checks
               | against your app to check for malicious apps, etc._ for
               | 2.1 billion $ per year (3%).
        
               | anonymouse008 wrote:
               | Ah yes, and I'll have that feature done in 2 weeks, max!
               | How hard could it be?
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | The excuse is hardship? Are you saying that Apple's app
               | store profit margin is low, or comparing $2.1 billion to
               | 2 weeks?
        
               | vishnugupta wrote:
               | For some even 3% could be too high let alone 30%. For
               | instance, Kindle iOS app doesn't let you purchase books.
               | It's a read-only version, so to speak.
        
               | dehrmann wrote:
               | Most credit card processors charge around 3%, so it's
               | rarely an issue. The number I usually throw out that
               | Apple could charge and no one would be mad over is 5%.
               | It's more than a credit card processor, but not _that_
               | much, and it would likely help conversion rates enough
               | that app developers would be happy.
        
           | abecedarius wrote:
           | 'has to'?
           | 
           | App store policies were not handed down on stone tablets on
           | Mount Sinai. Charges that better track the incremental costs
           | are not a logical contradiction.
        
           | huhtenberg wrote:
           | > _to avoid charging in the App Store altogether._
           | 
           | Not if the AppStore is to offer competitive processing fees.
        
           | truth_ wrote:
           | This is bull. Apple deserves a "rent", and not a "cut". They
           | are providing infrastructure and services, and they deserve a
           | minimum rent for these, which they already take.
           | 
           | But Apple should not take cut on every purchases made through
           | the app. It makes no sense.
           | 
           | AWS does not take a "cut" on every Netflix subscription
           | bought. They just charge for the storage and traffic. This is
           | how App Store should function.
        
             | spiderice wrote:
             | I find it telling that you use AWS as an example because
             | they are different than the apple model, while ignoring all
             | the companies using the exact same model as apple,
             | including how Epic charges developers to host content on
             | the Epic store.
        
               | bendmorris wrote:
               | Epic is a great example. Their own store lists
               | alternative stores on the Epic store, like itch.io. But
               | they don't take a cut of games bought from those stores.
               | Once you launch itch, you're in itch.
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | Steam is a better example as Epic is operating at a loss
               | position to disrupt the incumbent.
        
               | verall wrote:
               | My friends and I play Apex through Steam, which I
               | downloaded for free. When you click to purchase "Apex
               | coins", it takes you straight to EA's website. Apple
               | wants to enforce a cut on every purchase of in-game
               | currency. Steam does not do this.
               | 
               | And Valve allows you to sell steam keys on your own
               | website also without paying the cut, so long as you don't
               | undercut the steam store.
        
               | ninjinxo wrote:
               | Steam does take a cut for microtransactions, very likely
               | force price parity, and put the developers under NDAs:
               | 
               | https://www.reddit.com/r/pathofexile/comments/1ogbo7/will
               | _mo...
        
               | verall wrote:
               | They take a cut for microtransactions that they process,
               | but you are free to use your own service. They do require
               | price parity. That link doesn't seem related at all.
        
               | ninjinxo wrote:
               | >you are free to use your own service
               | 
               | Do you have any sources on how restrictive valve are or
               | have been with that, or is that just speculation? Can
               | developers default to their own payment systems and
               | bypass valve's, or is theirs required to take a
               | secondary, less-accessible option (when it's even
               | allowed)?
               | 
               | From the same thread, the mtx cut taken was a dealbreaker
               | for redfall studios, so it certainly sounds like they
               | didnt get the option for their own mtx transaction
               | service: https://www.reddit.com/r/pathofexile/comments/1o
               | gbo7/will_mo...
               | 
               | If the direct links to comments aren't working, try
               | logging into your reddit account.
        
               | notafraudster wrote:
               | This would be true if they listed "alternative store_s_",
               | but what they actually did is add itch.io to their store
               | in a token way once they started the lawsuit in order to
               | say "Look, we have no problem working with other stores".
               | It's a stunt for the lawsuit. Even the Itch founder who
               | signed the deal said they basically found it bemusing and
               | an effort to gain legal leverage without really doing
               | anything else.
               | 
               | It'd be like if Apple took all of the developers who
               | testified against Apple, reduced their commission to 0%
               | in perpetuity, and then asked the judge to throw out
               | their testimony because the complaints were moot.
               | 
               | (That being said, I do think there are conditions where
               | stores would/should allow other stores, and I think those
               | conditions could be more permissive than the Roblox
               | example. Apple should, medium term, resolve the GeForce
               | Now/XCloud objections.)
        
               | orisho wrote:
               | I bought The Division 2 after seeing a promotion on the
               | Epic store. To install it, you have to install the
               | Ubisoft store Uplay, which is launched through an
               | integration with the Epic store.
               | 
               | After playing that game, I saw promotions for Assassin's
               | Creed Odyssey on Uplay, and purchased it. I later went on
               | to purchase many other games on Uplay.
               | 
               | In short, Epic allows Ubisoft to sell games on its store,
               | for which they presumably pay a cut - for those sales.
               | But Epic has no problems letting Ubisoft require their
               | store be installed for those games, and if you buy
               | something there - even though the Epic Launcher installed
               | it - they don't get a cut.
               | 
               | This is more akin to the App Store installing Fortnite -
               | which Apple could get a cut out of, but not getting a cut
               | for purchases in the app.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | There's no device or platform for which the Epic Store is
               | the only way to get apps, so it shouldn't be held to the
               | same standard as Apple's App Store.
        
               | tmp231 wrote:
               | I'm not sure what standard you are appealing to? Who
               | cares if Apple only lets whatever they want on their own
               | store? It's their store. I hope Microsoft or Amazon would
               | get back in the phone game and allow alternate stores.
        
               | orisho wrote:
               | He's saying the App Store should be held to a different
               | standard because it is the ONLY store for iPhones. That
               | isn't true for the Epic store - you can just install one
               | of the other stores, or purchase from a different method.
        
               | tmp231 wrote:
               | Everyone should be held to the same standard of
               | respecting private property. You know what you are
               | getting into when going onto apples store; if you don't
               | like it then encourage all your clients to use Android.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | Respecting private property? Whose property is an iPhone?
               | Apple's or the end user's? Whose (intellectual) property
               | is the Epic Store? Apple's or Epic's? Apple wants to use
               | the only thing that's theirs in the equation (the App
               | Store) to restrict an interaction between both of the
               | other things that aren't theirs.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | > It's their store.
               | 
               | But once you buy a phone from them, it's your phone, not
               | theirs. You shouldn't have to use their store exclusively
               | on your phone, but since you do, it should be subject to
               | way stricter rules regarding anticompetitiveness and
               | unfairness than non-exclusive stores that other platforms
               | have.
        
             | ilrwbwrkhv wrote:
             | Bull. Without apple the iOS ecosystem wouldn't exist.
        
               | ivalm wrote:
               | Without Microsoft, the windows eco system wouldnt exist.
               | Should MS get a cut of all windows applications?
        
               | musicale wrote:
               | Should MS get a cut of all Xbox applications?
        
               | tmp231 wrote:
               | If they want? I'm not sure why you think you have a right
               | to dictate private policy on a private platform.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | If you buy a Camry and then become an Uber driver, should
               | you have to give Toyota a cut of your earnings?
        
               | matz1 wrote:
               | They should if they could get a way with it.
        
               | thayne wrote:
               | Without app developers iOS device sales would be a lot
               | lower. it's a symbiotic relationship.
               | 
               | The problem is Apple has greater negotiating power,
               | because they don't need any one developer and it is
               | difficult for all the app developers to organize to
               | negotiate together. But imagine if they did organize, and
               | threatened to remove their apps from the app store unless
               | Apple gave them more favorable terms.
        
             | geodel wrote:
             | Do Netflix customer have to keep AWS components updated on
             | their client device to keep Netflix working fine? Because
             | app customers have to depend on App store vendors for OS
             | and other components.
        
             | hnlmorg wrote:
             | AWS pricing is extremely thorough and not at all comparable
             | with Apple's App Store:
             | 
             | - AWS charge you on bandwidth used, Apple don't charge
             | developers for the number of downloads
             | 
             | - AWS charge you on compute time, Apple don't charge you
             | for ongoing use of their services beyond one initial charge
             | for app submission
             | 
             | - AWS charge you for storage, Apple don't charge you for
             | storing your app
             | 
             | I'm not a fan of Apple's App Store terms any more than the
             | next person, but the GP's comparison to eBay is a hell of a
             | lot more apt than your comparison with AWS.
        
               | lukeramsden wrote:
               | > - AWS charge you on compute time, Apple don't charge
               | you for ongoing use of their services beyond one initial
               | charge for app submission
               | 
               | Yes they do, the fee is yearly, and they make _billions_
               | in revenue from this. Google charge one-time.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Billions in revenue on $99/year? Is 1% of the planet a
               | paid up iOS developer?
        
               | gigel82 wrote:
               | Math much? 20 million (that's 3-year old numbers [1])
               | apple developers. Probably a lot of them on the $299
               | enterprise plan, but let's assume they're all using the
               | $99 one. 20mil * $100 = $2 billions. QED
               | 
               | [1] https://techcrunch.com/2018/06/04/app-store-
               | hits-20m-registe...
        
               | altncatchfire wrote:
               | To be fair, the 1% isn't off either.
               | 
               | The figure available was "billions". For ease of
               | calculation, say it was 7b. That means if each developer
               | pays $100 and total revenue was 7b, 1% of the world must
               | be a developer. (1% of 7b * $100 = $7b)
               | 
               | Also, by your own figure, 20 million is already ~0.25% of
               | the world population.
        
               | thayne wrote:
               | Not to mention that you have to purchase expensive apple
               | hardware to develop for iOS.
        
               | wincy wrote:
               | I saw the new Mac Mini on sale at Costco for $600
               | yesterday, I don't see how Apple hardware can be called
               | "expensive" anymore.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | $600 is a lot for a small dev who already has a computer.
               | What if they're a windows gamer and they're happy with
               | their old desktop? $600 is a lot to many people if it's
               | not strictly necessary.
        
               | Xevi wrote:
               | I don't know why you're getting downvoted, you're right.
               | Besides, the cheapest Mac Mini M1 is $1000 in my country.
               | Not everyone can afford that.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | GSimon wrote:
               | The new M1 Mac Mini might literally be the first
               | 'affordable' Apple machine that isn't underpowered. Will
               | need to cough up some $ for display adaptors if you want
               | more than one monitor for development though.
        
               | slenk wrote:
               | Don't you still need to buy a monitor and all
               | peripherals?
        
               | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
               | Those don't need to be apple products - the mini has
               | standard ports.
        
               | wincy wrote:
               | I mean you also need to buy a monitor and peripherals for
               | a PC. Since they're not built in you could find a 1080p
               | monitor on Facebook marketplace locally for almost
               | nothing. If you're just doing iOS development the Mac
               | mini should be fine.
        
               | tmp231 wrote:
               | Who cares how much they make? If you're unhappy, go to
               | Google or petition Microsoft or Amazon to get back in the
               | game. I'd also like a provider that allows other app
               | stores and has high quality like Apple -- one of those
               | companies should do it. But it's ridiculous to force
               | apple to do it when you could go elsewhere.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kriops wrote:
               | So they are making billions -while- creating an effective
               | incentive against spam on their platform? That must the
               | most obvious case of profits well deserved in the history
               | of modern LTDs, good for Apple and their shareholders!
        
               | mschild wrote:
               | Apple's App Store has plenty of scummy apps. A yearly 100
               | fee isn't going to stop that from happening.
               | 
               | https://9to5mac.com/2021/02/11/app-store-scam-apps-how-
               | to-sp...
        
               | amaBasics wrote:
               | The point is that while Apple doesn't charge like that,
               | they _could_.
        
               | hnlmorg wrote:
               | "Could" is doing a lot of heavy lifting there. My point
               | is AWS and Apple's App Store are very different business
               | models. Once is about providing compute resource while
               | the other is about providing a single pane of glass for
               | software purchases.
               | 
               | Sure, the App Store "could" follow AWS's pricing model,
               | but it makes more sense for it not to given the App Store
               | is more analogous to a shop like eBay or even a physical
               | store like Argos than it is a cloud computing data
               | centre.
               | 
               | This is why I said the AWS/App Store comparison isn't
               | apt.
        
               | Closi wrote:
               | > - AWS charge you on bandwidth used, Apple don't charge
               | developers for the number of downloads
               | 
               | Their point is that Apple _could_ charge based on
               | bandwidth used, and that this could be more fair for some
               | developers.
               | 
               | > AWS charge you for storage, Apple don't charge you for
               | storing your app
               | 
               | I would be pretty happy with Apple charging for app
               | storage if it was at S3 rates - it would amount to almost
               | nothing.
        
               | hnlmorg wrote:
               | > _Their point is that Apple could charge based on
               | bandwidth used, and that this could be more fair for some
               | developers._
               | 
               | That is what the 30% cut is meant to cover (amongst other
               | things too). Like with a high street retail store, the
               | mark up is intended to cover the running costs of the
               | store. Which brings us full circle to why Apple deduct it
               | from transactions.
               | 
               | Sure you "could" have an App Store that calculates the
               | operational costs and then charges it to the developer,
               | but you then potentially destroy the free app market (and
               | contrary to what people often say about the App Store,
               | there are a lot of decent free apps on there).
               | 
               | Having a split payment and billing system also adds
               | complexity to invoicing. Did you know that AWS and other
               | cloud providers don't provide credits and refunds as
               | payments into the customers bank accounts? No, what they
               | do is they offset your costs against your credits and
               | invoice the difference if owed to AWS. If Apple were to
               | adopt that then we'd basically be back at deducting _$n_
               | from transactions again. And once again we 've come full
               | circle.
               | 
               | There is so many arguments about what Apple "could" do
               | but when you start to distil the requirements down to a
               | workable operation you almost always end up right back at
               | the status quo.
               | 
               | Now I'm not saying that Apple aren't taking advantage of
               | developers either. The cost of development on a Apples
               | ecosystem is ridiculously high and Apple are notoriously
               | hostile towards their developers too. But charging a
               | percentage of transactions is a reasonable approach to
               | the problems outlined above and limiting transactions
               | outside of Apple's payment channel does at least solve
               | the problem of developers cheating by funnelling funds in
               | via a side channel (as exampled in an earlier comment
               | which discussed people selling items on eBay for $1 but
               | with a $49 shipping fee before eBay clamped down on
               | exaggerated shipping fees).
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | S3 is actually quite pricey. Not as much on the monthly
               | storage (tho it can be depending on size), but network
               | egress is really where they get you. On the scale of the
               | App Store where the app might be 100mb but it gets
               | downloaded potentially millions of times it gets
               | expensive fast.
               | 
               | Now imagine your app is free. Yet you have to pay for all
               | these downloads. There wouldn't be any free apps anymore.
        
               | Closi wrote:
               | At $0.05 per gb transfer, it would be half a penny per
               | 100mb app download. Someone has to pay for that - at the
               | moment Apple subsidises the free apps, presumably because
               | they think they are good for the ecosystem.
               | 
               | Although lets be honest here, free apps could easily
               | continue to be subsidised by Apple in any future model.
               | We are talking about far less than a dollar per iPhone in
               | terms of hosting/bandwidth costs for all the apps, so
               | this really is something that Apple could easily just
               | swallow.
               | 
               | Let's not forget that the availability, quality and
               | abundance of apps, made by developers, is a key driver of
               | success of the iPhone, and Apple makes plenty money from
               | hardware sales. I won't lose sleep over the thought that
               | they might have to pay for some hosting.
        
               | majewsky wrote:
               | > $0.05 per gb transfer
               | 
               | That's including AWS's insane profit margin, though. I
               | have my cloud deployments with Hetzner, where extra
               | traffic costs EUR 1.19 per TiB, so that 100 MiB app
               | download would not be half cent, it would be 1/100th of a
               | cent. (And that's before we consider that Hetzner gives
               | 20 TiB per month free traffic with every VM.)
        
               | notafraudster wrote:
               | It's clear that any change to the equilibrium would have
               | winners and losers.
               | 
               | We can scope out who those are likely to be: free
               | applications which provide some useful educational
               | service would lose; currently they provide no revenue
               | (beyond the token developer fee). Banking, rewards,
               | credit, etc. applications (applications which interface
               | consumers with their pre-existing accounts for CRUD-style
               | management purposes) would lose. They provide no revenue.
               | Subscription products with very low conversion rates
               | would lose if their free:pay user ratio exceeds, say,
               | 10:1 -- or some other breakeven point with respect to
               | money saved by ditching Apple's payment stuff.
               | 
               | It would also hurt applications like Facebook, Twitter,
               | and Instagram where the product is completely free and
               | monetized by advertising Apple currently doesn't take a
               | cut of.
               | 
               | It's clear the winners are mostly extremely popular
               | multi-billion dollar applications where the app portion
               | is a pretty thin layer and they charge all or most users
               | to subscribe on an ongoing basis. Fortnite doesn't
               | exactly have a subscription, but it relies on fairly
               | frequent impulse purchases and monetization of free
               | users.
               | 
               | I don't think it's straightforward to imagine the world
               | would be better or worse if the basis for billing changed
               | to something like cost basis.
               | 
               | My overwhelming reaction to this trial is that it seems
               | like both sides have fairly good reasons to prefer things
               | the way they prefer things, but it's not clear to me why
               | a court should essentially vacate a particular business
               | model or contract. When courts intervene to strike broad
               | classes of contract provisions (for example, to allow or
               | disallow mandatory arbitration provisions), typically
               | it's because there's an obvious public interest. Here the
               | interests seem private on both sides, and it doesn't seem
               | obvious to me that end consumers will either be harmed or
               | helped by what's being asked for. Which seems like the
               | kind of territory courts traditionally run away from.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > It's clear that any change to the equilibrium would
               | have winners and losers.
               | 
               | Thank god our object isn't to design rules that would
               | pick the winners and losers we want, but to design rules
               | that prevent Apple from using their platform leverage in
               | an anti-competitive way. It's fine if Facebook, Twitter,
               | and Instagram lose, and "extremely popular multi-billion
               | dollar" applications win. Being extremely popular and
               | successful while using few Apple resources should give
               | you some degree of control over your own application.
        
               | atq2119 wrote:
               | > It's clear that any change to the equilibrium would
               | have winners and losers.
               | 
               | What equilibrium?
               | 
               | Equilibrium implies multiple forces balancing each other
               | out. This doesn't seem to be the case here, because Apple
               | are effectively dictating terms.
               | 
               | A better term would be "status quo".
        
             | spion wrote:
             | By that logic, should Apple charge something like
             | $1/user/month to allow companies to publish apps and run
             | software on iPhones?
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | How is that the same logic? Amazon does not charge end
               | users for allowing services they use to run on AWS.
        
               | vultour wrote:
               | AWS charges for bandwidth. Should Apple start charging
               | the developer $1 for every download?
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | That seems a bit price gougey given how much bandwidth
               | costs...but sure, as long as other AppStores are allowed
               | on the platform, that's fine.
        
               | supergirl wrote:
               | they could charge $0.09/GB like S3. that would be
               | interesting actually, because it's not exactly free so
               | developers need to optimize for it
        
             | ericlewis wrote:
             | Rent would go up and there would be basically 0 actually
             | free apps anymore. It's already hard to pay 99$ a year for
             | many people. Now you have to pay some larger number and
             | your app may never make money. It's always an achievement
             | just to get your 99$ back anyway.
        
               | fsloth wrote:
               | With the risk of sounding overly harsh - If 99$ per annum
               | is a concrete financial risk maybe being a solo developer
               | is not such a good lifepath financially. I imagine anyone
               | capable of deploying an app store app has pretty good
               | skills and is quite hireable.
               | 
               | Of course individual situations can be different, but
               | this is discussion about the "generic situation".
        
               | thayne wrote:
               | If you make an app as a hobby $99/year is quite a lot to
               | distribute something you probably won't make much if any
               | money off of.
        
               | fsloth wrote:
               | There is no reason hobbies should be cheap.
        
               | atomicnumber3 wrote:
               | One thing I don't like about the iOS model is that 100/yr
               | is a significant barrier to hosting "open source" type
               | apps out of the goodness of your heart. Concrete example:
               | best ssh app on android is ConnectBot which is gratis and
               | free. Best ssh app on iOS is Termius which is crippled by
               | default, nonfree, and requires a $10/mo *subscription* to
               | unlock. I don't mind paying for software I use, but
               | 120/yr for a phone ssh app is too much.
               | 
               | And this is the best app on the store, a less costly and
               | freer competitor hasn't emerged.
               | 
               | And I can't even sideload my own apps.
        
               | vmladenov wrote:
               | What does Termius offer that Panic's Prompt doesn't? One-
               | time fee and Panic make some of the best software I've
               | used on Apple devices.
        
               | throwaway3699 wrote:
               | > I don't mind paying for software I use, but 120/yr for
               | a phone ssh app is too much.
               | 
               | This is because it's much easier to earn money on the
               | long-tail dedicated fans than the masses. Especially when
               | those masses are likely to hate advertising based models
               | with a passion.
        
               | fsloth wrote:
               | Buy an Android phone? A Raspberry PI? A Linux box? I
               | don't get it, if a person can't afford to be on a
               | prestige platform like Apple, then that's not a problem,
               | choose another platform.
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | Logically apple makes most of their money selling IPhones
               | based on them being desirable phones in large part
               | because of useful apps.
               | 
               | The cost of sending your app through automated processing
               | and serving it to 99 people needed to make back your fee
               | is probably on net less than a penny.
               | 
               | Offering this service to small time developers would
               | still be 99.99% profit so there would be no reason to
               | make up for lost profits.
        
               | stadium wrote:
               | Android has mostly free apps, ad supported.
               | 
               | iOS has more paid apps, for one because people that can
               | afford a high end phone are more willing to pay for $99
               | for an app.
               | 
               | Look at the pricing for the same app on Android vs iOS.
        
               | golemotron wrote:
               | > Rent would go up and there would be basically 0
               | actually free apps anymore.
               | 
               | I don't think there's nothing getting in the way of Apple
               | charging a very high rent for Amazon's app and a very low
               | one for a random vegan recipe app.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | AWS captures you by being the custodian of your data and
             | charging you to move it.
             | 
             | That's the real magic of AWS and is the reason S3 was the
             | mother service. Pre-AWS, colo at scale meant circuits and
             | high friction networking. With the modern cloud providers,
             | there's less friction, but a tollbooth.
        
             | giantrobot wrote:
             | Netflix pays AWS (and their other services) based on their
             | use. AWS "takes a cut" in that Netflix pays for their
             | service.
        
           | MereInterest wrote:
           | That argument might hold water if Apple allowed for other
           | methods of software installation. Since they don't, that
           | argument is pretty hollow.
        
           | yyyk wrote:
           | >Same here -- every app would turn free, and charge to unlock
           | features within using their own payment mechanism.
           | 
           | This is trivial to deal with. Apple already has rules on
           | apps, they could go from banning fremium apps, to disallowing
           | apps without a substantial free version to enforcing a
           | reporting API on payments.
           | 
           | What they can't do is use their position in one market to
           | force marketshare in another market (payment processors).
           | That's classic anticompetitive behaviour.
           | 
           | (Aside, freemium apps have a low reputation, and that's why
           | other stores without that rule aren't overrun with such apps)
        
           | secondcoming wrote:
           | Couldn't Apple recoup any losses by charging app publishers
           | 'rent' to be listed on the app store?
        
             | natch wrote:
             | No.
             | 
             | Think it through: free apps would not be able to afford the
             | rent, so they would need a discount.
             | 
             | Then in the limit all apps would become free, so as to get
             | the discount.
             | 
             | But some apps would be making a killing with external
             | payment methods, while other apps would be making nothing.
             | 
             | Meantime Apple would also be making nothing.
             | 
             | I would think Apple has thought about this.
        
             | joshuaissac wrote:
             | They already charge this: 99 USD annually.
             | 
             | https://developer.apple.com/programs/how-it-works/
        
           | mthoms wrote:
           | Apple requires developers to offer sign-in with Apple if they
           | use other sign-in systems (like FB). They could have the same
           | requirement with payments.
           | 
           | Users should be given the option of using Apple's system _if
           | they want to_.
           | 
           | After all, It's Apples' argument that their payment system is
           | light-years better for consumers. If true, then users will
           | naturally gravitate towards Apples' payment system. Right?
           | This would result in a cycle where Apple (and other payment
           | systems) are incentivised to continuously improve. What's
           | wrong with that? Why not let the consumers decide what is
           | best?
           | 
           | Let Apple's payment system compete on its _actual_ merits.
           | Apple says it 's a much better system after all. I say - let
           | them _prove_ it. They should  "put up or shut up", so to
           | speak.
        
             | pkulak wrote:
             | But then if you force every option to be priced the same,
             | despite how much it costs the developer, then you're
             | distorting everything again.
             | 
             | For example, I can pay $0.99 to buy a game using Square or
             | Apple, but Apple takes a 30% cut and will give me a full
             | refund if I don't like the game. I chose Apple every time,
             | but not because it's "better", it's just better for me and
             | I'm not the one paying for it.
        
               | mthoms wrote:
               | Being able to get a refund is quantifiably better. What
               | do you mean?
               | 
               | Are you suggesting other vendors would be unable to
               | compete with that for some reason?
               | 
               | As an aside: I don't think the same pricing among
               | different vendors is necessarily a requirement. If one
               | entity offers more security or other benefits, then their
               | pricing should reflect that.
        
               | frosted-flakes wrote:
               | Would you still choose Apple's payment processor of it
               | meant paying 30% more than third-party payment processors
               | that don't charge a fee?
        
               | commoner wrote:
               | It's actually 42.9% more. 1 / (1 - 0.3) = about 1.429.
        
               | frosted-flakes wrote:
               | Yeah, I was thinking it was something like that, just
               | couldn't be bothered to figure it out.
        
               | mcny wrote:
               | How is this different from credit cards that have
               | "rewards"? If you think of the independent software
               | vendors as the corner store where you buy groceries and
               | Apple as Visa or some payment processor...
               | 
               | Actually now that I think about it the difference is the
               | walled garden. I think pretty much the only compromise I
               | can accept is something like Apple and Google must be
               | required to add something like F-Droid that is run at
               | arms length from Apple and Google and accepts third party
               | software repositories.
               | 
               | This way users can download and use any software they
               | like from any repository anywhere. The benefit for Apple
               | and Google is we won't shut them down and really they
               | have inertia behind them so many if not most people will
               | stick to the default stores, and Google can forbid OEMs
               | from adding applications or repositories. A user must do
               | so deliberately and manually.
               | 
               | The benefit for users is applications installed from
               | F-Droid will be able to auto update.
               | 
               | The benefit for independent software vendors is they can
               | publish their stuff outside of app store and play store
               | and not have to adhere to any policy by the app store or
               | play store and not have to pay any money to the default
               | stores.
               | 
               | Anything less and we are basically at status quo.
        
               | commoner wrote:
               | In the US, rewards are usually 1-2% on most credit cards,
               | and up to 5% for certain purchase categories on a few
               | credit cards. These rewards are funded by interest
               | income, annual fees, penalty fees, and interchange fees.
               | Interchange fees are typically between 1.3% and 3.5%:
               | https://www.fool.com/the-ascent/research/average-credit-
               | card...
               | 
               | The Durbin amendment allows merchants to offer lower
               | prices to customers who choose a payment option that
               | incurs lower fees (such as cash or debit card) at the
               | point of sale:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durbin_amendment
               | 
               | Compare this to Apple, which takes a 30% cut. Developers
               | must raise their prices by 42.9% to compensate for that
               | 30% cut. Apple does not allow developers to offer
               | alternative payment options for most categories of in-app
               | purchases.
               | 
               | For a long time, the standard rate for payment processing
               | for small businesses has been 2.9% + $0.30 for credit
               | cards. Larger businesses with higher transaction volumes
               | are able to negotiate lower rates. If Apple allows
               | developers to offer payment processing options that take
               | smaller cuts, and allows developers to offer lower prices
               | when customers choose those options, I'm certain that
               | most developers and customers would prefer the third-
               | party payment processors.
        
             | enos_feedler wrote:
             | The point of Apple's payment system isn't to compete on
             | merits with other systems. Sure they want it to be the
             | best. The purpose, however, is to collect fees from app
             | developers.
             | 
             | Apple "puts up or shuts up" with the phone itself. Thats
             | the product and the consumer choice they focus on.
        
           | rorykoehler wrote:
           | What happens if I buy it on Google Play on my android device
           | and then use it on my iPhone? This is a preposterous idea.
        
           | nsajko wrote:
           | Is your argument that Apple shouldn't themselves bear the
           | responsibility of choosing an unsustainable/immoral/illegal
           | business model?
        
             | svaha1728 wrote:
             | And free + ads is a moral business model?
        
             | tmp231 wrote:
             | No ones forcing you to buy an iPhone; if this is really
             | bothering you, go to Android or petition Microsoft or
             | Amazon to start up their phone efforts again.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | The problem with that is that this isn't just about end-
               | users. Apple is being unfair to developers too, and just
               | leaving iOS isn't a viable choice for them. Apple has a
               | 50% market share in the US, so any American company who
               | cut ties with them would instantly lose half of their
               | customer base, since most people won't buy a new phone
               | over a single app.
        
             | matz1 wrote:
             | unsustainable ? It sustained alright for many years and has
             | brought lots of profit for apple
             | 
             | immoral? Its subjective. I disagree and apple likely don't
             | think its immoral
             | 
             | illegal? isn't that what the trial is for ? to decide
             | whether this is illegal.
        
           | golemotron wrote:
           | > Unfortunately, Apple has to maintain this rule because
           | otherwise developers will implement workarounds to avoid
           | charging in the App Store altogether
           | 
           | If the decision goes against Apple, I'd be surprised if they
           | didn't just 'charge rent' to be on the App Store, just like a
           | retail mall charges stores. Apple would have to take on the
           | additional work of negotiating with each App, which would
           | likely be "take it or leave it" pricing for all except the
           | big ones, but I can't imagine it being illegal.
           | 
           | That doesn't cut to the core claim of lack of competition,
           | though, and that's why the choice of remedy here will be
           | interesting.
        
             | sosborn wrote:
             | > just like a retail mall charges stores
             | 
             | Of course, as we all know, rent in a retail mall often
             | includes a percentage cut of monthly revenue, so we would
             | be right back where we started.
        
           | karmakaze wrote:
           | There are other ways if you're honestly trying to be fair.
           | eBay for instance could have made 10% of (price+shipping)
           | exempt assuming 10% was the nominal fraction before abuses.
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | I never understood why eBay didn't resell shipping to their
             | sellers. They could have gotten very favorable rates from
             | the carriers with that kind of leverage.
        
               | lemoncucumber wrote:
               | > When you print a shipping label on eBay, our negotiated
               | rates let you save money relative to what you would pay
               | at the post office or to a carrier for most services, and
               | you'll save time by not having to stand in line. The cost
               | of the label is then charged to your invoice, PayPal
               | account, or Processing funds if you're a managed payments
               | seller.
               | 
               | Source: https://www.ebay.com/help/selling/shipping-
               | items/labels-pack...
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | Ah, well then that would have been the easy path. No
               | commission if you pass-through charge eBay rates.
        
               | dawnerd wrote:
               | You're also not really lying commission on the shipping
               | when you factor in the discounts they provide and what
               | they charge the customer. There's some cases where you
               | get screwed a little but it's not as bad as a lot of
               | people think. I still make money on shipping if it's
               | beaver and goes out priority.
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | > Same here -- every app would turn free, and charge to
           | unlock features within using their own payment mechanism.
           | 
           | Not necessarily. Apple would likely be unable to extract the
           | rents it currently does, but if a dev has the choice of
           | paying a 5% fee using an rarely-used payment system, or
           | paying a 15% fee using a payment system that most users
           | already have set up and that has very little friction, the
           | latter is likely more profitable.
        
           | mdoms wrote:
           | No they don't "have to". Every other platform gets by just
           | fine without this rule. Windows Store, Play Store, Samsung
           | Store, Steam, Origin, Epic Game Store, even Apple's own MacOS
           | store.
        
           | mdoms wrote:
           | > As a general rule, app stores simply don't allow third-
           | party payment in apps that don't go through the store, for
           | this exact reason. It's not just Apple with this policy.
           | 
           | This is not a "general rule". I can't think of any examples
           | other than Apple's app store.
        
         | api wrote:
         | > Apple doesn't own that device any more. They sold it to
         | someone.
         | 
         | Ownership is so pre-cloud. Now everything is cloud tethered so
         | nothing belongs to anyone except whoever runs it's cloud.
        
         | smnrchrds wrote:
         | I have seen this time after time, that when the question of
         | Apple store comes up, a top-rated comment always makes a
         | comparison with game consoles to argue it is all fair. I don't
         | personally believe the comparison makes sense, but many on HN
         | do. So I am going to ask, how is this different from
         | PS/Xbox/etc? If the game consoles still 'own' the device after
         | you have bought it, e.g. when PS disabled Linux installation
         | feature via update on consoles they had already sold, why
         | shouldn't Apple be entitled to do the same, to do as it pleases
         | with the devices in perpetuity?
        
           | xyzzy_plugh wrote:
           | I can buy a game from a store as well. Or a friend. And sell
           | my games as well. I can choose which console I buy to consume
           | these games on. It's a game-centric system.
           | 
           | Sure, the path consoles are heading down will look like the
           | current Apple situation very soon. And I think the same
           | criticisms apply then, too.
        
             | d3nj4l wrote:
             | > I can buy a game from a store as well.
             | 
             | Console games sold in stores pay a licensing fee to the
             | console maker, so the maker still gets their 30%.
             | 
             | > I can choose which console I buy to consume these games
             | on.
             | 
             | Not really? You can't play the new Demons' Souls on an
             | Xbox, no matter how much you want to. You also can't get
             | Gamepass on a PS. Console sales are driven by exclusives.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | It is the other way around, consoles are like this since
             | they were introduced.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | >how is this different from PS/Xbox/etc?
           | 
           | They aren't that different but I'm not sure this has been
           | challenged yet. So perhaps that's the difference- nobody has
           | yet challenged Microsoft's monopoly on the Xbox or Sony's
           | monopoly on the Playstation.
           | 
           | I would love these platforms to be opened up as well. The
           | fact consoles are closed walled gardens too doesn't excuse
           | Apple's App Store monopoly.
           | 
           | Edit: From what I can gather there isn't anywhere near a
           | billion total consoles in use worldwide however there is over
           | a billion active iPhones in use right now:
           | 
           | > Apple says there are now over 1 billion active iPhones,
           | with 1.65 billion Apple devices in use overall.
           | 
           | https://www.theverge.com/2021/1/27/22253162/iphone-users-
           | tot...
        
           | mthoms wrote:
           | One holds your saved games. The other connects you to local
           | emergency services, the global economy, your financial
           | assets, your government, your family, your education, and
           | increasingly - your health care provider.
           | 
           | To suggest they should be treated the same is _downright
           | laughable_.
           | 
           | Yes, the underlying technology is similar, but their
           | importance and impact on society is orders of magnitude
           | different.
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | From a legal perspective though, where this matters most,
             | the law makes zero distinction between single purpose and
             | general purpose computing devices whatsoever. Furthermore,
             | they are all computers capable of running code from
             | anywhere and the law views them as such. The distinction
             | you are drawing that consoles are "specific" and iPhones
             | are "general purpose" has no bearing in the law, nor in my
             | opinion should it.
             | 
             | From the law's perspective, the iPhone is on the same legal
             | grounds as a PlayStation or Nintendo Switch. Frankly, I
             | don't think the law should try to separate devices. Either
             | this lock-in is legally permitted, for any manufacturer, or
             | it's not permitted and all manufacturers must be open.
        
               | mthoms wrote:
               | Strong disagree. We should regulate based on what's best
               | for consumers and the free market.
               | 
               | Consider that different classes of vehicles are regulated
               | differently, even though they all rely on the same
               | underlying technology.
               | 
               | The law should serve the people, not some rigid doctrine.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | > We should regulate based on what's best for consumers
               | and the free market.
               | 
               | I agree completely, which is why hopefully Apple
               | prevails. Their ecosystem is the best for Apple customers
               | and the free market.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | Are consoles sold as general computing devices?
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | Can you define a "general computing device" in a way that
             | includes PCs and phones, but not game consoles?
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | That's easy. Can you run spreadsheet programs, image
               | editors, IDES, etc by default on consoles? Just approved
               | software, no jailbreaks, hacks, etc.
        
               | wincy wrote:
               | I can't run Xcode on my iPhone either even though that's
               | what I need to develop apps for my iPhone. Even more
               | strangely I can't run Xcode on the iPad Pro despite it
               | literally running the same chip that runs Xcode on a
               | cheaper device (the Mac Mini).
        
               | 5560675260 wrote:
               | Yes, all of this is available via web browser.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Ah, nice, can I do any of that offline?
        
               | BeefWellington wrote:
               | Given you can't run most games on current-gen consoles
               | offline I'm not sure that's the point you think it is.
        
               | 5560675260 wrote:
               | Well, you've asked if it's possible, not if it's
               | practical and convenient under any circumstances.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | I can't edit my comment. Console vendors don't envision
               | consoles as general computing devices, which kind of
               | tends to end any sparky comments one might make on the
               | topic.
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | This is irrelevant - the law makes zero distinction between
             | "general purpose" and "specific" computing devices. They're
             | all computers.
        
               | izacus wrote:
               | Can you cite this "law" you're talking about?
        
           | deergomoo wrote:
           | > when PS disabled Linux installation feature via update on
           | consoles they had already sold, why shouldn't Apple be
           | entitled to do the same
           | 
           | Didn't Sony lose a class-action for doing that?
        
             | paulmd wrote:
             | No, they settled.
        
           | josephcsible wrote:
           | I don't think it's different. I think game console makers are
           | also being unfair and should open up their consoles.
        
             | paulmd wrote:
             | Microsoft is a signatory to this suit and yet is explicitly
             | arguing that they shouldn't have to open up their devices.
             | 
             | It's a suit of convenience for everyone involved, nobody is
             | making a principled stand for user freedoms here, they just
             | want to pry open Apple's bank vault, and they don't care if
             | user privacy (permissioning/app review, etc) gets shredded
             | in the process.
             | 
             | That the software freedom argument just happens to resonate
             | with a lot of people who will sympathetically argue along
             | with Microsoft and others as they continue to deny user
             | freedoms is merely a bonus.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | > Microsoft is a signatory to this suit and yet is
               | explicitly arguing that they shouldn't have to open up
               | their devices.
               | 
               | Can't I agree with Microsoft on some things but disagree
               | on other things?
               | 
               | > they don't care if user privacy (permissioning/app
               | review, etc) gets shredded in the process.
               | 
               | I don't think there actually has to be a tradeoff between
               | privacy and freedom, but if there were, I'd pick freedom
               | every time.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | Well, the dominant market player supports the approach
               | you want. iOS controls about 15% of the global market,
               | why should the force of law be used to extinguish an
               | alternate user experience that some users want?
               | 
               | Like, literally, you're trying to use the force of law to
               | blot out an alternate user experience that you don't
               | like, so that you can make a point about "user freedom".
               | It's a pretty awful thing you're trying to do.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | I'm not proposing that any user experience be
               | extinguished. I'm fine with the Apple App Store being the
               | default app store, and users being able to continue
               | getting apps only through them and making all payments
               | through them if they want to. I just don't think it
               | should be forced even on people who don't want it.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | Removing the requirement for app store review will
               | extinguish the option for a curated user experience, as
               | major apps will explicitly use sideloading/third party
               | app stores to bypass the app review process and
               | permissioning systems, _just as they have already
               | attempted_. You literally are arguing for something with
               | the immediately foreseeable consequence of removing the
               | _choice_ for a curated experience with applications
               | required to undergo app review.
               | 
               | Again, you already have the choice for your user-freedom
               | oriented experience on the dominant market platform with
               | 85% global smartphone marketshare. Stop arguing to deny
               | us the _choice_ for this user experience.
               | 
               | But for you it's not enough to merely choose the
               | experience you desire, you have to force it on me too.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | The global split of 85% Android and 15% iOS is super
               | misleading, since a lot of companies' primary customer
               | base is Americans, and among Americans it's basically a
               | 50/50 split.
               | 
               | And there's no reason that fixing this problem would
               | allow bypassing permissioning systems. On Android, apps
               | installed from third-party sources still need to have a
               | list of permissions and request them the same way apps
               | from the Play Store do.
               | 
               | > major apps will explicitly use sideloading/third party
               | app stores to bypass the app review process and
               | permissioning systems, just as they have already
               | attempted.
               | 
               | And if this were true, then why do so many apps still use
               | the Play Store on Android? Why haven't they all switched
               | exclusively to third-party stores?
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | Is it misleading, or inconvenient to your argument?
               | 
               | 50/50 still means you have a major choice that implements
               | the user-freedom model that you desire, while you're
               | arguing to extinguish the user-privacy model.
               | 
               | > And if this were true, then why do so many apps still
               | use the Play Store on Android? Why haven't they all
               | switched exclusively to third-party stores?
               | 
               | Play Store doesn't have an app review process, and yes,
               | permissioning is a major problem there, the "flashlight
               | app that wants network access and your contacts list" was
               | a very real thing (until Android finally implemented a
               | flashlight app) and continues to be a thing for other
               | types of applications.
               | 
               | https://www.extremetech.com/mobile/298363-why-do-android-
               | fla...
               | 
               | That's the thing app store review prevents on iOS, and
               | the changes you're suggesting fundamentally undermine
               | that process. When facebook removes themselves from the
               | app store and creates their own so they can demand full
               | permissions, the choice will become "give the permissions
               | or stop using facebook" and that's a degradation of the
               | iOS user experience, all for a nebulous argument that the
               | app store cut is too much.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | 50% of all customers is way too much for most developers
               | to be able to give up. And your arguments that gaining
               | freedom will require losing privacy still haven't been
               | convincing.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | Whether or not you are personally convinced is
               | irrelevant, the _facts_ are that Facebook literally
               | already has tried to do this and gotten their hand
               | slapped for it.
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/01/facebook-and-
               | google-...
               | 
               | The facts don't care about your feelings here - facebook
               | and others have already attempted to exploit the limited
               | mechanisms of sideloading available to violate user
               | privacy, and they will do so again if given broader
               | permissions.
               | 
               | You are directly arguing for the removal of the mechanism
               | that was used to slap their hand.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | Did Facebook do the same thing with their Android app? If
               | not, what's the difference between how Android is now and
               | how I'm saying I want iOS to be?
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | It's not my job to construct your argument for you, if
               | you think there's a viable point to make there then say
               | what you mean for yourself.
               | 
               | As I've previously shown, Play Store is rife with apps
               | requesting far too many permissions, I've no idea what
               | Facebook specifically asks for.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | I'm saying that what Facebook did has nothing to do with
               | whether the device manufacturer has an app distribution
               | monopoly.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | So you're saying that if we just allow them to request
               | full permissions upfront then there's no need to go
               | around the backdoor?
               | 
               | ... not sure how that's supposed to be reassuring for
               | user privacy concerns.
               | 
               | Again, on Android, you've got even things like flashlight
               | apps asking for far too many permissions, let alone
               | Facebook.
        
           | ajconway wrote:
           | Not many companies are in the business of being fair or
           | moral, usually it's about making money. Lawmakers have the
           | power to force companies into being more fair (for whatever
           | definition of "fair").
           | 
           | On the comparison between Apple and Sony, -- objectively
           | there is no difference except that they work in different
           | markets and the devices they sell have slightly different
           | purposes. If as a result of all of this Apple is forced to
           | make their devices more general-purpose-like, it would be
           | easier to insist that Sony should do the same.
        
             | ReptileMan wrote:
             | Since the console gaming have already gotten the worst
             | parts of the pc gaming, I don't think that bringing the
             | positives to consoles is as threatening as you think.
        
           | konschubert wrote:
           | Game consoles have negative margins, it's their business
           | model.
           | 
           | If apple started selling iphones at negative margins maybe
           | they would have a better moral stand in charging a tax.
        
             | spideymans wrote:
             | Apple subsidizing the cost of iPhones with revenue from
             | elsewhere in their walled-garden ecosystem would arguably
             | be even _more_ anticompetitive. Apple 's competitors don't
             | have the ecosystem advantage that would allow them to
             | generate revenue from other parts of their business. Apple
             | would be able to drive down their iPhone prices, while
             | mainlining exceptional quality, which would be _very_
             | difficult to compete against.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | > So I am going to ask, how is this different from
           | PS/Xbox/etc?
           | 
           | Game consoles are specific-purpose computing devices: they
           | play video games with a secondary use of running other
           | entertainment apps (netflix).
           | 
           | Phones are general purpose computing devices: they are use to
           | do practically anything that a computer can do; check email,
           | look up navigation, buy things online, check bank balance,
           | create and edit photos/videos.
           | 
           | There is an entire universe of apps that don't make sense on
           | an Xbox. Why would your bank create an Xbox app, or why would
           | Adobe port over a version of Photoshop for the Xbox? They
           | wouldn't. And that's the difference between the two.
        
             | zamadatix wrote:
             | The latest Xbox and PlayStation are literally just AMD PCs
             | that support connecting a keyboard and mouse if you have
             | one (and the Xbox running a locked down version of Windows
             | ripe with APIs explicitly made to have general purpose apps
             | run without rewrite from standard Windows even!) - the only
             | thing not making them a general purpose computing device is
             | the restrictions on what you can run. That the restrictions
             | don't let you run general purpose computing isn't reasoning
             | on why the restrictions are okay to be there in the first
             | place.
             | 
             | Now one could argue the intent is they not be general
             | purpose devices, but so could the intent of anyone not
             | wanting competing stores. I'm not sure the intent of how
             | manufacturers want users to use it factors in as such.
             | 
             | One argument that comes up often related to this set is
             | consoles are sold at a loss (and iPhones are not) on the
             | assumption profitability (not increased profits) will be
             | made through purchases on the platform. This is more of an
             | bona fide difference between phones and consoles but has
             | it's own debate as well (which I'm not going to get into
             | here as this is already veering pretty far off the article
             | topic).
        
             | spideymans wrote:
             | I'm not necessarily in favour of Apple here, but I do not
             | find this to be a compelling argument.
             | 
             | "General-purpose" is an artificial distinction. The idea of
             | "general-purpose" devices do not exist in any legal sense.
             | 
             | >Game consoles are specific-purpose computing devices: they
             | play video games with a secondary use of running other
             | entertainment apps (netflix).
             | 
             | This is a circular argument. Game consoles are "specific-
             | purpose" because they've been made to be "specific-
             | purpose". The Xbox could be a perfectly adequate gaming PC
             | had Microsoft not decided to artificially lock it down.
             | There's no technical reasons why I shouldn't be able to
             | plug an Xbox into a monitor and get real productivity done
             | on the same machine I play games (like any gaming PC).
             | 
             | An even better distinction: the Nintendo Switch. The Switch
             | could easily function as a tablet PC had Nintendo not
             | locked down the system.
             | 
             | >There is an entire universe of apps that don't make sense
             | on an Xbox. Why would your bank create an Xbox app, or why
             | would Adobe port over a version of Photoshop for the Xbox?
             | They wouldn't. And that's the difference between the two.
             | 
             | And why is this where the line is drawn? I wouldn't put
             | Xcode on my iPhone. Nor would I put Blender or Final Cut
             | Pro. You certainly wouldn't run a web server on an iPhone.
             | These are all things "general-purpose" computers are
             | capable of. You've just drawn the line where it happens to
             | be convenient for this argument.
             | 
             | Edit: We should also consider the dangers of this argument
             | too. If we codified what a "general-purpose" device is, the
             | response from manufacturers would be to simply restrict the
             | capabilities of their devices to not be "general-purpose".
             | If banking apps and Photoshop are what makes a computer
             | "general-purpose", then we'll see banking apps and
             | Photoshop banned from platforms.
        
               | gjsman-1000 wrote:
               | Exactly. I keep seeing people saying "but iPhones are
               | general purpose and consoles aren't so what Apple's doing
               | is illegal!" and I'm like, where did you get that idea
               | from? Where did you learn that meant anything? But I see
               | it all the time all over the place.
               | 
               | The law, as you said, makes no distinction between these
               | devices because they are all computers, and all computers
               | are theoretically capable of running code from anywhere
               | unless effort is taken to restrict that. Nor, in my
               | opinion, should the law try to make a distinction because
               | that would quickly become arbitrary or very messy as
               | companies tried to qualify as non-general-purpose.
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | I agree. I'm sure Sony, Nintendo, and the MS Xbox
               | division are paying close attention to all these App
               | Store discussions. In some ways, the success of the
               | Apple/Google app stores may lead to the general undoing
               | of all app stores, consoles included.
               | 
               | As I mentioned somewhere else in this thread, the App
               | Store situation is unique. Existing anti-trust doesn't
               | really fit, and it's also not completely good or bad for
               | consumers. I think Apple is taking a big risk here
               | continuing to push the more heavy handed aspects, and all
               | but inviting government (usually heavy handed)
               | regulation.
        
         | taurath wrote:
         | What if the platform strategy is inherently flawed from the
         | perspective of a public good, and is inherently monopolistic
         | and anticompetitive? How does this not reach the absolute
         | definition of a de facto monopoly, especially if you've read
         | about the powers that monopolies already broken up we're using
         | to keep theirs? No monopoly ever will admit it is one.
         | 
         | I would like to see a world where platforms are forcibly opened
         | - it seems like any downside could be easily mitigated with
         | competition or regulation. If Apple wants to be a privacy
         | platform great. But they don't get to take an arbitrary cut out
         | of every companies bottom line with no recourse because they
         | own the hardware. I think anyone saying the potential bad
         | effects don't have enough imagination as to how well things can
         | work when everything isn't owned by one company. You could even
         | argue it's anti capitalist if you wanted.
        
           | grishka wrote:
           | > they own the hardware
           | 
           | They don't -- the users bought it, it's theirs now. It should
           | be illegal to restrict hardware like this.
        
             | anonymouse008 wrote:
             | So when you buy a vehicle, you should be allowed to run any
             | custom OSS on the hardware?
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | Why not? It's your property. Though it's your
               | responsibility to not endanger other people with your
               | actions.
        
               | BenjiWiebe wrote:
               | rusEFI.com
        
               | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
               | I believe that you are already allowed to do whatever you
               | want on your property but if you want to drive it on
               | public roads you need to comply with some minimal safety
               | standards imposed by the state.
        
               | anonymouse008 wrote:
               | At what point do we look at the internet as public roads?
               | With the recent ransomwares, the line appears to be
               | shifting.
        
             | taurath wrote:
             | Meant to say they build the hardware. Quite agree.
        
         | slver wrote:
         | What you're saying is that you're OK with basically every
         | single developer declaring their app as free, and then asking
         | for your credit card, which will be processed in god knows what
         | ways with most of them.
         | 
         | So developers get in the shortterm to avoid the 30% cut. But
         | what happens next?
         | 
         | The payment process becomes much more cumbersome and much less
         | safe for users. So they start avoiding any payments on iPhone.
         | 
         | Apple loses basically all funding to maintain and curate the
         | store.
         | 
         | And in the long-term developers lose the entire platform,
         | because it's based on the goodwill of the users.
         | 
         | Who wins?
        
           | ipaddr wrote:
           | The user. If I like netflix and want to pay outside of iOS I
           | should be able to manage that without apple taking a cut.
           | 
           | Managing payment outside of a closed system makes so much
           | more sense.
           | 
           | Apple losing all funding to operate the app store is the
           | least of all issues. They can shutdown the store and
           | thirdparty stores would take over. If they can't afford the
           | app they probably won't sell many phones. Perhaps taking some
           | of the phone profits to fund the app store would make
           | business sense.
        
           | devit wrote:
           | This will not happen as long as Apple's cut percentage is
           | lower than the percentage of users that will give up or not
           | download the app when asked for their credit card in-app.
           | 
           | Obviously any reasonable Apple's cut will satisfy this
           | requirement.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | 4 users or 4 million the review process needs to be done
             | and done well otherwise it's just as risky as installing
             | random crap people download from the internet. So the issue
             | is Apples 'cut' needs to cover all those apps with few
             | buyers.
             | 
             | It's a complex problem because applications like BonziBuddy
             | mean you can't actually trust users to detect issues.
             | That's not to say Apple ensures quality, just that minimum
             | standards have actual value.
             | 
             | On the other hand it's reasonable for large companies to
             | disagree with subsidizing lone developers. _As such a
             | substantial fee to submit apps would likely be required._
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | SheinhardtWigCo wrote:
           | This is FUD. Where is the evidence that letting developers
           | choose how to process payments leads to rampant fraud? The
           | online payment landscape outside the App Store is actually
           | very safe for users.
           | 
           | Try to cancel an in-app subscription without Googling how to
           | do it. Good luck.
           | 
           | Also, if you try using the store, you'll see it's not curated
           | in any meaningful way. It's full of garbage and fake reviews.
           | Someone properly incentivized to improve it could do a much
           | better job.
        
             | coldtea wrote:
             | > _This is FUD. Where is the evidence that letting
             | developers choose how to process payments leads to rampant
             | fraud?_
             | 
             | Here, for one:
             | https://www.pandasecurity.com/en/mediacenter/mobile-
             | security....
             | 
             | And in the general open web, for another, where online
             | fraud is a multi-billion business...
        
               | SheinhardtWigCo wrote:
               | Not a single sentence in that article is relevant to this
               | topic.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | The topic is opening up the app store, allowing
               | developers to implement their own payments, and someone
               | asked: "where is the evidence that letting developers
               | choose how to process payments leads to rampant fraud?"
               | 
               | Well, Android is open to sideloading and less "walled"
               | and ends up with 50 times more malware than IOS. That's
               | what "that article" is about.
               | 
               | If someone connects the dots, they'll see that (a)
               | opening up iOS similarly will lead to similar levels of
               | malware, (b) letting developers have their own payment
               | systems in such an environment would just lead to tons of
               | that malware getting people's credit card details,
               | charging for BS, and so on.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Yeah, online fraud is a multi-billion business. But how
               | big is the open web? I'd imagine that it's transactions
               | are on the order of hundreds of billions and most likely
               | trillions, which would make that fraud an unavoidable
               | drop in the bucket.
               | 
               | And with Apple's system, are there any studies that shoes
               | it makes a material difference in this fraud level? Even
               | if it did, I'm not sure it's worth giving up all this
               | freedom when we already have a system that works.
        
             | LexGray wrote:
             | I have worked a few places where customer credit card
             | information was kept in spreadsheets or other open
             | databases. At the scale of an app developer who has trouble
             | affording a $99 developer account spending money on
             | securing customer information is a virtual non starter.
             | Also third party interfaces you may attempt to use are
             | often purchased and repurposed.
             | 
             | There are huge numbers of dark pattern companies who thrive
             | on the ability to thwart subscription cancellation and the
             | Apple method can at least be googled.
             | 
             | I have not seen any platform which has resolved the fake
             | review problem through incentives and many that are far
             | worse.
        
         | lifty wrote:
         | It seems that Tim Cook considers the devices and the ecosystem
         | that they create a *aaS. So they shouldn't be considered
         | general purpose devices on which you can run anything. Think of
         | them as cloud devices with local/edge cacheing for improved
         | experience, very similarly to what Google offers.
        
         | samhain wrote:
         | Imagine Apple wanting their cut from Google, because I used the
         | chrome app to buy something off of Amazon.
        
         | tw04 wrote:
         | So how do you feel about consoles? Because if they don't get a
         | cut they don't survive. I can't see how you can set a legal
         | precedent against Apple that doesn't apply to Sony/MS/Nintendo
         | as well.
        
           | Aeronwen wrote:
           | Microsoft already made the claim that smartphones are general
           | purpose computing devices, while a game console is single use
           | one that justifies _their_ walled garden.
        
         | colordrops wrote:
         | > I'd be less happy with developers being able to use their own
         | payment processors and be on the app store for free. There's a
         | chilling anti-free-speech type of thing going on there.
         | 
         | How would this have an effect on free speech?
        
         | bryanrasmussen wrote:
         | >with developers being able to use
         | 
         | I guess you mean not being able to? Normally I wouldn't bring
         | it up but I spent a several read throughs trying to make sense
         | of that sentence, and still not sure if I'm right?
        
         | deergomoo wrote:
         | > If a developer isn't using that infrastructure, they don't
         | owe anything
         | 
         | I've been following this case and the only thing I can conclude
         | is that their executives genuinely believe that Apple is
         | responsible for all commerce that happens on an iPhone. It's
         | bordering on delusion.
         | 
         | Without third party developers the iPhone would be nothing by
         | now.
        
           | an_opabinia wrote:
           | > their executives genuinely believe that Apple is
           | responsible for all commerce that happens on an iPhone
           | 
           | iPhones concentrate rich users who buy stuff. There's nothing
           | delusional about this. Likewise, Epic Game Store giving away
           | games they paid huge advances for also makes those games more
           | money than they ever would directly selling on Steam.
        
           | newsclues wrote:
           | Apple doesn't take a cut of transactions I make in my iPhones
           | browser.
        
             | Hamuko wrote:
             | They do actually get a cut if you pay with Apple Pay.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204274
               | 
               | >Are there additional fees to accept Apple Pay?
               | 
               | >No. Apple doesn't charge any additional fees.
        
               | maxsilver wrote:
               | > Apple doesn't charge any additional fees.
               | 
               | They do charge additional fees, just not to customers.
               | Those fees get tacked onto the bank/merchant in the
               | transaction. Apple charges between 0.15% to 0.30% of
               | total transaction, according to Financial Times.
               | 
               | https://www.macrumors.com/2014/09/12/more-apple-pay-
               | details/
        
               | lmz wrote:
               | No additional fees is not incompatible with getting a
               | cut. e.g. they could take some of the card issuer's
               | portion.
        
             | SheinhardtWigCo wrote:
             | This is why Apple holds back important APIs from their
             | browser, years after they are available in other browsers:
             | fast 3D graphics, offline storage and compute, push
             | notifications, to name a few.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | I might buy into that theory if they didn't have Apple
               | Pay in the browser.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | You mean the feature that lets them take a cut of every
               | transaction that goes through it?
        
               | sidlls wrote:
               | Good. The "browser is a mini-OS" metaphor has proven to
               | be an absolutely terrible experience for both developers
               | and end-users. Time to find another way.
        
               | mthoms wrote:
               | Let the market decide? If it's so obviously terrible it
               | will fail.
        
               | sidlls wrote:
               | Like with cigarettes.
        
               | mthoms wrote:
               | Please don't make unsubstantial comments on HN. You're
               | not being as clever as you think you are.
               | 
               | Edit: The _context_ of my pro-free-market comment is app
               | stores. _Of course_ it 's not absolute. You very well
               | know this. Please don't argue in bad faith.
        
               | sidlls wrote:
               | The comment was not unsubstantial, nor was it "clever" in
               | the way you suggest was attempted. Cigarettes were quite
               | a popular _market driven_ product for literally decades.
               | The point being, obviously, that "the market decides"
               | isn't necessarily a good way to determine or identify
               | quality, or what consumers actually want or need.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | mthoms wrote:
               | The "what about cigarettes?" argument would be relevant
               | if one of the market participants in this scenario was
               | _literally killing people_ (or otherwise harming society
               | in some way).
               | 
               | An honest reader would not interpret my pro-free-market
               | comment as being 100% absolute in any and all
               | circumstances. An honest reader would consider the
               | context. You're not arguing in good faith.
               | 
               | Try again?
        
               | Torwald wrote:
               | Apple also holds this sort of features back on their
               | browser on the open desktop platform (macOS). Judging
               | from that I'd say there must be another reason.
        
               | cglong wrote:
               | Safari for macOS has push notifications, arguably the
               | most important component of PWAs.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | Yes. To avoid the crappification of mobile, where
               | everything it's a bunch of slow, memory and battery
               | draining Electron apps, doing whatever they want, each
               | with custom UI...
        
               | mhh__ wrote:
               | Definitely that and not to avoid the potential for
               | circumventing their lock-in. If Apple were that obsessed
               | with performance, their LLVM backends wouldn't be closed
               | source.
        
               | ubercow13 wrote:
               | How is that not what exists? Aren't many apps based on
               | web technologies, and/or have custom UIs? There's little
               | standardisation even among 'real' native apps.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | > _How is that not what exists? Aren 't many apps based
               | on web technologies, and/or have custom UIs?_
               | 
               | Yes, but
               | 
               | (a) some, as opposed to all which is the dream of the pro
               | web-app camp.
               | 
               | (b) forbidding custom JS and web engines helps keep this
               | low
               | 
               | (c) even the crappy mobile-webview apps at least have to
               | be wrapped in an app container, be installable and
               | uninstallable the same way, be notarized, use the same
               | payment system with central control, and be tied to the
               | same policies (e.g. regarding privacy, notifications, use
               | of apis) as native mobile apps
        
             | deergomoo wrote:
             | Exactly, which is what makes their argument so flimsy.
             | 
             | Sure sometimes apps get promotion and featured by the store
             | but for the vast majority of apps, any downloads they get
             | have about as much to do with Apple as the results of your
             | web searches do.
        
             | doikor wrote:
             | And for how long would Safari on iOS keep up with new
             | features or not get its performance nuked if for example
             | games started to move into browser apps in major numbers on
             | iOS. Apple itself said in the trial that games pretty much
             | subsidize all other apps in terms of the money Apple makes
             | out of the App Store.
             | 
             | iOS Safari already lags behind in features. Apple would
             | just make it even worse if it started to cost them
             | significant amount of money to have a truly great web
             | browser.
        
               | moron4hire wrote:
               | > Apple itself said in the trial that games pretty much
               | subsidize all other apps in terms of the money Apple
               | makes out of the App Store.
               | 
               | How does that work? It's not like Apple spent money to
               | develop the games _or_ the apps. And they are diverting
               | money from the profitable games to the unprofitable apps.
               | So how, exactly, are the games subsidizing the apps?
        
               | Leherenn wrote:
               | I assume it's that for most apps, the hosting/payment
               | processing/... costs outweight the revenues they make
               | from their cut, but not for games.
        
               | tasogare wrote:
               | I've haven't met any "feature" on desktop Chrome I wish
               | existed on Safari on iOS but don't and I browse the web
               | few hours a day from mobile. If anything, web browsers
               | are bloated enough already and should remove features or
               | fix the existing ones before adding news things.
        
               | schmorptron wrote:
               | Because it's Apple's incentive to offer a good web
               | browser to sell very expensive devices? The same
               | incentive Microsoft has to make Edge and Google has to
               | make Chrome for Android. They do not have a god-given
               | right to make money on every piece of software that
               | happens to run on devices they sell.
               | 
               | Besides, this wouldn't be an issue in the first place if
               | other web rendering engines weren't forbidden on ios.
               | Google / Mozilla could have their own browsers that
               | aren't just safari reskins.
        
               | slver wrote:
               | Apple lags behind Chrome in some features which curiously
               | directly benefit Google.
               | 
               | It's not slow, it's not broken. It's a great mobile
               | browser. So stick to reality and not bunch of made up
               | "what ifs".
        
               | candiddevmike wrote:
               | PWAs and web based push notifications only benefit
               | Google?
        
               | woogley wrote:
               | Well you can't send push notifications without a Firebase
               | account ... https://stackoverflow.com/a/41829063
        
               | slver wrote:
               | Yes.
               | 
               | Google's strategy is simple:
               | 
               | 1. The web should be able to control everything (i.e. PWA
               | features not normally found in a browser).
               | 
               | 2. Google should control the web (they can index it,
               | track, monetize it, but it has to be on the web).
               | 
               | 3. Profit.
               | 
               | Do you think Apple users are super excited at the
               | prospect of most apps turning into battery-draining non-
               | native shitty experiences, instead of using the iOS
               | frameworks? No, they're not.
               | 
               | And push notifications on iOS work as a service, to avoid
               | battery drain, they all go through Apple on a single
               | connection. This is free for all native apps. It can't be
               | implemented for web apps both for technical reasons and
               | because web apps can't be curated, so it'll just be
               | abused like there's no tomorrow.
               | 
               | Have you noticed on the desktop that EVERY SITE asks you
               | for push notifications? This is super annoying and bless
               | your soul if you ever clicked "YES" on any of those.
               | They'll spam you until you die, or eventually ask your
               | nephew to reset your permissions.
               | 
               | EVERY single feature not in Safari, has a reason not to
               | be there. And I'm sick of everyone eating up Google's
               | propaganda and becoming their tools in this. I don't mind
               | Google at all, they should fight for their PoV on all
               | this, and they have a right to expand their business.
               | 
               | But not at the expense of Apple or Apple's users. F that.
        
               | SheinhardtWigCo wrote:
               | Why can I play 3D games in every browser except Safari on
               | iOS? What is the technical reason for that?
               | 
               | Have you not noticed that EVERY APP asks for push
               | notifications and uses them as a marketing funnel?
        
               | sciprojguy wrote:
               | Long-time iOS developer here who _does not_ want cross-
               | platform dreck to become the standard. UIKit and SwiftUI
               | are deep frameworks that let you build really great user
               | experiences (if you 're willing to put in the work to
               | learn them), and Apple spends a ton of time and money
               | making sure they can work together and build an iOS app
               | that looks and feels like an iOS app, not someone's
               | crappy "web site in a native wrapper" or "several extra
               | layers of abstraction to hide an API and god help you if
               | you need to debug an API problem" approach.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | The web push notification restriction is exactly what
               | makes people create quick and dirty websites in a native
               | wrapper.
               | 
               | Let websites be websites. If you cripple them without a
               | good technical reason then they become exactly the sort
               | of app you're complaining about.
        
               | slver wrote:
               | I'm honestly glad to see one dev who cares about their
               | craft and not just "I wanna spit some HTML and boom, it's
               | on all phones".
               | 
               | HN is mostly frequented by developers, and it's so
               | frustrating to see how many of them are outright lazy and
               | don't think about UX but rather about how to get quickest
               | from point A to point B.
               | 
               | Rest assured most phone users are with you all the way.
               | But again, we wouldn't know it reading developer forums.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | What you are ignoring (and in a pretty condescending way
               | if I may say so) is that the best allocation of limited
               | resources in the interest of users is not always to
               | create scores of native client apps and device
               | integrations. It's not all laziness.
        
               | sciprojguy wrote:
               | No, it isn't always laziness.
               | 
               | Sometimes it's politics (I had a colleague leave a job
               | because the new director of development mandated they
               | rewrite their flagship enterprise apps in React Native
               | because he got a song and dance from a React Native
               | trainer/consultant and wouldn't listen to the people who
               | knew what they were talking about).
               | 
               | Sometimes it's different priorities (a meetup buddy of
               | mine some years ago had to write apps in PhoneGap because
               | "We're in the oil bidness, not the app badness").
               | 
               | It isn't always "the best allocation of limited
               | resources", either. Apart from having to do extra work to
               | make the UX close to native (which isn't trivial), using
               | a "cross platform" solution means you've just included a
               | giant third party dependency that you don't control or
               | maintain. Call it FUD if you want to, but in the forty-
               | odd years I've done programming/development that's never
               | been a good bet. If resources are really limited, the
               | best bet is to have a decent design and very clear
               | (reasonable) expectations and pay someone good to execute
               | them.
        
               | cglong wrote:
               | I still mourn the loss of Windows Phone (aka one of three
               | mobile OS choices) because of the "app gap". Small
               | developers wouldn't invest the time or money into porting
               | their app to the small marketshare. Even worse though,
               | large companies would let their apps flounder, if they
               | had one at all; the Bank of America app was simply
               | disabled rather than being updated.
               | 
               | If the PWA concept had caught on, users on all platforms
               | would have an equally good UX, increasing user choice.
        
               | mannerheim wrote:
               | Do most phone users really want to install apps for
               | Reddit, Imgur, etc.?
        
               | throwaway3699 wrote:
               | I think this is a really great point. PWAs are not a
               | threat to native apps - they are a great in-between that
               | adapts to different use cases.
               | 
               | Installation, push notifications, etc... are all optional
               | and can be mixed and matched based on what users actually
               | want.
               | 
               | An example would be individual forums are a great use
               | case for PWAs.
        
               | slver wrote:
               | If you visit a site a lot, you want to install an icon
               | for it. If you're willing to install an icon for it, you
               | prefer the quality and speed of a native experience.
               | That's just common sense.
               | 
               | Funny enough I couldn't find a decent native app for HN,
               | so I just placed a link to the site in my folder with
               | social apps. That site is the worst thing in that folder.
        
               | mannerheim wrote:
               | I know a couple people who dislike Reddit's degraded web
               | experience to drive users to their app. I haven't
               | installed the app myself. Maybe it's a minority opinion.
               | But supposedly Reddit has 1.6 billion unique visitors per
               | month, and about 120 million app installs.
        
               | slver wrote:
               | Judging by their non-degraded desktop site experience,
               | thank god we have the app. Honestly, Reddit is one of
               | those sites that make me think the world has collectively
               | forgotten how to make a sane site. It takes seconds to
               | load, and almost everything you go means looking at
               | animated placeholders for a time, until something
               | happens.
               | 
               | I have a workstation that deals with 3D rendering and
               | huge Photoshop files, or compiling sizable projects with
               | no problem, and my CPU is still pegged to 100% when I
               | browse Reddit.
               | 
               | I _shudder_ at the thought of those same people being in
               | charge of my mobile experience. I don 't feel like having
               | to replace my phone battery every 3 months, thanks.
        
               | mannerheim wrote:
               | I would rather have the choice, myself.
        
               | easton wrote:
               | I don't know about "only Google", but Apple feels that
               | web push in its current form doesn't benefit the user (at
               | least, how most browsers currently implement it where
               | every page can ask you for notification privileges). They
               | could gate the functionality behind PWA install, but
               | right now they don't.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | I don't see how this restriction benefits anyone but
               | Apple. What this restriction does is replace an annoyance
               | that doesn't benefit Apple with one that does.
               | 
               | Instead of websites asking to send notifications, they
               | are now nagging us to install useless apps that ask to
               | send notifications and clutter our screens. An honest
               | curator would never even allow these apps into their app
               | store.
               | 
               | This is purely a business decision on Apple's part,
               | nothing to do with user interests at all.
        
               | slver wrote:
               | So you're annoyed by a few dozen apps you've installed
               | sending notifications that "clutter your screen", and the
               | solution is to allow the thousands of sites you visit do
               | the same.
               | 
               | Okay.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | No, you don't understand. What annoys me is that Apple
               | has created an additional incentive for companies to
               | clutter my screen with useless apps that wouldn't have
               | any reason to be apps if it wasn't for push
               | notifications.
               | 
               | These "apps" should never be allowed in the app store.
               | They should be websites that get to ask me exactly once
               | whether I want to receive their notifications. Instead
               | they keep pushing and nagging me to install their apps
               | and Apple's policies are encouraging this behaviour.
               | 
               | In some cases, the notifications are useful, but there is
               | no other reason for them to be apps installed on my
               | device.
        
               | slver wrote:
               | Apps do also ask you exactly once if you want
               | notifications.
               | 
               | And you don't have to install any apps. Use the sites if
               | it's the same for you.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | I want some sites to send me notifications just like I
               | want some apps to send me notifications. I don't want
               | websites to turn themselves into otherwise useless apps
               | just to be able to send me notifications.
        
               | frosted-flakes wrote:
               | But they'll nag you forever to install their app if you
               | use the website. Like Reddit's constant stream of dark
               | pattern pop-ups and ads for their app.
        
             | cblconfederate wrote:
             | For now
        
           | duped wrote:
           | I don't think they believe that so much they believe they can
           | skim off the top of certain areas of commerce on iOS. If they
           | did it with bank transactions, Apple Pay, Venmo, Robinhood,
           | etc then people would be up in arms.
        
             | dannyw wrote:
             | Divide and conquer. It's gaming and software apps now.
             | It'll be bank transactions and commerce later on.
             | 
             | A 1% "Apple Platform Safety Fee" on Robinhood wouldn't
             | surprise me....
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Sounds like you're complaining about a hypothetical
               | future where they charge _less_ than Visa and MasterCard?
               | 
               | https://www.fool.com/the-ascent/research/average-credit-
               | card...
        
               | ImprovedSilence wrote:
               | What about funding your robinhood account from your bank
               | and not a card, so neither you nor robinhood pay
               | transaction fees?
        
               | zrail wrote:
               | Bank rails still cost money on a per transaction basis.
        
               | theptip wrote:
               | ACH costs a few cents per transaction. I've never seen a
               | company pass this on to their customers.
        
               | blendergeek wrote:
               | No, in this world they will charge on top of Visa and
               | Mastercard.
        
             | maxsilver wrote:
             | > If they did it with bank transactions, Apple Pay, Venmo,
             | Robinhood, etc then people would be up in arms.
             | 
             | Would they? Don't they literally already do this too?
             | 
             | Isn't Apple Card https://www.apple.com/apple-card/ them
             | literally skimming off the top of every financial
             | transaction, despite them doing nothing but provide a
             | branded whitelabeled Goldman Sachs Mastercard? (admittedly,
             | a very pretty fancy card)
             | 
             | I don't think the general population will ever be terribly
             | up in arms with Apple's behaviour anymore, so long as Apple
             | keeps forcing other businesses to hide Apple's
             | taxes/fees/cuts for them.
        
               | duped wrote:
               | A credit card with standard transaction fees and interest
               | is very different than taking 30% of every transaction on
               | the platform while also having the power to forbid
               | venders on the platform from increasing their prices to
               | make up the difference.
        
               | JadeNB wrote:
               | > A credit card with standard transaction fees
               | 
               | But they're only standard because the credit cards
               | asserted these fees, we got used to them, and now they
               | seem obvious, right? (I remember plenty of merchants who
               | used not to accept credit cards to avoid the fees, but,
               | whether by bank pressure or just the weight of
               | expectation, there aren't many of those any more.)
               | 
               | It surely won't be too long until these fees are
               | 'standard' too, in the sense that they're totally usual
               | and customary, whether or not they're reasonable.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > (I remember plenty of merchants who used not to accept
               | credit cards to avoid the fees, but, whether by bank
               | pressure or just the weight of expectation, there aren't
               | many of those any more.)
               | 
               | It's a difference between small merchants and large
               | merchants. Small merchants still feel free to refuse
               | cards or charge higher prices when you use them. Large
               | merchants aren't free to refuse (too much of a customer
               | loss) or to charge (against the credit company terms).
        
               | maxsilver wrote:
               | Absolutely agree, but it's not that much different than
               | expecting a tax on every Venmo/PayPal/Robinhood
               | transaction on the store (if I'm reading this correctly,
               | this is a thing Cook just implied they might do in sworn
               | testimony today)
        
               | duped wrote:
               | At the end of the day it's all about power, price and
               | value. A small transaction fee to handle payment
               | processing is reasonable, since everyone creates value
               | for everyone somewhere.
               | 
               | A tax for existence on a platform is just rent seeking
               | and increases prices for everyone but Apple. That's not
               | desirable and likely illegal.
               | 
               | The worst case scenario is Spotify-cation of services
               | where Apple used the App Store to identify popular
               | services, counters with their own, and then charges
               | extortionate fees such that they cannot compete with
               | Apple's native services. I would be concerned if we start
               | seeing an Apple Brokerage.
               | 
               | Apple Pay doesn't have a direct competitor in Venmo since
               | Venmo is about payment processing between people who
               | don't normally deal with credit card processing, and
               | cross platform functionality is the biggest value prop.
               | Apple Pay isnt a threat unless it works on all platforms
               | equally.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | I m pretty sure their users think so too. It's Apple's store,
           | they are IPhone's apps. Which is fine , effective marketing
           | halo effect and all, but somebody has to think of the
           | developers
        
           | dia80 wrote:
           | "It is difficult to get a man to understand something when
           | his salary depends upon his not understanding it."
           | 
           | - Upton Sinclair
        
       | austincheney wrote:
       | We need a WASM box for QT and Node running with full API access.
       | This is the best way I can see to bypass the restrictions of the
       | App Store.
        
         | austincheney wrote:
         | I suspect this was downvoted because.... money.
        
         | GrayShade wrote:
         | The best way to bypass their restrictions is to stop buying
         | Apple devices.
        
           | austincheney wrote:
           | I somehow imagine that is a less realistic an expectation.
        
             | cuu508 wrote:
             | Why? Are you tied to Apple and unable to leave?
             | 
             | I don't buy Apple devices, and so am not affected by their
             | restrictions.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | Yes, I'm tied to Apple and unable to leave.
               | 
               | Even if for the simple reason that I find other OSes and
               | devices that run them shit in comparison.
        
               | layoutIfNeeded wrote:
               | Has it occured to you that maybe those other OSes and
               | devices are shit precisely because they give unfettered
               | access to developers/scammers/adtech on their platform?
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | No, they're shit because manufacturers cheap out on the
               | hardware and furthermore install crapware themselves.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | Well, MacOS gives that unfettered access, and I still
               | find it better than Windows or Linux. :) Even after years
               | of neglect by Apple
        
               | austincheney wrote:
               | Then your preexisting boycott makes no difference to the
               | appstore.
        
           | ls15 wrote:
           | As a user, I actually like Apple devices and iOS much better
           | than Android, but I also want them to be more open. I want to
           | install browser extensions freely and I want that the app
           | distribution (quasi) duopoly gets broken. I also want full
           | control over my phone's network activity.
           | 
           | Apple needs to be forced to enable alternative app stores,
           | like Microsoft got forced to offer alternative browsers,
           | because they will never do it on their own.
           | 
           | Since these issues are increasingly covered in the media and
           | people are waking up to these issues, I am optimistic that
           | things will change for the better in the near future.
        
       | no_wizard wrote:
       | Just to iterate my take on this trial:
       | 
       | If Apple either lowers fees or comes up with an API allowing
       | alternative payment processing this all goes away I think. This
       | is what developers care about. This isn't really about
       | alternative app stores, I don't think Epic or any company cares
       | about the distribution model ok the whole, and certainly it's not
       | something the average consumer is thinking about. See the lack of
       | success with alternative app stores en masses on Android for
       | example. It's the payment model thers got the whole thing twisted
       | up.
       | 
       | The irony here is if they just charged more for a developer
       | license Thera based in the size of your org I think everyone
       | would be happy, and it would compensate Apple for the lowering of
       | the processing fees.
       | 
       | If it was 5% I don't think this trial would have ever happened.
       | 
       | I am stilll really interested to see how this turns out
        
       | AwaAwa wrote:
       | The AOL walled garden approach that befits the company, and the
       | users who can't deal with 'choice'. Decide for me what is best
       | please!
       | 
       | It won't last, but by golly has it been successful. No wonder,
       | history is replete with examples of this. Only difference is that
       | as money continues to devalue, the nominal financial heights seem
       | ever higher.
        
       | jmull wrote:
       | I don't know the legalities, but I think Apple should be free to
       | set their App Store policies but allow alternative app stores to
       | be installed (with some hoops to jump through so that it isn't
       | too easy for the tech-blind to do).
        
         | fartcannon wrote:
         | That's the same trash Google does with Android and it's
         | effectively as anti-competitive. They shouldn't be permitted to
         | limit competition at all. In any way.
        
           | jmull wrote:
           | How do you think malware should be controlled?
           | 
           | An App Store has the ability to load executable code that
           | might do anything onto your device. I don't think an OS can
           | just opt to do nothing about this.
           | 
           | Some basic guard rails, designed to dissuade the technically
           | unsavvy seems like the least that could be done.
           | Additionally, I think there would need to be a malware
           | management system, similar to ones on other more open
           | platforms like macOS or Windows.
        
             | aaronax wrote:
             | Require code to be signed by a certificate issued to
             | verified individuals by the government. Prosecute
             | individuals who produce the illegal code.
        
               | jmull wrote:
               | There are some problems with that approach...
               | 
               | (1) Which government? Governments have limited
               | jurisdictions, so, e.g., the U.S. federal government, or
               | the State of Michigan, is going to have a hard time
               | prosecuting a Russian citizen in Russia.
               | 
               | (2) Under what laws? There are a lot of things that are
               | malware that aren't strictly illegal, at least not yet.
               | Laws like this aren't easy to write, either. They almost
               | surely need to include the element of intent, which will
               | make them hard to use.
               | 
               | (3) What agency (in each country) is going to be given
               | the responsibility *and budget* to enforce the anti-
               | malware laws (once they exist)? You're proposing the
               | creating of a fairly large new bureaucracy for most
               | places.
               | 
               | (4) For good reason, the justice system in most places
               | moves slowly. Presumably, malware apps will need to be
               | left up at least until the criminal investigation is
               | complete and a court order can be obtained. Possibly
               | until a guilty verdict.
               | 
               | It seems so much more efficient to put in some up-front
               | barriers to malware stores.
               | 
               | I'll also just point out that we have had malware
               | problems for some time and the threat of criminal
               | prosecution does not seem to have proven to be a
               | deterrent, so I don't think we can count on it now.
        
               | mdoms wrote:
               | Which government?
        
               | donkarma wrote:
               | tell that to an Iranian who wants to make a gay dating
               | app please
        
       | deergomoo wrote:
       | > Cook used more privacy and safety claims to defend that system,
       | saying it would be both insecure and inconvenient to let apps
       | process payments separately
       | 
       | This one is always funny to me, because sellers of physical goods
       | are of course totally exempt from IAP rules, because it would be
       | untenable otherwise.
       | 
       | I can type my card number directly into the Amazon app and buy a
       | paperback without any intervention from Apple.
       | 
       | And yet it's apparently insecure for me to buy a Kindle book with
       | the exact same mechanism in the exact same app? Get the fuck out
       | of here.
        
         | gondo wrote:
         | Maybe it's time to start selling paperclips with an ebook (or
         | any other digital goods) as a gift.
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | I can imagine the listings now.
           | 
           | > Paperclips for rent, will ship to any location within 2
           | metres of my house, must be returned within five seconds.
           | Complementary electronic copy of my latest book.
        
             | ineedasername wrote:
             | "Buyers may optionally choose to purchase paperclips for
             | donation to a charity of my choice"
             | 
             | Just imagine the confusion at Red Cross as they're
             | inundated with hundreds of thousands of paperclips.
        
         | bredren wrote:
         | On the surface, ebooks as a category of content make sense to
         | allow direct sale as you described.
         | 
         | However, your use of Amazon also serves as an illustration of
         | Apple's case.
         | 
         | Among kindle enthusiasts, Amazon had notoriously neglected the
         | Kindle product hardware and software platform.
         | 
         | From neglecting Goodreads to stagnation, to not including USB-C
         | on its very expensive Oasis product, the whole brand is a
         | picture of "we don't improve it because we don't have to."
         | 
         | Kindle ebooks do offer interactive behavior like showing
         | commonly highlighted passages and other light features.
         | 
         | But in most of the hardware, the interfaces are very laggy in
         | comparison to iOS.
         | 
         | As much as text selection on iOS still isn't great, it is
         | certainly better than what you get on Oasis right now.
         | 
         | If Amazon cared to create a stronger social experience around
         | goodreads and kindle for iOS users any time soon, it will
         | leverage a huge amount of investment Apple has made in their
         | software and hardware.
         | 
         | This is money Amazon had failed to invest themselves and it
         | shows.
        
           | ineedasername wrote:
           | If you're making a usability case between an Apple product,
           | you have to use the comparable Amazon product: Kindle Fire.
           | Amazon's eink readers are a completely different product
           | class than anything from Apple. And on a Kindle fire the
           | experience isn't dramatically different than any other
           | android based system, and the kindle reader apps between
           | Apple and Fires are nearly identical.
           | 
           | Comparing an eink interface to iOS is simply not at all
           | appropriate. Eink technology does not optimize for interface
           | speed. It is not part of its primary design goals.
        
       | lucasyvas wrote:
       | There appear to be a lot of comments effectively saying that
       | Apple's "altruism" is what keeps the app store advocating for
       | user privacy and security.
       | 
       | Let's say that's both true and a good quality of the app store
       | that could be lost on another curator's store.
       | 
       | This is still not a problem, because Apple can instead improve
       | the iOS permission API system to achieve a similar result. The
       | store that delivers you the app is irrelevant - the permission
       | model is what users should be expected to learn, not where they
       | get it from.
       | 
       | This is a computer literacy problem and is the user's
       | responsibility, not the platform. Not to sound too harsh, but how
       | long will users like Grandma - who don't know better - live?
       | Should we cater the entire system to these (comparatively)
       | incapable users when they are a disappearing demographic?
       | 
       | Not to mention, Grandma won't even know how to enable a third
       | party store, so Apple has absolutely no leg to stand on. Apple
       | will continue to make a killing being the default store since
       | they are posturing that their users are too dumb to do anything
       | else.
        
         | merrywhether wrote:
         | Punting responsibility to users is well and good until (for
         | example) their IoT devices start doing damage under the control
         | of Mirai. I'm not saying that a patrician approach is the only
         | solution, but we are not each our own perfectly isolated
         | islands.
        
       | jorams wrote:
       | > "IAP helps Apple efficiently collect a commission" -- for
       | payment processing, but also customer service and the use of
       | Apple's intellectual property. Without in-app purchases, "we
       | would have to come up with another system to invoice developers,
       | which I think would be a mess." If Apple let developers tell
       | users about other payment methods, Cook said later, "we would in
       | essence give up our total return on our IP."
       | 
       | Apple doesn't provide payment processing, customer service or
       | anything on payments made using other payment methods, so there's
       | nothing to invoice developers for. They also already charge
       | developers a yearly fee for a developer account.
       | 
       | Am I misunderstanding the argument, does the article misrepresent
       | it, or does it just not make sense?
        
         | Slartie wrote:
         | It just does not make sense.
         | 
         | They are measuring themselves with double standards. On one
         | side they want to defend their App Store tax and its immense
         | height by counting usage of APIs, the store's distribution
         | bandwidth etc. as value the developer pays for via commissions.
         | On the other side they advertise to the world how many millions
         | of free apps they have in their store.
         | 
         | Either those free apps are somehow not using any of their IP,
         | not consuming any bandwidth and not using any support
         | resources, or the entire argument is BS.
        
         | saurik wrote:
         | > If Apple let developers tell users about other payment
         | methods, Cook said later, "we would in essence give up our
         | total return on our IP."
         | 
         | Apple believes ("insists"?) that they deserve a cut of your
         | app's revenue--however you might collect the money--because
         | your app is using their "IP" in the form of all the libraries
         | and tooling they nigh unto force you to use to build apps that
         | run on their phone; like, to them, UIKit (I presume), Metal
         | (which many people are only using because Apple refused to
         | implement OpenGL or Vulcan), and (this is rich) apparently even
         | Xcode (wtf: that thing _sucks_ ;P) is so awesome that they
         | deserve 30% of your revenue, and they spent a bunch of time
         | during their testimony trying to show the various ways Epic
         | used--and even liked--their software.
        
           | anonymouse008 wrote:
           | Everyone is gawking over the M1
           | 
           | > because your app is using their "IP" in the form of all the
           | libraries and tooling they nigh unto force you to use to
           | build apps that run on their phone; like, to them, UIKit (I
           | presume), Metal (which many people are only using because
           | Apple refused to implement OpenGL or Vulcan), and (this is
           | rich) apparently even Xcode
           | 
           | And say what you will about Xcode, but I'm literally building
           | in Vapor 4 (server side Swift) with all of its warts because
           | I experience trauma leaving Xcode. JetBrains and VSCode are
           | painful to get to function like Xcode - but if there are any
           | pointers to make it a better experience I'm al ears...
        
           | grey_earthling wrote:
           | You're paying for access to their userbase.
        
             | gbrown wrote:
             | ... which is monopolistic rent-seeking, the like of which
             | would have been shut down (and was) in the 90's
        
       | pseingatl wrote:
       | Apple's lawyers screwed up, big time. It is unimaginable that a
       | party to a lawsuit would tell the judge, "You and I have a
       | different view." OMG. Better go in the hall right there and then,
       | Timmy, because the person holding the "different view" is
       | deciding your case. There are dozens of other ways to get your
       | point across without openly disagreeing with the judge. Apple is
       | toast.
        
         | nikanj wrote:
         | I have an inkling that the Apple legal team might have more
         | legal expertise than someone on HN
        
         | dec0dedab0de wrote:
         | _There are dozens of other ways to get your point across
         | without openly disagreeing with the judge. Apple is toast._
         | 
         | That's only true if the judge is petty and unprofessional.
         | Sure, judges are people, and people could always give into
         | emotions. Though I think that's a pretty big leap to say they
         | are "toast" for disagreeing.
        
       | topkai22 wrote:
       | My problem has always been that Apple is both the gatekeeper and
       | a competitor in its app store. I'd have a lot more trust in Apple
       | as a consumer if they didn't offer up first party products such
       | as Apple TV and Apple Arcade. It makes the shutdown of game
       | streaming services seem particularly disingenuous.
       | 
       | The payments issue is more complex, but I can't get a metaphor to
       | origins of monopoly law out of my head: If payments processing is
       | like shipping around little bags of money, its like we have a
       | railroad that controls half the market forcing exclusive
       | transport contracts on manufacturers. It certainly FEELS wrong.
       | 
       | I think, ideally, Apple should be barred from offering first
       | party services without providing a mechanism for third parties to
       | receive the same treatment via a certification process. That
       | means that other game stores could get access to that apple
       | arcade button in the app store and that other payment processors
       | could be used, so long as they met Apple's declared standards for
       | privacy and security.
        
         | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
         | My iOS game which was in arcade category for years before Apple
         | launched Apple Arcade was changed to an irrelevant
         | category(Casual) as soon as Apple launched its Arcade platform.
         | Just information over email, No permission was asked.
        
       | badkitty99 wrote:
       | Lying through his greedy teeth
        
       | tangy_fluid wrote:
       | > Giving users control creates risk, and Cook argued that people
       | choose iOS specifically so they won't have to make risky
       | decisions with sensitive data. "We're trying to give the customer
       | an integrated solution of hardware, software, and services," he
       | said. "I just don't think you replicate that in a third party."
       | 
       | A million times this.
       | 
       | I own an Apple phone because I want a device that works like an
       | appliance. I don't have to program my toaster. I don't have to
       | worry about security risks in my washing machine. I want the same
       | consistency and dependability in the device I communicate with.
       | Android doesn't deliver this.
       | 
       | If I want to tinker with something I'll get on a Linux computer.
        
       | lmilcin wrote:
       | Just imagine car manufacturers demanding you to provide listing
       | of every trip, person traveling in the car, every product
       | delivered, so that the manufacturer can get their percentage of
       | the value of goods and services, on top of the value of the car
       | itself.
        
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