[HN Gopher] Scarcity tactics can anger customers
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       Scarcity tactics can anger customers
        
       Author : tdmckinlay
       Score  : 54 points
       Date   : 2021-05-18 16:22 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (tips.ariyh.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (tips.ariyh.com)
        
       | varispeed wrote:
       | Why these things are not taught in schools?
        
       | ortusdux wrote:
       | I once encountered a shopping cart with a 5 minute timer. Didn't
       | matter what you added, once you put something in your cart a
       | banner with a clock showed up and started ticking. I was going to
       | spend more on accessories than the base item, but once I saw what
       | they were doing I paid a few % more elsewhere.
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | Ticketmaster does this and it's really annoying because they
         | then want you to type in all of your personal information while
         | a clock is ticking away in the corner. The event isn't for 6
         | goddamn months, you can give me more than 10 minutes to type in
         | my entire life history that you demand for no good reason!
        
         | KozmoNau7 wrote:
         | The Scotch Malt Whisky Society recently put a 10-minute cart
         | timer on their website, and I'm perfectly fine with that.
         | 
         | For those who don't know SMWS, they're basically an independent
         | bottler under the guise of a club. Everything they bottle is
         | cask strength, non-chill filtered and natural color, which is
         | how I think all whisky should be.
         | 
         | You pay a yearly membership fee, which gives you access to
         | regular tastings and other events, as well as access to buy
         | bottles. Their sort of trademark thing is that they don't
         | officially tell you which distilleries the bottles come from,
         | so bottles are marked with a numerical code for the distillery
         | and one for the specific cask. That means they can sometimes
         | get casks from distilleries that are not too keen on having
         | their name on independent bottlings, but the official reason
         | given is that SMWS wants people to taste any given bottle free
         | of preconceived ideas of what a whisky from any certain
         | distillery "should" taste like. Of course, there are readily
         | available lists mapping codes to distilleries all over the web,
         | but the official pretense is kept up.
         | 
         | Coming back to the shopping cart, the 10 minute timer is there
         | because they may only have 5 or 10 bottles of a given whisky,
         | so adding it to your cart reserves one bottle for you, until
         | you complete the order or the timer runs out. For limited-stock
         | merchandise, I think that's a sensible way to ensure you don't
         | get an annoying surprise right as you're trying to pay, and to
         | ensure that people can't just reserve a bottle forever and
         | never actually buy it.
        
           | vneur wrote:
           | It would be great if hacker news could find a way to filter
           | out advertisements... seems like they are getting more and
           | more common?
        
             | oh_sigh wrote:
             | How is this an ad, rather than someone just providing an
             | anecdote that is relevant to the conversation?
             | 
             | OP surely is a bad advertiser if that is their company,
             | considering they've been posting on hn for 4 years and this
             | is the first time they've mentioned it. 2.25 years ago they
             | said generally that whisky was an interest of theirs on a
             | comment. That's it though.
        
             | KozmoNau7 wrote:
             | I veered into an explanation, because I wanted to provide
             | context for why there is a limited supply and why I
             | consider cart timers to be fair and good practice in such a
             | situation, unlike when they are used as a pressure tactic.
             | 
             | As another posted stated, if I were trying to advertise,
             | I'm obviously not very good at it, my only connection with
             | SMWS is that I'm a member and that I probably spend way too
             | much money on whisky :-)
        
             | dang wrote:
             | What evidence do you have for saying that? The commenter's
             | history looks normal to me, and the comment was relevant.
             | Plenty of HN users go on about their enthusiasms. That's a
             | good thing, as long as they don't do it excessively, which
             | this user certainly isn't.
             | 
             | The site guidelines specifically ask people not to post
             | insinuations about this kind of thing. Internet users are
             | massively too quick to read it into other users' posts, and
             | it poisons the threads when they cross into accusing others
             | based on nothing but imagination.
             | 
             | Of course, if you're seeing actual evidence of abuse,
             | that's different, and you should let us know at
             | hn@ycombinator.com so we can investigate. Someone simply
             | having different opinions or tastes than you is not
             | evidence of abuse, though.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | twobitshifter wrote:
         | The timer may be to deal with inventory issues. A denial of
         | inventory attack exploits a site that uses carts to calculated
         | available inventory. Sites which track item availability need
         | to reserve the item for the customer when it is added to the
         | cart. If it's not, the item may not exist when they checkout.
         | 
         | Usually this works fine as only a small percentage of stock is
         | floated in inventory, but if someone wants to take your store
         | down, they can add many items to their cart that they never
         | intend to buy and leave it indefinitely. If you don't
         | periodically empty unused carts it will create a problem. It's
         | possible that the site you visited kept a very small inventory
         | and was suffering from these issues even without it being an
         | attack.
        
       | pitspotter wrote:
       | The Consistency Principle can be annoying too when used
       | exploitatively. I walked away from a gym membership once when
       | they tried to charge a joining fee in the last minute.
       | 
       | https://worldofwork.io/2019/07/cialdinis-6-principles-of-per...
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | Thank you for bringing up Cialdini. The scarcity tactic is
         | documented in _Influence, The Psychology of Persuasion_. In the
         | scarcity chapter he ties it to the "loss aversion" cognitive
         | bias, although he doesn't label it as such.
         | 
         | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/28815.Influence
         | 
         | https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/loss-aversion/
        
       | PragmaticPulp wrote:
       | This article assumes alternatives exist.
       | 
       | Obviously, if you're selling a commodity product with readily
       | available alternatives, your customers are simply going to order
       | the alternative.
       | 
       | However, scarcity tactics work extraordinarily well for a subset
       | of customers. Entire markets have been built around artificial
       | scarcity. A valuable pokemon card or baseball card isn't valuable
       | because it's hard to print colored squares on to card stock. It's
       | valuable because someone in an office somewhere decided that only
       | 1000 of those cards should be printed, and all of their customers
       | decided that the 1000 card limit makes it valuable. The majority
       | of the population rolls their eyes and moves on, but it doesn't
       | matter because their core audience believes in the artificial
       | scarcity.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | > Pokemon card ... artificial scarcity.
         | 
         | It is not an artificial scarcity though. The seller can't print
         | more rare cards, unless you were refering to Nintendo. I.e. if
         | I am low on dollars there is no artificial scarcity of dollars
         | just becouse the Fed can print more.
        
         | im3w1l wrote:
         | Pokemon card buyers are self selecting into a collecting
         | competition. People aren't going to brag to all their friends
         | about how they managed to snag one of the very limited rooms at
         | some no-name hotel. They _might_ though, if you have some
         | special gimmick I suppose, like if you cater to the crowd that
         | sees travel as completing a collection of attractions.
        
       | aequitas wrote:
       | Another example of this (at least where I'm from) is kitchen
       | salesmen. "I can only offer you this discount today." or "It so
       | happens my district manager is in today, I can maybe arrange a
       | discount if you are willing to sign now.". Stores that try to
       | pull this trick are an instant no for me as I won't trust their
       | aftersales if I can't even trust their sales tactics.
        
         | fatnoah wrote:
         | 100% agree on the "today only" being an instant "no" from me.
         | 
         | Conversely, I've had a good experience with this. I was buying
         | suits for the groomsmen in my wedding, and the salesman offered
         | to hold everything until the following Thursday because there
         | was a 15% off everything sale that day. He put them in a closet
         | and I came in on that day so he could ring the sale and I'd get
         | the discount.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | That follows. I remember a hard-sell gym years and years ago. I
         | was going to join anyway so I sort of ignored the "this offer
         | is only good today" thing. But quitting when I moved away
         | involved a bunch of nonsense like writing a letter to their
         | main office.
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | I learned this lesson from the school of hard knocks; moved
         | into an apartment I didn't really want because the price was
         | only good for that day.
         | 
         | Now I permanently associate exploding offers with long-term
         | dissatisfaction of the product.
        
         | hazeii wrote:
         | That's one trick I've often seen deployed against the older
         | generation (were salesmen more moral in the past?). I vividly
         | remember a salesman getting quite angry because he was trying
         | to slam my mother in exactly this manner, and my "well, we'd
         | like to think about it" really pi*ed him off.
        
           | aequitas wrote:
           | The getting angry is just another sales tactic if the first
           | one doesn't work. I've had one salesmen try that on me as
           | well. I just set there kind of laughing at the show he was
           | pulling of, but my girlfriend felt genuine threatened.
        
             | FalconSensei wrote:
             | > The getting angry is just another sales tactic if the
             | first one doesn't work.
             | 
             | WTF? I would never buy anything from someone who's getting
             | angry at me. If the sales experience is that bad, what can
             | I expect from customer support later? Threaten me not to
             | open any support ticket?
        
               | aequitas wrote:
               | Well, if I didn't have the life experience I had by then
               | I might have been pushed into the sale. He also tried to
               | make me feel guilty about wasting his time (1,5 hours)
               | talking through and drawing up a kitchen plan for us.
               | Which is why I could laugh at the whole situation,
               | because it's his risk for trying to get a sale. And if
               | his kitchen drawing services where that good he should
               | have made an agreement before spending his valuable time
               | with us. But I doubt anyone would visit that place if he
               | did.
        
             | fouric wrote:
             | > getting angry is just another sales tactic
             | 
             | That's legitimately horrifying. I've never had the
             | misfortune of experiencing it, but now I know - if a
             | salesman ever tries to pull that tactic on me, then instant
             | threat to call the police.
        
               | perl4ever wrote:
               | I don't know if it's a tactic. I think it may be common
               | for salespeople to be...weird, because it seems logical
               | if the barrier for entry is low, if they're on
               | commission.
               | 
               | I was at a Honda dealer once, having owned Honda and
               | Acura cars in the past, and thinking about a hybrid. I
               | said something to the salesman about Honda hybrid
               | drivetrains being second rate, engineering wise, compared
               | to Toyota, even though I generally liked Honda vehicles
               | in other respects.
               | 
               | I was startled when he seemed to take it really
               | personally. It didn't seem like he was just acting angry
               | - I can't see what the use of that would be.
        
         | manchego wrote:
         | I had this experience with a language learning app recently.
         | The premium content (which I was interested in) was $30. But
         | for the first half hour after app install the price was $20.
         | There was a banner with a countdown timer for that 30 minutes.
         | And lo and behold, the same banner popped up again a few days
         | later. I don't know whether or not the technique is effective,
         | but it sure annoys me.
        
           | MattGaiser wrote:
           | I fell for it on Udemy a couple times when I was new to the
           | site. I bought courses just in case the discount was not
           | available when I needed it. Worked on me.
        
             | monkeybutton wrote:
             | Worked, but will it again?
        
           | rightbyte wrote:
           | My mother falls for it. She gets stressed by the "sale for
           | just X minutes more" -- eventhough I said it is mostly a
           | scam.
        
         | moshmosh wrote:
         | These get an instant "no" from me. I don't care how good the
         | offer is. If you try to keep me from thinking about my options,
         | I'm not inclined to do business with you. Salespeople take me
         | from "maybe today" to "absolutely not today" with this tactic,
         | though I must be in the minority, since they keep doing it.
         | 
         | Plus if I reflect and later decide I do want what you're
         | offering, then I know your "full" price is bullshit and your
         | "special" rate probably is too, so I'll come in negotiating
         | hard, both because I've learned something about your prices and
         | because now I kinda don't like you.
        
           | aequitas wrote:
           | > If you try to keep me from thinking about my options, I'm
           | not inclined to do business with you.
           | 
           | I've also adopted the principle that if someone comes to me
           | with an offer, it must be beneficial for them. This is
           | especially true for door-to-door salesmen and utility
           | contracts. Like they give you a big (like 50%) discount on
           | electricity, but the gas price is where they get you.
        
           | crowf wrote:
           | well then you may be missing out on some great deals. when I
           | was searching for an apartment to rent I found a great place,
           | but I wanted some time to think about it. the landlord said
           | that they won't hold it for me and that they were showing it
           | to someone else the next day. I chose to take apartment and I
           | am really glad that I chose it.
        
             | moshmosh wrote:
             | Real estate's different, obviously, especially in this
             | market. It's not the same when time _actually is_ a factor.
             | 
             | Salespeople pull this crap with all kinds of things that
             | don't really have any actual time-pressure on them, though.
             | Home remodeling, various services, unremarkable (that is:
             | not unique or highly in-demand) cars. In fact, "we're
             | running a special that'll get you 10% off if you sign
             | today" is usually a strong indicator that I can ask for
             | 15-20% off _tomorrow_ and get it. If that kind of
             | salesperson offers you a  "deal" unprompted, then that
             | "deal" is actually their price for suckers. I hate that
             | kind of thing, don't like being manipulated, and don't like
             | it when scummy salespeople win. So I'll either look
             | somewhere else or take that newfound knowledge and ask for
             | something better than the "special", on my own timeline,
             | not the salesperson's.
        
               | aequitas wrote:
               | I've actually had some good experience with a salesman
               | where he told me there was a limited offer, but if I
               | could wait they would have a different offer next month,
               | just on a different brand of equipment. Still not fully
               | transparent but at least a little more honest.
               | 
               | We eventually settled on a IKEA kitchen, just because
               | they are fully transparent and offered what we needed,
               | with no pressure or tricks. And I got the chance to build
               | my own kitchen, which was a nice experience. If it was
               | not for their limited choice of options they would be the
               | only contender for our next kitchen.
        
               | FalconSensei wrote:
               | > I've actually had some good experience with a salesman
               | where he told me there was a limited offer, but if I
               | could wait they would have a different offer next month,
               | just on a different brand of equipment. Still not fully
               | transparent but at least a little more honest.
               | 
               | I think that's good. They can't promise you any upcoming
               | sale as they don't get to decide on that, but they know
               | the sales generally come up on X day of the month/week.
        
             | willcipriano wrote:
             | You so sure that the "someone else" actually existed? I've
             | successfully called that bluff in the past.
             | 
             | It's like when you interview for a new job and ask you if
             | you are interviewing with anyone else, why would you ever
             | say no?
        
               | chias wrote:
               | I _was_ that someone else, toured right as the other
               | family was leaving. I decided I liked the place and told
               | the landlord that if he was willing to have an awkward
               | conversation with that other family tomorrow, I would
               | sign immediately.
               | 
               | But yeah like moshmosh said, real estate is different.
               | Anything where you are vying for exactly one of a thing
               | is a different beast than whatever crap you SAAS vendor
               | is trying to tell you.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Even if the other person doesn't, in many cases the
               | someone else will in a few days. Real Estate is about
               | making sure you have just enough vacancies and no more.
               | Enough means that when someone comes looking you have a
               | place for them, and enough vacancies that you can
               | remodel/upgrade between - but no more.
        
             | FalconSensei wrote:
             | This is not related to the example on the thread. If the
             | other person after you didn't want the apartment, you could
             | still get it for the price they were offering you. If the
             | apartment was overpriced and still on the market after 6
             | months, you could get it for less.
             | 
             | Also, real estate is an exception because:
             | 
             | 1 - there is actually scarcity. A building with 200
             | apartments only has 200 apartments.
             | 
             | 2 - Some buildings are already (almost) full, so you can
             | only get in when someone gets out.
             | 
             | But what I see here where I live are offers that are valid
             | for a whole month or two. Of course, if all units are
             | taken, then you can't get it, but if they have an unit
             | available, the offer is good
        
           | NikolaNovak wrote:
           | I feel you're not alone, it's just that - rightly or wrongly
           | - they _seem_ to genuinely optimize for  "Max sales I can
           | squeeze in TODAY/RIGHT NOW", rather than "Max sales I can
           | squeeze in overall". I mean, their whole incentive structure
           | operates this way - neither salesperson nor their boss get
           | commission or bonus on sales that happen at some other point
           | in the future when you may or may not be there, and may or
           | may not be the one to make it. This happens on
           | macro/corporate level too - quarterly sales / revenue
           | targets, future be damned.
        
             | _ah wrote:
             | I disagree, and think this could actually be a good overall
             | optimization technique. If the product you are selling is
             | overpriced (not a bad value per se, but maybe ~35% above
             | where it could be) then the sales person should absolutely
             | optimize for the immediate sale. You get to sell RIGHT NOW
             | at a high markup, and any time you would invest later
             | trying to close a deal at a lower price can instead be
             | spent selling someone else at a high markup. There's
             | obviously no opportunity to close later at a higher price,
             | since by then the customer has had a chance to shop around
             | and discover true market pricing.
             | 
             | This works particularly well for large one-time sales where
             | pricing information is scarce and the relationship is less
             | important. Example: sales for replacement windows, doors,
             | roofs, etc.
        
               | aequitas wrote:
               | Indeed, it must work somehow, or else they would no
               | longer be in business. I think it also has to do with
               | demographic. Some people are just easily persuaded by
               | these kinds of offers, so if there is a hole in the
               | market, someone will fill it.
        
       | joezydeco wrote:
       | Seen this in real life, too.
       | 
       | A brand new ice cream place opened down the street and, since
       | opening, lines have been out the door. 45 minute waits at minimum
       | in the evenings.
       | 
       | But there they are on social media telling people "it's a great
       | time to stop in!" The first two replies were people stating
       | they'll wait a month until the lines die down. Probably not the
       | reaction they're expecting and maybe a fatal one if word starts
       | spreading.
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | "Nobody goes there anymore, it's too crowded"
        
       | hazeii wrote:
       | It's interesting how often on Amazon Prime I'll add one
       | relatively obscure product to my basket on the promise it'll be
       | delivered tomorrow, then add one more of the same and the
       | delivery goes out for a day (or more).
       | 
       | On common products though, the whole FOMO "Only X left in stock!"
       | is just a big ignore for the sales tactic it is.
        
       | arh68 wrote:
       | > _We don't know how customers that do manage to buy a scarce
       | product feel afterwards._
       | 
       | I bought an instrument the other day, online. When I first saw
       | it, it said 3 people had it in their cart. Maybe they were saving
       | up, maybe they were waiting on a tax refund, I don't know.
       | 
       | I feel kinda bad I took away their chance to play it instead of
       | me. Anticipation destroyed. If it showed names & avatars, I'd
       | probably feel even worse. Maybe it's different for truly mass-
       | produced stuff, where the serial numbers are in the billions.
        
       | Maxburn wrote:
       | Am I the only one that sees stuff like this and thinks "yeah sure
       | you do". It's a blatant high pressure sales tactic. But yes
       | Thomas McKinlay is correct, it isn't helping your company at all.
        
       | deathanatos wrote:
       | I have had airlines do a weird form of this all the time.
       | Particularly Delta, IIRC. "Only 2 seats left at this price."
       | Which is already bad, since what are the chance that those aren't
       | two middle seats half a plane apart? But then you click in to
       | purchase, and there will be _zero_ seats at the listed price. I
       | don 't know what the point was -- there was never going to be a
       | sale, because the offered price never really existed, and it only
       | ever serves to reinforce that I should have just taken the offer
       | from SWA in the first place, because they continue to be the
       | airline that screws with me the least...
        
       | NullPrefix wrote:
       | Only a few left? Well I don't really need it that much, I'm not
       | an asshole so I better leave them for someone who actually needs
       | them.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | That's a big problem with Kickstarter items. If the initial batch
       | is tiny, buyers may think "they'll never get this into
       | production" and avoid buying some hand-made prototype that might
       | not work.
        
       | matheusmoreira wrote:
       | Underhanded marketing tactics anger people? Of course they do.
        
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