[HN Gopher] Facebook faces 'devastating' EU-to-US data transfer ban
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Facebook faces 'devastating' EU-to-US data transfer ban
        
       Author : underseacables
       Score  : 215 points
       Date   : 2021-05-15 02:33 UTC (20 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (aje.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (aje.io)
        
       | rblion wrote:
       | The WWW is still in it's adolescence. Facebook empire is the next
       | AOL, Yahoo. Mark my words.
        
         | lanstin wrote:
         | But Steve Case was not pushing to win 100% he was happy to be
         | biggest player with competitors. So AOL was a lot less
         | ruthless. Also our revenue model was "fun stuff for people to
         | use so they pay a subscription" not "sell peoples intimate data
         | to data brokers." But definitely a lesson in how innovation can
         | leave an organization. Informally, I blame the influx of MBAs
         | and people attracted more to success than to building fun user
         | experiences, but of course lobbying from phone and cable to
         | block access to the higher speed plumbing which was allowed by
         | law for POTS made the business model of subscribe for a good
         | experience untenable.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | marderfarker2 wrote:
       | All these problems are already solved by China, by outright
       | banning these data leeches a decade ago.
        
         | sterlind wrote:
         | ah yes, that great bastion of privacy. and they've had the
         | right to be forgotten since June 4, 1989!
        
           | trasz wrote:
           | So how exactly the privacy laws in China (if any) compare to
           | the privacy laws in the US (if any)?
        
       | lucasnortj wrote:
       | only a mad person uses this cancer of an application
        
       | hirundo wrote:
       | > The case stems from European Union concerns that United States
       | government surveillance may not respect the privacy rights of EU
       | citizens
       | 
       | These are valid concerns that I share as a U.S. citizen concerned
       | about my own privacy from government surveillance. It's
       | appropriate for other countries to share them and to take action.
       | 
       | But is it clear that government surveillance by EU countries is
       | more respecting of privacy? It seems to me more like the 5/9/14
       | Eyes countries are cooperating on just these kinds of intrusions.
       | It isn't clear to me that Facebook data held on European servers
       | will be any more secure from intelligence agencies than on U.S.
       | servers ... including from U.S. agencies.
        
         | trasz wrote:
         | Would you, as an US citizen, be fine with Facebook transferring
         | all your data to another country with no control over it?
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | I'd be more comfortable with that than with my own
           | government, that cares what I do and how I vote, having
           | access to facebook's data on me. The scariest part of
           | European data sitting on US servers for Europeans is that the
           | US will have absolutely no regulations keeping them from
           | harvesting, slicing, and packaging every bit of it, and
           | sending it back to Europe.
           | 
           | Keeping the data from being shipped out is a good step
           | (hopefully not just focused on Facebook), but reimportation
           | of that data is a laundering process that can render local
           | data protections moot.
        
           | jmclnx wrote:
           | People using facebook ? They do not care at all about where,
           | how and volume of their data. All they want is
           | "pointy/clicky" access to numb their minds.
           | 
           | But storing data outside the US, where would US people get
           | their pics from should facebook fold, I will loose my best
           | and free Backup Servise, the NSA :)
        
             | etrabroline wrote:
             | I've seen this argument a lot recently. "If we screw other
             | people in a sufficiently convoluted and Rube-Goldbergian
             | enough way then it's almost like we're not screwing over
             | anyone at all!"
        
         | wrren wrote:
         | The difference is that, as an E.U citizen, the governments and
         | agencies that might access this data, along with the laws that
         | allow for that access, are ultimately accountable to me and my
         | fellow citizens. If my data is transferred to the U.S, I have
         | no ability to influence how it's used at all, I effectively
         | have no rights.
        
           | skinnymuch wrote:
           | I'm an average random person. I have zero, even being high
           | paranoia, of some other country surveilling me.
           | 
           | But my own country "spying" and surveilling me can be scary.
           | They have a lot of power over me. My one voice isn't
           | important enough to change any legislation or actions. I
           | doubt yours is either. If something unlucky happens with the
           | surveillance of you in your country, you're likely out of
           | luck. OTOH, nothing happens if Russia or China surveils me
           | (common boogeymen of the west)
        
             | dane-pgp wrote:
             | > My one voice isn't important enough to change any
             | legislation or actions. I doubt yours is either.
             | 
             | It sounds like you're suggesting human rights (such as the
             | right to privacy) should only be granted to those who
             | really need. Presumably the government would then get to
             | decide who really needs each right, and who isn't important
             | enough to warrant them.
             | 
             | Also, I think you're forgetting cases where people have
             | been spied on and ultimately renditioned or murdered by a
             | hostile government while in a third country. Perhaps
             | Assange and Khashoggi aren't perfect examples of that, but
             | there are plenty of examples of Russian and Chinese
             | dissidents who have been killed or threatened while living
             | in the West.
        
             | ComodoHacker wrote:
             | > I have zero, even being high paranoia, of some other
             | country surveilling me
             | 
             | Right until the point of some weird twist in geopolitics
             | and oops, that other country is sharing all it had on you
             | with your home country.
             | 
             | It's like Microsoft buying Skype or Facebook buying
             | WhatsApp, but you can't opt out and delete your account.
        
       | rich_sasha wrote:
       | I can't see why it would be devastating in practice. Why can't
       | the servers that deduce every little thing about the users be
       | also based in EU?
       | 
       | If I want a worldwide ad (is that even a thing?) for left-leaning
       | horse owners between ages of 20-27.5 with a child and at least 2
       | partners, can't that be dished out from an EU server for EU
       | users?
        
         | tchalla wrote:
         | > I can't see why it would be devastating in practice. Why
         | can't the servers that deduce every little thing about the
         | users be also based in EU?
         | 
         | It's devastating to their "cost of doing business" not "conduct
         | of business".
        
         | rbinv wrote:
         | >If I want a worldwide ad (is that even a thing?)
         | 
         | With regards to targeting: yes, you can target any country (and
         | all of them).
         | 
         | With regards to reach: yes, because you'll reach the user on
         | pretty much any site/app with ads, so it's virtually "running
         | worldwide" (from the user's point of view).
        
         | Iv wrote:
         | In some countries like France they will have to comply with the
         | local laws that restrict strongly non-anonymous listing of
         | persons and basically bans some criterion like race or religion
         | (bad memories from WWII). I suspect their algorithms can't
         | offer the guarantees asked by the law for personal data.
        
         | twobitshifter wrote:
         | I, an American, have a friend in France, where is our
         | friendship stored? I send a message to my friend in France they
         | send me one back, where are these two messages stored? We have
         | a photo taken while traveling together in Belgium with 2 other
         | Americans, what server? I could see this being a problem only
         | effectively solved by a separate EU and US Facebook.
         | 
         | It is not clear what data they are worried about transmission
         | of, but each type seems to need special consideration. You
         | mention ad-targeting data, but most data collected by Facebook
         | useful to the surveillance agencies Ireland is worried about
         | are more personal than that.
        
           | mrighele wrote:
           | An "easy" solution would be for FB to lobby for the USA to
           | adopt privacy laws similar to those in Europe. Then maybe the
           | data transfer ban could be lifted (somehow I suspect that
           | will not be the case)
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | martin8412 wrote:
             | The US would have to agree that data on EU citizens is not
             | theirs to snoop in. They would also have to trust that the
             | US would actually honor that, and I think most will agree
             | that the EU can't trust the US on that.
        
               | galgalesh wrote:
               | In case it wasn't clear; this was the exact issue. The EU
               | decided that current US legislation makes it impossible
               | for Facebook to ensure the US government will respect the
               | privacy of EU residents.
               | 
               | Search "privacy shield invalidated" for more info.
        
           | trasz wrote:
           | I suspect cases like this are a tiny minority. You could
           | handle them by falling back to the current way of doing this,
           | ie US servers, and still protect the vast majority of data
           | that's not related to US citizens.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | A tiny minority of Facebook users is millions of people.
             | Lots of people have international family and friends. A
             | fallback approach is infeasible for legal requirements,
             | unless it's there for appealing the fine to a lower value.
             | 
             | The question is potentially very difficult, and could only
             | be resolved by constructive engagement with the party
             | making the rules.
             | 
             | Don't forget what happens when people travel.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | The question can be solved trivially easily by just using
               | a big-hammer approach of banning any transfer of personal
               | information to US, period. There are no reasons for
               | allowing the transfer to happen, other than making it
               | easier for Facebook to make money. FB would implement it
               | by only storing interactions involving any EU nationals
               | in EU.
               | 
               | We do want to make it easier for Facebook for political
               | reasons, though, and it's still not particularly hard:
               | just declare that only the data/conversations involving
               | US citizens can be stored on US servers.
        
               | bryan_w wrote:
               | Are you saying that an American shouldn't be able to pull
               | up the profile of an EU user? Seems a bit extreme.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | Of course not; the data would come from FB's EU servers.
               | The "transfer" above applies to where the data is stored,
               | not where it can be accessed from. From the users point
               | of view the only change would be... nothing; the latency
               | is already at the point where it wouldn't incur any
               | observable penalty.
        
               | peoplefromibiza wrote:
               | many more people have friends and family in the US, but
               | are not allowed to enter the country freely.
               | 
               | Borders are heavily controlled by USA, why shouldn't
               | other countries to the same?
        
             | messe wrote:
             | > I suspect cases like this are a tiny minority.
             | 
             | Knowing people in other countries is a tiny minority? Maybe
             | in the US, given its size, but it's pretty widespread and
             | normal in Europe.
        
               | stingraycharles wrote:
               | I think you'd be surprised that HN is not representative
               | for the general population, and that talking with people
               | from another continent over WhatsApp is, in fact, an
               | exception and not the rule.
        
               | peoplefromibiza wrote:
               | > Knowing people in other countries is a tiny minority?
               | 
               | Absolutely yes.
               | 
               | Especially across two continents.
               | 
               | Europeans who have friends from Europe would all be in
               | Europe anyway.
               | 
               | Europe is larger than US btw, it has two times the
               | population.
               | 
               | Russia+Turkey+Germany alone account for 95% of the
               | population of the United States.
        
               | jltsiren wrote:
               | I would assume that most Europeans know people living on
               | another continent, or at least people who have lived
               | there in the recent past. There are plenty of careers and
               | hobbies where you make international connections, plenty
               | of jobs that require you to live somewhere else for a
               | while, and plenty of people looking for opportunities
               | elsewhere.
               | 
               | Globally, around 1 person in 30 lives outside their
               | country of origin, so knowing people in other countries
               | should be common.
        
               | peoplefromibiza wrote:
               | > I would assume that most Europeans know people living
               | on another continent
               | 
               | Not most, just some.
               | 
               | 1 out of 30 is a bit more than 3% and many of those have
               | family connections, they are not strangers living abroad,
               | they are - for example - Italians living in Canada.
               | 
               | EU citizens whose data should be kept in EU.
        
               | davidgay wrote:
               | And then said person acquires triple citizenship via
               | naturalisation and marriage, and moves to a fourth
               | country. Does your principle still apply? What happens if
               | those other three countries have similar rules?
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | If other countries had similar rules for protecting
               | personal information, the problem wouldn't exist in the
               | first place.
        
               | usrnm wrote:
               | > Russia+Turkey+Germany
               | 
               | I believe, in the context of this proposed ban "Europe"
               | means "the EU", not geographical Europe. So both Russia
               | and Turkey don't count.
        
               | anticensor wrote:
               | Russia and Turkey have something like GDPR minus a few
               | clauses plus national scope instead of EU scope. Data
               | portability agreements between those would be pretty
               | straightforward.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | DeusExMachina wrote:
               | I don't think it is.
               | 
               | I belong to a group that has several connections in
               | countries all around Europe due to frequent traveling to
               | dance events. Most of these people post on Facebook in
               | their own language and attend local events.
               | 
               | Outside of this bubble, things are very different. The
               | majority of people never move from where they are born,
               | speak poor English and never travel.
               | 
               | While the people with international connections are
               | surely a relevant amount, and even adding expats that
               | keep contact with friends and family, it's the group with
               | not international connections that I would define as
               | "widespread" and "normal".
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | We're not talking about storing/transferring data between
               | different countries within the EU though. The cross-the-
               | pond-friendship example was only provided as an example
               | of the topic at hand and not the fact that 'mericans
               | don't have European friends.
        
               | skinnymuch wrote:
               | I was initially thinking like you too. But it likely
               | isn't true.
               | 
               | With Facebook's lowering importance and my self getting
               | older, my interaction with non Americans has lowered. If
               | we are talking about the EU only, the amount is minimal.
               | 
               | Thinking about others around me, most don't have anything
               | significant with EU residents or have one specific set of
               | friendship[s] in the EU.
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | No, interactions - like, discussions - with people from
               | other countries is, for most people, a minority of their
               | overall interactions.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | > I, an American, have a friend in France, where is our
           | friendship stored?
           | 
           | Sounds almost philosophical. I have a friend. We both have
           | brains. In which brain is our friendship stored?
        
             | ta988 wrote:
             | Both, unless your "friend" does not consider you as a
             | friend, in that case it is only in yours.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | _People who live in society have learnt how to see
               | themselves, in mirrors, as they appear to their friends.
               | I have no friends: is that why my flesh is so naked?_
               | 
               | https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/548471-people-who-live-
               | in-s...
               | 
               | Let us consider your hypothetical glitched friend-state
               | within Antoine's concept of distributed self awareness.
               | Does the friend delusion lead to self delusion or vice
               | versa?
        
               | ta988 wrote:
               | I may not consider someone a friend, but still know they
               | do. Imagine the case of people that make "friends" to
               | abuse them or steal information. Note that it doesnt stop
               | them from feeling the friendship is fake and faking that
               | themselves. You see patterns like that in spy stories
               | with double or triple agents. Not sure how many
               | recursions a human brain is able to handle on an everyday
               | basis, I would guess between 2 and 4?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | MaxBarraclough wrote:
             | If you're both cryonically frozen, is the friendship
             | suspended? Does it spring back into being when you're both
             | defrosted, arising from the process of living? By this
             | account, friendships aren't purely a matter of data
             | storage.
             | 
             | If we're feeling especially poetic, we could make the case
             | that friendships can live on despite the death of one of
             | the participants.
             | 
             | Also, do we always assume a binary friendship of exactly
             | two participants?
        
           | endymi0n wrote:
           | This is spot on and a big problem. And although nobody here
           | including me would shed a tear about Facebook in this case, I
           | am worried about the precedent this sets.
           | 
           | Facebook has the deep pockets to either build this through or
           | fight it legally to the bitter end.
           | 
           | But for any startup trying to build a global X, this can put
           | a serious blocker in the way. Global sharding of entities and
           | working with that isn't for the faint of heart. I know we'd
           | stand still for a year or two trying to implement something
           | similar as a small to mid sized startup.
           | 
           | Philosophically and as a user, I actually like the idea, but
           | wearing the systems architect here, this requirement scares
           | me to no end and could throw a literal wrench into the
           | operations of any global effort.
        
             | 6510 wrote:
             | Implementing it from scratch does seem less of a
             | clusterfuck.
        
             | trasz wrote:
             | For any startup parasitizing on its users, you mean.
        
           | evanelias wrote:
           | Yes, this is exactly the challenge. It extends far beyond
           | just ad-targeting. On the database side, social network
           | sharding, replication, and caching schemes aren't typically
           | designed based on national origin of users.
           | 
           | If you have a full datacenter (i.e. containing databases, not
           | just a frontend or CDN / PoP footprint) in a country, then
           | typically the entire logical data set -- all data for all
           | users worldwide -- is presumably replicated there. Other
           | systems and services will then make assumptions that _any_
           | object can be looked up with low sub-ms latency.
           | 
           | Social networks often contain activity streams and other
           | pages that include content from many users at once. Consider
           | algorithmic ranking of feed content, comments on popular page
           | content, etc: how do you even implement this if even some
           | small subset of the data needs to be fetched from halfway
           | around the world _on every page view_?
           | 
           | Anyway, to answer your original question, friendships are
           | bidirectional associations and would typically be stored in
           | two places: one entry in your db shard, and one entry in your
           | friend's shard. Photos are objects and presumably would be
           | "owned" by a single user or page and located there (at least
           | in terms of the metadata about the photo); however tags may
           | be associations which have entries on multiple shards just
           | like friendships. If some of these shards can only be
           | accessed across a trans-Atlantic link, the entire scheme
           | falls apart due to the latency.
        
             | oldgregg wrote:
             | There is an assumption that everything in the world should
             | have 10ms latency. Why? Borders have always been meaningful
             | to protect unique people groups. Maybe the extra latency is
             | a way to protect indigenous cultures and allow local
             | solutions to compete with Facebook. There are indigenous
             | people groups all over the world where governments have
             | said "leave those people alone!" American tech companies
             | have done FAR more to destroy local cultures than
             | missionaries could have ever dreamed of. Just because you
             | can doesn't mean you should. Ultimately where it's going is
             | that to the degree Facebook can't buy off all the local
             | politicians it's going to have to follow the local laws and
             | have unique policies for each jurisdiction. Ideally you
             | would just have local companies running the social network,
             | enforcing local norms, with federated APIs to communicate
             | globally. Unfortunately the tech companies already control
             | so much media and mindshare they are gonna probably keep
             | that from happening in most places.
        
             | trasz wrote:
             | So Facebook would have to redesign their sharding. Who
             | cares?
             | 
             | Also, let's not forget that we're talking about a service
             | with absolutely horrible reliability. Facebook only cares
             | about reliability at scale; at a single person level
             | reliability is quite poor; you can suddenly discover that
             | your random post has 60 thousand likes (for a few minutes),
             | or a friend of yours has a new post (they don't). Thus, the
             | questions of "what if something has >10ms latency" don't
             | really matter - Facebook fails much worse than that all the
             | time.
        
             | corobo wrote:
             | Sounds like the challenge is using peoples' data in a way
             | that isn't scumbaggerific to be honest
        
               | gentleman11 wrote:
               | Correct. There would have been no problem if Facebook
               | were not abusing peoples data and trust so dramatically
               | and brazenly, but Europe is forced to do this to deal
               | with the American lawmakers refusing to step up
        
             | mackman wrote:
             | This guy shards. This is the correct answer.
             | 
             | "The social graph is tightly interconnected; it is not
             | possible to group users so that cross-partition requests
             | are rare. This means that each TAO follower must be local
             | to a tier of databases holding a complete multi-petabyte
             | copy of the social graph. It would be prohibitively
             | expensive to provide full replicas in every data center.
             | Our solution to this problem is to choose data center
             | locations that are clustered into only a few regions, where
             | the intra-region latency is small (typically less than 1
             | millisecond). It is then sufficient to store one complete
             | copy of the social graph per region. Figure 2 shows the
             | overall architecture of the master/slave TAO system."
             | 
             | https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/atc13/atc13-
             | b...
             | 
             | edit: Oh hah, didn't realize parent was former DB person at
             | FB. I was too, just a few years before :-)
        
             | blablabla123 wrote:
             | > the entire scheme falls apart due to the latency.
             | 
             | Every proper Microservice zoo also has the exact same
             | problem of ownership of data and latency. Holding
             | duplicates of often needed parts of the data works
             | surprisingly well and would also be fine with GDPR.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | If this was required, the solution wouldn't be too bad.
             | There is a latency penalty, but in a normal browser on a
             | normal computer, FB doesn't feel that close to the latency
             | minimums as it is.
             | 
             | Option A) client sends feed request to all regulatory
             | domains and mixes results itself. Downside is either you'd
             | always see the tail content from all regions, or client
             | would have fetched content it doesn't display. Also, if
             | client has to contact a load balancer in the regulatory
             | domain directly, you're at the mercy of the client's
             | international transit which is often worse than FB's.
             | 
             | Option B), like option A, but client sends feed request to
             | nearest server, nearest server bifurcates the request to
             | one per regulatory domain. If regulatory domain is local,
             | satisfy request (with all the sharded queries), otherwise
             | send it to a request processor with local data and do the
             | processing there. Feed request processor mixes the data.
             | Downside, extra memory used holding results waiting for the
             | remote regions to respond and managing more requests in
             | progress. You could get tricky and use recent response
             | times to try to get all responses back around the same
             | time, and reduce the time where you had some region's data
             | in memory, but not all of them, but that's probably silly.
             | 
             | Both of these are more work than the current scheme, and
             | nobody likes regulation requiring more work, but still.
             | Figuring out where things are permitted to be stored when
             | they involve people in multiple domains sounds like a
             | headache though. And actually splitting the data once the
             | parameters are clear doesn't sound like my kind of fun
             | either.
             | 
             | Disclosure: I worked at FB, but not with FB user data.
        
           | teachingassist wrote:
           | > We have a photo taken while traveling together in Belgium
           | with 2 other Americans, what server?
           | 
           | EU GDPR is pretty clear that all of the cases which involve
           | transferring data from the EU to the US fall under EU GDPR
           | rules. It refers to the location of the data, not the
           | citizenship or residency status of the individuals who are
           | involved.
           | 
           | So, the photo that you took and uploaded within EU borders is
           | theoretically in scope for EU GDPR - even if your French
           | friend is not in the photo.
        
             | teachingassist wrote:
             | I'm not sure why I get downvoted for observing this -
             | people don't like the truth?
        
           | pm24601 wrote:
           | Oh gee, you're right. URLs don't work across national
           | boundaries.</snark>
           | 
           | Seriously?
        
           | duxup wrote:
           | That's an interesting challenge.
           | 
           | Social connections span legal jurisdictions.
        
           | 6510 wrote:
           | You 4356324 have a friend 6434535.
           | 
           | Easier than CSS.
        
           | trasz wrote:
           | Your friendship can be stored in US or France. The problem
           | is, everything else about that French national is still being
           | stored in US, even if it's in no way related to US nationals.
        
           | rich_sasha wrote:
           | Good point. Is the ban more about where content is _stored_
           | or how it is accessed? I guess there is nothing bad about you
           | _seeing_ a page served from Europe.
           | 
           | Otherwise, a lot of this data presumably isn't covered by
           | GDPR. You and your friend are ultimately user_ids with a
           | relationship_id or sth, and these surely aren't GDPR-
           | controlled (but they point at details that are)
        
             | corty wrote:
             | Data that can be traced back to a person is covered by
             | GDPR. If the user_ids have attached user datasets somewhere
             | they are covered. If they don't have that, but the graph
             | formed by user_ids and relationship_ids is isomorphic to
             | publically known facts or facts that people with access to
             | the graph have, that make people identifiable in the graph,
             | it is covered by GDPR. One example would be a is-neighbour-
             | of relation for peoples' addresses together with a public
             | phone/address-book.
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | Still, solving that is hardly "devastating".
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | foolfoolz wrote:
           | i don't think it's that complicated. your account is in a US
           | database. your friends in a french database.
           | 
           | the us db can have a list of friends by user id and those
           | friends might be in other countries db. however your identity
           | and data live in us db only.
           | 
           | if you create a message the message can either be stored in
           | the us and referenced by id in france (or duplicated since
           | you intentionally sent it there). same for photos
           | 
           | this makes each transmission of data across regional
           | boundaries more intentional and easy to add governance checks
        
           | oauea wrote:
           | Facebook hires a lot of very smart people. I'm sure they can
           | figure it out, or just, you know, stop their illegal
           | behavior.
        
           | NicoJuicy wrote:
           | What I think:
           | 
           | Your message will be stored in the US. Your friends message
           | in the EU.
           | 
           | The metadata ( conversation table of both) would be stored in
           | the US.
           | 
           | Your picture from Europe as a US user with US residency will
           | be stored in the US. As Facebook wouldn't want your data
           | under GDPR and since it's also not required.
        
         | saddlerustle wrote:
         | I guess a US company running that ad would no longer be allowed
         | to do purchase attribution.
         | 
         | More practically through, all of facebook's infrastructure is
         | built on a transparently globally replicated database. Data
         | siloing was only originally considered for launching facebook
         | in China
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | > can't see why it would be devastating in practice.
         | 
         | It's really hard to design systems split like that. There are
         | so many corner cases. What when a user from the EU shares an
         | image with a US group containing users from Australia. Where
         | will the image be sent? Where will it be stored? What happens
         | if the US members leave that group? Need the image be rehomed?
         | What if at the moment that happens there is a trans oceanic
         | bandwidth shortage/outage? Will there be a queue for rehoming
         | images triggered by the final member of a group from a
         | continent leaving the group?
         | 
         | To avoid all the complexity, 99% of 'distributed' systems have
         | a 'master' for the data in just one place. I'm not sure there
         | are any distributed datastores that are masterless outside
         | academia.
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | To be honest, that doesn't sound like a problem FB can't
           | figure out.
        
       | macinjosh wrote:
       | It is incredibly rich for governments to regulate what can be
       | done with data citizen willingly give up in the name of
       | "protecting privacy". Yet they can monitor our Internet and phone
       | activity without consequence. It is so disheartening watching the
       | EU ruin the Internet. First the effect GDPR was to litter the web
       | with PITA popups and now they want to tell people what to do with
       | their data. The EU cannot collapse soon enough. The weight of the
       | bureaucracy will be their downfall.
        
       | jmclnx wrote:
       | I wonder what would happen if Facebook choose to pull out of the
       | EU with a large banner "Due to new EU regulations, we have to
       | stop operations until regulations change".
       | 
       | Would there be a large public outcry ?
       | 
       | Me, I would like to see facebook, google, apple... reigned in,
       | but they have a large bank account where that can "donate" to
       | pols, so we will probably see a big loophole appear.
        
         | trasz wrote:
         | Nothing, because the only important asset FB has is its market
         | share. If they left the EU, you'd have a functionally similar
         | alternative very, very quickly.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jlelse wrote:
         | I wouldn't find it bad for Facebook to be banned in Europe.
         | This would be a chance for less data-hungry messaging services
         | and social networks.
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | It would be inconvenient for me, but as long as there is
         | something else we can move to (Diaspora), I will survive.
         | 
         | I know two people who have married people from the US who have
         | moved here. I imagine they wouldn't be very happy not being
         | able to interact with their friends across the seas nearly as
         | easily. Who would they blame? That is a good question.
         | 
         | On the other hand, Twitter would be pretty pointless if I could
         | only interact with EU tweeps. I don't know if they would be hit
         | by this, I assume there is a GDPR exception for this the user
         | publishes?
        
         | varispeed wrote:
         | It's not possible, because how are they going to block EU
         | nationals from continuing to use the service? People can use
         | VPN, disguise themselves as Americans and so on. There is no
         | way they can wiggle themselves out of it unless they'll close
         | the entire operation, and that is not going to happen as
         | Facebook is a spying front.
        
         | Sanzig wrote:
         | That's a really risky maneuver for Facebook. Yeah, maybe it has
         | the desired result and the regulators back down. Or maybe
         | competitors that have been locked out for over a decade due to
         | the unassailable network advantage of Facebook finally have
         | their chance to shine, and a new European social network
         | competitor to Facebook rises up. The new competitor would be
         | able to architect their service ground-up for GDPR compliance,
         | which is something Facebook hasn't really been able to do since
         | their platform has a lot of architectural inertia behind it.
        
           | lanstin wrote:
           | Nice phrase, architectural inertia. Less judgy and more
           | specific than tech debt.
        
         | ramphastidae wrote:
         | They would never do that. Eyeballs for ads are all that matter.
         | Their service is based on quantity, not quality.
        
         | atypeoferror wrote:
         | When they tried a much smaller version of that in Australia, it
         | went very poorly for them - I doubt they will attempt a similar
         | maneuver anytime soon.
         | 
         | https://www.ft.com/content/cac1ff54-b976-4ae4-b810-46c29ab26...
        
         | jug wrote:
         | I use Facebook but them leaving EU would be amazing because I
         | only use it to keep in touch with friends and family, and now
         | they'd be forced off it. <3
        
         | des1nderlase wrote:
         | Why would EU (government) care? It's not like EU citizens would
         | leave EU. Especially given that the government is preaching
         | that this is protecting citizen rights.
        
       | iends wrote:
       | Ignoring Facebook entirely, this impacts the US company I work
       | for in a big way. We are in data centers throughout Europe and
       | follow GDPR, best security practices, limit access to production
       | data, etc.
       | 
       | Our company's interpretation is that we will need EU based teams
       | (that we will have to hire for) to help debug production issues
       | and to help customers because if I look at the data to triage
       | I've transferred it out of the EU.
        
       | mdasen wrote:
       | I know that a lot of people's reaction to this might be, "screw
       | Facebook", but the ramification might be "entrench Facebook such
       | that no one can compete with them."
       | 
       |  _If the Irish data regulator enforces the provisional order, it
       | would effectively end the privileged access companies in the US
       | have to personal data from Europe and put them on the same
       | footing as companies in other nations outside the bloc._
       | 
       | This isn't just about Facebook. This is about whether every small
       | company trying to bootstrap itself needs to take large steps to
       | architect their data storage in a way that allows for segregation
       | between European and American data.
       | 
       | For Facebook, this might be costly and annoying to deal with. But
       | what if you want to launch a new Flickr, Tumblr, Twitter, Airbnb,
       | recipe website, etc.? You're a team of 2-4 trying to get things
       | off the ground. Do you need to make sure that you are unavailable
       | in the EU? Do you need to work on splitting data storage before
       | you even find product-market-fit?
       | 
       | Like, Airbnb certainly hosts lots of data about people and
       | places, but when they were just starting out and trying to get
       | traction, it seems like it would be a big hurdle to comply with
       | this.
       | 
       | Facebook can comply with this. I think it would be a big burden
       | on anyone trying to compete with Facebook going forward or the
       | ability of new companies to get off the ground.
        
         | laurent92 wrote:
         | It was quite easy, in my software, to have a settings with
         | "data storage location" EU/US/Asia, and we transfer the data
         | over to the country of their choice, with a little downtime.
         | Granted there is a main database with everyone's
         | key/auth/chosen database, but that's the only centralized data.
        
         | ramblerman wrote:
         | You are assuming every company immediately needs to serve the
         | "whole" world.
         | 
         | This regulation might actually make EU startups serving the EU
         | more competitive vs competition from Silicon Valley.
         | 
         | Which would be a double win for the EU legislators.
        
           | akarma wrote:
           | A social startup only being available in a certain country
           | would be a substantial hindrance to adoption in most cases.
        
         | edoceo wrote:
         | > team of 2-4
         | 
         | It seems you'd have loads of other hurdles to get over before
         | intl-data becomes the thing that would block your growth.
         | 
         | My 4 person team solves with country specific domains and
         | hosting.
         | 
         | Before that we had to figure out how to be profitable and
         | "default alive" which was orders of magnitude harder than data
         | silos.
        
           | worewood wrote:
           | Yeah agree with you. I don't see what the difficulty is. It
           | is mostly an infrastructure issue and if you're starting from
           | zero you're going cloud anyways
        
       | saos wrote:
       | Erm today is the dead to accept new terms. I obviously haven't
       | done this. What will be the implications?
        
       | jug wrote:
       | Makes sense and I think this should've been required all along.
       | Moving personal data into new jurisdictions is just a trainwreck
       | waiting to happen.
        
       | yawaworht1978 wrote:
       | The EU lawmakers are doing what the gutless paid for and owned US
       | lawmakers cannot or will not do. The US congress balooneyd around
       | with Zuckerberg, he took the piss out of them.
       | 
       | The EU politicians are a little bit less shameless and do
       | something to protect the population(not even the local
       | electorate, they have the ability to see beyond the box).
       | 
       | Facebook and Instagram are designed to keep people more
       | "engaged"(addicted) , in order to collect more data and push ads
       | down everyones throat and retarget those who do not want any
       | business with them. Tried to delete FB, ig or WA account
       | completely? Every imaginable Ui obstruction and retention trick
       | will bother you on the way out.
       | 
       | The mother ship wants all the data intermingled to be more
       | efficient. Hell no, team EU lawmakers all the way.
        
         | shakezula wrote:
         | This is why every time I hear someone complain about GDPR i
         | gently remind them that it's the exact type of legislation
         | people say they want to protect their data. People are so short
         | sighted.
        
         | saddlerustle wrote:
         | > Tried to delete FB, ig or WA account completely? Every
         | imaginable Ui obstruction and retention trick will bother you
         | on the way out.
         | 
         | Deleting WhatsApp is Settings -> Account -> Delete My Account
         | -> Delete My Account
         | 
         | Deleting Facebook is Settings -> Account Ownership ->
         | Deactivation and Deletion -> Delete Account (With a very clear
         | choice between deactivation and permanent deletion) -> Delete
         | Account
         | 
         | Compare that to unsubscribing from the New York Times...
        
           | yawaworht1978 wrote:
           | It is true that subscription s and re occuring payments are
           | much worse, but we are talking "freeware" here. Especially IG
           | you have to do in the browser.
        
           | talideon wrote:
           | Except that's not really what happens with Facebook. I
           | deleted my account there ages ago, and discovered later when
           | checking haveibeenpwned.com that the email address I used
           | there was part of a data dump from Facebook. So, do I believe
           | that FB really delete your data when you request to
           | permanently delete it? Nope, not in the slightest.
        
             | saddlerustle wrote:
             | The last published DPC audit found that it does [1].
             | There's really no reason to subject themselves to huge
             | fines and lie about it, a very small fraction of facebook
             | users delete anything.
             | 
             | The "data dump" you're referring to was probably scraped
             | from public facebook pages before you deleted the account.
             | There has never to my knowledge been a case of private data
             | becoming public that was exfiltrated from facebook proper.
             | 
             | [1] https://web.archive.org/web/20171218060100/https://www.
             | datap...
        
           | tasogare wrote:
           | Facebook have (had?) this clause of "if you reconnect in the
           | following 30 days the account deletion will be cancelled"
           | instead of deleting it immediately. Which is indeed one of
           | the trick mentioned by GP.
        
       | graphtrader wrote:
       | Ahh poor Facebook. I feel so bad for them. Has to be tough not
       | being able to steal people's data.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | Now now, they don't "steal" it, they just "collect" it. All
         | this data falls off the back of a truck, they just pick it up.
        
           | oauea wrote:
           | Indeed, just like movie piracy is not stealing.
        
           | miralize wrote:
           | "That information was just resting in our servers"
        
           | mortehu wrote:
           | Isn't the main function of Facebook to allow users to upload
           | or enter contents for others to view?
           | 
           | It seems like people here tend to think of ad profiles as the
           | only data that matters, but Facebook "collects" messages you
           | post and photos you upload, just like most email services
           | "collect" all your emails. This kind of data is far more
           | sensitive than your ad profile.
        
             | iamacyborg wrote:
             | > This kind of data is far more sensitive than your ad
             | profile.
             | 
             | Yes and no.
             | 
             | certainly people share and post sensitive stuff on
             | Facebook. But Facebook knowing I've visited certain
             | categories of websites because those sites have a Facebook
             | pixel or they're running a third party widget that has a FB
             | pixel is historically a much more opaque form of data
             | collection.
        
               | lanstin wrote:
               | The valuable data they have is to build a model of your
               | personality and emotional dynamics, where they can
               | control the input, what you see in timeline, and watch
               | the output, the mood revealed by your subsequent actions
               | and posts. Knowing what stimulus will upset you enough to
               | donate or share a given type of content is pretty
               | valuable, even compared to knowing you need a new laptop.
        
         | sgregnt wrote:
         | This comment is very biased, who are you to speak for all
         | facebook users?
         | 
         | For one thing, Facebook allows me to stay connected with my
         | family in another country. I'm infinity grateful to it for
         | that, and I'm ready to exchange getting this amazing free
         | service for my very personal information. No one stole this
         | data from me, I'm happy with this arrangement.
         | 
         | Same with other the services: Google's, amazon, and what not...
         | Hell, the progress all these amazing services brought made my
         | live on earth a heaven really (not sarcastic)!
         | 
         | I'm personaly not afraid of big tech, imho they compete with
         | each other, they rise and fall, let them be. I'm afraid of
         | regulation that incentivizes lobbying, kill competition, and
         | create long term monopolies.
        
           | ev1 wrote:
           | The problem here is that the majority of users don't actually
           | have informed consent. They don't know what is happening.
           | They think it's just being served ads or something and are
           | like "OK, I can accept the ads in exchange for the service" -
           | what they don't know is FB is passing data to and from data
           | brokers, purchasing your credit card purchases, matching your
           | phone numbers against real life data, then leaking that data
           | to unintended recipients via API or otherwise.
           | 
           | I wouldn't care if I was served isolated display ads, even
           | targetted based on my entered data.
        
           | osmarks wrote:
           | They do not compete with each other (potential competitors
           | just get bought out), and already do lobbying in vast
           | quantities. And there's nothing about inter-country
           | communication which requires Facebook's data mining, inasmuch
           | as there are already network links between them which
           | Facebook uses.
        
             | jpttsn wrote:
             | I'd view "buying competitors" as a sign of "competing".
             | 
             | Otherwise, in the Middle Ages, "European kingdoms don't
             | fight wars, they just conquer one another"
        
               | osmarks wrote:
               | Possibly, but it's not the sort of competition which
               | leads to more choice and better outcomes for consumers.
        
               | jpttsn wrote:
               | Maybe, maybe not. Consumers would be analogous to
               | consumers of kingdoms, so it all sort of falls apart.
               | 
               | Anyway, if the competition is not an ends unto itself it
               | would seem a more direct argument can be made.
        
               | lanstin wrote:
               | The math showing free market equilibrium being the most
               | prosperous depends on a large number of entities on both
               | the selling and the buying end.
        
           | trasz wrote:
           | There are plenty of services that would serve that role -
           | staying connected with your family - at least as good as FB
           | does. That's the part most people are missing, I think: that
           | FB doesn't really have that much to offer, apart from its
           | market share. And, because of FB monopoly, pretty much
           | anything that hurts them is good for the market, ie everyone,
           | in particular their users.
        
         | MinorTom wrote:
         | You do realize _any_ potential Facebook alternative will face
         | the same problems, further entrenching Facebooks market
         | position.
         | 
         | This even applies to federated social networks like matrix - a
         | EU server can't easily send messages containing personal data
         | to US ones without at least signing an contract with the
         | required "standard contractual clauses" (technically an
         | contract is always required).
        
           | tifadg1 wrote:
           | is that really the case? - i.e. what if private citizens run
           | the servers - i don't see why these rules would apply to
           | them.
        
       | jpalomaki wrote:
       | In modern cloud data is likely encrypted on disk and typically
       | spread across servers. It's not really feasible to access the
       | data by physically taking control of the servers or disks.
       | 
       | Does the physical location really matter? If authorities need to
       | access the data, they would anyways need a higher level access to
       | it. In this sense it is more relevant who is controlling the data
       | and where and under what jurisdiction that entity is located.
        
         | cerved wrote:
         | It's not a matter of data being encrypted, it's about the US
         | authorities being able to demand decrypted access to the data
         | of EU citizens from Facebook.
        
           | ronsor wrote:
           | Facebook is a US company. Even if the data was stored only in
           | Europe, they'd likely cave to demands anyway.
        
             | des1nderlase wrote:
             | That's the point, not if EU said so. FB needs to comply to
             | EU laws to operate in EU.
        
             | cerved wrote:
             | it's not about where the data is stored, it's about
             | Facebooks inability to guarantee the rights of EU citizens
             | and their data as it's transferred to the US
        
           | cromka wrote:
           | And, although this is an educated guess, about US businesses
           | paying for Facebook ad services targeting EU customers using
           | the collected data in a way that GDPR would block in EU.
        
             | cerved wrote:
             | No, not really. This doesn't have anything to do with US
             | companies using ad targeting services that don't comply
             | with GDPR.
             | 
             | Schrems 2 is case primarily about US companies working with
             | US authorities.
             | 
             | https://edpb.europa.eu/our-work-tools/our-
             | documents/other/fr...
        
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