[HN Gopher] The Oncoming Ransomware Storm
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Oncoming Ransomware Storm
        
       Author : tenslisi
       Score  : 92 points
       Date   : 2021-05-11 18:19 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.stephendiehl.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.stephendiehl.com)
        
       | zabzonk wrote:
       | > we've seen the entire NHS hospital service shutdown
       | 
       | We have? As an NHS user, how did I miss this this?
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Things enabled by BTC/crypto: ransomewear, climate change,
       | overnight speculation millionaires!
       | 
       | Also article is a bit dystopian and blaming capitalism (per usual
       | these days).
        
         | sebastien_bois wrote:
         | But not entirely inaccurate.
         | 
         | I mean, 20 years, maybe even just 10 years ago we would've
         | shrugged off the type of attacks happening now as "pure science
         | fiction".
        
           | TheBill wrote:
           | 30 years ago there was ransomware in the wild:
           | 
           | 1989 -Popp/ AIDS trojan 2005 - GPCoder trojan 2017 - notpetya
           | (AKA the moller maersk hack)
           | https://actzero.ai/resources/white-paper/the-rise-of-
           | ransomw...
        
             | tharne wrote:
             | Amazing how quickly people forget the past.
        
       | bradleyjg wrote:
       | Make coins paid in ransom subject to seizure wherever they may be
       | found. It's not a silver bullet but it would help and it's an
       | easy change to make.
        
         | randomhodler84 wrote:
         | Already the case/law. The US had seized and sold many BTC over
         | the years. The Silk Road seized coins were sold to the highest
         | bidder.
        
       | _wldu wrote:
       | The article failed to mention tor. IMPO, tor and cryptocurrency
       | combined are the reason for the explosion of ransomware. Payment
       | websites running as tor location hidden services combined with
       | anon payments (XMR) is hard to beat (when done correctly).
        
       | seafoam wrote:
       | "A future in which ransomware and mass data theft are so
       | ubiquitous they've worked their way into our daily lives"
       | 
       | >>> True
       | 
       | "The singular reason why these attacks are even possible is due
       | entirely to rise of cryptocurrency"
       | 
       | >>> False
        
         | splithalf wrote:
         | Incentives matter. Bitcoin incentivizes certain types of
         | criminal activity. As Bitcoin grows the negative externalities
         | will become more pronounced. I truly don't get the ethics of
         | it. It is killing people, literally blood money as a great new
         | technology. Bonus points for incentivizing climate destruction
         | and burning of fossil fuels. I don't understand the ethics of
         | it.
        
           | tharne wrote:
           | The overwhelming majority of criminal commerce is conducted
           | using traditional currencies such as U.S. Dollars or Euros. I
           | truly don't get the ethics of it. It is killing people,
           | literally blood money...
        
           | literally_lit wrote:
           | Wealth incentivizes that activity. Cryptocurrency is one easy
           | way to transfer it, but it's not the "singular" reason
           | ransomware is "possible."
           | 
           | > literally blood money
           | 
           | ("Blood money" is an idiom, a colloquial metaphor. So a
           | virtual currency is "literally" a metaphor? Ugh.)
        
             | splithalf wrote:
             | I am trying to say that Bitcoin has caused a change in the
             | types of crimes that are being committed. It's easily
             | quantifiable. When I say it is blood money I mean that it
             | is a way to pay for assassinations. Assassination markets
             | are not new but Bitcoin as technology changes scale. Scale
             | matters, regardless of what you believe.
        
             | fouric wrote:
             | Cryptocurrency has properties that make many kinds of
             | criminal activity far _easier_ than most other kinds of
             | "wealth".
             | 
             | There's a reason that ransomware payments are now
             | exclusively transferred through Bitcoin.
        
           | McDyver wrote:
           | Replace "Bitcoin" with "Banks", in your argument.
           | 
           | Doesn't change anything
        
             | xxxtentachyon wrote:
             | It only works if you ignore everything in the "pro" column.
             | Try to imagine what a world without credit would look like.
             | It's a much poorer world.
        
               | McDyver wrote:
               | Without consumerism and unneeded use of resources, you
               | mean?
        
         | SteveNuts wrote:
         | Right, it's definitely a contributing factor as to why it's
         | profitable, but the attacks themselves could be done entirely
         | out of malice if they wanted to.
        
           | riccardomc wrote:
           | Sure it can be done entirely out of malice, but it is now
           | clear that cryptocurrencies enable the incentive of doing it
           | for money.
           | 
           | It is becoming more and more evident that ransomware attacks
           | are the killer app of crypto.
        
             | akiselev wrote:
             | _> It is becoming more and more evident that ransomware
             | attacks are the killer app of crypto._
             | 
             | Illegal activities were always the killer app. I doubt
             | bitcoin would be where it is today without the silk road
             | sites.
        
             | tharne wrote:
             | Because there was no such thing as cyber crime prior to the
             | invention of cryptocurrency.
        
               | VectorLock wrote:
               | Not on the scale we're seeing now.
        
           | CountDrewku wrote:
           | > but the attacks themselves could be done entirely out of
           | malice if they wanted to
           | 
           | But then it's not really ransomware anymore.
        
         | LeifCarrotson wrote:
         | Cryptocurrency does make it easier, sure. But without it we'd
         | still have Western Union/wire transfers to overseas
         | jurisdictions, or Paypal, or gift cards, or money mules, or any
         | number of less-traceable ways of turning ransomware into cash.
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | "The singular reason why these attacks are even possible is due
       | entirely to rise of cryptocurrency."
       | 
       | So-called crytocurrency may not be the _sine qua non_ , but it is
       | arguably a substantial factor in what is causing these campaigns
       | of automated attacks. Without an easy way to launder the "ransom"
       | payments, could these attacks be systematically executed on a
       | large scale with a level of success (receiving the payments
       | without getting caught) necessary to justify the risk.
        
       | mousepilot wrote:
       | I remember reading about malware like this some time back. I
       | tried everything I could to prepare but got vetoed at every turn
       | by management. My idea was to do "pull" backups to a server,
       | instead of "push" backups to shares, instead my boss's boss
       | bought some commercial backup package that while ok, when it
       | bombed a t-log chain, they blamed microsoft's implementation of
       | native sql server backups, and of course was nowhere near my
       | dream "pull" server thing, heck, I don't know if my idea was even
       | valid, I'm not that smart a guy honestly, you gotta know your
       | limits.
       | 
       | I wanted flash removed from my desktop, because being the
       | intellectual slug I am, I google everything, like how to get the
       | correct date and time. My previous job was as a convenience store
       | clerk, and as I'm in the process of getting fired right this very
       | week, I suspect it'll be my next job too. I was told by my boss's
       | boss and his cousin the gaming guy who built servers that "our
       | firewall blocks everything".
       | 
       | Of course, I got a text message one morning from my boss, while I
       | don't remember the exact text, I remember it included the word
       | "armagghedon". I came in to work carrying my uninfected laptop,
       | and heck, my pc looked pretty normal except the icons had changed
       | and sort of "doubled up", each second version contained the same
       | message, you know the drill.
       | 
       | I'm an sql guy, I know I'm not all CS smart like everyone here
       | but I gotta say it was obvious even to me what was coming, its
       | like an enemy doing bombing raids in the next city over and
       | people are still out there watering their lawns like nothing is
       | happening. Friggin malware, I guess it pays well tho.
        
         | JackFr wrote:
         | GPT-3
        
           | mousepilot wrote:
           | heh
           | 
           | interestingly enough, I've learned that machine learning is a
           | trend in malware protection nowadays and rather than being
           | signature based, it watches for malware like behavior. after
           | the attack, we installed something like that, and it removed
           | some of the very small vb programs I had put my heart and
           | soul into.
        
           | tnzm wrote:
           | This guy, and not the amygdala-hijacked no-theory-of-minders
           | that rolled in the other day?
        
             | mousepilot wrote:
             | I managed to wire up sirc to a perl eliza implementation
             | once. My cobol instructer in community college thought I
             | was a pervert for doing so and in hindsight she was
             | probably right, I think I only ran it once honestly.
             | Nowadays I just run an old eliza in another terminal when I
             | chat on irc and copy and paste between the two terminals,
             | this gets rid of the ethical concerns as there is a human
             | between the interface acting as a guard against AI run
             | amuck so I think I'm good.
        
         | api wrote:
         | "Our firewall blocks everything."
         | 
         | LOL. Firewalls are security theater.
        
           | mousepilot wrote:
           | they added memory after the malware attack so its probably
           | better now.
        
       | api wrote:
       | This histrionic piece really reduces this author's credibility in
       | my mind. I say this as someone fairly skeptical of
       | cryptocurrency, or at least of the value of present-day
       | cryptocurrency.
        
       | Sevii wrote:
       | Today is the beginning 'wild west' stage of the information
       | technology industry. Software ate the world and now security is
       | starting to matter to the bottom line.
       | 
       | GDPR and privacy are another big factor which I think will push
       | the professionalization of the industry.
       | 
       | I do think the worst case scenario outlined in this article is
       | unlikely. We can build systems that are not that vulnerable to
       | ransomware. You can have backups that are safely stored off
       | network. It is just that old industries have slowly computerized
       | without updating their processes and view of themselves.
       | 
       | Every company is a tech company now.
        
       | theshadowknows wrote:
       | I don't really have any answers. I don't think cryptocurrency
       | really makes the 'ransomware storm' possible. Maybe it makes it
       | easier or easier to get away with the cash.
       | 
       | I do know that I work at a company with very tight controls on
       | what we can and can't do with our computers. But we're free to
       | install Chrome extensions as we please. Which doesn't strike me
       | as a great idea, but maybe that's not really even the problem.
       | 
       | A lot of what I see in big corp environments comes down to finger
       | pointing. I'm on a weeks old thread this very day where different
       | groups are saying 'this isnt X's fault it's Y's fault' and it is
       | going nowhere. At the end of the day we need to stop assigning
       | blame and work together to fix problems. But that means we have
       | to be able to actually admit 'maybe this system isnt as fool
       | proof as we thought' which, of course, opens the company up to
       | legal liability. It's a tough and complex problem, I think.
       | Because no one wants to 'admit fault' for fear of being sued, but
       | not admitting fault ends up obscuring root cause. And round and
       | round we go.
        
       | randomhodler84 wrote:
       | More blaming money for crime. Cryptocurrency is money. Crime will
       | always exist as long as there are laws. Laws will exist as long
       | as there is society. Money will exist as long as there is trade.
       | Society<=>Trade. Stephen once again shouts at the inanimate money
       | or tech to blame it for societies ills. This is a dangerous
       | attitude can lead to cryptography restrictions, like banning of
       | e2e or tor.
        
       | alrs wrote:
       | Ransomware is great.
       | 
       | 1. Creates a huge financial incentive to try and break PGP
       | encryption.
       | 
       | 2. Pushes aside all of the lame corporate compliance "infosec"
       | people whose job it is get lied to about PCI compliance and bitch
       | about version numbers that they don't understand.
       | 
       | 3. Proves useless all of the "ex-special-forces" "red team"
       | "master safecracker" Defcon LARPers.
       | 
       | 4. Gives the insurance companies enough room to attribute attacks
       | to nation-state actors, making them "acts of war," and thus
       | uninsurable. If companies can't half-ass this stuff and let their
       | insurer clean up the mess, they're going to stop half-assing this
       | stuff.
       | 
       | 5. Put an end to the "I dunno, I pulled it off Dockerhub"
       | madness.
        
         | alrs wrote:
         | 6. You used to need to wonder: Have I been hacked? How bad? Now
         | you get an invoice day-of.
        
         | api wrote:
         | Items 2 and 3 will increase massively as people who don't know
         | what they're doing attempt to cover their butts.
        
           | alrs wrote:
           | a steep climb in the short term that falls off a cliff in the
           | not-so-short-term as those employers cease to exist.
        
             | api wrote:
             | That's not how the world works my friend.
        
               | alrs wrote:
               | so long as encryption-as-we-know-it holds-up, there's no
               | rescue for orgs that repeatedly get hit and can't get
               | their backup strategy together. Sure, you make a
               | regulatory mis-step and you have friends in high places,
               | they will look the other way. This indeed, is how the
               | world works. If your entire infrastructure is encrypted
               | into a solid block of nothingness it doesn't matter if
               | your dad is a senator, you're done.
        
               | fouric wrote:
               | Name a single company that has died due to data breaches.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, I'll name a dozen that got breached/leaked
               | data, and got away with it: Experian, Microsoft,
               | Facebook, Google, Marriott, Yahoo, First American
               | Financial Corporation, Deep Root Analytics, Court
               | Ventures (a subsidiary of Experian), Capital One, Anthem.
               | 
               | Go on, search "list of largest data breaches" and then
               | see how many of those companies are still in business.
               | 
               | It sure seems like large companies aren't suffering for
               | their breaches.
        
               | alrs wrote:
               | "breached data" doesn't matter to companies, as we've
               | seen. "gone data" is an existential threat.
        
         | fredgrott wrote:
         | why do we need an incentive to break PGP?
         | 
         | Let me explain, the basics:
         | 
         | Any system that has a case where key collisions can occur less
         | than random is the only incentive you need...large use of
         | bitcoin ensures that case all by itself with the rule that you
         | use a new key for every transaction.
         | 
         | LEOs use this track down illicit money.
         | 
         | crypto in practical terms is not secure in that the key
         | collision when it occurs and it will unmasks you not directly
         | but indirectly and the cost to do the work of that lowers as it
         | ages and does not go up computation wise.
         | 
         | It's somewhat perverse where when the world uses more bitcoin
         | the more key collisions occur.
        
         | benjohnson wrote:
         | 6. Put and end to our data hording. Turns out I don't need to
         | keep all the data we have because it's now a liability.
        
         | rawtxapp wrote:
         | Yep, if the companies leak our sensitive data, they don't care,
         | business as usual. Ransomware will force companies to _finally_
         | take this seriously and I, for one, am thankful even if in the
         | short term it 's painful.
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | I'm not sure what point 3 refers to?
        
           | alrs wrote:
           | #infosec "thought leaders" with a cool-sounding military
           | history who purport to be able to do underwater lockpicking
           | but can't put together a for loop. Their shtick exists to
           | sell services to clients and to sell recent graduates on a
           | Special Forces Awesome Security Career that in reality will
           | be QA at best, corporate compliance at worst.
        
         | megameter wrote:
         | Also the most likely tonic to platform churn, reinvented
         | wheels, codebase growth. The culture will flip towards
         | lambasting anything that hasn't been put through the wringer as
         | "untrustworthy".
        
         | upofadown wrote:
         | I did some searching and didn't find anything about use of the
         | OpenPGP standard in ransomware. It appears that ransomware
         | creators don't care about interoperability, which makes sense
         | for their biz.
         | 
         | A doubt that anyone has ever been motivated to try to break an
         | encryption method just because it was used in some particular
         | ransomware. The methods used are generally not breakable, the
         | mistakes come from stuff like leaving keys laying around in
         | memory or even on the disk.
        
           | meowface wrote:
           | I'm not sure how satirical the parent's comment was, but
           | every single point is completely inaccurate, irrelevant,
           | and/or nonsensical.
        
             | Dah00n wrote:
             | How so? Seems it's spot on. Since the birth of the internet
             | companies haven't given a damn about leaks and there're no
             | real consequences. Now they care because it hurts _them_
             | instead of just us.
        
               | meowface wrote:
               | I work in infosec and agree with the point that a lot of
               | companies are overly lax, ignorant, and negligent about
               | security. But I could probably write like a 10 page essay
               | disputing all of those points. For a summarized version,
               | I wrote some semi-relevant comments about this in another
               | ransomware thread from the other day, so this is a lazy
               | answer but you could Ctrl+F my username in
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27096137
               | 
               | Basically, I agree in general that a large percentage of
               | the industry is a massive joke, but at the same time, I
               | think in many cases there's more victim-blaming than is
               | warranted. Ransomware isn't what it used to be. Being hit
               | or ruined by a ransomware attack doesn't necessarily
               | imply negligence or lack of care (even if a high
               | percentage of the victims probably are negligent simply
               | due to the high base rate of such companies).
        
               | a1369209993 wrote:
               | I see nothing there that invalidates any of those points.
               | At best it weaken points 1, 4 and 5 on the basis that
               | companies will get away with it _by paying ransoms_ [0],
               | and ransomers have a incentive to not be so extractive
               | that they kill the hosts they're parasitising, but that's
               | still a idiot tax for said companies.
               | 
               | 0: rather than their previous strategy of ignoring the
               | problem entirely because other poeple's privacy doesn't
               | show up on their balance sheet
        
               | meowface wrote:
               | Indeed, I'd need to explicitly address each point to
               | explain exactly why and how I disagree.
               | 
               | They're not exactly wrong in a general sense (which I
               | know sounds a little contradictory given I said "every
               | single point is completely inaccurate, irrelevant, and/or
               | nonsensical"), but I think they're wrong in a fundamental
               | way when talking about the ransomware problem. And point
               | 1 is a total non-sequitur in at least three different
               | ways.
               | 
               | It's a complex topic. Basically, I just think that even
               | though a ton of cynicism (about this, about the infosec
               | industry, about companies' approach to security) is
               | absolutely and overwhelmingly warranted, they're being
               | too cynical.
        
       | yabones wrote:
       | As somebody who's not that familiar with how financial
       | institutions handle fraud/money laundering detection, is it
       | possible for ransomware to have become so prevalent without
       | cryptocurrencies? I know HSBC was in the news a few years ago for
       | turning a blind eye towards a drug cartel, but would this type of
       | attack at scale be tolerated by the major banks/credit unions?
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | I don't think cryptocurrencies are the only solution. Before
         | the rise of cryptocoins, you'd just shuttle physical gift cards
         | around.
         | 
         | But cryptocoins are definitely more efficient than traditional
         | forms of money laundering.
        
           | celestialcheese wrote:
           | The big corporate targets and the >1m ransoms aren't doable
           | with gift cards.
           | 
           | A large hospital chain in San Diego[1] last week was hit with
           | a $100m[2] ransomware attack that shut down the hospital.
           | Can't pay that with gift cards.
           | 
           | [1] - https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/health/story/
           | 2021-... [2] - Source internal said that was the ransom
           | amount
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | You'd ask for cash. A middleman would pick it up, convert
             | it to gift cards or Tide laundry detergent (so that the
             | traced cash would go cold) and then pass it forward through
             | the criminal network.
             | 
             | The middleman needs to be paid because it's high risk (cops
             | would trace the cash to the middleman... but no further).
             | So cryptocoin are way cheaper. But still, there's plenty of
             | ways to do things using old school techniques.
        
               | VectorLock wrote:
               | You also need to trust that your criminal middleman with
               | $100M doesn't just abscond with your money.
               | 
               | With cryptocurrency when its in your wallet, its yours,
               | and the risk of relying on a 3rd party to transport your
               | ill gotten gains is much lower.
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | I assume a money-laundering step (aka: a cryptocoin mixer
               | service) needs to be used to practically extract wealth
               | from a criminal activity.
               | 
               | If you directly use the money from a wallet directly
               | related to a ransomware attack, the police would be on
               | your tail almost immediately.
               | 
               | A cryptocoin mixing service is cheaper than traditional
               | money laundering. So cryptocoins are the ideal solution
               | to criminal activities (at least, better than Tide
               | Laundry pod trading, or gift-card exchanges).
        
               | VectorLock wrote:
               | Some places the cops don't care.
               | 
               | And $100M would be a lot of Tide pods.
        
       | duckfang wrote:
       | My big question, and I would love an answer:
       | 
       | Why is it that an organization can topple to malware and
       | ransomware by some L1 tech clicking on a "bad email"?
       | 
       | People are going to click on shit. That's a 100% guaranteed fact
       | - be it intentional or not. But _WHY_ is our computing and
       | communications paradigm so brittle that any Jack or Jane can
       | click a link and pwn the infrastructure?
        
         | bena wrote:
         | As I've told someone today, we're shooting lightning through
         | sand and somehow it all works.
         | 
         | There are network effects of network effects at work inside
         | computer systems. We can harden a path. Two paths, sure. Three,
         | why not. 4 billion? No way to be sure.
         | 
         | It's also a matter of it being an aggressor's game. The defense
         | has to be perfect every single time. The offense just has to
         | win once. And they get infinite tries. And they suffer no
         | penalty for failure.
        
         | Veserv wrote:
         | Impacts were small.
         | 
         | Just a few years ago, one of the most high profile financially-
         | motivated ransomware attacks, WannaCry, hit the NHS and various
         | other government agencies and companies around the world and
         | demanded the unbelievable sum of $300 per computer [1], an
         | amount that most of those organizations could only find by
         | looking through their pocket lint for amounts so small. They
         | spent 100x-1000x more money solving the residual problems than
         | they did or would have needed to pay dealing with the ransom
         | itself.
         | 
         | Just a few years ago, the worst case impacts were so small that
         | the problem was not even worth caring about. What they did not
         | realize is that the amounts were small because the ransomware
         | groups likely consisted of young people with more technical
         | ability than business sense. They did not realize how deep the
         | money well went and how much they could really ask for, the
         | criminal equivalent of a bunch of college students making a B2B
         | startup and being worried that their $1k price tag might be too
         | expensive since they would personally think that is a lot to
         | spend. This is borne out by the fact that the targets even a
         | few years earlier were mostly personal computers of random
         | people who might actually have a problem paying $300 to get
         | their family photos back. However, these ransomware groups have
         | been rapidly wising up and now realize they were doing the
         | effective equivalent of robbing the bank for their pens. They
         | are starting to ask for reasonable amounts of money that
         | businesses might actually worry about and with that money they
         | are expanding their operations as fast as they can to try to
         | exploit the entire market. They just have not gotten there
         | quite yet since they do not have access to vast gobs of VC cash
         | and need to instead bootstrap themselves up to a multi-billion
         | dollar criminal enterprise.
         | 
         | The unfortunate problem for all of their targets is that none
         | of their things work and they did not think the problem was
         | serious since the impact of failure was so small. They did not
         | realize that was not because more could not be done, but
         | because the people doing it did not know what they were doing
         | and that they were actually at the start of a serious
         | exponential ramp.
         | 
         | If you want more technical reasons, it is because every
         | commercially available solution is completely inadequate for an
         | environment where people with modest amounts of money want to
         | attack your system. Nobody selling commercial IT systems has
         | the first clue how to make systems that are actually robust
         | against credible threat actors. The absolute best of the best
         | can maybe protect a system against attacks funded at the ~$10M
         | level, but when you are talking about companies with literally
         | $100B revenue streams, that is a rounding error of a rounding
         | error. Exactly 0 executives at such a company would think that
         | being defenseless against attackers with $10M is acceptable if
         | told directly and I think most of their shareholders and
         | customers would be horrified if they had to put that in their
         | commercials in big bold letters, but that is the best that they
         | can get.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WannaCry_ransomware_attack
        
         | muttled wrote:
         | You're completely right in your thinking that it's largely
         | ridiculous and avoidable. The answer is generally lack of
         | separation of duties and least privilege. That L1 tech in a
         | smaller organization might be a member of the domain admins
         | group. And to avoid UAC prompts, might sign into his computer
         | as domain admin account. If something runs as him, it runs as
         | admin. Large file shares where every user has edit permissions
         | are also extremely prevalent. Every user has the ability to
         | destroy the shared drive. I've seen a lot of small
         | organizations where the owner insisted on being an admin,
         | despite having no technical knowledge. He clicks something
         | wrong and the malware's got carte blanche. Old line of business
         | applications will often require exact versions of
         | Flash/Java/whatever which are riddled with security holes.
         | 
         | Outside that, there's the 0 days and exploits. But a lot of
         | what I see are setups that grew from small, insecure setups
         | where it didn't matter to big, insecure setups where it did.
         | Combine that with the ROI on security not being immediately
         | tangible, and it's hard to get approval for projects to fix it.
         | Even if you design the most secure systems, unless you've got a
         | seat at the executive table someone will probably overrule you
         | and make exceptions.
        
         | CountDrewku wrote:
         | https://www.cisecurity.org/resources/advisory/?type=advisory
         | 
         | Take a quick look at all the vulnerabilities out there. Google
         | has been releasing 1-2 fixes a week for the last month or so.
         | It's a constant battle keeping this stuff patched.
        
         | rini17 wrote:
         | Imagine hypothetical L1 techs which would only accept "good
         | email" such as plain ASCII (I mean really, 7bit) text email
         | without attachments.
         | 
         | Everyone would consider such a service broken and route around
         | it.
        
       | robin_reala wrote:
       | Are there any active non-Windows ransomware infections going on?
       | I don't recall seeing any macOS / Linux / Android / iOS attacks.
        
         | wepple wrote:
         | I'm willing to bet SaaS ransomware will be up next.
         | 
         | Imagine a user is tricked into adding a browser addon (common),
         | and the malicious addon encrypts all the data in a salesforce,
         | Dropbox, and online mail account
        
           | tnzm wrote:
           | And then users are going to be thankful that their data is
           | not encrypted at rest. Classic pincer maneuver
        
           | muttled wrote:
           | One of the reasons why it's so important to disable the
           | ability for users to consent on behalf of the organization
           | for applications in suites such as 365 where the default is
           | to allow the user to do so.
        
       | daaang wrote:
       | > The singular reason why these attacks are even possible is due
       | entirely to rise of cryptocurrency. And is entirely enabled by
       | this one technology, it could not exist otherwise.
       | 
       | Huh, cryptocurrency existed in 1989, when the first ransomware
       | was active? Did the author even google the word "ransomware?"
       | 
       | Wire transfers and all types of pre-paid voucher services were
       | used well before cryptocurrencies were even created.
        
         | mytherin wrote:
         | The article directly addresses your point in the paragraph
         | surrounding the sentence you cherry picked.
         | 
         | > Now this is not a new phenomenon by any means. But what is
         | new is that the level of these attacks has gone parabolic in
         | the last few years because of one simple fact. With the
         | addition of bitcoin to the problem it's insanely profitable,
         | low-risk, and almost the perfect crime. It's also a very real
         | economic tool that nation states can use to disrupt each
         | other's infrastructure.
         | 
         | > The singular reason why these attacks are even possible is
         | due entirely to rise of cryptocurrency. Consider the same
         | situation on top of the existing international banking system.
         | Go to your local bank branch and try to wire transfer $200,000
         | to an anonymous stranger in Russia and see how that works out.
         | Modern ransomware could not exist without Bitcoin, it has
         | poured gasoline on a fire we may not be able to put out.
        
           | daaang wrote:
           | I agree, the author contradicts themselves immediately.
           | Cryptocurrency is _not_ the  "singular" reason, and it is not
           | why these attacks are even "possible."
           | 
           | The hypothetical they picked might not work. The methods that
           | ransomware was using for decades to extort hundreds of
           | thousands of dollars did, and will continue to work.
        
             | mytherin wrote:
             | You are still taking words out of context. Clearly the
             | author agrees that cryptocurrency is not the singular
             | reason behind *all* ransomware, considering he states it is
             | not a new phenomenon. The sentence you took out of context
             | relates to *modern* ransomware:
             | 
             | > The singular reason why these attacks are even possible
             | is due entirely to rise of cryptocurrency.... _Modern_
             | ransomware could not exist without Bitcoin, it has poured
             | gasoline on a fire we may not be able to put out.
             | 
             | The question is not if ransomware would still exist without
             | cryptocurrency (obviously it would, it existed before
             | then). The question is if it would still be as pervasive as
             | it has become in the last few years without cryptocurrency.
        
               | daaang wrote:
               | I agree, it's _very_ poorly written.
               | 
               | "These attacks" are defined as "automated exploitation of
               | computer networks that aims to extract cash from the
               | owner of that network" and "cryptocurrency" is "the
               | singular reason" why "these attacks" are "even possible."
               | 
               | Later on the author shamelessly tries to shift that
               | definition to " _modern_ ransomware " (the same trick
               | you're attempting here).
               | 
               | Why do they need to resort to that? Because they're
               | wrong.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Governments should make it illegal to pay ransom. Only the
       | government should be allowed to pay (in the name of victims) but
       | under very strict conditions.
       | 
       | EDIT: slightly different but I wasn't the only one with an idea
       | in this direction: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-treasury-
       | cyber-idUSKBN26M...
        
         | Fellshard wrote:
         | Congrats, you've just marked the government as the sweetest
         | target, and I guarantee it's already the most vulnerable.
        
         | bena wrote:
         | That's not exactly going to do what you think it does.
         | 
         | It potentially makes the victims criminals. That's just not
         | what the law should be doing. It is decidedly unjust. It also
         | drives the whole thing further from the public eye as no one
         | will admit they're being held up for ransom because paying is
         | now illegal.
         | 
         | If making something illegal was a perfect solution, ransomware
         | wouldn't be a thing in the first place.
        
         | momothereal wrote:
         | What's the punishment for paying? A fine? Then you might as
         | well add that to the ransom and pay...
         | 
         | Snark aside, there's just no simple, hand-waving solution to
         | this. Even if you held the company owners criminally liable for
         | paying a ransom, pretty much any small company will shut down
         | for not being able to afford top-notch security.
         | 
         | It also opens the door to blackmail:
         | 
         | > We've encrypted your files. Pay us $AMOUNT BTC by tomorrow,
         | or your files are gone. And with a recurring payment of $AMOUNT
         | BTC per month, I promise not to report you to the FBI for
         | paying!
        
         | api wrote:
         | This is the only good answer. Making it illegal to pay any form
         | of ransom under any circumstance would hobble a ton of
         | different extortion activities.
         | 
         | Ransom only encourages more crime. It's a form of aiding and
         | abetting.
        
         | djrogers wrote:
         | > Governments should make it illegal to pay ransom.
         | 
         | That won't really change anything, other than add 'break a law'
         | to 'lose tons of $$' and 'lose data/time' to the list of bad
         | things a company will deal with to recover from a ransomware
         | attack.
        
         | Siira wrote:
         | > Only the government should be allowed to pay
         | 
         | The gov is the one entity that should not be allowed to pay at
         | any cost, as it has infinite paying power.
        
       | robot_no_419 wrote:
       | FYI, the author has a huge conflict of interest whenever he
       | writes about cryptocurrency, seeing as he's the founder of
       | Adjoint, Inc, a company which digitizes cash and settlement
       | processes for multinational corporates.
       | 
       | So it's easy to see why he hates a technology that renders his
       | entire company useless.
        
         | TheBill wrote:
         | Something that would be relevant. Would love to know who's
         | downvoting you.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | rini17 wrote:
       | Since stolen credit cards are used in the same illicit way as
       | cryptocurrency, they should be banned too :)
        
       | scg wrote:
       | The same shortsighted argument could've been done at various
       | times against cryptography, against torrents, against remote
       | access, against the internet, and against using computers
       | (inherently hackable). Now it's crypto payments, and tomorrow
       | it's going to be something else because criminals use technology
       | to scale as much as everyone else.
       | 
       | Crypto networks are especially good at cross-border payments, and
       | they are hard to censor by a state actor. Indeed, these were
       | among the design constraints of Bitcoin. If one wishes to argue
       | that such a technology shouldn't exist, good luck with that; it
       | exists, has legitimate use cases, and banning outright it is
       | shortsighted in the same way opposing cryptography is
       | shortsighted.
        
       | DrPhish wrote:
       | "Imagine a world in which every other month you're forced to bid
       | for your personal data back from hackers who continuously rob
       | you. And a world where all of this is is so commonplace there are
       | automated darknet marketplaces where others can bid on your data,
       | and every detail of your personal life is up for sale to the
       | highest bidder. Every private text, photo, email, and password is
       | just a digital commodity to be traded on the market. Because
       | that's what the market demands and that's what capitalism left
       | unchecked will provide."
       | 
       | Maybe I'm in a minority, but I think I'd air-gap my personal data
       | if this world ever came to pass...I'm considering it already to
       | be perfectly honest.
       | 
       | Would the general population just give up if things got that bad?
       | As per TFA, I imagine state level actors will step in if things
       | get much worse, lest people start unhooking en masse due to the
       | risk/reward ratio flipping.
        
         | NateEag wrote:
         | > Would the general population just give up if things got that
         | bad?
         | 
         | I suspect the general population is already mostly- immune to
         | this.
         | 
         | I think most people keep their pictures and all other important
         | data in Google or Apple's services. Movies from Netflix, music
         | with Spotify.
         | 
         | Those companies have backups.
         | 
         | If your phone or laptop gets hacked, you just wipe it and
         | reinstall Chrome.
         | 
         | Access to email is what most normals need to protect.
         | 
         | Ransomware is really better shaped for attacking organizations
         | than individuals, IMO.
         | 
         | ...I still burn our family photos to write-once M-Discs, mind.
        
       | f38zf5vdt wrote:
       | Banning cryptocurrency only fixes one side of the global-
       | internet-being-security-broken problem. If you're a nation-state
       | actor and you can still break into computer systems throughout
       | the world, you can still:
       | 
       | - Manipulate and profit in foreign stock markets by short/long
       | selling based on insider information
       | 
       | - Choose who gets elected by making dirty laundry public
       | 
       | - See military planning by the enemy, live, as it happens
       | 
       | - Trick critical foreign infrastructure into self-destruction
       | 
       | - Discover and cultivate corporate espionage assets based on what
       | you know about their personality from emails/SMS/metadata/etc
       | 
       | - Plant incriminating evidence against political or corporate
       | adversaries, for example by using their home internet connection
       | for something nefarious
       | 
       | The future hell described in the article is not a future hell. It
       | is the present hell. Ransomware is just one small part of it.
        
         | obviouslynotme wrote:
         | But that only applies to targets who are "in the game." If you
         | are a government entity or listed company or act as their
         | agents, then you know that security is an issue and are paid
         | well enough to make a decent effort. Whether you do or not is a
         | different issue.
         | 
         | Grandma doesn't have security audits, wouldn't know how to do
         | one, and couldn't afford it if she did. She is the victim here.
         | She might call the police but they will file a report and
         | forget it. The only chance of getting caught is some larger
         | agency like the FBI picking it up and going after you. This is
         | highly unlikely.
         | 
         | The only thing stopping Grandma from getting ransomed is making
         | it difficult to pay. If your ransom depends on walking Grandma
         | through the 15 step process of paying you, then it's unlikely
         | to happen or be profitable.
        
           | fouric wrote:
           | > But that only applies to targets who are "in the game."
           | 
           | The problem is that _any_ entity in a nation that you 're
           | aggressive with can be "in the game". You can steal IP from
           | foreign companies, damage foreign infrastructure, and find
           | the personal data of high-value persons in the datasets of
           | otherwise "boring" companies.
        
           | f38zf5vdt wrote:
           | I believe that subversion of the democratic process and
           | economic efficiency hurts everyone, if not initially or
           | obviously. Recent election cycles have been tumultuous.
           | 
           | Grandmas are currently targeted by scammers who ask for
           | iTunes gift card numbers and not Bitcoin, I'm not sure that
           | much will change. I've yet to hear people call for a ban on
           | iTunes gift cards, but maybe we will get there.
        
         | alrs wrote:
         | ^ ^ ^ If there's any Keanu-pill to swallow, it's this.
         | Intelligence agencies don't "make us safe," they drive
         | financial gain for insiders. I'd bet the ratio of effort spent
         | on "market manipulation" versus "find the evil doers" to be
         | 10:1.
        
       | edem wrote:
       | > Cryptocurrencies are almost entirely used for illicit activity
       | and investment frauds
       | 
       | This made clear that this guy has __no knowledge__ about
       | cryptocurrencies. The article is just bogus.
        
       | meowface wrote:
       | I'm not an unequivocal fan of cryptocurrencies or any particular
       | cryptocurrency by any means, but it appears this author really
       | hates cryptocurrency and this is just an opportunity for them to
       | argue that governments should ban cryptocurrency. Which is
       | completely understandable and obviously in good faith given
       | ransomware is bad and they think cryptocurrencies are bad, but I
       | just wanted to point out their stance and that this is an anti-
       | cryptocurrency blog rather than a security/tech blog.
       | 
       | Every blog post they've ever published is about why they think
       | cryptocurrency is awful: https://www.stephendiehl.com/blog.html
       | 
       | >The Oncoming Ransomware Storm - May 11, 2021
       | 
       | >Et tu, Signal? - April 7, 2021
       | 
       | >The Political Case for a Blanket Cryptocurrency Ban - March 30,
       | 2021
       | 
       | >Bitcoin: The Postmodern Ponzi - February 27, 2021
       | 
       | >The Crypto Chernobyl - February 10, 2021
       | 
       | >Gamestop, Bitcoin and the Commoditization of Populist Rage -
       | February 3, 2021
       | 
       | >Facebook Libra is Architecturally Unsound - November 2, 2019
       | 
       | I think they make many valid criticisms, but they remind me of
       | the inverse of the standard Bitcoin maximalist. It seems there
       | are a lot of people who think Bitcoin or Ethereum or something
       | else should become the universal currency of the world and is the
       | best and most innovative thing ever, and a lot of other people
       | who think they should all be made illegal and are the worst thing
       | ever. Also somewhat reminiscent of pg's fanboy/hater dichotomy:
       | http://www.paulgraham.com/fh.html
        
         | pja wrote:
         | This is just an ad hominem response to Stephen's argument.
        
           | literally_lit wrote:
           | It shows a clear bias on the part of the author and a reason
           | to believe they would argue in bad faith.
           | 
           | The author being a founder a company for which
           | cryptocurrencies are competitors makes this doubly true.
        
             | meowface wrote:
             | >The author being a founder a company for which
             | cryptocurrencies are competitors makes this doubly true.
             | 
             | I totally missed this. That makes it worse. The company's
             | tagline is "[company name] digitises cash and settlement
             | processes for multinational corporates [sic?]", which is a
             | pretty clear overlap. I don't necessarily see any evidence
             | he's doing anything in bad faith, though - I just think
             | he's extremely biased and narrowly agenda-driven.
             | 
             | My main issue is just how much he seems to _viscerally_
             | hate cryptocurrencies. It makes it harder to take it
             | seriously. Like how incredibly snarky and spiteful he comes
             | across in his most recent ostensibly-about-programming blog
             | post: https://www.stephendiehl.com/posts/fpt.html
             | cryptoBusinessLogic = bid $ 10000000 $ do         profits
             | <- runRansomware         launderMoney profits drugCartels
             | void $ smashPuppies
             | 
             | It's all starting to feel so political and a little bit
             | religious. I sense a lot of parallels between staunchly
             | pro- and anti-cryptocurrency people and the US political
             | divide and culture wars. I know it's an annoying trope
             | (https://xkcd.com/774/), but in the case of both politics
             | and cryptocurrency, each side seems insufferable. I feel
             | "accidentally moderate"
             | (http://www.paulgraham.com/mod.html) on both topics.
        
           | meowface wrote:
           | It 100% is an ad hominem response. I'm not trying to address
           | his arguments whatsoever and am very low on Graham's
           | hierarchy of disagreement. And again, I do agree with many of
           | his points.
           | 
           | I just personally don't think banning cryptocurrencies (or
           | pretty much anything) is the answer, and the very "ban-happy"
           | attitude colors my impression of all of this and makes it
           | less likely that I'd want to attempt to address their
           | arguments, because I know they've very likely already made up
           | their mind that they think the only solution is a government
           | crackdown.
        
       | tracedddd wrote:
       | Why are arguments of this form so pervasive?
       | 
       | Cryptocurrency is bad and must be banned because ransomware.
       | Encryption is bad because pedos, let's ban Tor and Signal. We
       | need a permanent surveillance state and forfeit most of our
       | rights to privacy because terrorists bad, what do you have to
       | hide?
       | 
       | Is it an appeal to emotion? Fear?
        
         | alfor wrote:
         | 1- Crypto is made to evade government control.
         | 
         | 2- Government are there to ensure law and order.
         | 
         | Result:
         | 
         | Crypto is a great tool to evade law and order
         | 
         | Governments will have to control crypto or governments will
         | stop working
        
           | syshum wrote:
           | >>governments will stop working
           | 
           | hmm... seems like all positive to me
        
             | Agathos wrote:
             | Yay, anarchy.
             | 
             | The half-life of anarchy is measured in hours. Then the
             | gangs show up. Gangs are basically governments, except even
             | less responsive to your needs and more openly committed to
             | enriching their own leadership.
        
               | syshum wrote:
               | You got the first part right... Governments are gangs....
               | 
               | However I have to completely disagree that governments
               | are responsive to anyone needs, or that they are not
               | committed to their own enrichment
        
           | rawtxapp wrote:
           | I'd say crypto is made to remove government control on money,
           | not to evade law and order. That's certainly doable, but you
           | can also evade law and order with normal fiat currency (ex:
           | HSBC laundering billions of dollars for cartels).
        
         | jodrellblank wrote:
         | Why are comments in the form of putting words into someone's
         | mouth which they didn't say, so pervasive? The blog says "reign
         | in and regulate", not "ban".
         | 
         | But, to address your point, because they're good arguments. "We
         | need to regulate $thing" has saved lots of lives. No longer can
         | you sell plain river water to drink, dump sewage directly back
         | into rivers, dump industrial waste into rivers, build houses
         | which collapse, build hotels with no fire consideration, build
         | using asbestos, make buildings with electric wiring without
         | circuit breakers, adulterate food with sawdust and plaster,
         | sell products with lead paint, burn leaded gasoline in places
         | where people breathe, and on and on and on.
         | 
         | That's progress; try things, filter out the things which are
         | badder than they are good.
        
           | scg wrote:
           | > reign in and regulate
           | 
           | Crypto is heavily regulated at least in the US, Western
           | Europe and huge swaths of Asia. Exchanging to/from fiat can
           | only be done through entities subject to KYC, AML laws, and
           | OFAC regulations. Additional regulations are coming - see
           | "travel rule".
           | 
           | Bitcoin is infinitely more traceable than cash. Here's one of
           | the most popular software routinely used by law enforcement
           | to trace crypto payments: https://www.chainalysis.com/.
           | Tumblers / mixers, etc. have only limited cloaking power.
        
             | VectorLock wrote:
             | >Crypto is heavily regulated at least in the US
             | 
             | Most of these criminals perpetrating ransomeware aren't in
             | the US or Western Europe.
        
           | robot_no_419 wrote:
           | The author has multiple articles calling for an outright
           | blanket ban on all cryptocurrencies. So in the author's own
           | words, he is calling for a ban on all cryptocurrency.
        
             | jodrellblank wrote:
             | In this article being discussed the author's own words are:
             | " _' legislation and intervention in the financial system
             | at only the level nation states can act. The free flow of
             | money from US banks to cryptocurrency exchanges is the root
             | cause and needs to halt'_"
             | 
             | Which is a call for regulating, not banning. If you want to
             | use something different which the author said somewhere
             | else, to back some other point and say that it outweighs
             | what the author says here, then actually do all those
             | things. What are the author's own words elsewhere, where,
             | and what point are you trying to make by vaguely
             | gesticulating towards them?
        
               | robot_no_419 wrote:
               | How about this article, titled "The Political Case for a
               | Blanket Cryptocurrency Ban"?
               | https://www.stephendiehl.com/blog/banbitcoin.html
               | 
               | The author is extremely prolific and vocal about his
               | support for outright banning cryptocurrency. It's all
               | over his blog, it's all over his Twitter. He is proud to
               | admit it. It could have taken you 30 seconds to verify
               | what I was saying, but instead you chose to double down
               | on your ignorance.
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | That article _doesn 't call for a ban_? It says:
               | The most expedient actions would be fourfold:
               | Halt all wire transfers of dollars in and out of
               | cryptocurrency exchanges.             Halt foreign
               | entities trading in dollar cash-equivalent crypto assets.
               | Add Chinese and other foreign cryptocurrency exchanges
               | hiding in tax-havens to sanctioned entities lists.
               | Regulate the sale of any existing cryptocurrency assets
               | to US persons by classifying them as securities
               | investment contracts moving forward.
               | 
               | If you can still sell existing cryptocurrency assets, and
               | exchanges still exist, that's not banned, is it?
               | 
               | > " _It could have taken you 30 seconds to verify what I
               | was saying, but instead you chose to double down on your
               | ignorance._ "
               | 
               | I'm asking what relevance your comment has. "He calls for
               | a ban" - so what? Make a point.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | robot_no_419 wrote:
               | Here is a tweet where he literally says "crypto should be
               | outright banned":
               | https://twitter.com/smdiehl/status/1391655510760431617
               | 
               | There, can you stop being so obtuse now? You are wrong.
               | My point is that the author is calling for a ban and that
               | nobody was putting words in his mouth, as you suggested.
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | It's pretty obvious. Imagine that someone comes to you and
         | shows you a cube. This cube has lightning inside of it, and you
         | can press a button and it creates lightning. This cube can also
         | program software, so if you feed it user stories, it outputs
         | SaaS businesses. You try to understand how this magic lightning
         | works, but to no avail, it's simply too complicated for you to
         | understand.
         | 
         | Your first emotion is most likely fear. Like how the hell does
         | that thing does it, how does it's magic work?
         | 
         | This is how many people see cryptocurrencies. Something "magic"
         | that just somehow is used as money for some people, but it's
         | still just ones-and-zeroes, how does anything make sense?!
         | First reaction is to be careful around it, and try to "protect"
         | yourself from it.
         | 
         | We saw the same thing with the internet initially, until it
         | gradually sucked us all in. We saw the same thing with social
         | media initially, until it gradually sucked most of us in.
        
         | Siira wrote:
         | Perhaps the key is that most people do not perceive huge
         | benefits from these, but they perceive huge danger from the
         | downsides. People usually both underestimate their own
         | downstream benefits because of large inferential distance
         | between the thing (encryption) and themselves, and overestimate
         | the dangers of the downsides.
         | 
         | Then we'd have the ages-old dynamic that something that
         | benefits everyone a bit but harms a minority a lot will be
         | pushed out by people.
        
         | TheBill wrote:
         | It's an appeal to authoritarianism. The author wants "someone"
         | with power to tell everyone what they're allowed, and not
         | allowed to do. " The free flow of money from US banks to
         | cryptocurrency exchanges is the root cause and needs to halt. "
         | Direct quote. Author is in London, but believes that
         | #TeamAmericaWorldPoliece needs to step in because the only
         | viable on/off ramp to cryptocurrencies is the US Bank System.
         | 
         | The article has the veneer of being well thought out, however
         | if you look at their other writing & twitter there's definitely
         | a I think I'm smart & didn't invent/make money/gain referential
         | power from crypto so it's a scam & they now have ego tied up in
         | being right/seeing the state clamp down on it.
        
           | headmelted wrote:
           | Not to speak to the author or the article, as I'm not
           | familiar with their other writing, but this exact argument is
           | why I think this battle for free speech ultimately gets lost.
           | 
           | Given two options A and B:
           | 
           | Option A) Status quo stays as is. Option B) Legally ban end-
           | to-end encryption.
           | 
           | My experience has been that most tech people advocate for A.
           | 
           | Personally, I have no desire to have every conversation I
           | expect to be private with the government watching over my
           | shoulder, but that's exactly where we're headed if the tech
           | community's response to the problem of
           | perverts/pedos/launderer/druglords boils down to "oh well
           | gotta break a few eggs".
           | 
           | Techies can balk all day long at the idea of the government
           | legislating away end-to-end encryption but the voting public
           | won't (and I don't blame them, given the tech community's
           | response of ignoring this issue so far).
           | 
           | Now, you might be thinking "but it doesn't make sense! if you
           | ban encryption, evildoers will still use it, and everyone
           | else will have lost their privacy for nothing". True.
           | 
           | The tech community needs to find an Option C that resolves
           | criminality before Option B is forced on everyone.
           | 
           | (I have no suggestions for this, and doubt it's possible, but
           | maybe there's a novel idea no-one has thought of.)
        
       | [deleted]
        
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