[HN Gopher] Google is going to turn on 2FA by default
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Google is going to turn on 2FA by default
        
       Author : Tomte
       Score  : 38 points
       Date   : 2021-05-08 15:57 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arstechnica.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arstechnica.com)
        
       | zbrozek wrote:
       | This kind of behavior is a good reminder of how little agency you
       | have over accounts in your name. I turned off 2FA on my Google
       | account (these days used only for Hangouts) because that account
       | has little value, and the flurry of notifications that it
       | produced was not worth the protection. I'm glad to be mostly de-
       | Googled.
        
       | butz wrote:
       | My parents are using GMail and I have no idea how to explain and
       | set up 2FA for them. Google probably won't do a good explanation
       | either. And 2FA probably won't work on their landline
       | telephone...
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | You probably need to do it for them. Seriously.
         | 
         | I bought my mother a Yubikey a while ago and walked her through
         | printing out backup codes (stored in a location I will remember
         | even if she doesn't) and registering it with her Chromebook.
         | It's on her keychain, but she won't need to use it until she
         | gets a new computer when the Chromebook dies.
         | 
         | The advantage of this is that her account can't be broken into
         | remotely, which would be catastrophic.
         | 
         | (Contrast with another relative that I think is on her third
         | Google account.)
        
         | CarelessExpert wrote:
         | The blog post is vague, stating that only accounts that are
         | "appropriately configured" will be automatically enrolled.
         | 
         | This article speculates a bit that:
         | 
         | > On Android, Google Prompt is a full-screen pop-up built into
         | every device as part of Google Play Services, so that's easy.
         | On iOS, Google Prompt requests for your account can be received
         | by the Google Search app, the Gmail app, or the dedicated
         | Google Smart Lock app. It sounds like everyone meeting these
         | requirements will soon be enrolled in 2FA.
         | 
         | So assuming this is correct, if your parents don't have an
         | Android phone attached to the account, and don't have an iPhone
         | with those apps installed, then this won't affect them.
         | 
         | Of course, it'd be nice if Google was a little more clear on
         | what they're doing, here...
        
         | Hnrobert42 wrote:
         | I don't know if it is required. I think it is just going from
         | opt in to opt out.
        
       | ______- wrote:
       | This is dangerous. I specifically don't want 2FA on one of my
       | Google accounts because I only have one phone number tied to one
       | device, and this decision by Google to enforce 2FA is going to
       | lock out millions of accounts since some people like to have two
       | Google accounts for compartmentalization reasons (one account for
       | work and another one for play is a common thing to see). So now I
       | need a second phone to get 2FA prompts on the account where I
       | _don 't_ want 2FA turned on.
        
         | JimDabell wrote:
         | SMS is not the only - or preferred - 2FA mechanism for Google
         | accounts. You can use any TOTP authenticator application,
         | Google mobile applications like Gmail, physical security keys,
         | or backup codes. Having a single phone number is not a problem
         | for dealing with multiple 2FA-enabled Google accounts.
        
           | csdreamer7 wrote:
           | Google makes using a different TOTP authenticator very
           | difficult.
           | 
           | First, I need to register a phone number as 2FA. Only then
           | can I choose an alternate method, get codes, and have to
           | select Google Authenticator to use my Open Source
           | authenticator, Aegis.
           | 
           | Does not say Google Auth or any TOTP; specifically only says
           | Google Auth. I was worried Aegis would not work until I tried
           | it.
           | 
           | Why not show choices on the sign up screen? Why do I need to
           | register a phone number first? It is very insecure in the
           | USA. Data collection? Hold out from when a phone number was
           | the only real 2FA and a TOTP was under additional options? If
           | the latter, that needs to change if 2FA is going to be
           | mandatory.
        
           | simion314 wrote:
           | >a single phone number is not a problem for dealing with
           | multiple 2FA-enabled Google accounts.
           | 
           | It increases the risk that a ban on an account will bring all
           | of them down since you link them with same phone number
           | identity.
        
           | hansvm wrote:
           | > or preferred
           | 
           | I just made a new Google account a couple hours ago, and it
           | definitely looks like the preferred mechanism.
           | 
           | - There's one stage in the signup flow you can't bypass
           | without SMS (granted, it doesn't automatically save that
           | number to the account if you opt out, so that's nice).
           | 
           | - When setting up 2FA you're given giant messaging
           | encouraging you to use a phone number. There's tiny text for
           | other 2FA options.
           | 
           | - Those other 2FA options don't actually include TOTP. To
           | enable TOTP you have to enable a "primary" 2FA solution (SMS,
           | hardware key, or push notification), then enable a
           | "secondary" 2FA solution (which can include TOTP), and if
           | you're concerned about the shitty security SMS provides you
           | then need to remove that as a 2FA option.
           | 
           | Edit: Mind you, it's probably reasonable given the state of
           | the rest of their ecosystem to not have TOTP as the 2FA for
           | your Google account (like if you have a chicken and egg
           | problem trying to get into an android device with a TOTP
           | app), but TOTP doesn't seem to be anywhere near as preferred
           | as SMS.
           | 
           | That, and they do support hardware tokens out of the box
           | (even if the UI doesn't make that super clear), so that's a
           | step in the right direction.
        
             | skynet-9000 wrote:
             | Even though TOTP is provably safer than SMS, it looks like
             | the reason why they want SMS/push as a "primary" is so that
             | they can suck in more phone numbers, since hardware keys
             | have an additional cost that most people won't have. Phone
             | numbers will let them do better ad targeting.
        
               | amk10 wrote:
               | That is Silicon Valley's reason for 2FA in a nutshell.
               | Phone numbers can only be obtained with identification in
               | many countries. It is a privacy nightmare.
        
             | weird-eye-issue wrote:
             | It's because people lose access to their phone number
             | rarely. It would be pretty much expected for somebody to
             | not realize their Google Authenticator codes aren't backed
             | up before losing/selling their phone or losing their
             | Yubikey before backing up the private key off it. As
             | somebody who doesn't use SMS 2FA, I still think it's a
             | great middle ground for the average user.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | dathinab wrote:
           | Except that you might need to first setup phone/sms 2FA to
           | then be able to setup any other 2FA auth, without being able
           | to fully disable phone/sms based 2FA auth.
           | 
           | I'm not sure if it's still that way, but when I setup 2FA I
           | could not directly setup non phone/sms 2FA (e.g. Yubikey, non
           | google authenticator apps).
           | 
           | Worse even through I then explicitly disabled phone/sms based
           | 2FA google at some point just switched it back one.
           | 
           | Worse there had been multiple times where having the 2nd
           | factor but not the first (password) was enough to combine it
           | with social engineering to completely take over an account.
           | Some security researcher go hacked by this. Again I'm not
           | sure it's still that way, but I don't trust Google anymore to
           | not accidentally but a 2FA related vulnerability which makes
           | the account less secure into their authentication flow. They
           | either don't care (likely) or don't have the competency to
           | handle this (unlikely). Well it's one of the reasons I'm
           | slowly moving away from Google.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | CarelessExpert wrote:
         | Then use a TOTP authenticator, which isn't tied to a phone
         | number.
         | 
         | As an aside, this is the second comment, now, that is confusing
         | general 2FA with SMS-based 2FA specifically. Given the audience
         | of HN this is honestly surprising to me and makes me wonder how
         | common this confusion is.
         | 
         | That alone makes me glad Google is doing this as maybe it'll
         | drive more folks to be educated about 2FA.
        
           | minipoulion wrote:
           | Last time I checked and tried to have good 2fa on a Google
           | account with only that,
           | 
           | TOTP is only allowed as an "additional" means of 2fa and to
           | enable it you already need to have the Google Android promt
           | authentication/phone? 2fa configured (Maybe not exactly like
           | that, but basically you cant just add TOTP without having
           | something worse already added).
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | dmoy wrote:
             | I do not have SMS 2fa on my google account, but I do have
             | TOTP and now U2F. At one point I definitely had only TOTP.
             | At one point, I also had only U2F.
             | 
             | What I don't remember is whether or not I had SMS 2fa
             | before and removed it, or never had it at all.
        
             | CarelessExpert wrote:
             | This is not accurate.
             | 
             | I just checked because I thought I was crazy: my account
             | has SMS-based 2FA specifically disabled. The only enabled
             | options are the Android prompt, Google Authenticator, and a
             | set of backup codes.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | I think you're jumping to conclusions. It's unclear what
         | "provided their accounts are appropriately configured" means,
         | but a Google account that's not associated with any phone
         | number or device probably isn't "appropriately configured" and
         | I would guess that nothing will change.
         | 
         | But the original blog post was so opaque that I completely
         | misunderstood what they were going to do until pointed out in
         | this article. It's bizarre how badly written some Google blog
         | posts are these days.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | weird-eye-issue wrote:
         | Why would you need a second phone? This is one of the more
         | ridiculous things I've read on HN.
        
           | Normal_gaussian wrote:
           | It is very common to arrange your life so that you are able
           | to 'hand in' all work devices and walk away. Its a seperation
           | of work and home life that is very healthy, and a reasonable
           | self-protective measure.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Such assumptions are the root of all evil.
        
             | weird-eye-issue wrote:
             | Just install Authy on your computer with a master password
             | for the personal account. No second phone needed. Or
             | install Authy on your phone, but I can't tell if you are
             | saying you only have a work phone and no personal phone? Or
             | is it visa versa? I'm having trouble picturing your setup
             | 
             | Edit: If you already have two phones due to your work life
             | separation, then 2FA isn't really causing you to get a
             | second phone is it?
        
               | qwerty10001 wrote:
               | You are replacing one privacy nightmare with another:
               | 
               | https://www.twilio.com/legal/privacy/authy
               | 
               | The only privacy friendly method is _no 2FA_ , just long
               | secure passwords. Which is why 2FA is pushed so hard ...
        
               | CarelessExpert wrote:
               | > The only privacy friendly method is no 2FA, just long
               | secure passwords. Which is why 2FA is pushed so hard ...
               | 
               | This is absolutely ridiculous and so clearly false I
               | can't help but wonder if it's intentional misinformation.
               | 
               | There are numerous open source TOTP authenticators for
               | both the desktop and mobile that require absolutely no
               | data to be stored in the cloud or shared with third
               | parties.
               | 
               | I myself use KeepassXC and Keepass2Android.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | Not to mention, like, fido/u2f based systems which don't
               | have any privacy concerns I can think of, even
               | theoretically.
        
               | weird-eye-issue wrote:
               | I use Authy specifically because of their backup options.
               | That obviously requires collecting my phone number and
               | email address. I have no problem with that because if I'm
               | traveling and somebody steals my laptop, phone, and
               | backup Yubikey I won't be completely shit out of luck.
               | 
               | If you don't want to use Authy then use something else
               | that doesn't backup the 2FA codes for you. But don't say
               | 2FA is inherently a privacy concern. It isn't.
        
             | CarelessExpert wrote:
             | This doesn't explain the comment.
             | 
             | If you have a Google account for work you also have a work
             | issued computer at minimum, so install a TOTP authenticator
             | there.
             | 
             | If you also have a work issued phone it's a total non-issue
             | as you can use that for 2FA.
             | 
             | If you access your work Google account from a personal
             | device in circumstances where you don't have access to work
             | equipment, then install an authenticator there.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | > If you have a Google account for work you also have a
               | work issued computer at minimum
               | 
               | I have a Google account for work. I don't have a work
               | issued computer.
               | 
               | I think you're assuming too much about how other people
               | might work.
               | 
               | I agree there are enough options that it shouldn't
               | _really_ be a big problem, but it 's not surprising that
               | not everyone are aware of the options.
        
               | weird-eye-issue wrote:
               | Here is a possible suggestion, let me know if there are
               | problems with it. Install Authy on your phone and backup
               | the 2FA secret key in the same password manager that you
               | have the work password stored. That will allow you to
               | effectively share the account (2FA included) and fully
               | relinquish control if you leave. Would that work?
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | I'm not the person who said they had a problem with it.
        
               | CarelessExpert wrote:
               | > I have a Google account for work. I don't have a work
               | issued computer.
               | 
               | Which must mean you're using personal equipment and
               | you're not doing what the previous person was talking
               | about, which was:
               | 
               | > It is very common to arrange your life so that you are
               | able to 'hand in' all work devices and walk away.
               | 
               | Context matters. I was arguing a specific point based on
               | a scenario the previous individual was posing. That
               | scenario apparently doesn't apply to you, in which case,
               | go argue with that person, because it wasn't my claim.
               | 
               | Now, if we want to talk about _your_ specific
               | circumstance, if you 're using personal equipment to
               | access a work account, stick a TOTP authenticator on your
               | personal device.
               | 
               | I honestly don't understand what's confusing about this.
        
               | Normal_gaussian wrote:
               | At a previous position I regularly used a variety of
               | company issued hardware (alongside my standard
               | workstation). The only company device I had consistently
               | was the phone.
               | 
               | In my current position I can be called up for an
               | emergency at any time. I'm not going to cart my desktop
               | or laptop around on my day off, but carrying a phone for
               | use with any reasonably secure machine I can find is a
               | good solution.
               | 
               | People with responsibility for operations systems will
               | find themselves in this kind of situation somewhat
               | regularly. These are also the people most likely to
               | seperate work and personal devices due to usage policies
               | or risk profiles.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | Doing work on my personal laptop does not mean I can't
               | just hand in the work devices and walk away. My
               | credentials would be disabled. The work _data_ remains on
               | work machines.
               | 
               | > I honestly don't understand what's confusing about
               | this.
               | 
               | I didn't argue it was confusing. I argued against your
               | assumption. And there's no need to use that tone - it
               | comes across as aggressive and condescending. EDIT: I
               | note this is not your only comment in this thread that
               | comes across this way. Looking at your comment history
               | suggests you're just direct, so I'll assume you don't
               | mean anything by it, but it rarely goes over well here.
        
         | danuker wrote:
         | Dangerous? For the users maybe. What are they going to do?
         | 
         | For Google? They get to clean up (only keep "real" users) and
         | reduce datacenter costs.
        
           | slac wrote:
           | And maybe slow down account creation used for online
           | harassment?
        
             | weird-eye-issue wrote:
             | A phone number is already needed to create a Google
             | account, completely independently of 2FA and a backup phone
             | number
        
               | Hnrobert42 wrote:
               | Last week I created a gmail account. No phone number was
               | required. I fully expected it to require one, but it
               | didn't.
        
               | weird-eye-issue wrote:
               | It looks like if you create it through the Gmail app that
               | is a workaround to not needing a phone number
        
       | karmicthreat wrote:
       | I really like how the TOTP Yubi Authenticator app works. Just
       | saves my secret to the Yubikey and I can save that secret to
       | multiple keys. Then put a printed copy of the QR-Code in the
       | vault in case I get hit by a bus.
       | 
       | This covers destruction of phone, destruction of office,
       | destruction of Yubikey, destruction of me.
       | 
       | I would like to use U2F, but some companies (looking at you AWS
       | team) only allow 1 MFA method period. And that just doesn't work.
        
       | g42gregory wrote:
       | I am assuming that this is because they urgently need to collect
       | your cell phone number to make more money from ads?
        
       | hrktb wrote:
       | A lot of people commenting on using 2FA options other than SMS,
       | but to the best of my knowledge it will only work after you've
       | already associated a phone number to the account.
       | 
       | Wanted to check if I'm just dumb, and all recent answer point to
       | the same issue: https://www.quora.com/Is-it-possible-to-use-
       | Google-2-step-ve...
        
         | CarelessExpert wrote:
         | My Google account is configured right now to only support the
         | Android prompt, TOTP, and Backup Codes. SMS is specifically not
         | enabled, both for 2FA and account recovery.
         | 
         | Either that answer is out of date or it's lacking nuance. I
         | haven't done it in a while, but it may be that you need SMS 2FA
         | initially, and then once you've added TOTP you can then remove
         | SMS.
         | 
         | But SMS is absolutely _not_ required and anyone who thinks it
         | is and is avoiding 2FA for that reason needs to go take a
         | second look at their security settings.
        
           | hrktb wrote:
           | I can also remove SMS as 2FA on my account, but I've had to
           | give a phone number on all my accounts at different points in
           | time, and they got confirmed by SMS.
           | 
           | What I was pointing at is not that SMS is the only option but
           | that the phone number + confirmation seems mandatory at least
           | once.
        
             | prirun wrote:
             | IMO, the bottom line is that Google wants your phone
             | number, I'm guessing so they can somehow further target
             | ads. They bugged the hell out of me a while back trying to
             | get a phone number, even though I had a backup email
             | address configured. They haven't bugged me for a while now,
             | but that's likely because now they're going to try to force
             | me to give them a phone number.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | riffic wrote:
       | out in the real world, there are _a lot_ of people out there who
       | hate 2FA. I have it on almost everything. You can 't please
       | everybody.
        
       | Proven wrote:
       | That's fine, I'll disable it.
       | 
       | If they won't let me, then I'll stop using Google services which
       | require me to auth.
       | 
       | That's how it works.
        
       | javierbyte wrote:
       | I lost one of my accounts last month to something similar to
       | this. I used to have a secondary email as 2FA and then it got
       | changed to "use one of my active devices", honestly I don't
       | remember if there was some popup asking me to confirm the change,
       | but one day I changed my iOS devices and the account was lost for
       | good as I could not "tap confirm".
       | 
       | I tried to contact them from the email that used to be the 2FA,
       | but no one could help me. It was a sad and eye-opening experience
       | as I could have lost google domains and more.
        
       | BuckRogers wrote:
       | I use Microsoft Authenticator because it backs up my 2FA accounts
       | to my iCloud and I believe to Microsoft's servers on Android. If
       | you lose those you're in trouble. I'm sure there are other
       | options that support that now. When I moved everything that I
       | could over, the open source options didn't support this. If I
       | wasn't happy with the best open source solution, I wanted to use
       | something from a large vendor that would be well supported. Any
       | vendor not named Google at least, I have the least amount of
       | trust in them among the 500 pound gorillas.
       | 
       | If you want to get ahead of this and save your accounts I've been
       | using MS Authenticator for years now and am very happy with it.
        
         | tristan957 wrote:
         | Similarly I've been using Authy. I've started a Bitwarden
         | account to store my passwords and I'm wondering if I should
         | just move my 2FA codes to Bitwarden which partially defeats the
         | purpose but convenience is always great.
        
       | bagels wrote:
       | I don't enable it because of the social engineering attacks
       | against mobile carriers, tricking them to hand out SIM cards to
       | crooks.
        
         | danuker wrote:
         | I recommend andOTP downloaded from F-Droid:
         | https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.shadowice.flocke.andotp/
        
           | CarelessExpert wrote:
           | Also for the desktop I just use KeepassXC with my TOTP creds
           | in their own database.
        
           | boromisp wrote:
           | An other option: Aegis Authenticator
           | https://f-droid.org/packages/com.beemdevelopment.aegis
        
         | CarelessExpert wrote:
         | Which is irrelevant given Google uses a combination of TOTP,
         | and for connected Android phones or iOS devices running certain
         | Google apps, a confirmation prompt on the phone.
        
         | JimDabell wrote:
         | Enabling SMS 2FA doesn't make your account less secure. At
         | worst, if somebody targets you with SIMjacking, it simply
         | doesn't make you more secure.
         | 
         | If you don't have 2FA enabled for your account, you are in the
         | least secure position compared with enabling any 2FA method.
         | 
         | Either way, there's no need to use SMS for 2FA with Google,
         | they support many other forms of 2FA.
        
           | GhostVII wrote:
           | I think Google actually allowed you to just use your phone
           | number to recover your account, so it was effective 1FA. In
           | that case it would be less secure. They might have changed it
           | now though.
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | Often enabling SMS 2FA also enables SMS as a password reset
           | option, which does make you less secure, since SIMjacking is
           | easier than guessing a reasonable not-reused password.
        
             | CarelessExpert wrote:
             | With Google you can disable SMS-based account recovery
             | independent of your 2FA options.
        
             | fr2null wrote:
             | If that is the case though, you are not really enabling SMS
             | 2FA. It is just SMS (1F) authentication.
             | 
             | Real 2FA would (theoretically) never make your account less
             | secure than 1FA, because even if the second factor has 0
             | security, it shouldn't decrease the security of the first
             | factor.
             | 
             | However, it is true that this may not always be the case
             | for imperfect implementations, like your example. I can
             | aldo imagine that social engineering might have a higher
             | succes ratio if the intruder can say "it really is me! I
             | have the correct second factor, I just lost my first
             | factor...".
        
         | remus wrote:
         | SMS based 2SV is just one option, there are many better methods
         | you can enable for a google account.
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | That's all fine and good but reliability of delivery of 2FA data
       | is not exactly fantastic (especially SMS, which lots of people
       | use for 2FA), besides that it gives google your phone number,
       | which not everybody may want to do.
        
         | CarelessExpert wrote:
         | > That's all fine and good but reliability of delivery of 2FA
         | data is not exactly fantastic
         | 
         | So don't use SMS.
         | 
         | TOTP authenticators don't require any data to be transmitted at
         | the time of authentication. They're set up with an initial
         | shared secret (typically transmitted via QR code) at which
         | point the codes are generated independently on the two devices.
         | 
         | This means the TOTP device doesn't even need to be connected to
         | the internet. As long as you can get the TOTP seed onto the
         | device (worst case: type it in), you can use that device for
         | 2FA.
        
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       (page generated 2021-05-08 23:01 UTC)