[HN Gopher] Crazy New Ideas
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Crazy New Ideas
        
       Author : razin
       Score  : 624 points
       Date   : 2021-05-06 11:44 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (paulgraham.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (paulgraham.com)
        
       | kstenerud wrote:
       | The thing is, most crazy new ideas are just that: crazy. For
       | every great new invention there is the other 99.999% of bunk or
       | snake oil.
       | 
       | It's very difficult to differentiate between an innovative idea
       | and claptrap. Genius is difficult to recognise because it takes a
       | genius to develop the idea in the first place.
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | > the other 99.999% of bunk or snake oil.
         | 
         | I think you are being overly pessimistic by several orders of
         | magnitude.
        
       | f430 wrote:
       | Paul's writing inspired me to start a porn studio. Thank you
       | Paul!
        
       | bilater wrote:
       | Great article. What most people are not taking into account with
       | Mighty is that new ideas like this rarely stay the same...who
       | knows what product/use case it morphs into? Maybe the browser
       | implementation takes off, maybe it pivots to an OS rather than
       | just Chrome...maybe becomes a backup / cross device solution.
       | Maybe something that we haven't even thought of yet becomes
       | possible with new technologies like 5G coming on board. We don't
       | know.
        
         | fillskills wrote:
         | Let my people try - humbly, a startup founder
        
       | talkingtab wrote:
       | I believe there is another factor, a bit more subtle, but I
       | wonder if it is more pervasive.
       | 
       | Humans need to act. In order to act we need to believe that our
       | actions are actionable. Anything, anything at all, that leaves us
       | unable to act is a threat to our survival. A bear jumps out at
       | you. Being unable to act because you don't know whether to play
       | dead or run is deadly. Being unable to decide whether to wear a
       | mask or not is deadly, even if both choices are both right or
       | wrong. Maybe not said well, but when you consider all the actions
       | you take in a day and what would happen if we could not decide.
       | 
       | As a side effect, I wonder if simply voicing ideas or bringing
       | into view concepts that challenge the certainty we each require
       | in order to get through a day, is in fact threatening.
        
       | ammar_x wrote:
       | The main idea of the article is that when someone who is a domain
       | expert proposes an idea that seems wrong, there is a chance that
       | this idea is a great idea because why would a smart person
       | proposes a stupid idea? They must've known something.
       | 
       | He says that in history, great ideas started like that. But he
       | didn't provide examples. I didn't find the article practical
       | because of that. It would have been a lot more useful if it
       | provided contemporary examples that support the claims made.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | kbutler wrote:
       | Sounds like an essay to state Arthur C. Clarke's "First Law":
       | When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something
       | is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that
       | something is impossible, he is very probably wrong.
       | 
       | ...which really just boils down to "it's probably possible".
       | 
       | Here are the three:                 1. When a distinguished but
       | elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost
       | certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he
       | is very probably wrong.            2. The only way of discovering
       | the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them
       | into the impossible.            3. Any sufficiently advanced
       | technology is indistinguishable from magic.
        
       | paraschopra wrote:
       | The issue is that domain experts often have crazy ideas outside
       | their domain. Typical example is a technical expert or a
       | scientist having a crazy business idea.
        
       | activatedgeek wrote:
       | I think the key statement to realize here is this,
       | 
       | > Most implausible-sounding ideas are in fact bad and could be
       | safely dismissed. But not when they're proposed by reasonable
       | domain experts.
       | 
       | Off the top of my head, I vaguely remember that the latter half
       | of the careers of many "greats" like Einstein, Fermi, Erdos were
       | riddled with pursuing directions which bore no fruit (to this
       | day).
       | 
       | I don't quite think that crazy bets work on "average". On average
       | they fail. It mostly so happens that crazy bets are on "average"
       | taken by people with a network that can attract able and
       | passionate people, who can see through an idea to its conclusion.
       | This is where experts come in.
       | 
       | Experts often rely on validation by their "community", and by the
       | nature of community dynamics need to upsell. They naturally
       | attract the kind of people needed to execute crazy ideas. But
       | then attracting such talent also has a corrective effect on the
       | originally crazy idea, such that it has a higher chance of
       | succeeding by minimizing the blind spots, the unknown unknowns.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | > Off the top of my head, I vaguely remember that the latter
         | half of the careers of many "greats" like Einstein, Fermi,
         | Erdos were riddled with pursuing directions which bore no fruit
         | (to this day).
         | 
         | I don't know about Erdos, but the other had ambitious ideas,
         | not crazy ones. Evidence that they weren't crazy is that the
         | problems they were working on are still seen as the ones to
         | solve by most of the physics community.
         | 
         | In fact, on the case of Einstein, he worked on much crazier
         | ideas on the beginning of his career. I don't think any
         | respected physicist ever thought about solving Brownian motion,
         | and the photoelectric effect was an interesting curiosity but
         | mostly of interest of "those inventors out there", not of
         | researchers.
        
         | agalunar wrote:
         | This is the whole "black swan" idea that Nassim Taleb writes
         | about - events that are very rare and unpredictable but
         | completely life-changing. This might be a poor paraphrase, but
         | roughly: We're not very good at reasoning about these sorts of
         | events, and domain experts are not immune. It's easy to believe
         | you have more predictive or explanative power than you actually
         | do, and to expose yourself to unacceptable risk as a result.
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | > _I vaguely remember that the latter half of the careers of
         | many "greats" like Einstein, Fermi, Erdos were riddled with
         | pursuing directions which bore no fruit_
         | 
         | And don't forget Newton!
        
       | visarga wrote:
       | This video is relevant. They talk about "openendedness",
       | serendipity, the tyranny of objectives, the evolution of ideas
       | (and biology), inventing new problems not just solving problems.
       | 
       | There are important implications in AI. Kenneth Stanley - Why
       | Greatness Cannot Be Planned on Machine Learning Street Talk.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhYGXYeMq_E&t=3016s
        
         | ZephyrBlu wrote:
         | I watched this entire video and it's awesome. Their whole
         | channel is a gold mine of information.
        
           | visarga wrote:
           | Yes, it's the best channel together with Yannic's channel.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZHmQk67mSJgfCCTn7xBfew
           | 
           | I come every couple of days back for more.
        
       | cptaj wrote:
       | The problem with this is selection bias. When you say you've
       | studied the "history of ideas", what you've actually studied is
       | the history of notorious ideas that worked.
       | 
       | You have nothing remotely resembling a proper sampling of ideas.
       | The ones that failed simply get forgotten
        
       | keiferski wrote:
       | Something I've noticed a lot lately is that _the people who have
       | crazy new ideas_ are often _the absolute last people that should
       | be communicating them to the world._ I'm not sure if it comes
       | from the insularity of academia or just a basic inability to
       | write clearly.
       | 
       | My theory is that many domain experts haven't needed to
       | communicate with a lay audience in decades (if ever) and thus
       | aren't aware of their own baseline assumptions. Seems like a
       | startup idea, maybe? Convert academic papers into comprehensible
       | English. _Two Minute Papers_ does this but it's only for
       | technology.
       | 
       | https://youtube.com/c/K%C3%A1rolyZsolnai
       | 
       | This probably applies to early Apple. Wozniak, while clearly a
       | technical genius, needed Jobs' communication and design skills to
       | sell "personal computing" and make Apple a mass-market company.
        
         | aadvani wrote:
         | We're building this for clinical papers! inpharmd.com We have
         | 10k summarized so far
        
         | mikewarot wrote:
         | I think many (but not all) domain experts end up that way
         | because they are so interested in a topic, they've internalized
         | all the jargon and assumptions required to get there. It takes
         | quite a bit of effort (and practice!) to keep the viewpoint of
         | the common person in mind as well.
         | 
         | Feynman loved explaining things, so he had to keep trying to
         | explain them in a manner that the ordinary folk could
         | understand, but he also loved physics, which kept him diving
         | deeper, and playing with it.
         | 
         | Having charisma and knowing what people want, and how to sell
         | was Steve Jobs portion of the game, once the initial technical
         | hurdles were solved. Woz likes to minimize circuits and do
         | clever things, that was his part of the game.
         | 
         | Here on HN, the balance seems to be keeping it focused enough
         | on hacking technology, while still appealing to those who want
         | to make money off of it in yacht loads.
         | 
         | It's all about balance between at least 2 domains.
        
       | new_realist wrote:
       | "Please work on new things and sell me your equity a pittance, so
       | that I may become richer on a few home runs, while most of you
       | fail miserably."
        
       | benp84 wrote:
       | These two parts seem contradictory:
       | 
       | > "Most implausible-sounding ideas are in fact bad and could be
       | safely dismissed. But not when they're proposed by reasonable
       | domain experts."
       | 
       | > "The lowest form of all is to dismiss an idea because of who
       | proposed it."
       | 
       | I feel like he's prematurely dismissing the idea of _dismissing
       | an idea based on who proposes it_ because of who he 's imagining
       | doing (proposing) it, if that makes sense.
        
       | snarkypixel wrote:
       | Biggest mind shift: Instead of asking why it wouldn't work, ask
       | what would it take for it to work
        
       | bombcar wrote:
       | The problem I immediately see is that you have to qualify your
       | domain experts. If it's someone you personally know, perhaps it
       | would apply - otherwise you're opening yourself pretty wide to
       | domain experts out to scam you.
        
         | topaz0 wrote:
         | Right. Examples of ideas that seemed crazy, were initially
         | treated as implausible, and nevertheless worked out are
         | plentiful, but so are examples of ideas that seemed crazy, were
         | initially venerated as the miracle way of the future, and
         | turned out to be complete BS founded on deception.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | And because the second group fails (or were outright scams)
           | the record of all of them is lost. We know about the HUGE
           | venture capital failures like pets dot com, but there were
           | thousands more in the $1-10m range nobody cares to even
           | document. Similarly throughout history. The "crazy ideas that
           | actually worked" are talked about because of how rare they
           | are.
        
       | gustavo-fring wrote:
       | Graham's obviously inspired by some Kuhnian paradigms here, but
       | in Grahamiam fashion, he doesn't cite anything to back it up.
       | 
       | What I find interesting where he calls most people conservative
       | is how when I'm discussing VCs, YC, etc with non SV people is we
       | talk about how conservative they are. YC's business model for
       | years was predicated on finding talent (kids) that was
       | undervalued, underpaying them (10k was the initial payouts?),
       | getting them to pack up and move to super-expensive monocultural
       | SV like everyone else, and then when they made bukku money, lose
       | interest in improving the service (Reddit, Dropbox). There's
       | nothing original there, it's the business model of carpetbaggers
       | and robber barons. How boring.
       | 
       | I often feel like Jonah Hill in Moneyball, a pariah for pointing
       | out how ancient VC thinking is. Or maybe I just imagine it. Well,
       | it is my experience that true deep domain knowledge can only come
       | from years of insights. People without years of experience will
       | be lacking maturity and/or won't have time to even consider those
       | insights. Usually people who mainly care about money, influence
       | "becoming powerful" (Graham's words about his protege, not mine)
       | will jump at whatever shortcut they can take instead of spending
       | the card work necessary for learning these deep insights PG is
       | interested in.
       | 
       | With all due respect, Coinbase didn't require deep insight. It
       | was the equivalent of "You like money, too?" . PG, you should
       | stop the contrarian persecuted intellectual look. You're not the
       | little guy anymore, haven't been for 2 decades.
        
         | zanellato19 wrote:
         | Capital is the most conservative thing that exists. Any little
         | sign of trouble and it flees. VC is not different, they just
         | play the odds and invest in a way that the money is guaranteed
         | back, but the optics is that they are "taking risks". They then
         | lobby to have the goverment take that risk away, lobby against
         | employees having power to never have any risk and so on.
         | Capitalists are the most risk averse people.
        
         | 131012 wrote:
         | And the fact that he states that he uses the word in the right
         | way doesn't make it right. In fact, I find the use of the word
         | paradigm quite shallow and disconnected from the Kuhnian
         | definition.
        
         | antipauline wrote:
         | > _There 's nothing original there, it's the business model of
         | carpetbaggers and robber barons. How boring._
         | 
         | Indeed. Venture capitalism is still capitalism, with all its
         | abuse and exploitation.
        
           | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
           | All governments are slowly and inexorably moving towards a
           | synthetic mix of capitalism and socialism. The problem in the
           | US is _unfettered_ capitalism, which has metastasized into an
           | attempt to capture the ENTIRE vertical stack of any business
           | enterprise. That's the whole play of VC money today: find a
           | segment of the economy to monopolize, run everyone else out,
           | and then extract ALL the profits, from top to bottom. In my
           | opinion, we need GDP-adjusted limits on how large a company
           | can be, in several different dimensions.
        
           | lbacaj wrote:
           | Capitalism for all its flaws at least taps into what
           | motivates people to work really hard and encourages it. It
           | mimics nature itself. Some ideas might be mundane but others
           | can be extraordinary, it's par for the course.
           | 
           | As an example, Capitalism gave us a vaccine to a novel
           | corona-virus within a year. These companies didn't do it out
           | of good will, they did it because they knew they could make
           | money. Many socialist countries are struggling because it
           | turns out it's hard to force people to produce innovation
           | without the right incentive structures in place.
           | 
           | If you want to blame anyone blame God for making human nature
           | this way. Capitalism is just the system that is most
           | effective at tapping human psychology to push people to
           | produce the best possible work.
        
             | lostcolony wrote:
             | As of November last year (let alone anything since re:
             | distribution), US governmental agencies paid $2.5 billion
             | to Moderna to develop the vaccine and buy doses (and there
             | already had been work done by Moderna on mRNA vaccines).
             | 
             | As of July last year (again, let alone anything since), US
             | governmental agencies had paid Pfizer $1.95 billion.
             | 
             | So, basically, the government spent billions for something
             | they then distributed 'for free' to the taxpayers.
             | 
             | That's an interesting example to pick for 'capitalism'.
        
               | lbacaj wrote:
               | The companies you just mentioned all got Paid at whatever
               | market rate they/the market set.
               | 
               | Just because it was the government that paid them, why
               | isn't that capitalism?
               | 
               | Socialism and Communism is when you tell people what
               | they'll charge for the greater good of the people. At
               | least that's what it is to me, someone from a former
               | communist country.
               | 
               | Edit: not only did those companies get paid to invent it,
               | but others got paid to make it, and yet others got paid
               | to distribute it (pharmacies etc).
        
               | lostcolony wrote:
               | >> 'at whatever market rate they/the market set'
               | 
               | Really? I would have expected something a bit higher than
               | $20-$25 a dose, given the limited supply (it was pure
               | research at the time), and COVID was decimating the
               | country (so extremely high demand). I mean, a single dose
               | of insulin, requiring no research, and no protective IP,
               | and costing cents to produce, will run you or an
               | insurance company hundreds of dollars. Given the huge
               | demand, and the non-existent supply at that time, there
               | is -nothing- in the market that would have capped the
               | price for the vaccine at $20-25, except either human good
               | will (which is not a market factor; again, see insulin),
               | or the very real threat of government action.
               | 
               | >> At least that's what it is to me, someone from a
               | former communist country
               | 
               | And voting Republican is what Democracy means to plenty
               | of people living in the US. If we actually go to what the
               | dictionary definition of socialism is, rather than a
               | particular interpretation or lived experience of
               | something called it, it's "(a political system wherein)
               | the means of production, distribution, and exchange
               | should be owned or regulated by the community as a
               | whole".
               | 
               | The governmental decision to offer something for free to
               | everyone is a socialist one; the use of government
               | regulation as an implicit threat to pay what is
               | reasonable to offset cost, rather than what the market
               | could dictate, also speaks to socialism. Yes, it was a
               | private company that produced it, but both the exchange
               | and the bulk of its distribution are very much being
               | carried out by government, and even where not, are being
               | very tightly regulated by government. All of that in
               | response to community need and desire, not merely the
               | strictures of the market (which otherwise would have seen
               | a major profit opportunity).
        
               | lbacaj wrote:
               | Appreciate your comment, it's good learning for me to
               | hear a different opinion.
               | 
               | I might have extrapolated the benefits of a capitalist
               | system too far.
               | 
               | But the main point still stands I think, the response to
               | the above comment and the fact that it is very much those
               | strong incentives that drive much of the innovation in
               | our society today. It is not someone forcing someone to
               | do something or pure good will that lead to these
               | results.
        
               | lostcolony wrote:
               | That I can agree with. Ensuring people can reap some
               | benefit to their efforts is important. The problems with
               | capitalism that I personally have tend to be around
               | places that people are able to reap benefit from other
               | people's efforts unduly (i.e., billionaires), or from
               | other people's needs unduly (i.e., shareholders making
               | bank from healthcare).
        
             | antipauline wrote:
             | > _As an example, Capitalism gave us a vaccine to a novel
             | corona-virus within a year. These companies didn't do it
             | out of good will, they did it because they knew they could
             | make money. Many socialist countries are struggling because
             | it turns out it's hard to force people to produce
             | innovation without the right incentive structures in
             | place._
             | 
             | Most vaccine development occurs in academic research
             | institutions, even if the large-scale manufacturing is then
             | taken up by the capitalists. For example, the Covid vaccine
             | manufactured by AstraZeneca was created by and innovated
             | upon by a vaccine research group in Oxford University, who
             | are obviously not in it for making vast wads of cash. And
             | in general, it's the state who funds vaccine development,
             | and the state who buys the vaccines.
             | 
             | On the broader subject of medicine, capitalism also gives
             | us harsh enforcement of supposed 'intellectual property
             | rights', stymieing the availability of medicines in
             | developing countries. Fortunately, it looks like this will
             | be waived for Covid vaccines, thanks to some government
             | intervention. But it shouldn't have to be this way. Jonas
             | Salk had the right idea when he released his polio vaccine
             | freely to the world, to benefit all, without profit motive.
        
             | NoGravitas wrote:
             | > As an example, Capitalism gave us a vaccine to a novel
             | corona-virus within a year.
             | 
             | You realize Cuba also produced a vaccine within one year.
             | So did China; though some people consider Dengism a kind of
             | capitalism, so who knows, good for you, maybe.
        
             | mids_hn wrote:
             | > These companies didn't do it out of good will, they did
             | it because they knew they could make money.
             | 
             | Which can exist in a socialist economy.
        
         | ad89aud89adjas wrote:
         | The whole SV/VC thing is just a big shallow marketing scheme to
         | get young people buy into bad deals because they are
         | brainwashed into thinking it's the cool thing to do. Have been
         | there, done that, regret it. It took me years of being outside
         | of SV to realize how brainwashed I was by comparing myself to
         | the media and people around me.
        
           | TheAdamAndChe wrote:
           | > It took me years of being outside of SV to realize how
           | brainwashed I was by comparing myself to the media and people
           | around me.
           | 
           | The media doesn't represent normal people, and there are
           | different regions of the country with very different norms,
           | cultures, and beliefs. I know we are social animals heavily
           | influenced by those around us, but it's also important to
           | reflect and try to determine if those influences are right or
           | productive.
        
         | graycat wrote:
         | "Crazy new ideas"? A VC, Graham, is praising crazy new ideas?
         | 
         | After I sent some hundreds of emails to Silicon Valley, NY, and
         | Boston venture capital firms with nearly no positive feedback
         | and nearly no feedback at all, I concluded several points:
         | 
         | (1) VCs won't invest in, consider, look at, or pay attention to
         | crazy new ideas. Might guess that one reason can be that when
         | the ideas are _deep technically_ the VCs don 't have the
         | expertise to evaluate them, but the VC rarely seek evaluations
         | from technical experts either. Net, VCs don't want to invest in
         | crazy new ideas and hardly value ideas at all.
         | 
         | (2) My best guess is that most of all VCs like to invest in
         | _traction_ already significant and growing rapidly. The
         | _traction_ most desired is after tax earnings, but also good
         | enough can be pre-tax earnings, revenue, or just Web site
         | traffic.
         | 
         | (3) VCs also like the traction to be in a big market.
         | 
         | (4) VCs also like a team of several founders: Maybe the VCs are
         | afraid that a sole, solo founder would get into human
         | relationship problems as their company grew, and the team of
         | several founders helps alleviate that fear. Also with several
         | founders, if the VCs don't like the CEO, then the VCs can fire
         | the CEO and promote one of the other founders to CEO.
         | 
         | E.g., I have had at least two _crazy new ideas_ for new
         | businesses:
         | 
         | The first idea was new and much better than anything else for
         | real-time monitoring of _health and wellness_ of servers and
         | networks. I had running code and some quite good results on a
         | variety of real data. The idea would not have had the potential
         | of building a company worth $10 billion but might have built
         | one worth $500 million and, maybe, with more advanced versions
         | of the product, continued to grow. I gave a talk at the main
         | NASDAQ site in Trumbull, CT, but apparently no VC had any
         | interest at all. So, I went ahead and published the work; so,
         | at least it was good enough to pass peer review!
         | 
         | Second I have an idea, and 100,000 lines of .NET code
         | apparently ready for at least initial production, for a huge
         | market and that, if people like it at all, and there is various
         | evidence they will, should be worth $10 billion, maybe 200
         | times that if I further develop the work and people around the
         | world like it a lot, and there is some evidence they might.
         | 
         | The idea makes powerful uses of some poorly known and
         | understood advanced pure math (maybe understood by fewer than
         | 10 computer science professors in the whole world, and only a
         | tiny fraction of pure math professors will look for or see the
         | connection with computing or business) and some original
         | applied math I derived likely beyond over 90% of computer
         | scientists.
         | 
         | But apparently no VC in the country is interested at all. Same
         | for YC, the NSF IIP, etc. But, and really I designed this
         | project this way, I don't really need funding now and won't if
         | the traction grows. I've had some delays from unpredictable
         | outside interruptions but am about to return to the work.
         | 
         | I can believe: The $500 million is too small for VCs to care,
         | and the 200 times $10 billion is too big for them to believe.
        
           | ahstilde wrote:
           | > I can believe: The $500 million is too small for VCs to
           | care, and the 200 times $10 billion is too big for them to
           | believe.
           | 
           | This is actually true. The model of VCs requires that they
           | take extremely high risk with extremely high upside. But
           | their job is to derisk as much as possible. They derisk
           | market risk, technical risk, and operational risk.
           | 
           | Get the traction, and the money will follow.
        
         | stephc_int13 wrote:
         | There is a thing I realized a few years ago about about VC.
         | 
         | They are not in the game to fuel innovation, contrary to what
         | they pretend.
         | 
         | They are in the game to protect old-money against innovation.
        
       | jgalt212 wrote:
       | as PG has gotten richer, astoundingly so, I feel his writing has
       | become of lower quality and less general utility. But, that's
       | fine. I don't have to read it, but I do still adore and re-read
       | his older works.
       | 
       | That being said, it's amazing that mental gymnastics all VCs
       | these days will go through to make something that's completely
       | nonsensical seem like it "could" make sense. e.g. NFTs and
       | Andreesen Horowitz
        
       | dataviz1000 wrote:
       | Isn't this the issue Joseph Campbell addressed? The journey a
       | person with a crazy new idea endures? And, how in all different
       | cultures the redeemer, a person solving an issue that their
       | society needs to address, have the same symbolic characteristics.
       | You and your children experience this not in a philosophy or
       | mythology class but at every moment someone mentions a Star Wars
       | or Marvel reference[0]. Disney keeps telling this one story over
       | and over again, a story of a person with a crazy new idea being
       | ostracized and rejected by their society and the journey they
       | have to make to return to their society with a new solution to a
       | problem.
       | 
       | The system, lol, I mean our culture and society, is very
       | resilient to change. If it wasn't, it would be a different
       | system. A part of the resilience, the reason it doesn't crash
       | down into chaos and anarchy is because it rejects and ostracizes
       | people with new ideas. It's by design, how it evolved. However,
       | it also needs to evolve and grow and the people who do that have
       | to endure.
       | 
       | Not all people who are on this 'Hero's Journey' are correct.
       | Disney isn't addressing whether the crazy new idea is good or
       | not, although in their media it is always a good idea, which is
       | what Paul Graham is writing about. Their stories are addressing
       | the journey a person endures if they have any crazy new idea that
       | challenges their culture and society, good or bad. Whereas, Paul
       | Graham is looking to quantify signals that a crazy new idea is
       | good, something he should invest in. To which, I'd add asking if
       | the person with a crazy new idea is honest, not only to other
       | people, but more importantly honest to themselves, integrity. If
       | a person can separate delusion from fact except for that one
       | idea, that's a signal.
       | 
       | [0]https://livingspirit.typepad.com/files/chris-vogler-
       | memo-1.p...
        
         | gustavo-fring wrote:
         | I feel like Godwin saying this, but the other side of that coin
         | is that's the same process that Joachim Feist's biography
         | describes Hitler as going through.
         | 
         | You might be a Skywalker, but you don't know which one.
        
           | dataviz1000 wrote:
           | Also, Erich Fromm's, a German psychoanalyst, 'Escape from
           | Freedom' which is a social psychology treatise on the rise of
           | Nazism published in 1941 about how people innately shirk
           | responsibility and the relationship between a person's
           | freedom to make decisions and how much social and personal
           | responsibility they assume.
           | 
           | The book is about how Hitler came to power but what I saw was
           | a manual on how to become a very evil person. I remember
           | thinking halfway through the book, 'Oh, this is why negging
           | is a very effective seduction technique.'
           | 
           | (I looked up the word assume to make sure I'm using it
           | correctly here and even in its definition power and
           | responsibility are interchangeable which makes sense because
           | there is a relationship in our reality between power and
           | responsibility. Strangely, Fromm didn't use the word shirk in
           | this context, I think I get that word from Dr. Seuss' 'Horton
           | Hears a Who'. Probably a good thing that Dr. Seuss got to me
           | first. That is the wisdom of the Disney folks.)
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | I think Campbell's "journey" is about storytelling and the
         | narrative journey, with a heavy dose of Jungian psychology, not
         | about tech/science ideas. So I'd say it doesn't fit here.
        
           | tlb wrote:
           | That's the part that screenwriters often talk about. But his
           | book, The Hero with a Thousand Faces, covers more than that
           | and there are insights applicable to being a scientist.
           | 
           | A key insight is that mythology's interpersonal structures
           | are special to people, and our minds are wired to see them
           | everywhere. A neuro-Bayesian might call them a prior. As a
           | result, if your role in society somewhat resembles an
           | archetype, the public is likely to perceive you mostly or
           | entirely in terms of that archetype.
           | 
           | Scientists are at risk of being pattern-matched to the
           | Daedalus archetype. The public will ascribe all sorts of
           | Daedalus-nature to you (even those who don't recognize the
           | name) and you'll wonder "Why would they assume all those
           | things about me???".
           | 
           | The book may shed some light what's going on and how to deal
           | with it.
        
       | bttrfl wrote:
       | Unrelated to PG's post... I had no clue what MightyApp is so I
       | went to their website [0]. When I scrolled to "Work without the
       | fan noise" section on the homepage my fan started to work pretty
       | hard. Haven't checked if they intentionally got the fan to work,
       | but it was a nice coincidence.
       | 
       | [0] mightyapp.com
        
         | OhNoMyqueen wrote:
         | They could do the equivalent of those images comparing Full HD
         | and 4K side-by-side, by having a button "with MightyApp" which
         | reduces CPU load and makes your fan stop.
        
         | amznthrwaway wrote:
         | I didn't think there was anything crazy about Mighty.
         | 
         | It looks like a straightforward play to implement app streaming
         | to deliver an application that holds immense amounts of
         | personal data, and Mighty will (eventually) monetize that data.
         | 
         | It feels weird to bet on devices not being fast enough though,
         | in a world where my phone is faster than my laptop.
        
       | nearbuy wrote:
       | > Whatever the church thought of the heliocentric model,
       | astronomers must have been convinced as soon as Copernicus
       | proposed it. Far, in fact, from it.
       | 
       | I don't think this tells the whole story. The church didn't
       | immediately view the heliocentric model as a crazy new idea.
       | 
       | > In 1533, Johann Albrecht Widmannstetter delivered a series of
       | lectures in Rome outlining Copernicus's theory. Pope Clement VII
       | and several Catholic cardinals heard the lectures and were
       | interested in the theory. On 1 November 1536, Cardinal Nikolaus
       | von Schonberg, Archbishop of Capua, wrote to Copernicus from
       | Rome:
       | 
       | > "... Therefore with the utmost earnestness I entreat you, most
       | learned sir, unless I inconvenience you, to communicate this
       | discovery of yours to scholars, and at the earliest possible
       | moment to send me your writings on the sphere of the universe
       | together with the tables and whatever else you have that is
       | relevant to this subject ..."
       | 
       | (From
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus#Heliocentr...)
       | 
       | The church's stance against the heliocentric model developed
       | later, and probably for religious and political reasons.
       | 
       | Secondly, rational astronomers shouldn't have been convinced of
       | the model as soon as Copernicus proposed it. It wasn't yet
       | proven. It's like string theory today. It may have been an
       | elegant theory, but a good scientist shouldn't consider a theory
       | proven until it's actually proven.
       | 
       | Relating this back more generally to the essay, I think there's a
       | bias in how we retell stories from history that makes it seem
       | like great new ideas were initially mostly considered crazy. It
       | makes a better story when one person overcomes the odds and
       | invents something great despite everyone telling them they're
       | crazy. But reality, most new ideas had a mix of detractors and
       | supporters. We just remember the detractors better and amuse
       | ourselves thinking about how wrong they were.
        
       | grodes wrote:
       | can the font size be smaller? please
        
         | drux wrote:
         | And the text a little more to the left
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | mellosouls wrote:
       | _But the main thing that leads reasonable people to dismiss new
       | ideas is the same thing that holds people back from proposing
       | them: the sheer pervasiveness of the current paradigm._
       | 
       | This sounds like the sort of nonsense used by scientific
       | crackpots to attack their critics for "not understanding" them.
       | 
       | Sure, your idea may be revolutionary and actually upend
       | everything, but the overwhelming likelihood is it won't and you
       | need to go through the same evaluation process as everybody else
       | and not be so salty about that.
       | 
       | Incidentally, I find the MightyApp concept interesting and wish
       | it well in forging a new market, but this sort of rationalisation
       | as the "main" driver behind reasonable scepticsm is a very poor
       | defence.
        
       | tosh wrote:
       | > Having new ideas is a lonely business
        
       | bruhhh wrote:
       | Here's a crazy idea for you: use SSL on your website!!
        
       | danybittel wrote:
       | That is kind of reaching for the stars. Or shall I say last straw
       | argument. I think a much easier winner is if you have a domain
       | expert in one area and bring his or her knowledge to another
       | field. A Designer who creates a web app to design logos. A
       | fitness guru who develops a Drink. A car maker who builds space
       | ships.
        
       | II2II wrote:
       | The reference to the Copernican Model of the solar system is an
       | interesting one since it produced less accurate predictions than
       | the Ptolemaic Model. Improving the predictions of the Copernican
       | model initially involved the introduction of epicycles,
       | diminishing the value of the crazy new idea.
       | 
       | It took the work of Kepler (elliptical orbits) and Newton (a
       | physical basis for elliptical orbits) to elevate the heliocentric
       | model to the status that it enjoys today.
       | 
       | There are two reasons why I bring this up: one is the validity of
       | many of Paul Graham's assertions and conclusions. The other is to
       | point out that things aren't so simple. Copernicus did not reap
       | the rewards of his ideas since it took the work of others to
       | prove those ideas. In fields outside of science, there is little
       | reason to expect people to arrive upon similar conclusions. (Even
       | within the sciences, there is no reason to believe we would
       | converge on similar conclusions in the same time frame via
       | different paths.)
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | I think there's a very strong analogy between the Copernican
         | model vs Ptolemaic and computer languages (for example) - you
         | can have something like C which has obvious defects (grant this
         | for the argument, substitute something else if you like), but a
         | replacement like Rust isn't taking on just C, but the entire
         | ecosystem around C and all the tooling and knowledge therein.
         | 
         | Similarly the Copernican model was "more correct" depending on
         | how you look at it (currently we model everything relative to
         | everything else, the earth and sun "orbit" around a midpoint
         | that is inside the surface of the sun but not the exact center,
         | for example) but it provided WORSE predictions than the
         | Ptolemaic model of the time.
         | 
         | And this had real practical implications in the technology of
         | the day - navigation charts, etc, analogous to trying to use
         | new tooling and finding it doesn't support aspects the old
         | tooling did.
        
         | gustavo-fring wrote:
         | Graham has a tendency to use hindsight to show that, yes,
         | indeed he is contrarian and genius.
         | 
         | The Ethereum people do it, too. They use the example of old
         | massively successful tech to prove that Eth too can catch on,
         | but they don't cite all the failures.
        
           | antipauline wrote:
           | Paul Graham is high on his own ego. Unfortunately, too many
           | people take what he says at face value, like he's some sort
           | of magical preacher of the Valley.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Please don't cross into personal attack on HN, for any
             | meaning of $person. And please stop creating accounts to
             | break HN's guidelines with. You're damaging the community
             | you're part of by doing these things, and that is self-
             | defeating behavior--especially if you consider how fragile
             | this place is. I'm sure you're not the kind of person who
             | would drop lit matches in a dry forest or even litter in a
             | city park. Please stop doing the equivalents here.
             | 
             | The odds are overwhelming that the internet converges to
             | pure suckage. We're spending a lot of energy trying to
             | stave that off. Since you're such an active community
             | participant, wouldn't it be in your interests to help that
             | effort, rather than hurt it?
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | Laremere wrote:
         | To add to this:
         | 
         | He lists two reasons why people want to dismiss "crazy new
         | ideas": envy, and the desire to seem sophisticated. Using
         | Copernicus as an example simply does not fit these claims.
         | 
         | Reasons to dismiss Copernicus's ideas:
         | 
         | 1. They were worse predictions, so for all 'practical' purposes
         | of the day (essentially, only knowing where the wandering stars
         | would be), adopting his ideas would be poor.
         | 
         | 2. Most crazy new ideas like this proposed by people on the
         | fringe of a field are flat out wrong. The Copernican Model is a
         | good example of a common mistake, really: Someone saw a complex
         | but accurate system and tried replacing it with a simple system
         | that is easier to understand but rejects the actual data. Turns
         | out the world is complex and doesn't care about being
         | intuitive. See all of quantum mechanics for an example.
         | 
         | 3. Classical relativity was only established later by Newton.
         | The moon, sun, and other planets were poorly understood at the
         | time. It wasn't until Galileo's observations that evidence was
         | gained for a rocky moon. The idea that the whole Earth could be
         | moving and spinning without violating everyday observation, and
         | therefor the other bodies in the sky follow the same rules as
         | those on Earth, is simply a large and unnecessary leap in
         | intuition. Sure, it's a correct leap, but the path of reasoning
         | there is backwards. It is only with Newton's laws of motion
         | that heliocentrism begins to make any sense.
         | 
         | 4. Further, much better evidence (as discussed above) came to
         | light far before Copernicus's ideas had any effect on non-
         | academic matters. Other than finding things interesting, and
         | generally liking to know how the universe works, heliocentrism
         | has no practical affect on life even today. Sure if you work at
         | NASA it's super important, but most people don't. Trying to
         | force an idea before it's time, when it won't effect things
         | anyways has little practical value.
         | 
         | The crux of this is that this article is not a response to
         | people dismissing a new idea. It's people dismissing a new
         | business. He seems to be arguing that new ideas by domain
         | experts shouldn't be criticized because they might be right,
         | while ignoring that people can have strong financial motivation
         | to promote incorrect ideas. Fighting such ideas is good
         | because:
         | 
         | - If the ideas prove correct, internet criticism of it really
         | won't matter. Only a few key investors need to be convinced,
         | and yeah they'll make a lot of money.
         | 
         | - If the ideas are wrong, healthy skepticism is the strongest
         | force against snake oil salesmen.
         | 
         | 90% of starts fail, so the criticism will usually be on the
         | correct side, even if the exact criticisms don't point to the
         | true cause of failure.
        
           | bonoboTP wrote:
           | > heliocentrism has no practical affect on life even today
           | 
           | I disagree. These discoveries (showing that we aren't
           | "special" or at the "center") had huge
           | religious/philosophical implications and through some
           | intermediate steps ultimately led to the kinds of secular
           | states we (most of us) spend our every day in practice.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tutfbhuf wrote:
       | Is it possible to add a HN filter (hide) all paulgraham.com
       | posts? I'm not interested in his posts and they pop up very often
       | on HN.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | People ask for the same thing for politics, and for various
         | subjects. So how many different "hide" filters should we
         | create?
         | 
         | Then there's the classification problem. Is post X really about
         | politics? It's not binary.
         | 
         | The only solution that would even approximately work would be
         | to add a block list of domains to peoples' profiles. That way,
         | if you don't want to see anything from paulgraham.com, and I
         | don't want to see anything from HuffPost, we can each do that.
         | But even that only approximately works. I've seen articles
         | posted here that are Twitter comments on Paul Graham articles.
         | 
         | Or, the absolute simplest solution: Skip over the articles that
         | don't interest you. It's really easy to just move your eyes to
         | the next line.
        
           | tutfbhuf wrote:
           | It could be very easy. Just hide all posts from that specific
           | website, a very easy filter, not classification problem.
           | 
           | > It's really easy to just move your eyes to the next line.
           | 
           | Well if it's that easy, then why is there an hide button on
           | HN in the first place?
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | It really is that easy. And, I don't know why there's a
             | hide button. I have never used it that I recall; I had
             | forgotten that it existed.
        
         | hutrdvnj wrote:
         | I'm not sure what you are down voted. It's a very legitimate
         | question.
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | should be prefaced with "within the context of american
       | capitalism", because i don't think such views on personal ego and
       | taking credit apply universally. There were a lot more crazy
       | ideas when experimental science wasn't there to debunk them. And
       | many science fields even today are lacking ideas, not methods,
       | but not necessarily for fear of being ridiculed.
        
       | kevinskii wrote:
       | I can't speak to Mighty's potential, but this essay is quite
       | good.
       | 
       | As one anecdote in support of its argument, I have an
       | acquaintance who co-founded a startup about 10 years ago. Much
       | like Dropbox's early skeptics, I didn't understand how this
       | business solved any real problem that couldn't be trivially
       | addressed in a multitude of other ways.
       | 
       | I was puzzled as the business continued to grow and open offices
       | around the world, and I was astounded when they were acquired for
       | many multiples of the minimal VC investment that they eventually
       | accepted.
        
         | gustavo-fring wrote:
         | WeWork?
        
           | kevinskii wrote:
           | Heh. Not far off, in my opinion.
        
       | UncleMeat wrote:
       | I really wish PG would actually talk to some historians. History
       | of Science is an extremely deep field with tons of professionals
       | who have spent their lives studying this material. His overview
       | is shallow. The only history book he cites is from _fifty years
       | ago_!
       | 
       | It is so frustrating. There is this huge wealth of content
       | available and a large group of people who'd want nothing more to
       | be able to share what they know about the history of science and
       | instead we get think pieces based in hunches, feelings, and
       | generalities. The historians are right there! They want to talk
       | to you!
        
         | jean_tta wrote:
         | A very smart man, PG himself, once said [0]:
         | 
         | > I actually worry a lot that as I get "popular" I'll be able
         | to get away with saying stupider stuff than I would have dared
         | say before.
         | 
         | PG started writing essays about what he knows well
         | (programming, start ups), then about things he knows a bit
         | (painting) and then stuff like this, or his essays on economic
         | policy. In any case, he predicted his own future quite well.
         | 
         | [0] quoted here
         | https://idlewords.com/2005/04/dabblers_and_blowhards.htm from
         | there http://lemonodor.com/archives/001091.html#c8508
        
         | walleeee wrote:
         | I see little evidence he would want to talk to them, indeed his
         | way of life is an insult to their discipline and their
         | discipline is a threat to his way of life
         | 
         | Consciousness of history is inoculation against the sort of
         | "thought leadership" PG sells
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | I personally know an unusual number of historians of science
           | for a software engineer. If PG approached them with an open
           | mind, I'm very confident that they'd love to talk to him.
           | Historians do history because they love their topic so much
           | that they are willing to suffer an abusive career and low
           | pay. They want nothing more than to talk about the things
           | they study.
        
             | walleeee wrote:
             | > Historians do history because they love their topic so
             | much that they are willing to suffer an abusive career and
             | low pay.
             | 
             | Yes, incidentally people like this are probably not easily
             | swayed by the minimally researched thoughts of a venture
             | capitalist
             | 
             | I hope he talks to some historians but I fear he may intuit
             | this and avoid it, consciously or not
             | 
             | I hope your historian friends have a habit of sharing their
             | work with engineers!
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | > I hope your historian friends have a habit of sharing
               | their work with engineers!
               | 
               | They do! There are growing collaborative projects between
               | the humanities and software all over the place today.
        
               | walleeee wrote:
               | That's cool! Always thought that would be fun to work on.
        
         | intergalplan wrote:
         | Being actually-correct about one's historical analogies and
         | still making them work (or even finding that they don't! Gasp!)
         | is harder than repeating "common knowledge" tales or fudging
         | things to fit your narrative while writing with the same bold
         | voice you would if you were actually-correct.
         | 
         | Not to pick just on PG--that's more common than not, really.
        
         | anatoly wrote:
         | You should use this opportunity to recommend an especially
         | high-quality introduction/overview of modern history of
         | science, approachable by a curious outsider.
        
           | walleeee wrote:
           | Philosophy of Science: the Central Issues (Curd, Cover, &
           | Pincock) is a decent although limited aggregation
        
             | anatoly wrote:
             | Thank you.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | Diving straight into books can be hard, since academics write
           | for other academics.
           | 
           | But I recommend works by Paula Findlen and Tom Mullaney
           | highly! Mullaney's work pushes back against a whole bunch of
           | myths about the chinese language and its effect on
           | technological innovation. Findlen's work covers both the
           | history of technologies but also the technology of
           | communication and the nature of information in the
           | Renaissance period. Mullaney is weirdly involved on social
           | media so that can be more approachable and Findlen's work is
           | on the readable side for academic history.
           | 
           | The world is so much more complex than "a new idea is created
           | from the ether, people criticize it, and then a paradigm
           | shift happens and it takes over the world".
        
       | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
       | I feel like the same thing can be said about Boring Old Ideas. If
       | the person who is speaking to you _knows_ what they 're talking
       | about, there's good chance that they've identified a
       | gap/opportunity and you _should_ listen to them.
       | 
       | This seems more like an exercise in listening and trust than
       | whether the idea is crazy or novel.
        
       | kehrlann wrote:
       | It's also a common theme for Kent Beck, who "invented" extreme
       | programming.
       | 
       | > i have good ideas, i just don't know which of them are good up
       | front. hence, looking foolish is a prerequisite for looking
       | smart.
       | 
       | Source:
       | https://mobile.twitter.com/kentbeck/status/11329885166594867...
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | Seems like the privacy implications of this are not worth it for
       | any serious company.
       | 
       | I was watching Rudy Giuliani yesterday on youtube, talk about how
       | the FBI accessed and monitored his iCloud account for over a
       | year. Which included his privileged lawyer/client information. If
       | they can do that to a president's lawyer, while he's defending
       | the president. They can do it to anyone.
        
       | srckinase123 wrote:
       | The idea of using reasonable domain experts as a filter to
       | implausible-sounding ideas seems obvious for hard-technology and
       | scientific problems. But what about entrepreneurial ideas that
       | provide a social service, such as Uber or Airbnb? Were the
       | founders "domain experts"?
        
         | jimhi wrote:
         | He has a different essay explaining the Stripe founders were
         | not experts at all when they started. I think there's multiple
         | paths to success and change
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | What's interesting is both of those examples are relatively
         | removed from the "original proposition" - Uber was
         | "ridesharing" and now is "taxi on demand" and AirBnB was "couch
         | surfing" and now is "unlicensed hotel".
        
       | andai wrote:
       | Don't scroll down.
        
       | swayvil wrote:
       | From the footnotes
       | 
       | >3] This is one reason people with a touch of Asperger's may have
       | an advantage in discovering new ideas. They're always flying on
       | instruments
       | 
       | On the contrary, it is everybody else who is flying on
       | instruments. The sperg sees straight.
        
         | anotha1 wrote:
         | Maybe he meant to say we're observing the rules via mental
         | systems(instruments) we developed to "fit in" instead of
         | whatever neuro-typs use.
        
           | swayvil wrote:
           | I interpreted"flying on instruments" as employing an
           | abstraction-layer (insulative, enculturated, solipsistic
           | even) vs direct-observation.
        
             | zug_zug wrote:
             | So for some context, "flying on instruments" is considered
             | much better in flight. A fair number of novice pilots kill
             | themselves because they get lost in clouds and get
             | emotional and think they aren't level anymore.
             | 
             | The instrument tells them they are level, but they get
             | paranoid and either stall or crash because they don't trust
             | that the machine is more reliable than their emotions, even
             | when it's drilled into them.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | qshaman wrote:
       | He is an investor on this "crazy new idea" , I don't believe him,
       | he is just hustling his audience and trying to create hype about
       | a product that is neither new nor competitive. People like Guido
       | van Rossum , James Gosling , Bjarne Stroustrup , just to mention
       | a few, have contributed way more to the field and have earned the
       | respect of millions , you don't see them hyping crappy startups
       | for a few bucks (billions* ) . I do respect the founders , and
       | understand the have worked hard on this project , I just don't
       | think that just working hard on something makes it good , or
       | whatever Paul Graham says is something I should accept as truth.
        
         | SheinhardtWigCo wrote:
         | > he is just hustling his audience
         | 
         | And doing an extremely effective job of it. Getting readers to
         | feel _something_ is the whole game. Paul and Suhail know the
         | default reaction to this idea is "well that's dumb".
         | Encouraging and exploiting heated conversation around that is a
         | smart move.
        
           | qshaman wrote:
           | yeah, good point. The saddest part is, I'm confident that
           | people will buy into that "crazy idea" and before you know
           | it, they have a 4B valuation. VCs always win, even when they
           | loose.
        
             | drclau wrote:
             | In today's startup and VC ecosystem, they've already won.
             | They don't have to ever become profitable, they just need
             | to get money from their friends and connections, forever.
             | 
             | I don't recall who said this (if anyone does, please do
             | share!), but it goes something like this: if you reach
             | Series F, it means exactly what you think it means. Well,
             | not anymore. It won't be long until we'll exhaust the
             | alphabet for funding series names, and we'll go two
             | letters.
             | 
             | And this is not even a critique of PG. It's just what the
             | VC and startup ecosystem seems to have become. If anything,
             | YC does seem to be a sort of counterbalance to this trend.
        
             | aerosmile wrote:
             | Sooo... it seems like you've got it all figured out. But
             | from the bitterness in your voice, it doesn't seem to be
             | the case.
             | 
             | I remember being at a similar point in my life - the
             | success of other people seemed so different from mine that
             | the game definitely felt like it was rigged. And of course
             | it was rigged to some extent given the human nature, but
             | there truly is a way to take advantage of the parts of the
             | game that are a more of a level playing field than anything
             | we've ever experienced since the dawn of humanity. And the
             | first step towards getting there is to be less bitter and
             | more inquisitive. If you think you got the VC industry all
             | figured out but you can't get it to work in your favor,
             | then clearly there's a mismatch in your thinking.
        
         | AbrahamParangi wrote:
         | This is such an uncharitable read that I think it's doing you a
         | disservice.
         | 
         | I recommend imagining "what frame of mind or perspective would
         | PG need to have to _honestly_ believe what he's saying?"
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | All of the people you mention are examples of the sort of folks
         | the article mentions - domain experts with a "crazy new idea".
        
       | anotha1 wrote:
       | Looks like pg discovered consensus vs non-consensus ideas[1],
       | good for him.
       | 
       | [1] https://medium.com/entrepreneurship-at-work/non-consensus-
       | ba...
        
       | dools wrote:
       | The most important idea like this in the world right now is
       | expounded in the book The Deficit Myth by Stephanie Kelton which
       | everyone should read. MMT fits this article exactly except for
       | the fact that PG says it doesn't extend beyond "hard sciences".
       | It also extends to the dismal science
        
       | npsimons wrote:
       | > When the average person proposes an implausible-sounding idea,
       | its implausibility is evidence of their incompetence.
       | 
       | I mean, this is basically QAnon, antivaxxers, creationists and
       | trickle-down economists in a nutshell. That said . . .
       | 
       | > Are they mistaken, or are you? One of you has to be.
       | 
       | By default I assume I'm in the wrong. There's just so many
       | domains of knowledge, the probability of me having enough depth
       | of even more than a handful is highly unlikely. The hard part is
       | distinguishing those who are domain experts, and those who are
       | not, when you are not a domain expert.
       | 
       | > If you're the one who's mistaken, that would be good to know,
       | because it means there's a hole in your model of the world.
       | 
       | And I _love_ viewing everything as a mental model, because, well,
       | it is, plus models are plastic: they can be changed. Asimov 's
       | "Relativity of Wrong" comes to mind.
        
       | 21eleven wrote:
       | I think there is some evolutionary psychology at play in people's
       | bias against "Crazy New Ideas". A human hunting and gathering on
       | a savanna with a crazy new idea is likely to be killed by a lion
       | or starve. Sure the new ideas sometimes were breakthroughs but
       | the idea-haver's peers likely experienced strong selective
       | pressure to wait until there was good evidence that an idea was
       | unlikely to get one killed before endorsing it and practicing it
       | themselves.
       | 
       | In modern times we should feel more safe to have "Crazy New
       | Ideas", we probably need them to solve many of the problems our
       | world faces today. But we are biased against new ideas since our
       | brains have evolved to see them associated with negative outcomes
       | like death by lion or exile from the tribe. There is a lower risk
       | of death by big cat today so people should feel more willing to
       | have an celebrate new ideas.
        
       | bestinterest wrote:
       | Very interesting. This sounds like a response to the Mighty [0]
       | launch which Paul Graham has been defending on twitter recently
       | after an outcry from some of the 'hardcore' developers such as
       | Jonathan Blow [1] and Casey [2].
       | 
       | [0] https://www.mightyapp.com/
       | 
       | [1] https://twitter.com/Jonathan_Blow/status/1387101172230672389
       | 
       | [2] https://twitter.com/cmuratori/status/1387645578067124224
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | My hang up with Mighty isn't about their idea or their
         | technology or their execution. It's impressive to see what
         | they've done.
         | 
         | My issue is that it's not a product I could feel good
         | recommending to anyone, at least at the high pricing that was
         | proposed in the last discussion. In an era of $999 M1 Macs (and
         | even cheaper AMD laptops) and readily available financing
         | options, it doesn't make sense for anyone to throw their money
         | away at a SaaS service that simply cannot perform as well as
         | local Chrome on a modern machine.
         | 
         | I could see the narrow use case for limited situations where
         | someone has
         | 
         | 1. Weird IT department restrictions that require them to use
         | old, slow computers but also
         | 
         | 2. Budget rules that allow them to spend monthly money on a
         | SaaS but not on financing the hardware they need to get their
         | job done and
         | 
         | 3. Guaranteed high speed internet all of the time and
         | 
         | 4. An IT/corporate security department that is okay with them
         | sending all of their keystrokes, login info, and browser data
         | to a 3rd party service
         | 
         | Surely this situation exists, but it still feels like Mighty is
         | targeting a broader audience by providing untrue claims about
         | remote thin client technology somehow being faster than a
         | halfway decent local machine. I'd feel equally uncomfortable if
         | Stadia was charging $50/month while claiming to be lower
         | latency than local gaming.
         | 
         | The counter arguments about disrespecting hard working startup
         | founders or doubting visionaries feel like a strawman response
         | to legitimate questions about the value of their service. The
         | technology and execution look to be good, AFAICT. It's the
         | product, pricing, messaging, and value that I can't recommend.
        
           | pantulis wrote:
           | I was going to try Mighty but even in my somewhat relaxed
           | work environment item 4 is not really solved by Mighty apart
           | from "we will not access your data". Obviously they are very
           | smart and will surely be working on E2E encryption but they
           | do not seem to have it.
        
             | IAmLiterallyAB wrote:
             | > E2E encryption
             | 
             | How on earth would that work for their product? They need
             | to access the data so they can render it.
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | Surely that could happen client side.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | The whole value proposition is that the beefy remote
               | machine is handling the rendering, isn't it? At least
               | half the performance of a web page is wasted on DOM re-
               | shuffling.
               | 
               | Not to mention, it's not like Chrome can run Javascript
               | without looking at the data, and if they're not running
               | Chrome, they'll start getting into compatibility issues.
        
           | DharmaPolice wrote:
           | >4. An IT/corporate security department that is okay with
           | them sending all of their keystrokes, login info, and browser
           | data to a 3rd party service
           | 
           | Or just an IT/security department that is blissfully unaware
           | of the shenanigans that some of its users are up to.
           | Especially if people are accessing this from outside of the
           | corporate network to start with.
        
           | twobitshifter wrote:
           | RE: 4.
           | 
           | My company uses webmarshal which fronts requests and blocks
           | pages deemed not good for productivity/data security. In that
           | type of situation you already have an intermediary so mighty
           | could make sense - make everyone use mighty and give it a
           | custom blocklist. Obviously not a situation that employees
           | would be a fan of, but it's something that corporate is
           | already doing, and mighty could improve the experience.
        
           | mchusma wrote:
           | I agree with your stance. I was confused to come here and
           | read that people thought he was referring to Mighty. I think
           | Mighty is a pretty small, easily proven/disproven, not-crazy
           | idea, not-that-new idea, with niche applications. To me that
           | is a bit different than how this article reads. I think the
           | debate is market size. The only real debate I hear with
           | Mighty is whether it is good for <10M people worldwide or >1B
           | people worldwide.
        
           | andy_ppp wrote:
           | No but it makes a lot of sense for Mighty App to be the
           | middleman between your computer and the Internet. If I was
           | them I'd just give it away for free and sell your data to
           | Facebook (anonymously of course!)...
        
         | d_burfoot wrote:
         | I follow Blow's work and opinions quite closely. I am quite
         | confident he was NOT criticizing Mighty specifically. Instead
         | he was deploring the state of software engineering in general
         | and web programming in particular. He is saying something like
         | "I can't believe web engineering sucks so bad that a tool like
         | Mighty actually makes sense". See his talk about preventing the
         | end of civilization (!!):
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pW-SOdj4Kkk
        
         | elbasti wrote:
         | I am actually in Mighty's market if it cost ~$10usd per month,
         | not $50.
         | 
         | At our startup we have a small org of customer service reps.
         | They basically live in four tools: Notion, Slack, Chrome, and
         | Front.
         | 
         | These four tools have one thing in common: they are all
         | Electron apps. They SUCK. On any windows computer slower than a
         | $1.5K lenovo, our reps can't have more than ~10 tabs open
         | before their computer starts to stutter.
         | 
         | One answer would be to buy everyone an M1 mac. However, most of
         | these reps are not familiar with apple (they use PCs at home) +
         | they are still a bit _too_ expensive (we 're in Mexico where
         | they cost 1.5 - 2x).
         | 
         | I would _love_ to be able to buy our customer service reps a
         | setup (monitor + mouse + computer) for ~$500 USD and have them
         | use Mighty to run our customer service suite for $10-$15 bucks
         | a month. That would scale to a customer service org of
         | hundreds.
         | 
         | At $50 bucks a month I should just buy them a mac.
         | 
         | IMHO Suhail's pitch about "running figma" is wrong. I'm happy
         | to buy a designer _any_ computer they want. But outfitting a
         | CSR team of 50+ people? Mighty + a thin client would be
         | amazing.
        
           | easton wrote:
           | You can probably buy them a VDI desktop for $20 per month
           | (Amazon Workspaces and Windows Virtual Desktop on Azure are
           | in this ballpark) and run Chrome on that. Especially with
           | WVD, there are thin clients made specifically for it (or you
           | can just use an RDP client on any OS).
        
           | username90 wrote:
           | Can't you buy a decent desktop and have them chromote into
           | it? A desktop should be more than enough to run the apps of
           | many people.
           | 
           | Edit: Although, I'm not sure it supports multiple separate
           | logins.
        
           | tsimionescu wrote:
           | Well, if the Lenovo or Apple M1 were 3.5 to 5 times cheaper,
           | they'd also be a good deal, right? In fact, they'd be a
           | better deal than a 5 times cheaper Mighty, I would wager.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | Then you'll simply have to wait a few months.
           | 
           | They didn't reveal their true business model or pricing yet.
           | 
           | The $50 subscription is a way to simply not flood their
           | servers while beta-testing them, and also getting a bit of
           | money from rich/dumb early adopters.
        
             | aboodman wrote:
             | If that were the case you'd expect them to reply to the
             | several beta test requests this rich/dumb early adopter has
             | sent over the last year+.
        
               | stephc_int13 wrote:
               | Maybe the tech was not yet ready?
               | 
               | Fake it until you make it is still a thing in Silicon
               | Valley.
        
           | notsureaboutpg wrote:
           | >At $50 bucks a month I should just buy them a mac.
           | 
           | Yeah, agreed. I kind of thought the savvy business plan would
           | be to charge at a loss, make up the loss with VC money,
           | gather a lot of market share (customers like you), then raise
           | the price once the pain of moving off is too high
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | How long before the $500 Lenovos and Dells have same ballpark
           | performance to the 2021 M1 Macs? AMD or NVidia will
           | inevitably release an ARM chip that competes with M1, and it
           | will just be 12-24 months before this is commonplace.
           | 
           | I don't buy the argument that performance will always get
           | tapped out by developers. There is an upper limit to what
           | even a horribly architected 2D web app needs to consume.
        
             | elbasti wrote:
             | Maybe! Hopefully! But it begs the question: why is the
             | situation so bad now? What will change? It's not like the
             | apps I mentioned are inherently complicated.
        
               | chrisco255 wrote:
               | I think the situation is bad because developers are
               | expensive, and really expert devs that know how to
               | optimize app performance are even more expensive. You
               | mention Notion and Slack and other Electron apps. Not to
               | disparage the teams on these projects as they are
               | impressive from a pure UX perspective. But building these
               | complex apps cross-platform native is particularly
               | difficult today. So Electron is used as a shortcut. The
               | usage of Electron allowed Slack and Notion to grow
               | rapidly with a smaller team than they otherwise would
               | were they to try to replicate in Windows, Linux and Mac
               | as well as web... not to mention mobile. And once an app
               | is established and has tons of features, as they both do,
               | doing a rewrite is both expensive and risky. Big rewrites
               | almost always fail, and they divide your precious dev
               | resources even more.
        
         | Pxtl wrote:
         | I'm not upset about Mighty itself - I'm sure it's a fine
         | product made by some decent people.
         | 
         | No, I'm upset that Mighty is necessary. That we, as an
         | industry, have failed so hard that multi-gigahertz mult-core
         | machines with gigabytes of ram can no longer consistently and
         | quickly render documents without offloading it to a central
         | server.
        
         | lghh wrote:
         | I don't understand how Jonathan Blow of all people, figurehead
         | behind several great video games that would have been
         | impossible to run on a supercomputer 25 years ago, could
         | possible have this take.
        
           | ta_ca wrote:
           | you can't just compare a game and a web page. vastly
           | different requirements.
        
           | detaro wrote:
           | He is very much in the church of hand-optimized low-level
           | programming and anything that abstracts over that being where
           | computing is going wrong.
        
         | wildermuthn wrote:
         | It is fascinating to me how quickly people reject the premise
         | of Mighty, even after PG lists all the good reasons for
         | replacing judgment with curiosity.
         | 
         | I'll admit, my initial reaction to Mighty was "I can't imagine
         | it ever being faster than my behemoth PC." But then I stopped
         | for a second and got curious. What is Mighty, really? It is a
         | thin-client. That's it. And are thin-clients a bad thing? Well,
         | if latency is an issue, sure. But "high-ping" is a somewhat
         | solved issue, whether in multiplayer gaming, in terminal
         | utilities like Mosh, or even in optimistic GraphQL mutation
         | updates. Where's the use-case where near-zero latency is vital?
         | The only cases I can think of are games like Rocket League:
         | fast-twitch games where even the latency between my controller
         | and my PC is something I happily spend hours optimizing --
         | where latency prevents the necessary feedback loop for learning
         | (akin to trying to learn how to hit a baseball while drunk).
         | 
         | But beyond near-zero latency use-cases, why would a thick
         | client ever be better than a thin client? At the edge of
         | performance, this question is easily answered: I would never
         | attempt to train a PyTorch model on my admittedly powerful GPU.
         | That's what the cloud is for. So when it comes to my browser,
         | why am I content to eat up memory and cpu-time with hundreds of
         | tabs open that almost always include one or two that are
         | broken, soaking up my resources, and have to be hunted down and
         | killed off so that IntelliJ can return to its normal lightning-
         | fast speed?
         | 
         | Might goes even further and asks why I would want to run
         | IntelliJ on my machine at all. Wouldn't I rather run IntelliJ
         | like I used to run Vim over Mosh, where I never have to worry
         | about storage space, about download/upload bandwidth, or about
         | my computer becoming sluggish?
         | 
         | And that's the killer idea here: that thin-clients almost
         | always beat thick-clients. One could even argue that the entire
         | internet is premised upon this reality.
         | 
         | I'd happily pay Mighty to try it out for a bit. Even if it
         | doesn't work, I've dropped more money of less fascinating
         | ideas. At the very least, I'm rooting for their success,
         | because it would change a lot more than how you consume content
         | over the internet.
        
           | dmitriid wrote:
           | > why would a thick client ever be better than a thin client?
           | 
           | Because thick client distribute the load among many computer.
           | With a thin client all that load is way more centralised.
           | 
           | > I would never attempt to train a PyTorch
           | 
           | No one is asking you to do that. We're talking about _Mighty_
           | , a thin client that:
           | 
           | - runs a beefy VM in the cloud
           | 
           | - runs a single app, Chrome, in that VM
           | 
           | - streams video to the client
           | 
           | If a million people run Chrome on their laptops and keep it
           | open for the entire day (and your browser is usually open
           | throughout the day), that's... just a million people with
           | their laptops.
           | 
           | If a million people run Chrome through Mighty, Mighty needs a
           | million VMs always open, and a million video streams, also
           | always open.
           | 
           | See how a thick client is better than a thin client?
        
           | sjg007 wrote:
           | This is the standard network computing paradigm. In the past
           | you had terminals connected to a mainframe etc.. Same thing.
           | X11/RDP and what not.
           | 
           | The biggest gain here is security, you won't ever run code
           | natively. The caveat is you also have to trust the host.
        
             | jgalt212 wrote:
             | > The biggest gain here is security, you won't ever run
             | code natively. The caveat is you also have to trust the
             | host.
             | 
             | That assumes any malware cannot bust out out of mightyapp's
             | sandbox to the host's host.
        
             | cmiles74 wrote:
             | The biggest gain is the security of all of the code running
             | on someone else's hardware.
             | 
             | The biggest loss is _also_ security: all of your
             | keystrokes, passwords, traffic, etc. are stored on someone
             | else 's hardware.
        
           | mbesto wrote:
           | > It is fascinating to me how quickly people reject the
           | premise of Mighty, even after PG lists all the good reasons
           | for replacing judgment with curiosity.
           | 
           | His arguments are too vague to specifically defend Mighty.
           | You can insert any technology and his arguments are neither
           | valid or invalid.
        
           | twobitshifter wrote:
           | I think the key difference between a pytorch model and your
           | browser is that you're actively using and manipulating your
           | browser and a pytorch model is a long running process without
           | the need for second by second interaction.
           | 
           | And as you note the need for more power goes beyond a
           | browser, IDEs, gaming, rendering, Bitcoin mining. Why just do
           | it for the browser? You can, and some people do, remote into
           | a more powerful machine for all of their work. This was the
           | norm when terminals were true terminals. We could go back to
           | this, but having your own computer historically had much
           | larger benefits for people.
        
           | xfer wrote:
           | The post is about crazy-new idea. This app is a RDP solution
           | that is not a crazy or a new idea. It all depends on economic
           | viability and marketing to the right people.
        
           | tsimionescu wrote:
           | > Where's the use-case where near-zero latency is vital?
           | 
           | I would say typing is a pretty big one. It is extraordinarily
           | unpleasant when typing lag is anywhere above maybe 50ms,and
           | even worse when it is variable, like it would inevitably be
           | if going over the Internet. It's even worse with mouse
           | movements, where occasional spikes in lag can ruin your day.
        
             | wildermuthn wrote:
             | This is a solved problem though, with optimistic updates.
             | See Mosh, which does this for the terminal. If you've ever
             | had to run Vim on a high-latency remote connection, it
             | feels like having superpowers.
        
           | finnthehuman wrote:
           | >even after PG lists all the good reasons for replacing
           | judgment with curiosity
           | 
           | PG wants you to think that they're mutually exclusive.
           | They're not, but he has a product to hustle.
           | 
           | The problem (for PG) is that curiosity is not uncritical.
           | _Curiosity_ poses more questions than those in the category
           | "how well does this product work?" Anyone actually curious is
           | going to wonder about the problem space, not just one
           | proposed solution.
           | 
           | Pretty obvious questions include: "how did software get us to
           | the point we're exploring this as a design?" and "could the
           | problem it seeks to solve be addressed in a way that
           | eliminates assumptions about the solution space?", "What are
           | peripheral ramifications of design decisions, and how much do
           | I care?" "Would other approaches solve the same issues, have
           | the same ramifications?" or "Are they synergies to leverage
           | by trying multiple things in concert?"
        
           | nearbuy wrote:
           | > I'll admit, my initial reaction to Mighty was "I can't
           | imagine it ever being faster than my behemoth PC."
           | 
           | I haven't found Chrome slow on my mid-range PC (i5-7500). Or
           | my phone (Pixel 3).
           | 
           | I feel like I must be in some parallel universe to everyone
           | else talking about how slow Chrome is.
           | 
           | Just now, I loaded the first 6 links on Hacker News. 1 didn't
           | load at all due to a server error. The other 5 all loaded in
           | under a second (measured by DOMContentLoaded). I have uBlock
           | Origin enabled (only in Firefox on the phone). Maybe that
           | helps.
           | 
           | I can have 100+ tabs open without slow down if I want to. The
           | bigger problem is I'm less productive with 100 tabs open
           | because... there are 100 tabs open. It's just too cluttered.
           | 
           | I'm willing to admit Mighty might be a good product if people
           | have this problem with slow browsers. I just never found this
           | was an issue. Maybe it's a problem on low-end machines, but
           | how many people have a low-end computer but are willing to
           | pay $50/month for Mighty?
        
             | chubot wrote:
             | Do you use AdBlock? That makes a huge difference.
             | 
             | I just set up a new computer and I was wondering why Chrome
             | and Firefox was so slow. Then I remembered I hadn't set up
             | AdBlock yet.
             | 
             | I wonder if Mighty has ad blocking? It's an interesting
             | question of which will be better for their business --
             | blocking or no blocking. (I won't try it because of the
             | obvious privacy problems, because I use a fast computer,
             | and avoid slow web sites. But it probably has an audience.)
        
               | nearbuy wrote:
               | I use uBlock Origin for ad blocking. Maybe ad blockers
               | are the secret.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | > It is fascinating to me how quickly people reject the
           | premise of Mighty, even after PG lists all the good reasons
           | for replacing judgment with curiosity.
           | 
           | I was curious about Mighty and looking forward to their
           | technology. That's not the problem.
           | 
           | The judgment came largely when they announced that it cost up
           | to $600/year. It costs so much that it's actually cheaper to
           | buy a whole new computer if you might need it for a year or
           | more. Once you put a price tag on something and ask people to
           | pay for it, judgment is fair game.
           | 
           | This whole dismissal of people saying that they couldn't
           | justify the product for the price as some sort of anti-
           | curiosity thing feels disingenuous.
        
             | chubot wrote:
             | If people will pay 2x or 10x the price of self-hosting for
             | AWS, then I have no doubt that some people will pay 2x or
             | 10x the price of a laptop for Mighty. (I wouldn't, but I
             | also don't use AWS :) )
        
           | gargs wrote:
           | You just described a Netbook
        
           | Secretmapper wrote:
           | What's mosh?
           | 
           | Edit: Managed to find the right string of words to google:
           | mosh = Mobile Shell
        
             | detaro wrote:
             | https://mosh.org/
        
         | moultano wrote:
         | I did not take Jonathan Blow's tweet to be saying it's a bad
         | idea, or won't work, but rather that it's an indictment of the
         | whole web stack that it's necessary.
        
         | runako wrote:
         | I have no dog in the fight either way, but I think it's weird
         | that their demo product shots are on a Mac when part of their
         | pitch is
         | 
         | > "50+ tabs without your computer coming to a crawl"
         | 
         | On Macs, people can just switch to Safari for free and solve
         | that problem. Yes, Chrome is a memory hog. Stop using Chrome,
         | don't send all your browsing data to a third party.
         | 
         | Perhaps Windows would be a better choice for Mighty demo shots,
         | since there may not have a better option than Chrome for
         | Windows.
        
           | mstipetic wrote:
           | I just bought an used Lenovo desktop that's a few years old,
           | but has an i7 and 32gb of ram. It handles a hundred tabs
           | without blinking. I think the bigger problem is the
           | artificial constraint we've put on ram, why are we still
           | selling computers with 8gb of ram?
        
         | anotha1 wrote:
         | Mighty is a good idea, marketed to the wrong people. I mean,
         | who wouldn't just upgrade their computer? New software is a
         | cost, even if it's "free."
         | 
         | I'm sure there's a niche, though. Like low-paid workers needing
         | to do a lot on their crappy personal machines.
        
           | bhouston wrote:
           | I think that corporations may want to force all their users
           | to use Mighty so that they can control exactly what goes on
           | in the browser -- it is easier to pay Mighty to "virtualize"
           | the browser, than it is to keep all computers up to date and
           | without malicious extensions.
           | 
           | Maybe even prevent browsers from downloading files onto the
           | local computer. A full recording of each user's sessions.
           | Integrated password manager that uses the Mighty login to tie
           | them all together.
           | 
           | So I view it as valuable to corporations and thus mighty
           | falls into the B2B category of company which makes software
           | end users hate, but corporations love.
           | 
           | Probably a fair bit of money in that.
        
             | dd36 wrote:
             | Don't they already do this with VMs for less cost?
        
             | calvin_ wrote:
             | Except VDI products for enterprise already exist and are
             | _much_ cheaper than Mighty. AWS, Citrix, VMware, and
             | probably others play in this space.
        
             | vishnugupta wrote:
             | > easier to pay Mighty to "virtualize" the browser, than it
             | is to keep all computers up to date and without malicious
             | extensions.
             | 
             | Not denying your other points but Amazon Workspaces[1] is a
             | product that perfectly fits their needs.
             | 
             | From a top-level exec's stand point I would imagine they
             | would be more willing to buy something like Amazon
             | Workspaces which gives them 100% control and peace of mind
             | Vs piecemeal approach such as browser, conference call
             | client etc.,
             | 
             | [1] https://aws.amazon.com/workspaces
        
           | blocked_again wrote:
           | Do you think low paid workers are going buy a cheap laptop
           | for 500$ and pay 30$ or 50$ per month for Mighty instead of
           | just getting a more powerful Window laptop for like 1000$ or
           | 1500$?
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | M1 macs can be had for $999, and they can even be bought
             | with cheap financing options to convert it to a monthly
             | payment.
             | 
             | Maybe there's a market for people stuck on old computers
             | but whose companies still spring for super fast internet
             | and $50/month SaaS bills per user instead of just spending
             | that same money (or less) financing the laptops they
             | actually need, but it would be a small market.
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | Is it just the price that's the problem? What if Might were
             | $30 to $50 per year?
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | There was this product[1] to browse internet offline by
         | downloading something called "Web Packs". This was back in 2005
         | just when I was graduating when I spoke to the founding team.
         | They were naturally quite confident about the product taking
         | off. Something seemed off to me I couldn't point out what so I
         | didn't take the job offer. After all these years I realized the
         | source my discomfort. They were actually betting _against_ the
         | speed of internet getting better. While most of the businesses
         | like Amazon, Google were betting for the internet tech to
         | improve this product did exactly the opposite.
         | 
         | To me Mighty sounds like a similar category of product. They
         | are betting that PC/Laptop/Mobile hardware will stagnate from
         | this point on. Exactly when Apple has launched M1, which blows
         | the previous version out of the water, at a non crazy price.
         | From this point it's a matter of time other hardware also
         | catches up in terms of performance and price.
         | 
         | Besides, yet another company to handover my entire browsing
         | history and data for purported improvement in latency? I don't
         | know.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webaroo
        
           | weasel_words wrote:
           | "They are betting that PC/Laptop/Mobile hardware will
           | stagnate from this point on."
           | 
           | Me playing the devils advocate...
           | 
           | Perhaps not //forever//, but perhaps for the next few years
           | (enough for them to make some good money).
           | 
           | Why? Chip shortage, GPU shortage.
           | 
           | Anecdotally, I just bought a computer for $7500, that, two
           | years ago would have cost about $2500 (granted, it is the new
           | tech, but even so, new tech of this tier two years ago would
           | have been approx. $2500). On top of that, have to wait two
           | months for it to be assembled. (ouch)
           | 
           | I agree with you that speed will probably not stop
           | increasing, but if prices continue to go up, or even just
           | level off, few people will be able to afford the new tech.
           | 
           | That being said, would I invest in Mighty? No since I agree
           | with you in general....and agree with you about the zero
           | privacy issue...very regressive position for someone like PG
           | imo.
        
             | samstave wrote:
             | What if the future is that you don't necessarily just buy a
             | machine in the future.
             | 
             | What if, when you purchase your machine, it includes a host
             | of features including a could suite of things like; VPN,
             | Cloud Browser, An actual amount of decent cloud storage,
             | portable applications, hosted in your cloud bucket, but
             | accessible from any device (If I have Illustrator, I can
             | just run it from any machine - not just my own. I can allow
             | guest access to my paid licenses - like Say i want my
             | brother to be able to draw stuff on my Illustrator license
             | while I am not using it.
             | 
             | Etc.
             | 
             | Imagine if instead of that $7,500 "computer" you bought a
             | $7,500 'stack' and the access terminal you happen to be
             | using most is the physical laptop that youre used to.
             | 
             | I tried to build something similar to this more than a
             | decade ago (2007 or so - but wrote about it in 2004).
             | 
             | My biggest issue is better information/knowledge
             | management.
             | 
             | I have TBs of files and data strewn all over. We should be
             | focusing on "my information" and let me manage and secure
             | that - and access it from any device easily, and securely.
        
               | frozencell wrote:
               | If augmented reality tech works better the necessity of
               | cloud as your machine will become ubiquitous.
               | 
               | However I think we gonna do have RTX in our mobile
               | devices - AR glasses, whatever modern mobile tech -
               | because of decentralization (security/ethics purpose)
        
             | easton wrote:
             | That assumes that AWS/Azure/GCP won't have the same issues
             | getting chips to run Mighty on that PC manufacturers have
             | getting chips to sell to consumers though. If the shortage
             | keeps up, that is not necessarily true.
        
           | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
           | Couldn't they instead be betting that despite improvements in
           | hardware speed the web will bloat faster than the hardware
           | improves? Betting on that doesn't sound that crazy to me.
        
             | vishnugupta wrote:
             | That is indeed one of their premise. However that also has,
             | perhaps unforeseen, implications. To start with, their VMs
             | have to be at least one step better than the end consumer's
             | machine. Can they do it without increasing their price?
             | Secondly, there's no guarantee that developers will
             | overwhelm even Mighty's cloud resources?
             | 
             | All that said, it's worth noting that the first set of
             | customers seem super impressed. So maybe Mighty are on to
             | something.
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | The Mighty model is timesharing CPUs. At least 80% of the
           | time my computer isn't even used. And when I use it, I doubt
           | average load is over 25%. So the Mighty model has a 20x
           | utilization advantage by those numbers.
           | 
           | That should easily support twice the peak CPU power for me
           | when I need it.
           | 
           | Another thing is that the Mighty CPUs will (presumably) be
           | upgraded continuously, while my laptop CPU gets no faster
           | after purchase. If that makes me only buy a new laptop every
           | 4 years instead of 2, I've saved a lot of money and hassle.
           | 
           | I'm not saying this means Mighty will conquer the world. But
           | there are reasonable arguments behind the model. Especially
           | if you assume bandwidth will keep improving.
        
             | e12e wrote:
             | > The Mighty model is timesharing CPUs.
             | 
             | Yeah, but I think it's better to think about it like
             | virtual/remote desktops, where the granularity is a browser
             | tab.
             | 
             | At least, that's the only way it makes sense to me. I might
             | understand that to do 4k high res 3d on my phone - my phone
             | will need help. And once that "help" is available - my TV,
             | and my tablet and my smart watch can make use of it.
             | 
             | But I'm not generally willing to trade latency for cpu time
             | sharing. What _is_ interesting is an always on, always
             | working desktop session. It 's why I like screen/tmux and
             | ssh, rdp - and would consider running a Linux terminal
             | server, so my laptop(s) and desktop(s) could be a disk
             | less, stateless thin client.
             | 
             | Make the observation that the browser tab is the new
             | process/application granuality - and it makes sense to host
             | tabs in the cloud.
             | 
             | Personally I'd want to self host it - but the idea doesn't
             | sound quite so inane.
        
             | topaz0 wrote:
             | >> And when I use it, I doubt average load is over 25%.
             | 
             | So the idea is you can get your laptop utilization down to
             | 1% by pushing your load to their cloud? Fascinating.
        
             | mattnewton wrote:
             | Hmm, I feel like this is missing that those cpu workloads
             | are "bursty", and probably all burst around the same time
             | for a given region. This analysis of unused computer time
             | assumes they can sell your unused time to someone else,
             | which either means network latency to another region or
             | more capacity in the same region as you when you have
             | similar usage times as everyone else. I have no idea if
             | this idea works but I don't think it does for that reason.
        
             | dmitriid wrote:
             | >The Mighty model is timesharing CPUs.
             | 
             | It's not. It's literally spinning up a VM in the cloud to
             | run Chrome and stream a video to you
             | 
             | > At least 80% of the time my computer isn't even used.
             | 
             | Yes, but Mighty isn't running (and will never run) on
             | _your_ computer.
        
               | 55555 wrote:
               | Wow you are really not understanding the comment you are
               | replying to. He's discussing the business model.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | And I've responded with the _reality_ of the business
               | model. There 's no "CPU sharing" on "my computer". It's a
               | beefy VM in the cloud.
               | 
               | Well, it most likely shares the CPU with other VMs, but
               | that depends on the cloud, and the instance. And since
               | the browser is always open, Mighty will always run that
               | VM, with no sharing:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27063554
        
           | tomhoward wrote:
           | > They are betting that PC/Laptop/Mobile hardware will
           | stagnate from this point on
           | 
           | No, they are betting that no matter the processing power of
           | computing devices of the day, developers will always push
           | things to the limit and ship products that can end up being
           | slow on devices used by a large share of the population.
           | 
           | This has always happened, because software product makers
           | always want their products to have as many
           | features/capabilities as possible, and release them to market
           | as quickly/cheaply as possible, which means there are lesser
           | incentives to limit functionality or to invest in performance
           | optimisation.
           | 
           | There's no reason to believe this trend will cease, so Mighty
           | is offering a service that allows people to get much higher
           | performance of their webapps without always needing to have
           | the highest-power computing device in their possession.
        
             | vishnugupta wrote:
             | > developers will always push things to the limit
             | 
             | Agree, it's an arms race at this point between end
             | consumers and app developers. However, it also means once
             | Mighty becomes popular they have to contend with developers
             | overwhelming their computing resources as well.
        
         | blocked_again wrote:
         | Yeah. Also, Suhail Doshi, the founder of Mighty, is mentioned
         | as one of the people who draft read this essay.
        
           | gustavo-fring wrote:
           | Graham does this often. Instead of directly saying what he
           | wants to say, he beats around the bush. When Allred was
           | getting criticized for shady business practices, Graham wrote
           | haters and thanked him and Musk and a bunch of other people.
           | Not sure why he does it, it is very underhanded, as though
           | he's afraid of actually getting in a legit argument with the
           | person. Easier to pontificate form his essays, have them
           | posted to his website, then have the mods defend him.
           | 
           | "Essay is french for attempt." There are good and there are
           | bad attempts, of course.
        
             | herendin2 wrote:
             | I think he genuinely believes these issues are much broader
             | than a single company. So he wants to encourage discussion
             | about the general issue, instead of sparking even more
             | unproductive, repetitive argument about a single company
             | which would overshadow the broader and more interesting
             | issue he sees.
             | 
             | (As we can see here, where a quarter of the comments are
             | debating the business model of Mighty.)
        
             | domnomnom wrote:
             | Probably terrified of outrage mobs.
        
         | zitterbewegung wrote:
         | We have game streaming services from NVIDIA and amazon has had
         | Amazon workspaces. With the global chip shortage which will
         | affect a large amount of people I think that this would be the
         | best time to prove your product to have a good effect.
         | 
         | Not only that but a great amount of people here live in a
         | literal tech bubble and we believe that everyone has a
         | reasonably fast laptop or can setup a large workstation.
        
           | schmorptron wrote:
           | Geforce now or even renting an entire computer with shadow is
           | for graphics performance, and is not 30 bucks a month. You
           | also won't be entering any sensitive data while playing
           | games. I think it's a cool thing they've done, but it
           | requires you to put full trust into them as a company.
        
           | hoppyhoppy2 wrote:
           | We have a game streaming service from Google, too (Stadia)...
           | which is apparently struggling.
        
           | meheleventyone wrote:
           | > Not only that but a great amount of people here live in a
           | literal tech bubble and we believe that everyone has a
           | reasonably fast laptop or can setup a large workstation.
           | 
           | By that same token the average persons browsing habits are
           | also not the same. Optimising for Chrome power users who have
           | eleventy billion tabs open and run hefty web apps isn't the
           | normal usecase. My families browsing is mostly taken care of
           | on a 2012 MBP and a couple of ancient iPads. Mighty would be
           | functionally useless for us.
           | 
           | Heck my entire day is spent in Chrome working in Drive and
           | writing code in our own development environment in our web
           | app. I am a browser power user in that sense on a three year
           | old gaming laptop and I don't understand the Mighty usecase.
           | It's a niche within a niche at the moment although I
           | understand the appeal of the business model.
        
         | thundergolfer wrote:
         | If a "Crazy New Idea" (CNI) is getting VC funding from
         | establishment tech capital to deliver a twist in an existing
         | product, it doesn't seem like it could be so crazy.
         | 
         | Reading this I thought of CNIs like the Internet of the 1980s,
         | women's suffrage in the 19th century, Project Mercury, The
         | Eiffel Tower.
         | 
         | The CNIs gaining ground today in tech seem to be crypto, brain-
         | computer-interfaces, quantum computing, and CRISPR gene
         | editing.
        
         | busymom0 wrote:
         | If there was a similar offering as mighty for certain
         | development tools including Xcode and android studio together,
         | that would be awesome and something I would look into.
         | Basically something which would reduce the build times.
        
         | AussieWog93 wrote:
         | From what I understand of both the recent tweets and both of
         | their fairly radical/extreme (and mostly correct) views about
         | abstraction being a net negative, the criticism is less "Mighty
         | doesn't work" and more "We shouldn't need to use an app like
         | Mighty to get good performance on a basic website".
        
           | paulgb wrote:
           | Sure, but the disconnect seems to be that Mighty is
           | advertised for people who essentially use their browser as an
           | OS (I see Figma mentioned a lot), rather than people who just
           | want to do basic browsing.
           | 
           | I think Mighty has unfairly taken the brunt of a lot of
           | growing discontent with bloat on the web. I'm not ready to
           | fork over $30+ for faster browsing, but I'm glad someone is
           | working in this space, because I genuinely _would_ like to
           | rent a fast virtual computer for the occasional video editing
           | task and think Mighty is a step in that direction.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | > I genuinely would like to rent a fast virtual computer
             | for the occasional video editing task and think Mighty is a
             | step in that direction.
             | 
             | Can't you already do that pretty easily on AWS or Azure?
        
               | paulgb wrote:
               | At minimum it seems like I'd have to choose an instance
               | size, an OS that was compatible with my software, install
               | the editing software, mount a common storage location
               | with my footage, etc.
               | 
               | What I'd like to see is a service that let me add my
               | credit card, click a button, and launch a video editor on
               | a high-RAM machine that I pay for the hour (including the
               | software license fee).
        
             | ta_ca wrote:
             | unfairly? privacy concerns aside they just added another
             | huge abstraction on top of an already huge pile of shit we
             | call modern web.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | antipauline wrote:
       | Why are you all upvoting this shit?
       | 
       | Just because Paul Graham wrote it, doesn't mean it's worth
       | reading. Usually the opposite, in fact.
       | 
       | You people need to lay off the PG cultism. Stop worshipping every
       | word he writes just because you idolize his riches, or want to be
       | him, or whatever.
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | You actually add credibility to his writing because you make it
         | obvious that you don't actually have a counter argument.
        
           | tnzm wrote:
           | Burden of proof, my dude.
        
           | flunhat wrote:
           | How can you effectively counter an essay with so many empty
           | generalizations and broad assertions? It would be like
           | debating jello.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | Well you could say that instead of going after the author.
        
           | Igelau wrote:
           | I recall "Dr. Gene Ray" defending the credibility of Time
           | Cube on similar grounds. There wasn't enough of an idea
           | presented to even have an argument about.
        
         | bonoboTP wrote:
         | Fully agreed. A lazy article all-round. Where are the examples?
         | Where are the pitfalls?
         | 
         | Is the insight merely that some wacky ideas turn out to be
         | right sometimes?
         | 
         | Yeah, sure so how can we tell in advance? How is this
         | actionable? And his answer is: listen to _reasonable domain
         | experts_. That phrase is doing some real heavy lifting there...
        
           | shmageggy wrote:
           | Pretty much all of his articles are similarly lazy (edit: and
           | usually articles from other top SV folks). I'm always
           | astonished that people upvote his stuff. I've come to think
           | of it as an HN tax: we get a well-moderated forum with
           | otherwise good content and in return we have to scroll past
           | one extra article every month or so.
        
             | bonoboTP wrote:
             | > I've come to think of it as an HN tax
             | 
             | That's a great way to put it!
             | 
             | All this stuff about Copernicus, Darwin, Galileo... You're
             | not revolutionizing our understanding of humanity's place
             | in the universe... You're buying companies that make
             | filesharing apps and (often untaxed) hostel booking
             | websites.
        
         | wrnr wrote:
         | You are being unfair, its not any better then most HN articles,
         | fits here just fine if you ask me
        
           | the_only_law wrote:
           | I agree that it fits here just fine (more than a lot of the
           | crap that hits the front page) but I also agree with the OP
           | that the "cultism" is annoying, not that I expect anything
           | else given his association with the company that created HN.
        
         | ta_ca wrote:
         | pg is one of the people introduced me to lisp and i think lisp
         | is the greatest idea in computer science. so his ideas have
         | some weight for me, but lately the disconnect is quite
         | unbearable. he is again picking the wrong side in history.
         | 
         | will these supervillians ever stop? nothing less than world-
         | domination is enough.
         | 
         | microsoft tried to own everything about _computing_ , they
         | largly succeeded. they even infiltrated schools and still every
         | pc is sold with windows-preinstalled.
         | 
         | then came google/facebook/apple... and they all want to own the
         | entire internet.
         | 
         | unity wants the entire gaming/gamedev/computer-graphics. i am
         | sure there are schools out there have unity classes, just
         | unbelievable. "unity-developer" is the norm in job titles now,
         | and i have never once heard "photoshop-artist" in the title of
         | a job description.
         | 
         | this particular case is no exception.
         | 
         | ok, most logical conclusion is i too am envious.
        
         | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
         | You created an account just to say this? Damn, commitment.
        
           | antipauline wrote:
           | Well, I don't want to get my usual account banned for
           | expressing such apostate views. They're very protective of
           | their cult leaders round here.
        
             | imhoguy wrote:
             | What are your views then?
        
             | hooande wrote:
             | Imagine if people could completely change their idenitites
             | every time they said something. It would make conversation
             | and discourse as we know it impossible.
             | 
             | It would make the idea you created an account to express
             | invalid. You can't criticize Paul Graham if he can say
             | "That wasn't me, it was Gaul Praham".
             | 
             | If your ideas aren't good enough for you to stay by them
             | with some form of consistent identity, do not express those
             | ideas. Think about them, develop them and then communicate
             | them when they no longer embarrass you.
        
               | ta_ca wrote:
               | powerfull people can silence you in so many ways. they
               | will always have a platform, you won't.
               | 
               | you also got _discourse_ backwards. you should be judging
               | the arguments presented (which in this case not much),
               | not the persona.
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | I do not think that the problem is with the content, moreso
             | with the unnecessarily aggressive tone. _Shit, cult ..._ -
             | HN generally rewards civility and does not like sliding
             | towards Twitter mode of operation.
        
       | Tycho wrote:
       | My favourite type of dismissal is:
       | 
       | "X is a stupid idea that nobody asked for and it will never even
       | work. Besides we already have Y[1], so this is nothing new."
       | 
       | [1] Where _Y_ is some product that foreshadows the functionality
       | of X and is already successful among some set of users, although
       | has some incidental limitations that prevent its growth
        
       | mikesabbagh wrote:
       | The problem with education is that u r always taught to look for
       | the right answer someone else discovered long time ago. Coming up
       | with crazy ideas means u were either a bad student, or u have a
       | post-doctoral education. It is hard for anyone in the middle to
       | come with crazy ideas (unless u worked with someone crazy coming
       | up with crazy ideas requires a certain training or exposure, it
       | is very difficult to learn on ur own
        
       | darkerside wrote:
       | > Another reason people dismiss new ideas is that it's an easy
       | way to seem sophisticated. When a new idea first emerges, it
       | usually seems pretty feeble. It's a mere hatchling. Received
       | wisdom is full-grown eagle by comparison. So it's easy to launch
       | a devastating attack on a new idea, and anyone who does will seem
       | clever to those who don't understand this asymmetry.
       | 
       | I wonder if most people realize this? In my experience, it seems
       | like a characteristic that defies intellect and education.
       | Incredibly smart people are, if anything, someone's more
       | dismissive of new ideas because of their confidence that it just
       | won't work.
        
       | peter_retief wrote:
       | I wish somebody would take my wild ideas seriously.
        
       | bob33212 wrote:
       | This is a great essay. I follow similar logic when assessing
       | bitcoin.
       | 
       | 1. Listen to as many viewpoints as possible 2. Remove the people
       | who are not domain experts 3. Remove the people who are blinded
       | by their own financial interests or ego. 4. Remove the people who
       | are influenced by social pressures ( good and bad ) 5. Assign
       | probabilities to the remaining viewpoints evenly. 6. Repeat steps
       | 1-5 and chart the progression of the probability space.
       | 
       | Currently, It seems 40%+ likely that Bitcoin will end up as an
       | accidental Ponzi scheme with a crash based on late adopters
       | rushing out. But there is also still a 10%+ chance that it
       | replaces gold as a currency hedge for the next 20+ years and 5+
       | percent chance that it becomes a first class currency.
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | Who exactly is a "domain expert" in bitcoin? The whole thing
         | was created by an anonymous developer 10 years ago, and all of
         | the so called "domain experts" are johnny come latelys who
         | smelled a quick buck.
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | Andreas Antonopoulos, Vitalik Buterin, any of the core devs
           | at https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin, anyone who has studied
           | blockchain and cryptographic currency systems for the past 10
           | years, etc. Keep the wool over your eyes.
        
           | nomadiccoder wrote:
           | The whole thing was not created by an anonymous developer 10
           | years ago. The building blocks used in bitcoin have been
           | around for many years before this in things like hashcash.
           | Furthermore distributed consensus is a topic researched for
           | decades. The term cryptocurrency uses crypto as a base which
           | has been researched for centuries. Bitcoin is a novel
           | constuction around crypto primatives relying on economic
           | incentive to solve distributed consensus. There are clearly
           | domain experts here.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | In terms of the tech, yes. But that doesn't give you any
             | insight into the market, which is what the comment I was
             | replying to was talking about.
        
         | vaylian wrote:
         | For those 10%: Do you see BitCoin as an actual currency that
         | you can buy stuff with, or purely an investment?
        
           | jhgb wrote:
           | Who in his sane mind would use an appreciating asset as
           | currency?
        
           | zonethundery wrote:
           | I'm new at this, having just purchased some miners, but have
           | followed the space using a similar logic. For the 10% view
           | I'd consider the insane amount of institutional money chasing
           | the entire value chain, which will not be shy about
           | protecting itself.
           | 
           | The policy environment is still evolving; the FinCEN travel
           | rule will put the hurt on crypto ATMs and the exchanges (to
           | some degree). But it's good collateral, it doesn't
           | (generally) have storage costs like gold, the growth of
           | supply is well understood. Potential positive catalysts
           | remain, including a US btc ETF, the impact of cme's micro
           | contract, and geopolitical developments further constraining
           | the supply of ASICs.
           | 
           | Its clear from the above that I view it more as a store of
           | value than something you should spend as a currency.
           | Ethereum-world (incl stablecoins) seems to have a lock on the
           | latter. It will be interesting to see what happens when ETH
           | shifts to POS.
        
           | max_ wrote:
           | People buy BTC so they can sell it for USD.
           | 
           | Most BTC sits idle in exchanges like coinbase.
        
       | tw04 wrote:
       | >The reason is that everyone is too conservative.
       | 
       | Everyone isn't too conservative: veterans in a field are
       | conservative because they have earned the war wounds they carry.
       | Which is why you tend to see "disruptive apps" targeting younger
       | people. They don't have the life experience to understand, at
       | first glance, why an idea may be extremely dangerous.
       | 
       | I'm young enough to remember being that way myself: Who cares if
       | someone gets my bank account info, what are they going to do, pay
       | off my student loans? Spend the $25 I have in my checking
       | account? Oh no!
       | 
       | I abhor people who throw around the idea that someone in tech
       | being "conservative" is somehow wrong or bad. They're
       | conservative because they know just how much is at risk for the
       | folks who don't know any better.
        
         | dralley wrote:
         | It's technological manifest destiny.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ajGX7odA87k&t=36m48s
        
         | OhNoMyqueen wrote:
         | It's not necessarily true. Some people are conservative and
         | have forgotten the reason why.
        
         | bko wrote:
         | From the article, PG argues that the crazy idea should be taken
         | seriously predicated on the person having deep domain
         | expertise.
         | 
         | I don't think anyone with deep domain experience in banking
         | would say "Who cares if someone gets my bank account info"
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | How exactly do we identify these domain experts? This also
           | implies crazy disruption comes from within, which doesn't
           | explain why successful companies are the ones getting
           | disrupted. My only conclusion is that PG wants us to trust
           | him or that his theory is a whole lot of smoke.
        
           | ProblemFactory wrote:
           | > PG argues that the crazy idea should be taken seriously
           | predicated on the person having deep domain expertise
           | 
           | Depending on what you mean by "seriously". It's not that a
           | crazy idea by a domain expert is certainly the future - but
           | they might be right 1 out of 10 times, compared to a crazy
           | idea by a nobody who might be right 1/1000. Given the
           | potential large return of crazy ideas, it's worth the time to
           | investigate in more detail.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | borski wrote:
         | That founder naivete, however, is also what often leads to
         | founders winning. Building Stripe really seems like a schlep if
         | you've built a payments company before - so much so that you
         | might not want to do it. It's hard, and annoying, and has all
         | sorts of regulatory hurdles.
         | 
         | But if you _don't_ know any of that, you build it anyway,
         | because schleps are really just long collections of much
         | smaller problems, and naive founders can solve much smaller
         | problems at a rapid succession, whereas "conservative industry
         | experts" simply wouldn't even start because it's too hard.
        
           | russellendicott wrote:
           | This reminds me of people who have children very young and by
           | the time they realize in their late 30s how crazy the idea of
           | a 21 year old being the sole example of how a human should
           | behave, the children are now adults. Some things best done
           | with youthful ignorance I suppose.
        
           | zaphar wrote:
           | There is a difference between thinking something is a bad
           | idea because it's hard and thinking something is a bad idea
           | because it's dangerous. Your Stripe example is an example of
           | something that was hard. Mighty is an example of something
           | that is may not actually be hard but is most likely
           | dangerous.
        
             | borski wrote:
             | The problem is that early on dangerous and hard are
             | sometimes synonymous; people argued Uber was dangerous, and
             | in some cases, it was - relatively unvetted drivers driving
             | people around the city without a taxi license. But now it's
             | changed how we move about the world.
             | 
             | It's hard to predict how the end of a startup will look
             | from the beginning, but ambitious ideas often look
             | dangerous, scary, hard, or impossible at the beginning.
        
           | thisisbrians wrote:
           | This. I started my company in my early 20s and had no clue
           | how much work it would be due to my own naivete. Indeed, we
           | broke the problems down and worked through them one-by-one
           | until we had a functioning business model. On the one hand,
           | it would be a lot harder to start over knowing what I know
           | now about how much work it takes. On the other, it would be a
           | lot easier because I got a lot better at problem solving and
           | decision making.
        
             | borski wrote:
             | Yeah, I have absolutely less than zero interest in starting
             | my last company again. That was hard, and I had no idea all
             | of the problems I was going to run into.
             | 
             | I'm super excited to start my next thing, though, which is
             | surely going to be way easier! ;)
        
               | thisisbrians wrote:
               | Godspeed, soldier.
        
           | mumblemumble wrote:
           | It's true, but we shouldn't forget survivor bias here. We
           | tend to focus on the stories of _successful_ founders. To
           | some extent, those are even the only ones we hear about.
           | 
           | Because of that phenomenon, there is absolutely no
           | incompatibility between the existence of disruptive startups,
           | and the opinions of more conservative voices. Similar to how
           | there's no incompatibility between the existence of people
           | who win the lottery, and the opinions of people who don't
           | play the lottery.
        
             | borski wrote:
             | This is a good point, but I'd argue survivor bias doesn't
             | really apply here - successful startups often have naive
             | founders because they are otherwise considered 'too hard'
             | by most people to start. It is simply hard to take down a
             | massive incumbent, for example, so most people don't try.
             | 
             | Lots of startups fail, and a few succeed. I find it an
             | interesting leading indicator that most startups who
             | succeed have founders that are naive in some way.
             | 
             | Doesn't mean you can't win and _not_ be naive, and
             | obviously correlation doesn 't imply causation, but the
             | phenomenon is frequent enough that I don't think it's
             | entirely baseless either.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | >> That founder naivete, however, is also what often leads to
           | founders winning
           | 
           | I think you overstate your case with the word "often". It is
           | far more often that what they're building never amounts to
           | anything. Even the most successful founders typically bat
           | less than 500
        
             | borski wrote:
             | You're right, but misread what I meant (and/or I was
             | unclear!). I meant that _when founders win_ it is often, at
             | least partially, because they were naive when they started.
             | 
             | I did not mean to imply all naive founders win; that would
             | be absurd. :)
        
       | mcguire wrote:
       | " _I 'm not claiming this principle extends much beyond math,
       | engineering, and the hard sciences. In politics, for example,
       | crazy-sounding ideas generally are as bad as they sound. Though
       | arguably this is not an exception, because the people who propose
       | them are not in fact domain experts; politicians are domain
       | experts in political tactics, like how to get elected and how to
       | get legislation passed, but not in the world that policy acts
       | upon. Perhaps no one could be._"
       | 
       | Weird. Math, engineering, and the hard sciences are the few
       | places where it is possible to positively say an idea won't work.
        
       | xmeadow wrote:
       | I think the biggest problem of these statements is that you don't
       | hear much of terrible ideas which failed initally.
        
       | dvh1990 wrote:
       | "Such ideas are not guaranteed to work. But they don't have to
       | be. They just have to be sufficiently good bets -- to have
       | sufficiently high expected value. And I think on average they do.
       | I think if you bet on the entire set of implausible-sounding
       | ideas proposed by reasonable domain experts, you'd end up net
       | ahead."
       | 
       | That's the VC business model in a nutshell
        
       | lucideer wrote:
       | This entire article seems like some pretty obvious stuff that
       | most people understand very well, wrapped in a veil of apparent
       | profundity.
       | 
       | First of all: it makes one very large assumption from the
       | beginning that is never mentioned: "I, pg, can confidently
       | identify a reasonable domain expert".
       | 
       | That's basically a fallacy: this is the hardest thing to be sure
       | of and Dunning Kruger applies heavily here (both for the apparent
       | domain expert, and also for the person listening to their idea,
       | who considers themselves such an excellent judge of the speaker's
       | expertise).
       | 
       | Beyond that, there's nothing profound here: any "average" person,
       | when listening to a person they trust (and "trust" here means
       | they believe that this person is competent, i.e. is a "reasonable
       | domain expert"), will heed their ideas, and be more likely to
       | consider the "crazy" ones. Paul is not unique nor advanced in
       | this regard.
       | 
       | The unstated problem is knowing whether you're good at
       | identifying experts.
        
       | reddog wrote:
       | Isn't this pretty much what Thomas Kuhn said in his Structures of
       | Scientific Revolutions back in the 60s? At one time that was
       | hailed as one of the most important books of the 20th century.
        
       | taytus wrote:
       | >People will also attack new ideas when they have a vested
       | interest in the old ones. It's not surprising, for example, that
       | some of Darwin's harshest critics were churchmen.
       | 
       | Nah man, it's because every time they're asked about security
       | they say "yes we did an audit no we won't release the results"? I
       | don't know about you but I'd like to keep my passwords to myself
        
       | CJefferson wrote:
       | This is an interesting idea, but I feel it's not calibrated right
       | -- I'm an academic, so I'd imagine I work with many "domain
       | experts" (if you don't think so, that's of course another valid
       | discussion). I don't think "if you bet on the entire set of
       | implausible-sounding ideas proposed by reasonable domain experts,
       | you'd end up net ahead.".
       | 
       | I hear a implausible sounding ideas all the time. I think one of
       | the main points of academia is to give people the chance to
       | explore those ideas. But they don't turn out good "on average",
       | not even close.
        
         | magusdei wrote:
         | Ending up "net ahead" does not necessarily mean maximizing the
         | fraction of successful projects. I don't think pg is saying
         | that implausible-sounding projects usually turn out good. He is
         | saying that _when_ they turn out good, they have outsized
         | impact, precisely because they initially sounded implausible
         | and therefore produce lots of new information if true.
        
         | tlb wrote:
         | The median implausible-sounding idea is bad, for sure.
         | 
         | But if you never bet on any implausible-sounding ideas, you
         | exclude the chance of being an early participant in any big
         | paradigm shift.
         | 
         | A good exercise is to back-test your rule against big ideas
         | through their history. Would you have invested time in solving
         | Schrodinger's weird equation in 1925? 1927? 1940? Would you
         | have invested time in public key cryptography in 1975? 1976?
         | 1980? 1990?
         | 
         | People who got in early, got to make the big discoveries in
         | those fields.
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | > A good exercise is to back-test your rule against big ideas
           | through their history.
           | 
           | Everyone assumes they would always have been on the right
           | side of history. It's basically impossible to know what you
           | would have been like had you been born in those times. Better
           | is to back-test your rule against paradigm shifts that have
           | occurred in your own lifetime. What are some ideas you
           | dismissed that turned out to work? What are some products or
           | projects you have a revulsion against that are still
           | succeeding years later? What caused you to reject them? What
           | did you miss?
        
             | TimPC wrote:
             | A very smart professor of mine once thought "They added
             | pictures to hypertext, that's sort of cool I guess."
             | 
             | Looking backwards definitely biases you to seeing things
             | you didn't see at the time. Even memories get tinged. But
             | memories are probably the most accurate you can do.
             | 
             | I missed bitcoin entirely despite knowing many people who
             | bought as I still don't understand what the appeal is. It
             | doesn't seem efficient to me as a payments technology or
             | from a privacy perspective. I kind of wish I bought early
             | even though I probably would have cashed out way too soon,
             | as the money would have been nice.
             | 
             | I liked Stripe due to my revulsion to PayPal but wasn't
             | exactly going to be on them winning. I was pleasantly
             | surprised. Ditto Shopify because of my dislike of Amazon
             | stores. I think I underestimate the chances of good ideas
             | and good products winning because I know it's very hard.
             | 
             | I took a few bets early in my career on start-ups. I think
             | I underestimated the difficulty of selling into retail on
             | one company that I still think had a good idea. The others
             | ended up being acquisitions, although the products weren't
             | continued. I still believe social notetaking is an
             | interesting hard problem in need of a good solution but I
             | don't think we had found it.
             | 
             | I think the big lesson for me is to not get taken in by the
             | cult of personality around strong founders and focus more
             | on the merits of the ideas. That can be tricky as you're
             | not getting the full picture when you interview making it
             | even harder to see a crazy idea as good for the right
             | reasons but it's the right approach.
        
               | chrisco255 wrote:
               | Yeah, and some ideas are just ahead of their time, like
               | the noted pets.com 90s failure contrasted with
               | chewy.com's success today.
        
               | EEMac wrote:
               | Good point!
               | 
               | Ordering pet food over the internet in 1995: crazy
               | moonshot weirdo stuff.
               | 
               | Ordering pet food over the internet in 2021: just another
               | day.
        
             | marvin wrote:
             | This is an excellent point, and I think this comment thread
             | would have much less negativity if everyone asked
             | themselves this question.
             | 
             | But then they'd have to own up to the nauseating idea of
             | callously dismissing some truly spectacular sea changes,
             | such as failing to buy 1000 Bitcoins for a few dollars in
             | 2009. I think most people are too full of envy to do that.
             | 
             | How many can honestly say they kept an open mind to the
             | handful of such paradigm shifts we've experienced in the
             | last 20 years?
        
               | tlb wrote:
               | You only have to be right a few times in your life to
               | make your career. Most people are right zero times, and
               | hardly anyone is right 10 times. Von Neumann might have
               | hit 10.
               | 
               | So regretting past mistakes is a big waste of time. Learn
               | from them, but don't let it get to you emotionally. (All
               | easy advice to give, and hard to follow.)
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | I've found that you can get surprisingly far in life simply
             | by being willing to fix your mistakes and switch your bets
             | once it becomes apparent you're wrong.
             | 
             | I initially dismissed the WWW as a disorganized mess when I
             | first encountered it in 1994 - I liked Gopher better. By
             | 1997 I had changed my tune and was all-in on learning HTML
             | and CGI and even some of the new technologies like Java
             | applets, RealAudio, and DHTML. (Note that Java and
             | RealAudio were themselves eventually losers, but by then I
             | was all-in on Javascript.) It felt like I had missed the
             | boat in 1997; the dot com boom was in full swing and people
             | were getting rich off much more sophisticated stuff all
             | around me (TBF, I was in high school). But the WWW and
             | Javascript/DHTML remained a lucrative career for 20 years
             | afterwards.
             | 
             | A lot of people, once they take a position on something,
             | dig in and don't change that position for a lifetime, then
             | miss out on the opportunity of a lifetime because they
             | dismissed it to begin with. But truly world-changing ideas
             | usually have a lot of room to grow. If you're wrong for 2-3
             | years and then change your mind, you'll feel really stupid,
             | like you totally missed the boat, but that's nothing
             | compared to the 20-30 years left of growth that the idea
             | might have.
        
           | joshuamorton wrote:
           | But keep in mind each of those was one of n implausible
           | sounding ideas at the time. Even if you might have been
           | willing, would you have had the resources to put into it, or
           | would they have already been wasted on implausible ideas we
           | don't remember?
        
         | anotha1 wrote:
         | Yes, because even when those implausible ideas fail, your more
         | likely to learn something than when experimenting on an
         | existing hypothesis with just a minor change.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | Your framing of the question totally ignores opportunity
           | cost. All that time spent working on ultimately failing crazy
           | ideas is time you did not spend working on anything else,
           | either marginal and likely or less risky/crazy.
        
       | rmason wrote:
       | One area PG missed is someone, exceedingly bright, who gets
       | interested in a totally new field where they have little or no
       | expertise.
       | 
       | Using first principles they announce a bold and crazy idea. Say
       | like Elon Musk and rockets. Sure he read some books and recruited
       | people with domain expertise.
       | 
       | If you remember his story he tried to buy Russian rockets, they
       | didn't take him seriously because he lacked the domain
       | experience. So he was forced to take an even greater risk and
       | build his own rocket. Doing something previously the province of
       | only large nation states. Still he was able to pull it off.
        
       | ojbyrne wrote:
       | Should probably credit Thomas Kuhn:
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Structure_of_Scientific_...
        
         | FiatLuxDave wrote:
         | Check footnote number 2?
        
           | ojbyrne wrote:
           | I will admit that I missed that but its barely enough. The
           | whole piece is basically a paraphrase of Kuhn.
        
       | notananthem wrote:
       | As someone who writes notebooks full of completely new, bad
       | ideas, this comes naturally to many of us
        
       | bernulli wrote:
       | My favorite crazy ideas from Science are
       | 
       | - "Imagine, they're like really small animals, but the're too
       | small to see! The're everywhere! They live on us, in us, around
       | us! They are what makes us sick!" (Pasteur, germ theory of
       | diseases)
       | 
       | - "You know how there can be mountains as huge as the Himalaya?
       | Easy! In reality, all continents are really like small leaves
       | floating on a see of magma, and they're bouncing into each other,
       | and when they crash we get these huge mountain ranges and
       | continents." (Alfred Wegener, tectonic plates)
       | 
       | - "You know time? Yeah, it's really different for everyone, and
       | there isn't even a thing such as 'simultaneous'. I'm serious!
       | Just imagine riding on a train and playing with a flashlight and
       | a watch!" (some patent clerk in Switzerland)
        
         | Metacelsus wrote:
         | More recently:
         | 
         | Seeing small things is difficult. Instead of making microscopes
         | better, what if we made the samples bigger?
         | 
         | (Expansion microscopy)
        
       | GnarfGnarf wrote:
       | There is no question that many important ideas sounded crazy at
       | first.
       | 
       | The problem is that these ideas are a tiny minority of all new
       | ideas.
       | 
       | The vast majority of new ideas are eventually proven invalid.
       | 
       | So just because an idea is rejected, does not mean that it is
       | guaranteed to triumph.
        
       | unchocked wrote:
       | Might as well introduce this project here:
       | https://planetarysunshade.org
       | 
       | We are domain experts, and are developing the support of domain
       | eminences. It's an umbrella organization for anyone working on
       | space-based climate intervention. Happy to chat with interested
       | parties.
        
       | gman83 wrote:
       | I guess because I think that Hyperloop is a really dumb idea I
       | must be extremely envious. This smells like a way to justify
       | ignoring difficult criticism. The critics are envious, they're
       | trying to look sophisticated, they're not real domain experts,
       | etc.
        
         | deadite wrote:
         | Not the first time, not the last time. We were misogynists when
         | we were criticizing Elizabeth Holmes. It comes with the
         | territory.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | That conflates different cases in a way that strikes me as
           | misleading.
        
             | deadite wrote:
             | The gist of it is that there was a flippant, reactionary
             | tone to anyone criticizing Theranos, that attempted to
             | brush off valid criticism with "you don't like her because
             | she's a woman" or "you want to see the company fail because
             | it's run by a woman". No, actually, I just want to see some
             | data, regardless of who is in charge. Save the "women run
             | the show in SV" rhetoric and flashy cover page photography
             | for Vogue. This is strictly a business analysis. If we
             | can't have a civil discussion about these things without
             | being accused of being sexist, or envious, or whatever
             | other pejorative people use to redirect criticism or
             | probing questions, then we might as well not have a
             | discussion at all because we all know how these things go.
             | The comments write themselves.
             | 
             | Having said that, it's tiresome to have the same pile-on
             | garbage of negative comments every time a PG article is
             | posted. The last 4-5 of his articles invite so much
             | backlash and scathing kneejerk rhetoric, I wonder why these
             | people use HN forums at all.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | > there was a flippant, reactionary tone to anyone
               | criticizing Theranos
               | 
               | That's not accurate. No doubt some responses were like
               | that; "anyone" is an extreme exaggeration.
               | 
               | The internet hivemind (which absorbs all of us) goes from
               | _a few data points_ to _anyone_ , _always_ , _everytime_
               | , etc., surprisingly seamlessly. Truth be told, one can
               | even substitute "single" for "few" in the previous
               | sentence without too much loss of fidelity--but perhaps
               | it's cynical to insist on it.
               | 
               | To a great extent this is just how human memory works,
               | but I pay close attention to it because it deeply affects
               | this community's perception of itself, and that is a
               | _big_ problem because memory skews negative.
               | 
               | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&
               | que...
               | 
               | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&
               | que...
               | 
               | p.s. I agree with you that we can, should, and need to
               | have substantive discussion about these things.
        
         | ZephyrBlu wrote:
         | This kind of attitude seem to be very common among 'ambitious'
         | founders, especially the YC crowd.
        
           | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
           | Historically parodied as "One day the world will understand
           | my true genius. And then you'll all be sorry!"
           | 
           | It's trivially easy to disprove. Just read some vintage
           | issues of Byte to see an impressive number of not entirely
           | crazy novel ideas from established domain experts which
           | crashed and burned.
           | 
           | Of course _some_ of these ideas - a minority - turned out to
           | be successful. But a little digging shows success was not
           | about the quality of the tech, and more the quality of the
           | marketing, with some occasional monopolist strong-arming.
           | 
           | In fact this is very much the US model. Take an okay to good
           | idea, hype it into the stratosphere with a massive marketing
           | and brand recognition campaign, and sell it at an inflated
           | price.
           | 
           | If you're lucky you can pitch it as a B2C Veblen lifestyle
           | good or a B2B strategic corporate necessity. Win.
           | 
           | That's very different to debating the tech itself purely on
           | intrinsic technical merits.
           | 
           | In a very literal sense _it 's a different argument happening
           | in a different space_. It's neither helpful nor clarifying to
           | imply it isn't.
        
             | TimPC wrote:
             | I don't think most crazy ideas crashing and burning is good
             | enough to disprove the thesis. Even if 1 in 100 ideas that
             | can bring about 10x change in important areas are all that
             | succeed, we need those ideas to improve things. I think if
             | you look for marketing you'll find it, so even ideas that
             | win on technology can look like monopolist strong-arming if
             | that's what you're looking for. Also not all ideas that win
             | on technology are the very best the technology could be,
             | they are often the right compromise that's a good deal
             | better than what they competed against. Windows for
             | instance did a lot of strong arming monopolist tactics but
             | was also the clear technical winner on PC for ease of use
             | for much of its existence. I don't think the monopolist
             | tactics would be enough if the average joe found it too
             | hard to use.
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | >> Even if 1 in 100 ideas that can bring about 10x change
               | in important areas are all that succeed, we need those
               | ideas to improve things
               | 
               | Even by your own math this is a bad idea, with 1 in 100
               | leading to a 10x improvement we'd be better to stick with
               | what we've got.
        
             | quickthrower2 wrote:
             | The word "idea" might be the problem. "Business plan" or
             | "business strategy" might be better? Even "mission
             | strategy"?
             | 
             | That encompasses the idea and how to get it executed and
             | what resources are needed to get it to be sustainable, over
             | what timescale.
             | 
             | This applies to business but also charity, non profit,
             | political efforts etc.
             | 
             | Notice I didn't mention profit or even revenue. These days
             | ideas can go a long time being supported by investors who
             | see the strategy.
             | 
             | For example I am thinking of YouTube, Tesla etc.
             | 
             | But there needs to be a strategy. Like a rocket launch or
             | starting a campfire there might need to be different stages
             | where the idea to the uninitiated looks very different at
             | each stage, but it's all part of the same master plan.
             | 
             | For example. Uber was a taxi firm + app at first. Peer to
             | peer came later.
        
             | biztos wrote:
             | > Just read some vintage issues of Byte
             | 
             | I still have the AI issue of Byte[0] and there still aren't
             | any robots that can draw for shit. /s
             | 
             | [0]: https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1985-04
        
           | qPM9l3XJrF wrote:
           | If so that suggests it's the right attitude to have.
        
         | Rapzid wrote:
         | Your just not a domain expert on _ideas_ though. Just look at
         | all the words he wrote on ideas. You should be more open to his
         | absurd belief in the idea of Mighty App being a game changer.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Please don't be snarky or take HN threads even further in the
           | flamewar direction. No matter how you feel about $person or
           | $subject, it's not good for the community to pee in the
           | swimming pool this way. It encourages the more discerning
           | swimmers not to stick around--and we're trying for something
           | else in any case.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | This is one of the major problems with PG's essays---he
         | frequently assigns the worst possible motives to the people he
         | disagrees with.
        
           | qPM9l3XJrF wrote:
           | gman83 did the same: "This smells like a way to justify
           | ignoring difficult criticism."
        
             | philosopher1234 wrote:
             | but did he do it incorrectly, or frequently?
        
       | robomartin wrote:
       | > it's easy to launch a devastating attack on a new idea, and
       | anyone who does will seem clever
       | 
       | This happened to me when I was younger. I had an idea that could
       | best be described as Uber, years before Uber existed. I worked
       | hard on analyzing this idea, preparing all sorts of financials,
       | enrolling in an incubator program to understand how to pitch,
       | getting help everywhere I could.
       | 
       | The incubator held a pitch event that would be attended by a
       | range of people from different professions and judged by a panel
       | of their choosing.
       | 
       | I made my presentation. It went very well. Until one of the five
       | judges essentially took over. Up until then I had received
       | reasonable questions and offered reasonable answers. He chose to
       | be brutally dismissive. I don't know his background but the guy
       | attacked at such a level that no other judge asked any questions.
       | It was truly distressing, to say the least. Once the firing squad
       | treatment ended I said "thank you" and left the auditorium.
       | 
       | I must have been obviously fuming and the attack must have been
       | obviously unfair to some in the audience because an executive
       | from UPS (the shipping company) decided to follow me out and talk
       | to me. After calming me down he said he though my idea was
       | excellent, that it needed refinement and that I should not give
       | up on account of that jerk. Still, I was rattled. Definitely.
       | 
       | I was too young and stupid to process that event for what it was:
       | A jerk being elevated to judging startup ideas who was there to
       | feel superior by hurting people. Again, I was too young to
       | process that and I did not have anyone around to help me get past
       | it. I quit. I abandoned that particular dream. All because of
       | that one jerk.
       | 
       | Now, many years later, I wish I hadn't. I wish I had been
       | equipped with the wisdom to dismiss him for what he was and move
       | on. Again, too young, didn't have enough experience and this guy
       | was at the right place and the right time to destroy me. And that
       | he did.
       | 
       | Thankfully my career moved on. I have nothing to complain about.
       | I sometimes wonder how much of that goes on in the startup scene.
       | I wonder how many great ideas (or potential entrepreneurs)
       | evaporate because of assholes who want to "seem clever".
        
       | aranchelk wrote:
       | Taking this article at face value, the idea Graham is talking
       | about, already has a name: jootsing (jumping out of the system)
       | coined by Douglas Hofstadter. I'm familiar with it from Daniel
       | Dennett's excellent book Intuition Pumps.
       | 
       | A feature of ground breaking ideas is they contradict established
       | wisdom, but that's also a feature of most awful ones. The latter
       | greatly outnumber the former. For every brilliant mind
       | contradicting and redefining a discipline there are a multitude
       | of clueless ones who lack basic knowledge of that discipline
       | producing total crap. Think Einstein vs thousands of crackpots
       | who don't understand kinetic energy and momentum are not the same
       | thing.
       | 
       | For this reason Dennett points out that the presence of jootsing
       | is not a valuable metric to assess an idea. He goes on to say as
       | it's unhelpful advice to give to someone attempting to produce a
       | valuable concept. He compares it to teaching someone how to
       | invest by saying "buy low, sell high". Yes this is a feature of a
       | successful investor, but in and of itself, quite unhelpful.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, saying "my ideas jootses" isn't saying much.
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | This is article comes at a good time. I feel like the tech sector
       | over the past 10 years has been focusing mostly on very safe
       | bets.
       | 
       | It's been shocking for me to see how terrified multi-millionaires
       | are to invest even $100K into a risky but potentially
       | transformative project; instead preferring to pile onto the
       | latest hot startups which other big investors are dumping their
       | money into... Like a herd of sheep. This behavior underlies a
       | lack of self-confidence.
       | 
       | When you have a lot of money, your odds of success are much
       | better, so why waste it and act like a sheep? Is it because a lot
       | of wealthy people nowadays come from lower classes and they've
       | struggled to shake off the herd mentality which is so pervasive
       | among the lower classes of society? They think they're playing
       | the same game as before; with all odds stacked against them, but
       | this mindset is counterproductive to a wealthy person. Once you
       | have a lot of money, the game is rigged in your favor, not
       | against you; there is no excuse to act like a sheep anymore.
       | 
       | If the majority of rich people keep acting like sheep, the system
       | will collapse under its own weight from the sheer inefficiency.
       | Capitalism doesn't tolerate deadweight; it shakes it all off
       | sooner or later.
       | 
       | Now investors are realizing that if they want to only make safe
       | bets, then they should just invest in Bitcoin or some other
       | scheme with high network effects... Maybe now is a good time for
       | investors to actually judge investments based on their disruptive
       | potential instead of just looking to other investors to outsource
       | decisions. If you just want to participate in a social scheme;
       | just invest in crypto. If you want to invest in a business, then
       | you can't avoid taking risks!
        
       | aerosmile wrote:
       | There are two ways of looking at this:
       | 
       | 1. PG is selling us something. 2. PG just open-sourced a part
       | that seems like a component of the YC admissions logic.
       | 
       | I personally don't care if it's just 2) or if it's 1) and 2) - in
       | each case I get to learn something new and for that I am
       | grateful. Basically, they must have established that whenever
       | they can't tell if you're right or wrong, they ask themselves how
       | likely are you to know something that they don't. This seems
       | obvious enough, but only after you've heard it explained. Also,
       | it might be obvious to each individual to a different degree, so
       | when you consider that YC applications are reviewed by a large
       | group of people, it's almost certain that this is all codified in
       | such a way that the reviewers are not just judging the startup
       | alone, but likely also the founder independently of their
       | startup. As you can tell, I clearly don't have any inside
       | knowledge here and this is all just speculation. But if I were to
       | submit a YC application, I would certainly ask myself now more
       | than ever before how to make people believe that I am an expert
       | in the field of my startup.
        
       | arua442 wrote:
       | I don't like how Paul's writing always gets hundreds of likes
       | just because it's by him.
       | 
       | Not everything he writes is amazing. I wish there wasn't such a
       | cult around him.
        
         | cptskippy wrote:
         | I think that's the curse of our social media. At best you get a
         | binary Like/Dislike mechanism, at worst just Like. There's no
         | contextualization of those choices.
         | 
         | In this case, PG's writing is directly related to the
         | discussions around MightyApp even though he doesn't disclose
         | this fact. I think that's important because it's seemingly a
         | conflict of interest being passed under the auspice of
         | objectivity.
         | 
         | I also think it's important to discuss MightyApp, not for it's
         | merits but for it's implications.
         | 
         | Unfortunately social media doesn't offer a "look at this shit"
         | button along site the like button. I venture to say if they did
         | there'd be a lot fewer likes.
        
         | bkirkby wrote:
         | You should offer some criticism about what he wrote. Dismissing
         | something because of who wrote it is just as ineffective as
         | liking something because of who wrote it.
        
         | vaylian wrote:
         | Upvotes don't mean that something is perfect or worthy of
         | worship. It means that something is interesting or (partially)
         | insightful.
        
         | drclau wrote:
         | I think this may be an American thing. People as successful as
         | PG, Musk, Bezos, Gates etc become demigods, for a majority of
         | people. Cults are created around them. They can never be wrong
         | and so on.
         | 
         | As a result, the opposition arises too: the people who dislike
         | these demigods for the same reasons their followers like them.
         | 
         | I say this is probably an American thing because I don't see
         | this happening in Europe. I worked for years for one of the
         | most successful startups in Europe and I have no idea what the
         | names of the founders are. Probably no one does by now.
        
           | distances wrote:
           | > I say this is probably an American thing because I don't
           | see this happening in Europe. I worked for years for one of
           | the most successful startups in Europe and I have no idea
           | what the names of the founders are. Probably no one does by
           | now.
           | 
           | I agree there's much less business related worship in Europe.
           | I also worked a couple of years for a successful "startup"
           | (it's a public company so hardly a startup any more), and
           | wouldn't be able to name the founders. I've also been
           | visiting HN for a good while and have no idea who PG is,
           | beyond that he apparently is some boss at YC and likes to
           | write controversial blog posts.
           | 
           | We do get our share of Gates/Bezos/Musk news but lots of it
           | is quite critical, I don't think anyone sees them as role
           | models.
        
           | HDMI_Cable wrote:
           | All of the attention around these guys seems like an
           | extension of celebrity culture. I know Europe (in particular
           | the UK and France) have a somewhat large culture around
           | celebrities and their opinions / comings-and-doings, but the
           | US is on a different level.
           | 
           | These founder-cults seem like the cults around the
           | Kardashians (or whoever), but for guys who couldn't care less
           | about movies but really want to be rich.
        
         | adwf wrote:
         | You are aware this is his website, right?
         | 
         | A large proportion of people are here specifically because of
         | PG and his endeavours, of course he's going to get lots of
         | upvotes. Even if you don't agree with him, he's worth listening
         | to, particularly if you have any aspirations to join YC.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ck425 wrote:
         | I don't think he gets hundreds of likes because he's amazing
         | (though some of what he's written has been). It's because his
         | writing is an insight into silicon valley and VC culture. Even
         | when I completely disagree with his opinions they're
         | interesting to read because they give an insight into how him
         | and many of his peers think. And as someone interested in this
         | industry that's fundamentally interesting even when it's not
         | great. Arguably more so.
        
         | temp-dude-87844 wrote:
         | This essay is a frustrating read, because you can feel his
         | condescension towards critics (oh, they must be envious, or
         | taking cheap shots), and you get a window into his headspace in
         | which he believes that his way of examining the world and
         | arriving at substantially the same beliefs is the only correct
         | way.
         | 
         | But to be quite honest, many PG essays fit this same basic
         | structure, whereby some venture or belief of his is introduced
         | in a slow-burn way, with lots of short sentences light on
         | content as if trying to sound off-the-cuff but way too authored
         | to sound convincingly so, and then a dispassioned but complete
         | teardown of the critics of the idea. A subversion of an appeal
         | to historical authority thrown in for good measure. He always
         | comes across as the understated luminary whose low opinion of
         | the clueless hordes or meddling schemers below him is
         | emotionlessly obvious, and anyone who disagrees is clearly a
         | meddling schemer because of envy or fear or some other
         | existential insecurity, because his seldom-mentioned
         | achievements ought to speak for themselves about the supremacy
         | of his approach.
         | 
         | But what's especially frustrating about this essay is that it's
         | clearly precipitated by the dismissive public reaction towards
         | the Mighty app -- an observation shared by many others in this
         | thread -- but this is intentionally unacknowledged by him,
         | presumably so that he can pontificate about the bravery of
         | weird ideas the envy and fear of others on his personal blog
         | without soiling the name of a business venture he backed. But
         | it's also evidence that with a simple Twitter beef, you can get
         | under his skin -- a sad fact you'd be forgiven for doubting if
         | you hang on every word of his essays.
        
       | fillskills wrote:
       | Wow, I came here to say that this was possibly Paul's best essay
       | ever. There is so much to learn here. Completely surprised by the
       | negative comments and so many of them :). Specially on an essay
       | that is essentially asking to not being critical right away.
       | 
       | In my short startup life, I have had the opportunity of meet many
       | founders, VCs and also get solicited and unsolicited opinions
       | from friends and family. Most of the VCs, friends and family
       | members were critical of my ideas or simply didn't spend the
       | effort to really listen. I see the same thing happening to other
       | founders and startups. Specially fun is meeting VCs who have
       | never built a startup themselves or coming from a non technical
       | background be overly critical and share their strongly held
       | opinions on how my startup could fail. I ran out of fingers
       | counting how many ways.
       | 
       | Ofcourse a startup can fail. Thats why it's not a company yet.
       | There is a saying that it takes many miracles to make a startup a
       | success. Most founders know that already. We are already scared.
       | 
       | Paul is suggesting a different approach. A more positive one. And
       | given the statistics around Paul's and YC's success versus other
       | VCs, you would think that the HN crowd of all people would at-
       | least pay attention.
       | 
       | P.S: My startup was rejected multiple times by YC. So not a fan
       | exactly.
        
         | npsimons wrote:
         | I don't know if I'd say it's Graham's _best_ essay ( "Beating
         | the Averages" still ranks as one of my favorites), but reading
         | this most recent essay, I was thinking of Elon Musk.
         | 
         | Say what you will about the guy, and there's an argument to be
         | made that Tesla at least is incremental and not a crazy new
         | idea, but Musk co-founded Paypal and is now pushing limits in
         | spaceflight.
        
         | gustavo-fring wrote:
         | Do you not think there is a balance between unalloyed
         | boosterism and lying (the YC way) and not giving you any good
         | feedback?
         | 
         | There are just way more people that I know and trust personally
         | that I think could give positive, but constructive advice. I
         | would believe absolutely nothing coming out of Paul's mouth
         | because he hasn't shown that he's an honest person. He's not
         | disinterested about any of this, but feigns like he is above
         | it.
         | 
         | I think some of us are very sick of the absolutely fake and
         | fraudulent way he and others like him and Musk operate. They do
         | not care about the truth or other people, they care about their
         | own egos and people for whatever reason buy that.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | You can't post personal attacks like this to HN, regardless
           | of who you're attacking. Perhaps you don't feel that you owe
           | $person better, but you owe this community much better if you
           | want to participate here.
           | 
           | You crossed badly into bannable territory in this thread.
           | I've responded in more detail here:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27066921.
        
             | gustavo-fring wrote:
             | How exactly would we deal with this issue then? I'm sure
             | you've seen where people have accused you of editing Austin
             | Allred's username on his account. Nobody else can do
             | that.If I believe that lambda school or coinbase has been
             | involved in shady business practices, is HN not the place
             | to discuss that? Do you not have a conflict of interest
             | here?
        
               | dang wrote:
               | (Although your account is rate-limited because of the
               | quantity of flamewar comments you've posted, I've
               | temporarily turned the rate limit off so you can reply.
               | You don't need to create new accounts, which HN's anti-
               | troll software is rejecting anyhow.)
               | 
               | You posted surprisingly vicious smears in this thread,
               | even blaming one person for the death of another. Some of
               | that you edited in an extremely misleading way, so that
               | the community's original response seemed unreasonable,
               | when in fact it had been appropriate. Even in the above
               | comment, which is still up, you've accused someone of
               | being fake, fraudulent, and dishonest, with zero basis.
               | When asked not to do any of this, you haven't even
               | acknowledged what you did--instead you're changing the
               | subject dramatically. Isn't that a little distasteful?
               | 
               | > _I 'm sure you've seen where people have accused you_
               | 
               | Since you saw the thread where people were bringing it
               | up, I'm surprised you didn't see the explanations:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26959559
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26959675
               | 
               | > _is HN not the place to discuss that_
               | 
               | People discuss companies, including YC-funded companies,
               | at great length on HN all the time. That's not the issue
               | here. The issue is that you've been breaking the site
               | guidelines very badly, and we need you to stop.
               | 
               | > _Do you not have a conflict of interest_
               | 
               | I've written extensively about that over the years. If
               | you or anyone is interested, some of those past
               | explanations can be found at the following links:
               | 
               | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false
               | &qu...
               | 
               | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false
               | &so...
               | 
               | The short version is that we don't moderate HN to
               | suppress criticism of YC or YC startups, because that
               | would be (a) wrong, (b) futile, and (c) dumb. We moderate
               | HN to try to keep it interesting and in line with the
               | site guidelines
               | (https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html) --
               | that's all. I'd never claim to be immune from bias (who
               | could?) but I can tell you what principles we try to
               | apply and we can at least claim to have years' worth of
               | practice at them.
               | 
               | There's nothing secret here, by the way, in the sense
               | that anyone can get an answer to any question about how
               | HN works (other than technical details about anti-abuse
               | software, and that only because they would stop working
               | if they weren't secret). Trying to run an online
               | community any other way would be inefficient and self-
               | defeating. We try never to do anything that isn't
               | defensible to the community, because the community's good
               | will is the only asset HN has.
               | 
               | I completely understand how easy it is for unexplained
               | details to compound into weird and sinister pictures.
               | That's a fact of human life that we all have to deal
               | with, especially online. But really the clearest and
               | freshest way to deal with it is to check what's actually
               | happening, when that option is available. HN, even though
               | it has millions of users, is still small enough that that
               | option is actually available. Why not take advantage of
               | that?
        
               | themdangrules wrote:
               | My "smears" involved talking about how Reddit didn't ban
               | the watchpeopledie and greatawakening subreddits until
               | they became a public issue. People were making death
               | threats in the latter, talking about secret messages from
               | Trump. It's preying on mentally ill people. It's
               | _wrong_.I said that Graham 's influence encouraged Swartz
               | to take the actions he did. To believe that the world was
               | his oyster that he could hack without consequence, and
               | that now the conspiracy subreddit thinks that Swartz is
               | some kind of martyr for freedom.I promise you nothing I
               | said is factually incorrect. You consider them smears
               | because they "smear" the people that pay your salary. You
               | do get paid for this, I hope?I accuse Graham of being
               | dishonest because he won't actually directly discuss
               | issues he has, instead he does it this roundabout way of
               | posting essays, essays which you review and you have
               | banning and moderation power over. You don't see the
               | conflict of interest? It's punching you in the face. I
               | consider Musk a liar, because well, he's a liar. I know
               | Sam has interviewed him before.I did edit my post, but
               | that's because I knew it wouldn't fly. You accused me
               | editing it to be neutral of being "abusive". But I was
               | editing it so it would not ideally cause trouble. But it
               | did anyway because damned if you do, damned if you don't.
               | Now you're trying to portray my edits as abusive. Come
               | on, dude.You've never stood up for me, dang, when people
               | are being pedantic and bullying. What do you want me to
               | admit to? That I have a really strong dislike of you and
               | Graham because here you are being manipulative for all to
               | see? Yeah, I did. That you aren't honest with yourself
               | about the "essays" that Graham attacks people in? Yeah, I
               | feel that. That your moderation is arbitrary and
               | selective and doesn't scale? Yeah. I'll admit, I'd never
               | heard of that essay is French excuse, but it's a good
               | one. I'll have to teach it to my kids (re: Uncle
               | dang).This is a new account, not to be "abusive", because
               | I logged out and don't have the password to the old one.
               | I'm not so offended to call your accusations "smears",
               | but please be aware this is a two way street.I wonder if
               | you would have banned Musk when he called an innocent
               | person a pedophile? Hell of a smear.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | This account is getting caught in HN's anti-abuse
               | software (correctly), but I've let the comment through
               | because I don't want to prevent you from replying. (You
               | may need to edit it to fix the whitespace - sorry, that's
               | our bug.)
               | 
               | I don't want to keep doing this, though, so would you
               | please use your main account? I removed the restriction
               | from it, so it should work.
               | 
               | If you say you didn't intend to mislead by editing your
               | comment, I believe you. Nothing factual that you're
               | describing about pg remotely justifies the abusive
               | language you've used. Elon Musk, it seems to me, has
               | nothing to do with any of this. If someone was bullying
               | toward you on HN, or you felt they were, that sucks, and
               | I'm sorry we didn't stand up for you. I try to stand up
               | for someone who's being unfairly criticized when I know
               | about it--don't forget that we don't see the overwhelming
               | majority of what gets posted. I consider it a smear when
               | people say awful things about others without
               | justification. It doesn't depend on who's paying me.
        
           | fillskills wrote:
           | After marriage and running a decent sized org, I learnt that
           | all people are not exactly like me. They are different. In
           | many ways. While some like PG like to support others and shy
           | from confrontation, others like Steve Jobs etc found success
           | by being more direct. Looks like both ways can work. And I am
           | teaching my team at work the same - that there are many paths
           | to a win. This was not easy in the beginning for me
           | personally, I could not appreciate the differences. But I am
           | learning.
        
       | dd36 wrote:
       | I wonder if the backlash to Mighty and the resulting
       | defensiveness will cause it to persist longer than it would have
       | had it announced earlier or gotten less friendly feedback.
       | Presuming it doesn't get the widespread traction it was hoping
       | for.
        
       | tworats wrote:
       | > The rewards for working on new ideas are weighted by the value
       | of the outcome. So it's worth working on something that only has
       | a 10% chance of succeeding if it would make things more than 10x
       | better
       | 
       | This is the primary point here - the "crazy idea" may (and likely
       | does) have a low probability of being correct and succeeding, but
       | with an outsized reward it may still be worth pursuing. This is,
       | almost by definition, the correct way of looking at it.
       | 
       | Also note that he's talking about crazy ideas from "reasonable
       | domain experts", not your run of the mill crazy.
       | 
       | This is not just a response to Mighty - he's been talking about
       | this for years.
        
       | davesque wrote:
       | It seems people often have a weird "anti-bias" to believe that
       | everything that goes on to be wildly successful was originally
       | dismissed as ridiculous or impossible. First of all, it's not
       | true. There are plenty of examples of ideas that seemed good to
       | begin with and turned out to be good in practice. So something
       | seeming ridiculous doesn't really count as an important quality
       | in predicting success. Secondly, even if it were somehow true
       | that all successful ideas seemed ridiculous, that _still_ says
       | nothing about how likely something is to succeed. What percentage
       | of failed ideas originally seemed ridiculous? It 's also an
       | important question, but I guess one you don't need to answer if
       | you're a billionaire and have a large audience of worshipers.
       | 
       | Sometimes a stupid idea is just that.
        
         | davidivadavid wrote:
         | The problem is compounded by the fact that most of this is just
         | a storytelling retcon anyway.
         | 
         | Mighty is trying to make your browser experience smoother,
         | faster, whatever (saying nothing of the larger vision). That's
         | _obviously_ a good idea, and it 's easy to tell a story about
         | how the founders overcame huge technical hurdles to make it
         | work, and so on.
         | 
         | But then Mighty is also _obviously_ one of the ugliest, most
         | inelegant ideas ever invented, which, in case it fails, can be
         | used to point it how obvious it was.
         | 
         | So, yeah. Not sure there's much to be learnt here?
        
       | codingdave wrote:
       | > Someone proposes an idea that sounds crazy, most people dismiss
       | it, then it gradually takes over the world.
       | 
       | This is survivorship bias. He is not wrong in that yes, we should
       | consider ideas from domain experts carefully and not be overly
       | dismissive. But it is absolutely survivorship bias to believe
       | that every crazy idea from a domain expert worked out.
        
         | david-cako wrote:
         | Having crazy ideas seems to be a prerequisite for taking over
         | the world with an idea. The alternative is having familiar
         | ideas which are already pervasive, or having no ideas.
        
         | yesenadam wrote:
         | > it is absolutely survivorship bias to believe that every
         | crazy idea from a domain expert worked out
         | 
         | Who believes that?
        
         | zby wrote:
         | It would be survivorship bias if the author suggested a rule
         | here - but this quote is only a statement that 'this can
         | happen'.
         | 
         | Where the author suggest a rule: "Such ideas are not guaranteed
         | to work. But they don't have to be. They just have to be
         | sufficiently good bets -- to have sufficiently high expected
         | value." - it is hedged against survivorship bias.
        
         | gustavo-fring wrote:
         | Graham should know better, he talked about arc as the messiah
         | for five years before getting beat to market by Clojure. Now
         | they barely do proper language releases.
        
           | nickelcitymario wrote:
           | He doesn't say that crazy ideas by domain experts always work
           | out. He makes two claims:
           | 
           | 1) That if the crazy idea is from a domain expert, it
           | deserves to be taken seriously. It doesn't deserve to be
           | taken as gospel, but it shouldn't be dismissed outright.
           | 
           | 2) He's betting (but not stating as fact) that if you did
           | blindly support the crazy ideas of domain experts, you'd be
           | right more often than you're wrong.
           | 
           | This is not the same thing as saying domain experts are
           | always right. Simply that all things being equal, you're
           | better off betting on their expertise over your own
           | ignorance. But even better than that is to look into the
           | matter until you have sufficient expertise to properly
           | evaluate their idea.
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | From TFA:
         | 
         | > _Such ideas are not guaranteed to work. But they don 't have
         | to be. They just have to be sufficiently good bets -- to have
         | sufficiently high expected value. And I think on average they
         | do._
         | 
         | It's likely that you're both right. If something is biased 45%
         | off of a coin toss, but gives 25x returns, it's still positive
         | EV.
         | 
         | This is a part of VC and speculative investment that a lot of
         | people gloss over. Success is the difference between being
         | wrong 95% of the time and being wrong 97% of the time. (And,
         | with Softbank around, sometimes it's the difference between
         | being wrong 97% of the time and 99.5% of the time.)
        
       | ANarrativeApe wrote:
       | There's more than one crazy new idea floating around, checkout
       | cituzenshareholders.com reimagining of capitalism and their (ok,
       | our) crazy, yet feasible, plan to democratize corporate
       | governance. With $40 trillion in shares owned thru collective
       | investments Larry Fink's wish for a new form of shareholder
       | engagement will come true!
        
       | umutisik wrote:
       | The essay seems to be about startups. It could use more examples
       | to illustrate the point.
        
       | sirsinsalot wrote:
       | Let's not kid ourselves, this thin-client re-package is a
       | marketing effort to push forward a paradigm shift that allows
       | companies to grab more power and control of our 1's and 0's
       | 
       | ... whatever value proposition it is packaged up in is just
       | marketing and propaganda ... even if they charge money for it.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | A fast heuristic on the value of crazy ideas would be: a) is the
       | premise of this idea based on the rejection or falsification of
       | an established consensus or convention, and b) does this person
       | (the proponent) survive?
       | 
       | A crazy idea is just betting a majority is wrong. What makes it
       | smart is not about being right, it's that you have figured out
       | how to make money if the consensus is vulnerable or wrong.
       | 
       | Some of the the biggest startups and plays of the last decade
       | were bets against conventions and rich country taboos like
       | letting strangers crash on your couch, driving strangers around
       | in your car, straight women wanting anonymous hookups and the
       | normalization of sex work, non-technical people using
       | cryptography, working class people investing in alterantive
       | assets - let alone understanding what a short squeeze is enough
       | to execute one, watching movies on little laptop screens.
       | 
       | What makes an idea 'crazy' is that it is against one that people
       | align with because the alignment itself means being aligned to
       | power. Most of what people believe, they do so because it _works_
       | for them, and by works I mean aligns them to what they percieve
       | to be powerful. Most money seems to be made getting short weaker
       | middle class conventions.
       | 
       | A crazy idea is making the call that an emperor has no clothes. I
       | suspect the secret to getting short naked emperors is not so much
       | a track record for upholding convention, but rather, a track
       | record of suviving.
        
       | robofanatic wrote:
       | The title is misleading. I went into it thinking I will find some
       | new crazy ideas, but there were none.
        
       | Gravityloss wrote:
       | "If someone I knew to be both a domain expert and a reasonable
       | person proposed an idea that sounded preposterous" - my reaction
       | would be to ask: that's unexpected to me, what is different?
        
       | 9erdelta wrote:
       | > Anyone who has studied the history of ideas, and especially the
       | history of science, knows that's how big things start. Someone
       | proposes an idea that sounds crazy, most people dismiss it, then
       | it gradually takes over the world.
       | 
       | Funny how he says this but then later goes on to mention Darwin.
       | Perhaps we could say part of the natural selection of new "big
       | things" is if they (both the ideas and the people) survive the
       | early dismissiveness and criticism. I would welcome criticism
       | from highly experienced and conservative people, because if you
       | can respond meaningfully and survive - you're probably on to
       | something.
        
       | michaelbuckbee wrote:
       | I think most "crazy" ideas seem that way given the current
       | constraints in that point in time and it's the domain experts
       | that see the changing landscape which will make them viable.
       | 
       | It's hard to remember, but there was a time that YouTube seemed
       | "crazy" as it was assumed that bandwidth costs would swamp the
       | viability of any video startup.
       | 
       | See also: almost all the "dumb" early web startups that weren't
       | dumb, but mistimed the market (Webvan, ePets)
        
       | woopwoop wrote:
       | > Everyone is too conservative.
       | 
       | Interesting. Do VCs outperform the S&P 500 in general?
        
       | nottorp wrote:
       | If this is about Mighty, the bad parts of it aren't technical.
       | 
       | - Even with today's concentration of information, there are
       | several independent information sources left... and they want us
       | to access them from a single point of failure?
       | 
       | - Who pays for this and how? How do I install my own ad blockers
       | and anti tracking extensions on Mighty? Am I supposed to just
       | trust them that they won't sell my advertising profile?
       | 
       | - What happens to the sites Mighty management disagrees with? Do
       | they become inaccessible? Or they render badly? Especially since
       | they're an American company and society is getting ultra
       | polarized over there...
        
         | intergalplan wrote:
         | Exactly. The tech is _farcical_ (surely even a proponent of
         | them can see that?) but that 's not really Mighty's fault.
         | 
         | It's _bad_ because their strongest viable business plays seem
         | to all involve leveraging their access to people 's browsers in
         | not-so-nice ways.
        
         | not1ofU wrote:
         | Founders: "Write that down"
        
       | guerrilla wrote:
       | Weird pop psy in the middle of this article. Forgive me if I
       | don't just take your word on millions of people's motivations
       | with no data or argument.
        
       | rsp1984 wrote:
       | I agree with the general gist of this, however the crux is that
       | most ideas that turn out to be revolutionary just don't originate
       | within the accepted circle of domain experts, exactly _because_
       | being a domain expert makes you more unlikely to think out of the
       | box.
       | 
       | Google didn't come out of Yahoo. Napster wasn't founded by music
       | industry execs. Friendster didn't evolve into Facebook. Match.com
       | didn't invent Tinder. It's often the curious outsiders that
       | disrupt the status quo, not the well connected insiders.
        
         | bryanrasmussen wrote:
         | >Google didn't come out of Yahoo.
         | 
         | from my reading of the history of Yahoo they had plenty of good
         | ideas that they destroyed because the problem was not domain
         | experts but thinking they were in the wrong business (media!)
        
         | shoto_io wrote:
         | I agree 100%. The list could be continued indefinitely.
         | 
         | Less positively formulated, you could also say people outside
         | an industry are naive enough to start something people inside
         | would deem impossible.
        
         | pilingual wrote:
         | I'm curious to see a list of world-changing ideas that came out
         | of domain expertise and those that the essay claims could be
         | dismissed because the person was not an expert.
         | 
         | AirBnB, which is perhaps pg's favorite company, would never
         | have gotten into Y Combinator without Michael Seibel and the
         | endorsement of the JTV crew. AirBnB simply would not exist
         | today.
         | 
         | So I hope people don't read this essay and think, "I'm not a
         | domain expert, so I'll give up on this idea." Somewhat of a
         | dangerous essay for that reason.
        
           | ZephyrBlu wrote:
           | I'd argue that for unique companies like AirBnB the founders
           | _become_ domain experts while they 're building the company.
        
             | marvin wrote:
             | I figured that was subtext, and that we're not necessarily
             | talking about what a hotel executive would think.
        
         | Putshort wrote:
         | You could also look at the list of Google's failures.
        
         | hoppyhoppy2 wrote:
         | Why are all your examples software companies? Certainly not
         | because most of the world's revolutionary ideas are from
         | programmers. Perhaps there are benefits to domain knowledge for
         | coming up with revolutionary ideas in, say, biology or
         | chemistry or electrical engineering or literature or political
         | science or manufacturing or medicine...
        
         | matt_s wrote:
         | I don't think pg intended that crazy new ideas require someone
         | to be a domain expert, just some expertise. Slight wording
         | difference.
         | 
         | In the case of music, one could have domain expertise on audio
         | files, compression and domain expertise about file sharing and
         | domain expertise about younger people's listening habits.
         | That's just having some insights into the domain, several as is
         | the case with Napster. Music industry execs in those days
         | probably had domain expertise on contract law, revenue sharing
         | models, marketing and didn't have a clue about file sharing or
         | audio compression.
         | 
         | Also want to mention the examples you mention seem to have not
         | much "newness" to them to be "crazy new" in my opinion.
         | 
         | When I think of "crazy new" ideas, I think of things like stuff
         | that came out of PARC in the 60's. If you go watch the Stanford
         | 2 part series "How To Invent The Future" with Alan Kay on
         | youtube [0] it goes into a lot of detail about them.
         | 
         | The challenge there with Xerox was they couldn't capitalize on
         | every single idea that came out, just not logistically possible
         | for a company to really do that.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=id1WShzzMCQ
        
         | tomhoward wrote:
         | He didn't say "the accepted circle". Just domain experts.
         | 
         | Larry Page and Sergey Brin were domain experts - they were
         | doing a PhD dissertation on mapping and indexing the web.
         | 
         | The other businesses you mention aren't all that crazy; they
         | just needed good implementation.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | SpaceX and Tesla came 'out of' PayPal.
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | > the crux is that most ideas that turn out to be revolutionary
         | just don't originate within the accepted circle of domain
         | experts, exactly because being a domain expert makes you more
         | unlikely to think out of the box.
         | 
         | I don't know about that... look at physics for example. You
         | have plenty of experts who are total mavericks and then a bunch
         | of outsiders spewing crankery and messing up on the basics.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Those are all excellent examples of the main reason why
         | innovation can not be done in established businesses: the fear
         | of cannibalizing the cash cow will stifle any real innovation.
        
           | kolinko wrote:
           | Bell Labs is a counterexample to what you said. It developed
           | the first transistor, photovoltaic cell, fiberiptic, lasers,
           | cctv and some other things. Oh, and cellphones of course.
           | 
           | Ditto Xerox Parc and modern user interfaces, ethernet and and
           | laser printers.
        
             | ta988 wrote:
             | Agreed, it wiuld be more accurate to say it is not possible
             | in companies that are optimizing finances short-term. Bell
             | invested a ton of money with the hope it would bring
             | results long term. I have yet to see a company's board
             | authorizing that now...
        
           | gustavo-fring wrote:
           | Was the Playstation not revolutionary?
        
             | AnIdiotOnTheNet wrote:
             | I don't think so, at least not in any technical aspect.
             | Pretty much everything about the tech was a logical
             | extension of industry trends. It began life as a CD-ROM
             | add-on for the SNES similar to Sega's SegaCD for the
             | Genesis/MegaDrive. Outside the technology, the low license
             | cost and relative ease of developing for it built a
             | sizeable and varied library of games, which I think was a
             | major contributor to its success, but neither of those
             | things strike me as particularly revolutionary.
        
         | taurath wrote:
         | It's also just as often someone who's worked in an industry for
         | a while and has a bunch of good ideas from understanding the
         | problems. We put the college kids making big companies on a
         | pedestal but most startups are from people who know the domain.
         | 
         | You won't find a revolutionary import/export company that
         | doesn't have some knowledge about the logistics industry. But
         | you are more likely to be paying attention to new technologies
         | as they emerge that might allow you to come up with the
         | revolutionary ideas. I've noticed as I've gotten older I've
         | stopped spending my time fiddling with all my devices. As a
         | result I'm less likely to realize when something new and
         | exciting might be within reach, until it hits a higher point on
         | the bell curve of maturity.
        
         | phenkdo wrote:
         | However, for everyone of those examples there are many counter-
         | examples: Intel came out of Shockley, ex-IBMers went onto found
         | several other companies (SAP, Peoplesoft,...)...
         | 
         | So Im skeptical of this outsider/insider characterization, IMHO
         | it's almost always the individuals.
        
           | adrianmsmith wrote:
           | I agree. The iPhone is the perfect counter-example to this
           | narrative: perhaps one of the most revolutionary pieces of
           | hardware or software in the last 20 years, it came out of
           | Apple, an established company at the time.
        
           | enumjorge wrote:
           | Yeah this feels like an example of a narrative that sounds
           | compelling but could easily be overstated. How many
           | breakthrough innovations have "insiders" made that aren't as
           | noteworthy because they are more expected? Google was given
           | as an example by the parent comment. Google also made a lot
           | of breakthrough innovations in the distributed systems and
           | browsers space after their outsiders phase.
        
       | heipei wrote:
       | Let's try something fun and imagine Mighty (and similar RBI
       | services) were the only browsers available when finally Google,
       | Microsoft and Mozilla launch their own browsers. Imagine the
       | headlines:
       | 
       | "Run your own browser for free, forever, without having to sign
       | up or put in your credit card!"
       | 
       | "Run your own browser, even when your network connectivity is
       | bad!" -
       | 
       | "Run your own browser to access resources on your corporate
       | intranet that are not available on the Internet".
       | 
       | "Run your own browser, you stay in charge of your data, login
       | credentials and browsing history!"
       | 
       | "Run your own browser which efficiently caches resources locally
       | so you only have to download them once instead of a constant 4K
       | video stream".
        
       | Nihmie wrote:
       | Everything Paul wrote about in this post resonated with me. He
       | avoided any examples, and looking through these HN comments, it's
       | clear why. A lot of people assume that his experiences are
       | specific, but no, there really is a culture of shooting down
       | crazy new ideas.
       | 
       | I can think of a few examples of crazy ideas being dismissed. I
       | remember seeing this post where someone was trying to figure out
       | if it was possible to verify that a photo was either undoctored
       | or else that someone went through a lot of trouble to hack the
       | camera hardware of a phone. The post started off in the vein of,
       | "Here's this idea, and even though it sounds crazy, I can't
       | convince myself that it's a bad idea." The peanut gallery had all
       | sorts of reasons that it was a bad idea -- I think my favorite
       | reason was that it would be immoral to try to provide this
       | capability. Paul's essay suggests a few reasons that this crazy
       | idea might have generated such a personal attack.
       | 
       | Crazy new ideas are uncomfortable. I'm reminded of "Pitch
       | Anything" by Oren Klaff, which describes the "croc brain" that
       | protects the higher functioning parts of our brain by trying to
       | discard anything that is uncomfortable. A crazy new idea
       | challenges our worldview, so it's going to be uncomfortable.
       | 
       | There's a class of ideas that engineers are comfortable with:
       | incremental improvements. If there's a framework in place to
       | evaluate an idea, it doesn't make people so uncomfortable. By
       | extension, if an idea is non-incremental, meaning it's a crazy
       | new idea, then since it makes us uncomfortable, it should be
       | rejected immediately.
       | 
       | I remember a conversation about the value of an idea. There's the
       | school of thought that ideas are worthless -- a monkey with a
       | typewriter can hammer out ten ideas before their breakfast
       | banana. Another viewpoint recognizes that good ideas are
       | important starting points, but after that the only thing that
       | matters is hard work.
       | 
       | My feeling is that crazy new ideas are more like a lottery
       | ticket: probably worthless. I don't know, maybe the peanut
       | gallery is right. Since the lottery ticket is probably worthless,
       | the easiest thing to do is to toss them all in the trash before
       | checking them against the winning numbers.
        
         | taytus wrote:
         | > He avoided any examples
         | 
         | Because _most_ people following HN knew about what
         | _SPECIFICALLY_ he was talking about.
         | 
         | This was a reaction, not something that happened out of
         | nowhere.
        
       | stephc_int13 wrote:
       | In case someone missed the story, Paul Graham is indirectly
       | talking about the feedback received by Mighty App.
       | 
       | And in this particular case, I don't think this is a valid
       | defense.
       | 
       | First, he clearly has too much skin in the game to be credibly
       | neutral about it.
       | 
       | Second, he avoids addressing the main critique about this "new
       | tech".
       | 
       | People are not claiming that it is a bad idea because it is
       | infeasible or not valuable, but because it is dangerous and also
       | because it sounds technically ridiculous. (thin client inside
       | thin client)
       | 
       | https://www.mightyapp.com/
       | https://twitter.com/Jonathan_Blow/status/1387101172230672389
       | https://twitter.com/cmuratori/status/1387645578067124224
        
         | dunkelheit wrote:
         | > First, he clearly has too much skin in the game to be
         | credibly neutral about it.
         | 
         | I think this is a general and important point (and sadly not at
         | all discussed in his post). When an expert publicly says
         | something that seems wrong, my default explanation is that they
         | have a vested interest that consciously or unconsciously forces
         | them to consider the implications of what they say and alter
         | the message accordingly. Recent case in point: public health
         | authorities telling the public that masks are useless and even
         | harmful during the pandemic (presumably to avoid shortages) and
         | then reversing their stance when masks became abundant.
         | 
         | This is especially true for public statements. If I were a
         | friend of pg and we would go to a pub and he would not stop
         | talking about how awesome one of the startups he invested in
         | are, that would be a strong signal for me. But if he shills for
         | one of his investments on twitter and on his blog just like
         | some influencer-investor would do, I don't find this especially
         | strong evidence that said startup is revolutionary even though
         | he is an undisputed expert on startups.
        
           | NikolaNovak wrote:
           | >>"Recent case in point: public health authorities telling
           | the public that masks are useless and even harmful during the
           | pandemic (presumably to avoid shortages) and then reversing
           | their stance when masks became abundant."
           | 
           | I agree with your general point, but my interpretation of
           | those events has additional axis:
           | 
           | 1. Masks are in shortage, and may not protect you, and public
           | doesn't know how to use them and will probably do more harm
           | than help by reusing and handling and touching their masks
           | 
           | Then as time passed and we learned more
           | 
           | 2. This is getting bad; even if masks don't save the person
           | wearing them, if it helps _others_ , we are at a point where
           | we need all the help we can get. Please wear masks to help
           | slow the overall spread.
           | 
           | While there's definitely part of the complex factoring of the
           | recommendation that masks became more abundant, I feel
           | initial message was "Crappy masks won't save you" and later
           | message "Crappy masks won't save you, but may save others
           | from yourself"
           | 
           | 98% of people I talk to don't understand that surgical mask /
           | cloth mask will do extremely poor job of protecting them; but
           | may protect others. (it also adds an axis of complexity for
           | those who don't want to wear masks because they feel they
           | have the right not to protect themselves, because that's not
           | what mainstream masks are for; it's not about wearing a
           | helmet or not to protect your own head; it's about protecting
           | heads of those around you)
        
             | LudwigNagasena wrote:
             | > Then as time passed and we learned more
             | 
             | Yeah, lots of time has passed since people started to use
             | masks to prevent a spread of infection. Like, 100 years?
        
               | NikolaNovak wrote:
               | That's sarcasm but let me try to address the notion
               | behind it, to best of my limited personal understanding;
               | "prevent spread" has multiple factors to it.
               | 
               | My impression, in my locality, is that at beginning of
               | pandemic people focused on notion of using masks to
               | protect themselves (and many though not all governments
               | indicated that's not efficient/recommended).
               | 
               | Then "as time passed and we learned more" focus moved to
               | using masks to protect others (though many individuals,
               | in my circle, still aren't clear on that).
               | 
               | My impression is that we have evolving, and still not
               | necessarily 100% certain evidence/understanding, on how
               | it spreads and what are the most effective measures. It's
               | made more complex because
               | 
               | a) there's no silver bullet; most measures increase your
               | chances to some percentage. This makes discussion between
               | experts and public more difficult as public tends to
               | think in binary terms.
               | 
               | b) While yes there are many public health measures we've
               | known for 100 years (wash hands, have clean water,
               | cook/boil/heat things to sterilize them, sneeze in
               | elbow/Kleenex, wear mask, remove waste, etc etc), not all
               | are equally effective against all vectors. What seems
               | "Common sense" / "Logical" to a layperson like myself,
               | may be more nuanced to an expert with experience.
               | 
               | I mean, for what it's worth, I'm 100% certain my dad, a
               | year in, is still worse off for using a mask _because of
               | how he uses it_. Many and especially older people around
               | me reuse their masks for days and weeks , touch them
               | constantly, put them under their nose for prolonged
               | periods, don 't squeeze/tighten them sufficiently, etc.
               | Even if all that touching doesn't hurt, their belief that
               | they're protected coupled with incorrect usage coupled
               | with likely increase in risky behaviour is a net
               | negative.
               | 
               | People can scream liberty and freedoms and personal
               | responsibility, but I feel public health officials have
               | to look at cold hard facts, of both disease but also
               | people's actual behaviour (as opposed to some ideal non-
               | existent form) and how it actually affects spread rather
               | than how it logically intuitively should.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | I think OP meant the general public's familiarity with
               | using masks day to day. I think Japan has had the jump on
               | the US for some time in that regard.
        
             | mumblemumble wrote:
             | And then, when they finally got around to actually applying
             | some science to the question, the message became, "Surgical
             | and (decent) cloth masks will protect others from yourself,
             | and may also protect you."
             | 
             | I can't track down papers atm, but, on a more anecdotal
             | level, there have been quite a few case studies of
             | superspreader events where the people who were wearing
             | masks were much less likely to contract the illness than
             | people who weren't. Given the specific details at play,
             | it's hard to explain how that could happen if cloth or
             | surgical masks don't protect oneself as well.
             | 
             | The big problem here was that, early on, nobody knew
             | exactly how the virus spread. So, in the interest of
             | caution, they picked the worst case scenario, aerosol
             | transmission, and speculated based on that assumption. And
             | a cloth or surgical mask probably won't protect the wearer
             | very well in that case. But it turns out that droplet
             | transmission seems to be the better model.
        
               | __blockcipher__ wrote:
               | > The big problem here was that, early on, nobody knew
               | exactly how the virus spread. So, in the interest of
               | caution, they picked the worst case scenario, aerosol
               | transmission, and speculated based on that assumption.
               | And a cloth or surgical mask probably won't protect the
               | wearer very well in that case. But it turns out that
               | droplet transmission seems to be the better model.
               | 
               | So close but so far.
               | 
               | At a minimum please give https://www.thelancet.com/journa
               | ls/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6... a read. The real story is
               | that SARS-2 does spread through aerosols whereas droplet
               | transmission is pure unproven dogma. The paper I linked
               | goes into some reasons why that is the case (for ex the
               | fact that transmission is more likely close to someone
               | doesn't actually provide strong evidence for droplet
               | xmission)
               | 
               | EDIT: I should add that even if it were primarily droplet
               | transmission - which I very much doubt - masking would
               | likely still fail for the stated goal (source control) in
               | a community setting due to improper usage. And improper
               | usage doesn't just mean "the mask is below your nose", it
               | means "you're not changing out the mask the _moment_ it
               | gets damp ", "you're touching your mask with unwashed
               | hands", "you're touching your hands with unwashed mask",
               | "you're standing closer to your conversational partner to
               | compensate for the fact that masks muffle hearing"
               | (<--this last one isn't "improper usage" so much as an
               | inevitable result but I digress). And this is all without
               | discussing any of the various negatives of mask-wearing
               | that it's become trendy to pretend literally don't exist.
               | 
               | But to your point, you already correctly hinted at the
               | fact that if aerosol transmission is the dominant
               | transmission mode, then masks don't work even in theory,
               | let alone in practice.
        
             | diyseguy wrote:
             | The problem is they lost all credibility with the public
             | for that very obvious deception.
        
               | NikolaNovak wrote:
               | Which deception? I did not indicate one in my post so
               | reference to " _that_ very obvious deception " is not
               | clear to me.
               | 
               | note: "Evolving understanding/new facts" or
               | "new/differing priorities" are not the same as
               | "deception" to me. e.g.:
               | 
               | * Thinking A and Saying A; then changing mind and
               | Thinking B and Saying B; are not a deception
               | 
               | * Saying "Because of X, A"; then later "Because of Y, B",
               | because Y became more important than X, is also not
               | deception to me
               | 
               | * Thinking A but Saying B is a deception to me (for
               | reasons and intents that I may or may not agree with)
        
               | ziml77 wrote:
               | I'm with you. To me, it was pretty clear why they were
               | making recommendations in the way that they did. There
               | was no secret about why they wanted to limit the supply
               | of masks going to the public at the start of the
               | pandemic. They didn't know for sure how it spread, but
               | they did know that the most important places to have
               | masks were the hospitals. You need to be extraordinarily
               | cautious there because every hospital worker that gets
               | sick reduces the number of people available to deal with
               | patients (and adds another patient). There was also
               | concern about face touching if people not used to masks
               | started wearing them, but I only recall seeing that being
               | a concern when it came to sending children to school with
               | masks.
               | 
               | Once the mask supply was able to meet demand and after
               | they were reasonably certain it would protect against the
               | spread of the virus, they adjusted their recommendations
               | accordingly.
               | 
               | None of that is deceptive.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | > 98% of people I talk to don't understand that surgical
             | mask / cloth mask will do extremely poor job of protecting
             | them
             | 
             | This was the line for a while, but since we now know that
             | it's an airborne infection that basically accumulates when
             | you're in close proximity to someone infected until it
             | reaches a critical point where it can grow faster than your
             | body can fight it off, the mask is the only thing that's
             | slowing it down.
             | 
             | Masks (and good ventilation) are about the only thing that
             | protects you - social distancing means nothing because
             | coronavirus isn't confined to the larger droplets we
             | thought it was. Mask-wearing seems to result in less-
             | serious infections even when you catch it because your
             | initial infection was likely by less virus.
             | 
             | edit: I think there was an official reluctance to admit
             | that it was completely airborne because the constant
             | attempts to reopen businesses (like restaurants) would have
             | been completely thwarted if social distancing (and constant
             | surface sterilization) were meaningless.
        
         | adenta wrote:
         | Imagine not having to think about cross browser comparability.
         | Customer wants to use internet explorer? Just head to
         | ie.example.com, for a mighty version of a given website.
        
           | tsimionescu wrote:
           | What happens when Mighty's competitors offer slightly
           | different browser emulations and you now have to build your
           | web app for Mighty and Weakly and Mediocry as well?
        
         | fossuser wrote:
         | > " People are not claiming that it is a bad idea because it is
         | infeasible or not valuable, but because it is dangerous and
         | also because it sounds technically ridiculous. (thin client
         | inside thin client)"
         | 
         | This is the kind of asymmetric dismissal he's talking about,
         | and it's not very good.
         | 
         | Dangerous? We run everything via cloud services and encrypted
         | communication. "Sounds technically ridiculous" - so did
         | probably every modern technological idea when it was new "you
         | put your database in some other company's servers?!".
         | 
         | You're mostly proving PG's point.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | We can still create and run programs on our computers. This
           | is more important than you think.
           | 
           | Delegating power/freedom is dangerous, we're already
           | delegating too much.
        
             | fossuser wrote:
             | Yeah I mean I'm with you - I like local control and I think
             | Urbit is cool because of this.
             | 
             | That said, the potential for mighty is real and dismissing
             | it for these reasons is dumb. The same logic would have
             | also dismissed nearly all modern wildly successful tech
             | companies.
        
           | solosoyokaze wrote:
           | From a privacy perspective alone, it's a terrible idea to
           | give a company your browsing data.
           | 
           | That _is_ dangerous and certainly not best practice. The
           | critique is valid.
        
         | stephc_int13 wrote:
         | This idea of a dumb client is not new, it has been around
         | basically forever, but we're seeing it again in multiple
         | different incarnations because it could be huge.
         | 
         | And I mean that in a bad way.
         | 
         | Privacy and users rights are already pretty bad, but we still
         | own our computers.
         | 
         | I can see how it would start in the corporate world.
        
           | bsedlm wrote:
           | It's like they don't understand that (seemingly) forgotten
           | archiectural principle of the internet which says that the
           | "intelligence" goes in the ends: i.e. the leaves are smart,
           | the nodes are as dumb as pipes.
           | 
           | Thus they insist on making the nodes (the servers) smart and
           | the clients (leaves) dumb.
        
             | freeopinion wrote:
             | I think the "architectural principle of the internet" is
             | not what you suggest.
             | 
             | Years ago, I pushed as much work onto the client as
             | possible to reduce the workload on my servers. Now, people
             | complain if you push too much work onto their phones. They
             | want the server to do the heavy lifting so the app can be
             | more responsive on their low-powered mobile client.
             | 
             | "The internet" doesn't define how much weight each end of a
             | connection should bear. It doesn't really even dictate that
             | there are only two ends.
             | 
             | Should a webapp have a braindead REST api with a select,
             | insert, update, delete for each table of the underlying db
             | model and have the client make 1000 nested calls to the
             | server to render the simplest thing? Or should the server
             | api be much more sophisticated so that a single api call
             | can provide all the information required for the render?
             | 
             | There's no one right answer just because "internet".
        
             | razorfen wrote:
             | It's the first I'd heard of this axiom. Can you give an
             | example of that in a real architecture?
             | 
             | I think about a central server with multiple terminals on a
             | network. There the node is the beefy boi and the terminals
             | are just I/O devices. Kind of similar to what MightyApp is
             | doing - except with fewer privacy concerns :)
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | But no one uses that architecture anymore. To the extent
               | that you have a terminal on a remote server, you use it
               | to configure the server, from your own thick client.
        
               | freeopinion wrote:
               | Is it true that chromebooks outsell other laptops?
        
               | dunkelheit wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-to-end_principle
               | 
               | It is not an axiom though, but rather an architectural
               | guideline that comes with its own set of trade-offs and
               | must be applied judiciously.
        
             | stephc_int13 wrote:
             | This is true from a technical perspective, and this is
             | probably why the web is still not perfectly sound from an
             | engineering point of view.
             | 
             | But from a business perspective, there is huge value in
             | dumb clients (not for the end-user)
        
             | vidarh wrote:
             | There's an ongoing tension here between software getting
             | complex enough to be slow and people wanting to move
             | computation to servers.
             | 
             | The problem with that, of course, is that the clients
             | inevitably gets faster, and cheaper, and software gets
             | pushed to the leaves again.
             | 
             | We're carrying around what used to be super computers.
             | 
             | This is also why I would be very cautious about investing
             | in something that bets on offloading computation from
             | clients: If you time it right, it could be huge for a
             | while, but you're betting against advances in the speed and
             | cost of computation. The same advances you'll rely on to
             | scale and drive down costs.
             | 
             | As such it feels to me like they're playing a game of
             | musical chairs.
        
               | stephc_int13 wrote:
               | Yes, this is a seemingly never-ending cycle.
               | 
               | 1. Software is too heavy, let's push it on the server 2.
               | Dumb client gets faster 3. Servers cost money, let's use
               | the unused CPU cycles on the client 4. Bloatware happens,
               | go back to 1.
        
               | gwright wrote:
               | I think you are leaving out the data story. It is very
               | difficult to push data to the edges, you can easily run
               | into volume or consistency problems.
               | 
               | No surprise that this means that there is no single
               | solution. Complexity sometimes makes sense at the edges
               | and sometimes make sense in the core. It just depends.
               | 
               | I think we have a lot to learn about building systems
               | that give us the flexibility to move things around as
               | needed. Plan 9 was interesting from that point of view
               | because it gave a way for edge resources and core
               | resources to be composed via 9P at any place in the
               | network.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | I don't buy that data is a technical problem. It's a
               | business problem in as much as holding users data hostage
               | is central to a lot of business plan. All of the data in
               | my Google account, for example, fits on a microsd card.
               | Of course I want backups of it, and so I don't want to
               | actually store it on a single microsd card, but the point
               | is that this doesn't require much logic at the core. You
               | can push processing to the edge while using a storage
               | service. But you can push storage services _towards the
               | edge_ too. For a lot of data we already employ near
               | write-once for the core of the data, which is ideally
               | suited for synchronisation schemes over fully connected
               | centralised storage. Your e-mail, and things like Google
               | Photos are good examples.
               | 
               | Consistency is less of a challenge than it might seem.
               | It's a challenge if you're frequently disconnected from
               | the network for extensive periods of time and might
               | access _and modify_ data from multiple disconnected
               | devices in that period (note _modify_ , not augment and
               | create something new, which is easy to accommodate). But
               | supporting that is very different from supporting mostly-
               | local computation.
        
           | bewo001 wrote:
           | If you have to manage 100s of devices, you prefer thin
           | clients. As a user, you want control over your device and
           | rich functionality. Dumb clients usually give you dumb
           | services.
           | 
           | I thought we have moved past thin clients and moved on to
           | centrally managed software, either in the form of javascript
           | web apps or as apps from an app store.
        
         | breck wrote:
         | Mighty is such an obviously good idea, and if you've spent
         | decades on the cutting edge of the web you'd understand why.
         | People's demands for more powerful web apps are for all intents
         | and purposes _infinite_ , and it is much more pleasant as a
         | developer to develop once, run anywhere, than to develop an app
         | for low powered clients and a different one for high powered
         | ones.
        
           | intergalplan wrote:
           | For me, the question becomes--if we must write applications
           | to one target that's going to run on a server anyway--why oh
           | why must it be web tech? The whole appeal of applications
           | (not documents) in the browser was that they were (kinda,
           | sorta) able to run on any platform. If your target is one
           | browser on one OS, and you're writing an actual _application_
           | , why would you subject yourself, your developers, and your
           | product quality to an HTML + JS UI?
        
             | breck wrote:
             | Write once run on billions of clients but scale to
             | supercomputering power.
        
           | username90 wrote:
           | That will never happen. A large majority of people will never
           | have mighty since it is expensive, webapps will continue to
           | be built to render locally.
           | 
           | People already have a lot of power in their machines for
           | their non-web apps, and it is enough to run web apps as well.
        
           | mumblemumble wrote:
           | Define "powerful".
           | 
           | I'm rocking a 8 year old laptop. I also use NoScript, which
           | means I'm pretty aware of what code webpages are actually
           | running on my computer.
           | 
           | What I've seen is that the things that make it really chug
           | have very little to do with how much actual functionality the
           | website has. Beautiful CSS animations usually aren't too bad,
           | either, even on my old computer. The real performance hogs
           | tend to be things like scrolljacking, telemetry, and dynamic
           | ad placement.
           | 
           | The interesting outlier here is gmail. Gmail fascinates me,
           | because it keeps getting slower and slower, without, as far
           | as I can tell, actually gaining any new capabilities.
        
             | intergalplan wrote:
             | Gmail's so bad now that I only use "classic HTML" Gmail in
             | the browser, and native clients (Apple's Mail, for
             | example). I have _no idea_ how they managed to make a
             | relatively simple  "web app" so huge and heavy. You could
             | add all of full-fat Gmail's features to "classic HTML"
             | Gmail for very little cost in bundle size and active
             | resource use--though the result might not be an "app" in
             | many folks' opinions, I guess. I just know navigating
             | classic Gmail, with its "bad" full-page loads, is way
             | faster than the "efficient" AJAX-style crap on normal
             | Gmail.
             | 
             | Mobile Gmail's not just heavy--it's broken. Whatever
             | stupid, misguided bullshit they're doing with scrolling
             | makes it register clicks where they weren't intended if I'm
             | not _super_ careful.
        
             | breck wrote:
             | > powerful
             | 
             | I want to visualize 1TB of single cell RNA seq data in a
             | browser tab, then open a new tab, change some params, and
             | share the link to a colleague. I want it to be instant.
             | 
             | In the non-multiomics world I also make browser based data
             | visualization software (most recently worked on this, for
             | example: https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus-data-
             | explorer). I want to load up 500GB and facet on multiple
             | dimensions and then share the link and have it all run
             | instantly.
             | 
             | I'm not talking about Gmail and Text editors here. M1s
             | solved that.
        
               | aniforprez wrote:
               | > I want to visualize 1TB of single cell RNA seq data in
               | a browser tab, then open a new tab, change some params,
               | and share the link to a colleague. I want it to be
               | instant.
               | 
               | But why? Wouldn't you be better suited writing a native
               | application that would do this better? This seems like
               | you're building a problem for this solution. Most people
               | use a browser for Gmail and to read news. Your example
               | already works really well on the browser on my phone
        
               | breck wrote:
               | > But why?
               | 
               | Because cancer is incredibly complicated and requires
               | incredible amounts of data, analysis, and
               | *collaboration*.
        
               | aniforprez wrote:
               | The "but why" question was not pointed at visualizing 1TB
               | of single cell RNA sequence data or collaboration. It was
               | pointed at why you'd want to do it in a browser? Why
               | wouldn't you be able to make links and share them from a
               | native application that they can then open in their
               | application?
               | 
               | Maybe I'm missing something in your problem statement but
               | are you downloading all that 1TB in your browser window
               | and changing parameters? If yes Mighty has to download
               | that data too and considering that each user is
               | sequestered, someone you're sharing this with will have
               | to download all that too. If you're not and the
               | visualization is running somewhere else and the result
               | streamed to your system how does Mighty solve that
               | problem?
        
               | breck wrote:
               | > why you'd want to do it in a browser?
               | 
               | Distribution. There's only 1 magic platform that allows
               | you to ship new versions at your own cadence to 100% of
               | people.
               | 
               | Developing for just M1s is great, when all your users are
               | on M1s.
        
               | mumblemumble wrote:
               | This is slightly what I'm thinking, for that particular
               | use case.
               | 
               | The idea that you're going to shove 1TB of data down to
               | the client strikes me as slightly unhinged. Even if we
               | assume you can achieve a sustained transfer rate of one
               | gigabit per second, it's going to take over 2 hours to
               | get a terabyte shoved down to the client. I'm guessing,
               | though, that the actual vizualization is nowhere near one
               | terabyte. Data's going to have to be aggregated somehow,
               | because no computer monitor can display a terabyte worth
               | of information all at once. Even a 4K monitor would fall
               | short by many orders of magnitude.
               | 
               | It would be much faster, and, I think, simpler, to keep
               | the data on a central server, have it generate the
               | visualizations, and push them down to the client.
        
               | aniforprez wrote:
               | > The idea that you're going to shove 1TB of data down to
               | the client strikes me as slightly unhinged
               | 
               | Yeah which is why I asked for clarification from them
               | because it seemed really weird to assert that as a
               | positive for the app?
               | 
               | > It would be much faster, and, I think, simpler, to keep
               | the data on a central server, have it generate the
               | visualizations, and push them down to the client.
               | 
               | Yeah I completely agree but in this case, Mighty would
               | have next to no advantage over just loading the
               | visualization on your own machine. Hence, again the
               | confusion about asserting Mighty as a means to an end
        
               | mumblemumble wrote:
               | Yeah, agreed. I can see Mighty as perhaps being useful as
               | a band-aid to deal with someone else's poor, resource-
               | hungry design.
               | 
               | But if you're the actual app developer, I'm just not
               | seeing a good reason why you would want to deliberately
               | incorporate this technology into your design. Why farm
               | the sever-side rendering out to a middleman when you
               | could just... do server-side rendering?
        
           | NoGravitas wrote:
           | I'm certainly looking forward to seeing how much
           | cryptocurrency I can mine on Mighty, especially if they lower
           | prices later.
        
           | dclowd9901 wrote:
           | The theoretical end you describe -- one where we are all just
           | writing web applications to run in Mighty - sounds incredible
           | but ignores the reality. There will not be 100% or even close
           | to 100% adoption of streaming browsing, especially if it
           | costs $50(!) a month. And you can imagine everything else
           | that will go wrong:
           | 
           | - mighty creates arbitrary APIs that allow more speed so now
           | we have yet another build target
           | 
           | - it manages to become successful, so now competitors jump in
           | and now we have multiple targets to build for.
           | 
           | - god forbid, competitors offer "free" versions that become
           | even more invasive to your browsing
        
         | baron_harkonnen wrote:
         | > Paul Graham is indirectly talking about
         | 
         | I find it strange that for someone that is a relatively immune
         | from any real scrutiny, and constantly claiming to be a bold
         | thinker, PG is always so coy in his writing.
         | 
         | I would find PG's recent stream of ego driven rants much more
         | enjoyable and potentially insightful if he would just say what
         | he's really trying to say.
         | 
         | He might be trying to add strength to his arguments by making
         | them somehow more general, but since these pieces always seem
         | very clearly about a specific bone PG has to pick, the result
         | is they read as some of the most cowardly essays I've ever
         | encountered.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | Agreed.
           | 
           | He is trying to build a stronger case by using an elaborate
           | straw man argument.
           | 
           | Turns out to be quite transparent and poor.
        
         | hardwaregeek wrote:
         | Maybe this is a terrible stance but if the idea pisses off
         | Jonathan Blow and Casey Muratori, I wouldn't take that as a bad
         | sign. jblow and Casey are brilliant programmers and I mean them
         | no disrespect, but their philosophies are certainly in the vein
         | of prescriptive, "correct" ways of writing code. Namely you
         | should write code that is fast and efficient. Unfortunately (or
         | not, depends on your view), programmers do not like
         | prescriptive, "correct" ways of writing code. Worse is better
         | and all. If you give them a cheat code to let them use a little
         | more performance, give them a little more headroom, they'll
         | take it. For all the jblows and muratori's in the world,
         | there's a lot more people who don't care about perf and just
         | want to make cool stuff. For better or worse.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | This is related to programmers tribes.
           | 
           | Casey and Jon and from the engineering tribe. The cool stuff
           | tribe is what I call the business oriented tribe.
           | 
           | But I think you're missing the point.
           | 
           | The technical merits of Mighty is a secondary problem.
        
             | hardwaregeek wrote:
             | Could you expand on what I'm missing? I'd love to hear your
             | analysis (not sarcastic, would love to hear other people's
             | thoughts)
        
               | throwaway17_17 wrote:
               | Obviously not the parent commenter, but I'll give this a
               | shot. I think that Jon and Casey's (and those of like
               | mind) are not commenting on Mighty as a piece of
               | individual tech, but commenting on the fact that Mighty
               | as a product could even be in a position to exist.
               | 
               | I am most likely to phrase the general position (which I
               | think Jon and Casey would support) put forth as follows:
               | the problem a service like Mighty is trying to solve ONLY
               | exists because the standards and practices of modern
               | software development is fundamentally broken.
               | 
               | You even touch on this in your GP post about devs taking
               | the shortcuts to 'making something cool'. As the parent
               | post calls it, the cool stuff tribe are those developers
               | who will use available cheat code because they expect
               | that doing so is acceptable.
               | 
               | Your GP post seems to try and counter the Jon and Casey
               | position by saying that because developers just want to
               | make things that they will and there is no concern for
               | any impacts these accumulating decisions may have. I
               | think the 'you're missing the point' comment derives from
               | here. You seem to be saying that Jon and Casey's position
               | is not palatable to devs because those devs are not
               | concerned with performance and don't like to be told to
               | consider such aspects of the things they make. But, J&C's
               | point is that if the standards for developing software
               | were not so broken then the position of the cheat code
               | using devs would be uniformly decried as substandard and
               | unacceptable. In a world where development standards were
               | in line with J&C's views Mighty would not be in a
               | position to be a viable product because using the web via
               | a native browser accessing properly developed web content
               | would be a pain free and perform any experience.
        
           | throwkeep wrote:
           | "For all the jblows and muratori's in the world, there's a
           | lot more people who don't care about perf and just want to
           | make cool stuff. For better or worse."
           | 
           | And that it's mostly people who don't care about this on
           | deeper level are why we have such a bloated ecosystem. Layers
           | of bad code stacked on layers of bad code.
           | 
           | If there were more jblows and muratori's in the world, Mighty
           | would have no reason to exist. The web would already be
           | performant. That PaulG is bullish on Mighty strikes me as a
           | pessimistic view and a bet that the underlying problem won't
           | be solved.
        
             | hardwaregeek wrote:
             | Yeah I mean I'm not saying it's a good thing that Mighty
             | exists or that it might succeed. I'm just saying that we
             | shouldn't take pithy Twitter replies as evidence it'll
             | fail.
        
           | arduinomancer wrote:
           | > Namely you should write code that is fast and efficient
           | 
           | I don't think this is accurate. I watched a talk with
           | Jonathan Blow recently and he went on for quite a while
           | railing against premature optimization.
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/JjDsP5n2kSM?t=561
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | Perhaps he is indirectly talking about Mighty. We could still
         | consider what he says here on its own merits.
        
         | fsociety wrote:
         | Not to mention the privacy concerns of allowing someone else's
         | machine to proxy all of your web requests.
        
           | xfer wrote:
           | This doesn't look like an end-user product, so it's mostly
           | can you trust/audit the company? Most of them are already
           | using aws to host their data.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | Yeah, that's the point, this is why this "tech" is not what
           | we want/need.
        
             | intergalplan wrote:
             | I have trouble seeing how it's going to find a sustainable
             | market _except_ as business spyware /leak-prevention. Which
             | is _yet another_ reason I 'm not a fan of the idea. In that
             | capacity it may actually manage to survive and even thrive,
             | but I'm not going to be happy about it.
        
               | stephc_int13 wrote:
               | They simply didn't reveal the business model yet.
               | 
               | The $50 subscription is to avoid flooding their servers
               | while testing the software.
               | 
               | This product will likely starts as a corporate malware
               | but once the beta is over and their tech is really
               | working at scale (more difficult than you might think)
               | they'll probably give it for free or very cheap.
        
               | intergalplan wrote:
               | > This product will likely starts as a corporate malware
               | but once the beta is over and their tech is really
               | working at scale (more difficult than you might think)
               | they'll probably give it for free or very cheap.
               | 
               | So you think it _is_ a dragnet-surveillance get-acquired-
               | for-our-data play, longer term? That 's even worse, if
               | so.
        
               | stephc_int13 wrote:
               | In short, yes. But being acquired is probably only seen
               | as a salvage plan at this stage.
        
               | username90 wrote:
               | > they'll probably give it for free or very cheap.
               | 
               | They wont give away this for free:
               | 
               | > Each browser instance gets 16 vCPUs using state-of-the-
               | art Intel CPUs running at up to 4.0 GHz.
               | 
               | People would mine bitcoins with it. Not to mention they'd
               | be footing more than all of youtubes bandwidth costs if
               | this gets popular.
        
               | aniforprez wrote:
               | My IMMEDIATE reaction to this was someone is gonna pay
               | $50 a month to possibly make more money than that mining
               | cryptos on the browser. JS crypto miners are already
               | there now they just need to pay some numpty to run a
               | browser somewhere with more resources. They're even
               | offering GPU-level processing!
        
               | stephc_int13 wrote:
               | If won't happen overnight, but if they are successful
               | with this tech it simply won't make sense to put friction
               | in front of it.
        
         | citrusybread wrote:
         | hahaha, fuck, I remember ages ago, maybe 2013, when people were
         | trying to get me to buy into the "web 2.0" craze -- "Web is the
         | future!", "web can scale!", "nobody will install apps!", "your
         | stuff will be accessible everywhere!"
         | 
         | funny how they all turned out to be mixed bags. the best part?
         | people telling me web apps are "lighter". even back then I knew
         | that was a hot load of bullshit.
         | 
         | good to know the other shoe has dropped and we're really going
         | full-circle to thin clients/mainframes, but shittier.
        
         | dannyphantom wrote:
         | Could perhaps the idea of a thin client inside a thin client
         | not be an idea that could be further developed to be of use one
         | day?
        
         | heipei wrote:
         | I lost a decent amount of respect for pg due to how he keeps
         | portraying Mighty like it's gonna change how we use the
         | Internet and computers in general. Like, really?
         | 
         | I don't mind Mighty as a product, I don't mind their team,
         | their pricing or their slick marketing website. But please,
         | call it what it is: A nice and slick Remote Browsing product,
         | one of multiple ones. Cloudflare recently launched an RBI
         | product with much more humble and honest marketing about where
         | it will be useful.
        
           | valine wrote:
           | I was critical of Mighty on twitter, but not because I think
           | it can't succeed. I don't want it to succeed. The whole
           | concept is solving a problem that shouldn't need to be
           | solved, ie running bloated web apps on commodity hardware.
           | Mighty is essentially subsidizing bad software engineering
           | practices and passing that cost onto the end consumer in the
           | form of a monthly subscription service. I don't want to pay
           | $30 a month so that Adobe can spend less on R&D optimizing
           | their web apps.
        
             | heipei wrote:
             | I believe it will be a successful business by normal
             | measures, but not live up to the hype and vision of its
             | founders and investors. I think there will be market for a
             | tool, especially with enterprises where people are forced
             | to use a particularly slow web-app or need other isolation
             | features.
             | 
             | But for other people? Can you imagine Adobe saying "Here is
             | our product, now please purchase this third-party cloud
             | service to be able to use it." They either improve their
             | software or launch their own server-driven app to capture
             | those $30. That's my take.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | suhail wrote:
         | He might also be talking about many more ideas too: Dropbox,
         | Boom, Lambda School, and another dozen ideas within YC that all
         | seem surprisingly possible. You can criticize him for having
         | skin in the game but you could equally commend him too: he puts
         | his money where his mouth is.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | I think this is other way around. He talks/write to promote
           | his ventures.
        
           | blocked_again wrote:
           | > Dropbox, Boom, Lambda School, and another dozen ideas
           | within YC that all seem surprisingly possible.
           | 
           | Well if you fund 1000s of ideas, some of them are bound to be
           | successfull. There is no surprise there. That's basic maths.
        
           | alonmower wrote:
           | He puts his mouth where his money is*
        
         | cmiles74 wrote:
         | Wasn't this a feature of Amazon's Silk browser?
         | 
         | "The browser uses a split architecture where some of the
         | processing is performed on Amazon's servers to improve webpage
         | loading performance."
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Silk
        
           | twobitshifter wrote:
           | Silk, Puffin, Opera Mini, Opera Turbo, Maxthon - are all
           | predecessors.
        
             | stephc_int13 wrote:
             | Well, this idea of a remote browser has some predecessors
             | but the true lineage goes back to VT-80 and mainframes.
        
           | ProAm wrote:
           | Opera Mini did it first.
        
             | iscrewyou wrote:
             | I was young when that was first announced and privacy
             | wasn't as big deal or a concern as it is these days. I
             | remember it making the news and me being excited about it
             | and noticing how fast everything was. It took a day or two
             | for my brain to catch up and ask "this means they have
             | access to everything?"
             | 
             | I abandoned it right away.
        
         | dotdotdotdot wrote:
         | > People are not claiming that it is a bad idea because it is
         | infeasible or not valuable, but because it is dangerous and
         | also because it sounds technically ridiculous.
         | 
         | An idea isn't bad if it's valuable and built on ridiculous /
         | dumb / silly / simple / old technology. A product should be
         | measured on output, not input... in fact I'd go as far as to
         | say that we (hackers) should celebrate ideas that deliver
         | incredible value with such a simple implementation.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | I agree that being ridiculous is not sufficient to discard
           | it.
           | 
           | Many things are considered ridiculous or impossible before
           | they work.
           | 
           | The main point is that yes it could work and be valuable, but
           | not for the end-user. It would be mostly valuable because of
           | the transfer of power from the user to the server.
           | 
           | We should know better, we should learn from the lessons of
           | the recent past, we should be more careful before giving away
           | our freedom (power is highly correlated to individual
           | freedom)
        
         | yifanl wrote:
         | This domain is frustrating to talk about as a technical person
         | because success isn't based on technical soundness, but rather
         | popularity.
         | 
         | So any argument I could realistically make against
         | $sillyAppThatHasVCBacking will not matter if enough Paul
         | Grahams back it and $sillyApp makes itself a moat.
         | 
         | WeWork would be the most prominent example of this; even after
         | their 2019/2020 crash, they'll probably come out of the
         | pandemic okay compared to its competitors simply because it
         | just got big enough.
        
           | Kye wrote:
           | The Behind the Bastards series on this was great.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | notsureaboutpg wrote:
           | You're right. Prominent unicorn competitors to WeWork filed
           | for bankruptcy during the pandemic. One example below
           | 
           | https://techcrunch.com/2021/02/05/a-look-at-how-proptech-
           | sta...
        
         | choiway wrote:
         | It's funny how this context changes the entire the article. I
         | didn't realize that this was related to Mighty and thought it
         | was a good "call to arms" for domain experts in non-tech
         | industries to disrupt their markets.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | elcapitan wrote:
         | > First, he clearly has too much skin in the game
         | 
         | That sounds like an odd use of "skin in the game". "Skin in the
         | game" would be if that thing failed and then he gets skinned,
         | basically. Being invested in something with potentially lots of
         | upside and worst case a bit of lost investment isn't like that.
        
           | drcongo wrote:
           | No, it literally means "being invested in something"
           | regardless of the rest.
        
             | elcapitan wrote:
             | No it's not regardless of the rest. It implies actual risk.
             | Some rich dude losing a dime is not skin in the game,
             | unless the phrase is meant as completely meaningless
             | masturbation. "Skin" implies an actual impact, otherwise
             | it's just "in the game".
        
               | uglygoblin wrote:
               | You are making it all about money but things like
               | reputation, legacy, and ego can easily be "skin in the
               | game".
        
               | elcapitan wrote:
               | Like .. what? Will people spit at him in the streets, if
               | the company fails? Will they come with torches and
               | pitchforks to his house and yell "it was a bad idea to
               | run a browser in the cloud"?
        
               | drcongo wrote:
               | It's interesting that you need any of this spelling out,
               | especially as you're so irate about a turn of phrase, but
               | even the post you're replying to here is politely
               | spelling it out for you. Reputation _is_ money when
               | you're a VC. You appear to be arguing with yourself and
               | making up things to be angry about.
        
               | elcapitan wrote:
               | Nope, but I understand it's more convenient to think
               | that.
        
         | FlyingSnake wrote:
         | It's quite illuminating to see the very forum that PG created
         | is calling him out on his shortcomings. Almost all the recent
         | posts by PG were panned down by HN hivemind and PG seems to
         | take no hints from the wisdom of the HN crowd. The case with
         | MightyApp is the latest in the saga.
        
         | vgchh wrote:
         | - Personally I don't think PG is defending mighty app because
         | he has skin in the game. I would think he is at a point where
         | he doesn't need to.
         | 
         | - Also IMO we should let mighty app (or for that matter other
         | crazy ones) play out. We all know little about the capabilities
         | of individuals and what the future holds. So why to ridicule
         | and prematurely declare certain death.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | - I disagree about your first point, he is a player and do
           | not like losing.
           | 
           | - I would agree with your second point about most tech, but
           | this is special, I'd say this is political.
        
           | wraptile wrote:
           | Couldn't disagree with you second point more: you shouldn't
           | let dangerous tech "play-out". It's much easier to kill
           | snakes just as they've hatched. Basically every bad thing
           | about web and software in general was born as "play it out"
           | and then it grew to big to be killed.
        
             | stephc_int13 wrote:
             | Yes, we should know better, we've seen this story being
             | played out a few times.
             | 
             | Delegating power/freedom is always dangerous, especially if
             | you're doing it for free.
        
             | Igelau wrote:
             | Hold it. I agree with you, but I'm having a language nerd
             | moment. This feels like one of those "catch more flies with
             | honey than vinegar" things, where although the point is
             | made clearly, the metaphor is literally false (vinegar is
             | incredibly good bait for catching flies).
             | 
             | > It's much easier to kill snakes just as they've hatched.
             | 
             | Aren't a ton of itty bitty snakes going to be harder to
             | kill than one big snake? I've never tried to kill snakes of
             | any age myself, so I could be _way_ off.
        
         | nojs wrote:
         | I wish he would say this in the post!
        
           | Igelau wrote:
           | Then he'd have to face specific arguments. This way it looks
           | like it's some general wisdom, and anyone who isn't
           | enthusiastic about Mighty App can be painted as the unsavory
           | characters he invents. How easily this army of strawmen is
           | burnt to a crisp!
           | 
           | The Jealous Nerd:
           | 
           | > One reason they do it is envy
           | 
           | The Hipster:
           | 
           | > it's an easy way to seem sophisticated
           | 
           | The Dark Ages Inquisitor:
           | 
           | > Darwin's harshest critics were churchmen
           | 
           | The Luddites and Sheep:
           | 
           | > the sheer pervasiveness of the current paradigm
           | 
           | This replies to none of the legitimate criticism, and manages
           | to be _more dismissive_ by filing everything under  "crabs in
           | a bucket, extra salty".
        
         | john_minsk wrote:
         | So during their onboarding process they have a survey about
         | your usage patterns. One of the questions is about speed of
         | switching between tabs and one of the answers is "Tabs are
         | switched very fast (<1 sec)"
         | 
         | I'm sorry, but 1 sec is not fast...
        
       | demygale wrote:
       | Does Thiel count as reasonable?
        
       | Y_Y wrote:
       | I was hoping he was going to provide a list of examples.
        
       | mindfulplay wrote:
       | This post seems to be in response to the recent Mighty app.
       | 
       | To me, the main problem lies in what VCs think pass as 'tech'.
       | The mighty app website made it sound it like it was some novel
       | revolutionary app.
       | 
       | I was hoping it was really something clever like what the
       | Cloudflare people or even game streaming companies do. But nope.
       | 
       | It's significantly worse: it's literally slapping together
       | existing tech and calling it novel. And worse, simple
       | security/privacy seem to have taken a backseat as if there is
       | some innovative performance-oriented solution being prioritized
       | here.
       | 
       | There doesn't seem to be any tech. But reading through the
       | website, one might be mistakenly led to believe it is something
       | of a hard problem to solve. In fact the person running the show
       | admits to how they pivoted from a Windows VM company to running
       | just Chrome. This is reality distortion at best. Running an
       | Electron app to stream a live Chrome VM session seems like a
       | CS401 style project.
       | 
       | This is similar to Uber or AirBNB: the value add is in slapping
       | together some quick existing tech with the main 'innovation'
       | being the funding system or creatively working around
       | regulatory/legal hurdles.
       | 
       | I find it amusing and sad that there isn't any new tech nor even
       | a sound financial plan for a lot of these companies (nor even a
       | so-called moat beyond just siloing their first mover advantage
       | behind legal paperwork).
       | 
       | It seems as though the 90s VCs funded actual technically sound,
       | innovative, "pushing the envelope yet making money" companies.
       | 
       | These days it's a popularity and ego matching competition among
       | VCs and founders. This isn't tech. This is throwing money at a
       | problem inefficiently and seeing what sticks. The people that
       | work in this space are rather uninspiring, technically
       | demotivated but financially motivated group.
       | 
       | I hate to think that this is the new 'tech' world that was
       | promised. I don't even want to start on Jonathan/Casey comments
       | as they are obviously right but that's besides the point here.
       | 
       | Makes me wonder if Mighty or Clubhouse (or even Lambda
       | school/Coinbase) are the stellar examples a budding CS student is
       | going to look up to: which is sad and makes me really wish for
       | the 90s VCs to come back and fund more technically/financially
       | sound and inspiring companies.
        
         | klaudius wrote:
         | Paul Graham addressed this in his previous essay "How People
         | Get Rich Now":                   The best way to envision what
         | happened is to imagine a pond with a crust of ice on top.
         | Initially the only way from the bottom to the surface is around
         | the edges. But as the ice crust weakens, you start to be able
         | to punch right through the middle.              The edges of
         | the pond were pure tech: companies that actually described
         | themselves as being in the electronics or software business.
         | When you used the word "startup" in 1990, that was what you
         | meant. But now startups are punching right through the middle
         | of the ice crust and displacing incumbents like retailers and
         | TV networks and car companies.
        
           | finnthehuman wrote:
           | That "pond" metaphor only works if anyone and everyone
           | getting rich anywhere in the world all happen to be doing so
           | at the companies that are popular topics of conversation
           | within the Valley bubble.
           | 
           | Otherwise, what the fuck is he even going on about?
        
         | roymurdock wrote:
         | The VCs are just following the money. We're at the tail end of
         | the economic boom brought on by computers. Until we have
         | another paradigm-shifting scientific discovery, computers will
         | be used to more efficiently match up existing assets (AirBnB)
         | while serving ads and content that decays our social
         | bonds/infrastructure (Facebook).
         | 
         | If there was less money in the system a lot of these quasi-
         | innovative companies would die, or not even get off the ground.
         | But there is tons and it is leading to the misallocation of a
         | great amount of time, energy, and intelligence - at the cost of
         | future generation's standard of living.
        
         | Sanzig wrote:
         | Unpopular opinion: the use of "tech" or "high tech" to describe
         | many of today's tech companies is a misnomer.
         | 
         | For me, a tech company is a company that leverages advances in
         | applied sciences and mathematics (computer science included) to
         | create new, innovative solutions.
         | 
         | While there are certainly companies that are innovating in
         | fundamental technologies and making that a cornerstone of their
         | businesses, the vast majority of tech companies are little more
         | than conventional businesses with some digital business
         | automation plumbing. Innovative business models are still
         | innovation - don't get me wrong - but they're not _technology_
         | innovation.
         | 
         | It made sense to call e-business "tech" companies when the web
         | was fresh and new and everyone was innovating, but these days,
         | very few are pushing the envelope on the technology side. It's
         | pretty well accepted that any business needs electronic
         | technologies to work now: at what point do we stop calling
         | every company that builds an app tied to a database a "tech"
         | company and just call them an "[insert vertical here]
         | business"?
        
           | franga2000 wrote:
           | I definitely agree, but with one exception: a fair amount of
           | these companies have reached such a scale that they actually
           | have to invent or at least develop new tech in order to run
           | their business. Facebook and Twitter, for example, aren't
           | primarily "tech" companies, but because they operate at such
           | an insane scale, they regularly develop new tech that allows
           | them to continue and grow. So the tech part is more or less
           | vertical integration - not their primary business, but also
           | definitely not negligible in terms of innovation.
        
             | Sanzig wrote:
             | I guess the question is: how close does technology R&D need
             | to be to the core business to be a "tech" company? I don't
             | have a good answer. Major automakers dump tons of money
             | into R&D, but we'd never call them tech companies.
        
         | HDMI_Cable wrote:
         | Wait, Mighty App is just a remote server running Chrome and
         | then sending it to an on-device app? Correct me if I'm wrong,
         | but that sounds so dumb. I thought it was _at least_ some
         | recompiled version of chrome optimized for performance.
        
           | mindfulplay wrote:
           | Indeed they are recompiling Chromium but that doesn't make it
           | any more exciting tbh.
        
       | geebee wrote:
       | Lots of comments already, but I'll chime on in.
       | 
       | I realized this very late in life, but I have a test for when
       | it's time to pay attention to a new technology. It's when
       | technical people look at what seems like a groundbreaking idea,
       | seem unimpressed, and say "couldn't you just _____", were the
       | blank is filled with something a nontechnical person doesn't
       | understand or considers very cumbersome.
       | 
       | The web: couldn't you just transfer a file to an open port and
       | use a rendering tool to view it?
       | 
       | Blogs: couldn't you just update a web page?
       | 
       | Wikis: couldn't you just update a web page?
       | 
       | social media: couldn't you just set up group view preferences and
       | use RSS?
       | 
       | youtube: couldn't you just upload a video and use tags for
       | search?
       | 
       | twitter: couldn't you just not? Isn't that just a worse version
       | of what we can already do??
       | 
       | Honestly, I've overlooked almost every one of these things,
       | because I failed to understand how removing small bits of
       | friction can cause a technology to explode.
       | 
       | Sure, some ideas are crazy new, but some sound too underwhelming
       | to be revolutionary. but they are, there's no question about it,
       | all those things I listed above changed the world, in ways both
       | good and pretty damn awful.
        
         | c01n wrote:
         | The problem is that success in Silicon Valley means how much
         | money you can make from a product and not about how the product
         | improves the lives of the users in a balanced and morally
         | acceptable way. Is it really successful to disregard user
         | privacy and capitalize on their lack of knowledge, or to build
         | unsustainable tech on top of already unsustainable tech rather
         | then fixing the real issues.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | This is just cargo culting the Dropbox "you could just use FTP"
         | comment.
        
         | emrah wrote:
         | Yes exactly. Technical people suffer from curse of knowledge
         | and miss great opportunities. Or the idea has to boil the ocean
         | or it's a bust.
        
         | tjs8rj wrote:
         | I'm not convinced that's a good rule of thumb at all, because
         | there's so many examples where it applies and is wrong, and
         | many where it doesn't apply but the tech was revolutionary.
         | 
         | Not to mention the greater point: Im not even that convinced
         | tech is ever really revolutionary (at least at the same time it
         | gets mainstream adoption). Usually the big improvement it made
         | existed years earlier or in competitors but the timing was
         | right for it to appear.
         | 
         | Youtube was doing the same thing as daily motion and another (I
         | think Vimeo?). Facebook was just "cool MySpace", blogs were
         | personal webpages that got suddenly popular: a lot of these
         | just popped up and executed at the right time and in the right
         | way.
         | 
         | My point is: without looking at the technology at all or
         | knowing anything about it, you could perfectly tell what
         | "revolutionary product" would suddenly become the next big
         | thing simply with perfect information about the market and how
         | it will shift at each step.
         | 
         | You could invent the fastest most efficient and cheapest way in
         | the universe to launch spaghetti, but the "revolutionary"
         | nature of your invention doesn't matter at all because there's
         | no market for it, even if the very technical spaghetti
         | enthusiasts suggest "why don't you just build your own
         | spaghetti railgun?".
         | 
         | Markets matter, products derive their value entirely from those
         | markets and are worth nothing alone.
         | 
         | Consequently, knowing which products WILL BE revolutionary
         | (here I deliberately define revolutionary after the fact,
         | because amazing product with no market isn't revolutionary) is
         | very hard because even if you know the initial market, you
         | won't know how things change.
         | 
         | I suspect the best you can do to make or identify revolutionary
         | products is to really know the initial customer and early
         | market, rely on some long term perceived trend that aligns
         | broad markets closer to your early market, then iterate quickly
         | keeping the pulse on the market onwards towards the mass market
         | - which means we've just re-derived the lean startup process.
        
           | galaxyLogic wrote:
           | I think the big thing about these innovations was that the
           | nay-sayers didn't expect how big a demand there would be for
           | specific implementations of them after the network effect
           | kicks in. Social media? Technically it is very simple. But
           | now everyone is on it so the dominant platforms are making
           | billions with advertising.
           | 
           | We didn't need a social media platform. We needed a social
           | media platform where most of the interesting people
           | (including our friends) are on.
        
             | tacocataco wrote:
             | I just wish social media platforms had adviasarial
             | integration like telephone companies were forced to do.
             | 
             | Let the platforms compete on UX and data handling policies.
             | 
             | That way, the interesting people on one platform aren't
             | gated away from the interesting people on others.
        
           | mettamage wrote:
           | To summarize: one can't predict user adoption. If they can,
           | I'd encourage them to start the required companies in order
           | to capture it.
        
         | mikesabbagh wrote:
         | u r talking about the small changes that can be disruptive.
         | This is different than the crazy ideas mentioned in the
         | article. Ideas like the earth is round or that a large mass can
         | bend light.
         | 
         | I guess Clayton Christensen explains the difference best in his
         | youtube videos. Also Peter Thiel talks a lot about the
         | difference of ideas in his talks on youtube!!
        
         | swivelmaster wrote:
         | > twitter: couldn't you just not?
         | 
         | This is, actually, still true :)
        
         | splithalf wrote:
         | In other words, "we were promised flying cars but ..." You
         | might as well celebrate stock buybacks.
        
         | dd36 wrote:
         | Pretty much everything you listed is a free consumer product.
        
         | marcus_holmes wrote:
         | I think of this as my "Kardashian problem".
         | 
         | I don't understand why the Kardashians are famous or wealthy. I
         | mean I get the mechanics of it - famous legal case -> sex tape
         | -> reality TV show. But I don't understand how this works, or
         | why it works.
         | 
         | This isn't their problem. They are very wealthy, famous, and
         | they obviously totally grok how their market works.
         | 
         | This is my problem. I should not attempt to produce a mass-
         | market product until I understand it as well as the Kardashians
         | understand their market. They are experts in their domain. I am
         | not, and I doubt I ever will be. I don't even understand how
         | their market works. Why does anyone spend any time watching
         | these people? Until I understand that, I should stay away from
         | mass-market ideas.
        
           | paulryanrogers wrote:
           | Luck seems to play a big role in the celebrity market
        
             | ignoramous wrote:
             | The celebrity market (or showbiz in general) is poised to
             | be disrupted by YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok as the
             | gatekeepers (production and distribution houses) have been
             | effectively thrown off from their perch.
        
           | shard wrote:
           | The other replies to your comment don't seem to address your
           | fundamental point that the Kardashians and their kind are in
           | a different category than other celebrities. Their skills are
           | not acting or singing or sports, but rather generating news
           | to keep themselves in the headlines. I don't really recall
           | this being a category until the start of reality TV, and even
           | then it was short-lived after the shows ended. It wasn't
           | until Paris Hilton that I was really aware of how powerful
           | this category can be, and others have figured out the formula
           | as well, leading to the Kardashians and other influencers.
           | The successful ones have the social intelligence to know how
           | and what kind of outrageous or salacious news to generate to
           | attract people who like to feel envy, indignation, and a
           | sense of superiority to famous people to watch their antics,
           | and thus feed the hype machine that keeps them in the
           | spotlight and allows them to reap the rewards of that
           | spotlight.
        
             | corybrown wrote:
             | Yes, this is something the 45th US president did quite well
        
           | regextegrity wrote:
           | I think your problem is treating the success of the
           | Kardashians as deterministic
        
           | aj7 wrote:
           | Pornography for women works completely differently than
           | pornography for men.
        
             | Noumenon72 wrote:
             | Can you expand on the idea that the Kardashians produce
             | pornography for women? Sounds like it could explain why I
             | don't get it!
        
               | ALittleLight wrote:
               | I don't know if I would call it "pornography for women"
               | but in my experience women tend to be more interested in
               | social dynamics. e.g. Who said what to whom and why, X is
               | fighting with Y because of Z and J is siding X instead of
               | K, and so on.
               | 
               | These shows tend to be about groups of characters
               | engaging in what you might call social or political
               | struggles. Tensions, drama, conflict, emotions, and so
               | on. Reality shows like the Kardashians are a distillation
               | of these aspects and create something that is sweet like
               | sugar to people who are disposed to enjoy that flavor.
               | 
               | I think a lot of people judge reality TV shows without
               | watching them and kind of look down on them. If you don't
               | have the taste for something it's easy to look down on
               | it. For example, lots of people look down on Star Trek,
               | which I loved when I was younger and still do. If I had
               | to answer why I liked Star Trek, it's because I like to
               | imagine myself as Captain Picard and figure out what I
               | would do if I were faced with the given moral dilemma of
               | the week. If my fantasy preferences tended towards "How
               | would I handle the handsome jerk my sister is dating
               | while I myself am a beautiful billionaire?" then I would
               | watch different shows.
        
           | stephc_int13 wrote:
           | You should clearly not enter a market you do not understand,
           | because you'll probably lead you to bring a knife to a
           | gunfight.
           | 
           | But your conclusion about mass-market is too broad, this is
           | not a single thing and can really depend on your definition
           | and perspective.
           | 
           | Apple devices can be considered mass-market or niche.
        
         | ergot_vacation wrote:
         | "twitter: couldn't you just not? Isn't that just a worse
         | version of what we can already do??"
         | 
         | This is correct though. Twitter is not a good idea, or a good
         | product (if your metric for good is being useful and improving
         | lives, rather than simply profit). Twitter succeeded because it
         | became a "meme": everyone was caught up in what it _could_ be.
         | By the time it became clear that all the things it could be
         | were _bad_ , it was too late: too many people were on the
         | platform, and their gravitational pull could keep things going
         | indefinitely. Twitter, like a lot of recent "ideas" in tech, is
         | a cake that's all frosting. It runs almost entirely on FOMO.
        
           | theonionknight wrote:
           | I also disagree. Twitter has plenty of issues, that I'll
           | grant, but being entirely run on FOMO? Plenty of domain
           | experts in niche areas have twitter accounts, I've been able
           | to learn a ton I otherwise wouldn't have without Twitter's
           | platform.
        
           | newbie2020 wrote:
           | Twitter, while poorly run at the moment, is one of the best
           | platforms on the web for spreading information. I hope it
           | never dies
        
             | wombatpm wrote:
             | Twitter deserves a full time CEO
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | I learned of the true magnitude of the pandemic _weeks_
           | before the rest of the world, thanks to twitter.
           | 
           | There are a lot of bad things about it but it genuinely
           | surfaces information you could not have got otherwise or
           | previously.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | aerosmile wrote:
           | Nonsense. There's no such thing as a "gravitational pull"
           | that's all "frosting." If that were to be the case, you would
           | see startups investing in Superbowl ads or sponsoring the
           | Olympics. If it worked, there's enough VC money around to
           | make it happen.
           | 
           | MAU metrics highly depend on retention, and the retention
           | highly depends on PMF. If Twitter didn't have PMF, it
           | wouldn't have retained such a huge global userbase.
        
         | pgwhalen wrote:
         | I'm curious if you got this idea from the famous HN comment
         | about Dropbox.
        
           | geebee wrote:
           | No would you post a link? It does fit with the general idea.
        
             | pgwhalen wrote:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9224
             | 
             | Note the date of course - this is well before Dropbox was a
             | household name.
        
             | mdoms wrote:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9224
        
         | graeme wrote:
         | Thank you! I wanted to write a positive comment but couldn't
         | put my finger on it. This is exactly what has me interested in
         | Mighty: making things ever so slightly easier. I already have a
         | fast computer, but I'd still like to try, as there is room for
         | surprise. And the service suggests it is aimed at reducing all
         | manner of friction in using a browser: tab management, etc
         | 
         | This may or may not work but there seems to be obvious
         | potential and In don't know why people are so dismissive. If it
         | improves worker productivity or saves on hardware upgrade
         | costs, every business will want this.
        
           | solosoyokaze wrote:
           | People are dismissive not because of the technology or "you
           | could just do that with a shell script" reasons. They're
           | dismissive because it's security and privacy worst practice
           | to give this data to a third party. Mighty may be an
           | incredible feat of engineering for all I know, but I would
           | tell everyone I know to avoid it because it's a bad idea to
           | hand over your browsing data.
        
           | gustavo-fring wrote:
           | Yeah but if you found out a quicker and more efficient way to
           | stop people from reading HN, every business would want it
           | because their workers would stop bloviating 4 hours a day for
           | those who know what it is, and the rest of the world would
           | continue on ignorant of it as it always has.
           | 
           | But it's not worth anything. Sometimes you just can't clean
           | up garbage. Graham has too many dishonest people in YC.
           | They're like gollum and want their precious but think they're
           | Gandalf.
           | 
           | We all know HN mods fuck around with rankings, but you know
           | how I know they fuck around with rankings?
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27062309
           | 
           | This post has 30 upvotes, it got those 30 upvotes in 30
           | minutes. It's now at the very, very, very bottom of this
           | thread just above all the dead guys because it is critical of
           | Graham.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27046196
           | 
           | This post has over 60 upvotes and is critical but is also
           | completely relevant. It has been "detached" by dang.
        
             | [deleted]
        
               | themdangrules wrote:
               | I would login to my other account if I hadn't thrown the
               | password away.
               | 
               | Persecuted? No. Pretty damn aware of the many times that
               | people immediately downvoted every comment of mine they
               | could? Yes. I'm a bog boy, I don't care about Internet
               | points, but I also don't enjoy spending my days with
               | people so petty and small. Grown, professional adults no
               | less. If I feel persecuted, maybe it's because I like a
               | lot of HNers know what bullying feels like. Feels like
               | bullying. This applies to myself as well, but just
               | because people have bullied you doesn't mean you aren't
               | also a bully. You might even be more likely to be that
               | because of learned behavior. HN is full of
               | psuedointellectual high brow bullies. Not to smear all
               | you fine people. It's not everyone, just an uncomfortable
               | percentage.
               | 
               | What proof would you accept? I mean in the second one,
               | you can literally see where dang has detached it, without
               | a reason as to why. In a topic discussing politics and
               | tribalism. There will be no proof of it, there's nothing
               | to prove, but if that isn't evidence of moderator
               | intervention (without transparency, no less), what is?
               | 
               | This is why even for all that I've learned form HN over
               | the years (would love to not read it at all), I hate the
               | discussion. It's so toxic. I'm getting probably rightly
               | moderated but HN is full of people being ugly to each
               | other on an hourly basis. I'm part of the demographic
               | that should most appreciate HN, I can't imagine how
               | people that aren't feel.
        
             | AlexCoventry wrote:
             | How do you determine how many upvotes a post has received?
        
               | gitrog wrote:
               | They're his posts?
        
               | AlexCoventry wrote:
               | Oh, of course. Thanks.
        
         | catears wrote:
         | This is something I have thought about before when it comes to
         | Docker. "It's just a fancy chroot" is what people often say.
         | 
         | While there is some truth to that statement, the real
         | "innovation" is getting millions of people to share and
         | collaborate using the framework. How do make it easy to share
         | and collaborate? Making the technology as frictionless as
         | possible.
         | 
         | I don't see Dockers rise to prominence as a result of some
         | spectacular technical innovation. It's a group of technologies
         | which already existed but now with a great UX around it.
        
         | gustavo-fring wrote:
         | I absolutely agree with you that you can get insane mileage
         | from improving the basic UIs of almost everything. It's sad how
         | little attention we give to this stuff. I think that's what
         | Jobs got and his imitators only imitate...a genuine concern for
         | the user.
         | 
         | edited by me for content
        
           | gustavo-fring wrote:
           | I'll be real, it's interesting to post this stuff and see how
           | many downvotes saying factually correct stuff will get you
           | compared to comments.
           | 
           | It's like people downvote when they have nothing to say.
           | What's wrong with this comment, HN? Is it too on the nose? We
           | are supposed to wrap all of our disagreements in snide
           | pedantry, no?
           | 
           | We supposed to act like most of YCs founders and to use tacky
           | business speak when we hit any rough patches?
           | 
           | Is this too mean to change the world? I see it's flagged now.
           | Good, gooood. dang and company and YCs alums and all you
           | groupies close ranks and edit, shuffle, and remove posts and
           | people when they talk a little too different from you. That's
           | why this place is a dead echo chamber composed of 90% males
           | of the same demographics.
        
             | adwn wrote:
             | > _I 'll be real, it's interesting to post this stuff and
             | see how many downvotes saying factually correct stuff will
             | get you compared to comments._
             | 
             | You're getting downvoted and flagged not because you're
             | saying "factually correct stuff", but because your post is
             | full of incoherent rambling and baseless accusations -
             | before you edited and completely changed it, that is.
             | 
             | And for the record, I'm not a fan of Paul Graham, far from
             | it.
        
               | gustavo-fring wrote:
               | What part is baseless? Sorry for the edit, I know that
               | it's too critical for dang and HN readers, but I promise,
               | having been on Reddit since the summer it came out, that
               | it is as accurate as it can be from my perspective.
               | 
               | You call it rambling because you don't agree with it.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Posting something trollish, then replacing it with
               | reasonable text and saying it was "too critical for dang
               | and HN readers" is an abusive trick. You even smeared
               | someone as being responsible for someone else's death.
               | That's just vicious.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what to do. This is easily a bannable
               | offence. You can't post things to HN like your original
               | comment, which was horrible. Editing in so misleading and
               | nasty a way is also egregious. Even the posts you left
               | up, like https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27066185
               | and https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27066560 are
               | egregious, and the latter is a shameful personal attack
               | to boot.
               | 
               | On the other hand, I can give you the benefit of the
               | doubt in a couple of ways: everyone goes on tilt
               | sometimes, and most of us post things that we have reason
               | to feel ashamed of later. Since we try to err on the side
               | of giving people second chances, I'm not going to ban you
               | for all of this. But please clean up your act if you want
               | to keep posting to HN. We're trying against the odds to
               | have an internet forum that hovers at least an inch or
               | two above the bottom of the barrel, and behavior like
               | you've contributed here just pushes it all the way down.
               | 
               | HN commenters need to at least try to follow the rules:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.
               | Regardless of what you feel you owe pg or YC or HN mods
               | or me personally, you owe this community much, much
               | better if you're participating in it.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | The GP comment was originally extremely trollish, which was
             | obviously why it got downvoted and flagged. The commenter
             | later replaced it with something completely anodyne, making
             | the original responses seem unreasonable. That's abusive.
             | I've responded in more detail below:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27066921.
        
         | tlogan wrote:
         | There are two types ideas:
         | 
         | 1. ideas which improve the current broken system (blogs, wiki,
         | youtube, dropbox, etc.)
         | 
         | 2. ideas which admits that the current system is broken and
         | just to try to ride on that wave (mighty app, random "fix you
         | wet iPhone", and numerous other failed ones)
         | 
         | The second type of ideas are just are "bad" regardless of how
         | crazy they are. But they will make some money.
        
         | hanniabu wrote:
         | > It's when technical people look at what seems like a
         | groundbreaking idea, seem unimpressed, and say "couldn't you
         | just _____"
         | 
         | Sounds like HN's reaction to cryptocurrencies
        
         | mgranados wrote:
         | Good heuristic.
        
           | kabes wrote:
           | It would only be a good heuristic if the same thing isn't
           | being said about actual bad, failed ideas. But I'm pretty
           | sure you can find similar "can't you just" remarks for those.
        
         | qshaman wrote:
         | This argument have been attempted already, you can also take
         | Juicero, "can you just squeeze the bad yourself?" , and was
         | indeed a dumb idea. This "crazy idea" is not removing any
         | friction to regular people, regular people browse youtube, or
         | instagram, tik tok, etc... this is targeted to techies, look at
         | the homepage, people who are pointing out the "crazy new idea"
         | , is neither crazy, new, or good at all, are the target of this
         | product. Just because some successful companies had bad
         | feedback in the beginning, doesn't imply "you missed it" or
         | their product will become the next thing. The HN crowd of today
         | is also not the same as the crowd back then(dropbox founder
         | comment fiesta...).
        
         | allenu wrote:
         | I really don't remember tech people poo-pooing some of the
         | examples you gave as "couldn't you..." I think you're looking
         | at these examples with too fine a lens of implementation,
         | especially in retrospect.
         | 
         | the web: I was a teen when people started using local
         | "freenets" to connect to a text-only web and I think most
         | people who tried it were amazed that you could instantly view
         | content somebody on the other side of the world put up
         | 
         | blogs: I suppose "blogging platforms" were things you could say
         | "couldn't you update a web page" but I think it was clear that
         | what they provided was network effects you couldn't get from
         | just your own web page and easy styling
         | 
         | wikis: I remember the idea being amazing because you could edit
         | the page without having to sign in or create an account. That's
         | not something you could just do with "updating a web page"
         | 
         | youtube: it was amazing that you could easily stream videos for
         | free and search them. There was also a ton of copyright stuff
         | in the early days.
         | 
         | Really, a better way to look at whether a technology is worth
         | paying attention to is to ask "what can this allow us to do
         | more easily that we couldn't before?"
        
           | geebee wrote:
           | I agree. These are examples of things I initially dismissed,
           | in part because I thought didn't see how they addressed the
           | minor factors that were holding back a sudden and widespread
           | adoption. And yeah, I think there is a technical element to
           | this and I do recall technical people puzzled about how
           | popular web pages in a browser had become (seeing it as an
           | unusually limited interface).
           | 
           | Not all though, for all I know this was an unusual
           | perspective even among technically savvy people. I suppose
           | the people who saw the possibility and could act in it were
           | both technical but capable of seeing things outside that
           | narrow lense.
           | 
           | Also remember I wrote these as examples of things I reasoned
           | incorrectly about!
           | 
           | EDIT - re-reading my comment above, I see I did write
           | "technical people" rather than "me". I'm sure I'm not at all
           | alone in having this tendency, but I'm definitely not ready
           | to defend the idea that this is a universal or even common
           | tendency among technical people. Perhaps I should have
           | written "when I find myself thinking "couldn't you just""...
        
           | munk-a wrote:
           | For blogs in particular - this came after both geocities and
           | livejournal. Folks had the ability to host their own websites
           | with relative ease and to write a post history that other
           | folks could subscribe and comment on. Blogging as a verb and
           | Blogs as a noun really came into their own when folks decided
           | that this sort of journal was a common enough task (and
           | shared hosts like live journal lacked enough features) that
           | software to easily throw together a stream of articles had
           | common value.
           | 
           | That is, at least, if my knowledge of the series of events is
           | off. Livejournal existing is about when I got into the web
           | but that predated blogs (and particularly bloggers in the
           | context of investigative journalism) becoming a term by quite
           | a fair bit.
        
             | allenu wrote:
             | I think you're right about the timeline. I do remember
             | livejournal being around before Blogger, which is around
             | when "blogging" became a term.
             | 
             | I remember getting into a few people's web-based online
             | diaries in the late '90s and definitely some folks used
             | geocities to host their journals. I remember using it
             | myself to post whatever nonsense I was doing to share with
             | friends.
        
         | btbuildem wrote:
         | That's just the realization that opinions of technical people
         | don't really matter that much. They don't add up to a critical
         | mass that puts enough buck in the game to make it bang.
        
         | dvt wrote:
         | > It's when technical people look at what seems like a
         | groundbreaking idea, seem unimpressed, and say "couldn't you
         | just _____", were the blank is filled with something a
         | nontechnical person doesn't understand or considers very
         | cumbersome.
         | 
         | This is basically putting the cart before the horse and pretty
         | much the definition of hindsight bias. We all know the
         | BrandonM/Dropbox quip, but that's just a fun anecdote, not some
         | universal axiom.
         | 
         | I don't really have any dog in this race (I won't use Mighty
         | because my PC/Laptop is more than capable of hundreds of tabs
         | and Electron apps), but if it succeeds, good on Suhail!
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | It's not hindsight bias if you think it's face smackingly
           | obvious at the time.
           | 
           | I agree there's still a conundrum here, why is something
           | obviously one way to some very smart people like BrandonM
           | while the exact opposite seems just as obvious to other
           | people. I suspect it's more about what people value than what
           | they know technically.
        
           | villasv wrote:
           | > pretty much the definition of hindsight bias
           | 
           | This. The antidote is to revisit examples of "couldn't you
           | just X" where X indeed prevailed. There are even instances
           | where superseding technology was actually better, but it was
           | too late to replace X.
           | 
           | My favorite example is Iridium (and the whole satellite
           | internet industry so far, let's see what will happen with
           | Starlink). It's one thing to remove friction, but only if the
           | new cost structure is still favorable.
           | 
           | Disruption doesn't happen because new tech is better/cooler,
           | it happens when it introduces competitive advantage.
        
           | bmmayer1 wrote:
           | What is the BrandonM/Dropbox quip?
        
             | easton wrote:
             | This one: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9224
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | "For a Linux user, you can already build such a system
             | yourself quite trivially by getting an FTP account,
             | mounting it locally with curlftpfs, and then using SVN or
             | CVS on the mounted filesystem. From Windows or Mac, this
             | FTP account could be accessed through built-in software."
        
             | MsMowz wrote:
             | When Drew Houston first posted Dropbox on HN, BrandonM had
             | the top comment that doubted its viability/usefulness as a
             | product. It's been the topic of a lot of discussion since
             | then, including between the two themselves.
             | 
             | >I have a few qualms with this app:
             | 
             | >1. For a Linux user, you can already build such a system
             | yourself quite trivially by getting an FTP account...
             | 
             | From: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9224
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Other users have provided the link, but my heart sinks a
             | little every time I see this brought up, especially when
             | the commenter is singled out by name. People forget that
             | this is a real person. He also happens to be a first-class
             | HN contributor, and has been for many years. It's sort of
             | the equivalent of pointing at the neighbor when he walks
             | down the street.
             | 
             | I realize it's internet fun to point large neon arrows at
             | people seeming outrageously wrong in the past, but the
             | truth is that people aren't reading that comment accurately
             | and there's a huge dose of hindsight fallacy here.
             | 
             | When he wrote "I have a few qualms with this app", he
             | didn't mean the software. He meant their YC application.
             | (Note the title of Drew's post: "My YC _App_ "). He wasn't
             | being a petty nitpicker or "quipping"--he was earnestly
             | trying to help them, and you can see in how sweetly he
             | replied to Drew's response that he genuinely wanted them to
             | succeed. We should be so lucky for all responses to "crazy
             | new ideas" to be that decent. This community would be much
             | healthier if that were the case, and actually the current
             | thread is a standout example of how far from true it is.
             | 
             | Moreover, although the criticisms he was raising turned out
             | not to be problems in hindsight, they were quite on point
             | in 2007, when the idea of file synchronization was widely
             | derided as a solution-in-search-of-a-problem, which only
             | technical users would ever care about and (as the comment
             | pointed out) technical users could already roll their own
             | solutions. The idea had recently been publicly mocked in a
             | famous blog post, and even YC funded Dropbox because they
             | believed in Drew, not the idea.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23229275
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jasode wrote:
               | _> , but the truth is that people aren't reading that
               | comment accurately and there's a huge dose of hindsight
               | fallacy here._
               | 
               | I appreciate your defense of that comment as it made me
               | re-read it as charitably as possible.
               | 
               | That said, I think you're still overlooking _some_ of the
               | reasons that cause the eyerolling of it that 's separate
               | from hindsight bias.
               | 
               | First was the _" quite trivially"_ phrase in the comment.
               | That type of verbiage automatically triggers the
               | perception of haughtiness. Imagine if someone did a Show
               | HN of a new webcam security doorbell and a commenter
               | said, _" , you can already build such a system yourself
               | _quite trivially_ by getting some components from DigiKey
               | and soldering them yourself"_. Can you see how that
               | sounds really dismissive?
               | 
               | Second, it was overlooking the idea that the YC
               | app(lication)s are not intended to create products for
               | Linux power users like BrandonM who _can_ string together
               | curlftpfs with CVS /SVN.
               | 
               | So for him to avoid that comment required stepping
               | outside himself to see the perspective of non-techies. He
               | could still dismiss Dropbox... but for different reasons
               | related to _not meeting needs of the end user mass
               | market_ rather than purely base an opinion off his
               | personal skillset.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | I don't entirely disagree but even with all of that, it's
               | not a great example of what pg used to call a middlebrow
               | dismissal, especially when there are so many millions of
               | worse examples. "Quite trivially" sounds terrible out of
               | context, but (a) he scoped it to _Linux_ users, (b) it 's
               | clear from the downstream reply that he was speaking from
               | experience, and (c) he immediately agreed with Drew that
               | even that solution had drawbacks and thanked him for the
               | technical correction. That's the behavior of someone
               | making good conversation, not someone being haughty. A
               | haughty dismisser would have seized the opportunity to up
               | the snark.
               | 
               | > _it was overlooking the idea that the YC app(lication)s
               | are not intended to create products for Linux power
               | users_
               | 
               | I don't think that's an accurate reading. His Linux point
               | was only one of three, and the other two were about the
               | mass market. Given that he had implemented the Linux
               | solution himself, I think the fact that he led with that
               | point was probably more out of geeky exuberance than
               | overlooking non-technical users.
               | 
               | It seems to me that in the context of 2007 all three of
               | those points could easily have popped up in Dropbox's YC
               | interview. Don't forget that back then, YC would
               | sometimes fund a startup even though they _didn 't_ much
               | believe in the idea (Airbnb famously so), because of the
               | personal impression made by the founders. That's still
               | the case today, but it was the case back then as well :)
        
               | jasode wrote:
               | _> That 's the behavior of _someone_ making good
               | conversation, not someone being haughty._
               | 
               | I meant to focus on the _text 's tone sounding haughty_
               | rather than accuse the _person being haughty_.
               | 
               | Let me try to explain another way to emphasize the text
               | aspect: that _particular sentence in isolation_ is what
               | is quoted on the internet outside of HN:
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=%22you+can+already+build+
               | suc...
               | 
               | https://www.bing.com/search?q=%22you+can+already+build+su
               | ch+...
               | 
               | The "quite trivially" may only be scoped to one bullet
               | point and may be unfairly weighted when looking at his
               | followup thoughtful conversation -- but it also elevated
               | it legendary HN lore.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Ok, but if you read the text as a whole, it's not true
               | that it's haughty. That it sounds haughty when quoted
               | selectively is the internet's fault, not the commenter's.
               | At most he can be accused of (a) not pre-emptively
               | bulletproofing his text against selective quotation, and
               | (b) not knowing the future. And (a) reduces to (b).
               | 
               | I take your point about lore, and on that level it's just
               | good fun.
               | 
               | p.s. Also, nice use of the word 'haughty'. We need those
               | good English words.
        
           | sirsinsalot wrote:
           | > but if it succeeds, good on Suhail!
           | 
           | Well, not exactly. There's plenty of people who have been
           | successful at, frankly horrible things.
           | 
           | I count this kind of "not your computer, ours" rent seeking
           | change as "bad if successful".
        
             | dvt wrote:
             | I don't really buy this. A lot of complaints are about the
             | privacy of the whole ordeal. That's kind of moot
             | considering Google has access to all of my banking emails,
             | Dropbox has access to all of my invoices, Apple has access
             | to all of my photos, and Equifax already leaked my SSN
             | years ago.
             | 
             | Most of my life _already_ doesn 't happen on my personal
             | locked-down device.
        
               | suhail wrote:
               | Fwiw, unlike the examples above, we have permission to
               | your data (if you give it to us) but we don't own or
               | control any of it. We don't store it elsewhere. We don't
               | sell it to the highest bidder. We don't mine it for some
               | other purpose.
               | 
               | Let me be clear: we plan to charge a subscription. That's
               | our only business model.
               | 
               | I think we can improve privacy and security for most
               | users who have trouble managing it. For instance, we can
               | patch Chrome zero-days (many have occurred this year) a
               | lot faster for everyone.
               | 
               | What we offer today is a faster way to use applications
               | that do own your data so you can be much more productive
               | and hopefully enable a new set of applications never
               | before possible.
               | 
               | We help improve decentralization of the web over
               | duopolies like Apple/Windows. We make the browser more
               | powerful, not less.
               | 
               | We improve the market share of Linux as a consumer
               | computing OS as it underlies our tech.
               | 
               | In time, we might be open to people owning their own
               | hardware and running Mighty on it but I think a lot of
               | people will prefer we make it "just work" for now. I
               | don't view either world as mutually exclusive.
               | 
               | If there's an opportunity to research making things
               | trustless, we'll work on that.
        
               | sirsinsalot wrote:
               | I dont have an issue with this specific case, more the
               | industry shift to rent seeking. Cars have subscriptions.
               | Next your thin client hardware needs to pay rent to work.
               | It is a slippery slope and claiming virtue doesnt
               | decrease the gradient.
               | 
               | Also, history tells us when companies say they wont be
               | evil... they mean "not yet". It is a middle man power
               | play pure and simple.
               | 
               | The rest is classic SV/startup window dressing to get the
               | job done and an obvious dress up at that.
        
         | defaultname wrote:
         | Dropbox became a thing among technical users before it bridged
         | to mainstream users. We all knew other, kludgy ways of doing
         | the same thing, but it made it a little easier so we adopted
         | it. Soon enough we were telling mainstream users that it's a
         | good solution. Wikis and blogs began among technical people and
         | grew out from there. Reddit was basically /r/programming in its
         | early days.
         | 
         | I didn't pay attention to early Twitter, but I'd wager it
         | probably leaned pretty heavily to the software dev demographic.
         | 
         | There is a bit of a disconnect that a lot of people are casting
         | technical users as if it's the group that you shouldn't listen
         | to. As if you can find single cases and say "See!" and that
         | proves the point [1]. Yet an overwhelming percentage of
         | products in the technology space first saw success among the
         | most technical of all. If you don't get that group, it often is
         | doomed to failure.
         | 
         | [1] - just as an aside, there is a tendency of many to point
         | out some "top" comment on some site like HN as if it therefore
         | is the majority opinion. It doesn't work that way. We all don't
         | have mandatory votes on every comment, and even a tiny amount
         | of clustering can send a minority opinion to the top.
        
         | pjmorris wrote:
         | This seems related to Clarke's First Law: When a distinguished
         | but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is
         | almost certainly right. When he states that something is
         | impossible, he is very probably wrong.
         | 
         | Second Law: The only way of discovering the limits of the
         | possible is to venture a little way past them into the
         | impossible.
         | 
         | Third Law: Any sufficiently advanced technology is
         | indistinguishable from magic.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarke%27s_three_laws
        
       | throwaway823882 wrote:
       | New Ideas aren't crazy. Crazy Ideas are crazy. That's why people
       | say it won't work, because it _sounds crazy_. It sounds crazy
       | because the person proposing it hasn 't made a good enough case
       | for it.
       | 
       | Getting people to agree with a new idea is about _salesmanship_.
       | If people think your idea is crazy, you suck at sales. Coffee 's
       | for closers.
        
       | rogers18445 wrote:
       | The Mighty App will either die or become a privacy nightmare.
       | Because a browser can run arbitrary compute it will be abused,
       | and if they don't want to die they will have to spy on what their
       | users are doing to find abuse.
        
       | rikroots wrote:
       | The alternative, of course, is when a plausible person expresses
       | an implausible-sounding idea which turns out to be, well, wrong.
       | For instance when Noam Chomsky presented his theory of Universal
       | Grammar[1] which managed to impede and derail the study of
       | linguistics for decades[2].
       | 
       | [1] - This is my own personal opinion supported by no evidence
       | whatsoever.
       | 
       | [2] - Again, an outrageously subjective statement without an
       | ounce of evidence to support it.
        
         | blululu wrote:
         | Chomsky's followers are not as powerful as they used to be so
         | you can say this sort of opinion without losing your job as a
         | linguist. That said, this objection does not directly
         | contradict Graham's point. There are issues with Chomsky's
         | theories, but they are non-obvious and we learned a lot along
         | the way. Would it have been reasonable to have dismissed these
         | theories out of hand? Maybe but we false positives and false
         | negatives exist as a trade off, and we would miss things if we
         | try to lower our false positive rate too aggressively.
        
       | jimhi wrote:
       | In the realm of entrepreneurship, I think domain experts who also
       | risk tons of their cash on crazy ideas should be looked at even
       | closer.
       | 
       | Y Combinator and Tesla were seen as stupid and crazy for a long
       | time. Meanwhile I've seen a lot of domain expert entrepreneurs do
       | really crazy things that lead nowhere when it's VC money instead
       | of theirs.
        
         | fendy3002 wrote:
         | There are too many factors that'll decide whether it'll be
         | success or not. I believe timings and luck are often
         | overlooked.
         | 
         | iPhone certainly not the first touch screen display, Microsoft
         | did have one, I believe. However Apple's timing was perfect,
         | there was increasing adaptation of wifi connectivity and 3g,
         | making it able to browse anywhere. Of course smoother interface
         | and beautiful design also contribute big.
         | 
         | AmongUs was lucky they got advertisement from streamer, at
         | perfect timing that was (is) pandemic and lockdowns.
         | 
         | Tesla can be considered crazy because they try to emerge with
         | unknown product, with unknown market and unknown possibility of
         | success. If we look at the past, Apple's iPhone was crazy too,
         | because it was new product, with unknown market.
        
           | entee wrote:
           | The first iPhone famously only had 2G cellular internet. At
           | the time 3G phones were not ubiquitous but were readily
           | available (had one as a mid priced Nokia flip phone), so I've
           | always thought this was a fascinating aspect of the iPhone
           | story. I bet the decision was made to go forward despite the
           | product being slightly hobbled precisely because of timing.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | The iPhone was an iPod that could make phone calls in an
             | era when phones didn't do much beyond making phone calls.
             | 
             | So it was a no-brainer for those already carrying an iPod
             | and a phone, even if it didn't do anything beyond being an
             | iPod that could receive calls and texts!
        
       | SigmundA wrote:
       | "But the fact that some geniuses were laughed at does not imply
       | that all who are laughed at are geniuses. They laughed at
       | Columbus, they laughed at Fulton, they laughed at the Wright
       | brothers. But they also laughed at Bozo the Clown." -Sagan
        
       | atldev wrote:
       | > They also vacuum up the trail of crumbs that led to them,
       | making our standards for new ideas impossibly high.
       | 
       | I enjoy this style of writing. Seemingly simple but packs a lot
       | of meaning (like JoelOnSoftware back in the day).
        
       | aazaa wrote:
       | As an intern I once attended an internal Innovation Symposium
       | hosted by the company I was working for.
       | 
       | Most of the speakers talked in glowing terms about innovation,
       | how good it was, and how welcomed it was.
       | 
       | But one speaker didn't. He said: "You'll know you're being
       | innovative because you'll feel uncomfortable about your idea."
       | 
       | I had never before heard that point of view before, but it
       | clicked.
       | 
       | If all of your peers think what you're doing is a good idea,
       | maybe it's time to re-evaluate how innovative your ideas really
       | are.
       | 
       | The problem with all of this is that immature good ideas look and
       | act exactly like crazy ideas. It's hard to find comfort pushing
       | on an idea with that fact always in the back of your mind. You
       | could find yourself years down the road with nothing to show for
       | all that effort.
        
       | aparsons wrote:
       | I think a lot of people - dare I say it, even PaulG - are missing
       | the point of Mighty (or not putting it into words properly).
       | 
       | Mighty isn't betting on the internet continually getting more
       | bloated, or being better than a thick client. Even for a poor
       | person working mostly in Figma, buying a decent laptop will be
       | much more cost-effective.
       | 
       | What they are really selling is the equivalent of upgrading your
       | laptop to a new model while it's still running. Hardware shopping
       | is time-consuming, stressful, and never done proactively - so you
       | suffer in silence till the new one arrives. Then you have to
       | replicate your old workflow and warm the caches.
       | 
       | The two biggest threats to Mighty are Apple/MSFT building
       | "snapshot" recoveries in new hardware (almost AMI-like), and real
       | adoption of saving bookmarks, history and passwords to the cloud
       | by signing in to Chrome (most I know are hesitant). As has always
       | been the case in this industry, the hardware is irrelevant.
       | 
       | This isn't game-streaming, where you unlock hardware economies of
       | scale because most users play a tiny amount a day on average.
       | Your browser is always on.
        
         | wraptile wrote:
         | > Hardware shopping is time-consuming, stressful, and never
         | done proactively - so you suffer in silence till the new one
         | arrives. Then you have to replicate your old workflow and warm
         | the caches.
         | 
         | What a luxurious problem to have: would rather swipe my card
         | and pay 50$/month than buy a new laptop - ugh!
        
       | boraoztunc wrote:
       | I wonder why Chrome's "Reading Mode" is not activated in Paul
       | Graham's website. I really get used to read articles in Reader
       | Mode, with the same style, background color, font size and
       | without any other distracting elements of the page. His website
       | font size is 13px, which is pretty small. So I copy+paste to
       | Obsidian and read there.
        
       | aa_memon wrote:
       | I believe the technology behind Mighty is amazing, the people
       | involved are amazing, the experience for it's users will be
       | amazing.
       | 
       | I believe the underlying reason for HN's reaction to Mighty has
       | almost nothing to do with any of the above. To the contrary, most
       | of us probably feel that Mighty will be a raging success. But we
       | don't actually like that at all. When I reflect on my own
       | thoughts, the reasons my initial reaction is pessimistic are:
       | 
       | 1. If Mighty makes badly designed/architected apps "fast", nobody
       | will fix the underlying issues.
       | 
       | 2. The internet will be amazing for the folks that can afford to
       | pay $30-$50/month and all others will have to live with a sub-par
       | experience because of #1
       | 
       | 3. Some other company will come along and try to subsidize Mighty
       | for all those that couldn't afford it but they'll monetize by
       | advertising and further personal data collection.
       | 
       | 4. Further lack of control over core software on our personal
       | computers.
       | 
       | I fear that one day I'll visit a website with a message saying
       | "This website runs best using Mighty".
       | 
       | There were similar sentiments when RSS blogs started moving to
       | medium. Medium is amazing! but at some point medium needed to
       | introduce a 3 item limit.
       | 
       | More and more of the internet which a lot of us remember as this
       | open thing that no one owns is being siloed into privately owned.
        
         | losteric wrote:
         | Unfortunately, that timeline probably why Mighty will go big -
         | the business model is a trojan horse for a _very_ lucrative
         | global surveillance business, which challenges and likely
         | surpasses current businesses ( "social media" and "search
         | engines").
         | 
         | HN and the tech crowd at large is cynical but also naively
         | ethical... missing how ideas can be profitable because we're
         | really thinking in terms of bettering society. Exploitation is
         | where the real money is at.
        
         | nicebyte wrote:
         | medium isn't amazing - it's probably one of the _worst_ ways of
         | putting writing on the web. pastebin is better than medium.
        
       | waxman wrote:
       | A practical application of this perspective, and one that has a
       | lot of virtues is:
       | 
       | When evaluating a crazy new idea (particularly something like a
       | product or business), don't bother asking "will this work?"
       | because no one truly knows, but rather ask: "if this does work,
       | then what are the implications?"
       | 
       | Pg has quite a track record here by being an early investor in
       | textbook crazy new ideas like Airbnb, Coinbase, etc. "Will this
       | replace a chunk of the hotel market? Unclear, but if it does, it
       | will be a huge and valuable business."
       | 
       | For folks talking about Mighty, its through this lens that pg is
       | thinking about it. "Will it work? Is it better than alternatives?
       | Who knows... But if the vision does pan out, I think it's more
       | obvious to see how this could be a big and important business."
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | kumarvvr wrote:
       | Off Topic : The site is sending a GET request to
       | 
       | http://np.lexity.com/embed/YA/fa27bb6ce937aea400cc8e5f11aa42...
       | 
       | every 5 seconds.
       | 
       | Anyone have any idea what it is?
       | 
       | Note : The address keeps changing for every request.
       | 
       | Edit2 : Is it only on my PC, or are others also able to see it?
        
         | SingAlong wrote:
         | I see those requests too but my adblocker takes care of it.
         | 
         | Lexity.com looks like a Yahoo service and maybe this is the
         | analytics being collected. AFAIK pg's site is still hosted on
         | Yahoo.
        
           | unstatusthequo wrote:
           | Sometimes crazy ideas like SSL aren't so crazy. I wonder if
           | the HTTPS failure is due to the Yahoo part of this?
        
         | lioeters wrote:
         | I see it too, but my ad blocker prevented the request(s).
         | 
         | A quick search for "lexity.com" shows that it's an analytics
         | company.
         | 
         | > Lexity - Apps to help grow your ecommerce business
         | 
         | > Commerce Central is the easiest way to grow your small and
         | medium ecommerce businesses. We provide the best real time
         | analytics and insights for ecommerce for free, and apps to
         | advertize your store through Google, Amazon, Facebook,
         | Pinterest and Twitter.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | de_keyboard wrote:
       | I think "attacking" Crazy New Ideas is how we develop them, iron
       | out the kinks and test our understanding. Criticism is an
       | essential part of the journey from crazy new idea to accepted
       | wisdom.
       | 
       | However, the main problem I have with with this article is that
       | it divides people into domain experts and the rest. This kind of
       | black and white thinking is pervasive in PG essays, and always
       | lead to a cute conclusion. You can have two domain experts that
       | disagree. You can have an idea that spans multiple domains, and
       | there are no (or few) experts in all of them. Maybe the Crazy New
       | Idea seems brilliant to experts in one domain, but only because
       | they don't grasp the others.
        
         | marvin wrote:
         | That two domain experts disagree on a radical idea is
         | irrelevant, if the one presenting the radical idea turns out to
         | be right. There are no points given out for merely
         | participating.
         | 
         | This happens all the time. And the most interesting ideas are
         | rejected by almost everyone, except the tiny minority that
         | happens to be positioned to understand the change. So you can't
         | make predictions by tallying up expert votes either.
        
         | npsimons wrote:
         | > I think "attacking" Crazy New Ideas is how we develop them,
         | iron out the kinks and test our understanding.
         | 
         | Criticism is the crucible in which crazy new ideas are forged
         | into crazy viable ideas.
         | 
         | > However, the main problem I have with with this article is
         | that it divides people into domain experts and the rest.
         | 
         | Let's be honest: in this day and age "the rest" are far too
         | vocal and need to STFU on things which they have no knowledge.
         | Sure, domain experts can disagree - let them be heard, but the
         | know-nothings should be given zero attention.
        
           | dbtc wrote:
           | Except for children, who often ask the best questions.
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | Likewise, one of the best, most valuable, things that Albert
         | Einstein did was to attack quantum mechanics in every way he
         | could.
        
       | ThomPete wrote:
       | Getting ideas is easy. Getting ideas other people want to spend
       | money or time on is something quite different.
       | 
       | Even if you get an amazing idea, the chances of it being a good
       | business are small. In fact, some of the best businesses didn't
       | start out with good ideas. Instead, they started out being
       | considered stupid, wrong, childish, irrational, useless, too
       | easy, too hard, impossible, unethical, unsustainable and we could
       | go on.
       | 
       | If you get an idea that turns out to be a great business, chances
       | are that others would have told you it's a bad idea you might
       | even yourself at times think it's a bad idea and almost give up.
       | 
       | The difference between an idea that looks to be a complete
       | failure and one that is wildly successful is often a matter of
       | months. On top of that, most businesses fail even if you have a
       | stellar team and for many not-so-obvious reasons (more about that
       | in the next essay) It's just hard to know if your idea is great
       | or not or if it just sounds great. So how do you make sure your
       | idea even has a chance of making it? Having worked with hundreds
       | of startups, investors, and founders over the years, we decided
       | to put together a list of principles that can be used to come up
       | with ideas that others want to pay for.
       | 
       | 1. There are 3 categories of ideas that potentially could be
       | turned into a business.
       | 
       | Ideas for a solution to a problem
       | 
       | Ideas for fulfilling a need
       | 
       | Ideas that create new demand.
       | 
       | The safest business ideas are solutions to problems. The world is
       | filled with problems. Finding the right problem to solve is often
       | harder than the actual solution. The questions become more
       | important than the answer. The next safest business idea category
       | fulfills an existing need but in a better/cheaper way. Whether a
       | dating service, an email client or a new type of insurance.
       | Finding an underserved market is normally the way in. The
       | riskiest, but potentially most fruitful of them all are ideas
       | that create new demand. These are products or services no one
       | knew they needed before they tried them. Computer games, songs,
       | movies, fart apps, and most social networks belong to this group.
       | Make sure you know which category you are in.
       | 
       | 2. Questions you can ask yourself or others: "What problem in
       | your industry would you pay for someone to solve?" "What annoys
       | me that I would be ready to pay for?" "What in my life feels like
       | it could be better?" "What are my friends complaining about?"
       | "What are my friends excited about?" "What has changed over the
       | last 3-5 years?" Ask questions that are open-ended and don't come
       | with an obvious solution.
       | 
       | 3. Once you've found an idea to pursue ask yourself: "Are there
       | any existing solutions out there?" "How big is the problem/need?"
       | "Why hasn't this been solved so far?" "What kind of problem/need
       | is it? (i.e. Legislative, technical, financial, etc)" "Do I have
       | the skills or knowledge or intuition or perseverance to pursue
       | this?" Keep asking questions and don't be afraid of the answer.
       | The right questions asked today can save you months or years of
       | work down a path that leads nowhere.
       | 
       | 4. Define your competitors much more broadly. You will often be
       | asked, "Are there other companies out there doing what you are
       | doing?" The answer most of the time will be yes. If you don't
       | find anyone, you most likely aren't defining competitors wide
       | enough. Oftentimes competitors aren't doing exactly what you are
       | doing but are perceived by customers as if they were. If you
       | define competition too narrow you risk missing what might be
       | inhibiting your growth. If you define too wide then you might
       | find potential market places you weren't even thinking about.
       | 
       | 5. Don't be afraid of sharing your ideas with others. In the
       | beginning, most great ideas don't look different than bad ones.
       | Chances are that even if your idea turns out to be a unicorn, no
       | one will notice. In fact, if you are on to something, chances are
       | you will often have to pay people to work on it for you.
       | Reversely if you get an idea that sounds great and everyone loves
       | it, chances are it most likely already exists or it just that, a
       | great idea, not a great business. So unless you've found the cure
       | for cancer and then probably instead should patent it, don't be
       | afraid to share ideas.
       | 
       | 6. Fight for your ideas. Ideas are like newborn babies. Extremely
       | fragile in the beginning but with great care and nurturing they
       | can turn into amazing mature businesses. Make sure you give your
       | idea enough time to grow but not enough to turn into a bad
       | teenager.
       | 
       | 7. Choose ideas that keep you motivated. Many early-stage startup
       | founders make the mistake of just looking for a good idea rather
       | than something they care about. Most ideas aren't going to work
       | out, so for most of us, a higher goal is needed. Something that
       | makes you want this idea to exist and be successful. Something to
       | keep us going when thing's are looking the least likely to
       | succeed. A lot can be done with perseverance and grit, make sure
       | your idea is worth it. There is a lot more to this than what
       | we've covered here but as you can see there is a lot more going
       | into ideas than just getting them. So make sure you've spent
       | enough time on your idea.
        
       | peter_d_sherman wrote:
       | >" _Copernicus published the heliocentric model in 1532 -- but it
       | wasn 't till the mid seventeenth century that the balance of
       | scientific opinion shifted in its favor._[4]"
        
       | merwanedr wrote:
       | HN comment section pessimism is a new metric for evaluating your
       | odds of success. "It's too expensive" or "Nobody needs it because
       | we have X" on a project lead by a domain expert is not
       | constructive criticism or conservatism, it's pure envy.
       | 
       | PG isn't defending Mighty, Dropbox or Coinbase because he has
       | skin in the game, but because he knows what the teams have
       | achieved and what they could potentially achieve.
       | 
       | I don't understand, it seems so obvious to me. Dropbox started as
       | a better FTP, Coinbase is a better Bitcoin wallet, Gmail is a
       | better SMTP, Mighty is a better Chrome. All of these products are
       | meant for the masses because the core technologies/protocols are
       | too complicated or restrictive to directly interact with.
        
         | dunkelheit wrote:
         | People always bring Dropbox to these discussions as an example
         | of a startup that was dismissed by HN but turned out to be
         | huge, but turns out there are examples of the opposite thing
         | happening too!
         | 
         | Does anyone remember Color Labs? Go read this thread and marvel
         | at the similarities:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2364463. A stellar team
         | backed by top VCs who invested (extraordinary at the time) $41M
         | sets out to build a location enabled photo-sharing app. VCs
         | tout it as "the next Google". Most of HN is pretty critical
         | with some voices advocating caution and saying "let's not be so
         | dismissive, maybe there is something more to it". Well, it
         | turned out there was nothing more to it.
         | 
         | So no, being dismissed by HN does not automatically mean that
         | your idea is good and you will be successful.
        
           | gofreddygo wrote:
           | I see this as a pessimism/optimism spectrum. We are on the
           | extreme left if we can reliably predict successes and on the
           | extreme right if we can reliably predict failures.
           | 
           | As we pick a few datapoints (Dropbox, Coinbase, Airbnb) and
           | we average it out, we are pushed towards the left.
           | 
           | More data we pick (colorlabs for example, and I'm sure many
           | others) we are pushed more towards the right.
           | 
           | Most popular article dealing with VC news, startup promotion,
           | funding news, valuation bragging, acquisition gossip, startup
           | failure reports picks data that push the narrative towards
           | the extremes.
           | 
           | My instinct says we are squarely around the center where we
           | can't predict shit.
        
             | ZephyrBlu wrote:
             | > _My instinct says we are squarely around the center where
             | we can 't predict shit_
             | 
             | Completely agree. There are a lot of people in this post
             | trying to rationalize their own biased opinion on what
             | predicts success or failure though.
        
           | gist wrote:
           | The essay is really just self serving to keep stoking the YC
           | starmaking machinery (see lyrics to 'Free Man in Paris' by
           | Joni Mitchell). Keep people dreaming and some of the crazy
           | ideas will hit.
           | 
           | People often forget that even Apple (or might not know if
           | young) was not wildly successful and almost went bankrupt (or
           | close to that) and had to be bailed out by Microsoft.
           | 
           | Also forgotten is that the quality of the execution matters a
           | great deal. Dropbox or Coinbase w/o good execution and
           | attention to details would not be where they are today. Ditto
           | Color Labs with great execution would not work necessarily.
        
           | ChrisArchitect wrote:
           | Dropbox got big because iPhone users were so desperate to be
           | able to share files between people and desktops that they
           | started using it in droves. The desktop users that took it on
           | were simply looking for some more storage and it just took
           | off from there. There was no reason to pay attention to it
           | initially (and still isn't imo) and over in android phone
           | land everyone had no reason to either other than to retrieve
           | files their friends sent them.
        
           | aerosmile wrote:
           | I am really surprised that you didn't choose the more obvious
           | line of reasoning, which would be to bring up examples of
           | companies that PG predicted to be breakout successes and then
           | they failed. PG marveled about Instacart and Flexport well
           | before anyone else, including myself (I know members of the
           | founding teams in both companies very well, and think very
           | highly of them... but even so, I didn't see their companies
           | as the type of breakout successes that they became until PG
           | made his case for them). The constant hate against PG is
           | really starting to get tiring, especially when you see such
           | sloppy reasoning. Why judge his reasoning based on what other
           | VCs thought? Saying PG = VC industry is a really stunningly
           | poor argument IMO.
        
         | FlyingSnake wrote:
         | > HN comment section pessimism is a new metric for evaluating
         | your odds of success.
         | 
         | The success of a startup depends on many factors and pessimism
         | on HN is definitely not one of them. HN is a forum where people
         | intellectualize things from their limited point of view. It is
         | usually not the primary forum where the founders seek feedback.
         | I think HN is a remix of the old slashdot forums with a healthy
         | mix of digg + reddit.
        
         | dd36 wrote:
         | If they pivot, does that mean the negative feedback was right
         | or is it always wrong? What if the feedback precipitates the
         | pivot?
         | 
         | I have no idea if Mighty will succeed or not. But I suspect it
         | will not succeed as a a $30/mo consumer product. Indeed, I'd
         | bet money on it. The companies everyone keeps referencing were
         | free products. I got excited about Dropbox. So did my friends.
         | No friend has excitedly sent me a link to Mighty.
         | 
         | I'm sure some professionals will pay though. How many and how
         | many they need to hit their numbers is another question. They
         | can still probably ride the hype machine to an exit.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | clpwq wrote:
         | Interesting metric. The underlying principle is:
         | 
         | "No one went broke underestimating the intelligence of the
         | American public."
         | 
         | HN just hasn't internalized it quite yet, so we have the
         | counter-indicator.
        
         | justicezyx wrote:
         | > PG isn't defending Mighty, Dropbox or Coinbase
         | 
         | Those are not needing defense. Those are quite mundane
         | business.
         | 
         | Dropbox for one, everyone thinks it's useful. The controversial
         | part is whether or not it's a good business. Turns out Dropbox
         | is not so great a business. I mean, if Dropbox is in China, it
         | will be crushed by copycats and die very quickly.
         | 
         | Similarly for coinbase. It's useful. The question was whether
         | or not btc and crypto currency will be big enough for coinbase
         | to be a great business. Of course, given the success in crypto
         | currency, coinbase is a great business.
         | 
         | But neither of these are "crazy new ideas". They are not even
         | new ideas...
        
         | baud147258 wrote:
         | > Mighty is a better Chrome
         | 
         | yes, it's better in the sense that the privacy issues are even
         | better; well, worse in the viewpoint of the user, but since
         | when VCs cared about it?
        
         | te_chris wrote:
         | Mighty isn't "better chrome"! It's a whole thin client proxy-
         | service privacy-nightmare. It's more and more centralising of
         | everything under corporate control with the payoff to users of
         | marginal gains in speed. Kill it with fire.
        
           | the-dude wrote:
           | The money will be made by charging corporations, edu's &
           | gov's who want just that : centralized control.
        
             | dd36 wrote:
             | Yes. Unless they can figure out how to be free to
             | consumers.
        
         | ta_ca wrote:
         | there are lots of links to casey's twitter account but the real
         | gem is[0]. it reads like the famous jurassic park quote: 'Your
         | scientists were so preoccupied with whether or not they could,
         | they didn't stop to think if they should'
         | 
         | [0]https://twitter.com/cmuratori/status/1387126330961981441
        
         | easton wrote:
         | Mighty's problem is different than the others though, in that
         | it is a thin client for a thin client. If web apps are too big
         | to the point people need to stream Chrome in a container to get
         | them to run well, why wouldn't you just stream them a full
         | operating system where developers didn't have to target the web
         | with all of its oddities and instead could just target Windows
         | (or Linux)? The entire point of web applications was that they
         | didn't require an install and were lighter than their desktop
         | counterparts, and now that isn't true, so can't we ditch them?
        
           | suhail wrote:
           | Linux has low market share, Apple won't let you on non-Apple
           | hardware, and Windows has high fees to license in that way.
           | 
           | The only path is the browser and most desktop apps are web
           | apps.
           | 
           | Feel free to read my post that goes deeper about our
           | thinking: https://blog.mightyapp.com/mightys-secret-plan-to-
           | invent-the...
        
             | stephc_int13 wrote:
             | >most desktop apps are web apps.
             | 
             | Not yet.
        
               | stingrae wrote:
               | for the average user, they are.
        
               | boredtofears wrote:
               | I'm not sure who the average user is, but everyone I can
               | think of in my life that fits that description definitely
               | does not have more "web apps as desktop apps" than pure
               | desktop apps. Not by a long shot.
        
             | easton wrote:
             | Microsoft keeps cutting the cost of licensing Windows for
             | VDI though. Microsoft 365 E3 costs $32 a month (when you're
             | already probably paying them $15-20 per month, not a bad
             | increase) and includes Windows 10 Enterprise licensing for
             | VDI. $12 + compute (which we could presume is $30-ish per
             | month for a VM similar to the one Mighty ships? depending
             | on if you buy the servers vs go to a cloud provider, etc),
             | and it seems like you could get there for the cost Mighty
             | is charging for Chrome. You'd need a sysadmin to set it all
             | up, so a service like Mighty where you could just show it
             | you have the correct licenses and get a beefy VM turned up
             | would be really nice (Microsoft is working on something,
             | but who knows when it'll be out).
             | 
             | I read your article, and the technology sounds interesting.
             | I also understand you pivoted from offering a simple VDI
             | service, presumably because of licensing (and of course,
             | everything I just said goes out the window if Microsoft
             | decides to alter the deal). But for the worker who doesn't
             | 100% live in web apps (I'm thinking of the legions of
             | accountants who have 8GB of RAM tied up in Excel all day
             | long) and needs more than their garbage corporate machine
             | can handle, I don't see this being enough.
             | 
             | Maybe I'm wrong, and they'll hold me up as the next
             | "Dropbox is just FTP with extra steps!" person. I would be
             | fine with that. But maybe, just maybe, once the streaming
             | tech is proven (it looks like it is, honestly), reconsider?
        
             | noloblo wrote:
             | very valuable is it possible to get beta access @suhail
        
           | granshaw wrote:
           | > why wouldn't you just stream them a full operating system
           | where developers didn't have to target the web with all of
           | its oddities
           | 
           | Ahem, that ship has long since sailed. We have an entire
           | generation of developers now where all they know is the Web,
           | and industry investments, tooling, etc has all shifted in
           | that direction
        
           | marvin wrote:
           | Maybe they'll do that someday. Bootstrap to there, and then
           | switch around and save us all the hassle of writing webapps.
           | 
           | That would make this comment thread look more hilarious than
           | <<less space than a Nomad, no wireless>>.
        
           | merwanedr wrote:
           | Why doesn't Heroku simply give you a linux instance to do
           | whatever you want like you'd do with EC2? Because it's easier
           | for end users to deal with something that has a higher level
           | of abstraction. Mighty is addressing an existing problem with
           | a complex technology that seems simple on the surface.
        
         | qshaman wrote:
         | This is so common in SV, you are just being arrogant and salty
         | in general, because people are showing how dumb, privacy
         | unfriendly, and dangerous this product is, it has nothing to do
         | with envy. Using Dropbox as an example is even worst, thats
         | like saying "X celebrity is famous and smoke weed, then if I
         | smoke weed, I will be famous". PG is clearly biased and he is
         | just trying to get a return on his investment, thats all, and
         | if he needs to hype this product to make money he will. People
         | are not dummies, if the product is meant for the general public
         | and not the HN crowd, then start a Google Ads campaign, or get
         | in the Tonight Show or something.
        
         | networkimprov wrote:
         | Gmail is a better _Eudora /Outlook_, not a better SMTP.
         | 
         | TMTP is a better SMTP. See link in my profile.
        
         | mbesto wrote:
         | > HN comment section pessimism is a new metric for evaluating
         | your odds of success.
         | 
         | It's not. This is survivorship bias from the infamous stories
         | about Dropbox, Coinbase, etc. There's plenty of "Show HNs" of
         | HNr's criticizing companies that go nowhere. Including one of
         | my own!
         | 
         | What you're referring to is effectively called "non consensus
         | and right"[0]. The problem with this concept is that it can
         | only be verified after the idea is deemed right or wrong.
         | 
         | https://disruptionobserver.files.wordpress.com/2016/07/image...
        
           | fighterpilot wrote:
           | Non-consensus and right is the best framework for making
           | investments, since you need non-consensus in order to get a
           | cheap price. But for merely estimating the probability that
           | something will succeed, consensus (whether positive or
           | negative) is probably slightly predictive in that regard, as
           | you point out w.r.t. survivor bias.
           | 
           | I do put a lot of stock into Paul's essay, though. If someone
           | credible and highly intelligent has some non-consensus
           | opinion, it's a good idea to suspend judgement and really
           | listen to their reasoning.
        
         | s3r3nity wrote:
         | Don't forget my favorite: "Slack is just IRC with clever
         | marketing."
        
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