[HN Gopher] Orbit: an experimental platform for small tasks repe...
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       Orbit: an experimental platform for small tasks repeated over time
        
       Author : goerz
       Score  : 267 points
       Date   : 2021-05-05 15:50 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | edwintorok wrote:
       | So this is the system described in [0], which I've been curious
       | about for a while, but wasn't readily available. It'll be
       | interesting to see how this compares or complements tools like
       | Dendron. The style also reminds me of the fedwiki.
       | 
       | [0] https://notes.andymatuschak.org/About_these_notes
        
       | yewenjie wrote:
       | The homepage does not load if you use an adblocker that blocks
       | Sentry.
       | 
       | Edit: Has been fixed in the latest commit.
        
         | cobrabyte wrote:
         | Can confirm.
        
         | caslon wrote:
         | (Unless you're using an adblocker worth its salt, like uBO on
         | Firefox, in which case it works perfectly.)
        
       | Ataraxy wrote:
       | I saw the name and was hoping he was open sourcing his notes
       | platform hehe.
       | 
       | This is interesting, but definitely above my head.
        
       | kickscondor wrote:
       | I'm excited by all of the neat hypertext developments we're
       | seeing out there! Like Quotebacks[0] - snippets that are designed
       | to be for all-purpose use rather than dev use.
       | 
       | To me, this is a possible sign that there is momentum back toward
       | general Web blogging and home pages. While native apps have a lot
       | of great tooling these days (like TikTok's "duets" or Snapchat
       | filters), the Web excels at markup and embedding - and it's great
       | to see tools that play to that strength.
       | 
       | [0] https://quotebacks.net
        
       | odyslam wrote:
       | This is awesome man. Thanks for sharing!
        
       | vinceguidry wrote:
       | I really wish people would stop dual-licensing with permissive
       | licenses. This particular case seems pretty bad, and completely
       | negates the whole point of releasing it under the AGPL in the
       | first place, by having the BSL convert to Apache License in three
       | years. Three years is no time at all, and after that it's like
       | the AGPL never existed.
       | 
       | I don't agree with releasing libraries under a permissive
       | license, but that's of course the prerogative of the author.
       | Businesses don't need to have their GPL fears coddled, they can
       | and need to learn how to work with copylefted software.
        
       | da39a3ee wrote:
       | I'm afraid I felt that the spaced repetition questions on quantum
       | country were a complete waste of time. There I was struggling (a
       | lot!) with trying to work out how on Earth to think about C^2
       | (the space of 2-tuples of complex numbers, which you might semi-
       | naively think of as 4-dimensional but that's probably a terrible
       | mistake, but anyway that's not really germane to the point here)
       | and the spaced repetition questions were asking me totally
       | superficial questions, of the sort you might expect to be given
       | to a 13 year old.
       | 
       | I couldn't help feeling that this was likely to be a
       | manifestation of the common desire nowadays to make things
       | "inclusive". I would love for things to be inclusive, but we
       | mustn't let inclusiveness be correlated with dumbing down; that
       | will in the end turn out to be a toxic correlation. And there is
       | a limit to how inclusive you can be about complex vector spaces
       | and their use in modeling information in such a way as to
       | facilitate non-classical computing.
        
       | anotha1 wrote:
       | I read the readme, now can someone explain what this is like I'm
       | stupid?
        
         | caslon wrote:
         | I haven't used it/had no idea about it until reading this post,
         | but here's my attempt.
         | 
         | You aren't stupid, it's just that the genre of projects
         | (spaced-repetition systems) Orbit is in is pretty niche.
         | 
         | It mentions that it more or less wants to be a more generalized
         | version of Anki. Anki is basically an application that goes,
         | "Hey. Here are some flashcards you haven't seen in a while. Do
         | you still know the answers?" The specific timing of these
         | depends on how many times you've gotten them right in the past,
         | with the aim of getting the information into your long-term
         | memory.
         | 
         | Anki is _incredibly_ useful for memorization. However, because
         | of how limited it is, it 's only really gained popularity in
         | the medical student space and the language-learning community.
         | It's not really extensible beyond what you'd expect from
         | flashcards that you can embed video in.
         | 
         | What Orbit seems to claim to do is have a _very_ extensible
         | system for spaced-repetition, so that the underlying principles
         | can be used for a wider array of things. However, it doesn 't
         | appear to be aiming for mass uptake; rather, it's mostly a
         | research vessel to gain an understanding of the problem domain.
        
           | anotha1 wrote:
           | I'm really stupid and/or lack the attention for this, but
           | thank you for trying!
        
           | redrobein wrote:
           | > because of how limited it is...
           | 
           | What is so limiting about Anki? Anki cards are also fully
           | javascript capable, and anything you can't achieve with just
           | js you can do with their python addon api. From what I've
           | seen the only use case Orbit serves that Anki doesn't is the
           | ability to embed cards on your own pages.
        
         | asoneth wrote:
         | Orbit looks like a way to publish content with accompanying
         | spaced repetition. Spaced repetition is a technique to
         | efficiently improve long-term recall.
         | 
         | The most accessible primer on spaced repetition I've seen is
         | Nicky Case's interactive exploration at
         | https://ncase.me/remember/
        
         | degenerate wrote:
         | This page explains it a bit more, and gives a demo:
         | 
         | https://docs.withorbit.com/
         | 
         | It looks like a flash card widget that you can embed in your
         | blog. Honestly I have no idea what the context is for needing
         | this, perhaps the authors could point to a real-world use case?
         | I don't understand what the "Forgotten" and "Remembered"
         | buttons do, or why a new question pops up when I click one. It
         | seems to loop forever through different cards in a random
         | pattern. This page doesn't do a great job of explaining the
         | project from a 50-foot level, and the homepage is even worse at
         | that.
        
           | spelunker wrote:
           | I found the docs as well. The docs jump right in and use
           | words like "prompts", "prose", and talking about writing a
           | bunch. I guess maybe this is intended for authors? The
           | inspiration listed is a digital book
           | (https://quantum.country/). Some context sure would be nice.
           | 
           | Agreed, none of the documentation does a good "elevator
           | pitch" or summary of what the product is, or the intended
           | audience.
           | 
           | neat font though.
        
             | rolisz wrote:
             | The digital book is made by the same guy, Andy M. and
             | Michael Nielsen. Orbit seems to be a platform to enable
             | anyone to build similar content, with mnemonic content
             | (flash cards basically) built in.
        
           | dvfjsdhgfv wrote:
           | Yes, they really try hard to make it as obscure as possible.
           | Here is my take. Imagine you publish an article on some
           | complex subject matter - the kind that requires a pause and
           | reflection after each sentence. Imagine that after a
           | paragraph or two there is a widget where you can test your
           | understanding of the above paragraph. It seems useful to me,
           | but of course it depends on the actual implementation.
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | As whimsicalism says, it's like Anki.
           | 
           | You get the question and then the answer; if you remember the
           | answer, the question won't be re-asked for a longer time, if
           | you don't, the question will be re-asked sooner.
           | 
           | It appears (?) to be a sort of global tool---you embed your
           | flashcards into the text you are writing and the reader gets
           | asked your questions in addition to questions from the math
           | book they read last week or last month.
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | Are you familiar with Anki?
        
         | StavrosK wrote:
         | It's a thing for learning stuff that fits on cards.
        
           | anotha1 wrote:
           | Perfect, thanks!
        
             | StavrosK wrote:
             | Haha, you're welcome!
        
         | waynesonfire wrote:
         | decentralized, right in the readme. what more do you need to
         | know?
        
       | andymatuschak wrote:
       | Hi, all. Author of the project here. Sorry to have caused some
       | confusion: this is part of a research project, and it's not yet
       | meant to be terribly legible to a public audience.
       | 
       | In the near-term, this project is about augmenting written texts
       | so that readers can easily remember the key details. See
       | https://quantum.country for an example or
       | https://numinous.productions/ttft for detailed background and
       | discussion.
        
         | pugio wrote:
         | Hi Andy, thank you for doing this. I've been checking your
         | Twitter feed daily to see when this is released. I love the
         | direction of your research and am really excited to see how
         | Orbit develops.
         | 
         | I've been experimenting with integrating Orbit (before this
         | release) into some _Intro to Data Science_ Jupyter notebooks I
         | use to teach a class (code, text, Orbit questions). I 'm hoping
         | to publish the course on the web later this year, and, if I can
         | get a good integration, experimenting to see if adding SRS
         | elements helps student performance.
         | 
         | I haven't looked at the code base yet, but I'm curious to see
         | if I can integrate the questions with our code execution
         | environment, and have spaced review of executable code inline
         | in the question/answer prompt card.
        
       | Raed667 wrote:
       | I have lost count of how many projects called Orbit I have seen
       | so far.
        
         | Igelau wrote:
         | This is the one that would have helped you remember the others.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | judofyr wrote:
       | Some context: The author created https://quantum.country which is
       | a text book augmented with spaced-repetition. It seems that Orbit
       | is a toolkit for creating these types of flashcard/spaced-
       | repetition learning webpages for anyone (with the user data being
       | stored at Orbit's server).
       | 
       | I'll have to say that I'm still not 100% sure how useful this
       | approach is. Most of the times when you're learning something
       | you're not merely _reading_ , but you're also actively _using_
       | the knowledge in some way. If I 'm learning about B-trees then
       | the major part of that learning process is implementing them. If
       | I'm learning some complicated math I will solve a bunch of
       | exercises. Where does flashcards in a text book fit into this?
       | 
       | It was also my impression (from the Anki community) that spaced-
       | repetition is far more effective when you create the cards
       | yourself. A common "beginner mistake" is to download a pre-made
       | deck and start memorizing from scratch.
        
         | lrei wrote:
         | Research shows that doing the recall is the important part. The
         | effect is by now well accepted. Off course if you do the cards
         | yourself you can guarantee both their quality and their
         | relevance to you. Ive heard of research pointing that learning
         | things that are relevant to you helps. (If you are learning
         | Spanish to speak with a relative or friend a flash card with an
         | obscure literary word is probably more annoying than helpful).
         | early episodes of Learning Scientists podcast talk about using
         | vs creating flash cards if you want to know more.
        
         | wccrawford wrote:
         | I made a SRS deck for PHP stuff when I was going to take the
         | certification.
         | 
         | What I found was that studying the deck didn't help me _at
         | all_. What did help was _making_ the deck.
         | 
         | IMO, if something makes the deck for you, it's going to
         | drastically reduce the usefulness of the deck. Making the deck
         | means a lot, and possibly much more than studying the deck
         | could do for you.
         | 
         | It does help that this is making it from something you're
         | trying to read... But I think removing that effort is actually
         | harmful to the experience.
        
         | kitsunesoba wrote:
         | > It was also my impression (from the Anki community) that
         | spaced-repetition is far more effective when you create the
         | cards yourself. A common "beginner mistake" is to download a
         | pre-made deck and start memorizing from scratch.
         | 
         | Varies between people and subject matter I think.
         | 
         | All of my Anki usage thus far has been for language learning,
         | and for this use case pre-made decks have been better than
         | self-made for the simple reason that these decks are higher
         | quality than I have patience to build myself. I do still plan
         | to build my own decks for vocab beyond core 2-3k but for
         | getting off to a running start I think premade is just fine.
        
         | rahimnathwani wrote:
         | "Where does flashcards in a text book fit into this?"
         | 
         | Answering a question doesn't have to rely only on rote
         | memorization. For example, a book might explain how to do
         | addition, and then ask "What is 110+257?". You might need to
         | use a piece of paper to work out the answer. And, if that same
         | question is asked again a couple of weeks later, it's unlikely
         | you'll remember the answer. You'll need to work it out again,
         | reinforcing your understanding of the technique.
         | 
         | "spaced-repetition is far more effective when you create the
         | cards yourself"
         | 
         | Yes, but part of the reason is that there's little point in
         | having a card for something you've not encountered in another
         | context. But Quantum Country doesn't present questions to you
         | until after you've encountered the concept in the text.
        
         | rolisz wrote:
         | I think the "beginner mistake" is that you can download a pre-
         | made deck of 1000 German words, many of which you have never
         | heard before, so it will be very hard to make them stick in
         | your memory.
         | 
         | With Orbit, I think the idea is that the prompts are very well
         | crafted (Andy has some research on making good prompts) and
         | also that you are encountering the questions right in the
         | context where you are learning about them, so you have
         | something to attach them to.
         | 
         | I think this is a complementary thing for implementing B-trees
         | or solving exercises. That is needed as well, but will you
         | still remember the finer details of splitting nodes in a B-Tree
         | a month later? Or six months later? Which might or might not be
         | necessary.
        
           | hobofan wrote:
           | Fully agreed! I think the existing options for pre-made decks
           | often resemble your "1000 German words" example, and the
           | space of providing good pre-made decks is explored far too
           | little and dismissed too quickly in the Anki community.
           | 
           | I can see something like Orbit very likely existing in the
           | set of my future learning tools. Most texts that I read
           | (doesn't matter with how much concentration), flow right
           | through me and nothing sticks. The only way to make them
           | stick is by exercising with spaced repetition flashcards, but
           | creating them often takes so much time that I only bother to
           | do it for the most important subjects.
           | 
           | A possible future evolution of the concept where cards
           | unlocked on two independent websites can unlock further cards
           | like "how does concept A (from website A) relate to concept B
           | (from website B)" would be amazing, and seems very much in
           | the realm of possiblity.
        
           | judofyr wrote:
           | > I think this is a complementary thing for implementing
           | B-trees or solving exercises. That is needed as well, but
           | will you still remember the finer details of splitting nodes
           | in a B-Tree a month later? Or six months later? Which might
           | or might not be necessary.
           | 
           | This is a very good point. This is the type of knowledge
           | which I don't care about retaining. I'm pretty confident that
           | I can re-learn it in a few days when I need it later. It's
           | also not critical to have this knowledge at the top of my
           | head as I'm rarely going to be in a situation where I need to
           | recall this immediately.
           | 
           | This is quite different from vocabulary where it _is_
           | critical that you can find (or understand) the word in
           | seconds otherwise you 'll fail at communicating.
        
         | mduncs wrote:
         | You make a great point that using knowledge is important in
         | actually learning the study material. Personally, those moments
         | of learning happen when I stumble across a problem where I'm
         | applying my knowledge in the wild.
         | 
         | What I've found is that spaced-repetition software lets me keep
         | in touch with information long enough to be able to have those
         | moments more consistently, otherwise I read something
         | interesting, take notes, and two weeks later its pretty much
         | out of memory. By extending the amount of time info is living
         | in my head, I get more chances to use the knowledge and take it
         | to heart!
         | 
         | This doesn't lend itself to everything perfectly well though,
         | I've had luck learning how to do household tasks like
         | gardening, cooking where I'm semi-regularly getting chances to
         | use what I'm learning
        
       | bruhhh wrote:
       | genuine question: why should we care?
        
       | mdoms wrote:
       | > Orbit is an experimental platform for publishing and engaging
       | with small tasks repeatedly over time. In the short term, it's
       | focused on supporting the "mnemonic medium", a way of augmenting
       | texts so that readers can easily remember all the key details.
       | For an example, see Quantum Country, a textbook on quantum
       | computation. More abstractly, Orbit aspires to offer a more
       | general form of spaced repetition systems like Anki, as part of a
       | connected cloud service. Learn more on the home page.
       | 
       | Huh?
        
       | airhead969 wrote:
       | Nuke them... from Orbit!
        
       | twobitshifter wrote:
       | Just recently I was reading about supermemo, a tool that's about
       | 30 years old but has been updated and focuses on improving
       | retained memory. It was developed by Piotr Wozniak who based on
       | this 2008 article has taken the system as far as humanly possible
       | by surrending his life to the algorithm.
       | 
       | https://www.wired.com/2008/04/ff-wozniak/
       | 
       | The supermemo algorithm has been published and you'll find all
       | sorts of implementations including the Ruby gem forgetful.
       | 
       | I read the mnemonic memory article and I didn't see what differs
       | between orbit and supermemo, but that doesn't mean the approaches
       | are the same.
        
         | cyphar wrote:
         | The schematics for the older versions of the SuperMemo
         | algorithm (SM-2 and SM-5) have been published but they're quite
         | old and any good reimplementation is actually a fork that fixes
         | glaring deficiencies in the old algorithms.
         | 
         | The newest versions (SM-19) are proprietary and rely on a bunch
         | of training data (they use some kind of ML) gathered from
         | SuperMemo users (there is a way to get access to SuperMemo
         | algorithm but you have to negotiate a license from memory).
         | There is some rough outline of the algorithms on the SuperMemo
         | wiki, but you couldn't reimplement it any more than you could
         | reimplement Google Search given the Wikipedia description of
         | PageRank.
        
           | BeetleB wrote:
           | > there is a way to get access to SuperMemo algorithm but you
           | have to negotiate a license from memory
           | 
           | Well, SuperMemo may be of some help to the memory portion :-)
        
         | andymatuschak wrote:
         | (Orbit author here) Wozniak is the pioneer, and like all in
         | this space, we're heavily inspired by his work. Orbit is a
         | vehicle for exploring some different ideas in this space. For
         | instance, we're looking at how spaced repetition might be woven
         | into a written form, like a book, so that authors can
         | facilitate readers internalizing ideas deeply with relatively
         | little extra effort. (see https://quantum.country for an
         | example)
        
           | jkhdigital wrote:
           | Are you familiar with Niklas Luhmann's "zettelkasten"
           | methods? Seems like there might be some fertile ground at the
           | intersection of these two ideas...
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Since it doesn't look like this project has been discussed on HN
       | before (though it was a bit hard to search for:
       | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...),
       | I've changed the title from "Orbit is now open source" to one
       | that describes the project.
       | 
       | Edit: ah, but the author's related essay has been discussed a
       | couple times:
       | 
       |  _Develop Transformative Tools for Thought_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26078115 - Feb 2021 (1
       | comment)
       | 
       |  _How can we develop transformative tools for thought?_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22147212 - Jan 2020 (44
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _How can we develop transformative tools for thought?_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21152542 - Oct 2019 (74
       | comments)
        
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       (page generated 2021-05-05 23:00 UTC)