[HN Gopher] D(?)A(?)O - Decentralization and Autonomy in "DAOs"
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       D(?)A(?)O - Decentralization and Autonomy in "DAOs"
        
       Author : bpierre
       Score  : 44 points
       Date   : 2021-05-04 18:31 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (boardroom.mirror.xyz)
 (TXT) w3m dump (boardroom.mirror.xyz)
        
       | nullc wrote:
       | Missing the point. These things are supposed to exist for pure
       | marketing blitz, it doesn't matter if they're actually
       | decenteralized or even outright fraudulent.
       | 
       | It just has to help bring in enough new suckers to allow the
       | recipients of ethereum's huge pre-mine (now valued at about one
       | quarter trillion dollars) to exit more of their positions without
       | collapsing the price.
        
         | anotha1 wrote:
         | I hope your wrong, for the sake of all the folks that invested
         | in this.
        
           | nocommentguy wrote:
           | Thank you for looking out for my financial well-being,
           | internet stranger
        
         | knowaveragejoe wrote:
         | Ethereum's pre-mine is worth more than half of ETH's market
         | cap?
        
           | yaa_minu wrote:
           | Yes, 70% premine. Absolutely unethical
        
             | nocommentguy wrote:
             | Describing a public crowdsale as a premine is unethical.
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | Something doesn't stop being a premine once you sell it.
               | 
               | Once they've finished selling their premine to the public
               | would it be accurate to say it wasn't premined at all? Of
               | course not. So it's not accurate to exclude the partially
               | sold portion now.
               | 
               | This massive understatement of their premine is a well
               | known example of the dishonesty of ethereums operators
               | and advocates.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | knowaveragejoe wrote:
             | How does one learn this information? Do you have a link?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/07/22/launching-the-ether-
               | sal...
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | "We are not blocking the US after all. Yay."
               | 
               | I hope you can see why many people believed the US was
               | prohibited.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Yes, if they weren't paying attention.
               | 
               | There was serious concern that the Ethereum Foundation
               | would get in trouble with the SEC if they sold in the US.
               | They delayed the crowdsale for several months while they
               | consulted lawyers, who finally signed off on a way to
               | keep them out of SEC trouble. There was a lot of
               | discussion about this in the community.
               | 
               | The presale was open for 42 days and very well known in
               | the crypto community. Within the first few days it was
               | clear that it was going to be one of the largest
               | crowdsales to date, so it got regular media attention
               | too.
        
             | DennisP wrote:
             | Only a small portion went to the early devs, and an equal
             | amount to the nonprofit foundation. The rest of that 70%
             | went to the presale, which was open to anyone and well-
             | advertised. First-year bitcoiners had a way bigger
             | advantage than ETH presale buyers.
             | 
             | https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/07/22/launching-the-ether-
             | sal...
        
               | Tenoke wrote:
               | In all fairness, a presale effectively means it went to
               | them and then they sold it for money at the earliest
               | price.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | The bitcoins that people paid went to the nonprofit
               | foundation, not to individuals. The foundation paid
               | people salaries in exchange for work, and is still
               | funding Ethereum development today.
               | 
               | I.e. it was a crowdsale raising funds for development,
               | much like projects on Indiegogo except that it was a
               | nonprofit instead of a business.
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | No one person controls more than 1% of ETH supply. Satoshi
         | still owns 1M BTC, or 5% of all BTC and it's said that the
         | Winklevoss twins control about 1% of BTC supply.
        
           | nullc wrote:
           | We don't actually know much about who controls the eth
           | supply. Their pre-mine recipients were mostly anonymous and
           | with the fast majority going to a few addresses. For all you
           | know they recycled received funds back out in their crowd
           | sale and bought multiple times.
           | 
           | Participation was limited because US residents-- by far the
           | largest population of cryptocurrency users-- were prohibited
           | from participating (though of course some did). [Edit: A
           | comment below claims otherwise, I don't actually see support
           | for that in my source, and my own correspondence from the
           | time states that it wasn't. I'm not sure if something changed
           | around the launch, or if I'm somehow mistaken.]
           | 
           | I dunno anything about winklevoss speculation, people often
           | include funds held in custody as if they're owned by the
           | custodian and reach weird conclusions. It's easy to list
           | ethereum accounts that hold >=1% of all ethereum:
           | 0x281055afc982d96fab65b3a49cac8b878184cb16,
           | 0x6f46cf5569aefa1acc1009290c8e043747172d89,
           | 0x90e63c3d53e0ea496845b7a03ec7548b70014a91,
           | 0x53d284357ec70ce289d6d64134dfac8e511c8a3d,
           | 0xab7c74abc0c4d48d1bdad5dcb26153fc8780f83e,
           | 0xfe9e8709d3215310075d67e3ed32a380ccf451c8; while the largest
           | Bitcoin address is under 1%. (Of course, parties can have
           | multiple addresses, and as mentioned some parties hold coins
           | for many other people)
           | 
           | Moreover, regardless of the distribution Bitcoin had no
           | premine: Everyone who has Bitcoin received it in a open
           | process available to the whole world with no particular
           | privilege other than knowing and caring about it when it was
           | almost worthless before other people did. (well, I suppose
           | except for those people who stole theirs :)).
           | 
           | We don't actually know how many Bitcoin Satoshi-- if he's
           | still alive-- owns: there are guesses based on assuming
           | various earlier miners might have been him, but they're
           | guesses. The 1M claim specifically is flat out false: it
           | comes from counting up every coin mined during the first year
           | that was still on spent at the time the figure started
           | circulating a few years ago. It includes many coins known to
           | have been mined by other people, including likely myself.
        
             | nocommentguy wrote:
             | Hi Greg,
             | 
             | > For all you know they recycled received funds back out in
             | their crowd sale and bought multiple times.
             | 
             | Actually we know that they didn't and so do you, because
             | the funds didn't leave the multisig until the sale ended
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | Turns out that money is fungible. The moment the
               | crowdsale ended the CEO paid himself out a million
               | dollars and left. ...
        
               | knowaveragejoe wrote:
               | Do you have a source for this claim?
        
             | DennisP wrote:
             | U.S. residents were not prohibited. Here's the official
             | announcement saying so:
             | 
             | https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/07/22/launching-the-ether-
             | sal...
        
           | seigando wrote:
           | Wow. that puts him in the top 30 richest people on
           | earth...according to https://www.forbes.com/real-time-
           | billionaires/#233e45c53d78 which i randomly googled.
        
         | miohtama wrote:
         | I did a thread on the evolution of cryptocurrencies today. I
         | cover the term "premine." Your arguments do not make sense.
         | 
         | https://mobile.twitter.com/moo9000/status/138957146600232551...
        
         | nocommentguy wrote:
         | This user is Greg Maxwell, who works full-time on internet
         | arguments on behalf of AXA ventures, the organization that
         | deliberately crippled Bitcoin in an attempt to monetize
         | sidechains. Since that failed, he has been relegated to simple
         | FUD while his handlers accumulate ETH.
        
           | nullc wrote:
           | I've never spoken to anyone at AXA as far as I know, FWIW. Of
           | course, the rest of your smearing is similarly nonsense.
        
       | seibelj wrote:
       | If you want to see a graph about why many are so bullish on
       | Ethereum -
       | https://cdn.substack.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_p...
       | 
       | Blockchain is like the early days of the internet, probably like
       | 1998 right now. There were competitors to all the major internet
       | protocols - TCP/IP, WWW, HTTP, but once everyone standardized the
       | web flourished.
       | 
       | I believe Ethereum is like that today. There are competitors, and
       | loud internet commenters are financially incentivized to
       | criticize it and promote others, but if you look at where organic
       | development and new projects are founded on, Ethereum is far and
       | away the most popular. Others are not even close.
       | 
       | Other chains who criticize the fees of Ethereum are essentially
       | saying, "That place is so crowded, nobody goes there anymore."
       | ETH is working on scaling, bit by bit, and now with Layer-2
       | solutions like Optimism, Arbitrum, Matic/Polygon, zkSync,
       | Immutable, etc. etc. it's finally allowing scale in a significant
       | way even before ETH2 is launched and takes over. Many chains pay
       | projects to port their dapps to their own chain just to get some
       | sort of third-party development, while the Ethereum Foundation
       | primarily funds fundamental research and protocol improvements -
       | Ethereum doesn't need to pay people to build on their chain.
       | 
       | If an alternative blockchain's only reason to exist is "Like
       | Ethereum - but with lower fees!" I would be leery. Some chains
       | like Monero exist with a very defined purpose (privacy), and I
       | see Bitcoin as something else entirely (store of value). But as
       | the one-chain-to-rule-them-all, Ethereum would be your best bet.
        
         | knowaveragejoe wrote:
         | The graph is a few years out of date, fwiw.
        
           | seibelj wrote:
           | True - but as a longtime crypto pro the sentiment is still
           | accurate IMO.
           | 
           | See recent article https://decrypt.co/66740/who-are-the-
           | fastest-growing-develop...
           | 
           | > _There are more than 8,000 monthly active developers
           | working on various cryptocurrency projects, according to the
           | Developer Report, produced by Electric Capital, a venture
           | firm, with some 80% of those developers starting in the last
           | two years._
           | 
           | > _The current leader in terms of people actively
           | contributing to the development of a network is Ethereum,
           | with approximately 2,300 average monthly developers - those
           | who were active on a monthly basis, according to the
           | Developer Report. The number actively working on Ethereum has
           | grown by 215% in 3 years._
        
         | Tenoke wrote:
         | I don't see a reason to think that Ethereum is definitely like
         | tcp/ip rather than e.g. like operating systems, social
         | networks, browsers, programming languages etc.
         | 
         | Ethereum is the best bet for the leader in the space (it
         | already is) but some of the competitors bet on having different
         | paradigms with different advantages rather than just lower fees
         | e.g. ADA or SOL, and I don't see a reason for certainty that
         | there'd be only 1 big success even if it's possible.
        
         | mondoveneziano wrote:
         | > Blockchain is like the early days of the internet, probably
         | like 1998 right now. There were competitors to all the major
         | internet protocols - TCP/IP, WWW, HTTP, but once everyone
         | standardized the web flourished.
         | 
         | This just hurts to read. I get the point you are trying to
         | make, but spewing non-factual comparisons isn't helping. 1998
         | is not "early Internet", more like 1970. By 1998, TCP/IP was
         | entirely established; it was standardized in the 1980s. "WWW"
         | is not a separate protocol, if you already list it with HTTP.
         | 
         | As to the overall comparison of Blockchain with "the Internet"
         | that is so popular: I don't see it. Up until the recent modern
         | age, the Internet was always something where demand--and
         | desired applications--were vastly over capacity and capability.
         | From the moment computers were networked, more people wanted to
         | do more things over those networks, and both infrastructure and
         | underlying technology had to grow to barely keep up (or, in
         | fact, could not keep up--many long desired applications only
         | became feasible in the 2000s or so). This does not resemble the
         | history of Blockchains.
         | 
         | Equating something with the technology that completely changed
         | the shape of the world is a _very_ tall order. Electricity
         | qualifies, probably the printing press does.
        
           | xur17 wrote:
           | > From the moment computers were networked, more people
           | wanted to do more things over those networks, and both
           | infrastructure and underlying technology had to grow to
           | barely keep up
           | 
           | It's not exactly the same, but this rings at least somewhat
           | similar to what Ethereum is going through - the demand is
           | pretty clearly there (people are willing to pay very hefty
           | transaction fees to use it), and scaling solutions are just
           | starting to launch that are enabling entirely new features,
           | which I imagine will unlock another wave of demand.
        
         | jerry1979 wrote:
         | >If an alternative blockchain's only reason to exist is "Like
         | Ethereum - but with lower fees!" I would be leery.
         | 
         | Do you think that taproot on the bitcoin chain could fill that
         | role?
        
           | seibelj wrote:
           | The bitcoin culture is very religious and getting even minor
           | changes into the protocol are very difficult. Bitcoin is not
           | trying to be like Ethereum, no one speaks for bitcoin, and
           | everyone can have their own opinion on what it is. The fact
           | it takes so long to make changes is a good thing from my
           | perspective - the risk to the entire crypto space if BTC were
           | to have a serious problem is catastrophic, so slow-and-steady
           | is a smart tactic.
           | 
           | For me, bitcoin is a store of value, like digital gold. I
           | don't purchase BTC for the same reasons I purchase ETH.
           | 
           | Taproot will enable better privacy on bitcoin and more
           | efficient transactions. It will not enable an EVM-like smart
           | contract system.
        
           | dsr_ wrote:
           | Remember that there are lots of reasons to prefer OSI over
           | TCP/IP, it's just that TCP/IP focused on interoperability and
           | being useful.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | Not so much. OSI actually sucked. You had to pay to read
             | the specs. Their stream protocol (CLNS) was a straight copy
             | of TCP. There was no defined API (see: BSD Sockets). The
             | layers were arbitrary, following Conway's Law vs the number
             | of committees in the ISO organization. In addition as you
             | note there was no interop and production deployment was
             | rare.
        
               | dsr_ wrote:
               | All of those are reasons to prefer OSI! Assuming you were
               | a high-ranking bureaucrat in a national postal-telegraph-
               | telephone organization.
        
       | chrisco255 wrote:
       | This article is a good overview of DAOs but spends a lot of time
       | on terminology and taxonomy, without necessarily painting a clear
       | picture to someone not familiar with DAOs as to how they operate
       | in the wild today and perhaps how they will in the future. I
       | continue to believe that DAOs are one of the most disruptive
       | technologies of the 21st century. The ability to coordinate
       | humans and capital in a decentralized way is powerful and will be
       | used for everything from for-profit initiatives to non-profit
       | foundations. The pluggable, open-source nature of these systems
       | means that DAO treasury management and governance will become
       | more and more sophisticated with time. Eventually, many of us are
       | going to end up taking jobs working for DAOs.
        
         | anotha1 wrote:
         | > most disruptive technologies of the 21st century.
         | 
         | I couldn't agree more.
         | 
         | Though, as far as this article goes, I was looking for more of
         | a playbook than high-level market analysis.
        
         | highfrequency wrote:
         | What is the argument? Why would we expect a version of Apple
         | with decentralized governance to outperform the current Apple?
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | I don't know why you would pick Apple. They are a hardware
           | company. I'm not saying that the introduction of DAOs will be
           | the death of all corporations. I could make a much stronger
           | argument for a decentralized social network coordinated by a
           | DAO, so I would make the case for a DAO-controlled Twitter,
           | Reddit, or Facebook (which are software businesses). That's
           | not to say that DAOs couldn't be used for a more physical
           | business but software is certainly a more natural fit.
           | Uniswap, for example, which is a decentralized version of
           | Coinbase or NYSE, has something like 7 or 8 employees, is
           | trading $2B a day in value, and has $8.5B in liquidity
           | available for exchange. This is for a young startup less than
           | 2 years old run entirely on smart contracts. Not bad.
           | 
           | https://info.uniswap.org/home https://cryptofees.info/
        
           | 21eleven wrote:
           | Because the governance structures of DAOs will be open source
           | smart contracts they will be, in theory, easier to iterate
           | upon and improve.
        
           | tedunangst wrote:
           | The DAO Apple would vote to make iPhones with replaceable
           | batteries, which as we all know, is what the market actually
           | wants.
        
           | casi18 wrote:
           | It is an interesting question, but what would outperforming
           | Apple look like? and on what timescale?
           | 
           | Is it being more profitable? Having happier workers? Making
           | the sleekest shiny things? And are we thinking for the next
           | year or the next hundred years?
           | 
           | Decentralized organisations seem (to me) to be prioritising
           | resilience over efficiency. This seems like a long game. But
           | perhaps shared ownership and pseudonymous employment will
           | appeal to people. And perhaps sourcing workers anywhere in
           | the world will lead to quick contacts building and fast
           | deployment too. Or it could get caught up in bureaucracy, but
           | then we can just fork the daos and vampire attack them!
           | 
           | There is a lot a vague murkyness in national law as to who is
           | responsible/where is tax payed/what is it, but the idea of
           | being able to click a button and i have a borderless
           | organisation with voting systems and memberships all ready to
           | go to anyone who wants to join in is pretty exciting. Think
           | of the crazy possibilities of collisions happening, people to
           | meet, ideas to be generated. If we increase the speed at
           | which people, ideas, and capital can come together that can
           | be explosive (and that could be good or bad). We can have
           | groups of strangers round the world seeding startups of
           | anonymous teenagers writing code after school, before the
           | university lecturers and vcs ever get to them. Thats radical
           | and revolutionary. DAOs are the most exciting thing going in
           | crypto imo.
        
           | miketery wrote:
           | I'd say you could gain some efficiencies. I think the same
           | governance structure that Apple has can be implemented for
           | the most part in a DOA (e.g. shareholder voting, board
           | assignments, CEO hiring, dividend distributions). The hard
           | part is interfacing with physical world legal system. But
           | even then the DAO can agree to accept jurisdiction X. Then we
           | can do taxation and accounting in the clear. Obviously far
           | out. But not impossible.
        
             | lottin wrote:
             | So, the company would have the same governance structure,
             | only more efficient? How exactly it would be more
             | efficient, you don't say.
        
               | miketery wrote:
               | Voting, and dividend distribution today requires
               | intermediaries (e.g. broker). Those can be direct.
        
         | miohtama wrote:
         | I did a thread on the history of cryptocurrencies today. It
         | explains the history of DAOs, their benefits and some future
         | aspects we are likely to see:
         | 
         | https://mobile.twitter.com/moo9000/status/138957146600232551...
        
         | wyager wrote:
         | If the DAO has to plug back into existing legal/technical
         | infrastructure (which includes almost everything outside of a
         | few narrow cases like token market makers), there's not really
         | any meaningful improvement from using a DAO over a traditional
         | legal structure.
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | Of course there is. First of all, these systems will cause
           | legal systems to change over time to adapt to their
           | existence. Second of all, they're borderless, open,
           | permissionless, pluggable systems for the coordination of
           | human creativity and capital. There are thousands of ways to
           | take advantage of that that far exceed what you can do with a
           | Delaware C-Corp.
        
             | wyager wrote:
             | > borderless, open, permissionless
             | 
             | None of this matters if the actual real-world resources of
             | a DAO are under the legislative power of a government. The
             | DAO is no better off than a normal corporation with a
             | charter.
        
       | atweiden wrote:
       | The worst part about reading these articles is how you can
       | immediately tell they're an advertorial for Ethereum. You're one
       | sentence into it, and you can already tell the target market is
       | your disposable income. It makes you feel hustled. Like the
       | internet equivalent of a one-room shop in a third world country.
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | I lost a lot of faith in DAO and the whole code as contract when
       | the proponents abandoned it as soon as they lost substantial
       | money. When someone found a way to make a lot of money from the
       | DAO contract, instead of congratulating them for using the letter
       | of the contract to make money, the owners of the DAO suddenly
       | started calling it theft and hacking and changed the protocol to
       | make recover their money.
       | 
       | Basically, DAOs are just a way of trading a well established
       | legal system to settle disputes for one where whoever controls
       | the protocols settles disputes in their favor.
        
         | casi18 wrote:
         | The blockchain always runs under social consensus. It is here
         | for people not machines. Code isnt law, never has been, never
         | will be. Because it would be insane to live in that world.
         | 
         | When bitcoin accidentally overflowed and created 184billion
         | bitcoin, it was forked away a few hours later because that
         | isn't what the majority agreed upon. Same with ethereum, the
         | majority decided something and it becomes the agreed state, as
         | it does with every block. Its strange we still have to explain
         | this 5 years later.
        
       | casi18 wrote:
       | I really enjoyed DaoHaus who make it easy to spin up a moloch dao
       | in a few clicks -> https://app.daohaus.club/summon
       | 
       | and cheap to run on xdai (until rollups arrive then we can move
       | there and get eth security too!)
       | 
       | Also would recommend this article on dao relations too:
       | https://medium.com/primedao/conceptual-models-for-dao2dao-re...
        
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       (page generated 2021-05-04 23:01 UTC)