[HN Gopher] Amazon knew seller data was used to boost company sales
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Amazon knew seller data was used to boost company sales
        
       Author : giuliomagnifico
       Score  : 549 points
       Date   : 2021-05-03 10:28 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.politico.eu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.politico.eu)
        
       | sumedh wrote:
       | Cant Costco, Walmart also do the same thing, why is Amazon being
       | singled out here?
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | Difference is that sellers have options because none of these
         | are monopolies. It's not abusing your size at that scale and
         | thus not antitrust. The same rules don't apply to everyone
         | because not everyone owns an entire market.
        
         | wolfretcrap wrote:
         | They already do.
         | 
         | And anyone selling through any platform where they've all data
         | let it be supermarket chain or e-commerce platform, should
         | understand the risk that their data can be used to compete with
         | them if you realize risk is not worth pay off, prefer selling
         | on own website - it's not hard these days. No I mean, yes it's
         | still hard to get eyeballs on your product but to list in
         | Amazon, you need to pay Amazon tax.
        
         | sct202 wrote:
         | The difference is that Amazon said they don't use third party
         | data to boost their own sales.
         | 
         | In traditional retailers like Costco, if you are a product
         | maker and supply Costco, you don't own any data from the sale
         | of the product--Costco owns that data. In fact, you will have
         | to pay for that data from data brokers (Retail Solutions Inc
         | for example) if you want it.
        
       | murphy1312 wrote:
       | are there no antitrust laws in the US, so that amazon could be
       | split into marketplace, own products and aws? Thats what should
       | have been done long ago and no need to stop at amazon either.
        
       | namdnay wrote:
       | Like every supermarket chain in the world?
        
         | choward wrote:
         | What stores are you going to that have third party sellers? A
         | better analogy is a mall.
        
           | Moeancurly wrote:
           | See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slotting_fee
        
           | namdnay wrote:
           | I guess the best analogy would be a department store with
           | third party stands as well as their own label stuff
        
           | count wrote:
           | Nearly every grocery store in the US has third party sellers.
           | They pay the store for shelf space, provide their own
           | stockers, etc. It's not as different as you'd believe,
           | because you've 'heard' of the brand names doing it.
        
             | tstegart wrote:
             | Yes, especially common in the bread and chip aisles. Third-
             | party stockers come in and replace the inventory. Same with
             | soda.
        
             | poidos wrote:
             | A good example that I see at my local grocery store all the
             | time is Coca-Cola.
        
       | salawat wrote:
       | You can't square access to "aggregate sales data" of inventories
       | that are not yours with having a policy not to use third-party
       | sellers info for personal/internal sales gains. In this case
       | Amazon went from being a decent host and service provider to a
       | malicious, unfair competitor.
       | 
       | Either they divest themselves from being an active participant in
       | their marketplace, or they put out their eyes and sequester
       | Third-Party sales and transaction records into a bin to never get
       | looked at except for reports to third-party sellers themselves.
       | That's about the only way I can see for Amazon to ethically move
       | forward.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | "we have a policy against this, but we violate it all the time"
        
         | ErikVandeWater wrote:
         | Is there a maxim for this?
         | 
         | When a group of people are highly incentivized to do something
         | bad, they'll conspire to do something bad. Don't call me a
         | conspiracy theorist.
        
           | cblconfederate wrote:
           | It's basically Murphy's law
        
           | gdulli wrote:
           | Human nature
        
             | mentos wrote:
             | Utility maximizing entities
        
         | fmajid wrote:
         | "I am shocked, _shocked_ , that gambling is going on in here."
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | 2nd sentence in the article:
         | 
         | >"I can't guarantee you that that policy has never been
         | violated,"
         | 
         | 4th sentence in the article:
         | 
         | >identifying one case in which an employee used the access to
         | improve sales.
         | 
         | So only violated once...
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | That they are telling us about.
        
             | LatteLazy wrote:
             | Not quite. Per a secret audit carried out internally and
             | smuggled out.
        
       | kishinmanglani wrote:
       | Literally every retailer ever does this. From Macy's to Target to
       | Walmart to Shoprite
        
         | libertine wrote:
         | Doesn't make it right though.
         | 
         | Every brand must estimate their competitors market shares,
         | sales volumes, media spend, and actively track promotional
         | activity - while retailers have a massive slice of this
         | information, namely Amazon. Not only that they control their
         | own "shelves".
         | 
         | In my point of view they shouldn't be allowed to compete if
         | they are using competitors data without their consent... and
         | that's the catch, it's Amazon data as well, so the only
         | solution is: either Amazon is a market place or a retailer.
        
       | bsch wrote:
       | I'm a third party seller and I just left Amazon. When you buy a
       | book, for example, are you aware that 40% of the sale goes to
       | Amazon? Many sellers sell cheap items at a steep loss just to
       | keep their sale metrics up. A couple bad reviews, etc. and your
       | business is kicked off with little explanation and cold or no way
       | to appeal. Third party sellers are not treated well and I'm not
       | surprised Amazon steals seller data metrics
        
         | TheCapn wrote:
         | >A couple bad reviews, etc. and your business is kicked off
         | with little explanation
         | 
         | There's got to be a dark underbelly to Amazon going on at the
         | same time. My wife is bored enough that she's taken up a fight
         | with Amazon over some bluetooth earbuds she returned. The
         | earbuds themselves just simply didn't work; they'd do things
         | they're not supposed to and not things they are supposed to so
         | she posted a review saying such.
         | 
         | The seller started contacting my wife trying to bribe her to
         | change her review to 5 stars. My wife updated the review as
         | such saying the seller is trying to coerce her to change her
         | review but she won't budge.
         | 
         | Amazon has now removed my wife's review saying she's
         | "harassing" the seller despite having emails to prove the
         | seller is the one who won't stop contacting her even though
         | she's explicitly requested such. So my wife is battling Amazon
         | asking them to re-instate the review or give her a real reason
         | why it was removed.
         | 
         | It really is to the point where I won't buy from Amazon anymore
         | unless I have no other choice. I don't trust a single thing
         | about their review system. I don't trust a lot of products
         | being unopened/untampered.
        
           | cwkoss wrote:
           | Amazon has structured their reviews to enable unethical
           | behavior by sellers.
           | 
           | Any review which comments on the seller or seller's behavior
           | is removed because the product page is supposed to be a page
           | of seller-agnostic reviews of the product. There is a
           | separate page of reviews for each seller, but it is buried to
           | the point that no-one looks at it.
           | 
           | It makes it leaving reviews about sellers doing unethical
           | things like paying for reviews fruitless: either you put it
           | on the product and it is removed quickly, or you put it on
           | the seller and no one sees it.
        
           | BlueTemplar wrote:
           | Yeah, as another perhaps anecdotal example, I've recently
           | been forced to buy a book from Amazon because I literally
           | couldn't find it anywhere else.
           | 
           | Despite the book being listed as "New", I received a book
           | that was not only pretty old, but also had clearly been
           | stolen from a library, with stamp marks and everything.
           | 
           | I'm not going to leave this alone, contacting the library and
           | exposing this fraud is going to go pretty high on my pile of
           | "to do" things...
        
         | sachdevap wrote:
         | The 40% in a vacuum does not really complete the picture for
         | me. Is it possible to get the same book at a lower price
         | somewhere else? If it were the case why would there not be
         | other retailers undercutting Amazon?
         | 
         | Maybe I am missing some monopoly related issue here, but I
         | would love to know more.
        
       | m1117 wrote:
       | News love making their headlines in a way that people get angry.
        
       | zizee wrote:
       | Does this practice extend beyond retail? Do AWS product managers
       | look at AWS usage data of their customers sass products to decide
       | whether it's worth launching a competing service?
        
         | gsibble wrote:
         | Usually if the answer could be evil, with Amazon it is. I'm
         | sure GCP does the same.
         | 
         | Gotta love how AWS/GCP terminate your https and can read all of
         | your api traffic.......
        
       | gok wrote:
       | Lots of comments here of the format "every store does this."
       | 
       | No, no other store operates this way. Walmart and Costco do not
       | have a little flea market of third party sellers inside their
       | stores who run their own logistics. This would be more like
       | Amazon being both an anchor tenant and owner of a mall, and
       | requiring that every other store within the mall provide all
       | their sales information, then rapidly evicting all the successful
       | stores and replacing them with knock off stores that they also
       | own.
        
         | Black101 wrote:
         | > Walmart and Costco do not have a little flea market of third
         | party sellers inside their stores
         | 
         | walmart.com does
        
           | gok wrote:
           | That is true, I picked a bad example, although Walmart
           | Marketplace is a very high touch service which is expressly
           | targeting sellers that they don't want to cover themselves.
        
         | citrusybread wrote:
         | isn't this effectively how home depot and lowes are run?
         | basically everything is on consignment, and they occasionally
         | spin up private-label versions of tools to sell?
        
       | darksaints wrote:
       | Every single discussion around this revolves around the same
       | facile comparison with retailers, and I'm fucking sick of it, so
       | I'll lay it out in a top level comment one last time.
       | 
       | These are the following ways in which Amazon is not like a
       | (WalMart, Costco, insert retailer of choice):
       | 
       | * Physical retailers do not have access to the same breadth and
       | depth of data that Amazon does. For example, retailers have no
       | reasonable nor accurate methods of determining which advertising
       | methods bring in the most leads. They have no idea how many
       | people look at the product without buying it. They have no idea
       | who puts in their cart and then lets it sit there for days on
       | end. They have no idea who puts an item into their wishlist. They
       | have no idea which people look at it, then come back a week later
       | and buy it. They have no idea how many competing items, let alone
       | which ones, the buyer compared it with before buying. They can't
       | calculate conversion rates, nor satisfaction rates. Maybe if
       | they're lucky, they can track returns down to the purchaser
       | (because they might require a receipt to return), but they likely
       | don't know much about who you are or why you're returning it.
       | 
       | * Retailers can't notice you looked at a product without buying
       | it, then follow you around to your bank, your barber, your job,
       | your home, relentlessly trying to convince you to buy it.
       | 
       | * Retailers can't look at your general preferences across
       | thousands of unrelated products, perform machine learning methods
       | to determine your likelihood of conversion for different brands
       | and products, and then rearrange their shelves specifically for
       | you to optimize visibility of their products for maximum
       | profitability.
       | 
       | * Perhaps most importantly, retailers always have an incentive to
       | sell their inventory. They buy it, they invest labor into
       | presenting it, they pay holding costs to keep it in stock, they
       | relentlessly optimize within difficult physical constraints to
       | provide visibility to its location on the shelves, and they
       | advertise its existence to the public. Amazon has none of these
       | costs or incentives. If they decide to tank the listing of a
       | competing item, they bear no cost in doing so. They are being
       | paid for every single cost incurred, and they're making money off
       | your stuff in FBA even when it doesn't sell. Even pure
       | consignment stores will regularly decline to consign products
       | that they don't think they can sell or don't think they can make
       | enough money on to cover their costs. Amazon has no such
       | incentive.
       | 
       | Does Procter and Gamble hate the fact that Costco can position
       | Kirkland Signature right next to their products? Of course they
       | do...but they still sell their product. The same can't be said
       | for many private sellers of niche products when Amazon launches
       | an Amazon Basics competitor. Their listings get tanked, their
       | recommendations disappear, their sales effectively drop to zero
       | almost overnight, and if they made the bad decision to use FBA,
       | they're stuck paying holding costs and eventually shipback or
       | disposal costs in order to exit the market.
       | 
       | Amazon is uniquely positioned to take advantage of marketplace
       | data in ways that retailers could never feasibly do, and they
       | bear no costs (and may even augment their profits) when they put
       | their merchants out of business. They absolutely need to have
       | their marketplace either shut down or completely separated from
       | their retail space by legally regulated means.
        
       | mk89 wrote:
       | Well, it's something that is slowly backfiring. It's under the
       | eyes of everyone, and not enforcing such policy will only make it
       | even worse for Amazon itself that eventually will end up selling
       | only non-branded products. Finally it will be only another
       | e-commerce like "ebay" used to be, and something else will
       | replace it. Just enjoy the ride until you can.
       | 
       | PS: speaking out of experience, I had one time a talk to a
       | director from an important online shop (top 3 in the country in
       | that specific field) and "this sort of things" was exactly the
       | reason why they chose to use MS Azure instead of AWS. Imagine how
       | deep it can go. And I totally support that.
       | 
       | PPS: I don't understand the downvote. Please, be specific on why
       | you disagree instead of just clicking on random symbols.
        
         | anotha1 wrote:
         | Upvoted, but I disagree that it's backfiring.
         | 
         | Backfiring would imply things are changing or getting worse for
         | them. And I'm certain that we're not at "peak Amazon."
         | 
         | Worse, Americans especially are becoming numb to top down
         | abuses. Not only am I worrying that this is not backfiring, but
         | I'm also worried about the precedent we're setting by being so
         | tolerant to it.
        
           | sharklazer wrote:
           | "Money talks and BS walks"
           | 
           | Consumers may not be fed up with Amazon, but if this is SOP
           | then the sellers WILL leave and a competitor with better SOP
           | will come in.
           | 
           | Getting f'ed in the arse as a consumer is one thing. Getting
           | f'ed in the arse by Jeffy B as a business is another.
           | 
           | It is trust which makes this world go 'round.
        
             | an_opabinia wrote:
             | If sellers want their sales information to be private, they
             | should make a compelling retail experience they control.
             | That is where they obtain real competitive advantage.
             | Changing from Amazon to another online retailer - that
             | retailer will still analyze third party sales data.
             | 
             | It still isn't clear if it matters. You have little
             | perspective or experience on selling easily cloned $10-100
             | items (Amazon Basics) anywhere. Most of the margin is made
             | at the point of manufacturing, by taking $1 overseas labor
             | and selling it for $5. AmazonBasics and the other product
             | are both made by the same labor, the same process, so the
             | economics of what's really going on are still in
             | equilibrium.
             | 
             | But I understand (though not really sympathize with) the
             | aspiring middleman trying to buy that $5 product and sell
             | on Amazon being mad about doing, essentially, product
             | discovery for Amazon. On the other hand nobody is forcing
             | them to be middlemen.
             | 
             | You don't have to launder cheap overseas labor at all. If
             | the EU commission focused on the economics that mattered -
             | the labor arb - the impact will be as large as you're
             | anticipating. It's my opinion that the injustice of the
             | offshore labor system is of far greater importance than
             | some bullshit Amazon versus Some Aspiring EU Tech Company
             | battle.
        
               | BlueTemplar wrote:
               | The issues with Amazon go further than this :
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/08/lawsuit-
               | amazon-s...
               | 
               | IMHO these websites should be disallowed to sell their
               | own brands. (I wouldn't mind if physical retailers
               | wouldn't be allowed to sell their own brands either.)
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Great argument, could be used to rebut anything:
               | 
               | If someone wants their mobile phone data and photos to be
               | private, they should make a compelling mobile os they
               | control.
               | 
               | If someone wants a water supply that is not polluted with
               | toxic runoff they should start their own waterworks, lay
               | their own pipes, and potentially buy their own lake
               | because some pollution is unremovable.
               | 
               | If someone wants not to be discriminated against they
               | should start their own country.
        
         | nova22033 wrote:
         | _chose to use MS Azure instead of AWS_
         | 
         | The article says someone used data from Amazon(the online
         | store), not AWS. You should absolutely use Azure(or GCP) if it
         | makes more economic sense for you but migrating from AWS to
         | Azure because of this may be an overreaction.
        
           | sfifs wrote:
           | It's standard practice for any retailer to not use AWS.
           | 
           | Part of it is why would you want to give any competitive
           | knowledge to Amazon with your data or even metadata assuming
           | you encrypt data with your own keys (eg. # of users derivable
           | from # of distinct home/mobile IP address connections to your
           | servers, # of transactions from connections your servers make
           | to payment processors etc).
           | 
           | The other part of it is why add to Amazon's profit margin
           | when it's well known AWS likely subsidizes retail to a large
           | extent.
        
             | alias_neo wrote:
             | I'm curious what kind of access Amazon would have to your
             | data as a retailer running on AWS.
             | 
             | Not in a technical sense, I'm a software engineer, I
             | understand what data _is_ there, but more to the extent of,
             | do they go out of their way to identify you, an AWS
             | customer as a retail business and use that _retail_ data in
             | ways such as described by the original complaint here?
             | 
             | If the answer is anything other than "they definitely
             | don't", I'm concerned.
        
               | ghusbands wrote:
               | Nobody can know for sure. Whether or not they were
               | secretly mining data from AWS servers, they would say
               | they don't and nobody on the outside would be able to
               | tell. Even if it's unlikely, many people are simply
               | choosing not to risk it.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | This is at the level of a conspiracy theory right now,
               | and one that doesn't even make any sense.
               | 
               | If it were true that Amazon were taking sneaky peeks at
               | data inside AWS related to retailers, and this became
               | public, AWS as a business would be done.
               | 
               | The loud banging you'd be hearing would be the door
               | closing as the last customer exited, followed by all the
               | engineering staff who work on AWS as they see the writing
               | on the wall.
               | 
               | Why would Amazon look to achieve some marginal advantage
               | in its retail businesses at the risk of a total loss to
               | one of its marquee businesses, AWS? It's an idiotic risk.
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | > If it were true... and this became public, AWS as a
               | business would be done.
               | 
               | Why on earth would you think that? They did worse on
               | their storefront, which has a much smaller migration
               | burden than AWS, and while a few big brands made a stink
               | and pulled out, it didn't even noticeably slow growth.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | ... because it's a colossal breach of trust. AWS has an
               | entire staff of people whose job it is to convince
               | clients that they can be trusted to be a safe custodian
               | of data that includes heavily regulated types of data.
               | 
               | Doing this would blow a huge hole in that.
               | 
               | Do you really think banks are going to stay in AWS if
               | this happens? Do you really think Salesforce is going to
               | be OK with it? Do you think they'd ever do any US Govt
               | business again?
        
               | sfifs wrote:
               | > Why would Amazon look to achieve some marginal
               | advantage in its retail businesses at the risk of a total
               | loss to one of its marquee businesses, AWS? It's an
               | idiotic risk.
               | 
               | There's a pretty obvious way to achieve this risk
               | mitigation which is by spinning off AWS into a completely
               | separate company with separate management accountable to
               | a separate board with separately traded shares and not
               | sharing any offices, employees or infrastructure with
               | Amazon retail.
        
               | OldHand2018 wrote:
               | There is no need for a conspiracy theory.
               | 
               | The metadata that is _required_ to produce your monthly
               | AWS bill reveals a ton of information about the success
               | of your business and what is doing very well for you.
               | 
               | Doing analytics on customer billing is something that
               | Amazon has every reason to be doing, and what Amazon does
               | with that information can be anticompetitive or not.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | At a certain level of aggregation, metadata is AWS need-
               | to-know for capacity planning etc or for account execs to
               | understand the needs of their covered clients.
               | 
               | There's definitely room for discussion over when what
               | level of granularity is necessary and whether metadata at
               | different levels of granularity should be shared with
               | product vs. customer facing teams.
               | 
               | That didn't seem to be what the GP comment was about
               | though - 'mining data from AWS servers' sounded to me
               | like a much more invasive approach to client data.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Its always a conpiracy theory untill it happens, and then
               | it becomes obvious all along.
               | 
               | People who predicted the 2008 crash used to get tinfoil
               | hats in the mail.
        
               | BlueTemplar wrote:
               | I don't see how this would be fundamentally different
               | from what Facebook did with WhatsApp data ?
        
               | mdoms wrote:
               | > This is at the level of a conspiracy theory right now,
               | and one that doesn't even make any sense.
               | 
               | It's a conspiracy theory to believe that a company whose
               | policy it is to not access data that is on their own
               | platform, who was caught accessing said data, would
               | violate such a policy?
        
               | shiftpgdn wrote:
               | Yes, of course they do. There was a post on here about a
               | year ago from someone in the "Amazon profitability team"
               | that involved digging through customers AWS instances to
               | see what they could learn or duplicate for Amazon.
        
               | alias_neo wrote:
               | I'm more than a little disturbed by that response, can
               | you back that bold accusation up with some references?
               | 
               | I _need_ to read more about this (about to begin a
               | migration to AWS, not retail though).
        
               | shiftpgdn wrote:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19734261
               | 
               | https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/news/ovh-ceo-unlike-
               | amazo...
               | 
               | https://sellercentral.amazon.com/forums/t/amazon-
               | literally-s...
               | 
               | https://fortune.com/2016/04/20/amazon-copies-merchants/
               | 
               | https://www.theverge.com/tldr/2019/9/19/20874818/amazon-
               | allb...
               | 
               | I can't find the most recent set of posts about peering
               | into customer's AWS instances to research what they could
               | copy but consider that govcloud exists.
        
               | alias_neo wrote:
               | Thank you for the effort of posting those. Unfortunately
               | they don't really indicate any data being taken from AWS
               | specifically, all of the copying behaviour appears to be
               | Amazon storefront copy-cat tactics.
               | 
               | As for govcloud, it exists because regulatory
               | requirements for running things for gov are more strict
               | than your average user/business requires and such cloud
               | offerings require certain levels of hardening and
               | software security and assurances. I happen to work in the
               | space so I understand the need for an alternative
               | offering for government requirements. There's really
               | nothing nefarious going on there and its more about govs
               | not wanting to run alongside regular users. I see nothing
               | concrete I could take to my superiors.
        
               | wrboyce wrote:
               | Am I missing something or do none of these links even
               | mention AWS?
               | 
               | I'm also unsure how the explicit trust from the
               | government ("consider that govcloud exists") is somehow
               | evidence for their untrustworthiness?
        
               | tasssko wrote:
               | Source please?
        
         | ahiknsr wrote:
         | > I had one time a talk to a director from an important online
         | shop (top 3 in the country in that specific field) and "this
         | sort of things" was exactly the reason why they chose to use MS
         | Azure instead of AWS. Imagine how deep it can go
         | 
         | This seems to be very common.
         | https://www.forbes.com/sites/bobevans1/2018/07/18/walmart-ci...
        
           | nova22033 wrote:
           | Amazon is a direct competitor so it makes sense for Walmart
           | to not give them more money via AWS.
        
             | freeone3000 wrote:
             | Everyone in retail is a direct competitor to Amazon. It
             | makes sense for anyone with a physical storefront to avoid
             | AWS.
        
         | marvinblum wrote:
         | I had the same thought a while ago. I remember when Amazon
         | mostly acted as a retailer, and not as a marketplace. Nowadays
         | I don't see why I shouldn't buy on ebay or somewhere else, as
         | the marketplace approach negates what I liked about it:
         | everything from one company, a single parcel, easy refunds. If
         | I receive each item from a different retailer anyways, I don't
         | see why I should feed the beast.
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | AWS and Amazon Retail are two different entities altogether.
         | Even their infrastructure are at least logically siloed and my
         | educated guess is even physically siloed in some places.
         | 
         | AWS is certified to comply with a bunch of cloud/data
         | standards/regulations such as HIPPA, PCI DSS and so on. Even if
         | a single evidence is found that AWS is breaching them the
         | consequences will be severe.
         | 
         | Also for Amazon as a whole it makes very little business sense
         | to lose a AWS customer paying hundreds of millions of dollars a
         | year just to gain some marginal advantage in retail space. Note
         | that Amazon retail already is operating at the limit when it
         | comes to having accurate sales information about its
         | competitors. It has crawlers to scrape online data and employs
         | hundreds of analysts to build multiple models. And it's been on
         | this for close to three decades. So trawling AWS customer data
         | is net negative for Amazon. It doesn't take much for
         | competitors to move away to Azure of GCP.
         | 
         | So it's in AWS's best interest to be absolutely fool proof
         | about not going anywhere near customer data. Dealing with
         | business data is a whole lot different ball game compared to
         | collecting tracking customer data like Google does. Businesses
         | will be unforgiving.
        
           | bopbeepboop wrote:
           | Amazon is a customer of AWS, and leases most of their
           | infrastructure from their subsidiary.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | whoknew1122 wrote:
         | Amazon != AWS. As someone who has access to customer data in
         | AWS, I'm very limited in what information I can access (to the
         | point where it actively makes my job in Premium Support harder
         | than it would be otherwise). I also have to provide a
         | legitimate business reason for access to data.
         | 
         | Not only is there an audit trail for what I do internally, but
         | any calls I make to review customer data is published in the
         | customer's CloudTrail trail. So the customer can audit when
         | their information is accessed.
         | 
         | This report has 0 to do with AWS.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _This report has 0 to do with AWS_
           | 
           | Same company, leadership and culture. If you compete with
           | Amazon, or could compete, it would be pretty stupid to put
           | your jewels on AWS.
        
             | whoknew1122 wrote:
             | Different leadership and largely different culture. Or are
             | you just making assumptions?
             | 
             | Being on AWS works for Netflix, Disney+, and a lot of other
             | streaming services I won't mention. ESPN and Fox Sports
             | both use AWS. A lot of incredibly visible companies that
             | offer cloud storage white-label S3. Tons of game studios
             | use AWS.
             | 
             | A lot of successful companies are pretty stupid I guess.
             | But I'm not going to spend my time trying to refute
             | conspiracy theories about AWS. You do you boo-boo.
        
               | syops wrote:
               | I suggest that your reply would be much better without
               | the last paragraph.
        
               | nvr219 wrote:
               | hmmm, yes.
        
               | Railsify wrote:
               | AWS profits appear in Amazon's annual report, AWS is an
               | Amazon business unit. The CEO of AWS reports to the CEO
               | of Amazon.
        
               | vishnugupta wrote:
               | Interestingly enough Andy Jassy, who is taking over the
               | reins from Bezos, is the CEO of AWS.
        
               | Railsify wrote:
               | I was not aware of that, interesting indeed.
        
             | alex_anglin wrote:
             | On the other hand, it seems to be working out pretty well
             | for Netflix.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | On the other hand Apple competes hard against Samsung, yet
             | relies heavily on Samsung to build a large part of it's
             | competing products.
             | 
             | Although I admit that this might not be as true anymore as
             | it was a few years ago.
        
               | selectodude wrote:
               | Samsung is a much looser conglomerate than Amazon.
               | Furthermore, their fab division is much larger than their
               | handset division. I imagine all parties have weighed the
               | pros and cons.
               | 
               | Apple continues to actively steer away from Samsung,
               | anyway.
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | Probably because Apple has an army of lawyers to protect
               | against any problems.
        
               | philistine wrote:
               | This.
        
           | anotha1 wrote:
           | Given everything mentioned in your comment, I don't see how
           | it implies that amazon can't cast a dragnet at some level
           | you're not aware of.
        
             | ctvo wrote:
             | Let's put it in terms of business. What does Amazon gain
             | reading the data of retailers in AWS that they don't
             | already have? How much more money would this make them?
             | 
             | How much brand damage and lost of business to AWS (their
             | most profitable organization) would they lose if this were
             | to leak? The more prevalent their use of this AWS customer
             | data, the higher the chance it gets leaked.
             | 
             | Why do you think Amazon, one of the most logical and data
             | driven companies, would make such a bad business decision?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | berkeleyjunk wrote:
               | Info about what products sell well? Amazon has a thriving
               | white label business and they can use it to decide what
               | to make.
        
               | ctvo wrote:
               | And we think they need to risk the lost of business of
               | breaking into your data on AWS to get this information?
               | They somehow have no other way to infer this? How much
               | business is this thriving Amazon-made products line? It's
               | a fraction of AWS's profits considering retail's overall
               | profits.
        
               | anotha1 wrote:
               | > They somehow have no other way to infer this?
               | 
               | That's actually the point. So what if they're using
               | "anonymous" or other indirect data? If "Amazon.com" might
               | be benefiting from AWS data of any kind then it needs to
               | be investigated as potentially anti-competitive.
        
               | russh wrote:
               | People have done worse for less. It may not be a
               | significant fraction of Amazon's income but it could be a
               | significant fraction of a sellers income or a significant
               | fraction of sales manager's sales.
        
           | tw04 wrote:
           | It doesn't have 0 to do with AWS. AWS funds the amazon beast
           | they compete against. As a retailer you would have to be
           | absolutely insane to feed money to the Amazon mothership via
           | AWS so they can continue to fund undercutting you in the
           | retail space.
           | 
           | All of that is ignoring the fact that any customer of size
           | WILL be sharing details about their go-to-market with their
           | AWS account team. Just because a random guy in support can't
           | login to their systems doesn't mean their assigned architect
           | doesn't know what their process workflow looks like and
           | didn't help them design it...
        
           | no_wizard wrote:
           | To me the only difference is that AWS biggest client base has
           | the money and expertise to go after Amazon in protracted
           | legal battles while simultaneously scrubbing AWS from their
           | companies.
           | 
           | Most retailers, even big ones, don't have the money or
           | expertise to do this like that. Of the few who do (Apple for
           | instance) Amazon is keen in making sure that those companies
           | are heard and has direct relationships with them, but that's
           | few and far between.
           | 
           | That's my take on this
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | I think there are enough retailers with at least some
             | money, I think this is mostly an issue of business
             | expectations.
             | 
             | If AWS were caught sharing your data, with anyone, for any
             | reason, it would be a gigantic mess of a problem. Forget
             | 'competing with Amazon on Amazon' - we're talking about
             | sensitive data of all kinds in every single line of
             | business. It would destroy them.
             | 
             | Selling on Amazon, and then having sneaky Amazon PM's use
             | your data against you is bad, but the quasi-same thing
             | would exist in other retailers. Best Buy doesn't sell '3rd
             | Party' so obviously all of their sales data is theirs, and
             | I think that the expectations between '3rd Party' and not
             | '3rd Party' Amazon may just be a little bit blurred.
             | 
             | I'm suspicious frankly about the distinction, because
             | Amazon may very well believe that that data is theirs to
             | look at anyhow.
             | 
             | But AWS has to be a different story, if not, it's going to
             | hurt.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | An interesting thing to note is also that AWS sells pre-
               | rolled HIPAA compatible services in a lot of their
               | offerings. If AWS accidentally peaked into one of these
               | services in an unauthorized manner it'd be a huge legal
               | event and, I suspect that part of them working out that
               | their services are HIPAA compliant involved being
               | extremely transparent on how a number of things around
               | those services operate with some department in the
               | government.
               | 
               | Those servers, at least, should be free from any of the
               | snooping concerns folks have.
        
           | mdoms wrote:
           | Ah the AWS employee is here to tell us that AWS employees are
           | good, actually.
        
           | ziml77 wrote:
           | It does though. That money being paid towards AWS will
           | certainly be used to subsidize Amazon's undercutting. A
           | retailer paying for AWS is funding their own demise.
        
         | helsinkiandrew wrote:
         | > "this sort of things" was exactly the reason why they chose
         | to use MS Azure instead of AWS.
         | 
         | Unless I've grossly misread these articles, Amazon were using
         | third-party seller data from sales on the Amazon.* websites.
         | 
         | The data was on their (Amazon.com) sales database (who sold how
         | much of what, for how much). They weren't accessing (hacking)
         | data hosted on AWS (a database hosted for an online shop not
         | related to AWS)
         | 
         | Those two things are very different.
         | 
         | EDIT: To put this into perspective. Any store (online and
         | offline) that has its own branded products, probably looks at
         | sales of the existing non shop branded products and makes an
         | own branded version when it looks like it will be successful
         | ("Panasonic SD cards are selling well, and look like they have
         | good margins so let's bring out our own version"). What Amazon
         | is being accused of is using sales data from 3rd party sellers
         | on Amazon.*
        
           | wongarsu wrote:
           | AWS could easily collect metadata like how your traffic looks
           | over time, where it's coming from etc., and use that to
           | inform Amazon business decisions. That would go a bit further
           | than what's in this article, but it isn't a huge stretch.
        
           | tacker2000 wrote:
           | I dont have the source anymore, but ive heard of precisely
           | this happening: Amazon employees snooping around the AWS
           | setup of some other ecommerce competitors... so yea, its not
           | just limited to the amazon seller account data
        
           | erikpukinskis wrote:
           | That's why they used the words "this sort of thing" and not
           | "this thing".
        
       | downrightmike wrote:
       | They literally covered this in the book the everything store by
       | Brad Stone. This is their game play. This is how they take over
       | categories. Let over people to the sales and testing, then rip
       | them off and undercut them.
        
       | varispeed wrote:
       | Amazon should be split into separate independent companies -
       | logistics, AWS, marketplace and whatever else they do now. We
       | need laws that will limit growth of companies to become too big
       | to fail and have all the money to buy laws, destroy competition
       | and in general do as they please without consequences. It's a
       | loophole in capitalism that has to be closed. Big businesses
       | should follow the same rules as your mom and pops company. If
       | small business often pay over 40% in various taxes, the same
       | level of taxes should apply to big companies. Nice start would be
       | looking into avoidance schemes big companies use and make them
       | pay all they have avoided over the years. Use that money to lower
       | the tax for small business and continue until the playing field
       | is level.
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | > too big to fail
         | 
         | How is Amazon "too big to fail" in your opinion? That phrase "I
         | think they're too large", it means that a business is so
         | central to the functioning on the broader economy and to
         | several other industries that their failure would tank the
         | whole economy. Think Boeing or JP Morgan Chase Bank.
         | 
         | > and have all the money to buy laws,
         | 
         | What exact laws has Amazon bought?
        
           | varispeed wrote:
           | - Well, imagine what would have happened if AWS closed
           | overnight. It would not only affect the economy, but also
           | governments that run their infrastructure on AWS.
           | 
           | - What I meant by that is also the money can ensure that new
           | laws are not introduced, or investigations not carried out.
           | Have you seen reports of Amazon Basics, where they ask
           | sellers to hand over their leads and then months later Amazon
           | introduces pretty much the same product undercutting the
           | seller? I would imagine if that was done by a small company,
           | they would have been closed down. Yet when you are big,
           | anything goes.
        
             | ch4s3 wrote:
             | > Well, imagine what would have happened if AWS closed
             | overnight
             | 
             | What are the circumstances under which the switch is
             | hypothetically turned off at every AWS data center all at
             | once? It just doesn't seem like a realistic scenario. Most
             | ways in which Amazon could fail would involve either a
             | bankruptcy spinning out aws into one or more holdings, or
             | years of decline where people switch off of AWS anyway.
             | Sure, if all of those data centers blew up, then yes it
             | would be catastrophic for a few months.
             | 
             | > What I meant by that is also the money can ensure that
             | new laws are not introduced, or investigations not carried
             | out
             | 
             | I see where you're coming from, but it seem a little thin
             | and unspecific. The Amazon Basics thing seems like a bad
             | example. It's the same model grocery stores, Walmart,
             | Lowes, and department stores have used for decades. And no
             | one ever really complained before. In some cases Amazon is
             | white labeling products from the brands they're now
             | competing with. So those companies still capture a lot of
             | the revenue.
        
           | kdmdmdmmdmd wrote:
           | Too big to fail is when we have explicit admission of fraud
           | inside a company and a bunch of people, who are likely
           | shareholders, are lining up to excuse them and compare them
           | to supermarkets.
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | "too big to fail" means that a business has friends in the
           | legislature and can keep on acting like the local affluent
           | drunk teenager who somehow manages to crash all their parents
           | cars without getting a DUI.
           | 
           | If we have businesses that are "too big to fail" then why
           | bother having a market economy?
        
             | ch4s3 wrote:
             | That's not what people meant in 2008 when the phrase "too
             | big to fail" came into the lexicon. The phrase meant that
             | there was systemic risk. You're moving the goal posts to
             | mean "big companies are behaving badly," which is
             | different.
        
               | swiley wrote:
               | That's certainly how it was sold but I think even then it
               | meant what I said.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | I really didn't though. There was real fear at the time
               | that if auto makers went under it would ripple through
               | their supply chains and gut the economies of numerous
               | states, then leading to a cascading series of state and
               | local budgetary crises. How correct that assessment was
               | is up for debate.
               | 
               | The fear with banking was that the industry had become so
               | consolidated and interleaved that a failure of one mega-
               | bank would bring down the whole financial system and
               | cause a liquidity crisis that would tank any industry
               | that relied on credit for ongoing operations, which is
               | most industries.
               | 
               | None of this was about companies' behavior it was about
               | how they had become so large that their failure would
               | destroy huge segments of the real economy. Arguably
               | though, the bailouts are a form of moral hazard that make
               | more companies too big to fail.
               | 
               | Its commentary on the system.
        
       | jorgenveisdal wrote:
       | I wrote about this a while back: https://medium.com/blue-
       | poles/how-amazon-screws-third-party-...
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | I am constantly amazed by the level of trust that people give to
       | tech companies. how did they earn this
        
         | mschuetz wrote:
         | It's just a lack of viable alternatives.
        
         | pas wrote:
         | A trustless (eco)systems is usually not efficient. So the cost-
         | benefit analysis points to almost-blindly trusting Amazon, reap
         | as much of the benefits as you can. And don't be surprised when
         | it turns out that Amazon abused/exploited your trust.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | xmly wrote:
       | Why Shopify does not do the same thing?
        
         | judge2020 wrote:
         | Shopify.com isn't a marketplace that millions of customers
         | directly visit. They make enough money as-is.
        
       | Gasparila wrote:
       | Thought exercise because I legitimately struggle with this. Is
       | this fundamentally different than Costco using sales data to
       | choose which Kirkland products to launch/sell? If so, how? If
       | not, then why do we not pursue Costco with the same gusto as
       | Amazon? To me this behavior by Amazon seems worse, but I can't
       | figure out why.
        
         | baq wrote:
         | Two helpful questions I don't know answers to, but I'm quite
         | confident that the difference between answers are the crux of
         | the matter:
         | 
         | Who are Costco customers?
         | 
         | Who are Amazon customers?
        
           | jquaint wrote:
           | I think that most Costco customers also use Amazon. I.e. I
           | get my basic bulk items from Costco and my specific items
           | from Amazon. Perhaps this is why amazon is trying to get
           | these customer with "Subscribe and save" which offers
           | discounts for subscriptions on basic items.
           | 
           | Although, I have not seen any real data on this. Just my gut
           | read.
        
         | agogdog wrote:
         | Lots of good points here, but it's also worth mentioning that
         | Amazon accounts for a much larger percentage of overall
         | ecommerce sales (almost 50%). No other online marketplace comes
         | remotely close.
         | 
         | Individual physical retailers own much less of the market...
         | even Walmart is only ~10% or so of retail in the US.
        
         | curryst wrote:
         | Amazon is pushing people towards Fulfilled by Amazon. It makes
         | sense as a marketplace, providing a more consistent experience.
         | However when they compete in that marketplace, it means they're
         | charging you to get data to outcompete you (via FBA fees). It
         | also means that if they do enter that market, they're double
         | dipping. They're taking away your revenue stream for their own
         | profit, while simultaneously increasing what they charge you
         | because it's harder to get your inventory out of Amazon's
         | warehouses via selling it. They can also almost always
         | outcompete you, because they don't have to pay the marketplace
         | fees (they get the service at cost). They can also use the
         | money they make from marketplace fees to undercut you, selling
         | their competing product at a loss (but net zero after you pay
         | your fees) until you get off the marketplace. Amazon also has a
         | perverse incentive to not sell your goods because they don't
         | have to pay for them, so they're totally okay if they can
         | ensure that no one buys your product.
         | 
         | Costco has to buy the goods they sell. If it's on a shelf,
         | Costco wants it to sell. If they don't want something to sell,
         | they stop buying it/carrying it. They can't make any money by
         | buying a competitor's product and letting it sit in a
         | warehouse.
         | 
         | The incentive structure for Amazon is bad for everyone else.
         | Their ideal profit scenario is to have warehouses full of other
         | companies' stuff that never sells, and to sell an Amazon
         | branded alternative to each consumer with demand. Costco's
         | ideal profit scenario is to never buy third party products and
         | only sell Kirkland goods (assuming demand stays the same).
         | Amazon needs to pick one; they're either a marketplace, where
         | their ideal profit scenario is to sell literally anything they
         | have without preference, or they're a retailer and their ideal
         | profit scenario is like Costco.
        
         | notyourwork wrote:
         | Disclaimer: I'm not a legal expert, just an engineer with my
         | own opinions.
         | 
         | I struggle with it as well because conceptually in my mind this
         | is the same as a grocery store using customer buying data to
         | inform itself. Grocery chains have been using private label
         | brands to compete with name brands for years. Check your cereal
         | aisle for the "fruit loops" in the back without a box that are
         | ~50% cheaper than the name brand boxed real fruit loops.
         | 
         | I never saw this as wrong growing up. I saw this as the store
         | offering a cheaper comparable and consumers were able to chose
         | which they want. In fact, the grocery store also controls what
         | is on the end cap and what is on top and bottom of each shelf.
         | 
         | I think the landscape is heavily skewed in favor of the
         | dominant online retail merchant. This skew and dominance is
         | what causes people to claim afoul behavior is going on.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | Difference in quantity has a quality all of its own.
           | 
           | There are kinds of behavours that are acceptable for an
           | individual or a single groceries store, but if a large
           | company adopts it across the country and puts it in the
           | policy, then they are beaking the law.
        
           | dathinab wrote:
           | Grocery stores select which products they want to sell and
           | have limited capacity.
           | 
           | Amazon provides a platform through which "everyone" can sell
           | "anything" with no tightly constrained space/slots.
           | 
           | As far as I know Amazon is legally closer to a market place
           | where everyone is up their own stand (but they are required
           | to look mostly the same) and which happens to also require
           | you to use their payment system.
           | 
           | I.e. Amazon is just a proxy while the grocery store legally
           | buys and resells the products.
        
           | _up wrote:
           | I am not from the US but I think Amazon has much more market
           | dominance than Costco. If Amazon had 20% market share nobody
           | would mind, but they don't have real competition that comes
           | close.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | ls612 wrote:
             | Amazon has less than 20% market share in retail overall.
             | Remember their competitors are not just the online sellers
             | who are pushing this antitrust angle. It's Walmart and
             | Target and grocery chains and CVS and Walgreens and brick
             | and mortar department stores and so on.
        
         | jagged-chisel wrote:
         | Suppose Costco allowed other vendors to be present and selling
         | in their stores. Costco requires these vendors to use Costco's
         | checkout systems. Costco then takes the data gleaned from those
         | sales to determine which products to compete with and then
         | begins aggressively pushing their competing product.
         | 
         | Is this fair to the vendors?
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | This is an interesting thought experiment. Maybe the
           | objection is that Amazon is erroneously considered a neutral
           | marketplace, and not a "store". But practically is there a
           | difference between these arrangements, other than the
           | incidence of who technically is the retailer and who is the
           | wholesaler?
           | 
           | I think the real issue is how people shop online versus in
           | stores. Online, they see a linear feed of individual products
           | and buy whatever is near the top. In a store, they see a
           | variety of displays, and it's almost hard _not_ to comparison
           | shop even a little bit.
           | 
           | It's much, much easier to be "anti-competitive" on a web
           | store than a physical store. Imagine if Costco did what
           | Amazon does, deliberately making Kirkland products easier to
           | find in the store and look more reputable/trusted compared to
           | other brands.
           | 
           | So I don't think the problem is that this particular move by
           | Amazon is any more anti-competitive than anything a normal
           | store with store brand would do. The problem is that Amazon
           | already engages in _other_ anti-competitive activity, so
           | pretty much anything they do related to their own store brand
           | is distasteful.
        
           | dathinab wrote:
           | No in that case Costco would likely get into legal problems.
           | 
           | Actually there had been legal cases with unfair market
           | practices in grocery stores between different competing
           | products sold there. I think there is currently a ongoing
           | case with Oreo.
        
         | chii wrote:
         | > To me this behavior by Amazon seems worse
         | 
         | only seems worse because amazon is so big, and so monopolistic,
         | that a lot of people hold them to different standards.
         | 
         | It's the same idea that people expect a rich person to pay more
         | taxes, or contribute more philothropically.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | I know man, this idea that people in power have more
           | responsebility that a random homeless person, socialism!
        
           | notyourwork wrote:
           | I'd rephrase this:
           | 
           | "only seems worse because amazon is so big, and so
           | monopolistic"
           | 
           | as:
           | 
           | "only seems worse because amazon is so big, and so dominant"
           | 
           | I don't think monopolistic is a fair adjective because it has
           | an implied legal connotation. Is Amazon a monopoly or just
           | the largest e-commerce retailer today?
        
             | selectodude wrote:
             | Monopoly isn't the best term either, there's definitely
             | other companies that are vertically integrated and are
             | single-sources. What they don't do (or try to avoid?) is
             | leveraging their position to unfairly complete with other
             | companies.
             | 
             | Amazon launching new product lines and boosting them to the
             | top of the search results is almost textbook leveraging.
             | Having information showing they used their internal data to
             | find which products to market is basically icing on the
             | cake.
             | 
             | Google has already been dinged for this with their Google
             | Apps boosterism on their search results. I can't imagine
             | this goes any differently from that.
        
             | BlueTemplar wrote:
             | Monopoly does NOT mean being the only seller. According to
             | US law, having 50% of the market can be enough.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > According do US law, having 50% of the market can be
               | enough.
               | 
               | Having _much less_ than 50% of a descriptive market can
               | be enough, if, e.g., you have pricing power, which
               | demonstrates that irrespective of what other players may
               | be described as being in the same market, they are not
               | actually competing with you.
        
               | notyourwork wrote:
               | I DIDN'T claim Amazon is or isn't one.
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | > It's the same idea that people expect a rich person to pay
           | more taxes, or contribute more philothropically.
           | 
           | This has to do with diminishing marginal utility of wealth
           | and nothing to do with holding different people to different
           | standards.
        
         | rtsil wrote:
         | I'm not familiar with Costco. Do their sellers operate their
         | own stores inside Costco's premises?
        
           | jquaint wrote:
           | I don't think they do. It's similar to a grocery store that
           | sells other companies products. Costco is different in that
           | they sell products wholesale/bulk.
        
         | jquaint wrote:
         | I think its a matter of scale. Say Costco makes a Kirkland
         | brand cereal, there are other stores that you can buy cereal at
         | and there is competition. For a lot people, all online shopping
         | comes from Amazon. Amazon uses this position to their advantage
         | in many ways (high quality customer data, branding, etc.). This
         | actually disincentives people from making compelling products
         | because of the risk that Amazon will just steal the product.
        
         | Tiktaalik wrote:
         | I recall hearing on a radio show a while ago about this topic a
         | lawyer noting that a difference in these cases is that a
         | retailer "takes a risk" in order to get the data, that is that
         | they open up their storefront to this supplier, allocate space
         | for them, and pay the supplier. The only way they learn that
         | the supplier's product could be a success is by selling the
         | suppliers product.
         | 
         | In contrast Amazon takes on zero risk. It snoops on the data of
         | transactions, and then launches competing products.
        
         | michael1999 wrote:
         | Costco is a retailer. Amazon claims to be a neutral 3rd party
         | when providing marketplace services to 3rd party sellers.
         | Especially when trying to disclaim product liability. They
         | tried to have it both ways, and now they'll get neither, and
         | deserve it completely.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jitendrac wrote:
         | Costco launching/selling products with own sales data is one
         | thing.
         | 
         | To make it clear, Here you should consider Amazon.com different
         | entity than Amazon Seller Account. Now would you sell on
         | amazon.com if amazon.com leaks your data to "amazon seller
         | account" owner to boost his sales of a similar product, which
         | you sell.
         | 
         | Moral thing is, Amazon seller division who deals with product
         | directly sold by Amazon, should never have access to the data
         | of other sellers.Fullstop.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | nnain wrote:
         | You need to consider whether there's a difference between
         | physical mail and Email (esp. Gmail)? And whether Google's
         | business model is monopolistic because its 'software' over the
         | internet.
        
         | zachware wrote:
         | This is a good point. I don't think Amazon's practices are
         | structurally different than those historically of Walmart or
         | Costco.
         | 
         | Each captured sales data and built private label alternatives
         | to key brands on a regular basis. Small differentiator in the
         | case of Costco is that they have a practice (though not a
         | policy) of offering the leading vendor the opportunity to
         | produce the private label before doing it themselves. But
         | that's a small detail.
         | 
         | Besides the fact that headlines about this get traction, there
         | is a differentiator with Amazon in that they actively market
         | themselves as a marketplace for small businesses in the way
         | we've come to view Shopify. Costco and Walmart were always very
         | clearly retailers...they buy stuff and sell stuff at a margin.
         | 
         | So while I think a lot of the blowup about this is overdone,
         | there is a legitimate argument about the difference between how
         | Amazon markets itself and what it does. But, frankly, for
         | anyone with any level of experience with retailers or, frankly,
         | tech platforms, this kind of capture behavior should be
         | expected.
        
         | Y-bar wrote:
         | I used to stuff shelves at a grocery chain ~20 years ago and
         | one difference seldom mentioned is that grocery chains bought
         | from the manufacturers. That meant that we as a grocery chain
         | were responsible for the sale to consumer, we were not merely a
         | marketplace for a bunch of different brands.
         | 
         | So, even if we had our own competing labels for some products,
         | the manufacturers would never be left in the cold with unsold
         | stock (if for example we chose to drop one brand or run a
         | promotion for our own).
        
           | zachware wrote:
           | This is generally not how grocery operates today.
           | 
           | Most large grocers:                 - Sell shelf location
           | slots to the highest bidder.       - Include a consignment
           | clause in their vendor agreements requiring vendors to take
           | back spoiled, customer-damaged, and unsold inventory at X
           | point or on-demand.       - Require merchandisers to keep
           | inventory in-stock for as many products as they can get
           | vendors to manage (e.g. the coke delivery person is in-store
           | several days a week.)
           | 
           | All of this is especially true for shelf stable products and
           | beverages.
           | 
           | The modern grocery store is effectively managed like a flea
           | market and is allowed to do so because the chains have so
           | much leverage.
           | 
           | So while we can take issue with Amazon's practices, we have
           | to remember that most of large-scale retail operates in ways
           | that if written about to the level of Amazon, we'd also be
           | griping about.
        
             | Y-bar wrote:
             | Are you maybe describing US practices? Some of these
             | practices has been prohibited for a decade in EU and it was
             | recently broadened to include agricultural and perishable
             | products: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-
             | content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELE...
        
               | zachware wrote:
               | Yes, US.
               | 
               | Possibly related is that EU grocery margins are amongst
               | the lowest in the world.
        
             | gamblor956 wrote:
             | What you have described is false. The major brands do not
             | "sell shelf location slots" to the highest bidder (aka
             | slotting fees), or require consigment clauses, or require
             | merchandisers to keep inventory in-stock, as a general
             | practice.
             | 
             | Slotting fees and consignment clauses only apply to new
             | products. Slotting fees are used as an alternative to
             | consignment; they are basically a discount on the wholesale
             | price paid by the store for new products that may not sell
             | through. Alternatively, the store may sell the items on
             | consignment, in which case it only pays the distributor for
             | products actually sold through.
             | 
             | Merchandisers...are employees of the stores (they're
             | responsible for internal marketing efforts)...Perhaps you
             | meant distributor? Only a few store chains have an in-stock
             | requirement (Walmart and Costco), and that is due solely to
             | the volume at which they sell-through.
             | 
             | More importantly, and the crucial legal distinction: retail
             | stores pay the distributors for the inventory on their
             | shelves, except for the 1% offered on consignment (i.e.,
             | new products sold on a trial basis), while Amazon _gets
             | paid by_ the distributors. That legal distinction is at the
             | heart of why what Amazon does is problematic.
             | 
             | (Source: Kroger was a former client.)
        
         | carlps wrote:
         | I'm not intimately familiar with either side, but I see it as:
         | - Costco buys x amount of product at y price from seller and
         | then sells it in its store. - Amazon provides a platform for
         | sellers to sell with a cut going back to Amazon.
         | 
         | There is a fundamental difference between being a retailer and
         | providing a retail platform.
         | 
         | All Costco would really have access to is how much they've
         | bought and how that has performed for them. Meanwhile Amazon is
         | providing a platform for companies with a policy that they will
         | only use their data to help them, which is what is allegedly
         | not happening.
        
           | PoignardAzur wrote:
           | _> I 'm not intimately familiar with either side, but I see
           | it as: - Costco buys x amount of product at y price from
           | seller and then sells it in its store. - Amazon provides a
           | platform for sellers to sell with a cut going back to
           | Amazon._
           | 
           | This isn't really how it works. Retailers very often have
           | arrangements to defer payments until after the product is
           | sold.
           | 
           | In fact, in France, retail margins are so thin that
           | supermarket chains reportedly make most of their profit by
           | selling the inventory, investing the money in short-term
           | funds, then paying the suppliers one month later and keeping
           | the interest.
        
             | hnburnsy wrote:
             | With short term interest rates in the negative in France, I
             | wonder what their business model is now...
             | 
             | https://data.oecd.org/interest/short-term-interest-
             | rates.htm
        
         | jasallen wrote:
         | The difference is between retailer and marketplace. Both Amazon
         | and Costco are retailers, and both could use that knowledge to
         | decide what products to self-source for better retail margins.
         | Either way, still a retailer, but maybe also a manufacturer /
         | wholesaler.
         | 
         | But Amazon is also a marketplace. In that role it acts as a
         | "rentable retail space". Using the data of the retailers in
         | your marketplace to decide what to make/wholesale and then
         | retail is another layer.
         | 
         | You could easily argue that it reduces to the same thing. But
         | societally we've excepted that the retailer is a full layer in
         | the system and gets full access to the data flowing through it.
         | The marketplace itself is historically more of a fee-for-use
         | type of thing, so its not an ingrained concept for us.
        
           | chaostheory wrote:
           | > But Amazon is also a marketplace. In that role it acts as a
           | "rentable retail space".
           | 
           | Most brick and mortar retailers also sell space to
           | manufacturers. Product positioning in the store and even on
           | the shelves isnt solely due to UX
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | > But Amazon is also a marketplace
           | 
           | Meanwhile, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24174276
           | 
           | "Amazon Liable for Defective Third-Party Products Rules CA
           | Appellate Court"
           | 
           | It seems both regulators _and_ Amazon want whether or not it
           | 's a marketplace to go both ways whenever it's convenient.
        
             | mdoms wrote:
             | There's nothing definitional about "marketplace" that says
             | you don't have to bear responsibility for what is bought
             | and sold on your marketplace.
        
             | cowpig wrote:
             | In an ideal world regulators want to define Amazon as
             | whatever best fits with the public's best interest (as
             | opposed to what is convenient)
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | IncRnd wrote:
             | You're misreading the ruling. The ruling is for state law
             | not federal and says the following, "The Appellate Court
             | didn't agree with Amazon's stance. It noted that the
             | product had been listed on Amazon, was stored in an Amazon
             | warehouse, had payment facilitated by Amazon, and shipped
             | it out in Amazon packaging, proving it to have a hand in
             | getting it to Bolger and thus liable under California law."
             | So, this stance will change depending on the product and
             | what law is being alleged to have been broken.
        
           | Manuel_D wrote:
           | I'm still not understanding the distinction here. Costco and
           | Amazon both sell company-brand products, alongside non-
           | company products. Costco and Amazon collect and analyze sales
           | data from the sale of both company and non-company products.
        
             | Closi wrote:
             | > Costco and Amazon collect and analyze sales data from the
             | sale of both company and non-company products.
             | 
             | It's similar, although personally I think the relationship
             | between the companies is meaningfully different:
             | 
             | Costco purchases product from manufacturers, and may choose
             | to source product from other manufacturers (including under
             | its own brand name). It uses it's _own_ sales data to make
             | this decision.
             | 
             | Amazon acts as a marketplace for other businesses to list
             | and sell their own products. These businesses are online
             | retailers which use the Amazon platform, and pay Amazon
             | fees for this service. Amazon is then using _other
             | retailers_ sales data in order to inform it 's own
             | business.
             | 
             | The difference is with Costco it is _their own_ sales data,
             | while in Amazon it is the sales data of _other retailers_.
             | It would be an issue if Walmart had access to Costco 's
             | sales data and not visa-versa (this would provide Walmart
             | with an unfair competitive advantage). Similarly other
             | smaller online retailers do not get access to Amazon's
             | sales data, but Amazon get's access to the other retailers
             | sales data who use their platform, and will then use this
             | to compete with them.
        
               | hirako2000 wrote:
               | Amen.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | Despite this I don't see how the case is that Amazon is
               | being anti competitive while Costco isn't - just because
               | they purchase and resell inventory doesn't mean Costco
               | (or Walmart or Sams Club etc) doesn't hold the same power
               | over their product suppliers that Amazon does to do data
               | science on their sales to determine what new products to
               | make in-house.
               | 
               | Plus, walmart is now a marketplace as well. This
               | overpriced GPU is 'Sold & shipped by Monoprice Inc'. It's
               | only a matter of time before Walmart commits the same
               | anticompetitive acts as Amazon using Marketplace data.
               | https://www.walmart.com/ip/Zotac-NVIDIA-GeForce-
               | RTX-3080-Gra...
        
               | fredophile wrote:
               | Analyzing their own sales and analyzing other people's
               | sales on their platform are two different things. Saying
               | that Walmart may also try to do this in the future does
               | not make it right or excusable.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | How is it different? The same outcomes and potential
               | power abuse happens in both situations.
        
               | hansoolo wrote:
               | I really think you don't get the point of how Amazon
               | marketplace works
        
             | foerbert wrote:
             | I think the difference they are getting at is something
             | akin to this.
             | 
             | In one situation you run a stall and buy products from
             | people to sell at that stall. At some point you use what
             | you've learned doing this to sell your own product.
             | 
             | In the other, you don't buy anything from anybody. Instead,
             | you rent out a stall for other people to sell things from.
             | You then watch the stall and use that information to open
             | your own stall.
             | 
             | The first case seems pretty normal to most people, I think.
             | The person you were buying from originally doesn't
             | inherently get some kind of assurance that you will always
             | buy from them in the future. There's no difference to the
             | seller if you buy from somebody else, don't sell any of
             | that product, or make your own. We just don't expect that
             | buying goods from somebody inherently adds any other kind
             | of obligation. It's two equal parties making an exchange,
             | and nothing more.
             | 
             | The second case, however, I think is not so clear cut. All
             | of the sudden you have a lasting relationship between two
             | unequal parties. These are the sorts of situations where
             | you tend to find more implicit or inherent obligations on
             | the participants. It's no longer the guy you sold that
             | thing to not buying from you again, it's your landlord
             | competing with you.
             | 
             | I'm not trying to pick a side here, so much as I am trying
             | to explain why people might not see the two situations as
             | identical. And of course there are plenty of real-world
             | complications too.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | NegativeLatency wrote:
             | When Costco sells a product they've already bought it (a
             | retailer) on the other hand when Amazon sells something
             | they're just acting as a middle party for the item in most
             | cases.
        
               | mrandish wrote:
               | That's often not the case. Retailers like Costco,
               | Walmart, Best Buy etc have a wide variety of different
               | selling arrangements. I've sold products through all
               | three and often did so on terms that gave them full right
               | of return for any unsold product as well as significantly
               | delayed payment.
               | 
               | This combination basically nets out to be financially the
               | same as pure consignment. They won't pay me for my
               | product until well _after_ it has sold-thru to an end
               | user. Everything that 's unsold comes back to me (and
               | they bill me for shipping both ways!) In the meantime,
               | all I have is basically an "IOU" promise to someday pay
               | IF it eventually sells (and they always drag out the
               | payment beyond the already-extended due date).
               | 
               | Also, if I want to be featured in their circular I have
               | to "buy" that just like an ad in a magazine except the
               | retailer will (usually) DFI (deduct from invoice) the
               | "ad" cost, which means they just owe me less (if and when
               | the product sells and they actually pay). The same is
               | true for getting my product displayed on an end cap or
               | with in-store signage.
               | 
               | The big retailers bring in new products to "test" all the
               | time and do so at basically no financial risk to
               | themselves (other than the opportunity cost of the shelf
               | space) while capturing all the sales data.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | >(and they always drag out the payment beyond the
               | already-extended due date)
               | 
               | That's pretty much their business model isn't it? Make
               | money on investing for the days between product sold and
               | payment.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | You can only make a little money on that because interest
               | rates are near zero, and investments with non-zero
               | returns carry risk.
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | I'm not sure how Costco works specifically, but that's
               | not the case in all retail. At GameStop, game publishers
               | only got paid when their games sold not when they were
               | put on the shelves. If there are 100 disk cases put on
               | the shelves for Call of Battlefield and none of them
               | sold, eventually GameStop would return them and the
               | publisher got nothing.
        
               | hammock wrote:
               | >When Costco sells a product they've already bought it (a
               | retailer)
               | 
               | In practice that's not the case at all. Many if not most
               | retailers require suppliers to buy back unsold inventory
        
             | eropple wrote:
             | Amazon sells products _and facilitates others ' sales_.
             | 
             | If Amazon carried the entirety of their inventory
             | themselves like Costco or like Walmart used to be (before
             | the expansion of their own online marketplace), it would be
             | a distinctly different situation.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | That doesn't sound aligned with the California case
               | yesterday?
        
             | FactolSarin wrote:
             | All of Amazon's "we're not actually a monopoly" and "we're
             | not responsible for defective products" arguments are based
             | on this. They claim they are very much NOT a Costco or
             | Walmart.
        
             | cgriswald wrote:
             | You have the wrong mental model. Amazon isn't Costco.
             | Amazon is a shopping mall that has access to its tenants'
             | sales information and also owns an anchor store in the same
             | mall.
             | 
             | Costco can determine that Best Brand shoes sell in its
             | stores and decide to source shoes themselves and stop
             | carrying Best Brand.
             | 
             | Amazon can determine that the Footlocker in their mall is
             | making a killing selling Best Brand shoes and either sell
             | Best Brand shoes in their anchor store or source their own
             | shoes, all at a price that Footlocker can't match. They can
             | also advertise those shoes throughout their mall and change
             | the layout so customers have to walk past their cheaper
             | shoes to get to the Footlocker.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | Maybe Costco is different, but at a lot of stores the
               | line is blurrier. You might be able to get your product
               | on store shelves, but if you want good placement, you
               | basically have to rent that shelf space.
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | This explanation doesn't explain the difference to me at
               | all. Costco can see that vodka sells well, so they can
               | make Kirkland brand vodka. They control the layout of the
               | store, so they can change the layout so people see
               | Kirkland brand first when they get to the liquor section.
               | They know the pricing of other vodkas and which ones sell
               | well, so they can source Kirkland vodka at an ideal price
               | point.
               | 
               | None of what you've described about Amazon differentiates
               | it from Costco at all.
        
               | raisedbyninjas wrote:
               | When Costco sells Kirkland brand vodka and Grey Goose,
               | all bottles of Grey Goose are sold the same way. Costco
               | purchases directly or from a distributor. Grey Goose may
               | or may not pay for shelf space, IDK. Purchasing premium
               | shelf space is a common practice for other retailers and
               | grocers. When Grey Goose is sold on Amazon, either Amazon
               | buys it and re-sells it or Grey Goose sells it through a
               | marketplace account incurring Amazon's marketplace fees.
               | So Amazon can always have two listings for one product, a
               | marketplace listing and an Amazon listing. Their Amazon
               | listing can always be cheaper.
        
               | mattmcknight wrote:
               | They don't have two listings though. They list the prices
               | of all sellers in one item, with the lowest price as the
               | default.
        
               | 411111111111111 wrote:
               | I think the only difference is that Amazon is a digital
               | marketplace, so they can and do let their users pioneer
               | what gets sold.
               | 
               | Space is at a premium with a physical location, so the
               | likelihood of an actual store exploiting that is
               | extremely unlikely
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | Unlikely? I literally just described an example of Costco
               | doing this right now with vodka. That's not a
               | hypothetical - Kirkland brand vodka is a real thing.
               | 
               | Your logic is backwards - when space is at a premium,
               | making the most profit off each item in that space is
               | critical. It makes more sense for Costco to do this than
               | it does for Amazon, not less.
        
               | fredophile wrote:
               | Store brand products are not new and not the issue. Let's
               | pretend that Costco didn't currently sell vodka at all.
               | If Costco wants to know if they should start selling
               | vodka or bottling their own vodka and selling that they
               | don't have access to the sales data from the liquor store
               | next door to Costco. Amazon is letting other businesses
               | take the risks and using sales data from those businesses
               | to outcompete them.
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | But Costco does sell Vodka and wouldn't have made that
               | product if Vodka sold 10% of what it actually sells.
               | Because Amazon sells literally everything, is it a crime
               | to do what Costco does, just on a bigger scale?
               | 
               | The only end-goal that would actually solve the problem
               | fairly is if companies couldn't sell first-party products
               | (or products from a partner where they have a vested
               | interest in) in their store. If you just take care of the
               | one company, you end up with other companies doing the
               | same thing in 20 years like how iOS still has a default
               | music player when MS got burnt for that with having a
               | default browser.
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | This is not about making a home brand. Amazon can
               | literally look at the sells data of e.g. some seller
               | which sells Nike Air Jordans (as a stupid example) and go
               | and source those themselves and offer them (the exact
               | same brand) cheaper than the seller, because they have
               | all the sales data. Now how would Cosco do this?
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | Costco also looks at sales data for competing products
               | (within Costco) and chooses to make house brands of those
               | products.
               | 
               | It's not like Amazon sees sales data from someone's
               | shopify site if people choose to sell on both brand.com
               | and amazon.com.
        
               | fredophile wrote:
               | I feel like people in this thread are being deliberately
               | obtuse. The issue isn't about selling vodka. It isn't
               | about selling store brand alternatives to brand name
               | products. The issue is where Amazon is getting their data
               | from when decided what products to sell and what store
               | brand products to make.
               | 
               | When Costco decides to make a store brand alternative
               | they are using sales data for things they have sold in
               | their store. Amazon is using data for things other people
               | have sold. Amazon is not doing what Costco does.
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | That's the right way to look at it, missing just one
               | crucial detail.
               | 
               | Costco _pays_ for the items that appear on its shelves
               | (excepting the  <1% of goods that are on a consignment
               | basis, usually new trial products). The distributor of
               | the store brand and the name brand have already been paid
               | for the products (and are usually the same company).
               | 
               | Amazon _gets paid_ by the distributors (aka third party
               | sellers) on Amazon.com for handling their sales (even in
               | instances where it is not handling fulfillment), while
               | _also_ competing against them. That is where the
               | anticompetitive concerns arise.
               | 
               | If Amazon just sold stuff through the Amazon.com seller,
               | and didn't have third-party sellers, (or if it operated a
               | _separate website_ for third party sellers) that would be
               | fine.
        
               | Nasrudith wrote:
               | Don't most large brick and mortar retailers maintain
               | refund for unsold goods agreements in addition to
               | defects? Generally only exercised if they are complete
               | failures.
               | 
               | Effectively the difference in practice is a matter of
               | financing and grain of operation - older retail would
               | gain more and give no extra to upfront sales of say
               | toliet paper after a demand spike raised prices while
               | Amazon would give them a per sale percentage cut.
               | 
               | At what point does own involvement in consignment sales
               | models become not fine? If it works at 1% consignment. Is
               | it 25%? 50%? 75%? 90%? Or more likely it doesn't exist
               | because the whole concept is a fabrication that pays no
               | attention to real law and operates in the court of public
               | opinion to push their bullshit which wouldn't even need a
               | defendant motion before winding up dismissed by a judge
               | because they cannot point to any real laws?
        
               | codemac wrote:
               | It's simple, Costco actually buys the inventory, and
               | resells it. There are more advanced kinds of agreements
               | (like buy back X number of coats of you sell less than Y)
               | but that's largely how they operate.
               | 
               | Amazon is much more like a digital mall in that they rent
               | out their store features for sellers.
               | 
               | However, Amazon would like to be seen by the customer as
               | Costco and this causes dissonance between how they treat
               | sellers, and how they treat customers.
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | Okay, you've described the business models, but so what?
               | 
               | In both cases, they still use the sales data available to
               | them to create and sell their own products at the expense
               | of third party sellers. In Amazon's case, that means
               | diverting customers away from third party listings to
               | their own. In Costco's case, that means making fewer
               | purchases from third party sellers because the amount of
               | shelf space available decreases as Costco puts more of
               | its own products out.
               | 
               | The type of sales relationship that they have with third
               | party sellers doesn't change the fact that both are using
               | sales data to create and sell their own products at the
               | expense of those third parties.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | >"Okay, you've described the business models, but so
               | what?"
               | 
               | That the defining feature mate!
               | 
               | Getting paid an extra to provide premium service to a
               | customer is normal in some areas, but it's a crime of you
               | hold public office.
        
               | hirako2000 wrote:
               | S/he may argue that public officials manage to do it too,
               | despite its illegality, hence it's Okay for Amazon to do
               | so. For some, whatever Amazon does is okay, there will
               | always be some other cases happening elsewhere that in
               | some twisted ways are the same. I think most people are
               | only ever consumers, and can't escape their subjectivity
               | on this matter. They get theit toys delivered within a
               | couple of days, the invoice says free delivery, they want
               | things to remain that way so what ever Amazon is doing is
               | okay (for them, for now)
        
               | cwyers wrote:
               | In the Costco model, Costco pays up front for the vodka
               | and incurs all the risk if the vodka doesn't sell. In the
               | Amazon model, Amazon charges third-party sellers "rent"
               | to be on the platform in the form of a cut of all
               | transactions, but the third-party sellers still incur all
               | risk for inventory that doesn't sell. And then Amazon
               | turns around and uses the sales data from the third-party
               | sellers to undercut them later on.
        
               | megaman821 wrote:
               | I am not sure about Costco, but Best Buy does not
               | purchase all the items it sells. For some items it only
               | remits a payment to the manufacturer after the item has
               | sold. Should they not get to see the sales data?
        
               | nkrisc wrote:
               | > relationship that they have with third party sellers
               | 
               | There are no third party sellers at Costco, it's only
               | Costco.
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | Costco buys products from third party sellers. That is a
               | relationship with third party sellers.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | colejohnson66 wrote:
               | Not always true. Usually, Costco/Target/Walmart/etc. pay
               | for it before it sells, but it's not always like that.
               | "Vendor" products like Frito Lay, Bimbo, etc. are
               | _sometimes_ given the ability to just put product on the
               | floor at no cost to the retailer. When it sells, the
               | retailer will send money to the vendor.
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | Consignment sales represent less than 1% of retail sales
               | at these stores, and generally only are required for new
               | products that the retailer will not purchase in bulk
               | before the distributor proves market demand.
               | 
               | Generally, for the sales you have described, the
               | consignment sales are paired with marketing efforts by
               | the distributor to demonstrate customer interest. If the
               | test succeeds, the store will purchase future lots from
               | the distributor. If the test does not, the product
               | disappears from the shelves and the distributor stops
               | selling it.
        
               | dec0dedab0de wrote:
               | _In both cases, they still use the sales data available
               | to them to create and sell their own products at the
               | expense of third party sellers._
               | 
               | Costco doesn't have any third party sellers. Costco is
               | the only seller.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | Yes, but the terms of the relationship make Amazon's
               | behavior anti-competitive. Costco isn't going to various
               | brands and asking them to sell at Costco, they buy
               | inventory and resell it at a profit. Amazon has convinced
               | a large portion of the retail market to feudalize
               | themselves on Amazon's platform, then they are using the
               | data accrued to take over the markets of their current
               | and former tenants.
        
             | LanceH wrote:
             | Costco buys products and resells them. Costco's research
             | numbers are paid for entirely by Costco.
             | 
             | Amazon rents space to merchants where those items are sold
             | through the site for a fee. Amazon is never on the hook for
             | a sale and is basically getting paid to do the market
             | research to set up as a competitor.
             | 
             | Yes, Costco does do some referral sales but I can't think
             | of anything which has gone on to be a Kirkland product.
        
             | elzbardico wrote:
             | Costco buys the products it sells. Then it decides how and
             | for how much they will be sold. Their product, paid for.
             | That's the difference
        
           | tlogan wrote:
           | Majority of big retails also rent majority of their shelves
           | to vendors. This is called consignment contract.
           | 
           | So no big difference...
        
           | legutierr wrote:
           | This explanation makes the most sense to me, but there is
           | something that you are leaving out. Not only is Amazon a
           | marketplace, but it is THE marketplace. Amazon has an
           | effective monopoly on small-seller logistics and marketplace
           | services in the United States (and many other places), soup-
           | to-nuts.
           | 
           | If you are anything other than a massive corporation, any
           | manufacturer that chooses not to sell through Amazon and
           | utilize all or most of its services (marketplace listing,
           | payments, warehousing, delivery) will be at a massive cost
           | disadvantage and will not be able to compete with other
           | sellers that do choose to participate with Amazon.
           | 
           | And more significantly, perhaps, if you don't sell through
           | Amazon's marketplace, you are often unable to compete with
           | Amazon itself.
        
             | awillen wrote:
             | This just isn't really true. It depends on what type of
             | product you're selling, but there are a huge number of
             | independent ecommerce stores that do extremely well.
             | 
             | I sell dog treat mix (coopersdogtreats.com) - I do much
             | better both in terms of margins and overall sales on my own
             | website (with traffic coming primarily via paid FB ads)
             | than on Amazon.
             | 
             | That's not even including other huge marketplaces like
             | walmart.com, Chewy, Etsy, etc.
             | 
             | Amazon doesn't have a monopoly on small-seller logistics -
             | I'm about to move all of my logistics over to a 3PL, and
             | there are plenty that will cost-effectively work with
             | startups (ShipBob, Shipmonk, etc. - just Google "ecommerce
             | 3PL" and you'll see what I mean).
             | 
             | How much Amazon plays into your business obviously depends
             | on the category, but the idea that it's impossible to
             | compete in ecommerce unless you're on Amazon is an easily
             | disproven myth.
        
               | legutierr wrote:
               | I'm happy to read what you are saying, and stand
               | corrected.
               | 
               | I wonder, though. Do you think your experience is
               | typical?
               | 
               | Am I wrong to think that your product is more niche and
               | premium than the most products that are sold via the
               | Amazon marketplace? Do you think that you might get more
               | repeat business than most products sold on Amazon?
               | 
               | It's been a while since I've looked into pricing for FB
               | ads, but my sense is that a product with more narrow
               | margins and less potential for repeat business could find
               | it difficult to attract customers via advertising without
               | increasing prices beyond what could be found on Amazon
               | for competing products.
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | I think Amazon's too big and broad to describe any
               | experience as typical, but there are certainly
               | differences in the type of business.
               | 
               | You are 100% right that my products are niche and
               | premium, and that definitely makes a difference. But on
               | the other hand, if you're a startup selling a commodity
               | product, you're in a bad position for a whole lot of
               | reasons other than Amazon.
               | 
               | From an advertising standpoint, you're right - I have the
               | advantage of selling a product that has a high repeat
               | rate, and that's helpful. On the other hand, my AOV is
               | fairly low and my margins are okay but not extraordinary.
               | 
               | I think that the points you're raising here are what
               | matter - not Amazon. If you're in a business that is one
               | of: high AOV, high margin, subscription/frequent repeat
               | customers then you're okay. If you're in a low margin,
               | commodity business and you aren't operating at a huge
               | scale, you're not in a great spot.
               | 
               | Ultimately, I think the actual value added by Amazon for
               | startups is trust - I know that if I order from them,
               | your product will arrive on time, and if there's an issue
               | it'll get fixed ASAP. All of the other stuff, like two-
               | day shipping and customer-friendly return policies, is
               | doable off of Amazon. Even trust is achievable in other
               | ways, though - my company was featured in an Associated
               | Press article that was broadly syndicated, and when I
               | slapped "AS SEEN ON USA TODAY, FOX, KTLA AND MORE" on the
               | top of every product page and the top of my FB ads, it
               | made a huge difference immediately.
               | 
               | And actually now that I've typed that I'll add one more
               | thing in Amazon's favor - ease of use. If you don't know
               | a lot about ecommerce, it's pretty easy to get set up and
               | ship them product. It's also easy to advertise, simply
               | because their advertising is much, much simpler than
               | Facebook. There's no copy and limited ability to use
               | creative outside of your product images, so you don't
               | have to constantly test stuff. While my sales on Amazon
               | aren't high margin, they're also extremely low effort.
        
               | rossjudson wrote:
               | I'm curious about how you would compare Amazon vs your
               | own site. Things like Amazon's buyer-friendly return
               | policy comes to mind...which clearly come at a cost for
               | sellers (and buyers, fairly directly).
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | I have a very small number of returns on Amazon, since my
               | product can't be used and then returned.
               | 
               | Amazon isn't terrible, but it has two big problems for
               | me. First, margins are lower because I'm not only paying
               | them a cut of every sale, I'm also paying for Amazon
               | advertising. Second, I don't have a relationship with the
               | buyer, which is the real killer. I do really well with
               | repeat sales via email, and those are where the real
               | margin is since I'm not paying to acquire those users
               | again. On my site, I can afford to break even (or even
               | lose a little money) on the first sale, where I must make
               | money on each sale on Amazon.
               | 
               | I will say the one big difference between my product and
               | many on Amazon is that it's not something that you seek
               | out - very few people are searching for "dog treat mix"
               | on Amazon (or Google/Bing/etc.). Amazon does have some
               | types of advertising that work well for targeting other
               | luxury dog goods, but my volume is going to be limited
               | there. Facebook advertising works better for me, because
               | I can target people by demographics and explain the
               | product in an ad.
               | 
               | To that point, it may be important to be on Amazon if
               | you're in a commodity business. On the other hand, it
               | sucks to be in a commodity business for so many other
               | reasons that I hardly think it's reasonable to pin the
               | blame on Amazon for the difficulties there.
               | 
               | The one thing I will say about Amazon vs. Shopify that
               | surprised me is that Amazon's support tends to be quite
               | competent (at least if you call them - you get nothing
               | but canned responses via email), while Shopify's is just
               | terrible. They can help with basic issues using the
               | software, but when it comes to real problems, like bugs
               | in reporting (or more recently in my case, a bug where
               | they undercharged a customer), they just say they'll get
               | back to you and never do unless you are incredibly
               | aggressive about hounding them.
        
               | mountainb wrote:
               | What people kind of miss is that outside of FBA it's the
               | actual logistics companies that are handling the
               | logistics for all merchant fulfilled Amazon sales. The
               | normal logistics companies are also handling a ton of the
               | work involved with getting goods to FBA. There are lots
               | of 3PL solutions that can deliver FBA style performance
               | at a lower cost to the seller. There are other advantages
               | to not using Amazon as a seller or just using Amazon as
               | one additional channel among multiple ones.
        
               | dv_dt wrote:
               | I've seen at least one other comment saying this, and not
               | that I don't believe you, but can you name several
               | companies that do that and come within say 150% of
               | Amazon? Last time I really dug into this was years ago
               | and nothing was really close then, maybe it's better now?
               | 
               | My other question to comments : > What are the Amazon
               | level logistics and delivery service that is available to
               | a smaller retailer? I see some nascent choices but they
               | really aren't that close.
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | I've priced out several and all are within 150%. Shipbob
               | is the closest at 10-20% more expensive than FBA, but
               | depending on your product it may actually be more cost
               | effective. I need them to pick and pack several items,
               | since I sell my stuff individually as well as in kits
               | (boxes of multiple items, which are vastly more popular
               | than people buying individual items), and they include
               | most of the cost of building out those kits in their
               | shipping fees.
        
             | jtsiskin wrote:
             | I think Shopify's massive success means this likely isn't
             | this extreme
        
           | Nasrudith wrote:
           | That sounds awfully like the Platform vs Publisher
           | distinction "logic".
        
           | lsaferite wrote:
           | So how do you factor in the recent ruling in California?
           | 
           | > An appeals court in California has ruled that Amazon can be
           | held liable for products sold through its marketplace by a
           | third-party seller
           | 
           | That seems to obviate the distinction of 'marketplace
           | facilitator' vs. 'retailer' for them. That makes them much
           | more like Costco with a special relationship with vendors to
           | set up vendor-specific sections in their store.
           | 
           | Personally, I've always detested the 3rd-party market in
           | Amazon and wouldn't mind seeing it go away.
        
             | hirako2000 wrote:
             | Amazon doesn't see it that way, their optimised their
             | business as an ad platform + logistic solution. Higher
             | margins there than bothering acting as sellers with risky
             | margins.
        
             | hirako2000 wrote:
             | Amazon doesn't see it that way, their optimised their
             | business as an ad platform + logistic solution. Higher
             | margins there than bothering acting as sellers with lower
             | and not even guaranteed margins.
        
         | gamblor956 wrote:
         | The distinction comes down to the legal differences in how they
         | operate their sales operations:
         | 
         | Costco is legally a "reseller" that _purchases_ items from
         | manufacturers /distributors (at wholesale prices) and "resells"
         | them to customers. (Note: only a tiny fraction (<1%) of
         | Costco's inventory is sold on a consignment basis, meaning that
         | the manufacturer/distributor only gets paid for units actually
         | sold on. This arrangement generally only applies to some new
         | products being sold on a trial basis.)
         | 
         | Amazon is _also_ a reseller of items sold through the
         | Amazon.com seller...but _not_ for items  "sold" by third-party
         | merchants. The distinction is that for Amazon.com seller sales,
         | Amazon has _legally purchased_ the inventory sold, even if the
         | payment terms may more closely resemble consignment
         | transactions than wholesale transactions.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | munificent wrote:
         | This is a good question. It rests on an implicit assumption
         | that we think Amazon's behavior is anti-consumer ("bad") and
         | Costco's is not ("good").
         | 
         | But perhaps one way to resolve this dissonance is to consider
         | that Costco's behavior is anti-competitive too. They are a
         | beloved brand, but that doesn't mean our emotional attachment
         | to Kirkland products is an accurate reality-based moral stance.
        
         | xmly wrote:
         | It is like Microsoft learns your business through your emails
         | and starts the undercutting. Does it sound more serious?
         | 
         | AmazonMarketplace is a software vendor and data should belong
         | to sellers only.
        
         | poidos wrote:
         | I'm not sure if it's fundamentally different, but maybe you're
         | just (like I am) more inclined to perceive Amazon as a "bad"
         | company. Costco has a lot of goodwill with the public.
        
         | MengerSponge wrote:
         | Imagine if a Costco sales rep offered to swap something in your
         | cart with the Kirkland clone, or if they suggested the Kirkland
         | product as you reached to grab something else off the shelf.
        
           | notyourwork wrote:
           | Are businesses in the business of increasing efficiencies
           | (more revenue, more profit, lower costs) or are they in the
           | business of doing what is in the best interest of consumers
           | or both?
           | 
           | I don't think your example really holds weight. I goto Costco
           | because they offer products I want at a price I like. If
           | during shopping they were trying to give suggestions to
           | better deals I'm not sure as a consumer I get to complain
           | about it do I?
        
           | cptskippy wrote:
           | I've never had amazon offer to swap anything from my cart.
        
           | tylerrobinson wrote:
           | Aren't traditional grocery stores doing the same thing but
           | using price, sales, positioning, name, and label imitation?
           | When I reach for Quaker Oatmeal Squares, and Wholesome
           | Oatmeal Squares Cereal is right next to it, for cheaper, also
           | in a blue box?
        
             | dathinab wrote:
             | And they have gotten into lethal trouble because of it, I
             | think there is a ongoing case against Oreo because they
             | abused their market power to affect in shelf positioning in
             | a way which likely counts as unfair/illegal abuse of marked
             | power.
             | 
             | Most important grocery stores and similar are resellers,
             | Amazon is a proxy.
             | 
             | Sure that pretend they sell you things but actually you
             | just buy things through them, not from them. (Except their
             | own products.)
        
             | nerdponx wrote:
             | It's a lot easier to comparison shop. Also you can trust
             | that the Quaker on the shelf is real name-brand Quaker. So
             | you can look at the store brand prices, packaging, etc. and
             | make a reasonably informed and quick decision.
             | 
             | I wouldn't be surprised if Amazon lets the fraud and
             | ratings scams go somewhat unchecked so as to make their own
             | house brand look "safe" and desirable.
        
           | krumpet wrote:
           | Take a quick trip the Costco website and you'll see they use
           | the same recommendation tactics. Looking at a bag of Peet's
           | brand coffee, I see Kirkland Signature brand coffee sitting
           | in the "Similar Product". Just saying...
        
       | bogwog wrote:
       | Isn't it sad that all our tech giants are guilty of anti-
       | competitive behavior? You know, things that are supposedly
       | illegal and should have been stopped by government regulators
       | long ago?
       | 
       | It makes me wonder if these American businesses are really so
       | different from the likes of Tencent, Huawei, etc and their ties
       | to the Chinese government. Everyone knows those companies are
       | only as big as they are because of government support. Can you
       | really say that isn't the case with Google, Apple, Microsoft,
       | Amazon, Facebook, etc?
        
         | droopyEyelids wrote:
         | I think the difference is that FAANG's regulatory capture isn't
         | an explicit part of how our government works, it's implicit.
        
         | president wrote:
         | They are getting there. Don't forget censorship and silencing
         | unfavorable political speech.
        
       | ecommerceguy wrote:
       | We also use Amazon data to find/develop products to sell. I
       | assume all sellers do.
        
       | spaceribs wrote:
       | Amazon should be nationalized.
       | 
       | All these 3rd party companies want is a "farmers market", a stall
       | to sell their wares. Give them the municipal software
       | infrastructure they need to do so and maintain it as a public
       | good.
        
         | whalesalad wrote:
         | Every time a business gets this successful someone will
         | inevitably come out of the woodwork and say "the government now
         | needs to own this, there is no other option" - wat?
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Stallman said it too:
         | 
         | https://stallman.org/amazon.html
         | 
         | > We should not allow a company to have a share over around 10%
         | of any market. If in a certain field a single dominant company
         | is beneficial for society, that means it is a natural monopoly,
         | and should be served by a regulated utility.
        
           | rualca wrote:
           | > We should not allow a company to have a share over around
           | 10% of any market.
           | 
           | If a company was already at said 10% limit and you wanted to
           | buy something out of them because to you their offer is by
           | far so much better than any of the alternatives, in your
           | opinion what should happen?
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | If they are offering, you buy it. Regulation would affect
             | their legal ability and/or willingness (depending on the
             | style of regulation) to make the offer.
             | 
             | For instance, a regulation addressing this could involve a
             | tax on gross receipts (not profits) in a defined market
             | segment that was 0% at up to 8% share, and 50%x(10 - share
             | in %) above that point.
        
             | batty_alex wrote:
             | It's not a math equation you run through a computer and get
             | a legal result out the other end. Congress (or whatever)
             | could use this measurement as a tool to drive
             | investigations so you can stomp out anti-competitive
             | behavior before it becomes a problem
        
               | rualca wrote:
               | > It's not a math equation you run through a computer and
               | get a legal result out the other end.
               | 
               | Not really. This has zero to do with math. At all. We
               | have a buyer and we have a seller, both the buyer and the
               | seller wish to perform a transaction, but then we have a
               | regulator which arbitrarily wants to force them not to
               | execute said transaction because of reasons.
               | 
               | And my question is terribly simple: to those who want to
               | force someone like me from buying what I like from a
               | seller I chose but they arbitrarily reject, how exactly
               | do they wish to force me from buying what I'd like from
               | who I chose to buy from?
               | 
               | No math, no numbers. I'm asking a very simple question:
               | what then?
        
               | diab0lic wrote:
               | > No math, no numbers. I'm asking a very simple question:
               | what then?
               | 
               | The comment you replied to answered your question. The
               | transaction goes through, absolutely no additional
               | regulation or control comes into play at the transaction
               | level.
               | 
               | NOTE: I am not supporting this position, or opposing it.
               | I'm just stating what the gp post said.
        
               | rualca wrote:
               | > The comment you replied to answered your question.
               | 
               | It really didn't, instead it weaseled out by putting up a
               | strawman that pretends to put a loophole in a straight-
               | forward and very clear way.
               | 
               | In fact, it's blatantly clear by itself the fact that no
               | one proposed a single idea or suggestion about how to
               | enforce that mysterious 10%. No explanation was given on
               | the impact on customers, and how the sellers would be
               | forced to not go beyond that 10%. Why is that? Is the
               | idea undefendable?
        
             | boomboomsubban wrote:
             | There should be an investigation into why they can make a
             | far better offer than their competition. Most answers are
             | likely exploitative in some way.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | > Most answers are likely exploitative in some way
               | 
               | On what basis are you making a claim like that? Toyota
               | sells roughly as may vehicles in the US a Ford and more
               | than the other manufacturers. Their cars are in many ways
               | better than their competitors qualitatively and often
               | cheaper. Do you think they are exploiting people?
               | 
               | I could keep listing examples of market leaders that
               | offer better products that are more aligned with consumer
               | preferences, but I'm not sure that's going to convince
               | you.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | >Do you think they are exploiting people?
               | 
               | Yes, part of how they achieved this was by violating
               | emissions standards for a decade, something that they've
               | been fined for. I'd be willing to wager they engage in
               | similar practices too.
               | 
               | >I could keep listing examples of market leaders that
               | offer better products that are more aligned with consumer
               | preferences,
               | 
               | Their existence alone won't convince me. You need to
               | answer why the competition is unable to produce similar
               | products at similar prices.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | > violating emissions standards for a decade
               | 
               | This began well after they entered the market and upset
               | the dominance of established players.
               | 
               | > You need to answer why the competition is unable to
               | produce similar products at similar prices.
               | 
               | The same way some people are better at given task. Many
               | older firms are complacent, and operating on an
               | understanding of the market as it existed in the past.
               | Technology, consumer preferences, commodity prices, and
               | other market conditions are constantly changing. If you
               | see something you competitors don't you can offer better
               | cheaper services. The bigger your competitors are, the
               | slower they are to change course.
               | 
               | At bottom, firms are made up of people who are uniquely
               | skilled and qualified. Better people in better systems
               | will perform better. It can be dead simple sometimes.
               | Firms with happier employees are often more productive.
               | 
               | If you don't understand the basics of competitive
               | advantage, then of course you think companies can only
               | gain an edge by doing something immoral. But this is
               | ultimately sophomoric economic thinking.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | >This began well after they entered the market and upset
               | the dominance of established players.
               | 
               | I still find it unlikely that it is an isolated incident,
               | but that decade is also when they started to pass the
               | mentioned 10%.
               | 
               | >But this is ultimately sophomoric economic thinking.
               | 
               | Your attempt to explain why the competition may be unable
               | to compete is "they're just better." Beyond that, you
               | just say smaller is better, which is the point of my
               | argument.
        
               | TchoBeer wrote:
               | I think what OP means is that amazon is using all the
               | data they have from their storefront to beat everyone in
               | the market, which does seem unfair to me.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | I get that, but it doesn't seem any different from any
               | national retailer that sells store brand products along
               | side competitors. I'm not even sure how unique this data
               | is. Every corporation in America has access to relatively
               | detailed data about their competitors' sales. There's a
               | time delay, but know what's selling well is really a
               | small part of executing on go to market strategies.
        
               | passivate wrote:
               | What does that mean - Investigation of what? By whom? and
               | on what basis/framework? Can you propose something
               | workable?
               | 
               | In any case, there are many reasons a company can offer a
               | better deal - they have invested money and developed a
               | new product/service that the competition cannot simply
               | copy or negotiated a better deal with a supplier, or
               | they're simply a better managed company, or about a
               | million other things businesses can do to gain leverage
               | over competition.
               | 
               | Also, like a closely fought game - the advantage could
               | just be temporary. These things are very fluid.
        
             | alfonsodev wrote:
             | The price would regulate itself by offer/demand balance and
             | you would still be able to buy it if you can afford it.
             | 
             | With no limits, they can actually create artificial lower
             | prices that competition can't match, and they become
             | exponentially more powerful and dominating.
             | 
             | And sometimes you end up as a customer having less options
             | and lower quality.
        
               | rualca wrote:
               | > The price would regulate itself by offer/demand balance
               | and you would still be able to buy it if you can afford
               | it.
               | 
               | No, not really. I shopped around. I picked the best for
               | me. I want to buy from that company but it is already at
               | your 10% limit.
               | 
               | What then? Can I actually buy what I want?
        
               | alfonsodev wrote:
               | if a company is maxing their sells, don't you think they
               | will raise the price?, and play at a 9%, so there will be
               | always room for new buyers willing to pay the price.
               | 
               | And honestly is hard to debate because it's an vaguely
               | defined hypothetical, I guess we are talking about
               | situations where the state limits how much you can
               | produce. I think is already happening if you think about
               | Spanish Olive Oil for example, EU limits how much
               | countries can produce, so the price goes up, still
               | everyone that can pay for it can buy it, but at a price
               | that represents the scarcity of it, otherwise you can
               | choose other origin of same product.
               | 
               | I'm really not an expert in these topics, but that's my
               | mental model of it, and I'm not even defend it as I'm not
               | sure it is the optimal, specially the EU way about
               | vegetable production.
        
               | rualca wrote:
               | > a company is maxing their sells, don't you think they
               | will raise the price?
               | 
               | I said nothing about price. It is irrelevant. I shopped
               | for a product and that particular company had exactly
               | what I want, and they offer it in a way that makes it the
               | absolute best option for my preference. The choice was
               | made. The company wants to sell the product, I want to
               | buy that product from them, but they hit 10% market
               | share. What then? Am I free to buy what I want from who I
               | want to buy it from?
        
               | alfonsodev wrote:
               | This can happen already to you when products go out of
               | stock, because the company doesn't have enough capacity
               | to produce, or they underestimate the demand, but after
               | the company makes profit and reinvest in the next batch,
               | they can adjust the price to balance the demand.
               | 
               | It's not like you are already free to buy whatever you
               | want, there are production limitations, and your budget
               | limitation.
               | 
               | Right now big companies are allowed to give 100x better
               | solutions at fraction of the cost, that makes imposible
               | to other companies to compete and your freedom to buy is
               | just not real, as many times you'll be obligated to buy
               | from the big fish, being the only alternative. In the
               | other hand limiting them, they will have to raise the
               | prices and then it would make sense that something 100x
               | more convenient is also more expensive. Right now we have
               | convenience and low cost, but it's at the expense of
               | killing smaller business and creating virtual monopolies.
        
               | rualca wrote:
               | > This can happen already to you when products go out of
               | stock (...)
               | 
               | No, it can't. Your case involves a scenario where no
               | transaction is possible because there is no product to
               | buy or sell. It has zero to do with my very simple and
               | very straight-forward example of a customer wanting to
               | buy a product indeed sold and available and on the store
               | of a seller who already reached its 10% market share.
               | 
               | My example is very clear, and for some reason all
               | proponents of this virtuous 10% market share are either
               | unable or unwilling to step up and either think their
               | idea through or explain how they expect to implement
               | their virtuous idea.
               | 
               | And this is a very simple and straight-forward example: a
               | seller has a product I want to buy, I shopped around and
               | that seller has the absolute best offer, I want to buy
               | the product from that seller, the seller has the product
               | on the counter and I have the cash at hand, but the
               | seller already hit the 10% market share. What then? Is
               | the next step so mysterious that no one can even come
               | close to dare explain what they believe should happen?
        
               | alfonsodev wrote:
               | You keep asking the same, What then? which leads me to
               | think we are parting from very different scenarios.
               | 
               | Perhaps the difference comes from you thinking in a limit
               | that applies as per number of products sold, and you
               | could find yourself on that situation of "what then?" the
               | product being on the shelve but you are unable to buy it.
               | 
               | I'm thinking in a scenario where the limit is on the
               | production, similar to what I mention before, the EU
               | controlling vegetable productions.
               | 
               | So you don't get to find the product on the shelve if
               | it's already gone but you'll find some other brand, the
               | ones that are better will be more scarce and more pricy
               | as a consequence.
               | 
               | Now, do I want as a consumer that the best things are
               | also cheap and available?, yes! of course!
               | 
               | But the question is, is that sustainable? and what
               | happens to the market when we have this huge player that
               | outcompete everyone else, and dictate the rules, and they
               | are in a position to set the quality standards, long term
               | we might be free to buy just from them under their own
               | rules. Is that freedom?
               | 
               | I'm really not familiar with those proponents of the 10%
               | market, I was just talking from my common sense, I don't
               | think is crazy to put some limits, and we already have
               | some in some industries, for better or worse.
               | 
               | I'm dropping it here, but thanks for sharing your point
               | of view, I'll read you if you reply, always learning and
               | open to change my opinion.
               | 
               | Cheers!
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Price dumping is already illegal.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | Explain Uber then :^)
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | either that or the market is a really small specialized
           | market.
           | 
           | on edit: to forestall anyone suggesting I think Amazon has a
           | small market, no, just the Stallman quote doesn't take into
           | account that monopoly can arise in a relatively small market
           | that people would not consider worth nationalizing.
        
             | flavius29663 wrote:
             | true, as I remember from last year's crises, there is only
             | one wood mill in the world that does a very specific kind
             | of pulp used by 3M to make those notorious masks. I
             | wouldn't nationalize that.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | RMS is right about many things but not this one. Competition
           | naturally leads to few companies capturing a market over a
           | long period of time. What's however important is to prevent
           | actively regulatory capture of said markets.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | It's a _lack_ of competition that leads to market
             | consolidation.
             | 
             | This is a compounding problem as companies that grow big
             | enough can just buy then out or predatory price them out -
             | like, say, Amazon and diapers.com.
             | 
             | In the end the only way to take down mono/oligopolies out
             | is to take them out from a direction they're not expecting
             | and that can take 100 years.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | That's going to be impossible if alienating one or two
             | companies can ruin your career in the industry. And that's
             | aside from the fact that regulators will mostly be
             | recruited from those couple of companies, looking for jobs
             | with those companies when they leave, and starting
             | consulting firms and lobbying firms that will be
             | contracting with those couple of companies. Those companies
             | will also have Congress's ear when regulation is discussed
             | because they are donating so much. _They are the experts._
        
               | BlueTemplar wrote:
               | Well, obviously, if you have a corrupt government and
               | corrupt experts, you won't be able to achieve much... why
               | was this downvoted ?
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | beforeolives wrote:
           | I don't think that Stallman agreeing adds as much credibility
           | to the idea as you might think.
        
             | jedimastert wrote:
             | As much I dislike Stallman's outreach "strategies" and
             | general public efforts, I'll freely admit he's been right a
             | LOT. The problem is that no one will listen to him because
             | he's an ass about it. I imagine he thinks himself a modern
             | day Cassandra...
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Even if he is right a lot (not a point I'm conceding by
               | any stretch), why pick such an asinine thing as "11%
               | market share means we should treat this market as a
               | regulated utility?" It's an extremely fringe belief,
               | which is saying something given the source.
        
             | alfonsodev wrote:
             | I think Stallman has been having a relevant point here[1],
             | worth to mention, a philosophical one if you will, which is
             | the question: should technology keep progressing as fast as
             | possible because is convenient no matter what's price ?
             | 
             | That's the background discussion where I think Stallman has
             | a point, I heard this from him years ago regarding Facebook
             | and privacy, and that was before all the scandals.
             | 
             | [1] Facebook is surveillance monster feeding on our
             | personal data - Richard Stallman
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9c3sv30w158
        
         | jpxw wrote:
         | For one, large government software projects are almost always
         | disastrous, even in developed countries.
         | 
         | Secondly, that isn't what sellers want. Many sellers use Amazon
         | to fulfill their orders. Amazon is far more than just a "market
         | stall".
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | "even in developed countries."
           | 
           | I find that UK and USA governments are worse at IT than
           | Russia and Czech Republic. Maybe it's age of the lawmakers,
           | or over-reliance on old sustem, I dont know
        
           | rualca wrote:
           | > Secondly, that isn't what sellers want. Many sellers use
           | Amazon to fulfill their orders. Amazon is far more than just
           | a "market stall".
           | 
           | This.
           | 
           | Amazon is basically a huge logistics network. Their business
           | is not selling you products, whether from their own generic
           | brands, from high-end Veblen goods companies like Apple or
           | from cheap chinese dropship artists. Their business is to
           | process payment, and get that package delivered to your front
           | door. To Amazon, their products is just a way to generate
           | output through their logistics network.
        
             | spaceribs wrote:
             | Based on the article, the verticality of their business
             | seems to indicate they are not merely in logistics...
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > For one, large government software projects are almost
           | always disastrous, even in developed countries.
           | 
           | The same tends to be true for large _corporate_ software
           | projects.
           | 
           | As a fairly recent example: https://www.theregister.com/2019/
           | 04/23/hertz_accenture_lawsu...
        
             | fighterpilot wrote:
             | Right, but there's a self-correction here, which is that
             | Accenture gets fired if they do a bad job. The govt has a
             | monopoly and so there's little self-correction - too many
             | layers of indirection between the everyday voter and
             | Amazon's outcome.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Governments get fired fairly regularly.
        
               | fighterpilot wrote:
               | Through multiple layers of indirection and obfuscation. A
               | democratic vote every 4 years is noisy when it pertains
               | to one specific outcome (say, Amazon's performance right
               | now) since that vote also contains information for
               | numerous unrelated things. Private ownership means a very
               | tight feedback loop between performance and governance.
               | 
               | It's basically why collective ownership of complicated
               | things has never worked. Except for perhaps the army,
               | which costs an absolute fortune.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | >"It's basically why collective ownership of complicated
               | things has never worked"
               | 
               | Except also the roads, railroads, airports, ports, oil
               | pipelines, nuclear weapons and reactors, GPS and weather
               | satellites, chunks of the energy grid, NASA, a national
               | postal service, social security numbers, and so on
        
               | fighterpilot wrote:
               | > NASA
               | 
               | Which proves my point. Look at the innovation that SpaceX
               | has created with VTOL rockets. If it was left purely up
               | to nationalized bodies this would have _never_ happened
               | (or maybe, it would have taken 50-100 years). The
               | incentives and desire for economic efficiency just simply
               | aren 't there. Government wants flashy one-off wins that
               | generate publicity and votes, if it wastes a few billion
               | and doesn't scale there isn't any consternation. The
               | entire mindset top to bottom is completely inconsistent
               | with VTOL rockets.
               | 
               | > roads, railroads, airports, ports, GPS,
               | 
               | The argument for these being nationalized is that these
               | are goods that are prone to natural monopoly and some of
               | those are largely non-excludable in the case of roads.
               | 
               | None of those arguments apply to Amazon. eBay is a
               | substitute for marketplace, Azure is a substitute for
               | AWS, etc.
               | 
               | These are also much simpler than Amazon. Could a
               | government have created AWS? Could a government create an
               | iPhone? It's a rhetorical question because all know that
               | the answer is no. Even if they _could_ in terms of
               | capability, they won 't because the incentives aren't
               | right. And if they tried, they'd do it incredibly
               | inefficiently and be outcompeted in am embarrassing
               | fashion by a private alternative (e.g. eBay), with the
               | difference being subsidized by the taxpayer.
               | 
               | > nuclear weapons
               | 
               | In the case of nukes, the argument is that the government
               | has a monopoly on force (which is also why the army
               | should be nationalized).
               | 
               | And I already conceded that the army was well-run,
               | although at a ridiculous level of cost (which is another
               | byproduct of nationalization).
               | 
               | > weather satellites
               | 
               | Built by a private company.
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | >The same tends to be true for large corporate software
             | projects.
             | 
             | Yes, but it's not true for Amazon, the topic of
             | conversation.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Isn't the topic of conversation that Amazon's
               | _successful_ software projects have had potentially
               | _disastrous_ side-effects?
        
         | n0us wrote:
         | It would be really interesting to see the USPS in the USA open
         | a market like this
        
         | swiley wrote:
         | No. As it is I can still go to other sellers if I want to, if
         | Amazon were nationalized then you might not have any other
         | choice.
        
         | niyikiza wrote:
         | Whenever someone suggests that something be nationalized, I ask
         | myself "Why not create a public version of it?". If the answer
         | is "it cannot compete with the private ones", maybe that's why
         | running it privately is necessary.
        
           | josefx wrote:
           | Just look at how well this works out for every town trying to
           | set up its own broadband when Comcast and others fail to
           | invest. Lawsuits raining down for every possible reason,
           | shared public resources blocked for months, misinformation
           | campaigns to convince people that public broadband is a waste
           | of their money and anyone involved in it should be kicked
           | from their office.
           | 
           | Its like competing in a five hundred meter sprint if the
           | winner of the last twenty races had a shotgun. His time
           | sucks, but he doesn't need to actually run as long as nobody
           | else makes it to the finishing line.
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | I agree but there's one practical problem with this: other
         | markets (e.g. the EU) need to nationalize or reproduce it too
         | or else the US is getting significant geopolitical leverage.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | If the US nationalized Amazon, I think you can be pretty sure
           | that other countries would also nationalize their local
           | Amazon divisions (ie. Amazon FR would become property of the
           | french government)
        
             | Nasrudith wrote:
             | Why would they repeat the US's mistakes immediately after
             | watching it blow up on the US? People have agency and the
             | response to a sudden theft by the government for being too
             | successful would be to get the hell out of there as the US
             | is no longer stable. The other subsidiaries wouldn't
             | surrender ownership to a distant bandit government just
             | like all of the other times it happened.
             | 
             | Everybody but communists know that Nationalization is a
             | goddamned terrible idea doomed to failure - you can see it
             | by not being in their political platforms at all. Only
             | those with dogmas to consider the action a goal in itself
             | advocate for it.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | Amazon doesn't need to be nationalized, it does need to be
         | broken up though. The dividing lines in the organization are so
         | clear you could practically tap it with a hammer and it will
         | fall apart into nice individual pieces.
        
         | mk89 wrote:
         | I disagree. There are more and more services providing
         | logistics, delivery, payments, etc. And they are quite
         | reliable. Just 2 years ago I was entirely relying on Amazon as
         | a good ecommerce. As of 2020/2021, to be honest, there is
         | nearly no difference with some individual retailers (which
         | don't use a 3rd party platform to sell their goods like Amazon
         | or Ebay). Lots of websites have improved, logistics, delivery,
         | customer service, payments, ..etc etc. They key, in my opinion,
         | was the logistics + delivery. That's what Amazon was
         | exceptionally good at. Now that the infrastructure is nearly
         | the same for everyone, why would you share your profits with
         | Amazon and risk to be out of the business in 1-2 years?
        
           | dv_dt wrote:
           | What are the Amazon level logistics and delivery service that
           | is available to a smaller retailer? I see some nascent
           | choices but they really aren't that close.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | jonnycomputer wrote:
         | Or broken up. Its AWS and its online retail are each
         | sufficiently large enough to be anti-competitive on their own.
        
         | mellavora wrote:
         | We have that in Luxembourg. Problem is finding the site. You
         | have to know it is there.
        
         | Black101 wrote:
         | should they also nationalize their cloud services?
        
           | nielsbot wrote:
           | sure
        
             | Black101 wrote:
             | any data backing that claim?
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | An apt comparison - most of the farmers' markets around here
         | have been ruined by resellers, too.
         | 
         | No, those Driscoll strawberries in March didn't come from
         | upstate New York farms.
        
           | Loughla wrote:
           | Seriously, though. Between reselling and 'owner/operator
           | businesses' (read: pyramid schemes selling oils, scents,
           | candles, and makeup), the local farmer's market is just an
           | absolute train wreck anymore.
           | 
           | Local farmers who used to sell at the farmer's market have
           | moved to subscription boxes, from what I can tell.
        
         | FridayoLeary wrote:
         | >Give them the municipal software infrastructure they need to
         | do so and maintain it as a public good.
         | 
         | oof. Amazons actual website is frankly horrible, but i shudder
         | to think how terrible it would be if it was run by the
         | government. I'm cringing at the thought. There would just be an
         | endless stream of news about gross mismanagement, incompetence,
         | wasting taxpayers money _ad nuseaum_. No. The only thing that
         | could possibly be worse then Amazon in its current format would
         | be if it were run as a government enterprise.
         | 
         | And to the whataboutism; "who says Amazon doesn't have those
         | problems etc, it's different. I don't have to be bothered so
         | much by the internal affairs of a private company. A government
         | company otoh, it would just be all over the news.
        
         | LightG wrote:
         | It's a catch-22 ... would Amazon be this innovative had it been
         | nationalised?
         | 
         | At what point do you nationalise? Is there a next technology
         | which will be stifled if it was nationalise?
         | 
         | Does nationalisation sttifle innovation?
         | 
         | I've been wrestling with these questions as I actually don't
         | like Amazon for all the reasons that have been well publicised
         | ... but their customer service is excellent.
         | 
         | Which sets me against a string of recent bad experiences with
         | local suppliers, getting stung, and thinking ... well, if
         | Amazon treat me better, why shouldn't I move away from local
         | suppliers and stick with the monopoly? Which goes against a lot
         | I believe in.
         | 
         | I guess the problem is it's putting a lot of trust in Amazon.
         | Which is itself an argument for nationalisation. I don't know.
        
           | 49531 wrote:
           | > Does nationalisation stifle innovation?
           | 
           | I would argue that it does not. We have a lot of innovations
           | from the last 100 years that have come from state-run
           | projects / endeavors.
           | 
           | The more I think about it the more it looks as though private
           | ownership stifles innovation if there isn't a direct profit
           | motive for it.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | Being a monopoly of any kind stifles innovation.
             | 
             | It's often better for the state to react to private
             | monopolies/oligopolies by entering the space and competing
             | with a bare bones service. This has worked in banking,
             | telecoms, land development, housing, etc. It often works
             | better than taking over the monopoly directly. It's one of
             | the reasons (IMHO) Singapore has such an effective private
             | market.
             | 
             | Often private companies lobby for laws restricting the
             | level that they can compete - this is a signal that it's an
             | effective tactic.
             | 
             | If USPS were given a mandate and the cash it could
             | absolutely build a marketplace that could compete and it
             | would probably kick start Amazon into being a better and
             | cheaper retailer. Unfortunately it's being whittled down to
             | a husk of its former self.
        
           | suprfsat wrote:
           | Jeff Bezos will testify in front of congress that he will
           | cease to be innovative if required to pay taxes.
        
             | sneak wrote:
             | Amazon pays mountains of payroll taxes, as they are one of
             | the largest employers in the world.
             | 
             | The "Amazon pays no taxes" meme is a false one.
        
               | spaceribs wrote:
               | I think the meme is "Amazon pays no federal taxes on it's
               | profits", and that is a correct statement.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | Even that is not really true. They paid no federal income
               | tax in 2017 and 2018, but have before and since.
               | 
               | I'm no fan of Amazon, but you have to admit there is a
               | pretty large distance between "Amazon pays no tax" and
               | "Amazon pays billions in tax, but they didn't pay this
               | one specific kind of tax a couple years ago".
               | 
               | https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/04/amazon-had-to-pay-
               | federal-in...
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | This is quite pendandic. When you calculate your tax rate
               | do you also include GST(VAT)? Because this is essentially
               | the same thing.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | I guess it depends on the context. When I am filing my
               | income tax, I am focused on that. But when budgeting or
               | discussing tax liability in general, I certainly don't
               | forget about the tens of thousands of dollars I pay in
               | local, sales, SS, etc taxes.
               | 
               | I would certainly not make the claim "I paid no taxes
               | this year" if I managed to skirt only federal income tax.
        
               | spaceribs wrote:
               | I think income tax is the most impactful and expensive
               | tax we have in the US, it's the one everyone thinks of
               | when someone says "doing your taxes".
               | 
               | The fact that Amazon just this year after not paying for
               | 2 years had to pay a measly 1.6% in taxes does not really
               | negate the argument.
               | 
               | Edit: 4 years -> 2 years
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | It really feels like you're twisting reality.
               | 
               | Amazon went 2 years without paying _income_ tax, not 4.
               | 
               | Amazon paid $3.5 billion in taxes in 2019 (some of which
               | was differed, but still owed). That is over 25% of their
               | income that year. Their federal income tax rate came out
               | to 1.6%, but its borderline lying to say "they paid a
               | measly 1.6% in taxes".
               | 
               | Amazon is an awful company. There is no reason to bend
               | the truth to try and show how awful they are. Being
               | disingenuous only makes your argument weaker.
        
               | spaceribs wrote:
               | I misread the article, and I'll correct the 4 to 2 years
               | now.
               | 
               | Income is income though, not sales or payroll which are
               | the expected and manageable operating costs of overhead
               | and human resources.
               | 
               | If I win the lottery, almost 50% of my winnings go back
               | to the state, and I haven't even bought anything with
               | those winnings. What's different about Amazon having a
               | banner year?
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | > What's different about Amazon having a banner year?
               | 
               | The big difference is that Amazon is a company.
               | 
               | If Amazon decides to pay out large bonuses or dividends
               | with its surplus, that gets taxed at the same rate as
               | your lottery winnings. Before that happens, the income is
               | Amazon's and not an individual's. There is no reason to
               | expect the corporate income tax to behave the same way as
               | individual's income tax.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Because that's how lotteries work in the US. Companies
               | don't have to be behemoths to pay no tax on income. They
               | just have to post no profits by spending all the money
               | they make on opex and capex.
        
               | spaceribs wrote:
               | I understand the system, I just want to be clear how
               | broken this is.
               | 
               | Both are windfalls, one gets taxed immediately, the other
               | gets taxed if they don't use up all their profits
               | reinvesting in themselves by the end of the year.
        
               | tick_tock_tick wrote:
               | I don't see how you can think this is broken. Think about
               | the implications if it wasn't like this. Bankruptcy would
               | be rampant and R&D investment would be impossible for
               | everyone but the largest companies.
        
               | Nasrudith wrote:
               | Well yes, governments tend to like their industrial bases
               | growing and are willing to wait for bigger gains over a
               | longer time period. That isn't broken it is by design.
        
               | Manuel_D wrote:
               | Isn't that also incorrect? It would presumably pay the
               | normal corporate tax on it's profits. It's just that
               | Amazon reinvests it's revenue and thus has no (or little)
               | profit.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | If that were the meme, I wouldn't be trying to dispel it.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | Isn't it the workers who (whom? I never know) pay the
               | payroll tax? That's their money, in exchange for their
               | time spent on work, that's not Amazon's money. This
               | doesn't make sense to me.
        
               | edoceo wrote:
               | in USA it works like: pay is $100. then take home is $80
               | because $20 is taken out for various payroll taxes. then
               | also the company pays $20 for their portion. employees
               | only see the -20 from them, not the +20 from Company on
               | wage stubs.
               | 
               | also, if the company has profits there is some tax on
               | that (well, my little C-corp did)
               | 
               | (numbers are made up to show process)
        
               | josefx wrote:
               | > also, if the company has profits there is some tax on
               | that (well, my little C-corp did)
               | 
               | No large US company has any profits, maybe one of their
               | child companies in Ireland or the Caribic does. They have
               | to beg for billions in government handouts every time
               | they want expand their operations, that is how bad they
               | have it financially.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | In the US, "payroll" taxes are split between employer and
               | employee. The biggest items that fall into payroll are
               | Social Security and Medicare.
               | 
               | https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/briefing-book/what-are-
               | major...
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | tremon wrote:
             | Does this imply he sees his ability to evade taxes as his
             | only worthwhile innovation?
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | I think it implies that amazon can't both spend
               | everything that would be profit on innovation while also
               | paying the same money on taxes
        
             | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
             | Sounds like extortion to me.
        
               | batch12 wrote:
               | How so? Whether or not amazon innovates should have no
               | bearing on a decision by congress to levy additional
               | taxes against them. If amazon decides to become shittier
               | as a result, someone else can fill that void.
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | not sure which party you're talking about here
        
           | nerbert wrote:
           | Amazon the marketplace isn't terribly innovative. It's a
           | marketplace supported by fantastic logistics, and most of it
           | is backed by USPS anyways. There's only so much you can do to
           | remove the pains from buyers, sounds like we're there.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | It's pretty amazing to me how unsophisticated the filters
             | and search criteria are. There are so many products where
             | I'd like to filter or sort on weight (for instance) and it
             | simply isn't possible.
             | 
             | Nonetheless as a semi-monopoly you are rarely compelled to
             | innovate like a smaller company is.
        
               | b3kart wrote:
               | They can do better, no doubt, but it is a problem that
               | sounds like it should be easy to solve, but becomes
               | really rather tricky at Amazon's scale and with their
               | catalogue size, speed of updates to it, and general
               | dependency on the quality of data provided by the
               | sellers. Try defining good filter values when you have
               | thousands of product categories with millions of
               | products, many of which have poorly defined attributes,
               | while all of this is subject to constant change. Quite a
               | task.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | Nothing is trivial at that size but given the immense
               | resources and market power at their disposal, I find it
               | more convincing that it's just not a priority because
               | their market position is already too secure.
               | 
               | I heard similar excuses back in the IE6 heyday for how
               | improving the browser was "hard". Realistically 94%
               | market share just meant that it wasn't broken from
               | Microsoft's perspective.
        
             | tracer4201 wrote:
             | > Amazon the marketplace isn't terribly innovative. It's a
             | marketplace supported by fantastic logistics
             | 
             | These two statements contradict each other. The thing that
             | Amazon does extremely well is logistics and that is core to
             | their marketplace, not something else to the side.
             | 
             | Amazon.com in my opinion is a logistics company who happens
             | to have a Website that sells products.
             | 
             | Amazon moves an item from point a to point b, and they do
             | it fast and efficient enough that people go back to them
             | again and again.
             | 
             | Last month, I ordered two pairs of jeans and a t-shirt from
             | Eddie Bauer. They arrived in three different packages after
             | about 10 days. With Amazon, it would have been 1 package
             | that arrives the next morning or the following day.
             | 
             | If Amazon is abusing its position, substantial fines or
             | regulations are the right solution in my opinion. I'm
             | absolutely not in favor of nationalization. Any kind of
             | government run facility, in my experience, is mind mumbling
             | horrible at their job. They have no incentive to compete -
             | which might eliminate bad behavior but it also makes for a
             | terrible customer experience. Nationalizing Amazon is no
             | different than just killing the company entirely.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | > It's a marketplace supported by fantastic logistics, and
             | most of it is backed by USPS anyways.
             | 
             | Not any more, USPS was only used for shipping anyway.
             | 
             | Amazon has shifted to vertical integration wherever they
             | can - they run everything they can, from air freight (with
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Air) over their
             | infamous warehouses to last-mile delivery with either in-
             | house staff or "contractor" schemes set up to avoid labor
             | regulations.
        
               | black_puppydog wrote:
               | That last bit is an "innovation" I would (and have, when
               | I could) pay many for to avoid. My mailman knows where I
               | live, can enter the building with a key and knows my
               | door. Amazon contractors keep calling me an hour ahead
               | "will I be there?" then can't deliver the parcel to a
               | nearby post office when I'm not. Over the last year of
               | work-from-home this wasn't much of an issue but when you
               | have a regular office job it can take a few days to get
               | that parcel.
        
             | nixass wrote:
             | > and most of it is backed by USPS anyways
             | 
             | Amazon does not do business in US only
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Yes, in UK wr have royal mail, and every other functional
               | country has it's equivalent
        
             | smhost wrote:
             | "Innovation" refers to practices like staying in the red
             | for a decade and bypassing antitrust laws by owning (rather
             | than monopolizing) markets.
             | 
             | It has little to do with technological innovation.
        
               | choward wrote:
               | Right. I wonder how much competition Amazon has
               | eliminated over the years with their shady business
               | practices. That competition may have driven innovation
               | even further.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | Precisely. Much of the "innovations" and "efficiencies"
               | touted (by Amazon and by many other players) are actually
               | not any _material /physical/technical_ improvements, but
               | financial games, buying competitors, operating at a loss,
               | regulatory evasion, monopolisation, etc.
        
               | smhost wrote:
               | I mean, business/financial innovation is a legitimate
               | kind of innovation. I'm not harping on Amazon for that. I
               | just think that discussions about "loss of innovation"
               | smuggle in some irrational fears about loss of technology
               | when there are no real reasons to.
        
         | batch12 wrote:
         | Why should the federal government steal Amazon? Surely, it is
         | possible for the government to build another service. I will
         | admit that this is a clever way to kill Amazon. I find the idea
         | of a government running my compute infrastructure to be a
         | terrifyingly bad idea and would seek out someone else.
         | 
         | Edit: Replaced AWS with Amazon
        
         | syshum wrote:
         | Yea I am going to go ahead and say No to that....
         | 
         | Amazon has issues, but "nationalizing" it would not ease those
         | issues in fact in most ways it would make them worse.
        
           | spaceribs wrote:
           | > Amazon has issues, but "nationalizing" it would not ease
           | those issues in fact in most ways it would make them worse.
           | 
           | Change my mind then? What would be worse in that situation?
        
             | passivate wrote:
             | You said "X would be great" but didn't explain why, so a
             | response like "No, X would be bad" is equally lacking in
             | details. Its hard to discuss anything without an underlying
             | basis for the conversation. There is no precedent for the
             | US government providing services comparable to Amazon at
             | comparable cost/benefit.
        
               | spaceribs wrote:
               | I explained why, commercial goods and services would have
               | a safe sponsored forum to sell their wares without
               | worrying about a profit hungry giant measuring their
               | success, cloning their business and driving them to
               | bankruptcy.
        
             | jpxw wrote:
             | When was the last time you used government-run software?
             | Was it a good experience?
        
               | jononomo wrote:
               | Amtrak is great. I generally like government-run
               | services. Have you tried dealing with your local cable
               | monopoly? It's a nightmare -- why not get the government
               | involved so things work more smoothly and there is more
               | competition?
        
               | amalcon wrote:
               | Less than a month ago, to sign up for my COVID vaccine.
               | Yes, it was a good experience.
        
               | spaceribs wrote:
               | Yes actually, I recently signed up for my vaccination
               | online via the GoVAX system, was flawless and painless:
               | https://massvax.maryland.gov/
               | 
               | I've used plenty of for-profit software that did
               | essentially the same thing but which fell flat on it's
               | face in terms of UI/UX.
        
               | jfrunyon wrote:
               | All the time. Yes. I've also had bad experiences with
               | plenty of private companies.
        
             | AbrahamParangi wrote:
             | Interop requirements may serve better than direct
             | government control.
             | 
             | At the very least, it's worth being clear eyed with respect
             | to the quality of government run services.
             | 
             | What would be necessary for the government to run a service
             | like Amazon successfully? Is our government today capable
             | of doing such a thing? I think the answer is clearly no.
        
               | smhost wrote:
               | > What would be necessary for the government to run a
               | service like Amazon successfully?
               | 
               | Anti-corruption measures to stop politicians from
               | sabotaging those services. E.g., USPS.
        
               | AbrahamParangi wrote:
               | Idk if USPS is truly an example of excellence, even if
               | they are an example of govt excellence. In 2020 they
               | shipped 70 billion packages, of which 90% was spam.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Well 90% of products on amazon are shit too, maybe some
               | made with child labour. Are you sure this comparisom will
               | be favourable?
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | > In 2020 they shipped 70 billion packages, of which 90%
               | was spam.
               | 
               | Is that their problem, though? I don't think anyone
               | expects the post to police package contents.
        
               | amalcon wrote:
               | They do police package contents to a degree, but only for
               | actual crimes. Postal spam isn't a crime (and probably
               | shouldn't be, as much as I'd like to get rid of the
               | spam).
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Postal_Inspec
               | tio...
        
               | shiftpgdn wrote:
               | They do police package contents, pretty heavily even.
               | They allow spam (presorted bulk mail in post office
               | terms) because the spammers have a strong lobby.
        
               | girvo wrote:
               | Government run services can be absolutely excellent
               | though. It's not a pure truth that government run =
               | subpar.
        
               | Kalium wrote:
               | You're absolutely right. They can be.
               | 
               | With that critical truth that you've touched on said...
               | American civilian resident-facing government services
               | tend to be organized and run with all the strong
               | incentives being to make it good for everyone _but_ the
               | residents. Usually the workforce has a strong union and
               | management has their goals, but us users have no strong
               | force to exert except distant oversight in the form of
               | Congress.
               | 
               | Some organizations escape this. Others do so partially at
               | best. Most do not. State DMVs are notorious pits of utter
               | misery, and this is generally an honest reflection of
               | experience.
               | 
               | You can report a passport lost online, but you have to
               | file a DS-11 in _black ink_ at a post office to request a
               | new one. This process can be easy or hard unpredictably,
               | depending mainly on how nice the postal worker feels that
               | day. There are few to no organizational incentives
               | towards better customer service.
               | 
               | Why black ink? Because the State Department says so. And
               | they don't have to care what you think.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | The GPS has like no downtime, same for the enrgy grid and
               | the post office.
               | 
               | Not that i see calue in nationalising Amazon, but i thi k
               | it would be fine
        
             | rualca wrote:
             | > What would be worse in that situation?
             | 
             | It would be by far worse to not have Amazon, or dump their
             | market share to shady chinese competitors like ali express.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Aliexpress is Ebay, not amazon. That being said, both
               | feature a decent return policy, shitty and invariably
               | wrong item description, no ability to properly filter
               | goods and fake reviewes.
               | 
               | The only dailight I see between them is the shipoing time
               | and language.
        
           | jononomo wrote:
           | I completely disagree. Amazon should be nationalized. This
           | would make life better for citizens.
        
             | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
             | Why?
        
               | anotha1 wrote:
               | How does a USPS job compare to the job of an Amazon
               | delivery driver?
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | How often are USPS on time for deliveries vs Amazons
               | drivers?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | That varies substantially by region.
               | 
               | In my area, Amazon's logistics is the least likely to be
               | on time. I've gotten many free months of Prime from
               | delayed packages.
        
               | anotha1 wrote:
               | Good point. In my last apartment, Amazon threatened to
               | stop delivering to the entire (large) complex because
               | their delivery people failed so hard at delivering.
               | Packages were left just about everywhere and the Facebook
               | group became more like a lost-and-found package site.
               | Something that didn't happen at all with USPS.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | At face value, you argument amounts to "brutally
               | exploiting workers produces better results".
               | 
               | You might be right, but...
        
               | anotha1 wrote:
               | As far as I can tell, just as often. No, I don't have the
               | same expectations, but that is more than reasonable
               | considering Amazon has an easier job (every seller
               | already has there product in an Amazon warehouse, as is
               | the USPS has an additional processing step).
        
             | ekianjo wrote:
             | Products more expensive is better?
        
         | wolfretcrap wrote:
         | Amazon is far from only being software atleast in India.
         | 
         | They've such a volume here in India that since Amazon has got
         | here, traditional LTL logistics soared in price wayyy higher
         | 
         | Amazon has completely revolutionised logistics here in India,
         | you'll have hard time sending a box from point A to point B
         | cheaper than what Amazon offers.
         | 
         | We are at a point where Amazon sells things much cheaper
         | shipped to your door than a shop near you. (If you don't live
         | in a metro city highly likely, the price which Amazon offers,
         | local shops simply can't beat them)
         | 
         | And in India something like 60-70% people live in small towns
         | and villages, traditional family owned distribution networks
         | are failing to compete with Amazon, yes the ones which power
         | most of the shops in the town.
         | 
         | I maintain, the traditional family owned distribution networks
         | were even more exploitative (screwing over both customers and
         | their workers) in India atleast compared to what Amazon offers.
         | 
         | Amazon delivery agent here are guys from low economic class and
         | often from villages nearby. I am glad my purchases are helping
         | these people survive than the "several property owning
         | shopkeeper near me" competing with me in the real estate market
         | while simultaneously ripping me off on the price on various
         | tools.
         | 
         | Few years ago I was working for such family owned distribution
         | networks and I never seen such miseries in life, truckers were
         | often not paid at time, often driving trucks which hardly get
         | any service (dangerously), the axel could become rocket anytime
         | while on road. Amazon has only brought best practises to us,
         | they've regular vehicle maintenance schedule, drivers get paid
         | on time. Amazon delivery agents are some of the happiest people
         | I've met despite working so hard, they are always smiling while
         | delivering stuff to me.
         | 
         | The distribution agents were regularly fired without payment
         | (it's not completely organized sector so lots of labor operate
         | in grey area, where if they don't get paid don't have any legal
         | recourse and most likely no one will believe if they ever
         | worked for the person they are claiming to have rendered their
         | service to. I am glad, the nepotistic and exploitative power
         | nexus of family owned distribution networks is dying.
         | 
         | Easy return was never available in India, and you risked
         | getting "death stares" from the shopkeeper if you ever returned
         | anything to him because of quality issues of the product.
         | 
         | Other than this, most of the times I had seen "young girls"
         | walking into market and getting "40% discount" by some thristy
         | shopkeeper and they wouldn't do same for a guy ever, atleast
         | this form of descrimination is dying with Amazon.
         | 
         | And honestly speaking, if a lot of Amazon executives in
         | Bangalore and Gurgaon are getting rich, it's well deserved for
         | what they've done for the nation.
         | 
         | I forgot to mention, we've many Amazon competitors but
         | primarily Flipkart - well, getting them to replace/return
         | anything has been tough for me, maybe because I live in a small
         | town, I don't say but I get all my packages in 2 days from
         | Amazon (without prime), while Flipkart takes 5 days here
         | minimum.
         | 
         | What would I like to see Amazon change?
         | 
         | 1. Make it possible to sell low value items which cost less
         | than 200 and aggregate it before it's shipped to customer and
         | charge customer shipping on aggregate weight shipped for these
         | small combines. Sometimes it's very difficult when you've to
         | order small items and pay 150-200 shipping on each item. These
         | can be "no return combine", I will not bother returning such
         | low value item, so Amazon saves overhead and additional costs.
         | 
         | 2. Please revolutionze hardware space for retail buyers, stuff
         | like "steel sheets, MDF, nail, bolts, nuts" - we don't have any
         | Homedepot or Lowe's, we really need it and my hope is only on
         | Amazon. Other countries like US has Homedepot where u can get
         | most of the hardware fittings while this space is seriously
         | lagging in India, everyone uses different naming for a spare
         | part, etc...we don't even have anything like "McMasterCarr".
        
           | iamAtom wrote:
           | So true. Without amazon retail experience is shit in India
        
       | bruhhh wrote:
       | of course they knew! They also know about all the FAKE REVIEWS
       | that infested Amazon, and they're not doing anything about it
       | because it boosts sales. Not only that, but I got banned from
       | reviewing on Amazon after I posted a review that the product's
       | reviews are probably fake (after checking on fakespot and
       | receiving a trashy product).
        
       | annoyingnoob wrote:
       | Seems like all big retailers do this. I know that Home Depot's
       | HDX brand copies products, and you are more likely to find HDX in
       | stock than the products it competes with.
        
       | cowpig wrote:
       | Can we just rule that internet marketplaces cannot offer
       | competing products on their own platforms?
       | 
       | The fundamental conflicts of interest will always persist
       | otherwise.
       | 
       | This is going to sound radical but I think Google Search should
       | be broken away from everything else and/or Google products should
       | not be accessible via the search page (or allowed to buy ad
       | space)
        
         | neolog wrote:
         | If you make something and sell it in a store, does that mean
         | you're not allowed to sell other people's products in your
         | store?
        
           | cowpig wrote:
           | A store is bound to a physical location, whereas online
           | platforms seem to tend toward monopoly
        
         | idiotsecant wrote:
         | Should walmart be able to produce and offer generic versions of
         | brand name items on their shelves? Why or why not?
        
           | cowpig wrote:
           | I don't think they're similar. There are many stores in my
           | neighborhood, but there's only one google, only one app store
           | on my phone, and only one Amazon.
           | 
           | I also think the degree to which the platform can exploit
           | data related to producers (and consumers) is totally
           | different with online marketplaces.
        
             | google234123 wrote:
             | One Amazon? There many competing sites on the internet.
        
             | bhupy wrote:
             | You're correct that they're probably not similar, but they
             | are different in ways that undercuts your original
             | argument.
             | 
             | There are almost certainly more than one search engine
             | (Bing, DuckDuckGo) and more than one online retail platform
             | (Shopify, Walmart.com, eBay). But unlike physical
             | businesses, they are literally "just a click away"; whereas
             | in the real world, you'd have to schlep to the physical
             | location of the competing store. Moreover, the barrier to
             | entry to actually spinning up an online retail platform is
             | _much much lower_ than spinning up a brick-and-mortar
             | location (permits, employed labor per location, rent
             | /property costs). Finally, the theoretical reach once you
             | spin up an online retail platform is infinite; whereas one
             | has to go through all of the aforementioned brick-and-
             | mortar barriers for every incremental customer in the
             | world...
             | 
             | IMO, the concept of abolishing generic store brands strikes
             | me as fundamentally hostile to the poor. The other day I
             | was at a Walgreen's picking up some Neosporin ointment, and
             | I found the Walgreen's store brand right next to at half
             | the price. I'm privileged enough to be able to afford the
             | name-brand Neosporin without having to think about it, but
             | I fully appreciate that there are a lot of people that are
             | grateful that the store brand exists. I'm sure Johnson &
             | Johnson would love for the government to prevent Walgreen's
             | from selling its cheaper store brand, but I'm skeptical
             | that this would be good for anybody except Johnson &
             | Johnson.
             | 
             | Likewise, Amazon provides "generic" versions of commodity
             | products. Insofar as it's difficult to compete with Amazon,
             | it's because it's generally difficult to run sustainable
             | businesses solely on the back of commodity products.
        
       | chuii123 wrote:
       | https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa...
       | https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa...
       | https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa...
       | https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa...
       | https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa...
       | https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa...
       | https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa...
       | https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa...
        
       | chuii123 wrote:
       | <a href="https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-
       | content/uploa... rbx</a> <a href="https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-
       | tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa... rbx</a> <a
       | href="https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-
       | content/uploa... rbx</a> <a href="https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-
       | tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa... rbx</a> <a
       | href="https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-
       | content/uploa... rbx</a> <a href="https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-
       | tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa... rbx</a> <a
       | href="https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-tamu-analytics/wp-
       | content/uploa... rbx</a> <a href="https://mays.tamu.edu/humana-
       | tamu-analytics/wp-content/uploa... rbx</a>
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | I keep seeing stories like this that prey on readers' ignorance
       | to push an unfair agenda.
       | 
       | Retailers using their data as an advantage to improve sales of
       | own brand products, at the cost of suppliers, is totally
       | standard. It's happening right now in every supermarket (and
       | plenty of other places). Pretending otherwise is silly.
       | 
       | Amazon having a policy of not doing that is exemplary. Amazon
       | failing to meet that in one case is amazon meeting it in 99.9999%
       | of cases.
       | 
       | But people are very quick to see the devil in amazon while others
       | (Walmart for instance) are much worse and get a free pass...
        
       | nataz wrote:
       | The most interesting part of the HN discussion is not about the
       | definition of what Amazon is doing, but the occasional
       | misunderstanding of how large brick and mortar retail businesses
       | operate at scale (see: buying shelf space/payment dependant on
       | sales/etc).
       | 
       | There are lots of folks on here that understand what Amazon is
       | doing, less who understand retail businesses mechanisms.
       | 
       | I'm not sure what Amazon is doing is legal (def will vary widely
       | between the eu and us markets), but it is another interesting
       | example of how doing something at scale can be perceived as
       | fundamentally different then when it's done in a smaller way
       | (especially as it pertains to privacy).
        
         | jiveturkey wrote:
         | You seem to have a limited understanding as well.
         | 
         | Unlike other retailers, who are front and center that they own
         | the sales data (some even sell it back to you, the 3p
         | merchant), Amazon explicitly states they will not use that data
         | (except in aggregate). Bezos' statement that he cannot say for
         | sure if the policy has been violated is an admission that it
         | has, and is even encouraged. It's very possible and easy in
         | fact to enforce a chinese wall around that data. That they have
         | chosen not to -- that the data is possibly available _at all_
         | -- means that they expect successful PMs to use it on the down
         | low.
         | 
         | It's clear they have this policy so as to attract merchants. So
         | to turn around and violate it is a pretty severe issue.
         | 
         | Second, Amazon is in a position to actually produce or re-brand
         | products under their own very strong brand. Unlike other
         | retailers whose store brand is always the discount and less
         | desirable option, and generally not taking away sales from the
         | premium product.
        
         | cmeacham98 wrote:
         | These comparisons to brick&mortar stores are mostly irrelevant.
         | 
         | Amazon told 3rd party sellers it wouldn't use their sales data
         | for its own sales (and possibly contractually agreed not to? -
         | unsure here), and it now seems that they broke this promise.
         | 
         | How other stores operate doesn't matter. Amazon said it
         | wouldn't do this and used that trust to attract sellers and
         | grow their platform.
        
           | mjparrott wrote:
           | Companies break contracts all the time. The consequences
           | range and can include legal action, hurt relationships, lost
           | business ... but also could be minor ('business is
           | business').
        
             | Gibbon1 wrote:
             | There is breaking contracts in minor often mutually agreed
             | ways, or because 'can't do it'. Happens all the time.
             | 
             | Stealing your customers sales metrics, yeah that's never
             | okay.
        
             | akira2501 wrote:
             | > Companies break contracts all the time.
             | 
             | Which is an excellent reason for preventing these types of
             | monopolies from forming in the first place. Once you let
             | one retailer get so large, they have almost unlimited power
             | to act in this way, but the people who they harm have very
             | little power in receiving any recompense for it.
             | 
             | > The consequences range
             | 
             | They sure do.. and Amazon is one of the largest companies
             | operating today. The range is "off-scale high."
        
         | addicted wrote:
         | It's less doing it at "scale" and more doing it as a
         | monopoly/monopsony.
         | 
         | Walmart has faced similar questions as well, but as much of a
         | monopoly/monopsony as Walmart is, it's far less than what
         | Amazon is. Moreso in non US advanced countries that actually
         | enforce the anti trust regulations in their laws.
        
           | TameAntelope wrote:
           | In what market is Amazon a monopoly?
        
             | dahfizz wrote:
             | Being strict about the term, none. But "monopoly" has
             | become a colloquialism for "big company (that I don't
             | like)".
             | 
             | Amazon has certainly generated enough bad faith and
             | operates at a large enough scale to galvanize the anti-
             | trust advocates
        
             | kempbellt wrote:
             | They are popular, efficient, and usually affordable - if
             | not cheaper than many competing outlets, but I do not see
             | them as a monopoly by definition.
             | 
             | Amazon has made it more convenient to use their services
             | than their competition in many ways, but to my
             | understanding, there are alternatives for just about
             | everything they offer.
        
           | judge2020 wrote:
           | > Moreso in non US advanced countries that actually enforce
           | the anti trust regulations in their laws.
           | 
           | I think it's pretty disingenuous to say that the U.S. isn't
           | enforcing its antitrust laws, the DOJ certainly opens
           | investigations against these conglomerates, they just don't
           | take them to court, so there might not be enough info for the
           | DOJ to think there's a case. We don't know the full story for
           | any of these cases and thus can't become sole arbitrators of
           | whether or not something is an antitrust violation.
           | 
           | The problem is probably that the DOJ doesn't like to bring
           | cases against people in they they don't have hard evidence
           | and a high likelihood to succeed in their prosecution - they
           | have an average 92% success rate in the cases they bring
           | against defendants[0]. I'm not one to say how to run the DOJ
           | but chances are they could find more damning documents via
           | court discovery (if they think they have enough of a case to
           | get to discovery, at least).
           | 
           | 0: https://www.justice.gov/doj/page/file/1249306/download#pag
           | e=... (page 16)
        
             | elliekelly wrote:
             | > The problem is probably that the DOJ doesn't like to
             | bring cases against people in they they don't have hard
             | evidence and a high likelihood to succeed in their
             | prosecution
             | 
             | It has nothing to do with a lack of evidence and everything
             | to do with not biting the hands that feed the boss's next
             | campaign fund.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | The DOJ, SEC, etc have an army of non-politically-
               | appointed civil servants.
        
               | elliekelly wrote:
               | And yet not a single non-politically-appointed civil
               | servant at the DOJ has the actual authority to bring an
               | action against a big company like Amazon. When the DOJ
               | brings a major antitrust case against a major American
               | company there is no chance it didn't get the Attorney
               | General's, and probably the President's, sign-off first.
               | None. Zero.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Potayto, potahtoh.
             | 
             | Failed enforcement attempts are as ineffective as non-
             | attempted enforcement.
        
               | theturtletalks wrote:
               | What's a law with no teeth?
        
               | Nasrudith wrote:
               | It has teeth but high standards. It is a bit more like
               | Treason charges in the US. Technically a capital crime
               | but often not worth trying as the precedents make it a
               | high fence to clear. You are better off finding some
               | anticompetitive business practice to cease.
               | 
               | But anything about monopoly from the professional liars
               | is just a bunch of table pounding as they lack laws and
               | facts.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | > as much of a monopoly/monopsony as Walmart is, it's far
           | less than what Amazon is.
           | 
           | Walmart retail sales are significantly larger than Amazon's
           | retail sales.
           | 
           | For 2019 (chosen to avoid the disparate impact of pandemic),
           | Walmart sold $514B while Amazon retail sold only $135B first-
           | party and $200B third-party. Given the growth rates, Amazon
           | will pass Walmart, but I don't think Walmart has "far less"
           | power in retail than Amazon.
        
             | TameAntelope wrote:
             | This, and Walmart isn't just going to sit by and let Amazon
             | win, why would they? I think folks on the Internet
             | generally tend to assume Amazon is inevitable, but I doubt
             | that's how Walmart thinks of it.
             | 
             | Walmart and Amazon are both good for one another, and their
             | competition helps us, except for when they basically non-
             | compete over things like wages.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I agree about the internet/tech user part of that. If you
               | asked me to give estimates of their relative size 5 years
               | ago, I'd have probably said that Amazon was much bigger
               | than Walmart, which would have been entirely wrong, of
               | course.
               | 
               | The pandemic was a huge boon for Amazon, but I don't
               | think the battle for retail will have a clean, singular
               | winner and consumers are endlessly demanding in terms of
               | what it will take to remain the winner. Toys-R-Us and
               | Sears learned that painful lesson within our adult
               | lifetime. They won't be the last.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | From a little bit of retail corporate experience: people
               | are used to seeing Amazon roll over competitors with
               | under-invested supply chains.
               | 
               | There aren't really any of those left.
               | 
               | Amazon taking on Walmart, Home Depot, or (I assume)
               | Target is going to look very different. Because all have
               | been shoveling money into their supply chain efficiencies
               | for the last 10 years.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | I think mail order and brick&mortar compete in some product
             | segments, but are separate in others. For example, perhaps
             | split off much of grocery and bulky cheap items as well as
             | legally constrained products from WalMart's total (although
             | Amazon is making inroads there).
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Walmart has a huge online/mail component too. They
               | basically bought and (unlike so many) successfully
               | integrated and digested Jet (and now Bonobos) explicitly
               | for that.
        
           | castlecrasher2 wrote:
           | >but as much of a monopoly/monopsony as Walmart is, it's far
           | less than what Amazon is
           | 
           | I don't believe this to be the case. How is Amazon a
           | monopoly, given the large number of online retailers that
           | continue to be successful?
        
         | jorblumesea wrote:
         | I don't think that's a fair comparison. It would be like if
         | Amazon owned the entire mall, and would kick out competitors
         | and establish their own stores once they become profitable.
         | 
         | Amazon is both a retailer in the sense that they sell products,
         | but also owns the entire marketplace as well.
        
           | Tinyyy wrote:
           | They don't kick out competitors though, merely open up their
           | own stores. To me (the consumer), that seems fine.
        
             | ska wrote:
             | To abuse this analogy further - if they also put signs for
             | their owns stores in front of the other stores signage, or
             | redesign the mall to direct people away from the
             | competitors - that seems less fine.
        
               | savanaly wrote:
               | What if there's multiple other malls just across the
               | street? As is the case in online retail. Even easier than
               | crossing the street, to be honest, just click that second
               | result in Google instead of the first. Is it so hard to
               | admit that Amazon's customers are using them because
               | their offering is great and not because of lack of
               | alternatives?
        
               | theturtletalks wrote:
               | Amazon has always used dark patterns with their 3rd party
               | sellers. They even restrict the price sellers can charge
               | on products they sell on Amazon and their own website.
               | This ensures Amazon will be the lowest price.
               | 
               | In this analogy, that would mean you have a store inside
               | the mall and right across the street. Amazon sees you are
               | selling products cheaper across the street since rent
               | across the street is way cheaper than inside the mall.
               | Amazon then says either you charge the same price in the
               | mall or you get kicked out. You could call Amazon's bluff
               | but most sellers are not risking their seller accounts.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | That's irrelevant to charges of anti-competitive behavior
        
           | reaperducer wrote:
           | _It would be like if Amazon owned the entire mall, and would
           | kick out competitors and establish their own stores once they
           | become profitable._
           | 
           | Just wait. It may happen.
           | 
           | During the pandemic some of the big mall companies bought
           | their tenants, either out of bankruptcy, or at crazy cheap
           | prices.
           | 
           | At first it looked like the malls were just doing it to keep
           | the lights on and the storefronts occupied. Now there's more
           | and more people saying the mall companies may try to become
           | "Amazon In Real Life."
           | 
           | To me, it sounds like Department Stores 2.0. But it'll be
           | interesting to see if it actually happens.
        
           | johnebgd wrote:
           | This.
           | 
           | They are also so good at building malls that they own the
           | construction company and the supply chain of raw goods for
           | the construction efforts (AWS). They use their scale to cut
           | costs for construction globally so it doesn't make economic
           | sense for others to build without them. Even some of their
           | competitors use their construction company to build their
           | vision of what a mall looks like. All the while Amazon is
           | gaining valuable insights they can steal to use on their own
           | malls.
        
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