[HN Gopher] What is Chia cryptocurrency - and why is it bad news...
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       What is Chia cryptocurrency - and why is it bad news for hard
       drives?
        
       Author : fortran77
       Score  : 27 points
       Date   : 2021-05-01 21:09 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.tomsguide.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.tomsguide.com)
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | I can see Eth existing in 10 years time. I can't see Chia
       | existing in 10 years time.
       | 
       | Crypto verse in general feels like a 50/50 bet...but the storage
       | based stuff feels like significantly worse odds
        
       | lousken wrote:
       | oh great, another item that will be impossible to buy soon
       | 
       | thanks, miners
       | 
       | the sooner someone introduces the law to ban all proof of work
       | crypto, the better - or at least banning companies from taking or
       | using PoW crypto would be a good start
        
       | theshadowknows wrote:
       | I asked this recently but the topic died before I got many
       | answers. Basically, I'm not a cryptocurrency denier. I just don't
       | understand it. Do people want cryptocurrency because they want to
       | spend it on stuff? Or do they want cryptocurrency because they
       | want to sell it for other currencies? In other words, at what
       | point will a cryptocurrency stand on its own as something that's
       | worth a pair of shoes? Instead of being something that people
       | invest in to eventually sell for dollars with which they they buy
       | shoes? Again- I know I just don't understand. My original
       | question:
       | 
       | 1 point by theshadowknows 4 days ago | parent [-] | on: The Last
       | Days of Satoshi: What Happened When Bitco...
       | 
       | Bitcoin and other crypto/alt currencies are so interesting to me.
       | Partly because I do not understand them: If I mow your lawn and
       | you pay me in the locally accepted fiat then I can use that fiat
       | to buy hotdogs and fuel for my lawn mower because the gas station
       | itself will accept that fiat. The gas station will accept that
       | fiat because its vendors, creditors, and employees also accept
       | it. And the chain goes on. If however I mow your lawn and you pay
       | me in bitcoin I'll need to find a gas station that accepts it.
       | Many likely exist. But, how many of their vendors, creditors, and
       | employees also accept it? Some, no doubt, but I'd wager not all
       | would. So, even though these currencies no doubt represent
       | massive potential they're still somewhat limited in terms of
       | adoption. Obviously this is becoming less true over time which I
       | think is a good thing - competition isn't something fiat
       | currencies tend to have to deal with, but they sure could use it.
       | My real misunderstanding is 'why' people accept these currencies
       | in the first place. In other words - people accept a United
       | States dollar because it is worth one United States dollar.
       | However, it seems that most people accept bitcoin (or bitcoin
       | fragments) not because they are worth some percentage of bitcoin
       | but exactly because they are worth some amount of United States
       | dollars. Is that true? Is the primary reason that bitcoin has
       | become more popular that an investor can spend 10,000 fiat on it
       | - wait a year - and then extract 15,000 fiat from it?
        
         | matkoniecz wrote:
         | > Is the primary reason that bitcoin has become more popular
         | that an investor can spend 10,000 fiat on it - wait a year -
         | and then extract 15,000 fiat from it?
         | 
         | It seems to be true.
        
         | joecool1029 wrote:
         | > Do people want cryptocurrency because they want to spend it
         | on stuff?
         | 
         | Some of us did. Last month marks 10 years since I was
         | introduced to the community and registered on the bitcoin-otc.
         | We bought and sold all sorts of random crap (food items,
         | laptops, gadgets, one regular even paid people bitcoin to have
         | them buy him lunch. A brief time existed where some of the more
         | idealists expected bitcoin to replace Paypal. That obviously
         | didn't happen.
         | 
         | Starting with Satoshidice gambling the network performance
         | started to crap up and fees began to climb. Eventually it
         | became worthless for any sort of fast/cheap transacting and
         | everything centralized onto a few exchanges. Every asshole in
         | the world has proposed ways to improve this issue, but with all
         | the money sunk into bitcoin and a lot of arguments we aren't in
         | a better situation today.
         | 
         | Now every naive person from 20-some year olds to 70-year olds
         | are hitting me up and asking what I think of NFT's and the
         | shitcoin of the week because they saw some heads on Bloomberg
         | gushing over it and I'm just tired of it all.
        
         | beambot wrote:
         | Here's an alternative mental model... Let's talk about Filecoin
         | (related to Chia) for file storage. Assume for the moment that
         | all 2 billion tokens are in circulation. At any given time,
         | there is a market of people looking to store files and people
         | willing to store those files for a fee. You're transacting
         | (roughly) in Gb-years at today's level of technology -- i.e.
         | willingness to store 1Gb of data for 1 year. Regular market
         | forces apply. You could also pre-purchase credits for later
         | use... either to get higher priority for your data when you
         | want to use your tokens, or as an investment in said ability.
         | And the prices you'll pay will automatically flex based on
         | improvements in technology since the global supply of tokens is
         | fixed.
         | 
         | You could then reasonably think of Filecoin as a futures
         | contract on generic file storage capacity. Ethereum is a
         | futures contract on computational horsepower. Bitcoin is
         | something else(?) - perhaps a futures contract on a general
         | long-term abstract form of value storage. In short: Some of
         | these tokens act as futures contracts for decentralized compute
         | capabilities. The most-common current use case happens to be
         | heavily related to finance (DeFi); applications for censorless
         | content networks are also in development; and the applications
         | are really quite general purpose.
         | 
         | Anything today that requires a ledger is a reasonable problem
         | to tackle too, where eliminating centralization _could be_
         | beneficial. E.g. ENS instead of ICANN for domain names,
         | tokenized stock certificates instead of relying on opaque
         | organizations owned by major banks (e.g. the DTC and problems
         | around naked shorting).
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | These velocity of money models can't account for even a small
           | fraction of cryptocurrency valuations. For example, if your
           | model says Filecoin is worth $10 but it's currently trading
           | for $160... clearly the buyers are not pre-purchasing
           | storage.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | It's more like the promise that you could spend $10,000, wait
         | five years, then retire. Bitcoin's historical >10,000x returns
         | have triggered massive amounts of envy, greed, and FOMO.
        
       | m00dy wrote:
       | Do they have a benchmark for how many tps that Chia can handle ?
        
         | CharlesW wrote:
         | Bram Cohen has been quoted as estimating ~20 TPS at Layer 1.
        
       | rovr138 wrote:
       | Just bought a new Synology NAS this week and started putting
       | together disks and they're scarce and the prices are through the
       | roof.
       | 
       | Couldn't find what I was planning on buying. What I found was
       | through the roof. I bit the bullet and bought 4 new ones. Not
       | enough to fully populate the NAS, but at least it'll give me some
       | space for now to do what I need.
       | 
       | We've seen scarcity and what it does for prices after the
       | flooding in.. 2010?(ish).
        
       | ChrisClark wrote:
       | Why would Chia be the threat here? Filecoin(IPFS) is already a
       | threat, it already has a capacity of 4.81 EiB of data, 4810
       | PetiBytes! (Is that how you spell it? In contrast to Petabytes)
       | 
       | And to store 1 GiB of data per year it only costs the user
       | $0.00082 USD.
       | 
       | That shows harddrives are already being gobbled up by miners at
       | an incredible rate. Has this made a noticeable rise in storage
       | prices? Anyone know of any data that can show that?
        
       | i_have_an_idea wrote:
       | I hold no Chia or crypto at all, however, from what I am seeing
       | around me, Chia is going to be really, really big.
        
         | Hjfrf wrote:
         | We can always hope that trading Chia is made illegal, along
         | with proof of work algorithm based currencies in general.
         | 
         | Governments so-far failing to regulate existential threats to
         | themselves is honestly odd.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >Governments so-far failing to regulate existential threats
           | to themselves is honestly odd.
           | 
           | Is it the job of the government to hang onto power at all
           | costs?
        
           | CharlesW wrote:
           | Chia is not Proof of Work, FWIW. Their technical and business
           | whitepapers are helpful resources for learning more about
           | what they call "Proof of Space and Time".
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | From people hoping to mine and then immediately sell it, or
         | from people who are planning on buying and holding?
        
       | mrfusion wrote:
       | Can anyone explain the algorithm a bit?
        
         | joecool1029 wrote:
         | Here's the whitepaper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/893.pdf
         | 
         | Unfortunately, it's a lot harder to follow than Satoshi's at
         | least for me.
        
       | Igelau wrote:
       | Field Notes, Terran Expedition 6, Chief Archivist Blaxarll:
       | 
       | "Terran life took a sudden dramatic shift after the fall of
       | Hominid dominance. The turning point appears to have occured when
       | the sacrificial demands of Blockchain worship spiraled out of
       | control after fuel-based offerings were supplanted by info
       | storage based offerings. This, in and of itself, was not terribly
       | harmful, but the model was used by the Cult of Aquaricoin. The
       | so-called Water Miners enshrined a marketplace for non-fungible
       | indulgences depicting popular figures. This was backed by a
       | _Proof of Potable Water_ algorithmic catechism, and swiftly
       | resulted in total extinction for the species.
       | 
       | It is this researcher's opinion that we are fortunate the Terran
       | Hominids had only just discovered space travel, for they very
       | well could have extinguished the resources of our own homeworlds
       | for such religious decadence."
        
         | rektide wrote:
         | this is one of the best things i have ever read thank you
        
       | surround wrote:
       | It took me a while to actually understand how proof-of-work
       | mining works because seemingly every article one the subject
       | gives too abstract of an explanation. Turns out it's not that
       | complex if you understand what a cryptographic hash is. Just take
       | a block (a list of recent transactions) and take a SHA-256 hash
       | if it over and over with slight variations until you get a hash
       | that starts with enough consecutive zeroes.
       | 
       | I'm having the same issue with understanding proof-of-space.
       | Could someone give a technical explanation for those of us that
       | understand basic cryptography (but aren't professional
       | cryptographists)?
        
         | chade wrote:
         | Proof-of-space is essentially stored Proof-of-work. You are
         | pre-filling your drive with many cryptographic hash's. When a
         | challenge comes in the software will do a quick check to see if
         | any of your plots could possibly have a proof (a hash with
         | sufficient zeros for that challenge). If any of your plots pass
         | this filter then the plot is looked up on the HDD to check if
         | it does indeed contain a proof. The difficulty, the number of
         | zeros needed for a hash to be considered a proof, adjusts as
         | the network grows to ensure a steady supply of coins. With
         | proof-of-work you are printing lottery tickets every time a
         | challenge comes in, then throwing them away and starting again,
         | with Proof-of-space you are printing your tickets once and then
         | storing them for years. There is extra layers, Chia is actually
         | proof-of-space-and-time, so that you can't win by faking proof-
         | of-space with proof-of-work.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | There are multiple flavors of proof of space and they seem to
         | be based on quite complex math to the extent that a simple
         | explanation may not be possible.
        
           | maks25 wrote:
           | I don't think I have ever heard of proof of space, is it the
           | same as proof of stake?
        
             | warkdarrior wrote:
             | Completely different things.
             | 
             | In Proof of Stake, the network (roughly!) allocates rewards
             | for validating transactions based on the amount of coins
             | you have, i.e., your stake in the network.
             | 
             | In Proof of Space, the network allocates rewards based on
             | you proving that you are really storing the data you were
             | supposed to store. If you fail to produce a proof for some
             | data item the network expected you to have stored, you lose
             | the reward.
             | 
             | More info:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_space
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_stake
        
             | CharlesW wrote:
             | They are different. Chia isn't Proof of Stake because how
             | many XCH has no impact on your odds of winning more.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_space
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_stake
        
             | gojomo wrote:
             | No - it's a bit more like preprinting big ranges of lottery
             | tickets, that require giant look-up tables moreso than raw
             | computation.
             | 
             | So it requires the dedication of some hard/rivalrous real
             | resource, storage space, other than either strictly
             | energy/CPU (PoW) or the protocol's own tokens (PoStake).
             | 
             | See the Chia 'Green Paper' for more details.
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | Proof of space means you can prove you have hard drives
             | full of data. Proof of stake means you can prove you have
             | coins in your wallet.
             | 
             | The basic idea is that you do a slow and complicated
             | calculation to fill the drive with a particular pattern.
             | Then when it comes time to prove you have the drive, you
             | have to use random pieces of that data to calculate a
             | number within a strict time limit.
        
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