[HN Gopher] Mining robot stranded on Pacific Ocean floor in deep...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Mining robot stranded on Pacific Ocean floor in deep-sea mining
       trial
        
       Author : giuliomagnifico
       Score  : 74 points
       Date   : 2021-04-29 11:52 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | monkeybutton wrote:
       | I don't really know anything about geology so apologies if this
       | is a naive question: Is the effort to mine under the ocean
       | predicated on the belief that we only have access to ~29% of the
       | precious metals / diamonds etc. because that's just how much of
       | earth's surface isn't underwater?
        
         | warmwaffles wrote:
         | I know that mining methane hydrate off of the ocean floor has
         | been a discussion. We would be wise to try and get that out and
         | contain it / burn it before it is released into the atmosphere
         | as pure methane.
        
           | JoeAltmaier wrote:
           | It's been forming there for a billion years. There's no
           | hurry.
        
             | vegetablepotpie wrote:
             | Global warming is causing undersea methane to be released
             | much faster than it has in the past.
             | 
             | > For the second year in a row, his team have found crater-
             | like pockmarks in the shallower parts of the Laptev Sea and
             | East Siberian Sea that are discharging bubble jets of
             | methane, which is reaching the sea surface at levels tens
             | to hundreds of times higher than normal.
             | 
             | https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/oct/27/sleeping-
             | gia...
        
             | nitrogen wrote:
             | The hurry is if warming temperatures cause it all to
             | sublimate and release rapidly as gas, AKA the clathrate
             | gun.
        
               | JoeAltmaier wrote:
               | Its distribution is sparse and on the surface. Its been
               | forming for a billion years. Conclusion: it's sublimating
               | all the time and being replaced.
               | 
               | If there's any danger, its from the billions of cubic
               | meters under the ocean floor (the source of the nodules,
               | seeping from underneath). More carbon than all the oil we
               | ever burned in our civilization so far.
               | 
               | Is that in any danger of accelerated release? I've not
               | heard of that.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > Conclusion: it's sublimating all the time and being
               | replaced.
               | 
               | In the long-term, yes, it will eventually reach a steady
               | state. In the long term, though, we'll all be dead.
               | 
               | In the short-term, on timescales that human beings care
               | about, no, we can release too much of it too quickly,
               | before the system reaches a steady equilibrium. Methane
               | has an atmospheric half-life measured in decades, so
               | getting too much of it, too fast, can significantly spike
               | temperatures.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | There's this blurb from the company website:
         | 
         |  _" Polymetallic nodules are lumps of minerals that range in
         | size from just a few millimeters to tens of centimeters and are
         | found in the abyssal areas of the oceans basins of the world.
         | Known deposits are found in various quantities around a water
         | depth of 3500 to 6000 meters. They lie on a relatively flat
         | seafloor of soft sediment in a large surface area. It is
         | estimated that the nodules present in the Clarion Clipperton
         | Fracture Zone (CCFZ) contain more nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn)
         | and cobalt (Co) than all land-based reserves combined.
         | Furthermore, they contain significant amounts of copper (Cu)
         | and molybdenum (Mo) (1)."_
         | 
         | https://www.deme-gsr.com/exploration/
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | There are a few factors pushing it, I think:
         | 
         | * There's thought to be several regions of the seabed where the
         | mining operation can basically just scoop up the top layer and
         | get economically extractable ore out of it.
         | 
         | * The seabed is international waters, not under the
         | jurisdiction of any country. I know UNCLOS does prescribe some
         | rules for deep-sea mining, but it wouldn't surprise me if some
         | of the ambitions for mining here were based off of being able
         | to dodge undesired (from the mining companies' perspective)
         | national rules around mining, such as taxes or environmental
         | regulations.
         | 
         | * The ocean floor is a lot more of a dead zone than anything
         | terrestrial. (That doesn't mean it's entirely dead). Again, I
         | suspect many are hoping that environmental destructiveness in
         | the seafloor goes much more unnoticed, because there's much
         | less love for preserving microscopic Archaea species than
         | fluffy birds or the like.
        
           | sp332 wrote:
           | It's true that it's in international waters, but there is an
           | International Seabed Authority that administers the area. We
           | can argue whether they should have allowed mining here, but
           | it's not a naked land grab.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipperton_Fracture_Zone
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | without research, my feeling is that it is not a fertile
           | place, but instead a resting place for foul substances and
           | toxins that settle. So the damage is not like a tank running
           | through a forest, rather it is more like stirring up a foul
           | soup
        
       | flohofwoe wrote:
       | I hope it's not just another cover story to get ahold of a sunken
       | Russian submarine this time ;)
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian
        
         | PLenz wrote:
         | Ha! I see our brains are in sync!
        
         | pjmorris wrote:
         | 'Blind Man's Bluff: The Untold Story Of American Submarine
         | Espionage', Sherry Sontag covers this story and a number of
         | others of similar ilk.
        
         | pelagic_sky wrote:
         | Fascinating read! Thanks for that link.
        
         | okprod wrote:
         | The aliens from The Abyss are actually back
        
         | LinuxBender wrote:
         | Or if it is a sub, let's get it out of there to reduce marine
         | pollution.
        
       | baryphonic wrote:
       | > Critics, including environmentalist David Attenborough, say
       | seabed mining is untested and has a largely unknown environmental
       | impact. Google, BMW, AB Volvo, and Samsung SDI have backed a call
       | for a moratorium on deep-sea mining. > > Dr Sandra Schoettner,
       | deep-sea biologist at Greenpeace, said: "Losing control of a
       | 25-tonne mining machine at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean should
       | sink the idea of ever mining the deep sea."
       | 
       | Sheesh, I guess these particular environment activists can never
       | allow anything new, since we don't know what impact it will have
       | and any failure of any part of a system, no matter how repairable
       | or minor, is _ipso facto_ proof that the project is a disaster.
       | This would be like completely writing off SpaceX after a Starship
       | tank rupture in a launchpad test.
       | 
       | The article seems to indicate that this project is being done
       | responsibly, with oversight and caution. Things will go wrong (as
       | they have), but this wasn't some sort of catastrophic failure
       | like Deepwater Horizon or something. I'm curious to see if they
       | can extract these minerals without doing widespread environmental
       | damage, and I think they should at least be given a chance to
       | prove it or not.
        
         | carapace wrote:
         | > I think they should at least be given a chance to prove it or
         | not.
         | 
         | Why? What happens if they are not given that chance?
         | 
         | I don't think there is any responsible way to mine the ocean.
         | Not when Musk's rockets are about to open the "Final Frontier"
         | for us. There is one (1) living planet in the entire known
         | universe. But there are plenty of rocks and minerals and metal
         | just floating around out there for the taking. No environment
         | to damage, eh? (Well, I mean, the rockets pollute a bit. But
         | overall they don't kill the oceans. That's the important bit.)
         | 
         | You have to realize that it's not "environmentalists vs FOO",
         | it's all of us vs. our own greed and stupidity.
         | 
         | "The Earth!? That's where I keep all my stuff!" ~ the Tick
        
           | xwolfi wrote:
           | But I'm sure the environment can adapt too. I mean, it's not
           | like anyone cared about preserving species and ecosystems
           | before we arrived, catastrophic events happened, population
           | of animales died and arose, for billions of years. Billions.
           | 
           | So we're the latest catastrophic event, big deal. The earth
           | will adapt as it always has and at least we can try to
           | discuss our impact, unlike an asteroid or a syberian forest
           | fire.
        
             | fghthidudhmbdi wrote:
             | Earth will only be habitable for less than 1 billion more
             | years. We do not have any evidence of abstractly
             | intelligent life forms outside of human beings. There is
             | not enough time left for another intellect to evolve.
             | 
             | Like it or not, if we do not successfully become a space-
             | faring species, all life known in the universe will be
             | wiped out.
        
               | noxer wrote:
               | >all life known in the universe will be wiped out.
               | 
               | Is that a problem for you?
               | 
               | And why would it not come to existence again somewhere
               | eventually?
               | 
               | Its interesting to think about such stuff but it really
               | should not have an impact on decisions we make today
               | because it just not possible to affect a so distant
               | future (thousands of years) in a meaning full way.
               | 
               | Just imagine humans 2000 years ago what could they have
               | possibly done that would have had a positive
               | environmental effect today. And that's just 2000 years
               | ago.
               | 
               | If you apply this to mining the see floor. Do you
               | seriously think that if we today decide that human should
               | not do this that it wont be done in 2000 years? I think
               | is far more likely it just pushed a little back in time
               | an insignificant little, maybe one human life maybe even
               | two who knows but in 4021 no one cares if it started in
               | the year 2021 or 2121 that's for sure.
               | 
               | Also if you want our species to become multi planetary
               | then the only logical thing to do is to use all resources
               | available achieve this as soon as possible. If we used up
               | the resources or have way more humans and no spear
               | resources no one is going to achieve it anymore.
        
           | moistbar wrote:
           | Humans are never going to destroy the environment, only
           | themselves.
        
         | nerdponx wrote:
         | My understanding is that marine ecosystems are interconnected
         | and can be surprisingly sensitive, and that we humans depend on
         | them mre than you'd think. It also makes sense to assume that
         | deep-sea mining is damaging and disruptive by default. It
         | therefore makes sense to be very very cautious about it.
         | 
         | That's as far as I can wrap my head around it. Maybe there are
         | people here with some expertise who can elaborate.
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | When have environmentalists ever been listened to?
        
           | emiliobumachar wrote:
           | Nuclear power had huge setbacks due to environmental concerns
           | accepted by a majority of the people. Also, the ban on
           | supersonic flights over noise pollution.
        
         | buran77 wrote:
         | > can never allow anything new, since we don't know what impact
         | it will have
         | 
         | When they say "we don't know the impact" it's on a range from
         | "pretty bad" to "disastrous". Mining _never_ had any kind of
         | net positive impact on the environment so it 's not a matter of
         | "hey, maybe we actually help the fish and wildlife by mining
         | here".
        
           | stuff4ben wrote:
           | Humans as a whole have never had net positive impact on the
           | environment either. Responsible deep-sea mining, with
           | oversight and regulations in place should be allowed. Until
           | we can determine the impact, I don't see why it should be
           | banned outright.
        
             | j-pb wrote:
             | That's not how safety regulation works, where the burden of
             | proof is on the potential offenders side.
             | 
             | We don't allow random chemicals as food additives and drugs
             | and recall them if they turn out to not be safe. We show
             | that they're save before we allow them on the market.
        
               | stuff4ben wrote:
               | Exactly! How else do you prove deep sea mining is safe
               | without trials like this?
        
               | j-pb wrote:
               | Ecological surveys. Disturbing a delicate ecosystem by
               | driving a roomba the size of a bulldozer through it is
               | one of those, "that's obviously gonna fuck things up",
               | things where you just need to look at prexisting
               | scientific data.
               | 
               | Much like the question: "is eating half a kilo of table
               | salt a viable cancer treatment?"
        
             | buran77 wrote:
             | > Until we can determine the impact, I don't see why it
             | should be banned outright.
             | 
             | Do you apply this philosophy in your life? If the risk was
             | for you to take on yourself would you think the same way?
             | Or only when the risk is to some far off people, in a far
             | off land, or some future generation?
        
               | stuff4ben wrote:
               | This makes no sense. We perform trials to gather data,
               | just like any scientist. That's what this is, not strip-
               | mining the sea-floor outright. If the trials proved that
               | this can be done in a responsible way, why not do it? But
               | instead you just want to ban it without gathering any
               | data at all.
        
               | buran77 wrote:
               | We've been mining for quite some time now. Have we ever
               | been able to do it without major negative impact on the
               | environment, at least in the easiest, most practiced of
               | conditions? Mining "in a responsible way" is like "clean
               | coal". It's a euphemism for something that still does a
               | lot of damage but fills some pockets enough to call it
               | whatever they want. The scientists are there just to
               | minimize that damage.
        
             | carapace wrote:
             | > Humans as a whole have never had net positive impact on
             | the environment either.
             | 
             | It's not written in stone. Check out the story of the Loess
             | plateu: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess_Plateau#Agricul
             | ture_and_...
             | 
             | We destroyed it (it looked like a Lunar landscape) and then
             | we regenerated it.
             | 
             | > Until we can determine the impact, I don't see why it
             | should be banned outright.
             | 
             | You're inverting the logic: you don't set fire to the house
             | and then "determine the impact" afterward.
             | 
             | Keep in mind that the cure for cancer isn't down there,
             | cheap fusion isn't down there, the fountain of youth isn't
             | down there. We don't really need those minerals, we just
             | want to make money. But the time when profit was more
             | important than living healthy oceans has passed, surely?
        
               | stuff4ben wrote:
               | > It's not written in stone. Check out the story of the
               | Loess plateu
               | 
               | Which is why I said "as a whole". You pointed out a
               | single example of when humans did a good thing for the
               | environment, but as a whole (meaning all humans for all
               | of history) we have had a net negative impact on the
               | planet.
               | 
               | Regarding determining the impact, you can't just outright
               | ban something without knowing the impact. Which is why
               | they're doing these trials. It's not wholesale strip-
               | mining the sea floor, it's a test of technology to see if
               | it can be done sustainably and with minimal negative
               | impact to the environment.
               | 
               | edit: formatting
        
               | carapace wrote:
               | > Which is why I said "as a whole". You pointed out a
               | single example of when humans did a good thing for the
               | environment, but as a whole (meaning all humans for all
               | of history) we have had a net negative impact on the
               | planet.
               | 
               | Fair enough. (I'm usually the one pointing that out in
               | these sorts of discussions. I just want to be clear that
               | we can go the other way and foster life instead of just
               | destroying it.)
               | 
               | > you can't just outright ban something without knowing
               | the impact.
               | 
               | Why not?
               | 
               | I mean, setting aside the argument that we already know
               | that the impact will be bad, let's pretend that the last
               | few centuries of examples haven't given us enough
               | information to make informed predictions about how bad
               | the "impact" will be.
               | 
               | What are the consequences if we just banned marine
               | mining?
               | 
               | - - - -
               | 
               | From my POV, you have to make the case that any mining on
               | Earth _at all_ makes economic sense, given that there is
               | only one living planet in the solar system, and there are
               | lots of things to mine in space (where there are no
               | living things, yet), and we have already heavily
               | "impacted" the existing global ecosystem with our mining
               | and agriculture.
               | 
               | Look, if we're going to get through all this and become a
               | successful space-faring species we have got to start
               | taking the long view, and value things properly.
        
               | stuff4ben wrote:
               | So you predicate your argument on economic feasibility
               | and then throw up "space mining"?!?! Not sure where to go
               | with that. But look, I do want to get there, but even
               | with all the Elon fanboi-ing in the world, we're not
               | gonna get there in our lifetimes. At least 75-100 years
               | out before it starts to make economic sense given current
               | technology and risk/reward.
               | 
               | So if the company behind the deep-sea mining robot didn't
               | think it was economically feasible, they wouldn't have
               | built it. Obviously it does make economic sense and the
               | best way to determine the ecologic impact is to do
               | trials. And I did mention earlier that government
               | regulation should also be in place. I don't see why this
               | is such a hard thing for people to grasp.
        
               | carapace wrote:
               | > So you predicate your argument on economic feasibility
               | and then throw up "space mining"?!?!
               | 
               | Absolutely. I'm a long-term thinker.
               | 
               | From the long-term perspective the living Earth is
               | incredibly valuable: the only source of _biomass_ in the
               | known Universe. In contrast, whatever minerals are down
               | there on the sea floor are as common as dirt in our local
               | neighborhood (Sol and its planets and asteroids, etc.)
               | 
               | It just doesn't make any sense to burn up our planet for
               | short-term gains.
               | 
               | What's the rush?
               | 
               | > I do want to get there, but even with all the Elon
               | fanboi-ing in the world, we're not gonna get there in our
               | lifetimes. At least 75-100 years out before it starts to
               | make economic sense given current technology and
               | risk/reward.
               | 
               | Okay, but doesn't that make it even more imperative that
               | we take good care of the Earth, since we can't yet leave?
               | 
               | > Obviously it does make economic sense...
               | 
               | Only in the short-term, and only if the consequences can
               | be ignored by the folks making money from it.
               | 
               | > the best way to determine the ecologic impact is to do
               | trials.
               | 
               | Strong disagree. Both on principle, and on practical
               | grounds. IANAOceanologist, but it seems to me that we
               | know there will be impacts. This is not a scientific
               | expedition, it's a prelude to destruction.
               | 
               | Oklahoma has earthquakes now. Is it due to fracking? We
               | don't actually know in any official or scientific sense.
               | How could we determine that they are a result of fracking
               | or not? The folks doing the fracking insist that it's not
               | them.
               | 
               | We know there are going to be impacts that affect the
               | entire planet. The question is "How bad would the
               | destruction be?" And the answer is "Don't destroy life
               | for money."
        
               | stuff4ben wrote:
               | Guess we'll have to agree to disagree. ALthough I do
               | agree with "Don't destroy life for money". Cheers, have a
               | great rest of your day!
        
               | moistbar wrote:
               | >We don't really need those minerals, we just want to
               | make money.
               | 
               | They're battery materials. Batteries are important to
               | ensuring the success of intermittent renewable energy
               | sources.
        
               | carapace wrote:
               | Batteries are not a great idea.
               | 
               | E.g. an electric car should use alcohol fuel and a small
               | generator rather than fancy batteries.
               | 
               | You can grow sugar crops, convert them to fuel
               | (reclaiming the non-fuel parts), and then use that to
               | power your infrastructure. It's carbon-neutral,
               | environmentally sound (waaaaaaay more than batteries),
               | and you can do it today. No sea mines required.
               | 
               | The only downside is that you have to live within your
               | solar power budget, but we have to do that anyway to
               | counter global warming (until cheap fusion becomes a
               | thing.)
               | 
               | Here's a video of Vaclav Smil at Driva Climate Investment
               | Meeting 2019 giving a talk called "Investing in a
               | changing climate - what we can learn from historic energy
               | transitions". https://youtu.be/gkj_91IJVBk The
               | presentation is IMO very interesting, and the conclusion
               | is sobering: "Only absolute cuts in energy use would
               | work." ( https://youtu.be/gkj_91IJVBk?t=2283 )
               | 
               | We are going to have to use less energy. We don't have to
               | endure lower QoL but we do have to achieve our Quality of
               | Life _more efficiently_.
        
               | moistbar wrote:
               | Electricity can come from whatever source you need.
               | You're not tied to a specific fuel with batteries like
               | you are with an ICE or would be with the
               | alcohol/generator system you proposed. You can charge a
               | Tesla off of an alcohol generator and have it drive the
               | same as if you charged it with a diesel or petrol
               | generator. The same can't be said about alcohol- or
               | petrol-powered vehicles.
               | 
               | Global catastrophe blocks out the sun? Fine, charge off
               | nuclear. Nuclear generators destroyed by war or
               | terrorism? Just use wind. The flexibility is what makes
               | electric cars superior, and being able to store energy is
               | what makes intermittent renewables like solar and wind
               | viable when it's not sunny or windy outside.
               | 
               | Most importantly, in a perfect world you'd only have to
               | make the battery once. Some means of recycling dendrite-
               | ridden lithium back into usable material would go an
               | exceptionally long way as well.
               | 
               | We gotta store excess power somewhere, though.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | >Mining never had any kind of net positive impact on the
           | environment.
           | 
           | The environment would be in much worse shape if
           | industrialization had been fueled with wood rather than coal.
           | 
           | Poisoning a few watersheds in Asia for lithium and cobalt is
           | far preferable to continued oil and coal extraction which
           | would poison orders of magnitude more
           | 
           | There's no good, just less bad and we don't know if undefined
           | impact sea mining is less bad or more bad than the status
           | quo.
           | 
           | I'm inclined to think it's probably worse per amount of
           | material moved than conventional mining but I suspect there
           | may be a few niches where productivity per amount of material
           | moved is sufficiently greater to have a lesser overall
           | impact.
        
             | buran77 wrote:
             | > Poisoning a few watersheds in Asia
             | 
             | There are plenty of ways to rationalize anything into
             | making it seem fine or even great, at least by comparison.
             | Just because it's framed in a binary manner where one
             | option is clearly the worst doesn't make the other option
             | _good_. It 's still a fallacy. Your cynicism might block
             | you from realizing that mining for coal instead of cutting
             | down trees doesn't make it "a net positive" for the
             | environment, just a lower net negative.
             | 
             | So I'm glad that we can agree on one thing though. Mining
             | never had any kind of net positive impact on the
             | environment.
        
             | logifail wrote:
             | > The environment would be in much worse shape if
             | industrialization had been fueled with wood rather than
             | coal
             | 
             | Wouldn't a wood-powered industrialization period have
             | incentivized the growing of trees?
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Wouldn't a wood-powered industrialization period have
               | incentivized the growing of trees?
               | 
               | A wood-powered industrialization would have led to mass
               | deforestation and then fallen over hard. (Or, more
               | likely, switched fuels.)
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | > (Or, more likely, switched fuels.)
               | 
               | That, in fact, occurred. Steel was produced using wood
               | charcoal for millennia, denuding huge swaths of forest,
               | which often became desert rather than growing back. Such
               | deserts can sometimes be reclaimed by careful
               | stewardship.
        
             | ratsforhorses wrote:
             | >Poisoning a few watersheds in Asia for lithium and cobalt
             | is far preferable to continued oil and coal extraction.
             | 
             | Seems very cynical and reductive..."a few watersheds"... if
             | one was to replace the ravenous need of workers for privacy
             | in new electric cars...seems like a lot of lithium...
             | here's hoping for fast development of solid state
             | batteries...
             | 
             | but also, isn't it often a case of cost as in how cheap
             | corporations can bilk poorer countries and their political
             | class of important resources...? higher prices/legislation
             | could be a way to force innovation to develop alternative
             | extraction methods...geothermal extraction
             | https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/geothermal-lithium-its-
             | extrac...
        
             | jgwil2 wrote:
             | > The environment would be in much worse shape if
             | industrialization had been fueled with wood rather than
             | coal.
             | 
             | No, there would have been no industrialization without
             | fossil fuels. The carbon density of wood is insufficient.
        
         | mienski wrote:
         | You're really going for the straw-man argument here I see,
         | there is a huge difference between launching a space ship and
         | creating a new way to mine the earth and destroy the
         | environment.
         | 
         | I understand that they have this little catch-all:
         | 
         | > GSR has said it will only apply for a mining contract if the
         | science shows deep seabed minerals have advantages, from an
         | environmental and social perspective, over relying solely on
         | land mining.
         | 
         | But I'm not going to hold my breath thinking that if they find
         | a rich-enough deposit of minerals - that they wont suddenly
         | discover enough "advantages" for the ocean to now be open to
         | the same decimation as land mining has seen for many years.
        
           | the-dude wrote:
           | This. And ocean is really scarce.
        
             | nitrogen wrote:
             | Our planet has way more ocean than land. In what way is
             | that scarce?
        
               | igetspam wrote:
               | I'll take the bait.
               | 
               | Planets that are capable of sustaining human life are
               | scarce. Putting aside the divisions on our maps, we have
               | a total of one ocean. Since we have exactly one planet to
               | live on and one ocean to sustain life, I'm gonna go ahead
               | and call that pretty scarce. There's a massive amount of
               | water but if we ruin that one ocean, I believe we all
               | die.
               | 
               | So now it's time for a judgement call: what is so
               | valuable at that depth that you're comfortable having
               | people poke holes in it hoping to determine the science
               | is good and worth the risk?
        
               | TheAdamAndChe wrote:
               | From a life sustaining perspective, the most important
               | thing the ocean does is absorb CO2 through oceanic
               | churning and phytoplankton. Some might say that the ocean
               | currents are important too because it transfers heat
               | between the north and south, but it has stopped before
               | and only caused greater temperature gradients, but life
               | was still sustained.
               | 
               | How would undersea mining put any of this at risk?
        
               | curryst wrote:
               | It's all hypothetical, but it's not unimaginable that
               | there are nasty things laying under the layers of ocean
               | snow. Either materials that could poison the ocean, or
               | forms of ancient bacteria that have been dormant (like
               | the anthrax in Siberia that used to be frozen under
               | permafrost).
               | 
               | It would be catastrophic if we released something that
               | could displace phytoplankton in the food chain, but
               | didn't absorb CO2.
               | 
               | It's also possible that those minerals are important to
               | some kind of natural process. I'm not a scientist, so I
               | don't know what that might be, but it's not unfathomable
               | that it's part of some bacterial lifecycle, and that
               | disrupting that bacterial lifecycle could have
               | implications for the rest of ocean life.
        
               | hackily wrote:
               | I'd be fairly concerned if undersea mining waste or
               | debris started killing off phytoplankton, perhaps by
               | disrupting any of the delicate cycles such as phosphorus,
               | or providing extra iron which may lead to runaway algal
               | blooms or such, and subsequent algal death and oxygen
               | shortage. Since the mining is so deep, we don't know if
               | these effects will stay localized, or if undersea
               | currents will dilute these effects, or anything.
               | 
               | It should be valid to question what harm there could be.
               | Nature is quite fragile, and we should know that,
               | especially seeing what harm industrial processes have had
               | on the atmosphere.
               | 
               | On the other hand, it's quite possible that undersea
               | mining may produce less harm than surface mining, where
               | waste gets dliuted far enough to have less impact. Maybe
               | similar to how salmon farming has to be done where
               | there's a strong enough current to dilute the waste.
        
               | the-dude wrote:
               | Well, there is only a couple of oceans.
        
             | xwolfi wrote:
             | After all, water is only 75% of Earth
        
               | sp332 wrote:
               | The _surface_ of the Earth.
               | https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/all-earths-water-a-
               | single-...
        
           | jozvolskyef wrote:
           | GP is a straw man only in the part where it quotes David
           | Attenborough because the quoted concerns weren't related to
           | this accident. The rest of their argument is valid as far as
           | I can tell - please correct me if I'm wrong.
           | 
           | Also, David Attenborough saying seabed mining is untested and
           | has a largely unknown environmental impact is not a great
           | argument either as it stands in the article. It would be
           | helpful if Reuters provided more context or a direct quote.
        
             | hluska wrote:
             | This study made the rounds in 2020 - Attenborough wrote a
             | forward and was heavily involved in the press:
             | 
             | https://cms.fauna-flora.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/2020/03/FFI_2...
        
             | baryphonic wrote:
             | I was quoting from the article. I didn't realize the quote
             | was out of context w/r/t this project. My apologies for
             | perpetuating it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dang wrote:
         | You broke the site guidelines and started a large flamewar with
         | this. That's seriously not cool. We don't want shallow,
         | predictable, nasty discussion here.
         | 
         | At a minimum, you broke these:
         | 
         | " _Don 't be snarky._"
         | 
         | " _Eschew flamebait._ "
         | 
         | " _Avoid generic tangents._ "
         | 
         | " _Please respond to the strongest plausible interpretation of
         | what someone says, not a weaker one that 's easier to
         | criticize. Assume good faith._"
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
         | 
         | Generic ideological tangents are particularly destructive here.
         | 
         | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&sor...
        
           | baryphonic wrote:
           | I'm very sorry that this happened, and was not at all my
           | intention. I had no idea that the post would be received the
           | way that it was. Usually, if I make a post that has an
           | extreme reaction like this one, I delete it shortly
           | thereafter, but failed to do so here.
           | 
           | While I can understand how my comment could be interpreted as
           | snark or possibly flamebait (despite neither being my
           | intention), I'm not sure I understand the "generic tangents"
           | or straw-manning claims. Can you help me understand which
           | parts of my post cross these boundaries so I can avoid them
           | in the future?
        
         | bigbillheck wrote:
         | > Things will go wrong (as they have), but this wasn't some
         | sort of catastrophic failure like Deepwater Horizon or
         | something
         | 
         | The thought is to stop this kind of thing before we get another
         | Deepwater Horizon (or Montara or Ixtoc or Bohai Bay or
         | Barataria Bay or so on), not after.
        
         | dsign wrote:
         | I can't wrap my head around environmentalists. If they really
         | _understand_ that anything we do perturbs the environment--and
         | it does--, why are they not openly advocating for evacuating
         | all humans from Earth as soon as possible and creating a full-
         | planet environmental reserve?
         | 
         | It's not like there is not enough matter in the solar system to
         | create our own lush ecosystems...
        
           | DanBC wrote:
           | We need manganese. We currently get that from open cast
           | mines. Those are pretty terrible, so we need to look at ways
           | of making them not awful, or at alternatives.
           | 
           | Deep sea mining doesn't really do much for either.
           | 
           | Nodules are never going to provide enough to meet demand, so
           | mining nodules doesn't get rid of open cast mining. We don't
           | know what the impact is of mining deep sea nodules, but it's
           | likely to be pretty bad.
           | 
           | If open cast mining had a history of attempting to fix the
           | mines (eg re-wilding) when they'd finished we could trust
           | them a bit more when they want to mine new untouched
           | wilderness. But they mostly don't have that history.
           | 
           | EDIT: for an example of the harm already caused:
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02242-y
        
             | horsawlarway wrote:
             | > Nodules are never going to provide enough to meet demand
             | 
             | My understanding was that this one area is estimated to
             | have more rare metals in these nodules than all land based
             | deposits combined.
        
           | FredPret wrote:
           | They think of humans as a plague. It's a weird form of self-
           | hatred. From a philosophical point of view, I wonder if this
           | stems from the idea of "original sin" in Christianity.
        
           | bigbillheck wrote:
           | > I can't wrap my head around environmentalists. If they
           | really understand that anything we do perturbs the
           | environment--and it does--, why are they not openly
           | advocating for
           | 
           | I think the reason you can't wrap your head around them is
           | because, with possibly a few individual exceptions, 'any
           | human effect on the environment at all' isn't actually what
           | they're opposed to.
        
           | QuadmasterXLII wrote:
           | Try to remember that today you live in a world shaped by
           | environmentalists: that's why there are currently some rivers
           | safe to swim in / not on fire, why the air isn't filled with
           | toxic levels of lead, why it's ok to go outside without
           | immediate sunburn
        
           | LeifCarrotson wrote:
           | An Iain Banks Culture Orbital is optimal, yes. But "perturbs"
           | is a weasel word. You can 'perturb' the environment without
           | destroying it, or you can 'perturb' it and leave a desolate
           | wasteland where nothing grows.
           | 
           | I'm hardly an environmentalist, but for a personal example,
           | my home happens to have a well for drinking water, a
           | perturbation of the environment that's perfectly sustainable,
           | we use less water from this well than the watershed on my
           | property restores to the aquifer. This is an acceptable
           | perturbation IMO. That well is contaminated with
           | polyfluoroalkyl substances from Scotchgard-treated leather
           | scraps. It was too expensive to dispose of them safely, so
           | Wolverine leather buried truckloads of the toxins in a local
           | swamp. This 'perturbed' the environment, turning the place
           | into a Superfund site, making the entire aquifer toxic for
           | decades to come, and should not have been done.
           | 
           | If underwater mining just makes a depression in the seafloor
           | with little other effects, that's probably an OK
           | perturbation. If it releases heavy metals into the water that
           | travel with the currents for miles and miles, killing much of
           | the wildlife, that's an unacceptable perturbation.
        
           | davidcbc wrote:
           | Because a "solution" like that is at best several hundred
           | years away and in the meantime we'd like to slow down the
           | current mass extinction event so that the life as we know it
           | on this planet can survive until then.
        
       | Jedd wrote:
       | Title should be as per article: 25-tonne. (metric unit,
       | equivalent to 25,000kg)
        
         | Symmetry wrote:
         | There's only a 10% difference between the two and given that
         | the the weight is rounded to 25 I'd be surprised if it wasn't
         | more than 10% off the true figure.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jhgb wrote:
         | Tons are metric, too (and the default in most of the world).
        
           | ehnto wrote:
           | I don't think it is. A ton is an imperial measurement that is
           | close to a metric tonne. A lot of places use the words ton
           | and tonne to mean a metric tonne, but an imperial ton is a
           | different amount if kilograms to a metric ton/tonne.
        
             | jhgb wrote:
             | "A ton" is a very vague word that can mean lots of things,
             | only one of them being the imperial ton. Some tons can't
             | even be converted to kilograms at all since they're units
             | of volume.
        
           | Jedd wrote:
           | In 'most of the world', especially the English-speaking /
           | metric-using parts, the word 'tonne' is used to clearly and
           | immediately make it clear we're using the metric unit for
           | 1000kg.
           | 
           | The article itself used the word 'tonne' as it was written by
           | / for people that use metric.
           | 
           | 'Ton' is a word with myriad meanings, none sensible.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We've fixed the title now. More at
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26984413.
        
       | PLenz wrote:
       | Flashing back to the Glomar Explorer/Project Azorian:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Azorian
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | The text makes it sound like a non-violent sort of event, like
       | someone forgot to insert a locking pin or something. As opposed
       | to something like unexpected external forces ripping it loose.
       | 
       |  _" On its final dive in the GSR area, a lifting point separated
       | and Patania II now stands on the seafloor,"_
       | 
       |  _" An operation to reconnect the lifting point begins this
       | evening and we will provide an update in due course."_
       | 
       | Also, a picture of it with people, so the scale is more clear:
       | https://www.deme-gsr.com/wp-content/uploads/coverfoto-gsr_pa...
        
         | nsbk wrote:
         | Seems like these freaking huge tracks will treat deep-sea coral
         | nicely
        
           | himinlomax wrote:
           | It's the size of a typical tank. This will do as much harm to
           | coral or whatever is down there as one (1) WW2 tank did to
           | the Black Forest.
           | 
           | Meanwhile, dissolved CO2 is killing coral on a global scale.
           | That seems like a very misplaced concern.
        
             | katamaritaco wrote:
             | The comparison to a WW2 tank in the Black Forest isn't
             | great though, because the environments live on different
             | timescales.
             | 
             | A forest can regrow and thrive after a few decades. The
             | same is _not_ true for the deep sea[1].
             | 
             | 'Life on the ocean floor moves at a glacial pace. Sediment
             | accumulates at a rate of 1 millimeter every millennium.
             | With such a slow rate of growth, areas disturbed by deep-
             | sea mining would be unlikely to recover on a reasonable
             | timescale.'
             | 
             | [1]: https://news.mit.edu/2019/understanding-impact-deep-
             | sea-mini...
        
               | seiferteric wrote:
               | Are they mining in sensitive areas? Isn't there an
               | equivalent of an underwater deserts with little
               | life/biodiversity? Not to diminish this idea, but the
               | ocean covers >70% of the earth so I would think this
               | could be done somewhere with relatively little impact,
               | but maybe I am wrong.
        
               | jascii wrote:
               | I'm not sure our knowledge of the ocean is sufficient at
               | this point to designate an area as "non sensitive".
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | This area with nothing in it sounds like the oil spill
               | "outside the environment" in the very excellent comedy
               | skit "The Front Fell Off". https://youtu.be/3m5qxZm_JqM
               | 
               | Edit: Linked to official channel. Thank you for the
               | correction.
        
               | mcfoobar wrote:
               | Might be nice to link to the official Clarke and Dawe
               | channel (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3m5qxZm_JqM )
               | rather than some knock off reupload. RIP John Clarke.
        
               | seiferteric wrote:
               | Not really. We already mine on land that covers only 30%
               | of earth, I would think that would have a much bigger
               | impact. Second, and oil spill spreads far and wide
               | contaminating a vast area. All I am saying is mining can
               | in theory be contained to a much smaller area.
        
       | joeblow21 wrote:
       | A 25 ton prototype....
        
       | pas wrote:
       | umm.. it's not lost, the current title is too clickbaity.
       | 
       | > "On its final dive in the GSR area, a lifting point separated
       | and Patania II now stands on the seafloor," a GSR spokesman said
       | in an emailed statement.
       | 
       | > A spokesman for GSR said the company has not lost control of
       | Patania II, and that projects like this always have challenges to
       | contend with.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Submitted title was "25tons seabed mining robot prototype was
         | lost at 4km depth in Pacific Ocean". That broke the site
         | guidelines: " _Please use the original title, unless it is
         | misleading or linkbait; don 't editorialize._"
         | 
         | Submitters: please don't do that. We eventually take submission
         | privileges away from accounts that do.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
       | TedShiller wrote:
       | This machine totally destroys the ocean floor. Environmental
       | destruction.
        
         | dillondoyle wrote:
         | Is it more destructive than Cobalt mining elsewhere? What about
         | when taking account developing nation violence?
         | 
         | At least from the photo it doesn't look like they are dredging
         | fish reefs.
         | 
         | Though I don't trust the behavior of these corporations &
         | developing nations use loose or non-existent maritime
         | regulations to scoop up, net, and kill more fish than we can
         | sustain and just completely wreck the last untouched
         | environments we have.
        
       | gertrunde wrote:
       | "lost" may be overstating things a bit.
       | 
       | It appears that the tether became disconnected, and they're
       | working to reconnect it.
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | I daydream that an undersea civilization resented the pillaging
       | of their entire ecosystem and attacked the mining robot in self-
       | defense.
       | 
       | But no, probably just a mechanical failure. Soon they'll be back
       | to sterilizing the ocean bottom. Sigh.
        
         | 542458 wrote:
         | Edit: ignore this post, I was wrong.
         | 
         | > Thirty years on, the test that Thiel and a colleague devised
         | is still the largest experiment ever on the potential impacts
         | of commercial deep-sea mining. Called DISCOL, the simple trial
         | involved raking the centre of a roughly 11-square-kilometre
         | plot in the Pacific Ocean with an 8-metre-wide implement called
         | a plough harrow. The simulated mining created a plume of
         | disturbed sediment that rained down and buried most of the
         | study area, smothering creatures on the sea floor. The test
         | revealed that the impacts of sea-bed mining reached further
         | than anyone had imagined, but it did not actually extract any
         | rocks from the sea bed, which itself would have destroyed even
         | more marine life.
         | 
         | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02242-y
        
           | JoeAltmaier wrote:
           | This is probably one of the most fragile, delicate ecosystems
           | on the planet. It could take 100 or 1000 years to recover
           | from the sterilization.
           | 
           | Low-impact? We have very different definitions for that
           | phrase.
        
             | j-pb wrote:
             | Reminds me of that TNG episode where they try to terraform
             | a planet inhabited by sentient crystals, ignorant of the
             | delicate and mousy life already present.
        
         | Jiocus wrote:
         | > I daydream that an undersea civilization resented the
         | pillaging of their entire ecosystem and attacked the mining
         | robot in self-defense.
         | 
         | That might be the claustrophobic plot of _Underwater (2020)_.
         | Deep-sea mining operations in the Mariana Trench.
        
           | throw_away wrote:
           | Also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Laundry_Files#The_Jenn
           | ifer...
        
       | jimnotgym wrote:
       | This is not evoking the same kind of drama as the Chillian mining
       | disaster, is it?
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | jbk8210 wrote:
       | I'd suppose there might also be increased interest in mining
       | areas near black smokers and other geologically and biologically
       | active regions of the seabed.
        
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       (page generated 2021-04-29 23:01 UTC)