[HN Gopher] Ask HN: How do you organize your knowledge?
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       Ask HN: How do you organize your knowledge?
        
       Methods and systems for grasping, understanding, and making sense
       of any general knowledge or information.
        
       Author : rxsel
       Score  : 77 points
       Date   : 2021-04-25 19:34 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
       | softwaredoug wrote:
       | I blog about it.
       | 
       | Writing helps structure and encode information in my mind
       | 
       | If I forget it, it's on google, and I often land back at my old
       | posts that I reread.
       | 
       | It might also help other people, but really future me (and
       | possibly close colleagues) are the primary audience.
        
       | jll29 wrote:
       | After trying out various ways, online and offline (including
       | studying Luhmann's famous "Zettelkasten" http://ds.ub.uni-
       | bielefeld.de/viewer/image/ZL1A1001/1/#topDo...), and the one that
       | I stuck with is using plain text files.
       | 
       | One's knowledge is too valuable and important to entrust it to a
       | particular binary format that can soon no longer be read. Plain
       | text is durable, portable, easy to process using UNIX command
       | line tools, it can be full-text indexed with a reasonable
       | overhead. It can be version controlled easier than binary formats
       | or formats with heavy markup.
       | 
       | I often summarize scientific articles, write down new ideas or
       | need to preserve how I did something (run a system, install a
       | tool) for later replay, and plain text is great for that for the
       | most part. Occasionally, I used LaTeX commands e.g. for embedded
       | $ maths $ or #hastags to tie together files by topic for
       | indexing.
       | 
       | Importantly, my workflow is OS independent (I mostly use Linux
       | and occasionally MacOS X/iOS) and editor agnostic (I use Sublime
       | and Emacs).
       | 
       | I would very much like to hear from others how they address their
       | KM needs.
        
         | ImaCake wrote:
         | Why not use markdown instead instead of .txt? All good editors
         | (including vim etc) have great support for markdown and you get
         | plenty of great simple features without much crap getting in
         | the way.
        
         | moasda wrote:
         | Very interesting, I also tried several approaches and came
         | finally to text files. For me the most important feature are
         | full text search and some kind of formatting, including basic
         | support for images.
         | 
         | As I couldn`t find a good tool I wrote my own Wiki server - 13
         | years ago and still using it every day: https://moasdawiki.net/
        
       | devinhn wrote:
       | I see two sides of this. There's information collection and
       | knowledge keeping.
       | 
       | The information collection: When I'm learning new things and
       | sorting by what is interesting I simple bookmark a lot of stuff.
       | It could be a blog post, a research paper, a book recommendation
       | etc. All this is raw information until I take the time to consume
       | it and digest it. Here I use https://lxi.ai/ (disclaimer: I built
       | this) to keep my bookmarks organized with a lil ML.
       | 
       | The knowledge keeping: While I consume/digest I take notes in
       | obsidian. I like working in markdown and having everything stored
       | locally is something that keeps me comfortable. The real key here
       | is putting in the time and actually merging what I am learning
       | with what I already have in my obsidian "second brain".
        
       | vlfig wrote:
       | Obsidian + GitJournal + NeuraCache.
       | 
       | No-cloud (except for git, could be self hosted), local-first,
       | plain data formats solution for note taking, knowledge
       | organisation, text production and spaced repetition.
        
       | gofreddygo wrote:
       | Plain text. I keep metadata embedded in the content of each file.
       | I keep only one k:v pair per line. e.g                   "topic:
       | D3",            "subject: scales",         "context: Side
       | Project"
       | 
       | Use grep and awk to slice, group, dice and join as and how I
       | want.
       | 
       | Incredibly flexible, a bash-like shell is my only dependency.
       | Works with any search engine that i've tried. Easily replacable
       | parts. Check into git regularly.
        
       | lolive wrote:
       | Obsidian was the mind opener for me. Simple to use. Backuped on
       | Dropbox on my various machines, it is my ubiquitous personal
       | knowledge base. The fact that you can copy/paste HTML from web
       | pages into it makes me rebuild knowledge I get from the internet
       | into my own version. Really really a fundamental tool for me. The
       | Vi of knowledge.
       | 
       | PS: I don't know the other tools (notion, roam,...) PPS: a big
       | downside in Obsidian, in my humble opinion, is publishing that
       | knowledge on the web. Probably a static CMS on top of the .md
       | file generated with Obsidian can do the trick. But it is a
       | tedious step that I never had/wanted to investigate.
        
         | rasulkireev wrote:
         | The is the Obsidian Publish service exactly for that usecase.
         | (https://obsidian.md/publish), although it is paid. I'm sure
         | there will be soon, if not already, an open source extension
         | that allows you to do that.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | What about that post just earlier today for HTML-izing .md
         | files in addition to turning them into presentation slides
        
       | breck wrote:
       | I use spreadsheets and custom 2D dsls. I get the best of tabular
       | and tree structures. The latest iterations aren't live yet, but
       | there's a lot of stuff on treenotation.org which is the
       | foundation of what I use.
       | 
       | I consider it like a tool for clear thinking. There's no
       | punctuation or noise, pure signal. I build DSLs and then
       | spreadsheets in those DSLs. Both the data and grammars are in 2D
       | Lang's. There's no quotes, brackets, patents, etc. Everything is
       | strongly typed (eventually, in practice I start with a lot of
       | "any" fields and iterate on the ontologies as my knowledge of a
       | domain grows).
       | 
       | Everything is backed by git.
       | 
       | I do a lot of visual modeling lately with my remarkable 2 eink
       | tablet.
        
       | qcardona wrote:
       | I used to use Evernote for bookmarking and note taking but
       | honestly, lately it's getting clunky and I'm switching to Google
       | Keep.
        
       | herdrick wrote:
       | Everything starts in my emacs scratch buffer (the default file
       | opened upon startup), which is an org-mode file, and when some
       | category of stuff gets big I move it into its own file in
       | Dropbox. The content is just links and written-out thoughts and
       | questions.
        
       | andthat wrote:
       | After what I suppose has been 15 years of searching, I have
       | settled on the Zettelkasten method using Doom Emacs (Vim-like
       | keybindings) with org-mode and org-roam
       | (https://www.orgroam.com). I struggle to think of anything that
       | could beat it.
        
       | gman83 wrote:
       | I use Google Docs. I actually use it in combination with this
       | tool: https://spaceli.io/
       | 
       | Then I use this Custom New Tab URL extension to turn my new tab
       | page to Spaceli:
       | https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/custom-new-tab-url...
        
       | immnn wrote:
       | Just by remembering things. If I can't remember it, it's none
       | sense.
       | 
       | For a solid understanding and remembering, I'm applying the
       | knowledge by setting up a personal side project.
       | 
       | I furthermore push all my side project to a private git repo and
       | if I really need to look up things, I always know on what project
       | I need to look at.
        
       | zeeshanqureshi wrote:
       | If you're someone who thinks & processes information mainly in
       | the form of Stories & Metaphors, then organization (and recall)
       | becomes organic/natural.
       | 
       | Also on a side note, we must all be wary of epistemophilia!
        
       | throwaway823882 wrote:
       | Make a list, work through it, throw out the list, make a new
       | list.
        
       | 0xb0565e486 wrote:
       | I rarely find anything that's worth the time to write down and
       | organize.
       | 
       | I use the mac OS/iOS notes app to keep track of short lived
       | information that I don't want to forget.
        
       | schappim wrote:
       | I use a custom Rails app inspirted by Stephen Wolfram's Post:
       | "Seeking the Productive Life: Some Details of My Personal
       | Infrastructure" [1].
       | 
       | It looks like this [2] (#000000 black interface for mobile due to
       | OLED display).
       | 
       | It changes context depending on time of day and device used. Eg.
       | before working showing me the info I need about the kids [3].
       | 
       | [1] https://writings.stephenwolfram.com/2019/02/seeking-the-
       | prod...
       | 
       | [2] https://files.littlebird.com.au/Shared-
       | Image-2021-04-26-07-5...
       | 
       | [3] https://files.littlebird.com.au/Shared-
       | Image-2021-04-26-08-0...
        
         | bitcoinmoney wrote:
         | How can I use this?
        
           | schappim wrote:
           | Hit me up on the email address in my HN profile
        
       | eMGm4D0zgUAVXc7 wrote:
       | Try Anki, a spaced repetition flashcard software:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anki_(software)
       | 
       | It is intended for memorizing things, but the fact that it forces
       | you to divide knowledge into pieces small enough to fit on a
       | flash card also helps to organize it.
       | 
       | And you can have different card stacks in Anki, so there also is
       | categorization of knowledge.
       | 
       | Cf. the "Zettelkasten", a physical flashcard system which is
       | actually intended at organization, not memorization:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zettelkasten
       | 
       | Anki can be used to emulate that digitally.
        
       | symkat wrote:
       | I've used personal wikis and knowledge bases for myself and they
       | work okay. vimwiki has been useful for me.
       | 
       | I find that I do some pretty cool stuff and then totally forget
       | how I did it a year or 5 years later, mostly with coding. The
       | open source projects I documented and explained are things I
       | myself google to help me set them up in the future, so a way of
       | codifying my knowledge has been to try to write about it and put
       | that in public.
       | 
       | I set up development environments for myself a lot, so I wrote an
       | article about how I do it https://modfoss.com/creating-my-
       | development-environment.html and then put the code on GitHub as
       | well https://github.com/symkat/modfoss_devel So if I don't do it
       | for a while, I'll have a starting point and me-from-the-past
       | explaining what I did and why.
        
         | hashkb wrote:
         | I also use vimwiki extensively. It's always at hand.
        
       | ImaCake wrote:
       | I have recently transitioned from wet lab biology to knowledge
       | work. Something I brought with me through the transition was the
       | keeping of dated physical notes with a digital todo list (also
       | with dates). I find being able to scribble the physical graph I
       | want to make, a vague table, or just some comments or math from a
       | research paper really helps. The digital todo list helps me find
       | old notes as dates effectively act as relative page numbers and
       | all that is needed is a ctrl+F and then a bit of a flick through
       | pages.
       | 
       | I personally don't have the discipline to organise my digital
       | notes post-hoc, so I focus on just making notes using markdown
       | files and sticking them _somewhere_ in my onedrive so I can find
       | them later. I do have a notes folder, but there is stuff that has
       | found its way elsewhere. Thankfully searching markdown files is
       | very easy.
        
       | drenvuk wrote:
       | I used to use trillium notes (which is really good) for GTD and
       | idea mapping for a few months but stopped. I just use a big three
       | ring binder with some five star hard to rip paper now with some
       | plastic sticky tabs for categories and write down things that are
       | important. The barrier to taking down and recalling info is both
       | low and high enough in just the right way that I remember things
       | I want to remember and can recall important enough forgotten
       | things by referring to my notebook. I just reference other ideas
       | by category and some other detailing info and flip through until
       | I find what i'm looking for.
       | 
       | Digital notes are good for a lot of people and a lot of
       | situations but not for my long term very general knowledge based
       | tasks. For specific commands/documentation/syntax/techniques yeah
       | digital notes are nice. For Brain storming, and connecting ideas
       | though? I fully believe paper works best. It's more flexible.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | Plus it is known that when you write things down with ink and
         | paper, your recall tends to be higher. That doesnt mean its
         | perfect for everyone, but a larger than just an average amount
         | of people.
         | 
         | I like your idea - what ever happened to that e-ink note pad
         | one could write on and it saves a digital copy?
        
           | symkat wrote:
           | >> I like your idea - what ever happened to that e-ink note
           | pad one could write on and it saves a digital copy?
           | 
           | Probably https://remarkable.com/
        
       | nikivi wrote:
       | Have it in some markdown files:
       | https://github.com/nikitavoloboev/knowledge
        
       | walterbell wrote:
       | mind maps, memory palace, vision boards, note taking systems
       | where a single item can be embedded in multiple places within a
       | hierarchy.
        
       | ammar_x wrote:
       | I have folders (and sub-folders for different categories I'm
       | interested in. Inside each folder, there are text files, markdown
       | files, PDFs, etc. about that category. I mostly use text files to
       | write my notes from books, lectures, articles, etc.
       | 
       | For memorizing things, I use Anki which looks old but it's great.
       | Every day, I spend a few minutes on it reviewing things I learned
       | before and wanted to engrave it in my memory.
       | 
       | I'd suggest an interesting related interview (not mine): How to
       | Make Yourself Into a Learning Machine
       | (https://every.to/superorganizers/how-to-build-a-learning-mac...)
        
       | sharikone wrote:
       | It's Joplin for me and a LibreOffice spreadsheet for tabular
       | knowledge.
       | 
       | Joplin is opensource and uses Markdown files. Syncs with WebDAV.
       | It's the best I found till now.
       | 
       | LibreOffice is for tables since Markdown sucks for them
        
       | dmje wrote:
       | GDrive, Synology, Trello but at the heart of it all, Dokuwiki.
       | Man, that thing rocks, all MD, all exportable into whatever
       | format I want, my own theme, backend backup however I want,
       | links, media, nesting, tags. It's ace, and doesn't get nearly
       | enough air time IMO
        
       | herbertl wrote:
       | Physical 4x6 index cards (organized with the zettelkasten method
       | --https://zettelkasten.de/posts/overview/) and corresponding
       | digital version in Notion
        
       | timmit wrote:
       | Joplin notebook for personal knowledge
       | 
       | Tiddlywiki for a public knowledge base
        
       | tmhrtly wrote:
       | You could do a lot worse than read about the concept of a
       | Zettelkasten or Commonplace book. Here's my notes on the two. I
       | am currently using the app Bear to take notes on everything and
       | anything, tagging as I go, and trying my best to link notes to
       | other meaningful notes. Less formal than a Zettelkasten but more
       | digital than your average commonplace book.
       | 
       | 1. Commonplace Book This is a book of thoughts, findings and
       | general collections of information captured throughout your life
       | and brought together into one place. [How And Why To Keep A
       | "Commonplace Book" | Thought
       | Catalog](https://thoughtcatalog.com/ryan-holiday/2013/08/how-and-
       | why-...) [Commonplace Books Part 3: Choosing a System -
       | GeekDad](https://geekdad.com/2020/03/commonplace-books-
       | part-3-choosin...)
       | 
       | 2. Zettelkasten
       | 
       | A different concept, but also with relevance to storing
       | information for a lifetime. From my brief readings, there's more
       | emphasis placed on two stages of note. The first is a quick jot -
       | an addition. The second is a more thought out, self-contained
       | existence of the note. There's also focus placed here on
       | _linking_ notes together.
       | 
       | A good example of someone's Zettelkasten is [[Andy Matuschak's
       | Note Collection]]:
       | https://notes.andymatuschak.org/About_these_notes?stackedNot...
       | 
       | [Zettelkasten -
       | Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zettelkasten) [Bear App:
       | A Solid Zettelkasten Solution for iOS Users -- Mental
       | Pivot](https://mentalpivot.com/bear-app-a-solid-zettelkasten-
       | soluti...)
        
       | hkt wrote:
       | Nextcloud Notes.
       | 
       | It syncs my notes to a cloud UI, my phone, laptops etc. Also
       | provides for good search, and the notes are in markdown format so
       | very portable. There are some limitations (no real way to link
       | between notes) but I don't notice them or do the kind of writing
       | which requires such things really.
        
       | great_reversal wrote:
       | For overall memory, I generally just remember things instead of
       | using all these fancy apps. Sometimes I'll make some notes in
       | Typora (clean .md editor), but more often than not, I'll never
       | revisit the file.
       | 
       | I'm a visual learner, so its really easy for me to recall past
       | snapshots (static, not like a video) from my life, or how certain
       | things looked at a point in time. It's not quite an identical
       | memory, but it's not too far off either. Maps are a breeze, and
       | even complex tunnel systems like the PATH in Toronto are easy to
       | navigate.
       | 
       | For learning, it helps if you just throw yourself into it. Take 5
       | minutes and try to work at the concept. Usually this will turn
       | into 30-60 minutes. I learned Kubernetes and AWS EKS this way.
       | 
       | For problem solving, I'll make some notes for brainstorming, todo
       | lists, and any questions I have. Then when I go for my daily walk
       | (~15km/2hrs), I reflect on the abstractions again (from memory)
       | and try to refactor what doesn't seem perfect.
       | 
       | I do have a mind palace set up, but I don't really use it.
        
         | jonsen wrote:
         | Beware you young men with fresh brains. Brains can and do get
         | worn. I could say almost exactly your words about my younger
         | self, but not anymore. Now I suffer badly from never having
         | learned and trained a good note system. Get your external
         | memory configured and operational in due time.
        
       | juke_mills wrote:
       | I try to do mind maps sometimes, but on day to day basis when
       | reading articles to save for later, Google keep with relevant
       | tags. But before that, always define whether the information you
       | capture is useful or volatile. If useful, is it today, next week
       | or someday? Someday is probably never ;-)
        
       | d0mine wrote:
       | If it is likely to be reused, put it in the most public place
       | possible (where you usually search). Otherwise just learn it from
       | scratch.
        
       | someguy101010 wrote:
       | org-roam + anki ripgrep for search
        
       | MuffinFlavored wrote:
       | I had a friend who was obsessed with https://roamresearch.com/
       | 
       | Something about like... a syntax similar to Markdown that is
       | [[deep-linkable]] or something that allows you to... create
       | really deeply nested queries (almost like a GraphQL vibe) to
       | finds things that are "loosely/tangentially related"
       | 
       | Something like... if you were to go to Wikipedia and play that
       | game where you start on one page (a kind of bird) and try to get
       | to a different page that is 50-60 deep/nested links away (a World
       | War II event or something).
       | 
       | I personally am not a big note taker, but boy oh boy do some seem
       | obsessed with special note-taking syntaxes/apps.
        
       | ArtWomb wrote:
       | Just signed up for an invite to mem.ai - a kind of personal
       | knowledge graph that looks to be swelling in popularity
       | 
       | What I would love is a way to index & search ALL my digital
       | assets: audio, video, images, docs, urls, code and binaries
       | 
       | And it would help if I could use a query syntax to create custom
       | time ranges
       | 
       | Recently noticed Weezer frontman Rivers Cuomo taught himself
       | Python via Harvard's CS50 to organize his music demos dating back
       | decades!
       | 
       | And I've come to realize virtually every one could use such a
       | personal digital archive interface ;)
       | 
       | https://techcrunch.com/2020/11/25/rock-star-programmer-river...
        
       | _____bee wrote:
       | Moved from Evernote to OneNote, and thinking of moving to Notion
       | (https://www.notion.so)
        
         | shesto wrote:
         | Notin is the best tool, prsonally use it every time when learn
         | something new - all reccomendations !
        
       | wdencker wrote:
       | There's a ton of different note taking methods, as you can tell
       | by the variety of responses here. People will evangelize one
       | method as being superior to another, but I think you just have to
       | try them out and see what works best for you.
       | 
       | IMO, a prior question to understanding the information we consume
       | is deciding _what_ information to consume. There 's an
       | essentially infinite amount of content out there, but we have a
       | finite amount of time to learn. The strategy we usually employ is
       | random and mindless--we consume whatever happens to show up in
       | our HN or Twitter feeds. But I think there's a real value in
       | thoughtfully curating the knowledge we take in, which is why I
       | built Trove [1,2].
       | 
       | I'm curious to hear, how does everyone else here optimize their
       | information diet (if at all)?
       | 
       | [1] https://trove.to/
       | 
       | [2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26582658
        
       | all2 wrote:
       | I use the GTD method (or a variation of it).
       | 
       | Information capture happens in a variety of media and goes into a
       | physical or digital "inbox". I have both kinds because sometimes
       | I take a note with pen and paper, or I have business card, or I
       | have my cellphone and I can take a picture.
       | 
       | My inbox includes the "pictures" and "downloads" folders on all
       | of my devices. I link my devices together using SyncThing.
       | 
       | Then I have an org-mode file I keep my projects, someday-maybe's,
       | and project archives in. My reference "file" is a 1/2Tb drive
       | split into folders. My file organization is pretty flat right
       | now, so at the top level I have "school" and "recipes" and "day
       | trips", etc.
       | 
       | This is an utter cludge, but it does most of what I need it to.
       | I've actually adapted it some to use at work and that has allowed
       | my to stay very organized with work projects.
        
       | bhussai20 wrote:
       | I crack open a book about the topic (usually from manning
       | publishing). Self-document my learnings in the form of tree-
       | structured bullet-point notes. Usually in a git book space.
       | 
       | I can always revisit the notes to quickly refresh myself on the
       | topic (if a context-switch happens later down the line, or if the
       | topic is not related to my day2day work).
       | 
       | I've successfully used this approach to onboard myself for a
       | Spring project (known to have a steep learning curve). It was my
       | second time using Spring, with an 8 month time separation. The
       | ramp-up/refresh took about a week.
       | 
       | There were also some positive unintentional side-effects of my
       | approach. I keep my gitbook notes public. I found that making my
       | notes public ended up helping others on other teams in my
       | company. Specifically, more experienced Spring devs who were new
       | to Webflux were able to use my notes to jump right into a
       | client's code base.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | gmays wrote:
       | I've been really happy with Notion (https://www.notion.so). I use
       | standard pages with subcategories for personal notes/knowledge.
       | 
       | I wanted to go deeper for my company, so I bought the Notion
       | system called Bulletproof workspace
       | (https://www.notion.vip/bulletproof/) in December after er doing.
       | ton of research, but found it a bit overkill. In retrospect, I
       | think it was just my newness to Notion that made it seem so.
       | 
       | However, once we reached a certain point where we were
       | overwhelmed and completely unorganized. I finally invested the
       | time to learn how to use Notion and Bulletproof Workspace and it
       | was amazing, now I use it for everything from onboarding, to
       | brainstorming, to-do's, etc. It's quite impressive.
       | 
       | I highly recommend checking them out if you're looking to get
       | organized. The flexibility is what really made it work for me
       | since it works for everything. It's nice just to have 1 tool.
        
       | adverbly wrote:
       | I keep a git repository with mostly markdown files. Its secure,
       | searchable, free, updatable and retrievable anywhere. I can edit
       | it easily with my favorite text editor of the day. I can also
       | include other file types.
       | 
       | Knowledge itself I keep written in markdown files. I keep
       | folders, multiple files, and headings within files to organize
       | and group things by topic. Everything is in unordered bullet
       | points. The bullet points can be nested as well.
       | 
       | Indentation from nested bullets, plus the syntax highlighting for
       | headers gives visual indication of where related material is
       | located.
        
       | jpeter wrote:
       | Joplin https://joplinapp.org/ Free, open-source, markdown, cloud
       | sync, encryption, good mobile app
        
       | w4rh4wk5 wrote:
       | A per project markdown file that usually lives somewhere inside
       | /doc, called dev-note.md (pun intended). It is handled append
       | only and therefore quite messy, but grep is your friend.
        
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       (page generated 2021-04-25 23:02 UTC)