[HN Gopher] Amtrak's 2035 map has people talking about the futur...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Amtrak's 2035 map has people talking about the future of U.S. train
       travel
        
       Author : Tomte
       Score  : 246 points
       Date   : 2021-04-25 11:59 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.npr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.npr.org)
        
       | crazypython wrote:
       | I hope Amtrak is capable of using these funds in a non-corrupt
       | way.
        
       | richwater wrote:
       | Train travel in the US is just too inefficient compared to
       | aviation. It will never be competitive for cross-country travel.
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | (BTW can anyone tell me how to use markdown in HN?)
       | 
       | I read through part of the discussion but can someone enlightens
       | me does it make sense to build high speed railway in the States?
       | Every piece of reply tells me that cost is going to be
       | prohibitive and it's not going to be faster than taking
       | airplanes.
       | 
       | Back in China it does make a lot more sense to have trains
       | connecting each city, because:
       | 
       | - Each city, even the 3rd and 4th tier ones have a lot of people
       | and they move around to get jobs and others.
       | 
       | - Average car owned by family is still low even for first tier
       | cities.
       | 
       | - It's common for airplanes to be late
       | 
       | But I don't really see these kinds of things for the States.
        
         | schoen wrote:
         | > (BTW can anyone tell me how to use markdown in HN?)
         | 
         | It's mostly not supported. The only formatting I know of is
         | asterisks for _italics_ , and leading spaces for
         | fixed-width quotes.
        
         | marcusverus wrote:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/formatdoc
        
       | ggreer wrote:
       | This proposal seems totally disconnected from reality.
       | 
       | First, Amtrak is not a competitive transportation option. It can
       | be a fun novelty, but it's expensive and slow. Going from
       | Portland to Oakland is supposed to take 18 hours but actually
       | took 20 when I rode it. The same trip in a car takes 10 hours. By
       | plane is 90 minutes. It gets worse: Amtrak cost me more than a
       | plane ticket to the same destination.
       | 
       | Second, hundreds of billions of dollars doesn't get you much
       | train in the US. California tried to build a high speed rail
       | route between SF and LA. The estimated completion cost has
       | skyrocketed to $100 billion and the completion date is 25 years
       | after voters approved the project. The state has since given up
       | on connecting LA & SF by high speed rail.
       | 
       | There is simply no future in which passenger rail competes with
       | air travel in the US. Even in circumstances where the distances
       | are not too great, and the political and bureaucratic hurdles
       | are.
        
         | regextegrity wrote:
         | The job of government is to provide services for it's people,
         | it doesn't have to be competitive, just useful.
        
         | Dopameaner wrote:
         | Tbh, AMTRAK needs to find its target audience. Right now, work
         | transportation has been a huge thorn for everyone involved. It
         | would be such a boon to commute living from LA to sf for work.
        
         | jlarocco wrote:
         | The irony is that some parts of the United States had great
         | rail connections in the past, and they were torn up to make way
         | for roads.
         | 
         | The front range of Colorado, for example, had trains everywhere
         | in the late 1800s. It was _the_ way to get between Denver,
         | Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Boulder, Golden, and other cities on
         | the front range.
         | 
         | Now they're trying to build a rail link between Denver and
         | Boulder, and it's costing a fortune and running into all kinds
         | of NIMBYism and bureaucracy.
         | 
         | I'd love to see it, but the way it's going I'm skeptical it
         | will ever beat out the RTD buses.
        
         | adventured wrote:
         | > Second, hundreds of billions of dollars doesn't get you much
         | train in the US. California tried to build a high speed rail
         | route between SF and LA.
         | 
         | It does, just not in hyper regressive California.
         | 
         | You could build a full high-speed rail network between Dallas,
         | Houston, Austin and San Antonio for $100-$150 billion.
         | 
         | You just can't build much of anything in California, period,
         | that's the issue. It's a collapsing state in most metrics that
         | matter for quality of life (and has been for a long time), even
         | the venture capitalists can't abandon the state fast enough. As
         | their capital flees, so goes what remains of California (tech).
         | As taxes go far higher this decade, the flight will get worse,
         | Texas and Florida will keep extracting immense value out of
         | California and New York.
        
         | brudgers wrote:
         | At the scale of the US, passenger rail is disconnected from
         | geography. Look at the map and locate Salt Lake City. It sits
         | in the endorheic watershed known as the Great Basin. It is the
         | only metro area of more than a million people in the Basin. The
         | Great Basin is about the size of France.
         | 
         | From Salt Lake City heading west the first metro of more than
         | one million is Sacramento a thousand kilometers away. In
         | between is nothing but mountain ranges running north south. The
         | little ones only nerds and locals can name. The big one, the
         | Sierra Nevada, which most Americans will vaguely allude to as
         | "the Rockies." Despite the Rockies being five hundred
         | kilometers to the east of Salt Lake City.
         | 
         | Even further on the other side of the Rockies sits Denver 800
         | km away. It's the closest million plus metro to the east of
         | Salt Lake. Again across north south mountain ranges.
         | 
         | That's 1800 km of mountain traversing rail line that only
         | serves Salt Lake City. And it's still almost that far - 1600 km
         | - to Chicago...and a mere 1200 km to New York City.
         | 
         | The US is vast. Europeans don't have practical rail from
         | Helsinki to Athens. Or Berlin to Baku. Both significantly
         | shorter than NYC to San Francisco.
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | This only applies from the Midwest to the West Coast. There's
           | no geographical reason the Northeast (and parts of the South)
           | should not be densely connected with intercity rail.
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | The OP just gave an example of Portland to Oakland which
             | took 20 hours. That's still mid-north pacific.
        
             | brudgers wrote:
             | I agree in theory. In practice, national rail has to pass
             | the Senate where Wyoming, Alaska, Montana, Hawaii, and the
             | Dakotas are twelve percent of the votes. Throw in all the
             | places you are leaving out and you're close to half the of
             | it.
             | 
             | National passenger rail isn't politically viable in the US
             | because passenger rail is an absurd approach in most of the
             | US.
             | 
             | The west and the midwest are most of the US.
        
           | unethical_ban wrote:
           | But if you're connecting east and west, you _will_ need to
           | cross the Rockies. Why not do it through a city of a million?
        
         | nerdponx wrote:
         | Rail travel shouldn't compete with air travel. It should be a
         | fast, comfortable alternative to intercity car and bus travel
         | between major destinations.
         | 
         | This model already works well along the Northeast corridor.
         | Even the slow, delay-ridden Empire Service (thank CSX for that)
         | ran full trains between New York and Albany(before Covid). Not
         | to mention the main DC to Boston route.
         | 
         | The failure of intercity rail does not seem all that distinct
         | from the general failure to invest in infrastructure in the US,
         | and the enormous costs when the investment is attempted.
        
           | chrononaut wrote:
           | > Rail travel shouldn't compete with air travel ... This
           | model already works well along the Northeast corridor.
           | 
           | Except the NEC is heavily competing against existing air
           | travel between its common destinations. Or are you generally
           | referring to longer distance air travel? (i.e., 2+ hours by
           | plane?)
        
         | tupshin wrote:
         | The Northeast corridor is a strong counter argument.
        
           | bradleyjg wrote:
           | I've taken the Acela from NYC to DC and back many times, and
           | it is quite nice. But a big advantage it gets is how much of
           | a pain it is to reach area airports in both cities. If intra-
           | regional mass transit was improved that would paradoxically
           | hurt the competitiveness of inter-regional rail.
        
             | cromwellian wrote:
             | Even if getting to the airport is convenient, you still
             | need to arrive 1 hour before your flight, and deal with
             | security, boarding procedures, taxi, air traffic control,
             | etc on both sides.
             | 
             | In Japan, I can literally show up for a Shinkansen five
             | minutes before departure and hop right on.
             | 
             | Airports for short range traffic are fscking awful.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Reagan in DC is convenient to the metro (Dulles of course
             | is not) but all of NYC's airports are a pain.
        
           | GongOfFour wrote:
           | Much of the Northeast Regionals route is effectively a
           | functioning megapolis. You are not going to find anywhere
           | close to similar conditions anywhere else in the United
           | States.
        
             | jzoch wrote:
             | It functions that way because it has a functioning rail
             | line? Or at least semi-functional. YOu are right you won't
             | find those conditions anywhere else in the US but that is
             | our own fault
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I'm not sure how true that is even though Amtrak is one
               | mover of people. One of the reasons I for one tend to
               | take Amtrak is that Boston area into Manhattan is mostly
               | a pretty awful drive and it isn't because there are so
               | few vehicles on the road. Also, pre-Acela business
               | travelers mostly flew (and many still do) on the northern
               | section of the corridor. And, even today, most business
               | travelers aren't going to take the train from Boston to
               | DC.
               | 
               | So it seems pretty probable to me that Acela came about
               | because there was already a huge and increasing demand
               | for such a service.
        
           | marcianx wrote:
           | NYC to Montreal (~370mi) takes ~8 hours by bus and 11 hours
           | by train, though granted, times at Customs is more variable
           | for the bus than for the train. I'm often surprised at how
           | much the train shakes side to side on the occasions it's
           | going "fast".
           | 
           | Contrast that to the TGV in France, which zooms around at
           | 200mph and covered one of my trips between Paris and Avignon
           | (~430mi) in ~2.75hrs about a decade ago. US train
           | infrastructure feels extremely behind in comparison. Perhaps
           | it's because of a greater emphasis on highway travel.
        
             | matmatmatmat wrote:
             | To be fair, that leg of the TGV happens to be some of the
             | best track in the whole system. It's practically a
             | straight, non-stop shot from Paris to Avignon on double
             | decker cars with panoramic windows.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | NYC to Montreal is not part of the NEC; the NEC is solely
             | the portion from DC to Boston.
             | 
             | That said, the NYC-Montreal and Boston-Toronto lines are
             | lines that absolutely should be dedicated high-speed
             | passenger rail in addition to the NEC, but they are not
             | even dedicated passenger rail lines at the moment let alone
             | proper 220mph HSR lines.
        
               | sacredcows wrote:
               | To top it all off, Toronto-NY is one of the busiest air
               | routes in the world, by number of scheduled flights.
        
             | JJMcJ wrote:
             | > how much the train shakes
             | 
             | Roadbeds are maintained to freight train standards, e.g.,
             | the difference in height of the two rails.
             | 
             | Amtrak depends on the "host railroads" who are not very
             | hospitable to passenger traffic.
        
           | schoen wrote:
           | It's strange to see the contrast between how relatively large
           | a share of transportation Amtrak has in the Northeast
           | Corridor compared to elsewhere in the country. I've heard
           | this ascribed to population density, but it doesn't seem like
           | trains are as popular in places like Texas or Southern
           | California.
        
             | colinmhayes wrote:
             | Huge advantage of amtrak is that the stations are in prime
             | locations. In the northeast that's a huge advantage as
             | going from train to destination might be a 15 minute walk.
             | Meanwhile airport to destination could be an hour drive.
             | Sunbelt cities have no density, so the trains location
             | isn't as valuable.
        
             | blabitty wrote:
             | Development and land use patterns are way different in the
             | Sunbelt. There are lines that go through most downtowns but
             | most of the people live far from the stations. The
             | passenger trains also share lines with freight and freight
             | is prioritized, a trip from Austin to Dallas by Amtrak
             | takes 6 hours but can be driven in 3 or so.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Lots of people in the Northeast don't live in downtowns
               | either. One big difference if that, if you're taking a
               | trip to one of the big cities, you often don't need or
               | even want a car when you get there. On the other hand, if
               | you can drive somewhere in 4-5 hours, taking a train and
               | then having to rent a car when you arrive seems a lot
               | less attractive.
        
           | benatkin wrote:
           | It could exist without the rest of the network, and probably
           | be cheaper. Why is NJ Transit so much cheaper to go from
           | Philly (via Trenton) to NYC? I think the Northeast Corridor
           | might be subsidizing other parts of Amtrak.
        
             | simfree wrote:
             | Yes, the Northeast Corridor is the only profitable part of
             | Amtrak, that is why Amtrak tried to cut as much service as
             | possible outside the Northeast Corridor prior to Joe Biden
             | taking office.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yep. Basically the Northeast Corridor is a pretty
               | profitable route. In part, this is because the Acela is
               | basically priced as high as it can be while remaining
               | competitive with air. Business travelers generally pay it
               | because it's a bit more comfortable, a bit faster, and
               | there are fewer plebes than the non-Acela option. Oh, and
               | it's not their money. (And it _is_ competitive with air
               | depending upon your preferences.)
               | 
               | To be honest, when it's my own money I usually just take
               | the regular regional train. It's about half the price and
               | because it can piggyback off the electrification done for
               | Acela, it takes less than an hour more.
        
               | benatkin wrote:
               | Agree. It's 30 more minutes to read or something and 30
               | less minutes at my destination.
               | 
               | On other routes being slow is a massive liability though.
               | If people could get from San Francisco to Portland in 10
               | hours, or even 12 hours, instead of 18 hours, it would be
               | much more practical. At 18 hours it messes up your sleep
               | schedule rather than just giving you more time to read.
               | 
               | It might just not be worth it to spend more on rail
               | travel from Portland to SF though. It's just a reality of
               | geography rather than somebody's mistake that travel from
               | SF to Portland is harder than travel from DC to NYC.
        
         | yummypaint wrote:
         | Most of the delays and lack of consistency come from the rail
         | lines being controlled by other interests. Amtrak is always
         | lowest on the priority totem pole, and is routinely forced to
         | yield to freight lines for hours at a time arbitrarily and
         | without notice.
         | 
         | Lack of high speed rail is an orthogonal issue, and is
         | constantly conflated with fixing the current state of affairs.
         | we don't even have standard passenger rail yet! We need to
         | build more cheap track to connect areas first.
         | 
         | Rail travel is far more efficient than flying, both
         | environmentally and economically. Flying is heavily subsidized
         | in ways that rail is not, and that tends to hide the
         | externalities.
         | 
         | Rail has also been set up to fail with metrics like direct
         | profitability, which is entirely not the point of public
         | transportation. It's like claiming the entire value of a road
         | is the toll money it generates.
        
           | brudgers wrote:
           | Buses make more sense than passenger rail. More flexible
           | routing. More flexible time tables. Utilize existing
           | infrastructure. Dedicated right of way easier to create by
           | reconfiguration of existing roads.
           | 
           | When the Colorado Plateau snows in - as it does about every
           | winter - a bus to LA can simply detour south toward Phoenix.
        
           | JJMcJ wrote:
           | > yield to freight lines
           | 
           | Which is exactly the reverse of the old days when freight
           | waited.
           | 
           | Also many host railroads only maintain some sections of
           | roadbeds to freight standards, so passenger trains must slow
           | to freight speeds.
        
           | throwawayboise wrote:
           | Also level crossings and equipment breakdowns. Collisions
           | between cars and trains are not uncommon. In my first and
           | last Amtrak trip, I rode from Chicago to Las Vegas and was
           | nearly 24 hours late on arrival, due to delays from freight
           | traffic, hitting a car at a crossing, and having a locomotive
           | break down. And my luggage was delayed for another day after
           | that.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > Collisions between cars and trains are not uncommon
             | 
             | https://www.bts.gov/content/train-fatalities-injuries-and-
             | ac...
             | 
             | 91 rail collisions (not just with cars, but of all types)
             | for trains (not just passenger trains) in 2020 nationally.
             | 
             | That's...pretty rare.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | Agreed, I'm surprised. I guess because I experienced it,
               | I assumed it was rather more common.
        
           | closeparen wrote:
           | I don't think the "economically" part of this statement is at
           | all obvious. Train sets are cheaper than passenger planes but
           | they have to be tied up a lot longer to provide the same
           | passenger-miles. Acquiring land and laying track costs what
           | it actually costs in the US and not what it would it would
           | theoretically cost under foreign labor, regulatory, and
           | property-rights conditions.
        
             | syshum wrote:
             | Taxpayer money goes to fund the Airline industry in a wide
             | number of ways, just a few would be that fact that most
             | airports are government run, many operating at net loss
             | when proper accounting is used. We also subsidize security
             | (tsa), traffic control (faa), and do not get me started on
             | the billions and billions in bailouts the airlines get with
             | every economic down turn.
             | 
             | So to say the economic part is not obvious one has to be
             | willfully ignorant of government spending, just listing the
             | obvious source of government subsidy there are many other
             | less obvious one including special tax exemptions, and many
             | other programs that have indirect benefits to the industry
        
               | closeparen wrote:
               | This report [0] suggests significantly higher passenger-
               | mile costs in both fares and subsidies for Amtrak vs. air
               | travel. It looks pretty off the cuff, I'm sure you could
               | dispute the methodology, but... let's see yours.
               | 
               | [0] https://urbanreforminstitute.org/2019/09/transport-
               | costs-and...
        
               | enriquec wrote:
               | And rail would literally not exist without way more
               | government intervention (eminent domain), subsidies, and
               | bailouts. On the eve of self driving it is actually
               | obvious that rail is economically inferior by several
               | orders of magnitude.
        
           | m463 wrote:
           | > Amtrak is always lowest on the priority totem pole
           | 
           | It's unfortunate, but this is probably the way it should be.
           | 
           | Economically the repeat customer should probably get the
           | benefits of predictability / stability.
           | 
           | Also, passenger commuter lines do stick closer to schedule
           | than long-distance trains.
           | 
           | When I've traveled amtrak, the first time I was surprised to
           | have such unpredictable times, but after that I just factored
           | it in. Most long-distance amtrak travel is for the scenery
           | and the pace, not for private-jet-efficiency.
        
         | bpye wrote:
         | Amtrak is already competitive in certain regions. The northeast
         | is the most obvious, but the train is my preferred mode of
         | travel between Vancouver, BC and Seattle, WA. Whilst a flight
         | is quicker, in the air, door to door is no faster. Driving
         | generally would be quicker but I do try to be concious of the
         | carbon impact of my travel choices.
         | 
         | The primary issue I have is that the hours the service runs,
         | the first departure is a little too late to arrive for a
         | morning meeting, and the latest is a little too early to leave
         | the office after 5 - an earlier and later option would make it
         | very viable for one day business travel.
         | 
         | Whilst the US population is generally much less dense than much
         | of Europe, there are large areas (PNW, the northeast, much of
         | California) that definitely have high enough population density
         | to support an extensive rail network. Yes there must be
         | political will to make these improvements, but surely that is
         | true of _all_ infrastructure spending?
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Even on the Northeast Corridor the morning meeting thing is
           | real from Boston to NY. You really need to go down the night
           | before. Which I'm generally fine with. Have a nice meal, etc.
           | But when I can't I'll end up flying (or driving) in the
           | morning.
        
         | masklinn wrote:
         | > Even in circumstances where the distances are not too great,
         | and the political and bureaucratic hurdles are.
         | 
         | NIMBY-ism as well? Because I can't fathom how a 400 miles high-
         | speed rail route can cost $100bn unless you're spending years
         | re-drafting your route because every asshole on the way has to
         | be heard.
         | 
         | 25 years is not completely nonsensical though, if you want to
         | do this right it does take time.
         | 
         | For a fairly recent example, the french LGV Est is 252 miles
         | (406km), it cost 4bn (including 800 millions worth of rolling
         | stock), and took 16 years before the construction and financing
         | protocol of the first phase was signed and the opening of the
         | second phase. First phase opened a year late, and second phase
         | 3 months late because of the Eckwersheim testing accident
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eckwersheim_derailment).
         | 
         | Obviously building in California would require additional
         | studies and expenses for earthquake safety and the like, but
         | 12x... seems a bit much.
         | 
         | The cost only makes sense if it's basically all tunnels and
         | briges, like Chuo Shinkansen: that's estimated to cost north of
         | $90 billion for 177 miles, but it's going straight through
         | mountains, 90% of the way is through tunnels.
        
           | drawkbox wrote:
           | The longer we wait to do rail right the more expensive it
           | gets because of NIMBY-ism and property ownership. We need to
           | do it now.
           | 
           | Trains are slower in some cases, but the views you simply
           | cannot get from a plane or car.
           | 
           | You can work on a train.
           | 
           | You can get a private cab.
           | 
           | You can get up and move around.
           | 
           | You can go to the viewing car and see the beauty of America.
           | 
           | You can't do any of that in a plane or car. It is traveling
           | in a much better way, even if longer.
           | 
           | Take the Southwest Chief from Flagstaff to Colorado routes
           | and you'd be amazed at how pretty New Mexico is, the deserts
           | of Arizona and the mountains in Colorado. Take any of the
           | coastal lines. You will simply be blown away.
           | 
           | The great thing about trains or infrastructure like fiber
           | across America maybe, people will see govt/business in
           | action. It will build platforms of market value that people
           | can see, people in small towns, people all around.
           | 
           | People need visuals just like clients need visuals to see
           | progress, even though lots of the work is not visible maybe
           | in code or other areas.
           | 
           | The time to train is now. In a way it is the last chance to
           | really get it going before everything is full.
           | 
           | We have been robbed of amazing train rides and views. Take
           | any of these routes/lines and tell me you don't enjoy the
           | views. [1]
           | 
           | Before you vote on anything related to trains, go take one on
           | our underfunded Amtrak routes. It will change your mind if
           | you are not for it. Imagine if we did this right.
           | 
           | Trains use much less fuel, help make pricing for cars/planes
           | competitive and more. Having a third major transportation
           | option besides a bus is needed as we get more packed in.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Amtrak_routes
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | The view from a train might be marginally nicer, but when I
             | travel it's usually because I want to be somewhere else.
             | Not because I want to sit for hours and watch the scenery
             | go by.
        
               | BotanyIsFun wrote:
               | You're so boring.
        
               | cromwellian wrote:
               | But do you want to spend 1hr getting to the airport, then
               | waiting 2+ Hours to board the plane, wait for air traffic
               | control, taxi, etc and then repeat on the other side? It
               | takes five to six hours to go from SF to LA about the
               | same as it takes to drive. A train would be far better.
        
             | jdkee wrote:
             | Driverless electric vehicles will decimate public
             | transportation.
        
             | brudgers wrote:
             | A bus route can do all that and more. A car is even more
             | flexible because you can stop, get out, and become part of
             | the landscape.
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | How is property ownership standing in the way of US rail?
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | Railroads (particularly high speed) need to be long and
               | straight. What happens if people don't want a dozen
               | trains roaring through their neighborhood every day? It's
               | difficult to just go around it.
               | 
               | What happens if people don't want a railroad through
               | their property at all? After all, once a railroad is
               | sitting on your land, it's difficult to repurpose it for
               | much else. The state can try eminent domain, but that
               | takes time and lengthy court cases, and the costs add up
               | quick.
        
               | brudgers wrote:
               | The best routes already have railroads. Their right of
               | ways are in private hands.
               | 
               | To put it in perspective, the only all season
               | transcontinental route is the southern most line on the
               | article's map. It only exists by virtue of the Gadsden
               | Purchase in 1854. The right of way is controlled by the
               | corporate successors of the Southern Pacific.
               | 
               | The non-existence of viable alternative all season grades
               | across the west is why the Gadsden Purchase happened. The
               | US had assumed surely such routes existed in Alta
               | California following its succession in 1848 via the
               | treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | >Because I can't fathom how a 400 miles high-speed rail route
           | can cost $100bn unless you're spending years re-drafting your
           | route because every asshole on the way has to be heard.
           | 
           | That's exactly what happens. Not because of NIMBYism but
           | because it's run by consultants on cost plus, T&M, or
           | percentage contracts. They have no incentive to finish the
           | project. And in fact are financially rewarded for making the
           | project more expensive.
        
           | sbierwagen wrote:
           | >I can't fathom how a 400 miles high-speed rail route can
           | cost $100bn
           | 
           | In the Seattle metro area, about 100 miles of low-speed light
           | rail has cost $75.5 billion so far. Building infrastructure
           | in the US is just inherently more expensive than in other
           | countries. It is a political problem, and unfortunately, only
           | has political solutions.
        
           | brudgers wrote:
           | US rail is private. French rail is national. The French
           | system can use existing right of way without having to
           | acquire right of way.
        
             | gwbrooks wrote:
             | Amtrak receives well more than $1 billion a year in federal
             | subsidies and still loses millions of dollars per year. It
             | is private only in the broadest sense of the word.
        
               | hakfoo wrote:
               | Amtrak doesn't own most of its rails. They have to
               | negotiate with, e. g. BNSF and Union Pacific to use their
               | tracks in most of the country. This often has led to
               | limits on services and schedules, because they don't want
               | to repackage their profitable freight offerings, or
               | upgrade trackage sufficient for 100kph freight trains but
               | not 200kph+ modern passenger ones.
        
               | brudgers wrote:
               | Amtrak doesn't own much right of way.[1] Only about 700
               | miles. There are about 140,000 miles of track in the US.
               | Nearly all of it in private hands.
               | 
               | In France, the railroads are nationalized. A new high
               | speed line doesn't incur the similar costs for right of
               | way acquisitions.
               | 
               | [1]: http://blog.amtrak.com/2019/05/why-are-amtrak-
               | trains-delayed...
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | But the point above is that it doesn't get any of the
               | "benefits" of being public, even if it is a de-facto
               | public entity.
        
           | aylmao wrote:
           | A detail worth mentioning: Chuo Shinkansen is maglev line,
           | which are more expensive than high-speed rail too.
        
           | Fern_Blossom wrote:
           | You fail to understand construction reality.
           | 
           | The LGV route is a far more open and "flatter" (relatively
           | speaking) than LA to SF. There's way less for them to tunnel
           | or grade, which gets expensive quickly. HSR requires more
           | gentle changes in direction than traditional rail. Building
           | on flat, open terrain that no one is using is great... but
           | that kind of terrain is already in use or owned by someone.
           | Thus, easements or having to outright purchase the land. If
           | not and you go for cheap land, it's going to come with
           | downsides, like being mountainous.
           | 
           | At that, France sees less than 10 earthquake events over 2
           | magnitude a year on average. In the past week, there were
           | already 6 events over 2 magnitude between LA and SF alone:
           | https://www.cisn.org/map/index.html An LA to SF line is
           | practically on a fault line. Devastating earthquakes are a
           | real reality for a Cali line, not so much for France. The
           | Cali standards for building rail are going to be higher than
           | France, and for EXTREMELY good reason. Thus, price goes up
           | for construction.
           | 
           | There's a lot more at play to building these things. What I
           | mentioned barely scratches the surface to the complications.
           | Claiming NIMBY is pretty naive if you don't take into
           | consideration the real world problems and needs to achieving
           | something compared to the lofty, idealistic wants of a
           | project.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | The portion of the CAHSR system being built right now is
             | flatter and more open than most of France, and isn't on or
             | near any of the major fault lines in California. Its
             | outrageous expense has nothing to do with the geographical
             | challenges of California (which are real, but not for this
             | segment) and everything to do with the incompetence of the
             | construction companies and their governmental overseers, as
             | well as NIMBYs exacerbating these problems to epic degrees.
        
           | bushbaba wrote:
           | Have to wonder if Elon's boring company is the solution. The
           | state can say you don't own the ground underneath and just
           | tunnel straight from sf to la
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | This is not how Western property rights work.
             | 
             | And most of the cost of tunnels is the requirement for
             | emergency access and ventilation; the small demonstration
             | tunnel in Vegas lacks these features, and so was cheaper.
             | 
             | To compare, the Gotthard Base Tunnel in Switzerland
             | requires emergency cross connections every 325m and access
             | shafts to the surface. The cross connections are
             | perpendicular to the main tunnel and short in length so
             | they have to be dug out more or less with workers anyways. 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthard_Base_Tunnel#/media/F
             | i...
        
               | underwater wrote:
               | Emergency access isn't necessary for Boring Company
               | tunnels. They're so narrow that no one is getting out of
               | a vehicle in an emergency in the first place.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | In which case there will not actually be Boring Company
               | tunnels.
        
               | spookthesunset wrote:
               | Not just emergency access and ventilation but the
               | stations aren't cheap or quick to build either. The
               | tunnel itself is almost always the "easy" part.
        
             | masklinn wrote:
             | The cost would actually make sense if it were all tunnels.
             | Japan's newest Shinkansen route will be 90% tunnels, and
             | it's estimated at $90bn for 180 miles. Tunneling is
             | expensive as hell.
        
               | Pxtl wrote:
               | I wonder if you could lower cost by switching to narrower
               | tunnel gauge. Also, if it's all tunnel you could evacuate
               | some of the air to lower resistance...
               | 
               | Oh crud Hyperloop finally makes sense to me.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | narrower tunnel gauge either means less capacity or
               | comfort, or sometimes both. part of why Concorde was
               | retired was because the seats themselves were not
               | actually comfortable, and it could not compete with more
               | spacious business class on traditional airliners with
               | innovations like lie flat beds.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I'm not sure the timeframes quite line up. Lie-flat
               | seating was coming in when the Concorde was retired
               | (after an accident and in the wake of 9/11) but I'm not
               | sure how widespread it was.
               | 
               | But, yes, I've been in a Concorde (not flown in one) and
               | the seating is, at best, modern domestic--non lie-flat--
               | business class.
               | 
               | I actually think this is something that a lot of modern
               | supersonic travel fans miss. If you're willing to spend
               | the money that supersonic travel _will_ cost you can
               | travel very comfortably. And 12-24 hours of time spent
               | relaxing comfortably is not actually a problem for most
               | people.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | The Boring Company will at best only achieve a small
             | reduction in tunneling costs. This wouldn't fix the
             | economics of passenger rail in California.
        
             | conception wrote:
             | As long as all you want is just a tunnel...
             | 
             | https://www.indy100.com/science-tech/elon-musk-boring-
             | compan...
        
         | Pxtl wrote:
         | > There is simply no future in which passenger rail competes
         | with air travel in the US. Even in circumstances where the
         | distances are not too great, and the political and bureaucratic
         | hurdles are.
         | 
         | This ignores the existence of climate change. Air travel is not
         | sustainable and air travel is least amenable to conversion to
         | hydrogen or electric.
         | 
         | As you mention, the chief barriers to HSR in North America are
         | political and bureaucratic, not practical. What's missing,
         | then, is the political will to do hard things.
         | 
         | Governments used to be able to _do_ things, when the situation
         | demanded it.
         | 
         | http://www.thepaincomics.com/weekly080730.htm
        
           | philwelch wrote:
           | > This ignores the existence of climate change. Air travel is
           | not sustainable and air travel is least amenable to
           | conversion to hydrogen or electric.
           | 
           | Which means you'd have to use hydrocarbon fuel. Which can be
           | chemically produced from atmospheric CO2 and water if you
           | have enough carbon-neutral energy. Or you could sequester an
           | offsetting amount of CO2 if that would be more efficient.
        
           | billytetrud wrote:
           | Climate change doesn't make trains any better. What we need
           | is Skytran: https://www.skytran.com/
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | How many times will people keep proposing PRT before they
             | discover that it doesn't work?
        
               | klausjensen wrote:
               | What's PRT?
        
               | ggreer wrote:
               | Personal Rapid Transit:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | PRT is short for Personal Rapid Transit, and it's a form
               | of transit that basically combines some sort of fixed-
               | guideway-like system with small-capacity individually-
               | routable pods instead of trains. As a result, it kind of
               | ends up with the worst of both worlds: you have the
               | infrastructure complexity (and cost) of a train with the
               | throughput (or lack thereof) of single-occupant cars.
               | 
               | (Musk's Loop idea is basically another iteration of the
               | PRT concept.)
        
               | javagram wrote:
               | Morgantown PRT has 20-person capacity cars. That doesn't
               | seem so inefficient. On the other hand, it only operates
               | as a PRT during off-peak according to the wiki page -
               | during peak hours, it's just a standard scheduled service
               | like a train or bus.
               | 
               | That said, the Musk Loop type plans where the cabs/cars
               | only carry 1-4 people - which seems similar to this
               | SkyTran - is obviously inefficient and not really a
               | realistic alternative to cars or mass transit systems.
        
           | JJMcJ wrote:
           | > climate change
           | 
           | Also peak oil, a largely forgotten issue. As fuels get more
           | expensive, more efficient modes of travel will become cheaper
           | relative to air.
        
             | jandrewrogers wrote:
             | Fuel shortages are unlikely to be a serious risk for
             | centuries. Hydrocarbon reserves are measured in the
             | trillions of barrels (in the US alone) and the different
             | types are largely fungible at <$100 barrel inasmuch as you
             | can convert them all into fuel.
             | 
             | We may greatly reduce hydrocarbon fuel usage but it won't
             | be because we ran out in my lifetime.
        
             | philwelch wrote:
             | Peak oil is "a largely forgotten issue" because it was a
             | largely overblown issue to begin with. Fracking relieved
             | the immediate supply pressure while reductions in demand
             | will help matters even more.
        
           | brudgers wrote:
           | In North America geography is the primary impediment to
           | passenger rail of all stripes. High speed rail is even more
           | at the mercy of physical reality.
           | 
           | Look at the article's map. That empty distance between San
           | Antonio and El Paso is nearly 900km of West Texas emptiness.
           | There's Del Rio and Van Horne as the biggest towns and Marfa
           | as perhaps the most famous.
           | 
           | When last was San Antonio to El Paso an important trip for
           | someone you know?
        
           | throwawayboise wrote:
           | Aviation accounts for 2.5% of global CO2 emissions. It's not
           | low-hanging fruit.
           | 
           | https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions-from-aviation
        
             | Pxtl wrote:
             | I'm not arguing the point. We are far more able to tackle
             | ground-vehicle emissions, home heating, and electrical
             | generation.
             | 
             | But eventually air travel's time will come, and HSR is the
             | only alternative that's on the table.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | There are also carbon capture and sequestration and
               | closed-loop hydrocarbon fuel production using carbon-
               | neutral energy sources.
               | 
               | It's completely false, unnecessary, and counterproductive
               | to spread FUD about climate change requiring substantial
               | reductions in quality of life. People are smart and
               | resourceful enough to solve these problems.
        
               | mlinksva wrote:
               | Less travel is also on the table. We should do all of the
               | above. A hefty carbon tax is the holistic instrument, but
               | I'll take any/all paths.
        
             | adrianmonk wrote:
             | And trains can't replace transoceanic flights. I don't know
             | what percentage, but not all of that 2.5% can be eliminated
             | with trains.
        
               | ahelwer wrote:
               | A society that takes climate change seriously will
               | replace international air travel with passenger ships
               | featuring high-speed satellite internet and spacious work
               | areas. Little-known fact, ocean travel is 3x more energy-
               | efficient than even rail.
        
               | gwbrooks wrote:
               | There's no society on earth taking climate change as
               | seriously as warranted if the worst projections are to be
               | believed.
               | 
               | And there's no precedent for the level of global
               | cooperation -- which would have to transcend nation-level
               | political realities -- required for meaningful change.
               | 
               | I'm long on humanity. But not because I think we're all
               | going to wake up and fix the climate in a coordinated
               | manner.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | I think you'd have better luck with zeppelins.
        
               | ahelwer wrote:
               | The trouble with zeppelins is that unloading is
               | difficult. Every lb of weight removed from the Zeppelin
               | is another lb of lift that has to be offset. So you have
               | to do things like pump water into the zeppelin as people
               | or cargo disembark. Ships also face this problem to an
               | extent (unloaded ships are unstable) but they are sitting
               | inside a functionally infinite pool of water they can
               | pump in & out.
               | 
               | Zeppelins are tres tres romantique, though.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | People value their time. There is a reason we replaced
               | modes of travel that require days or weeks of travel time
               | with modes of travel that only require hours. Society and
               | culture has been heavily optimized around the fact that
               | it _doesn 't_ take weeks to get to where you are trying
               | to go. The world is global and distances are long.
               | 
               | Few people want to be stuck on a passenger ship for weeks
               | at a time, their objective is not to be sitting on a
               | ship. It would make international travel completely
               | infeasible for all but a minority. No one would be able
               | to do simple things like visit family if it required a
               | month or more of round-trip transit time.
        
               | ahelwer wrote:
               | I'm not an idiot, I know why people travel by jet
               | aircraft. These luxuries are irrelevant in the face of
               | climate change.
               | 
               | Society has been organized around jet travel. It can be
               | reorganized around the reality of international travel
               | requiring large time investment.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | These aren't luxuries, business and society is global
               | now. Unwinding a century of globalization would
               | impoverish many regions of the world. It isn't a mere
               | inconvenience, it would be undoing a vast amount of
               | economic development and progress. People aren't going to
               | be receptive to sacrificing any hope of prosperity for
               | them and theirs.
               | 
               | An argument of "but climate change" is tone deaf and not
               | very compelling when it is you getting thrown under the
               | bus for the Greater Good. Economic realities can't be
               | ignored when they are inconvenient.
        
               | ahelwer wrote:
               | Unsurprising that someone who, from their bio, "splits
               | their time between Seattle and London" is against this
               | idea.
               | 
               | The economic effects of climate change will be more
               | catastrophic than making it take longer to move
               | internationally, something that very very few people
               | actually have a need to do.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | Nice non sequitur and evasion of an inconvenient point. I
               | travel internationally because it is necessary, not
               | because I particularly want to. Rather more business than
               | you may imagine cannot be done remotely. Nonetheless, my
               | carbon footprint is significantly lower than the average
               | American.
               | 
               | Addressing climate change in anything more than a
               | performative way will require massive increases in global
               | industrialization, not less. Impactful eco-friendly
               | infrastructure isn't going to build itself. Needlessly
               | making this slower and more difficult than necessary just
               | lends credence to the idea that climate change activists
               | aren't serious about addressing the problem.
               | 
               | The promotion of non-serious solutions to climate change
               | make it much more difficult to get by in from average
               | people for supporting credible and substantive solutions.
               | Which isn't helpful if the objective is to constructively
               | address climate change.
        
               | squidlogic wrote:
               | Society is organized around individuals and groups
               | working in mutual self interest. If you go against this
               | principle to find your solution you risk backlash to your
               | (perceived or real) tyranny.
        
               | ahelwer wrote:
               | Society is not organized around individuals and groups
               | working in mutual self-interest. Society is organized
               | around the interests of the wealthy. Indeed, only people
               | who are quite well-off manage to take international
               | flights. Immigrants I know are happy if they manage to
               | travel back and meet their families once every 3-5 years.
        
             | ancientworldnow wrote:
             | The share of warming is higher than the pure emissions
             | because of the aerosol effects and resulting heat trapping.
             | Some estimates are twice as much.
        
             | TheCoelacanth wrote:
             | All sources of CO2 emissions look small when broken down to
             | that level of granularity.
        
               | squidlogic wrote:
               | From the source cited, here is a breakdown per industry:
               | 
               | https://ourworldindata.org/ghg-emissions-by-sector
               | 
               | Energy usage for industry is 24%
               | 
               | Road travel is 11%
               | 
               | It seems aviation's 2% is not the low hanging fruit.
        
             | SECProto wrote:
             | > Aviation accounts for 2.5% of global CO2 emissions. It's
             | not low-hanging fruit.
             | 
             | Aviation accounts for 9% [1] of US transportation co2
             | emissions (and as they're emitted at high altitude, impact
             | is likely more like 13-14%)
             | 
             | [1] https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/fast-facts-
             | transportation-...
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | I suspect it is a much stronger option to people without cars.
        
         | dreamcompiler wrote:
         | That whole western north-south corridor is heavily populated by
         | freight trains, and Amtrak trains have to sit on sidings to let
         | the freighters go by. As a result, the train spends a lot of
         | time not moving. It's one of Amtrak's worst lines, IMO. I did
         | Seattle-to-LA once on Amtrak. Never again.
        
           | bpye wrote:
           | It's unfortunate - the western north-south corridor has the
           | potential to be a very useful transit link. I (pre-covid)
           | took the train from Vancouver, BC to Seattle, WA semi-
           | regularly as my preferred mode of travel, but there was at
           | least one instance I can recall of a multi-hour delay due to
           | freight traffic...
        
         | presentation wrote:
         | It is depressing to me that entrenched interests make improving
         | the US feel impossible. The American Dream is truly dead.
        
         | gpvos wrote:
         | It might in a future in which air travel is prohibitively
         | highly taxed. Seems unlikely now, but one can dream.
        
           | syshum wrote:
           | The the only way to make something "attractive" to the
           | population is to place up on its competition prohibitive
           | taxation then you have already lost.
           | 
           | Further if that is your "dream" to impose prohibitive
           | taxation on the population I would question your ethical
           | foundation as well
           | 
           | Edit: for the record since someone below is using a straw-man
           | to claim I support subsidies, I dont. I prefer the government
           | stay out it completely, neither taxing nor subsidizing (nor
           | bailing out) anything, or any industry. I am not Pro or Anti
           | Rail, nor I am Pro or Anti Air Travel. I am Anti-Government
           | intervention...
        
             | kuschku wrote:
             | If you cling to subsidies as the only way your method of
             | transportation can continue to work, what does that say
             | about you?
             | 
             | (Flights barely break even at all, and that's even with the
             | absurd level of subsidies airlines get today)
        
             | colinmhayes wrote:
             | Not taxing externalities is a subsidy. We need carbon tax.
        
             | gpvos wrote:
             | I'm willing to go quite far to protect the planet.
        
         | jonas21 wrote:
         | You're right that the proposal is disconnected from reality --
         | but it's not because Amtrak can't be a competitive option for a
         | significant portion of the population. It's because of how
         | Amtrak is funded.
         | 
         | There are a handful of routes in the US where Amtrak is
         | currently competitive. As others have mentioned, these are
         | mostly in the Northeast Corridor. Amtrak should be investing in
         | improving these, but instead treats them like a cash cow to
         | fund unprofitable routes elsewhere.
         | 
         | There are also a few routes that, with a little bit of
         | investment, could be competitive. LA to San Diego is one
         | example -- they're the #2 and #8 largest cities in the US, only
         | 120 miles apart, and one has notoriously bad traffic. The
         | biggest problem with current service is that some sections of
         | the route share a single track for both directions of travel,
         | which can lead to cascading delays. They're fixing this, but
         | because there's so little funding, it's going to take 30 years
         | just to lay a few dozen miles of track alongside the existing
         | track. It would seem like a no-brainer to prioritize this.
         | 
         | But because Amtrak requires congressional funding, and no
         | member of congress wants to be left out, you end up getting
         | grand plans that touch every state in the country, and you have
         | to add routes that have no chance of being successful just to
         | get enough votes. Eyeballing the map, it looks like the only
         | state in the continental US without a stop is South Dakota.
        
           | presentation wrote:
           | I wish rail in the US were run more like those in Japan -
           | private companies who derive their profits from real estate
           | in and around stations, not solely from fares. It always
           | astounds me how unproductive the land around Amtrak and other
           | public transit stations are - if you're building a tube that
           | sends people into land you own, there's immense opportunity
           | for you, and in a way that's the whole point - the reason
           | people ride trains is usually not to ride the train, but to
           | go somewhere, so why not operate that "somewhere"?
        
           | pmayrgundter wrote:
           | I wonder if Amtrak is the antipattern here for just that
           | reason. Or even the state. How about county to county? Rail
           | just can't cost this much in actuality. It's gotta be the
           | systematics
        
         | rrrrrrrrrrrryan wrote:
         | I don't understand why self-driving cars aren't being discussed
         | here. Trains require massively expensive redundant
         | infrastructure, fail completely at last-mile, and you're at the
         | mercy of a rigid departure schedule. We already have an
         | incredible highway network in America - let's put it to better
         | use.
         | 
         | It's so easy to imagine taking a self-driving sleeper taxi
         | overnight between Portland and Oakland in 10 hours - just throw
         | a bed in the damn thing, go to sleep, and wake up at your
         | destination. Give self-driving cars a dedicated lane with a
         | different speed limit, and you could bomb the trip in 7 hours,
         | easy. It'd all utilize existing infrastructure, we'd just be
         | increasing the throughput.
         | 
         | If the car is electric, it'll be multiples cheaper than the
         | fuel costs of driving yourself, a spiffy van with nice spread
         | out reclining seats could have multiple passengers so the cost
         | could be split further, and it'd probably be 1-2 orders of
         | magnitude better for the environment than taking a flight.
        
           | sangnoir wrote:
           | Trains are more energy efficient, and unlike self-driving
           | cars, this rail plan has a clear roadmap to being achieved by
           | 2035.
        
             | bpye wrote:
             | Yes! The technology for rail exists today (and is well
             | proven in Europe and Asia). Self driving cars are largely
             | new and unproven with no clear path to widespread use, with
             | both regulatory and sociatal challenges, in addition to the
             | technical shortcomings that remain.
             | 
             | I would hope that Amtrak in the long term also electrifies
             | the rail network so that the dependency on diesel engines
             | can be reduced - for some routes this may not make sense,
             | but where you have frequent services it seems that it would
             | be a worthwhile impovement too.
        
           | dsr_ wrote:
           | Everything you've said there applies to a current mode of
           | transportation called "the bus". Unlike self-driving cars, we
           | already have them.
           | 
           | Ten hours by road. Large enough to have sleeper compartments
           | or reclining seats. (Large enough to have restrooms.) Driven
           | by an NI -- natural intelligence -- whose competence is
           | accredited by the state government in a reasonably fair
           | examination of skills. Give a dedicated lane to the bus, and
           | seven hours might be within reach.
           | 
           | Really, the problem is that I see flights between the two
           | cities at $70 per person and 2.5 hours in the air. Even if it
           | takes an hour on each extra, that's 5.5 hours versus 7 for a
           | fairly reasonable price.
        
             | rrrrrrrrrrrryan wrote:
             | The bus still fails the last mile, it's subject to rigid
             | departure schedules, and doesn't offer the comfort of being
             | in an individual compartment.
             | 
             | All these modes of transportation have pros and cons. How
             | do we get people to take less flights? Busses already
             | exist. Decent fast and cheap trains don't, nor do self-
             | driving cars. Both will help poach people away from shorter
             | flights, but one is (potentially) much cheaper and easier
             | to implement.
        
         | rgbrenner wrote:
         | Just to add: Portland to Oakland is only 628mi.. most people
         | have cars, and it's only $60-80 in gas. Even if they gave me a
         | free ticket, I wouldn't trade 10 hours for that.
        
           | nn3 wrote:
           | That assumes that you don't need to drive?
           | 
           | 10 hours of active driving is something completely different
           | than 20 hours being a passenger/sightseer (of which I would
           | spend significant part asleep or reading) In fact I don't
           | think it's safe to drive for 10 hours, you probably need to
           | add several hours of rest, and will still be half zombie
           | after that.
           | 
           | At some point the train becomes attractive. It's certainly a
           | much less stressful option.
           | 
           | That said I must agree American trains are in poor shape
           | compared to other places.
        
         | bradleyjg wrote:
         | People seem to want inter-regional passenger rail for it's own
         | sake and search around for a justification to stick on that
         | preference.
         | 
         | From an environmental perspective low speed inter-regional
         | fright rail makes a lot more sense.
         | 
         | Where high(er) speed passenger rail could really shine is
         | intra-regional lines. Granted stops slow things down, but the
         | NYC region commuter lines (LIRR, MMR, NJT) have horrible
         | average speeds.
         | 
         | I understand from friends in greater DC and the Bay Area that
         | the situations there are similar.
        
         | jhgb wrote:
         | > Going from Portland to Oakland is supposed to take 18 hours
         | but actually took 20 when I rode it.
         | 
         | Seriously? That's the speed of our slowest local regional
         | trains here in Europe. Long distance trains are about twice as
         | fast per km even on a trip one fourth the length and with
         | several stops. If this is a regular state of affairs then it's
         | no wonder that the state of train travel in the US is what it
         | is.
        
           | ac29 wrote:
           | Its a little short of 1200km and goes through some very
           | rugged terrain (cascade mountains). Yes, it would be nice if
           | it was faster, but comparing it to say Paris - Berlin (about
           | the same distance) isnt quite right for several reasons.
        
             | jhgb wrote:
             | Yep, that should be slightly under 10 hours on my country's
             | terrible railway network (if my country were _that_ long).
             | We have to operate those ETR 470-derived trains ( "CD Class
             | 680") at like 65-70% of their design speed since we don't
             | have any proper rails for them either.
        
             | kuschku wrote:
             | Rome - Frankfurt (about 1200km) takes (with a looot of
             | changes, and a lot of different trains) about 11 hours.
             | 
             | With an ECx or ECE it'd be below 8h.
        
           | brudgers wrote:
           | It is about 1000 mountainous kilometers from Portland to
           | Oakland. There are no major metropolitan areas in between.
           | Just places most people have only vaguely heard of surrounded
           | by places only the locals ever go.
           | 
           | And there are very few reasons to travel from Portland to
           | Oakland on a dedicated itinerary. No critical business
           | relationships. No historic ties. No cultural affiliation.
           | 
           | Comparisons of US rail to Europe usually ignore most of
           | Europe. 18 hours reflects a rail speed comparable to what
           | Google returns for a train trip from Zagreb to Tirana. I'm
           | not sure you can even take a train from Berlin to Baku.
        
             | jhgb wrote:
             | The question is...why does a major inter-city railroad lead
             | through such a strange route?
             | 
             | > 18 hours reflects a rail speed comparable to what Google
             | returns for a train trip from Zagreb to Tirana
             | 
             | Ehm...I don't believe there's been railway connection from
             | anywhere to Tirana since 2013. Albanian railway
             | infrastructure is largely non-existent at this point. And
             | the only international railway connection to Albania is
             | freight-only. Not quite sure what Google told you there.
        
               | brudgers wrote:
               | The route is determined by plate tectonics. Subduction of
               | the Pacific Plate beneath the North American Plate
               | generates substantial orogenic forces. The rail route
               | runs between the coastal ranges to the west and the spine
               | of the Americas that extends from the Arctic to the
               | Patagonia...aka, "the American Cordillera."
               | 
               | Quite simply it runs along the best available route. Down
               | the Willamette Valley to Eugene and then...well it has to
               | make do past Mount Shasta until near Sacramento.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | I'm not going to express faux outrage at the shortcomings
               | of European rail based on the lack of service to Triana.
               | Rather it is to point out that in this sort of discussion
               | of US passenger rail, Europeans tend to ignore a great
               | deal of Europe. More understandable is the
               | misunderstanding of US geography, even in the US people
               | presume similar political geography implies similar
               | physical geography.
               | 
               | Finally, Oakland to Portland is not a major passenger
               | route. Not really even a major rail route since the sea
               | is a viable alternative for freight along the coast and
               | most freight in the US travels east-west.
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | In that case I don't understand what are those plans for
               | that major high-speed rail on the west coast about. If
               | _this_ is  "the best available route" for a major north-
               | south railway along the US west coast, then those high-
               | speed rail plans are a pipe dream, surely?
               | 
               | As for Albania, you know how to pick the one part of
               | Europe where train service is crap - anything from Bosnia
               | southeastwards in
               | http://emptypipes.org/supp/isochrone_zagreb/. Pretty much
               | any other direction is perfectly serviceable and vastly
               | better connected. Apparently you can get sooner to Paris
               | from Zagreb by train that to any of Albania. Is the US
               | west coast due to its geography a similar uniquely bad
               | place?
        
               | brudgers wrote:
               | The sane passenger rail plans in the US West are
               | regional. Connecting Portland, the Puget Sound and
               | Vancouver on the one hand. Serving the cities of
               | California's Central Valley on the other. The California
               | route makes some sense as a high speed route. Less so as
               | a connection of LA and San Francisco because it is
               | roundabout. The more direct route follows the old Camino
               | Real up the Salinas River Valley and then the San Andreas
               | Rift toward San Jose where the 101 runs today.
               | 
               | The US west is mostly empty. When you look at the
               | article's map even the named places are tiny. La Junta is
               | tiny. Flagstaff is less than 100,000 as a metro. Reno is
               | about half a million. Cheyenne is in Wyoming. The entire
               | state has fewer than a million people.
               | 
               | In terms of European rail travel, I avoided the low
               | hanging fruit like Dublin to Lisbon, Reykjavik to London,
               | or Oslo to Paris.
        
           | ggreer wrote:
           | I know it sounds absurd, but you can check Google Maps for
           | the possible routes and times.[1] It looks like a Greyhound
           | bus is actually 2 hours faster (16 hours). Also it looks like
           | some parts of the track along the west coast are undergoing
           | maintenance. If you want to take the train down to San Diego
           | you have to get off your train, take a bus, then get on
           | another train.[2]
           | 
           | 1. https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Portland,+Oregon/Oakland,+
           | Ca...
           | 
           | 2. https://www.amtrak.com/alert/pacific-surfliner-coast-
           | starlig...
        
         | benatkin wrote:
         | I agree that east to west and north to south cross-country rail
         | is a novelty. The short haul trains are often useful though. I
         | think the novelty is worth keeping but they should focus on
         | that novelty. I'd like to see them have just one east to west
         | route, say, from SF to NYC, and one route on each coast, and
         | besides that coordinate the short haul trains with the
         | cities/states that are using them, perhaps even letting the
         | cities/states run some of them fully. The short haul trains
         | should be run separately from the novelty trains. The proposal
         | is the opposite, and that's why I think it's not a good one.
         | 
         | For example, I'd like for the train to Miami to skip Orlando
         | and Tampa, and for Brightline to be left to bring service back
         | if it makes economic sense (they're already working on
         | Orlando). If not, there are buses like Megabus and Flixbus.
         | That would shorten the Boston to Miami route quite a bit.
        
           | anaerobicover wrote:
           | It's been pointed out numerous times elsewhere in the
           | threads, but long-haul routes _are_ short-haul routes, for
           | people in the middle. Very few people drive I-80 from end to
           | end. Lots of people drive it for trips like Iowa City to
           | Omaha.
        
             | benatkin wrote:
             | I'm aware of that. I don't think amtrak is a good
             | alternative to the interstate (I agree with the comnent I'm
             | replying to), so we should stop trying to make it one. A
             | single cross-country route that runs during waking hours
             | and has fewer stops would be cool though.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Amtrak does not actually go to SF today, to be pedantic.
        
             | benatkin wrote:
             | Hah, I actually lived less than half a mile from the
             | Emeryville station for over a year. I was just thinking in
             | terms of the metro area, but that does tack on some more
             | time!
        
         | mrgordon wrote:
         | "The state has since given up on connecting LA & SF by high
         | speed rail"
         | 
         | We are going to need a citation here because I'm pretty sure
         | this isn't true
        
           | ggreer wrote:
           | Back in 2019 Governor Newsom put most of the CA HSR plan on
           | hold indefinitely.[1] Now the official plan is to build a
           | 171-mile high speed rail link from Bakersfield (population
           | 524,000) through Fresno (population 542,000) to Merced
           | (population 83,000), though that might be cancelled since
           | it'll cost over $20 billion.[2]
           | 
           | 1. https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2019/02/12/gavin-newsom-
           | br...
           | 
           | 2.https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-09-08/newsom-
           | b...
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | CA fucking up HSR has more to do with CA than HSR. The entire
         | thing is basically a mismanaged contractor/consultant gravy
         | train.
         | 
         | Interestingly enough, rail is competitive in the _opposite_
         | direction from Portland, namely to Seattle, and Seattle to
         | Vancouver. SeaTac is far enough away from both Tacoma and
         | Seattle to be a slog from many parts of the metro area, and the
         | sole highway corridor gets very congested. And it mostly
         | consists of lots of small investments to the existing route,
         | like a $181M bypass that shaved ten whole minutes off of a 3h30
         | trip, a 6.7% improvement in travel times.
         | 
         | It's most likely these types of smaller improvements that
         | Amtrak will be seeking, and other bang-for-the-buck
         | improvements like electrification. (Even on the same track and
         | same speed limits, electric trains offer better acceleration
         | than their diesel counterparts, which is similar to what we're
         | now seeing from the electrification of cars.)
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | It's a commonplace to believe that train travel makes sense for
       | medium trips where the cost of getting to/from the airport (plus
       | boarding bullshit) dominates time in the air -- 2-3 hour flights.
       | 
       | But the pandemic has shown an additional possibility by
       | increasing the acceptability of working remotely. It may become
       | more attractive to have a slightly longer but less-hassle trip
       | (board in city centers or at least locations closer than an
       | airport) if you are continuously net-connected and able to have
       | quiet video conferences and do other work.
       | 
       | In the 90s I spent a lot of time on Shinkansen and TGV and had
       | good phone service and networking (even at GPRS speeds) which
       | meant it wasn't really "lost" time. And certainly I was not
       | alone. (It helped that there was a culture of having actual phone
       | conversations away from the cabin).
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | >board in city centers
         | 
         | That can be a feature. It can also be a bug for all the people
         | who don't live in the city. If I had to board Amtrak in
         | downtown Boston (rather than the suburban station I use), that
         | would probably tip the scales against me using the train.
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | It's common for long distance trains to have a few local
           | stops near the terminus (or major waypoint).
        
           | karmelapple wrote:
           | I wonder what the difference is in potentially likely riders?
           | The only time I've used Amtrak in the last 5 years was to get
           | to Boston, and I wanted to be in the city. I used Acela
           | Express and it worked great.
           | 
           | Faster trains for major city to major city, but slower trains
           | to reach the suburbs?
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Route 128 Station is very popular and much more convenient
             | than South Station for anyone from at least the western or
             | southern suburbs. Anecdotally, it feels like about the same
             | number of people get on there as get on in Boston.
             | 
             | There is a commuter rail network into Boston. But many of
             | the lines go to a different train station. It definitely
             | wouldn't make sense for me. At that point I might as well
             | just drive to Manhattan (which would actually be faster
             | anyway) or maybe New Haven, where I could pick up a
             | MetroNorth commuter rail. (Have been thinking of trying the
             | latter anyway next time.)
        
             | paleotrope wrote:
             | I just read this today.
             | 
             | https://www.governing.com/now/taking-the-commuter-out-of-
             | ame...
             | 
             | The primary problem in Boston (from my perspective and I
             | expert alot of other people) is the schedule of the
             | commuter rails is terrible. They just make zero sense. You
             | can take a train into Boston between 6-10am and a train out
             | of Boston between 4 and 7pm, otherwise, you have to wait
             | hours for a train.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Hours is a bit of an exaggeration (probably more like 90
               | minutes on my line) but that's basically true. And you
               | have to tack on buffer if you need to take the subway to
               | the train station.
               | 
               | I'll take commuter rail by preference to go into the city
               | but only if I'm basically going in and out at normal
               | commuting hours. I won't take it if I'm going in for an
               | evening event or even, generally, if I have an evening
               | event following something in the daytime. But they're
               | basically designed for commuters (hence the name) and, in
               | my experience, are pretty empty the rest of the time.
               | 
               | To your basic point, I don't think I've ever used
               | commuter rail to connect to another mode of
               | transportation whether train or plane. Just too much
               | overhead.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > If I had to board Amtrak in downtown Boston (rather than
           | the suburban station I use), that would probably tip the
           | scales against me using the train.
           | 
           | In Switzerland, the inter-region trains are closely
           | coordinated with the local networks of smaller trains, buses,
           | even boats.
           | 
           | You'd take some sort of mass transit from your suburban
           | station to downtown Boston, and board the fast train minutes
           | later.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | >board the fast train minutes later
             | 
             | My commuter rail doesn't even come into the same train
             | station as Amtrak headed south does.
             | 
             | Amtrak to NYC is already a bit marginal for me because I
             | drive an hour in basically the wrong direction to a
             | suburban stop. If I had to go into Boston which is even
             | further in the wrong direction, I just wouldn't do it.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Successful high-speed rail requires a successful and
               | well-integrated local network like Switzerland's as well,
               | yes.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | So France doesn't have successful HSR? Because last I
               | looked Paris had a whole bunch of different rail
               | stations.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Paris's different rail stations are well inter-connected
               | by the Paris Metro. Said network doesn't have to be made
               | up of just one form of transit; again, the Swiss network
               | does an absolutely phenomenal job of matching up train,
               | bus, etc. schedules into one unified transit network.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And Boston's (and New York's) rail stations are connected
               | by subway as well. But (like in Paris or London) I need
               | to build in some generous buffer to catch a long distance
               | train. I have no doubt Swiss trains do an unusually good
               | job of aligning schedules but AFAIK that's not true of
               | most places in Europe or Japan for that matter.
        
       | billytetrud wrote:
       | Trains are 200 year old technology that has hardly improved. What
       | we need is skytran, which is 1/50th of the cost of trains for the
       | same capacity: https://www.skytran.com/
        
         | sacredcows wrote:
         | Trains have improved dramatically, but Americans haven't been
         | paying attention and haven't changed anything about them in 100
         | years (in fact, they reverted by removing formerly electrified
         | lines). Trains are a proven technology- highly energy-efficient
         | and more pleasant to ride than a car or a bus.
        
       | Zigurd wrote:
       | Domestic air travel sucks because of lack of competition. This
       | may help it suck less.
        
       | rayiner wrote:
       | The idea that $160 billion will build that, much less by 2035, is
       | comical. Maryland's purple line will end up costing half a
       | billion per mile to build non-grade separated light rail trolly
       | through suburbs.
        
         | masklinn wrote:
         | The cost per mile is completely different between light rail
         | and regular / high-speed rail, tho.
         | 
         | The french LGV Est cost about 10kEUR / mile (4bn for 252
         | miles), and it was not considered cheap. And that's including
         | 800 millions worth of rolling stock too.
         | 
         | If we exclude the rolling stock from Est's cost and assume
         | those 160bn will be purely infrastructure, it should get you
         | about 12500 miles of track (stations included).
        
       | dilap wrote:
       | The odds of this ever happening are probably slightly lower than
       | the odds that China takes over and uses their high-speed rail
       | expertise to get the job done.
        
         | sillyquiet wrote:
         | China's secret sauce in building their rail lines: Ignore
         | environmental mitigation. Extremely low labor costs. Little or
         | no cost for the land over which the line ran. Probably pretty
         | extreme control over every supply vertical. I very much doubt
         | it's a matter of 'expertise'
        
           | throwawayboise wrote:
           | Exactly. You can be sure that when China wants to build a new
           | rail line, there are no environmental impact studies, or
           | objections from NIMBYs. They just do it.
        
           | akg_67 wrote:
           | How do you think US built their rail network?
        
             | sillyquiet wrote:
             | Well yeah, but I don't think it'll fly nowadays. And
             | shouldn't
        
               | AtlasBarfed wrote:
               | How does your food get made, your food get picked, your
               | grass get cut, your meat get packed, etc?
               | 
               | Well being that this is the federal government, it
               | doesn't get to use the immigrant labor that the private
               | sector does, so you are right.
        
               | sillyquiet wrote:
               | You're not going to get much argument from me about how
               | private industry exploits under-the-table labor. Doesn't
               | mean it's a good thing when done under government aegis
        
               | FreakyT wrote:
               | Realistically you can't get big infrastructure projects
               | built without angering _some_ group of people. People
               | here in the US love the highway system, but there's
               | absolutely no way anything like it could be built today.
               | 
               | At some point we just need to decide that a project is
               | worth building, and _will_ be built, regardless of the
               | opposition.
        
               | tolbish wrote:
               | "Angering some group of people" is one way to put it.
               | "Railroad labor camps" would be more accurate.
        
           | dilap wrote:
           | I could recast each of those as:
           | 
           | - Effective cost benefit analysis that realizes rail is a net
           | win environmentally
           | 
           | - Ability to control costs & graft on large projects to keep
           | labor costs reasonable
           | 
           | - Effective government that understands it's worthwhile to
           | allow some private loss for the net public good
           | 
           | At the end of the day, I believe we'd all be better off with
           | more highspeed rail in the US. There's is no fundamental lack
           | of resources preventing us from doing it; the problem is a
           | lack of competence and political organization.
        
           | gpvos wrote:
           | I recently read that China is expanding their rail network
           | extra-fast now because the labour costs are still low; they
           | expect them to rise soon. The other things are a factor as
           | well, of course, and their expertise must definitely be
           | growing by leaps and bounds as well.
        
           | willyt wrote:
           | Better to compare to France then. They build high speed lines
           | for between 1/5th and 1/20th of the cost of the one the UK is
           | building. Just to prempt the France is flat and land is cheap
           | arguments. 1/5th is the cost of the section of line between
           | Lyon and Marseille that crosses the Massif Central with 50
           | tunnels and bridges and plenty of earthworks. The cost of
           | land acquisition is only PS8bn of the PS100bn+ cost of HS2.
        
           | beowulfey wrote:
           | Europe is a much better indicator then. Tunnels are a good
           | example, but you could do the same analysis for other types
           | of infrastructure. For whatever reason, tunnel costs are
           | significantly cheaper in other countries compared the USA
           | [1]. There has to be a good reason!
           | 
           | [1] https://tunnelingonline.com/why-tunnels-in-the-us-cost-
           | much-...
        
         | HenryKissinger wrote:
         | The town of Vulcan, West Virginia only got funding for a much-
         | needed bridge in 1977 from state officials after appealing to
         | the Soviet and East German governments for aid, receiving much
         | publicity over their plight from the USSR.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | Ironic considering the political leanings of West Virginia
           | today.
        
       | axiolite wrote:
       | Amtrak hasn't worked out. The USPS no longer needs mail sorting
       | cars, and air travel has been deregulated and is highly cost
       | competitive.
       | 
       | The Amtrak system should just be abolished, except in the North
       | East corridor where they own much of the tracks.
       | 
       | Remove the prohibition from mixing freight and passenger cars,
       | and in fact partially subsidize freight carriers having an Amtrak
       | car at the back of most every freigt train... partially
       | subsidized to ensure they will making stops in the small remote
       | cities without other transit options. Modernize the systems to
       | allow bypassing stops with no-one waiting to get on or off, and
       | use more cameras and intercoms with fewer on-train employees to
       | keep costs down while still supervising and assisting passengers.
       | 
       | Technology is marching on, and if Amtrak doesn't make these sorts
       | of changes soon, it'll become entirely redundant. Passenger
       | trains are faster and more efficient than automobiles right now,
       | but a near-future with self-driving, fully electric vehicles on
       | non-pneumatic tires could be faster, cheaper, and less polluting
       | than passenger rail.
        
       | sudosteph wrote:
       | As a North Carolinian, I'm incredibly psyched about this map. Not
       | only because it finally includes an Asheville connection, but
       | because connecting the piedmont cities with high speed rail could
       | be a game changer for job mobilitiy and affordable home ownership
       | in the region. Many people don't realize how dense the population
       | of the NC piedmont is, because it's not localized around one big
       | city. But if you follow that line between Charlotte and Raleigh,
       | you'll actually find about 6.5million people over 11.2k sq miles,
       | which is comparable to Atlanta's 6.5 million over 10.5k sq
       | miles![1]
       | 
       | Right now, the best jobs in the state are divided between
       | Charlotte-area, and Triangle area (Raleigh and Durham). House
       | prices are going up like crazy in those areas, meanwhile the more
       | affordable cities that are outside the range of a comfortable
       | commute to those cities (High Point -> Triangle), (Winston ->
       | Charlotte) can't quite compete with the network effects around
       | banking, healthcare, and tech that are driving the growth in the
       | big areas. Those cities wouldn't actually be a terrible a commute
       | away from Charlotte or The Triangle (45min-1hour in ideal
       | conditions), but traffic during peak hours and constant road
       | construction along those routes would make it miserable.
       | 
       | If there was fast, reliable train service, I could definitely see
       | commuters giving those areas a closer look. Especially since so
       | many jobs these days seem to be less stringent about office time
       | (ie, only go into the office 2x a week).
       | 
       | [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piedmont_Crescent
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | antiterra wrote:
         | Winston may not be keeping up with Charlotte or RTP but it has
         | Novant and Wake Forest School of Medicine which are decent
         | anchors for its own growth and continued transition from
         | tobacco economy.
        
       | kjrose wrote:
       | I love via rail in canada and I used it both to travel between
       | Toronto and Montreal and to travel all the way west to Edmonton.
       | From my many travels I learned that while commuter rail (read go
       | trains) can do well, long distance rail just doesn't make sense
       | anymore. Neither financially nor practically. It's a two day trip
       | from Toronto to Edmonton.
       | 
       | The trip from Toronto to Montreal is a full day and is worth it
       | if you hate flying and want to avoid security. However as it gets
       | used more and more they are adding more airport style security
       | features taking away that benefit as well.
       | 
       | Now, when I travelled to Japan and rode the shinkansen I really
       | enjoyed it and was amazed by how quickly I could get around. But
       | I also saw how absurdly expensive it was and how without
       | government support on top it fundamentally would be impossible
       | except in the highest density corridors of Canada and the US.
       | 
       | I love trains. Absolutely adore them. But I cannot see how in the
       | low density areas of North America they can remotely compete with
       | cars or airlines.
        
         | phamilton wrote:
         | I'm a fan of overnight rail. If high speed rail were available,
         | Toronto to Edmonton would be about 11 hours. Grab a 10pm train
         | and arrive at 7am (with time change). I'd take that over a 5
         | hour flight.
        
           | kjrose wrote:
           | Oh it'd be nice but it'd be as expensive if not more than a
           | first class flight.
           | 
           | The sleeper car I got for the 2 night trip cost me quite a
           | chunk of change.
        
             | phamilton wrote:
             | I wonder if high speed rail would be cheaper. Is the
             | primary cost driver time or miles?
             | 
             | I could see a scenario where getting a sleeper car for 10
             | hours would be cheaper than getting one for 36 hours.
        
       | talknewswale wrote:
       | chotte kaarobaariyoN ko cup kraayaa jaa rhaa hai
       | https://talknewswale.com
        
       | magwa101 wrote:
       | Electric busses, battery swaps, reserved lanes / streets. At
       | least for cities I wonder why this isn't proposed more. If you
       | look at LA you take major EW and NS roads and take cars off of
       | them. Bikes, busses, pedestrians. It seems we want to make
       | everything better without making any changes to existing
       | infrastructure/thinking.
        
       | elymar wrote:
       | South Dakota gets no love.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | transfire wrote:
       | The southern route is some sort of joke. I've taken the train
       | twice from Santa Fe, NM to Sanford, FL. Both times it went
       | through Chicago, IL. Talk about indirect! I later read that due
       | to some sort of federal shinanigans all routes crossing the
       | Mississippi go via Chicago. Does the southern route ever get
       | used?
        
       | fasteddie31003 wrote:
       | I'm not sure how a train is any better than a bus with a
       | dedicated lane for travel for less than 100 miles. I really don't
       | see how light rail is better than buses. Buses have so many more
       | advantages. 1. easy rerouting to more busy lines 2. not blocked
       | if one in front breaks down, 3. resale to other bus lines. 4.
       | less up front cost. I think we could reinvent the bus to make it
       | more comfortable and appealing.
        
         | username90 wrote:
         | Roads that can handle heavy driving are much more expensive
         | than train tracks, especially per capacity. Adding passenger
         | train capacity is therefore the cheapest way to reduce load on
         | your roads.
        
         | Oddskar wrote:
         | Well I'm pretty sure how a train is better than a bus.
         | 
         | High speed trains are three times as fast.
        
           | topkai22 wrote:
           | None of the existing routes are built for high speed trains
           | and the infrastructure investment proposed ($80B) is far too
           | small to even begin any sort of meaningful high speed rail
           | service.
        
           | phamilton wrote:
           | This is key. I can drive faster than Amtrak if there's no
           | traffic. Modern high speed trains change a lot of the math.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | Crossing the midwest diagonally, you're rarely going to be
             | able to drive faster than 65 mph (legally). Even slow US
             | trains can do 80 mph (though they do stop, too, and
             | frequently get delayed by freight). If you could run trains
             | at even 100mph, which is far from a "modern high speed
             | train", driving would never be faster.
        
               | phamilton wrote:
               | SLC to Oakland is about 3 hours faster by car than by
               | rail right now.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | That's crossing the west, or even the west of the west.
               | Trains are slower through that section.
               | 
               | A 100mph train (again, not a modern high speed train)
               | with limited stops would beat the car. Not sure the track
               | could be built for this in this geography, however.
        
               | phamilton wrote:
               | Yes, though the speed limit along the same stretch across
               | Nevada is 80 mph, with the general flow of traffic
               | between 85-90mph. Legality aside, the roads are very high
               | quality and you can cruise along at 100 mph without much
               | difficulty in a car.
               | 
               | 100+ mph roads aren't unheard of (see autobahn). Neither
               | are 100+ mph trains. The fact that neither is available
               | is frustrating.
        
           | fasteddie31003 wrote:
           | I said for less than 100 miles of travel.
        
         | dilap wrote:
         | For me, it's just so much nicer to travel by train.
        
           | fasteddie31003 wrote:
           | Agreed. We should make buses more appealing IMO.
        
             | dilap wrote:
             | I think some of it is unavoidable. E.g., I tend to get
             | carsick on busses if I try to read or use a computer, but
             | not on trains -- something about the nature of the motion.
        
         | pmayrgundter wrote:
         | I think there's a bit of complimentary too.. like you say,
         | buses are easier to build up, which helps grow the market for
         | shared transport between population centers. That's the market
         | that needs to be big to justify rail investment. Also eg in
         | Europe, they live together nicely with FlixBus providing
         | frequent, fast and cheap service between cities but seemingly
         | not killing the rail. Maybe this is an example of the Jevons
         | Paradox.. it's actually the greater efficiency of each (over
         | cars or air) that creates the greater demand
        
         | adamjb wrote:
         | Easy rerouting is also a disadvantage: no one wants to rely on
         | a service that can be effortlessly taken away.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | This is one of the big arguments for light rail over buses.
           | Once it's built, development can take place along the route
           | with fairly high confidence that it will run, albeit perhaps
           | on a reduced schedule, even if ridership doesn't meet
           | projections.
        
         | sacredcows wrote:
         | Trains are more energy-efficient than buses, have lower
         | operating costs (especially if electric), more comfortable. In
         | terms of light rail vs bus however >easy rerouting to more busy
         | lines ... you can just increase frequency >not blocked if one
         | in front breaks down This is a risk, but generally the idea is
         | to do enough preventative maintenance so that this doesn't
         | happen and to have sufficient crossover switches to work around
         | this >Resale to other bus lines It's best to just use your
         | vehicles until EOL, Toronto used their last generation LRVs for
         | decades- far longer than a bus would last. >Less upfront cost
         | That's REALLY not a benefit. This is why American
         | infrastructure is failing: a failure to consider maintenance
         | cost or have any long-term thinking. The bus can not really get
         | more comfortable. Drive on a smooth road and have a great
         | suspension system: it'll still be less comfortable than a
         | smooth ride on a train.
         | 
         | This whole "one mode to rule them all" attitude- common in
         | American news media- is toxic. Cars, trains, buses, planes, and
         | more all have their place.
        
         | kolinko wrote:
         | How much time did you spend in a bus vs train? I would choose a
         | medium quality train over any quality bus, if we're talking
         | about comfort
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > I'm not sure how a train is any better than a bus
         | 
         | kWh/passenger-mile, which, even if you assume both have
         | environmentally-equal power sources, means environmental
         | impact.
         | 
         | Probably also easier to keep other vehicles off your
         | "dedicated" lane with a train.
        
         | CydeWeys wrote:
         | You're forgetting about traffic. I've taken the NYC to DC bus
         | quite a few times, and have had anything from 4 to 7 hours in
         | travel time depending on how bad traffic is on the road and
         | whether there's any accidents. Now if they'd put a dedicated
         | bus lane on the highway that'd be much better, but sadly it
         | doesn't exist.
         | 
         | Train service between the two cities, meanwhile, is much more
         | reliable in how long it's actually going to take.
        
       | annoyingnoob wrote:
       | > President Biden's plan would revolutionize the way Americans
       | travel, finally launching U.S. passengers into the 21st century
       | 
       | How sad that our trains suck so badly.
        
       | antattack wrote:
       | I would like to see planned cost of tickets. Last time I looked
       | cost of taking rail as very close to flying.
       | 
       | EDIT: here's an example:
       | 
       | Amtrak NY to Florida: $123 to 200 (21h)
       | 
       | Flight NY to Florida: $69 to 97 (3.5h)
       | 
       | Amtrak Iowa to California: $300 (52h)
       | 
       | Flight Iowa to California: $200 - 300 (6h)
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | I assume you are talking about having your own cabin/sleeper?
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | With long distance train, sleepers are usually much more than
           | flying. (This is true in Europe as well for the most part.)
           | And even regular seats may be significantly more expensive.
           | 
           | A few years back I casually looked into taking an overnight
           | train to Chicago from the East Coast and it was going to be
           | something like 4x the cost of flying.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | $123 definitely does not cover a sleeper.
        
           | 0xffff2 wrote:
           | No way. I'm looking at taking a train from Southern Oregon to
           | Southern California in a couple of months (mostly because I
           | can and I just don't feel like flying or driving). The price
           | for a sleeper one way is $350. The return trip is $450.
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | Won't NIMBYs just tie every square inch of track up in endless
       | lawsuits until Rearden gives up?
        
       | spikels wrote:
       | > "You and your family could travel coast to coast without a
       | single tank of gas onboard a high-speed train," Biden said at the
       | plan's unveiling.
       | 
       | This makes no sense and will never happen. And this plan will
       | make no significant progress towards this pipe dream.
       | 
       | This is a bald-faced lie to sell a political proposal.
        
       | gaoshan wrote:
       | The train line shown going through Cleveland is already in
       | operation. I would love to be able to take the train to Chicago
       | or Boston or NYC. However,
       | 
       | - It is not cheap
       | 
       | - it is not reliable (time wise)
       | 
       | - it is not fast
       | 
       | - it requires leaving in the middle of the night or before the
       | crack of dawn
       | 
       | Make it so that the cost is effective, the trip arrives on time,
       | it is not significantly slower than driving and let me leave at a
       | sane hour and then they will have something useful.
        
       | jessaustin wrote:
       | This can't be real. They're connecting Denver to Pueblo but not
       | La Junta which is 60 more miles across flat prairie with 700'
       | difference in elevation. With the connection one could reasonably
       | travel from Denver to Kansas City or Dallas. Without it the
       | closest routes are through Chicago or Los Angeles. I do
       | appreciate the idea that St Louis could get "enhanced services"
       | to Chicago, however. Right now taking the bus is more convenient.
        
         | mlinksva wrote:
         | Is taking the bus between St. Louis and Chicago really more
         | convenient now than the train (Lincoln Service)? Google maps
         | seems to show Greyhound taking over an hour longer, by a less
         | direct route (through Champaign). I've taken the Lincoln
         | Service several times, though only Chicago to/from Normal or
         | Springfield, and it was very convenient. Wish it were faster
         | (and IIRC long-delayed upgrades aren't going to shave much
         | time), but I'm glad it exists.
        
       | roody15 wrote:
       | Not to be a Debbie downer but I was an elected city councilman in
       | an Illinois city for 8 years (4 elections). In 2012 during Obama
       | years we were told a new Amtrak rail line from Iowa City to
       | Chicago with a large new station in the quad cities had been
       | approved. (first pitched in 2009/2010 from Obama admin)
       | 
       | We were told that funding was already approved and project would
       | be completed by 2018.
       | 
       | In 2018 we were told project and money were allocated and the
       | project would now start in 2019 but had been delayed.
       | 
       | Fast forward to 2021 ... nothing ever happened. Some people
       | inspected the rail lines.. they improved a couple of crossings.
       | That's it.
       | 
       | Honestly it's been a bit disheartening to see how slow and
       | difficult things seem to move at the federal and state level :(
       | 
       | https://www.rtands.com/passenger/intercity/quad-cities-to-ch...
        
       | perardi wrote:
       | Listen, I love mass transit, I love big sweeping plans...but
       | remember when the last administration Biden was in was all about
       | this?
       | 
       | https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2009/04/16/a-visio...
       | 
       | Obama's high-speed rail plan went absolutely nowhere, in part
       | because Republican governors flatly refused to participate.
       | 
       | https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2010/12/no-high...
        
         | melling wrote:
         | Maybe skip the vision and simply build one reasonably priced
         | high-speed line somewhere. LA to Vegas?
         | 
         | California has been trying to build a line for 5 decades. Now
         | the price is beyond reasonable.
         | 
         | China built 22,000 miles for under 500 billion?
         | 
         | At this point we've got to be near ready for 300 mph maglevs.
        
           | perardi wrote:
           | _Maybe skip the vision and simply build one reasonably priced
           | high-speed line somewhere. LA to Vegas?_
           | 
           | ...well, OK, but then you say...
           | 
           |  _California has been trying to build a line for 5 decades.
           | Now the price is beyond reasonable._
           | 
           | So I'm not sure how we get to that reasonably priced point.
        
             | NickM wrote:
             | _So I 'm not sure how we get to that reasonably priced
             | point. _
             | 
             | Well I'm no expert, but other countries seem to be managing
             | it just fine.
        
           | sillyquiet wrote:
           | I wonder much attention China paid to environmental
           | mitigation, labor costs, and the cost of the property over
           | which these lines ran.
        
             | melling wrote:
             | Moving a billion people a year by rail is likely much more
             | environmentally friendly than with cars and planes.
        
             | db48x wrote:
             | Building a new rail line is wonderfully easy when nobody
             | actually owns the land they live on.
        
               | apostacy wrote:
               | Most high speed rail lines are just upgrades to existing
               | lines.
               | 
               | We already have these rights of way settled. That is all
               | the more reason that should not be abandoned.
               | 
               | It is typical to run minimal service to maintain the
               | route, until service can be improved. China's passenger
               | rail in rural areas looked downright dysfunctional 25
               | years ago, until it was upgraded, now it is the best in
               | the world.
               | 
               | I think it is perfectly fine to run empty trains to the
               | middle of nowhere.
               | 
               | NYC runs excessive service to neighborhoods that don't
               | need it. There are four different lines to Coney Island
               | that are nearly empty by the time they reach their
               | destination, even during rush hour. They should not be
               | abandoned though, because those neighborhoods have the
               | capacity to grow. Neighborhoods that were lower traffic
               | 20 years ago have only improved because of subway access,
               | and are now reaching capacity limits. If we keep pruning
               | parts of the network that are under-performing, we will
               | be left with nothing.
               | 
               | I don't think that characterizing mass transit networks
               | as unidirectional money sinks is correct. Cost goes in
               | the other direction as well; if you invest more, then
               | they expand and more people use them, and then they
               | become more efficient to operate.
               | 
               | Eventually, populations align themselves around well
               | developed public transit, but that can take decades. We
               | just spent decades re-aligning the population around
               | government subsidized highways and air travel, that's
               | all.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | >Most high speed rail lines are just upgrades to existing
               | lines. We already have these rights of way settled. That
               | is all the more reason that should not be abandoned.
               | 
               | Most of that is used for freight as well. You can't
               | realistically use the same rails for freight and high
               | speed rail. So if we want high speed rail it will have to
               | be entirely new tracks in a new right of way.
        
               | spikels wrote:
               | > You can't realistically use the same rails for freight
               | and high speed rail.
               | 
               | Exactly. When Europe decided to upgrade their passenger
               | rail system last century they cannibalized their century-
               | old existing freight network. Now 75% of their freight
               | (by weight-distance) is by diesel truck and only 19% by
               | rail (mostly in Eastern Europe). Similar thing happened
               | in Japan. Obviously these are huge trade offs: costs,
               | efficiency, quality, pollution, etc.
               | 
               | Transportation systems are extremely complex. High speed
               | passenger rail is just one small part of this huge
               | picture.
               | 
               | Transportation By Mode (EU, US, Japan)
               | 
               | Freight: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Modal-Split-
               | of-Freight-T...
               | 
               | Passenger: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Modal-
               | Split-of-Passenger...
        
               | db48x wrote:
               | Higher speed trains require a larger turn radius. The NE
               | corridor is so built up that buying the land to widen all
               | the curves would be a huge expense. Buying up people's
               | houses and businesses and tearing them down to build a
               | faster train line might not pay off in the long term.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | A lot of commuter rail is like that. When I take commuter
               | rail into Boston, it's almost empty when I get on or off
               | near the end of the line while it's often standing room
               | only during peak times by the time it gets near the city.
        
           | dmos62 wrote:
           | Train travel in China is great! I really wish Europe had
           | international train lines like that.
        
       | fallingknife wrote:
       | Here's the problem:
       | 
       | short trips - cars beat trains
       | 
       | long trips- planes beat trains
       | 
       | This is why we have successful train service only in the
       | northeast where the trips are medium length, and cars advantages
       | are mitigated by the awful traffic on 95.
        
         | thrower123 wrote:
         | Basically the Acela corridor only works because Boston, New
         | York, and Washington DC actually have working subway systems,
         | so when you get dumped off at the train station, you can get
         | somewhere within the city without paying a bajillion dollars in
         | taxis or Ubers.
         | 
         | People also like to point at the German train system, which is
         | very good, but mostly people have the experience of coming into
         | Berlin on it, and again, Berlin has one of the best public
         | transit systems in the world.
        
           | techsupporter wrote:
           | Agreed about Berlin, but to me that says that as part of a
           | commitment to HSR, we also have a commitment to local
           | transport. Fortunately, there's a lot of low-hanging fruit
           | here.
           | 
           | For example, I live in Seattle. We regularly vote to tax
           | ourselves to build and operate transit service. In 2019, just
           | before the pandemic hit, we had a 10-minute citywide bus
           | network with fast, easy transfers across about 85% of the
           | city. People used the heck out of it, especially in
           | combination with the two light rail stations that opened in
           | 2016.
           | 
           | When my spouse and I took a three-week trip across Germany to
           | see where parts of our family are from[0], we didn't touch
           | the wheel of a car once. Big city like Frankfurt, small town
           | like Lutherstadt Wittenberg, in-between like Leipzig, they
           | all worked. They were some combination of walkable,
           | understandable bus service, and local rail.
           | 
           | There's infrastructure and there's culture. Americans don't
           | have the idea that cities and towns can be accessible on foot
           | and by transport, so we don't hold ourselves to that
           | standard. But we could, with no loss of convenience for many
           | of us.
        
         | pharmakom wrote:
         | If you have a set route, like a commute from the suburbs into a
         | city, then a train should be the better choice.
         | 
         | If it isn't then your local authority does a poor job on
         | infrastructure.
        
           | 2ion wrote:
           | A friend is living in the Japanese sticks but on a Shinkansen
           | line. He commutes via Shinkansen directly to Shinagawa
           | station, almost next to his office. Zero changes, a 1hour
           | train ride with reserved seating in a quiet environment. He
           | almost always clocks in for the ride and does quiet work, but
           | it's also a great way to relax. The expensive train fare is
           | essentially what he saves on Tokyo rent in exchange for being
           | able to afford a great house with a large yard.
        
             | smcl wrote:
             | This sounds quite idyllic, your friend is very lucky
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | If I'm going into Boston from the ex-urb where I live, I'll
           | take the commuter rail if I go in "9-5" because the commute
           | at rush hour is awful and parking is expensive. But it
           | doesn't work if I'm going in for an evening event, say,
           | because the drive isn't as bad, parking tends to be cheaper,
           | and the schedules outside of rush hour are not frequent.
           | 
           | In general, train on the Northeast Corridor is pretty good
           | especially if you're not going the whole route. But I
           | actually would be faster to drive to Manhattan than taking
           | the Acela. However, it's a lousy drive and I hate driving
           | into Manhattan.
        
           | fallingknife wrote:
           | The problem is that you have to get to the station and then
           | from the other station to your destination. This really only
           | works in 2 situations. Dense urban centers where it makes
           | sense to have stations at walking distance intervals, or
           | cases where the city is so hard to drive/park in that it
           | makes sense to drive to the rail station and then catch a
           | train in (e.g. NY). Other than that it is fairly impossible
           | to match the convenience of a car.
        
             | gpvos wrote:
             | Local infrastructure should optimize for bicycles (and
             | walking too). Then you can have your stations at decent
             | distances both from living districts and from each other.
        
               | marcusverus wrote:
               | This might work in northern locales, but given the
               | climate it's not practicable here in the American South.
               | Nobody wants to walk or ride a bike through sweltering
               | heat (i.e. ~85-90degF with high humidity) from May
               | through September.
        
               | gpvos wrote:
               | One wonders how people were capable of living there
               | before the invention of the car.
        
       | m463 wrote:
       | Anyone have a working link to the map pdf?
        
       | cbradford wrote:
       | The population density has shown that this is a use less
       | endeavor, and post COVID this makes little sense. We should be
       | discouraging any commute for work. The idea of funneling people
       | from the suburbs into the city daily is an idea whose time has
       | past. Spend the money to upgrade internet infra and start
       | deconstructing the cities. There should be an immense tax on any
       | commuting into a center city to massively discourage that
       | wasteful and environmentally harmful activity
        
         | mixmastamyk wrote:
         | Looks like an interstate network to me, not commuter rail.
        
       | Freestyler_3 wrote:
       | It will never happen, everyone knows it. Just a hand out
       | disguised as a plan for the people.
        
       | ben_w wrote:
       | Given the Amtrack link 404s [0], I have to ask if the picture in
       | the article is supposed to be "it"? It shows _zero_ stops in
       | South Dakota!
       | 
       | By way of comparison, here is a map of European rail:
       | https://www.eurail.com/content/dam/maps/Eurail-Map-2021.pdf
       | 
       | [0] https://media.amtrak.com/wp-
       | content/uploads/2021/04/Amtrak-C...
        
         | zokier wrote:
         | If comparing to European rail map, it is useful to keep in mind
         | the population density map too, e.g.
         | https://i.redd.it/kdi05qrq65o31.png
        
         | CyanLite4 wrote:
         | Article discusses the lack of stops in S.D.
        
         | Jiejeing wrote:
         | This european map is only showing stops in somewhat big cities,
         | there are certainly thousands not pictured (I am inferring this
         | from the french map at least, it make sense for readability
         | though).
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | Same for the U.K., Germany, The Netherlands, and Switzerland
           | based on my experience in each; however this is the opposite
           | of my concern, as I'm saying the American map that Amtrack
           | are trying to show off with looks worryingly blank.
        
           | zulln wrote:
           | Our third most used train station in Sweden is not included
           | in that map. Makes me wonder what criteria they used.
        
         | burlesona wrote:
         | A better map would omit that entire line from Spokane to Fargo.
         | That's an incredible span with next to no population along it.
         | Such lines are a big drain on Amtrak's ability to turn a
         | profit, which - sadly - it must do because subsidizing rail is
         | a political albatross.
        
           | niftich wrote:
           | The line from Spokane to Fargo hosts the Empire Builder,
           | which is Amtrak's highest-ridership long distance train
           | service [1].
           | 
           | [1] http://media.amtrak.com/wp-
           | content/uploads/2019/11/FY19-Year...
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | I'm actually surprised that those long distance ridership
             | numbers are as high as they are relative to something like
             | the Northeast Corridor. I assume that must include some
             | moderately popular but much shorter segments.
        
             | burlesona wrote:
             | But what is the operating cost vs income?
             | 
             | I like rail service and wish we had better. But right now
             | there's this political albatross in the US that rail is a
             | slow, inefficient, money pit. That argument has some weight
             | when you look at those super long distance lines. But when
             | you exclude them and focus on the northeast corridor where
             | Amtrak has good quality of service, the argument falls
             | apart.
             | 
             | To me, the long game for the US to have better rail service
             | means focusing on delivering excellent service quality in
             | the places where they can to get some wins. Then expand
             | service as they can while maintaining quality.
             | 
             | Sprinkling "a little rail" broadly across the country costs
             | a lot more money and delivers far lower quality service. We
             | only do it because of the need to get the senators from
             | rural states to support our federal rail program.
        
         | kilovoltaire wrote:
         | Archived link [pdf]:
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20210414165446if_/http://media.a...
        
       | danielschonfeld wrote:
       | How is it that in the year 2021, visionary infrastructure project
       | is investing in an old and slow rail network? Why can Dubai work
       | on hyper loop and for us Amtrak is the best we can come up with?
       | 
       | Maybe our politicians are a bit too old for the job of
       | visionaries?
        
         | WhompingWindows wrote:
         | Hyperloop would be nice but it's not a proven technology.
         | Amtrak already exists and could use improvement and
         | maintenance. If Hyperloop is proven out in a more innovative
         | place, I'm sure Americans will eventually get on board.
        
       | bredren wrote:
       | Is the prospect of some hyperloop implementation impacted by this
       | plan?
        
       | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
       | https://media.amtrak.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Amtrak-C...
       | 
       | The damn map from Amtrak goes to a 404. I wish we would just get
       | some other company than Amtrak to implement the rail. I love the
       | idea of rail, it's a shame that Amtrak is somehow incredibly more
       | expensive than flying every time I check the prices.
        
         | itspublic wrote:
         | Congress could deregulate passenger rail and allow competition.
         | Amtrak is a government monopoly. There's the chance that
         | passenger rail isn't profitable and that it disappears but I've
         | always thought that would be unlikely
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | Put differently: it's a shame that as passengers we pay so
         | little of the real cost of flying that train travel can appear
         | expensive by comparison.
        
         | ajcp wrote:
         | Have you tried booking a ticket? It throws an unhandled error:
         | "Cannot read property 'sysError' of undefined". Can't make this
         | shit up.
        
         | kilovoltaire wrote:
         | Archived link [pdf]:
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20210414165446if_/http://media.a...
        
       | CyanLite4 wrote:
       | Amtrak is far too slow to be relevant. Greyhound buses are
       | faster. Renting a car and just driving yourself is nearly as
       | efficient.
        
       | okprod wrote:
       | $80B isn't enough to overhaul US train infrastructure and all the
       | related challenges, and I wouldn't be surprised if a lot of it
       | ends up going to high-bid/low-result vendors. Other countries
       | have had high speed rail for 10-50 years already.
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | $80B isn't enough to build a train from SF to LA apparently.
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | How many of these lines (particularly out west) involve laying
       | new track? The article merely refers vaguely to "new rail
       | corridors" which could equally be satisfied by using existing
       | right of way.
       | 
       | If there's new track, the paths chosen could be laid out to
       | support subsequent high speed upgrades (or be high speed out the
       | door, though I'm not sure enough money has been allocated).
       | 
       | The denser network in the more densely settled east coast may not
       | permit HSR at all (though Europe managed even in more densely
       | populated areas).
        
       | api wrote:
       | It would be nice if this got built, but I will be shocked if it
       | does. The only way it will happen is if we take a battering ram
       | to a massive amount of red tape, NIMBY resistance, and car and
       | airline industry lobbying.
        
         | AtlasBarfed wrote:
         | As evidenced by COVID, America is too dysfunctional to achieve
         | this. China's advantage in this arena is that they are a mostly
         | functioning autocracy and can ram through (literally) paths for
         | a train where needed.
        
         | 1cvmask wrote:
         | The biggest hindrance is the environmental red tape and then
         | the corruption. China has high speed trains from Shanghai to
         | Beijing and that is roughly the distance of Chicago to NYC.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | All you need is a strong federal push.
           | 
           | States aren't capable of building big infrastructure like
           | this. Federal cash with federal strings attached is
           | incredibly effective.
           | 
           | Look at interstate highways as an example. Fairly standard
           | overpass bridge replacements cost $50M. Project quality
           | varies but stuff gets built mostly on time and with minimal
           | corruption.
        
             | marcinzm wrote:
             | Federal push also bypasses some of the state level
             | corruption and graft.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | You mean NIMBY resistance like using eminent domain to take a
         | lot of people's property? It's certainly sometimes appropriate
         | but there should rightly be a high bar.
        
       | burlesona wrote:
       | It's a good map, but it would be better if there were more dotted
       | lines. Amtrak needs to be relieved of its obligation to run
       | coast-to-coast money pit lines and focus on building up
       | successful regional networks that can make money. Perhaps if it
       | were allowed to do that for a generation, it would be able to
       | gradually make some of the ends of healthy and profitable
       | regional networks connect again.
        
         | apostacy wrote:
         | Consider that most regional airline routes to rural parts of
         | the country are subsidized as well (and far more is spent on
         | it). Most of Alaska would lose air service. Large chunks of
         | Texas, Arizona, and Alabama would be cut off.
         | 
         | I think we need to have a concept of essential rail service,
         | like we have with road and air.
         | 
         | These routes should have have any obligation to make money,
         | because they provide a benefit to tax payers. Most
         | infrastructure is just accepted as something that should be
         | funded.
         | 
         | Another reason these long distance routes should be left intact
         | is because they are an important anchor for eventually
         | expanding to high speed rail.
         | 
         | China kept their unprofitable rural slow passenger routes into
         | the distant corners of their country, and now they are
         | converting them to high speed.
        
           | burlesona wrote:
           | China is an authoritarian state, so they can do any number of
           | things that are strategic without worrying about popularity.
           | 
           | In the US, at the federal level at least, rail has a serious
           | popularity problem which makes it politically difficult to
           | sustain. That problem is largely driven by the fact that
           | outside of the northeast our rail service is a joke.
           | 
           | If we want to have good quality rail across the country --
           | which I would like to have, fwiw -- I think we'd get there
           | faster by focusing on serving just a few places with very
           | high quality rail that everyone else would actually want.
           | Then we could gradually expand the system with concentrated
           | investments that hit that quality bar. After a generation of
           | that, we could have broadly popular rail with a high quality
           | of service. Perhaps that could even include highly subsidized
           | service to rural areas, in the same way we have intensely
           | subsidized highway and postal services to such places today.
           | 
           | But I think if we want to get there we need to start with a
           | smaller goal of regional networks that are GOOD, so that
           | people's perception of rail changes.
        
             | lolsal wrote:
             | I think you are 100% correct. Before I consider a train
             | ride from coast to coast I need to see my large metropolis
             | area implement local/regional lines that are good and
             | useful. Optimize for my 80% use case, not my 20% use case!
        
           | kevindong wrote:
           | Functionally, the vast majority of the Amtrak network is
           | already the rail equivalent of Essential Air Service (EAS,
           | gov-subsidized passenger air routes). Including government
           | subsidies on a large percentage on routes. The NEC is the
           | only Amtrak route that makes any meaningful amount of profit.
           | 
           | See last page of the FY 2019 annual report (Amtrak's FY 2019
           | ended on Sep. 30, 2019; aka pre-pandemic): https://www.amtrak
           | .com/content/dam/projects/dotcom/english/p...
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | Exactly what financial benefit could there be in isolating
         | those networks from each other? Probably 2% of people taking a
         | long line are taking it from end to end. In the case of the
         | route that goes from Chicago to Los Angeles, via New Orleans,
         | I'd be surprised if the number weren't more like 0.02%.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | That's actually because the TX Eagle via San Antonio or the
           | SW Chief does that pair
        
       | jessriedel wrote:
       | Regardless of the feasibility of rail in the US, I cannot think
       | of anything less forward-looking then continuing to sink public
       | money into the particular company Amtrak.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | Have you experienced European rail?
        
           | eplanit wrote:
           | Yes, and the best of the best: Japan. But, the point is that
           | we're taking about Amtrak -- have you experienced them?
           | 
           | The odds of Amtrak pulling this off are near 0. They earned
           | their poor reputation.
        
             | newsclues wrote:
             | I took a multi day trip on via rail.
             | 
             | Also used high speed trains in Germany.
             | 
             | I understand the resistance but there is no technical
             | problem that prevents efficient passenger rail services in
             | North America, we just need to do it.
        
               | eplanit wrote:
               | Oh, I'd love to see it. If we could accomplish a
               | Shinkansen...!
               | 
               | But again, with Amtrak's record, where does the
               | confidence come from that they could pull it off? As is
               | pointed out above, it has never really succeeded, and has
               | been propped-up by the government its entire life.
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | Government has a poor track record yet they continue to
               | have confidence.
               | 
               | Change leadership, change direction and continually
               | improve.
        
             | dangus wrote:
             | Amtrak is perfectly fine. I've used it on overnight trips
             | on the crummiest long distance services. Yeah, I mean, it's
             | no European or Japanese or Chinese rail. But the idea that
             | Amtrak can't do something just because they're Amtrak is
             | ridiculous. They're a part of the federal government, the
             | only thing that the federal government needs to do things
             | is political will.
             | 
             | This rail plan is 100% realistic because it appropriately
             | de-emphasizes long distance rail that Amtrak is so infamous
             | for.
             | 
             | It targets expansion in very obviously lacking intercity
             | regions. These new routes will be profitable for the
             | government either directly or in lasting economic benefits.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yeah, the Northeast Corridor is fine. Would it be nice if
               | Boston to DC wasn't an all-day trip? Sure. But the two
               | halves of the route are very competitive with air travel
               | and I'll take them over flying unless I'm connecting to
               | another flight.
               | 
               | I've also rarely taken other city pairs.
               | 
               | What isn't practical except mostly as a one-off tourist
               | thing for someone with lots of time is going Chicago to
               | Seattle and similar routes or fantasies of drilling a
               | tunnel through the Appalachians for a fast NY to Chicago
               | run.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | Amtrak is not technically part of the federal government.
               | It was set up as a private, for-profit corporation that
               | is jointly owned by the government and the railroads
               | whose passenger operations were turned over to Amtrak.
               | The federal government's control over Amtrak is meant to
               | end once Amtrak is able to operate independently, but
               | Amtrak has never really been on a path to
               | independent/profitable operations and will probably never
               | get there.
               | 
               | Amtrak's biggest challenge is that its service is
               | inconvenient in most of the cities/towns it serves. For
               | example, in Syracuse, NY, where Amtrak has 8 trains per
               | day (four in each direction) that arrive at reasonably
               | convenient times, the station is located on the outskirts
               | of the city, far from the city center. Cleveland has the
               | opposite problem: the station is near the downtown area,
               | but all of the scheduled trains (4 per day, two in each
               | direction) arrive between 1 am and 6 am. Where Amtrak is
               | convenient to use (e.g. the NEC) it works reasonably well
               | and is actually competitive with driving or flying.
        
           | jessriedel wrote:
           | Yes, much better, yet another reason why Amtrak needs to be
           | razed to the ground.
        
         | itspublic wrote:
         | Amtrak is publicly owned. I'd personally love to see it
         | privatized, but you phrased that like you think Amtrak is a
         | private company that receives subsidies. It isn't, it's closer
         | to the USPS model than that.
        
         | betterunix2 wrote:
         | Why single out Amtrak? It was set up to fail by the Nixon
         | administration, it has never received the funding it needed to
         | address the poor state of the equipment, stations, and ROW
         | (i.e. NEC) it received at its inception, and most of its
         | operations are on other railroads' ROW where there is little
         | hope of upgrading lines for high-speed service (or even
         | electrification). Either we should nationalize our railroads or
         | we need to accept that Amtrak (or whatever company) is
         | providing a public service that requires adequate public
         | funding.
        
           | OnlyOneCannolo wrote:
           | ROW = right of way
           | 
           | NEC = northeast corridor
        
           | jessriedel wrote:
           | I did not single out Amtrak. The topic of the article is
           | Amtrak. It is a dysfunctional organization, and that does
           | become less true if it's Nixon's fault.
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | I feel like this deserves an explanation. Amtrak are
         | underfunded, a political football, and have to run like a
         | second class citizen on a large chunk of the US rail network,
         | hardly issues of their own creation.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dangus wrote:
         | This very article points out routes that rival all the airlines
         | combined in terms of passenger volume.
         | 
         | The article also points out that Amtrak purposefully invests as
         | little as possible into the unprofitable long distance network,
         | which seems to be exactly what you're asking for: to stop
         | investing in Amtrak's archaic routes.
         | 
         | The article also details a plan that focuses on profitable and
         | popular intercity service. Routes like Cleveland - Columbus -
         | Cincinnati that are a part of this plan are no-brainer
         | expansions that will easily yield regional economic benefits.
         | 
         | As you're aware, Amtrak _is_ the government. Any economic
         | benefit they bring to a region goes right back to the
         | government in the form of tax revenue. It should be obvious
         | then that Amtrak itself doesn't need to be profitable for it to
         | be a net positive investment.
         | 
         | We don't expect our roads to be profitable and yet nobody
         | questions whether highways are a "feasible" mode of transport.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | Governor of Ohio torpedoed that route IIRC
        
         | apostacy wrote:
         | For some perspective, the federal government regularly funds
         | highways to nowhere that nobody asked for or wants[1]
         | 
         | Most regional airfields are bigger money sinks than Amtrak. The
         | federal government subsidizeds up to $800 per passenger in some
         | of the more rural air routes in Alaska.[2]
         | 
         | Rail travel subsidies are a fraction of what the United States
         | taxpayers spend on transportation. We have a concept of
         | "essential" air and road travel subsidies, why not essential
         | rail subsidies?
         | 
         | Think of how great this arm of our transportation
         | infrastructure could be if we shifted 10% of what we spend on
         | regional airlines to rail transport.
         | 
         | Other countries have clearly demonstrated that high speed rail
         | works. And they don't spend nearly as much on infrastructure.
         | 
         | And what is wrong with just having subsidized slow passenger
         | service across the continent either? I assure you it is not too
         | expensive compared to what we already spend, and I think it is
         | very beneficial. I think that we should continue to maintain a
         | fleet of long distance passenger trains and stations. Passenger
         | trains can be an essential safety where other forms of travel
         | are unavailable. We just take it for granted that the
         | government should spend as much as it wants building roads
         | everywhere, but we count every penny when it comes to passenger
         | rail.
         | 
         | [1]: https://usa.streetsblog.org/2020/12/23/meet-2020s-worst-
         | high...
         | 
         | [2]:
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20120202212318/http://www.buses....
        
           | jessriedel wrote:
           | You seem to want to have a general car vs. train debate. You
           | picked the wrong comment to reply to.
        
       | teslaberry wrote:
       | history repeats. young people will be naively led down a path of
       | believing u.s. has the capability to build this. it doens't .
       | 
       | the 'amtrack proposal' is a method of proposing how to steal
       | funds.
       | 
       | not to mention. trains for passenger travel simply cannot make
       | sense when towns and suburbs are so spread out because of 70
       | years of road building and development patterns allowing things
       | to be so spread out.
       | 
       | this isn't europe. if you want trains, start focussing on living
       | patterns. they need to be far more dense. the u.s. couldnt' be
       | more spread apart.
        
       | konaraddi wrote:
       | This would be awesome! These lines go through most states so does
       | this require the cooperation of each state's government or does
       | the federal government have the final say? If it's the latter,
       | then it seems feasible.
        
         | anticensor wrote:
         | Federal government could intervene by stipulating that postal
         | and police trains have priority, because postal service and
         | enforcement of federal law are federal powers in USA.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | Railroads haven't had mail contracts since 1970s
        
       | stadium wrote:
       | $165 billion seems quite low for nationals improvements.
       | 
       | Seattle area is spending $54 billion just on a regional expansion
       | of light rail and the cost had gone up considerably since then
       | because of inflation and real estate pressure.
       | https://www.constructiondive.com/news/seattle-area-light-rai...
       | 
       | And is Amtrack even the right organization to lead this effort?
       | The inaugural run of the NW corridor high speed line resulted in
       | derailment with 3 deaths in 2017. Positive train control could
       | have prevented the crash bit they didn't spend on that even
       | though it was mandated by congress. The train was going 80mph in
       | a 30mph zone with a tight curve.
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Washington_train_derail...
       | 
       | It sounds warm and fuzzy and I would welcome high speed national
       | rail, but the numbers and timeline don't add up.
        
         | masklinn wrote:
         | > Seattle area is spending $54 billion just on a regional
         | expansion of light rail and the cost had gone up considerably
         | since then because of inflation and real estate pressure.
         | https://www.constructiondive.com/news/seattle-area-light-rai...
         | 
         | TBF light rail, and urban construction in general, is extremely
         | expensive (due to right of way, real-estate, complicated works,
         | ...) and it doesn't really "scale out" as every urban project
         | is its own little nugget of crap.
         | 
         | When you're building thousands of miles of track, after a while
         | you'll have a lot of experience which can get leveraged pretty
         | much as-is.
         | 
         | Not saying the plans here make sense, mind.
        
       | Larrikin wrote:
       | As nice as expanded rail travel would be between cities, there
       | are a lot of cities that are set up for cars and I was
       | disappointed there doesn't seem to be much if any money in
       | Biden's plan for creation and expansion of subway lines.
       | 
       | Even cities that have subway systems, they're in desperate need
       | of new lines. Washington DC and Chicago spring to mind, since
       | their systems could benefit greatly from simply adding an outer
       | loop line. They both suffer from many lines where you have to go
       | into the center to get back out again. The dream for the silver
       | line was to connect the spokes in DC but I know of no real
       | projects in Chicago. It would be a dream to have a map like this
       | in Chicago[1]
       | 
       | I'm glad that Musk's proposed line was chased out the state. The
       | Blue line needed expansion to allow for express lines to the
       | airport, importantly with a few stops in between like a better
       | planned purple line. Chicago did NOT need a 20 dollar a trip
       | vanity project train that only went from O'Hare to the loop so
       | that tourists and the wealthy could have a convenient private
       | line to avoid all the poors. [2]
       | 
       | [1] http://www.gapersblock.com/detour/a_cta_map_for_2055/
       | 
       | [2] https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-biz-
       | chicago-...
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | My 2 closest stations are still a day's drive away.
        
         | grecy wrote:
         | And that statement is true for > 100 million Chinese. But that
         | doesn't mean the Chinese high speed rail system is not an
         | immense success that benefits a huge percentage of the
         | population!
        
       | GhostVII wrote:
       | I don't get the point of all those cross-country routes, isn't
       | air travel both faster and cheaper once you are going long
       | distance? I mean I would love to cross the country by rail for
       | entertainment, but as a common method of travel it doesn't seem
       | to make much sense. It works well in Europe because it is both
       | much denser than the US, and also subsidized.
        
         | hh3k0 wrote:
         | > I don't get the point of all those cross-country routes,
         | isn't air travel both faster and cheaper once you are going
         | long distance?
         | 
         | It's also an absolute atrocity in the face of climate change.
         | 
         | And it's long overdue that fact is reflected in the ticket
         | price, imo.
        
         | akg_67 wrote:
         | Air travel, That's how you create flyover states.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | And by and large, people _don 't_ take trains for Chicago to
         | Seattle type distances in Europe. That's further than the
         | distance from Paris to Moscow.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | > That's further than the distance from Paris to Moscow.
           | 
           | Which has, in regular times, a weekly service by the Russian
           | railways. And it passes through Belarus, and ends in Russia,
           | countries for which you need visas and aren't necessarily the
           | friendliest. If that service makes sense, Chicago-Seattle
           | certainly could ( as an experience, cheap travel, etc.)
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | Of course, there _is_ a Paris to Moscow train. The thing
           | about the coast to coast train routes in the US and the Paris
           | to Moscow train is that you 're not in any way required to
           | take the entire trip - there are stations along the way.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | I guess I picked a bad example in that, to my surprise,
             | there is a direct train for that route--although it still
             | takes about a day and a half. But I could certainly pick a
             | lot of city pairs in Europe that are 1-2K miles apart that
             | would be anything but efficient to travel by rail.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Well, let's hear some. You're probably gonna want to
               | limit yourself to city pairs that have multiple direct
               | daily flights though, as anything less won't have enough
               | demand to merit a direct convenient train route either.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Without making a research project out of it:
               | 
               | - Rome to Athens
               | 
               | - Paris to Barcelona
               | 
               | - Madrid to Stockholm
               | 
               | Much of Europe is a very far way from having a seamless
               | integrated cross-border train system.
        
               | vinay427 wrote:
               | Paris to Barcelona does actually exist:
               | https://en.oui.sncf/en/train/timetables/paris/barcelona
               | 
               | The next direct train takes 6h39m.
        
               | gsnedders wrote:
               | It is, I believe, the second longest passenger train in
               | Europe. (The longest is a similar Nice-Moscow service.)
               | 
               | But both are weekly services, and even Nice-Moscow (yet
               | alone intermediate stops) has more capacity most days by
               | plane than the once-a-week train.
        
           | apostacy wrote:
           | These long distance routes should be left intact because they
           | are an important anchor for eventually expanding to high
           | speed rail.
           | 
           | China kept their unprofitable rural slow passenger routes
           | into the distant corners of their country, and now they are
           | converting them to high speed routes.
           | 
           | The Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed line is 2,298km long, and
           | used to be 22 hours but now runs in 8[1]
           | 
           | Being able to go from Penn Station in Manhattan to Union
           | Station in Chicago in 8 hours in a comfortable train would be
           | a serious alternative to air travel, and once the track is
           | upgraded, it would probably be cheaper than existing service.
           | And this is completely doable with decades old technology.
           | Other countries have done comparable things with less.
           | 
           | I don't think we should abandon "legacy" routes just because
           | they are not profitable right now. And even if they are never
           | profitable that alone is not a good enough reason to abandon
           | infrastructure.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-20842836
        
             | T-hawk wrote:
             | Note that New York to Chicago by Amtrak is so slow largely
             | because there's no direct route. You either take the Great
             | Lakes route going through Albany, Buffalo, and Cleveland,
             | or the northeast corridor route to Washington DC and then
             | another line to Chicago. The more direct Keystone line
             | through Pennsylvania only goes as far as Harrisburg.
        
               | apostacy wrote:
               | I think the absolute time and distance is what matters,
               | and it would still substantially benefit from being high
               | speed, even if it is meandering through upstate NY and
               | along the great lakes.
               | 
               | Eventually, a more direct NY - Chicago high speed rail
               | route could be built that is even faster.
        
               | OldHand2018 wrote:
               | You'll notice that there is a Detroit to Toronto line on
               | that map. It's not an accident. Chicago to Detroit has
               | been running at 110mph for 80+% of the distance for
               | almost 10 years now. The rail tunnel under the Detroit
               | River already exists.
               | 
               | You just need a fast NYC to Buffalo with a little
               | extension on to Hamilton, ON and you've got a very direct
               | NYC to Chicago route.
        
               | bbanyc wrote:
               | They'd need to do something about the hour-long stop at
               | the border for CBP and its Canadian equivalent to go
               | through the train checking everyone's passports. Decades
               | ago I ran into it on the now-defunct Chicago-Toronto line
               | and I'm pretty sure it's why they don't run those trains
               | anymore. The New York-Toronto and New York-Montreal
               | trains still do it.
               | 
               | Seattle-Vancouver avoids it by not making any stops
               | between Vancouver and the border, so the immigration
               | checks take place at the station. This might be feasible
               | for Montreal, probably not for Toronto, and a train that
               | runs from Buffalo to Detroit without stopping in Canada
               | at all seems implausible.
        
               | mjmahone17 wrote:
               | Could probably set it up to do checks on departure. End
               | up in the wrong country without your passport? Just take
               | the next train back to the last destination in the other
               | country.
               | 
               | Would likely need a special treaty in place so Americans
               | traveling from Chicago to NY can travel through without a
               | passport (just ID). Alternatively if we're talking
               | diplomatic solutions, the US and Canada could move
               | towards a Schengen-style free transit zone without cross
               | country border checks.
        
               | mattm wrote:
               | > Could probably set it up to do checks on departure
               | 
               | There's a seaplane from Victoria-Seattle. It's been a few
               | years since I took it but I believe this is what
               | happened. There's a custom agent at each side. I can't
               | remember if there were any checks before departure
               | though. I would imagine they would do some preliminary
               | check because they don't want to be on the hook for
               | taking you back.
               | 
               | Shortest custom wait ever BTW since the plane only holds
               | 10-15 people.
               | 
               | > US and Canada could move towards a Schengen-style free
               | transit zone without cross country border checks
               | 
               | This would be a dream. I'm curious why I've never really
               | heard any proposal about this. As a Canadian (currently
               | living in the US), I think that Canada would be more
               | opposed to this. We always seem to have a fear of the US
               | amalgamating us. I think it'd be politically tricky on
               | both sides though. Even though it was proven to be false,
               | there's still this myth that the 9/11 hijackers entered
               | the US through Canada.
        
               | vinay427 wrote:
               | > As a Canadian (currently living in the US), I think
               | that Canada would be more opposed to this. We always seem
               | to have a fear of the US amalgamating us.
               | 
               | If it helps, Switzerland joined the Schengen area while
               | maintaining its own customs controls (with reasonably
               | consistent enforcement) and autonomy on immigration
               | policy (outside of temporary tourist travel which is
               | mostly harmonized). Major policy unification isn't
               | necessary, although the minimum feasible level is likely
               | still unprecedented for the US and Canada.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And the other part of the problem is that you're going
               | through a continental divide. Prior to air travel, I
               | assume NY to Chicago was a major route so there may be
               | good reasons for why the routing is as it is.
        
               | calvinmorrison wrote:
               | 100 years ago there were many routes! I hate that the
               | rails have failed, taking a train between Philly,
               | Reading, Allentown, and Scranton makes so much sense!
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yes, but the 20th Century Limited flagship of the New
               | York Central Railroad [1] actually did follow the current
               | Lake Shore Limited route. I suspect that there are
               | geographic factors that limit a more direct route.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century_Limited
        
         | meristohm wrote:
         | Noise pollution is a big reason I prefer trains.
        
         | oceanplexian wrote:
         | The laws of physics are clear that trying to push a vehicle
         | through standard atmosphere is always going to be less
         | efficient than one operating in a low-friction or near-vacuum
         | environment. Scrap inefficient airport security for higher tech
         | solutions, and start building hydrogen-powered supersonic
         | aircraft and high speed rail is toast.
        
         | freeone3000 wrote:
         | Ideally, people in Minnesota would also want to go to North
         | Dakota. There's ideally some station-to-station ridership,
         | these aren't express routes.
        
         | Stasis5001 wrote:
         | I started looking at the map in the article and realized I had
         | just booked a flight where there was an existing rail line ! So
         | I checked out the Amtrak site, and what's 1h20m by plane is
         | 14h40m by train -- and 8h by car. Maybe by getting a sleeper
         | cabin I could have had an enjoyable trip by train, but as the
         | trip scales things get dramatically worse.
         | 
         | Of course, maybe this is exactly what the future of
         | transportation should look like: more localized travel on modes
         | that can be powered by renewable sources or nuclear.
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | I travel form Chicago to Detroit pretty regularly. The train
           | takes 4.5 hours, driving takes 4, and flying takes 1.5.
           | Flying ends up being the slowest though because you have to
           | spend 1.5 getting too and from the airport plus waiting at
           | the airport. The train costs $25 which is cheaper than
           | driving and I get to get work done. It's by far the best
           | option imo.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | It's a mixed bag, really.
           | 
           | Compare the journey from my small village in New Mexico to
           | Chicago, about 1200 miles. We just happen to have an Amtrak
           | station 5 miles away. The drive time is about 18-20 hours
           | without stops, which is long enough that an overnight stop is
           | going to be likely. The flight time is only about 3 hours,
           | but that requires first driving 40-70 minutes to the airport,
           | spending time waiting in the airport, and then arriving at
           | O'Hare, and then the 50 min metro journey back into the city.
           | 
           | The Southwest Chief, however, arrives here around lunch time,
           | and arrives in Chicago about 24 hours later.
           | 
           | If you were optimizing for minimum travel time, you'd
           | probably fly. If you were optimizing for cost, you'd probably
           | drive. But if you want a nice journey, the train is fantastic
           | and faster than driving if you're going to stop.
           | 
           | So, there are variations on the theme, and sometimes the
           | train wins, sometimes the train loses.
        
             | dreamcompiler wrote:
             | I love the Lamy-to-Chicago train. I've taken it several
             | times. You get to sleep through Kansas (where there's
             | nothing to see anyway; no offense to Kansans!) and you wake
             | up crossing the Mississippi River. There's 110v power and
             | cell service for most of the trip.
             | 
             | (I always get a sleeper; without that it wouldn't be
             | worthwhile.)
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Good guess at Lamy! But it could have been Las Vegas or
               | Raton too :)
               | 
               | Are you close by?
        
             | brandonmenc wrote:
             | > If you were optimizing for minimum travel time, you'd
             | probably fly. If you were optimizing for cost, you'd
             | probably drive. But if you want a nice journey, the train
             | is fantastic and faster than driving if you're going to
             | stop.
             | 
             | Train fans vastly overestimate the number of people who
             | will optimize for "sitting in a train and staring out the
             | window for days".
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Especially given that, if it's business travel, I expect
               | a lot of companies aren't that big on you adding a couple
               | days of travel time because you feel like taking the
               | train.
               | 
               | In the case of the parent's scenario, it seems pretty
               | reasonable in that you're really only talking about maybe
               | an additional half day of travel. But that's probably
               | about the upper limit.
        
               | anaerobicover wrote:
               | > optimize for "sitting in a train and staring out the
               | window for days".
               | 
               | I'm acknowledging that it's not for everyone, but that's
               | not really a fair depiction. I get a lot of work done on
               | a train -- the atmosphere is similar to a coffee shop in
               | some ways. Other people enjoy going to the common car and
               | chatting and playing cards with strangers. Or reading. Or
               | just watching Netflix on their devices, like they'd
               | probably be doing at home anyways. We were also talking
               | about an overnight trip, not "days".
        
               | jpindar wrote:
               | OTOH, how many of us sometimes happily sit in a chair and
               | stare at a screen for days?
        
         | slacka wrote:
         | I lived in China for 2 years. Americans have no idea how
         | liberating it is to be able be able to hop on a 200 mph train
         | and arrive at totally different climate in hours. Over lunch,
         | my coworkers would talk about a weekend of drinking tea in
         | mountains in Hunan, visiting Mao' home in Wuhan, or exploring
         | the beaches of Hainan. These are all things we did and were
         | possible because of China's high speed rail system.
         | 
         | I think the biggest factor was the convenience. We'd just show
         | up at the train station and take the next train, usually within
         | an hour. No planning, no booking, just bought our tickets at
         | the station, minutes before our trip. All of this for less than
         | 1/4 the cost of a last minute plane ticket.
         | 
         | Sure we could have flown, and the farthest places _may_ have
         | been faster to fly. But that only if the tickets were available
         | and security lines in china are just as bad as here. There 's
         | also the comfort of a train with a meal coach. And, the thrill
         | of watching the land rush by at lightning speeds. America felt
         | so backwards on my return.
        
           | WanderPanda wrote:
           | You seem to have enjoyed your trip on back of millions of
           | workers who will never witness the same despite paying for it
           | with their sweat and blood.
        
           | yorwba wrote:
           | Hainan is an island and while a tunnel is planned, the
           | current solution is to ship the rail cars across in a ferry,
           | which creates a bottleneck and makes the line not that fast
           | overall. But it's still pretty convenient, especially if you
           | consider that for most people the alternative wouldn't be a
           | plane but a car, which has the same difficulty crossing the
           | strait. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong%E2%80%93Haina
           | n_railw...
        
           | hanniabu wrote:
           | We wouldn't be getting 200mph trains though
        
             | jessaustin wrote:
             | It might be instructive to imagine what would have to
             | change about USA to allow 200mph trains. (real ones, not
             | hypothetical BS like Elon's tubes)
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Elon musk promised 155mph for the LA tunnel. In reality
               | you are down to 40mph. Off by 4x. If Elon Musk promises
               | 800mph in the Hyperloop expect to cut off 75% off that so
               | its back to 200mph. Why even bother? It's not like he has
               | any special insight, the only thing he has is the ability
               | to throw money at random projects.
               | 
               | The only things Elon Musk does well are incremental
               | improvements over existing technology, that's not a bad
               | thing but he always throws out bullshit promises that he
               | can do it 10x cheaper or fares only cost one dollar.
        
           | fireattack wrote:
           | Agreed.
           | 
           | However, I think there is another issue in the US: last mile
           | transit.
           | 
           | Even if the US magically have the rail system similar to
           | China today, using it in cities like Houston etc. that has
           | poor public transit would still be a pain in the ass in
           | practice.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | It's another reason (besides density) why the Northeast
             | Corridor works pretty well for rail. The biggest cities
             | (Boston, NYC, Philadelphia, DC) have pretty good transit
             | systems and the train dumps you downtown which will often
             | be where you want to be.
             | 
             | Houston is arguably a particularly bad example. But there
             | are a lot of cities where you pretty much need a car if you
             | want to be at all mobile.
        
           | GhostVII wrote:
           | I think that for shorter distances, like LA to SF to Seattle
           | that would be great. But I don't think any of the rail lines
           | in China are comparable to going from Chicago to Seattle -
           | that is a huge distance to build a high speed rail line on,
           | and there is almost nothing in between that people would want
           | to stop at.
        
             | alisonatwork wrote:
             | There are several "trains to nowhere" in China. High speed
             | rail is already active between Lanzhou (Gansu) and Urumqi
             | (Xinjiang), which is 1500km of pretty empty countryside.
             | They're talking about linking in Lhasa (Tibet) too. I can't
             | imagine any of those routes will be profitable, but perhaps
             | the income from the coastal provinces makes up the
             | difference.
             | 
             | I suspect in China there is more political incentive to
             | connect these far-flung provinces, though, to try to
             | promote national unity. I'm not sure closing the gap
             | between the PNW and "middle America" is considered quite as
             | important by people in DC.
        
             | treeman79 wrote:
             | California has been trying and failing to build a high
             | speed rail system. So far it's only good at making a lot of
             | people rich and being worthless.
        
           | alisonatwork wrote:
           | If you were living in a place in China where you could just
           | show up and catch a high speed train, you were very lucky!
           | 
           | My experience living in China is that for high speed rail
           | departing from tier one and tier two cities, you would often
           | need to book a ticket a day in advance, or - if you were
           | winging it - be willing to go to somewhere other than your
           | intended destination. And foreigners cannot get their tickets
           | through the machine like people with Chinese ID card can, so
           | that means waiting 30-45 minutes in the line to get your
           | ticket (even if you booked online), before you even go
           | through security, which is another 15-20 minutes. And if you
           | show up at the main concourse 5 minutes before the train
           | leaves, you will be denied access to the platform due to the
           | airport-like boarding procedure. As such, I always had to
           | calculate arriving at the dedicated high speed train station
           | (usually itself 30+ minutes bus or subway ride out of the
           | center of town) with at least an hour to spare.
           | 
           | It is still far less hassle than taking a flight, but it's
           | not comparable to the real spontaneous opportunities of going
           | by bus/coach or slow train (hard seat). With those forms of
           | travel you really can just show up at a nearby station and go
           | wherever, with little to no pre-planning and less stressful
           | security checks. But then it will take hours to go halfway
           | across the province. Of course, for many Chinese, that is the
           | standard mode of travel, because high speed rail is still
           | fairly expensive by comparison.
           | 
           | All that said... Pretty much everything about traveling by
           | rail in China is better than it is in America. But traveling
           | by rail in Europe is the gold standard, I think. Being able
           | to buy tickets from a machine, not show photo ID anywhere (in
           | the Schengen area at least), just step on and step off,
           | that's real freedom of movement.
        
           | natch wrote:
           | And the fast trains are made even better because of the
           | complementary system of slow trains, which because they have
           | many stops at smaller places along the way, eliminate the
           | need for fast trains to have too-frequent stops.
        
           | Ericson2314 wrote:
           | I completely agree with you in the abstract, and would
           | happily never fly cross country again, but I'm worried
           | Amtrak's map is a sign that want to do middling incremental
           | improvements everywhere that don't reach that inflection
           | point.
           | 
           | See https://pedestrianobservations.com/2021/03/20/streaming-
           | high... for a much less exciting map, but one for which u
           | have more confidence Amtrak could actually pull it off.
           | 
           | I rather they do the crazy fun cross country routes after
           | that. America needs to demonstrate it's serious about
           | urbanism before I take any cross country lines crayoning
           | seriously.
        
           | cbm-vic-20 wrote:
           | One of the (many) problems with Amtrak is that they pretend
           | they're an airline. Booking well in advance is the only way
           | to get a good rate, "walk up" prices are pretty high. I
           | mostly have experience with the Northeast Corridor, and this
           | is the baseline level of service that we need nationwide.
           | I've been on some of the other routes, and the quality of the
           | service on those lines pales in comparison.
           | 
           | That said, the route from NYC to Montreal is really beautiful
           | north of Albany. It just takes about ten hours to get there.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | >Booking well in advance is the only way to get a good
             | rate, "walk up" prices are pretty high
             | 
             | In all fairness, that's pretty true in a lot of places. It
             | certainly is in the UK in my experience. I'd actually have
             | said at least the Acela isn't particularly onerous in this
             | regard.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | This was true in Denmark last I was there. You could buy
               | an "orange" ticket online, well in advance, for a
               | significant discount, which I used for a planned trip
               | into Copenhagen from Jutland.
        
             | alkonaut wrote:
             | Rule #1 of travel pricing is you can't risk charging too
             | little for business travel because they subsidize the price
             | conscious travellers. Leaving on an earlier train because a
             | meeting ends early is exactly the kind of thing business
             | travellers pay good money for. But that's also
             | indiatinguishable from this kind of random walk in travel
             | that leisure travellers would love to see - so it can't
             | happen. If you want business travellers to pay 3x for that
             | convenience you can't give it to everyone for less than
             | that.
        
             | VWWHFSfQ wrote:
             | > It just takes about ten hours to get there.
             | 
             | This is just always going to be the problem. It's ok for
             | some mild entertainment but it's not viable for regular
             | travel. A flight to Montreal is like an hour and probably
             | half the price.
        
               | mgbmtl wrote:
               | It's an international flight, so the price is more
               | expensive relative to a flight between two US cities.
               | Usually it's 300 USD to fly compared to 140 USD by rail.
               | 
               | Two things to keep in mind by rail to Montreal: customs
               | add 1h, and in summer, if the rails are too hot, per
               | Canadian regulations, the train cannot go faster than
               | 50km/hour or something ridiculously slow like that, which
               | adds another hour or two. Onboard wifi only works when in
               | the US, and because of the mountains in upstate NY, the
               | signal can be very flaky and slow.
        
               | mjmahone17 wrote:
               | It's a little absurd that a trip of less than 400 miles
               | takes 11 hours on a train. That's a terrible average
               | speed.
               | 
               | With pretty reasonable high speed rail, that should be no
               | more than a 4 hour trip. At which point it is very
               | competitive with flying in terms of time.
               | 
               | For cost, it looks like a round trip on Amtrak is
               | typically $200, whereas a round trip flight for two weeks
               | from now is around $300.
        
               | bsanr2 wrote:
               | Even now it really depends on where your priorities lie.
               | Going from Rhode Island to Maryland or back, I had to
               | arrive at least an hour and a half (more like 2 hours)
               | before takeoff to get through parking and security. That
               | meant leaving the house 2-3 hours before takeoff. Then, a
               | 2-hour flight, and another hour and a half dealing with
               | baggage and transport home. That two-hour flight was more
               | like 6 hours of my day, a majority of it spent in
               | uncomfortable settings (driving, in the security line, in
               | a cramped plane seat). Compare to Amtrak: 30 minutes to
               | the closest station, and I can arrive immediately before
               | boarding; 7 hours on the train, but in fairly spacious
               | seats, with free WiFi, and then 20 minutes home from the
               | station.
               | 
               | I much preferred the relatively relaxed nature of train
               | travel, and it only bit out an extra hour or two of my
               | day. With high speed rail it wouldn't even be a contest.
        
           | jwcacces wrote:
           | Flying used to be like this. I'm from Long Island and I went
           | to college in the Boston area. I remember you could buy a
           | book of delta shuttle tickets (~$100 / fight, book of 5) and
           | show up and use them whenever you'd like, last minute, with
           | no security hassle or whatever. You could also use the same
           | tickets to go to DC if you wanted. Just stay on the plane for
           | the next leg.
        
             | crusty wrote:
             | I kind of wish I wasn't contributing to the topic
             | tangent/hijack, but whatever...
             | 
             | Hawaii's interisland flights probably most closely resemble
             | this air travel experience. Aside from Sunday & Friday
             | fares that have a $30 premium due to work-week commuters,
             | currently current week tickets are $49 and next week and
             | beyond tickets are $39. And if you want to believe that's
             | just a covid effect, there was a $29 special going last
             | year right before covid.
             | 
             | Pair the process with chill, small-ish airports* and the
             | hassle of flying is about as low as it gets for controlled
             | commercial air travel.
             | 
             | Years ago, it used to be the norm to Judy show up 10 or 15
             | minutes before the flight.
             | 
             | * Obviously Honolulu is an exception, but it does have a
             | separate interisland terminal.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Pre-Acela and the electrification of the line north of New
             | Haven that came with it, the only real reason you'd take
             | the train from Boston to NY (much less points south) was to
             | save money. When I was in school in the Boston area, when I
             | went home to the Philadelphia area, I'd take the train for
             | longer vacations but would fly for 4-day weekends.
        
               | andreimackenzie wrote:
               | Arriving at Penn Station has benefits if you're traveling
               | for business. Hailing a ride to get to an office within
               | 15 minutes beats the long ride to get downtown from one
               | of the NYC airports.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Yeah, none of the NYC airports are particularly
               | convenient. And I'm actually usually in midtown, often on
               | the west side, so I can just walk from Penn to my hotel.
               | (And Penn may actually stop being its dingy self one of
               | these days.)
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | > (And Penn may actually stop being its dingy self one of
               | these days.)
               | 
               | That's kind of already happened. The Moynihan Train Hall
               | just opened up recently. I checked it out recently and
               | it's quite nice, certainly much nicer than the old Penn
               | Station. The next time you're getting off in NYC, walk
               | towards the back of the train you came in on and then go
               | up to the surface, and you'll be exiting in Moynihan
               | instead of Penn.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I haven't been in NYC for close to a couple years at this
               | point. Some of the renovation work around the LIRR
               | entrances was done but not anything else. I'll definitely
               | check out next time I'm there. The drawings for the
               | continuing renovation look quite nice too.
        
             | csense wrote:
             | Now that we're finally pulling out of Afghanistan and done
             | with the War on Terror, it's time to disband DHS / TSA and
             | put things back to how they used to be.
             | 
             | I think it's kinda weird how very few politicians are
             | talking about this.
        
             | mncharity wrote:
             | Nod. Pre-9/11 peak deregulation had $40 flights BOS-NYC.
             | I'd run from Boston subway, to a quick direct shuttle bus,
             | then through the doors, across the small lobby, with staff
             | yelling at me... "Run faster!" they'd shout, mostly with a
             | smile. Down the ramp without stopping, sliding through the
             | closing aircraft door. Flight attendants later walking the
             | rows, collecting two twenties from everyone. Here in a
             | multiply dystopian future... sigh.
        
         | jen20 wrote:
         | > I don't get the point of all those cross-country routes,
         | 
         | Same. I10 is pointless - no-one drives from Santa Monica to
         | Jacksonville - flying is much faster once you're going long
         | distance. I mean I would love to cross the country by car for
         | entertainment, but as a common method of travel it doesn't seem
         | to make much sense.
         | 
         | /sarcasm (for those who need it pointing out...)
         | 
         | Cross country rail lines are just like cross-country
         | interstates: mostly used by people for specific regional
         | connectivity.
        
         | kolinko wrote:
         | Cross country - perhaps not. But, living in Europe, I see many
         | people chhosing a train for 4-5h over 1-1.5h flight.
         | 
         | For 1,5h flight you end up wasting 3-4h anyway because you need
         | to get to the airport etc, and out of those 3-4h most of the
         | time you can't do anything productive or relaxing either. With
         | 5h train you can either relax or work and it's much more
         | productive. Also less co2 produced ofc.
         | 
         | And that's with "slow" trains going 100mph. With faster trains
         | as in France or Japan even more airplane rides are unnecessary
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | I think most of this demand is already covered by the popular
           | Northeast Corridor. It should absolutely be upgraded, but
           | outside of it, I think everything's either too small or too
           | far to effectively compete with air travel.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | There definitely are city pairs or maybe triplets here and
             | there. North Carolina was mentioned somewhere upthread.
             | I've actually taken Amtrak from Raleigh to Charlotte. Could
             | just walk to the station from downtown Raleigh. Did need a
             | cab at the other end to get to downtown Charlotte but it
             | was closer than the airport.
             | 
             | I know people take the train between Seattle and Portland.
             | I'm sure there are other examples.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | There are four main regions that have viable HSR outside of
             | the NEC. These are:
             | 
             | * The CA region (SF/Bay Area/Sacramento/LA/Las
             | Vegas/Phoenix).
             | 
             | * Texas triangle
             | 
             | * France TGV-like lines in the Midwest, centered on
             | Chicago, connecting to Minneapolis (via Milwaukee), St.
             | Louis, Detroit, Cleveland, maybe Indianapolis, Columbus,
             | Cincinnati
             | 
             | * New England/New York outside of the NEC--that is,
             | Toronto-Boston and Montreal-New York with timed transfers
             | at Albany.
        
               | manacit wrote:
               | I would probably add Vancouver, BC -> Seattle -> Portland
               | to that list, but I think that's probably right. The
               | thing is, if we actually added viable rail to all of
               | those cities mentioned, it would be a huge swath of the
               | country, without needing to build a 200mph train through
               | Wyoming.
               | 
               | Right now there are ~40 flights a day that go from PDX-
               | SEA or SEA-PDX. Those are a waste of airport capacity and
               | carbon emission. Both cities have the transit network to
               | easily get people to the airport from wherever the HSR
               | ends up for people who are using those flights to make
               | connections, and could promote growth in the aggregate
               | area in a way that doesn't exist now.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Did that a couple of years ago to go from Glasgow to London.
           | Almost exactly the journey times you mention. Bought a ticket
           | the same day as I travelled. It wasn't cheap, but was cheaper
           | than same-day flight tickets. No airport stress, and ended up
           | back in the middle of London, not at some ex-urban or
           | suburban airport with another 35-60 minute journey into town.
        
         | Angostura wrote:
         | If a country is serious about reducing CO2 emissions, it should
         | be serious about moving people from plain to train, if
         | possible. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-
         | environment-49349566
        
         | lacker wrote:
         | This is a very "political" map. Many of these routes are only
         | in there so that every state is included. (Except South Dakota
         | who complained about being left out!) A lot of parts, like the
         | route from Minnesota west to Washington, only really make sense
         | in that light. If this were closer to being a real proposal for
         | what to build, I think the map would look a lot different. This
         | is more like a symbol to hopefully kick off a discussion.
        
           | beowulfey wrote:
           | This is almost certainly built on existing rail corridors
           | though too. I think _priority_ of upgrades will follow your
           | thinking, but these lines weren't drawn entirely randomly.
        
         | ris wrote:
         | > and also subsidized
         | 
         | Name a form of transport that isn't subsidized.
        
           | danans wrote:
           | In many places, walking and biking.
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | I don't pay to walk or bike anywhere where I live, it was
             | all built with tax dollars. Where are you that walkers and
             | bikers pay for their infrastructure?
        
               | tinus_hn wrote:
               | Even if there is no government and no infrastructure, you
               | can still walk. We have had men walk on the moon!
        
               | beowulfey wrote:
               | Well... that was also thanks to the government. Although
               | moreso for the getting there.
        
               | lbotos wrote:
               | > Where are you that walkers and bikers pay for their
               | infrastructure?
               | 
               | > Where I live, it was all built with tax dollars.
               | 
               | You answered your own question, and, you paid for it too!
        
         | myself248 wrote:
         | Not everyone optimizes for fast or cheap. Some prioritize
         | comfort, or scenery, or not-being-in-an-airplane for whatever
         | reason.
         | 
         | Some really enjoy getting off at one stop for a while, and
         | getting on the next train and continuing the journey. Or just
         | deciding that this place looks nice, and getting off here. Try
         | that in an airplane...
         | 
         | There's a growing niche of transoceanic travel by container-
         | ship and bulk freighter, too. It's neither cheap nor fast, and
         | that's the point. It's truly unplugged, where the journey is
         | part of the destination.
         | 
         | Throughout the entirety of human history except the last
         | hundred years or so, long distance travel has been a
         | borderline-boring activity. Maybe that's not such a bad thing
         | -- our brains need some downtime to reflect and defrag. We're
         | just starting to appreciate en masse that "monotonous" can be
         | kissing-close to "meditative". Rail is part of that, and as
         | people catch onto that, it's making a comeback.
        
           | peckrob wrote:
           | Frankly, even as poor as our rail infrastructure is, there's
           | still a lot to be said for train travel.
           | 
           | A couple years my wife and I went Birmingham to New Orleans
           | for $150 round trip on Amtrak. Airfare on the same route was
           | $600, and I would have paid $150 in parking alone in downtown
           | New Orleans. Moreover, the time difference between train,
           | driving or flying was not all that different. The train was
           | scheduled at seven hours, about the same as driving time with
           | stops. And air travel would have been about the same once you
           | factor in getting to the airport early, two flights with a
           | layover in Atlanta, and getting from the airport to downtown.
           | 
           | It's also a whole heck of a lot more pleasant than flying.
           | 50" of seat pitch, width of a first class seat, hot food,
           | alcohol, plenty of room to walk around, interesting people to
           | talk to, no needless security theater, no need to get to the
           | station 30 minutes early, no need to worry about baggage fees
           | or weights.
           | 
           | Before the pandemic hit, we were planning on doing the Empire
           | Builder from Chicago to Portland. For the three of us (me,
           | wife, daughter) in a bedroom was $1100. Expensive, but
           | factoring in transportation, room and food for 2.5 days for
           | 3, it's not a bad deal. And you get to sit back, watch the
           | scenery, read, nap, etc.
           | 
           | I mean yeah, if I need to travel across the country quickly,
           | an airplane will always win. But airlines have seemingly gone
           | out of their way over the last 20 years to make flying as
           | miserable as possible to squeeze every cent out of customers.
           | If I can afford to take some time and the train is an option,
           | I will always choose the train based solely on it being less
           | miserable than flying has become.
        
             | 7thaccount wrote:
             | Was also researching a sleeper car for a family of 3 before
             | the Pandemic. I've only been on a train once before besides
             | work trips in DC (use the metro a bit), so it's a little
             | out of the blue for me, but perhaps it could be making a
             | comeback
        
         | tzs wrote:
         | I think it may be like an elevator.
         | 
         | About 15 years ago, I had to spend a little over 3 weeks in
         | Beaumont, Texas, for work, leaving Beaumont just before
         | Thanksgiving. I dislike flying and wasn't paying for the trip
         | and had never taken a train, so asked to take Amtrak.
         | 
         | My train trip was from the Tacoma, Washington Amtrak station to
         | the Beaumont station and back, via the Los Angeles, California,
         | station. It's a 3 day trip each way, and so on the return trip
         | I was traveling on Thanksgiving day.
         | 
         | Pretty much every stop that day had a ton of people getting on
         | and a ton of people getting off, often whole families. They
         | were all just taking the train to the town a few stops down the
         | line to get together with family from the neighboring towns for
         | the holiday, and then return the next time a train going the
         | other direction came through (trains came through each way
         | three days a week on that segment).
         | 
         | So yeah, it may not make sense to have a cross-country route if
         | you just consider people who are traveling from one of the
         | route to the other, just like an elevator does not make sense
         | in many buildings when you just consider the volume of
         | passengers traveling between the penthouse and the bottom of a
         | five level underground parking garage.
         | 
         | But just like an elevator between that deep garage and the
         | penthouse is also an elevator between every other pair of
         | floors, a cross-country train route is also a route between
         | every pair of stops between the ends.
        
           | stuaxo wrote:
           | Exactly - just like with roads.
        
       | kgin wrote:
       | Some of the new additions would have a ton of ridership, even if
       | the trains weren't particularly high speed. Los Angeles to Las
       | Vegas, Nashville to Atlanta are the two that jump out to me.
        
         | treis wrote:
         | For Nashville to Atlanta driving is going to be cheaper and way
         | more convenient. Plus you're likely to need a car anyways at
         | your destination. Few people are going to choose the train.
         | 
         | This inexplicable fascination with trains is frustrating to
         | watch. They're expensive to build and aren't comprehensive
         | solutions. The first thing that needs to be done is to get
         | people off of cars. The easiest way to do that is dump a bunch
         | of money into on demand ad hoc shuttle bus size transport. Make
         | public transport convenient and people will use it. If people
         | use it then they will support it and cities will naturally
         | build to depend on it.
         | 
         | Edit:To illustrate the problem, I live about a mile from the
         | center of downtown Atlanta. To get to the Amtrak station would
         | require a bus, transfer to the subway, and transfer to another
         | bus. It would take an hour to get to the station 6 miles away.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | > Plus you're likely to need a car anyways at your
           | destination. Few people are going to choose the train.
           | 
           | Yep, this is a key problem in the USA. Even if you build an
           | amazing regional rail system, the nature of what's at each
           | end of most journeys will still push people toward cars far
           | too much of the time.
        
             | jfim wrote:
             | One could say the same for airports though. The solution to
             | that is either car rentals or better public transit.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | True. I was thinking more of journeys in the 3-24hrs by
               | train range, where flying is less likely to be an option,
               | but driving is.
        
           | redblacktree wrote:
           | At that point, just walk. At a comfortable pace, you'd be
           | there in 80 minutes, and you'd have your exercise for the
           | day.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | With luggage, in a city that is hot and humid for a decent
             | chunk of the year. More realistically, you're going to
             | catch a cab/Uber.
        
             | anaerobicover wrote:
             | I am a big proponent of walking to get around, but 6 miles
             | in 80 minutes is closer to a jog than "a comfortable
             | walking pace". Typical walking speed is 16-20 minutes/mile,
             | and that's without carrying anything.
        
           | spothedog1 wrote:
           | While I agree with what you said can't these things be done
           | in tandem? There is a lot of working being done in almost
           | every major city to make them more public transit and
           | pedestrian friendly. That work needs to be done by the city
           | and county governments. Amtrak is federal. Amtrak should def
           | work with local governments on station location and design to
           | make sure they're convenient and accessible with local
           | transit.
           | 
           | Nashville <-> Atlanta is 4 hours and a lot of people
           | (including me) just hate driving for long distances like
           | that. It's dangerous and boring. While yes you might need a
           | car to fill your last mile obligations if you're not going
           | too far outside city limits ride shares like Uber and Lyft
           | can fill that hole.
        
             | treis wrote:
             | Because money, political capital, organizational resources,
             | etc. is mostly a zero sum game. Effort spent on rail is
             | effort not being spent on solving the most pressing
             | problem. And at least in my locality the money and focus is
             | on rail.
             | 
             | I'm pretty dubious about the demand. There's not even a
             | megabus between Nashville and Atlanta.
        
               | spothedog1 wrote:
               | Hmm I gotta disagree with that. While yes they are 0sum
               | they are totally different organizations operating these
               | things. If Atlanta DOT isn't improving their local
               | transit networks it's not because they're focusing on
               | Nashville rail connections.
               | 
               | I'll give you the demand aspect sure, but a 2.5 hour link
               | between dense downtown Atlanta and Nashville business
               | districts can also become a catalyst for increased
               | demand. Depends how much cost goes into the project.
               | Maybe it's worth pursuing maybe not. I think the biggest
               | obstacle is how much state and local governments
               | cooperate. State and local governments that are
               | supportive are going to reap the benefits while hostile
               | ones will suffer in the long term. Nashville recently
               | voted down a comprehensive light rail plan so not sure
               | how much support there is on that end.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | I said the focus on rail in general, not just Amtrak.
               | MARTA and local transport activist in general have
               | focused their efforts on rail expansion. It's consuming a
               | large majority of capital improvement resources
               | available.
               | 
               | The "if you build it they will come" is an argument I've
               | seen a lot. But it's hard to square that with the decline
               | in usage of exiting rail. I know in Atlanta ridership is
               | down 15% despite a 40% increase in population.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | They show one going from SF to Reno. There is some kind of
         | station at Truckee. I've never taken an Amtrack to
         | Reno/Truckee. I would think if they promoted this more, you
         | could have more skiers go the weekend to Truckee/Tahoe/Reno/Mt
         | Rose a lot more to avoid getting stuck on I-80 during storms as
         | well as avoiding 4-hr drives. I'm guessing it sucks.
         | 
         | Also nice would be SJC to Santa Cruz.
        
           | mason55 wrote:
           | I'm guessing the problem is last mile. There is a train from
           | Denver that takes you directly to one mountain (Winter Park)
           | but getting a train to any other mountain adds a ton of time
           | and expense because you need shuttles from the train stop.
           | The ski resorts are necessarily far apart (because they're
           | huge) and the time most people want to go is in the worst
           | weather to be driving shuttles all over.
           | 
           | That Reno to Tahoe drive is still a hike and
           | Heavenly/Squaw/Sierra at Tahoe are decently far apart.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | > the time most people want to go is in the worst weather
             | to be driving shuttles all over.
             | 
             | Doesn't that also mean its a bad time for people to be
             | driving their own cars all over?
        
             | naturalauction wrote:
             | I've actually taken this on existing infrastructure (Amtrak
             | has a bus from Sacramento to South Lake Tahoe). The train
             | to Sacramento from San Jose takes at least 3 hours and the
             | bus takes another 3 (in winter weather). It's not terrible
             | if you want to go to Heavenly but would be completely
             | useless if you wanted to go anywhere else.
             | 
             | Also, last mile transportation in San Jose/SV, especially
             | if you were carrying around skis would be a pain. Add in
             | the fact that it costs $60 each way and it just isn't worth
             | it. There used to be ski busses that did the route (and
             | presumably would take you right to the slopes) but I have
             | no idea if they still run. Those seem like a much better
             | option.
        
         | notsureaboutpg wrote:
         | Why would Nashville to Atlanta have a huge ridership?
        
         | apostacy wrote:
         | Notice the dotted line between Jacksonville FL and Mobile AL in
         | the lower right?
         | 
         | That is because of a "temporary" service suspension in 2004
         | from damage by hurricane Katrina.[1]
         | 
         | Apparently even Amtrak thinks that by 2035 they won't be
         | capable of restoring service.
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://www.jacksonville.com/article/20081117/NEWS/801256449
        
           | db48x wrote:
           | It's not a matter of capability, they just decided not to.
           | They don't own the rails, so they don't have to maintain or
           | repair them. I believe that CSX owns that line, and they
           | repaired it in 2004. Amtrack could have restarted that
           | service any time they wanted to.
        
       | akg_67 wrote:
       | Amtrak needs two things to succeed:
       | 
       | - own rail tracks,
       | 
       | - own stations and surrounding real estate
       | 
       | One to enable punctuality and one to commercialize to fund
       | operations. And, it all needs to be provided using government
       | funds. No passenger train transport has succeeded without
       | government funding and subsidy.
       | 
       | There shouldn't be any more funding for freight rail tracks owned
       | by private companies.
        
         | EvRev wrote:
         | Amtrak leases all tracks they use with the highest priority.
         | Nobody could afford a ticket of they had to lay their own
         | tracks.
         | 
         | Private companies are the only ones willing to make these
         | investments in infrastructure so they can leverage the data it
         | provides, i.e. BNSF and Buffet.
        
           | ajmadesc wrote:
           | Most of the transcontinentals[rail lines] were heavily
           | subsidized by all levels of government via sub-market-rate
           | loans, land grants, and special local privileges on the
           | frontier. - Conservative Enterprise Institute
        
             | stuaxo wrote:
             | Much like roads are.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | Especially the land grants. The US government gave _ten
             | percent_ of its territory to the railroads to get them
             | built. The experience proves the opposite of  "only private
             | industry will invest".
        
               | karmelapple wrote:
               | I don't understand why this piece of the thread isn't
               | more highly upvoted. The rails weren't able to do what
               | they did without massive government assistance.
        
           | GavinMcG wrote:
           | > Private companies are the only ones willing to make these
           | investments in infrastructure
           | 
           | ...because there's an anti-government cult that occupies a
           | disproportionate number of government offices in the country.
           | 
           | "Bad" investments is exactly what government is for: things
           | we'll all benefit from (including but not limited to broad
           | economic contributions) but which market incentives don't
           | align to produce.
        
             | chrisco255 wrote:
             | No. The fact the government can and frequently does make
             | failed investments and wasted capital expenditures is
             | precisely why people don't trust the government. California
             | set out to make a single high speed rail line between San
             | Francisco and LA 12 years ago and it's still not complete
             | and it's run over what, $70B so far? And it's still going
             | to be a slow rail not much faster than a trip by car after
             | it's complete? This is what happens when you let inept
             | bureaucracies spend money for which they never have to feel
             | the effects of cost/benefit trade-offs and for which the
             | opportunity costs are completely dismissed.
        
               | zapita wrote:
               | I don't understand anti-government zealots any more than
               | I understand anti-capitalism zealots. Both try to cherry-
               | pick facts in support of an obviously flawed theory: that
               | one is the pinnacle of civilization while the other is an
               | evil to root out.
               | 
               | This kind of purist thinking is dangerous because it
               | prevents you from observing the facts as they are. For
               | example whatever the root cause of California's high
               | speed rail problems, it's probably more complex than
               | "public government is bad". But you will never find out
               | because you have ideological blinders on.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Kind of like how U.S. telecom providers were given
               | something like a hundred billion to deliver broadband
               | around the country but didn't hit the promised
               | performance or coverage? The private sector includes
               | Comcast, Verizon, and AT&T, not just Apple or Amazon, and
               | you have about as much choice not to pay for them as you
               | do the local government.
               | 
               | The key thing is not the sector but whether there's an
               | effective oversight mechanism. It's a lot more productive
               | to focus on those feedback loops than trying to assume
               | any sector comes in exactly one universal quality level.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | The US telecom companies were not given something like a
               | hundred billion dollars. They were never paid those sums
               | and they were also not given tax breaks in that amount
               | either. That's one of the great forever repeating myths
               | on HN (it's useful as a propaganda item, thus the
               | repeating). There is even an HN member that has been
               | repeatedly correcting the myth for years, here you go:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7709556
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | > effective oversight mechanism
               | 
               | Hard to do when the people who really understand
               | broadband networking are working for ATT, Comcast, and
               | Verizon and not for the government.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | Are you referring to the anti-government cult in CA that
             | couldn't build a train from SF to LA for $100 billion, so
             | they decided to instead build a massive train that nobody
             | will ride from Sacramento to Bakersfield? Because that cult
             | really is destroying the government's reputation.
        
               | hiram112 wrote:
               | > Are you referring to the anti-government cult in CA
               | that couldn't build a train from SF to LA for $100
               | billion...
               | 
               | Not sure if I'm misinterpreting your comment, or you're
               | being satirical or what.
               | 
               | I was under the impression that it was the government in
               | CA that massively misspent the tax payer billions they
               | were given. As far as I know, there is still no usable
               | "high speed" rail between LA and SF, which is exactly the
               | type of project the left claims they could build, if we
               | just gave the benevolent government more cash.
               | 
               | But maybe I'm in my own bubble, and have not heard the
               | truth.
               | 
               | I'm more familiar with the "great" government
               | infrastructure we've got in my own area. Let's just say
               | the DC metro is garbage, and should've been seized from
               | the corrupt local politicians who've used it as a crony
               | jobs program for the last few decades. But instead,
               | they'll be gifted with tens of billions of more tax payer
               | dollars as part of the various stimulus bills.
               | 
               | Forgive me if I've absolutely no faith in anything the
               | government touches anymore.
        
               | door101 wrote:
               | > Forgive me if I've absolutely no faith in anything the
               | government touches anymore.
               | 
               | do you drive on roads
        
               | stickyricky wrote:
               | The thing governments keep building despite their
               | contribution to climate change, air pollution, destroyed
               | neighborhoods, and inefficient land use? The thing funded
               | by the poor at the same rate as the rich? You know... I
               | think I've heard of them. My government is building
               | another 6 lane overpass over a neighborhood (and its a
               | toll!). Hope this one works out!
        
               | syshum wrote:
               | Yes, and I have to have a truck because if I drove a
               | normal car it would be int eh shop every week due to all
               | the damage the government roads would cause to the
               | suspension
               | 
               | The "who will build the roads" trope is common statement
               | for people that support government largess, is ironically
               | poor example of "good government" and completely ignores
               | reality that in most area's the government does a VERY
               | VERY VERY poor job at road maintenance while charging the
               | citizens an obscene amount of money for that poor
               | service.
               | 
               | If a private home owner assocation paid the amount of
               | money most governments do per mile of private road they
               | would be in the civil courts suing that contractor.
               | 
               | BTW many communities in the US do have private roads in
               | them, maintained by the owners of the homes in those
               | communities
        
               | door101 wrote:
               | Oh you're like one of those libertarians
        
               | dimitrios1 wrote:
               | No, no, they must be referring to the anti-government
               | cult that couldn't repair a one mile stretch of subway in
               | NYC for 3 billion!
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | I have worked in the Central Valley. Frankly anything
               | that ties the SF Bay Area and LA Basin to the Central
               | Valley is a good thing.
               | 
               | This does not defend the appalling incompetence in
               | "managing" the HSR project, I'm just defending the choice
               | of running the train up the Central Valley which I had
               | not understood at the time the project was initially
               | approved.
        
               | 0xffff2 wrote:
               | Running the train up the central valley was always part
               | of the plan and is a perfectly reasonable thing to do.
               | The problem is that California is currently building a
               | train from one end of the valley to the other that
               | _doesn't_ actually connect to either major metro area.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | CAHSR essentially consists of 6 separate pieces: Bay
               | Area-to-Central Valley; the SF Peninsula run; Sacramento-
               | to-Central Valley; LA-to-Central Valley; LA-to-San Diego;
               | and the Central Valley itself. San Diego, San Francisco,
               | and Sacramento were all planned to be later phases
               | anyways, which means the initial operating segment
               | choices are either the Central Valley itself or crossing
               | into it in the Bay Area or LA.
               | 
               | The Central Valley was chosen as the first construction
               | package area because a lot of the initial money CAHSR got
               | from the federal government had to be spent quickly, and
               | flat ground means that the construction would be the
               | cheapest and quickest construction portion. That the
               | result has neither been cheap nor quick is a pretty
               | severe indictment of the epic mismanagement involved.
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | It's also politically astute to do the first major public
               | spending in the reddest part of the state, and then
               | connect to the endpoints who are less likely to change
               | their minds.
        
               | hellbannedguy wrote:
               | I used to be a general contractor. I kinda know how
               | government building contracts are handed out.
               | 
               | In order to bid on a project, the government needs three
               | bids from three from three different companies.
               | 
               | In my county, we have continual road, sewer,
               | communications work. It's almost like it's never ending
               | work that doesn't get completed?
               | 
               | I live in the lovely liberal enclave of Marin County.
               | 
               | I noticed, in my county, there is one company that gets
               | All the work. (A very old company. If you live here you
               | know it's Italian name.)
               | 
               | A few years back I started looking at the competing three
               | bids. I looked up the heads of the companies that were
               | bidding.
               | 
               | What I found was surprising.
               | 
               | In many cases the three companies that bid on a
               | government job had a family member, related to the
               | company that gets all our county work, on their
               | contractor's licenses.
               | 
               | It looks like the Italian family sent their
               | kids/grandkids to Sacramento to pass a very easy test,
               | and had them set up "separate" companies.
               | 
               | Why--so at bidding time the three companies would be
               | eesntially bidding against themselfs.
               | 
               | The winner of the "rigged" bid gets the contract
               | essentially for the Italian family that gets all the
               | jobs, and keeps the never ending road infrastructure jobs
               | going.
               | 
               | The companies must share equipment, and employees? I
               | guess it's all legal?
               | 
               | So---if you ever wonder why one company seems to get all
               | the contracts, it might now be that it's the best
               | company.
               | 
               | I do understand it takes millions in machines to build
               | projects, and not every company has the equipment.
               | 
               | I just feel like the system is rigged, and not more
               | efficient than many government run projects.
               | 
               | When there no real competition, and politicians who are
               | way out of their expertise, granting the OK for a huge
               | job; the private company can pretty much do whatever it
               | wants, and blame the slowdown on the, "infarculator of
               | the ground water table rod of thelvin, and that's why
               | it's taking so long Chief?"
               | 
               | (Some projects have Performance Bonds. Many do not
               | require them. Those ongoing projects where they seem to
               | did up a road, and repair it, then dig it up again; most
               | likely don't have Performance Bonds.)
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | I'm paraphrasing Adam Carolla here, but he's not the only
               | one who has made this observation: the average business
               | owner is way smarter than the average politician. They
               | will run rings around any regulations that hurt their
               | profitability, and if they can't, they will leave and
               | take the economic contributions of their business with
               | them.
        
               | underwater wrote:
               | I don't think it's necessarily smarter. Businesses just
               | have a lot of advantages the government doesn't have.
               | They can be nimble. They are not beholden to voters. They
               | can take existential risks.
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | >..because there's an anti-government cult that occupies a
             | disproportionate number of government offices in the
             | country.
             | 
             | Yeah, all those evil libertarians that run the west coast
             | /s
             | 
             | NE corridor has decent passenger rail. CA has laughable
             | passenger rail. Both are as blue and pro-"fix problems with
             | government" as can be. I know sample size is only 2 but
             | this does point to the cause of the discrepancy being
             | elsewhere.
             | 
             | I agree that "picking up the shit nobody else will" is the
             | kind of investment government should be making but clearly
             | just "removing the anti-government cult" isn't enough to
             | make passenger rail succeed.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | kolinko wrote:
           | In some if not most countries in Europe tracks are built by
           | government owned companies. So it is possible
        
           | pridkett wrote:
           | Amtrak owns most of the Northeast Corridor[0] - except the
           | section from New Haven to New Rochelle, which is owned by the
           | State of CT and Metro North. Incidentally, there are the
           | sections where the Acela slows to a crawl. This is also the
           | most viable corridor for Amtrak.
           | 
           | They also own sections of other lines - including the New
           | Haven-Springfield line[1].
           | 
           | [0]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northeast_Corridor
           | 
           | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartford_Line
        
           | jen20 wrote:
           | > Nobody could afford a ticket of they had to lay their own
           | tracks.
           | 
           | Only assuming ticket sales needed to cover all operations,
           | which definitely need not be the case.
        
           | caturopath wrote:
           | > Amtrak leases all tracks they use with the highest
           | priority.
           | 
           | Not in any useful way: freight delays passenger trains in the
           | US with impunity.
           | 
           | http://blog.amtrak.com/2019/05/why-are-amtrak-trains-
           | delayed...
        
             | tedunangst wrote:
             | My understanding is that's a somewhat deceptive
             | description, but would appreciate clarification. Amtrak has
             | priority in that when they lease the line, they select the
             | time their train runs, and freight schedules around. But if
             | Amtrak is delayed, the freight train doesn't have to jump
             | off the tracks to clear space.
        
               | gimmeThaBeet wrote:
               | My experience (Norfolk Southern and CSX operate the
               | tracks in my area) is that I am learning that amtrak is
               | supposed to have priority right here. My personal
               | experience has been almost the opposite. Knock on wood,
               | in my recollection I've never experienced any other
               | significant delay except freight traffic interference.
               | But like, on separate occasions, I've had a 4+ hour delay
               | from Chicago to Buffalo (~8 hour drive), couple hours
               | through NY State, had a 20 minute stop in Syracuse turn
               | into 1.5 hours, all due to freight traffic. I assume the
               | train is going to arrive where I'm going like an hour
               | late at least.
               | 
               | The only significant thing that wasn't freight related,
               | is they split the train in Albany when you are going to
               | NYC or Boston. The second train had some issues, so it
               | took a bit to get a different one, so we were sitting
               | there without power in like, July for an hour or so.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | That would seem rather circular, since Amtrak delays are
               | almost always _caused_ by freight trains. (Unless it 's
               | horrible snow blizzard weather or something.)
               | 
               | My personal experience is that having taken Amtrak from
               | NYC a huge number of times, it's never been meaningfully
               | delayed leaving Penn Station. But that it will _get_
               | delayed en route, as the train comes to a halt and the
               | conductor announces we 're waiting for a freight train.
               | We wait for 10 or 15 minutes, the freight train takes a
               | couple minutes to whiz by, and then we start moving
               | again.
               | 
               | So I don't know what priority Amtrak has on paper, but in
               | reality Amtrak trains that leave on time _are_ delayed by
               | freight.
               | 
               | So much so that for my return trip where I catch a train
               | that's already been en route for 8+ hours, it's virtually
               | always 30-90 minutes late.
        
               | anaerobicover wrote:
               | I want to corroborate this. I have ridden between NYC,
               | Boston, and Chicago dozens of times, a very nice trip.
               | Heading west, we generally to Albany-Renssalear on time,
               | make the connection, and proceed on time. Even in winter
               | snow.
               | 
               | The number of times it has _not_ been delayed by freight
               | after that, crossing upstate New York, numbers in the
               | single digits.
               | 
               | For some reason eastbound seems to fare better, but still
               | no guarantees.
        
               | gimmeThaBeet wrote:
               | 100% agree. The Late Shore Limited is in fact not a lazy
               | joke.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | While that is true, there are a few freight companies
               | that don't particularly care about the priority
               | situation, so that they don't care about causing the
               | initial delay that causes the loss of priority.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | Delays can have cascading effects. And if a freight train
               | is delayed, or breaks down on a crossing track at 5:00pm,
               | it's not like it can get out of the way just because
               | Amtrak is scheduled to go through at 5:15.
        
               | hedora wrote:
               | The bigger issue is that the freight companies control
               | line maintenance. The upshot is that there's no incentive
               | to straighten the tracks to run them at higher than
               | freight train speeds.
               | 
               | For example, on the San Jose <-> Oakland commuter line
               | (which has existed for decades!), Amtrak runs trains with
               | top speeds of 120mph (or was it 85?) at something closer
               | to a top speed of 45mph.
               | 
               | Edit: Also, the freight line routes no longer make sense.
               | For instance, they run through a pedestrian plaza in Jack
               | London square to an ecological restoration area in south
               | bay, where most factories have been shut down. (There are
               | still salt ponds, but that salt evaporation plant is
               | slowly being shut down in an ecologically responsible
               | way, as I understand it).
               | 
               | I think they should give the freight company imminent
               | domain rights to run a line due east (to sparsely
               | populated areas), allowing the freight lines to run
               | unimpeded by Bay Area rush hour and pedestrians. In
               | exchange, the freight lines would give their existing
               | right of way to commuter rail systems.
               | 
               | Also, while I'm dreaming, Bart would be converted to
               | standard track width, and they'd restore the Palo Alto to
               | Santa Cruz commuter rail lines. Then, all the systems
               | would be put under a single authority, and all the
               | transfers between the existing systems would be timed
               | transfers.
        
               | schoen wrote:
               | > imminent domain
               | 
               | Should be "eminent".
               | 
               | https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/eminent_domain
               | 
               | It's amazing to see the trains running at-grade right
               | through a busy downtown street in Oakland; I feel like
               | I've never seen that anywhere else! (Except in
               | _Inception_ as part of a nightmare, maybe.)
        
           | JCharante wrote:
           | > Nobody could afford a ticket of they had to lay their own
           | tracks.
           | 
           | I'm under the impression that China subsidizes the cost of
           | train tickets because it's viewed as an economic multiplier
           | and sociatal benefit. As an American, it'd be pretty cool if
           | America could do this. It'd also be helpful for tourists to
           | visit smaller train connected cities rather than flying from
           | 1 hub to the next.
        
             | blackguardx wrote:
             | We consider roads an economic multiplier and societal
             | benefit. They never pay for themselves with gas taxes.
             | 
             | We should build out more rail with the same logic.
        
               | briffle wrote:
               | Same with airports
        
               | colin_mccabe wrote:
               | The US highway system did pay for itself out of gas
               | taxes. The highway trust fund was set up for this
               | purpose. See
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highway_Trust_Fund . In
               | recent years the highway trust fund has not been
               | adequate, for two reasons: one, Congress diverted money
               | from the highway trust fund to fund things that were not
               | highways, and two, the value of the tax didn't keep pace
               | with inflation and it hasn't been increased recently.
        
               | codekansas wrote:
               | That plus the clear difference that funding trains would
               | basically mean subsidizing the operations of a few large
               | companies, while anyone can drive on publicly funded
               | roads
        
               | realityking wrote:
               | Since Amtrak is fully owned by the federal government,
               | why not let them run the trains. That way there's no
               | subsidizing of a few large companies.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | Amtrak is the brand name for the service provided by
               | National Railroad Passenger Corporation, a weird quasi-
               | public, ostensibly for-profit corporation. Its stock is
               | all owned by the government, but it's not supposed to be
               | dependent on subsidies to operate.
        
           | guerrilla wrote:
           | > Amtrak leases all tracks they use with the highest
           | priority.
           | 
           | Since when? Source? They were always getting preempted when I
           | used it.
        
             | bpye wrote:
             | They are supposed to have priority [0] but the system lacks
             | enforcement.
             | 
             | [0] - http://blog.amtrak.com/2019/05/why-are-amtrak-trains-
             | delayed...
        
       | AtlasBarfed wrote:
       | I know people dispute self-driving cars actual feasibility, but
       | with some convergent infrastructure they are an inevitability for
       | long-haul transport.
       | 
       | Realistically how fast could america get its trains? 150 mph? And
       | with long stops, how fast is that?
       | 
       | Meanwhile we can probably automate 100mph highway self driving,
       | leave when you want, costs less, carry more luggage, can stop to
       | see things along the way, can go more places and directions, and
       | you have a car when you get there.
       | 
       | Long haul rail IMO is really just for cargo.
        
         | freeone3000 wrote:
         | > and you have a car when you get there.
         | 
         | Yes, that's the entire problem. The congestion, parking issues,
         | public cost, and pedestrian hostility of cars doesn't go away
         | just because they get automated.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Even if you imagine cities with great mass transit, a ton of
           | places that people go to are not cities and pretty much
           | require personal transportation and this is hardly limited to
           | the US.
        
         | shalmanese wrote:
         | > Realistically how fast could america get its trains? 150 mph?
         | 
         | Ah, yes. The height of American ambition is to aspire to a
         | future train eventually reaching speeds 70% of what is
         | considered normal elsewhere in the world.
        
         | twobitshifter wrote:
         | Right evtol also seems to be ramping up. For the individuals
         | direct transport is always going to be preferable. The cost for
         | evtol is much lower than for rail or highways, however
         | currently they require pilots which is a stumbling block.
        
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