[HN Gopher] Apple's M1 Positioning Mocks the Entire x86 Business...
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       Apple's M1 Positioning Mocks the Entire x86 Business Model
        
       Author : danaris
       Score  : 550 points
       Date   : 2021-04-23 01:45 UTC (21 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.extremetech.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.extremetech.com)
        
       | outside1234 wrote:
       | x86 is dead - first in consumer, then in cloud.
       | 
       | It is hard to see to me how this ends any other way. The creative
       | class (us) will quickly have largely all ARM computers within 4
       | years.
       | 
       | Its not hard to see from there how software will be even more
       | optimized for ARM variants than x86 and that the scale of both
       | mobile and consumer computing will push x86 out of the datacenter
       | slowly as old software that relies on x86 is retired over the
       | next decade.
       | 
       | People won't want to develop on x86 and deploy to ARM. ARM is
       | more power efficient which is important in the data center too.
       | We already scale by the core in the cloud, so why not just heap a
       | few more cheap cores on if we need more to match x86 (which right
       | now looks like we might not).
       | 
       | Tell me how I am wrong.
        
         | asddubs wrote:
         | a lot of people still rely on windows. maybe if microsoft gets
         | a better emulator going, but I imagine with the amount of
         | legacy they support that's a lot more challenging than for
         | apple who are much more trigger happy when it comes to imposing
         | changes on devs.
         | 
         | i think it'll definitely happen, especially with the web
         | browser increasingly taking on the role of the operating
         | system, but 4 years seems a little optimistic, even with your
         | qualification of that statement
        
         | chao- wrote:
         | I agree with you in general, but disagree on the time scale.
         | Particularly:
         | 
         | >The creative class (us) will quickly have largely all ARM
         | computers within 4 years.
         | 
         | I think good options might exist in 4 years, but still possess
         | trade-offs, where legacy x86-64 platforms still have their
         | place. This could be something as niche as maturity of IOMMU
         | implementations in x86 workstations, but stack up a bunch of
         | niches and I find it hard to see "largely all" in four years.
         | Fifty-fifty in four years, "largely all" in ten for "the
         | creative class". Then there is a long tail of industries may
         | end up legacy-bound to x86 for decades to come.
         | 
         | Nothing is guaranteed. If starting in 2022 we were to see
         | another 3-year performance plateau, ala 2016-2019, then anyone
         | who bought into an mid- or high-end x86 platform today may not
         | feel compelled to upgrade in just four years. Even if the ARM
         | options exist, it might not be a compelling enough gap in four
         | years' time. I'm not saying that a plateau is likely
         | (competitive landscape suggests the opposite), but I don't have
         | a crystal ball, so I won't discount it either.
         | 
         | Again I want to emphasize that I mostly agree, but I wouldn't
         | bet any money on sweeping changes on such an aggressive
         | timeline.
        
         | monkmartinez wrote:
         | Creative class is a lot more than programmers. Look at boutique
         | system integrators like Puget Systems... do you see Apple/ARM
         | Hardware? Heck no you don't! These guys sell hardware to a LOT
         | of the companies that comprise the credits in movie production,
         | game production, laboratories, university science departments,
         | ML researchers, big energy, and soooooo much more.
         | 
         | These guys are not rewriting their software stack for thin
         | chassis, thermal limited, and non-repairable hardware. Raytheon
         | doesn't buy Apple/ARM hardware for their simulations, design
         | and development. Does Boeing, Airbus, Ford or Caterpillar run
         | on Apple/ARM hardware? Are these companies just chomping at the
         | bit to ditch their legacy stacks? I don't think so.
        
           | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
           | Raytheon etc don't buy them _yet_.
           | 
           | But the M1 is already a huge hit in the music and design
           | community, which is pro-performance oriented. If subsequent
           | Mnx chips provide enough of a speed bump they're going to
           | destroy the high end Xeon market.
        
             | kingosticks wrote:
             | You've named two industries where Apple have histrionically
             | been really popular, mostly because of their software
             | rather than for any particular performance reason. They'd
             | all buy the latest, Apple product whatever was inside
             | because that's the _only_ one Apple is going to support
             | going forward. The idea of real high-performance computing
             | moving to ARM is entirely dependent on there being suitable
             | good software support, which currently does not exist (at
             | least in my industry there is nothing yet and the vendors
             | move very slowly). This  "destruction" might eventually
             | come but it won't be any time soon and Intel will of course
             | react in the meantime.
        
           | stephenr wrote:
           | The parent comment didn't say "we'll all be using Apple"
           | 
           | He said ARM.
        
             | monkmartinez wrote:
             | I edited my comment as I think in the context of the larger
             | discussion, ARM and Apple are basically interchangeable.
        
               | ascagnel_ wrote:
               | I wholeheartedly disagree. Apple is probably the "first,
               | best" case of ARM, but there's absolutely nothing
               | stopping anyone from making a similar investment in ARM
               | hardware. Indeed, Amazon is already doing so with
               | Graviton, and we're seeing similar improvements in both
               | raw speed and in perf/watt like what we're seeing with M1
               | chips vs. Intel[0]. And that's one of the best parts of
               | ARM -- the design itself is available for licensing,
               | unlike x86, so anyone can pony up the cash and build up
               | their own customized chips that maintain compatibility
               | with base ARM code (maybe needing a recompile to take
               | advantage of new hardware features).
               | 
               | [0] https://dev.to/dnx/arm-vs-intel-a-real-world-
               | comparison-usin...
        
           | jtbayly wrote:
           | ARM, not Apple. They are not the same thing.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | Right now they pretty much are.
        
           | cptskippy wrote:
           | > Creative class is a lot more than programmers.
           | 
           | I'm not sure anyone thinks programmers when they think
           | creative class. That's like saying the professional athlete
           | class is a lot more than just Pokemon Go players...
        
             | rvense wrote:
             | Isn't creative class just people who make things without
             | consuming raw materials? I think it includes consultants,
             | "knowledge workers", etc. in its original formulation, not
             | just artists.
        
             | Mauricebranagh wrote:
             | Yes that's very much the more artistic side aka graphic
             | designers, it smacks of doing an easy "olgy" degree or even
             | a "PPE".
             | 
             | The sort who work in traditional professional jobs and who
             | shudder at the thought of the "boffins" and greasy
             | "engineers" .
             | 
             | Recall yesterdays conversation about European pay rates for
             | developers.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | Intel and AMD aren't standing still in this.
        
           | akmarinov wrote:
           | Apple also isn't just standing around, enjoying the M1
        
         | nightowl_games wrote:
         | You overestimate the size and relevance of your peer group and
         | you underestimate the inertia that will impede this migration.
        
         | smiley1437 wrote:
         | Are there examples of Arm designs OTHER than the M1 which are
         | suitable for consumers? Yes, the M1 is a remarkable product and
         | it will certainly make inroads against x86 on the desktop but
         | it is from a single company. Will Apple M1 (2, 3 etc) replace
         | all x86 devices in a decade? That's hard to swallow. Now, if we
         | see another Arm product released that ALSO kicks x86 butt, from
         | another player, then maybe I'd believe a change is happening
        
           | xiphias2 wrote:
           | Lots of software have been ported to ARM architecture in the
           | last half year, so the clock started ticking for great ARM
           | based Windows laptops. But it's clear that ARM's memory
           | ordering has won.
        
           | jareklupinski wrote:
           | if you are not using an apple phone, your smartphone likely
           | uses an ARM-licensed chip, and chromebooks/windows RT devices
           | ran ARM cores
           | 
           | the only thing holding back wider adoption is legacy x86
           | software
        
             | ulzeraj wrote:
             | Gaming is still x86 territory and that includes 2 of the 3
             | main competing gaming consoles isn't? Hard to think of a
             | PS5 as legacy stuff.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | That's only because no one other than Apple has put up a
               | serious competition in ARM CPU space.
               | 
               | Earlier consoles used a _boatload_ of different CPU and
               | GPU architectures (PowerPC, SuperH, IBM Cell, other
               | proprietary stuff, x86), nowadays consoles have converged
               | to essentially a locked down, glorified x86 PC on one
               | side (Xbox One, Xbox S /X, PS4, PS5) and ruggedized ARM-
               | based tablets (Nintendo Switch) on the other side.
               | 
               | On the mobile gaming space, ARM already has achieved
               | utter dominance with Switch + iPhone + Android... all it
               | needs for ARM to conquer the console market is for
               | someone to tape out an extremely powerful chip and
               | actually sell it - Apple won't.
        
               | meepmorp wrote:
               | Is the dominance of x86 due to any inherent properties of
               | x86, or historical legacy?
               | 
               | I think the xbox-s/x and ps5's choice of CPU vendor was
               | driven more by business factors and the integrated
               | graphics, than the virtues of x86 per se. The Switch does
               | pretty well despite the less powerful CPU in the tegra.
        
               | daniellarusso wrote:
               | Is not the majority of gaming occurring on mobile ARM
               | devices, not dedicated consoles or rigs?
               | 
               | "Mobile gaming has fast become the largest gaming market
               | in the world with industry revenue expected to hit $76.7
               | Billion by the end of 2020 and 2.2 million mobile gamers
               | worldwide. It's become so popular that 72.3% of mobile
               | users in the US are also mobile phone gamers. To put this
               | into perspective when compared with the wider video game
               | market, by 2022 the global game market is set to reach
               | $196 Billion, and the mobile gaming market will account
               | for $95.4 Billion of that alone."
               | 
               | https://www.wepc.com/statistics/mobile-gaming/
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | >Is not the majority of gaming occurring on mobile ARM
               | devices, not dedicated consoles or rigs?
               | 
               | Yes, the "I'm taking a 5 minute toilet break" gaming or
               | the "I'm sitting in a bus and I have nothing else to do"
               | gaming.
               | 
               | It's making money off of whales who like that there is
               | f2p plankton to gobble up.
               | 
               | I played a bunch of mobile games in 2014 and they were
               | all trash or cash grabs. Often with grinds worse than
               | MMORPGs.
        
             | ankurdhama wrote:
             | The smartphone ARM and chromebook ARM processors are
             | nowhere near the M1 or x86 CPU in terms of performance. You
             | need an M1 kind performance in these devices outside of
             | Apple.
        
             | tedd4u wrote:
             | Also Raspberry Pi's are ARM.
             | 
             | ARM Macs run x86 software great (my experience) and ARM
             | Windows machines run x86 software adequately (I have read).
             | Don't know how well QEmu works on Linux - haven't tried it
             | but know it's available.
        
               | selcuka wrote:
               | Apple's Rosetta 2 that allows x86 code to run on M1 is a
               | different beast than QEmu though. It translates x86
               | machine code to ARM code. That's why it is much faster
               | than VM solutions.
        
               | makomk wrote:
               | QEmu also translates x86 machine code to ARM code, or
               | vice-versa, or many other combinations. It's more
               | optimised for portability and ease of adding translation
               | support for new architectures than performance though but
               | it's a really nifty bit of engineering.
        
           | selcuka wrote:
           | Qualcomm is also entering the laptop segment with its 8cx
           | platform [1]. While not a serious contender to M1 yet, it is
           | comparable to an Intel i5 [2].
           | 
           | Samsung is also planning to release an Exynos laptop [3].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon-8cx-
           | gen-2-5g-co...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/snapdragon-8cx-
           | vs-co...
           | 
           | [3] https://www.engadget.com/samsung-exynos-
           | amd-2200-windows-10-...
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | Qualcomm tried so many times, it is actually a strong
             | argument against ARM dominance, if Apple is the only one
             | who can make it work but there are two companies that can
             | make x86 work then the answer is pretty obvious which
             | architecture is better.
        
             | slezyr wrote:
             | So what? Microsoft SQ1 has been there for a while [1].
             | Without a software support they are just a fancy stones
             | that can't run desktop software.
             | 
             | 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_Pro_X
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | Qualcomm are _terrible_ , though; rather than doing an M1
             | and competing on performance, they rely on cornering the
             | mobile market with a patent portfolio.
             | 
             | They also have (fortunately) zero control over the
             | downstream software, so they can't do Apple-style
             | vertically integrated improvements.
        
         | nerfhammer wrote:
         | waiting for the gaming console announcement
        
           | Gaelan wrote:
           | If you mean specifically an Apple Silicon game console,
           | that's the Apple TV.
        
           | incanus77 wrote:
           | Uh, Nintendo Switch?
        
             | 1_player wrote:
             | Something a bit more modern and powerful, perhaps?
        
         | Mauricebranagh wrote:
         | "creative class" :-)
         | 
         | The m1 is cool but for heavy duty work its still got a number
         | of issues memory multiple displays.
         | 
         | Rember there no such thing as to much Memory, IPC, Graphics
         | performance - thee is sadly often a luck of budget.
        
         | ankurdhama wrote:
         | Only if I can buy a desktop/laptop with a powerful ARM
         | processor and plug-in a bootable usb and install operating
         | system (arm version) of my choice with all drivers etc working
         | fine.
        
           | Gaelan wrote:
           | I expect this will be the case with Linux on the M1 in a year
           | or two, given the pace of marcan's work. Windows depends on
           | Microsoft's willingness, of course.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | That's an argument against the M1 and ARM dominance.
        
             | ankurdhama wrote:
             | That's the thing, reverse engineered drivers are not the
             | solution and I don't see Apple providing drivers or any
             | documentation of M1 SoC for other operating system. We need
             | M1 equivalent from vendors that are NOT into "vertical
             | integration" like Apple.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | Ok, it's time for the emulation anxiety meme (based on EV
           | range anxiety), will this system emulate this extremely
           | performance intensive x86 game at ultra with 4k graphics at
           | 144hz? If not, then I will not buy it.
        
         | CrLf wrote:
         | > People won't want to develop on x86 and deploy to ARM.
         | 
         | It's still too early to say if people want to develop on ARM to
         | deploy on x86.
         | 
         | The 90's with all their "better than x86" chips couldn't beat
         | the fact that people want to develop on the same architecture
         | to which they deploy. Back then that meant displacing all these
         | other chips from the server side because there was no option
         | but x86 for us mortals to have as PCs.
         | 
         | This dearth of alternatives on the server side took out their
         | respective offerings on the high-end/niche workstation market
         | as well. The PowerPC was one of these casualties, lets not
         | forget about that.
         | 
         | Things are even worse today. The x86 is dominant in both ends
         | and has no real alternatives: ARM server chips are weak and the
         | inertia of building on x86 and deploying on x86 is too strong,
         | and ARM desktop chips are also weak, except for a single luxury
         | brand (Apple, which incidentally cares very little for any
         | developers besides the ones that develop for their own
         | ecosystem).
        
           | matwood wrote:
           | > ARM server chips are weak
           | 
           | For AWS cloud customers, I don't think this is true anymore.
           | Graviton2 is quite capable with better performance in some
           | instances for less money. I've already started moving some
           | Java services to Graviton2 for the cost savings.
           | 
           | AWS is positioning the the Graviton2 in such a way that
           | everyone using AWS will end up on them if they can.
        
         | matkoniecz wrote:
         | > as old software that relies on x86 is retired over the next
         | decade.
         | 
         | seems very, very, very unlikely to me
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | >Tell me how I am wrong.
         | 
         | It's already difficult enough to get Windows games to run on
         | Linux, getting them to run on ARM with good performance isn't
         | going to happen, especially when every ARM vendor insists on
         | using an integrated GPU.
        
           | jeofken wrote:
           | If your CI system builds for x86 and ARM from the first
           | build, it will be simple to ship to both. For old games it'd
           | be harder, but one could maybe compile from one ASM to
           | another.
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | The difference is the advantage Apple has with their HW+SW
       | vertical integration. Its as simple as that.
       | 
       | Intel sells CPUs, so it creates the ranges of CPUs to make money.
       | They advertise clock speed and put the higher ones on a pedestal,
       | that is how they can charge more money. The OEMs just used that
       | playbook and developed their own marketing stories on top of
       | Intel's marketing. Either no one tried to differentiate or they
       | just didn't have the power to fight it.
       | 
       | Apple has a lot going for it in that scenario. They never had
       | proliferation of models and always kept the number of options to
       | a minimum. They also don't deal with volume, so they didn't have
       | to do 20 variations of mac mini or the iMac. They kind of did
       | their own thing even with the intel macs. Now with their own
       | processor they were in a position to double down and make the
       | whole product line even more efficient.
       | 
       | Like the article said, they couldn't have done if the M1 is not
       | clearly better than the competition.
        
         | slver wrote:
         | > Intel sells CPUs, so it creates the ranges of CPUs to make
         | money. They advertise clock speed and put the higher ones on a
         | pedestal, that is how they can charge more money.
         | 
         | How is any of this specific to Intel?
         | 
         | Apple uses M1 at different clockrates in different devices. And
         | that's not only due to battery and heat concerns, but also
         | because those M1 are rated to run without errors at different
         | clockrates.
         | 
         | Similarly the new iMacs come with two types of GPU: 7 core
         | (cheap), and 8 core (more expensive). The 7-core ones had one
         | core disabled because it was defective.
         | 
         | What Intel does reflects the simple reality of producing
         | microchips. Some units turn out better than others. So you sell
         | them at different prices. It's the same for AMD. It's the same
         | Apple.
         | 
         | > Apple has a lot going for it in that scenario. They never had
         | proliferation of models and always kept the number of options
         | to a minimum.
         | 
         | Yet.
        
           | SavantIdiot wrote:
           | > How is any of this specific to Intel?
           | 
           | As of right now, there are 6 different Intel processor brands
           | and close to 100 different SKUs.
           | 
           | Source: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/deta
           | ils/pro...
           | 
           | Currently, there is one M1.
        
             | slver wrote:
             | I just explained above there's no single M1. They vary by
             | core count, and by clockrate. And probably more.
             | 
             | The only thing that's "one" about M1 is the brand. It's one
             | brand. It's easy to have a clean brand, when you don't sell
             | naked CPUs by themselves. "Oh everything we have has M1".
             | It doesn't even matter if this is accurate or not, we
             | realize that, right?
             | 
             | Are we going to hold up Intel for having hundreds of SKUs
             | because they sell chips alone, and Apple sells them in
             | computers? I hope not, that'd be silly.
             | 
             | Are we also going to hold up Intel for being in the PC CPU
             | business for decades, while Apple has been at it for
             | several months only? I hope not, that'd also be silly.
             | 
             | Finally, are we going to hold up Intel for targeting cheap
             | office machines, and high-end data centers, and hardcore
             | gamers, and scientific uses, and many other customers that
             | Apple isn't even trying to have? I hope not, same reason.
             | :-)
        
               | SavantIdiot wrote:
               | I thought you were making a claim that Apple would
               | eventually trend like Intel with hundreds of SKUs. I
               | don't see apple complicating its CPU line like that
               | because it has no need to: the M1 works in a variety of
               | scenarios, which which is what the OP was pointing out.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | > It's easy to have a clean brand
               | 
               | I think vast evidence over the past few decades has
               | proven this is actually not the case, especially in tech.
               | 
               | > , when you don't sell naked CPUs by themselves.
               | 
               | This is Intel's choice of a hill to die on. They drove
               | everyone else out of the market then failed to realize
               | that market itself is collapsing with the rise of cloud
               | computing and ISA agnosticism and haven't evolved with
               | the times.
        
       | wayneftw wrote:
       | Meh. The M1 got laughed right out of our office. It couldn't do
       | anything without us changing all of our code and tooling for it.
       | 
       | We'll see how stable the landscape looks for it in five years.
        
       | shoto_io wrote:
       | _> Apple's gamble, with the M1, is that its custom CPU
       | performance is now so high, at such low power consumption, that
       | the choice of chip inside the system has become irrelevant within
       | a given product generation. It challenges OEMs to consider how
       | they might spec higher-end systems if some of the higher price
       | tag didn't have to pay for a faster CPU._
       | 
       | I guess that's the key paragraph.
        
       | monkmartinez wrote:
       | You get an M1 with the new iPad Pro as well! I hadn't thought of
       | the situation as the article presents. When shown in that light,
       | it made me pause to reflect. The M1 doesn't make sense when its
       | in every darn product. The only differentiator is screen size,
       | RAM, and OS?
       | 
       | I will admit that I switched to Thinkpad and Win10 about two
       | years ago when I had to return my butterfly for the 5th time. I
       | am not looking back either. If anything, I am more focused on AMD
       | Ryzen and Nvidia 30 series chips in MSI, Lenovo Legion and Asus
       | offerings. There is nothing I can't do with one of those
       | machines. Going Apple is a backward move for me as I like to
       | program, design in CAD, play steam VR, and run blender sims.
       | Can't do any of those well with Apple hardware.
        
         | fumar wrote:
         | Why doesn't the M1 make sense in a variety of products? I don't
         | follow the logic. It is a processor that can scale to meet the
         | demands of mobile computers including laptops, tablets, and
         | designer desktops (iMac). In each use case it fulfills the its
         | computational role regardless of I/O or even operating system.
         | 
         | Based on your own description, you are self-selecting as an
         | enthusiast that prefers gaming-like PCs. Isn't that exactly the
         | sweet spot that Apple doesn't support?
        
         | nashashmi wrote:
         | I think what apple may be trying to do is reduce macOS sales
         | and full throttle on iOS sales. It no longer makes sense for a
         | macOS if it is going to have the same chip as iPad Pro.
        
         | maliker wrote:
         | I agree that the M1 doesn't look good for high performance
         | computing right now or anything with poor ARM support. But
         | strategically, I think Apple is in a good spot. For heavy
         | computation these days, I always remote into another machine.
         | With increased bandwidth and more efficient remote desktop
         | protocols, I even do all my graphics-intensive 3d work remotely
         | now. By focusing on low-power processors, Apple is making the
         | laptop/tablet/phone experience better, and I could see them
         | handling the performance issues via remote compute. It could be
         | a very effective strategy (if it is their strategy).
        
         | crooked-v wrote:
         | > The M1 doesn't make sense when its in every darn product. The
         | only differentiator is screen size, RAM, and OS?
         | 
         | They've only replaced the lower tier of Macbooks and iMacs with
         | the current M1 board, which suggests to me that they're working
         | on a variant with more CPU and GPU cores that will go into the
         | higher tiers of those machines.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | I don't think they have the fab capacity to be able to do
           | that.
           | 
           | Since M1 products are selling very well, they likely have
           | reallocated fab capacity they had planned for the successor
           | to the M1 back to making the M1.
           | 
           | A higher performance M1 would have a bigger die size. It
           | would have a lower yield and get fewer dies per wafer. The
           | same capacity would sell fewer products.
           | 
           | Apple probably earns more profits by simply selling more M1s,
           | unless they can reserve substantially more fab capacity.
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | There's already signs of multiple "next generation" chips
             | in the works.
        
             | daemoon wrote:
             | > they likely have reallocated fab capacity they had
             | planned for the successor to the M1 back to making the M1
             | 
             | Got any proof or something? This is a bold claim to make.
        
               | iSnow wrote:
               | Some benchmark sites claim they saw performance reports.
               | Whether they make those up to see more traffic, I cannot
               | tell. If I worked at Apple, I would not tell :)
               | 
               | For example https://www.cpu-monkey.com/en/cpu-
               | apple_m1x-1898 talks about a 12 Core CPU but with only
               | 16GB RAM.
        
             | kingosticks wrote:
             | > I don't think they have the fab capacity to be able to do
             | that
             | 
             | Do you have a source for there being any fab capacity
             | shortage for Apple (or anyone, for that matter) at 5nm?
             | Older nodes are a different story because that's still
             | where most of TSMC's customers are doing their high-volume
             | production.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | Plenty of people would like to die-shrink their 7nm
               | designs down to 5nm if only capacity existed.
        
               | kingosticks wrote:
               | I think plenty of people will skip it. Even ignoring the
               | high cost, not everything scales as well with every new
               | node. There're plenty of customers who will have no
               | interest in this node right now and some that will have
               | no interest in it ever. I've not seen anything that
               | suggests capacity shortages at 5nm yet, especially for
               | Apple who've already booked all of 3nm for next-gen.
        
         | fogihujy wrote:
         | > The M1 doesn't make sense when its in every darn product. The
         | only differentiator is screen size, RAM, and OS?
         | 
         | Why not? It's basically back to where we were in 1980 when
         | "everything" had a Z80 or 6502 (or both!) in it, and the major
         | differences were in what else was in the system.
        
           | anthk wrote:
           | 6809.
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | How's that any different than having a single Intel generation
         | scale all the way from low powered laptop SoCs to 12 core i9s
         | though?
         | 
         | After all, the M1s across devices aren't the same either -
         | iMacs have different configuration from iPads, those have
         | different amount of cores and clocks from Airs and MBPs as
         | well.
         | 
         | It seems like the difference is only in Apple vs. Intel
         | marketing blurb.
        
           | ipsum2 wrote:
           | Power consumption, number of cores, clock speed, etc.
        
             | izacus wrote:
             | I'm not sure what you're trying to say - M1s are differing
             | in clock speed, number of cores and number of GPU cores
             | across Apple products as well.
             | 
             | "M1" is basically equivalent to "Core i" designation from
             | Intel - except that Apple just doesn't tell you about the
             | other part.
        
               | ipsum2 wrote:
               | No? That's the entire point of the article. The only
               | difference is whether you get a 7 core or 8 core GPU.
               | 
               | > If you want to buy a MacBook Air or MacBook Pro, Apple
               | will sell you an M1. Want a Mac Mini? You get an M1.
               | Interested in the iMac or the new iPad Pro? You get an
               | M1. It's possible that the M1 CPUs inside the iMac will
               | have different thermal or clock behavior than those
               | inside the systems Apple has already launched, but the
               | company's decision to eschew clock speed disclosures
               | suggests that these CPUs differ only modestly.
               | 
               | > with the M1, is that its custom CPU performance is now
               | so high, at such low power consumption, that the choice
               | of chip inside the system has become irrelevant within a
               | given product generation
        
               | izacus wrote:
               | Exactly, so what is the point here? How exactly is that
               | different from Intel generations?
               | 
               | Why does Apple put different amount of cores and clocks
               | into different products if the choice doesn't matter? It
               | seems like there are performance differences there if
               | they choose to install differently configured SoCs in
               | different devices and even split them by pricing on the
               | iMac.
               | 
               | So, please, explain where's this big difference? (With
               | more than a single sentence of your words if possible.)
        
               | oarsinsync wrote:
               | The M1 in the macbook air throttles when it gets too hot
               | due to the thermal characteristics of the case (no active
               | cooling).
               | 
               | The M1 in the macbook pro is actively cooled, and does
               | not throttle.
               | 
               | When additional cooling is applied after-market to the
               | macbook air, it has the same performance characteristics
               | as the macbook pro.
               | 
               | The M1 is the same in both products. It throttles when
               | hotter. It's more likely to throttle if not actively
               | cooled and under heavy workload. It's not clocked
               | differently. There's no artificial constraints.
        
               | rowanG077 wrote:
               | There are only two different M1 versions. The 7 GPU
               | version and the 8 GPU version. All of the cpu cores are
               | the same. All power envelopes are the same. That's much
               | different then the vastly different form factors and
               | power envelopes intel has.
        
               | philistine wrote:
               | We have yet to see any new iPad Pro with the M1. I
               | wouldn't be surprised if there was a difference in clock
               | speed with those.
        
               | soneil wrote:
               | I've seen nothing to indicate different products have
               | different clock speeds?
               | 
               | So far we're seeing two differentiators. One is the use
               | of the 7-GPU bin to hit the bottom-of-the-range price
               | point for each product family. The other is simply the
               | different thermal characteristics of different products -
               | the passively cooled Air & iPad Pro will thermally
               | throttle earlier than the actively cooled MBP, iMac &
               | mini.
               | 
               | The products aren't being differentiated in silicon,
               | they're being differentiated in feature & format. My
               | mother can tell me the difference between an iPad and a
               | macbook without describing anything that she can't see
               | with her own eyes.
        
         | ksec wrote:
         | >The M1 doesn't make sense when its in every darn product.
         | 
         | Would you feel better if they called it A14X?
         | 
         | It is basically the same thing as what Intel is doing. Same
         | Die, different binning, different naming. Same with Core count
         | on AMD, same die, different binning on Cores and Clock Speed.
         | 
         | Apple doesn't bother do any of that because well it is
         | complicated for consumers. I call it TDP Computing. You are
         | limited by the TDP Design of the product. Not the Chip.
         | 
         | I am waiting to see Apple absolutely max out their SoC approach
         | for Mac Pro.
        
           | BillinghamJ wrote:
           | Apple is doing binning, at least to some extent. e.g. some
           | Macs have only 7 GPU cores rather than 8. Presumably that's
           | done to a greater extent for the iPad Pro
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | >I am waiting to see Apple absolutely max out their SoC
           | approach for Mac Pro.
           | 
           | But they already maxed out their SoCs in the benchmarks
           | because Geekbench doesn't care about TDP. The TDP makes a
           | difference in real world performance but not in the
           | benchmarks.
        
             | ksec wrote:
             | They are only maxed out in Single Thread Performance with
             | its current power designed constrain per Core using current
             | low power node.
        
         | kmeisthax wrote:
         | Apple differentiates the majority of their products by
         | generation rather than binning. If you buy a low-end iPad, you
         | get an A12; the iPad Air steps you up to an A14; and the iPad
         | Pro gets you an M1.
         | 
         | This is less evident on the Macintosh side of the business
         | right now because they're just trying to get M1 silicon into as
         | many product lines as their fab capacity will allow. They don't
         | actually have an M2 (or even M1X) to sell high-end products
         | with yet, which is why they're starting with low-end products
         | first. When they release upgraded chips, they will almost be
         | used to transition the high end models with lower-end product
         | getting it later.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | > Apple differentiates the majority of their products by
           | generation rather than binning.
           | 
           | This simplifies things for consumers, but how do you make
           | chips without binning? Are they all just that reliable? Do
           | they all have extra cores? Maybe Intel bins more because they
           | can squeeze out a significantly better price for more core
           | and cache, but Apple's margins are already so high they don't
           | care?
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | Apple has always binned; they just don't publicly announce
             | it all the time. For example, iPod Touch has been
             | historically underclocked compared to the equivalent chip
             | in iPhone or iPad.
        
             | kmeisthax wrote:
             | So, there are a few instances where Apple _does_ bin their
             | products:
             | 
             | 1. "7-core GPU" M1 Macs, which have one of the eight GPU
             | cores disabled for yield
             | 
             | 2. The A12X, which also had one GPU core disabled (which
             | was later shipped in an 8-core GPU configuration for the
             | A12Z)
             | 
             | 3. iPod Touch, which uses lower-clocked A10 chips
             | 
             | It's not like Apple is massively overbuilding their chips
             | or has a zero defect rate. It's more that Intel is
             | massively overbinning their chips for product segmentation
             | purposes. Defect rates rarely, if _ever_ , fit a nice
             | product demand curve. You'll wind up producing too many
             | good chips and not enough bad ones, and this will get worse
             | as your yields improve. Meanwhile, the actual demand curve
             | means that you'll sell far more cheap CPUs than expensive
             | ones. So in order to meet demand you have to start turning
             | off or limiting perfectly working hardware in order to make
             | a worse product.
             | 
             | Apple doesn't have to do this because they're vertically
             | integrated. The chip design part of the business doesn't
             | have to worry about maximizing profit on individual designs
             | - they just have to make the best chip they can within the
             | cost budget of the business units they serve. So the
             | company as a whole can afford to differentiate products by
             | what CPU design you're getting, rather than what hardware
             | has been turned off. Again, they aren't generating _that_
             | many defects to begin with, and old chips are going to have
             | better yields and cost less to make anyway. It makes more
             | sense for Apple to leave a bit of money on the table at the
             | middle of the product stack and charge more for other, more
             | obviously understandable upgrades (e.g. more RAM or
             | storage) at the high end instead.
        
             | DenseComet wrote:
             | It seems like they do binning. For example, the M1 with 7
             | gpu cores vs 8 gpu cores.
        
               | morpheuskafka wrote:
               | That struck me as an extremely odd metric to
               | differentiate products by, given its low relevance to
               | non-technical users who don't know what a GPU core even
               | is (except gamers, but they are not buying iMacs).
               | Additionally, most people are going to think adding one
               | more core is hardly worth the price upgrade, and its
               | quite strange to see an odd number of cores.
        
               | ksec wrote:
               | Apple dont bin them because of price / product
               | differentiation as in Intel / AMD.
               | 
               | Apple bin them only because of yield.
               | 
               | I also think Apple doesn't want to use their M1 as
               | differentiator. They use RAM and Storage instead which is
               | an easier concept to grasp by consumers.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | It will have a far greater than 1/8th performance impact.
               | 
               | When data structures are power-of-two sizes, having 7
               | cores instead of 8 could halve performance, since the
               | work gets split into 4 pieces and 3 cores sit idle.
        
               | rubatuga wrote:
               | GPU schedulers are much, much more advanced than you give
               | credit.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Toutouxc wrote:
               | Nope, AFAIK the actual performance impact is < 10 % for
               | most workloads.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tobyhinloopen wrote:
               | Well GPU data structures aren't always a power of two,
               | right? There's more than textures. For a fact, I know
               | vertex count (vertex shaders?) and screen sizes (fragment
               | shaders?) will rarely be exactly a power of two.
        
               | NavinF wrote:
               | Isn't false sharing (as in all your addresses hashing
               | onto the same cache lines) still an issue for power-of-
               | two sizes? You'd have to mess with padding to figure out
               | what's fastest for each chip regardless of core count.
        
               | whizzter wrote:
               | Depends, remember that the 5nm processors overall are
               | fairly new so we have no idea of yields. But if 1/5th of
               | the processors are flawless, 1/5th have one faulty GPU
               | and the rest have more errors (in either CPU or two or
               | more GPU failures) then having twice the amount of CPU's
               | available to sell (at a slightly lower pricepoint) might
               | make perfect sense.
        
             | isomorphic wrote:
             | I believe that Apple is effectively doing _some_ binning
             | with the M1: The intro MacBook Air has one less GPU core
             | than the higher-config version or the MacBook Pro.
             | 
             | It would make sense if those were identically-made M1s
             | where one GPU core didn't test well and thus had its fuses
             | blown. Between the CPU and GPU, the GPU cores are almost
             | certainly larger anyway; the GPU cores would therefore have
             | higher probability of defects.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | It should be possible to identify this from infrared
               | images of the cores in operation.
               | 
               | If you find different sets of cores in use, you can be
               | pretty sure it was binned...
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | Binning requires more design work for the chip. I would
             | guess the M1 was designed rapidly and probably they decided
             | that hundreds of different bins for different types of
             | defects wasn't worth the complexity if it meant delaying
             | tape out for a few weeks. It also leads to extra product
             | complexity (customers would be upset if some macbooks had
             | hardware AES and others didn't, leading to some software
             | being unusably slow seemingly at random).
        
               | pas wrote:
               | > I would guess the M1 was designed rapidly
               | 
               | How rapidly? And so how come it has such spectacular
               | performance? Or the shortcomings of the x86 arch were so,
               | so soooo obvious, but nobody had the resources to
               | reaaallly give a go to a modern arch?
               | 
               | Or maybe, simply the requirements were a lot more
               | exact/concrete and clear? (But the M1 performs well _in
               | general_ , no?)
        
         | solatic wrote:
         | > The only differentiator is screen size, RAM, and OS?
         | 
         | Apple is iPhone-izing (for lack of a better word) the rest of
         | their product lines. If for the last ten years, the market
         | hasn't really cared about the speed of the phone's processor
         | within the same generation, but rather about physical
         | differentiators (e.g. screen size, number of camera lenses,
         | adding facial recognition), and the non-professional market is
         | overwhelmingly characterized by light-usage applications, then
         | why, pray tell, should laptops and desktops be so different?
        
           | stepbeek wrote:
           | I think this is what BMW does with cars to a large extent
           | (maybe all car manufacturers do?) - an example:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_B58
           | 
           | They combine standard parts into a number of configurations
           | that aren't as different from each other as a consumer might
           | imagine, then slot those engines into a whole host of
           | different car models.
           | 
           | From a production stand-point, this makes sense to me. I
           | imagine that it makes high quality at a lower price much
           | easier to accomplish for Apple.
        
           | tarsinge wrote:
           | > the non-professional market is overwhelmingly characterized
           | by light-usage applications
           | 
           | I'm not sure social networks and most modern sites or apps
           | qualifies as light-usage nowadays. Browsing Reddit or
           | Facebook put my pro to its knees. The difference of CPU speed
           | in phones is clearly visible for consumers (but maybe you
           | don't notice it if you only use iPhones, because an SE from
           | 2015 is still fast, but try an Android phone from that
           | period).
        
             | bashinator wrote:
             | That's because new Reddit is laden with ads and JS and
             | crap. Try https://old.reddit.com
        
               | ascagnel_ wrote:
               | Or one of any third-party native iOS apps (Apollo[0] is
               | my preference) that are both faster and feel better than
               | the official app and mobile site.
               | 
               | [0] https://apolloapp.io
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | Corrado wrote:
         | > The only differentiator is screen size, RAM, and OS?
         | 
         | I think that's the point. Until now, buying a computer has
         | always been focused on the CPU and RAM stats. If you wanted
         | faster/bigger you had to spend more. With Apple's new strategy
         | you almost don't even care about CPU/RAM stats. They are
         | focusing on providing value in other ways; larger screen,
         | lighter weight, different colors, more ports, etc. I think this
         | is the biggest shift in computers in quite a while and makes it
         | much more akin to purchasing a phone or tablet than specing out
         | a computer.
        
           | ctdonath wrote:
           | Apple's goal is to eliminate technical specifications from
           | marketing: tech specs are an excuse - make it good enough
           | that few care what those specs are.
        
           | daniellarusso wrote:
           | In high school, I worked a retail job for an office supply
           | store, and one of the PC brands we would sell was Packard
           | Bell.
           | 
           | We sold many different models with similar specs, and the
           | main feature many of the potential buyers would be concerned
           | with:
           | 
           | Will it fit with my current office furniture?
           | 
           | We sold both desktops and tower configurations, and the type
           | of desk the computer would be used with was the determining
           | factor in which model to buy.
        
             | iSnow wrote:
             | And essentially, why not? If I want to work on a machine, I
             | want it to be fast. Not 1.33x of the baseline benchmark CPU
             | when equipped with X GB RAM. Just fast enough it doesn't
             | annoy me.
             | 
             | And with today's PCI-E-based SSD's, waiting for data to be
             | written to "disk" is a non-issue, so the system feels much
             | faster.
        
       | secondcoming wrote:
       | Is it possible to write C++/Rust on an iPad? If so I'll consider
       | buying one, as my iPad4 is struggling both wth charging and with
       | 'modern' websites and apps. Otherwise Apple's hardware is just
       | too expensive for me for what it is.
        
       | NicoJuicy wrote:
       | While everything wants to be faster. The Apple direction is
       | everything I don't need.
       | 
       | I have a desktop for 1000$, 64 gb DDR3, 512 gb ssd + 1tb hdd, AMD
       | 2600 ( 6 core) and a AMD 380 8gb and I could have gone overboard
       | with the latest CPU and GPU. But I didn't think i needed it ( and
       | after 7 months of usage I still think it was the right
       | decision)...
       | 
       | Either way, I don't think I ever was Apples target audience. And
       | something like an IPad is for consumption, not producing
       | anything.
       | 
       | Ps. Yes, i use it for some gaming and for VR too, but mostly dev.
        
       | DelightOne wrote:
       | > The most likely outcome here is a future M-class CPU with eight
       | to 32 "big" cores and a conventional DRAM interface, based on
       | either DDR4 or DDR5.
       | 
       | How much faster would M1 still be?
        
       | fggg444 wrote:
       | Can't they just stick a few dozen M1s in a box and call it a Mac
       | Pro to scale up that way?
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | No, the M1 lacks any (usable) way to connect to other M1s.
        
           | thitcanh wrote:
           | For now?
        
             | kingosticks wrote:
             | Yes and they need to go away and design a very different
             | chip. It's not trivial. x86 vendors already have chips like
             | this.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | malf wrote:
         | Did you just "imagine a beowulf cluster of those"?
        
           | danaris wrote:
           | Thanks, that takes me back ^_^
        
         | michael1999 wrote:
         | The return of NUMA!
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | The year of NUMA on the desktop.
        
       | fireattack wrote:
       | I was always taught ARM (and M1), being a RISC architecture,
       | isn't as "capable" as x86 in _some way_ , whatever it means.
       | 
       | I am no longer sure if that's still the case, since they seem to
       | work just as good, if not better (energy efficiency). Of course,
       | it's not exactly an apple to apple comparison since Apple
       | upgraded so many other things, but I just didn't see any mention
       | about the limitation of being RISC in these articles.
       | 
       | Could someone enlighten in this respect for an average Joe who
       | knows nothing about hardware?
        
         | lowbloodsugar wrote:
         | You have been listening to propaganda. ARM has always been
         | better. Consider the fact that it still exists, despite Intel's
         | predatory nature. It exists because Intel could not make a
         | processor for the low power market that was performant. They
         | tried. But anything they built either took too much power, or
         | used the right amount of power but was too slow. So ARM
         | survived in this niche. But it couldn't grow out of this niche
         | because Intel dominates ruthlessly.
         | 
         | But the low power market shows that, for a given power
         | consumption, the ARM is faster. Does that not apply everywhere?
         | Yes, it does. And so Apple, which controls its own destiny,
         | developed an ARM chip for laptops and desktops. Its faster and
         | cooler and cheaper than Intel chips, because ARM has always
         | been faster and cooler and cheaper than Intel chips.
         | 
         | AWS, which also controls its own destiny has launched
         | Graviton2. These are servers which are faster and cooler and
         | cheaper than Intel servers, and the savings and performance are
         | passed on to customers.
         | 
         | As long as Intel ruled by network effects - buy an Intel
         | because everyone has one - build an Intel because it has the
         | most software - their lack of value didn't matter.
         | 
         | There are now significant players who can ignore the network
         | effects. The results are so stunning that many people simply
         | refuse to believe the evidence.
        
         | nnadams wrote:
         | You are right that CISC processors (like x86) have more
         | capabilities, i.e. more instructions. You as the programmer get
         | to take advantage of the "extra" very specific instructions, so
         | overall you write less instructions.
         | 
         | Less instructions sounds great, but with CISC you do not know
         | how long those instructions will take to execute. RISC has only
         | a handful of instructions, that all take 1 clock cycle (with
         | pipelining). This makes the hardware simple and easy optimize.
         | The instructions you lose can just be implemented in software.
         | That space on chip can be used for more registers and cache,
         | for a huge speed up. Plus nowadays, shared libraries and
         | compilers do a lot of work for us behind the scenes as well.
         | Having tons of instructions on chip only is a benefit for a
         | narrow group of users today.
         | 
         | We've found that for hardware it's better to reduce clock
         | cycles per instruction, rather than reduce total number of
         | instructions.
        
           | enragedcacti wrote:
           | > RISC has only a handful of instructions, that all take 1
           | clock cycle (with pipelining).
           | 
           | This isn't really the case with modern ARM. Fundamentally
           | modern ARM and x86 CPUs are designed very similarly once you
           | get past the instruction decoder. Both 'compile' instructions
           | down to micro-ops that are then executed rather than
           | executing the instruction set directly so the distinctions
           | between the instruction sets themselves don't matter all that
           | much past that point.
           | 
           | The main advantages for ARM come from the decode stage and
           | from larger architectural differences such as relaxed memory
           | ordering requirements.
           | 
           | https://retrocomputing.stackexchange.com/questions/13480/did.
           | ..
        
             | fireattack wrote:
             | So ARM nowadays is just straightly better than x86?
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | For the most part I think so. The main advantages x86 has
               | are based on code size. Many common instructions are 1 or
               | 2 bytes so the executable size on x86 can often be
               | smaller (and more instructions can fit in the instruction
               | cache). I'm sure there are tons of other small
               | differences that weigh in but I'm not well versed enough
               | to know of them.
        
       | bitL wrote:
       | Would M1 scale up with 64GB or even 1.5TB of RAM? It's not
       | possible to have that much memory integrated; what would be the
       | performance difference in that case?
        
       | numpad0 wrote:
       | I was thinking that there'll be "M2" by now but a suspicion is
       | growing inside me that they might use a NUMA cluster
       | configuration with PCIe interconnect for upper tier models.
       | Doesn't it make sense?
        
         | grecy wrote:
         | I think it's very likely they will announce the "faster M1" at
         | WWDC this year. It will go into the 16 inch MacBook Pro and the
         | iMac Pro.
         | 
         | Hard to say if whatever they announce will go into the Mac Pro
         | - or if maybe they'll have yet another "faster" chip for that.
         | Time will tell.
        
         | floatboth wrote:
         | That would be a very AMD thing to do. Apple is likely to pump
         | endless amounts of cash into TSMC to make huge monolithic chips
         | so that there's no cross-core latency issues and that they can
         | still say they have a single "chip" in marketing materials.
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | I think Apple will keep selling x86 Macs forever. For heavy-duty
       | workstation workloads, M1 just doesn't cut it.
        
         | diebeforei485 wrote:
         | I will grant that the Mac Pro will be one of the last to
         | transition, but I don't think it will stay on x86 forever. It
         | may receive a spec bump at most.
        
         | tobyhinloopen wrote:
         | I believe Apple will release something groundbreaking again
         | when they scale up the number of cores in that M1.
         | 
         | 8 high performance 4 low performance cores? Yes please. Or
         | maybe we'll get 16-16
        
         | phire wrote:
         | I'm expecting apple to go the tiles or chiplet route for their
         | workstation processors. TSMC have been working on some advanced
         | packaging methods that are ideal for this usecase.
         | 
         | Apple could make one 16 core die and offer workstations with
         | anywhere between one and four tiles for 16 to 64 cores.
         | 
         | As for the high end laptops and iMacs, I'm expecting Apple to
         | launch a monolithic 8+4 chip.
         | 
         | That would be just 3 unique dies to cover Apples entire Mac
         | lineup.
        
         | rvz wrote:
         | > I think Apple will keep selling x86 Macs forever.
         | 
         | Apple immediately discontinued all Mac minis, almost all the
         | Macbook Air and Pro line ups and the iMac's running Intel. The
         | last form factor to transition is the Mac Pro.
         | 
         | > For heavy-duty workstation workloads, M1 just doesn't cut it.
         | 
         | Perhaps you are right on this one for now. The M1 doesn't cut
         | it for 'Apple's standards' for now but when the time comes for
         | the Mac Pro to transition, it won't use an M1 chip, but
         | probably an M2 / M3 chip.
         | 
         | Apple Silicon is the start of it all and M1 is only the
         | beginning and is certainly not the last. So its worth waiting
         | to see how the M1X, M2 or M3 Macs improve over M1.
        
         | danaris wrote:
         | ...And you think there'll never be an M2? Or M1X, or whatever
         | branding Apple decides to put on their 32/64/128/???-core
         | version that supports terabytes of RAM?
        
           | pfranz wrote:
           | I think the open question about the Mac Pro is the
           | expandability. The trash can Mac Pro didn't do well and they
           | went back with something with expansion slots. Is it worth it
           | to Apple to build out and support everything necessary on the
           | M1 platform for one low-margin line of computers? We'll find
           | out in the next year.
        
             | kalleboo wrote:
             | Even the 27" iMac has a 128 GB RAM SKU, so they're going to
             | need to build a chip supporting external RAM regardless.
             | External PCIe support already exists thanks to thunderbolt.
             | So the architecture will be there, it'll just be a question
             | of how expensive it is to scale up.
        
           | dvhh wrote:
           | 16GB should be enough for everyone
        
           | GoOnThenDoTell wrote:
           | Until they publicly show they can make such a thing, there
           | will be some scepticism
        
             | dev_tty01 wrote:
             | Why? Apple just demonstrated that they could do something
             | that had previously been considered unrealistic. They've
             | also been demonstrating massive annual performance gains
             | for many years. For people who have been watching closely,
             | they should have some credibility by now.
        
             | random5634 wrote:
             | You realize Apple is designing against more advanced nodes
             | than intel - and from where I stand intel has nothing
             | competitive in small form factors
        
           | tediousdemise wrote:
           | Gigacore
        
         | dev_tty01 wrote:
         | Hmm. Sure, M1 isn't suited for heavy workstation loads. They
         | didn't target that sector yet. What's your point?
         | 
         | This is not the last processor they will do. Have you been
         | watching the massive year over year performance gains Apple has
         | been making for several years? There will be an M2 and an M3,
         | and ....
         | 
         | Given the performance AND energy beating they are putting on
         | the market sector that they targeted with M1, why is there any
         | reason to believe they won't kill the high-end workstation
         | sector when they target that?
        
         | jamesmcintyre wrote:
         | Why should Apple care if a small portion of its product lineup
         | will still rely on Intel/AMD? Why shouldn't they put pressure
         | on these chipmakers to defend their position. They have both
         | the vertical integration and scale to push entire industries to
         | innovate. If this serves to "wake up" Intel we all benefit
         | (including Intel). Look into xscale and its relationship to the
         | original iPhone circa 2006-2007, that didn't wale up Intel and
         | arguably they lost out on billions and weakened their future
         | outlook.
        
           | plywoodtrees wrote:
           | Because of the cost of continuing to maintain software for
           | that small fraction of the user base. Not only the core OS
           | but the toolchain, and all their first party apps. And the
           | difficulty of incentivizing and enabling third party
           | developers to continue to support x86.
        
         | cultofmetatron wrote:
         | The m1 is built specifically to sip power and run cool. You
         | don't think apple could come up with an arm processor that can
         | keep up or exceed desktop x86 when those constraints are
         | removed?
        
           | artiscode wrote:
           | I'm not an expert, but isn't power efficiency the selling
           | point of ARM? As in it runs efficiently, but there are
           | diminishing returns to running it faster?
        
             | cultofmetatron wrote:
             | the power efficiency is a consequence of simpler circuitry.
             | modern x86 chips devotes a fairly large amount of logic to
             | translating the exposed cisc interface to an internal
             | microcode that more resembles a risc system anyway. A risc
             | chip doesn't need that.
        
         | NovaLuddite wrote:
         | I heard similar arguments in regards to initial performance
         | with the transition from 68K to PPC and then again with PPC to
         | Intel. The transition will probably be far quicker than you
         | anticipate.
        
         | thesandlord wrote:
         | They already said they would be 100% off x86 in two years:
         | https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/06/apple-announces-mac-t...
         | 
         | We are still only 6 months into that transition.
        
           | lstamour wrote:
           | The page you're citing contradicts that statement -- they
           | will not be 100% off x86, but instead will offer 100% of
           | their products with the option of buying an Apple ARM chip:
           | 
           | > This transition will also establish a common architecture
           | across all Apple products, making it far easier for
           | developers to write and optimize their apps for the entire
           | ecosystem.
           | 
           | > Apple plans to ship the first Mac with Apple silicon by the
           | end of the year and complete the transition in about two
           | years. Apple will continue to support and release new
           | versions of macOS for Intel-based Macs for years to come, and
           | has exciting new Intel-based Macs in development.
           | 
           | I would expect Intel-based Mac Pros to continue for as long
           | as there's a market for them. Probably at least 2-4 years
           | after the "transition" finishes. (The last spec bump in 1-2
           | years, and sales end 3-4 years from now...)
           | 
           | It's also worth pointing out that Apple supports its products
           | roughly 7 years from when they're sold, which means Apple
           | will likely continue supporting Intel-based MacOS for at
           | least another decade, possibly as much as 13-15 years. That
           | said, I wouldn't buy an Intel Mac after 2024 and expect the
           | same experience even if Apple supports it until 2031 or
           | later: In just a few years, I'd expect Apple would have
           | created even more MacOS features uniquely suited to the ARM
           | chips they're now making.
        
             | thesandlord wrote:
             | I'm sure they will support x86 for years, but I have a
             | feeling they will stop selling _new_ products with x86
             | rather quickly.
             | 
             | If you look at the PPC to x86 transition [0] it happened
             | faster than predicted, and OS support only lasted 3 years
             | after it was done.
             | 
             | IMO Microsoft is the company that heavily prioritizes
             | backwards compatibility, while Apple is happy to drop
             | support where necessary to move forward.
             | 
             | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_transition_to_Intel_p
             | roces...
        
               | lstamour wrote:
               | You're using the transition that everyone wanted to point
               | a rosy picture. Everyone wanted Intel chips and Wintel
               | compatibility. PPC was too slow, too hot.
               | 
               | Fact is, until they can get nVidia GTX compatibility or
               | quality, there will be a significant market of 3D and
               | gaming that does not want to switch.
               | 
               | And I say this as someone who very much likes my new M1
               | Macbook and wants to convince the rest of the family and
               | friends to never again buy an x86-based laptop computer.
               | 
               | If Apple can add 3D and gaming chips equivalent to the
               | GTX 3000 series with software support, all within 2
               | years? Amazing and that speeds up their switchover -- but
               | Adobe, for one, has still not yet updated Adobe After
               | Effects and likely won't for at least a year, even though
               | they announced they would. I'll remind folks that Adobe
               | said they would consider adding Metal support to After
               | Effects almost five years ago and still hasn't. Other
               | apps are in a similar state.
               | 
               | I don't doubt that Apple would like the transition to be
               | quick as well as seamless, and I think most portable
               | products will transition very quickly. But unless Apple
               | wants to leave the Pro market they just entered by making
               | things too unstable for Pros, they will tread carefully
               | on eliminating sales and support for Intel. Especially
               | because even now they are selling 16" MacBook Pros that
               | run Intel, and Intel Mac Pros, and 27" iMacs (formerly
               | Pros) and all three of these platforms should ideally be
               | supported for five years, minimum, ideally six given we
               | could count the last year as the "seventh" year of
               | support.
        
               | anthk wrote:
               | Yes, but in the PPC era Apple published amazing quality
               | products several times superior to W98SE, W2000 and even
               | XP.
               | 
               | Now, until the M1, Intel Macs where pretty much mediocre,
               | even against a (fully configured OFC) KDE [3-5] BSD/Linux
               | setup. Even with their iThingie ecosystem integration.
        
         | agogdog wrote:
         | It seems odd to think that their first attempt at this, which
         | largely consists of small consumer-level devices with little to
         | no active cooling, is the best they're going to do.
         | 
         | Not to mention that they've already been dominating mobile SOC
         | performance for half a decade as well.
         | 
         | There's no indication that they couldn't take on the pro
         | market. They've clearly got the talent in place. It's likely
         | that the market size is a bigger factor than capability.
        
       | sgt101 wrote:
       | The really smart move is launching the low power consumer version
       | first. This positions the eco-system for the native code where
       | Apple wants it - on apps that run on the mass market devices. The
       | higher power apps can come later and exploit 8 firestorm cores
       | and up.
        
       | domano wrote:
       | People underestimate AMD and mix it in together with the current
       | Intel chips when talking about the M1. Ryzen is not far behind M1
       | in single thread performance and beats it in multi core. If Intel
       | had not made all kinds of deals with laptop makers for
       | exclusivity then the narrative would be totally different in my
       | opinion.
        
       | rektide wrote:
       | Ryzen 7401p still represents the pinnacle-for-it's-time value
       | offering to me. 24 cores, single socket, on a 14nm process,
       | launched July 2017 for $1075. Just an amazing breakthrough
       | processor. At the time there were supposed to be X300 and A300
       | chipsets coming, basically just boot bios, to make ultra-low cost
       | motherboards possible. There have been improvements since then to
       | architecture & IPC, but overall it feels like we've been headed
       | in reverse since then in terms of chips that get put into
       | medium/large-ish sized chassis.
       | 
       | It has been remarkable what a mockery Mac has made of mobile
       | chips, and now of desktop chips. At a way more reasonable price
       | point.
       | 
       | > but the company's decision to eschew clock speed disclosures
       | suggests that these CPUs differ only modestly.
       | 
       | I forget exactly when but the first Google IO that happened where
       | Google started offering simply "Intel Core i5" or i7, without
       | saying the model number (2017?), without revealing speeds, & it
       | was a huge huge jumping the shark moment for me. A post
       | competitive market, where speeds were good enough, where
       | reputation & market presence domineered over metrics & comparable
       | factors. I don't think chasing specific GHz & cache size numbers
       | &c is super rewarding or important, but it felt like the first
       | time we were being sold an unspecific system, where obvious
       | inquiry into what we were buying was blocked.
       | 
       | This is somewhat the opposite of this article: that Apple has
       | found a good enough CPU to sell everywhere. But I still think the
       | real truth is that the providers, those building systems, have
       | begun to refuse to compete. They refuse to detail what they are
       | offering. AMD has been without competition and the new 24c chip
       | is considerably more expensive, albeit for yes more IPC, but it
       | still hurts me a little. Looking at Google no longer allowing us
       | to have any idea what kind of Core i5 or whatever chip though,
       | they beat this article to the punch almost half a decade ago.
       | Consumers haven't been given respect, haven't been allowed to
       | know what wattage, what caches, what Hz their chips use for a
       | long time now. Google started that, Google pushed the post-
       | knowable computing upon us. Apple is merely following up on this,
       | merely delivering what Google started, at a far better price
       | point, with far better underlying technology.
        
         | crooked-v wrote:
         | > but the company's decision to eschew clock speed disclosures
         | 
         | There's one other major factor here: clock speed isn't all that
         | useful for this new architecture full of custom-purpose cores,
         | asymmetric cores, a new arrangement of connections between
         | cores, etc. Actual benchmarks may be useful, but not so much a
         | clock speed measurement (and which of those various asymmetric
         | cores are you measuring against?).
        
           | rektide wrote:
           | I agree! There's a lot more to it than MHz! At the time, we
           | also didn't have any other figures, like cache size, any
           | power consumption/TDP figures, memory speed/bandwidth, any
           | base or turbo clocks.
           | 
           | I felt like it was probably one of the first possible custom
           | cores I'd seen, something specifically built for Chromebooks
           | or Pixel or whatever the product was. That probably this part
           | was not listed on Intel ark. But it was super distressing
           | none-the-less: I had been denied any understanding what-so-
           | ever of what kind of core was going to be within. There's
           | more than MHz, yes, but also not knowing process (nm), not
           | knowing wattage, not knowing caches... Google was asking me
           | for something unprecedented: to spent ~$1000 on a system for
           | which I had no understanding at all of expected performance.
           | 
           | It felt like a dark dark dark dark day. After decades of in
           | depth analysis & review of every cache change, every TLB
           | tweak, after endless in depth review of cores, we'd entered a
           | bold new era. Where none of of what you really were buying
           | was regarded as consumer-pertinent.
           | 
           | There's some "bright" spots but they are somewhat obfuscated.
           | Lenovo's M75q gen2 with AMD 4750GE was an amazing package,
           | regularly on sale for a very reasonable price with amazing
           | performance[1]. But alas, it's rare that the genuine
           | performance is known, is what is for sale. We have become a
           | post-consumer market. The invisible hand operates at a post-
           | consumer level, selling us on other, more illusory factors
           | than capability. Truth vanishes. And yes, as this article
           | says, many people just don't need to play the game in the
           | first place, but still, the becoming invisible, the vanishing
           | of actual competition is most dismaying.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.servethehome.com/lenovo-
           | thinkcentre-m75q-gen2-ti...
        
       | kumarvvr wrote:
       | Perhaps Apple has more processors in the pipeline (this almost
       | certain, as we have seen with its mobile processors).
       | 
       | It may be very difficult to sell products with the same processor
       | but different hardware forms, because the market is tuned to
       | comparing processors.
       | 
       | I am not saying whether its right or wrong, just that there is a
       | whole mindshare of the market (marketing, advertising, news
       | articles, blogs and videos) that start comparison of two
       | different with their core processors.
        
       | trilinearnz wrote:
       | Learning a bit about this in my MBA classes. Cost + Margin =
       | Selling Price. Apple have the capacity to be more of a cost
       | leader now, since they are not subject to the same bargaining
       | power forces of CPU suppliers. As a result, they have the
       | potential to push their costs down (if not now, then in the
       | future once production scales) and increase their margins. A good
       | time to invest, perhaps?
        
         | clairity wrote:
         | > "Cost + Margin = Selling Price."
         | 
         | that's cost-plus pricing, and should be viewed as a relatively
         | naive model that is no longer typically used for pricing.
         | sophisticated pricing decisions are based on price elasticities
         | to find the profit-maximizing price. apple is a notable example
         | of a company that exhibits this type of pricing decision-
         | making.
        
       | robocat wrote:
       | Perhaps one reason for using a single model of chip for
       | everything is because the design costs for a 5nm SoC are
       | estimated to be ~$500 million.
       | 
       | For comparison, revenue for Apple Mac computers in 2020 was ~$30
       | Billion. https://www.statista.com/statistics/263428/apples-
       | revenue-fr...
        
         | dannyw wrote:
         | It's not linear. Doing a M1 variant with say 6+6 wouldn't cost
         | another 500 mil.
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | Sure. But does Apple's CPU engineering team have the capacity
           | to work on variants?
           | 
           | Perhaps they instead prioritise working on a faster M2, and
           | M1 becomes the low end CPU, similar to what they have done
           | with the A series processors?
        
       | temptemptemp111 wrote:
       | The real mockery is that everyone has a black box in their
       | computers that can read all of their passwords & keys... And then
       | when you argue to open up the firmware & code all the customers
       | exhibit Stockholm syndrome and say, "but that wouldn't be good
       | for the company!" Yes it would... It wouldn't be good for their
       | intelligence agency funding, though...
        
       | adrian_mrd wrote:
       | What's also lacking from a marketing perspective is the "Intel
       | Inside" campaign - which was incredibly successful for the Wintel
       | monopoly in the 1990s and early 2000s.
       | 
       | Seeing the sticker or hearing this slogan used to imply a premium
       | or cachet to the product/hardware to the average Joe or Joanne.
       | 
       | No longer, Intel's brand recognition has really taken a hit in
       | the past decade.
        
       | morpheuskafka wrote:
       | > Second, Intel and AMD both benefit from a decades-old narrative
       | that places the CPU at the center of the consumer's device
       | experience and enjoyment and have designed and priced their
       | products accordingly, even if that argument is somewhat less true
       | today than it was in earlier eras.
       | 
       | I would have argued that memory was far more important than CPU
       | in quickly judging the performance of a machine, once the 7th
       | generation Intels made dual-core obsolete. But the M1 seems to
       | buck this trend a bit as well, given that it only has an 8GB and
       | 16GB variant and its new unified memory model makes traditional
       | estimates of how much memory is needed less important. Some
       | workloads such as an in-memory database won't change, but the
       | memory usage for GUI rendering, graphics, etc. can take advantage
       | of much faster accesses. And, with SSDs which are now considered
       | a must-have for any serious machine, paging to disk is far less
       | expensive than before in any case.
       | 
       | On another note, the M1 iPad Pro is the first time Apple has ever
       | officially confirmed or marketed, let alone offered a choice in,
       | the RAM for an iOS/iPadOS device.
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | I remain interested in seeing how much of Apple's lead is the
       | process size, and how much is engineering prowess.
       | 
       | That is, would a more generic new ARM Neoverse on 5nm perform at
       | roughly the same clip? I suppose AWS's Graviton 3 would be the
       | first place to see that, or something close to it.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | I'm not sure why you're comparing a server core to a
         | mobile/desktop one. There are two X1-based SoCs on "5 nm"
         | (Samsung not TSMC) and they're not very close to A14, let alone
         | M1. https://www.anandtech.com/show/16463/snapdragon-888-vs-
         | exyno...
        
         | titzer wrote:
         | The CPU microarchitecture is truly a quantum leap ahead of x86
         | processors. The fixed-width nature of arm instructions means
         | there's way more front-end bandwidth for decode, which can then
         | feed a much larger out-of-order engine. Having memory so close
         | is also a huge win. TBH, I don't know what wizardry they have
         | managed to get power consumption so low, but wow. 15W TDP and
         | trouncing desktop processors pulling 12x that power!
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | _micro_ architecturally is M1 really a leap?
           | 
           | In terms of decoding bandwidth I'm not sure how many
           | instructions it can actually sustain but it's not like it's
           | 10x - M1 is a basically a very wide version of a tried and
           | tested formula rather than a wholely new thing.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Wait till you see AMD put 8 cores in 15W.
        
             | akmarinov wrote:
             | That's the thing, while we're waiting on AMD, Apple is
             | already half way through an M2/3
        
               | ben-schaaf wrote:
               | The 4800U came out in March 2020 with 8 cores, 16
               | threads.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | cecja wrote:
               | Yeah, if they had something on their hand they wouldn't
               | put the same chip in everything.
        
           | yxhuvud wrote:
           | That is the talk yes, but we don't know how much of the
           | actual performance improvements is simply due to the lower
           | process size. And process size is independent of if it is ARM
           | or x86, but instead depends on manufacturers getting
           | production slots in the chip foundries. Currently Apple is
           | hogging up all the production capabilities of the smallest
           | process that TSMC have.
        
         | akmarinov wrote:
         | Apple can afford to exclude some hardware that other
         | manufacturers need to support legacy OSs and apps, leaving more
         | space on their SoC for more CPUs and specialized hardware.
         | 
         | Want to ditch OpenGL? No problem for Apple.
        
           | dagmx wrote:
           | I'm not sure what OpenGL has to do with here?
           | 
           | Generally no hardware today is designed for OpenGL. They all
           | translate it into their own instruction set. The M1 is no
           | different as it supports OpenGL as well.
        
       | buildbuildbuild wrote:
       | Disrupt the hosting market, Apple. We're ready for your EC2.
       | 
       | Achieving a quantum power/performance leap without swinging for
       | server market share is an massive wasted opportunity.
       | 
       | But Apple is Apple. I'll keep dreaming. Oh look, an AWS invoice.
        
         | Tsiklon wrote:
         | Apple's focus tends to be on consumer products, I don't see
         | them swinging for the fences and presenting an AWS like cloud
         | offering at least under their own name.
         | 
         | Personally I'd like them to offer alternative versions of their
         | CPU to cloud providers, I imagine that the current core
         | configurations are not ideal for the sorts of workloads the big
         | cloud providers need from a single processor.
         | 
         | But this will require serious heavy lifting and would likely
         | require official linux support for Apple's hardware
         | (undoubtedly they have internal systems running bare metal
         | linux on Apple silicon), however I don't see Apple wanting to
         | do this in the open and in public.
        
         | thitcanh wrote:
         | What's the advantage? I don't think it's likely to cost less as
         | a service, especially directly from Apple. If you get the same
         | performance per dollar you might as well keep using what you
         | have.
         | 
         | Heat and energy savings only apply to the direct user (in this
         | case Apple Hosting) and unlikely to be passed onto you (since
         | it's Apple).
         | 
         | We've already seen this with M1 computers which are simpler and
         | less expensive but did not have a lower retail price.
        
           | buildbuildbuild wrote:
           | They would use their scale and engineering muscle to
           | differentiate. Free outgoing bandwidth to iCloud users. The
           | most eco friendly cloud. "Lambda at edge" which can compute
           | on charging iOS devices nearby, those users earn a little
           | Apple Cash. "Launch in iCloud" thin client support for
           | resource intensive applications, using a proprietary low
           | latency VNC alternative (like Parsec). I want to see them get
           | creative.
        
         | thenickdude wrote:
         | AWS is bringing ARM to the cloud in the form of their new
         | Graviton instances, so in a way we already have this.
         | 
         | https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/graviton/
        
           | lowbloodsugar wrote:
           | "has already brought"
        
         | dane wrote:
         | Completely agree. I can't see them reviving the Xserve brand
         | with their own silicon, but I could see them introducing cloud
         | hosting services. Ideally with differentiation in something
         | like environmental credentials (reduced, renewable power, etc.)
         | to try and gain market share whilst maintaining margin.
        
           | andrewjl wrote:
           | They already have, though the marketing is subtle. [1][2]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.apple.com/icloud/
           | 
           | [2] https://developer.apple.com/icloud/cloudkit/
        
             | klohto wrote:
             | We are talking AWS competitors, not Google Drive
             | alternative.
        
       | adhambadr wrote:
       | Economics of scale. my bet is Apple will develop a cluster of M1s
       | and call them M-power-2 to address the 1.5TB RAM workstation
       | market you mentioned. It will be practically an array of M1s (or
       | next gen) together. The way the M1 is used from iPad to iMacs is
       | genius in terms of cost reduction at scale and for an end
       | consumer, who doesnt care who else uses their chip, I get a good
       | $/cpu power bargain. Tim Apple being the supply-chain guy he is,
       | I see him doubling down and scrambling engineers to user more M1s
       | in array to build a stronger core. Maybe an M1-based server rack
       | for AWS?
        
       | rvanlaar wrote:
       | What I find lacking in the article is an apt comparison with
       | AMD's Ryzen chips.
       | 
       | Those are all the same chiplets, just binned differently. High
       | performance ones go into the 5800x and 5950x. Lower performance
       | ones into the 5600x and 5900x.
       | 
       | Which seems to be the same thing apple does, with a slight naming
       | difference. Calling everything M1, instead of naming the CPUs.
        
       | anthk wrote:
       | And here I am with an AMD Turion2 and 2GB of RAM.
        
       | pdimitar wrote:
       | I really do wonder what would Apple create in order to be able to
       | offer ARM workstations.
       | 
       | Maybe chiplet / modular design like AMD? Only this time one of
       | the chiplets is going to be a full M1/M2/M3 ARM CPU + some RAM
       | and everything else usually included, and the other chiplets
       | would be extra RAM or dedicated GPUs?
       | 
       | I am looking forward to their first ARM workstation offering.
        
       | inasio wrote:
       | Assuming the M1 performance extrapolates to desktop power/cooling
       | it's going to be a monster chip. If that is the case I think
       | apple will not stop at having the fastest
       | watch/phone/tablet/laptop/PC. Why not go after the datacenter and
       | leave money (a ton of money) on the table?
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | > Why not go after the datacenter
         | 
         | For certain applications, the migration will be challenging.
         | It's also a slowly dying market. Amazon has an ARM instance,
         | already. I'm sure they're already tearing the M1 apart to see
         | what they can use. It's also no Apple's core competency;
         | enterprise sales is a different beast.
         | 
         | Edit: I wasn't quite clear: it's dying because businesses are
         | migrating to the cloud, and cloud providers are already working
         | on/support ARM CPUs. Google _might_ be willing to buy M1 chips.
         | Not servers or boards because everything is probably custom by
         | now, just the chips.
        
           | titzer wrote:
           | In what way is the datacenter market dying? Are Googles and
           | Facebooks and Cloudfares and Microsofts and Amazons suddenly
           | decommissioning huge racks of computers while their cloud
           | businesses take off? What _is_ that cloud made of?
        
             | snotrockets wrote:
             | Those all owns their datacenters (and some can afford to
             | design their own CPUs for those). Renting racks isn't dying
             | yet, but it is on a downward trajectory.
        
             | pmontra wrote:
             | Maybe because every tier 1 cloud provider is starting to
             | design its own CPU. If this is the trend there will be
             | little left to sell them.
        
               | titzer wrote:
               | Can you name a cloud provider that has recently launched
               | their own CPU?
        
               | dehrmann wrote:
               | Graviton's been out for a while.
               | 
               | https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-is-designing-its-
               | own...
               | 
               | I haven't seen anything on this from GCP, but Google
               | builds so much in-house, I'm sure they've at least
               | considered it.
        
               | lowbloodsugar wrote:
               | AWS is on its _second_ in-house ARM chip. You can launch
               | an M6g /R6g/C6g right now. If you have workloads on the
               | cloud, you should be benchmarking already, as they will
               | likely be cheaper for any given workload.
        
         | em500 wrote:
         | How you intend to extrapolate that? A seemingly much larger
         | thermal/cooling headroom usually does not gain you that much in
         | absolute performance. Consider the mobile/desktop Zen3 Ryzen
         | geekbench (S)ingle/(M)ulti scores:
         | 
         | - 5800U, mobile (10-25W), 1400(S), 7000(M)
         | 
         | - 5800, desktop (65W), 1600(S), 9000(M)
         | 
         | - 5800X, desktop (105W), 1700(S), 11000(M)
         | 
         | and
         | 
         | - M1, mobile (10W), 1700(S), 7000(M)
         | 
         | Everyone's going gaga over the fact that the passively cooled
         | M1 can trade blows with big desktop towers. But mobile Zen3 is
         | not that far behind those towers either, so I think much more
         | thermal headroom buys you less than people assume.
        
         | DoomHotel wrote:
         | One of the big reasons the M1 is so fast is its RAM is on-die.
         | Latency and throughput to memory are dramatically better and
         | you don't have to drive those long traces, saving power as
         | well. Servers need to scale to memory sizes in the terabyte
         | range. Apple will need a new design that uses conventional
         | memory before they can go after the big workstation market, let
         | alone server.
        
           | floatboth wrote:
           | It's not on die arghhhh why does this misinformation keep
           | happening. It's on _package_. It 's two separate LPDDR4X
           | chips. Latency is not _dramatically_ better. Other current
           | LPDDR4X laptops run the same clock speeds off package. Maybe
           | Apple has more aggressive timings than them, but the
           | difference would be tiny.
        
             | mhh__ wrote:
             | Reality distortion field.
        
       | klelatti wrote:
       | One thing which I don't think has been commented on is the
       | marketing effort behind the M1.
       | 
       | It's getting a lot of prominence and its use across lots of
       | computers means that there can be a consistent message that "M1
       | is great - get a new Mac and get an M1".
       | 
       | It also provides an opportunity to distinguish between M1 and the
       | next generation M2 (presumably).
       | 
       | I've always thought Intel's marketing was a bit confused - i7
       | stays the same over 10+ years with only the obscure (to the
       | general public) suffix changing from generation to generation.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | Remember when Intel was 8086, 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium,
         | Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, then ... insanity.
        
           | smitty1110 wrote:
           | The insanity started with the Pentium 4, specifically the HT
           | versions. HT made the CPU slower, it was quite the anti-
           | feature.
        
         | jsight wrote:
         | That's a good point. I think this will finally be the thing
         | that makes Intel move away from that marketing approach too.
         | Its outlived its usefulness.
        
         | noir_lord wrote:
         | It could be clearer but I suspect they do it on purpose for a
         | purpose I've never understood.
         | 
         | I've always thought that a system like
         | i7-4-8-10-M (4 cores, 8 threads, 10th gen - Mobile)
         | i5-8-8-11-H (8 cores, 8 threads, 11th gen - High perf/Desktop)
         | 
         | There has to be a reason they haven't just been explicit with
         | it.
         | 
         | When I shop for a cpu I care about a handful of things,
         | manufacturer, cores, threads, generation, model
        
           | klelatti wrote:
           | Just remembered a bit of history: the first (4 bit) Intel
           | microprocessor would have been called the 1202 according to
           | Intel's chip naming convention at that time until Federico
           | Faggin pushed to get it changed to the 4004.
           | 
           | The 4004 was a hit and the rest is history!
        
           | apexalpha wrote:
           | I like to read news and keep up to date on silicon
           | development but when it comes down to buying a laptop with an
           | Intel CPU I really can't tell how good it is from the name.
           | 
           | I usually end up putting it into cpubenchmark to get any sort
           | of comparable numbers.
           | 
           | Nowadays a chip from 2014 and 2019 can both be named i5, and
           | the 2014 can have higher clockspeed while being half as
           | slow... You just can't tell, and maybe that's the goal.
        
             | Macha wrote:
             | Just be aware those kind of sites aren't always impartial,
             | particularly in how they weight actual metrics to come to
             | the composite single score, e.g. userbenchmark:
             | https://ownsnap.com/userbenchmark-is-not-trusted-by-tech-
             | ent...
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | Keep in mind this is all fallout from the 90s/really 00's
             | where "clockspeed was king" which AMD worked hard to
             | disabuse the market of.
             | 
             | We've never really recovered from that.
        
               | dmos62 wrote:
               | Can you elaborate? I do remember clockspeed being the
               | main thing you looked at and then being surprised that
               | changed, but didn't really have any insight.
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | Pipelining was really kicking off in a big way and
               | suddenly IPC made as big a difference at a time amd led
               | in that regard as clock speed so amd started numbering
               | their cpu models with a number that was based on the MHz
               | they'd expect an Intel CPU to need to reach to match it.
               | 
               | Of course intel also released new CPUs and AMD didn't
               | want their newer CPUs to have lower numbers than their
               | old one, so that number eventually got inflated.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Parent is probably referring to ~2000 to ~2010.
               | 
               | Generally speaking, AMD had some more advanced
               | microarchitecture features than Intel, leading to better
               | per-clock performance.
               | 
               | Intel marketing struck back by emphasizing GHz, GHz, GHz.
               | At least until Pentium 4 scaling hit a brick wall.
               | 
               | Then, a chip was sold as a "Pentium 4" "2.8 GHz" (or a
               | "Pentium II" "300 MHz"). No other codes.
               | 
               | By the end of that range, the multicore era had started,
               | and both Intel and AMD had moved to new systems of
               | processor labelling.
        
           | petra wrote:
           | If it's complicated for most customers to choose a
           | processor/pc, than often sales people help them choose.
           | That's good for those sales people and good for Intel.
           | 
           | And it's not that like Intel is really competing with
           | anybody.
        
         | Anther wrote:
         | I ran a gadget shop for years. The amount of times people would
         | say 'What I have must be better because it has an i7 and that
         | is an i5'. Then I'd have to explain that their i7 is ten years
         | old and that they aren't even in the same realm. Confusing
         | marketing indeed.
        
         | the_duke wrote:
         | Yeah the marketing effort is immense, and it's really
         | surprising to me how many eagerly lap up the angle Apple is
         | pushing without much reflection, even on HN. Like the good old
         | Apple hype days.
         | 
         | Now to be fair, the M1 is an impressive iteration on the A*
         | chip line.
         | 
         | But the Ryzen 5000 mobile chips really don't look bad at all in
         | comparison, and a 5nm version of those would level the field.
        
           | webmobdev wrote:
           | Let's look beyond the hype:
           | 
           | - With M1, Apple has finally closed the loop and created a
           | fully closed system that it has control over vs an x86-64
           | platform that is more open and gives us users more choice and
           | control.
           | 
           | - All new devices with M1 SoC score very poorly on
           | repairability and upgradebility vs the x86-64 platform that
           | still allows you to repair / upgrade RAM, memory, CPU's and
           | other parts in an affordable manner.
           | 
           | - And because of the above two, all M1 devices with low ram
           | and storage, have planned obsolescence of 3-5 years built-in,
           | along with a kill switch to totally disable the device.
           | 
           | Apple has a found a great fit for their business model with
           | the ARM SoCs. Even when (not if, when) AMD and Intel bring
           | out better processors, Apple will stick with their ARM SoCs
           | because todays computing power has far outpaced the demand
           | made by the common softwares used by all. And Apple can cater
           | to the common denominators with their own OS + CPU + 8GB +
           | 256 GB NvME quite well for maybe another decade.
           | 
           | I am happy there is some good tech development and
           | competition in computer systems. But my Intel Mac Mini will
           | be the last mac I will buy from Apple. macOS Mojave still
           | runs fine on it. Otherwise there's always Windows, Linux and
           | FreeBSD. That's the real advantage of the x86-64 platform
           | that people like me will never sacrifice for closed systems
           | like the M1 devices.
        
             | woah wrote:
             | Do you want to buy my 2020 Intel MacBook Pro?
        
             | katbyte wrote:
             | > kill switch
             | 
             | can you elaborate?
        
               | stjohnswarts wrote:
               | I mean technically there's the T chip which could switch
               | off everything. Parent poster seems to be posting
               | conspiracy theories that apple will maliciously kill
               | machines in 3-5 years at their whim. I would guess that
               | would not go over with the government or customers and be
               | the end of Apple PC type products though, so it's not
               | going to happen
        
               | webmobdev wrote:
               | > Parent poster seems to be posting conspiracy theories
               | that apple will maliciously kill machines in 3-5 years at
               | their whim.
               | 
               | I didn't insinuate anything like that. I was just
               | pointing out that it exists.
        
               | webmobdev wrote:
               | In all its iDevices, and mac with T2 security chip (so
               | all the M1 devices now), Apple offers an anti-theft
               | feature called the "Activation Lock" -
               | https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201365 - once
               | activated, you can use it to erase all data on your
               | iDevice remotely and ensure that nobody can use it
               | without knowing your Apple ID and password. It's a useful
               | feature.
               | 
               | But if a government (or Apple) wants, this can be abused
               | - for example, tomorrow if your country goes to war to
               | the US, the US government could ask Apple to disable all
               | Apple devices in that country, and Apple could do it,
               | whether you like it or not.
               | 
               | (The conspiracy theory part that others are hinting at is
               | that many believe that this can be easily extended to
               | totally cripple the device and make it unusable.)
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | > the x86-64 platform that still allows you to repair /
             | upgrade RAM, memory, CPU's
             | 
             | Have you opened many x86 devices of a similar form factor
             | to the current M1 devices? I haven't seen a socketed CPU in
             | a laptop in over a decade, and the vast majority of
             | ultrabooks and thin-and-lights have soldered RAM now too.
             | The latest trend has been to start soldering SSDs as well.
        
               | webmobdev wrote:
               | True, other manufacturers have been trying to ape Apple
               | and solder RAM and other parts on the x86-64 platform
               | too. Thankfully it hasn't yet fully spread to the desktop
               | platforms - I can still build my own PC. I pin my hope on
               | government regulations and right to repair to stem this -
               | EU has already emphasised that they are serious about
               | their "right to repair" legislation. I also like the
               | attempt being made by indie engineers to create more
               | repairable phones and laptops.
        
           | baybal2 wrote:
           | > But the Ryzen 5000 mobile chips really don't look bad at
           | all in comparison, and a 5nm version of those would level the
           | field.
           | 
           | Not look too bad best to say.
           | 
           | Even if we add a one node advantage, we still have a ~15 watt
           | chip making 20W-30W chips sweat.
           | 
           | If you downclock Zen 3 to match 15W TDP, you may well get M1
           | beating it by double digit margin.
           | 
           | M1 is simply a way more efficient chip than any X86 chip can
           | be because of 40 years of architectural advantage.
           | 
           | - latest x86 chips have patently gigantic decoders
           | metastasising into backend. They are very tightly coupled to
           | pretty much every other piece of logic.
           | 
           | - x86 memory model, and blockage behaviour costing huge
           | transistor count to work around
           | 
           | - better SMP efficiency because of laxer memory model, and
           | SMP logic being deeper integrated into cores, rather than
           | being an afterthought
           | 
           | - generally better register utilisation, at lower transistor
           | count, and the upstream software ecosystem historically
           | having better understanding how to work with large register
           | count
           | 
           | - X86 cores prefetch from both main memory, and in between
           | caches is more expensive, and less efficient because it has
           | to rely on more complex logic, and do more guesswork than in
           | ARM.
           | 
           | The list can go on for a few more screens.
           | 
           | Remember. Even if M1 is a SoC, it still manages to beat Ryzen
           | which barely have much besides cores, memory controller,
           | PCIE, and USB. If you give a 1 node handycap to Ryzen, and
           | only compare cores, you will still get M1 having almost 3 to
           | 4 times advantage at performance per square mm.
           | 
           | It's really sad to see X86 development digging itself into a
           | ditch with "40 years binary compatibility at any cost."
           | 
           | With all regards to Su Lisa, I believe they very much
           | understand all that, but nevertheless still signed under the
           | idea that X86 market will never go anywhere.
           | 
           | I believe it's trivial for both AMD, and Intel to easily
           | slash X86 transistor counts, while increasing the performance
           | by double digits if they can go in err of the X86 ISA
           | convention on just the few most egregious anachronisms.
        
             | userbinator wrote:
             | _latest x86 chips have patently gigantic decoders
             | metastasising into backend._
             | 
             | It's still a tiny percentage of the area. The caches are
             | the biggest.
        
               | adwn wrote:
               | _Area_ isn 't what affects power usage, _switching
               | activity_ is. [1] Besides, the cache size doesn 't
               | negatively influence or constraint the design of the core
               | logic, but highly complex instruction decoding absolutely
               | does.
               | 
               | [1] Well, mostly. There is such a thing as static power
               | draw, but I suspect that the transistors in the L3 cache
               | are optimized to have lower static leakage than the
               | transistors in the core logic, which are optimized to be
               | fast.
        
               | userbinator wrote:
               | Leakage is actually a significant part of idle power
               | consumption, especially at smaller process sizes, so much
               | that some CPUs have the ability to turn off parts of
               | caches when idle.
               | 
               | I repeat my stance that x86 instruction decoding is a
               | tiny part of a processor, and things like vector units
               | (which are also often powered down when idle) and
               | reordering logic take far more power.
               | 
               | There's a paper about this that compares the efficiency
               | of different ISAs, and basically concludes that ARM and
               | x86 are no different in that respect. Only MIPS is an
               | awful outlier.
               | 
               | https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/188396-the-final-isa-
               | sho...
        
             | gameswithgo wrote:
             | >If you downclock Zen 3 to match 15W TDP, you may well get
             | M1 beating it by double digit margin.
             | 
             | Nah, people have done that experiment and it is competitive
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | Trust me, it does not have 40 years of architectural
             | advantage, just an advantage. It's not going to take Intel
             | "40 years to catch up" give me break. I have an M1 mini
             | anad it's a great little desktop machine for browsing and
             | light development but it's not 40 years ahead of intel.
        
               | baybal2 wrote:
               | This is not the point.
               | 
               | 40 years of architectural advantage is X86 _electing_ to
               | forego results of 40 years of advances, and improvements
               | that every other sane ISA had, and instead trying to add
               | them by increasingly complex  "workarounds."
               | 
               | Giant transistors counts go to allow X86 cores to not to
               | break ISA compatibility with a 40 years old chip, while
               | trying make new ISA features to live along with it.
        
             | canadianfella wrote:
             | > Not look too bad best to say.
             | 
             | What does this mean?
        
             | uhhhhhhhhhhhhhh wrote:
             | "Itanium failed therefore the market has shown it only
             | wants x86"
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | That's not how downclocking chips work. Reducing the
             | wattage reduces performance by much less.
             | 
             | In multicore workloads Zen 3 slaps the M1 even per watt.
        
               | baybal2 wrote:
               | CMOS power = Leakage + Average switching energy *
               | frequency^2
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | Nope, about Zen 3.
               | 
               | 5800U (Zen 3 mobile) and M1 are actually very close
               | _multithread_ perf wise despite one being a 8 core part
               | and the other a 4+4 part. And with more power use for Zen
               | 3 too.
               | 
               | What hurts Zen 3 there is while the M1 maintains the full
               | clock with all cores busy, Zen 3 has to downclock away
               | from its max turbo clocks.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | Which benchmarks are we talking about?
               | 
               | The 5800u is a 15w part, you might be confusing the
               | normal part with some overclocked implementation.
               | 
               | But the 5800u at 15w is still faster than the M1 in
               | multicore.
               | 
               | Yes, Zen has to downclock, but it has more cores.
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | It's far from being as definitive as you say.
               | 
               | Trying to find with one of the best 5800U scores: https:/
               | /browser.geekbench.com/v5/cpu/compare/7449909?baselin...
               | 
               | It's for 5800H which is at 45W where Ryzen can get a tiny
               | edge.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | Ok, but that's not what I'm talking about. I'm talking
               | about the 5800U@15W.
               | 
               | On Cinebench, the 5800U gets much more than the M1 in
               | multicore and slightly more in single core. It even edges
               | out the M1 on Geekbench, though Gb is a poor benchmark.
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | Cinebench is a rendering load that isn't that much
               | optimised. (Doesn't even use the newer AVX levels when
               | available, and isn't properly optimised for Arm either).
               | 
               | Cinema 4D, the program that Cinebench benchmarks,
               | normally does the renders on NVIDIA GPUs, not CPUs. As
               | such, it's a very poor benchmark.
               | 
               | And those 5800U results are at probably much higher than
               | 15W. (Because that's the base config, OEMs are free to
               | ship with higher TDPs)
        
             | jeswin wrote:
             | > ...you will still get M1 having almost 3 to 4 times
             | advantage at performance per square mm.
             | 
             | 400%? Do you have any sources to back up this somewhat
             | extraordinary claim?
        
               | baybal2 wrote:
               | I used die shots from
               | https://www.tomshardware.com/news/apple-m1-vs-
               | apple-m14-floo...
               | 
               | And 119 mm2 total die area claim
               | 
               | For Zen 3 I used https://cdn.wccftech.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2020/11/AMD-Ryze...
               | 
               | 0.5mm2 per core on M1 vs 2.2mm2 on Zen 3 sans caches
               | 
               | If you add caches, it gets much worse
               | 
               | 17.5mm2 vs 65mm2
               | 
               | And I may have had inadvertently included non-core parts
               | into M1 calculation because of no official die floor map
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | > It's really sad to see X86 development digging itself
             | into a ditch with "40 years binary compatibility at any
             | cost."
             | 
             | Probably some of that is because they _did_ try to do
             | something different once - and Itanium was an unmitigated
             | disaster.
        
           | whynotminot wrote:
           | Sure, if we don't care about performance per watt.
           | 
           | (Hint: we do)
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | No reflection? The iPad Pro running the Axxx soc was already
           | insanely powerful. x86 is a monster with this huge legacy.
           | Sounds to me more like the usual anti-apple speak..
           | 
           | The whole article is about not having to choose between
           | performance and powerusage. With "5000", which 5000 do you
           | mean? A 100W cpu of about the full cost of a macmini?
           | 
           | This is the whole point of the article. Apple made a monster
           | move. Next up: Apple Cloud. M1 based cloud computing. Will
           | save them a couple billion per year on aws which expires in
           | '22 or '23 iirc.
        
             | bredren wrote:
             | I had wondered what their first Apple Silicon powered data
             | center would be.
             | 
             | I thought the company would wait and deploy a later gen
             | chip. Though with the standardization of M1 across such a
             | wide array of products makes me think it is going to be the
             | M1.
        
               | smolder wrote:
               | Given the competition for fab capacity at TSMC, I'm not
               | so sure Apple would want to use that capacity to supply
               | servers. If things were less tight in that department I'd
               | agree the time is right.
        
               | thehnguy wrote:
               | I was bit surprised to see M1 in the iMacs. I thought the
               | M1 was going to be a very capable proof of concept. But
               | now we've got it in iMacs, iPads, and Macbooks. So I
               | wouldn't be shocked if they spread it far and wide.
        
               | bredren wrote:
               | Ya, part of the reason I presumed there would be at least
               | one rev was because there have been reports of system
               | hangs and restarts on some M1 machines.
               | 
               | So I had thought there may be something learned in the
               | mass deployment that would trigger even minor design
               | changes.
               | 
               | Perhaps those are software issues. Or maybe the M1 as a
               | product name should not be taken literally to describe
               | the SoC in the current lineup.
               | 
               | We know the Secure Enclave component appears to have been
               | updated mid-production this past fall for a host of
               | A-series chips.
               | 
               | Perhaps, if light changes were needed Apple would not see
               | them a sufficient to designate a new moniker.
               | 
               | Or perhaps they are but the iMac and (theoretical) apple
               | silicon-based data centers are intending to build
               | consumer confidence in this bold foray.
               | 
               | https://9to5mac.com/2021/04/12/apple-
               | security-a12-and-s5-pro...
        
           | skohan wrote:
           | Which Ryzen laptop currently competes with the latest
           | macbooks in terms of form factor, performance, battery life
           | and build quality? I'm honestly asking, I've been thinking
           | about getting a Linux laptop in a while and I would be
           | curious to see what the playing field is like
        
             | eertami wrote:
             | Have you used a recent Macbook? The Macbook Pro keyboard is
             | unique in that is is the only time in my life I have ever
             | experienced a keyboard breaking.
             | 
             | I think people are a little too nostalgic when talking
             | about Apple build quality. There's a 2011 MBP here that
             | still works well. But recent releases... no better than the
             | competition really.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > Have you used a recent Macbook? The Macbook Pro
               | keyboard is unique in that is is the only time in my life
               | I have ever experienced a keyboard breaking.
               | 
               | Given that you know the keyboard has been fixed, is there
               | a reason why you didn't make it clear that you were
               | talking about older machines and not current ones?
               | 
               | You make it sound like the current machines have the
               | flawed keyboard, which is not true as far as I am aware.
        
               | skohan wrote:
               | I'm typing on a current-gen macbook, and the keyboard is
               | fine. Butterfly keyboards were flawed, but I think it's
               | also a bit disingenuous of the parent comment to imply
               | that this is a reflection on overall mac build quality.
               | Those generations of macs were bad products for several
               | reasons, but the general build quality of those machines,
               | and everything in Apple's line is quite high comparing to
               | competitors
        
               | boboche wrote:
               | AMEN to that. I still use my fully repairable MBP 2010
               | for web surfing and light tasks (with 8GB and a SSD its
               | fine). On the Keyboard note, I've bought an expensive
               | Eurocom (Clevo) Xeon laptop that had keyboard issues
               | after a few years. Its not only apple that did bad with
               | bad keyboard on expensive products (Fortunately I could
               | repair it myself for 50$). Today apple product should
               | ship with rossman videos and a SMD workstation if you
               | plan to use them more than 3yrs ;)
        
               | theshrike79 wrote:
               | Are you aware that the latest generation has a new
               | keyboard? It's not the fiasco that the previous super-
               | slim one was.
        
               | eertami wrote:
               | Once bitten, twice shy.
               | 
               | I considered that keyboard to be designed to fail. I'm
               | not interested in gambling that another component won't
               | fail the same way. It's easier to use products that have
               | not demonstrated such designed failures.
               | 
               | The good news however is that due to this garbage tier
               | engineering I've discovered that desktop Linux is more
               | stable for me than post-Catalina OSX - I'd have probably
               | never found this out otherwise.
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | Designed to fail is preposterous. Apple lost a ton of
               | money due to that problem, both directly in paying for
               | repairs, and indirectly in damage to their stock price.
               | 
               | It's pretty clear what happened, and it's unfortunate but
               | banal: someone went too far with making the key mechanism
               | as thin as possible, and all plastic to make it easier to
               | manufacture. Ends up the plastic wasn't strong enough for
               | the little pins in the mechanism.
               | 
               | That's it. Just an ordinary design mistake. Embarrassing
               | but no conspiracy.
               | 
               | FWIW they've resolved it. The keyboard on this M1 MBA is
               | perfectly fine.
        
               | minikites wrote:
               | >Apple lost a ton of money due to that problem, both
               | directly in paying for repairs, and indirectly in damage
               | to their stock price.
               | 
               | https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/AAPL
               | 
               | I don't see any evidence that Apple's stock price was
               | affected. Apple can ship any garbage (they shipped a
               | keyboard they knew was defective for _three years_ ) and
               | people will buy it because they're locked in to Apple's
               | services, another reason they're pushing services so hard
               | at the expense of the rest of the company.
        
               | nsxwolf wrote:
               | The new keyboard is what they should have had the last
               | few years. A refinement of the scissor switch keyboard
               | from the glory days of the MacBook. It's great.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | > It's pretty clear what happened, and it's unfortunate
               | but banal: someone went too far with making the key
               | mechanism as thin as possible
               | 
               | I see it as a symptom of the Jony Ive ideology,
               | untethered from realty by Jobs, poisoning Apple in the
               | early 2010s. iOS7 flat UI, overthin devices, keyboards.
               | 
               | Signs are pointing that Apple is recovering from this
               | (new aTV remote).
        
               | FearlessNebula wrote:
               | The keyboard has been fixed since 2019
        
               | BOOSTERHIDROGEN wrote:
               | You have to test new keyboard on M1 MBA/MBP
        
               | eertami wrote:
               | Test it for what exactly? All ultrabook keyboards are
               | garbage, but they shouldn't out-right fail. "Testing" one
               | isn't going to tell me if it will fail, it's just going
               | to feel as crappy as the other keyboards.
               | 
               | If a product fails within the first 10% of expected
               | lifespan I'm no longer interested in that product. If it
               | fails _AND_ the manufacturer refuses to take
               | responsibility until months of bad press and class action
               | lawsuits then I'd have to be insane to trust them with
               | another device.
        
               | ben7799 wrote:
               | The point is the keyboard on a 2018 Macbook when Jony Ive
               | was allowed to push his nonsense is just not the same
               | keyboard as on a current Macbooks.
               | 
               | It's a different keyboard. Different mechanism, very
               | different feel, larger key travel, much more comfortable.
               | 
               | I have a 2018 i7 MBP and a 2020 M1. The keyboards feel
               | incredibly different. On top of that the 2020 M1 has a
               | real Escape key which is a huge upgrade for anyone in
               | unix land/developer land, etc..
               | 
               | The 2019+ keyboard has had no controversy or reputation
               | for failing.
               | 
               | My 2018 one does feel like it's on it's last legs FWIW.
               | It's a work machine.. just hoping to get a refresh before
               | it dies.
        
               | ses1984 wrote:
               | Which competitor has a touchpad that's equal to or better
               | than apple?
        
               | lsaferite wrote:
               | That is certainly one area where I think Apple has no
               | peer.
        
               | eertami wrote:
               | I'm probably not the person to ask, I only use the
               | touchpad as a last resort.
               | 
               | (Honestly I never even noticed that the apple touchpad
               | was better than any other touchpad, but I understand that
               | touchpad users will notice things I didn't.)
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | I prefer the touchpad on my Surface Book 2 to the one on
               | my Macbook Pro (2019). The one on my Macbook is comically
               | huge, and I also am not in love with the feel/click noise
               | compared to the Surface Book. YMMV.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | Ideally there's be no feel/click noise on an Apple
               | trackpad. "Tap to click" is a revelation.
        
               | stjohnswarts wrote:
               | You know when you say stuff like "revelation" it really
               | doesn't help your argument that you're not just fanboying
               | out for apple?
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | Oh no, I much prefer the tactile response and sound of a
               | physical click. But again, that's maybe just me.
        
               | vagrantJin wrote:
               | I have a dell XPS and it's a dream. Probably the closest
               | thing to a good trackpad. That being said, Apples
               | keyboards, even on the MBP are below par. They don't feel
               | like they're supposed to be put through their paces. At
               | work they make us use Macs and iMacs and to be honest, I
               | damn near threw the wireless keyboard in the trash but
               | Apple will win the screen wars till Jesus comes back
               | though.
        
               | Bayart wrote:
               | The very latest Lenovo laptops have touchpads made by
               | Sensel. That should roll all over Apple's stuff,
               | hardware-wise.
        
               | emptysongglass wrote:
               | I have both an XPS 13 Developer Edition from 2018 and two
               | MacBooks from 2019. The touchpads on both 2019s are not
               | good. They both have difficulty inertial scrolling and
               | the touch rejection is far too sensitive.
               | 
               | Coming from lifelong Linux-land it's actually comical
               | reflecting on how poor these things operate in day to
               | day. The most prominent issue for me is how poorly they
               | operate with my USB-type C dock I use for multi-monitor.
        
             | smoldesu wrote:
             | I had an Ideapad 5 (4800u) for a few months, it was a great
             | little Ryzen laptop. Battery life was 7-10 hours of "real"
             | use, CPU performance is righteous, and build quality is
             | pretty surprising for sub-$500. Great little Linux laptop!
        
             | echlipse wrote:
             | Probably a Thinkpad. But depends on completely the type of
             | work you wanna do. With anything you end up buying it's a
             | long term investment. So whichever gets your job done and
             | whichever has a good build quality (also something which
             | you can easily upgrade yourself and repair easily) is the
             | one you should buy.
        
               | CoolGuySteve wrote:
               | Thinkpads feel well made but the screens are mostly
               | terrible and the trackpad design is very dated.
               | 
               | I'm not sure why Lenovo doesn't use better IPS panels,
               | they can't be saving that much margin from them.
        
               | kitsunesoba wrote:
               | Not a huge sample size, but the screen on my X1 Nano
               | looks excellent. Competitive with my 2018 11" iPad Pro's
               | screen visually, if a bit lower PPI.
               | 
               | That's one of the highest end ThinkPads though, so I
               | guess that's to be expected. Have heard that getting a
               | good panel on more mainstream models like the T-series
               | can be tough.
        
             | BadOakOx wrote:
             | Dave2D just reviewed the new surface laptop comparing it to
             | the new MacBook Air:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKN9nvXTGHE ...and he got
             | pretty good battery life (11 hours on his own benchmark).
             | 
             | edit: form factor, performance, build quality.. is also up
             | there, I just didn't mention it, because I think the
             | battery life is the killer feature of the M1.
        
               | ZuLuuuuuu wrote:
               | It is a good battery life for a PC laptop but it is still
               | significantly behind of M1 based Macs while also having
               | significantly lower single core benchmarks compared to
               | M1. And the performance difference is even bigger when
               | both laptops are on battery power.
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | Microsoft is almost always a generation behind with tech
               | in surface products it's ridiculous because they look so
               | appealing otherwise. I just feel like I'm buying last
               | years model on launch.
        
               | yoz-y wrote:
               | That is really a problem only if you watch tech news. In
               | reality people use computers for years, so having a 4 or
               | 5 year old tech doesn't really matter that much.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | It means the usable life is shorter, so even if it's fine
               | for a while, you need to think of it as a much more
               | expensive device per useful year.
        
               | yoz-y wrote:
               | Sadly, with the current trends I think the device will be
               | more likely rendered by an irreparable hardware failure
               | before it reaches end of life due to speed.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | I mean that seems inevitable.
               | 
               | I have a 2014 retina iMac. At some point in the next few
               | years, I'll probably replace it with an M series iMac,
               | and then put Linux on it. It's hard to imagine that it
               | will _ever_ really reach end of life due to speed at that
               | point.
        
               | reader_mode wrote:
               | Developers should be upgrading on 2-3 year cycles max -
               | the leap in performance of 2 generations noticeably
               | impacts performance and unless you're doing some really
               | trivial stuff - performance matters.
               | 
               | Check out Chrome build time benchmarks between 3/4xxx and
               | 5xxx series (or any dev tool related benchmarks). 10-20%
               | off your iteration cycle is noticeable - and that's a
               | single generation jump.
               | 
               | Increasing iteration speed is a big productivity boosts,
               | seeing professionals with 5+ year old devices is just
               | ridiculous to me, you spend 8+ hours on that device -
               | investing 2000$ for an upgrade every two years is not
               | that much to ask.
        
               | BenjiWiebe wrote:
               | Personally I'd like if developers stayed a couple of
               | generations behind on their computers, so the rest of us
               | aren't forced to upgrade regularly to keep software
               | running at a decent speed.
        
               | yoz-y wrote:
               | Developers may have a reason to upgrade (many don't as
               | ssh isn't going to get any faster-er with a fancy new
               | CPU), but they constitute the part of people that read
               | tech news. This is a minuscule part of general
               | population.
               | 
               | Compiling Chrome is a nice benchmark but in reality dev
               | cycles are quite smaller (or you might want to optimize
               | your toolchain).
               | 
               | Finally, it's quite common for developers to forget the
               | kind of hardware their users are running on. Then they
               | produce software that only runs well on the next gen
               | hardware. If you develop on a beast, then at least test
               | whatever you are producing on a 3-4 year old machine to
               | see how it will work for the clients.
        
               | hhh wrote:
               | I haven't really felt this way with the Surface Book. The
               | first gen was rough, but I've been using an SB3 for
               | several months now and have nothing but praise for it.
        
             | gambler wrote:
             | Form factor and build quality are not something AMD can
             | control by making a better CPU architecture.
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | Not entirely for sure, but form factor is limited by
               | thermal requirements (well, mostly, Apple and other OEMs
               | have gotten into trouble by ignoring this in the past,
               | like the first i9 macs), and that is influenced by cpu
               | architecture.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | I don't know why you're being downvoted. A 5nm version of the
           | AMD stuff should be reasonably close to the M1.
           | 
           | The main bottleneck is the production capacity, we badly need
           | more manufacturers of high end chipsets.
        
             | jkrems wrote:
             | > I don't know why you're being downvoted.
             | 
             | I can answer why _I_ downvoted the comment. It was this
             | part:
             | 
             | > [...] it's really surprising to me how many eagerly lap
             | up the angle Apple is pushing without much reflection, even
             | on HN. Like the good old Apple hype days.
             | 
             | You can make a point without implying that anybody who
             | doesn't agree with you is incompetent (the "Apple hype"
             | meme is really stale).
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | thehnguy wrote:
             | I think the issue with the comment is that it comes off as
             | biased or distracting (regardless of the intent). The
             | conversation is about Apple Silicon vs Intel, and then it
             | veers off topic with discussion of Ryzen.
             | 
             | Also, saying that people are "lapping up" the Apple
             | marketing suggests that it's more sizzle than steak. But
             | it's completely undeniable that the A chips, and by
             | extension, the M1 is a beast.
        
             | Grustaf wrote:
             | So a future hypothetical AMD processor could be as good as
             | the M1, and that shows how M1 is just marketing hype?
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | It's only "future" because Apple strongarms the whole
               | market with their market position buying whole 5nm TSMC
               | capacity
        
               | runeks wrote:
               | By "strongarms" do you mean "places the highest bid"?
        
               | ludamad wrote:
               | A fist full of money is a strong arm isn't it?
        
               | gumby wrote:
               | > strongarms the whole market
               | 
               | I see what you did there. Really casting shade on Intel!
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | I think the OP is saying that it could be a mistake to
               | focus on the processor so much when it might turn out
               | that worthy competition is just around the corner. Apple
               | have ever focused on processor like this before, instead
               | opting to focus on the whole product, fit and finish,
               | etc. Which arguably still very few rival them on even
               | today.
        
               | jclardy wrote:
               | But by the time "just around the corner" happens, we will
               | be comparing it to the M2.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | > Apple have ever focused on processor like this before
               | 
               | Eh, I'm not sure that's true. They did with the original
               | PPC, and also the G3 and G5.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | While the competition might have M1 competitors
               | (perf/power) "just around the corner", Apple has the M1
               | out right now. You can go buy an M1 Mac today. If I need
               | to wait until next quarter or the second half of the year
               | to get an M1 competitor that doesn't help me much today.
        
               | theshrike79 wrote:
               | Yes competitors may have worthy opponents to the M1 "just
               | around the corner".
               | 
               | But do you think that Apple stopped innovating after
               | releasing the M1 last year? Don't you think the M2 (or
               | M1X whatever it's called) is well into design and
               | prototyping at this point?
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | The broader point, I think, is that Apple has never
               | really competed on specs before. Not meaningfully,
               | anyway. They've competed on whole product. Competing on
               | specs opens them up to new challenges.
        
               | theshrike79 wrote:
               | This is like people obsessing over the amount of RAM in
               | iPhones.
               | 
               | Just because it matters on Android, which is a COMPLETELY
               | different system, doesn't mean it matters as much on iOS.
               | 
               | Yes, it matters a bit when switching between multiple
               | apps, but app suspend is handled in a completely
               | different way on iOS than on Android.
               | 
               | Apples to Oranges.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | This has _always_ been the line people use against Apple,
               | at least since the days when it was no longer credible to
               | use the  "beleaguered" line on them.
               | 
               | There have been just _so many_ genuine tech news articles
               | of the form,  "Future Apple Competitor Product Beats
               | Current, Widely Successful Apple Product".
        
               | naravara wrote:
               | > There have been just so many genuine tech news articles
               | of the form, "Future Apple Competitor Product Beats
               | Current, Widely Successful Apple Product".
               | 
               | It's the twin brother of all the "Currently, successful
               | Apple product feature technically existed on [not-Apple]
               | Product years ago (even though basically nobody used
               | it)."
               | 
               | People read those articles and conclude it's all
               | marketing hype but never ask themselves why it seems to
               | happen again and again where simply checking off the box
               | for having a specific feature never seems to actually
               | lead to broad adoption. And if it truly is ONLY marketing
               | hype leading to those ecosystem effects, then maybe you
               | should start thinking of marketing hype as a feature?
        
             | paulcole wrote:
             | > A 5nm version of the AMD stuff should be reasonably close
             | to the M1.
             | 
             | Reasonably close only counts in horseshoes and hand
             | grenades. Until a 5nm version of the AMD stuff can run
             | MacOS, there's no point comparing the 2.
             | 
             | If the AMD stuff blows past the M1 (or the M-whatever),
             | Apple's marketing will turn on a dime.
        
             | jsmith45 wrote:
             | But let's say that a 5nm Ryzen comes out ahead for mobile
             | usage. (But not necessarily by very much.)
             | 
             | Chips like the M1 (or ideally, something similar made
             | available to other device manufacturers) is still really
             | interesting. The ARM architecture can scale down better
             | than x86/x64 can, allowing a device maker to hit low end
             | performance targets with less cost than x86 chips can
             | manage. For the low end, it also tends to provide better
             | power consumption for a fixed performance target than the
             | x86 offerings.
             | 
             | This makes M1 type chips really interesting for any
             | manufacturer who want to make devices that span a huge
             | scale of performance requirements, from slow kiosks
             | performance range to the decent laptop range. All being the
             | same ISA makes sharing firmware and applications across the
             | lineup easier than having to switch to x86/x64 above some
             | threshold.
             | 
             | It also does not hurt that M1 means that the really popular
             | for development Apple devices are now running on ARM, which
             | helps ensure that more software has been ported to (and/or
             | tested on) ARM devices. ARM's weak memory model for example
             | is something that can trip up a lot of software that tries
             | to implement low lock algorithms, but whose designers were
             | only familiar with the x86/x64 memory model.
        
               | stjohnswarts wrote:
               | Not really in any other way than speculation. No one can
               | use M1 tech unless they steal it. Sure they can build
               | what they think are similar designs to it but they don't
               | know if they're going down the right path. M1 isn't just
               | another ARM design, it's solely done by apple.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | > This makes M1 type chips really interesting for any
               | manufacturer who want to make devices that span a huge
               | scale of performance requirements, from slow kiosks
               | performance range to the decent laptop range.
               | 
               | This is purely theoretical. Apple will <<never>> sell its
               | chips to other companies.
               | 
               | So if you were expecting Apple Silicon on its own to
               | start a revolution, that's never going to happen.
        
               | ragnarok451 wrote:
               | Honest question - why not?
        
               | cercatrova wrote:
               | Why would they? Apple likes vertical integration, it's
               | not advantageous to them to sell off a differentiating
               | part of their product, the hyped processor, so that
               | others can use it, often competitors.
               | 
               | Back in the 90s, when Jobs was gone, Apple licensed its
               | OS and almost went bankrupt as you could simply get a
               | cheaper clone of Apple's computers with the OS on them.
               | They won't repeat that mistake again.
        
               | zerkten wrote:
               | The poster stated "M1 type chips". That is not setting an
               | expectation that Apple will sell their chips.
               | 
               | Microsoft already have a Surface product with an ARM chip
               | that didn't get updated in this round AFAIK. It already
               | has solid ARM performance, but it's not as good as M1. It
               | was let down with how well x86 emulation worked, but
               | there seem to have been improvements including x64
               | support. If they focused on improvements with the chip
               | design then they could see improvements along the lines
               | of Apple. It's a question of whether the investment is
               | made rather than whether it's possible.
        
               | zucker42 wrote:
               | No other company has the volume to economically build on
               | TSMC's leading node.
        
           | akmarinov wrote:
           | By the time there's a 5nm version of Ryzen, there'll be a 4nm
           | M2.
           | 
           | AMD's 5nm shift is scheduled for 2022
           | 
           | iPhone 13 (2021) rumors indicate a 4nm SoC
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Node sizes are pretty meaningless at this point.
        
               | bhouston wrote:
               | If it is the same foundry (and it is in this case) you
               | can compare them and you can assume that 3mn is better
               | than 4mn and better than 5mn. Across foundries, no so
               | much.
        
               | akmarinov wrote:
               | True, but that's what OP claims.
        
           | kareful4mktng wrote:
           | >it's really surprising to me how many eagerly lap up the
           | angle Apple is pushing without much reflection, even on HN.
           | Like the good old Apple hype days.
           | 
           | Post purchase Rationalization or Apple uses upvote farms or
           | fake accounts.
           | 
           | All 3 are marketing. Not surprising in the slightest bit.
           | Apple lives by marketing where the competition has to live by
           | product quality.
           | 
           | I look at my real world peers that fall for Apple and none of
           | them are excellent when it comes to tech.
        
           | emteycz wrote:
           | But there isn't a 5nm version of those... And laptop battery
           | life is vastly different between these two.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | The difference isn't that big:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKN9nvXTGHE
             | 
             | And for 5nm, I'm quite sure AMD already has contracts for
             | that with TSMC. So the gap should be even smaller.
        
               | foldr wrote:
               | It has less battery life _and_ less performance (judging
               | by Cinebench, at least), so it is a fairly substantial
               | difference. And it 's quite possible that Apple will
               | remain one TSMC process ahead of AMD for the next few
               | years, even if AMD do put out 5nm chips in the near
               | future.
        
               | ndiddy wrote:
               | The surface laptop has a Ryzen 4000 CPU, not Ryzen 5000.
        
               | foldr wrote:
               | I assume the person I was responding to was talking about
               | the laptop in the video that they linked to.
        
               | ianai wrote:
               | His "as tested" was 11 hours for AMD and 13 for M1. His
               | "max time use" for AMD was 14.5 and 20 for M1. That's a
               | 38% greater time for the M1 in a best possible outcome
               | and 18% on "average". Substantial differences that users
               | would perceive noticeably.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | I'm not so sure. I think it reaches a meaningful maximum.
               | Can I do an entire days work on the laptop? Yes to both.
               | Can it last an entire flight, even a long one? Yes to
               | both.
               | 
               | It's not that it doesn't matter at all, it's just that it
               | matters a lot less once you've checked boxes like that.
               | The effective experience of both would be "you only need
               | to charge it overnight"
        
               | foldr wrote:
               | What the sibling says, but you've also got to take
               | battery degradation into account. Even at 80% of its
               | original battery life, an M1 Macbook Pro/Air will still
               | give you a full day's usage.
        
               | ianai wrote:
               | Just to admit something odd I do in public. I've started
               | using my lithium powered devices between the 40%-80%
               | charge range. i.e. I plug it in when it's at or around
               | 40% left charged and unplug it when it's 80% charged or
               | around there. I'd read that's what Tesla drivers
               | recommend for maximizing the life of their batteries.
               | Don't know how much it translates to phones/computers.
               | 40% of 20 hours is 8 hours...
        
               | emteycz wrote:
               | It matters to me a lot. I was constantly out of charge
               | with my previous laptop, it's exactly these extra hours
               | that fixed it.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | For me it's always been "how desperately do I need to
               | find an AC outlet" with my laptops. I've been pretty
               | happy with my M1 MBA in that regard because the answer
               | has been "not desperate at all". I've done a couple
               | weekend trips since getting it and I never even thought
               | of getting the power adapter out of my bag the entire
               | trip. This was despite doing a bit of work.
               | 
               | The same can't be said for the MBPs I've owned over the
               | past decade. They get ok battery life but I always needed
               | to know where the nearest outlet was. While an 11 hour
               | Ryzen might be close to a 13 hour MBA, those extra two
               | hours is the difference between a full weekend worth of
               | work or just a full day.
               | 
               | For anyone wanting long battery life in a laptop those
               | extra couple hours are important.
        
               | BadOakOx wrote:
               | In the video, he mentions the 'max time use' is on
               | somewhat standby. So, the second value is more
               | representative (11 vs 13).
               | 
               | On the other hand, I think if you can go a full day on a
               | battery, that should be enough. You won't be using your
               | laptop for 20 straight hours.
        
             | the_duke wrote:
             | Can you link a good test result that proves this?
             | 
             | The 7nm Ryzen 5000 mobile chips are not very power hungry
             | either.
        
               | HatchedLake721 wrote:
               | https://www.anandtech.com/show/16252/mac-mini-
               | apple-m1-teste...
        
               | the_duke wrote:
               | This doesn't contain any comparison graphs relevant to my
               | question, and couldn't, because it's from November. The
               | Ryzen 5000 mobile chips came out this year.
        
               | ianai wrote:
               | Here's the AMD benchmark and it's using up to 3x the
               | power of the M1.
               | 
               | https://www.anandtech.com/show/16446/amd-ryzen-9-5980hs-
               | ceza...
        
               | bildung wrote:
               | Isn't it 35W for the 5980hs vs. 26.8W for the M1, so up
               | to 1.3x? https://www.anandtech.com/show/16252/mac-mini-
               | apple-m1-teste...
        
               | CoolGuySteve wrote:
               | That's not the right part, the 5800U is the low power
               | Ryzen competitor.
        
               | ianai wrote:
               | I don't see any reviews for laptops with that CPU. It's
               | hard to compare against something no one can test.
        
               | truculent wrote:
               | Is this relevant?
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5bAMoQt7EQ
        
           | zitterbewegung wrote:
           | With the M1 in the latest iPad Pros I'm not even sure if
           | Apple will keep the Ax line but instead to upgrade their low
           | to high end with just Mx series processors .
        
             | kergonath wrote:
             | Isn't the M1 a bit big to put in a phone? Presumably, both
             | Mx and Ax SoCs are already very similar so the distinction
             | could be mostly marketing. But they'll probably want to
             | have different names for the lower-power, fewer-cores phone
             | SoC and the things they put in their Macs. If only to avoid
             | the perception that Macs run on "low-performance" phone
             | parts.
        
               | zitterbewegung wrote:
               | What if Apple didn't care about the size and just put in
               | an M SoC? iPhones have been getting thicker and it seems
               | like their design language is going to have devices under
               | certain thicknesses.
               | 
               | Option two would just be to make an A15 be only a die
               | shrink and surprise ! It fits.
        
           | igammarays wrote:
           | Apple Silicon is NOT just an ARM CPU. It's also a deep
           | integration with macOS, and a unified memory architecture
           | (less unnecessary copying on the bus). For example on the M1,
           | certain very common operations for macOS apps, like freeing
           | Objective C pointers, which happens millions of time per
           | second, are optimized at the hardware level. The M1 is not a
           | CPU.
           | 
           | So no, the Ryzen 5000 with 5nm would NOT level the field.
        
             | slver wrote:
             | How are objective c pointers handled?
        
               | skohan wrote:
               | From what I understood, ARC operations are cheaper on M1
               | because of weaker memory ordering constraints. But I
               | thought this was and ARM thing, not M1 specific, but I
               | could be wrong
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | That's right. M1 doesn't have specific Objective-C
               | optimizations.
        
               | slver wrote:
               | An interesting realization that it could, though.
               | 
               | Overwhelming majority of MacOS/iOS software is written on
               | Obj C and Swift, which have the same underlying
               | semantics.
               | 
               | That said ARC doesn't have such a great impact on
               | performance as some people (esp. fans of Java's GC etc.)
               | would convince you. Most ++/-- operations on the refcount
               | are eliminated by the compiler.
        
               | igammarays wrote:
               | I can't find the interview now, but I distinctly remember
               | someone at Apple saying that Cocoa apps benefit from
               | hardware-level optimizations of common Objective C
               | operations in the M1.
        
             | skohan wrote:
             | But from what I understand, there's a _much_ smaller gap
             | between ryzen and M1 than intel
        
             | kllrnohj wrote:
             | > and a unified memory architecture (less unnecessary
             | copying on the bus).
             | 
             | So does every other Intel & AMD laptop CPU from the last 5+
             | years. So does every Qualcomm SoC from the last 5+ years.
             | This has been incredibly common for years and years now.
             | 
             | This does a _lot_ less than you think it does, particularly
             | since there 's very few consumer workloads that switch
             | between CPU & GPU.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | > For example on the M1, certain very common operations for
             | macOS apps, like freeing Objective C pointers, which
             | happens millions of time per second, are optimized at the
             | hardware level
             | 
             | I mean, this is _kind_ of true, but it's not unique to
             | Objective C, the M1, or even particularly intentional. The
             | _ARM_ memory model is more conducive to reference counting
             | in general than the x86 one. Nothing special about Apple's
             | chip in that respect, tho.
        
           | api wrote:
           | I didn't buy the hype until I tested an actual M1. It
           | exceeded the hype. It feels like when I was a kid and went
           | from a 386SX to a Pentium at 4X the speed, except the M1 was
           | also a quarter the power consumption.
           | 
           | It's the first time in a over a decade I've felt a
           | revolutionary step forward in a chip and the only time it has
           | ever come with less power.
           | 
           | Process node is a factor but I find it hard to believe it's
           | the only factor. I know enough about the X86 legacy tax to
           | know that is not the case.
           | 
           | Apple didn't do black magic. They just took a cleaner
           | superior CPU architecture and made a desktop class muscular
           | chip with it. Other ARM manufacturers could equal or exceed
           | the M1 if they wanted. X86 has been delivered a death
           | sentence.
           | 
           | IMHO the greatest threat to AMD is ARM not Intel, and vice
           | versa.
        
             | octorian wrote:
             | > It feels like when I was a kid and went from a 386SX to a
             | Pentium at 4X the speed
             | 
             | I remember the jump from the 486 chips to the Pentium being
             | that dramatic. Heck, 486DX2-66 to P100 brought Linux kernel
             | compile times from 45 minutes down to like 5 minutes.
             | 
             | Back then, I think a big part of these jumps wasn't just
             | CPU design. I think a lot of it was that those CPU design
             | changes were often accompanied by massive improvements to
             | overall system architecture. So the I/O buses, memory,
             | peripherals, all of it got a lot faster as part of the same
             | upgrade.
        
             | jodrellblank wrote:
             | > " _Apple didn't do black magic. [...] Other ARM
             | manufacturers could equal or exceed the M1 if they wanted._
             | "
             | 
             | I see lots of people saying "If only $company had an ARM
             | device", and I don't understand it. My experience of ARM
             | device is slow laggy janky products - from competing
             | smartphones, tablets, router and network device management
             | interfaces, year on year, the pairing is always (arm +
             | fucking slow).
             | 
             | It's only Apple who have managed to get "desktop class"
             | performance, and at this point I'm more willing to
             | attribute that to Apple doing black magic than to ARM being
             | inherently superior.
             | 
             | Microsoft have piles of money, thousands of developers,
             | they make hardware, they've been working with ARM since the
             | likes of the Compaq IPAQ PDA and Windows CE 21 years ago,
             | and the Surface RT in 2012, their ARM devices are nothing
             | to speak of. Google, industry gorilla of tech with the
             | finances to match - see the famous Gruber/DaringFireball
             | about iPhones far ahead in single core JavaScript
             | performance year after year after year. Tech giants like
             | Samsung, Qualcomm, Sony, who have been designing and
             | building chips for decades, with their own drivers,
             | firmware, and customized Android builds, and building their
             | own flagship products.
             | 
             | Apple whomps in from "nowhere" with the fastest ARM device
             | anyone has ever seen, and the critics response is "anyone
             | could do that if they wanted to".
             | 
             | Then _why don 't they want to_?
             | 
             | [Edit: Consider also that Apple spent $278M on acquiring PA
             | Semi chip design company in 2008, and $600M on Dialog
             | Semiconductor in 2018, and Microsoft spent $2.5BN on
             | Minecraft. I say these companies "are tech giants with
             | finances to match", but it's not like Apple had to lean
             | hard into their hundreds of billions cash pile to do what
             | they've done. Instead they had to do something that appears
             | to be "black magic" (i.e. desire + leadership + execution +
             | long term planning + ???)].
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | Apple has had a vision for this for _at least_ 12-13
               | years. Most likely, ever since (before) the transition to
               | Intel.
               | 
               | The first A-series chip they officially released and
               | named was the A4 in _March 2010_. That is 11 years ago.
               | That is the beginning of M1. And the reason is originally
               | in this amazing Ars Technica article [1]. Apple has
               | always wanted to fully control the entire stack.
               | 
               | Any competitors in the same space lack either the vision,
               | or the products, or the money to do the same thing. In
               | the case of Microsoft and Google, their internal politics
               | don't allow them to do the same thing (Google couldn't
               | care less about hardware because the Web is where
               | Google's money at; MS cares about hardware but
               | traditionally they have relied on throwing money at
               | partners to make them come up with solutions).
               | 
               | [1] Owning the stack: The legal war to control the
               | smartphone platform, https://arstechnica.com/tech-
               | policy/2011/09/owning-the-stack...
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | Indeed, which is two things against "anyone could do it"
               | - it took Apple 13+ years to achieve - "using ARM" isn't
               | enough - and competitors haven't been taken by surprise,
               | they've had 10+ years to mount a response and haven't.
        
               | dgemm wrote:
               | Apple is pretty uniquely positioned to make the
               | architecture change as smooth as it has been. If you look
               | at competing smartphone SOCs it's not hard to believe
               | that a technical M1 competitor could be put together, but
               | getting it adopted would be much, much more difficult.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | Microsoft has to more or less take what Qualcomm will
               | give them. Qualcomm's virtual monopoly on high end non-
               | Apple phones has made it complacent.
               | 
               | > Apple whomps in from "nowhere" with the fastest ARM
               | device anyone has ever seen
               | 
               | Not really from nowhere; they've already had the fastest
               | (non-datacenter) ARM chips anyone has ever seen, fairly
               | consistently, in their phones, for years.
        
             | onli wrote:
             | From what did you upgrade? Apple had no competitive product
             | with modern processors. Where is the Zen3 macbook with
             | which you compared that? Did the laptop you compared with
             | had an equivalent fast SSD?
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | Given Apple had/has competitive products with 2020/21
               | Intel CPUs this is patently not true.
        
               | onli wrote:
               | Hm, I'm surprised by that statement. The Ryzen 5000
               | mobile CPUs were a lot faster than the Intel competition
               | and I am pretty sure Apple does not have them in any
               | laptop. And the very fast SSD is a new addition, isn't
               | it? Did I miss something?
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | You implied that they only saw a difference because Apple
               | wasn't using "modern processors". You can't exclude
               | everything but Zen 3 from any sensible definition of
               | "modern processor".
        
               | onli wrote:
               | The parent comment talked about the implications he
               | thought this had about the architecture. Like half of the
               | thread seemingly ignoring that a) there are x86
               | processors that are more than competitive and b) that the
               | big leap he described is more likely coming from the
               | faster storage and from comparing it with the very much
               | older and weaker processors most people that bought an
               | upgrade now had in their old laptops.
               | 
               | Heck, he might have used an old dual core with an HDD
               | from all we know. Of course the new M1 models would make
               | a big difference then. So would all other modern laptops.
               | 
               | But in that context of x86 and ARM Zen3 is absolutely the
               | only sound comparison.
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | I know what you're trying to say is that you have to do a
               | comparison of CPUs built on similar process nodes - and
               | that maybe the parent has overstated the x86 vs Arm
               | comparison.
               | 
               | I would have some sympathy with that - but that's not the
               | same as discounting the parent's perspective because
               | Apple somehow weren't using "modern processors"
               | previously - because that simply isn't true.
        
               | onli wrote:
               | Similar process nodes, or at least when making general
               | statements of the architecture to compare the best modern
               | candidates. Otherwise you just can't make statements
               | about the architecture based on that. And Apple just does
               | not have Zen 3 laptops (unsurprisingly), so there is
               | that.
               | 
               | And I still think it's very valid to not forget how old
               | hardware used for subjective comparisons will be. E.g.
               | the old Macbook air sold very well all that time.
        
               | api wrote:
               | Are there any x86 processors that are competitive in
               | performance / watt?
        
               | onli wrote:
               | The processors that come closest are the Zen 3
               | processors. They beat the M1 in total performance, see
               | https://www.pcworld.com/article/3604597/apple-m1-vs-
               | ryzen-50..., but are made for a higher watt usage. There
               | is no direct performance/watt comparison I am aware of.
               | 
               | It's likely the M1 is better in that category, but it
               | does not look like a huge difference if you factor in the
               | higher performance you get from the Ryzen 9 5980HS.
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | Single core Ryzen 7 5800U Geekbench scores are c20% lower
               | than M1.
               | 
               | Multi core better but still lower but not too surprised
               | as it's got 8 large cores vs big.LITTLE 4/4 for M1 - not
               | clear when those cores will start throttling down.
               | 
               | Suspect single core performance is what drives apparent
               | responsiveness so I'd say not too surprising that the M1
               | gets rave reviews from users.
        
               | api wrote:
               | Top-end Ryzen chips may be as fast or faster. Are they
               | also as low power?
               | 
               | The impressive thing about the M1 isn't just raw
               | performance but performance / watt. There are obviously
               | faster high-end many-core x86 chips, but the power use
               | difference is wider than the speed difference. The M1
               | destroys mid-range Intel and AMD offerings at a fraction
               | of the power consumption.
               | 
               | Check out this madness:
               | 
               | https://browser.geekbench.com/mac-benchmarks
               | 
               | The MacBook Air trounces the top-end Mac Pro on single
               | core performance. No this is not the top-end Intel you
               | can get, nor is it as fast as AMD, but it's a _MacBook
               | Air_ and consumes a small fraction of the power.
               | 
               | Again... the _power efficiency_ is the thing that really
               | blows me away. 5nm accounts for only some of that.
               | 
               | On multi-core the same MacBook Air is just below recent
               | Mac Pro models on total computational throughput. To beat
               | the _MacBook Air_ you have to go up to newer-generation
               | Xeon chips with 8 full-speed cores. The Xeon is branded
               | as a server chip and uses as much power as probably eight
               | to ten M1s.
               | 
               | It's just insane. If Apple puts, say, 16 full-speed core
               | in one of these chips it's absolutely over for all other
               | vendors. Speculation is that the 16" Pro will end up
               | getting 8 performance cores and 4 low-power cores. I
               | wouldn't be surprised if it ends up beating the top-end
               | Intel Mac Pro.
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | Feeling a bit sad now as I had to buy a 2020 MacBook Pro
               | to get AVX512!
        
               | api wrote:
               | I currently use a MacBook Air with the same 10th
               | generation Intel chip in it and it's not bad. The only
               | difference between the Air and the Pro with this chip is
               | that the Pro can sustain high clocks longer and has a
               | Touch Bar.
               | 
               | I expected the M1 to be like a much lower power and maybe
               | a bit faster version of this chip, and was really blown
               | away by it being far beyond that.
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | I'll probably be in the queue for the M2!
        
               | onli wrote:
               | Just keep in mind that scaling things will change power
               | efficiency. Like the Vega gpu architecture showed so
               | clearly - which could be quite power efficient, but the
               | Vega graphics card released were ridiculously power
               | hungry, it seems because they missed their performance
               | target and thus got overclocked out of their power
               | efficiency range.
               | 
               | I'm not sure that they can easily add more cores to the
               | M1. If they can, that would also raise the TDP. And
               | adding more cores does not increase performance linearly,
               | even if the architecture is made for it.
               | 
               | Also keep in mind that comparing it to 14nm Intel
               | processors with an architecture from a decade ago is a
               | fair comparison when comparing M1 vs prior Apple
               | products, but is not a fair comparison when comparing it
               | against what x86 can do in general. You would need a
               | modern x86 processor targeting the same watt usage to
               | have a completely valid comparison. As discussed in the
               | thread above.
               | 
               | So yeah, it's a great processor for its target. And it
               | likely will also be a very strong processor when scaled
               | up - it bodes well for the future of ARM. But don't
               | extrapolate the performance too linearly, that is likely
               | to be misleading.
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | Sigh. I'm typing this on an Apple "prior" product which
               | has a two year old microarchitecture and is built on
               | Intel 10nm (roughly the same as TSMC 7nm) - it's
               | absolutely a modern x86 processor and a valid comparison
               | - and it's left in the dust by the M1.
        
               | onli wrote:
               | And you swapped the SSD and the swapping algorithm/memory
               | usage model so that the IO performance is equal?
        
             | ben7799 wrote:
             | Excellent analogy, I'm old enough to remember those old
             | generational jumps and the M1 feels like that to me.
             | 
             | Last time it felt like there was a jump this big was around
             | 2005-2006 when the Core 2 Duo started becoming common.
        
             | randomopining wrote:
             | What about it is so amazing? Did you test the 8gb or the
             | 16gb version?
             | 
             | Is it really a gamechanger for surfing, coding, videos,
             | etc?
             | 
             | Curious because I might grab the base mac mini 8gb for
             | music production, surfing, Java coding etc.
        
               | officeplant wrote:
               | It's a game changer if you can wholly devote yourself to
               | the ecosystem. I can tell you that even third party
               | applications with M1 support (ie. Google Chrome) can be a
               | mixed bag and still run kinda clunky.
               | 
               | Also you said music production so verify before hand that
               | your DAW, etc of choice will work fine. I use Reason and
               | the visuals in the DAW itself are still laggy, but it
               | isn't M1 native yet.
               | 
               | Other things like the fact that World of Warcraft runs at
               | medium settings on a 1440P monitor feel kinda magical
               | given I can barely feel any heat leaving the M1 Mini.
               | 
               | In the end I returned my M1 Mini (8gb/256gb) because my
               | personal experience still felt half baked at this time.
               | Once we hit the next generation a lot more software will
               | have caught up.
        
               | api wrote:
               | I'd get 16gb. The memory options are disappointing. I am
               | waiting for 32gb to switch my daily driver, and also
               | giving the ecosystem a bit of time to catch up. I have an
               | M1 Mini but that was for us to test our software on and
               | make sure our Mac ARM builds were correct.
               | 
               | Apple's memory and storage options tend to always be on
               | the disappointing side.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | I've been trying to get to the bottom of this here:
           | https://github.com/solvespace/solvespace/issues/972
           | 
           | With my 2400G the benchmark takes 5.5 seconds. With someones
           | M1 it takes 1.3 seconds.
           | 
           | We still need to verify that was run at the same settings,
           | but it looks like the M1 is going to be faster than the 5000
           | series APUs regardless, possibly by a large margin and I'm
           | assuming the 5000s are between 1.4x and 2.0x the speed of the
           | older 2400G.
           | 
           | It will still be interesting to see AMD on a 5nm process, and
           | Zen 4, and with 8 core, but by then Apple will probably have
           | an M2 on the 3nm process. You gotta compare what can be
           | obtained today.
        
             | Macha wrote:
             | The 2400G is a relatively low end part that is four
             | generations old. In the past AMD did not release high end
             | desktop APUs, preferring customers to buy CPUs + GPUs. This
             | is already announced to change with a 5700G being produced.
             | https://www.amd.com/en/products/apu/amd-ryzen-7-5700g - On
             | paper this is a 5800H in a desktop form factor with a
             | higher max TDP and higher clock speeds.
             | 
             | The 5800H gets 2.5x on cpu benchmark's rating vs the 2400G.
             | This is composed of a 50% single core and 300% multi-core
             | improvement.
             | 
             | 2400G: https://www.cpubenchmark.net/cpu.php?cpu=AMD+Ryzen+5
             | +2400G&i...
             | 
             | 5800H: https://www.cpubenchmark.net/cpu.php?cpu=AMD+Ryzen+5
             | +2400G&i...
        
               | phkahler wrote:
               | >> The 5800H gets 2.5x on cpu benchmark's rating vs the
               | 2400G.
               | 
               | That's in large part because its 8 cores instead of 4.
               | The test I ran makes good use of multicore, but going
               | from 4 to 8 won't cut the time completely in half. I
               | suspect the M1 will still beat it by a bit.
               | 
               | I take back my comment on availability. We ideally need
               | to compare things on the same process node to see which
               | design team has done a better job ;-)
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | The M1 is also 8 cores and benefiting from that.
        
           | itsokimbatman wrote:
           | I don't think "impressive iteration" begins to describe it. I
           | am very rarely impressed by new tech these days, and the M1
           | is the first piece of new hardware I've seen in years that
           | seems downright magical.
           | 
           | My previous laptop was a 2016 MBP with an i7, and the M1
           | destroys it. I can build large projects like LLVM or WebKit
           | fast and it doesn't even get hot.
           | 
           | I've also been running Linux VMs with the new Parallels and
           | they feel native speed.
           | 
           | Rosetta 2 is incredible, Intel apps are very responsive on
           | M1.
           | 
           | My work computer is a high end 16" 2019 MBP with 64 GB of RAM
           | and honestly if it weren't for needing the extra RAM or the
           | occasional x86 VM I'd trade it in for an M1 in a heartbeat.
           | 
           | I'll agree the Apple hype is unrealistic at times, but the M1
           | is one that absolutely deserves it.
        
             | Blumfid wrote:
             | It's not a helpful comparison if you compare a chip from
             | 2016 with a chip from 2020.
             | 
             | You would need to benchmark it against a current chip from
             | someone else.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | You're certainly correct for, say, highly-controlled
               | benchmarks but don't discount subjective user experience.
               | I've heard _far_ more M1 users talk about the subjective
               | feel compared to even the previous generation MacBook
               | hardware whereas it's been a long time since I've heard
               | that about an Intel to Intel upgrade (basically since the
               | Core -> Core Duo period) other than people with GPU-heavy
               | needs and that seems like an interesting data-point to
               | me.
        
               | CountHackulus wrote:
               | I do wonder how much of that is just getting a nice new
               | laptop? If the average user was handed the equivalent
               | laptop with an Intel CPU but told it was an M1 would they
               | notice? Would they also think it was nice and fast?
        
               | bananabreakfast wrote:
               | Absolutely. Performance is very noticeable even between
               | the current MBP Intel vs. M1
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Possibly but it feels like that should have but has not
               | happened to anything like this degree when people were
               | getting shiny new Intel CPUs after the early 2010s.
        
               | SubiculumCode wrote:
               | yeah, especially given the leaps AMD has made.
        
         | emteycz wrote:
         | There's a value in that too - people know immediately that i7
         | is powerful, and everyone [that cares] already knows that
         | processors are renewed frequently. Though yeah, perhaps
         | something like 7i1, 7i2 would've been better. Apple solved this
         | nicely (given the naming is confirmed) with M1X.
        
           | alpaca128 wrote:
           | But then you have different i7 variants with one having a
           | different letter in the name which makes it just half as
           | powerful because it's an extra energy-conserving mobile CPU.
           | 
           | I'm not into hardware but I have a rough overview, though
           | whenever I'm supposed to help someone choose a laptop I only
           | see a whole page with dozens of products and the only
           | difference are a few numbers in the CPU serial number and
           | some other weird product names and I simply have no idea what
           | to say. I fully understand people who just go "I take this
           | one because it has a nice color" - a layperson simply has no
           | chance at understanding the difference, and good luck finding
           | a store where the employees know more.
           | 
           | I never owned an Apple computer and I can still tell you on
           | the spot which category of Macbook is better and more
           | expensive, and why. Might have to do with the devices having
           | normal names instead of alphanumeric strings that probably
           | came from a password generator.
        
           | Joeri wrote:
           | It is very confusing because typically the previous
           | generation's i7 performs the same as the current gen's i5,
           | within the same tdp tier, and i5's from a higher tdp can
           | vastly outperform i7's from a lower tdp within the same
           | generation. Typically at any one time there are two or three
           | processor generations in actual laptops being sold, as well
           | as three or more tdp classes, so there is basically no good
           | way of knowing how different laptops in the store compare
           | performance-wise except by looking up benchmarks.
        
           | mysterydip wrote:
           | That's fine if you're buying new. Is there an i5 that beats
           | an older i7 in performance? When buying a used laptop or
           | desktop, how much extra research do I need to do to figure
           | out which processor I'm actually getting? There's been 13
           | years of i7's.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | >>Is there an i5 that beats an older i7 in performance?
             | 
             | Of course. I got a new laptop last year with a Core
             | i5-10300H, and it easily beats my desktop i7-4790K, despite
             | the same number of cores, in every workload.
             | 
             | UserBenchmark is your friend for this kind of thing really:
             | 
             | https://cpu.userbenchmark.com/
             | 
             | I do have to say that nowadays buying an Intel CPU is a
             | _really_ bad idea though.
        
             | oblio wrote:
             | I can't ever imagine why manufactures of <<everything>>
             | don't use dates.
             | 
             | Product lines 1 - 10. Bigger is better.
             | 
             | A minimal number of qualifiers next to the numbers, ideally
             | just 1 of them next to a product line number
             | (Pro/Home/Hobby/Enterprise/whatever).
             | 
             | Date, month and year format if you really want flexibility.
             | 
             | OblioCorp Oblio 1 Home 2020.06. Oblio 10 Enterprise
             | 2021.04.
             | 
             | How hard is that? Not that hard, from where I'm standing.
        
               | bakatubas wrote:
               | It makes sense for software release versions, but I think
               | this lacks marketing prowess.
               | 
               | Consider; "hey man check out my new M1 machine!" Versus:
               | "hey man check out my M1 2021.04"
               | 
               | Even with the Core series it's short and sweet.
               | 
               | "10th gen. Core i7" still sounds futuristic and always
               | will.
               | 
               | Ryzen 7 also.
               | 
               | Honestly I think folks here are overthinking this stuff.
               | It's easy enough to compare the specs on a 10th gen cpu
               | vs 8th gen. I think that's easier than comparing
               | different product names.
               | 
               | For instance, just by the names: Pentium 5 versus Core i5
               | it's not quite clear unless folks were old enough to
               | remember Pentiums. Whereas, everyone knows current
               | generation has better processing than previous
               | generation.
        
               | ziml77 wrote:
               | Speaking of Ryzen, I see everyone attacking Intel for
               | their naming especially now that the generation is 2
               | digits, but AMD's situation is a mess too. The Ryzen 7
               | 5800x is built on Zen 3 architecture. I know the
               | numbering scheme and still sometimes mix up the
               | generation of processor with the generation of
               | architecture.
               | 
               | Also, given that AMD copied Intel's 3/5/7/9 numbering,
               | I'll be interested to see if in a few years they're
               | selling a 10800x.
        
               | tjoff wrote:
               | > _Versus: "hey man check out my M1 2021.04"_
               | 
               |  _Noone_ would ever say it like that. They would simply
               | say: _"hey man check out my new M1 machine!"_ And if it
               | happened to come at a generation shift the context would
               | make it obvious if it was the old generation at a bargain
               | or the brand new generation. (or that the person saying
               | it couldn 't care less about specs and generations)
               | 
               | Now if you would buy a used computer, or would like to
               | compare your current i7 to the latest i7 - then you would
               | take notice. How much difference is there between a i5
               | 2021.04 vs. i7 2016.8 ?
               | 
               | That is dead simple to google and reason about.
               | 
               | Compare that to: So what computer do you have? Oh, it is
               | an i7 with 16 GB of RAM. I have no idea what decade that
               | machine is from. And noone remembers the specific
               | version, and if they do I have no idea how to parse it
               | anyway.
        
               | nl wrote:
               | Because approximately no one in the whole supply chain
               | wants to be stuck with a part dated last year.
               | 
               | And product lines are speced 12 months in advance.
               | 
               | So you need precise demand prediction all the way along
               | your supply chain for this to work.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Who's ever going to use the full date in the marketing
               | material?
               | 
               | Apple never says iPad 2019 on their website, until you
               | start digging really hard.
        
             | thehnguy wrote:
             | This was a situation I ran into a lot when buying simple
             | Intel-based nuc's for family. It got more complex when the
             | difference between and i5 and i7 got really close due to
             | thermal constraints.
        
             | leetcrew wrote:
             | I don't think this is a solveable problem. with a wide
             | range of skus, inevitably there will be an nth gen part
             | that outperforms an n+1th gen part.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | The i7 name was ruined by dual core mobile parts
         | 
         | It meant at one time "quad core"
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | I mean......the very first generation of i7s already had a
           | dual-core mobile part, i7-620M was a dual core cpu.
           | 
           | So I'd argue you can't really "ruin" something you've just
           | introduced. I do agree that for a while it was standard that
           | a desktop i7 was a quad core and a mobile one was dual core.
        
           | klelatti wrote:
           | At one point I think hyperthreading was i7 only too?
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | Mobile i5s always had hyperthreading from the beginning.
             | 
             | Edit: nope, actually, I'm wrong - Core i5-430M was a
             | straight dual core, no hyperthreading part.
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Originally, my memory says "i7 meant 4+ core & hyper
               | threading", "i5 meant 4 cores w/o HT", "i3 meant 2 cores
               | (with or without HT)".
               | 
               | But I'm sure even at the beginning there were SKUs that
               | broke the coding due to customer demand.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | I think the lesson here is that Intel's marketing for
               | these chips has been a mess from day one.
               | 
               | Some of it is inevitable, they have too many aspects to
               | contain in a reasonable product name, but letting the
               | names become divorced from any sort of reality helps
               | nobody.
        
             | usefulcat wrote:
             | I'm writing this on a dual core i3 with hyper threading.
        
           | superjan wrote:
           | Yes this was so annoying... We optimized software for multi
           | core, but the laptop builders label their products as 10th
           | gen i7.... which says little about it's performance. GPU
           | labels are easier to decode by comparison.
        
         | jrm4 wrote:
         | Interesting. Marketing about "computer guts" has never been an
         | Apple thing,so it's interesting to consider the motivation
         | here. It _could_ be that the M1 is that revolutionary, but
         | Moore 's Law et al makes me think this is not about new chip
         | technology. More likely competing against Intel or whoever.
        
         | glsdfgkjsklfj wrote:
         | How can you say Marketing is not being commented.
         | 
         | Outside of consumerist/fanboy forums (here is the later) it is
         | the only thing being talked about.
         | 
         | M1 is apple doing a mattress-store on the CPU market. It is 90%
         | marketing.
         | 
         | Would people be talking about apple if either of these were
         | true:
         | 
         | - they announced the cpu architecture and metioned a integrated
         | GPU with a few cuda cores
         | 
         | - they used numbers in the axis of their promo graphs :)
        
         | AnonC wrote:
         | > I've always thought Intel's marketing was a bit confused - i7
         | stays the same over 10+ years with only the obscure (to the
         | general public) suffix changing from generation to generation.
         | 
         | It's been a mess for a long time. An i7 may be less performant
         | than an i5, which may be less performant than an i3...all
         | depending on which specific processor is chosen.
        
         | fiatSuxxxx wrote:
         | I'm not convinced this is all Organic. Given Apples poor ethics
         | I imagine lots of this is astroturfing or free equipment that
         | demands positive reviews. Along with an upvote factory.
        
         | FalconSensei wrote:
         | > i7 stays the same over 10+ years with only the obscure (to
         | the general public) suffix changing from generation to
         | generation.
         | 
         | My wife was confused about that earlier this week. She was
         | like: 'you mean i7 is not newer than i5? And if i7 is better
         | than i5, why can an i5 be better than an i7? (when it's an old
         | i7)'
         | 
         | I get they have the generation. But:
         | 
         | 1 - it's not easy to compare different models of different
         | generations. How can a non-technical person compare 7th gen i5
         | with 5th gen i7?
         | 
         | 2 - Many places that sell computers don't put the generation on
         | the 'headline'. You have to dig in the specs to discover that,
         | if you can find it at all
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | Yeah, it's arguably quite weird that Intel don't market this
         | way anymore (they used to, particularly with the Pentium
         | brand).
         | 
         | EDIT: Though, thinking about it, I can see why they might have
         | been reluctant. Of the big releases over the last 15 years or
         | so, Core 2 was, while a massive improvement, also essentially
         | an admission that P4, and their whole strategy around it, had
         | failed, and Skylake had a lot of teething troubles. The only
         | big microarch shift that was an unqualified plus was Haswell,
         | and I don't understand why they weren't louder about that.
        
         | hutrdvnj wrote:
         | > I've always thought Intel's marketing was a bit confused - i7
         | stays the same over 10+ years
         | 
         | I think that is because the performance has been the same for
         | the past 10+ years.
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | Not really. I had this exact case when modern i7 laptop had
           | kicked the butt of my 10 year old desktop speed wise at the
           | same number of cores. Not sure how's this trend would go when
           | started now though.
        
           | makomk wrote:
           | The overall performance of Intel's range of processors may
           | not have changed much, but what they called an i3, i5 or i7
           | sure has lately. For example, the popular i7-7700k is most
           | similar in terms of core count, clocks etc to the current i3
           | chips, and I don't think there was any real equivalent to the
           | current i5 or i7 chips back then. If I remember rightly, the
           | generations prior to that were still seeing actual
           | performance improvements generation-on-generation too.
        
           | jean_tta wrote:
           | Most people have no need to compare CPUs between mobile/non
           | mobile or generation. They just need to know if the laptop
           | they're looking at has the high end / middle end / low end
           | CPU. You'd be comparing a new laptop with latest(-ish) CPUs.
           | 
           | The i3/i5/i7 makes it plain & simple to know that.
           | 
           | You don't need to figure out what the "middle end" CPU is
           | called this year. It's the i5, problem solved.
        
             | Aperocky wrote:
             | Yeah and then they get surprised at why the mobile one
             | suck.
             | 
             | That was me trying to play games on laptops with 'i7' about
             | a dozen years ago.
        
               | jean_tta wrote:
               | I am not arguing that the product naming is perfect, only
               | that is not completely absurd as others claimed.
               | 
               | Comparing the performance of laptop and desktop is a
               | niche case. Most people know whether they want a laptop
               | or a desktop and then choose among those categories.
        
               | eitland wrote:
               | > Comparing the performance of laptop and desktop is a
               | niche case. Most people know whether they want a laptop
               | or a desktop and then choose among those categories.
               | 
               | I think you will find many people thinking that is a very
               | useful thing to compare.
        
             | tester34 wrote:
             | what???
             | 
             | >The i3/i5/i7 makes it plain & simple to know that.
             | 
             | there are i7s that are terrible
             | 
             | there are i5s that are terrible
             | 
             | there are decent i3s
             | 
             | "i3" "i5" "i7" doesn't tell you anything itself about perf
        
             | manigandham wrote:
             | That's already too low-level for most people. They care
             | about the overall device model, not the components inside.
             | This is why Apple has been so successful, everything has a
             | simple model and version number or year attached, with
             | generally more performance as numbers (storage, ram) get
             | bigger.
        
             | caslon wrote:
             | You can't forget that there are multiple variants of i3, i5
             | and i7 every year! And presumably now the i9 but I haven't
             | been paying attention.
             | 
             | 6400 6500 6600 6600 _k_ random assortment of numbers and
             | letters!
             | 
             | It hardly works! The consumer still has to do just as much
             | work!
        
               | kijin wrote:
               | It's even worse these days. There are letters in the
               | middle of the model name, e.g. i7-1165G7, not just at the
               | beginning and end! That thing doesn't even sort. You have
               | no idea where to position it without seeing the spec
               | sheet and Passmark scores.
               | 
               | We consumers have it easy, though. Go find some Xeon or
               | EPYC model numbers and try to figure out which digit
               | means what. They make absolutely no sense.
        
             | jrumbut wrote:
             | This definitely feels like an engineer's approach to
             | marketing.
        
             | klelatti wrote:
             | The decision that people think about most is when to
             | upgrade (by definition it stretches over a longer time
             | period than the single point purchasing decision).
             | 
             | That's why we have iPhone 7/8/9...13 and similarly for
             | Samsung etc.
             | 
             | If your i3/i5/i7 designation gives no clues then that's not
             | helpful.
        
               | earthboundkid wrote:
               | Yes, this point is so obvious, I feel like I've got to be
               | missing something. I am a professional programmer. I am
               | vaguely aware that Intel chips have X-Lake based
               | codenames. I have no idea how to compare the chip in my
               | current laptop to a new laptop based on Intel's marketing
               | names. To convince myself to upgrade, I just go to
               | Geekbench, because nothing else in the marketing tells me
               | the new chip is better. Seems like a very fundamental
               | marketing failure that could be resolved by exposing the
               | X-Lake names to the public in some friendly form.
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | I think Intel's marketing may have fallen down because:
               | 
               | - At one point everyone upgraded their PC every few years
               | anyway.
               | 
               | - Just having Intel on the box was sufficiently
               | impressive to make the sale.
               | 
               | Now they really need to push their latest CPUs as the
               | latest and greatest.
               | 
               | I like the Lake names but I've never understood from a
               | marketing perspective (what have chips got to do with
               | lakes - were they designed near these lakes?) they feel
               | more like code names that accidentally got leaked.
        
               | k1t wrote:
               | They are code names.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_codenames
        
               | sib wrote:
               | Many years ago Intel got sued for using code names that
               | were things like "Hendrix" so they started using code
               | names that were geographic features that could not be
               | "owned" by others...
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | Intel CPU numbering:
               | 
               | iX-YYZZZ[Suffix]
               | 
               | X = 3/5/7/9 = market positioning bucket. Higher is better
               | 
               | Y = generation, currently at 11. This is basically a
               | numeric form of the "* Lake" naming, except for 10th gen
               | where Ice Lake (10nm, better power efficiency) and Comet
               | Lake (14nm, higher max perf) co-existed in laptops
               | 
               | ZZZ = position within that generation, higher is better,
               | more detailed than the i3/i5/i7/i9 bucketing.
               | 
               | Suffixes:
               | 
               | H = "High Performance" - laptop CPUs with higher perf and
               | higher energy usage. The fastest laptop chips in a given
               | gen previously got branded "HQ" (originally the Q meant
               | quad core), but otherwise HQ = H.
               | 
               | U = "Ultra portable" - laptop CPUs with lower perf and
               | energy usage. Usually can boost well for short tasks, so
               | you might not notice if the most intensive thing you do
               | is compiling code but fall flat for longer workloads such
               | as gaming.
               | 
               | Y = Lowest power usage - These are all garbage, to be
               | honest. You might have one in your windows tablet or
               | netbook.
               | 
               | M = "Mobile" - dead these days, as the H chips replaced
               | them, there were a couple of gens where H and M co-
               | existed with H > M > U.
               | 
               | G_N_ - Integrated graphics rating. All G3 cpus in the
               | same gen will have the same igpu. This only exists on
               | tenth gen/eleventh gen 10nm chips. These chips are more
               | efficient than H/U series chips at the same perf, but
               | don't yet reach the performance peaks of the H series due
               | to lower clock speeds.
               | 
               | K - Unlocked overclockable CPUs, mostly desktop chips,
               | but HK chips for laptops exist too.
               | 
               | F - No integrated GPU. Mostly desktop only.
               | 
               | T - Power efficient desktop CPU (thanks mehlmao)
               | 
               | These suffixes can be combined, e.g. HK for overclockable
               | laptop cpus or KF for desktop cpus with overclocking and
               | no IGPU.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | So the rule of thumb version for a laptop buyer is H =
               | high power, U/Gx = better battery life, within that, pick
               | highest perf ranking number (ZZZ) within your budget.
               | Deduct 1-2 positions per generation out of date. If you
               | need to compare cross-gen or vs AMD, you need to go look
               | at reviews.
               | 
               | The G numbers in particular are pretty meaningless to
               | consumers. Basically all Intel iGPUs fall into a bucket
               | that is "Good enough for windows or esports titles, not
               | good enough for new or recent AAA games".
               | 
               | Other features are more of interest to DIY builders,
               | nobody is going to sell you a laptop with no igpu and no
               | dgpu, and if you're not interested enough to read up on
               | this, you certainly don't care about overclocking.
        
               | javajosh wrote:
               | Oh wow, this is great Macha! You've provided a concise
               | solution to a real puzzle who's importance fit precisely
               | in the space occupied by "important enough to know" and
               | "not important enough to research it myself". Intel
               | should put your explanation in a PDF and distribute it
               | widely. (Or better, review their marketing approach.)
        
               | kstrauser wrote:
               | Has anyone made a website that decodes the numbers like
               | this?
        
               | clukic wrote:
               | Well...this is incredibly useful information that is
               | remarkably obscure.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | They might not do it anymore but they also previously
               | used P for GPU-less CPUs as well, i.e. 3350P.
               | 
               | https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/6911
               | 4/i...
        
               | mehlmao wrote:
               | There's also the T suffix for desktop processors,
               | indicating lower power usage. I put one of those in my
               | NAS/Plex server.
        
             | unchocked wrote:
             | Right, and this describes the marketing problem. If I
             | already have an i5, why would I need another one unless
             | it's broken?
             | 
             | If I have an M1 and they're selling M5's, I'm continually
             | reminded that my rig is out of date.
        
               | kijin wrote:
               | This reminds me of when the iPhone first came out. Back
               | then, most phones from other manufacturers had an
               | assortment of random names and model numbers that carried
               | no hint as to which one was better or newer. Meanwhile,
               | iPhone N+1 was obviously better than iPhone N.
               | 
               | Samsung quickly learned to play the same trick with their
               | yearly Galaxy S and Galaxy Note releases. That decision
               | probably contributed to the market share they've been
               | enjoying.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | The confusing names can be good for big box stores
               | because they prevent comparison shopping, if every store
               | gets their own SKU then they can offer to beat
               | competitors' prices without ever having to do it.
               | Although for phones, they were mostly handed out by
               | carriers at the time and people didn't shop on their own.
        
             | Macha wrote:
             | Except you go to the store and there's laptops with 3
             | generations of cpus in there and the 10nm/14nm split for
             | tenth gen so it's entirely possible to run into a laptop
             | with an i7 worse than the i5 in the laptop next to it on
             | the shelf/store webpage.
        
               | geerlingguy wrote:
               | Or in my case, my new i3 laptop runs circles around my
               | 5-year-old i7 laptop.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | Maybe not.
             | 
             | But if you're thinking "Should I upgrade my 6 year old i7
             | system?" or "Will I notice the difference from spending an
             | extra $200 on my CPU?" these days it isn't easy to come up
             | with a sure answer.
        
               | josho wrote:
               | That's intentional. It's so that the salesperson can use
               | messaging to guide you to whatever machine they have the
               | best margins on.
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | Spoiling your customers with choice actually often has
               | the opposite effect, they become apathetic and do
               | nothing.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | For me, the buying strategy these days is to decide on
               | the features that are most important (screen, keyboard,
               | RAM, battery life, etc.) Find a machine that satisfies
               | those key elements and then pick a price point and buy.
               | Doing anything more leads to the paralysis you mention.
        
             | memsom wrote:
             | When you can walk in to a store and be presented with
             | laptops with "Core i5" that are 1 or more generations
             | apart, and where a newer processor isn't always better than
             | an older generation (different architecture, cores caches
             | etc), I think having more than "it's an new laptop and it
             | has an i5" is quite helpful. I think with the Apple chips,
             | there is always a progression so far. If they keep that up,
             | the marketing is on point and you'd always know that what
             | you are buying is "one better than last year". I appreciate
             | we can't guess what they will actually do, and the reality
             | might be as diluted as the ia32/X64 marketplace is now.
        
           | eloff wrote:
           | The performance difference between i7s of 10 years ago versus
           | today is more than 2x per core, and the number of cores have
           | also more than doubled in that time period.
           | 
           | That's over a 4x performance difference in 10 years, it's not
           | quite the good old days of Moore's law, but it's still an
           | exponential improvement.
        
             | StrictDabbler wrote:
             | That sounds like an S-curve, not an exponential
             | improvement. You can make any monotonically increasing
             | function look exponential if you only have two points
             | (f(n+x)/f(n)) and you get to pick both n and X. "It doubled
             | over the past fifty years!"
             | 
             | If looking at all the points shows the time it takes to
             | double is way longer than it used to be you're probably on
             | the top of the S.
             | 
             | Which, ok, we know we're headed to an S-curve instead.
             | There are limitations on what we can do on silicon, right?
             | 
             | It's just that the CISC/Intel S-curve is way lower than the
             | ARM/M1 S-curve. Intel got used to leaving a margin of
             | performance sitting on the table because it'll be faster
             | next year. They got lazy. As chip gains have slowed those
             | margins have started to add up.
        
           | kevstev wrote:
           | I am continually astounded that the quad core sandy bridge
           | core-i7 I bought in January 2011 is still completely
           | serviceable for pretty much all tasks outside of gaming. The
           | bezel and overall form factor is clownishly large by todays
           | standards, and the screen is starting to look a bit faded,
           | but as a portable but mostly stationary PC it still works
           | great alongside my main laptop I use for work.
           | 
           | I knew back in 2011 I was buying something that was going to
           | be pretty future proof, but 10 years... I would have laughed
           | at you.
        
             | nemacol wrote:
             | I built my own gaming pc back in Nov 2010 with an i7-970
             | 24g ram. While I have upgraded the GPU twice and upgraded
             | to larger SSD's as prices have come down, I am still using
             | the same machine for gaming. Not that what I am doing is
             | very intense or hardcore intense graphics. I can
             | comfortably play all the Blizzard titles, modern FPS like
             | whatever COD is newest, etc. Maybe not on max settings
             | anymore.
             | 
             | Still, I am impressed by how much I have gotten out of my
             | machine.
        
             | BeFlatXIII wrote:
             | There is only one other popular task that a decade-old CPU
             | can't handle acceptably well: running a web browser.
             | Outside of that, computers have been good enough ever since
             | HiDPI/Retina screens became standard.
        
             | MrFoof wrote:
             | I'm also staring at a Mid-2011 Sandy Bridge quad-core iMac
             | that's been on my desk since May 2011.
             | 
             | It'll be replaced come August-ish with a 32-core Zen 3
             | Threadripper (with 256GB of ECC). Though in a few years
             | I'll likely put an M3 Mac Mini alongside it to figure out
             | when I'll feel comfortable going to ARM full time, as all
             | my customers (and their applications) are still native x86
             | only... for now.
        
             | cptnapalm wrote:
             | I got a 2009 Mac Pro with dual sockets at a state auction
             | and put in a couple of inexpensive hexcore Xeons. The sum
             | total after 2 graphics cards and 48 GB of RAM was less than
             | $750 and it runs everything pretty well.
        
             | kitsunesoba wrote:
             | If it weren't for the fact that it's not good at being a
             | laptop (chunky, heavy, hot), I'd be perfectly happy using
             | my old QX9300 (Core 2 Quad) workstation laptop for day to
             | day. With an SSD and the Bluetooth+Wifi upgraded to Intel
             | AX200 it's only marginally slower than my newer x86 boxes
             | at most things, and its 15.4" 1920x1200 display is still
             | nicer than what ships on a lot of laptops today. Wouldn't
             | want to use it as a dev machine, but any less demanding
             | usage would be fine.
        
             | KMnO4 wrote:
             | I think that's because 99% of regular computer tasks don't
             | need 24 cores operating at 5 billion cycles per second.
             | 
             | The differences between an i7-4xxx and i7-11xxx are more
             | about hardware acceleration, eg HEVC and SIMD. That's why
             | they look _so_ much better in benchmarks that are designed
             | with that in mind.
             | 
             | My main desktop is an unRAID server that hosts multiple
             | VMs. Only yesterday I discovered that I accidentally only
             | gave Windows four (of my 16) cores. Literally 3/4 of the
             | processor was unused for months, and I didn't notice any
             | slow performance the entire time.
        
               | chrisco255 wrote:
               | Speak for yourself. Me personally? I would like one core
               | per Chrome tab.
        
               | rjzzleep wrote:
               | Yeah, 2500 cores per CPU sure would be nice.
        
               | yunohn wrote:
               | I'm unsure if this is sarcasm.
               | 
               | But most tasks (& tabs) are idling your CPU for a
               | majority of the time. There's no value to this at all.
        
               | glsdfgkjsklfj wrote:
               | > But most tasks (& tabs) are idling your CPU for a
               | majority of the time.
               | 
               | Maybe they do not have an ad blocker? :D
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | My new M1 constantly freezes, and I'm pretty sure it's
               | because of chrome. Or the secret SSD thrashing design
               | flaw that Apple is hoping nobody talks about till they
               | quietly fix it.
               | 
               | Was a bit disappointing. I was like, finally! A new
               | thing! I'm freeeeeee..... wait no it still freezes, I
               | miss sandy bridge, etc.
        
               | 650REDHAIR wrote:
               | What about Safari?
        
               | kstrauser wrote:
               | That's a perfectly valid question. Lots of people use
               | Chrome because they've used Chrome, and that's the whole
               | reason. Some people _need_ Chrome because it supports
               | some site or tool that they require. I recommend that
               | everyone else at least _try_ Safari and see what they
               | think of it.
        
               | davio wrote:
               | When I first had my M1, I ironically had to use Canary
               | for stability purposes
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | Last time I tried it (couple of months ago) there were
               | practically no extensions and Bitwarden didn't work in
               | incognito. And Chrome's UI/UX is simply great. And dev
               | tools as well.
        
               | mvanbaak wrote:
               | That's a personal preference thing. Personally I think
               | chrome UI/UX is horrible and slow. Ut I'm a safari user
               | so again: personal preference.
        
               | spurgu wrote:
               | Sure, I've never used Safari enough myself to have an
               | opinion (since it's never been an option for me due to
               | various things), it might be equal to Chrome or even
               | better (I like Safari's clean UI). I'm mostly comparing
               | it to Firefox which is quite clunky in my opinion (I've
               | given it many chances).
               | 
               | And I'm actually typing this on Safari now and it looks
               | like the issue has been fixed - Bitwarden now works in
               | private mode. Maybe it's time to give it yet another
               | shot. :)
        
               | vesrah wrote:
               | Is the the 8GB model? I had the same issue with my
               | workload and found that it was always under high memory
               | pressure, upgrading to a 16GB model fixed it for me.
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | It's the 16GB. The memory pressure is indeed the issue. I
               | find it hilarious that Apple accidentally inverted their
               | LRU into an MRU and constantly swaps for no reason, yet
               | it's still so fast that nobody even noticed during QA.
               | Mine has already read/wrote 48TB in the first three
               | weeks; at this rate the SSD will be dead in three years.
               | 
               | (If you haven't looked into SSDGate yet, be sure to check
               | your smartmon to see whether you're affected.)
        
               | msie wrote:
               | This guy seems to have pinpointed the problem:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyMCoQmsv-I
               | 
               | The problem is unoptimized apps running on Rosetta2.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Emulated apps don't use more memory. It's more likely
               | Activity Monitor calculates their usage wrong, it doesn't
               | show very accurate numbers in the first place.
        
               | jacobolus wrote:
               | Chrome is by far the worst-performing browser on my
               | (Intel-based) Mac with many tabs open. It doesn't come
               | anywhere close to keeping up with my browsing style,
               | wasting tons of system resources, glitching, crashing,
               | etc.... and then oh wow the battery drain.
               | 
               | Safari is best, but Firefox is also pretty decent
               | nowadays.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | I use an M1 powered 16GB MacBook Air and I've never seen
               | any freezing, even under heavy load. I don't use Google
               | Chrome though.
               | 
               | Also, system is writing to the SSD with the same rate of
               | my Linux machines: 4TB/year.
        
               | markphip wrote:
               | Same here, zero freezing and amazing performance. I use
               | Safari though and have not even installed Chrome.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | I consider Chrome harmful TBH. I use Safari and Firefox
               | (and I sync it with my other, non-apple computers).
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | Heavy load in my case is a few dozen terminal tabs, six
               | of which are running TPU training jobs, 40 chrome tabs, a
               | few of which are playing twitch streams and YouTube
               | videos, a half dozen instances of pycharm, one webstorm,
               | one clion, around 35 macvim windows, and a few dozen PDFs
               | open in Preview. I'm not exactly representative, but I
               | think the stddev of usage patterns is high across
               | developers.
               | 
               | The unfortunate part is, when it freezes, it does the
               | beachball for a full minute before I successfully execute
               | a "switch to activity monitor / s click topmost process /
               | force quit / confirm" sequence. Each step takes around 45
               | seconds to complete. I assume Apple QA never tested the
               | extreme edges of workloads.
               | 
               | One poor guy on Twitter is already up to 18% of his SSD
               | lifetime, in the first three months of having an M1. We
               | had a heart to heart about how silly it was that the
               | drive will die within a year, that Apple better replace
               | it under warranty, and so on. But it's a coin toss
               | whether he'll just have to eat the cost and buy a new
               | one:
               | https://twitter.com/_wli/status/1364934834229977090?s=21
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | This is heavy load for any machine unless it's configured
               | as a bona fide workstation. Any machine, any OS (with M1
               | MacBook Air's HW configuration) would trash its SSD while
               | swapping in that case, IMHO.
               | 
               | > I'm not exactly representative, but I think the stddev
               | of usage patterns is high across developers.
               | 
               | When I'm in development mode with all cylinders firing, I
               | have a single Eclipse window in CDT perspective, a couple
               | of terminal tabs, Zeal (or Dash) for documentation and a
               | couple of firefox tabs for documentation not available in
               | Zeal.
               | 
               | Music is either supplied by a single YouTube tab or
               | Spotify, and that's it.
               | 
               | The most unfortunate component is CPU in my case. I try
               | to ooze every single bit of performance from it while
               | running the application. Memory controller comes the
               | second due to transfer operations but, I neither max out
               | the RAM or cause system to do heavy swapping.
               | 
               | I'm always kind of conscious about the hardware resources
               | of the system and minimize my resource usage habitually,
               | without killing productivity.
        
               | msie wrote:
               | This guy seems to have pinpointed the problem:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyMCoQmsv-I
               | 
               | The problem is unoptimized apps running on Rosetta2.
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | Thank you for finding this!
               | 
               | Unfortunately, and somewhat sadly, and melanchololy, I
               | must report that I've been at OS version 11.2.3 (the
               | latest) and run almost zero Rosetta apps: KeepassX,
               | Beyond Compare, and Optimal Layout; of those, Optimal
               | Layout has read 100GB, which is almost nothing.
               | 
               | In comparison, my kernel_task process is at 43TB bytes
               | written, and WindowServer is at 8TB read.
               | 
               | So, as with cancer, there are multiple contributing
               | factors, and hopefully Apple will ship an update to fix
               | it... someday.
        
               | rjzzleep wrote:
               | Well on Linux my 16GB thinkpad would thrash for more than
               | 60 seconds unless I sysrq.
        
               | oriolid wrote:
               | The surprising part is that you have attention to spare
               | for all those distractions.
        
               | cesarvarela wrote:
               | And here I am, thinking that heavy load is one node
               | instance running webpack, a sql server, vscode, Figma and
               | a few chrome tabs.
        
               | exikyut wrote:
               | I am genuinely curious how you keep track of all that.
               | Presumably this is all spread out over maybe a dozen
               | workspaces?
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | I'm reminded of the podcast ATP and the great episode
               | 'The Windows of Siracusa County'. John's window
               | management system is both baffling and amazing. It's a
               | good listen.
               | 
               | https://atp.fm/96
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | Possibly multiple desktops.
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | > 40 chrome tabs, a few of which are playing twitch
               | streams and YouTube videos
               | 
               | > around 35 macvim windows
               | 
               | You do you, but I'd wager you could probably trim some of
               | that low hanging fat
        
               | snambi wrote:
               | If I do the same in my intel Mac book pro, it not only
               | screams, burns but also slows down. honestly intel chips
               | are overrated and overpriced.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | _a few of which are playing twitch streams and YouTube
               | videos_
               | 
               | How many eyes do you have?
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Sounds like you should report it in Feedback Assistant
               | since you have an unusual workload.
        
               | amilios wrote:
               | I actually have an orthogonal issue, but I wonder if it's
               | related. When I have an external monitor connected via a
               | Thunderbolt dock, the device takes forever to wake from
               | hibernation (that is to say when I've left it on sleep
               | for several hours). i.e. 10+ seconds, which is kind of
               | ridiculous in 2021. This doesn't happen when the monitor
               | is not connected. I also have a similar amount of things
               | open as you described
        
               | thehnguy wrote:
               | This is perhaps the real genius of the M1. It's a great
               | chip and all. But when you make it the only choice,
               | people are finding the only choice is more than
               | sufficient. And now Apple only has to produce one piece
               | of silicon for their iMacs, iPad Pro, and Laptops. What a
               | boon for logistics.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | The success of the M1 is a boon for Apple, but I'm not
               | sure that only having to produce one CPU to be used
               | across all devices is where the optimization lies,
               | especially considering that Apple is selling the iPhone
               | SE with an older CPU and not simplifying by not selling
               | it.
        
               | pranavjoneja wrote:
               | Just because it's being sold today doesn't mean it's
               | actively manufactured still. They could have stockpiled
               | the older processors or have spare inventory to continue
               | meeting demand
        
               | mh8h wrote:
               | I have a 15" retina MacBook Pro from 2012, and another
               | from 2018. The one from 2012 is fine for everyday use.
               | But the difference in single core performance, and also
               | IO, is substantial. That's really important when it comes
               | to a lot of typical development work. For example Rails
               | starts at least 2x faster on the newer laptop.
        
             | ynik wrote:
             | Two years ago when I got the Lenovo e590 (Intel Core
             | i5-8265U), I benchmarked running the unit tests of my
             | project on it. (though I didn't really intend on using the
             | e590 for development) I compared against my old desktop
             | from 2010 (1st-gen Core i5-750).
             | 
             | Turns out that the old desktop won by a solid 10% margin! A
             | whole decade of new Intel generations still can't make up
             | for the disadvantage of using a mobile CPU.
             | 
             | P.S. The e590 barely survived 2 years and is dead now
             | (broken USB-C charging port).
        
             | ska wrote:
             | > I bought in January 2011 is still completely serviceable
             | for pretty
             | 
             | Isn't this essentially what Apple's observation was (and
             | hence their spec choices)?
        
             | pdimitar wrote:
             | My gaming PC is almost 10 years old and is with an i7 3770.
             | Only upgrade was a GTX 980 five or six years ago.
             | 
             | That thing _flies_ for anything and everything I put it
             | through.
             | 
             | One day I'll retire it as a gaming machine and convert it
             | to a Linux server or a casual workstation and I am sure
             | it's going to be even faster than Win10.
        
               | bitwize wrote:
               | Yeah, I have two thinkpads -- one from 2010 and one from
               | 2012. Both of them have enough grunt to get through most
               | any task, the heaviest of which is compiling large
               | codebases. One of them was my daily driver for eight
               | years; I only upgraded to a Ryzen because I wanted MOAR
               | COARS and more RAM.
               | 
               | It's funny how today's computers could theoretically
               | handle a user's workload for decades yet Apple builds
               | them to fall apart after four years. There was a
               | Hackernews story recently about a guy faffing around with
               | old 68k Macs from the late 80s, he said that those old
               | Macs were rated by Apple to last for _fifteen years_. And
               | yet they come from an era of much more rapid utility
               | decay for computer hardware, when a computer would be
               | utterly obsolete after just a few years.
        
               | anthk wrote:
               | TBH a 68040 mac would be useful in 1999.
        
               | oriolid wrote:
               | This would be more convincing if I wasn't reading it on a
               | 2013 Macbook. But yes, Big Sur is the last major update
               | available and in a few years it's going to be obsolete.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | My primary desktop is a 3770K running Linux. That CPU's
               | the unexpected beast. Just churning through what you
               | throw at it with incredible speed even for today. I
               | process RAW photos, encode some audio and develop high
               | performance scientific software on it (testing it lowers
               | my heating bills, somewhat).
               | 
               | I want to try one of the new Ryzen CPUs, but I have no
               | reason to upgrade.
        
               | jagger27 wrote:
               | I've been doing big C++ builds (think gcc, LLVM-sized
               | projects) on my Ryzen 9 5950X and I wouldn't have it any
               | other way. This thing saves me so much time every day.
               | It's so nice not to have to do remote builds to get a
               | quick prototype.
               | 
               | The best part is that it was a drop in replacement for my
               | 2700X. I already had a great Noctua air cooler so I was
               | all set.
        
               | strictnein wrote:
               | Yeah, I'd like to upgrade my gaming system (4970k and a
               | GTX1080ti) but past wanting to play at 4k and experience
               | ray tracing there is almost no reason to do so.
               | 
               | Now, if the 3080 was actually available at MSRP I'd
               | probably have upgraded, but that's at least a year away
               | from happening.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | IMO go big or go home in this case. For a gaming machine
               | I'd aim for some of the Ryzen 5000's (likely even the
               | 5700 is an overkill) and an RTX 3090 so I can play
               | 3440x1440 @ 144FPS (or maybe even 4K @ 120FPS).
               | 
               | As it is, I almost have no reason to upgrade my gaming
               | machine right now. Playing on a 21:9 wide display
               | (2560x1080) and never go below 70-80 FPS in any game.
               | Usually it's 100-120 FPS.
        
               | notJim wrote:
               | The problem with these cards is actually being able to
               | get one. Even if you've got the $2k to spend for a 3090,
               | good luck with finding stock.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | True. Right now I could only buy an RTX 3090 for 3100 EUR
               | (~3740 USD) and I am not willing to pay that much.
               | 
               | But I am happy to wait. Upgrading my gaming machine is a
               | very low prio.
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | Yep and take computer from 2001 and run it in 2011, you
             | wouldn't have been nearly as happy with the performance.
             | There have been incremental upgrades but mostly just the
             | core count which is great for handling server stuff but not
             | nearly as noticeable as Hz counts increases
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | The other main improvement in the past 10 years is the
               | power draw. You can get more than 10 hours of battery
               | life in a machine that weighs less than 3 lbs. That would
               | have been unthinkable a decade ago.
               | 
               | CPU improvements are only part of the story in making
               | that happen but the are certainly far ahead of where
               | things were in the not so distant past.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | 10 hour battery life was achievable 15 years ago on
               | Pentium M provided you under-volted, under-clocked, and
               | had a high capacity battery.
        
               | edvinbesic wrote:
               | How far does this goalpost go?
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | The point is that the technology for long life laptops
               | has been ready for a long time. It's just that Intel
               | marketing calls all the shots and they only wanted to
               | sell multicore space heaters with space heater memory to
               | sweeten the deal. With this burden on chipset side, it
               | was impossible to compensate with extra amp hours and
               | maintain portable weight.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | I have to admit this is right. Even my old 2012 i7 Mac mini
             | is still a perfectly serviceable machine to this day.
        
               | notahaterbut wrote:
               | I have a near death grip on my late 2012 Mac mini i7
               | (upgraded to 16GB and 2 1TB ssds) It has stood the test
               | of time and to me is an engineering marvel.
               | 
               | Aside from gaming it can last another 10 years.
               | 
               | For longevity, I keep it on its side and replaced the
               | bottom lid with an aluminum mesh lid. This has made it
               | near silent for 80% of my tasks (programmer centric). I
               | also regularly clean out the fan.
        
               | webmobdev wrote:
               | Same here - I was tempted to upgrade when the newer mac
               | intel models came out, but the soldered RAM / SSD
               | bullshit kept me off them. I've hear that the 2012 mac
               | mini can theoretically support 32 GB RAM (as other
               | similar i7 processor devices can) - I think I'll try that
               | 5 years down the lane for the heck of it. For now, 16 GB
               | RAM and an SSD disk make it a very capable machine, that
               | can (as you rightly pointed out) last for another decade.
        
               | city41 wrote:
               | My 2012 MacBook Pro (the very first retina model) is 100%
               | usable as daily driver. Only problem is it needs a new
               | battery.
        
               | officeplant wrote:
               | Late-2012 ivy bridge i5 Mac Mini here. For a dual core
               | machine it's really not all that bad of a daily driver
               | experience. Makes me sad that I have to spend a crazy
               | amount of money to get 16GB of ram and 1TB of SSD in a M1
               | Mini to match what I currently use. (although I
               | understand the 1TB of SSD in the M1 is vastly superior)
        
               | nemacol wrote:
               | Just for the fun of it, I tried to play WoW classic on my
               | late-2012 mac mini and it ran like a toaster oven, but it
               | worked just fine. Pretty fun. After putting the SSD in
               | it, of course.
        
               | officeplant wrote:
               | Yeah smcfancontrol is a must. I keep the fan around
               | ~3000rpm during moderate use and bump it up to 5000rpm or
               | max it out if I'm going to game or render something. I've
               | been tempted to look into TB2 to TB3 adapters and eGPU's
               | but its a janky solution to extending the life of an 8+
               | year old machine.
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | I used to play WoW on a G4 PowerBook! To be honest, it
               | was decent, but the resolution was not great. I remember
               | vividly having to look at the ground and zoom in all the
               | way just to be able to go from the bank to the AH at IF.
               | Hopefully whatever Intel GPU you have in your Mini is
               | better than the Radeon 9700 in my old laptop.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | 11-inch 2011 MacBook Air here. It's my main machine.
               | 
               | I'll turn it into a media server once Apple comes out
               | with an Mx machine with a screen of at least 15 inches.
        
             | KozmoNau7 wrote:
             | My desktop is 2010 vintage 6-core Phenom II 1100T with 16GB
             | RAM, the motherboard is officially maxed out, but I've been
             | told it can take 32GB just fine. It has been upgraded with
             | an SSD and more recently a Radeon RX560, and it really does
             | everything I need. Newer games do need lower settings, but
             | it'll motor through most games at 720p. I added a PCIe
             | USB-C interface card, so I'm not even stuck at USB 2.0
             | anymore.
             | 
             | I have considered replacing it with something smaller, now
             | that all of my files are on a NAS and I don't need room for
             | 5-6 drives in this machine. But I just don't feel like I
             | would be getting enough of an improvement over what I
             | already have, even with hefty new parts.
             | 
             | My laptop is a 2011 vintage X220i, and that is starting to
             | feel a little bit behind, mostly thanks to the i3 inside.
             | But it connects to 5GHz WiFi and is fast enough for
             | browsing and video playback, so for now it keeps on
             | truckin'.
             | 
             | Actually the best upgrade would be a decently powerful
             | 12-14" laptop paired with an eGPU dock. That setup would
             | handily replace both machines, but eGPUs just aren't a
             | mature configuration yet, especially combined with Linux.
             | Maybe in a few years.
        
           | numlock86 wrote:
           | > I think that is because the performance has been the same
           | for the past 10+ years.
           | 
           | Ah yes, the exaggerated funny phrase. On a serious note, the
           | performance difference from an i7 7th generation (7700k) to
           | an i7 10th generation (10700k) felt quite impressive.
        
             | onli wrote:
             | Not a surprise. Stronger cores and double the cores and
             | threads. And that's not a theoretical difference, they had
             | a performance uptick of up to 100% even in games [0].
             | 
             | [0]: https://www.pc-
             | kombo.com/us/benchmark/games/cpu/compare?ids%...
        
               | DCKing wrote:
               | The 7700K and 10700K use virtually the same Skylake
               | architecture cores with very minor tweaks between them.
               | The only CPU performance gains Intel made in the
               | 2015-2020 period were clock speeds, core counts and
               | support for higher memory speeds. The 7700K and 10700K
               | even share the same integrated graphics architecture.
        
               | onli wrote:
               | I think that's correct. But it is all true at the same
               | time. The cores are stronger because of the higher clock
               | they can achieve and how the turbo clock works, and the
               | higher core count does make a big difference. Higher
               | memory speed also helps (though the difference in
               | practice on Z board should be just a matter of what was
               | typically on the market). Intel UHD 630 is even usually a
               | tiny bit faster than the Intel HD 630, even if that's
               | also only from the clock difference - only now with the
               | UHD 730 and 750 did they improve things there.
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | Interesting marketing approach for sure. What I want to know are
       | the economies of scale for using a single component, both at the
       | chip fab level, the main board level, and overall product level.
       | 
       | Still seems like Apple's typical under-powered per price point
       | offerings, but does this close the price/performance gap a bit,
       | or drive higher profits at the same price points, or do they
       | really see it as just a good marketing play?
       | 
       | While it sounds nice to have one chip in different machines, what
       | is the benefit to the user who buys one machine, typically for
       | efficiency or power? I suppose in some edge cases it might be
       | nice to have a laptop with CAD-station power, but also able to
       | stream movies or edit documents for a full intercontinental
       | flight on a single battery charge?
        
       | alberth wrote:
       | ARM is not more efficient / faster because it's "newer".
       | 
       | People imply ARM is relatively new and thus could correct for the
       | misdirection x86 has gone.
       | 
       | 1978 is when x86 was introduced.
       | 
       | 1985 is when ARM was introduced.
       | 
       | ARM isn't that much newer than x86.
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_architecture
        
         | viktorcode wrote:
         | ARMv8 is new though. That's where the path to M1 started.
        
         | runeks wrote:
         | Honest question: could it be a matter of backwards
         | compatibility?
         | 
         | Intel has been piling stuff on top of old architectures in
         | order to stay backwards compatible at each step, while Apple
         | had the opportunity to develop their architecture from scratch?
         | I don't know the answer, I'm just curious.
        
         | protomyth wrote:
         | ARM 64-bit is cleaned up from the 32-bit ISA and showed up in
         | 2011.
        
         | glhaynes wrote:
         | People tend to lump them all together and just call them "ARM"
         | but the 64-bit instruction set ("AArch64") first came out in
         | 2011 and is hugely different than classical 32-bit ARM. And the
         | chips Apple makes these days don't even implement the 32-bit
         | instruction set anymore.
        
       | franciscop wrote:
       | While the M1 is great now, I'm very hopeful in what's to come. If
       | Apple can maintain even a bit of their current improvements year
       | over year, in 2-3 years it just won't make sense to use anything
       | else; see this graph to know what I mean:
       | 
       | https://miro.medium.com/max/1356/1*_aVjpbyBkMq-KIY8kbbP_w.pn...
       | 
       | Even if Intel can catch up somehow, it'll take years to catch up
       | to this, and by then it'd be too late. The only reason why Apple
       | will not win is that they bundle software and hardware too
       | strongly. This some times and for some markets is a big strength,
       | but other times it's a weakness IMHO.
        
         | f6v wrote:
         | > The only reason why Apple will not win is that they bundle
         | software and hardware too strongly.
         | 
         | That is the major reason M1 is having such a momentum. I was
         | pretty skeptical that niche x86 FORTRAN R extensions would work
         | on M1. But here we are, Rosetta made it the smoothest ride
         | possible. Now look at Microsoft and their Surface Pro X.
        
           | franciscop wrote:
           | Yes, it's great to grab a big chunk of the market, but it'll
           | limit then to grab the whole market IMHO.
        
       | sto_hristo wrote:
       | Make it as fabulous as much as you want, $1700 for an 8 core, 8
       | gigs of ram machine is just one plain fabulous joke. This in the
       | time when 16 gigs ram is the baseline if you plan to do anything
       | more than facebook and instagram.
        
         | thefz wrote:
         | Don't forget the entry-level 256GB SSD. With 1TB drives around
         | 90EUR at retail.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | Apple always nickel-and-dimes storage. Overpriced storage is
           | how they make probably 5-10% of their hardware profits.
           | 
           | iPhone still have 64GB as their base storage in 2021...
        
             | martin8412 wrote:
             | The default is 128GB..
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | LOL: https://www.apple.com/iphone-12/specs/
        
               | thehnguy wrote:
               | Only on the pro's. The base iPhones still start at 64GB.
               | But that's a heck of an improvement from a couple years
               | back when the entry was 16 GB!
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | This laptop does Visual C++ and C# development in Web, UWP and
         | Win32 just fine with 8 GB.
         | 
         | Ah, and I also do stuff in Java/Eclipse/Nebeans, D and Rust
         | equally fine.
        
         | PartiallyTyped wrote:
         | I don't disagree that 8GiB for $1700 machine is absurd,
         | however, I feel compelled to point out that MacOS is
         | significantly more aggressive with memory compression than
         | other operating systems and they come with blazingly fast SSDs,
         | allowing devices to get away with less available memory.
        
           | runeks wrote:
           | A blazingly fast SSD is excruciatingly slow RAM.
        
             | kaba0 wrote:
             | In-memory memory compression is the most meaningful part of
             | what parent comment said. And it helps tremendously on
             | other systems as well, for example zram is quite underhyped
             | on linux.
        
               | rogers18445 wrote:
               | zram is a game changer. I believed I needed to upgrade
               | 16gb to 32gb, with zram and a decent cpu no I don't. 97%
               | full memory + 20GB zram swap and no noticeable problems.
        
             | PartiallyTyped wrote:
             | I am trying to figure out where I said anything on the
             | contrary.
        
               | matkoniecz wrote:
               | You mentioned "they come with blazingly fast SSDs" as
               | part of what is "allowing devices to get away with less
               | available memory"
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | I did indeed, I never said that SSDs are a replacement
               | for RAM, I just said that having access to 2.5GiB/s RW
               | operations allows you to offload many things into the
               | SSD, yes, thrashing is an issue, but it is much more
               | insignificant at those speeds than disks.
               | 
               | I am not defending apple in any way whatsoever, I even
               | mentioned in the first sentence of the comment. I stated
               | that they are able to do that because they compensate
               | with compression and SSDs, applications in the background
               | can be thrown in the swap and the user will rarely
               | notice.
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | 2.5GB/s isn't really all that extraordinary speed
               | anymore.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | The part you're skipping over is the memory compression,
               | which is much more important than you think it is.
        
               | kamranjon wrote:
               | I think they are saying that you will start swapping to
               | disk with that little ram.
        
             | znpy wrote:
             | I don't even bother reasoning with apple fans anymore. It's
             | a losing game.
        
               | PartiallyTyped wrote:
               | It's not even an argument, their comment is a fact that
               | does not change nor contribute anything.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | The M1 SoC interconnects are what makes their SSD seem like
             | swapping to disk doesn't even feel slow.
        
           | jeswin wrote:
           | > and they come with blazingly fast SSDs...
           | 
           | Actually, they're somewhat slow compared to the competition.
           | 
           | A 500GB M1 SSD gives you about 3.1GB/s of write and 2.75GB/s
           | of read performance [1]. In comparison - a $219 Samsung 980
           | Pro benchmarks at 4.2GB/s of write and 5.2GB/s of read
           | performance [2]. Both on Disk Test from Black Magic.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.reddit.com/r/mac/comments/k2lhi8/ssd_speedte
           | st_o...
           | 
           | [2]: https://www.servethehome.com/samsung-980-pro-500gb-pcie-
           | gen4....
        
             | PartiallyTyped wrote:
             | Oh wow, Gen4 NVMes are really fast. Thanks for the link!
        
           | emptyfile wrote:
           | > blazingly fast SSDs
           | 
           | So like, 2 times as fast as any other SSD? No? The comment
           | reads like marketing spiel.
        
             | PartiallyTyped wrote:
             | 2.5GiB random RW per sec [1].
             | 
             | [1] https://www.macrumors.com/2020/11/16/apple-silicon-
             | macbook-a...
        
               | necovek wrote:
               | What makes you think it's random RW?
               | 
               | Fastest SSDs barely reach 200MiB/s on 4k block random
               | writes (reads are usually slower, likely because they
               | can't be cached if they are truly random):
               | 
               | - 124MB/s for Samsung 980 Pro
               | (https://www.servethehome.com/samsung-980-pro-500gb-pcie-
               | gen4...) - 211MB/s for Sabrent Rocket 4 Plus
               | (https://www.servethehome.com/sabrent-rocket-4-plus-2tb-
               | revie...) - 171MB/s for Intel 670p
               | (https://www.servethehome.com/intel-670p-2tb-m-2-nvme-
               | ssd-rev...)
               | 
               | 32/64 queue depths generally do not apply to desktop
               | computing since you are unlikely to read that many file
               | streams simultaneously (or rather, your one program that
               | you care about right now might be loading only a few
               | files at once, which is what you'd perceive as the SSD
               | speed: the fact that OS services might be accessing other
               | stuff in the background does not help much there).
        
               | danieldk wrote:
               | BlackMagic tests video workloads using sequential
               | reads/swrites. 2.2/2.7 GiB/s is pretty average for a
               | modern NVMe SSD. Even consumer-level Samsung NVMe SSDs
               | are faster.
        
         | iSnow wrote:
         | I am not sure what the end-game for releasing those under-
         | powered machines is, tbh. I am a bit more extreme in that I am
         | not buying any machine below 32GB given RAM is no longer
         | upgradable, but even if my mom came and asked me about those
         | iMacs, I'd tell her to not buy.
         | 
         | It's a shame that Apple is so great at greenwashing and at the
         | same time spits on every way they could help create truly
         | sustainable products by just dropping a few percent of their
         | bottom line.
        
           | throwawayzRUU6f wrote:
           | Reading this discussion thread makes one psychological quirk
           | clear. People, even well informed professionals, are rarely
           | comparing Apple to the best available alternative on the
           | market (arguably Ryzen U line processors). They're comparing
           | 2021 Apple products to their last experience with an
           | alternative, which for many ppl stuck in Apple's ecosystem
           | could very well be from 2010.
           | 
           | So what's Apple's end-game? Milking (predominately US)
           | professional class in perpetuity. It's not like they're going
           | to switch, especially if they perceive the alternative to be
           | sluggish heavy bricks whose battery barely lasts 2 hours. For
           | sales, perception is more important than reality.
        
             | read_if_gay_ wrote:
             | > Reading this discussion thread makes one psychological
             | quirk clear.
             | 
             | Is that so clear? It sounds more like a huge assumption to
             | me. It's not like having an Apple laptop makes it
             | impossible to see how the competition is doing. Doubly so
             | for people with friends in tech.
        
           | thefz wrote:
           | > I am not sure what the end-game for releasing those under-
           | powered machines is, tbh
           | 
           | The lowest and highest tier exist only to shift consumers
           | towards the middle tier, where Apple profits the most and
           | where lies less value for the consumer. It is a marketing
           | strategy invented by Apple IIRC (it's been a long time since
           | my marketing exam).
        
             | iSnow wrote:
             | I know, but AFAIK those new iMacs ALL feature just 8GB of
             | RAM? There isn't really a middle-tier, that what makes it
             | so weird. you'd expect one machine with top SSD and 16 GB
             | (and space grey, lol).
             | 
             | Probably going to be the next iteration of the 27" iMac,
             | spanning from 8GB/256GB (LOL) to 16 GB/1TB or something.
        
               | tempay wrote:
               | You can upgrade them to 16GB. Having been developing
               | heavy applications in a M1 Mac mini for since they were
               | released they're definitely adequate for most users.
               | Obviously some people need ~100 cores and ~1TB of ram
               | (myself included for other parts of my job) but that
               | segment is always going to be better served by companies
               | other than Apple.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | > AFAIK those new iMacs ALL feature just 8GB of RAM?
               | 
               | No. But people are confused because the RAM is
               | (annoyingly though not entirely nonsensically) tied to
               | the SSD.
        
               | Toutouxc wrote:
               | I don't think it is. They usually offer a couple of
               | configurations at different prices, but you can get a BTO
               | machine with just the upgrades you want. The SSD+RAM are
               | tied together in the new M1 iPad.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | Ah you're right, i'm the one who confused the two and
               | remembered the weird setup of the iPad, the iMac's Tech
               | Specs page does just state "8GB (configurable to 16GB)"
               | for the entire range (whereas it's quite clear that the
               | "low end" iMac with only 7 GPU cores can only be BTO'd to
               | 1TB SSD, versus 2 for the 8-cores).
        
             | MobileVet wrote:
             | The strategy is called 'anchoring'
             | 
             | I had no idea it was invented by Apple. That feels a little
             | too recent...
        
             | czzr wrote:
             | Of course it wasn't invented by Apple, that would be
             | ridiculous.
             | 
             | It was actually invented by Goldilocks.
        
           | dr-detroit wrote:
           | We are in a period of technological regress it is well
           | documented that the trend is to power down your devices and
           | make your computer into a passive experience like TV
        
           | theshrike79 wrote:
           | Apple has WAY more statistics about what kind of computers
           | people buy and use.
           | 
           | I'm pretty sure they're not nickle & diming people with 8GB
           | RAM M1 machines, someone somewhere has calculated that as
           | being enough for most users.
           | 
           | HN hardly is the place to compare what is "min spec" :)
           | 
           | (As I'm writing this, my i7 MBP sounds like a jet taking off,
           | CPU capped near 100%. Normal day at the office.)
        
           | thehnguy wrote:
           | I think that's a bit dramatic. I'm using a 16GB M1 Macbook
           | Pro as my daily driver doing standard, boring professional
           | work (lots of email, tabs open, PDF manipulation, Word,
           | Excel, etc). It performs as well if not better than the 2018
           | Macbook Pro it replaced with 32 GB of RAM and an i7. And it
           | cost less than that one.
           | 
           | The iMac will perform comparably (probably a bit better due
           | to better thermals). My point is that these are not _bad_
           | machines and I don 't see why you'd steer someone away from
           | them. However, the price is still quite high compared to
           | other manufacturers and options. But that's always been the
           | case.
        
         | paulpan wrote:
         | I wonder if Apple's strategy is to push macOS developers to
         | optimize for certain SOC cadences, rather than having to
         | traditionally target every system configuration possible.
         | Therefore they opted to only have limited SKUs of the M1: only
         | differentiated by RAM and GPU cores.
         | 
         | Analogy is gaming consoles - the hardware is fixed for X years
         | so game developers know exactly what to target and make better
         | looking & performing games over the cycle of that console.
         | Compared to, say, Windows 10 that has to run on an almost
         | infinite number of hardware configurations.
         | 
         | This is actually similar to their approach to iOS and iPhones -
         | iOS versions span across multiple iPhone cycles, but they are
         | limits. For example, iOS 13 was supported on iPhones 6S thru
         | iPhone 11, or the A9 thru the A13 SOCs. There's probably some
         | correlation between good performance and the tight SOC-to-OS
         | coupling.
         | 
         | We'll likely see similar, limited configurations for future
         | Apple M* SOCs.
        
         | nojito wrote:
         | > This in the time when 16 gigs ram is the baseline if you plan
         | to do anything more than facebook and instagram.
         | 
         | You'd be shocked looking at any telemetry data which says that
         | the average ram is 8gb and average ram use is ~50% or so.
        
           | astrange wrote:
           | RAM use should always be 100% for reasonable definitions of
           | "use". There's always more disk pages to be cached unless the
           | machine has just booted. If they're not all being used, it
           | means something temporarily flushed all the pages which is
           | actually a bad thing.
        
             | runeks wrote:
             | I think it's reasonable to assume that OP was talking about
             | user space applications, not kernel disk cache.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Adding up the memory use of apps isn't actually a good
               | way to calculate RAM needs though. It undercounts
               | (because file caching matters too) and overcounts
               | (because many things are fine swapped out).
        
           | GordonS wrote:
           | I'd believe that - because the average user likely doesn't do
           | anything more than Facebook, Instagram, general browsing,
           | word processing etc.
           | 
           | I'd also believe it, since the number of laptops available
           | with only 8GB of RAM is ridiculous - I swear it's because
           | _more_ prevelant in the past few years, presumably because of
           | RAM prices.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | I bought a new machine last year that came with 8GB and ordered
         | a 16GB upgrade for it which didn't arrive for a few weeks. I
         | literally just now remembered I've never got round to
         | installing it.
        
         | ghshephard wrote:
         | The 8 gigabyte machine is fine for 90% of people. I've
         | recommended just getting that platform to a number of people,
         | and none of them have had issues.
         | 
         | I've got an 8 Gigabyte MBAir, and it never stutters. Meanwhile,
         | on my 16 GByte Dell XPS (Ubuntu 20.04) - I routinely live in
         | fear of exceeding my chrome tab quota because I know it will
         | bring the system to a crashing halt. Somewhere around 45 is the
         | point it all comes down.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, I don't even think about how many safari tabs I have
         | open (hundred+) - and 8-10 applications open at the same time.
         | 
         | Different operating system has different models of swapping and
         | degrading performance. Apple has nailed it.
        
           | intergalplan wrote:
           | Safari vs. Chrome (or Firefox) is one part of why I can get
           | so much more mileage out of a Mac's memory than I can under
           | Linux or Windows. It's _wildly_ more respectful of system
           | resources, across the board--memory, processor cycles, and
           | battery.
           | 
           | The rest of their software's mostly like that, too, with the
           | possible exception of Xcode. I often forget Preview with a
           | half-dozen PDFs is open, and Pages with a document, and
           | Numbers. I wouldn't forget a single tab of Google Docs under
           | Chrome, left open for weeks, because it would _make itself
           | known_ in system responsiveness and battery use. Ditto MS
           | Office. Mac Terminal 's got notably lower input latency than
           | _most_ other terminal emulators, especially featureful ones.
           | 
           | Apple, seemingly almost uniquely among major software
           | vendors, gives a shit about performance, and it shows. I
           | really, really wish they had competitors, but in so many ways
           | they're the _only_ ones doing what they do, to the point that
           | they can make periodic serious blunders and I 'm left going,
           | "yeah, but what else am I gonna buy, that won't have a
           | 'normal' that's overall-worse than Apple's 'broken'?"
        
         | refactor_master wrote:
         | Space and specs are becoming more and more meaningless to me,
         | as all programming work is offloaded to the cloud anyway.
         | 
         | Yet I have a gigantic laptop that does nothing but produce heat
         | from opening python scripts.
        
         | Tehnix wrote:
         | I just went from a 32GB RAM Macbook Pro to an 8GB RAM M1
         | Macbook Air...the difference is insane, I don't know what the
         | hell the MB Pro is doing with its RAM, but it just felt like
         | RAM was never enough on Intel Macbooks. Here on the M1, I don't
         | feel my system crawling to a halt like I did on the MB Pro, and
         | I'm doing the same workloads.
        
           | thehnguy wrote:
           | Exactly. It's not an apples-to-apples comparison. 8GB of M1
           | RAM is very different than 32GB of standard DIMM-like RAM.
           | 
           | Sort of like when people compare nm of processes on the
           | chips. You can't just say "oh, their number is smaller, it
           | must be better."
           | 
           | To be sure a device with 16GB of M1 RAM should be more
           | competent than 8GB of M1 RAM, but now that's apples to
           | apples.
        
             | runeks wrote:
             | > 8GB of M1 RAM is very different than 32GB of standard
             | DIMM-like RAM.
             | 
             | Go on... What's the nature of this great difference?
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | At this point, I don't think that's entirely clear.
               | Something to do with the way Apple has tightly integrated
               | the SoC parts and the OS's memory management lets them
               | get massively more performance out of much lower-specced
               | machines, and at least from what I've seen, no one has
               | yet managed to truly unravel all that makes this
               | possible.
        
             | bredren wrote:
             | I'm interested in this because I have a maxed 2018 intel
             | mac mini and loaded it to 64gb of RAM. I want to ditch my
             | eGPU and go to Apple Silicon on the next release.
             | 
             | I wonder if the memory performance should be so surprising.
             | Because haven't people been bemoaning the "low" amount of
             | ram in iPhone / iPad?
             | 
             | iPhone had 4GB on XS, and 11. And only went to 6GB on the
             | Pro models. Yet the performance and benchmarking on these
             | devices has seemed to garner praise with each successive
             | generation.
             | 
             | https://www.macrumors.com/2020/10/14/how-much-ram-
             | iphone-12-...
        
           | stepbeek wrote:
           | I've just made a similar switch I went from a Pro (2018 i9
           | Pro with 32GiB of RAM) to an M1 Air with 16GiB of RAM and its
           | ridiculous.
           | 
           | I've tried to look up what this difference might be, but all
           | I've found is a hand-wavey answer about it being an SOC. If
           | someone can ELI5 then I'd be super appreciative.
        
             | Anther wrote:
             | My feeling is that as everything is on chip, things are
             | physically closer - less lanes on the motherboard - so
             | latency from tasks is lessened. I would not have guessed it
             | would be such a difference though.
        
         | raxxorrax wrote:
         | I have an M1 from work (which I now mainly use for private
         | stuff...) and it does have 16gb memory. It did cost a bit less
         | than $1700 (after taxes) I believe, although I am not sure. I
         | know it has some upgraded gpu compared to the standard model in
         | some form, but didn't know about the memory.
         | 
         | As for the device: It is neat, but not revolutionary to any
         | degree. I do paint and model and can run blender/krita just
         | fine, it is even quite performant. This is through emulation, I
         | don't have native builds for arm. Maybe those have become
         | available in the meantime, but you don't notice the emulation
         | at all.
         | 
         | But it won't be the end of x86 in my opinion. Why would it?
        
           | thehnguy wrote:
           | The M1 isn't what kills x86 (if it ever does completely). ARM
           | kills x86.
           | 
           | Microsoft is working on the ARM transition. ARM has good
           | control of mobile hardware. And Apple will be only selling
           | ARM hardware (in the form of Apple Silicon) in another 12-18
           | months.
           | 
           | M1 and Apple Silicon are just part of the trend.
        
             | macintux wrote:
             | > Microsoft is working on the ARM transition.
             | 
             | And has been for years. Unlike Apple they don't have the
             | ability (or the courage) to tell their partners to get on
             | the train or get out of their way.
             | 
             | It's not obvious they'll ever be able to leave x86 behind.
        
             | raxxorrax wrote:
             | The main feature for me isn't the ARM, it is that the
             | device is passively cooled and still very performant. If
             | that isn't possible with x68, ARM might have a chance
             | perhaps. But 99% of my time is still spend on that
             | platform.
             | 
             | I just wish I could install Linux.... If MS and Apple just
             | provide their locked down environments, it will never be
             | more to me than a neat device and I would still
             | crosscompile instead of binding myself to a manufacturer.
        
               | rswail wrote:
               | I ran Linux for years on laptops/desktops/servers, doing
               | OLTP software that does millions txns/day. I adopted
               | Linux back when Solaris was the way to go for backends.
               | 
               | But moved to Mac (and OSX) about 8 years ago.
               | 
               | I don't get the "locked down" thing. On my current macs
               | (a 2020 iMac and a 2015 MBP) I run Macports that lets me
               | install pretty much every bit of userland software that I
               | want. I also get the advantages of the MacOS gui
               | environment and the availability of most "user" software.
               | 
               | Yes SIP and the new sandboxes lock down the MacOS part of
               | the system, and things like VPNs (eg Wireguard) need to
               | get a dev cert and distribution from Apple.
               | 
               | But the "lockdown" is very lightweight. There's nothing I
               | can't do on this devices that I used to do on my Linux
               | environments.
               | 
               | If I truly need a "native" Linux, then there are a number
               | of VM and container environments also available.
        
               | raxxorrax wrote:
               | But there is no technical reason for it being locked
               | down. I don't want to subject myself to more of this,
               | which would be the result if I get dependent on it. Why
               | would I? There are only disadvantages if I don't want to
               | sell software for the ecosystem.
               | 
               | I do some low level system developing and I doubt I would
               | ever switch to MacOS for this. Higher level software?
               | Maybe, but as I said, why give Apple any handle here and
               | these sandboxes don't provide security for me. I will
               | also not get a dev cert from anyone, that is just
               | something that will never happen.
        
               | my123 wrote:
               | Then just turn SIP off via csrutil disable.
               | 
               | You can then debug anything, load unsigned kernel
               | modules...
        
               | robthebrew wrote:
               | http://vaibhavkaushal.com/ubuntu-focal-on-apple-
               | silicon-m1/
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | That ARM is on the cusp of finally dethroning x86, is
             | really, for me, amazing me that Intel has kept it dominant
             | for so long (3+ decades).
             | 
             | Partially it's amazing they remained on top, and also
             | partially that they never managed to cannibalize their own
             | success (like Apple and later Microsoft have done).
        
         | Toutouxc wrote:
         | > 16 gigs ram is the baseline if you plan to do anything more
         | than facebook and instagram
         | 
         | Just stop.
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | So my sister does professional photography, and went from a
         | 16GB MacBook Pro(2016) to an 8GB Air, and reports no decrease
         | of productivity - quite the opposite, in her experience all
         | Adobe programs run much faster, and the machine is quieter and
         | lighter to boot. So yeah, I'm not sure - maybe the ram amount
         | isn't as a big deal as people make it out to be. On the other
         | hand I'm a C++ programer and my workstation has 128GB of ram
         | and I wouldn't accept any less.....so obviously it varies.
        
           | presentation wrote:
           | Web developer, I had an 8GB M1 MacBook Air and if I ran
           | vscode with my 50kish typescript codebase and dev server for
           | api and frontend + native postgres and redis at the same time
           | I'd be right at the limit of my machine slowing to unusable
           | levels. Switched it for a 16GB one and I've never had any
           | noticeable performance issues since.
        
             | _fat_santa wrote:
             | I think the efficiency of the new M1 is what blows everyone
             | away.
             | 
             | When the M1 first came out I was super super skeptical,
             | seemed like an under powered chip compared to what's in the
             | x86 world.
             | 
             | Now I'm convinced that it's got some magic inside it.
             | Everyone I've talked to said it chews throw whatever they
             | throw at it.
             | 
             | I'm consistently floored by Apple's ability to innovate.
        
               | Solstinox wrote:
               | It's funny you say "innovate." They certainly innovated
               | with the M1, but with one key difference. They did so in
               | public, step-by-step over the course of a decade.
               | 
               | Perhaps more than any other Apple innovation, we have the
               | greatest visibility into the process with the M1.
        
               | bredren wrote:
               | I consider ability to perform open development of future
               | products a key differentiator for Apple.
               | 
               | Like Jobs said in his Stanford speech, "You can't connect
               | the dots looking forward; you can only connect them
               | looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots
               | will somehow connect in your future."
               | 
               | It seems like Apple uniquely combines open development of
               | technology in known products with secrecy around new
               | product development.
               | 
               | This allows people to be so surprised by the M1, when the
               | late AX processors were obviously pointing toward massive
               | capability.
               | 
               | I believe there are other examples of this happening--
               | specifically with the Apple Watch.
               | 
               | On that product, the size limitations combined with
               | increasing expectations of performance and functionality
               | have allowed Apple learn and improve production-
               | capability in many areas that will be in any forthcoming
               | AR/VR products.
        
           | dmos62 wrote:
           | > I'm a C++ programer and my workstation has 128GB of ram and
           | I wouldn't accept any less
           | 
           | What on earth are you programming?
        
             | dundercoder wrote:
             | >What on earth are you programming?
             | 
             | Earth. He is programming the earth.
        
             | shaan7 wrote:
             | One example is linking QtWebEngine (basically Chromium)
             | which can sometimes take upwards of 64 GB of RAM.
        
               | zaphirplane wrote:
               | How did chrome eat safari's launch when they were both
               | based on WebKit. amazing !
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | AAA video games do that for you :P Well, it isn't the
             | programming part that uses the ram(although yes, building
             | our codebase takes about 40 minutes and uses gigabytes of
             | ram without using distributed build), but just starting up
             | local server + client + editor easily uses 80-100GB of ram
             | since _ALL_ of the assets are loaded in.
        
               | hiq wrote:
               | Did you have the chance to try your setup on an M1? If it
               | worked for your sister, although you seem to have way
               | higher requirements, is there anything to say it wouldn't
               | work for you?
               | 
               | I'm asking because I read a lot of comments when it was
               | released that it just doesn't need as much RAM because
               | $REASONS. I wouldn't put my money on this, but I'm
               | curious if this assumption holds water now that people
               | have had time to try it out.
               | 
               | Edit: there are such comments further down the thread
               | where it seems to still be a mystery:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26913643
               | 
               | So I'd really like to know where this magic breaks down:
               | if you're used to 128GB or RAM, will the M1 feel
               | sluggish?
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | I doubt it's possible to try a AAA dev setup on OSX at
               | all, and, for whatever it's worth 64G workstations were
               | "hand-me-downs" at my previous gig (AAA gamedev), I doubt
               | there's much magic that can make "64 gig is not nearly
               | enough" go to "16G is fine"
        
               | ianai wrote:
               | I'd suggest people just get the larger ram unless they're
               | tight on budget. I know Apple's trying to argue otherwise
               | and people will agree with them. But I can't hear it as
               | anything other than thinking molded to fit a prior
               | decision. For what it's worth, and not scientific, but
               | reported "percent used" statistics seem to grow slower
               | for the 16 gig models than the 8 gig models (from the
               | smart utils).
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Well, 100% of my development tools are Windows only so I
               | can't really give it a try, sorry :-)
        
               | darknavi wrote:
               | When VS decides to disk bomb you or uses literally 120GB
               | of ram because its auto scaling trips up.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I'm equal parts happy and terrified that MS announced x64
               | version of VS recently, because I know it will just mean
               | VS can now scale infinitely. At least right now the core
               | process has to stay within the 4GB limit :P
        
             | BunsanSpace wrote:
             | Large code bases in an IDE, program dumps, large
             | applications (the software I write will gladly use 10-20gb
             | in some use cases), VMs, large ML training sets, &c.
             | 
             | 128gb is likely overkill, but I can see a use case
             | depending on what you're doing.
        
               | wombat-man wrote:
               | I think everyone should get more ram than they think
               | they'll ever need. 32 gigs is that number for me, but if
               | I thought I'd get even close to using 64 gigs, might as
               | well go for 128.
        
             | choeger wrote:
             | He won't know until all the templates are instantiated...
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | That's a fantastic joke, thank you :D
        
               | qshaman wrote:
               | Lol monster
        
           | havernator wrote:
           | In ~2018 I briefly used an old 4GB MacBook Pro for work. It
           | was only untenable longer-term because I needed to run two
           | electron apps or many-hundreds-of-MB-memory tabs at a time,
           | sometimes.
        
           | cigaser wrote:
           | That machine is using swap file a lot, in couple of years SSD
           | will die.
        
             | nisegami wrote:
             | Pretty sure that Apple considers this a feature.
        
               | Toutouxc wrote:
               | Funny. Except there are fully supported MacBooks from
               | 2013 running the latest version of macOS, still on their
               | first battery, still bringing people joy and
               | productivity.
        
               | leoc wrote:
               | Late-2013 MBPs still came with replaceable storage unlike
               | the M1 Macs, no?
        
               | asoneth wrote:
               | Or in my case, a 2012 MacBook Air. I hope they'll support
               | Catalina for another three or four years or at which
               | point it's more than a decade old and can finally mature
               | into a laptop's final stage of life as a Linux machine.
        
               | officeplant wrote:
               | They tend to support OS releases for three years.
               | Catalina EOL is likely to be sometime in 2022.
        
               | codydh wrote:
               | Yup. My personal machine is a base Late 2013 15" MacBook
               | Pro (8GB RAM). Original battery, original storage, it saw
               | very heavy usage up until a a couple of years ago. Still
               | fast, decent battery.
        
           | arvinsim wrote:
           | Web Developer here. Wouldn't accept anything less than 32GB
           | for a work machine.
        
             | maigret wrote:
             | Now I know why all the websites I use are so slow :D
        
               | octorian wrote:
               | And why some of my past upgrades were driven by the web
               | browser over-taxing the machine on certain sites, while
               | nearly everything else was perfectly performant with
               | absolutely no complaints.
        
               | mehphp wrote:
               | haha so true
        
               | tazjin wrote:
               | You joke, but I think this is actually true. If companies
               | gave their developers of client-facing software slower
               | computers the resulting software would end up being
               | faster.
        
               | shynrou wrote:
               | Yep because they would not get anything done ;)
               | 
               | In my experience as a web dev, all the performance goes
               | out the window as soon as the tracking scripts are added.
        
               | sevencolors wrote:
               | I had nearly a perfect Lighthouse score until the
               | marketing team added GTM
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | It's not the end product itself that eats huge amounts of
               | RAM or CPU. It's the dev tooling.
        
               | tazjin wrote:
               | We must be using very different websites.
        
               | pdimitar wrote:
               | Obviously a lot of the modern web is crazy and many sites
               | are pretty heavy on resource usage.
               | 
               | It's still not comparable with your average developer
               | tooling in terms of footprint, was my point.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | I don't think it's the developers who are the problem. In
               | my experience, they're usually the ones advocating to
               | spend time improving performance.
               | 
               | PMs and executives are the ones you should give slow
               | machines to if you want more focus on performance.
        
               | lghh wrote:
               | But it would take them an order of magnitude longer to
               | ship it. `npm install` even on a fast machine is a slog.
        
               | tazjin wrote:
               | > `npm install` even on a fast machine is a slog
               | 
               | It may not be with fewer and less heavy dependencies!
        
             | ComodoHacker wrote:
             | Anyone remembers the times when "web development" was
             | something you could do on a pretty any computer available?
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | But have you benchmarked your workflow on x86+32GB vs
             | M1+8GB?
        
               | whywhywhywhy wrote:
               | End of the day the Intel Macbooks of the last few years
               | have been terrible low performance processors that get
               | thermal constrained and have abysmal inconsistent battery
               | life. So if all you use is Macs the M1 is going to feel
               | amazing.
        
               | scoopertrooper wrote:
               | I'm typing this response on a 8GB M1. It's great, but its
               | no magic. Its limitations do start to show in memory
               | intensive and heavily multi-threaded workloads.
               | 
               | Getting some down votes, which I attribute to reasonable
               | skepticism, so hopefully this will allay your concerns.
               | 
               | https://ibb.co/VM4Z1DY
        
               | hiq wrote:
               | > memory intensive and heavily multi-threaded workloads
               | 
               | Such as?
        
             | Toutouxc wrote:
             | Another webdev here. My second dev machine has 8 GB RAM and
             | works fine for my purposes. JetBrains IDE, MariaDB, Puma,
             | browser.
        
               | ascagnel_ wrote:
               | Throwing in some more anecdata:
               | 
               | - 16GB MBP (Intel, not M1) - Running MacVim w/ coc.vim &
               | coc-tsserver (so it's running partial TS compiles on
               | save, much like VSCode)
               | 
               | - One image running in Docker
               | 
               | - Slack, Zoom (at idle), Safari (with a handful of tabs),
               | and Mail.app running as well
               | 
               | Per Activity Monitor, 8.97GB of 16.00GB is used with
               | 4.97GB marked as "Cached Files" and another 2.04GB of
               | swap used.
        
             | cj wrote:
             | (Curious) why? VScode, Chrome, and a terminal running a
             | local server usually will do fine with 16gb or less. Are
             | you testing with or querying massive data sets locally or
             | something?
        
               | kzrdude wrote:
               | Chrome can fill all your ram, just add more tabs (I'm
               | usually at 100-200+ unfortunately).
               | 
               | With Firefox and auto tab suspend (addon), it's
               | manageable.
        
             | GordonS wrote:
             | Yep, if you're running big IDEs (e.g. Rider/IntelliJ,
             | Visual Studio), containers and VMs, 32GB is really a must.
             | There always seem to be people in these threads claiming
             | that 16GB or even 8GB is enough - I just don't understand
             | how that could possibly be for most of the HN demographic.
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | I don't understand how a demographic as technically
               | intelligent as HN could make the flawed assumption that
               | GBs of RAM in isolation of the entire system is all that
               | matters. Consider the fact that iOS devices ship with
               | half the RAM of Android devices and feel as responsive,
               | have better battery life, and have better performance.
               | 
               | The Apple stack is better optimized to take advantage of
               | the hardware they have. Indeed, one of the reasons is
               | because they have so few SKUs to worry about it focuses
               | the engineering team (for example, in the past,
               | internally engineers would complain about architectural
               | design missteps that couldn't be fixed because 32bit
               | support wasn't dropped yet and was pushed out yet another
               | year). Now, obviously in a laptop use-case this is
               | trickier since the source code is the same as the x86
               | version. It's possible that the ARM code generation was
               | much more space efficient (using -Oz instead of
               | previously likely set at -O3). It's also possible that
               | they have migrated over to iOS frameworks in an even
               | greater part than they were able to in the past,
               | leveraging RAM optimizations that hadn't been ported to
               | macos). There could also be RAM usage optimizations baked
               | around knowing you will always have a blazing fast NVME
               | drive. Now you may not even need to keep data cached
               | around and can just load straight from disk. Sure, not
               | all workloads might fit (and if running x86 emulation the
               | RAM hit might be worse). For a lot of use cases though,
               | even many dev ones, it's clearly enough. I wouldn't be
               | surprised if Apple used telemetry to make an intelligent
               | bet around the amount of RAM they'd need.
        
               | GordonS wrote:
               | > I don't understand how a demographic as technically
               | intelligent as HN could make the flawed assumption that
               | GBs of RAM in isolation of the entire system is all that
               | matters
               | 
               | I didn't claim it was all that matters, and I haven't
               | seen anyone else do that either.
               | 
               | I do take the point of the rest of your comment though,
               | and it may well be the case that Apple does some clever
               | stuff. But realistically there is only so far that
               | optimisations can take it - DDR4 is DDR4, and it's the
               | _workload_ that makes the most difference.
               | 
               | > I wouldn't be surprised if Apple used telemetry to make
               | an intelligent bet around the amount of RAM they'd need.
               | 
               | Your average Apple user is likely not a developer though
               | (as others are very often pointing out on HN, whenever
               | they make non-dev-friendly hardware choices).
               | Furthermore, I would think such telemetry would be a
               | self-fulfilling prophecy; if you have a pitiful 8GB of
               | RAM, you're not going to punish yourself by trying to run
               | workloads you know it wouldn't support.
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | > But realistically there is only so far that
               | optimizations can take it - DDR4 is DDR4, and it's the
               | workload that makes the most difference.
               | 
               | Except the M1 is a novel UMA architecture where the GPU &
               | CPU share RAM. There's all sorts of architectural
               | improvements you get out of that where you can void
               | memory transfers wholesale. There's no "texture upload"
               | phase & reading back data from the GPU is just as fast as
               | sending data to the GPU. Wouldn't surprise me if they
               | leveraged that heavily to get improvements across the SW
               | stack. The CPU cache architecture also plays a big role
               | in the actual performance of your RAM. Although
               | admittedly maybe the M1 doesn't have any special sauce
               | here that I've seen, just responding to your claim that
               | "DDR4 is DDR4" (relatedly, DDR4 comes in different speeds
               | SKUs).
               | 
               | > Your average Apple user is likely not a developer
               | though (as others are very often pointing out on HN,
               | whenever they make non-dev-friendly hardware choices).
               | Furthermore, I would think such telemetry would be a
               | self-fulfilling prophecy; if you have a pitiful 8GB of
               | RAM, you're not going to punish yourself by trying to run
               | workloads you know it wouldn't support.
               | 
               | No one is going to model things as "well users aren't
               | using that much yet". You're going to look at RAM usage
               | growth in the past 12 years & blend that with known
               | industry movements to get a prediction of where you'll
               | need to target. It's also important to remember that RAM
               | isn't free (not looking at the $). I don't know if it
               | matters as much for laptop use-cases as much but for
               | mobile phones you 100% care about having as little RAM as
               | you can get away with on your system since it dominates
               | your idle power. For laptop/iMac use-cases I would
               | imagine they're more concerned with heat dissipation
               | since this RAM is part of the CPU package. RAM size does
               | matter for the iPad's battery life & I bet the limited
               | number of configs has to do with making sure they only
               | have to build a limited set of M1 SKUs that they can
               | shove into almost all devices to really crank down the
               | per-unit costs of these "accessory" product lines
               | (accessory in the sense of their volumes are a fraction
               | of what even AirPods ships).
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | hkstm wrote:
               | Do you think most of the HN demographic is actually
               | running big IDEs, containers and VMs at the same time?
               | I'm personally a CS student and never had to run more
               | than a few lightweight docker containers + maybe one
               | running some kind of database + VS Code and that has been
               | working fine on a laptop with 8GB and pop_os. Could
               | imagine that a lot of other people on HN are also just
               | generally interested in tech but not necessarily running
               | things that require a lot of memory locally.
        
               | kortex wrote:
               | I run like 50 chrome tabs, a half dozen Intellij panes,
               | youtube, slack, and a bunch of heavy containers at the
               | same time, and that's just my dev machine.
               | 
               | My desktop is an ML container train/test machine. I also
               | have ssh into two similar machines, and a 5 machine,
               | 20GPU k8s cluster. I pretty much continuously have dozens
               | of things building /running at once.
               | 
               | Maybe I'm an outlier though?
        
               | twodave wrote:
               | Depending on the requirements of your job---just a single
               | VS instance with chrome, postman and slack open takes
               | around 5GB. Teams adds another GB or so. The rest
               | probably another 2GB (SSMS and the like).
               | 
               | On my particular team we also run a dockerfile that
               | includes elastic search, sql server, rabbitmq and consul
               | ---I had to upgrade my work laptop from 16GB to 24GB to
               | make it livable.
        
               | aNoob7000 wrote:
               | Wouldn't you just have all the heavy stuff on a server? I
               | don't understand the goal of running something like sql
               | server and other server type apps on a desktop/laptop.
        
               | leesalminen wrote:
               | When I'm developing I don't want any network dependency.
               | I love coding with no WiFi on planes, or on a mountain,
               | etc.
        
               | twodave wrote:
               | Having a local environment speeds up development
               | significantly.
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | If you are on linux, try out zram.
        
               | MrDOS wrote:
               | > lightweight docker containers
               | 
               | If you're on macOS, there's no such thing as a
               | "lightweight Docker container". The container itself
               | might be small, but Docker itself is running a full Linux
               | virtual machine. In no world is that "lightweight".
        
               | taternuts wrote:
               | I was going to say, I'm on a 16gb 2015 macbook pro (not
               | sure what to upgrade to) and Docker for Mac is _brutal_
               | on my machine, I can't even run it and work on other
               | things at the same time without frustration
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Yeah. I suspect most people here are software engineers
               | (or related) and IDEs, Docker, and VMs are all standard
               | tools in the SE toolbox. If they aren't using Docker or
               | VMs, then they are probably doing application
               | development, which is also pretty damn RAM hungry.
               | 
               | I do most of my development in Chrome, bash, and sublime
               | text and I'm still using 28GB of RAM.
        
               | geraltofrivia wrote:
               | CS PhD Student. Running a laptop with 16GB of RAM. I dont
               | train ML models on my machine but whenever I have to
               | debug stuff locally, I realize precisely how starved for
               | RAM my computer is. I start by closing down FF. Just
               | plain killing the browser. RAM down from 12GB to 7. Then
               | I close the other IDE (usually working on two parallel
               | repos). 7GB to 5. Squeeze out the last few megabytes by
               | killing Spotify, Signal, and other forgotten Terminal
               | windows. Then I start to load my model to memory. 5 times
               | out of 7, its over 12-13 GB at which point my OS stops
               | responding and I have to force reboot my system cursing
               | and arms flailing.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | I could believe that for students because students are
               | usually working on projects that are tiny by industry
               | standards.
               | 
               | 10 klocs is huge for a student project but tiny for a
               | real-world project.
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | I do use intellij and similarly hungry IDEs all the time,
               | with many other resource hungry processes without trouble
               | on 8 GB of RAM.
               | 
               | Though truth is that I use zram, which everyone should
               | who is not fortunate enough to have plenty of RAM, but
               | does have a decent CPU.
        
               | uncletaco wrote:
               | Anecdotal. I write client software for bioinformatics
               | workflows. Usually web apps or clis. Right now with my
               | mock db, Emacs, browser, and tooling I'm using ~5G of
               | ram. At most I'll use ~8GB by the end of the day.
               | 
               | I also shut down at the end of the day and make judicious
               | use of browser history and bookmarks. If I were compiling
               | binaries regularly I guess I could see the use in having
               | more ram but as far as I'm concerned 8 is enough and so
               | far people find what I put out perform at.
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | Yeah 32gb is my baseline now. I could probably work on a
               | 16gb machine now but last time I was using an 8gb machine
               | the memory was nearly constantly maxed out.
        
             | qaq wrote:
             | Working on very enterprisy web app 100+ servics 30+
             | containers my MBP 16GB is handling it fine
        
           | Aperocky wrote:
           | But why not 16G? It's a small price increase compared to base
           | and it would basically make it much more usable in any
           | extended amount of time, especially given the SSD write 'bug'
           | that were exposed.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | The sweet spot is 8GB for most people. I'd guess 80% 8GB/15%
           | 16GB and 5% more. Even many types of developers are fine with
           | 8.
           | 
           | Apple collects a lot of metrics and I'm sure they know this
           | well.
        
             | jopsen wrote:
             | Running a few Google Docs tabs and I can easily bring my
             | 16GB Linux laptop down..
        
             | cainxinth wrote:
             | The M1 also means that Apple regains full stack control of
             | its desktops and laptops. Their phones and tablets prove
             | that when they develop both the main chips and operating
             | systems themselves, they are able to eke out greater
             | performance from lesser specs.
             | 
             | Flagship iPhones always have less ram than flagship
             | androids, but match or exceed their performance.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | That may help a bit but unless they adopt that draconian
               | policies that govern iOS runtime that impact is limited.
               | Safari is an example of improved battery life when Apple
               | owns the stack. It's a great feature, but not a game
               | changer.
               | 
               | Most business users were fine with 4GB 5-6 years ago.
               | Electron apps like Teams and Slack pushed it up to 8. The
               | next tier are folks with IDEs, docker, etc that are
               | usually 16-32GB.
        
               | guidoism wrote:
               | I agree. Honestly electron used the main thing pushing up
               | ram usage these days for most people.
        
               | fortran77 wrote:
               | It's the Gigabyte Myth! Less is more! Up is down! In is
               | out!
        
         | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
         | > This in the time when 16 gigs ram is the baseline if you plan
         | to do anything more than facebook and instagram.
         | 
         | Facebook and Instagram is probably the upper bound on memory-
         | hungry apps. (The average webpage consumes more memory nowadays
         | than gcc -O3.)
        
         | Draken93 wrote:
         | Thats the point, price/value does not fit for the majority of
         | apple devices... But the M1 is amazing, I have to acknowledge
         | that.
         | 
         | I'll stay with AMD and wait for 5nm...
        
         | agilob wrote:
         | Yup, I have 16Gb of RAM on macbook 2011.
        
         | igammarays wrote:
         | X cores + X gigs of RAM does not mean better performance for
         | higher values of X. That is the fundamental innovation of Apple
         | Silicon, which people still struggle to grasp. The M1 upended
         | how we think about CPU performance. It's not even a CPU, it's a
         | unified memory architecture with hardware-level optimizations
         | for macOS. You can't even cleanly compare the performance
         | benefits of having memory and CPU on the same chip, because the
         | time spent on copying operations is far less.
         | 
         | The plain fabulous joke is that we've spent 30 years thinking
         | that increasing cores and increasing RAM is the only way to
         | increase performance while the objective M1 benchmarks blow
         | everything out of the water. The proof is in the pudding.
        
           | thehnguy wrote:
           | Right. People are comparing Apples to Oranges.
           | 
           | The salient question is: how long does each machine take to
           | execute the processes I use on a daily basis?
        
           | sto_hristo wrote:
           | But we still live in a physical universe where there are
           | voluminous things some of us need to put into ram. Things
           | like big projects, application servers, database servers,
           | IDEs, and for some of those - multiple instances of them. On
           | top of that, browsers with tabs open, productivity tools.
           | Can't benchmark out of that.
        
             | micv wrote:
             | Apple have done things to mitigate a lack of RAM
             | (consistently using the fastest SSDs they can with a
             | controller integrated into their custom chips and now into
             | the M1 presumably, memory compression, using very fast RAM
             | in the new M1, etc.) but yeah at some point you just need
             | more room. 16GB has been enough for me for a while
             | thankfully.
        
             | hiq wrote:
             | > Can't benchmark out of that.
             | 
             | You still have to try it out and see. I'd welcome an
             | article detailing a dev setup where the M1 isn't suitable
             | because of performance reasons. So far we've seen mostly
             | praise.
        
         | agloeregrets wrote:
         | I mean, that price tag is being swung in a kinda silly way. The
         | Mini with 16GB of ram is like $899. At that price the CPU has 8
         | Cores but 50% greater single core performance than basically
         | anything in the price range. In lightly threaded or thread-
         | racey tasks the M1 will outperform any chip on the market for
         | most people working on their machine. In my case, we build,
         | run, and run tests on a very large typescript app in half the
         | time of any single Intel chip we have ever tested, including
         | desktop i9. I'm not defending the pricing of their ram or
         | storage upgrades, those are nuts. But the pricing you are
         | comparing with here is for machines that include a LOT of gravy
         | in the build sheet intended to draw your point such as a 4.5K
         | Display or TBs of PCIe SSD.
         | 
         | Did I mention that the case I was mentioning was in the very
         | base Macbook Air with 8Gb ram cross-compared with an i9 64Gb
         | machine?
         | 
         | You are kinda making a blanket statement that is a little
         | unfaithful to the intent of any of these machines. None of
         | these machines are intended as 'pro' machines, even the
         | 'Macbook Pro' is just the low end model and it is three times
         | as powerful as the outgoing model. Sure you can spec one to the
         | moon to make a price point, but that's the story of anything.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | Really? I still use seven year old MacBook Pro with 8GB of RAM.
         | It's perfectly fine for developing in at least Python, Go or
         | Nim, with a Docker container or two and MariaDB in the
         | background.
         | 
         | Sure, when/if I upgrade I'd go for 16GB of memory, but one
         | should be careful about projecting ones own needs onto other.
        
           | kart23 wrote:
           | I have a 2015 MBP as well... it's HORRIBLE when I hook it up
           | to a 4k monitor. Lag, freezing, etc. I can still get stuff
           | done, but the experience is pretty bad.
           | 
           | Perfectly fine on its own screen though, the dual-core in
           | mine just isn't up to the task of a 4k external monitor.
        
           | arvinsim wrote:
           | What IDE are you using?
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | None, I use Vim or TextMate. But you have a point Xcode
             | isn't fast on my laptop. You use it, but if I where to use
             | Xcode professionally I'd get a newer machine with more
             | memory.
             | 
             | I have been working on a TVOS app, and it works fine, but
             | there is some waiting involved.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | Your web browser probably doesn't have many tabs open, and
           | those that are open, are probably not web apps (think Slack,
           | Facebook, WhatsApp, various internal corporate apps, etc.).
           | 
           | I can't even remember a time when just my web browser used up
           | less than 4-5 GB of RAM, on its own.
           | 
           | Add at least 500MB - 1 GB for the OS itself, and we're
           | talking about 2 - 3.5GB for apps. I'd immediately swap with
           | just 8GB of RAM with an IDE and a DB running.
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | You're right, I can't mentally deal with more a few open
             | tabs and I use none of those webapps at home. I might be an
             | outline in the other direction, but there's a lot of room
             | between using maybe 4GB of RAM in total an using that for a
             | browser alone.
        
             | beagle3 wrote:
             | Auto-tab-discard on Firefox is your friend. Makes thousands
             | of tabs possible with almost no memory use and seamless
             | functionality.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | I do visit 20-40 of those tabs regularly. They're SPAs so
               | they use up a lot of memory.
        
               | beagle3 wrote:
               | How often? I set mine to discard after 60 minutes, except
               | for slack, WhatsApp and a couple of others; cost is
               | reload when I do venture into discarded tabs - e.g. I
               | scan HN and Reddit headlines in the morning, open each
               | interesting comments page in a tab; much later, when I
               | have downtime, I visit them - but I used to reload to get
               | the new comments. Now with ATD, they get reloaded
               | automatically, so for that use it is even bette than the
               | real thing.
        
             | kolinko wrote:
             | I have four browser windows filled crazy number of tabs on
             | M1. I'm yet to experience any slowdowns.
        
         | neximo64 wrote:
         | Went from 64GB to 8GB. Didn't notice a difference - infact it
         | is better. I kind of get your mindset but they have done some
         | fuckery somewhere to get it to work so good.
        
           | intergalplan wrote:
           | My M1 Air with 16GB feels way more responsive and behaves
           | better under load than my 64GB hex-core beast of a desktop I
           | built late last year.
           | 
           | It's like the old days when I could put BeOS on a Pentium
           | with two-digit MB of memory and it'd _feel_ as good and
           | responsive in actual use as a newer desktop clocked 6-8x
           | higher and with 8x the memory, running Windows or Linux.
        
         | ironman1478 wrote:
         | Looking at core count and ram size isn't how to measure
         | performance. You test and measure. But, the cores are just
         | better on the m1 as has been shown through tons of
         | benchmarking. Also, if the interconnects and busses are smarter
         | (better cache coherency impl) then you'll be better in
         | multithreading cases. Also because it's an SoC it has a way
         | better implementation for the ddr interface (that's what they
         | claim at least). I wouldn't be surprised if the latency hit for
         | accessing RAM was way better than on x86 where you have to
         | cross a long bus. For the workloads that people run on iMacs,
         | light photoshop, some video editing, etc. We already know the
         | new macbooks are amazing at it and this machine will have the
         | same hardware, but with a dope screen (and cool colors. I want
         | yellow >.>).
        
         | Someone wrote:
         | On the other hand "16 gigs ram is the baseline if you plan to
         | do anything more than facebook and instagram" is something to
         | cry about.
         | 
         | Programmers working on products with a billion users should
         | realize that every kilobyte they save decreases world-wide
         | memory usage by a terabyte.
        
           | fouric wrote:
           | > decreases world-wide memory usage by a terabyte
           | 
           | While true, that's not going to motivate anybody. Memory is
           | not a very scarce resource, we're making more all the time,
           | we can _continue_ to make more, and it 's reusable.
           | 
           | Moreover, memory that isn't being used is almost completely
           | useless - the only thing it does is act as disk cache.
           | 
           | Better to use memory than CPU, as the latter actually
           | consumes power (leading to climate change if not powered
           | using renewables etc.) - although even better to use less of
           | both.
           | 
           | A more effective argument would be to look at the number of
           | users on low-end devices, and point out that, the more memory
           | you use, the less these users are able to run your
           | applications.
           | 
           | Not that I'm expecting companies like Slack to care - they
           | design for the high-end user, and if your company forces
           | Slack on you and you have an older device, there's nothing
           | you can do, and they exploit that.
        
             | Someone wrote:
             | DRAM refresh takes power. I don't have the numbers, but I'm
             | not sure that, in the average smartphone or tablet of today
             | that energy usage is negligible compared to that of the
             | CPU.
             | 
             | Reason for that is that DRAM must be refreshed 24 hours a
             | day, while the CPU is sleeping a lot of the time, even if
             | the device is in use.
        
               | jaytaylor wrote:
               | For typical dimms it's about 2-3 watts per stick. Doesn't
               | sound like much until you max out a SuperMicro (or other
               | server grade) motherboard with 24 dimm sockets. :)
        
           | kyberias wrote:
           | Right! And imagine the number of ELECTRONS whey would save
           | from moving! That's also a big number.
        
           | skohan wrote:
           | It's also not true. I don't know if I'm the only person not
           | doing fluid simulations all day on my laptop, but I don't
           | understand where this idea comes from
        
       | zitterbewegung wrote:
       | Personally I think Apple has completed its shift from a computer
       | manufacturer to a processor manufacturer who serves two internal
       | clients the software division and the consumer electronics
       | division.
        
       | chiefalchemist wrote:
       | "Part of the reason Apple can get away with doing this is that --
       | and let's be honest -- it's been selling badly underpowered
       | systems at certain price points."
       | 
       | There is also market share. Being more affordable to more people
       | means more sales. True, Apple has always positioned itself as
       | premium. That will remain. Now it will be a higher value as well.
        
       | zelon88 wrote:
       | Here we go again. Comparing a 10w mobile RISC CPU to a 100w x86
       | CPU and somehow deducing that having a mobile CPU run desktop
       | applications is a good idea.
       | 
       | I wish all the Apple fanboys would just hurry up and buy one so
       | they would realize they are comparing apples to oranges and sit
       | back down.
       | 
       | Nobody is buying an M1 to replace their gaming computer. And to
       | insinuate that such a thing is possible or practical is
       | disingenuous to the way PC hardware works.
       | 
       | Additionally I think the article is of amateur quality. It takes
       | on an Apple perspective and assumes that there will be no
       | response from x86 vendors basically because "how could you
       | possibly respond to something as astounding as the M1?"
       | 
       | Don't worry. Apple hasn't taken over the desktop market yet, and
       | they don't have the raw horsepower to do it anyway. And they
       | don't want to. We are comparing embedded CPU's with proprietary
       | north bridge architecture to industry standardized and socketed
       | CPU's with an entire industry supporting it. Nobody in the market
       | for a desktop PC is going to get a mobile Apple device just
       | because the M1 is more efficient. Nobody goes out to buy a pickup
       | truck and accidentally gets talked into a Prius. Just because you
       | conflate efficiency with performance doesn't mean the M1 is
       | capable of replacing a Ryzen 9.
        
         | JoshTko wrote:
         | A better analogy for the M1 is EVs. The M1 has near best in
         | class single thread performance so similar to how Tesla's have
         | crazy acceleration. Sure we've yet to see how efficiently M1
         | will scale to multithreaded or GPU work loads but all signs
         | point to a very scalable architecture given the jump from A12
         | to M1. Simple extrapolation indicates that a M2 or M1x will
         | match or beat most desktops while still consuming very little
         | power.
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | > We are comparing embedded CPU's with proprietary north bridge
         | architecture to industry standardized and socketed CPU's with
         | an entire industry supporting it
         | 
         | Eh? x86es have had an integrated northbridge for about a
         | decade.
        
         | bstar77 wrote:
         | I don't think this comment is going to age well.
        
           | zelon88 wrote:
           | I'm sure there are comments from the 64 bit PowerPC days that
           | aged just fine.
        
         | nerdjon wrote:
         | You are right that as of right now the M1 can't really replace
         | a gaming PC, but I don't see Apple currently really targeting
         | that. However the real question is if that is an issue with the
         | M1 chip or just an issue of Mac not really having much of the
         | gaming marketshare.
         | 
         | That being said, personally I believe the gaming PC market is
         | largely a niche market for the entire PC market.
         | 
         | At its core I don't see any reason the M1 chip can't play games
         | (in fact we are seeing some good numbers come out of games that
         | have a proper migration), it is purely a software issue.
         | 
         | It may not be able to compete with the top of the line custom
         | built desktops, but the reality other gaming laptops that are
         | far more expensive can't either.
        
           | hu3 wrote:
           | Apple does not care about non-mobile games.
           | 
           | They stopped supporting OpenGL [0] and Vulkan support is a
           | community effort [1].
           | 
           | [0] https://www.anandtech.com/show/12894/apple-deprecates-
           | opengl...
           | 
           | [1] https://github.com/KhronosGroup/MoltenVK
           | 
           | edit: If you have something to add to the conversation, feel
           | free to enlighten us. It does gets tiring discussing anything
           | Apple around here because of the sheer bias.
        
       | apatheticonion wrote:
       | Can't wait for an iPhone Pro with an M1 processor that I can plug
       | into a thunderbolt/usbc dock, run monitors, a keyboard, ethernet,
       | and have it running MacOS when in desktop mode.
       | 
       | EDIT: A little context; when I am in the office, I use vscode
       | over ssh to connect to my desktop PC at home. My desktop takes
       | care of my language server, syntax highlighting, compilation and
       | vscode forwards my ports and spins up terminals. All I will ever
       | need is a low powered computer that can run my browser and
       | tooling fast enough.
        
         | eertami wrote:
         | They could've done this with the iPad already, but have not
         | shown any indication that they will do so.
         | 
         | I suspect Apple don't want you to use your phone as a laptop
         | replacement, they want you to buy one of their laptops.
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | > have not shown any indication that they will do so.
           | 
           | I find it very suspicious that the new iPad has a 16GB RAM
           | option. There's ~no use for that in iOS. Wouldn't be totally
           | amazed if some sort of dual boot solution shows up at WWDC.
        
           | runeks wrote:
           | Also: how would you cool it? The passively cooled M1 MacBook
           | Air throttles after 15 minutes of high CPU usage. So, perhaps
           | a phone would throttle after a couple of minutes?
        
         | dpatterbee wrote:
         | This is the utopian future I dream of, but unfortunately there
         | is 0 economic incentive for a company like apple to create a
         | product like this. With how powerful our phones are, they could
         | easily be the main workstations for millions, but they're
         | forced to remain as toys. I'm somewhat surprised google don't
         | try to push this more.
        
         | novaRom wrote:
         | Basically many modern Android phones today work perfectly well
         | paired wirelessly with modern TV screen. Enable desktop mode,
         | pair with a mouse and keyboard, and you have a kind of working
         | environment: video chat, programming, text editing, office apps
         | - all exists.
         | 
         | That's actually how to watch youtube without ads, because non-
         | Android TV has no freetube/newPipe apps.
        
           | apatheticonion wrote:
           | Sadly I can't use a terminal or VSCode on Android so I can't
           | use it as a development environment.
        
             | acka wrote:
             | Have you tried installing[0] code-server[1] in Termux[2]?
             | code-server is basically the VSCode app split into a
             | backend which runs on NodeJS and a front end Web app which
             | runs in an Android browser app and communicates with the
             | backend running in Termux. It works pretty similar to the
             | Electron app, but extensions don't come from Microsofts
             | Marketplace because of licensing and usage restrictions.
             | Most popular extensions are available though.
             | 
             | [0] https://dev.to/codeledger/how-to-get-visual-studio-
             | code-to-r... [1] https://github.com/cdr/code-server [2]
             | https://termux.com/
        
             | alexisread wrote:
             | Termux, Andronix and (Wireless) Dex (Samsung phones only)
             | work pretty well to bring a workable Linux desktop onto an
             | external screen, with the phone as a separate screen for
             | android.
             | 
             | You can also connect a usb-c hub if you want hdmi in and
             | out, network etc. It's even possible to drive 3D printers
             | directly over USB.
             | 
             | As an additonal bonus, for Galaxy Notes and some newer S
             | devices you can use a stylus for art, signing PDFs etc.
             | They also support splitscreen multitasking and virtual
             | desktops which is quite practical if you work from the
             | terminal (emacs).
             | 
             | Certain phones can be very good replacements for a computer
             | if you require the portability.
        
             | ajayyy wrote:
             | You can run vscode with termux and even a full X server,
             | connecting over VNC.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | And yet, for work I'd like to see something 10x as powerful as
         | a phone still. The differences in performance between the two
         | is quickly becoming less and nonexistent though.
        
         | qshaman wrote:
         | I hope that browser you want to run on a "low power" computer
         | is not Chrome
        
         | baq wrote:
         | thermals would be quite bad for performance here, but the
         | vision is quite appealing.
        
           | Heliosmaster wrote:
           | Isn't basically the same vision Canonical had for Ubuntu
           | Touch/Phone?
           | 
           | You carry your (main) computer with you in your pocket. If
           | you're on the go, you use its screen. If at home, you plug it
           | in better screens/inputs peripherals.
        
             | iSnow wrote:
             | I wish they had had the firepower to develop this. I'm not
             | exactly unhappy with Android, but I'd bought that in an
             | instant.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | madeofpalk wrote:
             | Many have had this concept, no one has actually executed
             | well on it.
        
           | apatheticonion wrote:
           | My use case is pretty fine, I think. I use vscode's ssh
           | development feature to remote into my desktop at home. My
           | laptop just needs to run a browser and editor window which I
           | think an M1 powered iphone would be fine at.
        
       | sudhirj wrote:
       | Certainly seems that way. It looks like there going to be an M1
       | chip for 99% of folks, which works fine for all non-CPU-pegging
       | work (Air, 13" MBP, 24"iMac, Mini), an M1.Large for stuff that
       | pegs CPU (27"iMac, 16"MBP), and M1.XL for 0.01% Mac Pro folks who
       | drop 5 figures USD on computers. But I'd expect the numbers to
       | decrease logarithmically and the prices to be multiples. M1
       | machines from $700 to $1700, M1.L from $2000 to $4000, and M1.XL
       | from $6000 onwards.
        
       | Invictus0 wrote:
       | Why does Apple bother with the 13 inch MacBook Pro if it has the
       | exact same processing power as the MacBook Air? Touch bar and 2
       | extra hours of battery life aren't enough to differentiate the
       | two. My guess is that Apple does intend to differentiate the M
       | line but hasn't been able to do it yet, for what reason I don't
       | know.
        
       | tonyedgecombe wrote:
       | > _Apple's gamble, with the M1, is that its custom CPU
       | performance is now so high, at such low power consumption, that
       | the choice of chip inside the system has become irrelevant within
       | a given product generation._
       | 
       | This is clearly wrong as they are still selling Intel versions of
       | the MacBook and MacMini. Apple makes a lot of money by offering a
       | range of processor options. At the moment we are early in the
       | transition but I have no doubt there will be M2, M3, etc options
       | for most of the range.
        
         | grishka wrote:
         | Did they also offer a range of processor options back when they
         | were using PowerPC? I get the impression that they did not.
        
           | tonyedgecombe wrote:
           | I seem to remember the Mac Pro had an option for more than
           | one processor.
        
         | grecy wrote:
         | > _This is clearly wrong as they are still selling Intel
         | versions of the MacBook and MacMini_
         | 
         | They're only doing that until they can replace the entire line
         | with "Apple Silicon", which they said will take less than 2
         | years from when they announced the first M1 Macs. It's simply a
         | stop-gap measure.
        
         | dataking wrote:
         | > This is clearly wrong as they are still selling Intel
         | versions of the MacBook and MacMini
         | 
         | I can think of other reasons some customers may prefer or need
         | to buy the Intel version. AFAIK, you cannot run virtualized x86
         | code (docker, parallels, vmware) on the M1 macs (yet?) or maybe
         | you need a driver for HW that is not yet available for M1/ARM.
         | You can't conclude that they sell Intel versions for
         | performance reasons.
        
           | djxfade wrote:
           | Docker for Apple Silicon was just released. It uses emulation
           | for x86 based images and works mostly seamless.
        
         | elcomet wrote:
         | But the point is that people do not care about the cpu in their
         | mac. They care about screen size, price and other stuff.
         | 
         | Apple is still selling intel versions, because either they are
         | cheaper (older generations), or because the newest version does
         | not have the M1 yet (like the 16" mac book pro).
        
           | adrianmsmith wrote:
           | That's not the only reason - the M1 is limited to 16GB which
           | is fine for many workloads, but not for all. Plus not
           | everything works on the M1 yet e.g. running Linux in a VM.
        
       | johnklos wrote:
       | It's so simple - Apple doesn't need to make money off of the M1 -
       | they use the M1 to make money. For companies that sell CPUs
       | instead of systems, it's the other way around.
        
       | paulpan wrote:
       | The article makes a good point on positioning, but I'm not sure
       | if it's due to lack of data points.
       | 
       | Sure Apple seems to be using the M1 in across every price segment
       | for their products, but M1 is also literally the first iteration
       | of their shift to running macOS on ARM and not x86 architecture.
       | This mass push mainly serves to speed up the transition.
       | 
       | No doubt there'll be a higher performing SOC for Apple's Pro
       | lineup such as Mac Pro, Macbook Pro. History has confirmed this
       | since Apple developed the A*X chips specifically for the Pro
       | lineup of iPads. Main question is, how many concurrent SOCs will
       | Apple maintain? Just 2 as they've done for the iPhone & iPad Pro
       | divide or potentially more?
        
         | evanmoran wrote:
         | I believe you are 100% correct that when the M1X chips are
         | released they will clearly differentiate the pro market. At the
         | same time it would be impressive of Apple if the X chips
         | capture MacBook Pro, iMac Pro and Mac Pro markets all with a
         | single chip as well. So (as you point out) the article is only
         | half the picture as it's missing the pro lineup. And yet the
         | article's main point is true that Apple is satisfying an absurd
         | number of products with (likely) only two processors.
        
       | dvfjsdhgfv wrote:
       | > "Part of the reason Apple can get away with doing this is that
       | -- and let's be honest -- it's been selling badly underpowered
       | systems at certain price points."
       | 
       | Well, they've been doing this for a long time, and were able to
       | pull it off only because we got hooked up with their ecosystem
       | and preferred more than the alternatives. What worries me though
       | is the trend to make these machines totally unupgradeable: not
       | only this is bad for the environment but will also decrease the
       | long-term value of these expensive objects.
        
       | giorgioz wrote:
       | M1 is the fastest Apple CPU YET. I suspect in the fall they will
       | release the M2 for MacBook Pro 15 inches.
       | 
       | They have also delayed releasing the MacBook Pro 15inches with
       | Intel on purpose in my opinion. When they will release the
       | MacBook Pro 15 inches with M2 they will compare it with the Intel
       | version with a 3 years old processor.
       | 
       | I don't trust the Apple benchmarks much. They are choosing what
       | to compare and what metrics. Let's wait 3 years when the dust has
       | settled and we'll be able to compare apples with apples.
       | 
       | Let's see also if Apple will be able to keep up the improvement
       | of in-house built CPU+GPU with ALL COMPETING MANUFACTURERS OF
       | CPU&GPU. What if Nvidia or AMD or Intel comes out with a huge
       | leap, Apple then won't be able to take advantage of that. In my
       | opinion the M1 is the new PowerPC. In 10-20 years from now Apple
       | will have slow in-house built hardware and we'll be getting back
       | off the shelf hardware like when Steve Jobs moved from PowerPC to
       | Intel.
        
         | theshrike79 wrote:
         | > M2 for MacBook Pro 15 inches
         | 
         | 16" will be the size, like in the current gen. External form
         | factor about the same size as the old 15", but smaller bezels.
         | 
         | If they come up with a 16" M2 with 16GB+ of RAM they'll be out
         | of stock for MONTHS, _everyone_ I know will be upgrading from
         | their pre-touchbar Macbooks.
        
       | speedplane wrote:
       | The M1 processor is a direct result of the death of Moore's law.
       | It's an amazing processor, but a sad sign of things to come.
       | 
       | The performance gains from Moore's law have typically come from
       | shrinking die size. That has ended, you can't juice more
       | performance from general purpose CPUs. If general purpose
       | processors no longer advance quickly enough, the only way to get
       | performance gains is to build custom chips for common specific
       | tasks. That's what we're seeing now with the M1. The M1 buys us a
       | few more years of exponential-appearing performance gains, but
       | it's a one-trick pony. You can turn code into an ASIC once, but
       | after that, your performance is at the mercy of the foundry and
       | physics.
       | 
       | The death of Moore's law has many consequences, the rise of ASICs
       | and custom co-processor chips is just one of them.
        
         | tobyhinloopen wrote:
         | Death of moore's law? Hmm. Meanwhile I just got a R9 5950X and
         | it is drastically faster than my 5 year old i7.
         | 
         | There must be some doubling of transistors in there, right?
         | 
         | Also maybe buying a 5950X at the birth of a new generation of
         | ARM CPUs wasn't the wisest choice.
         | 
         | Or maybe it is, idk.
        
           | arvinsim wrote:
           | 5950x is the last greatest chip on the AMD4 platform. I think
           | their would be enough demand for it in the future for the
           | price to stay high.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | floatboth wrote:
           | Maybe buying a 5950X at the birth of _DDR5_ , PCIeGen5 and
           | TSMC's 5nm wasn't the wisest choice. Ehhhh seems like all
           | that new stuff would still take lots of time to actually get
           | ready, and the 5950X is the best CPU _now_.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Mores Law as originally stated said transistor density
           | doubled every 18-24 months. Using larger CPU's for example
           | let's you have more transistors, but has nothing to do with
           | Mores Law.
           | 
           | Clearly density has kept increasing, but the law refers to a
           | rate of increase that we haven't been able to meet. The
           | original 386 released in 1985 had 275,000 transistors, using
           | the _slowest_ interpretation we would need to be at (2^18) =
           | ~72+ Billion transistors today or (2^17) = 36+ Billion in
           | 2019 which is close, but the chip would also need to be the
           | size of a 386 which they aren't.
           | 
           | AMD Epyc Rome is 1008 mm^2 vs a 386 at 104 mm^2. The M1 is
           | 119 mm^2, but it's only 16 Billion Transistors. As such it's
           | safe to say Mores Law is dead.
        
             | warmwaffles wrote:
             | Did Mores Law take into account 3D density or was it just
             | single layer compactness?
        
           | simonh wrote:
           | Back in the old days you'd get that sort of improvement in
           | 2-3 years, not 5. I used to expect at least a 4x improvement
           | on my last machine every time I upgraded.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | Yeah, I bought myself a new PC two years ago or so to
             | replace a 5+ year old one, and the difference was... okay?
             | If it was twice as fast (mostly for gaming) I'd already be
             | impressed.
             | 
             | Whereas back when (thinking of early 90's) you'd upgrade
             | every three years and be taking massive leaps forward. 10x
             | increase in disk space (40 MB to 500 MB), or going from
             | diskettes (~1.5 MB? I don't even remember) to CD's (650MB).
             | We went from Wolfenstein to Half-Life in just six years (it
             | felt longer).
        
         | Someone wrote:
         | Let's not debate whether we really are at the end of Moore's
         | law (not a foregone conclusion, given that the M1 is the first
         | CPU at 5nm)
         | 
         | Why do you find it sad that we now have a holistically designed
         | system, rather than the glueing together of ever more powerful
         | parts that desktop PCs have gotten away with for a few decades?
        
         | nhourcard wrote:
         | The death of moore's law made us wonder - there is so much
         | effort trying to optimise hardware, but less emphasis on making
         | software more efficient. Our view is that there is a lot to do
         | with regard to software efficiency to mitigate the limitations
         | in hardware progress... See the company we founded in my
         | profile, this was one of the drivers to build it
        
           | arvinsim wrote:
           | Software optimization depends a lot on economical reasons.
           | Which is why it is so hard to prioritize over new features
           | IMO.
        
         | nightowl_games wrote:
         | On his recent Lex Fridman podcast appearance, Jim Keller speaks
         | to exactly this mindset. He says that they've been heralding
         | the death of Moore's law since he started and that the "one
         | trick ponies" just keep coming. He says he doesn't doubt that
         | they will continue.
        
           | speedplane wrote:
           | > they've been heralding the death of Moore's law since he
           | started and that the "one trick ponies" just keep coming. He
           | says he doesn't doubt that they will continue.
           | 
           | The situation is clearly far worse than what you suggest.
           | Back in the 1990s and early 2000s, apparent computer
           | performance was doubling roughly every two years. Your shiny
           | new desktop was obsolete in 24 months.
           | 
           | Today, we're lucky to get a 15% gain in two years. The "one-
           | trick ponies" help narrow the "apparent performance" gap, but
           | by definition, are implemented out of desperation. They
           | aren't enough to keep Moore's law alive (it's already dead),
           | and their very existence is evidence of the death of Moore's
           | law.
        
             | fredski42 wrote:
             | Which is why Apple is moving revenue streams also to
             | services.
        
             | TMWNN wrote:
             | >Today, we're lucky to get a 15% gain in two years.
             | 
             | The 2012 MacBook Pro 15-inch I'm typing this on is about
             | 700 on Geekbench single-core, while the 2019 16-inch is
             | about 950. 35% "improvement" in seven years!
             | 
             | M1 13-inch is 1700 on single-core, which is why I hope to
             | upgrade once the 16-inch Apple Silicon version comes out.
             | 
             | >The "one-trick ponies" help narrow the "apparent
             | performance" gap, but by definition, are implemented out of
             | desperation.
             | 
             | I don't think that's right. x86 hit an apparent performance
             | barrier in the early 2000s, with the best available CPUs
             | being Intel Pentium 4 and AMD Thunderbird, both horribly
             | inefficient for the performance gains they eked out; those
             | were very much one-trick ponies created from desperation.
             | It took a skunkworks project by Intel Israel, which
             | miraculously turned Pentium III into Core
             | microarchitecture, to get out of the morass. Another
             | meaningful leap occurred when going from Core Duo to Core
             | i, but the PC industry has been stuck with Core i for
             | almost a decade.
             | 
             | We've finally smashed past this with Apple Silicon, but it
             | is certainly not a one-trick pony; Apple could sell it to
             | the world tomorrow and have a line of customers going out
             | the door, just like it could have sold the A-series mobile
             | processors to rivals. AMD Ryzen isn't quite the
             | breakthrough Apple Silicon is, but it is good enough for
             | those who need x86.
        
               | throwaway2048 wrote:
               | Apple's M1 is a good processor, but the only reason it
               | "smashed past" previous macbook single core results is
               | apple was using older Intel lower powered processors.
               | 
               | It is not twice as fast as even mobile x86 stuff, as much
               | as people seem to want to think otherwise.
        
               | sixstringtheory wrote:
               | Anecdata of one, but compiling our product at work on my
               | three machines (a 2019 intel macbook pro, a 2020 10 core
               | intel imac and an m1 mac mini), the macbook pro is the
               | slowest, but the imac isn't that much faster than the
               | mini. it's something like:
               | 
               | - macbook pro: 9 minutes
               | 
               | - mini: 5 minutes
               | 
               | - imac: 4 minutes
        
               | moreira wrote:
               | Where the M1 really blows any other CPU away is single-
               | threaded performance; multi-threaded performance is just
               | normal. So it's not surprising that it's not faster than
               | your 10-core iMac when compiling (which I assume is using
               | 100% of every core).
               | 
               | In fact, given that the M1 is an 8-core CPU and your iMac
               | has a 10-core CPU, the fact that they take 5 and 4
               | minutes respectively to compile seems to indicate that
               | they're fairly similar in multi-threaded performance (and
               | the iMac wins only because it has more cores).
        
             | Simon321 wrote:
             | This is false, computer performance has been doubling
             | nearly every year. See for example
             | https://www.top500.org/statistics/perfdevel/
        
               | parsecs wrote:
               | How is this calculated? It isn't very clear. Is this
               | representative of individual devices or is it caused by
               | more of the same devices?
        
             | ForHackernews wrote:
             | On the contrary, I think this is fantastic news:
             | 
             | - It means consumers won't have to keep buying new
             | electronic crap every couple years. Maybe we can finally
             | get hardware that's built to be modular and maintainable.
             | 
             | - It means performance gains will have to come from writing
             | better software. Devs (and more importantly, the companies
             | that pay devs) will be forced to care about efficiency
             | again. Maybe we can kill Electron and the monstrosity of
             | multi-MBs of garbage JS on every site.
             | 
             | The sooner we bury Moore's Law and the myth of "just throw
             | more hardware at it" the better.
        
             | ipsum2 wrote:
             | Moore's law is only about the number of transistors per
             | chip doubling every 24 months, not about the performance.
             | Seeing that the trend is still happening, Moore's law is
             | not dead, as so many have claimed.
        
               | rini17 wrote:
               | But what is it good for, if it does not improve
               | performance? For example, increasingly larger and larger
               | part of transistors on a chip is unused at a given time,
               | due to cooling issues.
        
               | ipsum2 wrote:
               | It obviously does improve performance, otherwise why
               | would people be buying newer chips? :) It doesn't mean
               | we'll see exponential performance increases though. In
               | specialized scenarios, like video encoding and machine
               | learning, we do see large jumps in performance.
        
               | pas wrote:
               | It makes other workloads more economical.
               | 
               | And as long as there's something to gain from going
               | smaller/denser/bigger, and as long as the cost-benefit is
               | good, we'll have bigger chips with smaller and denser
               | features.
               | 
               | Sure, cooling is a problem, but it's not like we're even
               | seriously trying. It's still just air cooled. Maybe we'll
               | integrate microfluidic heat-pump cooling into chips too.
               | 
               | And it seems there's a clear need for more and more
               | computing. The "cloud" is growing at an enormous rate.
               | Eventually it might make sense to make a datacenter
               | oriented well integrated system.
        
               | jhgb wrote:
               | I thought it was about number of transistors per chip at
               | optimal cost level per transistor.
        
             | kamranjon wrote:
             | Is this a bad thing? This seems like a great outcome for
             | consumers, and will reduce e-waste. I look forward to a
             | future where people see less need to upgrade year after
             | year.
        
             | dannyw wrote:
             | If you don't just look at the failing Intel, AMD has been
             | doing 15-20% improvements year on year.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
           | "Moore's law" was strictly about the average cost of a
           | transistor, not performance in general.
        
           | mhh__ wrote:
           | Even then Jim Keller is using a looser definition of Moore's
           | law - i.e. he's saying there's a lot of scaling left rather
           | than that the scaling will continue as it did in the past.
        
         | Tade0 wrote:
         | Moore's law is safe for at least two generations of chips, for
         | which there are processes developed.
         | 
         | As we speak people are putting together 3nm(TSMC) designs,
         | which will ship once the infrastructure is there.
        
         | slver wrote:
         | > The M1 processor is a direct result of the death of Moore's
         | law.
         | 
         | I know most people misunderstand Moore's law, but this is HN,
         | so I expect better:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law#/media/File:Moor...
         | 
         | Moore's law is quite alive and showing no signs of problems.
         | 
         | > The performance gains from Moore's law have typically come
         | from shrinking die size.
         | 
         | Moore's Law is about number of transistors. Not about their
         | size, and not about performance.
         | 
         | And it's ESPECIALLY not about linear core performance.
         | 
         | > That has ended, you can't juice more performance from general
         | purpose CPUs.
         | 
         | You don't need to, they're fast enough. Performance is
         | expanding in other areas like GPU and ML.
         | 
         | > The death of Moore's law has many consequences, the rise of
         | ASICs and custom co-processor chips is just one of them.
         | 
         | No, Moore's law is the very thing supporting them... You need
         | extra transistors for those co-processors.
        
           | CivBase wrote:
           | > You don't need to, they're fast enough.
           | 
           | You had me with everything except this. Any time someone
           | claims the current state of computing hardware is "enough"
           | I'm reminded of that fake 640K quote. There is no indication
           | we are running out of applications for more compute power.
        
             | slver wrote:
             | I'm not saying we're running out of applications for more
             | compute power.
             | 
             | We're specifically running out of reasons to want faster
             | linear (per core) general-purpose performance (in fact I'd
             | say this happened some time ago). Everything else we get
             | from here on in terms of smaller process etc. is just a
             | bonus. We don't fundamentally need it to keep evolving our
             | hardware for our ever-growing computation needs.
             | 
             | And that's because as our problems multiply and grow,
             | parallel execution and heterogenous cores tend to solve our
             | problems much more efficiently on the watt, than asking for
             | "more of the same, but faster".
             | 
             | There's this Ford quote "if I had asked what people want,
             | they'd have said faster horses". Fake or not, it reflects
             | our tendency to stare at the wrong variables and miss the
             | forest for the trees. The industry is full of languages
             | utilizing parallel/heterogenous execution and you don't
             | need a PhD to use one anymore.
             | 
             | CPUs are effectively turning into "controllers" that
             | prepare command queues for various other types of
             | processing units. As we keep evolving our GPU/ML/etc.
             | processing units, CPUs will have less to do, not more. In
             | fact, I expect CPUs will get simpler and slower as our
             | bottlenecks move to the specialized vector units.
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | https://scicomp.stackexchange.com/a/1395
               | 
               | Explains it better than I could in a HN reply.
               | 
               | Assuming our desired work to be done continues to grow,
               | faster core speed* will eventually matter.
               | 
               | * technically, net instructions per second after
               | prediction/compute ahead etc
        
               | slver wrote:
               | Honestly that's a bit too abstract to make sense of.
               | 
               | As a programmer to another, I'd rather ask... what's one
               | example of a problem we have today that needs faster
               | linear performance than our best chips (not in a nice-to-
               | have way but in a must-have way).
               | 
               | I'd rule out all casual computing like home PCs,
               | smartphones, and so on, because honestly we've been there
               | for years already.
               | 
               | Also due to decades of bias we have serialized code in
               | our programs that doesn't have to be serial, just because
               | that's "normal" and because it's deemed easier. Also we
               | have a huge untapped potential of better performance by
               | being more data-oriented. None of this requires faster
               | hardware. It doesn't even require new hardware.
               | 
               | But anyway, I'm open to examples.
        
               | CivBase wrote:
               | Linear compute is the ideal solution. Parallelization is
               | a useful tool when we run up against the limitations of
               | linear compute, but it is not ideal. Parallelization is
               | simply not an option for some tasks. Nine mothers cannot
               | make a baby in a month. It also adds overhead, regardless
               | of the context.
               | 
               | Take businesses for example. Businesses don't _want_ to
               | hire employees to get the job done. They want as few
               | workers as possible because each one comes with overhead.
               | There 's a good reason why startups can accomplish many
               | tasks at a fraction of what it would cost a megacorp.
               | Hiring, management, training, HR, etc... they are all
               | costs a business has to swallow in order to hire more
               | employees (ie parallelize).
               | 
               | This is not to say parallelization is _bad_. Given our
               | current technological limitations, adding more cores and
               | embracing parallelization where possible is the most
               | economical solution. That doesn 't faster linear compute
               | is a "nice to have".
        
               | fulafel wrote:
               | Production quality multiplatform software is much much
               | harder and less fun to make for GPUs due to inferior DX,
               | rampant driver stack bugs unique for each (gpu vendor,
               | os) combination, sorry state of GPU programming
               | languages, poor os integration, endemic security problems
               | (eg memory safety not even recognised as a problem yet in
               | gpu languages), fragmentation of proprietary sw stacks
               | and APIs, etc. Creation of performance oriented software
               | is often bottlenecked by sw engineering complexity,
               | effort and cost, and targeting GPUs multiplies these
               | problems.
               | 
               | tldr; we are not running out of reasons for wanting
               | faster CPUs. GPUs are a crap, faustian bargain substitute
               | for them.
        
               | pshc wrote:
               | Virtual reality, being so latency-sensitive, is always
               | going to be hungry for faster raw serial execution. It
               | seems like something that ought to parallelize alright
               | (one GPU per eye!) but my understanding is that there are
               | many non-linearities in lighting, physics, rendering
               | passes, and so on that create bottlenecks.
        
           | pcurve wrote:
           | Maybe this is a bit cheating, but there's chip with 2.5
           | trillion transistors. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/
           | 20210420005955/en/Cer...
           | 
           | https://wccftech.com/cerebras-unveils-7nm-wafe-scale-
           | engine-...
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | I get your point but...
         | 
         | > The M1 processor is a direct result of the death of Moore's
         | law.
         | 
         | It is a bit ironic since the M1 is a 5 nm processor, currently
         | the finest process, and I think it plays no small part in its
         | success. A very Moore's law-esque solution.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | Scaling will continue for at least another 10 years.
        
       | sebyx07 wrote:
       | At least on a x86, you can install Windows / Linux / Hackintosh.
       | With m1 you have can install HackinWindows / HackinLinux / Mac,
       | if you understand the joke.
       | 
       | The good part with m1 is that force amd and intel better cpus.
       | Competition in always good. The not so good part is that Apple
       | might start a trend of higher prices for CPUs.
        
       | othiagocruz wrote:
       | I for one welcome our new ARM overlords, may x86 rest in peace
       | along with other relics of the past. Saying this as both a gamer
       | and intel/pc enthusiast but iphone owner.
        
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