[HN Gopher] Wildtype: Sushi-grade salmon grown from Pacific Salm...
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       Wildtype: Sushi-grade salmon grown from Pacific Salmon cells
        
       Author : zuhayeer
       Score  : 234 points
       Date   : 2021-04-22 17:12 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wildtypefoods.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wildtypefoods.com)
        
       | raldi wrote:
       | What I'm looking forward to is lab-grown meat that _improves_
       | upon nature. Imagine pigs didn 't exist but someone figured out
       | how to make bacon in the lab. What do we not have on this Earth
       | that makes bacon seem like chicken breast? What might we invent
       | that's three levels past otoro?
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | I agree in looking forward to it, but it is also possible that
         | human taste and desire has evolved in conjunction with what
         | food sources are available(either genetically or socially), so
         | it really might be that bacon(or whatever) is actually the most
         | delicious thing in the universe for humans.
        
         | Tade0 wrote:
         | Personally I'm more interested in meat from species which don't
         | reproduce in captivity, like some (all?) octopuses.
        
           | astrange wrote:
           | The problem with eating octopuses is they're smart enough to
           | get revenge. As soon as they figure out how to not die of old
           | age in a year, anyway.
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | Be careful what you wish for: people are programmed to like a
         | fat and salt. Fatter salter meats probably aren't as good for
         | you as nice lean salmon...
         | 
         | That's without the industrial side of this: meats with built in
         | preservatives and colouring that are actually no good for you
         | but look good and supermarkets will prioritise.
         | 
         | I think both GM and lab grown meat suffer from this issue:
         | smart doesn't mean good for you, it means good for the sales
         | person sadly.
        
           | Symmetry wrote:
           | If the increased tastiness means we eat more of it then it'll
           | be good that the meat is fattier. In terms of macronutrients
           | your body needs a certain amount of fat and a certain amount
           | of protein but not necessarily any carbohydrates. But too
           | much protein can lead to medical problems like gout so
           | ancient hunters who lived off large animal kills tended to
           | prefer the fattier cuts of their kills which were both
           | tastier to them but also healthier given the rest of their
           | diet.
           | 
           | As to salt you do have a point.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | The evidence that salt is bad for you is actually quite
             | weak and many people probably don't get enough.
             | 
             | What is lean about salmon though...? If it was lean it
             | would taste like tilapia.
        
         | Daishiman wrote:
         | Give it a decade and we'll be taking this to a level of
         | customization where we'll be able to select our own level of
         | marbling, connective tissue and water content.
        
       | anonAndOn wrote:
       | Do they also grow it with shrimp cells so it turns pink or just
       | use food coloring like they do with farmed salmon? [0]
       | 
       | [0]https://wildalaskancompany.com/blog/heres-why-salmon-are-
       | pin...
        
         | astrange wrote:
         | It's not accurate to call astaxanthin just food coloring. It's
         | the actual source of pink color in
         | flamingos/algae/shrimp/lobsters and it's certainly not
         | unhealthy.
         | 
         | https://examine.com/supplements/astaxanthin/
        
       | hutzlibu wrote:
       | From the landing page, there is this great claim: "the chance to
       | eat the foods we love without sacrificing our food ideals"
       | 
       | But not information on how it is produced. So I won't know,
       | whether it really matches my food ideals.
       | 
       | I mean, how _does_ it get produced? From real fish stem cells?
       | 
       | So still, there needs be dead fish in the process at some point?
       | So how many fish do you need to kill, to produce one portion of
       | sushi? Or can you grow forever, with one batch of stem cells?
       | (probably not I guess)
       | 
       | Without knowing this and about what else is involved in the
       | production chain, I really cannot believe such statements.
        
         | cheese_please wrote:
         | I don't know about WildType specifically, but it's not
         | necessarily true that a salmon would need to die at any point
         | in the process. Cells from a simple muscle biopsy could be
         | cultured for this purpose, and a single biopsy may have the
         | potential to produce a great deal of cells depending on the
         | culture conditions. Or they may have developed an immortalized
         | salmon cell line from an initial biopsy that they can
         | proliferate indefinitely (though this leads to questions about
         | genetic drift after a certain number of population doublings;
         | I'm sure they would have a bunch of frozen vials to restart
         | from early passage numbers every few batches though).
        
           | UglyToad wrote:
           | Plus as a lapsed-vegetarian I'm excited for lab grown meats
           | even if there's an animal killed at some point in the
           | process. It's impossible to choose a food without at least
           | some harm. How many fish are killed by fertilizer runoff or
           | damming for irrigation or whatever else is needed for all
           | forms of agriculture?
           | 
           | I'm going to assume a non-zero amount. So my view is the aim
           | with all ethics-based dietary choices with the motivation of
           | avoiding harm to animals is basically to optimize for least
           | animals killed per calorie per 'sentience' unit or whatever.
           | 
           | All food choices are inherently non-zero in animal suffering
           | and I don't think it's reasonable to hold lab grown meat to
           | any higher standard.
        
       | ur-whale wrote:
       | Great, now do Chutoro !
        
       | dang wrote:
       | > _Join our waitlist_
       | 
       | How real is this?
        
       | akeck wrote:
       | According to Google, their site doesn't mention "FDA" or "USDA-
       | FSIS", both of which regulate parts of the lab grown meat process
       | as of 2019. I assume they'll need some sort of approval to
       | actually sell the stuff in the US.
        
       | christiansakai wrote:
       | Welcome to the future.
        
       | roadnottaken wrote:
       | Bullshit
        
       | posterboy wrote:
       | "sushi-grade" sounds like "fantastic" or any other not
       | leverageable marketing promise.
       | 
       | The cells I suppose must be stem cells, induced with some
       | solution to grow into a homogenous mass of soft tissue. I'm very
       | confused about this.
       | 
       | Why just gimme the nutrient solution.
        
         | foxyv wrote:
         | It typically depends on the fish. Usually sashimi/sushi grade
         | fish consists of deep muscle tissue that is unlikely to contain
         | parasites. EG: Fish that is suitable for eating raw. In the US
         | all fish intended for raw consumption is frozen below -32F to
         | kill any parasites. However this is just a guideline and health
         | codes are enforced on a per-state basis. Sashimi/sushi grade is
         | usually just a marketing term beyond that. You could slap a
         | sticker saying as much on any fish you like.
         | 
         | https://www.seriouseats.com/2017/05/how-to-prepare-raw-fish-...
        
           | posterboy wrote:
           | That's a bit different than "fantastic", in that it is a much
           | worse type of misleading, unless you concern was their lab is
           | prone to parasites?
        
             | foxyv wrote:
             | Yeah, sushi grade doesn't mean it's good. I doubt they have
             | problems with parasites either. I would bet their sushi has
             | to be completely sterile coming out of the lab or the
             | culture will die pretty quick. In fact I wouldn't be
             | surprised it it's swimming in antibiotics to prevent
             | bacterial contamination.
             | 
             | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-07757-w#:~:text=
             | S....
        
         | lacker wrote:
         | At least here in California, when someone selling fish says
         | that it is "sushi-grade" they just mean it's okay to eat raw.
         | Usually I think that means it was flash-frozen to kill
         | parasites, maybe with this sort of fish production mechanism it
         | just doesn't have any parasites in the first place.
        
         | vangelis wrote:
         | Sushi-grade isn't a thing! It's marketing. I also doubt this
         | follows the FDA rules for flash freezing that sushi grade
         | implies given the lack of risk for parasites.
        
           | jfengel wrote:
           | It would seem to be a reasonable term for "safe to eat raw".
           | If the term is regulated, the term would have to be changed,
           | but it does convey the right thing to the consumer.
        
           | elhudy wrote:
           | Sushi-grade IS a thing with real fish. It means the meat has
           | been inspected for parasites or frozen to kill them.
        
             | rileytg wrote:
             | Unfortunately there is no enforcement of that. People often
             | consider "sushi grade" what you've described but there
             | isn't any official rating like there is for wines or beef.
             | 
             | Source: ex-commercial fishmonger
        
               | elhudy wrote:
               | FDA guidelines dictate that fish sold for raw consumption
               | must be frozen under one of the following conditions to
               | kill parasites:                   -4degF (-20degC) or
               | below for 7 days (total time)         -31degF (-35degC)
               | or below until solid, and storing at -31degF (-35degC) or
               | below for 15 hours         -31degF (-35degC) or below
               | until solid and storing at -4degF (-20degC) or below for
               | 24 hours
               | 
               | Whether or not this is enforced is another thing, but the
               | absurdly low rates of sickness from sushi in the US are
               | testament to the fact that companies are probably trying
               | to protect consumers from the hazards of eating their raw
               | fish.
               | 
               | With ground beef recalls left and right, we fortunately
               | live in an age of avoiding large-scale liability.
        
             | vangelis wrote:
             | It's a marketing term. The FDA doesn't label things sushi
             | grade. It does have rules for fish that are going to be
             | eaten raw. Your fish was either frozen to spec to not.
             | *Sorry, it's just one of those things I'm nitpicky about.
        
               | elhudy wrote:
               | I am not following. If it is labeled as "sushi-grade"
               | then it is being sold to be eaten raw, and the rules
               | apply, yeah?
        
               | vangelis wrote:
               | Assuming a reputable fish monger!
        
           | Isamu wrote:
           | Why would lab grown tissue have parasites?
        
             | dnautics wrote:
             | That's the point.
        
       | woeirua wrote:
       | This is a great business model. If they can culture a reasonable
       | enough imitation of salmon then they can certainly do so for
       | other fish that are even more expensive to farm and grow. They
       | only have to come in just under the price of farm grown fish for
       | this to take off like wildfire (which should be easy). This
       | company could be immensely profitable very quickly.
        
       | BrianOnHN wrote:
       | What are their methods? Does this make $100/lb salmon?
        
         | jvalencia wrote:
         | "The sample of salmon cells served up in Portland cost $200 per
         | sushi roll (six pieces)."
         | https://www.hakaimagazine.com/features/the-faux-fish-coming-...
        
           | monocasa wrote:
           | That's pretty damn good for an 0.1 release with no economies
           | of scale.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | We're having Salmon v0.1 for lunch. Welcome to the future!
        
         | WillPostForFood wrote:
         | For reference, fresh, wild, King Salmon, which is only
         | available at certain times of the the year (depends on your
         | state/country), can be $30 a pound or more. At $100 or $200 a
         | pound, they don't have that far to go to be in the ballpark.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I could see people paying that sort of money for 4 ounces of
         | nigiri in some endangered species.
         | 
         | Cruelty free blue fin tuna, anyone?
        
       | miketery wrote:
       | Very cool. Any estimate on current or target costs?
       | 
       | If this is possible efficiently would help reduce destructive
       | commercial fishing practices (just watched seaspiracy...).
        
       | f430 wrote:
       | looks like another Beyond Meat style pump & dump
        
         | 0xffff2 wrote:
         | Wait, Beyond meat is one of the main meat substitutes making
         | the rounds alongside Impossible burgers, right? If I'm not
         | mixing up my names, what makes it a pump and dump?
        
           | ampdepolymerase wrote:
           | There is debate about whether their technology is truly novel
           | or whether it is just hype as soy protein based food
           | manufacturing is not exactly new. Their most important
           | technological achievement appears to be the artificial heme
           | that they were able to source from a plant origin.
        
             | danhak wrote:
             | There's debate about whether Apple's technologies are truly
             | novel, that doesn't mean they aren't a good business.
        
           | genericone wrote:
           | If someone thinks X won't amount to anything, and is bound to
           | fail, then it would not be a fore-gone conclusion to believe
           | that the whole X endeavor is a pump-and-dump scheme to take
           | money from people who don't "know" that its bound to fail.
           | It's more of an indication of someone's opinion on a subject.
           | I for one am rooting for Beyond and Impossible. The more food
           | choices are available the better.
        
           | danhak wrote:
           | It seems like the discourse has shifted to describe even
           | legitimate businesses that are overvalued in the opinion of
           | an author as "pump and dump" or "ponzi scheme"
        
             | bradleyjg wrote:
             | It's maybe not entirely accurate, but it seems at least in
             | the ballpark of a reasonable description for a public
             | company that's never made money and has no legible path to
             | making money.
             | 
             | That said, it looks Beyond Meat made money in two quarters
             | last year. So not a good fit on those criteria.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | ska wrote:
         | > another Beyond Meat style pump & dump
         | 
         | Whatever Beyond Meat is, "pump & dump" is off base. They may
         | fail in their ambition but the attempt is real.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | jvalencia wrote:
       | Yes, but how does it taste?
        
         | BrianOnHN wrote:
         | It's easier to overlook taste than price.
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | Depends who your target audience is. I imagine the audience
           | for extremely expensive and hard to obtain artifically grown
           | sushi with decent taste is probably bigger than the market
           | for, say, extremely expensive and hard to obtain artificially
           | grown hotdog meat with decent taste.
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | Is it worse to kill something for food, or deny it from ever
       | living? I think personally I think I would prefer to have lived
       | and be killed than not lived at all. I also kind of believe that
       | things have an essence, a soul of sorts. So eating any part of an
       | animal is still repulsive on some level.
        
         | lee wrote:
         | What is "it" from ever living. An stack of lumber does not make
         | a table. The table doesn't exist until the wood is configured
         | as such.
         | 
         | If this salmon meat is grown by replicating cells, then there
         | was no "life" that was denied. Your statement would imply that
         | it "existed" somehow before it came into some physical form.
        
         | tsherr wrote:
         | Why don't plants fall into your "things that have an essence"
         | category? They are alive. They communicate and work together.
        
         | jtolmar wrote:
         | Widespread adoption of this technology would likely lead to
         | more total salmon lives, as wild populations recover.
        
           | oh_sigh wrote:
           | Is wildcaught salmon popular and available? I literally
           | cannot find any - anywhere. Then again I'm in Denver, which
           | is not well known for its seafood.
        
           | WillPostForFood wrote:
           | This seems non-obvious. How many salmon are farmed vs wild
           | right now? Salmon is already protected and very expensive, so
           | what's the potential for increase in wild population? 2x?
           | 10x? And there would still be demand for "the real thing".
        
             | Daishiman wrote:
             | Farmed salmon incurs a heavy cost to the environment that
             | surrounds said farms.
             | 
             | Demand for real salmon will still be around but it will be
             | a rare delicacy, which is totally OK.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | Wild populations might not budge much as long as their
           | historic spawning grounds up estuaries remain scarred by
           | human development.
        
         | roym6 wrote:
         | You would not be aware of your lack of life in the latter
         | scenario.
        
         | foxyv wrote:
         | Typically these cultures come from biopsies of living animals.
         | They aren't grown from fetal stem cells or eggs.
        
         | atourgates wrote:
         | But you're setting up a false choice.
         | 
         | Our option here isn't "salmon exist and we kill them to eat
         | them" or "no salmon exist."
         | 
         | Our option is "salmon exist and we kill them to eat them" or
         | "salmon exist and live their lives in the wild unmolested, and
         | we also get to eat salmon."
        
         | acjohnson55 wrote:
         | I have no problem with killing wild animals for food. The
         | problem is that it doesn't scale well for 7B humans. And who am
         | I to tell the next human that they don't deserve a spot in the
         | living world? To me, lab grown meat is a relatively attractive
         | compromise.
         | 
         | Also, it's unclear what their process is, but it's possible
         | that these are cells cultured from a handful of fish, not lab
         | growth from new zygotes. I'm fine with it either way, though.
        
       | LetThereBeLight wrote:
       | This is a cool company that started out of QB3. One of the co-
       | founders was a postdoc at UCSF working in regenerative medicine
       | before starting wildtype. I think these wetlab incubator spaces
       | near universities is really key to getting more biotech startups.
        
       | bogomipz wrote:
       | It's worth pointing out that there is no such thing as "sushi-
       | grade" fish in the US. The fish used in commercial sushi is
       | always flash-frozen on the ship. Neither the USDA or FDA have
       | designations for fish similar to the grades they have for say
       | beef. There is a regulation around freezing temperatures in order
       | for it be sold for raw consumption but this has nothing to do
       | with the quality of the fish. The regulation is used to guarantee
       | parasite destruction. I can highly recommend the book "The Sushi
       | Economy" by Sasha Issenberg for a very interesting look at how
       | the sushi trade works.
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | The description makes sense though - since you have a
         | controlled growth environment, you don't get parasites in this
         | meat. Which is the goal of "sushi-grade".
        
       | aaaaaadsfscxva wrote:
       | Incredible!
        
         | aaaaaadsfscxva wrote:
         | indeed
        
       | nickthemagicman wrote:
       | There's a number of pictures of the final sushi product.. but I
       | couldn't find pictures of the actual salmon that was created in
       | the laboratory or pictures/explanations of the lab process.
        
       | vessenes wrote:
       | Boy I really wish I knew more about the science here.
       | 
       | I can't tell if it's yucky, so they don't discuss it, or if it's
       | vapor, so they don't discuss it.
       | 
       | That said, their photo looks like something I would at least
       | taste! Matrix-grown meat seems to me like something that will
       | have its place in the world, especially if the net environmental
       | impact is favorable.
       | 
       | So, Wild Type: more details, yo.
        
         | WillPostForFood wrote:
         | The photo on their website looks amazing, with perfect fatty
         | stripes. Photos from one of their early tastings in 2019 didn't
         | look so good. Mostly chopped up, and larger pieces didn't seem
         | to have the fatty layers.
         | 
         | https://i0.wp.com/thespoon.tech/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/w...
         | 
         | It makes me question if the salmon in the photos on their
         | website is really lab grown. If so, it is quite an achievement.
        
           | michaelmior wrote:
           | I was thinking the same thing. It's really unclear if the
           | photos are their own product or just supposed to represent
           | good salmon in general.
        
           | saxonww wrote:
           | I had a different reaction on seeing it.
           | 
           | Yes, it has the striped pattern, but the texture looks
           | completely wrong. Compare their image now with e.g.
           | https://i.redd.it/12cdw2wb55p01.jpg. It's superficially
           | similar; the 'early tasting' picture you link to looks
           | _better_ from a texture perspective, to me.
           | 
           | That doesn't mean it's not tasty, but I would not choose this
           | over the real thing (traditional preparation? idk).
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | Compare crab stick to the real thing. People still eat poor
             | imitations if it tastes good.
        
               | remexre wrote:
               | Heck, I _prefer_ surimi to crab!
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | It's a year old, and probably not exactly what you're asking
         | for, but a NYT article on the product: https://archive.is/2vdTu
         | 
         | They seem to be heavily implying stem cells:
         | 
         |  _"The cells know what to do," Mr. Elfenbein said. "They become
         | muscle fibers. They become fat tissue. They create the
         | connective tissue that we know as meat."_
        
         | indigochill wrote:
         | > ...especially if the net environmental impact is favorable.
         | 
         | Probably a stupid question, but is it possible for artificially
         | grown meat to have a net positive environment impact? This
         | seems like it parallels the "vertical farming" idea, which has
         | its own pitfalls relative to traditional farming, like being
         | powered by polluting power sources or the concentration of
         | contaminated water.
        
       | jtolmar wrote:
       | Wonderful! I hope they publish the yucky details, it could be
       | really interesting.
       | 
       | Also, I know this will be an industrial process for a long time,
       | but I'm having fun imagining a day where a hobbyist can grow meat
       | cultures at home. Like an advanced version of maintaining a
       | sourdough starter.
        
         | cheese_please wrote:
         | I've got good news for you! The Shojinmeat Project's
         | (https://shojinmeat.com/wordpress/en/) mission is the
         | "democratization of cellular agriculture." They develop methods
         | for DIY cultured meat (recently someone posted about developing
         | a cell culture medium out of Red Bull). They do have a slack
         | channel, but it's not super active recently. They're pretty
         | active on Twitter though, and their website is a great
         | resource. I would highly encourage you to also check out some
         | of Yuki Hanyu's (founder) talks on YouTube; he's great.
        
       | californical wrote:
       | The possibilities with this are so exciting, as someone who eats
       | a vegetarian diet due to environmental and moral concerns with
       | the meat industry.
       | 
       | It appears on their website that this is real & ready to sell. I
       | thought large-scale lab-grown meat was still 10-20 years in the
       | future... Does anyone know the pricing? I didn't see anything on
       | their website, but I feel like it must be expensive.
       | 
       | Also, did they pick salmon because it's easier than other meat
       | types for some reason?
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | This falls into a class of bio-tech that I'm extremely excited
         | about.
         | 
         | Sure, we can have rockets to Mars, but can we engineer fungii
         | to create soil there? Can we grow food from cultures?
         | 
         | Will we care more about a lunar lander or the long-term results
         | of mRNA vaccines? Can we cure Ebola, HIV, HPV, HSV and other
         | social viruses? Not to mention the next pandemic, Malaria, etc?
         | 
         | I'm an aerospace engineer by day, but biotech (med/food/agri)
         | is where the real social impact will come from over the next
         | 100 years.
        
         | ganafagol wrote:
         | Have you found any information on how it's actually produced?
        
         | tymekpavel wrote:
         | See the comments below -
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26905472
         | 
         | ~$200 for a 6-piece sushi roll.
        
           | marricks wrote:
           | Ok, well that's way less than thousands of dollars so it's a
           | start!
           | 
           | Not to mention, they probably haven't realized the economies
           | of scale yet at all.
        
             | intricatedetail wrote:
             | Exactly. Also if you decided to go on a boat and catch one
             | yourself that easily could end up in thousands...
        
           | robotpony wrote:
           | That's less bad than I thought the early pricing would be
           | (and isn't far from the highest end sushi I've seen around
           | the west coast here).
        
             | ac29 wrote:
             | Its an order of magnitude higher than traditional salmon
             | nigiri would cost though ($2-3/piece in a restaurant).
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | Is there hope for some kind of law for the price steadily
           | decreasing over time as efficiencies improve, like Moore's
           | law for computer chips or the exponential increase of solar
           | efficiency?
        
             | Plough_Jogger wrote:
             | Yes, see Wright's Law: https://ark-invest.com/wrights-law/
        
             | digikata wrote:
             | I've seen that in the scope of the technology life-cycle.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_life_cycle
             | 
             | Once it's taken off sometimes there is reference to the the
             | manufacturing s-curve. That would be on the Wikipedia
             | chart, going from when the R&D has traction to where
             | increasing scaling increases volume and reduces costs of
             | the product.
        
             | Symmetry wrote:
             | The industry term for how prices drop as you make more of
             | something is the "learning curve".
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | I'd go with "economy of scale".
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | They're different things. I could build my own processor
               | fab for probably around EUR100 000, and those things used
               | to cost millions - but I'm not exploiting economies of
               | scale. Rather, I can look up how to best do it instead of
               | having to work it out myself, plus I have better other
               | technology available (e.g. a laser cutter can be modified
               | to make parts of it).
               | 
               | I'd still have the problem of sourcing materials and
               | disposing of all that toxic waste, though, which probably
               | isn't a problem with the salmon.
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | If you can build your own processor fab today for EUR100
               | 000, you are definitely exploiting economies of scale. It
               | is possible because of the massive existing industry
               | that's created the market for, and driven down the price
               | of parts and tools and supplies that you need to put it
               | together and run it. E.g., that inexpensive off the shelf
               | laser cutter you need to buy.
        
             | hutzlibu wrote:
             | Sure, like with anything that goes into mass production.
             | 
             | But before that happens, the process needs to be understood
             | and not rely on rare ingredients, for which production also
             | needs to scale up. Are there big suppliers of salmon
             | stemcells?
        
         | cheese_please wrote:
         | I'm not an expert on WildType's specific process, but I've read
         | that while mammalian cells need to be grown at ~37 C 5% CO2,
         | fish cells can be grown at lower temps due to differences in
         | biology. I just read a paper where salmon cells were incubated
         | at 13 C and 3% CO2. Could be that they're expecting energy cost
         | savings with no need to pre-warm media, heat bioreactor, etc.,
         | but it's also possible that cooling will be necessary
         | (depending on the location of the plant) or that mammalian
         | metabolism will produce enough heat that bioreactor heating may
         | not be an issue. I think the jury is still out on that. So
         | maybe they just looked at where they could find their niche in
         | a market with lots of pork, beef, and poultry companies
         | already? Or maybe the founders really cared about marine
         | ecosystems?
        
       | 1MachineElf wrote:
       | My girlfriend and I have both spent years working in Sushi
       | restaurants, and judging by those pictures alone, this "salmon"
       | falls short of our fat requirement. I.e., it's kind of lean
       | looking. We'd try it even at the high price point, but only if
       | they come up with a fatty "salmon belly" edition.
        
         | canucker2016 wrote:
         | I would have expected that lack of colouring as well for lab-
         | grown salmon meat.
         | 
         | Wild salmon meat gets its pink shade from eating krill/shrimp
         | according to https://qz.com/358811/heres-why-your-farmed-
         | salmon-has-color...
         | 
         | Farmed salmon doesn't get enough krill/shrimp so the farmers
         | have to add colouring to the farmed-salmon diet to get
         | something close to the colour of wild salmon. see previous
         | qz.com link.
         | 
         | At least you won't have to worry about microplastics in the
         | lab-grown salmon meat. see https://www.ecowatch.com/are-
         | microplastics-in-your-salmon-fi...
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | How is it that anyone thinks you're going to grow nutritious
       | tissue without an immune system and expect anything but bad long-
       | term outcomes?
        
       | toddh wrote:
       | No mention of the nutritional value. Which is my concern with
       | Beyond Meat as well. It's great that it's not meat from factory
       | farming POV, but it's not nutritious food either.
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | What's your concern about the nutritional content of Beyond
         | Meat? Its macros are comparable to that of the product it
         | replaces.
        
           | CameronNemo wrote:
           | Isn't it high in saturated fat, cholesterol, and sugar?
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | It's not high in sugar. The macros are comparable to those
             | of meat.
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | They're still highly processed products.
           | 
           | We got used to vegetarian = healthy because for a while it
           | meant grain, veggies and fruits. But today half of the
           | vegetarian/vegan processed food is as bad as regular
           | processed food.
           | 
           | I'll take an halloumi/spinach patty burger over a beyond meat
           | burger every day
        
             | danhak wrote:
             | Why are processed foods automatically bad so long as the
             | macronutrient / sodium profile is otherwise in line?
        
               | avereveard wrote:
               | Because absorption and bioavailability are complex thing
               | and even few missing micro can alter the nutritional
               | value whole; processed and synthetic for trend to miss
               | out on that fairly often
        
               | lm28469 wrote:
               | Not automatically, but macros aren't everything, a lot of
               | additives they add to make up for nature's magic tricks
               | are concerning (I don't know about beyond meat
               | specifically, but for most processed food it is the case)
               | 
               | If all that mattered in nutrition were prots, fats, carbs
               | and sodium it would be muuuuuuch easier but sadly it's
               | infinitely more complex than that.
        
           | MisterBastahrd wrote:
           | To replicate the mouthfeel of beef, you have to replicate all
           | the negative qualities of the meat too. They are full of
           | saturated fat.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | yboris wrote:
         | It avoids the mercury ;)
        
         | atourgates wrote:
         | I mean, it depends on your definition of nutritious, and what
         | you're expecting from a burger.
         | 
         | Should you eat one for every meal? Probably not. I don't think
         | "a burger for every meal" has ever been on anyone's nutrition
         | plan.
         | 
         | Is it reasonably nutritious compared to a meat burger? Yeah.
         | 
         | Compared to ground beef, a Beyond Burger is pretty equivalent
         | in terms of fat and calories. The Beyond has a few more carbs
         | (but far fewer than most veggie meat alternatives), but also a
         | few grams of fiber.
         | 
         | The Beyond burger has quite a bit of sodium, but probably most
         | ground beef would by the time you got it ready to cook.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | I think the beyond et al ranks worse after you cook it. When
           | I cook with this stuff it has no fat inside to render out, so
           | it soaks up cooking oil like a sponge to reach equilibrium.
           | It's osmosis. I put in some olive oil in my pan to get some
           | browning, and it's been soaked up dry in 30 seconds and I
           | have to add more before the patty fuses to my pan. I can't
           | help but think I'm eating a lot more grease. Not to mention
           | you still need to use your salt and pepper and other
           | seasonings, because it is quite bland. Probably intentionally
           | to be widely palatable.
        
         | jdavis703 wrote:
         | My doctor recommended BeyondMeat as an alternative to my soy-
         | heavy diet because it's based on pea protein. What exactly
         | makes BeyondMeat something that's not nutritious?
        
           | robcohen wrote:
           | I mean, just because one thing is preferable to another
           | doesn't mean that both are good. Hitting yourself in the head
           | with a smaller rock is preferably to hitting yourself with a
           | larger rock.
           | 
           | I'm not a doctor or a nutritionist, but it appears that
           | processed food has a host of negative effects according to
           | recent studies (for example https://www.nih.gov/news-
           | events/news-releases/nih-study-find...). Now you can pick
           | apart these studies, but ultimately we "know" very little
           | about nutrition for certain, which is why there are so many
           | conflicting studies.
           | 
           | What concerns me about fake meat products and why I won't
           | consume them is that they are heavily processed. In my
           | limited experience, eating whole foods from fresh, organic
           | suppliers is the way to go. I'll let someone else be the
           | guinea pig for processed foods.
        
             | WillPostForFood wrote:
             | We don't need to pick apart the study, but let's skim it so
             | we know if it applies.
             | 
             |  _This system considers foods "ultra-processed" if they
             | have ingredients predominantly found in industrial food
             | manufacturing, such as hydrogenated oils, high-fructose
             | corn syrup, flavoring agents, and emulsifiers._
             | 
             | I believe the study, even though small, reasonably shows
             | that ingredients like hydrogenated oils or high-fructose
             | corn syrup are bad for you.
             | 
             | That doesn't mean food that has gone through a process is
             | bad, it means industrial scale food production often uses
             | foul ingredients to reduce costs.
             | 
             | Processing != bad, But, mass market, massive scale,
             | processed food production correlates with the use of bad
             | ingredients. So just read the ingredient list on Beyond
             | Meat or whatever processed food you want to try and see if
             | there is stuff in it you don't want in you.
        
           | liuliu wrote:
           | Maybe sodium? It tastes unusually salty.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | Careful how much oil you use to cook it, I find it soaks it
           | up like a sponge and I tend to use a lot more than for
           | cooking, say, ground chuck or other meat.
        
         | rednerrus wrote:
         | Beyond meat isn't lab grown animal cells, right? This is actual
         | salmon.
        
           | lprubin wrote:
           | Beyond Meat and Impossible Meat are imitation meat made with
           | plants, aka "Meat Substitutes". This company is what's known
           | as "Lab Grown Meat" where the end result is basically meat at
           | the molecular level.
           | 
           | So theoretically this will have a very similar nutritional
           | profile to farmed or caught salmon. At least thats one of the
           | goals of the lab grown meat sector.
           | 
           | It fact, it might even have a better nutritional profile
           | because it won't be exposed to ocean contaminants like
           | mercury and plastic.
        
         | DeepYogurt wrote:
         | Which is fine as far as I'm concerned. We live in a world of
         | nutrition surplus not deficit
        
           | jfengel wrote:
           | We have a calorie surplus, certainly. The nutrition content
           | is more complex.
           | 
           | It's true that for most people, the main malnutrition is a
           | surplus of calories. If they're deficient in something, it's
           | likely to be dietary fiber, and perhaps vitamin D. Salmon has
           | none of the former, but it would be interesting to know how
           | this stacks up in the latter.
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | Why would it have less nutritional value than a slab of muscle
         | cells grown inside of a fish vs cells from that fish induced to
         | grown in a tank?
        
           | CameronNemo wrote:
           | I imagine wild grown flesh is going to have tons of micro
           | nutrients available (although also pollutants). That type of
           | nutrition is hard to emulate in a lab setting.
        
             | shuntress wrote:
             | >That type of nutrition is hard to emulate in a lab setting
             | 
             | I would assume it is easier to control that type of
             | nutrition in a lab setting.
             | 
             | Unless you are implying that full grown salmon (and other
             | meats) contain some nutrients which are crucial to human
             | survival, not inherent in the salmons biology, and
             | currently undiscovered.
        
               | CameronNemo wrote:
               | The nutrients would be typically provided through diet.
               | Indeed a lab could just amend the meat like they feed
               | cows particular B vitamins. But those inputs have costs.
               | 
               | This is all just theoretical. Once a nutrient profile is
               | published we can talk more seriously.
        
           | philote wrote:
           | I would guess nutritional value depends on what nutrients are
           | fed to the fish (or the cells). The big benefit IMO is it
           | shouldn't contain any mercury or other heavy metals that are
           | present in some fish.
        
         | knodi wrote:
         | Impossible burger has better nutritional profile than real meat
         | burger.
        
           | CameronNemo wrote:
           | Define better. Define real meat.
           | 
           | I would imagine the imitation meat patties are worse in some
           | ways than a turkey patty.
        
           | reducesuffering wrote:
           | I heard the same about vegetable oil and margarine replacing
           | butter 15 years ago. That didn't bode very well...
        
       | pelagic_sky wrote:
       | I wonder if this scales up to having a larger piece of meat, to
       | make steaks and such. Or is it only good when its "raw" and
       | sliced up real thin.
        
         | avereveard wrote:
         | And the other question is what will the nutrition value be
         | after it gets industrialised for mass production
        
       | kleton wrote:
       | Why wouldn't you do tuna in a vat instead? Higher value fish, and
       | the culture requirements would be nearly identical.
        
       | iamwil wrote:
       | As a curiosity and side note, Salmon wasn't always eaten by the
       | Japanese as sushi. It was considered a garbage fish that you'd
       | grill due to its likelihood of being infected by parasites. It
       | was the Norwegians that had a surplus, and was looking for a new
       | market to open up that salmon sushi became a thing.
       | 
       | https://medium.com/torodex/salmon-sushi-is-not-a-japanese-in...
       | 
       | The Norwegians probably won't pay attention to this initially,
       | but will probably come out against it, given that Salmon is at
       | least a chunk of chain for their industries.
        
         | ddlatham wrote:
         | As with many interesting topics, there's a great Planet Money
         | episode about this too:
         | https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2015/09/16/440951873/epis...
        
         | weaksauce wrote:
         | Andong did a deep dive on it and the norway genesis isn't the
         | full story: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1k4x9FrD5k4
        
           | nerdkid93 wrote:
           | I found that video fascinating as an example of how
           | pernicious myths can be. Makes me wonder how many myths I've
           | propagated to others without verifying them myself.
        
         | an_opabinia wrote:
         | Succinctly: When people defend meat eating as part of their
         | cultural heritage, they're defending a marketing campaign from
         | the last 80 years.
        
           | wwarner wrote:
           | Source? I've been reading the opposite.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | kakkun wrote:
         | I don't think it's accurate to call salmon a "garbage fish"
         | (though I've known salmon sushi all my life). It's been the
         | classic protein of choice for traditional Japanese breakfasts
         | (akin to having eggs for breakfast in the West) and a very
         | common rice ball filling.
        
         | chrismaeda wrote:
         | Yes, I was thinking to myself that 'sushi-grade salmon' was an
         | oxymoron.
        
           | viraptor wrote:
           | The way I understand it, it's not the meat that's sushi-
           | grade. It's the way it's preserved / delivered. Basically if
           | you can eat it raw and not let the parasites from salmon
           | grow, then it's sushi-grade. Most commonly that means storing
           | salmon in a freezer which kills the parasites. (think -50C)
           | 
           | Here's a decent article
           | https://www.seriouseats.com/2017/05/how-to-prepare-raw-
           | fish-...
        
           | beaner wrote:
           | Only in japan
        
           | the_af wrote:
           | Even if salmon wasn't traditionally consumed in sushi by the
           | Japanese, wouldn't the later reversal indicate that, even in
           | Japan, there is such a thing as sushi-grade salmon?
        
         | pedalpete wrote:
         | I'm not sure who to trust here. This video says that the
         | Norwegian sushi story is a bit of a myth, or over stated due to
         | poor journalism. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1k4x9FrD5k4
         | 
         | But he definitely has evidence of salmon sushi being eaten
         | before the Norwegians claim to have invented it.
        
       | asaph wrote:
       | Other companies working on cell-cultured fish:
       | 
       | Finless Foods: https://www.finlessfoods.com/
       | 
       | BlueNalu: https://www.bluenalu.com/
        
         | cheese_please wrote:
         | Just wanted to add a few more:
         | 
         |  _avant_ : https://www.avantmeats.com/
         | 
         | ShiokMeats: https://shiokmeats.com/
         | 
         |  _Umami_ : https://www.umamimeats.com/
         | 
         | Bluu Biosciences: https://www.bluu.bio/
         | 
         |  _Cell Ag Tech_ : https://cellagtech.com/
         | 
         | Clean Research: https://cleanresearch.org/ (they do a lot of
         | stuff, but cultured fish is one of the things listed)
         | 
         | Cultured Decadence: https://www.cultureddecadence.com/
         | 
         | Please note a few of the companies (italicized) are very young,
         | so their websites don't have much info.
         | 
         | I recommend this site for keeping up with which companies are
         | active in the alternative proteins space:
         | https://newprotein.org/. For cultured meat, click "Alternative
         | Protein V 3.0" and it's in the top left (or just head to page 2
         | for a more zoomed in view).
        
       | andrewla wrote:
       | This movement towards synthetic meat seems very antithetical to
       | the natural foods heuristic. Isn't what we've learned over the
       | last half-century or so that processing food in an attempt to
       | make it more nutritious/uniform/etc. generally involves a
       | reductive analysis of the value of the food and in doing so
       | destroys most of the actual nutrient value?
       | 
       | The "shopping at the edges of the market" thing is a tolerably
       | good heuristic for avoid foods that have been modified based on
       | outdated or incorrect theories of human nutrition. The push for
       | heavily processed synthetic meats seems like a _huge_ step
       | backwards.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _Isn 't what we've learned over the last half-century or so
         | that processing food in an attempt to make it more
         | nutritious/uniform/etc. generally involves a reductive analysis
         | of the value of the food and in doing so destroys most of the
         | actual nutrient value?_
         | 
         | Pretty much.
         | 
         | I had a boss who was very sanctimonious about her lunches. She
         | would hover over other people and say, "I never eat processed
         | foods."
         | 
         | Then she'd put a fake chicken patty in the microwave and
         | slather it with vegan mayonnaise.
         | 
         | I've found that the louder someone is about their eating
         | habits, the less likely it is that they use logic to choose
         | their food.
        
           | trav4225 wrote:
           | I've found that the louder someone is in general, the less
           | likely it is that they use logic in general. :-)
        
         | msla wrote:
         | > This movement towards synthetic meat seems very antithetical
         | to the natural foods heuristic.
         | 
         | I can't take that heuristic seriously while eating any kind of
         | fruit or vegetable, given how selective breeding has turned
         | them all into utterly unnatural creations, even the so-called
         | non-GMO varieties. At that point, "natural" just means "not
         | using any technology developed after an arbitrary cutoff date"
         | and it's meaningless.
        
           | andrewla wrote:
           | For what it's worth, most modern food animals and plants are
           | still capable of producing natural offspring and sustaining
           | life on their own. GMO presents some interesting challenges,
           | but the main thing is that modern offshoots of wild organisms
           | are bred to produce these outcomes, but they are bred, which
           | means that they are within the range of variability of the
           | population in question, even if they're out in the bell curve
           | a bit.
           | 
           | I think there's a significant qualitative difference between
           | cheese, for example, of any variety, and "processed cheese"
           | which is designed to mimic cheese properties but make it
           | uniform over time and region by substituting simple chemicals
           | (i.e., reductive by definition) for ingredients which came
           | about by co-evolution in our ecosystems.
        
         | ianai wrote:
         | It's at least more efficient and doesn't result in killing
         | animals. This is probably way more sparing of water use, for
         | instance. Whether someone wants more nutritious food or not is
         | a secondary concern from decoupling meat consumption from
         | current (horrible) practices.
        
           | jraph wrote:
           | Exactly. I see the benefit of this kind of food even if it is
           | somewhat weak nutritionally if used occasionally in an
           | otherwise well balanced diet. Sure, don't do this for every
           | meal, but maybe don't it with regular sushi neither anyway.
           | Enjoy your occasional sushi without the ethical /
           | environmental drawbacks of eating actual salmon, and remain
           | healthy by diversifying food.
           | 
           | I'd be glad too, actually.
        
             | neuralRiot wrote:
             | What i see and taking in account the higher comments about
             | economics of scale is that at some point synthetic meats
             | will become cheaper that natural so food manufacturers will
             | start replacing it with a tiny disclaimer "may contain
             | synthetic meat" and that if the FDA forces them to.
        
               | jraph wrote:
               | I hope the disclaimer will say "is synthetic meat" if it
               | is actually entirely synthetic. Uncertainty would ruin
               | it!
        
         | cheese_please wrote:
         | While I definitely understand your concern, I also think we can
         | see this as a fascinating opportunity to improve the
         | nutritional value of meat. These muscle cells in culture will
         | generally speaking continue to produce the proteins, ECM
         | components, etc. that they normally do, but we can also take
         | advantage of genetic manipulation, metabolic engineering, and
         | nutrition engineering to make them achieve more. A paper came
         | out last year (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pi
         | i/S109671762...) in which mammalian cells (bovine primary and
         | immortalized murine muscle cells) were modified to produce
         | plant proteins without loss of phenotype. From the abstract:
         | 
         | "... to endogenously produce the antioxidant carotenoids
         | phytoene, lycopene and b-carotene. These phytonutrients offer
         | general nutritive value and protective effects against diseases
         | associated with red and processed meat consumption, and so
         | offer a promising proof-of-concept for nutritional engineering
         | in cultured meat."
         | 
         | It may also be worth mentioning that cultured meat offers other
         | potential gains in the arena of human health -- no need for
         | antibiotics in a sterile manufacturing setting (so not
         | contributing to antibiotic resistance), vanishingly low risk of
         | foodborne illnesses and novel viruses like covid-19, etc..
        
           | andrewla wrote:
           | All due respect, I do not feel like you understand my
           | concern.
           | 
           | "Improving the nutritional value" is exactly what I am
           | railing against. The idea that we understand human nutrition
           | in any quantitative way is not realistic. It involves
           | attempting to reduce complex systems to a small set of things
           | that we can understand (making the system more "legible") is
           | dangerous and represents a huge failure of what James C.
           | Scott calls "high modernism".
           | 
           | By the time that we figure out that one of the nutrients
           | presented is harmful unless it is accompanied by mediators
           | naturally present in real foods it will be too late to fix
           | these processes.
        
         | toiletfuneral wrote:
         | Wait till you find out how unnatural most meat is. Its totally
         | full or hormones and ammonia...And just to get ahead of the
         | inevitable response, no, the vast majority of consumers do not
         | buy grass fed / free range / whatever. Its a dodge and
         | impossible to scale to current consumption levels based on land
         | availability.
        
           | andrewla wrote:
           | I mean, the animals that the meat is made from are living
           | creatures, capable of reproduction and all the usual
           | functions of those animals. We have not been able to shortcut
           | biology in this regard; we are just working on the fringes of
           | natural variability.
           | 
           | In other words, the fact that we have biological systems that
           | are achievable by breeding natural stock is a backstop
           | against producing "food" that did not co-evolve with us. No
           | guarantees, of course, which is why it's a heuristic and not
           | a hard-and-fast rule, but I'd much rather have meat from
           | living animals that have to survive than lab-produced meat
           | that we have reductively arrived at by trying to mimic the
           | observable properties of meat from biological organisms.
           | 
           | GMO presents significant challenges to this, as does clonal
           | propagation of mutant varieties of fruit trees, both of which
           | result in things that, while not necessarily bad, have
           | developed outside the range of what natural variability could
           | produce as viable systems.
        
         | an_opabinia wrote:
         | > The push for heavily processed synthetic meats seems like a
         | huge step backwards
         | 
         | Regardless of how accurate that is, "ultra processed foods" is
         | a recent, poll-optimized anti marketing campaign keyword from
         | the American meat industry.
        
         | Daishiman wrote:
         | It isn't really "heavily processed" any more than
         | artificicially selecting seeds for edible plants and growing
         | them through aquaponics or other "unnatural" settings.
         | 
         | Lab-grown meat implies that most of the basic cell chemistry of
         | these cells is going to occur as usual. To me that kills many
         | of the stronger arguments against processed food.
        
           | andrewla wrote:
           | "Basic cell chemistry" is a term that is very reductive.
           | Long-held wisdom is that we don't eat animals that have died
           | of natural causes. But a dead animal's cell chemistry is
           | largely functional for days to months after its death.
           | 
           | So yes, I would argue significantly more heavily processed;
           | edible plants need to be biologically viable in order to be
           | useful for food production. That is not a guarantee that it
           | will be safe or good, but as a heuristic I think it's a solid
           | one, since the changes are within the bounds of the
           | variability that is achievable through natural reproduction.
        
       | dublin wrote:
       | If this doesn't qualify as Frankenfood, I don't know what does.
       | (This is nearly as scary as unproven, untested "vaccines"
       | intended to provoke a life-long autoimmune response...)
       | 
       | Just what the heck is wrong with an actual _fish_ , people??? If
       | sales of this is allowed at all, it should be VERY conspicuously
       | marked and labelled ALL the way to the table, _especially_ in
       | restaurants. The older I get, the more Bill Joy is proven wisely
       | prescient...
        
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