[HN Gopher] Making sense of what's going on in the housing market
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Making sense of what's going on in the housing market
        
       Author : wyldfire
       Score  : 135 points
       Date   : 2021-04-21 14:39 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (cobylefko.medium.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (cobylefko.medium.com)
        
       | JanisErdmanis wrote:
       | There are multiple contributors who have made the housing market
       | as it is now. The general trend which characterizes the situation
       | is that wages of average folk are rising at A% whereas the
       | housing prices with B%. At the beginning of the 1970s, a teacher
       | in the UK earned decent housing in 5 years, whereas today, it
       | would take around 40 years under a mortgage.
       | 
       | In practice, we see that wages had stagnated over the last
       | decades. From a political perspective, it is a change of economic
       | philosophy from supporting consumer demand to supporting the
       | supply of producers. On the other hand, there is a factor of
       | migration. People coming from lower-income regions are putting
       | pressure on local folks to negotiate wage increases, partly also
       | supplemented with not fully accepting immigrants in labor unions.
       | 
       | The factors which make B% high are the increase of loans VS wages
       | and guaranteed state protections for nonperforming loans to
       | squeeze everything out of the debtor. Then there are urbanization
       | and speculation on it. Common folk more likely getting better
       | loan conditions in places where it is expected that the property
       | price will grow. That, in turn, stimulates urbanization and vice
       | versa.
       | 
       | Also, a factor is capital scarcity in the housing market. In the
       | environment where central banks are buying stocks of
       | nonperforming mega corporations to refloat them (optimistically
       | saving pension funds), there is no better investment than owning
       | such a stock. Hence the housing market is incentivized to serve
       | those whose income grows with B% or known also as the wealthy 1%.
        
       | wallacoloo wrote:
       | HN: unaffordable housing is among the top-5 problems facing my
       | generation. Where are the career opportunities? What are the
       | specific startups and companies working to decrease the cost of
       | housing who might hire me on?
       | 
       | I understand much of this is an issue of policy (e.g. zoning),
       | but that doesn't mean there aren't other avenues by which to
       | attack the problem either.
        
       | saint_abroad wrote:
       | > The system may be fundamentally broken, but the market is not.
       | This gives me some level of confidence in saying that as of April
       | 2021, I don't believe that we're in a housing bubble.
       | 
       | Markets have the remarkable ability to function right until the
       | very moment they crash.
       | 
       | If functioning markets really were to preclude bubbles then, by
       | definition, bubbles would only form in non-functioning (crashed)
       | markets. This is, of course, ridiculous.*
       | 
       | *That is, unless non-functioning markets can somehow be
       | distinguished without the hindsight of a crash.
        
       | AdmiralAsshat wrote:
       | So we're not in a bubble, we're just fucked. Cool.
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | No, I think boomers with assets are doing fine. Everyone else
         | is fucked.
         | 
         | I don't want to push the generational narrative too hard(I'm
         | 46), but it does seem like that generation is willing to do
         | everything they can to keep the party going until they die.
         | After they're gone, it will be up to my generation and younger
         | to figure out what to do with the _massive_ debt and distorted
         | economy. From what I can see, they just don 't give a shit.
        
           | AdmiralAsshat wrote:
           | Yes, perhaps I should have clarified that by "we" I meant my
           | generation (I'm a millennial).
           | 
           | And as someone with a significant chunk of savings who still
           | can't afford a house, the possibility of being both left
           | without my own property _and_ having my life-savings
           | essentially rendered moot by runaway inflation is deeply
           | concerning.
        
             | 01100011 wrote:
             | That's exactly the situation I find myself in. I'm 46,
             | divorced and remarried. I joined a FANG and lost my soul so
             | I could have a chance after starting over from scratch at
             | 43. I now have $200k in the bank, which is awesome and I am
             | thankful for it. But it's nowhere near enough to buy a
             | house. I'm already running out of steam, mentally speaking,
             | and can't make the safe bet that I'll be able to keep my
             | FANG job for even another year or so. I guess I just put it
             | all in a TIPS ETF and hope it works out? IDK... Meanwhile I
             | just have to watch while the rich get richer and the folks
             | in the middle get pounded.
        
       | the-dude wrote:
       | _This time it is different_
       | 
       | FTA : _While the market looks a lot like 2005-2008 on the
       | surface, the underlying fundamentals today are very different
       | from back then._
        
       | JackPoach wrote:
       | "Not a bubble" is exactly what people think, when there's a
       | bubble. Otherwise there would be no bubble. People find ways to
       | rationalize why 'this time it's different'. Sometimes it is,
       | sometimes it's not.
        
         | encoderer wrote:
         | In my experience, bubbles are made from greed not ignorance.
         | 
         | In 2007-8 there was a lot of acknowledgment of the real estate
         | bubble but there was always somebody to say well real estate
         | isn't really a national market so it won't all pop at once. Ha.
         | 
         | Similarly everybody knew it was a bubble in 1999. That's why
         | you had companies rushing to ipo like lemmings off a cliff.
         | 
         | Personally I don't think we are in a bubble right now and all
         | the early bubble callers (since 2013 or so) have no credibility
         | left.
        
           | TheAdamAndChe wrote:
           | In my opinion, we are in a bubble now. In stocks, P/E ratios
           | are extremely high, and many companies are IPOing, many more
           | than two years ago. All asset pricing is going through the
           | roof, and money is chasing money. Speculative assets have
           | become trendy again with cryptocurrencies, ARK, and memes
           | like dogecoin.
           | 
           | We're all flush with cash and either terrified of inflation
           | or riding a euphoria of asset inflation.
        
             | strgcmc wrote:
             | On the point about IPOs, this would seem to back up the
             | idea that, a boom in IPOs has correlated with recessions
             | and crashes soon after, in the past ~20 years:
             | https://www.statista.com/statistics/270290/number-of-ipos-
             | in...
             | 
             | A drop in IPOs seems like a lagging indicator (they will
             | drop off after the economy has cooled off), but it's not
             | clear to me if a boom in IPOs is a leading indicator or
             | not.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | > either terrified of inflation or riding a euphoria of
             | asset inflation.
             | 
             | Why not both?
             | 
             | At this point, the biggest risk I see is a materials
             | shortage that the Fed can't fix by adding zeros in a
             | database. Such as gas prices spiking, or food shortages, or
             | some other critical infrastructure failing.
        
               | Supermancho wrote:
               | The lumber shortage is forcing homes to be built largely
               | with pressed wood. Ironically this makes home building
               | even more expensive, as pressed wood prices have
               | skyrocketed... passing traditional lumber because of
               | availability issues.
        
             | fumar wrote:
             | What do you do to prepare for a crash? I follow the asset
             | and commodity price increases. But, I can't see the next
             | logical step. Save more money that is worth less over time?
             | Are we on a train towards hyperinflation that can't be
             | stopped?
        
           | jdsully wrote:
           | Ignorance was a theme of many past bubbles. In the 20's it
           | was the common man not understanding stocks. In the 80s it
           | was "Savings and Loans are just banks, they're safe!". '08 it
           | was "They wouldn't give me a mortgage if it wasn't a good
           | decision". In all bubbles you see a few shrewd hawks and
           | millions of lemmings - that's where all the money comes from.
           | 
           | In this scenario its, "There's nowhere else to put my money",
           | but not having a better alternative doesn't necessarily make
           | it a good investment.
        
           | robotron wrote:
           | There is a lot of greed driving home sales right now. Every
           | homeowner I know has at least considered making bank in this
           | market. The only thing stopping them is they'll then need to
           | buy a home cheaper and further out or lose that profit.
        
           | Cd00d wrote:
           | Completely off-topic, but I was _just_ watching a YouTube
           | video about lemmings with my 6 yo to answer some questions
           | she was asking.
           | 
           | Lemmings to not commit suicide from cliffs, en masse. This is
           | a myth that came about from a _staged_ incident in a Disney
           | documentary about the arctic wilderness. It 's completely
           | made up.
           | 
           | Was an interesting 5 or so minutes:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2fHYNMvcAhc
        
           | vladimirralev wrote:
           | It's not greed. The chair of the Fed sat on national
           | television and said they flooded the system with cash and
           | will not stop until everybody gets it while ignoring any
           | stretched valuations or inflation signals. All bubbles are
           | policy decisions by the Fed to spark risk-taking and
           | optimism, guided by the "less than honest" intermediaries on
           | Wall St.
        
           | JackPoach wrote:
           | Greed needs rationalization too.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | My definition of a bubble is not just prices going up. It's not
         | even people investing based solely on prices going up, rather
         | than on the merits of the investment. To me, it's only a bubble
         | when people are investing solely because the price is going up,
         | _using borrowed money_.
         | 
         | And that's why bubbles are dangerous. When they pop, they don't
         | just destroy the investors. They can destroy the lenders, which
         | can damage the overall economy.
        
         | JohnWhigham wrote:
         | This isn't 2006 Las Vegas or some shitty 50 year old Florida
         | suburb propped up by tourism, we're talking about every major
         | metropolitan area that has jobs. People are buying because
         | rates are rock-bottom, yes, but also because that's where the
         | jobs are. This _is_ different from last time, and aside from
         | the Fed raising interest rates (and boy do they need to), there
         | 's no end in sight to the insanity.
        
         | emodendroket wrote:
         | This is a little like "they thought Gailileo was a crank." Yeah
         | but they thought a lot of other people were cranks and you
         | don't know them because they were.
        
       | spaetzleesser wrote:
       | Isn't there just way too much money floating around and people
       | have no productive uses for it? Looking at the stock market and
       | the housing market this seems to be the most reasonable
       | explanation.
        
       | lazypenguin wrote:
       | This article did little to convince me we're not in a bubble. The
       | housing supply argument doesn't hold up to me, as older people
       | leave their homes newer people should be able to take there
       | place. Base asset prices increasing because interest rates are
       | down? Sure that's finance 101. All asset classes (houses, stocks,
       | cryptocurrency) only ever increasing in value? That's too good to
       | be true.
        
         | subpixel wrote:
         | This is not an article, it is a content marketing piece written
         | by a property developer.
        
         | dazc wrote:
         | ...as older people leave their homes newer people should be
         | able to take there place.
         | 
         | Here in the UK, older people have not been leaving their homes
         | because of covid lockdowns which is one of the reasons why
         | there is a shortage of houses to buy. The one exception is
         | retirement apartments.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > The housing supply argument doesn't hold up to me, as older
         | people leave their homes newer people should be able to take
         | there place.
         | 
         | Not only are populations growing, but there is a net migration
         | toward high demand areas.
         | 
         | Look at real estate listings in many smaller Midwest cities and
         | you'll see large inventories of very nice, very affordable
         | homes. Older people are moving out but no one is there to buy
         | them.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, many popular cities are fully built out. It's
         | musical chairs with existing housing inventory, plus a few high
         | density reconstruction projects here and there.
         | 
         | We thought remote work would enable people to move away from
         | expensive cities, but it turns out many people choose to live
         | in popular, high-demand areas once they no longer have to live
         | near their office.
         | 
         | As long as supply is fixed and demand continues to grow, prices
         | will go up.
        
           | meragrin_ wrote:
           | > Look at real estate listings in many smaller Midwest cities
           | and you'll see large inventories of very nice, very
           | affordable homes. Older people are moving out but no one is
           | there to buy them.
           | 
           | Not in my small Midwest city. Many houses are being sold in
           | hours. Most of the time I see a new realtor, it is already
           | sale pending. I have little doubt houses are being sold
           | without being put on the market. There are realtors asking
           | around my neighborhood if anyone is looking to sell because
           | they have buyers interested in the area.
        
           | sidlls wrote:
           | I don't know where you're looking. I'm looking in relatively
           | small midwestern towns (Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin,
           | Minnesota) and I see listing for homes valued 20% greater or
           | more compared with last year. A small four-plex that would
           | have listed at $400k and sold for $380k (or so) last year is
           | likely to have listed over $500k and may sell over-asking
           | this year. It's ridiculous.
        
           | beiller wrote:
           | But in almost all 1st world countries, the demand is
           | shrinking (negative population growth in all countries). Not
           | to mention the top heavy population in Americas that is
           | approaching EOL (Baby Boomers) which will rapidly shrink the
           | demand in the next 10 years. But it actually appears from
           | sales data that demand is increasing by a great deal. My
           | hypothesis: speculators have been driving this market for
           | quite some time in order to try and escape the inflation they
           | thought "is coming any minute" since 2008.
           | 
           | Here in my city, the rents are decreasing since COVID started
           | and the prices keep skyrocketing. It also supports my
           | hypothesis. Investors are just buying up properties and
           | renting them out, lowering rents everywhere. It may come to a
           | head sooner rather than later, once someone finds the
           | mortgage is way higher than the renter is paying. But even
           | then, I think many owners are willing to take a hair cut on
           | their mortgage because they feel like "the market has
           | performed so well, its worth it". But how long?
        
             | ska wrote:
             | > (negative population growth in all countries).
             | 
             | This does not seem to be true, most of them have small (<
             | 1%) but positive growth I think.
             | 
             | What were you basing it on? Some of them have negative
             | birth rates, but that isn't the same thing - and to lead to
             | an overall decline in population immigration would have to
             | be reduced by more than the delta.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | _Look at real estate listings in many smaller Midwest cities
           | and you'll see large inventories of very nice, very
           | affordable homes._
           | 
           | What? No, it's the opposite. Suburban and rural homes have
           | seen major price jumps in the past year while the most
           | expensive cities have stagnated or dropped. For example
           | Western MI has seen more price growth than the city of SF in
           | the past year.
        
           | kfarr wrote:
           | As the others are commenting I half agree with your comment -
           | there is a supply issue in high density areas AND there is a
           | supply issue in low density areas.
        
         | zapita wrote:
         | Some areas in the country experience major population growth
         | because that's where the jobs are. In those areas not enough
         | older people leave their homes to compensate for the influx of
         | new residents. It's not even close.
         | 
         | The housing supply argument is completely accurate.
        
           | zepto wrote:
           | > In those areas not enough older people leave their homes to
           | compensate for the influx of new residents. It's not even
           | close.
           | 
           | This is true. The question is, why would they? Generally,
           | with a few exceptions like Florida, the places where the jobs
           | are are _also_ the best places to be old.
        
           | almost_usual wrote:
           | Especially in places like the Bay Area where there is a huge
           | influx of global talent.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | > All asset classes (houses, stocks, cryptocurrency) only ever
         | increasing in value? That's too good to be true.
         | 
         | Not if the supply of money is increasing. Also, different
         | regions of the US are experiencing very different levels of
         | changes in price.
        
         | smalltalks wrote:
         | > The housing supply argument doesn't hold up to me
         | 
         | Strongly disagree with you , I'm in Europe. I'm in the 25%
         | richest of my state , I can't manage to rent a home because
         | every time I contact a landowner for a property to rent there
         | is 30+ person who applied before me within 4 hours...
         | 
         | Covid-19 has created a "remote economy" boom as well as
         | accelerated household project to move to another state and
         | acquire a property or just to invest in real estate.
         | 
         | Thus real estate market is performing just as expected... As
         | long as the supply does not meet the demand the price goes up.
         | 
         | For crypto it's different , 99% of crypto transactions are
         | speculation base. It's by design.
        
           | KptMarchewa wrote:
           | >Strongly disagree with you , I'm in Europe. I'm in the 25%
           | richest of my state , I can't manage to rent a home because
           | every time I contact a landowner for a property to rent there
           | is 30+ person who applied before me within 4 hours...
           | 
           | Why won't landlords raise prices then?
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | _> Why won't landlords raise prices then?_
             | 
             | Rent control?
        
       | aazaa wrote:
       | This article totally neglects the alarm bells blaring in late
       | 2019/early 2020. The Fed lost control of an obscure but crucial
       | corner of the bond market (the repo market), slinked away from
       | Quantitative Tightening with its tail between its legs after a
       | timid venture into normalizing its balance sheet, and was
       | generally starting to brace for impact.
       | 
       | Then, the pandemic and a Niagra Falls of liquidity. Unprecedented
       | in all of American history with the possible exception of WWII.
       | 
       | The country has just fought a war. Wars bring inflation and price
       | bubbles. In the aftermath, prices normalize and the speculators
       | get washed out. And by that point, almost everyone is a
       | speculator.
       | 
       | The question is not whether evidence for bubbles can be found in
       | every corner of the economy, but to what lengths will the country
       | go to keep the music playing.
        
         | scsilver wrote:
         | I wonder if the US can manage to drop the load onto the weaker
         | recovering economies. At the end of the day, are you trading
         | your depreciating dollar for another currency? To me, it seems
         | like the US can keep the music playing until the rest of the
         | world gets out of their shutdowns.
        
       | almost_usual wrote:
       | The nation is seeing extreme increases in price, maybe that's a
       | bubble. HCOL areas like the Bay Area, LA, and Seattle I doubt are
       | in a bubble.
       | 
       | There has been a lot of liquidity injected into the market. A
       | portion of it has gone to tech stocks and people wanting to hedge
       | against inflation. Guess who gets that liquidity when they vest?
       | 
       | Last year buying a home in the Bay Area was something I planned
       | to do in a few years. A year later I own a home.
       | 
       | I'm not the only one, there are tons of all cash offers out there
       | right now.
       | 
       | You need 40-50% liquid of the home you're making an offer on
       | right now to be competitive. No contingencies, cover appraisal
       | gaps, etc.
       | 
       | I honestly don't care if it's a bubble at this point. If my home
       | value drops 50% whatever I have a home where I want to be. I have
       | equity and other investments like I did while renting.
        
         | helen___keller wrote:
         | > The nation is seeing extreme increases in price, maybe that's
         | a bubble. HCOL areas like the Bay Area, LA, and Seattle I doubt
         | are in a bubble.
         | 
         | I generally agree. The highly paid workers living in these
         | regions continue to be highly paid, and the quantity of housing
         | continues to be constrained.
         | 
         | I think a lot of small/medium cities will see corrections if
         | lumber prices go back down. There will be a building boom, new
         | subdivisions will flood the market and drive prices back down
         | on the fundamental costs of producing housing. In larger
         | cities, we're too space constrained (and building high density
         | is illegal) so this feedback loop has been broken and will
         | continue to be broken, thus prices are set by whatever can be
         | afforded with a local wage.
        
       | euthuxnetux wrote:
       | This article is completely ignorant.
       | 
       | Bubbles aren't defined by, as some commenters suggest (not TFA),
       | poor lending practices. Please see investopedia's excellent
       | article on asset bubbles [1].
       | 
       | Houses require maintenance, they go out of style, newer buildings
       | have more amenities, etc. In general they retain their value
       | well, but they do become used over time. Historically (hundreds
       | of years) the value of property is highly associated with income,
       | which is highly associated with inflation. Real estate is
       | conventionally considered to be an asset class that maintains its
       | value relative to inflation.
       | 
       | Presently, enormous amounts of money have been poured into real
       | estate. Housing costs are now disconnected from the ability of
       | people to afford it, or from the potential of the property to
       | extract rents. Price-to-Income ratios and Rent-to-Income ratios
       | are completely out of line right now.
       | 
       | TFA repeats the complaint that housing supply is the issue
       | because wealthy people and financial instruments are buying all
       | the housing and letting it sit empty to appreciate in value. In
       | other words, TFA claims that speculation on housing price
       | increases is evidence that there is no asset bubble. The fact
       | that there is widespread speculation on the price increase of an
       | asset class is, in fact, evidence of a bubble, which is why I
       | called the article ignorant.
       | 
       | The fact is that ~11% [2] of housing in the US is currently
       | vacant. But this isn't just a US issue. If this was a supply
       | constraint it would be a geographically local problem. It's not.
       | It's not even isolated to a single nation. Housing prices are
       | exploding globally [3]. This is a speculative asset bubble. The
       | fact that it's not a bubble based on unaffordable leverage
       | doesn't mean it's not a bubble.
       | 
       | Finally, it's impossible that this issue resolves without a crash
       | [4]. Since we've had inflated prices for maybe a decade now, I
       | expect that it will take somewhere between 5 and 10 years after
       | the crash for prices to normalize. Put it another way: do you
       | expect housing prices to increase exponentially forever? If not,
       | do you expect prices to remain the same, adjusted for inflation?
       | In other words, have we reached the maximum ability of people to
       | afford houses, and this is just the new price? If neither of
       | those things are true, then there is only one other option.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/articles/stocks/10/5-steps-
       | of-a... [2] Total Housing Estimate -
       | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ETOTALUSQ176N Vacant Housing
       | Estimate - https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/EVACANTUSQ176N [3]
       | https://betterdwelling.com/canada-says-property-bubble-not-g...
       | [4] https://betterdwelling.com/canadas-property-bubble-is-now-
       | so...
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | Interesting. Investors parking money in real estate because
         | returns are so low everywhere else, and thereby 1) reducing the
         | stock available for people to live in, which 2) makes everyone
         | bid up the price of the stock available, which 3) makes it have
         | been a really good investment.
         | 
         | But I quibble a bit with your source [2]. That shows the amount
         | of vacant units up sharply since 2020, but still lower than any
         | point from 2005 to 2019. That doesn't seem to support your
         | point, because this price run-up has been more than just the
         | last year.
        
         | mycologos wrote:
         | Links [2] and [3] suggest that the proportion of housing that's
         | vacant is, as of the end of 2020, well below its level for the
         | 2010s. So it doesn't seem like there's been an increase in
         | speculating in (and _not using_ ) housing?
        
         | nkurz wrote:
         | You make some excellent points, but your comment would be much
         | better without the first line. The article isn't "completely
         | ignorant". It may have parts that are wrong, it might be
         | misguided, or the conclusion may be unjustified, but there are
         | many parts that are insightful and accurate. Calling it
         | "completely ignorant" undermines the strength of your rebuttal.
        
           | euthuxnetux wrote:
           | You're right, that was probably unnecessarily inflammatory,
           | and isn't a good way to communicate persuasively. I thought
           | I'd justified the statement later, and that would be
           | sufficient. I'll try to allow what I communicate to stand on
           | its own going forward.
        
         | bogomipz wrote:
         | Indeed this does seem to be global in nature. There's been no
         | shortage of articles recently about the same level of mania in
         | both Australia and New Zealand as well:
         | 
         | https://www.domain.com.au/news/frustrated-home-buyers-leave-...
         | 
         | https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2021/3/23/bb-new-zealand-g...
        
       | shanecleveland wrote:
       | Many are arguing we are not in a bubble because it is different
       | than the last bubble. What defines a bubble? Is it simply that
       | prices drop from a high after significantly increasing?
       | 
       | If the conditions that they argue are resulting in current prices
       | ease (supply, material, labor shortages are a few listed here),
       | and prices drop, isn't that a bubble?
       | 
       | I guess they could simply plateau and return to "normal" growth
       | patterns.
        
       | yardie wrote:
       | As anyone recently or currently going through the house shopping
       | process this is nothing like 2007. Buyers are competing against
       | other buyers with seemingly unlimited cash offers. Which is
       | nothing like the subprime, stated income loans prior to the
       | financial crash. You have to be in great financial shape to even
       | qualify to buy a home. And then you have to do it timely enough
       | to beat other offers. There is more cash moving around these days
       | and not a lot of places to put it. Conservative banks, investors,
       | and pensions are placing them in the few sure things left on the
       | market, bonds and property.
       | 
       | Also, inventory is drying up because construction has been
       | heavily affected by the pandemic. Now that the warehouses have
       | been exhausted it's just starting to ripple through supply
       | chains. While the millions of lives lost were felt immediately
       | the long tail of JIT supply chains means we'll be feeling the
       | effects a hell of a lot longer.
        
         | Balgair wrote:
         | I'm currently in the market and I can affirm that it is _super-
         | bananas_.
         | 
         | With Covid rules, you get ~15 minutes to view a property. You
         | basically have to decide to put an offer down as you are
         | walking out the door. My SO and I saw a place we liked and were
         | considering an offer. Before we could even drive home, the
         | place had gone under contract. Our location has homes on sale
         | for ~36 hours, starting Thursday at noon (it seems that's the
         | time most have settled on). You cannot sleep on this decision,
         | there just isn't the time to do so.
         | 
         | Sellers will get ~14 offers, all very much over asking. A
         | property listed for ~$450k go for ~$550k now. ~$650k go for
         | ~$800k. Three years ago, that same house was ~$400k.
         | 
         | To be competitive, you must waive inspections outright. Health
         | and safety objections used to be a thing, but it's so
         | competitive that you just can't anymore. Inspectors are booked
         | for showings as a result, with ~15 min to check on things.
         | 
         | All cash offers are ~1/3 offers, per what my RE friends say. If
         | you are doing a mortgage, the new time to close is ~20 days,
         | not 30. Banks/credit unions are not having a fun time with such
         | a crunch, as buyers are walking away for higher rates due to
         | the time crunch and the very low rates to begin with.
         | 
         | Appraisal gaps are ~18% or so. Meaning that the bank will
         | appraise the house for about the listed price still, but buyers
         | must state they will cover the gap in price. That is ~18% more
         | than what the bank will give out. Thus the 20% downpayment
         | becomes the appraisal gap coverage. A lot of people are going
         | to 5% down-payments or less.
         | 
         | Open-ended escalation clauses are a thing to. You just put in
         | the contract that you'll automatically bid ~$5k over the next
         | person, no ending, no need to contact. As such, things are
         | getting pretty wild when more than one party has that in their
         | contract.
         | 
         | They really cannot build houses fast enough, and those that are
         | come with special taxes that are ~2x the normal ones, forever.
         | This is due to the need for materials that Coivd has affected
         | and the speed needed just to lay the pipes and roads. Again,
         | inspections are waived to stay competitive.
         | 
         | Like I said, it is _super-bananas_.
         | 
         | EDIT: This tiktok is only a _tiny_ bit hyperbolic about the
         | current state of things:
         | https://www.tiktok.com/@johnsonfiles/video/69529306172982919...
        
         | vannevar wrote:
         | I'd really like to see the breakdown between investors and bona
         | fide homebuyers. The main reasons supply is low is that a)
         | people don't want too move in the middle of a pandemic, and b)
         | construction was slowed. This should mean that the proportion
         | of investors and first-time buyers is higher now than pre-
         | pandemic, and who is more likely to win the resulting bidding
         | war? Investors, or the young people trying to but their first
         | home. I believe that the lions share of the housing spike is
         | being driven by speculation, and eventually, the market will
         | run out of "the greater fool" and you'll be left with mostly
         | real home buyers, and prices will fall back to earth.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | Cash offer doesn't necessarily mean the buyer has cash. There
         | are services like https://www.flyhomes.com/ that will make a
         | man all cash offer then help you refinance it.
         | 
         | In addition, if you waive all financing and appraisal
         | contingencies that's often called a cash offer as you're
         | obligated to close even if you can't get financing.
        
           | whytaka wrote:
           | I'm confused about this point. Why does the seller care about
           | cash offers? Even if the offer requires a mortgage, the
           | seller gets the cash from the lending bank, do they not?
        
             | jbay808 wrote:
             | In practice it means that the offer isn't conditional on
             | their financing being approved.
        
             | yardie wrote:
             | Banks are conditional and have 30 days. Cash offers have no
             | conditions, literally sign, wire money, and hand over the
             | keys. Conventional loans, backed by HUD, need to go through
             | a process. Because ultimately it's HUD who owns these loans
             | and they are, well, slow as any government bureaucracy.
             | 
             | Before these times, cash offers came with a slight 5-15%
             | discount because of the convenience and speed. Now, cash
             | offers are overbidding other cash offers who are
             | overbidding conventional loans. This happens in the hottest
             | markets; South Florida for example.
        
               | Balgair wrote:
               | > Banks are conditional and have 30 days
               | 
               | Depends. The new timeline is ~20 days to close in this
               | market. Banks are getting huge pressure to up the tempo.
               | Interest rates are so low that an extra 0.5% is worth it
               | for the faster close.
        
               | LunarRover wrote:
               | Insane when you consider South Florida's future with sea
               | levels. Some geologists think it has less than 50 years
               | to go. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/12/21/the-
               | siege-of-m...
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | As long as the problem is 30+ years away most banks don't
               | particularly care about sea level and water table rise.
               | On a 30 year mortgage they will have recovered their
               | money. Now, when it's 10-20 years out that's when you'll
               | see banks being more cautious. And by then it will be
               | someone else's problem.
        
               | hardtke wrote:
               | It's not just convenience and speed. In hot markets, the
               | appraised values can't keep up with market prices (since
               | the comps are a half year old). If the buyer doesn't have
               | resources well above the minimum to make up for the
               | difference between the appraised value and the sales
               | price, it's likely a loan cannot be approved. Before
               | 2009, appraisers would just appraise at the sale price
               | because the real estate agent that hired them wouldn't
               | hire them again if they didn't.
        
               | Balgair wrote:
               | Where I am, the appraisal gap is is ~18% of the sale
               | price. So the houses are listed at ~$450k, get 12 offers
               | for ~$530 in 36 hours, and get appraised at ~$450. Such
               | is the competition, that buyers have to just pay the gap
               | outright, turning the 20% downpayment into the appraisal
               | gap.
        
               | aphextron wrote:
               | >Before 2009, appraisers would just appraise at the sale
               | price because the real estate agent that hired them
               | wouldn't hire them again if they didn't.
               | 
               | Appraisals are made by the lending institution. That
               | would be a very obvious conflict of interest otherwise.
        
               | hardtke wrote:
               | Most mortgages are made by mortgage originators who
               | resell them. If I remember how it worked before the
               | crash, the agent, mortgage originator, and title agent
               | would work together to make the deal happen. There were
               | some kickbacks. The mortgage originator would hire the
               | appraiser directly. Now the appraiser is assigned by a
               | 3rd party, with one consequence being that appraisers
               | generally don't know the nuances of local markets and are
               | unable to properly price in a hot market.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Two things:
             | 
             | 1. There's no financing to approve. Pre-approvals fall
             | through all the time, and the seller knows that. They'll
             | take cash to avoid having to start over.
             | 
             | 2. Appraisals are coming in low right now because prices
             | are changing so quickly that finding good comps is hard,
             | and lenders cannot or will not loan for more than the
             | appraised value. This could lead to the seller having to
             | either start over or accept a lower amount. A cash offer is
             | usually not contingent on an appraisal.
        
           | meragrin_ wrote:
           | > as you're obligated to close even if you can't get
           | financing.
           | 
           | How is that a good thing from a seller's perspective?
        
             | ProfessorLayton wrote:
             | "Can't get financing" for an offer doesn't necessarily mean
             | _no_ financing. A bank won 't loan 1.1x (or whatever the
             | offer is) for a property appraised for 1x, so an offer
             | without a financing contingency means the buyer has to
             | cough up .1x in cash to make up the difference.
             | 
             | It means the deal is more likely to close and not get held
             | up by financing, and the seller might pick it over a
             | slightly higher offer that does have a contingency.
        
             | Cd00d wrote:
             | Well, they get to keep the down payment. That smoothes out
             | a lot of frustrations due to the delays associated with
             | starting over.
        
           | akomtu wrote:
           | You're only obligated to pay the fee (usually 2% of the
           | purchase price). A buyer won't magically produce a million
           | dollars if he can't get financing.
        
         | emodendroket wrote:
         | I think people who have a home are also largely taking a wait
         | and see approach and not trying to move, which constrains
         | supply further.
        
           | runeks wrote:
           | Who's buying all the houses, then?
        
             | jhayward wrote:
             | Private equity.
        
             | munificent wrote:
             | Renters in smaller apartments craving more space now that
             | they are stuck at home 24/7.
        
             | emodendroket wrote:
             | Aren't there a significant number of first-time buyers?
        
             | milkytron wrote:
             | Millennials, apparently. The generation has a huge
             | population that is at the prime home buying age (nowadays).
             | Being stuck at home with parents or in an apartment is not
             | where a lot of people wanted to be during a pandemic.
             | Combine that with low interest rates, and also investors
             | that see property as a relatively safe asset.
             | 
             | The wait and see camp is probably most people, but those
             | that aren't comfortable with their home situation and being
             | stuck in it are likely itching to move.
        
         | noofen wrote:
         | More cash because everyone with half a brain knows this money
         | printing won't hold the market up forever, and they're
         | terrified of runaway inflation.
         | 
         | The insane market speculation going on is also a symptom of
         | this. It's reasonable to assume USD is losing 8-10% of its
         | value every year from 2020 onwards, thanks to Fed policies. I
         | know about their bullshit CPI numbers, and anyone who is
         | gullible enough to believe "there is no inflation" deserves
         | what's coming.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > It's reasonable to assume USD is losing 8-10% of its value
           | every year from 2020 onwards, thanks to Fed policies.
           | 
           | Since dollar prices of final goods and services can be
           | tracked, and don't show that trend, its not reasonable at
           | all; nominal price levels of goods and services haven't
           | generally increased by about ~2.5x over the past decade.
           | 
           | > I know about their bullshit CPI numbers,
           | 
           | CPI is BLS, not the Fed. And its a whole lot less bullshit
           | than what you're spreading right here.
           | 
           | > and anyone who is gullible enough to believe "there is no
           | inflation" deserves what's coming.
           | 
           | The idea that inflation might be coming at some indefinite
           | point in the future is, of course, unfalsifiable, and its
           | been a constant refrain from the same segment of society for
           | as long as I've been alive.
           | 
           | The claim that there has been massive inflation since 2010,
           | OTOH, is both falsifiable and false.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | >The claim that there has been massive inflation since
             | 2010, OTOH, is both falsifiable and false.
             | 
             | Depends where you live and what lifestyle you live. If I
             | took the total amount spent on all the things and services
             | I have purchased over the years and compared them to their
             | price in 2010, I would have spent far less in 2010.
             | Spending on land, healthcare, retirement savings, taxes and
             | education eclipse the total spent for everything else.
             | 
             | Is that not inflation (for me, at least)? All I know is
             | that to buy the things I need or want to buy in the future,
             | I need to ensure I am earning more and more because I am
             | betting the price will be higher in the future. At least
             | it's been true during my adult life of ~15 years.
        
           | randomopining wrote:
           | Your statements are contradictory. If there will be 8-10%
           | inflation then people will park their money in assets like
           | stocks, thus keeping the market up.
        
           | thorwasdfasdf wrote:
           | I do agree the CPI vastly undercounts inflation but we loose
           | credibility when we through out numbers so far off from
           | reality. 8-10% is realistic for real estate over the last
           | year or two. But, we need to look at longer term trends to
           | establish inflation as a huge problem.
           | 
           | Even 4% actual inflation would be very very high, as that
           | would be 2% per year over CPI, which would compound to 80%
           | over the CPI in just 30 years or so.
           | 
           | Let's take a look at some actual values: - the big mac index
           | shows inflation at about 4% for the last 20 years. - Cape
           | shiller housing index for US has been showing inflation at
           | about 4% over the last 20 years. This is a real problem that
           | will affect rents as well because the rent to own ratio
           | spread can't continue to increase forever.
           | 
           | - housing of course is now 10%+ over the last year.
           | 
           | And yes, those quality adjustments made by the boys in the
           | labor department are very questionable: I don't know how they
           | sleep at night.
        
           | Analemma_ wrote:
           | > It's reasonable to assume USD is losing 8-10% of its value
           | every year from 2020 onwards, thanks to Fed policies
           | 
           | Are you willing to bet money on this claim? Because I will
           | happily take the other side of that wager. It is absurd.
        
             | intergalplan wrote:
             | Houses around here have been going up in price 5-10% year
             | over year around here since, like, 2012 or 2013.
             | Foreclosures aside (now long gone, but widely available for
             | a few years), they never dropped all that far from their
             | '08 peak, really, either. I'm in probably a third- or two-
             | and-a-halfth-tier US city, so this isn't NY or SF or CHI or
             | LA or even Austin or Denver. New housing is going up _fast_
             | and _everywhere_ , and has been non-stop aside from a very
             | brief period after the '08 bubble. 2020 happened, and the
             | prices went up _even faster_ , and everywhere in the city,
             | not just in certain areas.
             | 
             | WTF is going on, if not inflation? (serious question, I'd
             | like to know what other explanation there could be)
        
               | kart23 wrote:
               | don't think so. look at canada's housing market, look at
               | NZ. those markets are truly insane compared to the US,
               | and they're not printing a ton of money or experiencing
               | major inflation. housing has become a good investment
               | simply because the supply isn't great enough in desirable
               | areas, and people with money recognize it. inflation is
               | up, but not on the scale you claim.
        
               | wcarss wrote:
               | I dunno about NZ, but Canada printed pretty hard for
               | COVID relief[0,1].
               | 
               | Regarding inflation, anecdotally food etc prices in
               | Toronto seem _much_ higher this year than last, and did
               | last year too, but the CPI data doesn 't share my
               | opinion.
               | 
               | 0 - https://betterdwelling.com/canadas-money-supply-is-
               | growing-a...
               | 
               | 1 - https://economics.bmo.com/en/publications/detail/76f0
               | b0ca-c0...
        
               | anthony_barker wrote:
               | Maybe Toronto will reach peak crane?
               | 
               | https://i1.wp.com/www.denverpost.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2021...
        
               | intergalplan wrote:
               | Our groceries seem to be at least 2x what they were in
               | '05. Meanwhile, if anything, our tastes have gotten
               | _cheaper_ and we 're better at bargain-shopping.
               | 
               | US CPI tells me they should only be 35% higher. LOL.
               | Bullshit.
        
               | intergalplan wrote:
               | Right, but, all other assets seem to be doing exactly the
               | same thing.
        
               | jdsully wrote:
               | Canada's M1 is up 27%, M2 up 20% over the last 12 months.
               | They aren't printing nearly as much as the US but it's
               | still dramatic vs prior years.
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | Money laundering raising comps and everyone else then
               | using those comps to justify prices. Incredibly cheap
               | money, and everyone wanting to live in a house instead of
               | condo/apartment. Demand is >> supply - limited supply
               | means the prices rise. Doesn't explain everything but
               | certainly points to some of the what I will say is
               | insanity in the market.
        
               | bordercases wrote:
               | I like this view because it integrates the supply and
               | demand factors in the prices.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Isn't that the question the article tries to answer?
        
               | intergalplan wrote:
               | Yeah, and I'm trying really hard not to read it as "it's
               | inflation but for some reason we're going to not use that
               | word once in this whole article", but can't. They write
               | about a bunch of things that _sure seem_ inflationary (
               | "borrowing money is basically free"--OK, right, so why
               | would that be, and why would it stay so cheap so long,
               | and what effect does that have?), and then also write
               | about how middle-class folks are pulling lots of money
               | out of the stock & bond market to buy houses, so that's
               | why houses are getting more expensive... but the market's
               | gone up like crazy over the last year! It's not like it
               | even had a _normal_ year, _despite_ , you know, a
               | pandemic, and all this supposed shifting of money from it
               | to housing. Crypo's booming. Approximately _all_ asset
               | prices are booming.
               | 
               | If all assets are going up, seemingly nonsensically, what
               | is that? It's a really, really broad-based bubble, or
               | it's the leading edge of an initially-unbalanced-but-
               | surely-it-won't-stay-that-way inflationary wave, no?
        
               | treis wrote:
               | It's probably not going up quickly in the suburbs or
               | other less desirable areas. The problem that happens in
               | pretty much every city is that the local government
               | prevents development. And now that cities are becoming
               | more desirable you have an ever growing number of buyers
               | chasing a relatively fixed number of homes.
               | 
               | It's not inflation. It's classic supply and demand.
        
               | intergalplan wrote:
               | > It's probably not going up quickly in the suburbs or
               | other less desirable areas.
               | 
               | I assure you, they are. Also you're way out-of-touch with
               | common sentiment if you think the suburbs aren't
               | desirable, if for public school quality if nothing else
               | (for the record: I hate the 'burbs). Source: I've bought
               | several houses in my city (serially, I'm [sadly, in the
               | current market] not a property investor or landlord)
               | since the '08 crash, all in the 'burbs, keep up with a
               | couple real estate agents, and have had many friends and
               | family buy all over the city over the same time period,
               | including within the last year. There's been non-stop,
               | extensive housing construction for damn near a decade
               | now, and prices are still doing this. People are being
               | bid out by over-asking cash offers on day two of a
               | property being on the market in _very_ mediocre areas.
               | Lots are selling over-asking in the same manner. It 's
               | nuts.
               | 
               | Also, if it's not inflation and is "classic supply and
               | demand": what's up with _all other assets_ then? If
               | demand for all assets is up, such that prices are all way
               | up, _even and especially through 2020_ , what do you call
               | that? Housing was just an example.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | noofen wrote:
             | I am betting money on this claim, 90% of my net worth is in
             | equities and BTC/ETH.
        
               | bottled_poe wrote:
               | It's too much risk. It may work out, but unless you know
               | something the rest don't, it is just gambling.
        
               | noofen wrote:
               | I understand how it can look that way. But from my
               | perspective, being long USD is a much more dangerous
               | gamble. I'm young and have a high risk tolerance, we will
               | see.
        
               | concreteblock wrote:
               | Choosing to allocate most of your net worth in, e.g.
               | cash, is a gamble too.
        
               | bottled_poe wrote:
               | Holding cash is worse than a gamble, it's a guaranteed
               | loss.
        
               | trimbo wrote:
               | It seems like equities do not (long term) perform well
               | relative to currency in inflationary markets because
               | companies' costs also rise. Apple, e.g. would be spending
               | more per unit iPhone and would eat margin or require a
               | price increase, which leads to fewer sales etc.
               | 
               | There are exceptions, like energy companies, for example.
               | IIRC Exxon went up in the 1970s while the market as a
               | whole stayed flat and lost value relative to the USD.
               | 
               | At the extreme, in the Weimar republic, the stock market
               | did what the US is doing today... until the stocks
               | flatlined relative to the currency[1].
               | 
               | [1] - Haven't read it but sources that claim this point
               | to this book (I just bought it though, it's only $3):
               | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8567383-when-money-
               | dies
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | thaeli wrote:
             | In the long term, everyone with more debt than assets is on
             | the other side of that wager.
        
           | undefined1 wrote:
           | for those downvoting you:
           | 
           | Home Values +8%
           | 
           | Money Supply +24%
           | 
           | Stock Market +23%
           | 
           | Oil +80%
           | 
           | Corn +69%
           | 
           | Steel +145%
           | 
           | Wheat +25%
           | 
           | Coffee +34%
           | 
           | Cotton +35%
           | 
           | Copper +50%
           | 
           | Lumber +126%
           | 
           | Soybeans +71%
           | 
           | this is over the past year.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | Who should I believe, a government agency conducting a
             | methodical survey of the country's economy, or some guy
             | with a list of numbers that's possibly cherry picked?
        
               | undefined1 wrote:
               | up to you. you can look at the real world prices
               | yourself, or ignore that in favor of the entity that has
               | incentive to downplay inflation.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | But I don't because it literally takes an entire
               | government agency to do it right. The incentives might be
               | misaligned, but the BLS is a large enough entity that if
               | there really were problems with their methodology, it
               | would be publicized. Short of that, I'm more inclined to
               | believe the BLS over a random commenter.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > But I don't because it literally takes an entire
               | government agency to do it right.
               | 
               | It doesn't really. If you track your expenses
               | consistently over the years (gnucash et.al.) you can
               | trivially plot the increase in cost of living and the
               | acceleration of that increase last handful of years.
        
               | noofen wrote:
               | Yes, of course, because government agencies have your
               | best interests in mind.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | As opposed to random hn commenters who possibly have an
               | agenda?
        
               | noofen wrote:
               | Random HN commenters might have an agenda (what would it
               | be?). Government agencies definitely have an agenda.
        
               | edoceo wrote:
               | everybody has agenda. its why its a lame point in a
               | discussion. I think its called "ad hominem"
               | 
               | https://bookofbadarguments.com/
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Random HN commenters might have an agenda
               | 
               | They're also anonymous, so you should assume the worst.
               | This is especially true when the supporting evidence is
               | suspect (ie. a bunch of arbitrary picked numbers). On the
               | other hand the BLS's methodology is documented
               | (https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/cpi/), so I'm willing to
               | give them a pass even though their incentives might be
               | skewed.
               | 
               | >(what would it be?)
               | 
               | their beliefs? "agenda" here doesn't have to be something
               | nefarious. an anti-vaxxer's agenda is anti-vaccine, but
               | that doesn't mean they're scheming to get everyone
               | infected.
        
             | programd wrote:
             | For those commenters who are skeptical of the numbers,
             | sources can be found here:
             | 
             | https://tradingeconomics.com/commodities
             | 
             | The numbers below are one year commodity price gains, as of
             | today rounded to the nearest tick (view the individual
             | graphs, 1 year timeframe as % gain):
             | 
             | Crude Oil +25%
             | 
             | Corn +70%
             | 
             | Steel +50%
             | 
             | Wheat +25%
             | 
             | Coffee +35%
             | 
             | Cotton +20%
             | 
             | Copper +60%
             | 
             | Lumber +200%
             | 
             | Soybeans +70%
        
             | techrat wrote:
             | When you throw numbers out like this, you best provide your
             | source in the comment.
        
             | athinggoingon wrote:
             | These numbers are cherry-picked. CRB-index is down 60%
             | since its all time high:
             | https://tradingeconomics.com/commodity/crb
        
           | paulpauper wrote:
           | Pundits have been making this argument since 2010 about
           | runaway inflation and about prices being unsustainable. Yet
           | prices keep going up and inflation remains low. Maybe it is
           | best to just ignore those people. There is no evidence either
           | of USD decline either. Foreign currencies, especially
           | currencies of emerging markets, have fallen considerably
           | against the dollar in recent years.
           | 
           | If there is runaway inflation, real estate would be a good
           | hedge. Inflation is not really a concern for Americans
           | because all global wealth tends to be measured in US dollars
           | anyway. It's not like Americans become poorer due to
           | inflation, because all their wealth is denominated in
           | dollars.
        
             | wallacoloo wrote:
             | > Yet prices keep going up and inflation remains low.
             | 
             | I'm struggling a bit with this. Isn't "inflation" defined
             | as the state where prices for the same good keep going up?
             | 
             | It seems to me you're focused quite narrowly on currency
             | inflation, which like you point out isn't that much of a
             | concern for the average American. What they care about is
             | inflating prices of the things necessary for a decent
             | living: food, housing, utilities, clothing, etc. "I have to
             | do more work to afford the same things". Colloquially,
             | that's the fear most people are referring to when they
             | discuss "inflation". Maybe people who have actually lived
             | through inflationary spirals think of it differently
             | though.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I think there's some disagreement on whether the CPI is
               | really an accurate representation. For example,
               | healthcare can vary wildly and can be very expensive.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | "Yet prices keep going up and inflation remains low" <-
             | this is logically impossible.
             | 
             | Also, fiat currencies can fluctuate against each other and
             | still go down as a group. The Dollar can get "stronger" by
             | losing value slower than other currencies. From a straight-
             | forward point of view, wealth is denominated in dollars.
             | But in reality, it's denominated in value, in good things
             | you can buy.
             | 
             | By this definion, we're all richer than Crassus in some
             | ways, affording things like global connectivity and
             | vaccines with ease. In land, gold, and influence old
             | Crassus was still in a league of his own, however.
        
             | euthuxnetux wrote:
             | Once anything ends petro-dollars the USD is toast.
             | 
             | Belt-and-Road has a decent chance of succeeding here, imo.
        
               | sidlls wrote:
               | On what do you base that opinion? To hear the Chinese
               | government you'd think Belt-and-Road is next to
               | perfection in terms of infrastructure, while oppositional
               | organizations tend to portray it as a relatively hastily
               | rolled out, poorly constructed shambles. The truth is
               | likely in between. And regardless, you still have to show
               | how that might cleave petro from USD.
        
               | euthuxnetux wrote:
               | Fair.
               | 
               | Definitions: There are two sources of demand for USD. One
               | is the ability to purchase oil, and the other is
               | organized international crime. I would consider crime a
               | fair-weather investor, so the big demand for USD is
               | really based on the ability to purchase oil.
               | 
               | First, examine the history of shipping tonnage [1].
               | Observe how quickly Chinese ports have come to dominate
               | all world shipping. This is representative of the general
               | trend of global supply chains coming under the
               | centralized control of the Chinese government. Nothing
               | presently happening in the US will improve our trade
               | balance in the near term.
               | 
               | Second, examine the beneficiaries of belt-and-road [2].
               | All of these countries will have an incentive to have
               | reserves of CNY. Some of these countries are significant
               | oil exporters. If oil exporters start hoarding and
               | regularly trading in CNY, then it's a small stretch for,
               | at least some of them, to start trading oil for CNY.
               | 
               | Third, since oil is fungible, any nations trading oil for
               | CNY will peg oil to the Yuan in addition to the Dollar.
               | 
               | Fourth, the governments of some nations, notably Iran,
               | publicly believe that petro-dollars have motivated the
               | government of the US to engage in warfare in and near
               | their countries. They are furthermore publicly opposed to
               | this, and publicly supportive of China ousting US
               | hegemony.
               | 
               | Then, my argument. Belt-and-road gives a large number of
               | nations a reason to hold and trade in CNY. It's a small
               | stretch for some of those nations to start trading CNY
               | for oil as well. Belt-and-road nations will have an
               | expanded connection to the Chinese military, and success
               | of belt-and-road is a face-saving issue for the Chinese
               | government. That means efforts to oppose it could spark
               | military tensions with the Chinese. This makes it
               | plausible that wars to preserve petro-dollars are
               | unlikely to succeed in belt-and-road nations.
               | 
               | There is almost no international demand for USD to
               | acquire US produced goods or labor. This means USD is
               | unlikely to succeed in an environment where it has to
               | compete with CNY as a reserve currency for oil.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_busiest_ports_b
               | y_cargo...
               | 
               | [2]
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative
        
             | thorwasdfasdf wrote:
             | We need more data on what prices really are. things like
             | the big mac index, that measure prices independently and
             | actually report just the prices, without quality
             | adjustments. This will give us a good upper bound on what
             | inflation actually is, instead of having to rely on the
             | CPI's questionable "adjustments"
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | Technological improvements make this so hard to measure,
               | even if we ignore the temptation to game the numbers.
               | 
               | New products, better products, many old products replaced
               | by new ones... it's so much more complicated than the
               | classical economics textbook case of guns & butter.
        
               | svachalek wrote:
               | Shadowstats tracks the inflation numbers using the
               | government's old formulas (pre-gaming)
               | 
               | http://www.shadowstats.com/alternate_data/inflation-
               | charts
        
               | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
               | These numbers don't seem plausible. Compared to nominal
               | GDP statistics, they would imply negative real growth
               | since 1980. This is incompatible with some periods of low
               | unemployment that occurred since 1980 (eg. the late 90s).
               | It implies that the US has constantly been in a recession
               | for decades. Also conflicts with other hard-to fake stats
               | like increased power generation and freight shipping
               | since 1980.
               | 
               | Edit: found this quote from the creator of Shadowstats
               | that they don't actually calculate their own inflation
               | numbers, but instead add a fudge factor to the official
               | numbers.
               | http://econbrowser.com/archives/2008/10/shadowstats_res
        
               | bondarchuk wrote:
               | Wow, thanks for digging that up, shines a very different
               | light on the shadowstats site which gets thrown around a
               | lot (and I'm guilty as well..).
        
             | saint_abroad wrote:
             | > It's not like Americans become poorer due to inflation,
             | because all their wealth is denominated in dollars.
             | 
             | What of the nearly 40% of Americans that can't cover a
             | surprise $400 expense, due to having no wealth?
        
               | pirate787 wrote:
               | That 40%/$400 thing is fake news.
               | 
               | https://www.cato.org/blog/it-true-40-americans-cant-
               | handle-4...
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | I think it is interesting that the writer of that article
               | pointed out that the total adds up to 143% because
               | multiple choices were allowed, but then argues that the
               | real number [of people who can actually afford $400] is
               | 86% by adding two of the choices. The entirety of the 36%
               | could potentially be included in the 50%.
        
               | saint_abroad wrote:
               | Reality is more nuanced than that.
               | https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2019/jan/29/howard-
               | sch...
               | 
               | The survey actually states, "Four in 10 adults, if faced
               | with an unexpected expense of $400, would either not be
               | able to cover it or would cover it by selling something
               | or borrowing money." https://www.federalreserve.gov/publi
               | cations/2018-economic-we...
               | 
               | Nevertheless, that doesn't strike me as having wealth.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | The key point is that most of the people "borrowing
               | money" have the means to pay cash but choose not to. It
               | is a question of how they could pay, not if they could
               | pay.
               | 
               | I borrow money all the time when I could easily pay cash.
               | Credit is more convenient and doesn't cost me anything.
               | Similarly, I have a car loan even though I could have
               | paid cash for the car. It is sensible finance.
        
               | sumtechguy wrote:
               | borrowing money right now to buy something is not a bad
               | idea... (i think) If they have just printed a ton of cash
               | (they did) that means at some point it will correct.
               | Meaning you in the long term _might_ beat the interest
               | rate if inflation gets higher than that. just an idea.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | "How would I pay a $400 bill" will always be "charge it"
               | unless there's a cost associated- getting a check or cash
               | from the bank is a hassle.
        
               | edoceo wrote:
               | a loan (with interest?), on a depreciating "asset", which
               | obligates higher risk-premium (ie:insurance) does not
               | seem sensible to me (and never has when I run the
               | numbers).
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | It absolutely makes sense as a matter of elementary
               | finance to use a loan when interest rates are low rather
               | than paying cash -- I was buying a car regardless. The
               | interest rate on the loan is far below my average rate of
               | return investing the same amount of cash. The profit on
               | the invested cash exceeds the loss from loan interest; I
               | get to keep the remainder.
               | 
               | Similarly, I put all of my daily expenses on credit. I
               | pay off all of that credit at the end of the month. I am
               | still borrowing money but I am paying no interest on it.
        
           | jeffreyrogers wrote:
           | If the numbers were really that off in the past wouldn't
           | quality of living be much less than it is for most people in
           | the US? I am skeptical of inflation staying low in the
           | future, and I think they do sometimes make questionable
           | quality adjustments in the inflation data, but if inflation
           | was actually much greater than they've claimed you would see
           | a gradual immiseration of the population.
        
             | danhak wrote:
             | *immiseration of those who don't hold assets
             | 
             | Which is precisely what's been happening. Just take a walk
             | around any major urban center in the U.S. There is misery
             | in the streets. The opioid crisis is another manifestation
             | of the same despair. Historic civil unrest, "eat the rich"
             | / "billionaires shouldn't exist" rhetoric heating up. Etc.
             | etc.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | But none of those things are very recent.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | It's been happening gradually over the course of the last
               | 40-odd years.
        
             | noofen wrote:
             | > if inflation was actually much greater than they've
             | claimed you would see a gradual immiseration of the
             | population.
             | 
             | Have you been watching the news lately? Keep watching.
             | Violence and deaths of despair are skyrocketing and will
             | continue to.
        
               | bottled_poe wrote:
               | I don't believe that. Any data sources?
        
             | wcarss wrote:
             | > you would see a gradual immiseration of the population
             | 
             | good point, there's basically no evidence[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
             | of misery across the american population.
             | 
             | 0 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Floyd_protests
             | 
             | 1 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_storming_of_the_Unit
             | ed_St...
             | 
             | 2 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mass_shootings_in
             | _the_...
             | 
             | 3 -
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitol_Hill_Occupied_Protest
             | 
             | 4 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QAnon
             | 
             | 5 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Militarization_of_police#
             | Unite...
             | 
             | 6 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student_debt#Social_and_p
             | oliti...
             | 
             | 7 - https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html
        
               | bottled_poe wrote:
               | Had a look at those. I see a lot of political discourse,
               | which is certainly related to economic prosperity, but
               | only vaguely... Has the quality of life declined in the
               | US? Have future prospects generally declined? If either
               | of those is yes, we could be in big trouble..
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | On a zoom call with a group of ~12 friends from
               | undergraduate school, there was an awkward moment where
               | one of the friends jokingly congratulated 2 of the 12 on
               | being able to afford a homes (recently purchased) and
               | start families.
               | 
               | In mid 30s, all women, all have bachelors and have been
               | employed long term, 3 of the 12 are married, 2 of the 12
               | have children, another 4 are paired up with long time
               | partners, but there was a palpable unease and underlying
               | depression about the future income prospects and lack of
               | security about where they would be able to live.
        
               | reducesuffering wrote:
               | Years ago, buying a home seemed like something you can
               | easily share and celebrate with acquaintances. Recently
               | buying a home in the Bay Area, I felt that's passed and I
               | try not to bring it up. I don't feel any satisfaction
               | from celebrating or bringing up something that 20 people
               | in a gathering have very dim prospects of ever affording,
               | and questions about it make me feel uneasy about their
               | possible uneasiness.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Ok, try doing that in the late 90's and see what happens.
        
               | paulpauper wrote:
               | you can do this for any snapshop of time, it is only now
               | that socia media makes events that decades ago would have
               | gone ignored, major news.
        
               | jeffreyrogers wrote:
               | By this definition France and 1990s Seattle would be
               | terrible places to live.
               | 
               | The opioid epidemic is potentially a real indicator of
               | immiseration (not the same thing as misery btw), but I
               | don't know much about it.
        
               | wcarss wrote:
               | Interesting -- "immiseration", as far as I know,
               | originates with 19th century socialist theory regarding
               | rising misery among the working class due to relatively
               | lower wages as capitalists accumulate wealth and
               | subjugate them[0,1]. Granted, the term is obscure and
               | jargonesque enough that in modern use it does generally
               | mean, specifically, "impoverishment". Which in other
               | words could be called misery from economic causes.
               | 
               | Please, allow at least a little breadth in the scope of
               | rhetorical wordplay: immiseration is fundamentally _about
               | misery_ , and the links I gave are examples of the broad
               | misery felt by the average American. That misery is not
               | sourceless: my entire point is that that misery is due to
               | the increasing relative impoverishment of the average
               | person.
               | 
               | On the surface it is _just misery_ , but when you think
               | about the causes, it is apparent that it is
               | _immiseration_ , in the jargon sense: the people are
               | poorer than they have ever been, and they are visibly
               | angrier and more upset because of it.
               | 
               | 0 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immiseration_thesis
               | 
               | 1 - https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Das_Kapital_Volume_One
               | /Chapte...
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | I see very little connection between the George Floyd
               | protests and increasing relative impoverishment of the
               | average person.
        
               | noofen wrote:
               | Lots of young people with nothing but time on their
               | hands?
        
               | wcarss wrote:
               | The George Floyd protest and the Capitol Riot are each
               | outpourings of rage, directed at "the system". One was
               | directed at the ongoing and increasing seeming
               | criminalization of simply _being_ Black in America, and
               | one was directed at what the people involved thought was
               | an unfair and stolen election, designed to take from them
               | what little they have. Different people, different
               | plights, different ideas: same root cause.
               | 
               | Happy, wealthy, comfortable, safe people who believe a
               | bright future is in store do _not_ take to the streets,
               | burn buildings down, and get into large scale fights with
               | their local police force. They don 't throw bricks
               | through coffee shop windows, hang out in tear gas clouds,
               | or crowd up during a pandemic.
               | 
               | Their willingness to do so, over clearly expressed
               | feelings of hopelessness and loss of control or
               | participation in the system, over a feeling that they are
               | losing out overall, it's coming from a place of
               | desperation. It is coming from a place of misery. You've
               | got to be pretty miserable if you think fighting the cops
               | sounds good.
               | 
               | I'm sorry that you see very little connection there. It
               | may unfortunately be that you see very little overall, or
               | that you're intentionally looking away.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Ignoring your gratuitous insults in the last paragraph...
               | 
               | > Happy, wealthy, comfortable, safe people who believe a
               | bright future is in store do not take to the streets,
               | burn buildings down, and get into large scale fights with
               | their local police force. They don't throw bricks through
               | coffee shop windows, hang out in tear gas clouds, or
               | crowd up during a pandemic.
               | 
               | Yeah, see, they could be wealthy, and still not _safe_
               | because of skin color. _That 's_ the point of the George
               | Floyd protests. If you see people like yourself getting
               | shot by police for reasons that seem absurd, over and
               | over, you don't feel safe. You don't believe in a bright
               | future. You aren't happy. And economics has very little
               | to do with it.
        
               | wcarss wrote:
               | I'm sorry. I didn't mean to be _gratuitous_, nor
               | particularly insulting to you.
               | 
               | I wanted to acknowledge the possibility that our
               | respective political beliefs, whatever they may be, might
               | lead us to look for different types of issues in
               | different places as root causes.
               | 
               | My own beliefs lead me to characterize choosing to
               | believe that economic inequality is not integral to the
               | Black experience in America as tantamount to wilfully
               | ignoring a root component of the problems people face. If
               | that belief is insulting to you, we may tragically be
               | living in different worlds of experience, and might not
               | ever have a meeting of the minds. That's what I was going
               | for.
               | 
               | Despite that concern, from what you said, it seems like
               | we might actually agree on a lot -- as you put it,
               | 
               | > If you see people like yourself getting shot by police
               | for reasons that seem absurd, over and over, you don't
               | feel safe. You don't believe in a bright future. You
               | aren't happy.
               | 
               | That sounds spot on to me, and I absolutely agree that
               | the fear of violence affects wealthy Black Americans too.
               | 
               | Regardless, the outpouring of rage from the community
               | certainly transcended _just_ the fear of violence from
               | police. Violence is one particularly horrifying aspect of
               | how the system hurts people, but people are being crushed
               | all over, and people are mad about all of it.
               | 
               | Here is one quick example[1] of this being stated,
               | sourced in one of the Wikipedia pages I originally linked
               | (which explicitly lists "inequality and racism" as a
               | cause of the George Floyd protests). This article is an
               | interview with the Surgeon General of America, and says:
               | 
               | > The surgeon general pointed to Covid-19 disparities and
               | other health care gaps among communities of color
               | including maternal mortality rates and the opioid crisis,
               | saying these issues and the frustration surfacing across
               | the country are intermingled.
               | 
               | > "It's on the top of my mind as a black man, as a
               | father, as a brother, as a son," Adams said.
               | 
               | The brutality of the police is certainly the salient,
               | focusing point of the protests, but the overall causes
               | and broad outpouring are larger than that. The protestors
               | have often called out the broad systemic aspects of
               | racism, like healthcare access, home ownership rates,
               | debt levels, access to quality education, and investment
               | in communities of colour. Those sorts of things impact
               | Black people's lives daily on scales far greater than
               | police brutality, and they are economic issues at heart.
               | 
               | Police violence is uniquely horrific in its instances,
               | and is the central igniting issue here, but the issues as
               | a whole are much bigger than it alone.
               | 
               | 1 - https://www.politico.com/news/2020/06/01/surgeon-
               | general-pro...
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | Sounds like we agree a great deal, then. I certainly
               | agree that economic inequality is an integral part of the
               | problems faced by blacks in America.
        
               | noofen wrote:
               | 27 unarmed black men were shot by police in the US 2020.
               | Most liberals think the number is 1,000+, and a large
               | portion think it's 10,000+ [1]. Maybe you should factor
               | this in to your analysis?
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.reddit.com/r/stupidpol/comments/lq7kvq/a
               | _recent_...
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | I tried to be careful in how I worded what I said. If I
               | were black (I'm not), and I saw news accounts over and
               | over about police shooting blacks for what (at first
               | report) seemed to be trivial reasons, I would not feel
               | safe. The number doesn't have to be statistically
               | significant; the reasons can be better than they appeared
               | at first report. None of that matters. What matters is
               | that the media is beating into my head that this is going
               | on, so I _think_ I 'm not safe. Doesn't matter whether I
               | am or not. If I think I am unsafe, everything I said in
               | my post follows. (Including the main point - that this
               | isn't about economics.)
        
               | tomp wrote:
               | Policy shouldn't be made based on people's _feelings_.
               | 
               | After all, most people feel safer driving than flying.
               | They're simply, wrong.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | We were never talking about _policy_ , so I don't know
               | why you bring that up. We were talking about the George
               | Floyd protests, and whether it was caused by peoples'
               | poverty.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | One doesn't have to be black to feel unsafe. We also have
               | to define the term unsafe. It depends on how often the
               | issue is occurring and what that individual's risk
               | tolerance is.
        
             | thorwasdfasdf wrote:
             | > If the numbers were really that off in the past wouldn't
             | quality of living be much less than it is for most people
             | in the US?
             | 
             | Yes. Absolutely. I saw an interview of someone who talked
             | about living in the 60s. He was saying how a painter could
             | own a home, afford a wife and six kids with no problem
             | without the wife even working a 2nd job. Today, a single
             | painter could barely afford himself, let alone a family of
             | six and a house. I know it's anecdotle, but the difference
             | is so vast and stark, I think it's obvious there's been a
             | huge difference in quality of life over the last 60 years.
        
               | jeffreyrogers wrote:
               | I understand this argument, and I am somewhat in
               | agreement with it. But here's where I'm skeptical. Where
               | I live, there are some homes from this time period. They
               | are very small, around ~1000sq ft. Maybe slightly bigger.
               | Now people want much larger homes. They tend to have at
               | least two cars and possibly more if they have kids. They
               | go out to eat much more frequently and spend a lot more
               | on entertainment.
               | 
               | Obviously, some of that you can't avoid. No one is making
               | 1000 sq ft brick homes anymore for new homeowners, so you
               | don't have an option of a small, cheap home in many
               | areas. You only have the option of the bigger, more
               | expensive home. But some of it is a personal choice. I
               | think there is something to the argument you're making,
               | but I also think people are underestimating the frugality
               | of people in the past.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | "Frugality of people in the past". Or, looked at from the
               | other side, "extravagance of people today".
               | 
               | Or, more neutrally, our standards and expectations have
               | changed from the 1960s. If you want the 2020 life on the
               | kind of job that got you the 1960 life, you're in for a
               | disappointment.
        
               | kec wrote:
               | You're getting cause and effect backwards. New
               | construction small homes don't exist because they aren't
               | as profitable for developers to build not because there
               | isn't demand for them.
               | 
               | I can guarantee you there are effectively zero
               | millennials living with their parents or with roommates
               | in a small apartment who would turn down the chance to
               | own an affordable small home.
        
               | maxsilver wrote:
               | > No one is making 1000 sq ft brick homes anymore for new
               | homeowners, so you don't have an option of a small, cheap
               | home in many areas. You only have the option of the
               | bigger, more expensive home
               | 
               | The bigger home is inherently cheaper, though. (At least,
               | in the US).
               | 
               | A ~1800sqft new home (the average new low-end build out
               | here in the midwest) takes way less resources and labour
               | to construct than that old 1000sqft brick home did.
               | Houses today are made out of the cheapest plastic and
               | twigs (many don't even have a single piece of real wood
               | in them anymore). Houses back then used bricks and real-
               | wood timber (expensive to purchase, expensive to move,
               | expensive to lay, etc). Your old brick house probably had
               | expensive copper pipes, new builds use plastic PEX straws
               | so cheap they're practically disposable, and so on.
               | 
               | Homes built today are made using far less labour, less
               | materials, and far cheaper materials than before. If land
               | and asset valuations had stayed consistent, homes today
               | would be drastically cheaper than before. Yes, homes are
               | "bigger", but those extra open empty spaces cost
               | practically nothing extra, the fixed costs are mostly
               | fixed and the variable costs are trivial.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > No one is making 1000 sq ft brick homes anymore for new
               | homeowners
               | 
               | Well, the single-family detached suburban California home
               | I bought as new (not complete when we signed)
               | construction in 2006 was 997 sq. ft. on 0.1 acres, so
               | other than "brick" that was certainly possible to find
               | new not that long ago.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | But 1000sqft homes still exist and they are still wildly
               | unaffordable.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | I'm in the process of moving (new job), and so I'm
               | looking for houses. There are 1000sqf houses that aren't
               | trashed for $100,000. I'm expecting to spend $500,000 for
               | a 2500sqft house anyway, and only part of that is houses
               | close to work are bigger. (there was a 1200sq ft house
               | near work for $250k - not that I would have bought
               | something that small)
        
               | thorwasdfasdf wrote:
               | Yes, average home size has increased, but that's mainly
               | for NEW homes, not existing homes.
               | 
               | You have to remember, those new homes are only bought up
               | by about 1% of the population. So, to say that 1% can
               | afford much larger homes is not saying much about the
               | other 99%.
        
         | randomopining wrote:
         | So maybe there will be a ramp up of home-building etc after the
         | suppliers re-adjust? Thus in 2 years you could see a drop in
         | prices?
        
           | putnambr wrote:
           | With all the newly inflated home values, I don't expect
           | planning and zoning committees to be able to approve anything
           | other than single family housing.
        
         | jollybean wrote:
         | "Buyers are competing against other buyers with seemingly
         | unlimited cash offers. "
         | 
         | So this should be the alarm bell that contradicts the argument.
         | 
         | In 2008 the Fed took what was then seen as a 'generational'
         | bump in assets on it's balance sheet, namely _bad real estate_
         | , effectively bailing out banks and home-owners, and arguably
         | exasperating inequality.
         | 
         | But the money printing going due to COVID has dwarfed
         | everything, to the point of multi-generational consequence, and
         | what we might argue is a 'New Financial World Order'.
         | 
         | The Central Bank realignment due to COVID may be as significant
         | as the start/end of Bretto-Woods etc. because the degree of
         | social intervention is on an unimaginable scale. Aside from the
         | 'raw numbers' it means social intervention and governmental
         | direction of the economy like we have not seen since WW2 but
         | this time without the obvious and easy infrastructural and
         | educational adjustments to make: in the 1950's there were no
         | highways - so they got build, and nobody had College degrees so
         | getting former Officers/NCO's into College was a no-brainer.
         | 
         | Interest rates have been going down, and historically lower
         | since the end of Bretton Woods, and they are now in the range
         | of where it's causing considerable strain with massive
         | leveraging, negative central bank overnight rates etc..
         | 
         | The result of this is a 'primary driver' of the Housing Boom,
         | and it's the same thing happening in almost all asset class.
         | 
         | Or in other words: we are playing flirting dangerously with
         | real, scary inflation, it's just happening in our homes so we
         | think it's all good.
         | 
         | COVID has caused us to 'look the other way' with regards to
         | financial reality, which is understandable, but that can't go
         | on forever.
         | 
         | I am not a supporter of Crypto, BTC or any of the like, and I
         | generally loathe the anti-fiat fanaticism etc. because I don't
         | think these arguments are data driven or made in good faith,
         | however, COVID has brought a lot of credibility to the fiat
         | debauching concerns.
         | 
         | Housing prices are one element of that.
        
           | treesrule wrote:
           | Joe Wiesenthal on twitter sometimes has some good anti-anti-
           | fait shtick. https://twitter.com/TheStalwart
        
           | UncleOxidant wrote:
           | > Or in other words: we are playing flirting dangerously with
           | real, scary inflation, it's just happening in our homes so we
           | think it's all good.
           | 
           | Home prices have gone up way more than incomes over the last
           | 10 years. Economists don't seem to want to call it inflation
           | until incomes are rising. I'm glad I bought a house for $180K
           | in 2011 that's worth $360K now 10 years later, but I really
           | wonder how folks who are entering the market now are able to
           | deal with the much higher monthly payment. That's going to
           | divert spending away from other parts of the economy for
           | quite a while.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >Home prices and rents have gone up way more than incomes
             | over the last 10 years
             | 
             | Home prices, maybe. But rents (aka housing)? AFAIK it's
             | kept pretty consistent: https://www.aei.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/2020/01/cpi2020-875x1...
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | The things to compare are not home prices vs rents but
               | home monthly payments vs rents. Having a mortgage is like
               | renting capital, after all.
        
               | UncleOxidant wrote:
               | Depends on location. I was charging $850/mo for a
               | detached 3BR/2BA house in 2010. I'm charging $1500/mo for
               | the same now - and I could easily be charging $1800/mo,
               | but I like the renters and don't want to lose them.
        
               | pnutjam wrote:
               | Looking at an old lease of mine, in 2007 I paid $959 for
               | this 3bd/B style. Now they are at least $1360.
               | https://www.sunblest.com/floorplans.aspx
               | 
               | These are the best value apartments in this area. The new
               | ones they built down the street have a $3300 list price
               | for a 3bd.
               | 
               | This is an affordable midwest area.
        
               | pnutjam wrote:
               | To clarify, the raise is about 8% over the regular
               | inflation rate.
               | 
               | The bigger issue is the fact that all new stuff is not
               | significantly different or better, but almost 3 times the
               | price. The floor is falling out.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | castlecrasher2 wrote:
               | >I was charging $850/mo for a detached 3BR/2BA house in
               | 2010.
               | 
               | Out of curiosity, what was the comparable rent in
               | 2005/before the crash in 2008?
        
               | putnambr wrote:
               | My rent went up 5% two years ago, another 5% a year ago,
               | and we just renewed at +33%. The housing crisis is
               | hitting the rental market.
        
               | stainforth wrote:
               | Why should landlords extract more from their renters,
               | just because they can?
        
               | putnambr wrote:
               | That's exactly it, maximizing profit. Lots of rental
               | units, at least in my area, aren't owned by individuals
               | anymore. They're owned by corporations or private equity
               | who have an obligation to their shareholders to maximize
               | profit. If I stop renting, someone else will pick up the
               | bill.
               | 
               | The landlords' operating costs haven't gone up
               | significantly either. They own the property outright, the
               | same maintenance crew is around, they're down a leasing
               | agent and manager from a year ago, and property tax
               | increases are capped in this city. Any rent increase they
               | can push beyond inflation directly lines their pockets.
        
             | quickthrowman wrote:
             | > I really wonder how folks who are entering the market now
             | are able to deal with the much higher monthly payment.
             | 
             | I'm simply choosing not to play, I'll keep renting my place
             | for $9900 a year in a metro area of 3.5 million, I'm not
             | tripling my housing costs just to get 'equity', I'll dump
             | the extra 20k a year into VTI and come out ahead in the
             | long run, equities don't require roofs or furnaces.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Maybe. IF the inflation predictions are right this time
               | your rent will jump to $50k/year, while the mortgage of
               | those who bought stays the same, so they have the money
               | to invest not you.
               | 
               | That is a big if, and there are lots of different ways
               | things can turn out. God doesn't advise me, so only time
               | will tell what really happens...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | totalZero wrote:
               | Equities can also drop 50% in a matter of weeks. Be
               | circumspect about the risks that you willingly choose for
               | yourself.
        
         | meragrin_ wrote:
         | > And then you have to do it timely enough to beat other
         | offers.
         | 
         | This is an understatement. My mother's neighbor sold their
         | house within 2 hours of it going on the market and for $20k
         | over the asking price just last week. There are realtors asking
         | around my neighborhood if anyone is getting ready to sell
         | because there are buyers looking to purchase in here. This is
         | even with developments going up like crazy. This is in a
         | northern state away from the big cities.
         | 
         | > Also, inventory is drying up because construction has been
         | heavily affected by the pandemic.
         | 
         | Not around here.
        
           | yardie wrote:
           | > Not around here.
           | 
           | If the builders haven't locked in their supply chain yet
           | you'll see it in the coming months. At the moment there is
           | very little slack in the supply chain.
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > My mother's neighbor sold their house within 2 hours of it
           | going on the market
           | 
           | I have to wonder, though - where are the people who are
           | selling their homes moving to? They're stuck in the same
           | insane buying spiral everybody else is.
        
             | Balgair wrote:
             | Typically, they put in a clause where they rent out the
             | house until they can find other housing. This may go on for
             | 1-2 months.
        
           | robotron wrote:
           | My two-layers out suburb of an attractive city had a coworker
           | sell their starter-esque home purchased a few years ago for
           | $350k sell for $620k-ish in the matter of three days.
           | Meanwhile, I'm languishing hoping to buy my first home before
           | I'm too old. About to permanently give up.
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | One of the best pieces of financial advice I have learned is, is
       | to ignore all predictions of bubbles. They are almost always
       | wrong or premature. Even if you sell, prices may never fall to
       | where you sold even if the bubble bursts. For example, had you
       | sold your stocks in 1996 because of fears of a stock market
       | bubble, when the market did crash in 2000-2003 and again in 2008
       | it would never revisit the price you sold. You would have also
       | missed out on all the dividends. Pundits also said Facebok was a
       | bubble in 2012 after it went public and Google in 2004 too and
       | Amazon and Tesla, etc. .The list goes on.
        
         | petercooper wrote:
         | Even the smartest and savviest of people read the tealeaves
         | wrong sometimes: https://signalvnoise.com/posts/2585-facebook-
         | is-not-worth-33... .. or.. does this just prove what a bubble
         | it is!? ;-) More on this one at
         | https://twitter.com/benedictevans/status/1261617044648329216
        
           | reducesuffering wrote:
           | Ouch, not the finest moment of DHH on that one. He said FB
           | wasn't worth $33B, meanwhile they're set to make that much
           | just in profit this year!
        
       | jzymbaluk wrote:
       | It really strikes me that we've basically re-invented old-school
       | landed aristocracy on a small scale in our big American cities.
       | 
       | anyone who was lucky enough to have bought a home 25+ years ago
       | in a city like San Francisco or Seattle or Boston or NYC is a
       | millionaire now, and home ownership is completely out of reach
       | for the average inhabitant of a city. Buying a home is a pretty
       | big reach even for very high earners, like the average audience
       | of HN.
       | 
       | Ultimately, housing cannot be both A) an appreciating, scarce
       | investment and B) equitably and humanely distributed.
        
         | Cd00d wrote:
         | It's worth noting that a lot of people continue to borrow on
         | their homes or take out equity.
         | 
         | I bought a home outside NYC in the fall, and the owners got
         | very little cash out of the deal, in spite of having been here
         | for 35 years.
         | 
         | Which means, that many of those that look like millionaires now
         | may be struggling to keep up with property taxes and can't
         | afford to relocate near comparable.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | As an advocate of houses as an investment, I've always been
         | against A, except to the extent that the appreciation matches
         | inflation, and even then it should only match inflation because
         | you don't count the investment in keeping it "nice"
         | 
         | Houses are an investment in shelter over your head. They work
         | out well long term if you live in them long term, but you
         | should never look at what they are worth if you sell, except
         | when calculating your net worth. Even then a renter should have
         | a higher net worth because rent is increasing with inflation,
         | while the house payments are not: the renter needs to have more
         | to cover future rent.
        
       | UncleOxidant wrote:
       | Are we running out of people with the incomes to support the
       | higher monthly payments? That's what we have to be asking. A
       | house across the street from me just sold in a couple of days for
       | $555,000 ($20K over asking). Previously sold in 2018 for
       | $424,000. The similarly sized house next to it sold for $149,000
       | in 2012. This is looking pretty bubbly to me.
        
         | aphextron wrote:
         | >The similarly sized house next to it sold for $149,000 in
         | 2012. This is looking pretty bubbly to me.
         | 
         | But 2012 was also the absolute bottom of the worst housing
         | slump in US history. If you averaged out the appreciation of a
         | median priced home at the beginning of the housing bubble in
         | 1998, which was $175,000 [0], at 3.8% annually, the historical
         | average [1], until 2021, the median price would now be just shy
         | of $400k. We currently stand at $350k median price, and that's
         | with a generational tailwind of millennials (the largest
         | generation in US history) now _just_ starting to buy homes. The
         | fact is that it 's still the single best financial decision an
         | average person can make, even at what seem like inflated
         | prices.
         | 
         | [0] https://dqydj.com/historical-home-prices/
         | 
         | [1]
         | http://www.fedprimerate.com/new_home_sales_price_history.htm
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | Monthly payments stay level even if principals go up, as long
         | as interest rates go down.
        
         | Ancalagon wrote:
         | We are probably not yet running out of buyers, because interest
         | rates are low (and hence monthly payments are low). In a way,
         | right now is a bad time to buy if you have cash in hand
         | _because_ interest rates are low causing prices to skyrocket
         | and the overall amount of money you would spend on a mortgage
         | to increase over a 30 yr period.
         | 
         | Despite this, I think whales and normal people are buying
         | property all over the place anyways because its one of the few
         | safe, good remaining investments left, and as the article
         | pointed out, people prefer investing in their own homes more
         | than any other asset.
        
       | hardtke wrote:
       | >90% of Americans prefer their primary residence as an investment
       | over the stock market. People are likely to move funds from
       | savings and the stock market into their homes, as they believe
       | this to be the best strategy.
       | 
       | The way the housing market is structured, it is a vastly superior
       | investment for most Americans. Housing is the only asset where
       | every American can be highly leveraged with a fixed downside. As
       | a house buyer you need only 10-20% down and can mortgage the
       | rest. So if the house price goes up 10%, your return on principle
       | is more than 50%. In California and some other states, first
       | mortgages are non-recourse -- if there is a short sale the
       | homeowner is not personally liable for the difference between the
       | sale price and what is owed on the loan -- this is not true if
       | you buy equities on margin. For these reasons, historically the
       | returns for Americans of modest means has been astronomically
       | larger than the returns on equities. The "all cash" phenomenon is
       | partly investors realizing there are excess returns in this
       | market.
        
         | aphextron wrote:
         | >As a house buyer you need only 10-20% down and can mortgage
         | the rest.
         | 
         | Or less. Zero down mortgages are absolutely a thing right now.
         | You can get $250k of margin on an appreciating asset for
         | nothing more than your signature, credit score, income history,
         | and a few thousand in closing costs. There's truly nothing that
         | even comes close in terms of wealth building for an average
         | person.
        
       | pbuzbee wrote:
       | Any advice for someone looking for their first home?
       | 
       | Based on this article and others I've read, it seems like many of
       | these factors (low interest rates, limited new supply, etc.) are
       | likely to continue for at least the next several years. The only
       | change that could help a first-time buyer would be if the end of
       | the pandemic leads to favorable conditions (reset preferences,
       | end of eviction moratorium, etc.). I feel like I could wait
       | another 3-5 years for it to flip towards a buyer's market, but
       | that's certainly not guaranteed and who knows how high prices
       | will have gone in the meantime.
        
         | pomian wrote:
         | location. find some other place. where the community has what
         | you need, and what you like. As with many other things such as
         | fads, sometimes all you have to do, is look across the street.
         | It's also mud if a long term thing. So think about what a
         | community could look like in the future. If it is run down, but
         | people are renovating, that's a good sign for the future.
        
         | stagger87 wrote:
         | I just bought and sold a house in a very hot market. The things
         | that people are doing right now to stand out in my market were,
         | 
         | - Get pre-approved.
         | 
         | - Write a personalized letter why they should get the home.
         | 
         | - Offer above list price and be willing to pay above appraisal
         | (part of your offer).
         | 
         | - Put your offer in right away. Most people who viewed my home
         | put in an offer within a few hours of seeing it.
         | 
         | - Forgo an inspection to get a faster close date.
         | 
         | - Pay cash if you can.
         | 
         | - Buy new construction, we bought new construction and didn't
         | have to compete with anyone. It costs a little more up front,
         | similar to a new car I imagine, but we plan on staying >10
         | years if we can help it.
         | 
         | As long as you are financially secure I wouldn't wait for a
         | better market. IMO it doesn't matter if the market is high or
         | low, it only really matters if you leave the market.
        
           | robotron wrote:
           | > we bought new construction and didn't have to compete with
           | anyone
           | 
           | In my market this isn't the case. Some builders are having
           | literal blind auctions on small lot starter homes - after the
           | X months wait list gets you there.
        
           | almost_usual wrote:
           | > Write a personalized letter why they should get the home.
           | 
           | In CA realtors are trying to push back on this. They claim
           | fair housing law risk.
           | 
           | I don't see any risk though if you're the first offer.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Right now you're almost certainly not the first offer, and
             | even if you are, they'll have 5+ more by the end of the
             | day. This means that your letter could theoretically be the
             | deciding factor in which offer they pick, which does have
             | the potential to run against fair housing laws.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | scelerat wrote:
         | The best time to buy is ten years ago. The second best time to
         | buy is now. (to paraphrase a proverb)
         | 
         | You really can't predict. low interest rates are awesome.
        
         | MuffinFlavored wrote:
         | > I feel like I could wait another 3-5 years
         | 
         | > who knows how high prices will have gone in the meantime.
         | 
         | Devil's advocate but the average person might also have 3-5
         | years more of savings + cost of living salary raises by then
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | If the area you're looking at has land supply (I.e, empty
           | lots and not all built up) I would wait - there is a new
           | house supply crunch caused by inflated materials cost caused
           | by drops in production during covid.
           | 
           | Those at least should level out at some point and supply in
           | those areas increase.
           | 
           | All bets are off in built up metro areas. Be sure you won't
           | have regrets if you end up having to stay there 10+ years.
        
           | almost_usual wrote:
           | Agreed. Timing the housing market is like trying to time the
           | stock market.
           | 
           | If you can afford a home, want to buy one, and it's in a
           | location you want to be in, it makes sense to buy.
        
       | pjbk wrote:
       | Reminded me a bit to the classical NY Fed paper before the
       | subprime crisis [0]. Each bubble is different as much as each
       | bubble is the same. I guess the main invariant is that what goes
       | up must come down at some point, because of "reasons" and
       | principles of human nature on complex individual and group
       | behavior. Usually those are only clear after the fact.
       | 
       | [0] -
       | https://www.newyorkfed.org/research/epr/04v10n3/0412mcca.htm...
        
       | ragle wrote:
       | Whether or not we are in a bubble is increasingly the wrong
       | question to be asking in an age where failure for sufficiently-
       | large institutions is no longer permitted.
       | 
       | The question used to be pretty simple: "has a sufficient portion
       | of the market been priced out to the extent that demand
       | collapses"?
       | 
       | As we've seen in equities / derivatives (and increasingly,
       | commodity) markets - the answer to that question is now
       | perpetually "lol, number go up" because large investment banks
       | have essentially infinite access to free money and will be bailed
       | out if they get in trouble.
       | 
       | On a long enough timeline the end result of this is that more and
       | more Americans write their rent checks to institutional
       | investors. [1]
       | 
       | Sure, many Americans own their homes now (or have a nice cushion
       | of equity). But what happens as wage growth continues to stay
       | relatively flat while cost of living rises dramatically and folks
       | need money for medical bills or their kid's college tuition (or
       | w/e)? They sell and become renters.
       | 
       | There's a pretty bleak future for American housing absent
       | regulation in this space.
       | 
       | [1] -
       | https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/02/singl...
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | What exactly are you proposing be regulated?
        
           | ragle wrote:
           | Ownership of single-family residential properties by large
           | financial institutions should be limited to their traditional
           | role - i.e. custodial ownership of a home for the duration of
           | a mortgage.
        
             | anonuser123456 wrote:
             | How about we just let people build more and let the market
             | be liquid and efficient?
        
         | musingsole wrote:
         | > more and more Americans write their rent checks to
         | institutional investors
         | 
         | Homes as a wealth vehicle has been the standing wisdom for a
         | while. That being less and less true (by virtue of requiring a
         | higher and higher degree of wealth to even play) is scary in
         | that there isn't an immediately obvious alternative with nearly
         | the same odds. Also scary in that a lot (a lot a lot) of rules
         | have been written and enshrined with the assumption of that
         | fading wisdom.
         | 
         | At what point does it cross a type of pandemic level where
         | fighting it isn't the best strategy but mitigating it and
         | finding alternatives is the only route forward?
        
         | treesrule wrote:
         | I mean, regulation is why the housing market is so bad (SFZ
         | environmental review etc), so really what we need is forced
         | deregulation.
         | 
         | Edit: Some people might have misunderstood what I said so
         | here's what I mean: What we really want is states to force
         | localities to reduce zoning restrictions on new construction
        
           | pibechorro wrote:
           | Ding ding ding ding!
        
           | techrat wrote:
           | Because deregulation did wonders for telecoms, energy
           | companies in texas, boeing, subprime mortages, etc...
        
             | pibechorro wrote:
             | Deregulation hand in hand with allowing things to fail is
             | the answer. The issue here is the constant bailouts. We
             | live in a fake economy.
        
               | minikites wrote:
               | The economy wouldn't crater if these massive institutions
               | failed? I find that hard to believe.
        
             | treesrule wrote:
             | I mean, there are specific regulations we can point to that
             | are making houses and housing more expensive, I don't see
             | how "allowing people to build more houses" could
             | destabilizing living?
        
               | techrat wrote:
               | Deregulation in this case wouldn't lead to "allowing
               | people to build more houses" but "allowing people to
               | build more * _unsafe*_ houses. "
               | 
               | Regulations are written in blood.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Less safe does not mean unsafe. Marginal gains in safety
               | after a certain threshold may not be worth it. People
               | wear helmets on bicycles, but no one wears a helmet just
               | walking around.
               | 
               | Several years ago I read a German interview with a
               | construction engineer who complained about the industrial
               | lobby that pushes more and more regulations that,
               | incidentally (/sarc), increase a (forced) demand for
               | their products.
               | 
               | He gave several examples, of which I remember one. It is
               | now law in Germany that new homes with French windows
               | must have extra strong glass in them. The reason? What if
               | a toddler on a tricycle ran into the glass and suffered
               | serious injuries or death?
               | 
               |  _Now_ , said the engineer, _there are no cases in
               | Germany of this actually ever happening, or at least we
               | do not have any records of them_. But this what-if
               | theoretical scenario increases construction costs of new
               | German homes by a thousand euro or so. (And increases a
               | basically guaranteed demand for products of a few
               | certified safety glass vendors A LOT!) Take forty or
               | fifty such extra requirements together and their
               | cumulative effect on price of the finished home starts
               | being significant.
               | 
               | But no one wants to be known as a potential child killer,
               | so it is not worth opposing such measures.
               | 
               | The level of safety gained by such measures is
               | nevertheless dubious. People didn't die in homes built to
               | the less stringent standards of 1990 like flies.
        
               | techrat wrote:
               | > People wear helmets on bicycles, but no one wears a
               | helmet just walking around.
               | 
               | When you start off with a false equivalence...
        
               | rank0 wrote:
               | I disagree. Why can't you relax zoning restrictions
               | without relaxing safety requirements?
        
               | floor2 wrote:
               | Oh come on. Obviously people aren't clamoring for
               | bringing back asbestos or dumping sewage into the street.
               | 
               | Regulations are written for a wide range of reasons-
               | legitimate safety issues, quality of life concerns,
               | propping up values, funneling money to groups favored by
               | the politicians or bureaucrats crafting the rules,
               | political grandstanding against imaginary problems,
               | particular rules favored by coordinated special interest
               | groups, etc.
               | 
               | I once lived in an area where several suburbs all met,
               | you could drive a few blocks and cross imaginary lines
               | separating different legal cities. They had different
               | regulations for minimum lot size, how close structures
               | could be to the property lines, how trees on the property
               | needed to be handled, whether you could put two separate
               | structures on one property, etc. Obviously none of these
               | things impacted safety, but did impact density, home
               | prices, etc.
        
           | danaris wrote:
           | Based on your subsequent comments, it seems like what you
           | specifically mean is "reduce (probably zoning-based)
           | restrictions on the construction of new residential
           | buildings".
           | 
           | Phrasing this as "forced deregulation" is...not going to get
           | people to recognize what you actually mean, because 95% of
           | the time, when people say they want "deregulation," what they
           | mean is they want big businesses to be allowed to exploit the
           | middle and lower classes however the hell they want with no
           | consequences.
           | 
           | If you do, in fact, mean specifically "reduce zoning
           | restrictions on new construction", I suggest using phrasing
           | like that, because it'll communicate your intention much more
           | clearly. (If you don't, then I have misunderstood you, and
           | apologize for the confusion.)
        
             | treesrule wrote:
             | thanks!
        
           | minikites wrote:
           | Why do you think entrenched power needs to be entrenched
           | further? Our current situation can be traced back to
           | deregulation:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financialization#Deregulation_.
           | ..
           | 
           | >The securities that were so instrumental in triggering the
           | financial crisis of 2007-2008, asset-backed securities,
           | including collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) were
           | practically non-existent in 1978. By 2007, they comprised
           | $4.5 trillion in assets, equivalent to 32% of U.S. GDP.
        
             | treesrule wrote:
             | This is a total nosequitor, building more apartment
             | buildings would make apartments cheaper, being allowed to
             | build two houses on your one house lot would make houses
             | cheaper etc. Like do you have a reasonable path from
             | "people have more latitude to build on their own property"
             | to putting families or individuals in a dangerous financial
             | situation.
        
           | Cd00d wrote:
           | I find it suspect that environmental regulations are the
           | driver of housing market issues.
           | 
           | That's a claim you should be substantiating and not making a
           | blanket statement about.
        
             | treesrule wrote:
             | Fair enough, let me find you a good article on the subject
        
             | treesrule wrote:
             | See here for example:
             | 
             | Basically anyone can just maliciously sue if they don't
             | like a development and force a length environmental review
             | process.
             | 
             | https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/03/signature
             | -...
             | 
             | Also just as an aside, I'm in favor of large, expensive
             | intervention for both climate change and the environment in
             | general but Environmental review at least in California is
             | basically worth nothing compare to investing a billion
             | dollars in solar cell research or building a nuclear power
             | plant.
        
             | scrose wrote:
             | In NYC, people call for multi-year environmental reviews to
             | stall putting in something as good for the environment a
             | new bike lane. Not sure where you live, but if you just
             | look up where SEQR is referenced NYS lawsuits or sit in any
             | local CB meetings on buildings and zoning, you'll see it
             | often come up around both buildings and bike lanes as a way
             | to kill momentum on a project for years.
        
             | dionidium wrote:
             | Maybe not environmental review, specifically (which differs
             | quite a bit state to state), but zoning and onerous
             | building regulations more generally are a significant
             | factor. At this point the burden is really on detractors to
             | explain why artificially limiting supply for decades didn't
             | affect prices.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | frgtpsswrdlame wrote:
       | An article about housing on hacker news, let's see, let me put on
       | my Carnac hat and guess this article is about zoning. Anyways, I
       | think the pandemic has shown that the monomaniacal focus on
       | zoning reform isn't actually well suited to what people want out
       | of their housing. Hasn't this pandemic pretty well proved that
       | when people aren't at the office they want a little more space?
       | And not just inside but outside too. Yards are nice, people like
       | yards, the single family lot in the suburbs _is_ the American
       | dream. I think the focus on zoning always takes the same
       | rhetorical trick,  "Build where people want to live" and abuses
       | the hell out of it. Do people actually want to live in highrises
       | in megacities? Or do they just do it so they can land a decent
       | job? Maybe the problem isn't moving more housing into cities,
       | it's moving more jobs out of them. The zoning reform people only
       | ever look at one side of that equation.
        
         | zepto wrote:
         | _This_ x 100. It's a _good_ thing is development of nice places
         | to live and work is pushed out of the current center so that
         | _more of the country is livable_.
        
         | devingoldfish wrote:
         | > Hasn't this pandemic pretty well proved that when people
         | aren't at the office they want a little more space?
         | 
         | Yea, and they want a pool and a free pony too. Given that
         | people can't all get the housing they want, how do we solve for
         | the housing problems we've run headlong into? Building more
         | housing is absolutely a meaningful way to attack the problem,
         | and zoning reform is a part of that.
         | 
         | > Do people actually want to live in highrises in megacities?
         | Or do they just do it so they can land a decent job?
         | 
         | Of course jobs are the driver here, but that means that
         | incidentally, yes they do want to live in high-rises in
         | megacities. There's no real sign of large cities releasing
         | their hold on productivity and good paying jobs, the current
         | remote work in a pandemic thing not withstanding.
         | 
         | > The zoning reform people only ever look at one side of that
         | equation.
         | 
         | As someone who has faced the SF Bay Area housing crisis over
         | the last ten years, I'd be fine with people moving out. But
         | it's not a realistic solution, given that the good jobs are
         | still here. Not to mention, there's not much we can do to
         | reverse the economic incentives that bring people to places
         | like San Francisco, but there is something we can do about
         | local zoning rules. So it's entirely rational that people focus
         | on building housing in these cities rather than trying to
         | convince people not to move here in the first place.
        
       | scelerat wrote:
       | Count me among people that bought a house in 2020 (late December)
       | partially because of the "practically free" cost of borrowed
       | money due to low interest rates.
        
       | dcow wrote:
       | Anyone want to start a city with me? Find some overlooked land
       | near decent water and with good fiber and explicitly build out
       | with unregulated zoning and minimal city planning. City only owns
       | utilities and emergency services. Municipal fiber. A remote work
       | hub.
       | 
       | I have no idea how but willing to figure it out as we go. The
       | idea has been crossing my mind more and more frequently of late.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Sounds like Houston.
         | 
         | I'm surprised someone hasn't bought a rail line with one end in
         | a major metro and the other an hour away in empty land and just
         | built a rail suburb.
        
         | pomian wrote:
         | Great idea! So many nice communities across the country. I
         | often wonder why more companies don't just take over - giving
         | their employees quality of life options.
        
       | lkrubner wrote:
       | There is only one real question here: why is that 1916-1980 Fed
       | stimulus would tend to raise wages, whereas since 2000 Fed
       | stimulus has no effect on wages but instead becomes asset
       | inflation?
       | 
       | The Fed increased the money supply last year. A lot. So asset
       | prices are going up. That much is straightforward. But in another
       | era the same stimulus would have manifested less as asset
       | inflation and more as an increase in wages. The only important
       | question is why that has changed. As we saw in 2019, even very
       | low unemployment no longer leads to rapidly rising wages. What is
       | holding wages down?
        
         | Sammi wrote:
         | Lyn Alden does a deep dive into money printing and inflation
         | and describes the difference between the money printing in the
         | past and what is going on now:
         | 
         | https://www.lynalden.com/economic-japanification/
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > There is only one real question here: why is that 1916-1980
         | Fed stimulus would tend to raise wages, whereas since 2000 Fed
         | stimulus has no effect on wages but instead becomes asset
         | inflation?
         | 
         | Because recent Fed monetary policy occurs in a different fiscal
         | policy environment, and fiscal policy has a lot more impact on
         | distribution of returns than monetary policy.
         | 
         | > What is holding wages down?
         | 
         | 4 decades of fiscal (both tax and benefit) policy starting with
         | Republicans and then joined by Clintonian Third Way Democrats
         | which has focussed on taking support away from the poor and
         | working class and concentrating gains in the narrow, major
         | investor class in the notional hope that those at the bottom
         | will get trickled-down-upon by the wealthy (a hope which has
         | been realized more in the form of golden showers than showers
         | of gold.)
        
       | intergalplan wrote:
       | I think they're right (kind of).
       | 
       | I think we're in a bit of a bubble.
       | 
       | But I think the main driver is severe asset inflation, so when
       | the bubble pops we'll find it only unwinds a year or two, at
       | most, of the insane price-growth we've seen... well, ever since
       | the recovery from '08, actually.
        
       | tengbretson wrote:
       | The article says that single family zoning rules are causing the
       | shortage that drives up the price we're seeing right now. So they
       | argue that the solution is to open up those restrictions so that
       | more multi-unit buildings can be built and that this will "break
       | the restrictions on homeownership in America." Multi-unit
       | buildings are _overwhelmingly_ more common to be rentals than
       | occupant-owned condos, so how is this a solution that actually
       | increases people 's ability to own their homes?
       | 
       | Seems like its just a bait-and-switch in favor of landlords.
        
         | burlesona wrote:
         | It would be a lot easier and more marketable to take the more
         | run down single family homes that have become too expensive for
         | most people and do rebuilds that turn that lot into two homes.
         | The financial model for a developer is easier too, you do the
         | transaction and you're done, as opposed to needing to be a
         | landlord for a long time, or find just the right kind of
         | investor to buy a 4-unit apartment (which is really rare).
         | 
         | There is an entire spectrum of housing types that are generally
         | referred to as the "missing middle," which are common in old
         | cities and European cities but virtually non existent in post-
         | ww2 America.
         | 
         | That's what removing or relaxing single family zoning should
         | allow.
        
         | woah wrote:
         | Why would someone want to own a home?
         | 
         | 1. Tap into an ever-rising, yet completely safe investment
         | asset with massive leverage.
         | 
         | 2. You can get more space owning than you can renting.
         | 
         | 3. You have more certainty (can't be evicted, etc)
         | 
         | 4. You enjoy home improvement as a weekend hobby.
         | 
         | 1, 2 and 3 are ponzinomics.
         | 
         | 1. This is obvious, and the main factor. It is only true
         | because of the artificially constrained housing supply. Without
         | this artificial scarcity, housing wouldn't increase in price
         | any more than copper or pork bellies. Spending all of your net
         | worth and going deep into debt to invest in a single pig farm
         | would be considered very foolish and undiversified. Investing
         | in a single housing property would be the same without the
         | artificial market distortion. Existing homeowners have created
         | this market distortion by pushing through ever-tighter zoning
         | regulations at the local level. They are always ranting about
         | conspiracies of "landlords" and "developers". Businesses that
         | increase the housing supply are their natural enemy.
         | 
         | 2. This is related to the factor above. You can't really get
         | more space buying than renting, you just feel that it is safer
         | to spend a large portion of your income on a mortgage since
         | it's such a "safe investment".
         | 
         | 3. Eviction wouldn't be an issue in a market with sufficient
         | supply. Your rent wouldn't go up any faster than inflation, and
         | might even go down. A landlord wouldn't want to evict you any
         | more than a business would want lose you as a customer.
         | 
         | 4. I guess I will have to concede that renting is a worse
         | option for hobbyist carpenters.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | I think you're really missing the mark on 4. This is not
           | about enjoying home improvement as a hobby, it's about being
           | allowed to improve your own living conditions.
           | 
           | I can do whatever I want with my property, within building
           | codes, without having to ask a landlord. Want to knock down a
           | wall, upgrade the stove to gas, build a shed in the backyard?
           | You have the freedom. If my faucet is leaking, I don't have
           | to beg someone to send a plumber.
        
           | tengbretson wrote:
           | Wouldn't any refutation of points 1, 2, and 3 as ponzinomics
           | also apply to landlords?
        
             | woah wrote:
             | Housing should be a low margin, boring business. Smalltime
             | landlords buying, renting, and flipping properties on
             | leverage is another symptom of a distorted market.
        
         | pbronez wrote:
         | I saw some analysis a while back that said 2-3 story garden
         | apartments are the most economically and environmentally sound
         | level of density to shoot for. Would be neat to see those
         | available as condos. You could double or triple density without
         | pricing people out or creating urban environmental problems.
        
           | MuffinFlavored wrote:
           | > I saw some analysis a while back that said 2-3 story garden
           | apartments
           | 
           | A big part of the "American dream" of homeownership (for me
           | at least) is to not have any connected walls to anybody else
           | (no condo, no apartment, no townhouse). I am going to guess a
           | lot of people feel similar to me. 2-3 story garden apartments
           | might be efficient, but I am willing to bet a lot of families
           | selfishly want a single family home.
        
             | woah wrote:
             | Then they will need to get used to driving 3 hours a day
        
         | mdorazio wrote:
         | More units available means lower rental prices (in general),
         | which means renters _should_ be able to save more money to
         | purchase a home later. There 's a big assumption baked in there
         | that condos & houses don't get snapped up by existing landlords
         | or rise in price faster than the savings rate of renters. But
         | that's the thinking.
        
         | stonkdonk wrote:
         | Yeah I don't get it. People want to buy a home so that they
         | have more space and privacy, including outdoor space. Sure,
         | some condos have roof decks, balconies, or shared yards, but so
         | do rentals.
        
       | asciimov wrote:
       | I live in what used to be a very affordable metro. After years of
       | saving and getting out of debt, I am finally able to buy a house.
       | Well I would have been under normal market conditions.
       | 
       | When I moved to my neighborhood 7 years ago the average price of
       | a 1500sqft home was 130K. Prices on those homes have gone up
       | slowly up over the years but the last 18 months where price have
       | skyrocketed. Those same homes are now being listed for 240-250k
       | and closing above asking.
       | 
       | I've had multiple realtors in my area tell me, that unless I have
       | an extra 50k available beyond my down payment it is unlikely that
       | I will be able to buy right now. Why? None of the houses are
       | being appraised for as much as they are listing, so you have to
       | cover that gap and then you will want to offer 20K+ over asking
       | to make sure you get the house.
       | 
       | The last few homes that I have looked at already had offers on
       | them before they were put on the market. These homes open on a
       | Saturday and close Sunday evening with 15-20 offers. And who
       | exactly are getting these homes? Out of towners, usually from the
       | west coast, with cash only offers.
        
       | refurb wrote:
       | I get the sense identifying a bubble is similar to identifying
       | alcoholism.
       | 
       | If you find yourself having to spend time explain to people why
       | you're not an alcoholic there is a good chance you are one.
        
       | 2020aj wrote:
       | We might not be in a true bubble, but the set of circumstances
       | that have lead to the market increase have been a "perfect
       | storm". I think once we get to the other side of the pandemic
       | much of what is driving housing prices will revert to or trend
       | towards precovid norms. It's likely there will be a market
       | correction when (if) that occurs, so it's a bit missing the point
       | to say "well technically it's not a bubble".
        
       | bondarchuk wrote:
       | One thing I don't understand. I hear a lot of stories about a
       | house being sold within a few days (or hours..) for $x over
       | asking price. In these cases, why do sellers not wait for a few
       | weeks, or list the house for a higher asking price?
        
         | bick_nyers wrote:
         | I could be wrong, I am by no means well versed in this, but I
         | think they are limited by appraisals and inspections. If the
         | house gets appraised significantly less than the offer, I
         | believe that the buyer can leave their offer, effectively
         | wasting two weeks of the seller's time. The goal then is to get
         | a cash offer that goes through an expedited process where an
         | appraisal is not needed. In addition, for all of the sellers
         | that believe we are in some degree of a bubble, they want to
         | hurry to sell before it pops/deflates.
        
           | shanecleveland wrote:
           | I believe this is correct. And even if the buyer is willing
           | to pay the price, the bank may not be willing to offer the
           | mortgage over the appraisal amount. Cash is king, but not all
           | offers for the same price are equal, such as VA loans with
           | requirements and such.
           | 
           | Pre-2008 crash, lenders could pick their appraiser and it was
           | easier for them to have the appraisal match up with the
           | asking price. The lender was likely selling off the loan,
           | anyway.
           | 
           | Appraisals are now assigned to a pool. Doesn't mean there are
           | not any shenanigans though. They all still know each other.
        
         | MuffinFlavored wrote:
         | I think the theory is "if you list it at a lower price, it'll
         | incite a bidding war".
        
           | oh_sigh wrote:
           | It isn't really a bidding war, it is everyone guessing at
           | what the next best offer is and trying to beat it. I never
           | understood why, if you have 20 offers on a house and $500k is
           | the best, the realtor doesn't go back to the other 19 and say
           | they need to offer at least $505k, and repeat the process
           | until there is a single offer remaining.
        
             | sushid wrote:
             | Risk reward ratios are skewed for the realtor. It might
             | make sense for the owners but it's easier to forgo the
             | extra $150 you get as the realtor and just close the deal
             | right now as is.
        
         | jxidjhdhdhdhfhf wrote:
         | If the buyer is paying with a mortgage, then the bank will only
         | lend based on what they appraise the house as worth.
        
         | ativzzz wrote:
         | Same here. I've never bought a house so I don't quite know the
         | details about it, but if people are getting 15-20 offers on a
         | house within 24 hours of it going on sale, why not just raise
         | the price?
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | List it low, get 20 offers over the price, pick the
           | highest/best one.
           | 
           | Holding it open for longer is unlikely to get higher ones -
           | it's basically an auction.
        
         | jhauris wrote:
         | I suspect many times the seller is also a buyer of a new house,
         | and facing the same kinds of competition. So they need to close
         | quickly on their sale to cover the close on the buy.
        
       | jeffreyrogers wrote:
       | One thing I find odd about the current housing market is how many
       | people aren't paying rent right now.[0] Once evictions are
       | allowed again surely that is going to have some impact on prices.
       | Especially if, as many people suspect, many of these homes are
       | investments rather than owner occupied. Maybe it won't affect the
       | housing market much though because the problems are mainly in
       | low-income housing? That seems like a sketchy assumption.
       | 
       | [0]: I couldn't find a good number for this in my quick search
       | for it, but I remember seeing something about how a fairly high
       | percentage of renters aren't paying rent currently.
        
         | burlesona wrote:
         | There is also a ton of commercial real estate operating in
         | "extend and pretend" mode. It seems unlikely that all of that
         | just stabilizes with no drama. But I think the policies of the
         | moment are not really aimed at solving that problem, they're
         | aimed at delaying the worst of the housing crisis until the
         | worst of the pandemic crisis is behind us.
        
       | bko wrote:
       | > as the stimulus packages have been targeted towards basic
       | infrastructure and assistance programs for lower income groups.
       | 
       | This made me chuckle. If anyone is curious, this is where the
       | money went [0]. To say that the money was focused on lower income
       | groups is laughable. 2.9 out of 12 trillion allocated went to
       | asset purchases, basically buying treasuries and mortgage backed
       | securities. How many lower income groups hold treasuries?
       | 
       | [EDIT] If anyone is curious about an alternative view, I've been
       | kind of obsessed on this topic over the last few weeks are wrote
       | about it extensively [1] and tried documenting the ridiculous
       | rise in asset price levels to levels much higher than even that
       | of pre-covid [2]. To say that there's nothing going on when
       | nearly all asset prices are 30+% past their pre-covid peaks is
       | ridiculous.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.covidmoneytracker.org/
       | 
       | [1] https://mleverything.substack.com/p/where-did-
       | the-12-trillio...
       | 
       | [2] https://mleverything.substack.com/p/where-did-
       | the-12-trillio...
        
         | snikeris wrote:
         | I liked this guy's take:
         | 
         | "Two Centuries Of National Debt In One Year: Putting 2020 In
         | Perspective"
         | 
         | http://danielamerman.com/va/ccc/H3TwoCenturies.html
        
         | nightski wrote:
         | Isn't this how the fed injects money into the government? By
         | printing it and buying government securities?
        
           | jerry1979 wrote:
           | The Fed also bought (continues to buy?) private bonds, which
           | keeps the cost of money low for big players.
           | 
           | https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/16/fed-decision-
           | december-2020-f...
        
           | bko wrote:
           | Correct. My assertion is that the Fed overshot this by
           | increasing the money supply by ~24% in a single year, causing
           | all asset prices to skyrocket (see link in original post).
           | All the money sloshing around the market is exactly what
           | makes it a bubble. Nearly all assets and industries are
           | considerably higher in valuation despite having a much
           | grimmer outlook with everything that has happened over the
           | last year
        
             | reedjosh wrote:
             | If it's a bubble how do you see it crashing? Would a move
             | from asset prices to inflation of everyday goods do it?
        
               | Guest42 wrote:
               | My opinion is that the stock market is setting the tone
               | for what is going on and that at some point the major
               | players might want to cash out their position causing
               | stock prices and consumer sentiment to drop. Although I
               | wonder if it's more profitable for them to cash out
               | slowly as prices keep getting pushed up thanks to the
               | relative lack of a bond market and other manipulations.
        
               | dlkmp wrote:
               | Increasing interest rates.
               | 
               | I don't know enough to estimate the likelihood of that
               | happening but it seems like the obvious danger.
        
               | pirate787 wrote:
               | Higher rates are the solution, not the danger. The danger
               | is the economic waste from artificially lowering rates,
               | causing bubbles and massive misallocation of resources.
        
               | bko wrote:
               | That's a tough question to answer. I think it will come
               | down to consumer prices but there are a lot of other
               | things that can skew that. For instance, businesses don't
               | want to raise prices so sometimes they'll cut corners to
               | reduce costs. You've seen this in chocolate bars where
               | the typical bar shrinks over the year and then eventually
               | introduce king size to allow for some price inflation.
               | 
               | Measuring cpi is also incredibly complicated. I was
               | shocked it's been so low forever considering over 50% of
               | the index is housing, healthcare and education, three
               | products for which we've seen high price growth for
               | decades. So the official number may be "managed"
               | especially considering that trillions in pensions and
               | social security cost depends on it's reporting.
               | 
               | But the money supply grew so fast, i don't think any
               | massaging of the data will be able to hide it
               | indefinitely
               | 
               | There's no political will for things like higher interest
               | rates or reduced spending, among either political party.
               | The new generation has never seen mortgage rates in
               | double digits
               | 
               | I see future price controls and other draconian measures
               | to try to deal with the fallout. Example is gas lines in
               | 1970s. It'll eventually hurt the real economy as
               | artificial scarcity from price controls hurts business.
               | 
               | Only thing is somewhat certain about is something will
               | happen. This seems insane that a unit of account can just
               | grow 25% in one year with no signs of stopping with no
               | consequences
        
               | prichino wrote:
               | Bitcoin will happen. This injection of money can be seen
               | as a cashout of the current system, selling as much USD
               | as the market can take while it is still possible.
        
               | semi-extrinsic wrote:
               | It's not just politicians and "the new generation" who
               | don't want double-digit mortgage rates. Surely it is also
               | regarded as a present impossibility by the banks.
               | 
               | I mean, barring massive inflation, a double-digit
               | mortgage rate would put so many home owners in default
               | that it would make the global financial crisis of 2008
               | look like a birthday party for small children.
               | 
               | The "something will happen" part I agree with. I think we
               | will need to come to terms with the fact that our world
               | has crossed the inflection point on the S-curve that all
               | growing populations are confined to. And that will mean
               | dismantling current financial mechanisms such as
               | "interest rates".
               | 
               | I'm dead serious - I don't know how the financial system
               | will look like in 2100, but I'm convinced that "interest
               | rates" as we know and use them today will be something
               | taught only in "history of economics" class.
        
               | jchrisa wrote:
               | If we are asking the big questions, it's worth
               | considering what the macro-economic impact would be if
               | taxation was ended, and the government funded itself
               | solely through printing money. The discourse is all about
               | lowering the tax burden on the rich so they can innovate.
               | But my intuition is without taxes, the rich would be hit
               | harder with inflation than the middle class. So even a
               | strong progressive taxation system can be seen as a
               | giveaway to the rich.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Most US mortgages are fixed rate mortgages, so increasing
               | mortgage rates would not affect the monthly payments
               | people have to make for their homes, therefore it would
               | not cause home owners to default (in the US).
               | 
               | In May 2019, adjustable rate mortgage applications were
               | only 6.2%:
               | 
               | https://www.mba.org/2019-press-releases/may/mortgage-
               | applica...
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | Sure, there has been very little reason to take out an
               | adjustable rate mortgage when you can lock in a
               | historically low rate which has been the case the last
               | couple of years. However ARMs were one of the things that
               | caused the market to collapse in 2008 and as rates tick
               | back up over time it's likely that they could become an
               | attractive option again. The other thing is that at some
               | point people need to sell and what is barely affordable
               | to so many now at 3% will surely become unobtainable for
               | many more when rates are 7 or 8%. At some point doesn't
               | it turn into a mobility crisis as there's less and less
               | people who can afford to buy.
        
               | bko wrote:
               | > I mean, barring massive inflation, a double-digit
               | mortgage rate would put so many home owners in default
               | that it would make the global financial crisis of 2008
               | look like a birthday party for small children.
               | 
               | Not necessarily. The percentage of new mortgages that are
               | ARMs (adjustable rate) is very low.
               | 
               | > ARMs accounted for just 2.6 percent of mortgage
               | applications in recent weeks and fell to 2.2 percent this
               | week, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association.
               | 
               | Not sure about existing supply but I think it would be
               | single digits as well. And most ARMs are longer (e.g. 7-1
               | or 10-1) meaning the floating rate portion doesn't kick
               | in until 7 or 10 years in (respectively). Mortgage rates
               | have been low so long I imagine most people with older
               | arms refinanced long ago or built up enough equity where
               | they'll be able to refinance at higher rates if they had
               | to.
               | 
               | So existing mortgage holders wouldn't be hit with higher
               | costs. However the valuation of their home would likely
               | tank making a lot of mortgages effectively underwater
               | (you owe more than the asset is worth). You will see a
               | lot of people do strategic defaults or try to re-
               | negotiate their balance. If I owe 500k on a home worth
               | 450k, I might be fine with it, but if the home was only
               | worth $250k, I would definitely consider a "strategic
               | default", walk away from my mortgage, take a hit on my
               | credit and buy essentially the same home at half the
               | price. But lenders aren't stupid more realistically
               | they'd negotiate down my balance and there would be
               | federal programs to encourage refinancing.
               | 
               | https://www.bankrate.com/mortgages/arms-disappear-from-
               | mortg...
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | > This seems insane that a unit of account can just grow
               | 25% in one year with no signs of stopping with no
               | consequences
               | 
               | The equation of exchange is MV=PQ, not M=PQ. The velocity
               | of money (V) is falling right now as the money supply (M)
               | is growing, that's why increasing the money supply hasn't
               | had consequences (yet).
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_of_exchange
        
               | akomtu wrote:
               | Owners of the stores that sell everyday goods compete for
               | the same housing.
        
             | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
             | It's not a bubble. If there's 25% more money, money is
             | worth 25% less. It's not a bubble when things cost 25% more
             | - it means your pay stayed the same - but the money is
             | worth 25% less. This is great if you own assets and employ
             | people and have "capital gains". It's not so great if you
             | don't own assets and "earn income".
        
               | loonster wrote:
               | It also means you pay taxes on wealth that was never
               | created.
        
               | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
               | It also means more people are pushed into higher tax
               | brackets and pay more of their income in taxes. It's
               | great if you're making 50% more money than 10 years ago.
               | But if dollars are worth 50% less - then you're breaking
               | even. And if your effective tax rate when from 28% to 35%
               | - you're actually behind.
        
               | semi-extrinsic wrote:
               | Yes and no - unless the cost of food, gas, electricity,
               | housing and clothing also increased by 25%, it's hard to
               | argue the dollar is worth 25% less.
               | 
               | Come to think of it - if the things that are
               | predominantly bought by the 1% are devalued by 25% due to
               | stimulus increasing the supply of money, but the things
               | that are bought by everyone are not becoming much more
               | expensive, isn't that empirical proof that trickle down
               | economics doesn't work?
        
               | briefcomment wrote:
               | Good point on your second statement.
               | 
               | On your first statement, it's less that the dollar is not
               | losing value, and more that scarce items are gaining
               | value compared to non-scarce things. So your Netflix
               | subscription is staying the same, but the house near the
               | coast has doubled. Inflation is never the same across the
               | board. All it means is that a smaller group of people are
               | laying claim to the scarcest items, and they are crowding
               | out the hopes of an increasing number of people to one
               | day be able to afford those scarce items.
        
               | 09bjb wrote:
               | Yes and...crucially, assets are 25% more expensive to
               | buy. I.e. if assets are things that are "bought by
               | everyone" and not just by the 1% or .0001%, then the
               | dollar is worth 20% less for that purpose.
        
             | whytaka wrote:
             | Presumably, to decrease the money supply, the mechanism
             | must be the same but in reverse: selling treasuries and
             | private assets back into the market for cash and then
             | eliminating its existence.
             | 
             | If the securities don't sell for much more than it was
             | bought, accounting for fractional reserve banking, the
             | money supply increase is effectively permanent.
             | 
             | So if we take in the permanence of the increased money
             | supply, can we really say we are still in a bubble if the
             | value of the dollar against securities is simply lower?
        
           | RobertoG wrote:
           | The fed just credit the account of the government. The
           | securities buying part is just a legal requirement.
        
           | jasode wrote:
           | _> By printing it and buying government securities?_
           | 
           | They also printed money to buy billions $ worth of
           | _corporate_ bonds like General Electric Ford, GM, AT &T, etc:
           | https://www.google.com/search?q=%22federal+reserve%22+buys+c.
           | ..
           | 
           | Example list: https://www.investopedia.com/the-fed-s-
           | corporate-bond-portfo...
        
         | RobertoG wrote:
         | I think you are confusing monetary policy with fiscal policy.
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | First of all, when did $12 trillion did allocated?
         | 
         | You can either choose to count spending or liquidity injection.
         | Otherwise, you are double counting. If the government spends $3
         | trillion in stimulus financed entirely by debt, that dries up
         | the liquidity for businesses, which creates a liquidity trap
         | that sends us into another Great Depression. To think of it
         | another way, the treasury could have just printed $3 trillion
         | to pay for the stimulus without issuing bonds, which would have
         | a similar effect.
        
         | rank0 wrote:
         | Actions from the federal reserve are not part of the stimulus
         | packages though right?
         | 
         | Stimulus packages are legislation passed by congress vs
         | independent actions taken by the Fed.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | Wait, it's been $12 trillion??
        
           | weeblewobble wrote:
           | More like $6T. OP seems to be counting Federal Reserve
           | actions as "stimulus packages" which is pretty non-standard
           | if not outright wrong
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | You have to think indirect effects though. Staving off a bond
         | market crash probably is a good thing even if it does not
         | directly help poor people. Ill-liquidity in the corporate bond
         | market makes it hard to raise capital, which means less hiring,
         | and hurts workers of all incomes. A bond market crisis is bad
         | for everyone.
        
           | bko wrote:
           | I agree to an extent. But that amounts to basically "trickle
           | down economics" that protects the incumbents (large banks,
           | many of which are foreign, mortgage issuers, etc). Notice how
           | you don't really see any new banks being created? Why are
           | bank stocks up 30% from pre-pandemic levels?
           | 
           | Put this into context. The 12 trillion in new spending/money
           | allocation due to covid results in $36,000 for every man,
           | woman and child in the United States. The government could
           | have cut a 5 figure check to every person in America to deal
           | w/ the fallout, or a fraction of the people most affected.
           | Instead we decided to give it to large institutions. And
           | we're arguing over 1,200 vs 1,600 stimulus checks.
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | Handing everyone a check directly increases inflation.
             | There is no increase of the supply of goods, so everyone
             | would competing for the same things and prices, raising
             | prices. Poorer people spend more money paying off debt or
             | purchasing consumer goods, so most of that money flows
             | straight to the top anyways. Since this money comes
             | straight from the money printer rather than through taxes,
             | this means that the wealth gap gets exacerbated through
             | stimulus checks.
             | 
             | Purchasing assets introduces liquidity, but isn't
             | equivalent of handing people money. The Fed receives the
             | equivalent value in the form of debt.
        
             | ska wrote:
             | This is key. GP is right that a bond crash would hurt
             | everyone, but generating stimulus and routing it away from
             | the working people is just trading pain now for more pain
             | later - the bill will come due. There's no magic here.
        
           | lend000 wrote:
           | Market corrections are natural and useful. Every time we
           | print huge sums of money to rescue equities and make debt
           | cheaper, who benefits?
           | 
           | Those with a high ratio of assets/credit to living expenses.
           | 
           | While market corrections create a higher degree of short term
           | pain, allowing them for the last five decades would have gone
           | a long way in preventing the increase in wealth inequality.
           | 
           | It doesn't make sense that investing in SPX is a guaranteed
           | long term 10%/annum investment while nominal GDP growth is
           | under 3%. It's an engineered phenomenon and benefits those
           | who already have a lot of assets.
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | Is it reasonable to conflate the actions taken by the Federal
         | Reserve and the phrase "stimulus package"?
         | 
         | I tend to default to not doing it, as "package" has some
         | implication of legislative action, and the Fed is somewhat
         | separated from the rest of government.
         | 
         | Like in your comment, Congress didn't allocate the money the
         | Fed used for asset purchases, the Fed did.
        
       | keyboardCowBoy wrote:
       | 2.3 million homeowners are in forbearance. It's been over a year,
       | people are getting use to NOT paying.
       | 
       | Banks just also flat out STOPPED foreclosures. So we have
       | millions of homes in forbearance and we don't know the true
       | number of loans that are delinquent. Meanwhile in some markets
       | prices have gone up 30 percent in 1.5 years which for a normal
       | first time home owner means higher loan costs, bigger down
       | payment and more interest. We also have homeowners who WANT to
       | sell but won't until we get back to a normal market. If interests
       | rates go up, we start foreclosing, homeowners start selling, and
       | all those millennials who regretted overpaying for their homes
       | start selling ALL at once, we could easily be in a buyers market.
        
       | zukzuk wrote:
       | Up here in Canada, there is absolutely no doubt that we're in a
       | bubble. By every measure we're in trouble... consumer debt
       | levels, income-to-price and price-to-rent ratios... This
       | infographic has been making the rounds and pretty much sums
       | things up: https://twitter.com/i/status/1377353707478601729
       | 
       | Even the apologists who previously tried to to explain this in
       | terms urbanization, desirability, immigration, etc have
       | capitulated.
       | 
       | It remains to be seen whether we're just an odd case (along with
       | maybe NZ and a few others), or a canary in the coal mine for our
       | neighbours to the south, but the situation here at this point is
       | virtually guaranteed to end badly for everyone involved.
        
         | milkytron wrote:
         | From my understanding, Canada's housing market is largely being
         | influenced by foreign investors. I've read that lots of foreign
         | investors are buying homes in cash, over market rate, and then
         | letting them sit vacant.
         | 
         | If Canada's laws don't discourage this and others see it as a
         | safe way to store their wealth, this could be a possible
         | explanation for the insane rise in home costs compared to other
         | countries.
        
           | 908B64B197 wrote:
           | > I've read that lots of foreign investors are buying homes
           | in cash, over market rate, and then letting them sit vacant.
           | 
           | This is used to launder illegally acquired assets that are
           | brought in the country. Then as a bootstrap toward acquiring
           | western passports.
           | 
           | > If Canada's laws don't discourage this
           | 
           | It encourages it. Out of control immigration quotas as well
           | as lax regulations regarding birth tourism and a liberal-
           | party friendly immigrant base has made it a no brainer for
           | the current party to keep the bubble expanding.
        
           | sidlls wrote:
           | It's what drives the price increases in the Bay Area in
           | California, as well. When 20% or more of the purchases in a
           | given year are by foreign persons, it is problematic. They
           | don't live here, they buy properties and let them sit vacant
           | or rent them out. We need to basically prohibit ownership of
           | anything but a primary residence by any entity that isn't a
           | citizen or permanent resident (corporate entities would
           | qualify if 100% of their true beneficial owners meet the same
           | standard).
        
           | railsgirls112 wrote:
           | Hasn't that been the case in places like NYC for a bit now? I
           | remember reading about like single digit occupancy rates in
           | massive luxury apts. I'd imagine that would have only
           | increased but would love a check on my understanding.
        
         | ggjjjttt wrote:
         | My impression is that everyone involved has crossed the rubicon
         | of moral hazard. Even a 30% crash won't be enough for the
         | majority of people: https://betterdwelling.com/canadian-
         | property-bubble-nears-sy...
        
       | iamthepieman wrote:
       | I am currently going through the process of selling my current
       | home and buying a new one. Last year, my real estate agent said
       | she would list our house at 180k. I'm in a rural area so that's a
       | modest 3 bedroom which needs some work on the bathrooms but is
       | otherwise pretty nice.
       | 
       | We just signed a contract without ever listing our house for
       | 220k.
       | 
       | We're buying a house that was listed at 230k in February of last
       | year but didn't sell and was rented out. It was listed again
       | recently and we made a full price offer for 259k. As far as I'm
       | concerned, we're still coming out ahead because we got 22% more
       | for our house and are only paying 13% more for the house we are
       | buying.
       | 
       | I was in the market for a house in 2007/8 as well and the market
       | feels completely different. We might still be in a bubble but the
       | underlying market is NOT the same and the causes of the bubble
       | (if it is one) are different.
       | 
       | in 2007 there was not as limited housing supply. There was bad
       | money being used to buy houses via overfinanced buyers and banks
       | willingness to lend to them.
       | 
       | Today, there are cash offers all over the place. Lower income
       | buyers are being priced out of the market. Also labor and
       | material prices for new houses are skyrocketing which is
       | increasing the demand and prices for existing housing inventory.
        
         | jcpham2 wrote:
         | Currently living in my second home financed ~2010 post-crisis
         | 369,000 or so. Looking at 500-600 listing.
         | 
         | First home was a 1000 sq ft'er and I've rented it for 11 years.
         | 
         | Just closed on a new home 505,000 10k over asking, 4 other
         | offers, never listed on MLS. We beat a higher offer because I
         | wrote a hand written thank you note. (psy-op evilness). No
         | contingencies other than appraisal and home inspection. Home
         | was on the market for 18 hours, we made an offer after 4 hours.
         | Market is nuts. Rural Southeast USA.
        
       | theNJR wrote:
       | I started house shopping in 2019 in a high cost of living suburb.
       | 
       | Prices seemed high. The market seemed frothy. I was very cocky
       | and told my agent I wasn't in hurry. Prices would surely
       | normalize. We must be in a bubble! Everyone seemed so irrational.
       | 
       | COVID hit and I was beyond smug. See, Mr. Agent, I told you.
       | World wide pandemic will burst the bubble and I'm going to get a
       | house for nothing.
       | 
       | $450/foot houses are now $650/foot. We've been priced out of
       | multiple neighborhoods.
       | 
       | If you don't have an offer on a house within 3 days of the first
       | showing, don't even bother.
       | 
       | Add $100k to the listing price to even begin thinking if you can
       | get the house.
       | 
       | And then pray you aren't up against 5 all cash buyers.
       | 
       | Meanwhile, I've had the down payment sitting in a savings account
       | for three years and its buying power decreases every month.
       | Should have YOLOed into BTC. Would have turned into one of those
       | damn all cash buyers.
       | 
       | Fun times.
        
         | ggjjjttt wrote:
         | At the very least, convert the down payment to USDC or DAI.
         | Decent interest rate ~8% APY. Of course, this might not be
         | enough...
        
         | goldenchrome wrote:
         | Ouch. You didn't even have to do anything crazy with that money
         | (like YOLO BTC). If you just kept it in VTSAX your down payment
         | would have gone up 57% in the last three years.
        
           | theNJR wrote:
           | I thought housing was going to tank, so obviously I thought
           | the market was going to tank too :(
        
       | DC1350 wrote:
       | It could be worse. You could be Canadian
        
       | insert_coin wrote:
       | _"Any man who must say 'I am king' is no true king at all."_
       | 
       | -GRRM
        
       | mberning wrote:
       | "Investors" aka speculators are pouring into the market and
       | gobbling up what little supply exists. They are trying to
       | monopolize and destroy the secondary housing market in a similar
       | way to how carvana, vroom, carmax, and others have taken over the
       | used car market and are now demanding insane prices for used
       | cars. Zillow and others are all in on the current feeding frenzy.
       | If it continues unabated the only houses you will be able to buy
       | private party will be low end hovels. Everything else will be
       | owned by the Zillows of the world and command a kings ransom to
       | purchase.
        
       | lend000 wrote:
       | As wild as the housing market currently feels, I tend to agree
       | with the author that we are nowhere near 2007 levels of
       | overextension. Here's a chart that complements the data presented
       | by the author, showing that there is still relative demand for
       | housing as a place to live at current prices, relative to the
       | last few decades: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/RRVRUSQ156N
       | 
       | So there are two problems. One is addressed by the author: build
       | more homes. There aren't enough. Can the federal government do
       | this? Probably not; it's more of a local zoning thing.
       | 
       | But while the author touches on high construction costs, they
       | miss an opportunity to identify the most dangerous root cause:
       | inflation.
       | 
       | While CPI might say the US has only experienced 2.6% inflation
       | since the pandemic began, that number is faulty beyond repair.
       | Random length lumber futures are up 200% since the pandemic
       | began. Copper and soybean futures are both up 60%. Industrial
       | steel is up 133%. Industrial silicon is up 70%. Sunflower oil
       | +114%. Wheat +20%. Platinum +29%. Gold +20%. Aluminum +32%.
       | Energy futures +30%. Natural gas +42%. SPX is up 25%, despite
       | almost certainly being less productive. You get the idea.
       | 
       | Historically, there is a modicum of hysteresis to prices at the
       | early onset of hyperinflation, especially in a large economy like
       | the US with multi-year contracts at pre-defined prices. But when
       | the raw materials are are growing in price by 30%+/annum for all
       | of your products, consumer prices are sure to follow.
       | 
       | This is a historic moment. While the government has had to choose
       | between more severe short term recession and long term
       | debt/wealth inequality many times before (and usually chosen the
       | latter pair), the decision in 2021 feels different. Inflation is
       | already here. The money printing has been unprecedented, and the
       | only way to avoid real inflation will plunge millions into
       | unemployment. Do we have the political will to forestall a major
       | inflation catastrophe?
        
         | scsilver wrote:
         | Isnt hyper inflation on the order of 1000% and not 100%? I
         | think we are looking at somewhere below hyper inflation, but I
         | definitely agree CPI is not showing it. Its not like we lost a
         | war or have impossible debts to pay to our enemies. Everyone
         | else is in the same boat. Do you really think we will see hyper
         | inflation like Zimbabwe and Germany? Im foreseeing large
         | inflation in previously cheap COL areas and low inflation in
         | the already expensive places like SF, NY, DC.
         | 
         | It seems like the asset in shortest supply is where can I store
         | my money against inflation.
         | 
         | Vacation home housing is one of the best products for that.
        
           | lend000 wrote:
           | Yes, hyperinflation is a universal regime-ending event, but
           | 50% annual inflation (a more plausible target while the USD
           | is the world's reserve currency) is no joke, and would be on
           | a completely different level than stagflation of the 70's.
           | How it would play out in the world's largest economy is
           | anyone's guess. Replaced hyperinflation with "major
           | inflation" in my conclusion.
        
       | hnarn wrote:
       | I'm not an economist and don't claim to understand what's
       | happening, but what I do know is that I considered entering the
       | market before the pandemic but abstained because I felt the
       | prices were inflated by all this "free money" from cheap loans,
       | and I was competing with people who seemed to have no limit on
       | what they wanted to pay. Then, the prices went up by more than
       | 20% during _one year_ , a period where most economies stalled and
       | went into recession.
       | 
       | I'm not touching this with a ten foot pole, I don't care if I
       | have to rent for decades. I'll spend my money on something else
       | in the meantime.
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | > This isn't just suburbs, as has been historically been
       | associated with single family zoning. Major cities like Seattle,
       | Charlotte, and San Jose dedicate 81%, 84% and 94% of their land,
       | respectively, to SFZ.
       | 
       | Live in San Jose: I can't imagine if they increased the density
       | of the housing without also going gangbusters on light rail or
       | some other means to keep the freeways from just getting any more
       | congested than they already are.
       | 
       | Rush _hour_. Now there 's a quaint term.
        
         | Schweigi wrote:
         | Higher density would mean you could live closer to work which
         | solves some of the congestions problems. Because of the big
         | sprawl commutes are long and it's harder to make efficient
         | public transport. But you're right, how to go there after
         | everything is already sprawled out is a good question.
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | Their solution is ADUs(accessory dwelling units), which amount
         | to putting sub-par 'granny flats' into the backyards of
         | existing suburban sprawl. That's more or less a bribe to the
         | homeowners to allow densification without changing the
         | fundamental carrying capacity of a neighborhood. Homeowners,
         | who are already likely wealthy due to asset appreciation, are
         | now able to become landlords. Of course this won't change the
         | fact that you'll need a car to commute, so traffic and parking
         | will get worse.
        
       | Shadonototro wrote:
       | you are, but you don't know it since you are inside
        
       | m0llusk wrote:
       | One of the more robust ways to detect a bubble is by constructing
       | a price index that summarizes market activity without getting
       | distorted by short term changes. Perhaps the most respected
       | housing price index is Case-Schiller house price index which
       | currently indicates the market is somewhere between 150% to 200%
       | above historic valuations. Since housing is something all need
       | and is generally supported by incomes there is no reason to think
       | that the current relatively high prices are robust and will
       | endure. This article also points out that there is an imbalance
       | between demand and supply which means that any large scale
       | increase in supply is likely to moderate demand and market
       | prices.
        
       | anthony_barker wrote:
       | Crane count image is interesting... Toronto has almost as much
       | construction as the rest of north america!
       | 
       | https://i1.wp.com/www.denverpost.com/wp-content/uploads/2021...
        
       | bogomipz wrote:
       | I feel like there's some relevant factors not really mentioned in
       | the article, and each of these could have consequences.
       | 
       | Unlike in 2008 there is now a limit to how much interest you can
       | write off on your loan. That limit is $750K. Anything you
       | mortgage above that you can no longer deduct from your taxes.
       | 
       | Housing has appreciated in some markets up to 11% in the past
       | year. This in no way seems sustainable. As a new home purchaser
       | your will not likely not see that same rate of appreciation.
       | 
       | If you do sell your house then you likely need to buy something
       | else. That means that you will also need to compete in that same
       | cut throat buyers environment and you will also need pay much
       | more in taxes on your new even more expensive house. I also think
       | that there's many people who will need to sell first before they
       | can buy because whatever they are going to buy also got much more
       | expensive and so would not be able to get a loan without first
       | selling.
       | 
       | Some of the shortage is also likely due to Boomers who in a
       | normal year would have downsized going into their retirement who
       | understandably did not as they would be concerned about strangers
       | walking through their houses during a pandemic. Once the pandemic
       | subsides there will likely be a boost in supply as these folks
       | resume the normal downsizing cycle.
       | 
       | There's a lot of people who fled the cities for the "country
       | life" because of the pandemic. And while a lot of these people
       | will probably stay, I think there's a lot of people who will
       | decide that "country life" was not for them and head back to the
       | cities in kind of reverse flight when the pandemic recedes. This
       | will likely have ripple effects in those suburban markets that
       | experienced a hot money influx over the last year.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Another major change is that for most people of moderate income
         | the standard deduction is now so high that there's no point in
         | itemizing mortgage interest.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-04-21 23:02 UTC)