[HN Gopher] There's Nothing to Do Except Gamble
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       There's Nothing to Do Except Gamble
        
       Author : known
       Score  : 210 points
       Date   : 2021-04-15 11:03 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (nymag.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (nymag.com)
        
       | whatgoodisaroad wrote:
       | Weird how finance suddenly becomes "gambling" when a bunch of
       | regular people join the table.
        
         | mLuby wrote:
         | Yeah, it gets harder to believe there's "smart money" when your
         | friend Alice made bank following some meme stock and Bob down
         | the road became crypto-rich off Dogecoin.
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | I know people who won at the roulette or the slots but that
           | doesn't make me think there's no smart money - in that case
           | the Casino.
        
         | LargeWu wrote:
         | If you think about the difference between "investing" and
         | "speculating" (ie. gambling), the latter involves no actual
         | value creation, just transfer of assets based on outcomes the
         | speculating party has no influence over. Crypto, meme stocks,
         | penny stocks...just pure speculation. To be fair, hedge funds
         | and HFT are also mostly speculation, just a more sophisticated
         | version.
        
           | wallacoloo wrote:
           | Do I create value when I loan another person some asset? What
           | about when I act as a currency exchange, and offer at any
           | moment in time to take either side of any trade along with a
           | 0.3% fee?
           | 
           | These are two things I do on Ethereum right now which have
           | analogs in the traditional finance system. Seems to me it
           | matters little whether the activity is done in a traditional
           | space or in cryptoland: they either both create value or
           | neither creates value.
        
             | LargeWu wrote:
             | Loans would be one of the classic value creating
             | activities, because they allow others to use otherwise idle
             | capital to produce something new.
             | 
             | Currency exchange is fuzzier. If the exchange is happening
             | to facilitate commerce, then sure, I would consider that
             | value creation. If it's happening simply in order to
             | support speculation in a different currency, then no, it's
             | not value creating. And it's pretty clear from the data
             | that the vast majority of crypto transactions are just
             | glamorized forex trading - ie buying in order to hopefully
             | sell later at a higher price. Add in the detrimental
             | environmental externalities from crypto mining and you
             | could even make the argument that crypto currency exchange
             | actually creates negative value.
        
               | shusson wrote:
               | > Loans would be one of the classic value creating
               | activities, because they allow others to use otherwise
               | idle capital to produce something new.
               | 
               | Only if people use loans to produce something valuable.
               | Most people I know take loans for houses, which afaik
               | does not produce any direct value to society.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | You're right, the hope is that people build new houses,
               | but that ship has sailed a long time ago.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | HFT is usually arbitrage, almost the opposite of speculation.
        
             | LargeWu wrote:
             | Fair enough, although one can make a reasonable argument
             | that arbitrage is not a value creating activity either, if
             | the market is already reasonably efficient.
        
               | Tenoke wrote:
               | If the market is reasonably efficient there'd be no room
               | for arbitrage in the first place.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | The NFT thing is interesting. Some things to note:
       | 
       | - It's inherent in NFTs that they are thinly traded. If each
       | thing is unique, there is no overall market price. Price quotes
       | are anecdotal. There are "indexes" which list prices for
       | transactions, but that doesn't mean you can sell at that price.
       | 
       | - Liquidity is very limited. This works like collectables. Try to
       | unload a million dollars worth of Beanie Babies. It may pay off
       | as a way to monetize fame. Taylor Swift, who has a very good
       | understanding of how to monetize followers, may bring it off.
       | Mark Cuban and his basketball team are doing fine with it. If you
       | have fans, this works. If you're just a fan, well, you're the
       | sucker.
       | 
       | - The NFT industry is trying to become like the diamond industry.
       | Diamonds are mostly hype. Diamond manufacturing is working so
       | well that you can buy gemstones on Alibaba. The diamond industry
       | works to get gemstones into "safe hands", that is, one person
       | with some items of jewelry. A hedge fund with a vault full of
       | stones ready to sell, constantly watching prices, destabilizes
       | the market. NFTs are more like the hedge fund case.
       | 
       | - There's a long history of bulk manufacture of collectables.
       | Beanie Babies. Cabbage Patch dolls. Franklin Mint castings.
       | Commemorative plates. Currier and Ives prints from the 19th
       | century. All of which can be purchased on eBay for low, low
       | prices. There are people in eBay still trying to unload Jar Jar
       | Binks merchandise. The stuff produced in quantity does not
       | appreciate in value.
       | 
       | - The NFT bubble may already have popped.[1] Prices, such as they
       | are, are down 70% since February 2021.
       | 
       | - The real reason for NFTs is that, not being commodities, they
       | are not regulated by the CFTC, and not being securities, they are
       | not regulated by the SEC. So unlimited hype is legal.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/05/investing/nft-prices-
       | falling/...
        
       | Lammy wrote:
       | Bold of them to put Groyper in the hero image
        
       | diamondhandle wrote:
       | Our job in life is to engage in value creation. When money is
       | decoupled from value creation, your long-term bet is that it will
       | lose its value, as value creation is what actually matters in the
       | "real" world.
       | 
       | This is also why "crypto" (the asset class, not technology) is so
       | corrosive, because it makes people who have done approximately
       | nothing to create value in society, but who've enjoyed a massive
       | boost in monetary value, think they've "won" or accomplished
       | something real. This doesn't work long term, and will eventually
       | collapse on itself like all false religions.
       | 
       | If you're planning to be alive in 20 years, you're better off
       | making sure you have a work ethic and skills that generate value,
       | than obsessing over any sort of wealth-hoarding instrument at
       | all, because it is the only true protection against change.
        
         | JMTQp8lwXL wrote:
         | Did Visa create no value in society with plastic payment cards?
         | If crypto is valueless, payment processors are valueless too.
         | It's unfortunate that Visa gets a 2% tax on the economy, but
         | the convenience of plastic or a public/private keypair unlocks
         | more economic growth compared to a world with only paper cash.
        
           | whateveracct wrote:
           | Visa has a more compelling and proven value proposition than
           | crypto
        
           | sigstoat wrote:
           | > on the economy
           | 
           | a 2% "tax", on retail sales, at best.
           | 
           | b2b, c2c, and large dollar b2c generally don't go through
           | visa.
           | 
           | calling it a "tax" is nauseating. you get something from
           | visa, and you can choose not use them, if you'd like. it's
           | the rare place that won't take at least a few other
           | alternative payments, including cash.
           | 
           | it's a rarer tax yet that you can choose not to pay.
        
             | wallacoloo wrote:
             | > it's the rare place that won't take at least a few other
             | alternative payments, including cash.
             | 
             | Yes, and when you pay with an alternative, that's when you
             | get hit with the 2% credit card tax. Because you and the
             | credit card user both pay the same price, but the merchant
             | has to raise prices by 2% to cover fees caused by the
             | latter. The credit card user is reimbursed for the fees
             | they created via cash-back programs, while the cash user
             | has to just swallow them.
        
             | JMTQp8lwXL wrote:
             | Semantically, would 'haircut' be a preferable term to
             | describe what's occurring? Visa isn't some government-
             | mandated thing, so I agree that 'tax' is overloaded, but it
             | isn't meant literally. Given the nearly omniscient use of
             | plastic payment methods, that's why "tax" is used:
             | everybody pays taxes.
        
           | thinkingkong wrote:
           | Yes. If you read up on the history of the credit card
           | industry they solved the incredibly huge problem of small
           | businesses extending loans to individuals.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | 2% is entirely up to local regulation. EU has capped it to
           | 0.2% or 0.3%. Which I would guess that cash doesn't do too
           | much better.
        
             | mercutio2 wrote:
             | Interchange fees are a small fraction of credit card costs
             | to merchants. The EU only capped interchange fees.
        
         | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
         | People (at least in the developed world) already have created
         | all the value that they need. They have enough food, safety and
         | shelter. Majority of the effort now goes into creating virtual
         | goods. If you're planning to be alive in 20 years, you're
         | better off making sure you hire robots with good work ethics.
        
         | Mattasher wrote:
         | I agree with your last statement, but I think you are mixing
         | cause and effect. Crypto is exploding _because_ our system is
         | already corroded. Starting with the creation of the Fed, and
         | tracing through endless money printing and complex financial
         | instruments which let well-connected companies and politicians
         | create paper wealth out of nothing, we 've decoupled money from
         | value.
         | 
         | Savings pay no interest, manual labor doesn't scale, but rent
         | seeking and financial games get many people riches in no time.
         | 
         | What are the incentives in this kind of a system, and where are
         | the safe harbors for storing value? And if you can't in value
         | creation, your safest bet may be to gamble.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | The real problem the US, Japan and EU are facing is that the
           | system is way too stable and resilient, the COVID stimulus
           | should have created enough inflation to bring the economy
           | back to a normal state yet it completely failed to do so.
           | 
           | The last 20 years were marked by the corporate savings rate
           | increasing, meaning companies are not investing. This could
           | be related to China and various other factors but it is clear
           | that the Fed and the government has done enough to help
           | corporations, they are doing so extremely well that they
           | don't need any more help. The mistake from the start was that
           | the government didn't help citizens enough. It didn't create
           | enough jobs or it didn't return those excess corporate
           | savings to the population forcibly. The reason why wealth
           | redistribution is popular is that excess savings are zero
           | sum, for the corporate savings rate to go up, either total
           | investment has to go up (it hasn't) or the household savings
           | rate has to go down. There is a similar dynamic with rich vs
           | poor.
           | 
           | The corrosion you speak of doesn't exist. The system is way
           | too stable, far more stable than should be possible, that's
           | the real problem. Your dollars, by that I mean the dollars
           | corporations and therefore the wealthy own, aren't losing
           | value fast enough.
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | > we've decoupled money from value.
           | 
           | Since when was it ever coupled?
        
           | XorNot wrote:
           | Crypto is exploding because people are looking to get rich
           | via speculation, that's it.
           | 
           | There's a wealth of uninformed investors and they're all
           | hearing stories about crypto millionaires and how much it
           | went up and FOMO narratives about it.
           | 
           | People haven't been _transacting_ in crypto basically at all
           | - it 's not even a blip in the popular discussion about it,
           | except as a flimsy justification for why its value is not
           | tulip-mania.
           | 
           | The only thing in effect is the ultimate truth of investing:
           | the market can stay irrational a lot longer then you can stay
           | solvent. No one was "surprised" when the housing bubble
           | collapsed in 2008, and no one will be "surprised" when crypto
           | collapses, but as we saw in 2008 when the returns get high
           | enough even the "sensible" investors can't justify to their
           | stockholders/board why they're not jumping in on the apparent
           | "easy" money.
        
             | selimnairb wrote:
             | "People haven't been transacting in crypto basically at
             | all"
             | 
             | Exactly. When I did a deep dive on crypto currency a few
             | years ago I wondered, what can the transaction rate be for
             | proof of work schemes. Turned out it was less than a dozen
             | per second across an entire network. I don't think this has
             | changed (https://bitcoinvisuals.com/chain-tx-day). How many
             | transactions does Visa alone do?
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | I have for years heard about pressuring merchants to
               | accept bitcoin or what ever currency and in the end the
               | number of daily or even monthly users was most often
               | laughably low. Not that there isn't some that move stuff,
               | but that isn't really too many...
        
               | dale_glass wrote:
               | Crypto basically changed tracks in the last few years.
               | 
               | Initially it was supposed to be money, and so there was a
               | lot of effort to drive adoption. You could buy games on
               | Steam for BTC.
               | 
               | But then a thing happened: the value exploded, and new
               | people started hearing about this amazing new asset
               | growing in value. Crypto became not a coin, but a thing
               | to hoard and sit on, waiting for the price to get higher
               | still.
               | 
               | In this situation, using it as a money is stupid. That
               | pizza somebody bought for 10000 BTC was a terrible loss
               | to the buyer -- they could sell the 100BTC for $634
               | million today. They shouldn't have bought a pizza, they
               | should have just kept their money in a wallet and done
               | nothing at all with it for a decade.
               | 
               | Given that usage pattern, ability to process transactions
               | doesn't matter. The ideal is one buy at the bottom, and
               | one sell at the peak, possibly years apart. Fees don't
               | really matter, because the transaction is enormous.
               | Paying $5 to move $10 is ridiculous. Paying $5 to move
               | $634 million is a rounding error.
               | 
               | And since Bitcoin was made to be deflationary this
               | pattern of usage is more or less guaranteed. Using it as
               | money is always silly because any newcomers to BTC
               | increase demand and therefore the competition for the
               | supply. And over time, some BTC gets lost, which adds to
               | that as well.
        
             | jasode wrote:
             | _> Crypto is exploding because people are looking to get
             | rich via speculation, that's it._
             | 
             | No, that isn't just it. Like other assets, there can be
             | _multiple narratives_ that explain cryptocurrencies rising
             | prices.
             | 
             | Yes, pure speculation is one of them. But another reason
             | for some is _deliberately shifting wealth from an asset
             | ($USD, euro, bolivar, etc) they believe is deteriorating_.
             | 
             | E.g. a multi-billionaire like Ray Dalio is _already rich_.
             | He 's the one saying _" cash is trash"_ because he like
             | many others see the M2 money supply growing very rapidly
             | which _erodes future purchasing power_. (The  "cash is
             | trash" also means not holding US Treasury government bonds
             | because of inflation.)
             | 
             | Yes, the Fed + US Govt can have all sorts of rationale to
             | justify $2 trillion stimulus checks and printing billions
             | to buy corporate bonds (Home Depot bonds), bail out banks,
             | etc ... but economic actors can also counteract the money
             | supply expansion by taking steps to retain future
             | purchasing power. E.g. Shift wealth into real estate, tech
             | stocks, gold, bitcoin, etc.
             | 
             | That fact that nobody uses bitcoin to pay for Starbucks
             | coffee is irrelevant to the wealth holders _looking for
             | alternatives away from $USD liquid assets as long term
             | holdings_.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | >E.g. a multi-billionaire like Ray Dalio is already rich.
               | He's the one saying "cash is trash" because he like many
               | others see the M2 money supply growing very rapidly which
               | erodes future purchasing power.
               | 
               | As I have said in previous comments, the Fed has been
               | unable to erode future purchasing power, because the
               | excess savings rate increases to compensate for the
               | increase in the money supply.
               | 
               | > (The "cash is trash" also means not holding US Treasury
               | government bonds because of inflation.)
               | 
               | But the entire problem is that the newly printed money
               | ends up in exactly those places. Negative interest rates
               | are impossible, because people can just get cash or
               | rather, they get cash equivalents, namely treasury bonds.
               | The Chinese government is using excess dollars from its
               | trade surplus to purchase treasury bonds. The money put
               | into treasury bonds can only be tapped into by issuing
               | new debt, thus excess savings (uninvested savings) are
               | being created. The government has to employ people on
               | behalf of the Chinese investors otherwise the end result
               | is unemployment because the household savings rate has to
               | go down which means spending more than you earn.
               | 
               | >Yes, the Fed + US Govt can have all sorts of rationale
               | to justify $2 trillion stimulus checks and printing
               | billions to buy corporate bonds (Home Depot bonds), bail
               | out banks, etc ... but economic actors can also
               | counteract the money supply expansion by taking steps to
               | retain future purchasing power. E.g. Shift wealth into
               | real estate, tech stocks, gold, bitcoin, etc.
               | 
               | The problem with this strategy is that it is built on the
               | existence of excess savings. If the inflation rate were
               | to go up, which eats away at corporate savings, companies
               | would be forced to find viable investments and thus
               | generate jobs. The existence of these investments would
               | allow the Fed to raise the interest rates again and
               | excess savings would flood out of treasury bonds and
               | other cash equivalents into regular bank accounts and
               | corporate bonds again. That means stocks, real estate and
               | cryptocurrencies would go down, precisely because
               | inflation is going up i.e. because your future purchasing
               | power is eroding.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | Ray Dalio at no point in his life ever believed he should
               | be keeping his wealth in "cash". It has been basic
               | economic knowledge that cash is a terrible place to keep
               | large idle piles of wealth, and that it has to be
               | invested to not depreciate.
               | 
               | This is not _new_ information, this is literally by
               | design as a product of the Fed 's 2% inflation target.
               | 
               | US treasuries have always been a last resort investment,
               | because the return sucks but they're as close to risk
               | free as anything ever gets - what's happened recently is
               | demand for them has been so incredibly high (because
               | better investments are so rare) that the US has at
               | various points been able to issue them with negative
               | interest rates - taking a loss has been less of a loss
               | then just holding currency and no better options existed.
               | 
               | Crypto has a narrative being pushed to increase the value
               | of crypto, but "the end if nigh" doomsayers definitely
               | don't act like they think it's actually coming -
               | otherwise they'd be diversified into Swedish gold
               | depositories and basically planning to move country.
               | Because come whatever "collapse" they think is going to
               | happen...the power company is still going to want to be
               | paid in USD.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | > is literally by design as a product of the Fed's 2%
               | inflation target
               | 
               | Holding more cash than you need for transaction purposes
               | is inefficient, _regardless of the inflation rate_. This
               | is because what makes holding cash a bad idea is not the
               | fact that it depreciates over time (in inflationary
               | circumstances), but the fact that holding cash has an
               | opportunity cost, and that opportunity cost is unaffected
               | by inflation.
        
               | jasode wrote:
               | _> Ray Dalio at no point in his life ever believed he
               | should be keeping his wealth in "cash"._
               | 
               | I'm not saying that. His recent _" cash is trash"_ was
               | talking about staying away from _investments_ like US
               | government bonds because of negative yields and money
               | printing:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZyWVxGXPHo&t=24s
               | 
               | (Because in the past, reasonable people did believe that
               | buying and holding US Treasuries was a semi-decent way of
               | _investing_. To be clear, we 're not talking about just
               | leaving pure cash in a $250k FDIC-insure bank savings
               | account.)
               | 
               |  _> the US has at various points been able to issue them
               | with negative interest rates - taking a loss has been
               | less of a loss then just holding currency and no better
               | options existed._
               | 
               | And this is the part I was responding to in your first
               | comment. _It 's not just speculators._ Another narrative
               | for crypto's rising price is that _some investors_
               | believe a _better option now exists_ for preserving
               | purchasing power. This is the _defensive financial
               | perspective_ that can simultaneously exist with other
               | market participants who are only in bitcoin for the
               | casino gambling speculation.
               | 
               | Yes, some people buy real estate and just leave the
               | houses empty for "speculation". But some others also buy
               | houses to live in them and many buyers bid up prices with
               | competing offers because of desirable location closer to
               | the office. If there can be _2 or more different
               | narratives_ for rising real estate prices, why can 't
               | there be multiple narratives to explain crypto?
        
               | jariel wrote:
               | XorNot is essentically correct.
               | 
               | Crypto is a 'get rich quick' speculative behaviour,
               | driven by multiple narratives as you say, but those are
               | effectively just narratives used to validate the
               | participation.
               | 
               | Amway's 'narrative' was that you could 'help' your
               | neighbours by selling them cleaning products.
               | 
               | But really it was a pyramid scheme.
               | 
               | There are some questions around the Fed and monetary
               | dilution etc, but BTC is not the answer.
               | 
               | And of course currency was never meant to be a 'long term
               | holding'.
               | 
               | Literally by design, we build at minimum a tiny bit of
               | dilution into our currency, that's 'part of the plan' so
               | don't hold it, hold something else.
        
         | sjg007 wrote:
         | I mean the crypto folks bought in at the right time? It's like
         | finding oil under your land. For some reason you bought into it
         | and that's takes some type of skill.
        
           | beckingz wrote:
           | Or just luck.
           | 
           | Plenty of people have also lost money on crypto and oil
           | speculation.
        
           | acheron wrote:
           | For some reason my friend bet on 26 last spin and won, that
           | takes some skill.
        
         | electrondood wrote:
         | The bizarre part is that the speculation does create "value,"
         | in terms of appreciation. But it's a Ponzi scheme, and whoever
         | cashes out before everyone else has the same idea wins.
        
         | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
         | > because it makes people who have done approximately nothing
         | to create value in society, but who've enjoyed a massive boost
         | in monetary value, think they've "won" or accomplished
         | something real. This doesn't work long term, and will
         | eventually collapse on itself like all false religions.
         | 
         | Explain to me the value of Daddy's Money and Landlords. No,
         | seriously, tell me about it.
        
         | w0de0 wrote:
         | > Our job in life is to engage in value creation.
         | 
         | That's grim! It's not my job in life.
        
           | fullshark wrote:
           | That's how the gov't views you, as an economic unit = labor
           | production.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | polypodiopsi wrote:
           | The cycnicism in me insists that the the ones saying this
           | also make money in finance; and feel that the purpose of life
           | for everybody should be to create value - of course with an
           | implicit exclusion of themselves; because their purpose in
           | life is obviously to ENJOY. (The latter of course is a silent
           | narcisitic thought that can only dwell in the privacy of the
           | ego, and is not allowed to enter public discourse)
        
             | anonporridge wrote:
             | Finance people tell all kinds of stories to themselves
             | about how they're actually adding value to the system with
             | their activities.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | 2% of the world's wealth is tied up in crypto (and it's growing
         | quickly). If it does implode, that'll make The Great Financial
         | Crisis look like blip.
         | 
         | At this point, I can't imagine financial regulators doing
         | anything to stop it.
        
           | mytherin wrote:
           | What will actually happen if the crypto coins collapse in
           | price? What tangible effects will there be? Very few people's
           | salaries are paid in crypto, crypto isn't backing people's
           | mortgages, and outside of the rare (and newsworthy) cases,
           | people are not investing extreme amounts of money into crypto
           | that they cannot possibly afford to lose.
           | 
           | I have a hard time imagining what actual tangible disasters
           | will happen if crypto currencies lose their value overnight
           | besides some speculators losing money and some mining centers
           | closing.
        
             | waynesonfire wrote:
             | there is this concept termed "too big to fail" -- we're
             | seeing crypto start to find it's way into ETFs.. and then
             | 401Ks.. and then ops.
             | 
             | https://www.barrons.com/articles/a-new-crypto-etf-is-here-
             | yo...
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | No real damage (except to those holding it) unless enough
             | people have bought crypto with borrowed money. _That 's_
             | where it can cause damage to the overall economy.
        
               | lazerpants wrote:
               | The Wealth Effect is a real consideration here. During
               | 2007 people cut their spending considerable because their
               | houses went down in value, even if they were not, at that
               | time, trying to sell their home. You would see the wealth
               | effect work similarly if cypto assets were devalued.
               | 
               | As an example, I have 5-20k in crypto assets on any given
               | day. My wife and I are also shopping for a new couch. If
               | my crypto assets evaporated we would not be shopping for
               | a new couch, nor would we be going out for dinner
               | tonight, despite the fact that I am not spending down
               | crypto assets to fund either of those purchases. The
               | psychology behind it is that people adjust to a certain
               | amount of "savings" and will adjust purchasing to get
               | back to that level if their savings changes quickly and
               | substantially.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wealth_effect
        
               | pbourke wrote:
               | 60% of Americans (roughly) own real estate. It's by far
               | their largest asset. What proportion of Americans own
               | crypto and how much of their net worth does it comprise?
               | That would show you how significant the wealth effect
               | would be.
        
             | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
             | What will happen is 2% of the world's "wealth" would
             | disappear - which would almost certainly spill over causing
             | a much larger decline.
             | 
             | From 2007 to 2008, for example, global wealth declined
             | about ~10% [1].
             | 
             | There's not much room left for central banks before we
             | officially enter banana town. If cyrpto implodes, it could
             | easily be worse than the financial crisis - which means,
             | regulators have an interest in it NOT imploding.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.credit-suisse.com/about-us/en/reports-
             | research/g...
        
               | pbourke wrote:
               | In no way, shape or form would a crypto implosion be
               | anywhere near the financial crisis in impact. It's just
               | not systemically important. It's essentially "phantom
               | wealth" not underpinned by any economic reality - even
               | more unglued from reality than esoteric derivatives.
        
             | pfisch wrote:
             | Now do gold.
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | Is there even any significant amount of debt backed by
             | crypto? As otherwise it is just money that some have spend
             | and others have gained... Ofc, there are some energy
             | producers that will be hit and some manufacturers. But I
             | wouldn't be too worried about later, they should be able to
             | pivot to other chips in current market.
        
         | i_haz_rabies wrote:
         | What skills can you guarantee (or at least say with high
         | confidence) will be valuable in 20 years? I can't really think
         | of any except maybe "soft skills" and whatever skills allow you
         | to build a large network.
        
           | goodcanadian wrote:
           | Plumbing, electrical, basic construction skills, most trades,
           | really.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | There is no skill that doesn't require upkeep over 20yr.
           | 
           | Everything that was valuable in 2001 is still of about the
           | same value now. But the mechanics who didn't want to diagnose
           | electronics and the accountants who refused to learn
           | computers and the programmers who only wanna write php have
           | seen their skills reduced in value because they did not
           | maintain currency.
           | 
           | Being responsible for the work output of other people and
           | doing your job somewhere unpleasant or dangerous pretty much
           | always increases your pay.
        
             | rubicon33 wrote:
             | This is so hard to do in an industry that also heavily
             | rewards specialists.
             | 
             | I've been regularly asked by my employer to change role to
             | help some other part of the business. Whether it was
             | switching from mobile to server, server to front end web,
             | or switching frameworks / tools within those domains, I
             | always made the switch.
             | 
             | The problem is that now I'm a jack of all trades, and a
             | master of none.
        
               | throwaway98797 wrote:
               | Redine yourself as a problem solver vs. just a tool box.
               | 
               | "I'm a master generlized problem solving machine, how can
               | I be of service?"
        
               | rubicon33 wrote:
               | Yes, well, I can't help but look around at people who
               | have chosen to specialize and see how much quicker they
               | climb into leadership roles, and getting to work on
               | mission critical features.
               | 
               | If you're the jack of all trades guy, you'll always be
               | asked to cleanup, or take care of small feature requests.
               | When the company needs the big guns for a mission
               | critical feature, you will never be called.
               | 
               | This is an important point for people to realize. There's
               | risks at specializing for sure, but there's also a lot of
               | risk to being a jack of all trade.
        
               | throwaway98797 wrote:
               | Despite the semi trolly comment history on this profile,
               | i was able to climb the ladder by knowing ONE thing
               | extremely well and then being a generlist in everything
               | else.
               | 
               | Granted i climbed the ladder in mid size non-hot
               | companies so may not be applicable.
               | 
               | Im currently a consultant in my trade and I appear to
               | sell this ONE thing but in every case i end up solving
               | problems as a generilist.
               | 
               | Is there a chance that you can claim that you are already
               | an expert in one the things you do? sometimes other
               | people's bar for expertise is lower than yours.
        
               | prewett wrote:
               | How diverse are the experiences you are generalizing
               | from? Companies are different, so you'll need to sample
               | from lots of different ones. You can also try talking to
               | your manager about what your career goals are and what
               | needs to change to get there. It sounds like you might
               | just need to be in a team / company where your skills and
               | matches the mission critical features, so you could look
               | for transfer opportunities. Or if you don't care about
               | the "leadership" route, you can opt out and try
               | contracting / consulting. Every client wants a different
               | set of experiences, so jack-of-all-trades is more likely
               | to hit on multiple skills.
        
           | c22 wrote:
           | Welding?
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | Welding is probably bit multi-modal. Traditional stuff
             | isn't likely going away, but already there is already
             | advanced robots for the job. Though it's unlikely they will
             | be entirely AI controlled.
        
               | c22 wrote:
               | No doubt a lot of "assembly line" welding operations have
               | already become highly automated. This is, however,
               | already the area requiring lesser skilled and more easily
               | replaced workpeople. I was thinking more about on-site
               | and craft-associated welding which I imagine will
               | continue to be highly valued until extremely portable and
               | versatile high-DOF robotic manipulators become
               | commonplace.
        
               | polypodiopsi wrote:
               | Its also getting payed for grinding through your body
               | (like a lot of trades but welding especially.)
        
           | vsareto wrote:
           | Skills around software and IT - not just developers. There
           | might be a lot of churn within that industry, but if you can
           | solve problems in those industries industry with any tools,
           | you're going to be valuable. It might take longer to find a
           | job depending on the current times and your own retraining
           | speed, but it will be there in some form. Nothing is likely
           | going to make all software and IT workers obsolete like
           | automation does to factory workers.
           | 
           | My evidence is that we still have a lot of legacy and
           | technical debt around, and it's likely to still be there in
           | 20 years, so even if you don't work on the cutting edge
           | (which may now have stratospheric requirements for entry like
           | a PhD and Github projects and 8 rounds of interviews), you
           | can still take legacy work.
           | 
           | Security and defense (physical and IT/software) will also
           | likely be around forever.
        
             | DC1350 wrote:
             | I'd love to believe this, but dev and IT people are not
             | paid exceptionally well in most of the world. That says to
             | me that the high salaries are a consequence of social
             | structures and the current economy, not that the skills are
             | super valuable. It's proximity to money that actually
             | matters.
        
               | anonporridge wrote:
               | Also, you'd better believe that a tsunami of smart,
               | motivated young people are coming through the education
               | pipeline to pump up the labor supply for the IT/dev
               | sector.
               | 
               | Maybe the demand will increase fast enough to keep
               | salaries from dropping in real terms.
        
               | sgerenser wrote:
               | Developers are paid pretty well in most of the world,
               | usually well above median income for the country. Just
               | because they're not paid at 90-95th percentile incomes as
               | in the U.S. doesn't mean they don't have valuable skills.
        
         | benjohnson wrote:
         | Your great advices pays dividends much further down the road
         | too - focusing on work and creating value is also good for your
         | children. Sadly, there's been many children that took decades
         | to get out of their entitled mindset caused by easy money from
         | their parents or the government.
        
           | the_gipsy wrote:
           | Culture is the best inheritance you can give your children.
        
         | nscalf wrote:
         | That's really nice in theory, but in the real world money IS a
         | proxy for time and value creation. Having money is the same
         | thing has being able to create value, and gives you freedom to
         | create value at your own pace however you want.
         | 
         | Crypto as an asset class is only working the way it is because
         | there is a separation between perceived value and net present
         | value. The same way fundamentalists value companies by expected
         | earnings and angel investors look at the TAM, crypto is blowing
         | up in large part because people are starting to believe in the
         | story that crypto is pinned to.
         | 
         | At the end of the day, you probably should have some skills to
         | fall back on and not depend on an asset increasing in value,
         | but if you have enough assets, that is your skill.
        
         | beiller wrote:
         | The problem is that economy and technology shifts. Not so great
         | when you are a cold fusion developer today as an example. So it
         | is required to hedge against that isn't it. You need to ensure
         | you have a future by saving for retirement. I've been saying
         | "it will eventually collapse" for what seems like forever now.
         | The market can stay irrational longer than you can stay solvent
         | - to borrow a cliche.
        
         | svachalek wrote:
         | The whole economy feels like nonsense now. There's a massive
         | overabundance of both capital and labor required to meet actual
         | needs, so we keep creating ever more useless games to play with
         | capital so that we can create more capital that the world
         | doesn't need or actually use. In the meantime, massive portions
         | of the population are struggling to make ends meet. I don't
         | know where this ends but it can't be good.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | Exactly, even a blind should be able to see that we spmehow
           | have broken the system
        
           | pbourke wrote:
           | You are seeing one response in the various relief and reform
           | proposals put forward by the Biden administration. Biden is
           | following FDR's blueprint of first relief then reform in
           | response to a crisis. The refundable child tax credit alone
           | has the potential to sharply curtail extreme poverty.
           | 
           | Whether it works or not is to be seen. You can look at both
           | Biden and Trump as the end of the arc of neoliberalism that
           | began with Reagan. The same broad moves seem to be happening
           | in other peer nations.
        
         | Mizza wrote:
         | > as value creation is what actually matters in the "real"
         | world.
         | 
         | I guess this is the thing that people are having a hard time
         | coming to terms with - we no longer live in the real world.
         | 
         | All of these surveillance-advertising tech giants, all of these
         | financial instruments, all of these media-induced bad feelings
         | and ideological trends, everything that defines our
         | contemporary era - none if it is real.
         | 
         | If it all simply stopped, wiped out from a solar flare - for
         | most of us here, nothing "real" would change. We'd all sit for
         | a moment looking at dead black rectangles, then we'd have to go
         | and find something else to do. My bet is that we'd all be
         | happier for it.
        
           | entropicdrifter wrote:
           | > My bet is that we'd all be happier for it.
           | 
           | Yeah, except for those who'd suddenly be without electronic
           | medical assistance. There are definite downsides to the
           | digital era, but to act as if there's been no benefit is
           | laughable at best and dangerously ignorant of the past at
           | worst.
        
             | WJW wrote:
             | Everyone whose food supply depends on electronic supply
             | chain management (ie everyone who is not actively farming
             | their own food _right now_) is also going to be in for a
             | pretty rough time though. Or everyone who needs gasoline
             | for transport because they live a non-walkable distance
             | from the nearest food and water.
        
           | Hoasi wrote:
           | > I guess this is the thing that people are having a hard
           | time coming to terms with - we no longer live in the real
           | world.
           | 
           | This, and the parent comment:
           | 
           | > If you're planning to be alive in 20 years, you're better
           | off making sure you have a work ethic and skills that
           | generate value, than obsessing over any sort of wealth-
           | hoarding instrument at all, because it is the only true
           | protection against change.
           | 
           | You see, the problem is that they both read like correct
           | statements, which is rather worrying.
        
           | seph-reed wrote:
           | An interesting theory from "Sapiens" is that human happiness
           | doesn't change too much throughout macro history.
           | 
           | People adapt to whatever the new norm is, and sort of fall
           | back to whatever their bio-chemical baseline is. When things
           | are in the process of getting worse or better, it'll push
           | them one way or another. But once it settles again, so too do
           | they.
           | 
           | The point being that happiness generally has more to do with
           | internal bio-chemistry than whatever the new norm is.
        
         | jpdus wrote:
         | What you call "corrosive" (appreciation of non-value-creating
         | assets) is 1:1 applicable to Real Estate.
         | 
         | Compared to the appreciation of worldwide real estate, the
         | market value of crypto is only a drop in the ocean. And
         | countless people got unbelievable rich due to rising prices and
         | "crowding-out" in cities without creating any value for society
         | at all (in the opposite, making life harder for everybody
         | struggling to keep up with their rent).
         | 
         | And nobody so far managed to explain convincingly, in which
         | ways investments in (existing, residential, not for self-use)
         | real estate creates any value. People don't by these assets b/c
         | they provide better service or can run their properties more
         | efficiently than someone else. They buy these assets b/c its
         | risk-free return on the backs of tenants who need a place to
         | live. In this aspect, Real Estate investors are arguably way
         | worse than Crypte gamblers. But I agree that the rent-seeking
         | behavior we see in more and more parts of our economy and our
         | society is indeed corrosive in the longterm....
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | California has statewide politics that prevent the housing
           | problem from being solved, so people move to the next state,
           | which they don't like because California has nice weather.
        
             | betaby wrote:
             | California is not much different in that regard from
             | Ontario or Quebec, or most of the western world really.
        
           | CyberDildonics wrote:
           | > And nobody so far managed to explain convincingly, in which
           | ways investments in (existing, residential, not for self-use)
           | real estate creates any value.
           | 
           | Shelter is literally third on the list of human needs after
           | water and food. Make something desirable and people will
           | leave their previous (possibly decent) place behind to move
           | in. I'm not sure how anyone can say real estate doesn't
           | create value just because they are frustrated that some
           | people make money off of real estate.
        
             | DylanDmitri wrote:
             | People who build housing create value. People who manage
             | properties create value. People who speculate on properties
             | do not create value.
        
               | ryan93 wrote:
               | Why are people selling real estate assets to speculators
               | for less than they are worth?
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Because the real estate market is very illiquid. Each
               | property is unique. It's not easy to figure out the right
               | price. Trading isn't even bad, it's contributing to price
               | discovery in the market and makes sure that the average
               | sale price is close to the actual market price.
               | 
               | The problem isn't that speculators are evil people but
               | rather that the "arbitrage" they are doing is fueled by
               | regressive housing policies. Increasing the efficiency in
               | the housing market exposes the fundamental housing
               | problem. After all, it can't just be that speculators are
               | snapping up properties, there must be buyers that are
               | willing to buy properties from the speculators, otherwise
               | the speculators lose money. Those buyers don't even need
               | to think that the house is overpriced, the house could
               | genuinely be a good deal for them.
        
             | unholiness wrote:
             | In densely populated areas, the value of real estate has
             | very little to do with what's built on the property, and
             | everything to do with the land it is build on.
             | 
             | GPs point is that owning land is not creating value. It is,
             | however, very profitable.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | You either have a sufficiently large land value tax or
               | let the government rent out land instead of selling it.
               | 
               | In both cases the land would become a liability that you
               | constantly have to take care of instead of being an
               | "investment".
               | 
               | Productive work like building on top of land should be
               | rewarded, waiting for a train station to be built in your
               | neighborhood is not productive work that should be
               | rewarded.
               | 
               | Pretty much every economist thinks that the work <->
               | reward relationship should be as tight as possible.
               | However, most of them don't think of anything other than
               | cutting taxes and strangely enough they insist on being
               | able to take advantage of negative externalities (CO2 or
               | illegal waste disposal in general).
        
           | alert0 wrote:
           | Comparing cryptocurrency to real estate is laughable. With
           | real estate you have either a place to live, reducing a real
           | world expense (rent), or an income producing property. No
           | matter how much you dress up cryptocurrencies as stocks, by
           | using terms like market cap, you are not buying a share of an
           | income producing asset. You're speculating on a digital
           | collectible. You can speculate on real estate and stocks, but
           | you can also invest in them.
        
             | solosoyokaze wrote:
             | They compared it to the appreciation of real estate, which
             | _is_ wildly divorced from real value. Real-estate prices in
             | say, the Bay Area are driven by legislation and
             | speculation. Not actual value. The move to remote works
             | accelerates the discrepancy.
        
         | qznc wrote:
         | Value creation is only one part. The next question is how much
         | of the value you create, you can capture for yourself.
         | 
         | Nurses create a lot of value, especially during a pandemic, but
         | they receive only a tiny part of it. Competition can force you
         | to give most of the value you create to your customers.
        
           | polypodiopsi wrote:
           | I'd argue that this is also an systemic issue, that can not
           | exhaustively be thought about on the level of just an
           | economic model (of supply and demand), but has to be
           | scrutinized on a broader scope. (Epistemic, historical,
           | sociological, psychologically etc.) Reproductive labor
           | (actual birthgiving as well as carework, sustaining the
           | potential to work in the bodies), has for the most time been
           | thought to be just given by the "nature" of women. Even early
           | Marxsim excluded reproductive work, as the precondition of
           | all productive labor from its aspirations.
        
         | mam2 wrote:
         | There is no justice in the world. You seem to be strugglinh
         | with this idea :(
        
         | Dracophoenix wrote:
         | The same could be said of the US Dollar (or anything really).
         | All value is speculative until proven and changes in those
         | speculations can't be stopped. What's worse in the Dollar's
         | case vis a vis crypto is that the divorce between "real" value
         | and "created" value is determined by a tiny group of
         | institutional bankers and their government liaisons. Reality,
         | much less work ethic, won't change their minds. If you think
         | that crypto is akin to a religious sect, then the Fed is a
         | financial Vatican slowly collapsing in its importance while
         | denying it all the same. Rid yourself of the fallacy that
         | holding on to value is hoarding lest you believe that what one
         | does with one's wealth should be determined by others.
        
         | yks wrote:
         | Wealth is a human's worth under capitalism and arguing against
         | riches of any kind while the number goes up is a philosophical
         | attack on what we believe in as a society. At best you're
         | looked at as an idiot, at worst you're the enemy that threatens
         | the system. Fortunately, this too shall pass.
        
         | GoodJokes wrote:
         | I am mostly just super happy that I finally learned my job in
         | life. It is utterly clear tech bros could have used a lot more
         | liberal arts education.
        
         | naveen99 wrote:
         | Appropriate Capital allocation is value creation.
        
         | cblconfederate wrote:
         | Tbf, the same holds for stocks. It's a game where everyone
         | wins, currently. This obviously never ends well.
        
         | eli_gottlieb wrote:
         | >Our job in life is to engage in value creation.
         | 
         | I don't think there's any non-tautological way in which this
         | can be simultaneously true and not an oppressive imposition by
         | capitalism.
        
           | isoskeles wrote:
           | Even without capitalism, you have a duty to create value for
           | the people around you, and you might expect the same of them.
           | There are exceptions for the young, old, and infirm.
        
             | m3ta4a wrote:
             | In no world where there is a "duty" to provide value am I
             | going to be found happily providing value. In this world,
             | in my experience, your statement is simply false. If I
             | happen to provide some form of value it is from my choosing
             | to, not to satisfy the demands of some formless "duty".
        
               | isoskeles wrote:
               | The "duty" is to satisfy the demands of existing within a
               | community of people, where able-bodied freeloaders are
               | never welcome. But I can understand nitpicking over
               | semantics. Replace the word "duty" with whatever you
               | want.
        
               | m3ta4a wrote:
               | Nonsense, a different word doesn't suddenly make it
               | universally true. It could be a guiding philosophy,
               | something like "to live a good life provide value to your
               | community". But it is in no practical way a rule.
        
               | groone wrote:
               | It is a universal rule as if you don't do that, you are
               | part of the problem and are creating a drag on the
               | society, reducing the value for everyone to use and
               | enjoy. Your argument sounds like You want to see the
               | society to fail and collapse.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | It's not universal. I'd rather see someone "freeload" in
               | a system of wild wealth inequality than further enrich
               | those who already have runaway gains via the power law.
               | In fact, I'd say it's quite an ethical position to take.
               | 
               | Put another way, I'll worry about a million people not
               | "adding value" when there ceases to exist individuals who
               | have captured enough wealth to support a million people.
               | The latter is the real problem.
        
               | groone wrote:
               | If you are not creating value that means you are
               | consuming value created by others. The total value
               | created for everyone to enjoy shrinks. Society just
               | cannot sustain itself without people who create more
               | value than they consume.
               | 
               | Who is going to create all the value consumed by rent
               | seekers, financial engineers, thieves, scammers, corrupt
               | or bloated government? People who create and provide more
               | value than they consume.
        
             | eli_gottlieb wrote:
             | That's the tautological branch of the dilemma, yes.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | the_local_host wrote:
             | > Even without capitalism, you have a duty to create value
             | for the people around you
             | 
             | I don't think this is true. This is one of these work ethic
             | corollaries that helped build wealthy societies when
             | productivity was proportional to people's effort. But it
             | seems to grow more obsolete by the day.
        
               | isoskeles wrote:
               | Do you think that early hunter-gatherers shared their
               | food with people who did not participate in acquiring
               | food?
               | 
               | Without capitalism, we could regress to the most
               | primitive version of civilization and still require
               | contribution to the tribe. The alternative is to go off
               | on your own (and at that point, there are no "people
               | around you" to help). Less primitive alternatives, as
               | different political-economic systems, usually still
               | require you to contribute through taxation.
        
               | CyberRabbit wrote:
               | > Do you think that early hunter-gatherers shared their
               | food with people who did not participate in acquiring
               | food?
               | 
               | Almost certainly, yes. Is altruism missing from your
               | vocabulary?
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | RGamma wrote:
       | Welcome to the age of meaninglessness.
       | 
       | Why should tech tycoons and .1 percenters be the only ones living
       | with their head in the clouds?
        
         | realce wrote:
         | Giving you today another version of what you had yesterday.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHFrhIAj0ME
        
       | real-dino wrote:
       | GME is actually quite a solid gamble, and could lead to what
       | people are referring to as the MOASS.
       | 
       | https://iamnotafinancialadvisor.com/DD/GME/og/GMEv14.pdf
       | 
       | It hasn't alreadys been like this, but everything has been turned
       | into overdrive. Where people were talking about 10% returns on
       | investments, people are getting 1000% returns on investment.
       | 
       | There is some bubble going on at the moment with the repo-market,
       | hyper inflatation and what is being coined 'the everything
       | short', but it's all too crazy to talk about seriously. Money has
       | always been valuable, but will becoming a millionaire in a years
       | time be the same as it is now? It's literally a field in a
       | database, and a sheet of paper from the future could get you
       | there! The stock market and crypto is so similar to gambling too
       | it really pushes those triggers in the brain.
       | 
       | Buy and HOLD does run counter to this though, but still, we are
       | all still dreaming of benefiting from the chaos.
       | 
       | I've been full on GME for a while now, and back in January, the
       | shorts did not cover. Not even by a long shot.
       | 
       | Ask me anything about GME and I will try to answer, but it does
       | feel like some kind of echo chamber at the moment, even though I
       | am participating, but then again everything is so crazy at the
       | moment regardless, it might just be true.
        
         | alecst wrote:
         | I'll take you up on that.
         | 
         | What's your thoughts on how many GME investors are retail vs.
         | institutional? Any idea on what the breakdown is like?
        
           | real-dino wrote:
           | Honestly, no-one knows, except maybe Citadel and brokers who
           | run via 'payment for order flow'
           | 
           | There have been estimates using subscriber counts on
           | subreddits and an average value which feels like complete BS,
           | and there are some brokers who broadcast how many they own.
           | 
           | However, institutional ownership for the top 10 is 192%
           | 
           | http://finra-
           | markets.morningstar.com/MarketData/EquityOption...
           | 
           | Even Finra don't seem to know properly, the sums don't add
           | up.
        
         | kart23 wrote:
         | Why doesn't gamestop just sell back a ton of stock? They
         | repurchased >100 Million in shares in 2019 for dirt cheap. I
         | saw the news about the share selloff, but a paltry 3.5M shares
         | isn't what I was expecting, and thats part of the reason I was
         | extremely skeptical about GME, why wouldn't the company simply
         | sell directly to the shorts so that they could cover?
         | 
         | https://ycharts.com/companies/GME/stock_buyback
        
       | tcbawo wrote:
       | Money is stored wealth, the ability to buy goods and services in
       | the future. The problem seems to be that we live in a time of
       | societal upheaval. The future of stored wealth becomes cloudier
       | and more uncertain the further you go out in time. So, what is
       | the best place to store wealth? Will my wealth be eroded by
       | inflation? Will the companies I invest in become obsolete by
       | technology or market-manipulating nation states? Will regulation
       | changes suddenly damage the value of my investment? Will changes
       | in tax regime eat my earnings? Will corruption and crime take my
       | wealth? Clearly, some people are getting out of hand with
       | speculation and credit (a suitcase full of lottery tickets is not
       | diversification). As Warren Buffett says, when the tide goes out
       | you learn who's been swimming naked. The economy has its ups and
       | downs and speculative fervor ebbs and flows. There are no
       | certainties, but IMHO all you can do is stay diversified and
       | maximize the probability of your success.
        
         | aqme28 wrote:
         | > Money is stored wealth
         | 
         | This is sort of a tautology. I like the explanation better that
         | money is a "call option on goods and services."
        
         | psychlops wrote:
         | Money is a representation of stored wealth. An important
         | distinction. Live in a country that has an unstable currency
         | for a while and money is a liability and may show what it's
         | truly worth. Nothing.
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | > Money is stored wealth...
         | 
         | That is merely one function of money, and as the marginal cost
         | of production plummets that role becomes less useful.
         | 
         | In a modern economy it's also, for example, a signaling
         | mechanism (arms-length communications tool), with pricing
         | guiding production and effort.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | I heard of a wealthy family that had managed to maintain their
         | wealth in Europe across multiple generations, through lots of
         | war, upheaval, regime change, and so on. Their formula was "one
         | third gold, one third art, one third land". You could lose any
         | piece of it in any upheaval, but you wouldn't be likely to lose
         | all of it.
        
           | solosoyokaze wrote:
           | Their formula was being wealthy enough to float above war,
           | upheaval, regime change and so on. If they were wealthy
           | enough, they probably triggered some of that and capitalized
           | on war profiteering.
        
             | xyzzy123 wrote:
             | I don't like this comment, but I can't put my finger on why
             | exactly.
             | 
             | I think it's the drive-by, reflexive assignment of guilt,
             | while knowing nothing of the circumstances.
             | 
             | This strikes me as the opposite of thinking. What you said
             | might be true, it might not, what have you added to the
             | world?
        
         | LudwigNagasena wrote:
         | Assets are less ephemeral stored wealth. Money facilitates
         | transactions, but it is not a factor of production, it is not a
         | consumption good, and it is not backed up by any of these
         | things, so it is a very nebulous type of wealth.
        
         | rufus_foreman wrote:
         | >> The problem seems to be that we live in a time of societal
         | upheaval
         | 
         | What time wasn't a time of societal upheaval? The Great
         | Depression? World War 2? The Cold War? The Sixties?
         | Stagflation? The Reagan era? The Clinton era? Post-9/11? Trump?
         | 
         | Markets climb a wall of worry.
        
           | mrfusion wrote:
           | We didn't start the fire ...
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | Money is a debt that grants you to the right to someone else's
         | labor, the reason you work for money is that someone else
         | promises to work for you in exchange. It doesn't store wealth.
         | If you do not utilize your money, then someone else doesn't
         | work and that person's time is irreversibly lost, despite no
         | work being performed. That is why money is losing value over
         | time, I mean, money should be losing value over time. The
         | "should" is just a political decision because we consider it
         | fairer, than the inverse, letting someone become unemployed and
         | then you ask for even more work from them because your money
         | has appreciated.
         | 
         | This is why you must put your money into a bank account,
         | because someone else out there will use that unemployed
         | person's time to create value on behalf of you.
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | My answer to these questions and other unknowns about the fed,
         | fiscal policy, America and its role in the world, the economy
         | etc. is that the future will be a lot like the present, but
         | more so. So extent the current trends into the future. Sure,
         | things sometimes change, even dramatically such as the fall of
         | the USSR or 911, but we are living in a steady-state world in
         | which the underling trends do not change. Inflation will remain
         | low in spite of printing, America remain on top economically
         | and militaristically. Stock market keep going up. US dollar
         | remain strong.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | The current president is attempting to bring things back to
           | normal and the USA will stay strong because of that. The EU
           | and Japan are not doing what they really should be doing.
        
           | jonfw wrote:
           | I bet the romans said the same thing
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | Sure and like America eventually, they'll be taken out by
             | ecological collapse (Rome was dealing with exhausted
             | agricultural soils for much of it's collapse).
             | 
             | But in the wake of that, the idea that you're going to be
             | holding onto much of anything that'll matter globally is
             | laughable.
        
             | nonameiguess wrote:
             | Most of them were right. Rome lasted for 950 years. All
             | things must pass, but it isn't likely to happen in your
             | lifetime.
        
           | solosoyokaze wrote:
           | The current trend is record breaking wealth inequality. We
           | already have rampant inflation in the form of housing,
           | education and health care costs. It's an unsustainable
           | situation near its breaking point.
        
         | XorNot wrote:
         | Money isn't really stored wealth, it's a transferable debt
         | obligation from the government. It's guaranteed to be
         | redeemable to settle up taxes and court rulings, and entitles
         | you to some estimate of the productivity of it's jurisdiction -
         | enforced by the government.
        
       | ArtWomb wrote:
       | Skip this NYMag pablum. Read Dean Kissick's Downward Spiral:
       | Popular Things (on NFTs and the pervasiveness of mundane art)
       | instead. "We live in an algorithmically generated culture, and we
       | are the algorithms" ;)
       | 
       | https://www.spikeartmagazine.com/articles/downward-spiral-po...
        
         | rideontime wrote:
         | I hope your dismissive tone doesn't cause people to skip the
         | column you linked. I appreciate seeing a criticism of NFTs (and
         | meme "art" in general) that isn't solely about environmental
         | impact. "Post-death culture" is a term that's going to stick
         | with me.
        
       | pyrrhotech wrote:
       | There's only one entity to blame for this mess of a bubble, the
       | US federal reserve. It started with Greenspan, and it's gotten
       | worse with every subsequent chairperson
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | How many people are actually getting rich with NFTs besides
       | people who who are already celebrities/famous? Not many. The
       | market is flooded now with NTFs. The overwhelming majority of
       | listings do not sell or sell for little.
       | 
       | A better way to make money is with 3x ETFs using options
       | strategies, which I am working on. The performance of some of the
       | major 3x funds such as TECL, FNGU, and TQQQ surpass even Bitcoin
        
         | tekromancr wrote:
         | Ah, 3x ETFs. For the sophisticated degenerate.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | They work just fine, until they don't.
        
         | second--shift wrote:
         | The contango drag on 3x ETFs is hilarious - good luck on your
         | endeavors sir, I've got futures contracts for sale for your
         | fund manager to buy.
        
           | paulpauper wrote:
           | no it's not. it is actually positive due to the dividends . a
           | 3x funds pays 3x the dividends . the borrow cost is only 1%,
           | versus 2% dividend
        
             | second--shift wrote:
             | > a 3x funds pays 3x the dividends
             | 
             | what? which funds pay 3x dividends? All of the leveraged
             | ETFs i'm familiar with replicate the 3x exposure with
             | futures contracts, which do not pay dividends. the drag
             | exists when these futures contracts are in contango, where
             | the back-month is more expensive than the front-month. The
             | leveraged ETF pays that drag every time the fund rolls to
             | the next futures. Nothing to do with borrowing costs.
             | 
             | This is also the reason why USO trends down long term,
             | regardless of the spot price of oil.
        
               | paulpauper wrote:
               | it would only be in contago if there is borrow and
               | storage cost. This applies to commodities. But stocks pay
               | dividends, so this can cease backwardation if interest
               | rates are low relative to dividends.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | But where are the 3x funds that pay 3x the dividends?
        
               | paulpauper wrote:
               | futures and swaps do not pay dividends, so the dividends
               | on 3x funds are imputed in the nav, adjusted
               | incrementally everyday . I compared a 3x of the DIA
               | (UDOW) to the 1x version and found that the 3x outperform
               | in such a way that the only reason for the discrepancy is
               | 3x dividends.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | Ok.
               | 
               | Leveraged ETFs are very dangerous animals, though.
               | 
               | UDOW lost 17% in 2020 while DIA went up 8%.
        
       | cjf4 wrote:
       | >for many of us, money is only experienced through our phones, as
       | a number on a screen. You pay your rent with one app, you buy put
       | options with another. The number goes up, it goes down, it lives
       | in the little portal we hold in our hands.
       | 
       | And decades ago it was a number written down on a little piece of
       | paper, and before that it was little pieces of "precious" metal
       | locked away somewhere.
       | 
       | At least nowadays amateurs have a better chance to be literate.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | I still have gold and prefer cash for purchasing daily items.
         | 
         | The money seems real, swiping cards or phone financial
         | transfers lack a physical reality and my brain has less
         | friction with digital transfers, thus I avoid them out of
         | financial prudence.
        
           | jp555 wrote:
           | Have you noticed how your cash is buying fewer items than it
           | did a ~year ago? My daily item costs are WAY up, which is
           | really just saying the value of the cash is WAY down.
        
             | jfengel wrote:
             | Honestly, no, I haven't. My groceries are the same. My
             | electric bill is stable. The watch I'm replacing today is
             | the same price today as ten years ago when I got its
             | predecessor.
             | 
             | I don't know if it's because I buy different things from
             | you, or if I live in a different place from you, or what.
             | But my andecdote is that no, I'm not paying more for stuff
             | than a year ago.
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | Odd that some people don't notice things like this...
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrinkflation
               | 
               | Do you actually track spending or just don't notice?
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | A gallon of milk is still a gallon of milk. A pound of
               | carrots is still a pound of carrots.
               | 
               | It sounds as if your basket of goods is different from
               | mine. Most of the examples on that Wikipedia page are
               | sugary foods, which I just don't buy a lot of.
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | I used to buy 3lbs of carrots, but now the bags are 2lbs
               | but cost the same.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | Here, two pounds of carrots are $1.79, just as they have
               | been for as long as I can remember. I don't have a
               | spreadsheet, but I know what carrots cost. They certainly
               | haven't shot up by 50%.
        
               | wcfields wrote:
               | I just saw this in real-time this past month with cat
               | food.
               | 
               | A 24pk of Rx Renal cat food went from 5.8oz to 5.1oz[1].
               | I buy two packs at a time and what used to cost $113.76
               | is now $114.72 Effectively they're charging me an extra
               | buck to keep 33.6oz (5.7 old-cans / 6.5 new-cans) of cat
               | food from me.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.chewy.com/royal-canin-veterinary-diet-
               | renal/dp/2...
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Do you actually track spending or just don't notice?
               | 
               | Do you? The BLS does, and their inflation numbers for
               | food is 3.5% YOY.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.bls.gov/cpi/
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | I do actually. Because I am poor, I'm extremely conscious
               | of my spending, and have spreadsheets and save receipts
               | to track price changes in normal purchases.
        
             | newsclues wrote:
             | Yes, inflation is real, and since I'm on a fixed income I
             | noticed that despite cutting out luxuries and limiting meat
             | purchases, my groovy bill went up and I still lost weight.
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | Insufficient data - supports several modeks.
               | 
               | If you are trying to lose weight, shifting away from
               | sugary & processed foods & meat to high-quality fresh
               | fruits, vegetables, nuts, etc. can definitely increase
               | your grocery bill while reducing your weight in a very
               | healthy way. Food bill may go down by going directly to
               | farmers, but travel & fetching costs increase.
               | 
               | Or, it could be an unhealthy shift towards more processed
               | foods, costing more in factory work & transport, and you
               | are seeing real inflation.
               | 
               | So, insufficient data to indicate inflation or not.
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | Wasn't trying to lose weight and my diet remained
               | essentially the same other than modification due to cost
               | (mainly less meat).
               | 
               | I had a fixed grocery budget, and over months, I lost
               | weight due to a caloric deficit. Literally I bought less
               | food with the same money and the result was just over a
               | pound a month lost .
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | I'm sorry to hear that you are having such difficulties;
               | I hope things improve for you soon.
               | 
               | That is the data we need to confirm that you're seeing
               | inflation. Curious where you are located that you are
               | seeing these numbers?
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | It's ok, I might be poor but I'm pretty happy despite the
               | disability.
               | 
               | I live in a city an hour away from Toronto, Canada.
        
         | legulere wrote:
         | It's the other way around. First there was personal debt, then
         | impersonal money.
         | 
         | In the beginning you would just lend stuff from other people
         | and give it back, or with consumables give something back of
         | similar worth.
         | 
         | Precious metal was pretty rarely used, as its main benefit is
         | that you need almost no common trust relationship.
        
           | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
           | I see you've read Graeber. Great book and changed my views on
           | a lot of things, particularly how much of our "common sense"
           | understanding/education on topics relies on "just so"
           | assumptions made by some aristocratic scholar a couple
           | centuries ago.
           | 
           | Anyhow, to explain for the forum: Graeber's book goes through
           | the evidence we know of from the places were money first
           | appeared. In essence, debt came first, and money was a later
           | innovation. Very interestingly temple records using tally
           | mark schemes may have been what lead to the development of
           | cuneiform writing in the levant. A similar debt first pattern
           | appears in other places, at other times too.
           | 
           | Coinage, particularly metal coins, came about much later as a
           | clever hack by rulers to simplify raising and maintaining a
           | large army. Pass a law demanding all citizens pay you X coins
           | each year. Pay your soldiers in coins. Suddenly your society
           | is figuring out how to feed and house soldiers, without you
           | haven't to build a command hierarchy to run it all directly.
           | 
           | I can't recommend this book enough. It's dense in parts
           | because he goes into a lot of detail that fully justifies
           | what he's saying. Still, completely fascinating to learn much
           | of the way we think of economic history is mythology. It's
           | also a great lens for understanding what's happening now with
           | cryptocurrencies.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | Yeah this is true, people didn't necessarily "barter" back in
           | the day. Traders and merchants probably did because they
           | wanted immediate payment, but within a trustworthy community
           | you simply record or memorize what you did and demand the
           | other side to pay you back in the future.
           | 
           | An oversimplified hunter and gatherer society would just let
           | the hunters give meat to the gatherers, assuming that they
           | will one day be paid back with gathered vegetables or fruit.
        
       | drewcoo wrote:
       | The difference between finance and gambling is largely class. The
       | things we call finance and gambling today both trace back to
       | gambling/insurance in Venice a few centuries ago. They've
       | diverged over time to reflect society and now Vegas is low brow
       | and Wall Street is peopled with suits. If finance has been
       | reduced to gambling, it just means that class boundaries are
       | being broken down. In the cases listed, broken down by
       | technology.
        
       | JackPoach wrote:
       | And this never ends well.
        
       | jp555 wrote:
       | Zero mention of the recent unprecedented fiat currency printing
       | we've seen, nor the fact that _every time_ since the Tang Dynasty
       | when we have done this, it has led to _very_ troubling times
       | 12-18 months later.
       | 
       | Everyone is gambling even if they dont know Crypto exists.
        
         | richardwhiuk wrote:
         | TFA:
         | 
         | > Asked if the money the Fed was injecting into banks in the
         | wake of the global financial crisis was "taxpayer money,"
         | Bernanke shook his head and grinned sheepishly. "To lend to a
         | bank," he said, "we simply use the computer to mark up the size
         | of the account that they have with the Fed."
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | Ha. I was skeptical about the unprecedented bit but googling
         | seems to indicate you are correct, at least for the US
         | https://mobile.twitter.com/fgmr/status/1355105955982282752
        
           | quickthrowman wrote:
           | You need to look at velocity of money in conjunction with the
           | money supply to get the true picture:
           | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M2V
           | 
           | The tweet you linked leaves out half the story, which is that
           | money velocity is down greatly, thus the increase in money
           | supply hasn't caused rapid inflation.
           | 
           | https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-
           | economy/2014/september/wha...
        
             | tim333 wrote:
             | Yeah though what happens when people go out again?
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Hopefully people spend their money and corporations
               | invest their money to meet the demand.
        
         | ac29 wrote:
         | The US printed and spent tons of money during World War 2, and
         | the postwar period was one of, if not the largest economic
         | expansions in its modern history.
        
           | hpoe wrote:
           | I see this argument come up a lot, I'd like to point out 2
           | points.
           | 
           | 1) Wealth wasn't created during WW2, almost all of the
           | increased production went to things like bombs and tanks and
           | bullets, these things don't provide a real increase in
           | quality of life this is one of the main points in 1984,
           | people need to be kept busy, but Quality of Life can't
           | increase.
           | 
           | 2) The postwar boom was largely a result of everyone except
           | America being unable to really produce because their economy
           | and workforce was shattered. When you suddenly have 66%
           | percent of the world only able to purchase from you, that's a
           | lot of demand that you can then serve.
        
             | lazerpants wrote:
             | Plus it was an unprecedented investment in labor. An entire
             | generation of young men were either killed or maimed, or
             | they received job training and the offer of a free college
             | degree. Suddenly you have an exceedingly employable
             | workforce. And, on top of that, employing women became
             | acceptable too, all creating a situation in which supply
             | expanded massively.
        
             | nickthemagicman wrote:
             | This is a great point. Not to mention the world owed the US
             | a bunch of money due to the Lend Lease Act.
             | 
             | https://www.loc.gov/item/today-in-
             | history/october-23/#:~:tex....
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | then how come the US economy boomed after 2009 in spite of
         | unprecedented stimulus and other programs. Not saying that the
         | programs caused the expansion, but it did not seem to hurt it
         | either. Everyone who said that the printing would cause
         | inflation, a repeat crisis, recession, or other problems, were
         | wrong.
        
           | makomk wrote:
           | I'm not sure to what extent the 2008 crisis and the stimulus
           | programs even did result in net printing of money. Remember,
           | every time a bank issues a new loan they're printing money
           | and every time they reduce lending they're destroying it, and
           | increases in the flow of money are also act much like an
           | increase in the money supply. So when the banks stopped
           | lending and the money flows locked up back in 2008, this was
           | effectively a massive destruction of money that offset some
           | of the money printing.
           | 
           | The Covid pandemic is different. Western economies are
           | heavily service-based and the pandemic effectively stopped
           | many of those services being consumed. All of the restaurant
           | meals and vacations and so on are gone, never happened, the
           | opportunity to create them forfeited, even some factory
           | production time was lost - and the money that would've paid
           | for those things remained in the customers' pockets. Yet in
           | most countries, the employees who would've worked to supply
           | them also earned most of what they would've got for doing so.
           | There's an imbalance there between stuff available to consume
           | and money paid that's fundamentally very different from 2008,
           | which was mostly a crisis in the financial and housing
           | sectors.
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | It boomed according to certain metrics but fewer people could
           | afford housing and transportation so I'm not sure I agree.
        
             | realce wrote:
             | It's hard NOT to have the metrics of a "boom" when the Fed
             | just buys up any bad asset on the market and puts it in a
             | black bag.
        
               | swiley wrote:
               | Not being able to get to work or live inside because of a
               | national financial issue is not a boom.
        
           | AlexandrB wrote:
           | Doesn't something feel _wrong_ about the post 2008  "boom"?
           | Theoretically the economy is doing great but you have
           | constant social upheaval, a generation where many are still
           | living with their parents, and the need for constant central
           | bank stimulus in the form of cheap credit.
           | 
           | I sometimes wonder if we've managed to mask the real state of
           | the economy by pumping the metrics to make it look like it's
           | fine.
        
             | h2odragon wrote:
             | Empty houses everywhere since 2008. Someone has those
             | booked at "full value" as assets, but they're gonna take
             | money to remove before any use of the site can be made;
             | they have negative value.
        
             | mbil wrote:
             | Lyn Alden explored this idea in her January newsletter,
             | titled "The Hindsight Depression"[0].
             | 
             | > the US and much of the rest of the world have already
             | been in a mild depression for the past 12 years, ever since
             | the 2008 global financial crisis. It's just not as obvious
             | as the 1930s depression, because higher levels of
             | technology and anti-deflationary monetary policy disguised
             | it in a nominal sense.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.lynalden.com/january-2021-newsletter/
        
             | calvano915 wrote:
             | > I sometimes wonder if we've managed to mask the real
             | state of the economy by pumping the metrics to make it look
             | like it's fine.
             | 
             | This concept extrapolates widely in our personal and
             | professional lives. The internet and cell phones were
             | probably the biggest real pieces of innovation in my
             | lifetime (mid thirties). Everything else is just fluffed up
             | rehashes of relics or in very early stages of something
             | radically new. I just read an article proposing genomics as
             | the next big thing to really change the course of medicine
             | and humanity, and I'm inclined to agree but do not see what
             | the timeline of the tipping point will be. Everywhere else
             | I look I just see more stagnation, short term
             | thinking/goals, and continuation of status quo...with
             | touches of regression throughout.
        
             | sauwan wrote:
             | Many economists argue that the 2008 stimulus didn't do
             | enough, and that where it did provide stimulus it was
             | applied at the wrong places (towards the top rather than
             | the bottom). That's why we're seeing this response to the
             | current situation.
        
               | api wrote:
               | If you are going to do stimulus, the way we are doing it
               | now is better. Even better still would be to drop money
               | from helicopters.
               | 
               | There's an argument to be made that we have done _too
               | much_ over the past ~10 years and are risking significant
               | inflation, but that 's a separate argument and it's hard
               | to say what else we could have done that would have been
               | better. Inflationary blowoff is usually less painful than
               | deflationary depression, but neither is good. Policy is
               | often an exercise in choosing the least awful option.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | I agree, ineffective policies just cause unintended
               | consequences. If the Fed or us government had done its
               | job we wouldn't have to print so much money in the first
               | place.
        
             | tim333 wrote:
             | Things are kind of distorted from what would be fair. The
             | near zero interest rates have lead to high property prices
             | which has made owners rich and renters poor in a rather
             | arbitrary manner.
             | 
             | It's like the governments are trying to control a lot of
             | variables with only a couple of levers.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | A lot of the Fed problems are related to the fact that it
               | doesn't have direct control over the economy and the help
               | (fiscal stimulus) that is most needed can only be done by
               | the US government.
        
             | roenxi wrote:
             | Add to that the collapse in wage growth and the conspicuous
             | difference in the rate of improvement in Asia vs in
             | America.
             | 
             | The World Bank says [0] the US GDP per capita has more than
             | doubled since 1996. In real terms. Computers have been a
             | big boost, but it seems a tough sell that the US population
             | has actually seen a real doubling in that time. That is
             | saying a dude with a house in 1996 is a dude with 2 houses
             | now. Is that arguably true? Where is the stuff?
             | 
             | [0] https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?loc
             | ation...
        
               | RugnirViking wrote:
               | > Is that arguably true? Where is the stuff?
               | 
               | In the hands of increasingly few people, namely tech
               | billionaires. Amazon for example is worth more than all
               | but 18 of the entire world's sovereign nations'
               | respective GDP.
               | 
               | The economy has grown tremendously, in measurable terms,
               | but that growth has almost exclusively gone to the 0.1%
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | True
               | 
               | And also much of the 'stuff' is here, or converted to
               | services. 25 yrs ago, approx no one had 55"+ tvs,
               | internet connection was a minority, and media eas
               | collections of CDs/Videotapes. Now 'net connections are
               | near-universal, and it is all streaming. Cell phones were
               | just beginning & expensive, now everyone has a powerful
               | computer in their pocket. We don't have two houses, but
               | the ones we have are worth twice as much. Cars are much
               | better developed than 2 decades ago, snd we'll soon have
               | ubiquitous electric cars...
               | 
               | All of it needs to be more evenly spread. Just look at
               | the charts of portions of funds going to labor vs
               | capital.
        
               | RugnirViking wrote:
               | Those things became cheaper to produce because of
               | technological advancement, largely developed by people
               | who did not benefit from this rise in production. They do
               | not represent wealth in any meaningful sense. Wealth is
               | economic power, and 55" TVs dont help you start a
               | buisness or pay a downpayment for a mortgage. Internet
               | connection may once have served as some measure of
               | economic power, but its no coincidence that those with
               | the power currently are doing everything they can to
               | restrict the rights of normal people to create using it.
               | 
               | Imo, its really about things that give you more agency
               | over your own life and the world. Cars are good, they
               | represent a great increase in our ability to travel and
               | make decisions for ourselves.
               | 
               | > We don't have two houses, but the ones we have are
               | worth twice as much.
               | 
               | This is largely a wealth transfer to the elderly. Among
               | under 40s, home ownership has fallen consistently since
               | the 1990s, with only a brief increase in 2001-2005.
        
               | owenversteeg wrote:
               | It's worth mentioning that houses are not only worth far
               | more, they are also physically much larger while
               | household sizes have gotten smaller. In 1850 households
               | had on average nearly 6 people; in 1890 five, in the
               | 1930s four, in the seventies three - and today, the
               | average household in America has two and a half people.
               | Meanwhile house sizes have almost tripled since the 50s:
               | new single-family homes were an average of 983 square
               | feet in 1950 (about 280 sqft per person); today they are
               | around 2,600 square feet (around 1050 sqft per person.)
               | 
               | That is to say - not only are the houses almost three
               | times larger, but the average American has nearly -four-
               | times more personal space today vs in the 1950s.
               | 
               | The improvements in cars have been crazy - I wrote a
               | comment about that recently:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26389885
               | 
               | Only 3.4% of jobs in America require very heavy strength
               | according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. With the US
               | employment rate at 56.8%, that's 1.9% of the population
               | that has to do a very strenuous job.
               | 
               | Compared to even very recent generations, we live in
               | palaces, we drive in luxury, we work cushy jobs, and we
               | have endless entertainment.
               | 
               | >All of it needs to be more evenly spread.
               | 
               | Absolutely. Among the world, of course, but even within
               | America the inequality is still huge. The fact that we
               | live with this inequality while having the resources to
               | fix it is a stain on our collective conscience.
        
               | rchaud wrote:
               | > Is that arguably true? Where is the stuff?
               | 
               | First off, the chart shows GDP per capita at current
               | prices, meaning it's not adjusted for inflation.
               | 
               | GDP per capita is a very rough proxy for economic well-
               | being. Adam Neumann of WeWork 'earned' $185 million for
               | getting fired. So in essence, he raised GDP per capita by
               | about $0.50.
        
               | paulpauper wrote:
               | someone needs to do a blog post or write up explaining
               | how in sane world this is rational or justified, but in a
               | serious manner . That is unheard of anywhere else in the
               | world where people get paid so much after they fuckk up.
        
               | lazerpants wrote:
               | That is incorrect. GDP is typically calculated using an
               | expenditure approach. Just transferring 185MM would not
               | impact GDP.
        
               | rchaud wrote:
               | GDP can also be calculated using the income approach,
               | since conceptually they both add up to the same amount.
               | 
               | In either case, it is still a highly misleading proxy
               | measure for economic development and well-being.
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | Doing great if you're on the part of the K that's going up -
           | not down.
        
       | 99_00 wrote:
       | This article is the a sign of a speculative mania peaking.
       | 
       | There is a lot of liquidity. But liquidity has a bad habit of
       | disappearing when margin calls are made.
       | 
       | Don't get me wrong, I'm gambling too. The choice is to join the
       | speculation party or sit out because there is no value to buy.
       | And I'm joining in, but my eye is on the exit.
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | >If crisis had opened the door to a new way of thinking about
       | money, the checks closed the door on the old: Gone was an
       | understanding of money as a scarce, quasi-natural resource to be
       | managed disinterestedly by apolitical experts. The question was:
       | What was replacing it? Would MMT's chartalist view of money as a
       | tool of state power prevail? (The undeniable success of the
       | pandemic cash drop seemed to be a point in its favor.) Or could
       | the crypto-millenarians' anarchic vision of money backed by
       | cybermetal take the upper hand? (Cryptocurrency had a boom year,
       | perhaps driven by the existential fear that accompanies a global
       | pandemic.) Maybe the Marxists would finally figure out how to
       | abolish the value form? (Don't hold your breath.)
       | 
       | This is bollocks. Money will always be scarce, by design. Look at
       | all the ppl struggling to get by even in spite of these stimulus
       | checks, who lost their jobs or businesses due to Covid and still
       | have not be rehired. The money that the fed is creating is not
       | the type of money that individuals exchange with, which also
       | explains the low inflation.
       | 
       | Rather, what everyone got wrong is, the experts, pundits, etc. in
       | 2008, and now in 2020-2021 thought that all of this printing
       | would cause inflation to surge, but CPI just refuses to budge
       | much. This is due to many factors, such as America's growing
       | economic dominance, which has widened since 2008 and even more so
       | since Covid.
        
         | makomk wrote:
         | Remember, CPI is just the average of a particular basket of
         | goods weighted in a particular way - it doesn't necessarily
         | represent the real levels of inflation people will see. I know
         | for example that here in the UK, the low figures were the
         | result of price increases in things people were actually buying
         | like food, computers, cars, holiday stays when we weren't
         | locked down, etc being counterbalanced by lower increases or
         | even decreases in things they weren't buying as much anymore
         | like clothes. (Our better news sources went out their way to
         | explain this.) So the average person would have seen rather
         | higher inflation than the CPI and RPI would suggest.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >I know for example that here in the UK, the low figures were
           | the result of price increases in things people were actually
           | buying like food, computers, cars, holiday stays when we
           | weren't locked down, etc being counterbalanced by lower
           | increases or even decreases in things they weren't buying as
           | much anymore like clothes.
           | 
           | Source? Maybe uk is different but that claim isn't consistent
           | with the CPI figures coming from the BLS. In your list of
           | things food makes up the biggest part, and it's only up 3.5%
           | YOY. Computers is actually down 3.2%. New cars/trucks is only
           | up 1.5%. Used cars/trucks is up 9.4%, but that only makes up
           | 2.71% of the basket.
           | 
           | https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/supplemental-
           | files/cpi-u-2021...
        
       | nickthemagicman wrote:
       | Value is already decoupled from money in the entire economy.
       | 
       | When inflation is 3% YOY, but wages don't increase.
       | 
       | If money was an indicator of value wages would track with
       | inflation.
       | 
       | There's no objective measure of value anymore and most jobs are
       | more or less bullshit jobs.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullshit_Jobs
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | Median household income is up to $69k now. In 1980, it was
         | $17k. Wages are up 3.7x since 1980. REAL median household
         | income is up 32% [1]. And this is with labor force
         | participation absolutely plummeting [2].
         | 
         | Less people are working, and yet households are bringing in 32%
         | more.
         | 
         | [1] https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MEHOINUSA672N
         | 
         | [2] https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CIVPART
        
           | 52-6F-62 wrote:
           | That isn't really meaningful on its own, is it?
           | 
           | I'm sure the parent comment actually meant in the context of
           | how it income has increased in relation to cost of living
           | (though they didn't indicate that explicitly)
           | 
           | eg, https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/101314/what-
           | does-cu...
        
       | simonebrunozzi wrote:
       | > Maybe the question we should have been texting our financially
       | literate friends wasn't "What is an NFT?" but "What is money
       | now?"
       | 
       | Potentially interesting piece on the subject, but not
       | particularly deep or insightful.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Al-Khwarizmi wrote:
       | Financial elites have been gambling for decades. They seem to be
       | really upset that the plebs now can also do it.
       | 
       | When brokers did it it was OK, when algorithms did it in
       | milliseconds (when common people can only operate with delays of
       | hours and days, and with deterrent fees) it was OK, but now that
       | there are platforms that allow more or less anyone to speculate,
       | we start publishing moralistic pieces in the media and calling it
       | "gambling"?
       | 
       | Yeah, I'm sure people are going to listen... next time they want
       | to promote values based on work and effort, maybe they should try
       | not to create a system where workers are punished and gamblers
       | are rewarded.
       | 
       | PS: I don't even speculate myself, at most I buy and hold, but
       | I'm disgusted by the level of hypocrisy of those who suddenly
       | started saying that speculating was bad when common people
       | started doing it. It almost makes me want to speculate just to do
       | the opposite of what they say.
        
         | ycombinete wrote:
         | I don't quite believe that there was no moralistic sentiment
         | directed against it when high frequency started, or even before
         | that when whatever changed changed. The fact that people
         | weren't currently writing about the status quo, but then write
         | about a change to it isn't surprising.
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | The NYT had a pretty well received article on it back in
           | 2009. Michael Lewis published a book criticizing HFT back in
           | early 2014 which is a pretty good sign there was indeeed
           | moralistic sentiment against it.
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | >Financial elites have been gambling for decades. They seem to
         | be really upset that the plebs now can also do it.
         | 
         | Hardly. They make money from the commissions
        
         | disabled wrote:
         | It should be noted that gambling needs to be viewed as nothing
         | more than a form of entertainment. Back in the day, formal
         | engineering schools offered elective courses on the mathematics
         | of gambling. Just know that if you partake in the activity in
         | short stints long-term, they have it so rigged that it is
         | mathematically impossible to yield net gains long-term.
         | 
         | Personally, I think gambling is an atrocious activity. I am not
         | religious in any way, either. I just think it is a horrible
         | activity from a moral standpoint. Also, people who have
         | gambling addiction do actually have one of the worst and self-
         | destructive addictions out there.
         | 
         | There are other ways to gamble in life without actually
         | gambling.
        
           | InvertedRhodium wrote:
           | What makes gambling inherently immoral in your opinion? I
           | agree that it's addictive, but I don't see the how it's any
           | less or more immoral than smoking, drinking alcohol, etc.
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | No one is that bothered when the elites lose their money
         | gambling. It's more of an issue when people who are hard up do.
        
         | a1369209993 wrote:
         | > but now that there are platforms that allow more or less
         | anyone to speculate, we start publishing moralistic pieces in
         | the media and calling it "gambling"?
         | 
         | FWIW, I've been calling it gambling since I found out what the
         | stock market is, because that _is_ what it is. Can 't speak for
         | anyone else, though.
        
         | nunez wrote:
         | SPACs are the perfect example of this.
         | 
         | Before SPACs, retail couldn't get into IPOs at anything lower
         | than $40/share...and even that was _after_ missing the initial
         | pop that happens once the ticker starts trading.
         | 
         | Now that retail can get into (support) exciting companies at a
         | MUCH lower floor ($10 for commons, $2.50 for warrants), "SPAC
         | bad" hit pieces are a dime a dozen and some brokers (Merrill
         | Lynch, for example) won't allow retail to trade them unless
         | they have $n million in net worth.
         | 
         | Are SPACs riskier? Of course they are. Are they any riskier
         | than IPOs (which can and do trade lower than first-day
         | valuation)? I don't think so. Retail finally has a shot at the
         | same pathways for wealth than IBs and others have had since
         | forever...and we can't have that.
        
           | namdnay wrote:
           | > Are they any riskier than IPOs (which can and do trade
           | lower than first-day valuation)? I don't think so
           | 
           | There are significant regulatory and disclosure differences
           | that make it easier to be shady with a SPAC. If WeWork had
           | gone with a SPAC there's probably a lot of stuff they
           | wouldn't have needed to share
           | 
           | If the aim is to open trading directly to retail, a direct
           | listing (like Coinbase) is all you need.
        
           | paulpauper wrote:
           | except that the # of companies acquired this way is very
           | limited
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | This could be hypocrisy, but it doesn't have to be. It may be
         | "kids, don't try this at home". The pros should have a lot
         | better knowledge of the risks involved, and the resources to
         | take the consequences when they're wrong. (Yeah, I know, they
         | don't always either have the knowledge or the ability to take
         | their lumps. They still are far ahead of the amateurs in both
         | departments.)
        
         | Tenoke wrote:
         | >maybe they should try not to create a system where workers are
         | punished and gamblers are rewarded.
         | 
         | I find it hard to see how people are even thinking that it's
         | the gambling that's being rewarded. It doesn't take much to
         | check that pure gambling is unlikely you to win you money on
         | average, and that those who do make money are (again, on
         | average) doing _something_ more than just gambling.
        
         | the_local_host wrote:
         | Professionals don't gamble _with their own money_. They gamble
         | with other people 's money, and keep a percentage if they win.
         | 
         | "Common people" are entering the game without the most
         | important piece of equipment they need, namely a pile of money
         | that doesn't come out of their own pocket if they lose.
        
           | alex_anglin wrote:
           | Thanks to fees, professionals can also keep a portion if they
           | loose. If they under-perform, they also win as long as their
           | clients aren't calling them on it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bennysomething wrote:
         | This is really broad stroke. Everything we do is a gamble.
         | Investment firms work for their clients if they didn't they
         | wouldn't last very long. Contrary to what most people think
         | they play a important roles. For example spending time with
         | firms to decide if they are worth investing in. Capitol
         | allocation is really important. It allows someone like me to
         | delegate investment choices for my pension. This funds things
         | new medicine development, new technology etc. Sure there are
         | things like high frequency trading. But taken as a whole I know
         | who'd I prefer to give my money to to invest: people with
         | something to lose if it doesn't work out. I'm not sure how else
         | to allocate capitol with out totally eroding personal choice.
        
         | jayd16 wrote:
         | >Financial elites have been gambling for decades. They seem to
         | be really upset that the plebs now can also do it.
         | 
         | I really don't understand this sentiment, as if a professional
         | gambler would not gladly gamble with novices...but putting that
         | aside...
         | 
         | I think the emphasis is more about how there's no other game in
         | town that can compete, not that gambling is new.
         | 
         | Interest rates are so low that there isn't a simple/safe
         | investment entity to pull out a reliable 10%. We're all stuck
         | gambling whether we want to or not.
        
           | bondarchuk wrote:
           | > _I really don 't understand this sentiment, as if a
           | professional gambler would not gladly gamble with novices..._
           | 
           | The existence of a financial elite hinges on the existence of
           | a non-elite that actually does the work. If workers are
           | putting 25% of their paychecks in an index fund and retire a
           | few years earlier, instead of paying off their too-expensive
           | car loan or something, it will be bad for the current
           | financial elite.
           | 
           | In the end money is just an abstraction to determine who has
           | to do back-breaking work all day, and who doesn't.
        
             | anonporridge wrote:
             | I do actually wonder if the FIRE movement will come under
             | criticism in the coming years. Does the economy still work
             | if too many people are checking out of their careers in
             | their 30s and 40s?
             | 
             | But yeah, it's mostly the financial elite freaking out that
             | their kids might actually have to be a wage slave for a
             | living.
        
               | Shaanie wrote:
               | I really doubt FIRE is popular enough for them to matter
               | in practice. I suspect very few can stand pinching
               | pennies for the 10-25 years it takes to save up the
               | capital.
        
               | anonporridge wrote:
               | It probably matters more for highly paid professionals
               | who can do it in 5-10 years.
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | > If workers are putting 25% of their paychecks in an index
             | fund and retire a few years earlier, instead of paying off
             | their too-expensive car loan or something, it will be bad
             | for the current financial elite.
             | 
             | Nobody is complaining about people placing their paychecks
             | in index funds though. Index funds are a reasonably good
             | proxy for the future health of the economy, so your gains
             | from it will likely represent real growth. By contrast,
             | gains made from cryptocurrency and speculative stock must
             | be coming from someone's losses.
        
               | ksdale wrote:
               | Index funds go up because more people want to buy them
               | than sell them, cryptocurrencies go up because more
               | people want to buy them than sell them.
               | 
               | Index funds happen to represent ownership of productive
               | assets, but the assets don't really care who owns them,
               | your investment in an index fund doesn't increase the
               | number of productive assets in the world, likewise with
               | cryptocurrency.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Index funds are positive sum because companies are
               | positive sum. You buy shares in a productive enterprise,
               | which then generates revenues, and profits. These profits
               | are returned to shareholders via dividends or buybacks,
               | or just through the accretion of value within the
               | enterprise.
               | 
               | On the other hand cryptocurrencies are negative sum. The
               | only way the early folks make money is when late folks
               | put money into the system. At the same time, the house
               | (miners) are constantly extracting massive amounts of
               | actual liquidity. The "sum" of Bitcoin is negative
               | 21,000,000,000 per year. This welfare is extracted by
               | Chinese mining cartels bribing their local governments
               | for access to coal-powered electricity. Enough to offset
               | _all_ of the solar panels installed in the entire world.
               | 
               | The total amount of wasted power per Bitcoin transaction
               | is now 30 days of power for the average household, and
               | generates 100 grams of non-recyclable e-waste.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | > our investment in an index fund doesn't increase the
               | number of productive assets in the world
               | 
               | Not directly, but it creates an incentive landscape that
               | encourages the formation of more capital, basically
               | making the potential payoff of starting a company larger
               | and more likely.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | > your investment in an index fund doesn't increase the
               | number of productive assets in the world
               | 
               | Eventually, some rich people will notice that they aren't
               | getting as much money from buybacks and dividends as they
               | used to and will place their money elsewhere. It would be
               | relatively more attractive to invest in developing
               | countries or buy PR in the form of charity.
        
               | paulgb wrote:
               | Amazingly, _some_ people are complaining about index
               | funds. It's a pretty fringe position, but it comes up
               | frequently enough that "should index funds be illegal?"
               | is one of the recurring headings of Matt Levine's
               | newsletter.
               | 
               | https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/04/the-
               | autopi...
        
               | anonporridge wrote:
               | Index funds being illegal just means they're illegal for
               | the poor and middle class. Any person with sufficient
               | wealth could construct a personal index fund manually by
               | buying the individual stocks. You would probably need
               | millions to make this a worthwhile exercise.
               | 
               | Somewhat related, I really want to see someone offer some
               | kind of customizable index fund. Let me start with a base
               | index, and then exclude or include companies at will.
               | e.g. start with the S&P 500, kick out companies like
               | Exxon and Facebook and add in Tesla (pre inclusion),
               | while the service auto weights investments appropriately.
        
               | enraged_camel wrote:
               | >> Index funds are a reasonably good proxy for the future
               | health of the economy
               | 
               | Were.
               | 
               | Index funds _were_ a reasonably good proxy.
               | 
               | They have been completely detached from reality for at
               | least a year, and arguably for several years.
               | 
               | S&P has doubled over the past 5 years. Does that mean the
               | economy has also gotten twice as healthy?
        
               | feoren wrote:
               | > Nobody is complaining about people placing their
               | paychecks in index funds though
               | 
               | There was an article on the front page of Hacker News in
               | the last couple days about how index funds were
               | supposedly ruining the economy.
        
             | sixstringtheory wrote:
             | > In the end money is just an abstraction to determine who
             | has to do back-breaking work all day, and who doesn't.
             | 
             | Maybe, but are you insinuating that no back breaking work
             | would need to be done if money weren't to exist?
             | 
             | Pretty sure the introduction of money reduces the total
             | amount of backbreaking work to be done. Instead of hauling
             | grain to trade for axe heads and carrying those back to
             | your farm, you carry coins, paper, or in modern times, tap
             | a few buttons on your smartphone.
        
               | angus-prune wrote:
               | The grain still needs to be hauled to somewhere else
               | though.
               | 
               | If the grain only ever exists on your farm, it has no
               | value to anyone else whether for coins or axe heads.
        
               | cambrianentropy wrote:
               | Barter economies have never existed. Myth starts with
               | Smith.
        
               | legulere wrote:
               | Very likely much less "work" would need to be done. There
               | are a lot of bullshit jobs that are not productive and
               | are just making people feel bad.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | The market would need to find ways to perform the back-
               | breaking work, either by wages increasing or the
               | development of automation. Supply and demand. The more
               | people who can accumulate wealth and capital, and
               | intelligently manage that wealth, the greater the
               | reduction in the labor supply (as they will fund their
               | expenses using investment returns versus engaging in
               | labor activities to do so).
               | 
               | Money is an abstraction, but the status quo as a whole
               | (monetary policy, capital markets, labor policy) is
               | designed to ensure a supply of labor. Capital begets
               | capital [1], so those who don't have will engage in
               | riskier behavior to get off the wage slave treadmill.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16592414 ("I
               | think capitalism is much simpler: capital begets capital.
               | Those who have capital will accumulate more capital,
               | almost infinitely, until the capital/income ratio reaches
               | an equilibrium who knows how high (in the absence of
               | major corrections like wars and hyper inflation). Add
               | inherited wealth and low taxes. Capitalism's winners are
               | those who already have capital. Thomas Pickety's book
               | "Capital in the 21st Century" cogently illustrates this
               | using massive tax return based data sets.")
        
               | golemiprague wrote:
               | No need to increase wage, there are enough people around
               | the world willing to do it for cheap, either in their own
               | place or comming in as immigrants, legal or illegal.
        
             | bennysomething wrote:
             | Money being lost or won is not that. It's a signal that the
             | public as a whole has benefited from the endeavour or not.
             | Loses are a really important signal to stop wasting scarce
             | resources .
        
           | lamontcg wrote:
           | The problem is that the economy is being driven by rent
           | seeking behavior and cantillion effects. This is great for
           | the elites, but at the same time they can see how the ground
           | is starting to crumble. As "the plebs" start to gamble
           | they're working to blame any future collapse on the
           | irresponsibility of the crowd. Shrinking responsibility for
           | the fact that this is the system that they have lobbied for
           | and created and the plebs are behaving rationally irrational.
        
             | anonporridge wrote:
             | "We taxed work generated income greater than investment
             | generated capital gains and now everyone is speculating!
             | Why oh why would the plebs do this to us?!"
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | Do you have any evidence at all for the economy being
             | driven by cantillon effects? That is pretty much fringe
             | economic voodoo.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | Professionals have more money and experience. They should be
           | winning really. Or at least know when to cut losses and move
           | to other side...
        
           | paulpauper wrote:
           | yeah ..had he ever head of house edge or the house cut/vig.
        
           | paulgb wrote:
           | > I really don't understand this sentiment
           | 
           | I agree, but I also don't see this sentiment coming from the
           | industry itself, with the exception of some people who go
           | along with that narrative to get some TV time. It really
           | seems to me more like the financial TV media are the ones who
           | feel threatened by the emergence of WSB etc. and portray it
           | as if it's the sentiment of the broader investing community.
           | But largely that community is just excited by any novelty as
           | it creates opportunities that boring times don't.
        
           | ska wrote:
           | > isn't a simple/safe investment entity to pull out a
           | reliable 10%.
           | 
           | Long run even the stock market only averages about 7%, and
           | that isn't simple or safe - but it beats other asset classes
           | on return. Asking for a risk-free 10% is pretty much a
           | fantasy.
           | 
           | One weird thing about the amount of volatility in recent
           | years is that people are simultaneously used to the idea that
           | their "cash savings" earn approximately nothing, but turn
           | their noses up at a 5%-7% return. Historically speaking this
           | irrational.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | jayd16 wrote:
             | Sorry, you're right. I was lazy in my rounding. That said,
             | the exact number isn't too relevant to my point.
        
           | noxer wrote:
           | The simple/safe/reliable 10% was a fluke that should never
           | exist. Profit and risk must be in balance. If it isn't it
           | should attracts more and more people until the balance is
           | reached. Making it hard for people to join to keep it
           | unbalanced is what happened and its slowly going away now.
        
           | slumdev wrote:
           | > I really don't understand this sentiment, as if a
           | professional gambler would not gladly gamble with novices...
           | 
           | It depends on the situation and the game. Some poker
           | professionals don't gamble significant sums with novices
           | because the novices are far less likely to behave in a manner
           | that is predictable according to statistics or some other
           | strategy.
        
           | aaroninsf wrote:
           | You're only "stuck" if what you need is to inflate your
           | wealth at the expense of someone losing theirs.
        
             | noxer wrote:
             | That's a fairy tail they teach in school.
             | 
             | You dont get money because someone else lost some. You get
             | money because you helped stabilizing the market by
             | predicting it right. The losers lose because they predicted
             | it wrong. Its a net gain for everyone who is somehow
             | affected by the market which means basically everyone on
             | this planet. There is no moral problem with winning or with
             | loosing as you help either way.
             | 
             | Also there is no need for anyone to lose, everyone could be
             | right all the time that would give a perfectly stable
             | market, but people are terrible at predicting the future so
             | that will never happens.
        
           | backtoyoujim wrote:
           | we all gamble that have excess money to do so.
           | 
           | there is a huger "we all" that don't.
        
           | stouset wrote:
           | Well of course there's no "safe" 10% investment. That's true
           | across the board! Higher returns correlate with higher risk
           | (otherwise a smart investor would pick the investment with
           | the same returns and less risk).
           | 
           | That aside, you know what's averaged returns of 10% that's
           | simple and hasn't risked your money going to zero (assuming
           | you have the good sense to buy and hold)?
           | 
           | The stock market. Bog-standard index funds, available to
           | anyone and everyone. VTSAX has returned just about 10% since
           | Jan 1, 2000. Ironically, it's about _double_ that for the
           | past ten years (since the recession caused it to be roughly
           | even over the first ten years of that span).
           | 
           | The average person doesn't need to gamble on options to get
           | ahead. They already _do_ have access to products with outsize
           | returns compatible with a level of risk tolerable for one's
           | retirement nest egg. What we need are jobs that allow the
           | average wage-earner to actually save a meaningful amount of
           | money in these instruments.
        
             | syntaxstic wrote:
             | 100% percent agree. Here in Toronto, it's very difficult
             | for the average person invest a meaningful amount of money.
        
           | ameister14 wrote:
           | >I really don't understand this sentiment, as if a
           | professional gambler would not gladly gamble with novices...
           | 
           | There are a few cases I can think of immediately where this
           | applies - gambling with novices in Blackjack, for example, is
           | not ideal. They'll screw up the flow of cards and can cause
           | your math to go haywire. The same happens with Hold-em or
           | Omaha Poker - you want people to have enough skill to play
           | the game _properly,_ but if you 're looking to fleece them
           | not enough skill to play the game _well._
        
             | mrfox321 wrote:
             | Your blackjack outcome is independent of other player's
             | decisions.
             | 
             | This is a statistical fallacy.
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | >Your blackjack outcome is independent of other player's
               | decisions.
               | 
               | >This is a statistical fallacy.
               | 
               | Yes, "Your blackjack outcome is independent of other
               | player's decision" IS a statistical fallacy. You're
               | correct.
               | 
               | It's pretty easy to prove this.
               | 
               | Is there a finite number of cards in play? Yes. Can other
               | people at the table get more cards than they begin with?
               | Yes.
               | 
               | So if someone can impact the number of cards left in the
               | deck, wouldn't they have the potential to change your
               | outcome?
        
             | Tenoke wrote:
             | I've bought counted cards at casinos and played poker semi-
             | professionally and this is just wrong.
             | 
             | In Blackjack the other players are not really relevant, the
             | count stays the same and on average you will be about
             | equally profitable with or without them. They might
             | increase the variance a little but they reduce the
             | attention the dealer pays on you and my team never minded
             | others on the table.
             | 
             | In Hold'em and Omaha you WANT weaker players, they are in
             | short supply, and you will expect to have an edge against
             | someone that barely knows the rules, too.
        
             | danenania wrote:
             | That's not the case in poker. If someone thinks a novice
             | player is messing them up somehow with poor play, it means
             | they're not a good player either. A good poker player wants
             | their opponents to play as poorly as possible.
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | I never liked having true novices, especially in
               | tournaments or when I was running multiple tables at once
               | - it was easier to make notes of play style and predict
               | when people knew how to play at a basic level.
               | 
               | Sure, I'm more likely to beat the person that is going
               | all in with a 2 5 off suit but bad beats are incredibly
               | annoying. Over time, in a sit and go situation I'd beat
               | that player, but online and in tournament play I found
               | that was a hazard. I'll take a consistent bad player over
               | a complete novice any day.
        
               | danenania wrote:
               | Sure, playing correctly against a maniac, novice, or
               | otherwise unpredictable player can be more difficult and
               | have higher variance, but it's also as lucrative as it
               | gets if you know what you're doing. All the strong
               | players I've known would be elated to play against people
               | like that.
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | >Sure, playing correctly against a maniac, novice, or
               | otherwise unpredictable player can be more difficult and
               | have higher variance, it's also as lucrative as it gets
               | if you know what you're doing. All the strong players
               | I've known would be elated to play against people like
               | that.
               | 
               | I don't know about you, but when I was grinding, I didn't
               | really want to increase variance. I wanted a stable
               | mental state with low focus on multiple tables to
               | maximize the rate of return over that period. I found
               | that alterations in that caused me to play more loosely,
               | which ended up leading to avoidable mistakes, magnified
               | because I'm playing multiple tables at once.
               | 
               | The same thing was true for a tournament. There's a far
               | more limited return from players like this, in part
               | because you meet them early. It's a fact of the online
               | game that people just go all in a lot especially in the
               | beginning, but it ends up being a gauntlet you just need
               | to get through. I wouldn't call them my ideal opponents;
               | it's not what I prefer, it just exists.
               | 
               | Maybe I'm not what you would consider a strong player but
               | I did win consistently enough to feed myself with it for
               | a couple of years, mostly online before it became
               | illegal. It wasn't really my experience that high risk
               | high reward play was the way to go. Most of the people I
               | played with worked to limit variance's effect on their
               | game, not increase it.
               | 
               | Again though, that's just me - not the strongest player
               | ever, you clearly have a different opinion about it. All
               | good.
        
               | danenania wrote:
               | My understanding after spending a lot of time digging
               | into and discussing this stuff was that playing better
               | and increasing your win rate has a _much_ greater effect
               | than style of play (whether yours or your opponents ').
               | So while your short term swings might be bigger, you'll
               | have a lower chance of a losing month (or a longer slump)
               | and make more overall by eking out every last drop of EV.
               | 
               | It doesn't mean you were a bad player, but it sounds like
               | you might have been avoiding some potentially +EV
               | situations due to lack of comfort with trickier
               | opponents/situations. That's fair enough if it worked for
               | you--it's not at all necessary to play every situation
               | perfectly to have a healthy win rate. Towards the end of
               | my poker career I was playing mostly heads-up, which
               | teaches you to be pretty fearless about exploiting any
               | and every edge, and to get comfortable with aggression.
               | But there was a point in my progression where I'd get
               | thrown off as well. And even after I felt like I was
               | pretty damn good, I knew players who were clearly head
               | and shoulders above me, so it's all relative.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | When someone is playing randomly (as some very newbie
               | players might), it's a little difficult to directly
               | exploit, but more of a patience game. It's only a matter
               | of time until you stack them.
               | 
               | When someone just consistently plays bad, that's the
               | ideal situation.
        
               | rud7udehev wrote:
               | This is the sort of statement that sounds good to idiots
               | and people who've never played poker. Anyone who's made
               | money at casino poker is aware of how much of a hassle
               | retards spasming at the card table can make things even
               | if they're going to lose in the end.
        
               | danenania wrote:
               | I played professionally for years. I wanted my opponents
               | to play as badly as possible.
        
               | pcthrowaway wrote:
               | It changes the strategy, and it might take you a while to
               | hit, but it _greatly_ improves your potential to win.
               | 
               | I once played 1/2 NL uncapped at a casino, a guy sat down
               | and put $1000 on the table. Every other hand he would
               | raise $25-50 preflop, and call re-raises. Got all in pre-
               | flop and pre-turn a bunch of times, every time he bust he
               | put another $1000 on the table. This is _exactly_ the
               | best player to play with. Yes, you have to sit and wait
               | for good cards before getting involved, but if you get
               | something good, you have very good odds of stacking them.
        
               | waprin wrote:
               | No, totally wrong, it's the exact opposite. Novices and
               | only novices think "you can't beat bad players cause
               | they're unpredictable!"
               | 
               | Even your more moderate point you'd rather not have them
               | in the game is totally wrong.
               | 
               | In reality, every professional player loves players who
               | do terrible, random things. Variance might go up, but
               | variance is going to be annoying either way. Other
               | players doing dumb things is where your EV comes from.
               | I've only ever heard complaints about crazy players being
               | a hassle from inexperienced amateurs who dabble. Pros
               | want "live ones" in their games.
        
               | smogcutter wrote:
               | Like in chess for example - a kind of player who has more
               | trouble with extreme novices than people their own level
               | is someone who knows how the game "should" be played, but
               | doesn't actually have the skill to go off-book themselves
               | or punish mistakes when an opponent deviates.
               | 
               | An actually strong player won't have that problem.
        
               | sunnyps wrote:
               | Except that chess is a perfect information game, but
               | poker is not. Which means it's possible to tell if your
               | opponent made a mistake in chess, but it might not be in
               | poker.
               | 
               | Disclaimer: chess novice, don't know anything about
               | poker.
        
               | pcthrowaway wrote:
               | Playing poker against very novice players makes it a more
               | volatile game. You might lose big and you might win big,
               | but that's actually _good_ for your EV; the beginner has
               | no concept of bet sizing and that 's where you shine. An
               | expert playing against many intermediate player may end
               | up winning on average 5 big blinds / hr over the course
               | of a month. They'll certainly have losing sessions as
               | well.
               | 
               | An expert playing against beginners might 'lose' 50% of
               | the hands they get involved in still, and make a ton more
               | money on the ones they win. It's the difference between
               | an average of 5 big blinds / hr, and 50 big blinds / hr.
               | 
               | I'm not an expert by the way, I just consider myself an
               | 'advanced beginner', who can count on making $2-4 / hr
               | playing 1/2 no limit at the casino (based on having
               | played maybe 200 hrs of poker in the casino). Not worth
               | it as a way to make money, and I stopped caring enough
               | about poker to invest the time to become better.
               | 
               | But you can see the entire dynamic at a table change when
               | a loose, novice player sits down. Players no longer play
               | against each other as much because they can count on the
               | loose player to raise the stakes, and they're much more
               | likely to capitalize on that.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | In chess, really no one has problems beating extreme
               | novice. You just take their pieces as they leave them
               | hanging and that is it.
        
           | CodeMage wrote:
           | _> I really don 't understand this sentiment, as if a
           | professional gambler would not gladly gamble with novices..._
           | 
           | "Professional" and "expert" aren't synonyms. "Amateur" and
           | "novice" aren't synonyms either.
           | 
           | An expert might be glad to go against a novice. But when
           | there are artificial barriers separating "professionals" from
           | "amateurs", barriers that have nothing to do with level of
           | expertise, that's a different story.
        
           | ouid wrote:
           | You haven't argued this, but there should never be an
           | opportunity for safe passive income that scales with your
           | wealth.
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | Who are you supposed to lend your money to? Companies are
           | saving more money, they ended up becoming net lenders. That's
           | why inflation is low. Ironically, low inflation also makes
           | the problem worse, because companies can save even more with
           | low inflation. The threat of being forced to invest the money
           | is gone. Ironically (yes I am repeating myself), low interest
           | rates also increase the savings rate of companies because it
           | is just a windfall profit for many of them. Consumers get
           | loans with bad conditions so they don't borrow and even if
           | they did, incomes are stagnating, so betting on a raise in
           | the future may seem foolish.
           | 
           | The answer is to increase the total investment rate via
           | infrastructure bills or to just inflate excess corporate
           | savings away with stimulus checks. Inflation will allow the
           | Fed to raise interest rates, which will cut into the
           | corporate savings rate and after that point everything will
           | return back to normal.
        
         | derefr wrote:
         | > when algorithms did it in milliseconds (when common people
         | can only operate with delays of hours and days, and with
         | deterrent fees) it was OK
         | 
         | What, you think that "low-frequency" brokers weren't upset
         | about the rise of HFT, and didn't try to push back/kill HFT in
         | the crib?
         | 
         | Of course they did; HFT was classic "disruption" for their
         | industry. You just didn't see that disruption happening,
         | because an inside-baseball conflict between two groups of very
         | rich businesspeople doesn't achieve anything by roping the
         | public into the discussion. The public's opinion wouldn't have
         | one shred of determination over which side won that conflict,
         | so why bother spending money on mass-media propaganda? Mass-
         | media propaganda won't do a thing to sway the rich
         | businesspeople on the other side of the table.
         | 
         | The moralistic Op-Eds are happening _now_ because one side of
         | the current conflict _is_ the public. And so the rich people on
         | the other side now have great interest in swaying public
         | opinion.
        
         | eloff wrote:
         | I think it's fair to snipe at speculating unreasonably when
         | anyone does it. Its not good for society.
         | 
         | But what's happening is somewhat different. It's really an
         | alpha strategy to trigger a short and or gamma squeeze. It's
         | not a simple ponzi scheme - it's not zero sum.
        
       | teh_infallible wrote:
       | " last year the U.S. government pulled 13 million people out of
       | poverty with a few million strokes of the autopens"
       | 
       | I am pretty sure the government forced more people into poverty
       | with the lockdowns. To treat the stimulus checks as some mind of
       | boon when people were forced to close productive businesses seems
       | intellectually dishonest at best.
        
       | zoshi wrote:
       | All trade is speculative. Prices are a result of speculation
       | between buyers and sellers.
        
       | ppod wrote:
       | "I used to be with it, but then they changed what it was. Now
       | what I'm with isn't it, and what's it seems weird and scary to
       | me, and it'll happen to you, too" -Abe Simpson
        
       | tim333 wrote:
       | >Welcome to the non-fungible, memeified, cryptodenominated,
       | degenerate future of finance.
       | 
       | I think a lot of that is the now of finance rather than the
       | future. We'll look back on meme stonks like we do on the
       | pets.coms and webvans.
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | Gambling is great, as long as I win.
        
       | wayoutthere wrote:
       | The "woe is me, how do I know how to invest?" drivel in this
       | article is solved by a sufficiently diversified portfolio. The
       | article even admits that these shenanigans have no impact on the
       | larger market -- so invest there.
       | 
       | If you want to take on more risk, great -- but with great risk
       | comes lots of market manipulation. The wider public is now
       | learning what every MBA is taught in investment theory classes:
       | investing is a racket where the house always wins. Either you
       | play long positions in a diversified portfolio or you enter the
       | water with the sharks. If you're not sitting on a billion
       | dollars, you're at an extreme disadvantage in the options market.
       | 
       | And the biggest risk in corporate America today is negative PR.
       | The sharks you're playing against have the connections to get
       | insider trading info, the sophistication to hide it, and the
       | influence to get away with it. Retail investors are at their
       | mercy. I guarantee Elon Musk is making money moves off his
       | tweets, he's just sophisticated enough to hide it in a trust. And
       | he's not the only one; hedge funds have been known to actively
       | seek out scandals to generate negative PR, then trade on that
       | info.
       | 
       | The vibe on Reddit right now is "the system is broken and they're
       | cheating like crazy". But that's no revelation, this kind of crap
       | has been completely normalized because the SEC can't stop it (the
       | people working there are largely the ones who couldn't hack it on
       | Wall Street). I fully expect that Wall Street will end up coming
       | out on top in the end because the retail investors don't quite
       | understand the role of market makers and the level of
       | coordination done with the investment side of things. Yeah, it's
       | flagrantly illegal, but if you get away with it (as they almost
       | always do because the SEC can't prove anything) you're going to
       | be rich.
        
         | freeone3000 wrote:
         | >the system is broken and they're cheating like crazy
         | 
         | You can still make money off that -- the stock market is
         | baccarat, not poker, and you can make money off betting on
         | whoever cheats best, or fastest, or whose manipulation you
         | think will win. The strategy is difficult but not impossible.
        
         | jfengel wrote:
         | I have begun to worry that broad indexes are themselves
         | becoming a problem. As that advice seeps out, a lot of people
         | are buying "the market". Which has long been good sensible
         | advice, because the market as a whole genuinely produces
         | wealth, but it's not inexhaustible.
         | 
         | The S&P 500 P/E ratio is up over 40, a number it has seen only
         | twice before and both immediately before crashes. P/E is an
         | imperfect measure, especially during a genuine crisis that
         | results in fewer goods being produced, but the idea that "it
         | will take 40 years to produce enough profits to return your
         | money" is a little scary. The pandemic is certainly
         | contributing, but it's been heading this direction since well
         | before the pandemic.
         | 
         | The broad market is still probably your best bet long term, and
         | even if now isn't a great time we all know that timing doesn't
         | really work. Stick it in a broad index and forget about it
         | remains the best advice. But that advice eventually undercuts
         | itself, if everybody invests in every company regardless of its
         | merits just because it's listed. The listing itself is becoming
         | a skew.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | _The S &P 500 P/E ratio is up over 40, a number it has seen
           | only twice before and both immediately before crashes._
           | 
           | Yes. The historical market P/E is around 15.
           | 
           | Overall market P/E [1], and median house price / median
           | income[2] are classic ratios to watch as indicators of how
           | close things are to a crash. Look at those graphs. When they
           | shoot way up, a crash follows shortly thereafter.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.macrotrends.net/2577/sp-500-pe-ratio-price-
           | to-ea...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.longtermtrends.net/home-price-median-annual-
           | inco...
        
           | kipchak wrote:
           | I think buying the right "the market" can help too. For
           | example I might think Singapore is attractive at a P/E of 12
           | and buy the EWS etf.
        
       | TRcontrarian wrote:
       | Is it better to live in a world where the future is unknown, and
       | the best we can do is guess where value will be, or one where the
       | future is known, and the prices of all investments are stable and
       | already priced at their exact values? In which world is optimism
       | and class mobility possible?
        
         | beiller wrote:
         | Excellent point. And to drive a steak further into this idea -
         | ironically gambling is the one where all the prices / chance /
         | rewards are absolutely known up front and calculable. I guess
         | that's what sets wall st. apart from gambling in a casino.
        
         | sixstringtheory wrote:
         | Excellent question that reminds me of two anecdotes:
         | 
         | 1) In my CS ethics course, we had a writing prompt asking
         | whether, assuming perfect capability, it would be better to
         | replace sports referees with computers
         | 
         | 2) I wrote a cheat program for a word game my dad liked
         | playing. Super proud of my accomplishment, I showed it to him,
         | and he was impressed for a minute before stating the game
         | wasn't fun that way (also have an earlier version of this
         | memory involving a Sega Genesis Game Genie)
        
         | [deleted]
        
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