[HN Gopher] Ask HN: What under-the-radar technology are you exci...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Ask HN: What under-the-radar technology are you excited about?
        
       Something that the world hasn't yet noticed but you think will be
       huge.
        
       Author : ilmoi
       Score  : 187 points
       Date   : 2021-04-12 15:55 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
       | 23d wrote:
       | Diamond Batteries! https://ndb.technology/
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b6ME88nMnYE
        
       | shostack wrote:
       | Developments in the AR/VR space. The haptics stuff coming out is
       | really cool and may be consumer friendly in the near future.
       | Meanwhile headset tech is seeing major investment and light field
       | technology is going to do amazing things for this space.
        
         | crocsarecool wrote:
         | I have a Valve Index. It is the most mind blowing thing to me.
         | I'm really excited for AR to get going. I've only seen it for
         | shopping (see what item x would look like in your house). I
         | think it might be cool for collaboration.
        
         | Robotbeat wrote:
         | The Oculus Quest 2 is _so cheap_ for a very high quality and
         | high resolution experience. And even more importantly, it's
         | extremely simple to setup.
         | 
         | Wireless VR really is a necessity for it to become more than
         | just a tiny niche.
         | 
         | Not yet mainstream, but it's actually a joy to use and I think
         | we'll have significant marginal improvements over time which
         | will keep making it more and more worthwhile.
         | 
         | I think the real thing will be commercial applications of VR,
         | where companies use it because it's the best way to get certain
         | kinds of work done. And NOT desk work, either. We're maybe a
         | decade or two from that being mainstream, but it's going to be
         | a significant improvement.
        
       | fasteddie31003 wrote:
       | Heat pumps and better insulation. It's magic how heat pumps pull
       | heat out of thin air. I honestly think part of the reason they
       | are not adopted as much is people can't understand them and don't
       | trust them because of their ignorance. Insulation seems pretty
       | boring until you start to realize how much energy can be saved by
       | modern insulation.
        
         | 35mm wrote:
         | For new homes absolutely. In the UK gas boilers are the norm
         | and every new home should have a heat pump instead.
         | 
         | But retrofitting requires a lot of work - replacing radiators
         | with much larger ones, maybe ripping out pipes, and for ground
         | source digging up the garden / street.
        
           | jayflux wrote:
           | > For new homes absolutely. In the UK gas boilers are the
           | norm and every new home should have a heat pump instead.
           | 
           | This is already happening. Redrow for example are focusing on
           | new heating technology for new homes in preparation for the
           | boiler ban
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | Energy efficiency technology has been an unsung hero for
         | decades now. It's probably done more to mitigate carbon
         | emissions than any other effort to date.
        
         | jayflux wrote:
         | In the UK there will be a gas boiler ban on new builds in 2025.
         | That's when we will start to see a market for these.
         | 
         | > I honestly think part of the reason they are not adopted as
         | much is people can't understand them and don't trust them
         | because of their ignorance.
         | 
         | I think there's genuine reason right now.
         | 
         | For existing houses it only makes sense if you have really good
         | insulation which rules a lot of people out. That's why they're
         | only being focused on new builds, so they can guarantee the
         | insolation is adequate.
         | 
         | They're expensive (for existing housing) and the returns aren't
         | quite there yet. Parts and expertise are also quite limited
         | compared to boilers (the market isn't really there yet).
         | 
         | It also depends what climate you live in for how useful they
         | will be
        
         | divbzero wrote:
         | Along the same line of thinking, tankless water heating [1]
         | seems like a no-brainer. It surprises me that places like the
         | US have not used it as the default from the start.
         | 
         | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tankless_water_heating
        
           | frosted-flakes wrote:
           | Why not heat pump water heaters? Those are even more energy-
           | efficient.
        
         | signalandnoise wrote:
         | there have got to be better ways to optimize the design of
         | boilers, surely this is a RF learning problem against heat
         | equations.
        
         | worik wrote:
         | They are good.
         | 
         | But not in very cold environments. I have one and when there is
         | more than two degrees of frost it struggles.
         | 
         | So for a lot of continental areas they are almost useless since
         | they do not function when you really need them.
         | 
         | For temperate climates and coastal regions they are wonderful.
        
           | Robotbeat wrote:
           | I think you've stumbled on the REAL reason there's hesitation
           | with heat pumps.
           | 
           | There's a massive difference in capability and efficiency and
           | usability of heat pumps. The crappy ones don't even work
           | below freezing. The good ones can operate even down to -20F
           | efficiently, even air source. And ground source ones don't
           | have a hard limit at all (although they face a similar wide
           | difference in capability).
           | 
           | Low effort cheap heat pumps are gonna do more harm than good
           | in that they'll convince people that heat pumps suck.
           | 
           | It's like the difference between a Tesla and a lead acid golf
           | cart. Both are "electric" "cars", but there's vastly
           | different capability.
        
             | luxuryballs wrote:
             | Yeah my parents are an hour south of the Canadian border in
             | New England and they still heat the house with a wood stove
             | during winter for that very reason. But tell ya what that
             | wood stove sure is amazing, keeps it very warm and it's not
             | a small house.
        
           | KaiserPro wrote:
           | I have one for my 20m2 shed, it works down to -5c at least.
           | 
           | Granted my shed has quite good insulation, but still.
           | 
           | Worst comes to the worse you could use a ground source heat
           | pump.
        
         | martythemaniak wrote:
         | Me too. I've been obsessing over geothermal systems for a while
         | and I think there's a lot of opportunity there. I wrote this
         | essay to clear up my thinking:
         | https://www.greennewdealio.com/heating/robot-mole/
        
         | alpaca128 wrote:
         | Almost all new houses are built with heat pumps where I live
         | because it's kind of a no-brainer in those situations. And I
         | see one old house after the other being wrapped in new thick
         | isolation.
         | 
         | But heat pumps in old homes just aren't a thing because it's
         | expensive and a lot of work to adapt the house's existing
         | heating. People do understand it, they just don't want to
         | bother with that.
        
           | frosted-flakes wrote:
           | What is "isolation"? Is that a typo of "insulation"?
        
             | alpaca128 wrote:
             | Force of habit. In my native language we use the same word
             | for isolation and insulation.
        
               | Kim_Bruning wrote:
               | I was trying to narrow it down, but it turns out a lot of
               | languages do that.
        
         | screaminghawk wrote:
         | It's cost for me. Electricity isn't cheap where I live and when
         | your house is poorly insulated you require even more energy for
         | a heat pump.
        
         | slig wrote:
         | Related Technology Connections video:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7J52mDjZzto
        
       | drojas wrote:
       | Temporal Stores/Databases like Datomic (https://www.datomic.com/)
       | and Crux (https://opencrux.com/). I can't stress enough how much
       | pain they can lift from organizations building teams to "scale"
       | in domains that by nature are tied to requirements about past
       | knowledge like finance, healthcare, governance, audit systems,
       | etc.
        
       | DougN7 wrote:
       | Better cryptocurrency Chia
        
       | abetusk wrote:
       | * FPGAs, and their associated FOSS stack to use them.
       | 
       | I haven't been able to really get into FPGAs but I'm optimistic
       | about them. They're pretty clunky right now but I'm hoping
       | they'll just get easier and more accessible.
       | 
       | If we want computation that we're able to verify as being secure,
       | FPGAs are the closest I see us getting to it. There's also
       | applications in terms of parallel computation that they can do
       | over more traditional approaches.
       | 
       | This might go by the way of Transmeta or always remain niche but
       | it seems like they have a lot of potential.
       | 
       | * Open Source Hardware, specifically relating to robotics
       | 
       | Electronics production is becoming cheaper and easier. Open
       | source hardware has the potential to become as ubiquitous as open
       | source software.
       | 
       | Electronics hardware is still way harder than it needs to be, so
       | the progress is slow, but if we get within range of having an
       | iteration cycle in electronics that's as fast as software
       | development, we'll see spectacular innovation. Robotics
       | especially, as that's a kind of straight forward physical
       | manifestation of electronics that has a potentially large market.
       | 
       | There's a $5k fiber laser that can ablate copper. This could
       | potentially fuel the next round of cottage industry board fab
       | houses (in the US and other non-Chinese countries) and enable
       | rapid turn around time. I wish I could justify the $5k to play
       | around with it but it's just outside of my price range.
       | 
       | * Solar
       | 
       | I'm not really sure if this is 'under-the-radar' but for the
       | first time, solar has become cheaper than coal. This means
       | besides giving a moral incentive for people to use solar, there's
       | now an economic one, which means the transition will most likely
       | be broad.
       | 
       | Coupled with battery technology advances, this could have drastic
       | impacts on the ubiquity and cost of power. I wonder if we'll see
       | a kind of "energy internet" where people will create their own
       | distributed electrified infrastructure.
        
         | kscottz wrote:
         | OSHWA board member [1] here and developer advocate at Open
         | Robotics (the people who maintain ROS) here.
         | 
         | May I suggest you take a look at microROS[3]?
         | 
         | I am also super excited about OSHWA certified open hardware
         | [4].
         | 
         | [1] https://certification.oshwa.org/ [2]
         | https://www.openrobotics.org/ [3] https://micro.ros.org/ [4]
         | https://certification.oshwa.org/
        
           | abetusk wrote:
           | I follow you on Twitter! I'm sure you don't remember me at
           | all but I spoke to you briefly at one of the Maker Fairs
           | nearly a decade ago and I've seen you at a few of the Open
           | Hardware Summits. Not that you need to hear it from me but
           | keep up the good work.
           | 
           | I'm also excited about the OSHWA certification. I've found a
           | bunch of great projects through it.
           | 
           | I've been passively watching ROS but it's always seemed a bit
           | heavy weight for a lot of the things I'd want to do or for
           | what's available cheaply right now. I'm sure this will get
           | easier as full Linux systems will become cheaper and more
           | ubiquitous for embedded applications.
           | 
           | I haven't seen microROS, though, so thanks for the link, I'll
           | check it out.
        
       | pmdulaney wrote:
       | Electric cars and planes are going to be huge, of course.
       | Increasingly batteries will be replaced by fuel cells, and the
       | hydrogen that powers them will be produced by means of hydrolysis
       | produced by sunlight.
       | 
       | https://phys.org/news/2021-04-hydrogen-fuel-machine-ultimate...
       | 
       | https://newatlas.com/energy/osu-turro-solar-spectrum-hydroge...
       | 
       | https://uh.edu/news-events/stories/2017/April/05152017Ren-Wa...
        
         | Graffur wrote:
         | Is this under the radar?
        
           | Robotbeat wrote:
           | For electric planes, it is. Up until a year or two ago, I
           | still had fairly intelligent people still saying electric
           | flight is "essentially impossible."
        
             | semi-extrinsic wrote:
             | AFAICT intelligent people are still saying that apart from
             | short-hop 10 seater planes, electric flight is impossible.
        
               | Robotbeat wrote:
               | Yeah, that's what they say if you press them on it today.
               | They'll keep moving the goalposts as soon as it becomes
               | too obviously wrong, and then never admit to having been
               | wrong in the first place. ;)
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | krylon299 wrote:
       | for me, its https://qloppi.com
        
         | atom-morgan wrote:
         | What am I looking at?
        
           | em-bee wrote:
           | seems to be a parody of those newfangled non-fungible-token
           | markets.
        
       | pkrotich wrote:
       | Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) - I think future
       | societies will benefit a lot from such organization.
        
       | wyxuan wrote:
       | BCI - Brain Computer Interface. Sure it has received a lot of
       | attention thanks to the work of Elon and neurallink, I still
       | think that it hasn't received enough interest especially for how
       | it'll affect all different parts of ours lives.
        
       | JimmyRuska wrote:
       | RDFox, a semantic/graph database with incremental reasoning.
        
       | aqme28 wrote:
       | Fusion power.
       | 
       | I think traditional tokamaks are 5-10 years from positive power
       | due to better superconductor tech. There is finally private
       | investment in the space and it has been growing at an absolutely
       | crazy pace.
       | 
       | I think in about 5 years there is going to be a fusion power gold
       | rush.
        
       | thrwn_frthr_awy wrote:
       | 3D Printing.
       | 
       | I believe 3D printing will change the world in less than twenty
       | years. We currently in the hobby-est stage-think home computers
       | in the later 70's early eighties. It took a company to see the
       | potential and package it up for anyone to use. I think there will
       | be a breakthrough home 3D printer that will start whole new
       | industries. You will be able to buy physical products direct from
       | anyone. Anyone can design and sell a vase or a bowl or a
       | boomerang because manufacturing and distribution are no longer
       | barriers to market. Think of when music and video moved from
       | mostly only possible with studios to being able to record at a
       | studio to home recording. Anyways... I'm super excited.
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | Can I say "I agree" but also add that there may be more to the
         | story than 3D printing? That is, I'd call out "personal
         | fabrication" in an even more general sense, to include both 3D
         | printing and things like inexpensive, personal CNC milling
         | machines and other "personal scale" fabricating devices. Even
         | going as far as more highly specialized devices, like at-home
         | reflow ovens for SMD soldering, and laser cutters. Heck, even
         | items as exotic as plasma cutters are getting cheap enough that
         | almost anybody can own one. See, for example,
         | https://www.amazon.com/Reboot-Portable-Digital-Frequency-Inv...
         | 
         | Edit: I should also add something about the 3rd party
         | fabrication / assembly services that are bringing a lot of
         | capabilities to bear, for the average person, who would not
         | have been able to afford them a few years ago. Look at OSH
         | Park, OSH Cut, JLCPCB and the like. Need PCB's? Done. Need
         | later cut metal parts? Done. There are similar services for
         | injection molding, etc., etc., etc.
         | 
         | I'm pretty excited about this space. I just bought my first
         | desktop mill (so new I haven't even unboxed it yet) and my
         | first 3D printer. And picked up a cheap Black and Decker
         | convection oven to convert into a reflow oven about the same
         | time. Definitely excited to start exploring the intersection of
         | all of these tools for "building things" without needing a full
         | fledged machine shop, wood shop, yadda, yadda, yadda.
        
       | pmurt7 wrote:
       | IPFS
        
       | Jamieee wrote:
       | https://ipfs.io/ seems pretty cool. I've been meaning to check it
       | out, but not seen any uptake yet.
        
         | mariksolo wrote:
         | Libgen added a feature to download files with ipfs. It is
         | ridiculously faster than a normal download.
        
         | godelski wrote:
         | I keep seeing this pop up, but honestly I still don't get it.
         | I'm also weirded out by the filecoin aspect of it. Could you
         | maybe explain it better for the dumb folks like me?
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | Think of it as a distributed filesystem with content
           | addressable by hash values. If you want to publish some
           | content instead of posting a torrent file and seeding it, you
           | can announce the content on IPFS to your IPFS peers. Anyone
           | else can now find it by hash (or by name if you use IPNS). If
           | anyone else downloads it, like with a torrent, they'll begin
           | sharing it back out creating redundancy and, potentially,
           | reducing access time for others as more people are sharing it
           | out (imagine you're on a 10Mbps network connection and the
           | only one sharing it versus having 100 others sharing it out,
           | even if they're also all on 10Mbps connections it will be
           | faster). Content can be "pinned" which ensures it remains on
           | your IPFS node, if it's unpinned anything you download will
           | eventually disappear (basically an LRU cache). So if you
           | download the entire run of Dungeon Magazine but _don 't_ pin
           | it, it will disappear if you continue downloading content via
           | IPFS when the cache you've set aside for IPFS fills up
           | (eventually). But if you pin it, the content will remain
           | hosted by your node indefinitely, even if no one ever
           | accesses it or pins it again and the original disappears.
           | 
           | Filecoin is a separate thing (mostly), and can (kind of) be
           | thought of as pinning-as-a-service. It's built on a private
           | IPFS network, not the main public one most people use or are
           | directed to. So it's _using_ IPFS, but it is _not_ IPFS.
        
         | squishy47 wrote:
         | Played around with it a few weeks ago. It was super easy to get
         | going with it. I just dunno what benefits it gives over
         | traditional storage? besides the classic crypto, "censorship
         | resistant". (Also hello HN, this is the first time I've posted
         | anything :p )
        
         | beauzero wrote:
         | Same here. IPFS seems to have been lumped into the whole
         | "crypto" scene because of filecoin. In my opinion, IPFS is much
         | more interesting and potentially beneficial to individual
         | freedom than crypto. The problem is the only people really
         | talking about it are people focused on crypto, also forcing
         | dapp conversations to focus on quick money vs. long term
         | usability/functionality. I don't hold the money conversations
         | against anyone...just not interested in that side of it. More
         | interested in the preservation of knowledge long term and
         | how/if that gets built. IPFS seems to be an interesting
         | potential step towards those goals.
        
           | rPlayer6554 wrote:
           | I find it really cool that Brave implemented IPFS.
        
           | imglorp wrote:
           | There's still a bunch of questions around filecoin, but if
           | you set aside the token and speculative nature, the it's the
           | first realistic proof of storage system and represents (1) a
           | departure from proof of work that's sucking up the power
           | output of several countries for no good reason, (2) a useful
           | base for IPFS to store its bits persistently and (3) perhaps
           | funding Protocol Labs so they can continue to advance this
           | state of art.
        
         | raitucarp wrote:
         | I agree with you. And we also need technology like dApps that
         | don't cost when running it by opcodes -with its vm, but use
         | hourly pricing like cloud based hosting, so it will run your
         | software deliberately without throw decentralized capabilities
         | and it will enable decentralized economy to the mass.
        
       | 3arn0wl wrote:
       | I'm really excited, to the point of distraction by the RISC-V
       | ISA.
       | 
       | Some people say that there's nothing new in it, but to my mind,
       | they're missing the point : the Berkeley Four took what couldn't
       | be appropriated for profit, and built a statement about what
       | computing is... They revealed the Wizard of Oz to everyone, so
       | that anyone with some computing background can build a processor,
       | freely.
       | 
       | And now this freed wizard is working his magic, and will change
       | the computing landscape irrevocably.
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | You do realize that RISC-V processors aren't free right? Making
         | an open source ISA is no small feat, but all they really did
         | was help save some megacorporations a little extra money.
         | 
         | Perhaps it will lead to a processor startup, but follow that to
         | its logical conclusion: it takes a huge, profitable company to
         | sustain processor delivery for years. There's a very good
         | reason why only a handful of companies make the top 6 CPU
         | architectures. There's still Synopsys ARC, Renesas, Atmel, PIC
         | just to name a few of RISC-V competitors.
         | 
         | In reality, the Berkeley Four just made a handful of semi
         | companies richer. WDC, NXP, NVIDIA, Microchip, etc. don't have
         | to pay Arm for IP if they use RISC-V. Did that really help
         | anything? Meh.
        
           | 3arn0wl wrote:
           | Sure, RISC-V designs can be open or not... And of course
           | there's always the cost of fabbing.
           | 
           | There're already designs freely available to use though,
           | either as they are, or to build upon.
           | 
           | And there are also now many other companies designing using
           | the ISA; decentralising the production of chips.
           | 
           | But - over and above the revolutionary economics of it - it's
           | being recognised as a good ISA, and RISC-V cores are already
           | being incorporated into consumer electronics.
        
           | 3arn0wl wrote:
           | Actually... What they did, ten years ago, was build a much
           | better Computer Engineering course!
        
           | CyberRabbi wrote:
           | You could argue that the availability of Linux saved
           | countless megacorporations from having to pay Microsoft, IBM,
           | or Sun. Yet the availability of Linux has been a boon to
           | people across the board.
           | 
           | While I agree there is something not right about cutting into
           | ARM's profits for the benefit of megacorporations, I think
           | that a royalty-free ISA might genuinely be good for
           | civilization despite that in the same way Linux is. It's
           | tough though, I'm still not fully sold on that opinion.
        
             | SavantIdiot wrote:
             | I hear what you are saying, and that is a good point, and I
             | do agree with the: "Why isn't there an open ISA?"
             | 
             | I think the key difference with an OS like Linux and an ISA
             | like RISC-V is that Linux helped literally millions of
             | smart, curious kids get exposed to Unix and tinkering in a
             | OS that wasn't a locked down behemoth: Windows. It changed
             | lives. I don't think it is an exaggeration to overstate the
             | democrization Linux had.
             | 
             | However, I don't see RISC-V touching the world in an
             | analogous way. No kid is gonna tinker with an ISA and fab a
             | CPU. Maybe they will stick it on an FPGA? But it seems less
             | accessible.
             | 
             | Plus RISC-V's biggest propopent, Patterson, isn't really
             | giving the world anything like Linus Torvald did. Linus
             | busted his butt (and still does!) whereas Patterson flies
             | around getting big speaker fees to pump up RISC-V while
             | delegating. Just seems a bit... off? Or its just me.
        
               | theon144 wrote:
               | I think you're underestimating the amount of curious kids
               | who are more on the electrical engineering side of
               | things. Who, sure, probably won't get to play with a CPU
               | fab line, but then again that's somewhat like sending
               | kernel contributions is to "tinkering with Linux".
               | 
               | It really is a just question of _any level of_ hobbyist-
               | accessibility (think photo-etching 2 PCBs of less
               | sophistication vs. making a run of 100 perfect 3-layered
               | PCBs in a factory) - and I 've seen quite a lot of
               | projects popping up around FPGAs lately that seem to
               | indicate they're starting to approach the Arduino-ish
               | level of approachability (though it's still obviously
               | very far).
               | 
               | RISC-V just might be one of the things on the way to a
               | whole "sillicon-tinkering" scene, so I'm pretty hopeful.
        
               | CyberRabbi wrote:
               | You raise good points. Linus is a one in a million
               | person... At the same time I do think kids, hobbiests,
               | small startups, and people who can't afford expensive
               | computers will make use of RISCV on commoditized
               | programmable logic chips like FPGAs. Look at projects
               | like MiSTer, simply not something that was available for
               | hobbiests and free culture advocates 20 years ago. I can
               | see a similar development happening in the computer
               | space. Actually I'm surprised homebrew computers
               | architected around an FPGA haven't yet become more
               | popular. Maybe as the popularity of RISCV grows we'll see
               | more of that. Would be great to see a project that
               | implements a risc-v based computer on a de10-nano board
               | as a starting point.
        
               | SavantIdiot wrote:
               | I spent most of my career is a microarchitect at Intel in
               | the late 80's till mid-90's on 486 & Pentium and then
               | again in the late 2000's on Xeon. So the idea of
               | tinkering with an ISA is something that gives me the
               | cold-sweats today! It's a wee bit more complicated than
               | hacking the RTL/VHDL, but I am not saying curious kids
               | should not have the chance to have a go at it! RISC-V is
               | more akin to if I handed a kid a Boeing 747 and said,
               | hey, go nuts! :)
               | 
               | However, I taught programming in an afterschool program
               | in the mid-80's and the Apple //e had an amazing
               | graphical program that stepped through an assembly
               | program, showing the data moving through the busses from
               | register to memory, etc. And it was instrumental to kids
               | learning. There's a few more wires in a 32-bit RISC
               | compared to an 8-bit 6502, but someone will benefit!
        
               | CyberRabbi wrote:
               | Interesting perspective. It's true the jump from 8-bit to
               | 32-bit architectures involved a lot more than just
               | increasing the data bus width, it came with advances in
               | processor architecture so I understand where you are
               | coming from. That said, I think the hobbiest community
               | will find a happy medium in terms of complexity /
               | hackability. Establishing a base platform seems to me the
               | most important first step.
        
               | nahuel0x wrote:
               | Somebody knows the name of this Apple //e program?
        
               | cunidev wrote:
               | To be fair, interest around ISAs has never been so high.
               | Now RISC-V workshops ("build your own core") are kind of
               | everywhere, from Udemy to most universities, some of
               | which are even targeted at teenagers.
               | 
               | The resulting RISC-V cores are mostly emulated, but are
               | expanding knowledge of FPGAs immensely as a side effect.
        
         | GrumpyYoungMan wrote:
         | > " _...so that anyone with some computing background can build
         | a processor, freely._ "
         | 
         | They could already do that. I designed and laid out in silicon
         | a 32 bit processor as part of my undergraduate studies in
         | computer engineering.
        
           | offtop5 wrote:
           | Can I run Linux on it ? I almost feel like being able to
           | completely rebuilt computer technology from raw materials
           | should be encased in a book somewhere. Hypothetically if we
           | dropped you and 100 other engineers in the woods with metal
           | working equipment could you get something resembling a
           | computer working in 5 years ? Or in this post-apocalyptic
           | landscape would it be more practical to dig in landfills for
           | old GameCubes to retrofit
        
             | analognoise wrote:
             | Yes. OpenSPARC has been free/available since 2005. There
             | are a multitude of others of similar vintage that can also
             | boot Linux.
             | 
             | It's a solution looking for a problem that doesn't exist.
        
             | 3arn0wl wrote:
             | On RISC-V? Yes... Well sort of. There are people working on
             | ports of Fedora, Debian and OpenSuse (I think) and I've
             | seen some version of BSD working on SiFive's boards. Debian
             | is said to be 95% complete. Ubuntu have also announced that
             | they're working on a port, and SkiffOS is said to be ready
             | to run on RISC-V too. There was also a demo of AOSP working
             | on 3 XuanTie 910 cores a few weeks ago.
             | 
             | Of course, then you need apps to be ported over, and that
             | might take longer.
        
       | pmarreck wrote:
       | Elixir.
       | 
       | Yes, most of you have heard of it, but I think it is still very
       | underrated.
       | 
       | Especially interesting is the ML libraries that have come out
       | recently and OTP24 whose new JIT compiler gives a ~2x speed
       | improvement to Elixir code, depending on the task.
        
       | anthonyskipper wrote:
       | IPFS and WASM - Combined they let you build apps that don't need
       | a cloud provider, and can effectively be immortal.
        
         | TranquilMarmot wrote:
         | Huh, I've looked at IPFS and WASM a lot but never really
         | considered them together as a way to distribute apps in a
         | decentralized way. That is a really exciting possibility. I
         | wonder if IPFS will ever gain enough momentum to make it usable
         | by enough "normal" people (not just devs who have it installed)
        
           | astlouis44 wrote:
           | This x 1000...the metaverse will be built on WASM, WebGPU,
           | WebXR, and IPFS. Also an ingenius way to disrupt Apple's
           | walled garden and empower developers and consumers to a new
           | era of seamless, universal application distribution and
           | discovery on the web. My team is working on this btw :D
        
       | jnsaff2 wrote:
       | Passivhaus. Rust (performance == energy efficiency). EV
       | conversions (hybrid drivetrain to replace an ICE).
       | Electromobility in a wider sense. Heat pumps (not so much under
       | the radar anymore tho).
        
       | ahstilde wrote:
       | Allergy immunotherapy. I started a company on the backs of this
       | treatment.
       | 
       | The way we treat allergies today, with Zyrtec and Claritin, is
       | medieval medicine. It doesn't solve the underlying problem; it
       | just tries to cover it up.
       | 
       | Allergy immunotherapy is the future. Most people don't realize
       | that allergies are now a curable disease. In the future, taking
       | Claritin for allergies is going to seem like taking Tylenol for
       | an ear infection. Why would you treat the symptoms when you could
       | just cure the disease?
       | 
       | I started Wyndly (https://www.wyndly.com) to bring immunotherapy
       | for pollen, pets, and dust across the USA. But we'll expand into
       | food allergies soon, too.
        
         | forthwall wrote:
         | That's really cool that this is a thing, I remember that my
         | friend tried to this to himself by eating fish he was allergic
         | to and then epi-penning himself until his body started to
         | ignore it. (took years!) Glad this appears to be a way safer
         | method
        
         | jalada wrote:
         | Here in the UK it's incredible how little immunotherapy is
         | prescribed despite the fact that it's been available for ages
         | and known to work. Anecdotally I have heard one problem is that
         | allergy medicine is just not something that GPs are kept well
         | informed about. My GP told me that it was 'unwise to mess with
         | the immune system like this'. Uhh...vaccines?
         | 
         | (source: I have had immunotherapy)
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | many years ago, I had allergy problems and normal allergy shots
         | (increasing dose injections of small quantities of allergens)
         | would not work. They gave me the scratch test and I was
         | allergic to many things, then later I got the prick test and I
         | was allergic to the rest.
         | 
         | What my doctor told me was -- you're going to get increasing
         | doses a few times a week, it will take a lot of time be hard,
         | and at some point you'll bump into an adverse reaction while
         | you're in the waiting room after the shot.
         | 
         | The medical system was kind of broken wrt to my plight.
         | 
         | After consulting a number of folks, I finally found EPD and
         | went to treatment.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_potentiated_desensitiza...
         | 
         | It was really helping, then they stopped offering it in my
         | area. I was pretty bummed they did away with it, because it
         | helped me without side effects. My symptoms decreased in
         | severity and eventually I felt fine. Apparently it was from the
         | UK and worked well there.
        
         | yomansat wrote:
         | I understand that each person is different, but how long does
         | the therapy go for until someone becomes "immune"? I see other
         | comments mentioning 20-30 years, which sounds a lot more
         | expensive than having to take the medieval equivalent for just
         | as long.
         | 
         | I hope I'm wrong!
        
           | bb123 wrote:
           | Hey if someone said by the time I'm 40 I wouldn't have to
           | live in fear of peanuts anymore, I'd pay whatever they asked.
        
         | astuyvenberg wrote:
         | Immunotherapy of all kinds is poised to become the
         | revolutionary medicine of our generation. I'm excited to see
         | what Wyndly does in the future!
        
         | pmarreck wrote:
         | Speaking as a very rational multiple-allergy sufferer (before
         | 30? None. Then, like a dozen things!!) who has gotten allergy
         | shots for years now...
         | 
         | Have any data to back up this substitute?
         | 
         | Also, Zyrtec and Claritin did nothing for me, I'm an Allegra
         | guy
        
         | hwatkins wrote:
         | This look interesting, it took some digging to get to what the
         | actual treatment is, so it gets your body use to the allergen
         | to build up tolerance. What happens when you have multiple
         | pollen allergies, how does it track all of them. Also seems
         | like many pollens will be region specific, different trees,
         | etc.
        
         | cpitman wrote:
         | Surprised to hear this is uncommon, I received allergy shots
         | >20 years ago and it was the only allergy treatment (after many
         | attempted medications) that had a sizable impact.
         | 
         | Besides the delivery vehicle, what are the differences between
         | allergy shots and these droplets?
        
         | DoingSomeThings wrote:
         | I've received allergy shots in the past. Seems to be a
         | relatively common treatment in the south. It's just
         | inconvenient due to office visits.
         | 
         | Looks like the innovation here is the move the serum from
         | intradermal to a liquid, oral treatment?
        
           | nbardy wrote:
           | That's a big leap for me. I spent 1 hour twice a week
           | commuting to get allergy shots.
        
         | king_magic wrote:
         | I've had allergy immunotherapy shots going on 30 years now. I'd
         | say there has been an improvement, but... is the technology
         | going to get significantly better anytime soon? I'm skeptical -
         | but happy to be convinced otherwise.
        
       | timdaub wrote:
       | - Native File System support coming to the browser:
       | https://web.dev/file-system-access/
       | 
       | - jamstack.wtf
       | 
       | - federation-based networks
       | 
       | - CRDTs: https://josephg.com/blog/crdts-are-the-future/
       | 
       | - data-oriented programming paradigm (https://rugpullindex.com/
       | shameless plug)
       | 
       | - web components: https://docs.ficusjs.org/index.html
        
         | timdaub wrote:
         | > federation-based networks
         | 
         | e.g. lemmy.ml
        
       | MAXPOOL wrote:
       | Advances in computational chemistry and computational materials
       | science. Specially using ML to speed up computation.
       | Computational chemistry is already patchwork of different
       | heuristic approaches. Graph neural networks and even some
       | language models seem very promising addition.
       | 
       | If we could simulate and observe what happens with complex
       | chemistry accurately, it would completely change the biology,
       | medicine and materials science.
        
         | jeffreyrogers wrote:
         | I have a relative who is a PhD chemist who I talked to about
         | some of this stuff. He is generally skeptical of it because
         | "the interesting chemicals are the ones that have extreme
         | properties and predicting extreme properties is hard". It's a
         | lot easier to model normal behavior than unusual behavior. He
         | wasn't totally against the idea, he just thought it would be
         | much harder than many people assume.
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | > If we could simulate and observe what happens with complex
         | chemistry accurately, it would completely change the biology,
         | medicine and materials science.
         | 
         | That's probably far less true than you imagine. See Derek
         | Lowe's take on it:
         | https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2021/03/19/ai...
         | 
         | The rate-limiting steps in drug discovery is in figuring out a)
         | what you need to muck up to improve health or b) how to muck it
         | up without mucking up other things badly enough to kill you.
         | Computational chemistry has generally focused more on solving
         | problems c) how to muck up this target more effectively or d)
         | how to make the mucker-upper in the first place, which, while
         | not useless, is not going to be a revolutionary change by any
         | stretch of the imagination.
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | Yes! This would be fantastic, I'd love to see this happen.
         | 
         | If anyone is working on this, and is looking to hire a
         | computational organic chemist-turned-ai engineer, let me know!
        
           | MAXPOOL wrote:
           | https://www.schrodinger.com/careers
           | 
           | There are many others.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | >If we could simulate and observe what happens with complex
         | chemistry accurately
         | 
         | There is the rub. Biological simulations have been written for
         | 40 years now. It's an extremely difficult problem considering
         | how many latent variables are at play, and people have been
         | working on it for a very long time now.
        
           | MAXPOOL wrote:
           | I suspect that the recent breakthrough in protein structure
           | prediction is just a start.
           | 
           | ML techniques will be used to cut that latent variable space
           | in both quantum chemistry and molecular mechanics based
           | methods.
        
       | joelg wrote:
       | Database applications of category theory!
        
       | elihu wrote:
       | ReBCO tape is interesting stuff. It's a high-temperature
       | superconductor (high-temperature meaning still really cold, but
       | you don't need liquid helium to get there) that can carry a lot
       | of current before it stops being superconducting.
       | 
       | It's being used in new tokomak fusion reactor designs, like
       | SPARC.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rare-earth_barium_copper_oxide
        
         | NaturalPhallacy wrote:
         | An excellent video on this from one of the best Youtube
         | channels in existence (IMHO):
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zcpDGKH9_SE
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Similar-but-different recent threads:
       | 
       |  _Ask HN: What novel tools are you using to write web sites
       | /apps?_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26693959 - April
       | 2021 (320 comments)
       | 
       |  _Ask HN: What startup /technology is on your 'to watch' list?_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25540583 - Dec 2020 (248
       | comments)
        
       | marshmallow_12 wrote:
       | www.store-dot.com perhaps.
        
       | AntonioL wrote:
       | Automated green farms - https://www.optimal.ag
        
       | ratsforhorses wrote:
       | Smartphone ad hoc networks
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone_ad_hoc_network
        
       | jrnichols wrote:
       | maybe it's been a bit more noticed, but I am enjoying the
       | Fediverse so far, especially peer tube. I think there's a lot of
       | potential there.
       | 
       | now.. the race to see if we can fill it with normal stuff instead
       | of letting conspiracy theorists and racists flood it.
        
       | robinwa wrote:
       | Hyperspectral imaging.
       | 
       | It reminds me of a Star Trek tricorder. Imagine having a camera
       | where you can see easily ID greenhouse gases, quantify water/fat
       | content in food, identify plant diseases, verify drug components,
       | identify tumours, and measure blood oxygenation. On the machine
       | vision side of things: it could probably outperform any
       | conventional imaging + DNN combination, and you'd probably get
       | pixel-wise segmentation for free while you're there.
       | 
       | There's been a lot of academic progress going on - it shouldn't
       | be long until hyperspectral imaging makes its way into our lives.
        
         | jldl805 wrote:
         | It is very much a part of your life if you are a member of the
         | military or any number of government agencies. Has been a long
         | time.
        
       | kickout wrote:
       | Autonomous vehicles...for agriculture...
       | 
       | https://thinkingagriculture.io/the-agriculture-unicorn-hidin...
        
       | mperreux wrote:
       | The GET (Guaranteed Entrance Token) Protocol https://get-
       | protocol.io/
       | 
       | The protocol offers blockchain-based smart ticketing which
       | eliminates fraud and prevents scalping. This has the potential to
       | get huge when events start coming back post-covid.
        
       | nojito wrote:
       | Hydrogen cars and autonomous delivery.
        
       | michelpp wrote:
       | The GraphBLAS[1] is an amazing API and mathematical framework for
       | building parallel graph algorithms using sparse matrix
       | multiplication in the language of Linear Algebra.
       | 
       | There are Python and and MATLAB bindings, in fact MATLAB 2021a
       | now uses SuiteSparse:GraphBLAS for sparse matrix multiplication
       | (A*B) built-in.
       | 
       | [1] https://graphblas.github.io/
        
         | cunidev wrote:
         | I am working on GraphBLAS-based implementations right now.
         | While the API itself is great, using it full-time I notice
         | documentation is still quite behind and still not too many
         | features. Also there is almost no community outside academia.
         | Crazy efficient though, and very solid overall
        
       | bitcoinmonger wrote:
       | I think Bitcoin is genuinely exciting. I know it's not exactly
       | "under-the-radar", but a lot of the discussion on HN is
       | unfortunately only related to the price. It's a bit of a shame,
       | but I can understand it's hard to see through the noise
       | sometimes.
       | 
       | The fact that there isn't more discussion around the
       | cryptography, networking, etc. suggests to me that many are still
       | unfamiliar with the power of the underlying technology.
        
         | babuloseo wrote:
         | yeah I am doing more research on p2p and things like merkle
         | trees. https://www.codementor.io/blog/merkle-trees-5h9arzd3n8
         | 
         | I am pretty excited about Ethereum and related ecosystem.
        
           | rfd4sgmk8u wrote:
           | Don't get too distracted by the shiny. The ethereum ecosystem
           | is a train wreck. What we see today is the reinvention of the
           | same of scum tricks that Wall Street has played on the people
           | for decades. More printing of funny money, tricks on yield,
           | relending and rehypothication. Its is unscalable, and PoS is
           | a insecure trick. I don't think the value proposition of
           | ether can exist in a PoS world. I also think some elements
           | are interesting, but I am far more excited about bitcoin!
           | Bitcoin cannot be inflated, takes mass energy to create it
           | (this is good thing!), censorship resistant and not under any
           | kind of central control. As long as we are careful, this
           | technology can be scaled responsibly.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | m_j_g wrote:
       | Dependent types and homotopy type theory for general purpose
       | programming. I am definitely excited about it, but not really
       | sure if those hopes will ever materialize as some useful (even in
       | the limited scope) technology.
        
       | crawfordcomeaux wrote:
       | The application of computer science and uncertainty logic to
       | create general human programming frameworks, possibly through
       | applying category theory to neuroscience, psychology, daily life.
       | 
       | I'm the only one I know trying to do this. It's changed my life.
       | I'm now applying my ideas in how to choose to lovingly coevolve
       | with partner and the 2.5-year old we conceived. The results from
       | this experiment are getting to the point that people are
       | noticing. There exists a unifying spiritual path through my
       | (mis?)application of category theory in my daily life. I am a
       | noob at hacking the human and I'm saying that after having had
       | major successes within this human body. I also recognize I'm
       | doing way more than many people, so if I'm a noob, so are most-
       | if-not-all people. The Buddha is an example of an elite hacker of
       | the human.
       | 
       | Still waiting for people willing to take the first step, which is
       | cultivating an ideal learning environment within oneself. This
       | means learning to abandon judgments by default.
        
       | tubularhells wrote:
       | IoT smart spoons.
        
         | buescher wrote:
         | Put a chip in it!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | joshlemer wrote:
       | https://temporal.io/
        
         | swyx wrote:
         | what do you like about it? (disclaimer, i work at temporal, but
         | just genuinely interested in how you'd describe it in your
         | words, good or bad lets hear it)
        
           | poletopole wrote:
           | I may be able to answer your question. I only watched the
           | video on the landing page and glanced at the docs, but it
           | reminds me of what a saga system would do (like redux-saga
           | perhaps), meaning that much of the side effects, such as
           | networking, are abstracted away from the business logic, and
           | there is the concept of compensation when things don't go as
           | planned. Very neat!
        
             | swyx wrote:
             | yeah, "saga for the backend" is an appealing angle to some
             | folks (eg our Coinbase testimonial has that) but i'm not
             | sure how many developers know about sagas so I've been
             | hesitant to push that too hard (bc then we'd have to teach
             | people an extra concept before they get to us).
             | 
             | i'd say something that is maybe hard to appreciate until
             | you really get into it is just how much goes into making
             | this ultra scalable with distributed transactions. If you
             | have ~20 mins for it, I wrote this up recently:
             | https://docs.temporal.io/blog/workflow-engine-principles
        
           | joshlemer wrote:
           | I would say that it allows one to write statefu, long lasting
           | workflows or processes in a durable and persistent way using
           | all the niceties of regular programming languages such as
           | Go/Java, like control structures, abstraction, etc. In a
           | similar way that generators in Python/JS allow one to write
           | even complicated iterators much more easily than manually
           | keeping track of state yourself, Temporal allows one to
           | easily define long-lived stateful processes (on order of
           | years even) with the simplicity of roughly:
           | while(true) {           Thread.sleep(1, MONTH);
           | sendReminderEmail(user);         }
           | 
           | ...which would normally require one to manually keep track of
           | state in queues and key-value stores and idempotent updates,
           | but with temporal the developer can just focus on the simple
           | business rules. The runtime of Temporal takes care of
           | compiling that down into proper state-machine logic.
        
             | swyx wrote:
             | yeah nice, exactly. i like calling Temporal a "framework"
             | for that reason - you'd have to code + provision all this
             | stuff anyway if you're doing anything async, and you're
             | probably not testing it properly/thinking through
             | scalability needs or lacking debugging tools to investigate
             | issues.
             | 
             | I'll volunteer that we don't have Python or JS SDKs right
             | now but are working on it
             | (https://github.com/temporalio/sdk-node).
             | 
             | i think `Thread.sleep(1, MONTH);` is a profound paradigm
             | change in programming that I have been struggling to find
             | the words to describe. It's like, where you used to need to
             | write "multiuser" code, you can now write code as if you
             | simply have _one machine per user_ and it idled or did work
             | as long as your user 's activity is still going, whether
             | we're talking the end-to-end journey of a food delivery
             | startup or machine learning data pipelines or
             | infrastructure provisioning at a cloud startup (you can
             | even run a workflow for forever, with some careful
             | segmentation https://docs.temporal.io/docs/concept-
             | workflows#faq).
             | 
             | this is useful market research for us, thank you for taking
             | up the suggestion :)
        
       | aaron695 wrote:
       | Cheap, 4K, bigger than 24 inch monitors.
       | 
       | I think a lot of people are only allocated one monitor in most
       | industries. This will change the way they work.
       | 
       | It will also change design.
        
       | oftenwrong wrote:
       | https://darklang.com/
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20985429
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20394166
       | 
       | I think it's inevitable that darklang's vision will be achieved
       | eventually, at least in part, whether by darklang or by other
       | projects. We are already at the stage where you can define your
       | infrastructure in code, and execute functions on managed
       | "serverless" runtimes. It's not too much further to the point
       | that cloud providers will build tightly integrated developer
       | experiences that allow a developer to "just code" while handling
       | all of the complexity that comes after. Within some large
       | software companies, there is something close to this experience,
       | but it hasn't yet been wrapped up and sold to the public.
        
       | Robotbeat wrote:
       | 1) Fiducials. This makes it so incredibly easy to map the
       | physical world to the digital world, and vice versa. I guess it's
       | not under the radar, but it just feels like such a superpower.
       | Sub pixel accurate 6dof tracking & unique identification for
       | anything you want. It's like a cheat code for computer vision as
       | it makes the whole problem trivial. I half expect fiducials on
       | all public streets within 10 years. On every Consumer product.
       | All over the place, and some of them maybe invisible.
       | 
       | 2) Custom silicon. Open source tools & decentralization of fab
       | tech (by countries not wanting to be subject to international
       | trade problems... as well as Moore's Law slowing) are gonna make
       | this like making a PCB.
       | 
       | 3) Electric airplanes. With wings. "Drones" as VTVL electric
       | helicopters have been big for a decade, but there are physical
       | limitations to that approach. if you want to see the future, look
       | at drone delivery in Rwanda by Zipline. But also, I think we'll
       | see passenger electric flight start small and from underserved
       | regional airports sooner than you think, doing routes and speeds
       | comparable to High Speed Rail (and with comparable efficiency)
       | but much more granular and without massive infrastructure.
       | 
       | 4) Small tunnels by The Boring Company and probably competitor
       | companies with similar ideas. When you can build tunnels for one
       | or two orders of magnitude cheaper than today, cheaper than an
       | urban surface lane, then why NOT put it underground? And they'll
       | be for pedestrians, bikes, and small subways like the London
       | Underground uses. Gets lot of hate from the Twitter Urbanist
       | crowd, but what TBC has done for tunneling cost (on the order of
       | $10 million per mile) is insanely important for how we think
       | about infrastructure in the US.
       | 
       | 5) Reusable launch technology. The world still doesn't grok this.
       | They will. It (long term) enables access to orbit comparable to
       | really long distance airfare or air freight.
       | 
       | 6) Geoengineering. I'm not happy about it, but it's insanely
       | cheap so... it'll probably happen.
        
         | TeMPOraL wrote:
         | > _Fiducials_
         | 
         | If you mean what I think you mean (tiny marks on everything
         | that encode information to help computers figure out what
         | they're looking at), I agree. In particular, I've long been
         | waiting for someone in self-driving sphere to give up on trying
         | to crack the problem with just imaging the world as it is. In a
         | saner world, countries would already be standardizing machine-
         | readable markers on roads and posts and traffic signs. I'm
         | still hoping someone will wake up and make use of this "cheat
         | code".
        
           | jimhefferon wrote:
           | Forgive me, genuine question. What happens when it snows?
        
             | NotPavlovsDog wrote:
             | machine readable can involve more than visible spectrum.
             | Radar and light beam reflectors,non-vis spectrum strobes,
             | radio beacons, swarm. Volvo was working on this years back,
             | before "autonomous" - cars sharing data via wireless comms.
             | There are ways, just no will.
             | 
             | Google, among others, is using private (external, not owned
             | or controlled by google ) wi-fi access points as beacons
             | for navigation today. Good old wardriving google.
             | 
             | Centralized, standardized solution would be better, more
             | reliable, not require mobile internet access for alignment
             | with beacons, as they would be in a stored database in the
             | vehicle, etc.
        
             | Eduard wrote:
             | Or what happens if some kids prank a fiducial towards a
             | cliff?
        
               | saaaaaam wrote:
               | I mean you'd hope that self driving cars had a certain
               | amount of error correction and weren't just looking at
               | one data point...
        
               | Robotbeat wrote:
               | What if someone redraws road lines (or fakes the speed
               | limit signs or whatever) to confuse drivers today?
               | 
               | (Also, I've thought of ways that fiducials could be
               | resistant to such measures.)
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Same thing that happens to humans. You see parts of the
             | signage. Or none of it, and drive on memory (and follow the
             | behavior of other cars).
             | 
             | The idea behind adding special markings for computers is
             | that you can waste a lot of time and effort trying to
             | perfect algorithms interpreting signage optimized for human
             | consumption, or... you can spend much less time and effort,
             | to much better effect, setting up additional signage that's
             | easy for computers to consume _and_ provides information
             | relevant to computers (which is not necessarily the same as
             | what humans need).
             | 
             | Note that roads are controlled, artificial environments.
             | There's always someone responsible for maintaining a road
             | and signage on it. The infrastructure to deploy additional
             | markings dedicated to self-driving cars already exist.
        
               | Robotbeat wrote:
               | Yup. Or have signage at an angle that deflects snow. Or
               | has a heater or wiper. Or as others have said, use non-
               | visible-light fiducials.
               | 
               | Humans rely on road lines and signs as well and when
               | those are covered, human capability is reduced and they
               | have to drive slower.
        
             | semi-extrinsic wrote:
             | Forgive me, genuine question: even in the richest countries
             | we apparently don't have enough budget to paint new yellow
             | lines in the middle of the roads when they get worn away -
             | how are we going to afford something like this?
             | 
             | The vision of self driving going much beyond driver assists
             | like we have today is going to die a slow death as more and
             | more people realize it just isn't worth the CAPEX and OPEX.
             | Humans brains are cheap in comparison.
        
               | Robotbeat wrote:
               | Fiducials don't need to be ON the road. They can be on
               | signage or whatever. But fiducials are cheap. Just paint.
               | (And you can, in fact, draw them by hand using a ruler, a
               | square, and patience.)
               | 
               | They are error-detecting and error-correcting digital
               | signage that gives you precision 6dof orientation "for
               | free." (And you can do even better... can stick a bunch
               | of them all over a deformable object to map back the
               | shape and deformation.... without lengthy registration
               | and with only a single camera... unlike vidicon) And
               | they're easy to implement in software. Can be extremely
               | fast (<10ms... no real limit as you can implement it in
               | an FPGA) and fairly lightweight and can use basically any
               | kind of digital camera (good or bad).
        
               | andrew_v4 wrote:
               | Hello from Montreal, a city that is booming where you
               | can't go a block without hitting a giant hole in the road
               | or a bridge that's about to collapse. Having proper lines
               | painted is pretty far along our hierarchy of needs. That
               | said, I can easily imagine machine readable markers
               | leapfrogging most of the existing infrastructure deficit.
               | 
               | It's easier to get money for a futuristic sounding
               | project than for routine shoring up of infrastructure so
               | it doesn't keep falling apart. (Just like many codebases)
        
         | lettergram wrote:
         | Fiducials are amazing and way under utilized. I've worked in
         | the space and there's a ton of innovation to be done.
         | 
         | https://austingwalters.com/chromatags/
         | 
         | Imagine encoding virtual objects or NPCs into a fiducial
         | without a database... basically a 3D model + actions into a
         | piece of paper you can attach anywhere.
        
           | Eduard wrote:
           | So I imagined it, and I came to the conclusion it's not more
           | than a QR code.
        
             | pmarreck wrote:
             | Yes, I too thought this, how does a QR code not already
             | accomplish this need?
        
               | Robotbeat wrote:
               | A QR code IS a type of fiducial.
               | 
               | There's an entire spectrum of fiducial types based on 2D
               | bar code matrices. QR code is the most well known.
               | 
               | But 2D matrices are not as resistant to motion blur, so
               | there are advantages to some of the other types.
        
             | lettergram wrote:
             | QR code's are a form of fiducial markers. However,
             | detection is far different than orientation. Also for
             | things like AR, you need quicker detection and orientation,
             | which QR code's don't afford
        
             | mustacheemperor wrote:
             | From what I understand (which is limited) a QR code can
             | function as a fiducial but the cutting edge of fiducials
             | far exceed QR codes in terms of recognition speed and can
             | be understood in terms of their relative 3D orientation to
             | the scanner much more accurately and efficiently than QR
             | codes.
             | 
             | The docs page for AprilTag[0] makes for an explanatory
             | example,
             | 
             | "AprilTags are conceptually similar to QR Codes, in that
             | they are a type of two-dimensional bar code. However, they
             | are designed to encode far smaller data payloads (between 4
             | and 12 bits), allowing them to be detected more robustly
             | and from longer ranges. Further, they are designed for high
             | localization accuracy-- you can compute the precise 3D
             | position of the AprilTag with respect to the camera."
             | 
             | [0]https://april.eecs.umich.edu/software/apriltag
             | 
             | Something with the recognition speed and 3D orientation
             | understanding of an AprilTag and with the information
             | density of a QR code seems like it could be quite a useful
             | innovation.
        
       | dchuk wrote:
       | This new crypto project just launched its mainnet a few weeks
       | ago: https://chia.net
       | 
       | It's a novel "Proof of" algorithm (Proof of Space and Time) that
       | front loads the resource needs into a Plotting phase, with a very
       | efficient Farming phase after that to process blocks with
       | transactions. Seems like a much more fair, sustainable model for
       | having a secure digital currency.
       | 
       | It also has an interesting, Lisp based programming language on
       | it.
       | 
       | But what excites me is that it's lead by Bram Cohen, the dude who
       | invented BitTorrent, one of the best pieces of tech I've used
       | nearly my whole tech life.
        
         | Graffur wrote:
         | The people who have the most hard drive space will mine the
         | most Chia. How is that any different to just paying with USD to
         | get more? In terms of it being a "much more" fair model.
        
           | GordonS wrote:
           | Like you, I'm struggling to see how this is substantially
           | different from proof of work, besides trading one limited
           | resource (GPUs and power) for another (disks). It surely
           | still comes down to real-world money - whoever can afford to
           | buy the most disks can mine the most crypto.
        
           | idlewords wrote:
           | Not just the most hard drive space, but the very specific
           | fast kinds of hard drives you need to farm it efficiently.
           | 
           | The idea that you can do a sustainable cryptocurrency that
           | remains sustainable no matter how valuable the tokens become
           | in real money terms is self-evidently ridiculous. There's
           | always _some_ limiting resource you 'll hit first, and if the
           | cryptotokens are worth real money, that resource will get
           | scarce.
           | 
           | But Chia is a good example of a brilliant person being so
           | seduced by a challenging technical problem that they lose any
           | ability to see foundational problems that people with a tenth
           | of the brampower would be able to spot instantly.
        
           | dchuk wrote:
           | I think the big part is that farming with hard drives is a
           | much more approachable thing to do than to try and mine
           | BTC/ETH, considering both of those at a minimum require crazy
           | GPU hardware, if not full blown custom chips, that no normal
           | people will buy. Also, insane energy usage too, which Chia
           | doesn't really have.
           | 
           | That being said, yes, with the right amount of investment,
           | someone could try and take over the network. That being said,
           | look how many Full Nodes are already in the network...
           | 
           | https://www.chiaexplorer.com/charts/nodes
        
         | Murrawhip wrote:
         | I think you mean https://www.chia.net
        
           | dchuk wrote:
           | yep, you're right. I'll fix.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | galfarragem wrote:
         | "Good artists copy, great artists steal".
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_space
        
       | KerryJones wrote:
       | Graphene -- generally has a bunch of uses that are not fully
       | explored and I think it has a lot of potential.
       | 
       | Example company creating anti-COVID solutions with it:
       | https://www.zengraphene.com/
        
       | leeuw01 wrote:
       | Materialize (https://materialize.com/). Although a bit known
       | here, my coworkers never heard about it. I think it's going to be
       | a game changer.
        
         | posnet wrote:
         | Materialize is so cool. I think these to blogs have great wow
         | factor for anyone who's worked with streaming data before.
         | 
         | https://materialize.com/lateral-joins-and-demand-driven-quer...
         | 
         | https://materialize.com/temporal-filters/
        
       | mindcrime wrote:
       | OK, to add my own answer, instead of just commnenting.
       | 
       | Ummm... to start with "what everybody else has already said." If
       | I have anything to add it might be (and somebody might have said
       | this already as well, and I just missed it)
       | 
       | Synthetic Biology - this entire field fascinates me, and I expect
       | big things to come in the future when we can customize DNA and
       | grow items we need, that are tailor made to various parameters.
       | This is also the beginning plot-line to many horror novels and
       | movies though, so "everything isn't rainbows and sunshine" as
       | they say.
       | 
       | Nanotech - related to above, but as with synthetic biology, it
       | fascinates me to think what we can do when we have atomic scale
       | self-assembling machines.
       | 
       | AR/VR - maybe not "under the radar" anymore, but I think there's
       | a ton of untapped potential in this space.
       | 
       | Semantic Web - Yes, I'm still a believer in the idea of RDF /
       | SPARQL / etc. I've said enough about this in the past, so I'm not
       | going to drill any deeper here.
       | 
       | AI - maybe more "AGI" than the ML stuff we have today that gets
       | labeled "AI". And saying that is _not_ an attempt to denigrate ML
       | or any of the radical stuff going today. It 's just that for as
       | much as contemporary "AI" can do, I think there's a lot it still
       | can't do, and I like to daydream about the potential of AI's that
       | get closer and closer to (and exceed?) human abilities. See above
       | about horror movie plots though. :-(
       | 
       | Fusion: this has definitely been mentioned already, but add me to
       | the list of people who are hopeful/excited about the prospects.
       | 
       | Time Travel: Actually no. I kinda hope this is impossible. I have
       | a feeling that if unrestricted "Doctor Who" like time travel was
       | possible, causality would collapse and all of reality would just
       | become a big, jumbled mess, incapable of supporting life.
        
       | southerntofu wrote:
       | 1. GNU Name System to replace the DNS in a backwards-compatible
       | manner, with delegation to cryptographic public keys (instead of
       | IP addresses) and with strong guarantees against known attacks
       | against the DNS (DNSSEC doesn't solve everything).
       | https://gnunet.org/en/gns.html
       | 
       | 2. Semantic sysadmin to declare your intent in regards to your
       | infrastructure no matter how it is implemented (i.e. with a
       | standard specification, interoperability/migration becomes
       | possible) https://ttm.sh/dVy.md
       | 
       | 3. GUI/WebUI CMS for contributing to a shared versioned
       | repository. Sort of what netlify is doing, but using a standard
       | so you can use the client of your choice and we tech folks can
       | hold onto our CLI while our less-techie friends can enjoy a great
       | UI/UX for publishing articles to collective websites.
       | 
       | 4. Structured shell for the masses. Powershell isn't the worst,
       | but in my view nushell has a bright future ahead. For the people
       | who don't need portability, it may well entirely replace bash,
       | Python and perl for writing more maintainable and user-friendly
       | shell scripts. https://nushell.sh/
       | 
       | 5. A desktop environment toolkit that focuses on empowering to
       | build more opinionated desktops while mutualizing the burden of
       | maintenance of core components. Most desktop environments should
       | have a common base/library (freedesktop?) where features/bugs can
       | be dealt with once and for all and we don't have to reinvent the
       | wheel every single time. Last week i learnt some DE folks want to
       | fork the whole of GTK because it's becoming too opinionated for
       | their usage, and GNOME is nowadays really bloated and buggy
       | thanks to javascript hell. Can't we have a user-friendly desktop
       | with solid foundations and customizability?
        
         | joeyaiello wrote:
         | PM lead for PowerShell here, thanks for the callout! I'll take
         | "isn't the worst". ;)
         | 
         | I'd love to get more of your thoughts around how PowerShell
         | might be more useful for the kinds of scenarios you're thinking
         | about. We see a lot of folks writing portable CI/CD
         | build/test/deploy scripts for cross-platform apps (or to
         | support cross-platform development), but we're always looking
         | to lower the barrier of entry to get into PowerShell, as it can
         | be quite jarring to someone who's used Bash their whole life
         | (myself included).
         | 
         | Structured shells have so much potential outside of that,
         | though. I find myself using PowerShell to "explore" REST APIs,
         | and then it's easy to translate that into something scripted
         | and portable. But I'd love to get to a place one day where we
         | could treat arbitrary datasets like that, sort of like a
         | generalized SQL/JSON/whatever REPL.
         | 
         | Plus, PS enables me to Google regex less :D
        
           | hiq wrote:
           | > we're always looking to lower the barrier of entry to get
           | into PowerShell, as it can be quite jarring to someone who's
           | used Bash their whole life (myself included).
           | 
           | apt search powershell returns no meaningful result on Debian
           | unstable. I think that's a big barrier to entry, at least for
           | me and people who deploy using docker images based on Debian
           | and Ubuntu.
        
           | zaat wrote:
           | Don't return everything, return what I specifically returned
           | (yeah, I know about objects, talking about everywhere else).
           | I know it will never happen, but one can dream. Painpoints
           | aside, you and your team are doing excellent job. Thank you
           | 
           | Edit: unless you are also responsible for DSC, than I'll take
           | it back. It's terrible.
        
           | jiggawatts wrote:
           | Stop shipping your org chart!
           | 
           | Microsoft has always had this problem, but with PowerShell --
           | which is supposed to be this unified interface to all things
           | Microsoft -- it is glaringly obvious that teams at Microsoft
           | do not talk to each other.
           | 
           | To this day, the ActiveDirectory commands throw exceptions
           | instead of returning Errors. Are you not allowed to talk to
           | them?
           | 
           | The Exchange "Set" commands, if failing to match the provided
           | user name, _helpfully_ overwrite the first 1,000 users
           | instead because... admins don 't need weekends, am I right?
           | Who doesn't enjoy a disaster recovery instead of going to the
           | beach?
           | 
           | I'm what you'd categorise as a power user of PS 5.1, having
           | written many PS1 modules and several C# modules for customers
           | to use at scale. I've barely touched PowerShell Core because
           | support for it _within Microsoft_ is more miss than hit.
           | 
           | For example, .NET Core has caused serious issues. PowerShell
           | needs _dynamic_ DLL loading to work, but .NET Core hasn 't
           | prioritised that, because web apps don't need it. The runtime
           | introduced EXE-level flags that should have been DLL-level,
           | making certain categories of PowerShell modules impossible to
           | develop. I gave up. I no longer develop for PowerShell at
           | all. It's just too hard.
           | 
           | It's nice that Out-GridView and Show-Command are back, but
           | they launch _under_ the shell window, which makes them hard
           | to find at the best of times and very irritating when the
           | shell is embedded (E.g.: in VS Code)
           | 
           | The Azure commandlets are generally a pain to work with, so
           | I've switched to ARM Templates for most things because
           | PowerShell resource provisioning scripts cannot be re-run,
           | unlike scripts based on the "az" command line or templates.
           | Graph is a monstrosity, and most of my customers are still
           | using MSOnline and are firmly tied to PS 5.1 for the
           | foreseeable future.
           | 
           | Heaven help you if you need to manage a full suite of Hybrid
           | Office 365 backoffice applications. The _connection time
           | alone_ is a solid 2 minutes. Commands fail regularly due to
           | network or throttling reasons, and scripts in general aren 't
           | retry-able as mentioned above. This is a usability disaster.
           | 
           | Last, _but not least:_ Who thought it was a good idea to
           | strip the help content out and force users to jump through
           | hoops to install it? There ought to be a guild of programmers
           | so people like him can be summarily ejected from it!
        
           | flower-giraffe wrote:
           | > we're always looking to lower the barrier of entry to get
           | into PowerShell
           | 
           | I've used powershell regularly since way back when (it was
           | still called monad when I first tied it).
           | 
           | I'm extremely comfortable in the Windows environment but even
           | yesterday I found it easiest to shell out to cmd.exe to pipe
           | the output of git fast-export to stop powershell from messing
           | with stdout (line feeds)
           | 
           | I really like the idea of a pipeline that can pass more than
           | text streams but it absolutely has to be zero friction to
           | pipe the output of jq, git (and awk, sed etc for oldies like
           | me) without breaking things.
        
           | BadInformatics wrote:
           | In case you haven't seen it already, I found
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26779580 to be a pretty
           | succinct list of the biggest stumbling points (latency,
           | telemetry and documentation).
           | 
           | A couple of more specific points I'd like to add after
           | experience writing non-trivial PS scripts:
           | 
           | - Tooling is still spotty. Last I used the VS Code extension,
           | it was flaky and provided little in the way of formatting,
           | autocomplete or linting. AIUI PowerShell scripts should be
           | easier to statically analyze than an average bash script, so
           | something as rigorous as ShellCheck would be nice to have
           | too.
           | 
           | - Docs around .NET interop still appear to be few and far
           | between. I recall having to do quite a bit of guesswork
           | around type conversions, calling conventions and the like.
           | 
           | It's nice to see the docs have had a major overhaul since I
           | last dug into them though :)
        
             | haecceity wrote:
             | Tooling?? I write powershell scripts in notepad.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | readingnews wrote:
         | I am a lifelong sysadmin, and have thought about #2 frequently.
         | I am thinking seriously about making it a research project. Who
         | is behind this document you linked to? Is it tildeverse? Parts
         | of that document are pretty up to date, so it does not seem
         | very old. I am not really familiar with the null pointer site,
         | or even how to find things on it (as in, every now and then I
         | am surprised). I am surprised I have not seen this before.
        
         | FrontAid wrote:
         | > 3. GUI/WebUI CMS for contributing to a shared versioned
         | repository.
         | 
         | Did you have some specific tool in mind? Because I completely
         | agree that this is a great way of working with content. We have
         | been doing that for a couple of months with our own tool. It
         | uses Git and stores content in a pretty-printed JSON file.
         | Techies can update that directly and push it manually. Content
         | editors can use our tool to edit and commit to Git with a
         | simple Web UI. Would that go into a direction you were thinking
         | of?
        
           | zoover2020 wrote:
           | NetlifyCMS comes to mind!
        
         | fuzzer37 wrote:
         | Serious question: Who is the target audience of Nushell? I know
         | for a fact that I couldn't get someone like my parents or my
         | girlfriend to use something like that day to day, and if you
         | need a shell to work more efficiently, why not just learn bash?
         | The learning curve for the 2 seems pretty much exactly the
         | same, and bash has the benefit of being installed on almost
         | every Linux/Unix system, even Macs (I think they actually use
         | zsh now, but still)
        
         | KronisLV wrote:
         | In case the nushell link doesn't work for anyone else, consider
         | prefixing it with www: https://www.nushell.sh/
         | 
         | Admittedly, i have no idea why we even need to do that
         | nowadays, but that seemed to work.
        
           | ryanianian wrote:
           | It's because the bare TLD isn't setup to accept requests, but
           | the `www` subdomain is (it's DNSed to a different IP):
           | $ curl -v --head https://nushell.sh/       *   Trying
           | 162.255.119.254...       * TCP_NODELAY set       * Connection
           | failed       * connect to 162.255.119.254 port 443 failed:
           | Connection refused            $ curl -v --head
           | https://www.nushell.sh/       *   Trying 185.199.108.153...
           | * TCP_NODELAY set       * Connected to www.nushell.sh
           | (185.199.108.153) port 443 (#0)
           | 
           | Most hosts will alias or redirect away the www subdomain, but
           | that's just a convenience. Of course technically foo.com and
           | www.foo.com can have different DNS entries.
        
             | macintux wrote:
             | My first IT gig, 25 (sigh) years ago, I tried to set up
             | <ourdomain> as an alias for www.<ourdomain>. Seemed to work
             | ok, but somehow I noticed that I had broken email delivery
             | through our firewall, so I reverted the change. Couldn't
             | figure out exactly what was going on, and set it aside.
             | 
             | A few months after I left, I sent an email to a friend who
             | still worked there, and it bounced exactly the same way.
             | Called up my friend in a hurry, and sure enough, they had
             | just finished deploying the same change.
        
               | KronisLV wrote:
               | Why even have www.<ourdomain>.<tld> in the first place
               | then, if <ourdomain>.<tld> is entirely sufficient on its
               | own?
               | 
               | It does appear that it's mostly done for historical
               | reasons and sometimes you need CNAME records[1], but
               | overall it feels like it probably introduces
               | unnecessarily complexity, because the www. prefix doesn't
               | really seem to be all that useful apart from the
               | mentioned situation with CNAMEs.
               | 
               | That's kind of why i asked the question above - maybe
               | someone can comment on additional use cases or reasons
               | for sticking to the www convention, which aren't covered
               | in the linked page.
               | 
               | When i last asked the question to a company who only had
               | their website available with wwww but didn't without, i
               | got an unsatisfactory and non-specific answer where spam
               | was mentioned. I'm not sure whether there's any truth to
               | that.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web#WWW_prefix
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | There was a time I did all my shell commands just directly in
         | Perl. If you have it all in your head you can do crazy stuff
         | pretty quickly. Especially by having libraries that you can
         | import and invoke in one line.
        
         | spullara wrote:
         | > 4. Structured shell for the masses.
         | 
         | I wonder if shell stuff would work better in a notebook like
         | environment.
         | 
         | Edit: At least one exists: https://shellnotebook.com/
        
       | holoduke wrote:
       | 1. Cost per kg for orbital payloads. Soon every company can send
       | payload to space. In 10 years from now we will have 50 launches
       | every day. The sky will contain at least 100 times more satelites
       | than today. every single square cm on earth has connectivity to
       | the great web. And not a single part is invisible or unmonitored.
       | 
       | 2. VR and AR In 10 years from now when hardware is capable of
       | displaying 16k per eye in a casual lightweight not bigger than
       | regular sunglasses devices. Everyone will be wearing one making
       | all mobilephones obsolete. Every object, animal or human you
       | watch at will be argumented. It will be the greatest new
       | technological impact since the rise of mobile phones. Changing
       | the live of human being so dramatically
        
       | Dowwie wrote:
       | United Therapeutics is trying to "3D print" human kidneys. I pray
       | that they succeed at this venture. It will be yet another world-
       | changing endeavor for Rothblatt. If you aren't familiar with
       | Martine Rothblatt, listen to this interview with Tim Ferriss:
       | https://tim.blog/2020/12/16/martine-rothblatt/
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | I'm bullish on Fusion energy.
        
       | ludsan wrote:
       | Perovskite for cheaper/more-efficient solar cells. Liquid metal
       | batteries (a la Ambri) for grid-scale storage.
        
       | frankus wrote:
       | Maybe not exactly under the radar, but when I was last doing
       | professional EE/hardware/embedded work around the turn of the
       | millennium, the software (EDA, compilers, CAD) and hardware
       | (instrumentation, evaluation boards, PCB fabrication) were all
       | super expensive, to the extent that they weren't really
       | accessible to non financially-independent bootstrappers.
       | 
       | Sometime in the last two decades (and again, I'm probably _super_
       | late to the party on this) it 's become extremely affordable to
       | dip one's toe into electronic hardware and embedded software. And
       | not just at the "breadboarding something with an Arduino" level,
       | but at the level of building small production runs of a product
       | that people would actually pay money for.
       | 
       | In a way it reminds me of the mid-2000s era of web technology,
       | where over the course of a few years you went from "putting
       | expensive servers in a data center" to "filling out a web form"
       | in order to host an app in a reasonably high-availability
       | environment.
       | 
       | Or another way of looking at it, a lot of things that maybe you
       | previously had to fund-raise for are now things you can
       | bootstrap, and many things are cheap even by hobby standards.
       | 
       | That means for a lot of projects (for technical folks) you don't
       | need to convince anyone else that your idea has merit, you can
       | just build it and find out.
        
       | cl42 wrote:
       | I recently came across Polymarket[1] and am really excited about
       | what crypto has in store for prediction markets and insurance.
       | I've dabbled in prediction markets over the years. I think they
       | have a lot of promise but execution is always an issue. Using ETH
       | to create a two-sided marketplace feels much better than having
       | prediction markets decide what one can bet on.
       | 
       | More broadly, decentralizing insurance in this way would be very
       | cool too... There's little difference, in my mind, between a
       | prediction market predicting weather changes or elections, and
       | insurance contracts around risk.
       | 
       | ... and what's even cooler is: can we build bots and models to
       | actually get an edge on these predictions? Imagine applying HFT
       | strategies from stocks to predicting real-world events... Now it
       | sounds like we can actually get good at forecasting difficult-to-
       | predict human events, rather than just stock prices.
       | 
       | [1] https://polymarket.com/
        
         | hanniabu wrote:
         | Doesn't seem much different than Auger
        
           | cl42 wrote:
           | When I played with Augur, the community was very quiet and
           | not a lot was going on. That was a big challenge for me. I
           | also didn't like that you had to use their crypto to actually
           | participate -- in Polymarket's case, I understand that they
           | are using ETH smart contracts.
           | 
           | There are definitely a few players in this space and I'm
           | excited to see where it goes.
        
         | nojito wrote:
         | Fees are borderline insane if you are a small volume trader.
         | 
         | If you're in the US there is a regulated prediction market set
         | to launch soon.
        
           | cl42 wrote:
           | Agreed. _Very_ expensive if you 're throwing in a bit of
           | cash.
           | 
           | Do you have more info about the regulated prediction market?
           | I'd love to learn more.
        
             | nojito wrote:
             | Yup. It's https://kalshi.com/
        
               | cl42 wrote:
               | Thanks!!
        
           | secfirstmd wrote:
           | Is there really? I worked at Intrade when I was in college.
           | It was messy internally but a great concept. Pity the US Gov
           | smashed it. It had a lot of potential.
        
       | brunoTbear wrote:
       | Absorbent panels for aircraft and angular design that prevents
       | reflection of emitted waves.
       | 
       | Oh wait, that's under-the-radar technology.
        
         | grumpymonk77 wrote:
         | Just sprayed my coffee out my nose... thanks for the morning
         | laugh
        
         | sumnole wrote:
         | angular? i thought we are all using vue now.
        
           | fchu wrote:
           | It's not very stealth tech if it's vue
        
         | noir_lord wrote:
         | Is that a startup in stealth mode?
        
       | thisispete wrote:
       | soil science influenced agriculture, watch 'kiss the ground' on
       | netflix.
        
         | jeffreyrogers wrote:
         | This stuff seems so obviously correct that it shocks me that
         | all farmers aren't already doing it. It makes me wonder if
         | there is some catch that the proponents of regenerative ag,
         | etc. avoid talking about.
        
       | SubiculumCode wrote:
       | blockchain internet addresses?
        
       | awb wrote:
       | Training AI on CPUs faster than on GPUs (SLIDE):
       | 
       | https://techxplore.com/news/2021-04-rice-intel-optimize-ai-c...
        
       | sahaskatta wrote:
       | https://tryfinch.com
       | 
       | It's an API for Payroll. The number of use cases is pretty
       | amazing!
        
       | philip1209 wrote:
       | https://paddle.com - it's like Stripe, but their "Reseller of
       | record" means that they handle all sales tax / VAT issues. For
       | most SaaS businesses it seems to reduce headaches a lot.
        
         | comprev wrote:
         | https://www.fonoa.com/ These guys also have an API for dealing
         | with different tax laws around the world. Founded by some ex-
         | Uber people.
        
           | iudqnolq wrote:
           | Ex-Uber isn't really a selling point for a service where you
           | face large fines if they get fiddly little legal details
           | wrong.
        
         | GordonS wrote:
         | Not sure if I'm missing something, but there have been
         | companies operating the same way for decades, such as
         | FastSpring. These existing companies all charge a pretty penny
         | though - is Paddle different in that regard?
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | Former Paddle customer, don't believe the hype. Everything is
         | duct tape and half assed with the API, the checkout process is
         | happy path or bust, and you're going to have a hard time
         | migrating to a different processor.
         | 
         | Stripe + TaxJar was cheaper and easier to implement and
         | maintain.
        
         | allie1 wrote:
         | I'm a customer, and it handles a lot of headaches for
         | accounting. Basically you have 1 client - paddle, as far as the
         | law is concerned. Plus has an easy checkout feature that's
         | inline for collecting payment info that never touches your
         | server, no headaches securing that info.
        
           | GordonS wrote:
           | Did you compare them to others in this space, like
           | FastSpring? Would be really interested to see how it stacks
           | up.
        
           | dividuum wrote:
           | Can you share an approximate percentage they take from a
           | transaction for offering that service? Their pricing
           | information seems to be hidden behind an email form.
        
             | anomaloustho wrote:
             | Around the internet, I saw 5% transaction fee. But, like
             | Plaid, they probably customize the fee based on the product
             | sold and volume.
        
       | tootie wrote:
       | Gaze tracking. There are retail solutions that are easy to use
       | and highly accurate. It's a very low-friction way to do hands
       | free interactivity.
        
       | corebuffer wrote:
       | Yosys and open source FPGA toolchains. I think FPGA are vastly
       | underrated and hard to use because of tooling and this is
       | promising in changing it.
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | Indeed. It seems like we're finally seeing a smidgeon of
         | movement in this direction lately as well. Lattice have been at
         | least semi-friendly to people building OSS support for some of
         | their FPGA's and now QuickLogic have come out with some
         | explicit support[1] for OSS as well. And I have to admit, given
         | that AMD have been at least a nugget more friendly to the OSS
         | world over the years, I'm harboring a faint kernel of hope that
         | Xilinx may move in this direction a bit as well, under their
         | stewardship[2].
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.quicklogic.com/qorc/
         | 
         | [2]: https://www.amd.com/en/corporate/xilinx-acquisition
        
         | jeffreyrogers wrote:
         | I work on FPGAs professionally and it is hard for me to come up
         | with many commercial applications for them outside of what
         | they're currently used for.
        
       | csbartus wrote:
       | Javascript and Typescript replacements.
       | 
       | Started learning Clojure / ClojureScript and keeping an eye on ML
       | languages like ReScript and ReasonML.
       | 
       | I wish soon I'll be able to never write JS/TS code again.
        
         | haxiomic wrote:
         | Take a look at haxe[0] for a compile-to-js ML inspired
         | language. It's relatively mature these days and integrates with
         | existing typescript definitions via dts2hx[1]
         | 
         | I talk about this more here:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26084187
         | 
         | [0] https://haxe.org/
         | 
         | [1] https://github.com/haxiomic/dts2hx
        
           | mdm12 wrote:
           | In a similar vein, Fable (an F#-to-JS compiler) is gaining a
           | lot of momentum in the F# community. https://fable.io/
        
       | ruffrey wrote:
       | Narrowband IoT data service. Very low power, low bandwidth,
       | cheap, with increasingly great coverage. It's like an offshoot of
       | LTE but classified as a 5G technology for massive numbers of low
       | power internet connected devices.
        
         | schappim wrote:
         | Most importantly for adoption, it is backed by the major
         | Telcos.
        
         | DyslexicAtheist wrote:
         | I've implemented some use-cases for t-mobile, they basically
         | peddle our products as a whitelabel solution to municipalities.
         | One of my biggest beef with nbIoT is that 90% of all the use-
         | cases I designed would have been better of using LoRaWAN
         | instead. The reason why nbIoT is chosen is obviously that it
         | provides the operator recurring revenue via a data-SIM but
         | apart from costs there are other massive drawbacks such as
         | energy draw of an nbIoT enabled sensor when compared to LoRa.
         | 
         | nbIoT is justified if I know that the data volume of my
         | "solution" might increase due to feature/scope creep (and
         | replacing the battery/sensor isn't going to become an annoyance
         | in 2-3 years at end of life).
         | 
         | For most use-case LoRaWAN makes more sense but doesn't have the
         | same marketing budget that is available to T-mobile, Vodafone
         | and Co.
        
           | johnwalkr wrote:
           | I work adjacent to this space and LoRa is great (really
           | great, the specs look impossible on paper) but everyone has
           | been peddling proprietary cloud-based SaaS solutions that
           | come and go every year, for about a decade now. For non-
           | cloud/SaaS solutions, nothing seemed to be able to compete
           | against the branding of wifi and bluetooth. I think this is
           | the main reason it didn't take off. 802.11ah looked like it
           | was going to finally become a good option, with wifi
           | branding, but it somehow was never really released into the
           | market.
        
         | SolubleSnake wrote:
         | I am really surprised this isn't already more of a 'thing'.
         | 
         | When I did my postgrad research project, back in 2016, I was
         | using LoRaWAN and thought it was so obviously going to be huge
         | in e.g. AgriTech. Surprised not that much has happened with it
         | tbh.
        
           | snovv_crash wrote:
           | Cheap LoRa chips are finally hitting the market for long
           | enough that ecosystems can grow around them. As an example,
           | for Radio Control vehicles (planes, drones, cars) there have
           | been 3 different systems released over the past year or so,
           | and now an open source system called ExpressLRS which is
           | gaining traction.
        
         | CarelessExpert wrote:
         | I have to admit, the idea of a run-of-the-mill security-hole-
         | ridden IoT device being exposed to the bare internet over a
         | wireless connection that's out of my control gives me the
         | heebie-jeebies... and that's ignoring the possibilities for
         | malicious use (e.g. using a low powered wireless connection for
         | uncontrollable surveillance/data collection).
        
           | SubiculumCode wrote:
           | 200% this. Pretty soon I'd have to live in a Faraday cage, or
           | put all my devices in a Faraday case/jacket.
        
           | g_p wrote:
           | The operators would argue this is where their "managed
           | service" offering kicks in and gives you value.
           | 
           | Most operators haven't figured out their business model for
           | NB-IoT quite yet (at least in Europe) - they're still
           | dabbling. Some seem likely to try pair it with enterprise
           | "private APN" type solutions. Under such a setup, you can
           | actually get quite an interesting system in place - the
           | operator locks the SIM to a custom APN, and that APN only
           | allows comms to a managed, operator-provided IoT backend.
           | 
           | Then the operator's enterprise services team turns that into
           | dashboards and other things the customer can use and access.
           | In a sense, they're using "extra slack capacity" on their FDD
           | cellular networks (as an NB-IoT carrier is only 200 kHz wide
           | and can sit inside or adjacent to a regular 4G or 5G
           | carrier), and delivering higher margin managed enterprise
           | services.
           | 
           | Some other comments point out the potential to use LoRa -
           | indeed, although if you can use LoRa, you probably aren't the
           | target market for NB-IoT. If you want to deploy 50 million
           | smart meters, a nationwide existing network and managed
           | service from the operator starts to get appealing, as does
           | them handling security, isolating the devices onto a private
           | APN, and helping you update devices in the field.
           | 
           | If you are using LoRa, you need to handle this and deploy the
           | infrastructure. To date though, I've seen lots of "unmanaged"
           | NB-IoT testing taking place, but not a whole lot of the "full
           | service managed offering".
           | 
           | Otherwise I would agree entirely with your point about
           | connecting modern IoT devices to the internet, but in this
           | case I think it will end up for enterprise type deployments
           | where they're restricting that for you.
        
       | ratsforhorses wrote:
       | DNA digital data storage
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_digital_data_storage
        
         | mariodiana wrote:
         | > DNA digital data storage is the process of encoding and
         | decoding binary data to and from synthesized strands of DNA.
         | 
         | If each "bit" of DNA can be either A, C, G, or T, why call that
         | _binary_?
        
           | dinero_rojo wrote:
           | I think it's kinda like modern SSDs which also have more
           | states than just on or off per storage cell, but it's still
           | holding data that can be written/interpreted in binary.
        
           | segfaultbuserr wrote:
           | The _data_ is binary, the _encoding_ doesn 't have to be.
           | Most modulation schemes in high-speed digital communication
           | uses more than 2 states, but it doesn't make it less
           | "digital" (in the end, everything is analog). Gigabit
           | Ethernet's PAM-5 uses 5 different voltage levels, but one
           | would not call it "quinary computing". Similarly, Wi-Fi's
           | QAM-64 uses 64 possible combinations of phases and
           | amplitudes, Base64 uses 64-symbol alphabet, but the data
           | represented by all of them is still binary.
        
       | silasb wrote:
       | dapr.io
        
       | Darmody wrote:
       | I can't believe nobody mentioned new natural teeth growth.
       | 
       | No more ceramic implants, no more root canals. Grow new shiny and
       | healthy teeth.
        
         | unnouinceput wrote:
         | A link please? I've never heard of this before and sounds very
         | interesting.
        
           | Darmody wrote:
           | https://www.news-medical.net/health/Repairing-Teeth-using-
           | St...
        
       | rhindi wrote:
       | Homomorphic encryption, which enables you to process data without
       | decrypting it. Would solve privacy / data security issues around
       | sending data to be processed in the cloud
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | Zero knowledge proofs for the win! This is one of the things I
         | need to see in a cryptocurrency before I believe it will
         | succeed at scale.
         | 
         | 1 Zero-knowledge proofs,
         | 
         | 2 shielded ledgers,
         | 
         | 3 democratized and energy efficiency mining,
         | 
         | 4 inflationary control, and
         | 
         | 5 wallet recovery.
         | 
         | No one has all of these yet, but ZKP is a big part of it.
        
           | iSnow wrote:
           | zk-SNARKs are a practical application of ZKPs in crypto.
        
           | 35mm wrote:
           | 3 - proof of stake (Cardano etc) solves this, no?
        
             | SavantIdiot wrote:
             | Like I said, lots of coins touch some of these, but I don't
             | know of any that has all of them.
        
           | takoid wrote:
           | You should look into Monero.
        
             | SavantIdiot wrote:
             | Yep. I have. RandomX and ECDH ledgers are a big plus.
        
             | devmunchies wrote:
             | monero is proof of work? is there a proof of stake
             | alternative to monero?
        
           | gautamcgoel wrote:
           | Can you explain what you mean by shielded ledgers?
        
             | b0tzzzzzzman wrote:
             | I am also curious what you mean.
        
               | SavantIdiot wrote:
               | See my peer comment.
        
             | SavantIdiot wrote:
             | The fact that wallet IDs are visible in the blockchain
             | breaks it completely for me. I do NOT want an immortal
             | record of every penny I spent and to whom I gave it.
             | Fuuuuuuuck that. Today I have a choice, but with many
             | cryptocurrencices (ETH, BTC) that is a "feature" not a
             | "bug".
             | 
             | Monero and Ravencoin have transparent and shielded entries.
             | I believe the node is encrypted with an ECDH shared secret,
             | so the payer and the payee know each other's wallets, but
             | no one else does.
        
               | drexlspivey wrote:
               | If by inflationary control you mean non limited supply,
               | grin (mimblewimble protocol) has all those attributes.
        
               | SavantIdiot wrote:
               | yes, i did mean that. also pegging it to a real currency,
               | like USDCoin. I have not heard of Mimblewimble. Thanks
               | for the reference, I'll add it to my list of coins to
               | study.
        
         | juancn wrote:
         | The extra cost is worrying. You're talking at 4 to 6 orders of
         | magnitude increase in resource usage for the same computation.
         | 
         | Unless we figure out some awesome hardware acceleration for it,
         | it's not practical but for a few niche applications.
         | 
         | It also has the problem that you can use computation results to
         | derive the data, if you have enough control over the
         | computation (e.g. a reporting application that allows aggregate
         | reports).
        
           | chc4 wrote:
           | Modern homomorphic encryption schemes only have a ~100x
           | performance hit. That sounds bad, until you remember that
           | computers are _really fast_ and spend the majority of time
           | doing nothing, and that the difference between writing a
           | program in Python or C is already something like 10x.
        
             | segfaultbuserr wrote:
             | > _Modern homomorphic encryption schemes only have a ~100x
             | performance hit._
             | 
             | Really?! Now I'm curious. If I have a simple program for an
             | 8-bit CPU @ 1 MHz, when can I run this program on a virtual
             | machine using homomorphic encryption, under a reasonable
             | runtime? Is it possible yet? If the performance hit is only
             | 100x, the runtime should not be much longer than the actual
             | chip. But the last time I checked, the hypothetical runtime
             | seems to be still impractical.
        
       | willvarfar wrote:
       | Data Hubs.
       | 
       | It's queriable like a database but it doesn't store your data -
       | it proxies all your other databases and data lakes and stuff, and
       | let's you join between them.
       | 
       | Trino is a great example.
        
         | ed25519FUUU wrote:
         | Sounds like graphQL
        
         | busterarm wrote:
         | Postgres Foreign Data Wrappers
        
         | abraxas wrote:
         | is that stuff like Presto?
        
           | dswalter wrote:
           | Trino is the community-open-source fork of Presto (they were
           | recently required to change the name from PrestoSQL, which
           | they had been using to make the Presto lineage clear).
           | 
           | (not affiliated in any way). https://trino.io/
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | I've used Presto within Hue. I'm not sure if Presto is, but I
           | know Hue is.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | I don't think these are really under the radar. We have Hue. We
         | also have other apps that act as data hubs, but are slightly
         | more constrained.
        
         | ajcp wrote:
         | I'm not too deep into the data side of things, but this is
         | interesting to think about.
         | 
         | Aren't stuff like data lakes and warehouses supposed to address
         | the need for a centralized datastore?
         | 
         | Outside of perhaps an easy-to-apply interface, what benefit
         | would a data hub provide over just streaming duplicates from
         | all of your databases into a single data lake like Snowflake?
        
           | willvarfar wrote:
           | Want to cross ref the erp database with that stuff team x has
           | in a lake and join with what team z has in a dwh? You don't
           | need pipelines and jobs and working out where to store that
           | data... you just need a hub! And you can query it ad hoc too.
           | 
           | We used to have to copy and shuffle data into centralized
           | systems so we can query and join it.
           | 
           | Data hubs do away with all that. Stop needing to think about
           | storage. Instead, it's just about access.
           | 
           | There have always been fringe tools, eg I once did some cool
           | stuff with MySQL spider engine. But modern systems like Trino
           | (formerly called Presto) make it easy. And, I predict, will
           | hit the mainstream soon.
        
             | ajcp wrote:
             | > Stop needing to think about storage. Instead, it's just
             | about access.
             | 
             | 100% resonates when you put it that way. Thanks for the
             | explanation!
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | sebslomski wrote:
       | NativeScript ;-)
        
       | rolivercoffee wrote:
       | Any grid energy storage technology. Whether it's small home units
       | (smart batteries, vehicle to grid, hydrogen packs...) or huge
       | grid scale (liquid air, gravity, liquid metal batteries...)
        
       | momentmaker wrote:
       | - oracles for blockchain -
       | 
       | Blockchains are secure systems because they're isolated systems.
       | But smart contracts aren't very exciting without data from the
       | real world. Oracles are the bridges to supply data from the real
       | world to the blockchain world.
       | 
       | However, a system is only as strong as its weakest link. You'd
       | want the same security guarantees as what blockchain can provide.
       | So the blockchain needs to "trust" oracles to deliver the correct
       | data that's immune to manipulations.
       | 
       | With the rise of smart contracts and full automations, I think
       | oracles will play a huge role in all of this.
       | 
       | The leading project that's working on this is Chainlink.
        
         | codethief wrote:
         | > oracles
         | 
         | Oh no, not another term the "crypto" people have taken from the
         | "cryptography" people and re-interpreted in a completely
         | different way. :(
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Digital vaccine passports, as in the HealthIT that revolves
       | around that space
        
       | jayd16 wrote:
       | I'm not sure this is exactly under the radar but I'm excited
       | about wearable AR. No it doesn't look real but once you get past
       | that we have some amazing tech on the horizon.
       | 
       | Microsoft and Oculus have hands free controls that actually work.
       | Inside out tracking is progressing quickly. New UX patterns are
       | getting forged.
       | 
       | I'm exited to see what we'll have in a few years time. In my mind
       | its far more exciting than something like crypto but gets much
       | less press.
        
         | justinlilly wrote:
         | Any specific devices? Or just generally the brands of oculus &
         | microsoft?
        
         | Robotbeat wrote:
         | Inside out tracking is crazy good. I have a Quest 1, and this
         | technology is seriously impressive. Quest 2 is significantly
         | better and cheaper.
        
       | johnx123-up wrote:
       | IMHO, it is Restya Core. (Disclosure: I'm on their private beta.)
       | It can eat the market of Jira, Slack and Asana.
        
       | fsflover wrote:
       | Qubes OS, the _desktop_ OS providing strong security through
       | isolation: https://qubes-os.org.
        
       | kroltan wrote:
       | Wikidata, SPARQL, and RDF in general. And I guess semi-relatedly
       | things like Prolog? I recently decided to fiddle with Wikidata,
       | and it is fascinating to be able to query for any part of a
       | statement, not just the value!
       | 
       | In SPARQL you write statements in the form
       | <thing> <relation> <thing>
       | 
       | But the cool part is that any of those three parts can be
       | extracted, so you can ask things like "what are the cities in
       | <country>", or "what country harbors the city <city>", but most
       | importantly, "how does <city> relate to <country>".
       | 
       | For example, if you wanted to find out all the historical
       | monuments in state capitals of a country (using my home country
       | as an example, also pseudocode for your time's sake):
       | fetch ?monumentName, ?cityName given         ?monument "is
       | called" ?monumentName.         ?monument "is located within"
       | ?city.         ?city "is capital of" ?state.         ?city "is
       | called" ?cityName.         ?city "is located within" "Brazil".
        
         | kstenerud wrote:
         | I'm super excited about RDF as well. It's going to be the next
         | big thing as we finally start connecting our machines and data
         | sources together in semantically meaningful ways. I added
         | relationships to CE because of this: https://concise-
         | encoding.org/#relationships                   c1         {
         | // Marked base resource identifiers used for concatenation.
         | "resources" = [
         | &people:@"https://springfield.gov/people#"
         | &mp:@"https://mypredicates.org/"
         | &mo:@"https://myobjects.org/"             ]                  //
         | Map-encoded relationships (the map is the subject)
         | $people:"homer_simpson" = {                      /* $mp refers
         | to @"https://mypredicates.org/""                  * $mp:"wife"
         | concatenates to @"https://mypredicates.org/wife"
         | */                 $mp:"wife" = $people:"marge_simpson"
         | // Multiple relationship objects                 $mp:"regrets"
         | = [                     $firing
         | $forgotten_birthday                 ]             }
         | "relationship statements" = [
         | &marge_birthday:($people:"marge_simpson" $mp:"birthday"
         | 1956-10-01)
         | &forgotten_birthday:($people:"homer_simpson" $mp:"forgot"
         | $marge_birthday)
         | &firing:($people:"montgomery_burns" $mp:"fired"
         | $people:"homer_simpson")                      // Multiple
         | relationship subjects                 ([$firing
         | $forgotten_birthday] $mp:"contribute" $mo:"marital_strife")
         | ]         }
         | 
         | RDF is gonna be so awesome when it finally hits the mainstream!
        
           | walterbell wrote:
           | Time travelers unite! Is JSON-LD the modern incarnation of
           | semantic web? Which organizations are contributing to, or
           | using, concise-encoding?
        
           | bobthechef wrote:
           | Did you forget the /s? This sounds like you just read the
           | first chapter of a book on the semantic web (SW) from the 90s
           | and how great ontologies are and how they'll CHANGE
           | EVERYTHING. The SW folks have been hyping this stuff for
           | years. It sounds great until you begin to see the practical
           | realities around it and it starts to look a little less,
           | shall we say, "magical" and more like a huge pain in the ass.
        
             | kstenerud wrote:
             | Wow... haven't seen such a mean spirited and openly hostile
             | reply in some time. You don't seem to engage much, so
             | please take some time to familiarize yourself with the
             | guidelines:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | kroltan wrote:
         | A small addendum because I forgot to actually _show_ something
         | cool:
         | 
         | Another example, demonstrating the querying for the relation
         | part, would be to find Leonardo DaVinci's family members:
         | (again in pseudocode so you don't need to dwell in the syntax)
         | fetch ?kinName, ?linkName given         ?link "is called"
         | ?linkName.         ?kin "is called" ?kinName.         "Leonardo
         | DaVinci" ?link ?kin.         ?link "is" "familial".
         | 
         | Line 3 was the "mindblow" moment for me, you can ask how two
         | objects are related without knowing either one! (though I did
         | know one of them in this example, Leonardo)
        
         | poletopole wrote:
         | I've been considering writing a graph database on top of SPARQL
         | and RDF. Beyond the official docs (which are pretty good), can
         | you recommend any other resources for easily getting the hang
         | of SPARQL?
        
           | mindcrime wrote:
           | _can you recommend any other resources for easily getting the
           | hang of SPARQL?_
           | 
           | I'll second the recommendation of Jena (and associated sub-
           | project Fuseki). If you know Java (or any JVM language) you
           | can use the Jena API directly for manipulating the
           | triplestore, and submitting SPARQL queries. If you don't want
           | to do that, Fuseki exposes an HTTP based API that you can
           | interact with from any environment you prefer.
        
           | keefe wrote:
           | I worked in a semweb company ~10 years ago -
           | https://jena.apache.org/ as a general starting point is a
           | useful library. I remember distinctly OWLIM
           | https://www.w3.org/2001/sw/wiki/Owlim as a great triple
           | store.
        
           | kroltan wrote:
           | I cannot! I have just recently learned about it and am doing
           | so for leisure, not for skill. I'm sorry I couldn't be of
           | much use.
           | 
           | In fact I would love to know if someone else does have any
           | other resources too :)
        
         | samsquire wrote:
         | I am a huge fan of triples to represent things.
         | 
         | I've even written an engine that takes triples and renders web
         | apps.
         | 
         | This is effectively a todo MVC as triples:                 var
         | template = {         "predicates": [       "NewTodo leftOf
         | insertButton",       "Todos below insertButton",
         | "Todos backedBy todos",                     "Todos mappedTo
         | todos",                     "Todos key .description",
         | "Todos editable $item.description",       "insertButton
         | on:click insert-new-item",       "insert-new-item 0.pushes
         | {\"description\": \"$item.NewTodo.description\"}",
         | "insert-new-item 0.pushTo $item.todos",       "NewTodo backedBy
         | NewTodo",       "NewTodo mappedTo editBox",       "NewTodo
         | editable $item.description",       "NewTodo key .description"
         | ],         "widgets": {             "todos": {
         | "predicates": [                     "label hasContent
         | .description"                 ]             },      "editBox":
         | {           "predicates": [              "NewItemField
         | hasContent .description"           }       }         },
         | "data": {      "NewTodo": {           "description": "Hello
         | world"      },             "todos": [                 {
         | "description": "todo one"                 },                 {
         | "description": "todo two"                 },                 {
         | "description": "todo three"                 }             ]
         | }
         | 
         | }
         | 
         | See https://elaeis.cloud-angle.com/?p=71 and
         | https://github.com/samsquire/additive-guis
        
         | motohagiography wrote:
         | I've built a few solutions with graph databases (cypher is my
         | query language preference, oddly) and use an RDF/OWL ontology
         | for some personal documentation projects, and what I think
         | holds it back in production is it is too powerful.
         | 
         | "Too powerful" doesn't seem like a thing until you realize it
         | undermines DBA's skill investments, means business level people
         | have to learn something and solve their own problems instead of
         | managing them, disrupts the analyst level conversations that
         | exist in powerBI and excel, seems like an extravagent
         | performance hit with an unclear value prop to devops people,
         | and gives unmanageable godlike powers to the person who
         | operates it. (this unmanagability aspect might be what holds
         | graph products back too)
         | 
         | If you don't believe me, the list of companies who use them
         | also get a rep for having uncanny powers because of their
         | graphs, FB, twitter, palantir, uber, etc.
         | 
         | Using ML to parse and normalize data to fit categories in RDF
         | graphs is singularity-level tech, imo and where that exists
         | today, I'd bet it's mostly secret.
        
           | gryn wrote:
           | It's very fascination field with a lot of potential, but
           | we're still far from that singularity, unfortunately.
           | 
           | I'm interested in this field and find it fascinating but
           | we're still in it's early dark ages.
           | 
           | when it comes to Knowledge representation and reasoning
           | there's too much emphasis on the representation part and less
           | on the reasoning part, but even this representation part is
           | not a solved problem.
        
         | dominotw wrote:
         | datomic is the only database that i know that does this, afaik.
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | _Wikidata, SPARQL, and RDF in general. And I guess semi-
         | relatedly things like Prolog?_
         | 
         | I couldn't agree more. I know a lot of this kind of "semantic
         | web" stuff has some pretty vocal detractors and that adoption
         | seems limited, but I still think there is a ton of "meat on
         | this bone". There's just too much potential awesomeness here
         | for this stuff to _not_ be used. I think this is an example of
         | where incremental refinement is the name of the game. As
         | computers get faster, as we get more data, as algorithms
         | improve, etc. we 'll get closer and closer to the tipping point
         | where these technologies really start to reveal their
         | potential.
        
       | JProthero wrote:
       | Muon-Catalyzed Fusion [1].
       | 
       | Briefly it's a genuine, and scientifically uncontroversial, form
       | of 'cold' fusion enabled by muons -- a more massive relative of
       | the electron that was in the news recently thanks to the
       | potentially interesting results coming out of the Muon g-2
       | experiment at Fermilab [2].
       | 
       | Like conventional 'hot' plasma fusion, in all experiments to date
       | the energy input needed to sustain the process has exceeded the
       | output, but it may be possible to use it to generate power.
       | Unlike conventional fusion though, it receives relatively little
       | attention, and there is no well-funded international effort to
       | tackle the associated technical challenges. As with conventional
       | fusion the technical challenges seem formidable, but it could be
       | an interesting technology if a way could be found to make it
       | work.
       | 
       | Listeners of Lex Fridman's podcast may recall that it was briefly
       | mentioned in the episode he made last year with his father,
       | Alexander Fridman, who is a plasma physicist [3]. As someone who
       | has been interested in the idea for years and barely hears any
       | mention of it, I was pleasantly surprised it came up.
       | 
       | It was also covered on the MinutePhysics YouTube channel in 2018
       | [4].
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muon_catalyzed_fusion
       | 
       | [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4Ko7NW2yQo
       | 
       | [3] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNCz-8QIWuI
       | 
       | [4] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDfB3gnxRhc
       | 
       | Bonus fact: Muon-Catalyzed fusion was first demonstrated by the
       | Nobel laureate Luis Alvarez, who, with his geologist son Walter
       | Alvarez, later proposed the 'Alvarez hypothesis' for the
       | extinction of the dinosaurs by asteroid impact.
        
         | sroussey wrote:
         | Could muons generated from this work?
         | 
         | https://techtransfer.universityofcalifornia.edu/NCD/24852.ht...
        
         | NaturalPhallacy wrote:
         | Yay, something that wasn't software related!
         | 
         | -A Software Engineer
        
         | nynx wrote:
         | It's disappointing that MCF doesn't get more attention.
        
         | RBerenguel wrote:
         | I thought research on it had stalled (I looked it up for a
         | high-school project... 20-odd years ago). I'm glad to see
         | otherwise (or that at least more people see it as interesting),
         | I always thought it looked promising.
        
         | NortySpock wrote:
         | The MinutePhysics video you linked seemed pretty firm in saying
         | we had no clear path to reducing the energy input required to
         | create muons or increasing the energy output of the fusion,
         | thus never generating net energy.
         | 
         | Are there recent developments in this field that change that?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Balgair wrote:
       | 1) Dr. Rafael G. Gonzalez-Acuna's analytical solution on the
       | Wasserman-Wolf problem
       | 
       | TLDR: We can now make lenses in any shape we please, not just
       | with parabolas and circles (kinda).
       | 
       | Should have implications for anything that has to do with light:
       | Telescopes, lasers, com-sats, AR/VR, etc.
       | 
       | https://gizmodo.com/a-mexican-physicist-solved-a-2-000-year-...
       | 
       | 2) Memristors. We've not found a cheap and stable little
       | component yet like the rest of the 2-lead elements, but it seems
       | to be on the way (says every futurist)
       | 
       | TLDR: We'll be forced to re-do a lot of computer HW as the
       | memristive ones will be (likely) much faster and cheaper on
       | power. Think coin-cell batteries powering very good image
       | recognition systems cheap as a dollar-store watch.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memristor
        
       | mam2 wrote:
       | defi
        
       | andy99 wrote:
       | Uncertainty quantification and OOD detection in machine learning.
       | It's on some people's radar, but has the potential to get ML
       | adopted much more widely as people understand what it is actually
       | really good at, and stop giving it things to do that it's bad at.
       | 
       | For a great recent example that get at some of this, see "Does
       | Your Dermatology Classifier Know What It Doesn't Know? Detecting
       | the Long-Tail of Unseen Conditions" -
       | https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.03829
       | 
       | I'm not affiliated with this work but I am building a company in
       | this area (because I'm excited). Company is in my profile.
        
       | siruva07 wrote:
       | Atmospheric Water Generators
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | Old tech.
       | 
       | New software development is 99% aimless churn.
       | 
       | We don't need more new tech. We need better applications of old
       | tech. There is _so much_ software that works perfectly fine
       | already. What's missing is connecting it to real world problems.
        
         | distortedsignal wrote:
         | As I've gotten more experience in tech, I came up with a saying
         | -
         | 
         | "Everything great was created in the '80s, and we've been
         | rediscovering those things every ten years since."
         | 
         | I'm not firm on "the '80s" - maybe this stuff is older than I
         | think - but I think the principle still holds. If it's a
         | problem today, somebody probably thought about it before, and
         | then others came around and wrapped things differently.
         | 
         | It's not BAD to wrap things differently, but the old stuff had
         | more of the sharp corners sanded off, and sometimes we lose
         | that battle-hardened aspect when we rewrite code.
         | 
         | Except for garbage collection/whatever is happening with memory
         | safety today. That's the good stuff.
        
           | Taylor_OD wrote:
           | Yup. Its so shocking when something "new" or at least that
           | feels new is actually created. I don't care about the
           | countless companies that will make it slightly easier for me
           | to get something from point a to point b.
           | 
           | I care a lot about companies that actually make something new
           | or popularize something that already existed but didnt have
           | widespread appeal.
        
             | swagtricker wrote:
             | Yeah. I remember looking at the Slack IPO and saying to
             | myself, "Your F'ing kidding me. They went public for doing
             | IRC channels in a web browser with emojis?!?!"
        
           | lumost wrote:
           | I tend to find that if there is a software idea, there are
           | good odds that someone once had it before and probably made
           | some code/prototype/paper/blog post/newspaper article on it.
           | 
           | However usually these systems didn't take off because they
           | were "before their time". There were cloud services in the
           | 80s - but PCs got faster and cheaper than internet speeds
           | could keep up. Client side apps looked better than cloud
           | apps. Similarly modern data centers, and cloud computing
           | primitives didn't exist so reliability was more miss than
           | hit.
           | 
           | Now the economics have turned and people need data shared
           | across multiple devices. Cloud services are the defacto
           | method of developing applications.
        
             | distortedsignal wrote:
             | Even as a different perspective to that - a lot of what
             | AWS/GCP/Azure are doing today, IBM was doing in the 80's
             | with Cobol and DB2 and a bunch of tech that people today
             | are just not interested in.
             | 
             | There's a post that I saw on HN a couple weeks ago[1]
             | talking about what an AWS Lambda service would look like in
             | Cobol and I was blown away. This is the stuff my dad used
             | to work on when he was fresh out of college, and I'm not
             | exactly a spring chicken (as evidenced by the fact that I
             | used the phrase "spring chicken")!
             | 
             | 1: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25989454, link to
             | article submitted for the lazy: https://developers.slashdot
             | .org/comments.pl?sid=18156250&cid...
        
         | throwaway0xa wrote:
         | Indeed. The amount of "new tech" around auth leaves me head
         | scratching. So many of the problems these start-up types are
         | trying to solve have been solved by something like a well
         | maintained Active Directory 10+ years ago.
         | 
         | Group permission, PAM, SSO, etc. It's like these developers
         | have never been exposed to Active Directory ever in their
         | life...
        
         | Robotbeat wrote:
         | Your post is about software, but it applies pretty well for
         | hardware.
         | 
         | Like looms.
         | 
         | Robotics is actually generally pretty slow. Regular (serial)
         | robot arms are usually significantly slower than a human arm.
         | Some parallel robots (ie where the motors are mostly stationary
         | and don't have to be waved around by other motors), like a
         | SCARA or Delta robot, can go about 2-3x the speed of a human,
         | but the difference isn't massive (60 vs 150 picks per minute?).
         | 
         | But looms are insane. Their task is simpler, but they can do
         | over 2000 picks per second (!). The yarn in air jet looms can
         | be moving over 200 mph. And even mechanical looms like Rapier
         | looms or projectile looms are super fast. The mechanisms are
         | also super advanced and hard to wrap your mind around.
         | Centuries of optimization of the first really good industrial
         | automation instance will do that, I suppose.
         | 
         | It makes me think we haven't reached a completely flat plateau
         | in mechanical development. Our robots today are actually pretty
         | primitive compared to where they could... where they really
         | _should_ be. It also shows just how hard I think a lot of
         | futurists have underestimated human mechanical capability.
         | Human dexterity and force density is crazy impressive. Humans
         | are actually super strong, fast, AND precise.
         | 
         | And hard automation like looms are also underestimated vs
         | "robot arms." Hard automation is so much more effective if you
         | can do it. Just robot arms aren't that great vs people
        
         | mey wrote:
         | Do you mean a better SMTP server or making a better* e-mail in
         | general? (As an example)
         | 
         | * Better in this case would be a fundamental design to prevent
         | spoofing, provide S2S encryption maybe E2E encryption, fixing
         | MIME typing issues, fixing Rich Text/HTML display, etc.
         | Basically an actually good faith replacement of e-mail instead
         | of a vendor co-opting.
        
           | networkimprov wrote:
           | There's TMTP, "a sane network protocol for email, to end
           | attacks and promote productivity."
           | 
           | https://mnmnotmail.org/
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/mnmnotmail
        
         | StreamBright wrote:
         | Amen. We need to walk back from convoluded and bloated software
         | to the era when every software was simple.
         | https://collapseos.org
        
         | xqyf wrote:
         | So why post in a thread that's implicitly about little-known or
         | emerging tech?
         | 
         | "The best under-the-radar car? It's a horse and buggy I tells
         | ya!" Every one of these posts on HN has to have a hot take
         | that's contrarian.
        
           | jl6 wrote:
           | I'm completely serious. There's a ton of very old boring
           | software that is still somehow little-known to some
           | developers. It's under the radar the way soil is under the
           | radar - hiding in plain sight, ignored by the folk looking to
           | the sky when the problem they actually have is how to grow
           | some plants.
           | 
           | I'm also genuinely excited that there is growing momentum
           | _away_ from software churn, because we're not going to solve
           | the complexity crisis with another framework.
        
         | simonswords82 wrote:
         | I kind of agree but I think I can be more specific.
         | 
         | We need to find more/better ways of integrating people with
         | tech.
         | 
         | Tech on its own is 10% of the solution. Integrating humans with
         | technology is underrated.
         | 
         | (I say this as the owner of various enterprise SaaS businesses
         | but I'm sure it applies in all aspects of software)
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | I think you just won this thread. Seriously, I agree very much
         | with your sentiment. The question isn't so much about the very
         | latest-and-greatest new technologies per-se, but rather about
         | the _applications_ of technologies that are quite often fairly
         | old. That 's not to say that there isn't really cool stuff just
         | over the horizon, but as you say, we really need better
         | applications more than more new tech.
         | 
         | And sometimes the tech we need is "out there" and has been for
         | a while, but just hasn't hit "critical mass" yet.
         | 
         | Take @kroltan's answer. I am also _extremely_ bullish on RDF,
         | Wikidata, and the like. But most of this stuff is pretty old
         | now, especially in  "Internet years". Which leads, of course,
         | to the question of where the line is between incremental
         | refinement of "old tech" and actual "new tech" as a discrete
         | thing.
        
         | rolandog wrote:
         | I've come to appreciate so many old FOSS tools that are
         | incredibly well built and thought of in their design.
         | 
         | Emacs and org-mode (and many things GNU) have started to make
         | more and more sense to me in this day and age.
        
         | vavooom wrote:
         | I agree with the concept that many industries still _rely on_
         | old technology that with a 10% improvement could already
         | surpass current  "advanced" implementations. A good example
         | being the Besides Tool Import Wizard that can scrape PDF data
         | with way more ease and simplicity than a manual implementation
         | with say Python. And that tool has been around for 20+ years!!
        
         | bob1029 wrote:
         | Not just old tech. But old tech made new again. Think about how
         | much server-side web hosting de-complicates websites. If you
         | had to start with a blank linux box, PHP is still one of the
         | fastest ways to get something with a shopping cart functional
         | to this very day. If you are into new-fangled shiny shit and
         | can't be bothered with old, proven tech, look no further than
         | Blazor Server for 99% of the same idea. But also way better
         | because you have C# 8.0 and one of the best IDEs + first-class
         | debugger support at your disposal.
         | 
         | In some circles, you might even be accused of being a boomer
         | for using SQL. I think a lot of developers are missing out on
         | just how much runway you can get out of SQL and libraries like
         | SQLite. You would also be missing out on one of the greatest
         | breakthroughs in the history of computer science with regard to
         | our ability to model problem domains and perform inhuman
         | queries against them with millisecond execution times. But hey,
         | maybe machine learning and mongodb are working for your shop.
         | 
         | The final thing a lot of people miss are old ideas. Put your
         | entire application on a _single_ server somewhere, and all of
         | its dependencies live in the same box. Optimize the vertical
         | before you rewrite for horizontal, because 99% of the time you
         | will go bankrupt before you get as big as Netflix so it wont
         | matter anyways. Plus, you would go bankrupt faster anyways by
         | chasing delusions of web-scale grandeur when you could have had
         | the MVP done 3 years ago with just a simple SQLite database
         | back-end and a T3a.micro. More likely than not you would have
         | discovered it was a bad idea to start with and could more
         | quickly move on to the actual thing you should have been
         | focusing on.
        
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