[HN Gopher] Amazon workers vote against unionizing in Alabama
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       Amazon workers vote against unionizing in Alabama
        
       Author : cwwc
       Score  : 422 points
       Date   : 2021-04-09 15:15 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wsj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wsj.com)
        
       | delecti wrote:
       | So, leaving aside why someone would or would not want to join a
       | union, why is this a majority vote? If 49% of a workforce wants
       | to unionize, why can't they?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | vidarh wrote:
         | They can, but members-only unions of the type most common in
         | e.g. Europe have mostly disappeared in the US after the
         | National Labour Relations Act 1935 made the current system
         | possible.
         | 
         | On one hand I can see why it was attractive for unions to push
         | for it, given how brutal anti-union efforts were in the US, but
         | it seems to over time have had the effect of making unions
         | focus on drives to win workplace by workplace and ignoring
         | places they don't see a chance of winning a full-on
         | unionisation vote.
        
         | moioci wrote:
         | Not a lawyer or organized labor person, but a favorable vote
         | would turn the warehouse into a "union shop," where the union
         | negotiates on behalf of everyone, member or not, with regard to
         | wages and working conditions and collects dues from everyone,
         | member or not. In my very limited experience, the union offers
         | some benefit like vision coverage to encourage people to join.
        
           | didgeoridoo wrote:
           | Mostly correct, although Alabama is a "right to work" state
           | which means you cannot be forced to join a union in order to
           | take a job. You may be compelled to pay "agency fees" which
           | are generally lower than full membership dues, though.
        
         | underseacables wrote:
         | Without force the unions can't exist. It's like a lot of things
         | with government involvement: Unless you are forced to do it,
         | many people, especially if money is involved, will eventually
         | decide not to. So in order for the union to survive and have
         | power they have to force everyone to join, everyone to pay, and
         | everyone submit to its system whether they like it or not. What
         | I see in this union vote is that people didn't want to give up
         | their autonomy to someone else. I think anything that asks
         | citizens to give up some kind of autonomy - especially now - is
         | going to incite people negatively.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | Unions operate on a voluntary membership only basis most
           | places, and plenty of countries with such systems have far
           | higher unionisation rates than the US.
        
             | tarquinpussy wrote:
             | For an American libertarian, fairy stories about how the
             | think the world _would_ work count for much more than
             | looking at how things actually work in other places.
        
           | tarquinpussy wrote:
           | I love how libertarians come in with this kind of fairy story
           | as if there aren't real world examples to look at. Here in
           | England nobody forces you to join a union, it's still
           | voluntary, and lots of people are members.
        
         | teawrecks wrote:
         | IANAL but my understand is that it's the difference between the
         | company being allowed to fire those individuals for not doing
         | what is asked of them, and being legally required to negotiate
         | with them.
        
       | intrasight wrote:
       | If (when) we have firing decisions made by AI, and anyone -
       | including senior managers and founders can be fired, I'll be
       | those folk would (will) take a difference stance on unions.
        
       | ipsocannibal wrote:
       | Archive link: https://archive.is/DZZay
        
       | redkoala wrote:
       | Unions don't always contribute to a better outcome for their
       | workers, and it looks like working conditions wasn't a strong
       | enough driver for the majority of the workers. It's hard to
       | motivate a vote for unions when Amazon pays double the federal
       | minimum wage.
        
         | noobermin wrote:
         | Perhaps but this ignores the million+ dollar campaign Amazon
         | leveraged to push people to vote no. It's not like it explains
         | all the vote but it's definitely a component.
        
           | musingsole wrote:
           | I have little expectation that a propaganda campaign could
           | meaningfully shift worker-voter perspectives for this
           | specific vote. They're working off of the old propaganda over
           | the past decades and their perspectives on the ground. The
           | recent ads and such we're seeing are about the greater
           | narrative and trying to set the stage for union-votes 5-10
           | years from now.
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | > Unions don't always contribute to a better outcome for their
         | workers
         | 
         | You can say this about anything.
         | 
         | Getting a job doesn't always contribute to a better outcome for
         | the unemployed.
         | 
         | Getting healthcare doesn't always contribute to better health
         | outcomes.
         | 
         | Getting housing after being homeless doesn't always lead to a
         | better life.
         | 
         | > It's hard to motivate a vote for unions when Amazon pays
         | double the federal minimum wage.
         | 
         | So many people repeating the same things over and over.
        
           | geodel wrote:
           | > So many people repeating the same things over and over.
           | 
           | So you can tell something new. I am not sure if blue collar
           | workers are looking for total revolution to overthrow this
           | capitalistic system.
        
           | jimbob45 wrote:
           | Yeah, but this is the problem with the current debate around
           | unions. Pro-union individuals aren't willing to say, "Unions
           | have some serious drawbacks" and anti-union individuals
           | aren't willing to say, "Unions solve some critical issues for
           | modern employees".
           | 
           | Instead, both sides (rightfully) call each other out on their
           | biases and no voter feels able to trust either side.
        
             | kethinov wrote:
             | That's a false dichotomy. The solution to a badly run union
             | is to run it better, not dissolve it and surrender all your
             | power to your boss, just as the solution to a badly run
             | republic is to elect better leaders, not abandon democracy
             | and go back to the bad old days of monarchy. Unions are
             | workplace democracy. Opposing them is by definition
             | supporting workplace monarchy.
        
               | lawnchair_larry wrote:
               | This is extremely ideological to the point of simply
               | being untrue. The best outcome for everyone is no union
               | and a supportive employer that gives you a fair deal so
               | you don't want one. Unions are a huge tradeoff and better
               | as a last resort.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | "The best outcome is no democracy and a benevolent king
               | that gives you a fair deal so you don't want elections.
               | Democracy has huge tradeoffs and is better only as a last
               | resort."
               | 
               | You're right. It's ideological. And you're on the wrong
               | side of it.
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | > The best outcome for everyone
               | 
               | You state it as if it is somehow obvious, but really need
               | to show your work here.
               | 
               | If it is just some reductionist claim about not having a
               | third party consuming resources, that's almost too silly
               | to respond to. But if you also want to forbid employers
               | from hiring lawyers, at least you'd then be consistent.
        
               | 8fGTBjZxBcHq wrote:
               | I don't see how "you should just hope for an employer who
               | is benevolent in spite of every possible economic
               | incentive otherwise" is less idealogically motivated.
               | 
               | But anyway yes in my case it is idealogical and I won't
               | dispute that at all. Anything that reduces the power of
               | companies or increases the power of works is something I
               | favor regardless of political practicality.
        
               | slantedview wrote:
               | > The best outcome for everyone is no union and a
               | supportive employer that gives you a fair deal so you
               | don't want one
               | 
               | This is extreme wishful thinking. The very nature of
               | corporations like Amazon is in conflict with giving
               | workers a "fair deal". Thus, exploitative labor practices
               | exist.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | I don't think the debate is over whether there has ever
             | been any benefit or downside from any union, but rather
             | what the _expected net benefit or downside_ is from any
             | given union, and perhaps even more importantly, what rights
             | union organizers, union opponents, and workers ought to
             | have.
             | 
             | I think it's pretty silly to quibble over whether someone
             | will answer gotcha questions like "can you name one
             | good/bad thing that has ever happened in a unionized/non-
             | unionized workplace." That's just not relevant.
        
               | jimbob45 wrote:
               | I'm not talking about whether or not unions are
               | objectively good or bad. I'm talking about perception. If
               | one side is attempting to withhold facts are that obvious
               | and self-evident, then no one is going to trust that side
               | even if they're objectively right.
               | 
               | Consider Obamacare. Objectively, it was an awesome law
               | that covered millions of previously uninsured Americans.
               | However, it was a PR disaster because people were told
               | they could keep their plans and their premiums wouldn't
               | increase. Because of how impossible it was to lie about
               | those two things and because the Obama administration
               | lied about them anyway, people greatly distrusted
               | Obamacare, even though most of them actually liked the
               | law and its outcomes.
               | 
               | Similarly, if a worker is told by a pro-union advocate
               | that no one will lose their job with a union but that
               | worker also readily sees that many workers lose their
               | jobs when unions cause companies to collapse, that worker
               | is going to feel lied to despite knowing that union
               | membership is probably in their best interests.
        
         | mjfl wrote:
         | A lot of unions ended up being just another means for the mafia
         | to steal from the poor, skimming off the top of pensions funds
         | and the like. Similar corruption exists today. It is
         | inevitable.
        
           | objclxt wrote:
           | > Similar corruption exists today. It is inevitable.
           | 
           | OK, so if it's inevitably why hasn't this happened to the
           | creative unions in Hollywood like SAG, WGA, the DGA, and the
           | PGA?
        
             | musingsole wrote:
             | Are...are you holding up Hollywood as an example of pure,
             | legal employee protections? You know, the industry largely
             | stood up by largescale money laundering schemes?
        
           | atat7024 wrote:
           | Which shark do you trust to protect you?
        
             | jhbadger wrote:
             | The one you can vote for leadership. Unions are imperfect,
             | but they are democracies. Corporations on the other hand
             | are feudal. You don't get to vote Bezos into power as a
             | worker -- he's just the lord of the manor. Some nobles are
             | good and some nobles are bad, but the serfs have no say.
        
               | lawnchair_larry wrote:
               | I hate how the term privilege is thrown around these
               | days, but man, this bizarre narrative reeks of privilege
               | and some marxist fantasy.
               | 
               | Bezos is in his position because of his competency. He
               | built the thing. Democracy is not a virtue in a
               | workplace.
        
               | jhbadger wrote:
               | When people say a CEO "built" their company, I'm reminded
               | of when people say the Pharoh Kufu "built" the Great
               | Pyramid. It kind of ignores the people who did the actual
               | work.
               | 
               | He's the CEO because he had a lot of money from Wall
               | Street and could hire his staff. He was never tested on
               | his competency. The real world is not a meritocracy.
        
               | warkdarrior wrote:
               | > [Bezos] was never tested on his competency.
               | 
               | This is extremely naive. There are lots of failed CEOs
               | and failed companies. Amazon survived AND grew over 20
               | years while actively fighting off competition from
               | Walmart, Google, etc.
        
               | jhbadger wrote:
               | But luck is a major factor in this. If in ten years,
               | Amazon tanks, history will say Bezos was a bad CEO. There
               | is never a real demonstration that skill is involved.
               | Some companies win and some companies lose.
        
               | mjfl wrote:
               | In 10 years it's more likely that the US govt will
               | declare bankruptcy than Amazon.
        
               | mjfl wrote:
               | The employees of Amazon have never been slaves and the
               | comparison is disingenuous. Saying he was never tested on
               | his competency is ridiculous. There were literally
               | millions of people in the USA richer than Bezos at the
               | time he started Amazon. There are many people on Wall
               | Street who were *orders of magnitude* richer than Bezos
               | that tried to start internet companies that crashed and
               | burned.
        
               | koshnaranek wrote:
               | These laws and regulations developed not just randomly
               | but because corporations treated workers almost like
               | slaves.
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | > but they are democracies
               | 
               | I really don't like democracy mixing with my business.
               | It's the best, terrible system we have for when we have
               | no other choice but to come to a mutual decision. But it
               | really should be your last option.
        
               | claudiawerner wrote:
               | I'm not sure why it should be my last option. There are
               | several problems with autocratic leadership, one of which
               | is that many times, the whims of the autocrat are
               | fundamentally at odds with the good of the people he
               | manages.
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | Many times, maybe, but I suppose I'm arguing it's a
               | corner case.
               | 
               | Perhaps that those power structures are so natural to us
               | implies just how successful they've been in our history.
               | And not in the sense that fear is a good motivator, but
               | because the reality is that most principals aren't all
               | that far removed from their agents.
        
       | zenron wrote:
       | Why are people in comments treating Bessemer as small town
       | America. It is a part of the greater Birmingham area and Job
       | opportunities abound. It's 10 or 15 minutes from
       | Healthcare/Banking center clad Birmingham. If you can stomach the
       | crime between Bessemer and parts of Hueytown, you can make an
       | absolute boat load of money. I live like 15 minutes from Bessemer
       | myself and have had to go there or through there many times.
        
         | sb057 wrote:
         | >It's 10 or 15 minutes from Healthcare/Banking center clad
         | Birmingham.
         | 
         | Notoriously easy industries for the working class poor to get
         | into.
        
       | aarongray wrote:
       | Speaking as someone who lives adjacent to Bessemer but who does
       | not work at Amazon, you need to understand that Bessemer is a
       | dying city, a slum. These were the best paying jobs that many of
       | these workers had had in their entire lives, it is no wonder that
       | a majority of them decided not to bite the hand that was feeding
       | them.
        
         | slantedview wrote:
         | > These were the best paying jobs that many of these workers
         | had had in their entire lives
         | 
         | Until they get hurt on the job and Amazon fires them for
         | failure to show up to work:
         | 
         | https://revealnews.org/article/how-amazon-hid-its-safety-cri...
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | I had a feeling most people were looking at this as a vote for
         | yes is a vote to close the warehouse. They would never see the
         | benefit of the union because Amazon would just close the whole
         | place down before they let other distribution centers see what
         | a union can do.
        
         | dTal wrote:
         | Perhaps they read the cautionary tale of "Why there is no
         | moloch13":
         | 
         | https://everything2.com/title/Why+there+is+no+moloch13
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | Amazon moving into these impovershed areas, becoming the
         | majority employer, and having absolute influence over the local
         | governance and electorate they themselves employ makes these
         | places _de facto_ a company town. Brilliant move, totally evil
         | genius move, but brilliant.
        
           | musingsole wrote:
           | Carpetbaggers carpetbagging is a story as old as time. At
           | least they're creating jobs and distributing money into the
           | community. It's not like there's a long list of others who
           | would willingly pick up the slack if they went elsewhere.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | So let me get this straight: companies _shouldn 't_ be
           | investing money into revitalizing impoverished areas?
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | It's complicated. When you're the only game in town you
             | enter an ethical gray area where the community is your
             | hostage. Things seem alright now but what happens when the
             | mines run dry?
        
             | akira2501 wrote:
             | > companies shouldn't be investing money into revitalizing
             | impoverished areas?
             | 
             | Isn't that what taxes are for?
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | Where do you think taxes come from?
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > So let me get this straight: companies shouldn't be
             | investing money into revitalizing impoverished areas?
             | 
             | No, they should do so, just not be so exploitative about it
             | (e.g. deliberately going into areas full of desperate
             | people, for the reason of using that desperation to exert
             | maximum control with minimum accountability).
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | The lowest paid person at Amazon is earning _well_ over
               | the median wage in Bessemer, Alabama.
               | 
               | Amazon could probably have no problem staffing the center
               | at $11/hr there, but they're paying $18-$22 instead. How
               | on earth can you define that as 'exploitation'? It's
               | borderline charity, given the observable labor market
               | equilibrium there.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Is the lowest Amazon job as easy and safe as the below
               | median jobs in Bessemer?
               | 
               | Speedwalking an Amazon warehouse carrying objects, run by
               | hyper-optimizing automation that times tasks to the
               | second, is different from leaning on idle cash register
               | at McDonalds, or slowly pushing a vacuum cleaner.
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | Paying someone more money does not make working
               | conditions less exploitative.
        
               | mariksolo wrote:
               | So your issue is specifically with the mindset of the
               | company, not the actions themselves? Why would a company
               | ever do anything out of the goodness of their hearts?
               | Shouldn't we just be looking at the result of them
               | following market incentives?
        
               | praptak wrote:
               | Of course companies don't do anything out of the goodness
               | of their hearts. Companies will do as much evil as they
               | are allowed to and as much good as they are forced to.
               | 
               | The society should act accordingly.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | This assumes that everything that is benefits a company
               | is evil and everything that hurts a company is good.
               | 
               | Luckily, this isn't true. There are absolutely areas
               | where companies can do good and profit. Moving good jobs
               | into a blighted area is a classic example of a win-win.
               | The company gets low wages, and residents get some of the
               | best jobs they have access to.
        
               | mariksolo wrote:
               | You're missing my point on purpose.
               | 
               | I am trying to say there is a contradiction in what you
               | are saying. You claim to want companies to move into
               | impoverished areas, but also say doing that is evil. No
               | company has ever moved into an impoverished area to help
               | people, they have always done so out of self interest.
               | 
               | So which do you want, companies to move into impoverished
               | areas (acting evil), or not (acting good, according to
               | you).
        
               | praptak wrote:
               | I want strong labor protection laws everywhere, so that
               | poor regions don't have to compete on allowing companies
               | to exploit the local workforce.
        
               | awillen wrote:
               | Like a $15 minimum wage? The one Amazon is paying?
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | And paying for time spent in security checkpoints, and
               | not counting "walking from workstation to break room" as
               | break time, and compensation for workplace injuries.
        
               | mariksolo wrote:
               | You've completely changed the direction of the argument.
        
               | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
               | So, I think I mostly agree with your stances here, but I
               | take major issue with this:
               | 
               | > Why would a company ever do anything out of the
               | goodness of their hearts?
               | 
               | Because a company is made of people. I won't fault a
               | company for following market incentives, but questions
               | like yours sometimes imply that a company _shouldn 't_ do
               | anything out of the goodness of their heart. Then you get
               | people saying stuff like the company's goal must be to
               | maximize shareholder value and stuff, and getting angry
               | when a company does something out of the goodness of
               | their hearts, which I take issue with. <end rant>
        
               | mariksolo wrote:
               | You're right, I could have phrased it better.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Have you ever shopped around for lower pricing? The
               | collective population of the world does this when we
               | chose to purchase things for cheaper prices made in
               | countries with more lax environmental and labor laws.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Have you ever shopped around for lower pricing?
               | 
               | It's one thing to shop for a lower price, it's quite
               | another to notice someone's desperate and take advantage.
               | 
               | > The collective population of the world does this when
               | we chose to purchase things for cheaper prices made in
               | countries with more lax environmental and labor laws.
               | 
               | An a lot of people object to that, too, and they often
               | lack the power to make any other decision.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | When you shop around for price you are shopping around
               | for someone to exploit with the lower price. There is no
               | difference, zero sum, if you get a product for less,
               | somewhere in the world someone got less money.
        
             | clevergadget wrote:
             | intentionally missing the point about the amount of control
             | in the hands of unelected management but ok kid
        
           | snarf21 wrote:
           | The way to solve this is with Federal worker's rights reforms
           | specifically around working conditions. It is hard to see
           | that happening with the government very pro-corporation right
           | now.
        
           | johncessna wrote:
           | That's what they did in Seattle.
        
           | galkk wrote:
           | Amazon is situated in Seattle, and the incompetence and
           | corruption of goverment here is well-known.
           | 
           | I wouldn't search for evil intent in those moves.
        
         | MattGaiser wrote:
         | One person earning $15 Amazon in Bessemer is solidly middle
         | class for that town.
         | 
         | https://247wallst.com/special-report/2019/07/22/worst-cities...
        
           | temp8964 wrote:
           | Imagining a federal $15 minimum wage will easily level up
           | everyone in the town to middle class... (sarcasm)
        
           | TurkishPoptart wrote:
           | Rightly so, but the issue is that the conditions pertaining
           | to work in an Amazon warehouse do not lend themselves to
           | being the kind of work one can do for decades+. People burn
           | out, their legs grow week, and they get no insurance benefits
           | for physical therapy, and that sort of thing. It's just not a
           | sustainable job for most people, sadly.
        
             | khc wrote:
             | is it different from manufacturing work or work in service
             | industry?
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | Amazon is infamous for absolutely driving their warehouse
               | employees into the ground.
               | 
               | I suspect manufacturing is somewhat less casual about
               | their employees' health because much of it is unionized,
               | and training is more difficult. Warehouse workers are
               | considered disposable.
               | 
               | And the service industry is light years easier than
               | warehouse work, at least based on my time in both.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | bradj wrote:
           | Just as comparison, an entry level firefighter in Bessemer
           | makes about $12/hour starting out.
           | https://www.pbjcal.org/documents/salary/03BS/firefighter.pdf
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | "It Is Difficult to Get a Man to Understand Something When His
         | Salary Depends Upon His Not Understanding It" - Upton Sinclair
        
         | KKKKkkkk1 wrote:
         | If Amazon is a monopsonist in the labor market, it's crazy not
         | to unionize.
        
         | lmilcin wrote:
         | I wonder how much of this is strategy.
         | 
         | Find a dying city with huge unemployment. No problem finding
         | workers for a factory where most employees don't require
         | anything more than ability to walk and read.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | That's a complicated way of saying "open shop where labor is
           | cheap".
           | 
           | This why we need national and international coordination on
           | minimum wage and minimum work environment laws.
        
             | lmilcin wrote:
             | I think Amazon fulfillment centers are a special case. Most
             | people working there either move packages around or drive a
             | truck. At least that is my understanding, somebody with
             | better/first hand knowledge would be welcome to share.
             | 
             | Normally having a huge employer would be a boon to the
             | city, but most of these people are going to be working for
             | close to minimum wage and Amazon most likely negotiated
             | with the city so they don't have to pay a dime.
        
         | ystad wrote:
         | It's exploitation- people are attracted by $15/hour work.
         | Unfortunately, the work in unsustainable on your body.
         | Eventually you go on disability. This seems to be biggest
         | complaint [1]
         | 
         | 1 - https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/feb/05/amazon-
         | wo...
        
         | fredstarr wrote:
         | Reasonable point of view. However, have you asked why Bessemer
         | is a dying city and/or a slum? Was it always a slum? Were there
         | no businesses there since it was founded and incorporated?
         | 
         | And if it was such a hell hole, why did Amazon choose to open a
         | warehouse there? Out of the goodness of their hearts? We need
         | to ask questions as to why Amazon had to become a "savior" for
         | the City of Bessemer. Not just focusing on effects but looking
         | into causes too!
        
           | JMTQp8lwXL wrote:
           | Bessemer appears to be in the outskirts of Birmingham. Seems
           | like a reasonable place to put a fulfillment center: land is
           | cheaper than somewhere more central (but a warehouse doesn't
           | need to be located on expensive, high demand, centrally
           | located land). It's also probably a reasonable commute
           | distance for many in the Birmingham metro area.
        
         | stefan_ wrote:
         | All the while, the hand was spending many multiples of their
         | yearly income on telling them all the things they would have to
         | go without when paying $500 in dues yearly.
         | 
         | America is utterly rotten.
        
           | anchpop wrote:
           | Are you saying the campaign cost multiples of their yearly
           | labor expenditure, or the whole plan multiples of the yearly
           | pay for one employee? If it's the latter I don't see how it
           | makes them rotten. That's an incredibly small expenditure,
           | much less than would be paid in dues for instance
        
         | JMTQp8lwXL wrote:
         | What exactly would the retribution from Amazon look like, had
         | this passed? They can't pick up the fulfillment center and move
         | it somewhere else (without inconvenience, time, and expense, of
         | course). They will need workers willing to travel to Bessemer
         | for work, which presumably are people who live near or adjacent
         | to Bessemer.
        
           | slantedview wrote:
           | You're right, but obviously the fear of retribution was
           | enough to influence the vote.
        
           | sct202 wrote:
           | They could suck up the losses of closing a 1 year old
           | warehouse to send a signal. Walmart has claimed unfixable
           | plumbing problems at union stores and closed them in the
           | past.
        
             | psds2 wrote:
             | They also stopped selling fresh meat through a butcher
             | window all across the US when the butchers unionized.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | If in their judgment, it became not in their best
               | interests economically for them to continue doing it,
               | what else would have them do?
        
         | kodah wrote:
         | I've lived periods of life in different cultures, income
         | levels, etc... It's interesting how people see things in such a
         | binary sense (eg: x is good while y is bad, universally).
         | Everyone does it and it presents itself differently in each
         | perspective, but it's been an interesting watch.
         | 
         | As I've grown older I've tried to resist the urge to marry
         | myself to these stark beliefs. Following this thread there's a
         | lot of good information on what those competing perspectives
         | actually entail. In my current area, which is mostly liberals
         | of varying degrees, unions are almost universally championed.
         | If you ask about the downsides or present an example of how
         | they can be bad you can face people who think you're some kind
         | of oppressor, or that you _must_ be conservative. Where I 'm
         | from, which is mostly various flavors of conservativism the
         | mention of unions causes similar outrage but in the other
         | direction. If you mention how a union _could be_ useful or
         | various implementations that are non-stock (such as unions that
         | don 't try to practice authoritarian control over pay and just
         | maintain representation for working conditions) then you'll be
         | demonized for being a socialist. I used to think, "these are
         | bad people of varying variety" but I've come to understand
         | they're just people without experience in each other's
         | geography and problem set, so it becomes easier to speak
         | dogmatically.
         | 
         | Sometimes a union can be good, sometimes it can be bad,
         | sometimes it's a bit of both pending nuance and implementation
         | details, but at the end of the day this is a truth: the only
         | people whose opinion matters is the people whose lives it will
         | directly affect.
        
           | FredPret wrote:
           | Ah, nuanced centrism. The golden midway. This is where
           | progress is made.
        
         | Diederich wrote:
         | Wow, you're not kidding.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessemer,_Alabama#Economy
         | 
         | "Crime increased following the rise in unemployment and social
         | disruption from the decline of manufacturing industries in the
         | area. As of 2019 Bessemer ranks first in terms of violent
         | crimes for US cities with 25,000 or more people."
         | 
         | Population has fallen from its peak in 1970 of 33k to 26k
         | today.
         | 
         | Thanks for the reference.
         | 
         | EDIT: Also home to the world's oldest chicken, who lived 16
         | years: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matilda_(chicken)
        
           | kryogen1c wrote:
           | > Also home to the world's oldest chicken, who lived 16 years
           | 
           |  _frowns in Colorado_
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_the_Headless_Chicken
        
             | Bluestein wrote:
             | I hereby humbly move to make Matilda the Chicken (or Mike,
             | the Headless) the oficial Amazon mascot. Votes welcome :)
             | Funny enough, I have no heavenly idea how, I had actually
             | run into the article on poor Mike before.-
             | Further edit: Come to think, poor Mike the "headless" would
             | be a great mascot for -at least- AWS, for obvious, ssh-
             | related reasons :)
        
           | FearlessNebula wrote:
           | I'm stupid, but why does unemployment cause violent crime?
        
             | lsiebert wrote:
             | When people don't have legally acquired money to exchange
             | for things they need like food, they turn to other means to
             | acquire those things.
             | 
             | Also when people believe that they can't, by legal and
             | socially acceptable means, thrive, their belief in the
             | current social order is undermined. A lot of society
             | operates on trust in fundamental fairness; for people who
             | find that life is fundamentally unfair, that trust is
             | eroded, sometimes permanently.
        
             | fooey wrote:
             | Hungry people don't just quietly starve to death,
             | especially if they have other people depending on them.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | Are you asking why people who have run out of money might
             | turn to stealing? Even if you are trying to be nonviolent a
             | life of crime is hard and eventually you'll find yourself
             | in a situation where you have to use violence because there
             | is nothing else to turn to. You certainly can't go to the
             | cops.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | Plus, once you have a felony on your record, your job
               | prospects go to absolute shit, so it's hard to avoid
               | crime as a way to survive.
        
             | zwkrt wrote:
             | You're not stupid you've just never had to deal with a real
             | actual problem in your life.
             | 
             | Unemployment is a cause of or certainly concomitant with
             | having very high stress and a very poor outlook on the
             | future. In a town like Bessemer the thought process is
             | something like "I don't have a job, I'm not going to get
             | one, I have no money, and this situation is not going to
             | change." And it's not just you thinking this, you see your
             | friends and family having the same problems. You reach out
             | for help but after a while the good graces of others run
             | out. So do unemployment checks.
             | 
             | After a few months you get evicted, so no one else will
             | rent to you, and you are either homeless or at least not in
             | control of your living situation. A slum lord may be
             | involved. The food bank (which was already not a great
             | source of food) is now useless since you need a kitchen to
             | make most of the raw supplies they hand out.
             | 
             | The stress and pressure to take care of ones self and ones
             | family under these conditions often leads so serious mental
             | health issues, drug use, and domestic violence. For some it
             | leads to other crimes like stealing, mostly stealing food
             | or stealing things to buy food and drugs. You see your
             | friends falling victim to these issues, getting arrested,
             | dying of exposure, or losing themselves to mental illness.
             | Prospects don't look good.
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | No way out either. In a literal sense. There's no
               | national program for helping people relocate to areas
               | where they can have a meaningful job, a home that's
               | affordable to OWN, and hopefully also community as a
               | result. I'm NOT saying it should be forced, I'm saying it
               | should be an option.
        
               | LeifCarrotson wrote:
               | There have been plenty of attempts to do so...but if you
               | thought cache invalidation was a hard problem, welcome to
               | sociology.
               | 
               | One of the most infamous is/was New York City's SOTA
               | program [1], which attempted to relocate and provide one
               | year's rent for people from NYC's shelters. They
               | basically shipped families and individuals out of state
               | to other cities, hoping they'd find a job and affordable
               | housing there. NYC is an economic powerhouse if you're
               | credentialed and high enough on the treadmill to make it
               | work, but not an area you want to start out with nothing;
               | you can imagine that someone had the bright idea that
               | there are cheap houses and entry-level manufacturing jobs
               | in other growing cities, someone homeless and jobless
               | might have a better chance of integrating into society
               | than panhandling on Wall St.
               | 
               | The program met with outrage from the destination cities
               | whenever anyone (utterly broke, with a history of
               | homelessness, with no local family or connections...the
               | program worked for some but did not for others) ended up
               | in trouble and the locals found out they'd come from NYC.
               | Turns out a lot of people would rather have their bright
               | and bustling new-money "innovation hubs" and "tech
               | corridors" unsullied by undesirables from dying cities.
               | 
               | It's one thing to turn a saloon and general store into a
               | quaint Old West ghost town when the gold mine runs out.
               | It's another to turn dying cities that once had
               | populations of millions working in bustling industries of
               | rail, coal, steel, or automotive manufacturing (like
               | Bessemer, named after the inventor of the Bessemer steel
               | converter, or other cities like St Louis, Detroit,
               | Cleveland, Gary, Flint, Dayton, etc.) into not just the
               | current Rust Belt cities but an enormous ghost
               | metropolis.
               | 
               | 1: https://www1.nyc.gov/site/hra/help/sota.page
        
               | bsanr2 wrote:
               | No national program to build where people are, either.
               | Which is a shame, because we're the country that built
               | the Interstate Highway System, and a national rail system
               | before it. The truth is that the hyper-local nature of
               | our politics leads to disparity as much as it does
               | prosperity, and the two often go hand-in-hand. There are
               | too many rich towns filled with professionals and
               | managers with a nearby slum that supplies all of the
               | menial and service labor, but we're probably not ready to
               | talk about what the remedy to that looks like, and I'm
               | not certain we ever will be.
        
               | zenron wrote:
               | I think you may be projecting here. There are
               | millionaires living in Bessemer. Bessemer is right next
               | to down town Birmingham, Hoover, Homewood, Fultondale,
               | Gardendale, Chelsea and a not too long drive from
               | Tuscaloosa. There is so much money here for most
               | industries. The cost of living in the GBA isn't much at
               | all especially north on I65. Also, while it is true
               | Bessemer is more or less impoverished in the city it has
               | some really beautiful outskirts. People who live there
               | absolutely do not have to work there.
        
               | cheeze wrote:
               | > you've just never had to deal with a real actual
               | problem in your life
               | 
               | I don't follow how you made that assumption about OP of
               | the comment
        
               | NikolaNovak wrote:
               | Meh; a bit patronizing but I get the point he was trying
               | to make quickly and succinctly - problems are relative;
               | somebody who's been close to a desperate situation WILL
               | have much more of an intuitive/experiential understanding
               | of the issue, options, temptations, emotions, constraints
               | involved.
               | 
               | (noting there's a difference between "I'm a student
               | living with parents, I'd like a job but can't get one so
               | I'm unemployed" and "I have 3 kids and a sickly partner
               | and I'm overdue on rent and I'm unemployed and I have no
               | social/family safety net")
               | 
               | I wouldn't call it "not having a real actual problem" -
               | again, it's relative and so on; but a charitable read as
               | "never been on brink of famine/poverty" may be a good
               | interpretation?
        
               | relaxing wrote:
               | You wouldn't ask that question if you had.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | But that's still rudely assuming that there is only one
               | kind of " real actual problem in your life", meaning =
               | problem with money and/or unemployment.
               | 
               | Is having to make a decision to take your child off life
               | support a "real actual problem in your life"? How about
               | being told that your visa won't be renewed and you have
               | to leave your entire life, job, friends and family behind
               | and move somewhere else? Is that a "real actual problem
               | in your life"? How about a cancer diagnosis? A cheating
               | spouse?
               | 
               | Not all "real actual problems" in life have to be related
               | to money - you can have plenty of it and still be in an
               | extremely difficult and distressing situation in your
               | life, which won't naturally lead to increase in
               | violence(cancer diagnosis is probably one of the worst
               | events you can have in your life and yet I cannot imagine
               | it's corellated to increase in violence rates at all). I
               | frankly also find the attitude of the previous poster to
               | be condescening and jugemental.
        
               | croh wrote:
               | Agree with you. Real hard time starts when you lose REAL
               | hope about future.
        
             | annoyingnoob wrote:
             | Starve your self for a week. Hunger will make you do things
             | you never thought you would/could do.
        
             | soledades wrote:
             | Unemployment -> desperation -> crime
        
               | natchy wrote:
               | True, also add extra time on your hands. Poverty +
               | boredom.
        
               | chad_strategic wrote:
               | Unemployment -> desperation = Revolution or Riots or
               | Crime or Terrorism
        
             | markdown wrote:
             | It doesn't in developed countries, because they have a
             | strong social safety net.
             | 
             | But in countries going through late stage capitalism, if
             | you don't have a job, you have to rob your neighbour to
             | eat.
        
             | yardie wrote:
             | Unemployment itself doesn't cause crime, but unemployment
             | and a weak social safety net will definitely cause crime.
             | I've lived in Western Europe countries with absurdly high
             | unemployment rates, to this American, >10%, 25% youth, and
             | I never felt unsafe, mostly. You got a stipend, subsidized
             | housing, and job training.
             | 
             | But in the US, unemployment, desperation, and easy access
             | to firearms can be a big problem.
             | 
             | BTW, I'm still shocked by the casualness of people who
             | threaten to shoot me. Or like to show they are armed in an
             | attempt to intimidate me.
        
               | dcolkitt wrote:
               | Except there are two problems with this theory. One
               | unemployment is just as correlated with crimes of passion
               | as it is crimes of opportunity. There's no reason why a
               | lack of job training should lead to rape.
               | 
               | Two is that America's high crime rates well preceded the
               | advent of the modern welfare state. New York had much
               | higher crime than London even in the 19th century at the
               | height of Victorian social Darwinism and Dickensian work
               | houses. If anything the disparity has actually
               | _decreased_ in the post war period.
               | 
               | The short answer is America, and in fact the Western
               | Hemisphere in general, is just a much more violent
               | society at its roots than the Old World.
        
               | curryst wrote:
               | > One unemployment is just as correlated with crimes of
               | passion as it is crimes of opportunity. There's no reason
               | why a lack of job training should lead to rape.
               | 
               | I think there is a clear reason: nihilism and depression.
               | If you have resigned yourself to being unemployed and
               | impoverished forever, what difference does it make
               | whether you're in jail or not? It's the same reason we
               | argue that jailing the homeless is pointless. They don't
               | care; life in prison might even be better in terms of
               | quality of life. Sure, there's less freedom, but the
               | poorer you are, the less the delta in freedom is. You
               | don't have access to a lot of the freedom that
               | financially healthy people have to begin with. Jailing
               | them is like trying to drown a fish. We don't have any
               | functional punishments for people who don't care about
               | their life (I'm not advocating that we try to invent
               | some).
               | 
               | You mentioned rape specifically. The prevailing theory
               | afaik is that rape is about control over someone else
               | rather than sexual gratification. There are plenty of
               | ways to have sex; the floor on sex worker prices is
               | shockingly low. Doubly so in extremely poor areas. It's
               | not shocking to me that people with almost no control
               | over their lives would lash out in ways that grant them
               | control, or at least a feeling of control. If you're poor
               | and have no safety net, you have little control over your
               | housing (can't afford to move), your job (don't have a
               | rainy day fund to tell your boss to fuck off), your food
               | (you eat what's cheap, or what the food bank will give
               | you), your money (you're lucky if you even have enough to
               | pay bills, much less have money left over that you can
               | pick what to do with), etc. Your life becomes a constant
               | chain of being shunted around and manipulated by people
               | who do have money.
               | 
               | Crimes of opportunity are an attempt to lift yourself out
               | of poverty. Crimes of passion are an attempt to cope with
               | the struggles of living a life that you have almost no
               | control over.
               | 
               | I'm not attempting to absolve anyone of responsibility
               | for their actions, but I can see how someone would make
               | that choice.
               | 
               | Also, suicide is an act of passion, and it's highly
               | correlated with unemployment.
        
               | antonf wrote:
               | > much more violent society at its roots than the Old
               | World
               | 
               | I am originally from Russia, but live in US. I actually
               | feel safer in US than in Russia.
               | 
               | It is far easier to get assaulted as result of road rage
               | or because somebody don't like how you dress in Russia.
               | Hopefully Russia have stricter gun laws, so it's less
               | lethal.
        
               | squidlogic wrote:
               | As a US native I've never had someone threaten to shoot
               | me or show me they were armed to intimidate me. I'm not
               | exactly living a sheltered life either.
               | 
               | I have a few questions, sorry if this sounds like a lot
               | I'm just really curious.
               | 
               | What city are you in where this happens? What are you
               | doing to provoke this kind of behavior? Why haven't you
               | moved away to somewhere safer?
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | I have. Seattle. I was mugged by 3 armed teenage
               | hoodlums. It was a long time ago, but I still have a bad
               | reaction when people come up behind me.
        
               | mattlondon wrote:
               | In my experience it happens a fair bit at the long, long,
               | long immigration lines at US air ports if you are not a
               | US citizen. Guards fondling their gun holster and
               | shouting at people for using a phone or sitting on the
               | floor after queuing for 3 or 4 hours. Welcome to America.
               | I guess you don't experience this if you are a US native.
               | 
               | And also obviously it happens frequently in SF from the
               | homeless people. That is probably more worrying as they
               | potentially have "nothing to lose"
        
               | BrandoElFollito wrote:
               | I have traveled extensively to the US (I am French),
               | probably 10+ times a year. The way people are "welcomed"
               | to the US is horrible - I felt like this only in Russia.
               | 
               | Once the border officer asked me (or rather - barked at
               | me) "why are you coming to the US?", to what I said "for
               | business".
               | 
               | "For how long?" - to what I answered "for 3 days"
               | 
               | He then asks "why so short?" to what I answered "I swear
               | if I could squeeze it to one day I would gladly come and
               | go not to spend money in a country that is so welcoming"
               | (it was a very long, tiring flight and I really wanted to
               | go to the hotel, afer having queued up for 2 hours)
               | 
               | He told me that I should not reply like this, to what I
               | said that this is the truth. We had a small staring
               | contest and he let me go.
               | 
               | The other similar case in Russia was when the border
               | guard was yelling at me for not having my passport number
               | printed on my ticket (yes, I do not know either), to
               | which I yelled back to kick me out of their country with
               | a "never return" stamp because I am fed up enough to have
               | a week-end ruined with tha travel. I showed him my hands
               | together (as in "handcuff me") and he pushed me into
               | Russia. The stay was great, people were great.
        
               | lhorie wrote:
               | Had a strange experience in my last entry into the US
               | myself. I have a Canadian passport, but have a US green
               | card.
               | 
               | Officer (in a rather rude tone): "what were you doing in
               | Canada?"
               | 
               | Me (sleepy and a bit disoriented): "sorry?"
               | 
               | Officer (suddenly seems to realize that he has my green
               | card in front of him): "Never mind, you're good to go"
               | 
               | My best guess is that he was just too conditioned to
               | grasp at straws for reasons to give people a hard time,
               | until realizing he couldn't deny entry to a green card
               | holder.
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | > "I swear if I could squeeze it to one day I would
               | gladly come and go not to spend money in a country that
               | is so welcoming"
               | 
               | This is what greeted my family every time we came to the
               | US. Which fucked up ICE agent will we get this time? Most
               | of them were pleasant but it only takes 1 asshole in the
               | bunch to ruin a great holiday.
               | 
               | And no matter what they say, Canada's ICE weren't much
               | better.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | Yeah, I (as a US immigrant) personally had way more
               | problems with Canadian ICE than the US one.
               | 
               | Semi-relevant anecdote: I was traveling in my car with my
               | mom and sister to Vancouver BC from Seattle (back when I
               | was not a US citizen yet). Canadian officer at the border
               | was more than just inquisitive. He asked who i was, where
               | i worked, which team i worked on, what specific product I
               | worked on and what specifically I did (which was already
               | making me feel uncomfortable, because the product wasn't
               | public back then, so I wasn't really allowed to talk
               | about it in general). The questioning itself took like 10
               | mins and was absolutely unnecessary. Not even mentioning
               | how aggressive he was, I felt like I was an inch away
               | from being escorted to their "office" for additional
               | questioning. And I am saying that as someone who doesn't
               | usually feel threatened much by any interactions with
               | officers.
               | 
               | On the way back into the US, however, it was buttery
               | smooth. The officer confiscated the grapes my mother
               | tried bringing back with her (despite me urging her not
               | to do so), and he was extremely apologetic about it. Then
               | he said "welcome home", and that was it. Took less than a
               | minute overall.
               | 
               | Not trying to generalize anything from this, as, of
               | course, the experiences differ wildly between individual
               | border officers and such. I just thought it was an
               | interesting semi-relevant anecdote.
        
               | selestify wrote:
               | Wow, as a US citizen I've faced much more scrutiny from
               | Canadian border agents than US ones. Also at the border
               | between Vancouver and Seattle.
        
               | hermitcrab wrote:
               | Given that Americans are generally warm and approachable,
               | it is quite surprising just how hostile their border
               | officials.
        
               | Diederich wrote:
               | I grew up in south-central Los Angeles in the 1970s and
               | 1980s and I witnessed several incidents of gun violence,
               | one of which was fatal, and I was personally fired at on
               | two different occasions. These were all gang related,
               | random acts of violence, though neither myself nor
               | anybody I happened to be near at the time was in a gang.
               | 
               | > What are you doing to provoke this kind of behavior?
               | 
               | Standing on the sidewalk, hanging out with friends.
               | 
               | > Why haven't you moved away to somewhere safer?
               | 
               | I left when I was 18.
               | 
               | I'd be happy to entertain any additional questions you or
               | others might have.
        
               | selestify wrote:
               | That's nuts, thanks for sharing.
               | 
               | Would you happen to know why gangs would bother doing
               | random acts of violence against teenagers standing on the
               | sidewalk? I'd heard that the Italian mafia at least likes
               | to keep themselves out of the public eye, interesting
               | that other gangs don't.
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | Miami. A city with notoriously bad drivers some of them
               | armed. It's better now but was a hell of a lot worse when
               | I was growing up, the 90s. But you can pick any major
               | city and ask a local where not to go, and just don't go
               | there.
               | 
               | Driving, riding my bike, walking. When I was a kid simply
               | walking to school was enough. But people will threaten to
               | shoot you for turning, not driving fast enough, merging,
               | stopping, not stopping. Riding a bike in the right lane.
               | 
               | Growing up down here you get used to it. Far too many
               | Americans have access to guns. Hopefully, they only use
               | it on themselves. But even if only 1% of gun owners were
               | certifiable crazy, that's still over a 1 million unhinged
               | individuals.
               | 
               | I moved to Europe for a time. But career and family
               | brought me back here. And I like money :-)
        
               | kenjackson wrote:
               | Road rage is definitely the fastest escalation path I've
               | seen in the US. Do other countries have road rage the way
               | the US does?
        
               | subsubzero wrote:
               | >BTW, I'm still shocked by the casualness of people who
               | threaten to shoot me. Or like to show they are armed in
               | an attempt to intimidate me.
               | 
               | What? Where in the US do you live? I've lived in the US
               | my entire life and never, not once has anyone ever
               | threatened to shoot me. Thats a felony in itself and I am
               | really surprised by that.
        
               | yardie wrote:
               | If you commute long enough through places of high poverty
               | you'll have some stories. I'd get a gun pulled on me for
               | driving. I'd also have friends and colleagues brag to me
               | about pulling guns on other drivers. I'd tell them they
               | were crazy but in their mind it's a completely valid
               | reaction.
        
               | ameister14 wrote:
               | I had a guy threaten to shoot me in Kentucky once when I
               | was working with him on the Ohio River - more of a 'I
               | have a rifle in my truck' than a 'pointing a gun at you'
               | kind of a threat though.
        
               | Diederich wrote:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26755014
               | 
               | The US is a big, diverse place with a lot of history.
        
               | hdctambien wrote:
               | It's used as a joke in a lot of circles. "My daughter's
               | old enough to date, I better clean my gun"
        
             | CapitalistCartr wrote:
             | No income > can't pay bills or buy necessities >
             | desperation > mild panic & muddied thinking while looking
             | for any way to make money > overrides the inner restraint
             | against crime.
        
             | colinmhayes wrote:
             | Choices are about incentives. If you feel you've got
             | nothing to lose you're willing to risk it all.
        
             | tombert wrote:
             | I think being really broke greatly hinders your ability to
             | think rationally.
             | 
             | I never committed any violent crimes, but I know throughout
             | most of 2016 I was really really broke (about $15,000
             | credit card debt, 3 months of unpaid rent, a lawsuit from
             | my landlord for the back rent). In the process I debated
             | reaching out to one of those payday loan places, despite
             | the fact that I _knew_ they were scams. My desperate brain
             | was overriding my logical brain.
             | 
             | I can only assume I'm not unique in this fact; if it comes
             | down to mugging someone or not eating for a week, I'm not
             | 100% sure which option I would choose. I would like to
             | think that I would never hurt someone, but since 2017 or
             | so, I've had a pretty privileged life.
        
               | Nasrudith wrote:
               | Sounds like it hints at a nasty feedback loop. "Are they
               | stuck in financial trouble because of poor impulse
               | control or are they stuck with poor impulse control
               | because of financial trouble?" Singular they that is.
               | 
               | It is easier to think long term while feeling secure but
               | not thinking long term can lead to becoming insecure. Not
               | trying to make any moral or blame judgements here - just
               | pondering origins of problems and solutions.
        
               | tguedes wrote:
               | This used to be a debate and it's really not anymore. It
               | was primarily the right that used to argue that the
               | reason people committed crime was because of their
               | attitudes and social norms. But with over the last few
               | decades, large parts of white Midwest and Appalachia are
               | facing the exact same circumstances that inner cities
               | faced for decades. So even some conservatives have
               | started to agree with the side of crime follows economics
               | rather than economics follows crime.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | I won't speak for anyone else, but I feel that I normally
               | have reasonably good impulse control, even in 2016; I got
               | into debt because a company I was working for ended up
               | not paying me for multiple months and then shut down, and
               | I didn't have much savings.
               | 
               | I think my lack of impulse control came as a direct cause
               | of me being broke. I had previously never seriously
               | considered any kind of payday loan because I knew they
               | were multi-thousand-percent levels of interest, but that
               | part of my brain wasn't the one thinking. When faced with
               | a really tough situation, I think it's common for your
               | "survivalist" side to kick in.
               | 
               | I never actually did get the payday loan because I was
               | able to (begrudgingly) get a loan from my stepfather-in-
               | law for the back rent, and I very luckily landed a
               | decent-paying job shortly afterwards.
               | 
               | I was absolutely one of the lucky ones. It's not hard at
               | all for me to envision a universe where I was stuck in an
               | endless cycle of debt, and honestly I still have
               | nightmares about that time occasionally. Not fun.
        
               | wutbrodo wrote:
               | > In the process I debated reaching out to one of those
               | payday loan places, despite the fact that I knew they
               | were scams.
               | 
               | Because they're not, the idea that they are is
               | paternalistic bullshit from the kind of people who get
               | their news from John Oliver.
               | 
               | Debt can be dangerous, and payday loans are
               | commensurately more so due to their high rates. But debt
               | is a _tool_, and just like middle- and upper-income folks
               | can use it to prevent disaster or rationally extend
               | themselves, lower-income people can too. Not having
               | access to credit isn't a _good_ thing per se.
               | 
               | Whenever people have actually bothered to look into the
               | use of payday loans instead of pearl-clutching about how
               | the poor don't know what's good for them, they've found
               | that much of the clientele is making rational decisions.
               | As bad as a high-interest loan sounds to privileged
               | sensibilities, the alternative is often worse. It's just
               | more diffuse and thus easier to ignore.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | I guess I am one of those kind of people who get their
               | news from John Oliver.
               | 
               | Maybe I was being a bit hyperbolic when I said "scam"
               | since they usually do what they advertise. Let me
               | rephrase: they have ridiculously high interest rates that
               | can lead to difficult-to-escape debt, and they are
               | predatory towards desperate people, hence why you usually
               | see them in poorer neighborhoods.
               | 
               | Debt is absolutely a tool and I wasn't claiming
               | otherwise, so when I said "scam", what I really meant was
               | "the worst possible way to leverage debt".
        
               | tw04 wrote:
               | Spoken like someone who has never lived paycheck to
               | paycheck and been caught in a debt spiral.
               | 
               | You are correct, not having access to credit is a bad
               | thing. But having access to predatory credit is a WORSE
               | thing. There's a reason we outlawed indentured slavery
               | and "company scrip", and payday loans are a half a step
               | up from that situation.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | The reason why payday loans are allowed is that just like
               | with drugs - outlawing them doesn't mean people don't
               | seek them out. It's better to have access to a legal and
               | well regulated payday lender business, rather than
               | letting people borrow money from the "pay us back or
               | else" kind. And they absolutely will, desperate people
               | will seek out desperate solutions.
        
               | wutbrodo wrote:
               | > Spoken like someone who has never lived paycheck to
               | paycheck and been caught in a debt spiral.
               | 
               | Respectfully, go fuck yourself, you know nothing about
               | me. You don't even seem to know what _you're_ talking
               | about: poverty spirals don't disappear when you remove
               | access to credit. I'm all for regulating payday lenders:
               | the industry can be riven with fraud and rate regulation
               | on the margins can smooth out the tradeoff between
               | expanded credit access and debt traps. But my comment was
               | in response to a comment claiming that they're always
               | scams; spend five minutes educating yourself and you'll
               | find plenty of examples of people who've actually
               | bothered to look at the lives of people on the demand
               | side of payday loans, like this New Yorker
               | journalists[1].
               | 
               | It takes a lot of privilege and callous disregard for the
               | poor to arrive at the idiocy of claiming that it's always
               | a _good_ thing to remove a bad option from someone with
               | only bad options.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.newyorker.com/business/currency/what-
               | good-are-pa...
        
               | Judgmentality wrote:
               | Your arguments are entirely theoretical while ignoring
               | the fact that payday loan businesses are regularly shut
               | down for fraud. Just because debt as a concept isn't
               | flawed doesn't mean the people selling debt are moral.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Tucker_(businessman)
               | 
               | Likewise, just because I post one extreme example of
               | payday loan businesses being a fraud doesn't invalidate
               | the entire industry. As a whole though, I feel the
               | industry is quite scummy and often scammy.
        
               | wutbrodo wrote:
               | > Your arguments are entirely theoretical while ignoring
               | the fact that payday loan businesses are regularly shut
               | down for fraud
               | 
               | I alluded to empirical evidence of their usefulness.
               | Here's a study from the FDIC[1]. It's dated, but there
               | are structural conclusions about the way payday loans
               | work and why their rates are so high.
               | 
               | I don't see the relevance of specific payday lenders
               | being shut down for fraud. Individual cases of fraud
               | should be cracked down upon, and its widespread
               | prevalence in an industry suggests that regulation is
               | potentially a good idea. But neither of these
               | automatically negate the usefulness of a service, just as
               | the bad behavior of the banking industry doesn't make a
               | bank account useless.
               | 
               | > Likewise, just because I post one extreme example of
               | payday loan businesses being a fraud doesn't invalidate
               | the entire industry.
               | 
               | Yes, this is my point. The comment I responded to and
               | that I quoted from said:
               | 
               | > I debated reaching out to one of those payday loan
               | places, despite the fact that I knew they were scams
               | 
               | The point of my comment is that they can be useful, and
               | the GP's shame at considering an option he "knew" was a
               | scam is unwarranted and down to midwit elites who are
               | quick to fuck the poor over in the name of paternalistic,
               | performative virtue, but never bother to understand them
               | as agents making decisions that are sometimes
               | unintuitively rational.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.fdic.gov/bank/analytical/cfr/2005/wp2005/
               | 2005-09...
        
               | smiley1437 wrote:
               | I'm sorry but in Ontario, prior to January 1, 2017, the
               | charge was $21 per $100 advanced, an effective interest
               | rate of _14,299%_ (not a typo)
               | 
               | That's not using debt as a 'tool', that is weaponizing it
               | against those can't fend for themselves.
        
               | boring_twenties wrote:
               | Honest question -- what's stopping anyone from entering
               | the market, offering much lower interest rates than that,
               | and outcompeting all existing participants?
        
               | 11thEarlOfMar wrote:
               | In principle, the debt market charges rates that are
               | commensurate with the risk of repayment. Some studies[0]
               | show a relatively high default rate for payday loans.
               | Moreover, the people who borrow from these facilities
               | likely have very poor credit scores.
               | 
               | That's not a comment on the fairness of the rate charged.
               | But if there is a sufficient amount of competition among
               | lenders, and they were effectively regulated and
               | monitored, we could expect their rates are enough to
               | allow them to make a reasonable profit in spite of the
               | risk of default.
               | 
               | [0] https://thehill.com/regulation/237538-borrowers-
               | default-on-n...
        
               | kenniskrag wrote:
               | In some country consumer credits are regulated and the
               | interest rate is capped. Also it is not legal in some
               | country to grant a credit if the lender cant't pay it
               | back (e.g. in the european union)
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >> Also it is not legal in some country to grant a credit
               | if the lender cant't pay it back (e.g. in the european
               | union
               | 
               | European Union is not a country and every member state
               | has their own rules regulating this, there isn't one
               | payday lenders rulebook across the entire EU.
               | 
               | As for what you said - it's true, except that it boils
               | down to a checkbox on the form "are you able to make
               | repayments on this loan?" and that's about it, that takes
               | care of the legal side of things.
        
               | GhostVII wrote:
               | I agree that there are cases where a payday loan is a
               | good option, and that if people behaved rationally it
               | would be objectively better to have that option than to
               | not have it. The problem is that people don't behave
               | rationally. And behaving irrationally isn't isolated to
               | poor people (lots of people get 96 month loans on
               | expensive cars they can't afford), but it hurts them the
               | most.
               | 
               | Reminds me of an anecdote from poor African countries.
               | Farmers would buy fertilizer months before they needed
               | it, even though it is logically better for them to save
               | that money and only buy the fertilizer when they needed
               | it (assuming the price of the fertilizer was constant).
               | But they knew if they had the money the would be tempted
               | to spend it in the meantime, so they bought it early to
               | avoid the temptation.
               | 
               | Payday loans can encourage people to take out a loan and
               | spend money even in cases where it would be better for
               | them to find an alternative.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | Sure, but it almost seems like you are justifying
               | predatory behavior. When people are really desperate
               | they'll do anything to survive, and providing a 14000%
               | loan to people feels like you're just exploiting people's
               | survivalist instincts.
               | 
               | Also, a lot of these payday loans are just flat-out
               | illegal. If you look up usury laws in the US, they
               | typically cap interest at somewhere around ~25% per
               | year[1], and the highest I could find was on the order of
               | 400% per year [2]. I didn't check every state so it's
               | possible there are some that don't have any caps, but my
               | point is that very often these payday loans are literally
               | breaking the law by charging absurd interest rates.
               | 
               | [1] https://paydayloaninfo.org/state-information/40 [2]
               | https://paydayloaninfo.org/state-information/17
        
               | NikolaNovak wrote:
               | Having access / option for credit may be a good thing.
               | Using a loan rationally may be a good thing.
               | 
               | Not sure where you get _your_ news /experience from ;),
               | but I don't see how any of those arguments apply to
               | payday loan places - in every country, city, society I've
               | lived in, they a) were shut down for fraud and
               | exploitation anytime anybody bothered to look &
               | investigate b) are universally demonstrated and proven to
               | prey upon those who can least afford it. These are not
               | benevolent capitalists trying to help those who nobody
               | else would help - the owners are shameless sharks
               | exploiting and manipulating people into a vicious cycle.
               | 
               | (FWIW I'm not going to downvote, I actually upvoted -
               | your perspective is interesting and must as I may
               | disagree I'd like to hear more and maybe be educated,
               | rather than shut the debate down; but I'd like to see
               | some "counter-John-Oliver" studies and stats to go
               | against the ones I think most of us have seen)
               | 
               | Edit: I mean heck, like with smoking, government here
               | will try their best to talk you out of it; you can still
               | do it, as an adult human being... but it's just a bad,
               | bad idea
               | 
               | https://www.canada.ca/en/financial-consumer-
               | agency/services/...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | xcambar wrote:
               | Thanks for the honest story, congrats on pulling yourself
               | out of debt and into (quoting you) privileged life.
               | 
               | I see the HN crowd as rather monotonic, and thanks to
               | stories like yours, it shows me wrong, and that's for the
               | best.
        
               | tombert wrote:
               | Thanks. It wasn't easy but to be honest having a high-
               | paying engineering job certainly helps. I have no idea
               | how I would have escaped that cycle if I had a lower-
               | paying job.
        
               | godfreyantonell wrote:
               | Good for you. I like seeing stories like this, especially
               | in here.
        
               | hoophoop wrote:
               | > I think being really broke greatly hinders your ability
               | to think rationally.
               | 
               | No: being really broke _can_ cause a lot of anxiety that
               | _can_ lead to irrational behavior.
               | 
               | But often a person has to choose between homelessness and
               | crime and picks the latter _as a rational choice_ , given
               | the alternative.
               | 
               | So please don't assume poor = "crazy" = criminal, it's a
               | bit unkind.
        
             | adrianmonk wrote:
             | Among other things, unemployment is bad for your city's tax
             | base.
             | 
             | Law enforcement can probably withstand some budget cuts
             | before public safety suffers, and leaders probably cut
             | other things first, but at some point it might have an
             | effect.
        
             | yuppie_scum wrote:
             | The easiest way to answer this is to just say go watch The
             | Wire.
        
           | kpennell wrote:
           | thx for the chicken edit
        
             | echelon wrote:
             | A surprisingly detailed Wikipedia article.
             | 
             | Random internet serendipity, shift in topic and mood. We
             | live in such an interesting and strange universe.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | labster wrote:
             | What the cluck?
        
         | nimbius wrote:
         | >a majority of them decided not to bite the hand that was
         | feeding them.
         | 
         | How did we as a nation go from the land of the free, a chicken
         | in every pot and a car in every garage, to "beg for scraps or
         | you will starve."
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | > land of the free, a chicken in every pot and a car in every
           | garage
           | 
           | All of this has always been propaganda, nothing more. The
           | average unskilled worker has never had a good life in
           | America.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | Has the average unskilled worker "had a good life" at any
             | time or place in the Earth's history?
        
           | yeetman21 wrote:
           | who the fuck is begging for scraps. with 15$ an hour they are
           | living like kings in their hometown, above the median income
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | No one is living like kings on $15 per hour anywhere in the
             | US. Unless your definition of kings includes lack of
             | retirement security, income security, health security, and
             | working back breaking shift work at odd hours. They will
             | especially be vulnerable in their 50 to 65 years, when they
             | will become unemployable for manual labor work.
             | 
             | They'll be able to put a roof over their head, and not
             | worry about their kids' next meal or maybe even their kid
             | breaking their arm. But they're not going to advance to the
             | next rung of the socioeconomic ladder.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Above the median income in a small town doesn't mean you've
             | got a great absolute standard of living, it just means
             | you're better off than others in your town.
             | 
             | If a company can sell its products two towns over for 2x
             | the price Bessemer can afford, it's not going to slash
             | prices in Bessemer just because _everyone_ there is poor.
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | Black people might object to the US once being "land of the
           | free." In fact, almost every unskilled worker might.
        
         | andrei_says_ wrote:
         | The hand feeds them in exchange of their work. It's not some
         | benevolent entity providing out of goodness.
         | 
         | They voted to allow the "hand" to maximize exploitation without
         | restraint.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | What would Amazon do if they did Unionize? Move the warehouse?
        
           | bena wrote:
           | Possible. As others have noted, WalMart has done similar
           | things.
           | 
           | I think a retail/warehouse workers' union only really works
           | if it's a national sort with local chapters so that a company
           | can't hire except through a union.
           | 
           | I'm not saying such a situation isn't rife with its own
           | problems, but as long as these unions are essentially on a
           | per-location basis, a company with the resources can always
           | close one location and open up down the street to avoid the
           | union.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Unions need several things to work: two of the big ones are
             | a job such that you cannot replace someone easily; and a
             | sense that "we are all in it together".
             | 
             | If you don't have the first it is easy to replace anyone
             | striking, and the union doesn't have power. If you don't
             | have the second the better employees will want more money
             | and so they won't work with the lesser ones
             | 
             | In retail it is generally easy to replace people. It only
             | takes a few minutes of training and the new person will
             | figure it out.
             | 
             | In retail there are a lot of different jobs. People who can
             | do more (and have been around longer) are worth more. Many
             | of the jobs do have metrics that can be measured to say who
             | is better. While the pay this results in isn't much more,
             | it is enough.
             | 
             | That isn't to say you need the above to have a union. There
             | are counter examples that work, but they are less powerful
             | than unions that have those factors because they find it
             | harder to get everyone to stand together.
             | 
             | As such retail unions have trouble working. It is too easy
             | to hire someone else if they go on strike.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | Yes. This is why unions have to be big to be effective. The
           | union has to be big enough to cover anywhere the company
           | might be able to move to. This is why the Teamsters work so
           | well, you can't outsource US trucking to Namibia.
           | 
           | This is also why the UAW started dying once containerized
           | shipping made it practical to move factories overseas.
        
         | Shivetya wrote:
         | I am asking for it but what the hell.
         | 
         | I was a union member back in the last 1980s through 1990s
         | early. I was in a low skilled job where we paid our dues and
         | got exactly nothing for it. Oh we had a wonderful contract that
         | specified it all. It was great for basically keeping anyone new
         | boxed in. Each quarter if we were lucky we got a visit by our
         | local union rep in her Mercedes which cost more than many of us
         | made a year. So I am so not a big union supporter and lean
         | against them.
         | 
         | On another personal note, they spent decades harassing my
         | uncles, now cousins industrial roofing business calling OSHA
         | and other inspectors out to where even the OSHA representatives
         | joked about it. It became a coffee break for them. All this
         | over a company with less than thirty people at max.
         | 
         | So while they may have some application on higher paid jobs
         | when you are low wage there isn't much they do for you other
         | than suck two hours of wages or more from you each month.
         | 
         | People here glorify unions have no experience with them at the
         | level that would have been seen in Amazon. They have these
         | grandiose ideas how everyone benefits. Oh don't get me wrong,
         | you are likely to get some changes that are beneficial, but in
         | the end you are still exactly where you are before but now its
         | all in nice pretty print writing which spells out exactly how
         | you aren't going anywhere fast. Oh, don't forget the monthly
         | payout (could be weekly in some places) and don't expect much
         | if you ever actually reach strike stage.
        
           | uoaei wrote:
           | This is what happens when union reps are in bed with the
           | company they're supposedly holding to account. It happens
           | because of corruption and nepotism, not because of
           | unionization.
           | 
           | I might recommend to watch _Waiting For Lefty_ to understand
           | the distinction.
        
           | datavirtue wrote:
           | Unions also start boxing out new experienced employees. The
           | railroads have no way to bring in experienced workers from
           | other industries because everyone is mandated a certain
           | starting wage by the union...entry level wages ($50k) plus
           | overtime. Looks exactly like regulatory capture.
        
             | temp667 wrote:
             | You see this in a lot of industries that are unionized, if
             | you move across the country or have a life change and are
             | in a unionized environment you can be screwed by a) losing
             | seniority and b) comp can drop.
             | 
             | Had a friend who was a pilot. Personal situation - moved,
             | wanted to live in base rather than deadhead yadda yadda -
             | you start off at ground zero at the new airline - literally
             | next to guys with no time on type (and you could have
             | thousands of hours on type - which is years of work).
        
         | 2bitencryption wrote:
         | This may be a bit of an ignorant question, but...
         | 
         | Are "dying cities/slums" a purely American phenomenon, in terms
         | of rich first-world countries?
         | 
         | Is there similarly a "rust belt" in Germany, of cities that had
         | an economic collapse after manufacturing died out? Are there
         | rich European countries with flailing cities that devolve into
         | crime and poverty? Does Europe have its own Bessemers,
         | Detroits? (though I do hear Detroit isn't as bad as it's made
         | out to be)
        
           | INTPenis wrote:
           | Lots of dead industry in Sweden too because there was a major
           | shift during the 90s and 2000s that remotely located industry
           | in the Swedish forest could not keep up with.
           | 
           | I don't know more details, I am only speaking
           | observationally. Someone else might tell you why this
           | happened.
           | 
           | I would assume it has to do with globalization and other
           | nations being more competitive than local business.
        
           | rm_-rf_slash wrote:
           | Chinese cities in the northeast Yellow Sea area (like Dalian)
           | were historically industrial centers, but are now somewhat of
           | a Chinese rust belt while the industrial gravity has moved
           | south (ex: Shenzhen, Chongqing).
        
           | willcipriano wrote:
           | >Are "dying cities/slums" a purely American phenomenon, in
           | terms of rich first-world countries?
           | 
           | The UK definitely has declining factory towns (often called
           | mill towns there) similar to the US. Northern England is like
           | that for the most part. Less of a rust belt and more of a
           | rust hat.
        
           | mc32 wrote:
           | I believe the Ruhr valley experienced some rust belt like
           | phenomena. Abandoned factories and such, but not like NAm.
           | Germany's economic might rests on their mittelstand midsized
           | businesses (KMU) typically family owned or run and which are
           | to some extent protected by the gov.
        
           | KingOfCoders wrote:
           | In the former "rust belt" of Germany unemployement rate is
           | higher (~12%) compared to the rest of Germany (~6%). And
           | although we had social reforms in the 2000s cutting
           | unemployment benefits - today with unemployment benefits,
           | "free" health care and social security payments you can live
           | from (though should be higher), areas with higher
           | unemployment are not comparable to the US.
           | 
           | (Also German carmakers have - at least until now - done much
           | better than Detroit for a variety of reasons).
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | Yeah, outside of Berlin a lot of eastern German states/cities
           | have lost people IIRC.
        
           | Darmody wrote:
           | It happens everywhere or almost everywhere in the West. Some
           | country simply lose population due migration to other
           | countries.
           | 
           | Inside immigration is also big. Small towns/cities are losing
           | population while big cities/capitals are rapidly growing. We
           | have hundreds of towns that once had thousands inhabitants
           | and now they barely have a couple hundred and haven't seen a
           | kid in more than a decade.
           | 
           | But as far as I know, there's no Detroits in Europe. The
           | cities with most crimes are also the ones that are attracting
           | more people and immigrants. The abandoned places are quiet
           | and peaceful.
           | 
           | There's also growing trend of trying to revive those places
           | by people that just can't take big cities anymore or people
           | who work for home, etc. Why would they pay a huge chunk of
           | their salary for a crappy shared flat on the city when they
           | can live on a nice house with garden only 5 hours away?
        
           | sfvisser wrote:
           | Oh yes.
           | 
           | Charleroi Belgium comes to mind. Once a prosperous
           | industrious town, now the glory is gone. Recently read
           | somewhere there is a bit of revival, culturally at least.
           | Economically I'm not sure. A bit like Detroit maybe.
        
           | dna_polymerase wrote:
           | > Is there similarly a "rust belt" in Germany
           | 
           | Not yet, but we are doing out best to deliver that in the
           | near future \s
           | 
           | What we do have is sort of a coal belt. The Ruhr Area, where
           | coal mining used to be big but has died out. Some regions did
           | not recover from the closing of mines, Gelsenkirchen for
           | example.
        
           | busterarm wrote:
           | No.
           | 
           | Most of Japan is dying as nearly its entire population moves
           | to Tokyo.
           | 
           | And that's only a slight sprinkle of hyperbole. Other regions
           | are sustained only by tourism or by other industries where
           | the average worker age is past 60.
        
           | Lammy wrote:
           | America's "Rust Belt" cities all tend to have one thing in
           | common: a large black population that originally migrated
           | there in the 20th century for industrial jobs that largely no
           | longer exist. Think Detroit with the auto industry. Camden NJ
           | with New York Ship, Victor, and Campbell's Soup. Gary Indiana
           | with US Steel, etc etc:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Works
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_Ameri.
           | ..
        
             | cat199 wrote:
             | > America's "Rust Belt" cities all tend to have one thing
             | in common
             | 
             | Not anti union, but these also had high union activity,
             | which some explain as a cause of their 'rustification' as
             | companies moved production elsewhere (like Alabama) to
             | avoid.
        
               | Lammy wrote:
               | Yes.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Negro_Labor_Counci
               | l
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Negro_Labor_Congre
               | ss
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Revolutionary_Bla
               | ck_...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodge_Revolutionary_Union_M
               | ove...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_of_Black_Trade_Un
               | ion...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Brotherhood_of_Wor
               | ker...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brotherhood_of_Sleeping_Car
               | _Po... (See also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railroad_
               | Commission_v._Pullman.... )
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Association_o
               | f_R...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Actors_Guild_of_Ameri
               | ca
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Labor_Committee
        
               | mensetmanusman wrote:
               | HN should reformat wiki links to jump straight to the
               | page title, since these long lists render identically
               | before you open the thread.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Not even Alabama but overseas where not only is there no
               | union, but companies can get away with paying starvation
               | wages to effective slaves. How an American is going to
               | compete with a guy willing to work for $0.50/day on an 18
               | hour shift 7 days a week is a mystery. He doesn't even
               | ask for healthcare, and when he dies of exhaustion there
               | are hundreds more waiting to take his place because
               | that's a huge amount of money for them.
               | 
               | One of the few things I think Trump got right is when he
               | brought tariffs back. If you want companies to keep jobs
               | in the US you have to make the labor cost just as much no
               | matter where you find it. Otherwise it is just a race to
               | the bottom.
        
           | Glawen wrote:
           | we have dying cities and poverty in Europe, but it does not
           | devolve into crime. Each city in Europe have at least a
           | suburb where crime is more prevalent, poverty is a
           | contributing factor but not the only one.
        
           | dvdkon wrote:
           | I don't have any first-hand experience, but here in the Czech
           | Republic (not rich by any means, but still pretty up there)
           | there are some places that have the reputation of ghettos.
           | They're mostly located in border areas, which had a sizeable
           | German population a were annexed by nazi Germany. After World
           | War 2, most of the Germans were driven out and "resettled"
           | under the communist regime. Add heavy industry and mining
           | activity sometimes destroying the original towns and you can
           | see how the region might not be the most cheerful place.
           | Someone also had the brilliant idea of moving all the Roma
           | from a town to a separate ghetto, which turned out as
           | expected.
           | 
           | It's not that any city is altogether full of crime and
           | poverty, personally I'd say they're just less desirable with
           | full-on "crime and poverty" being noticeable only in some
           | hotspots (but then again, I don't live there and only ever
           | visit for short periods of time, so really all I can say is
           | "it doesn't seem _that_ bad ").
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | You mean something like this?
           | https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/italy-one-euro-homes-
           | cast...
        
         | charlescearl wrote:
         | As someone whose great uncles worked in the steel factories
         | nearby, whose parents before that labored in the cotton fields,
         | I can also testify the multi-century efforts of Black workers
         | who fought the "hands that was fedding them". America's
         | Johannesburg [1] and Hammer and Hoe [2] for reference.
         | 
         | [1] https://ugapress.org/book/9780820356273/americas-
         | johannesbur...
         | 
         | [2] https://uncpress.org/book/9781469625485/hammer-and-hoe/
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | That gets harder as capital gets easier to move.
        
         | fartcannon wrote:
         | What a tragic way to frame it. The USA (and all the world
         | governments) need to take care of it's poor people better so
         | they don't have to choose indentured servitude over poverty.
         | 
         | Edit: Added the bit about all the world governments
        
           | ActorNightly wrote:
           | USA needs better education so that people understand
           | economics and labor markets, so they wont calling paid
           | positions indentured servitude.
        
             | tomc1985 wrote:
             | I imagine GP is being facetious
        
             | fartcannon wrote:
             | I'm from Canada, but certainly education on economics would
             | be amazingly helpful, I agree.
        
             | psychometry wrote:
             | We need better education so that people stop voting against
             | their own self-interest, in union elections and generally.
        
               | macrowhat wrote:
               | I used to make comments like this when I was young, but
               | then I grew old and gained wisdom instead.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | ...or maybe they just have differences in opinion to you?
        
               | claudiawerner wrote:
               | That's entirely possible, and very likely. However, that
               | does not do away with rationality completely. For some
               | given situations, with data on the situation and a set of
               | options, we can deduce pretty quickly what is rational to
               | do, what is right to do, and what is in one's interest to
               | do. This is how we (and that includes me and you) are
               | able to criticize people on those grounds all the time.
               | If someone is poor and has a choice between buying a
               | stereo system and saving the money in a high-interest
               | bank account, I doubt you'd have any problem saying that
               | it's in their self interest to do one of those options
               | and not the other. Economists talk about the principles
               | of economic rationality all the time.
               | 
               | So yeah, you can have your own opinion. That doesn't mean
               | that the opinion is beyond criticism, nor does it mean
               | it's a rational thought out opinion from all points of
               | view, considering all the facts.
        
               | mensetmanusman wrote:
               | What you call irrational is often a difference in views
               | and life axioms (which as you probably know can't be
               | proven).
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | You mean like all those inner city women who constantly
               | vote for gun control despite easy access to hot lead
               | being the best way they can protect themselves from
               | violence?
               | 
               | Or are we talking about the hicks that vote against
               | government healthcare and social safety nets despite the
               | fact that they would themselves benefit?
               | 
               | "Voting against their interest" is just how the ivory
               | tower crowd derides the poor for sticking to their
               | ideological guns even when it doesn't benefit them. The
               | poor have opinions and beliefs and making sacrifices in
               | the name of their beliefs does not make them stupid.
        
               | _huayra_ wrote:
               | The scope of what you're considering to be their
               | "ideological guns" is very historically recent. Before
               | the Southern Strategy [0], the things that people
               | typically associate with these "hicks" in rural parts of
               | the US were not politicized; most of these hot-button
               | ideological issues were considered to not be the domain
               | of politics (e.g. abortion).
               | 
               | In fact, the people who were the first "rednecks" would
               | most likely reject all of the fascist bootlicking that
               | goes on for most conservatives (not that neoliberal
               | bootlicking is better, just less prevalent; I don't see
               | hordes of foaming-at-the-mouth Biden supporters screaming
               | adoration about Biden with some goofy flags and apparel
               | on the street corners, while I still see the Trump folks
               | doing the same cult worship of their new "god"). The
               | original rednecks were miners who violently opposed
               | capitalist exploitation [1]. This culminated in the
               | battle of Blair Mountain [2], in which miners living in
               | exploitative conditions violently rebelled against the
               | authoritarian private police (the "Pinkertons") in their
               | attempt to form a union. This is also the first time that
               | aerial bombardment is used on American soil (preceding
               | Pearl Harbor).
               | 
               | Needless to say, I think the original "rednecks" have
               | nothing in common with those who pretend to espouse some
               | sort of "rural identity"; the original rednecks would not
               | have looked to the state to force their own restrictive
               | ideas of living on other people.
               | 
               | It's fine for people to have their own opinions about
               | these things, but when these people who stick to their
               | ideological guns do so in the face of facts (e.g. all of
               | the cult-of-trump people who intellectually contort
               | themselves to see him as some skilled businessman when he
               | has a history littered with business failures, including
               | losing money on a casino!), it's a little difficult to
               | respect their opinions; this is especially true when
               | their opinions are incoherent (e.g. the GOP celebrating
               | Goya and that my pillow guy for "getting involved in
               | politics" when it benefits them, while deriding companies
               | looking to boycott states that plan to impose Draconian
               | voter suppressing laws to "stay out of politics") and
               | involve restricting the liberties of other people to
               | comport with their own strict world view (e.g.
               | restricting the right of other people to get same-sex
               | married, as though that is somehow an "attack" on hetero
               | marriage).
               | 
               | Ultimately it's about being able to accept new evidence
               | and change one's mind, which I think these people who
               | vote against their own interest (hicks or not) are not
               | wont to do. Just as not all people in the GOP are
               | fascists, but all fascists vote for GOP candidates, not
               | all people towards the liberal end of the political
               | spectrum are open to new ideas and changing their mind,
               | but all people who are open to learning and change are on
               | the liberal side of the political spectrum.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_strategy [1]
               | https://www.appalachianhistory.net/2009/08/original-
               | redneck-... [2]
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Blair_Mountain
        
               | alpaca128 wrote:
               | > making sacrifices in the name of their beliefs does not
               | make them stupid.
               | 
               | Most of them are not aware that they are making
               | sacrifices, though. They were convinced that the only
               | alternative is communism.
        
               | JackFr wrote:
               | Or in other words, we need to indoctrinate people so that
               | they vote the way I think they should.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | I prefer indoctrination that improves people's wages and
               | working conditions as opposed to the present anti-union
               | indoctrination that only serves to empower bosses at
               | workers' expense.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > I prefer indoctrination
               | 
               | Interesting, so you prefer people who don't use their own
               | brains.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure that if labor costs in Bessemer AL ==
               | Labor costs in another location, say.... Seattle?
               | Bessemer, AL wouldn't have the worry about the anti union
               | indoctrination and would have to worry about starving
               | again.
               | 
               | For these communities, these are well paid jobs with
               | great benefits compared to what they would otherwise
               | have.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | Saying you don't need a union because your wages are good
               | is like saying you don't need democracy because the king
               | is nice to you. All that can change very quickly, and
               | when it does, you're going to want the power that
               | collective bargaining gives you in those negotiations.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Not disagreeing with you - if you have a mortgage and
               | kids keeping you somewhere and a king that will abandon
               | you and leave you to starve if you vote for Democracy -
               | you can die on that hill if you want to, and the King
               | probably won't care. He'll move next Area over, have the
               | same or better deal, and you and your kids will starve.
               | 
               | At that point the question is - why should you starve so
               | someone else can be happy about Unions?
               | 
               | These issues only get solved with society wide action.
               | The poor sap casting their single vote here can't afford
               | to make this call on their own, and they're just happy
               | their particular king is generous enough to grace them
               | and not more abusive. Because there are a LOT of more
               | abusive ones , and they've probably seen that first hand
               | unlike most of the posters here.
        
               | JackFr wrote:
               | Is it beyond your imagination that perhaps those workers
               | have a better idea of their own self-interest than you
               | do? I understand that you're well intentioned but you
               | need to consider that someone can be an informed,
               | intelligent person of goodwill and come to a conclusion
               | that is different than yours.
               | 
               | And while I don't know you, I'm gonna assume that you
               | don't work for Amazon in Bessemer. Neither do I. So our
               | responses to the situation might just be more about us
               | and our baggage, than the actual facts on the ground in
               | Alabama.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | Anyone who doesn't want higher wages or better working
               | conditions isn't defining their self-interest very
               | rationally. And anyone who doesn't believe the union is
               | the best way to get there is probably being persuaded by
               | anti-union propaganda rather than sound arguments.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > Anyone who doesn't want higher wages or better working
               | conditions isn't defining their self-interest very
               | rationally.
               | 
               | higher wages or better working conditions don't happen in
               | a vacuum. Thinking it's a godsend or something is the
               | definition of not thinking rationally.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > Anyone who doesn't want higher wages or better working
               | conditions
               | 
               | But there are trade-offs, such as now having to answer to
               | a union as well as to an employer, and anyway what makes
               | you so certain the union will achieve their goals?
               | 
               | If I claim that if you vote for me I'll turn your water
               | into wine, and you turn me down, are you voting against
               | your self-interest, or are you just not confident I'll
               | achieve what I'm claiming and thinking I'm a bit of a
               | fool so not wanting anything to do with me?
        
             | diag wrote:
             | How long do you think people will survive if they aren't
             | working? Not calling employment servitude is dishonest.
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | By that definition, who on this entire planet is not an
               | indentured servant?
        
           | xwolfi wrote:
           | Well reality so far is that things will stay unbalanced for a
           | while.
           | 
           | I come from a shit city in France, a former textile
           | powerhouse that lost everthing after the war when it became
           | automated abroad and we couldnt compete. And I moved to Hong
           | Kong years ago.
           | 
           | Well... between this city and my new one, there's such an
           | imbalance, I think I wish a few companies were trying to
           | enslave people back home to teach them something else than
           | shooting heroin and cheating on social insurance... And the
           | French gov cant fix it, they can't make people clever and
           | useful just with money and will...
        
           | dominotw wrote:
           | > The USA (and all the world governments) need to take care
           | of it's poor people better
           | 
           | I believe The USA spends most on social welfare than any
           | other country.
        
             | alpaca128 wrote:
             | The amount of money spent doesn't mean anything. The US
             | also pays insane amounts for their health system but the
             | result is a system that's far more expensive than in other
             | countries.
        
               | dominotw wrote:
               | > These were the best paying jobs that many of these
               | workers had had in their entire lives
               | 
               | What does that have to do with health system
        
             | metters wrote:
             | You believe so, but at least Wikipedia says the US are 22nd
             | per capita (which is more relevant than the total spending)
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_social
             | _...
        
               | dominotw wrote:
               | > Wikipedia says the US are 22nd per capita
               | 
               | I see USA at 10 in per capita section in your wiki link.
        
               | weaksauce wrote:
               | so either way the us is not at position number 1... at
               | that point it doesn't matter.
        
               | dominotw wrote:
               | ok
        
           | afiori wrote:
           | Yang had a nice plan for that :(
        
             | mixedCase wrote:
             | And no sustainable way to fund it.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | I don't get how people keep saying this. A UBI is
               | effectively a tax credit. You fund it with higher nominal
               | rates. These mostly cancel out for working people,
               | netting to zero in the middle. People at the top pay on
               | net so that people at the bottom receive on net.
               | 
               | It's completely sustainable and is effectively just a
               | simplification and improvement of the status quo of
               | having unemployment insurance and a bunch of means-tested
               | benefits for low income people, but without the poverty
               | traps, perverse incentives and excessive bureaucracy.
        
               | mixedCase wrote:
               | a) Crunch the numbers, find out how much you need. If you
               | don't have exact, precise numbers and a precise plan on
               | how to get to that number, the idea is worth nothing
               | since you don't even have a starting point to analyze
               | viability. People who have run the numbers tend to
               | realize how inviable it is. Those who don't, also think
               | you can just endlessly print money or just tax people
               | more until you get to the happy number. Which leads to b)
               | 
               | b) Observe the real world, see what happens when you
               | "just increase tax rate". You'll find that very often
               | when you increase taxes you actually end up collecting
               | less, as more people decide to illegally dodge taxes or
               | simply close up shop.
               | 
               | Given a country's economic output, laws, culture and a
               | thousand other factors, there's a hidden function that
               | determines the maximum tax rate you can employ where
               | anything more than that is counter-productive with both
               | short-term and long-term results, the latter often
               | including reputational damage that can be nigh impossible
               | to repair, soft-capping your economy far below what it
               | could've been. See: Laffer Curve, and the shining example
               | that is Argentina.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > Crunch the numbers, find out how much you need. If you
               | don't have exact, precise numbers and a precise plan on
               | how to get to that number, the idea is worth nothing
               | since you don't even have a starting point to analyze
               | viability.
               | 
               | Mean personal income in the US is ~$54,000:
               | 
               | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MAPAINUSA646N
               | 
               | For a $12,000 UBI that would yield a flat tax rate of
               | ~22%.
               | 
               | In real life it's more complicated than that, but not so
               | much more complicated that the number is going to be off
               | by an order of magnitude. It's completely viable. People
               | are _already_ paying nominal rates that high.
               | 
               | > Observe the real world, see what happens when you "just
               | increase tax rate". You'll find that very often when you
               | increase taxes you actually end up collecting less, as
               | more people decide to illegally dodge taxes or simply
               | close up shop.
               | 
               | The primary causes of this are that higher taxes give
               | people less money to spend which hurts the economy and
               | that higher marginal rates deter working.
               | 
               | A UBI is a transfer payment, so on net nobody has any
               | less money to spend and in practice people with less
               | money would have slightly more and those people are more
               | likely to spend it. So this factor goes _in favor_ of
               | economic growth.
               | 
               | Meanwhile half the point of the UBI is to get rid of the
               | crazy marginal rate cliffs created by means-tested
               | benefits programs. The status quo deters work more than a
               | UBI would, e.g. you lose unemployment if you take a job.
               | Terrible incentives that would go away.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Higher marginal rates also reduce marginal outsourcing of
               | labor. At a 40% combined federal and state rate, in order
               | to pay a tradesperson $150 to come do some minor repair
               | task at my house, I have to go out and earn an extra $250
               | to get that repair job done as compared to doing it
               | myself.
               | 
               | Make the combined marginal rate 60% and now I have to go
               | earn $375 in order to have $150 extra to pay for the
               | labor for that repair. For the equivalent of $375 in
               | wages for a service call, there's a lot of things I'll
               | bother to learn how to tackle myself.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | Again, a UBI will in many cases _reduce_ marginal rates,
               | because no more means testing. Right now if you want to
               | hire a maid to clean your house, you have to overcome the
               | loss of government benefits to them from taking on more
               | work hours.
               | 
               | Meanwhile at the top the difference would be less than an
               | increase from 40% to 60% because the UBI is replacing all
               | of these other programs which would no longer have to be
               | funded, or could be made strict alternatives to the UBI
               | which would make the UBI less expensive.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | People whose marginal tax rates would be reduced by the
               | implementation of a UBI are probably not hiring maids
               | either before or after the implementation of UBI.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | It's not the employer, it's the maid.
               | 
               | To get the maid to show up, you have to cause their bank
               | balance to increase by at least $10, after taxes. If the
               | government is taking 80% of what you pay them away in
               | food, housing and education assistance, you have to pay
               | $50 to get them their $10. Get their real marginal rate
               | _down_ to 40% and you can pay $20 while they enjoy a
               | surplus of $2.
        
               | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
               | Marginal rates are weird because you can compare your
               | marginal rate against every decision, but at that point,
               | you aren't comparing every dollar earned to every dollar
               | spend, so effective rates seem to be more useful
               | (marginal would be useful if I was considering working
               | more, I think). Anyways, as someone with a high effective
               | tax rate, I'm totally fine only keeping 60% (or keeping
               | 40% if we added another 20), if in return we all got UBI.
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | > For a $12,000 UBI that would yield a flat tax rate of
               | ~22%.
               | 
               | Yes. And that is absolutely monstrously huge. You just
               | doubled the US tax rate!
               | 
               | Sure, you could cut spending elsewhere, or whatever, but
               | once you do a program that is on the scale of literally
               | doubling the US tax rate, you are definitely at a point
               | where the costs of the program are very high, and likely
               | unviable.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | The total tax burden in the US (federal, state, local;
               | income, sales, property) is closer to 50%, and most to
               | all of the 22% would be in replacement of existing
               | programs.
               | 
               | (Half the funding for many of the existing programs don't
               | even show up in the federal budget, even though they're
               | federal programs, because the feds condition the program
               | on the state government providing matching funds, but the
               | state's taxpayers don't get any refund of their federal
               | taxes if the state doesn't implement the program. So the
               | states are coerced into funding inefficient programs, and
               | those would go away.)
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _most to all of the 22% would be in replacement of
               | existing programs_
               | 
               | I think people are reasonably skeptical of this part.
               | I've never seen someone show me the math around how all
               | those programs would be rendered redundant by a UBI.
               | Before getting to the political problem of dismantling
               | benefits, some of which pay out more than $12,000 a year
               | and have a vocal, sympathetic minority willing to fight
               | for them.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | > _I think people are reasonably skeptical of this part_
               | 
               | I think that understates it: some enormous fraction (like
               | 45%) of federal government spending is for retirees
               | (Social Security, Medicare and government funded pension)
               | who represent only about 15% of the population.
               | 
               | That's the unsquareable circle for UBI.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > Before getting to the political problem of dismantling
               | benefits, some of which pay out more than $12,000 a year
               | and have a vocal, sympathetic minority willing to fight
               | for them.
               | 
               | The best way to handle this is to give people a one-time
               | election of whether they want the UBI. If they want the
               | UBI, they're disqualified from _all_ of these other
               | programs, for life.
               | 
               | Then nearly everyone picks the UBI. The person receiving
               | $500 from other programs certainly does, so does the
               | person receiving $10,000, probably even the person
               | receiving $12,500 because they get to avoid doing the
               | paperwork every year for all the other programs.
               | 
               | You're left with the negligible percentage of people who
               | actually receive non-trivially more than $12,000 under
               | other programs, representing a minority of the existing
               | funding. This could also be assisted by dropping some of
               | the less sympathetic programs immediately and further
               | reducing the number of people on the other side of the
               | $12,000 line. And the percentage shrinks over time,
               | because someone picks the UBI at age 18 and then 10 years
               | later discovers they might have received $16,000 this
               | year from some other set of programs, but they've already
               | made their choice. After a few years the other programs
               | have so few people using them that there is no political
               | will to continue them at all.
               | 
               | And recall that one such program is social security,
               | which is currently funded by a 12.4% tax. That by itself
               | is more than half the way to 22%. And all the existing
               | retirees who choose that over the UBI would then not have
               | to be paid the UBI.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | We are no where close to reaching the top of the Laffer
               | curve, and we never have been. It is a non issue for
               | economists.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | I can try to give you a theoretical tax breakdown using
               | real numbers.
               | 
               | In 2018, the household income quintiles were as follows
               | (https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/household-
               | income-...)
               | 
               | Lowest quintile mean: $13,775
               | 
               | Second quintile mean: $37,923
               | 
               | Third quintile mean: $63,572
               | 
               | Fourth quintile mean: $101,570
               | 
               | Highest quintile mean: $233,895
               | 
               | There were about 159M employed persons in the US in the
               | most recent high (https://tradingeconomics.com/united-
               | states/employed-persons), about 50% of the US population.
               | We want our UBI to cover everybody.
               | 
               | To make this simple, because quintiles comprise an
               | equally populated group of people, let's imagine that
               | instead of there being ~32M people per quintile, that our
               | nation has 10 people, where 5 people don't work, and each
               | of the remaining 5 falls into one of the quintiles.
               | 
               | If we wanted to define a UBI of $18,000 per person, we
               | need to somehow come up with $18,000 * 10 == $180,000 to
               | distribute to everyone equally.
               | 
               | If we fund this progressively, each individual would have
               | to pay:
               | 
               | Unemployed #1: 0 (statistically, a child)
               | 
               | Unemployed #2: 0 (statistically, a child)
               | 
               | Unemployed #3: 0 (statistically, a retiree)
               | 
               | Unemployed #4: 0 (statistically, a retiree)
               | 
               | Unemployed #5: 0 (statistically, a disabled person or
               | stay-at-home caretaker)
               | 
               | Lowest: $8,000
               | 
               | Second: $12,000
               | 
               | Third: $21,000
               | 
               | Fourth: $36,000
               | 
               | Highest: $103,000
               | 
               | Total revenue: $180,000
               | 
               | Then consider that everyone here is receiving back 18,000
               | under the UBI. The highest quintile earner's net take-
               | home is, thus 233,895-103,000+18,000 == $148,895, which
               | effectively renders their effective tax rate approx 36%.
               | If you run this breakdown across all quintiles:
               | 
               | Unemployed #1-5: $0 - $0 + 18,000 == $18,000
               | 
               | Lowest: $13,775 - $8,000 + $18,000 == $23,775 (effective
               | tax -73%)
               | 
               | Second: $37,923 - $12,000 + $18,000 == $43,923 (effective
               | tax -16%)
               | 
               | Third: $63,572 - $21,000 + $18,000 == $60,572 (effective
               | tax 6%)
               | 
               | Fourth: $101,570 - $36,000 + $18,000 == $83,570
               | (effective tax 18%)
               | 
               | Highest: $233,895 - $103,000 + $18,000 == $148,895
               | (effective tax 36%)
               | 
               | You'll notice that the top 2 pay a tax rate that's
               | comparable to today's. We wouldn't necessarily need to
               | increase everyone's taxes by the above amount, because
               | there's some wiggle room in the Federal budget. Examples:
               | we can probably eliminate Social Security (which would
               | just be replaced by the UBI), EITC/CTC (basically already
               | a BI), and food stamps (ditto). Medicare, which is an in-
               | kind benefit, can either be eliminated, or it can
               | continue to exist but be paid for by the UBI. Ditto
               | Medicaid.
               | 
               | Also notice that because the lowest quintile still ends
               | up with more than the unemployed person after their
               | taxes, there isn't a disincentive to work.
               | 
               | This math also assumes that we're giving people $1,500
               | per month, and also assumes that children will receive
               | the same amount as adults -- a UBI may only pay $1,000
               | per month to adults, and $500 per month to children, in
               | which case the effective tax rates would be lower.
               | 
               | This math also assumes there is 0 VAT. This math also
               | ignores payroll taxes, which account for 35% of the
               | current Federal revenue.
               | 
               | We can play with different levels of progressivity and
               | generosity, but the idea is the same. We can scale up
               | from single-person quintiles to million-person quintiles,
               | but the percentages don't change.
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | Perusing the Wikipedia page for the Laffer Curve
               | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laffer_curve), it seems
               | that most studies find we could double our current tax
               | rates and still be on the left of the peak (65%-70%).
               | Given that our current federal revenue is appr. $3.5
               | trillion, it seems we could afford Yang's $2.8 trillion
               | in UBI without issue.
               | 
               | Source for UBI total cost: https://freedom-dividend.com/
               | note: I ignored his ~$0.9 trillion in predicted
               | savings/economic growth but that would lessen the bill
               | even more.
        
               | trianglesphere wrote:
               | You can ballpark these numbers just fine. 500/mo UBI for
               | 350 Million recipients is $2.1T per year. US GDP prior
               | the pandemic was ~20T. Expenditures were about 4.4
               | trillion, revenue was 3.5 trillion (2019 numbers).
               | 
               | 500/mo or 1k/mo UBI does require raising taxes and
               | consolidating programs (a polite way of saying cutting).
               | At 500/mo you'd raise the total tax rate (as of GDP), but
               | it'd not be an unreasonable raise (as compared to 2k/mo
               | UBI for all citizens which would need taxes at 40% of US
               | GDP).
        
               | mensetmanusman wrote:
               | We get China to buy our bonds forever :)
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Definitely have seen and experienced the same thing - but
               | hey, if we succeed in banning cash, no one can dodge
               | taxes?
               | 
               | It also removes a huge relief valve for large segments of
               | the population to survive that can't meet the bar
               | demanded of the 'normal' workers.
        
               | brippalcharrid wrote:
               | Are you sure this is realistic, or would it end up being
               | a net negative for people earning above $20k-$25k? There
               | are a lot of people who are opting out of paid
               | employment, one way or another, under the current model.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | The people at the top will move to a tax haven.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | Unless they're going to stop using banks with branches in
               | New York, that's not going to help a ton if the IRS gets
               | funded.
        
               | orthecreedence wrote:
               | Good. Let them. They don't produce anything.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | The nice thing about a UBI is that it's still progressive
               | even if funded by a flat tax, like VAT, because with the
               | UBI it's still a net transfer to lower income people. How
               | are the people at the top going to avoid VAT? By moving
               | all their customers to a tax haven?
               | 
               | Also, in this context "the top" is anything above the
               | middle. Are lawyers and petroleum engineers going to move
               | to a tax haven?
        
               | curryst wrote:
               | > Are lawyers and petroleum engineers going to move to a
               | tax haven?
               | 
               | Yes? I'm not a particularly special engineer, and a
               | significant part of my decision to leave California was
               | the income tax. I'm certainly not alone there.
               | 
               | Also bear in mind that "tax haven" is a relative term.
               | Canada can become a tax haven if their taxes are lower
               | than ours. Europe can be a tax haven if their taxes are
               | lower. If my net income in the US (taking into account
               | higher salaries) comes out the same as what I would make
               | in Europe, I'm moving to Europe. I'd much rather have the
               | safety net than UBI.
        
               | dllthomas wrote:
               | > The nice thing about a UBI is that it's still
               | progressive even if funded by a flat tax.
               | 
               | I think this takes more thought. I agree that we want a
               | progressive curve, and that UBI-with-a-flat-tax gives us
               | a progressive curve, but I don't think we've established
               | that it gives us the curve we want. Moving from the ideal
               | curve to the (potentially) less than ideal curve for the
               | sake of easier enforcement may still be worth it, and may
               | still produce a system that we'd prefer to the current
               | one, but we have to actually establish that.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | UBI-with-a-flat-tax gives a very nice curve, and on top
               | of that you can make it arbitrarily more or less
               | progressive by adjusting the amount of the UBI. A larger
               | UBI with a higher flat tax rate is more progressive.
               | 
               | It's mostly just not that compatible with confiscatory-
               | level taxes on very high income people, but the cause of
               | the trouble there was never really the taxes (once they
               | were paying the same rates as ordinary people). The
               | problem there is regulatory capture and inadequate
               | antitrust enforcement leading to abusive consolidated
               | corporate empires.
        
               | dllthomas wrote:
               | > UBI-with-a-flat-tax gives a very nice curve
               | 
               | It gives a family of curves, and as you say you have a
               | knob you can turn...
               | 
               | I don't have a strong opinion about exactly what shape
               | the curve should have, but I do have a strong opinion
               | that it's probably important and I've noticed a tendency
               | (first in myself!) for UBI proponents to be satisfied
               | having checked the "it's a progressive curve" box without
               | having looked carefully at whether it can produce the
               | particular progressive curve we (more broadly) want.
               | 
               | Edited to add: I suppose if we do find that we need
               | people to be taking home marginally more for the first N
               | dollars earned, we could add a rebate based on reported
               | income. Small fraud ("I reported a little more than I
               | actually made") winds up pretty bounded in the amount it
               | can walk off with; larger fraud ("I invented 500 people
               | who are reporting income") isn't that much bigger a
               | concern than it would already be with a UBI since the
               | maximum rebate is probably much smaller than the stipend
               | that would otherwise be expected. Note that I'm not
               | calling for this, just exploring the space.
        
               | shytey wrote:
               | People who move abroad still have to pay taxes in the US,
               | unless they renounce citizenship.
               | 
               | Some remote workers who can might do that but I doubt
               | very many.
        
               | ur-whale wrote:
               | > People who move abroad still have to pay taxes in the
               | US, unless they renounce citizenship.
               | 
               | There are almost no countries in the world that milk
               | their citizens that way.
               | 
               | Two exceptions I know of:                   - USistan
               | - Eritrea
               | 
               | Nice company you guys keep over there.
        
               | bit_logic wrote:
               | Are you just saying that or did you look at his proposed
               | plan? It included VAT and other ways to make it
               | sustainable.
        
           | at-fates-hands wrote:
           | I agree though. If we ever want to have a chance at closing
           | the gap between low and middle classes, then we need a basic
           | income for people making under a certain income. Taking away
           | the hardships of deciding whether to put gas in your car or
           | get groceries isn't a decision someone should have to make.
           | An extra $500-1K per month for those people would make a
           | world of difference and ease a lot of those everyday
           | decisions.
           | 
           | The utopia would be having low income housing running on
           | solar with affordable EV's for people under a certain income
           | level as well. Combined with a basic income, it would
           | certainly make a huge decrease in poverty and allow these
           | people to bootstrap themselves into the middle class.
           | 
           | EDIT: for poor math skills. lol
        
             | ptomato wrote:
             | > we just had several trillion dollar stimulus bills that
             | could've given every person in the country a million
             | dollars
             | 
             | damn, didn't know covid killed 99% of the US population.
             | rough.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | It's ironic that, in a post promoting basic income, you
             | make an error in arithmetic amounting to hundreds of
             | trillions of dollars
        
             | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
             | Can I ask where you heard that we could have given every
             | person in the country a million each? I've seen that quoted
             | all over the place, and can't figure out why, given that
             | it's off by a factor of about a hundred.
        
             | repsilat wrote:
             | > _could 've given every person in the country a million
             | dollars each_
             | 
             | That'd be $329 trillion[1], which is on the order of 100x
             | what we spent.
             | 
             | 1: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=%241+million%2Fper
             | son+...
        
             | geitir wrote:
             | That's completely incorrect. If you take the us population
             | over 18, that is 209 million. If we assumed 5% are wealthy,
             | that's 198 million who would need to get 1 million dollars.
             | If you multiply 1 million by 198 million, you 198 trillion
             | dollars.
        
           | kukx wrote:
           | The people need to take care of themselves first, then their
           | family, then their immediate surrounding, then their region
           | and their country. Reversing the dependency on a large scale
           | is not sustainable. Someone's right is someone else
           | responsibility, for someone to receive money, someone else
           | has to provide it. The government is a middleman in this
           | transaction that wastes a substantial share of the value in
           | the process.
        
             | colejohnson66 wrote:
             | The problem with the "pull yourself up by your bootstraps"
             | thinking is that it ignores being born into the problem.
             | Sure, some people can work their way out of a rut that
             | their parents were in, but the majority can't.
        
               | kukx wrote:
               | Sure, there are limits to the extend in which people can
               | take care of themselves. For example if they are born
               | with a low IQ they may never be able to do provide a net
               | benefit to any job or almost any job. So that they are
               | effectively unemployable. But if you are able to do
               | anything of benefit to the society then you should do it.
               | And having a job is the way to do it and be sustainable.
        
               | stcredzero wrote:
               | _The problem with the "pull yourself up by your
               | bootstraps" thinking is that it ignores being born into
               | the problem._
               | 
               | This is both right and wrong. Asian immigrants are
               | notorious for arriving on foreign shores, penniless, then
               | winding up owning businesses and sending their kids to
               | top tier schools. The problem isn't being born into not
               | having money and things. The problem is being born into
               | an environment that sets children up for future failure.
               | 
               | The good news, is that such cultural practices aren't
               | attached to race or ethnicity and so can be learned and
               | adopted. There are historical precedents for this.
               | 
               | The bad news, is that other cultural practices can do the
               | opposite, and insulate groups of people against things
               | like valuing education and a work ethic.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | All immigrants work hard. That's how they ended up here.
        
               | _huayra_ wrote:
               | Most people who are immigrants have almost by definition
               | a better-than-average work ethic. You can see this if you
               | know a bunch of people from country X when you live in
               | country Y (where Y is usually a country "better off" than
               | X), and then you go visit country X. You'll see that the
               | "expats from X" you see while living in Y may be of a
               | higher caliber (e.g. entrepreneurial, in your example),
               | the people who did not expatriate do not often contain
               | the same values.
               | 
               | As someone who lived in the US for a long time and now
               | lives in Europe, I can tell you that all of the Americans
               | I've met over here (who are not vacationing) are
               | incredibly driven and entrepreneurial. They do not at all
               | reflect the average American back in the US (e.g. I don't
               | know a single Trump supporter over here; the Democrats
               | Abroad caucus typically goes far more liberal than any
               | state, supporting Bernie Sanders in 2016 by a very wide
               | margin).
        
               | ed25519FUUU wrote:
               | > _I can tell you that all of the Americans I 've met
               | over here (who are not vacationing) are incredibly driven
               | and entrepreneurial. They do not at all reflect the
               | average American back in the US (e.g. I don't know a
               | single Trump supporter over here;_
               | 
               | This is a strange observation to me because Trump did
               | _very_ well with the small business owner demographics.
               | 
               | https://news.gallup.com/poll/284396/small-business-
               | owners-hi...
        
               | _huayra_ wrote:
               | I would guess that the interests of SMB owners for US
               | residents and expats differ. SMB owners in the US
               | probably think more short-term and think that policies
               | from Trump will help them (which they may, but will
               | ultimately continue the steady decline of the US
               | workforce, e.g. lack of a social safety net, upward
               | mobility, lack of education, a broken patchwork of
               | poorly-maintained car-centric infrastructure).
               | 
               | SMB owners who are US citizens abroad, however, are
               | driven by primarily one thing, regardless of party
               | affiliation: who will be most likely to support a rewrite
               | of the punitive tax laws that the US places on its
               | expatriate citizens (which no country other than Eritrea
               | does).
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | Not sure how true that generalization is. If you look at
               | Germany, you'll see high unemployment rates (and less
               | education) among immigrants from Turkey and Arabian
               | countries, while you'll see significantly more success on
               | all fronts for immigrants from e.g. Vietnam.
        
               | curryst wrote:
               | > If you look at Germany, you'll see high unemployment
               | rates (and less education) among immigrants from Turkey
               | and Arabian countries, while you'll see significantly
               | more success on all fronts for immigrants from e.g.
               | Vietnam.
               | 
               | Are refugees counted as immigrants? A lot of the refugees
               | from Syria come through Turkey, so I'm curious if that's
               | throwing off the numbers.
               | 
               | Refugees and immigrants aren't really comparable. The
               | most stark difference is that refugees can (and likely
               | will) be sent back when their country stabilizes enough.
               | If you're a refugee, there's little point in building up
               | a new life when you know it will all come to an end.
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | > Are refugees counted as immigrants? A lot of the
               | refugees from Syria come through Turkey, so I'm curious
               | if that's throwing off the numbers.
               | 
               | No, it's about immigrants from Turkey (who came mostly in
               | the 60ies as regular working migrants to both feed
               | Germany's hunger for workers and buy Turkey's entry into
               | NATO). The Vietnamese on the other hand were often
               | refugees, much poorer and with much less support.
               | 
               | There aren't any relevant numbers about the migrant
               | crisis '15 yet, it's too recent to get meaningful
               | statistics.
               | 
               | > The most stark difference is that refugees can (and
               | likely will) be sent back when their country stabilizes
               | enough.
               | 
               | True, but that very rarely happens in Germany. It's
               | considered cruel to deport someone who has lived in
               | Germany for a few years.
               | 
               | Deportations of asylum seekers usually only happen for
               | so-called "safe countries", e.g. Balkan states, when the
               | request for asylum is denied.
        
               | _huayra_ wrote:
               | I think both can be true: people who emigrate from a
               | country to pursue better career / life opportunities
               | typically are more industrious in my experience than are
               | those who do not (on average; there are plenty of people
               | who don't emigrate who are just as industrious; it's just
               | that those who are NOT industrious do not emigrate at
               | all), while at the same time some immigrants will differ
               | in industriousness based on their country of origin.
        
               | fartcannon wrote:
               | Not just that, but if we rank everyone, some people will
               | inevitably be worse than others. Should those at the
               | bottom be condemned to poverty?
        
               | stcredzero wrote:
               | _Should those at the bottom be condemned to poverty?_
               | 
               | The lesson of the GINI coefficient and the psychology of
               | relative wealth, is that absolute, material well being
               | isn't the issue. The issue is whether people _think_ the
               | cards are so stacked against them, that they will never
               | win.
               | 
               | So the answer is no. We know that condemning those at the
               | bottom will result in civil unrest. Everyone needs to
               | live in dignity, or there will be violence. Psychology
               | has pretty much determined this to be a fact of human
               | nature.
               | 
               | However, this doesn't mean we should have equity. People
               | should be rewarded, and people should also have something
               | to strive for. It's the dignity of the common person
               | which has been eroded over time.
        
               | suprfsat wrote:
               | That's pretty much the main political divide in our
               | country. Should poor people have it better off, or worse
               | off?
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | That is an argument and such bad spirit.
               | 
               | The actual discussion is about _the degree_ of which
               | government should handle re-distributing wealth to the
               | lower class and _to what degree_ the middle and upper
               | class is responsible.
               | 
               | The "divide" is that politicians on both sides who's
               | actions don't always match their stated positions.
        
               | clevergadget wrote:
               | yeah as long as they keep the conversation on the
               | extremes they never have to give up anything. If you ask
               | them to give up a 4th car for someone to have food then
               | they are evil for saying no. So they say "Oh we have to
               | give up EVERYTHING and live in the DIRT because of your
               | RADICAL EXTREMISM!"
        
             | specialist wrote:
             | > _Someone 's right is someone else responsibility_
             | 
             | I don't follow. What are some examples of this?
        
               | mariksolo wrote:
               | If college is free (or loans are forgiven), people who
               | never went to college would have to subsidize those who
               | did.
               | 
               | If healthcare is free, people who are healthy have to pay
               | healthcare for those who aren't.
               | 
               | I'm not taking a stance one way or the other on these
               | issues, just trying to illustrate the argument.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | Ok, thanks. IIRC, that's called collectivism.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collectivism
        
           | flavius29663 wrote:
           | $15 an hour is more than you can get in almost any place in
           | Europe or the world for unskilled labor, what are you talking
           | about?
        
             | quijoteuniv wrote:
             | While that might be right,You are not taking into account
             | that in Europe you get free healthcare & education.
        
               | fearling wrote:
               | Education is free up til college in the US and the
               | healthcare for Amazon warehouse workers is the same as
               | for their engineers and Jeff Bezos.
        
               | cwwc wrote:
               | And education is free at almost all Ivy's if you're below
               | a 100K or so salary family.
               | 
               | That said: prereq is you're bonkers smart.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | The same is true at the in-state universities. At that
               | salary, your kid can study at University of Alabama (a
               | perfectly fine institution with great campus life)
               | basically for free.
        
               | naturalauction wrote:
               | The University of Alabama also has surprisingly good
               | merit scholarships for students who are from out of
               | state. I was considering going there and they offered me
               | full tuition + 2 years of housing covered + some other
               | grants (and I wasn't even that good of a student,
               | definitely not Ivy caliber).
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | *and do not have significant assets or college savings
        
               | stcredzero wrote:
               | _That said: prereq is you're bonkers smart._
               | 
               | Meh. I went to an Ivy league, as did my sister. My wife
               | was a grad student at Stanford. My classmates were
               | clever, but they weren't _that_ smart! The standardized
               | test scores can be improved with work.
               | 
               | As for standing out with your essay and CV, I remember a
               | talk from an admissions officer from Harvard. His take
               | was that it's easy to stand out from 99% of students just
               | by actually _doing real, substantive work_. He wasn 't
               | talking about the stuff that's _designed_ to be a student
               | CV stuffer to impress admissions. Do actual, substantive
               | work.
               | 
               | Something like a substantive contribution to a scientific
               | field. Amateurs can still do this. Maybe run a real
               | business. The example this admissions officer gave was
               | someone who dropped out of High School, got a GED, then
               | started repairing motorcycle engines. Then, you also need
               | to make sure your essay is well written, which is another
               | skill which can be learned. Relate your experience back
               | to the academic opportunity, and how this would enable
               | you to benefit society.
               | 
               | There is a problem with this way of thinking of
               | admissions: If you do pursue it in earnest, you might
               | well decide to skip university entirely.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | To some extent, I wonder if the perception that your
               | peers aren't _that_ smart is just due to getting adapted
               | to your environment.
               | 
               | I went to an Ivy coming from an inner city public school
               | and I found it a big culture shock in terms of both how
               | well behaved people were in classrooms and also how
               | quick/smart people were to grasp what I was saying and
               | build on it. By the time I was a senior, I had lapsed to
               | the "people here actually aren't that smart" line of
               | thought - but I wonder if I just got used to being around
               | more intelligent people.
        
               | _huayra_ wrote:
               | I did not go to an Ivy, but I went to the 1-2 ranked
               | public institution in the US (for CS). The baseline is
               | definitely higher, but there is a big gap between people
               | who got there by their own grit and determination and
               | people who got there almost helplessly due to a tidal
               | wave of fortunate circumstances (e.g. parents were in
               | sweng, went to cushy private schools that inflated
               | grades, "did" a bunch of charity work / extracurriculars
               | to pad their resume for college).
               | 
               | The "not smart" people are the latter category: they can
               | still pick things up quickly, but they viewed getting
               | into the institution as the last hurdle they'll have to
               | go through in order to be set for life. They just coasted
               | and got Cs and didn't really care about learning new
               | stuff because they knew the university's name on their
               | degree alone would land them some cushy PM job where they
               | wouldn't need that pesky coding ability every again).
               | 
               | It was actually infuriating because I really enjoy CS and
               | getting paired up with these folks who were born with a
               | silver spoon in their mouths but didn't care was
               | disappointing. Most of them were uncomfortable with the
               | mental struggle of doing difficult group projects, often
               | just showing up for the "design session" but skipping out
               | on most of the coding. I made a lot of enemies out of
               | them when I told the profs to look at my (GPG-signed) git
               | commits and consider how they want to distribute grading
               | points.
        
               | 908B64B197 wrote:
               | > I made a lot of enemies out of them when I told the
               | profs to look at my (GPG-signed) git commits and consider
               | how they want to distribute grading points.
               | 
               | I laughed. Did it change something in the end?
        
               | _huayra_ wrote:
               | In most cases it did: I even wrote a python script to use
               | matplotlib to generate a few "contribution graphs" like
               | one sees on github. That visual was usually enough to
               | tell the profs to not give my teammates any credit when
               | they didn't do diddly squat for code.
               | 
               | I learned most of the "defensive git" tricks during this
               | time because I caught one of these guys trying to rewrite
               | history to claim credit for my commit. That guy got
               | referred to the university's "ya dun messed up bigtime"
               | committee (I forget the actual title) and I think he was
               | kicked out for academic dishonesty. Ever since then I gpg
               | sign all my commits!
        
               | stcredzero wrote:
               | I was in a group project for a Psychology of Business
               | class. This 4th string quarterback/son of a politician or
               | some such just told us on the 1st day, "Well, considering
               | we're graded as a group, I want to tell you I don't care
               | what grade I get, so you guys are doing all of the work!"
        
               | stcredzero wrote:
               | _To some extent, I wonder if the perception that your
               | peers aren 't that smart is just due to getting adapted
               | to your environment._
               | 
               | I've met people who I would describe as _" bonkers
               | smart"_, as the comment I was replying to had it. That
               | is, people who are literally 2-3 times faster at getting
               | to the next step, and just leave the entire room behind,
               | when the room contains a dozen graduate students. They
               | are not _that_ common, even in a place that 's supposed
               | to be populated by the intellectual elite.
               | 
               |  _how well behaved people were in classrooms and also how
               | quick /smart people were to grasp what I was saying and
               | build on it_
               | 
               | These are just skills/habits that can be learned!
        
               | nathanappere wrote:
               | You mean costs the same and as a result is entirely a
               | function of how well you're paid in order to be able to
               | afford better coverage?
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | No, exactly the opposite. ERISA is a Federal law that
               | strictly regulates how plan fiduciaries can operate
               | employer-sponsored health plans. A key element of ERISA
               | is that an employer cannot offer more generous benefits
               | to some employers over other; everyone in the company
               | must be offered the same plans, and within each plan,
               | every beneficiary must be treated the same.
        
               | deckard1 wrote:
               | prior to the No Surprises Act just signed (and maybe
               | after too?) ERISA allowed for balance billing. Which
               | means not even California laws against balance billing
               | would apply.
               | 
               | For anyone not living in the permanently-fucked US, an
               | explanation: your health insurance covers you for "in
               | network" doctors at an "in network" hospital. If you go
               | to an "in network" hospital you would assume (wrongly)
               | that you are fully covered. But no. Some random
               | anesthesiologist can come into your room, provide their
               | service for 20 minutes, and stick you with a $5,000 bill
               | because they are "out of network". And you have ERISA
               | insurance and you are just plain fucked.
               | 
               | Anyone getting health services in the US must hang a sign
               | on their door saying "In Network Only". I'm 100% serious.
               | Every person that walks in your room must be vetted. And
               | good luck if they can't find an "in network" surgeon for
               | that emergency service or whatever.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | Full disclosure: I work in this industry and am a claims
               | adjuster on fiduciary plans that fall under ERISA
               | 
               | Everything you're saying is partially correct, but it
               | heavily depends on the specifics of the plan. FAANG
               | companies, in particular, typically have extremely
               | generous PPO plans that offer 0 co-insurance and broad
               | networks. You're correct that, out-of-network, balance
               | billing may occur, but Amazon's plans have networks so
               | broad that this is unlikely to happen.
               | 
               | In addition, if you look at Amazon's plan documentation,
               | they also offer a Kaiser HMO for which none of this
               | applies.
               | 
               | There's a lot that can be improved around price
               | transparency, but Amazon is one of the few companies that
               | offers Cadillac gold-standard insurance, and because
               | ERISA requires that all employees receive the same
               | benefits, this extends to their full-time warehouse
               | workers too.
        
               | deckard1 wrote:
               | > but it heavily depends on the specifics of the plan
               | 
               | > Amazon's plans have networks so broad that this is
               | unlikely to happen
               | 
               | I mean, this doesn't sound reassuring you know.
               | "unlikely" and "depends on the specifics". That's kind of
               | the problem. No one knows what is covered and what is
               | not. Billing in the US is this labyrinthine thing where
               | hospitals, doctors, and insurance all seem to be making
               | it up as they go along in conjunction with whatever they
               | _feel_ are the laws and whatever they _feel_ like they
               | can get away with. Leaving it up to the patient to appeal
               | after appeal after appeal on a flood of bills they will
               | receive, depending on their operation or service.
               | 
               | You can't even get a detailed bill out of some of these
               | places. The doctors vanish and you're literally stuck
               | talking to one of those robocalling bill collector
               | agencies, which probably has a PO Box in fucking Alaska.
               | It's shady as hell. All of it.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | Believe me, you're preaching to the choir. I personally
               | adjudicate claims, and some of the stuff I see is
               | downright asinine.
               | 
               | All that being said...
               | 
               | > I mean, this doesn't sound reassuring you know.
               | "unlikely" and "depends on the specifics". That's kind of
               | the problem. No one knows what is covered and what is
               | not.
               | 
               | The "likelihood" of this happening, while probabilistic,
               | isn't purely random. I found this tweet by a health
               | policy expert to perfectly capture the status quo:
               | https://twitter.com/CPopeHC/status/1234510323425652737
               | 
               | "American healthcare in short: ~60% (in good employer
               | plans, generous state Medicaid, or M.Adv/Medigap) have
               | the best healthcare in the world. ~30% have insurance
               | with gaps/risk of big bills. ~10% uninsured must rely on
               | uncompensated care, go without treatment, or risk
               | bankruptcy
               | 
               | The strength of M4A proposals is that they begin with an
               | understanding that the 40% exist and need things fixed.
               | Their weakness is that they pretend that the 60% don't,
               | and threaten to take away what they have."
               | 
               | Amazon is, pretty reliably, part of that 60%; it offers
               | some of _the best_ employer health coverage out there.
               | Like, it doesn 't even compare to public health plans in
               | a lot of the world.
               | 
               | All of the problems you brought up (labyrinthine systems,
               | appeal processes, bill collector agencies in Alaska) are
               | real problems that you and I agree need to be solved, but
               | they're also problems that don't afflict beneficiaries of
               | generous plans paid for by rich companies, and that's
               | what we're talking about in the context of Amazon
               | Warehouse workers.
        
               | kolinko wrote:
               | So, what the parent said - they offer various plans, and
               | engineers can choose the more expensive ones, and line
               | workers less expensive ones.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | Most FAANG companies cover all of the premium amount. The
               | only difference is in the deductible. Some engineers
               | might choose a higher deductible plan so that they can
               | take advantage of an HSA and enjoy the triple tax
               | advantage. Warehouse workers are probably better off
               | choosing the $0 deductible HMO plan that Amazon offers.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | It means the employer has to offer a sufficiently
               | generous benefit so that enough of the company's lower
               | income employees sign up for it, such that it passes non
               | discrimination testing rules. Which means the health
               | insurance benefit must be good enough that even the lower
               | paid employees find it makes sense to sign up for it.
        
               | fearling wrote:
               | Decide for yourself how to think about affording these
               | plans: https://www.amazon.jobs/en/landing_pages/benefitso
               | verview-us
        
               | j7ake wrote:
               | Healthcare isn't free in most countries in Europe.
               | 
               | Germany and Netherlands for example the payment is in the
               | order of 100 euros a month for health insurance.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | The warehouse workers get the same (extremely generous)
               | healthcare as every other Amazon employee (due to ERISA).
               | 
               | And even if they didn't, through the Affordable Care Act,
               | someone at that income level can buy a "Gold" plan with
               | low deductibles for $75/month. Obviously for Amazon
               | workers, that's irrelevant.
               | 
               | K-12 education is free, and once you factor in-state
               | tuition and FAFSA, university is also basically free for
               | anyone that continues to make minimum wage throughout
               | their career.
        
               | starlust2 wrote:
               | Neither of the options you listed is free.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | Sure, and healthcare isn't "literally free" in loads of
               | high standard of living first world countries. In France,
               | for example, there's a 20% coinsurance that's paid on all
               | treatments. With a few exceptions, most single payer
               | countries have co-pays.
               | 
               | Amazon's plans can be found here: https://www.amazon.jobs
               | /en/landing_pages/benefitsoverview-us
               | 
               | These plans are extended to every single Amazon employee,
               | including the warehouse workers. Most of the warehouse
               | workers we're talking about would probably choose the
               | Kaiser HMO that has $0 deductible and 100% coverage; all
               | they would pay is $30 co-pay. This is more or less how
               | the single payer healthcare works in Australia, for
               | example.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dangoor wrote:
               | > Most of the warehouse workers we're talking about would
               | probably choose the Kaiser HMO that has $0 deductible and
               | 100% coverage;
               | 
               | No. We're talking about workers in Alabama, and Kaiser is
               | listed on that very page as regional: Kaiser Permanente
               | HMO (California, Colorado, D.C., Maryland, Virginia,
               | Washington)
               | 
               | I'm assuming Amazon charges employees some portion of the
               | insurance premium, as most employers do? Also, there's
               | this:
               | 
               | > Amazon's benefits can vary by location, the number of
               | regularly scheduled hours you work, length of employment,
               | and job status such as seasonal or temporary employment.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | Kaiser operates in Alabama too, just FYI.
               | 
               | You're correct that there's regional variation, but
               | that's mostly a function of the medical networks. For
               | instance, UHC's network may have more coverage in the
               | Northeast than Blue Cross Blue Shield (or vice versa).
               | 
               | Ultimately, as full-time employees, Amazon's warehouse
               | workers are entitled to the exact same health insurance
               | as their white collar counterparts sitting in the
               | offices, and they offer extremely above average Cadillac
               | health insurance.
        
               | dangoor wrote:
               | > Kaiser operates in Alabama too, just FYI
               | 
               | I didn't think so. My company offers us Kaiser as an
               | option as well, but only for folks in states where Kaiser
               | operates (I'm in Michigan). I thought one of the
               | distinctive features of Kaiser is that they offer
               | insurance _and_ have their own clinics.
               | 
               | Regardless, the point of Amazon offering quality
               | healthcare plans to the warehouse workers is still great
               | to hear!
        
               | panta wrote:
               | In Europe free healthcare is guaranteed even if you lose
               | your job, and there are essentially no limitations (if
               | you need an expensive treatment, you get it, no matter
               | what).
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > In Europe free healthcare is guaranteed
               | 
               | Utterly false as a general rule, and free is not as
               | glamorous as you make it sound like. Some doctors will
               | refuse to see patients who are on the free healthcare
               | system, too.
               | 
               | > if you need an expensive treatment
               | 
               | Yeah, if you can wait for it. Ever heard of surgery that
               | sometimes take a year to reserve? Well that's the
               | standard in Europe for certain conditions.
        
               | avereveard wrote:
               | > even if
               | 
               | Bullshit. In Italy only the lowest income brackets get
               | free healthcare, everyone else has various degree of
               | copay. And even then you get terrible services, with
               | queues several months long for exams and quality far
               | inferior from what you get going trough the private
               | sector.
               | 
               | And when I worked and lived in Dublin, same story, I had
               | to pay 270EUR for using emergency services at a public
               | hospital and was lucky to have them covered by the
               | private insurance my employer provided.
        
               | panta wrote:
               | In Italy copay is very limited, almost symbolic, even for
               | those in the highest income brackets. As you point out
               | wait times can be (very) long for exams (at least when
               | there is no indication of urgency), but for
               | serious/complex procedures the quality is way higher in
               | the public sector than in the private one.
        
               | avereveard wrote:
               | Bullshit. Plenty procedures aren't even covered, as soon
               | as you're slightly out of the commonest procedures and
               | you want some quality healthcare you're going to pay, and
               | part yourself from thousands euros.
               | 
               | Proper dental procedures, substitutive hormone therapy,
               | plenty rate stuff require specialists or medicines that
               | mutua doesn't pass. heck if you have a condition that
               | require a specialist during pregnancy you're going to
               | have to pay everything out of your money to avoid the
               | random ginecologist rotation, to the tune of
               | 120EUR+/visit, and you're going to need ten or more if
               | any complication arises.
               | 
               | This is the typical uninformed comment from some ableist
               | that never actually had to suffer from the Italian
               | healthcare beyond the most basic services.
        
               | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
               | That's a very general statement which is false in some
               | countries (e.g. in Poland unless you are a child or
               | elderly and are unemployed, you are going to pay out of
               | your own pocket)
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | >lose your job
               | 
               | >are unemployed
               | 
               | Well, yes?
        
               | yourmom2 wrote:
               | They don't have cash for copays and all the other
               | american nonsense so it's not really the same thing.
        
               | smithza wrote:
               | Also, population for the city is near 25k. A small
               | fraction of those folks enjoy the benefits of this
               | healthcare given by working for Amazon.
               | 
               | Furthermore, it is a bad historical precedent to rely on
               | employers for healthcare. This was a poor side-effect of
               | the wage-hike stoppages during WWII that was later tax-
               | exempted through federal law. It was never well thought
               | out.
               | 
               | Finally, how many people in this town feel they have
               | equal opportunity for social mobility? Decades of
               | economic stagnation and degradation have thrown any
               | plausible arguments towards a "meritocracy/American
               | dream/everyone has an equal chance at success" out the
               | window.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | Wtf?
               | 
               | I need more information about that health care plan. Last
               | time I looked at the market I was looking at worse
               | premiums, coverage, and limits and making garbage pay.
               | 
               | My plan is $500/mo from me and $1500 from my employer
               | with, iirc, 8000 max oop
               | 
               | Edit: I reviewed the plans they offer. Mine is
               | significantly better, excluding the max oop. Anyone know
               | what the costs are for for the plans?
        
               | pxx wrote:
               | This is incredibly expensive compared to the Amazon plan.
               | 
               | You understand that you are paying more in premiums than
               | the premium _plus_ out-of-pocket maximums of these plans,
               | right?
               | 
               | A quick Google search gives
               | https://www.premera.com/documents/042884.pdf which
               | indicates $31 per month (or $14.31 per biweekly pay
               | period), which is $372 per _year_, plus Amazon refunds
               | $500 into your HSA.
               | 
               | There is no way your plan could be better for you,
               | regardless of your circumstances. You start off more than
               | $6000 in the hole compared to the Amazon plan.
        
               | resto49 wrote:
               | From past experience at Amazon, it's anywhere from $20 to
               | $80 per month for individual coverage.
               | 
               | I honestly have trouble believing yours is "significantly
               | better". One of the Amazon plans is a $300/year
               | deductible with $2,300/year oop, and costs $80/month, and
               | Amazon contributes $500/year towards your HRA. Another
               | plan has no deductible, and $1,500/year oop. Those are
               | some of the best healthcare insurance plans I've ever
               | seen in the US, period. I'd believe it if yours was about
               | the same, but it's pretty difficult to be "significantly
               | better" than those.
        
               | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
               | Between less/no copays and specific services my employer
               | covers directly my plan is significantly better for me
               | and my circumstances. My previous employer had virtually
               | identical coverage with higher oop and monthly payment.
               | Just a perk of being in a strong union I guess.
               | 
               | E: I'd love to see the official coverage breakdown offers
               | with prices if anyone has them please share, email in
               | profile if you don't want to share publicly.
        
               | foepys wrote:
               | Do they get free university with an interest free loan of
               | which they only have to pay 50% and only up to 10,000EUR
               | back? And 20+ days vacation days plus 6 weeks paid sick
               | leave plus 18 months job guarantee in case of a longer
               | healing process while being paid 60% of their last wage?
               | Plus 1-2 years unemployment benefits, also at 60% of last
               | wage? Plus 60% paid for up to a year in case of being on
               | furlough during a pandemic? Plus parental leave of 12+2
               | months at 67% of last wage? Plus full health care
               | regardless of being employed? Plus no deductibles,
               | limits, or copay for any health issue?
               | 
               | Talking about Germany here by the way.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > Talking about Germany here by the way.
               | 
               | Talking about the wealthiest country in Europe. I'm glad
               | you are not cherry picking your data when you expose
               | facts.
        
               | splitstud wrote:
               | I'll take the lower tax rate, thanks
        
               | murderfs wrote:
               | Do they get coronavirus vaccines?
        
               | whoknew1122 wrote:
               | You're conflating FAFSA and Pell Grants. FAFSA is an
               | application for student aid. Pell Grants are the federal
               | government grants given to low-income students. The
               | lifetime limit for Pell Grants is $6,3465. As a low-
               | income student, you may also be eligible for Stafford
               | loans, which are federal subsidized loans. Subsidized
               | meaning that the government pays for any interest accrued
               | while you're a part time student, in your six-month post-
               | graduation grace period, or other deferred status.
               | 
               | The estimated cost of attendance at one of the closest
               | public universities, the University of Alabama at
               | Birmingham, has a yearly estimated cost of attendance of
               | $28,695 for in-state students.
               | 
               | University isn't 'basically free' for low income
               | students. My parents lived below the poverty line their
               | entire lives. I graduated with my bachelor's degree and
               | $80k worth of loan debt.
               | 
               | Sure low-income students might be eligible for needs-
               | based grants and scholarships offered at their college.
               | But federal support for low-income students is pitiful
               | and college for those students is a far cry from free.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | If you were below the poverty line when you attended
               | university you could've attended most state schools for
               | free.
        
               | whoknew1122 wrote:
               | Tell that to my student loans. You can try to lie to
               | others, but you're not going to gaslight me.
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | You fucked up. Could've attended college for free, but
               | decided not to.
        
               | xadhominemx wrote:
               | No one's saying it's impossible for someone like to you
               | spend $80k on a four year degree, just that you don't
               | have to.
        
               | resto49 wrote:
               | What you're talking about is highly variable based on
               | college choice and location. Federally, the student aid
               | situation isn't great, but there are many universities
               | that will fully cover all tuition (and sometimes more) if
               | you are under a certain income threshold. See: University
               | of Texas.
               | 
               | You're also narrowly scoping this to talking about one of
               | the largest and fanciest universities in the state.
               | Meanwhile, there are plenty of other colleges in the area
               | that cost fractions of Bama. And of note, Amazon actually
               | pays for up to 95% of tuition/fees for warehouse workers
               | who choose to pursue associates degrees.
               | 
               | There are certainly societal problems in the US regarding
               | education costs and healthcare, but these are both areas
               | where Amazon is actually providing for its workers way,
               | way above what the federal government provides, and even
               | way above what is normal for most Americans (the health
               | insurance that Amazon warehouse workers get is likely
               | better than the health insurance of most of the people
               | posting in this thread). This is the kind of stuff that
               | needs to be kept in mind to understand why Bessemer
               | residents don't all see Amazon as evil.
        
               | whoknew1122 wrote:
               | >"but there are many universities that will fully cover
               | all tuition (and sometimes more) if you are under a
               | certain income threshold. See: University of Texas."
               | 
               | The University of Texas's program is: 1.) Recent 2.)
               | Covers students enrolled at the time the program went
               | into affect. It doesn't cover recently-graduated
               | students. 3.) Only covers Texas residents (meaning it's
               | irrelevant to a conversation about Amazon employees in
               | Alabama) 4.) Only covers tuition, not cost of living.
               | Cost of living, of course, is more than half of total
               | cost of attendance at the University of Texas.
               | 
               | Go ahead. Ask me how I know what it's like to be a low-
               | income student at the University of Texas.
               | 
               | > "You're also narrowly scoping this to talking about one
               | of the largest and fanciest universities in the state."
               | 
               | I scoped it to one of two public universities near
               | Bessemer, Alabama. UAB isn't the flagship campus, the
               | University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa. By the way, the
               | other public university near Bessemer is the University
               | of Montevallo. It has a cost of attendance of 27,845 per
               | year for in-state students.
               | 
               | > "And of note, Amazon actually pays for up to 95% of
               | tuition/fees for warehouse workers who choose to pursue
               | associates degrees."
               | 
               | Is that generous? Yeah. To some extent. But keep in mind
               | the following:
               | 
               | 1.) It only applies to associates degrees. 2.) The yearly
               | payout is $3,000 (for full-time employees, half that for
               | part time) 3.) You have to have worked for a year to be
               | eligible 4.) Amazon only covers certain degrees
               | 
               | You also have to continue working a demanding job with
               | irregular hours. It's not nothing, I agree. But I've
               | worked other non-skilled jobs with much more generous
               | tuition reimbursement packages (including, but not
               | limited to: eligibility for dependents, unrestricted
               | major choice, applicability to four-year degrees, and
               | more generous yearly maximums).
               | 
               | > "This is the kind of stuff that needs to be kept in
               | mind to understand why Bessemer residents don't all see
               | Amazon as evil."
               | 
               | I never said anything about Amazon being evil, or whether
               | Bessemer residents see Amazon as evil. In fact, if you
               | look at my posting history, I've been very upfront that I
               | am an employee of Amazon.
               | 
               | Further, 'not being evil' and 'providing more then the
               | federal (or state governments)' is a very low bar to
               | cross. It doesn't obviate the need for a union.
        
               | happilyFIREd wrote:
               | _You're also narrowly scoping this to talking about one
               | of the largest and fanciest universities in the state._
               | Wow, so low-income students should not aspire to go to
               | schools as  'fancy' as U of Alabama?
               | 
               | Infuriatingly disingenuous argument.
        
               | resto49 wrote:
               | Did anyone say anything even close to that?
               | 
               | Talk about an argument being disingenuous. Don't put
               | words in my mouth.
        
               | AlgorithmicTime wrote:
               | >University isn't 'basically free' for low income
               | students. My parents lived below the poverty line their
               | entire lives. I graduated with my bachelor's degree and
               | $80k worth of loan debt.
               | 
               | You must have done something dumb.
        
               | spectramax wrote:
               | I went to college (University of Georgia) with Pell
               | Grants for free. 100% free including lodging and dining,
               | both Bachelors + Masters in Physics. My parents were
               | unemployed at the time and we interviewed at the deans
               | office for the grant, I clearly remember when my father
               | broke down in tears. I had to borrow friend's books, use
               | the library scanner to create PDFs of the pages that were
               | important - couldn't afford textbooks.
               | 
               | I am eternally grateful for the FAFSA/Pell Grant program.
               | Without it, I wouldn't be conducting fundamental science
               | and getting paid 6 figures.
               | 
               | I know this is N=1 sample size, just wanted to put it out
               | there.
               | 
               | I think college should be free _only_ for people that
               | cannot afford it. Rich kids should pay.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | I went to Georgia Tech, and another _huge_ advantage in
               | Georgia is the HOPE and Zell-Miller scholarships. IMO a
               | model that should be replicated by other States in the
               | Union.
        
               | spectramax wrote:
               | Oh yea, I also had HOPE scholarship I remembered now. It
               | required minimum GPA from highschool if I recall.
               | 
               | Here is some more information:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOPE_Scholarship
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | Sorry to hear that you had $80k worth of debt, that's
               | certainly a lot. It's also several standard deviations
               | above the median. The median student loan debt in the US
               | is about $17,000 (https://www.forbes.com/sites/zackfriedm
               | an/2020/02/03/student...).
               | 
               | In Alabama, you can actually use the net price calculator
               | here: https://financialaid.ua.edu/net-price-calculator/
               | 
               | For a family of 2 that earns minimum wage tuition goes as
               | low as $8,000/year in total, and that's excluding any
               | Federal grants or loans.
               | 
               | Generally speaking, sticker price != net price for the
               | vast majority of students: https://www.manhattan-
               | institute.org/new-approach-curbing-col...
               | 
               | From the link: "The average annual net cost at a four-
               | year public college has grown by almost 81% beyond
               | inflation over the past decade, to $3,870."
               | 
               | Again, I'm sorry to hear about your personal experience;
               | it's totally valid. It's, however, not representative of
               | the median or the majority of the lower class.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | > For a family of 2 that earns minimum wage tuition goes
               | as low as $8,000/year in total, and that's excluding any
               | Federal grants or loans.
               | 
               | To rephrase: "For a family of 2 that earns minimum wage,
               | tuition remains more than 50% of your gross income."
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | That's ignoring Federal grants. Once you factor in all
               | external grants, the _median_ per-year tuition is half of
               | that, if you read the last link. And that 's the
               | _median_. The bottom quintile is ostensibly much less.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | Tuition also does not reflect the full cost of attendance
               | (books, materials can be hundreds or even thousands a
               | semester, depending on your major, and housing can in
               | some cases exceed tuition[0]).
               | 
               | The same source notes that the net TFRB (which I'm
               | reading as cost of attendance, as it isn't defined
               | anywhere) is $15,500, with $6,500 in grants. Or a CoA of
               | ~$9,000 annually. This remains above the 50% number I
               | mentioned.
               | 
               | And it's worth noting that these grants aren't solely
               | federal grants. Universities (and states) offer all kinds
               | of non-need-based aid. The one I'm familiar with, since
               | I'm from Georgia, is the Hope scholarship.
               | 
               | This grant offers 6-10K per year, which is amazing,
               | unless you lose it part way through your education (by
               | failing to maintain what can be a fairly difficult GPA
               | requirement). I nearly lost it my first year. That would
               | have been an additional cost of ~20K over the remainder
               | of my education. That was stressful for me, an upper
               | middle class person with financially responsible parents
               | who had decent savings for my education.
               | 
               | That kind of stress would be compounded for someone who
               | started in more dire financial straits, and who was more
               | heavily relying on the grant money.
               | 
               | [0]: And while some people can live at home, this is not
               | available to many people, and can negatively impact your
               | ability to network and build a social support network
               | with peers at university, which is extremely valuable.
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | I'm from Georgia as well (I went to Georgia Tech).
               | 
               | In addition to HOPE, you also have Zell-Miller which is
               | even more generous (covers housing, food, and books).
               | 
               | The fact that Georgia's aid is tied to merit is a system
               | that I personally agree with, but understand why someone
               | might not. It's something that the voters of each State
               | should litigate.
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | FWIW when I said 6-10K a year, I was including Zell on
               | the upper end of that, and it does a great job of helping
               | the people it helps, and as far as I know is one of the
               | superior grant programs in the US (which is to say,
               | you'll have less support in most other states).
               | 
               | > (I went to Georgia Tech)
               | 
               | Then you're probably familiar with at least part of the
               | controversy: maintaining the Zell/HOPE GPA requirement at
               | GT is _difficult_. So for an above average, but not
               | exceptional student, or a student who doesn 't have a
               | strong support network, the rational decision can be to
               | go to a worse school because maintaining the GPA
               | requirement will be easier.
               | 
               | That means UGA (or State or KSU) over Tech for many
               | people. I think that there are a variety of reasons
               | that's a misalignment of incentives (and thankfully there
               | seems to be some improvements happening in this area).
        
               | bhupy wrote:
               | > So for an above average, but not exceptional student,
               | or a student who doesn't have a strong support network,
               | the rational decision can be to go to a worse school
               | because maintaining the GPA requirement will be easier.
               | 
               | Yes, and I don't see a problem with that. The best
               | schools are for the best students. This response
               | shouldn't surprise you, coming from an alumna of Georgia
               | Tech, which is an extremely rigorous and prestigious
               | school.
               | 
               | I understand that values differ, but at some point,
               | personal responsibility and merit need to count for
               | something.
               | 
               | If the net result of this is that an unexceptional poor
               | student ends up going to KSU or Georgia State instead of
               | Georgia Tech, I'm okay with that. KSU and Georgia State
               | are perfectly fine schools, and its graduates go on to
               | lead perfectly fine lives outside of poverty. I recommend
               | playing with this tool which allows you to see, for every
               | single school and major, what the earnings vs debt is:
               | https://www.wsj.com/articles/which-college-graduates-
               | make-th...
               | 
               | Not everyone is entitled to go to Georgia Tech (or MIT or
               | Harvard) for free; and there are plenty of middle-of-the-
               | lane universities that provide opportunities for
               | unexceptional students, at little to no cost.
        
               | kmlx wrote:
               | free? they're paid for by taxes.
        
               | wolfsayswof wrote:
               | That and more: 1. universal disability benefits 2.
               | usually min 20 days of vacation 3. pension 4.
               | unemployment benefits incomparable to the US 5. unpaid
               | overtime is usually taboo
               | 
               | I live in the US (originally from EU) and I don't like
               | people arguing the EU healthcare sucks without
               | experiencing it themselves.
               | 
               | No matter what your job/status is, you don't have to be
               | scared to see any doctor - dentist, specialist, eye
               | doctor...
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | Well, specifics vary; like in the U.K. - good luck on
               | finding an NHS dentist. Virtually everyone I knew in the
               | U.K. had private dentistry despite it putatively being
               | covered by the NHS.
        
               | plexman wrote:
               | Free? Nothing is free, what do you mean? Healthcare and
               | education don't grow on trees. Dublin income tax is
               | between 30% to 40%, you pay one way or another.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | The _you_ paying taxes in question might be different
               | from the _you_ that is unable to afford healthcare.
        
               | zajio1am wrote:
               | > You are not taking into account that in Europe you get
               | free healthcare
               | 
               | Single payer health care is not necessary 'free'. Here in
               | Czechia one pays mandatory 'health tax/insurance' in
               | addition to regular income tax. But still (IMHO) better
               | than US system.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > free healthcare & education.
               | 
               | Not everywhere in Europe, and "free healthcare" is
               | largely a myth. It's free until it's not. You need
               | glasses? Out of your pocket, and it's super expensive.
               | You need to stay in hospital? It's not going to be
               | anywhere free. And they will kick you out as soon as they
               | can as they are starving for beds and resources. Good
               | luck with that.
               | 
               | Sure, you can always go to the emergencies to get free
               | treatment, and wait 10 hours to see someone who is
               | overworked to diagnose your issues.
        
             | Viliam1234 wrote:
             | $15 an hour is what you get in Eastern Europe as a senior
             | software developer.
             | 
             | But yes, it comes with affordable healthcare, free
             | education, longer vacation, and maternity leave.
        
             | francilien wrote:
             | Lidl in Germany has a minimum starting salary of 12,50EUR
             | per hour. With other benefits like 30 days of vacation.
             | 
             | https://jobs.lidl.de/lidl-als-
             | arbeitgeber/mindesteinstiegslo...
        
               | flavius29663 wrote:
               | so...that's about 15 dollars. Do you consider them to be
               | slaves too?
        
             | avs733 wrote:
             | I love the label unskilled.
             | 
             | I don't think most of my colleagues in academia could
             | physically complete a shift in an Amazon warehouse. Is that
             | a skill?
             | 
             | The labels unskilled and entry level are used to depress
             | wage expectations not accurately represent the requirements
             | of the work performed because the work is deemed to be of
             | low economic value.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | It is called unskilled because there is no particular set
               | of unusual credentials, rare talents, or uncommon
               | training required. The entry bar is very low in that
               | respect.
               | 
               | It doesn't mean, and has never meant it was easy work or
               | anyone could survive doing it for long - rather that the
               | necessary skills (for the majority of the population who
               | doesn't already have them by dint of existing) can be
               | taught in about 5 minutes by someone not trained in
               | teaching it to you.
               | 
               | Ditch digging is 'unskilled' because anyone who can
               | figure out a shovel can do it, and theoretically any
               | random passerby could do it (for a time) to a competent
               | degree. This is unlike a 'skilled' trade, or craft such
               | as electrical work, surveying, etc.
               | 
               | It's something very few people could actually sustain for
               | very long - I spent a week ditch digging before when I
               | was younger - but part of why the pay is terrible and the
               | work is hard is because any rando who needs some cash
               | this week can do it. There is a ton of competition
               | keeping prices low and conditions hard.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Most of your peers in academia could build up the needed
               | physical fitness in a few days and within a week be just
               | as productive as someone else who has been there for
               | years (assuming similar body - obviously someone who is
               | physically disabled can't compete). By contrast it would
               | take the warehouse workers years of study to write
               | software that is any good.
        
               | dfadsadsf wrote:
               | I did tour of Amazon warehouse (they used to run public
               | tours) and most workers there did not look particularly
               | fit or athletic. I would say that people in typical tech
               | office looks more fit. Also Amazon gives you time to ramp
               | up - while your collegues in academia may struggle first
               | week, they will shape up pretty fast.
        
             | stonogo wrote:
             | Have you lived in Alabama on European unskilled-labor
             | wages? I don't think it's a good idea.
        
             | tittenfick wrote:
             | Nah, most jobs in super markets would net you the same (if
             | you have no experience.) Germany here.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | My wife was working at a Starbucks in Munich and started
               | at 10 EUR/hour, which is like 12 USD.
        
             | slantedview wrote:
             | In Europe, workers have workplace safety protections that
             | these Amazon warehouse workers don't have. Amazon workers
             | are treated as disposable, and unlike Europeans, their
             | healthcare benefits don't extend beyond their usefulness to
             | Amazon:
             | 
             | https://revealnews.org/article/how-amazon-hid-its-safety-
             | cri...
        
             | Justsignedup wrote:
             | In Europe there are a lot of social benefits that mitigate
             | this.
             | 
             | - Health care
             | 
             | - Worker protections
             | 
             | - Required time off
             | 
             | - Sick time
             | 
             | - Maternity leave
             | 
             | etc.
             | 
             | Here its $15. And you're on your fucking own.
             | 
             | If you compare it to completely underdeveloped or
             | dictatorial economies... Sure I guess its way better. But
             | the US shouldn't be comparing comparing itself to that. Its
             | like saying "This engineer is horrible, but he's not as bad
             | as this drug addict that is yelling all day outside our
             | front door!"
        
               | seriousquestion wrote:
               | > Here its $15. And you're on your fucking own.
               | 
               | You've been mislead by propaganda. They have healthcare,
               | protections, etc.
        
               | binaryblitz wrote:
               | How so?
               | 
               | In Alabama you cannot qualify for medicaid unless you are
               | a "needy child, parent, caregiver, pregnant woman, or
               | elderly/disabled resident". Meaning you can't qualify
               | just for being low income.
               | 
               | While Amazon does provide decent health insurance, most
               | lower income jobs do not.
               | 
               | I make good money, and have good health insurance and it
               | would still cost me over $1k to go to the hospital.
               | Imagine doing that with no health insurance while making
               | $10/hr.
               | 
               | EDIT: You updated your comment so I'll add on. Sure,
               | Amazon provides health insurance, but a lot of businesses
               | don't. In 2020, ~31 million Americans didn't have
               | insurance. Even if you have health insurance, premiums
               | and deductibles can be astronomical.
        
               | 8bitsrule wrote:
               | "You load sixteen tons, what do you get?
               | 
               | Another day older and deeper in debt
               | 
               | Saint Peter don't you call me, 'cause I can't go
               | 
               | I owe my soul to the company store"
        
               | resto49 wrote:
               | No objection that most of EU is better than the US in
               | these regards, but Amazon warehouse workers get some of
               | the best healthcare insurance that I've ever seen in the
               | US. Similar to what the top-level-commenter pointed out,
               | I guarantee that the warehouse jobs in Bessemer provide
               | among the best healthcare available in the town.
               | 
               | The US as a whole is awful at providing healthcare, but
               | healthcare is a particular area where Amazon actually
               | _is_ going way above what is normal and is provided
               | astonishingly well for its workers.
        
               | motardo wrote:
               | I'm an Amazon warehouse worker in North Carolina. As far
               | as health insurance, I pay 100% of the first $1500, then
               | 10% of the next $15,000 (so $3000 total), then 0% of
               | anything over $16,500. I wouldn't call that astonishing,
               | but it is the minimum $0 monthly premium plan. Also, I'm
               | generally happy at work. I basically feel well paid and
               | well treated.
        
               | entangledqubit wrote:
               | Reply to the sibling comment comparing to insurance of MS
               | SWE. While the absolute values are comparable, $1500 is
               | quite a bit more of an inconvenience at a warehouser
               | worker pay level than at a SWE salary level.
               | 
               | Given the physical nature of the work, I'd consider them
               | more enlightened if they provided a lower deductible at
               | the $0 premium level for every warehouse worker across
               | the board. I'm really getting tired of places treating
               | the long term mental and physical health of workers as an
               | unpriced externality that's later paid for by society.
               | 
               | Also, thanks to motardo for the data point. (I will
               | assume you're an actual warehouse worker.)
        
               | r0m4n0 wrote:
               | Not defending insurance plans in the US whatsoever
               | because I despise their deductible structures but that's
               | actually pretty good.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | This is pretty much the same insurance that full-time
               | SWEs at Microsoft receive at Redmond HQ (well, one of the
               | two options, with the other one being tied to Kaiser
               | specifically, but most people I know take the one that's
               | similar to yours). 100% of the first $1.5k, 10% until you
               | hit the total of $3k, and then everything is free. $0
               | monthly premium as well. That's the one I have myself at
               | the moment.
               | 
               | Glad to see someone like you list the real numbers,
               | because I keep hearing "good insurance" when it comes to
               | Amazon warehouses, but this is the first time I saw
               | someone actually point out the specifics. Also glad to
               | hear that Amazon warehouse workers receive health
               | benefits on par with full-time SWEs (not being sarcastic
               | here, I genuinely am happy to hear this is the case).
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | How much easier is it to keep a job, and thus your health
               | insurance, as a SWE when your body breaks down?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | slimsag wrote:
               | (you didn't say this, but) nobody here should fool
               | themselves into thinking a $3k deductible insurance is
               | equal between an Amazon warehouse employee and a SWE at
               | Microsoft.
               | 
               | $3k for a Microsoft SWE is a "dang, I wish I didn't have
               | to go to the hospital" situation.
               | 
               | $3k for an Amazon warehouse employee earning $15/hr can
               | often be a "there go my savings, I wonder if I got this
               | injury due to the amount of physical activity my job
               | requires" situation.
        
               | DougN7 wrote:
               | It's not all equal, but I'm looking at my $7K deductible
               | with a $1.2K/month premium (ACA Marketplace plan) and I'm
               | thinking that plan looks like gold.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | I see your point, but to be fair, it is 10% after the
               | first $1.5k. And it is already a much better insurance
               | than most people working in offices I know get.
               | 
               | Essentially, what it means is that if an employee spends
               | less than $1.5k/yr on medical expenses, they don't gain
               | much benefit. If they spend over $1.5k, they essentially
               | only spend 10% after that on all of their medical
               | expenses. And once they hit a hard cap at $3k, they spend
               | nothing at all. 90% off for most medical stuff is a great
               | rate.
               | 
               | Not even mentioning the fact that this kind of an
               | insurance is a godsend to people with major health
               | problems, given that in the worst possible scenario, they
               | would only ever spend $3k of their own money in a
               | calendar year on medical stuff. And that's only if their
               | actual pre-insurance-cost expenses are closer to the
               | $16.5k, because $1.5k + $1.5k/0.1 = $16.5k.
               | 
               | And I am yet to see a better insurance out of any
               | employers (not just warehouse employers). Even the
               | "amazing" student insurance I had back in college (which
               | I had to pay the premium for) was much worse than this.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | The benefit is the same, and it's far more lavish than
               | any other $15 job offers. Employers paying for 100% of
               | the health insurance premiums are rare.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Microsoft's healthcare plan used to pay 100% of premiums,
               | but over time it either became unaffordable or didn't
               | work with the ACA.
               | 
               | Currently it's something like "we charge you a lot for
               | the first few months but also give you the money to pay
               | it in your HSA", which makes you wonder why they give it
               | to you in the first place. It's not like you can optimize
               | your prescriptions out of your life, so it's not enabling
               | choice.
        
               | brsiegel wrote:
               | Well not quite, because Microsoft also contributes $1k to
               | an HSA as part of the plan every year.
               | 
               | That said, having to pay up to $3k a year in medical
               | costs when you're earning a Microsoft salary is a much
               | smaller percent of your income than having the pay the
               | same making $15/hr at an Amazon warehouse.
        
               | filoleg wrote:
               | HSA is a separate thing that I don't even personally
               | touch, I was talking about insurance itself.
               | 
               | And I agree with your point, that type of an insurance
               | with a fixed cut-off is regressive in a similar way that
               | a sales tax it. So please don't get me wrong, I am not
               | trying to say that Amazon warehouse workers have it just
               | as good as Microsoft SWEs in terms of benefits (or just
               | in general).
               | 
               | They do, however, have the type of health
               | benefits/insurance that is extremely difficult to beat by
               | literally anyone except what other big tech companies
               | provide to their SWEs. And afaik those benefits for
               | Amazon warehouse workers kick-in on day 1, unlike what
               | it's like at many other similar warehouse jobs.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | To help non-US people understand this plan:
               | 
               | > but it is the minimum $0 monthly premium plan.
               | 
               | The monthly premium is the cost of the insurance plan. A
               | "$0" premium isn't actually $0, it means that Amazon is
               | paying 100% of the monthly costs of maintaining the
               | insurance, requiring $0 contribution from the employee.
               | Many companies (especially warehouse type operations) are
               | less generous, and require some monthly contribution from
               | the employee to pay the premium. The worst health
               | insurance I ever had required me to pay 100% of the
               | monthly premium, with $0 committed by the company. That
               | company lost a lot of employees.
               | 
               | > I pay 100% of the first $1500
               | 
               | This is the "deductible". The covered person is
               | responsible for 100% of costs until the deductible is
               | met, although there are many exceptions. For example, a
               | routine checkup might be 100% covered ($0 cost), as well
               | as a range of preventative care procedures described by
               | the ACA.
               | 
               | > then 10% of the next $15,000
               | 
               | After the deductible has been met, the person is
               | responsible for coinsurance of additional costs. An extra
               | $5000 procedure would translate to a $500 bill for the
               | patient.
               | 
               | > then 0% of anything over $16,500.
               | 
               | This is where the "out of pocket maximum" or OOPM is
               | reached. In this case, the most the patient could expect
               | to pay is $1500 (deductible) + $1500 (10% of next $15K) =
               | $3000. After that, all excess charges are handled by the
               | insurance company until the insurance year resets.
               | 
               | In short: Health care will cost between $0 and $3000
               | depending on how many services are used for the year
               | (excluding fully covered benefits like annual checkup,
               | depression screening, breast cancer screening for women,
               | vaccinations, and other services covered for free under
               | the ACA)
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Great write up! Only caveat is the limits only apply to
               | in network providers (providers that have made a deal
               | with the insurance company), so if you're on a trip and
               | an emergency happens and you end up in a hospital that's
               | not in network, then you're on your own.
               | 
               | But I assume a company like Amazon is dealing with a
               | large insurer part of nationwide networks like BCBS.
               | 
               | Also, insurance companies have their own doctors and
               | pharmacists that might disagree with the patient's
               | doctor's treatment plans, and will not cover the
               | healthcare costs for those items without a "prior
               | authorization" from the insurer. There's an appeal system
               | in place for this too. Although, this type of thing
               | exists without health insurers too, it's just employees
               | of the government deciding what to approve and not
               | approve.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | > Only caveat is the limits only apply to in network
               | providers (providers that have made a deal with the
               | insurance company), so if you're on a trip and an
               | emergency happens and you end up in a hospital that's not
               | in network, then you're on your own.
               | 
               | Actually, out-of-network emergency care is an 'essential
               | benefit' under the ACA, so most plans do cover this
               | scenario.
               | 
               | I actually just screwed myself with this recently. I went
               | to an urgent care while traveling (because that is
               | usually cheaper when I'm at home) and it wasn't covered.
               | An urgent care apparently doesn't count as emergency
               | care. It turns out that I should have gone to the
               | (typically very expensive) ER instead -- it would have
               | been covered 100% because of the ACA!
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Thanks for the correction, I did not know that!
               | 
               | Every time I dig into ACA, I find that it's a pretty
               | decent framework for a non taxpayer funded healthcare
               | system.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | _After that, all excess charges are handled by the
               | insurance company until the insurance year resets._
               | 
               | This is an important point. And a related point.
               | 
               | - Because the OOP payments reset annually, there are
               | perverse incentives to over consume medical care after
               | OOP is reached within a given year. Defer preventative
               | health care until after you have a major medical problem
               | that runs to max OOP, then stack up on preventative care
               | before the year ends.
               | 
               | - Related: Insurance is also tied to employer - if you
               | change jobs, all those OOP values reset (to whatever
               | policies are in place with new employer). This causes
               | friction in the labor market - employer-provided and
               | -subsidized health care prevents people from looking for
               | new employment.
        
               | elyobo wrote:
               | Thanks for the explanation. Interesting to compare to
               | Australia, which has a public health system, but where I
               | still pay ~AUD2960/year, after government rebates (at
               | current rates ~USD2255/year) for moderately crap health
               | insurance for my family even with no medical usage.
               | 
               | In general, we wouldn't even use it to access private
               | health care, because we would then face substantial fees
               | to use it (I don't know exactly; it varies significantly
               | by procedure, has a $500 deductible, substantial copay,
               | and has maximum caps), however we're taxed heavily for
               | _not_ having a private policy.
               | 
               | Our family income has recently pushed over some
               | thresholds in the rebate system, pushing up prices even
               | more, might have to shop around to find an even more
               | useless but cheaper policy.
               | 
               | Australia's public health system is pretty decent, but
               | the half baked private system bolted on the side is a
               | mess. Lots of people paying thousands for unusable
               | insurance which is just sent directly to private
               | companies.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | Why do you prefer the company choosing insurance and
               | paying x% over them paying 0%? Didn't you get the money
               | they didn't pay? I mean what does it matter. Any tax
               | reasons?
        
               | eptcyka wrote:
               | I don't want to entirely discount your experience, but
               | given that Amazon is not beneath sock puppet accounts,
               | how do I know the post is authentic?
        
               | mediaman wrote:
               | Do they have upgraded plans available for purchase, and
               | are they pretty expensive or reasonable?
        
               | killjoywashere wrote:
               | Does Amazon not provide health care to their workers?
               | 
               | https://www.amazondelivers.jobs/about/benefits/
        
               | yourmom2 wrote:
               | It's not a binary thing, nutsac.
        
               | extradesgo wrote:
               | It offers a company plan that workers DO have to pay for
               | and often choose not to because they cannot afford it.
        
               | CarlosEscobedo wrote:
               | almost guaranteed though its not completely covered by
               | amazon, and workers have to pay monthly premiums like
               | most jobs that offer healthcare.
        
               | resto49 wrote:
               | The monthly premium is around $20-80/mo for healthcare
               | plans that are seriously amazing compared to other plans
               | I've seen in America, ie $300 deductible and $2000 out of
               | pocket (with $500 of it covered by Amazon).
        
               | bredren wrote:
               | I was on the bronze-level Obamacare plans for years and
               | it was about $300 for bad coverage in comparison to
               | "real" private insurance.
               | 
               | There is so much digging at Amazon I'd like to see the
               | delivery and warehouse work role required performance
               | metrics and work role benefits posted so we can look at
               | facts.
        
               | randomsearch wrote:
               | "Are there no workhouses?"
               | 
               | Such a difference between talking about working at a
               | warehouse from the outside vs being born into a life that
               | traps you there.
               | 
               | I think HN struggles with topics like unionisation
               | because most of us have just never been at the bottom of
               | society without a way out. We're relatively rich and so
               | highly skilled - we lucked out to be nerds in a world of
               | tech, perhaps due to timing or perhaps because our
               | parents were wealthy enough to put us here.
               | 
               | It's the same phenomena of loving Uber or Airbnb and not
               | understanding the cost to others.
               | 
               | I don't know how to solve this problem. I don't
               | personally want to go work at an Amazon warehouse so I
               | can see how awful it is. I work damn hard but I know how
               | lucky I must be.
               | 
               | How do you get the rich to realise that the poor are
               | simply, by definition, less fortunate?
        
               | sbacic wrote:
               | "In Europe" in this case means "Western Europe". I'm
               | pretty sure many would take the $15/hour over the social
               | benefits in say, Bulgaria.
        
               | smnrchrds wrote:
               | No, it means anywhere in the EU for the most part. For
               | example, EU mandates all member states to give workers at
               | least 4 weeks of paid vacation. Many have 5 or 6 weeks,
               | but 4 is the bare minimum.
               | 
               | https://eur-
               | lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX...
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Touch choice. As far as I can tell, the social welfare
               | system in Bulgaria covers unemployment, healthcare, sick
               | leave, maternity and paternity leave. The country looks
               | like an amazing place, however it's population is in
               | decline, it is corrupt and it has variety of huge
               | problems. Minimum wage is about US$1.16.
               | 
               | https://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=1103&langId=en
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria
        
               | u678u wrote:
               | Free healthcare - yeah I had to go to a hospital in
               | Romania - I'd take my Alabama private hospital any day.
        
               | libraryatnight wrote:
               | That likely has more to do with Romania than the free
               | healthcare.
        
               | toomim wrote:
               | Those things are not so easily separable.
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | They are once you stop ignoring the other countries with
               | free healthcare.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | So work hard and get a better job. The fact is that you
               | will not if you have a safety net under you. I lived on
               | welfare and refused to make more money until it was a LOT
               | more money. I finally got off the safety net only when my
               | income increased five fold. Even that was a little
               | begrudging because I had $800 a month in food stamps and
               | free medical care and so all those costs got flipped onto
               | me--not to mention the $6000 tax credit I lost and
               | instead had to pay that amount. There are many families
               | who are pulling down far more in benefits than I was.
               | These safety nets are fucked up, and they gotta go. A
               | better alternative is either UBI or a negative income
               | tax.
        
               | dvdkon wrote:
               | The worse job you'd leave still need to exist, it's just
               | going to be someone else toiling in unreasonable
               | conditions. Sure, "get a better job" is something people
               | in low-paying jobs should strive for, but it's selfish
               | only to care about one's own situation and ignore the
               | people you're leaving behind.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > In Europe there are a lot of social benefits that
               | mitigate this.
               | 
               | Europe is not one country. I hope you realize it's hard
               | to generalize.
        
             | blablabla123 wrote:
             | You can earn 15 EUR/h (18 $) on average for cleaning in
             | Munich. Minimum wage is at 9.50 EUR/h (11.30 $) though in
             | Germany.
        
             | hhjinks wrote:
             | I made what translates to roughly $14 doing gallup calls as
             | a teen in Europe.
        
             | backtoyoujim wrote:
             | That the labor conditions being just as one would imagine
             | for a near-trillionaire's empire creeping on the distressed
             | poverty of a white supremacist soul devouring harvester.
             | 
             | Why ... what did you think that the subject was, dear ?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | el-salvador wrote:
             | $15 x 8h x 20 days = $2400 monthly would place you in the
             | top 5% earners where I live.
        
             | specialist wrote:
             | Why are you comparing absolute dollar amounts? Is the cost
             | of living the same every where?
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Cost of living in the middle of nowhere in the US is
               | almost certainly less than nearly anywhere in Western
               | Europe. The media home value in Bessemer is like $90,000.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | Go on...
               | 
               | Food? Health care? Transportation?
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | The COL in Bessemer is going to be less than in Western
               | Europe. Do you live in America?
               | 
               | You're right that healthcare could be more expensive, but
               | there is also employer-covered health insurance.
        
               | DC1350 wrote:
               | Food and housing is extremely cheap in America. Americans
               | have an extremely low cost of living and low taxes
               | compared to every other wealthy country. Also higher
               | wages for similar jobs.
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | If you have a counterpoint, make it.
               | 
               | I'll try for you: the cohesive view of cost of living
               | would show these rubes to be peasants to the unskilled
               | European's millionaire.
               | 
               | Interesting point, where's your data?
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | > _Interesting point, where 's your data?_
               | 
               | Exactly. Why would u/flavorous make a drive-by comment
               | and not cite any data?
               | 
               | I expected something like this, for international
               | comparisons:
               | 
               | https://worldpopulationreview.com/state-rankings/cost-of-
               | liv...
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | rayiner did give a data point. Just not a source. And
               | that's because they were indulging you.
               | 
               | That link and your refrains about data are signs of
               | flailing due to lack of rhetorical content. Your argument
               | is Europe good; US bad.
        
               | benmller313 wrote:
               | I think the cost of living in Small town Alabama is going
               | to compare pretty favorably to anywhere in Europe.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | Until you get sick and/or can't work that is.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Up thread there were claims of reasonable (by broken
               | American healthcare system standard) zero cost insurance
               | plans offered by Amazon. Was that true or false?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | asdff's point is that if you're unable to work, you no
               | longer have access to those benefits since you will no
               | longer have a job.
        
               | fearling wrote:
               | Good point, it's even cheaper in Bessemer AL than
               | basically anywhere in Europe, too
        
               | flavius29663 wrote:
               | energy is cheaper in the US: electricity and gasoline
               | (half price or cheaper). Groceries are significantly
               | cheaper (food is of lower quality, but at least cheaper).
               | Sales tax is around 20% in Europe vs 4% in Alabama.
               | Property tax is a quarter of what it is generally in
               | Europe...I can go on and on. If you are not a felon, you
               | own a car and are healthy, life is pretty easy in the US,
               | even for a low wage worker.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | You should include car costs ( + gasoline, maintenance,
               | insurance) vs walking/biking/public transit. And
               | healthcare costs, and education costs, and social safety
               | net ( meaning that you need less of a savings account to
               | be able to avoid disaster ).
               | 
               | I'm certain that a small town in Italy or Spain could
               | come out cheaper.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | Ditto life expectancy, suicide rates, and other happiness
               | index stuff.
               | 
               | Apropos of nothing: Much pedantry about wages in a
               | blighted area. Crickets about billionaires sharing some
               | of their cheddar with the peons.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | Crap, i also forgot time off, maternity/paternity leave,
               | "sick days", etc. It's hard to put a price on 30 days of
               | paid vacation per year.
        
               | radicalbyte wrote:
               | If the post above about average houses costing $90k there
               | are true, then the Amazon workers are earning about $26k
               | a year, that's around 3.5x salary to house cost.
               | 
               | I live in the middle of The Netherlands; the average
               | house price is 360k and the average wage is 36k, that's
               | around 10x salary to house cost.
               | 
               | One important point: in almost all cases in NL both
               | partners work, the general rule is that women work part
               | time and increasingly couples under 40 both work full
               | time. That's how the insane house market is propped up.
               | 
               | Healthcare costs are around 200 EUR / person / month at
               | the limit (you pay ~110 and the deductible is about 900
               | EUR a year).
        
               | kolinko wrote:
               | You need to add costs of education, which is free in
               | Netherlands, and multiple other social services (like
               | public transit).
        
               | radicalbyte wrote:
               | Education is most certainly not free here. It would cost
               | me 20k to do a Masters, and my wife took on debts of ~80k
               | to pay for her education.
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | There are plenty of jobs in western Europe that will pay
             | similar and won't force you to pee in a bottle or your
             | pants.
             | 
             | That's ignoring the whole healthcare situation... which I
             | think you're leaving out of the equation.
             | 
             | 30 seconds of searching indicates the average grocery store
             | clerk in the UK makes 8.80GPB/hr. Add on healthcare and
             | they're coming out far ahead of an amazon warehouse worker.
             | 
             | https://www.payscale.com/research/UK/Industry=Grocery_Store
             | _...
        
               | Grimm1 wrote:
               | Amazon Warehouse workers have medical coverage here too.
               | So they're leaps and bounds ahead if you want to go ahead
               | and say that.
               | 
               | Of course the US healthcare system is broken so I know
               | what you're getting at but I don't know that I want
               | Amazon to pay their workers > $15 to subsidize a broken
               | healthcare system for their workers I just want a
               | functional healthcare system and for them to continue to
               | make $15/hr.
        
               | avs733 wrote:
               | > Amazon Warehouse workers have medical coverage here
               | too. So they're leaps and bounds ahead if you want to go
               | ahead and say that.
               | 
               | incorrect. they are OFFERED healthcare coverage. By this
               | use of the word have, I have a private jet because I
               | could buy one if I had the resources.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | They nearly universally take that offer (I don't even
               | need to check to state that as a fact, the way US health
               | care is everyone takes what they are offered). That is
               | very different from an offer that nobody takes.
        
               | tw04 wrote:
               | >Amazon Warehouse workers have medical coverage here too.
               | So they're leaps and bounds ahead if you want to go ahead
               | and say that.
               | 
               | Sorry, are you seriously trying to claim an HSA is better
               | than universal healthcare?
               | 
               | >Of course the US healthcare system is broken so I know
               | what you're getting at but I don't know that I want
               | Amazon to pay their workers > $15 to subsidize a broken
               | healthcare system for their workers I just want a
               | functional healthcare system and for them to continue to
               | make $15/hr.
               | 
               | I'm not even sure where you're going with this. The
               | original claim was that $15/hr was better than you can
               | get in Europe. I pointed out the hourly wage actually
               | isn't much better, and oh by the way, that wage doesn't
               | include healthcare (which it doesn't). If you want
               | healthcare coverage you have a monthly fee, plus your co-
               | pay and deductible. Not even REMOTELY competitive to
               | western Europe unless you're one of the lucky few who
               | literally never gets in an accident and never gets sick
               | (as well as your entire family).
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | > Sorry, are you seriously trying to claim an HSA is
               | better than universal healthcare?
               | 
               | It's not an HSA and nothing else. It looks like it's
               | similar to my employer plan which is actually more
               | generous than some universal systems - I have gotten the
               | same services here and in Australia and I pay less here.
               | Mainly because those don't include dentists/mental
               | health.
        
               | Grimm1 wrote:
               | I said it pretty clearly, it's not Amazon's fault that US
               | healthcare is broken. Comparing EU to US for wages is
               | thus largely fruitless. Fix our healthcare then your
               | comparison might be useful.
               | 
               | I was attempting to nicely dismiss your comparison.
        
               | avs733 wrote:
               | It is not Amazon's fault but there is nothing legally
               | preventing them from doing better. That is a choice by
               | Amazon. They offer worse health insurance for more money
               | than I have available to me.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | > Sorry, are you seriously trying to claim an HSA is
               | better than universal healthcare?
               | 
               | I think it can be. Depends on the details but an HSA
               | comes with a high-deductible plan. This is normally ideal
               | for young people, who are generally healthy and only need
               | insurance for rare catastrophic illness or serious
               | accidents. Normal, routine care (checkups, immunizations,
               | etc.) can be budgeted and paid out of the HSA tax-free. I
               | don't see why that stuff should be "free" for most
               | people, any more than groceries or utilities or housing
               | should be.
        
               | binaryblitz wrote:
               | There are actually tons of studies that show preventive
               | healthcare reduces spend later on. For instance, if you
               | pay for someone's routine checkup you might catch a heart
               | issue or cancer early. Both insurance companies and the
               | government (Medicaid/Medicare) would save money by paying
               | for preventative care.
               | 
               | Study by the NIH:
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5296930/
        
               | zip1234 wrote:
               | An HSA doesn't mean that you don't have preventative
               | care. I have a high deductible plan plus HSA and there
               | are things like annual checkups covered without going
               | into deductible.
        
               | bsanr2 wrote:
               | So about those.
               | 
               | I started with a new doctor after finally getting
               | insurance a few years back. I told them I needed to come
               | in for my annual check-up, and came in with a list of the
               | things that had been bothering me and that I hadn't been
               | able to get looked at (this is common for people who have
               | not had healthcare access). The doctor spent 15 minutes
               | with me, doing the bare minimum of setting up outside
               | testing/imaging - as in, basically no guidance that day -
               | and then coded it as a 45-minute, in-depth consultation
               | ("because of the number of issues addressed"). $250.
               | Before any tests or treatment. For reference, that was
               | about 1% of my annual take-home. For a lot of you, that's
               | like paying a grand or more just for your doctor to
               | direct you elsewhere.
               | 
               | So, yeah, certain things are "covered." But the structure
               | of our healthcare system forces our clinics and hospitals
               | to operate like many other American businesses, which is
               | "in a predatorial manner."
        
               | emayljames wrote:
               | Universal Healthcare systems can and do provide a
               | significantly better coverage and vastly more cost
               | efficient system. What you just said is selfish
               | healthcare provision, look out for yourself and to heck
               | with everyone else.
               | 
               | You have no empathy for people who can never afford
               | ridiculous health care systems in private systems. This
               | optimises the failed "rugged individual" philosophy that
               | has only lead to ruin.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | > I don't see why that stuff should be "free" for most
               | people
               | 
               | I do. Having a healthy population benefits me. Having
               | people immunised, cared for and well keeps me healthier
               | and safer. Having people lose homes and jobs and
               | potentially their lives because they can't afford
               | healthcare is not something I support.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | If you have a HSA it is just as good as any other
               | universal health care. Depending on what you decide to
               | value you can argue it is better or worse, but either way
               | for practical purposes you don't have to worry about
               | going to the doctor when you need to.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | > If you have a HSA it is just as good as any other
               | universal health care.
               | 
               | I'm not American and have only just learned about HSAs
               | and totally fail to understand your comment. Could you
               | explain how they help someone poor pay for medical
               | expenses? Doesn't the account get low/empty and then
               | you're out of funds?
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | When the HSA gets to zero you reach your yearly max and
               | insurance takes over and you don't pay any more.
               | 
               | I'm not sure how Amazon works, but my plans works
               | something like (I'm rounding to make it easy, the reality
               | is slightly more complex) that I pay everything for the
               | first $3000, then for the next $15,000 I pay 20%, and
               | thereafter I pay nothing. My total out of pocket is
               | $6000/year, which is also the most I can put into the HSA
               | per year, and my employer matches some of my
               | contributions to in reality I'm getting $7k/year while
               | only a few rare loop holes can get me close to needing
               | that much. It is very rare for anyone to have more than
               | $18k in medical expense per year (I had a baby last year
               | and still am well below that), so for most people the HSA
               | is another retirement account.
               | 
               | Now the HSA does mean I'm not paying $100/month for my
               | insurance, but instead $600/month. However most of the
               | money is invested using the HSA as a retirement account
               | for my medical needs. The idea of the HSA (which has not
               | worked out in practice) is because the money is mine I'll
               | have incentive to shop around for cheaper medical
               | procedures to make sure there is more money for my future
               | retirement, and this should lower costs (in practice most
               | medical things can't be shopped around for, but a few
               | people do look at their itemized bills and sometimes
               | notice a billed procedure that wasn't done).
               | 
               | Now that $600 is $3-4/hr, which is not insignificant to
               | someone making $15/hr. However here again things get
               | complex. That money is pre-tax income, so your taxes are
               | almost cut in half for the year (granted this is only
               | $500 - and only for a single person who can't claim
               | anything else).
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Thank you for this - I get it a bit better and HSAs do
               | more than I thought they did.
               | 
               | It's a phenomenal sum of money to spend, and while you
               | have clearly considered your options, it really shows how
               | expensive it is in the US.
               | 
               | That said, I was surprised to see how high it is in New
               | Zealand where I am ($4204) and how much less you are
               | spending than the average in the US ($10906).
               | 
               | https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/chart-
               | collection/health-...
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Average spending isn't very meaningful here because it's
               | just a few people spending a lot - mostly elderly people,
               | which of course has the effect of nobody inheriting
               | anything anymore because it went to hospital bills.
               | 
               | The median person in the US doesn't spend much more on
               | healthcare than the median European and their income is
               | much higher. (Median income in a poor state like Alabama
               | is higher than the UK.)
               | 
               | Plus we have working clothes dryers. Meanwhile in Sweden
               | they're so poor they have to ration the tvattstuga.
        
               | beaconstudios wrote:
               | the UK healthcare system isn't so great either. It's good
               | enough for a safety net (mostly... the wait times are
               | horrendous for non-emergency work, and I know a guy whose
               | collarbone pokes out at a right angle because his doctor
               | wouldn't fix the break), but if you have a chronic
               | condition that isn't one of the handful of really common
               | ones that all doctors know about (like IBS) then you're
               | mostly on your own unless you go private.
        
               | CraigJPerry wrote:
               | >> because his doctor wouldn't fix the break
               | 
               | That sounds really weird. Why would a UK doctor not fix a
               | break?
               | 
               | I'm guessing there was a medical reason rather than
               | anything to do with the NHS or quality of care?
        
               | beaconstudios wrote:
               | there wasn't a medical reason - if I remember correctly,
               | the doctor said that if it wasn't causing any medical
               | issues then there was no need to fix it.
               | 
               | I've had other NHS experiences that make this not
               | particularly surprising.
        
               | jjk166 wrote:
               | This is typical in the US as well. Last year my
               | girlfriend broke her nose and they said they just let it
               | heal nowadays because it'll probably be fine on its own
               | and they can deal with it later on the off chance it
               | heals improperly.
        
               | libraryatnight wrote:
               | When I did a month summer education program in Cambridge
               | another student on the trip needed a doctor. The
               | experience was pleasant. What you described sounds like
               | an experience you could just as easily have in the US
               | with one of our many sub-par medical professionals that
               | can't do anything but prescribe antibiotics. Bad doctors
               | will exist no matter the system.
               | 
               | Oh, and granted it was just the one experience, but the
               | wait time seemed on par with an urgent care here in the
               | US.
        
               | atdrummond wrote:
               | My experience with the NHS has been overall quite good,
               | despite having an exceptionally severe presentation of
               | Crohns and an aggressive leukemia. I've never been in a
               | case where I have had to wait an exorbitant amount of
               | time for either acute or routine care. This is across
               | multiple cities and countries in the NHS.
               | 
               | I likewise had some of the best American specialists in
               | GI and oncology. I also ended up with six figures in
               | medical debt despite having incredible insurance and a
               | great job. I also experienced excruciating wait times at
               | emergency rooms that dwarfed anything I've encountered at
               | the A&E in the UK.
               | 
               | The NHS obviously has massive scope for improvement and
               | isn't even the healthcare system I have felt the most
               | secure in (that was the Swiss) but I am confident that
               | the NHS is almost certainly better for the average Brit
               | than the US medical system is for the average American.
        
               | beaconstudios wrote:
               | I couldn't speak to the US healthcare system, but from
               | what I've heard it's probably much worse for usual
               | medical needs.
               | 
               | I'm glad you've had a better experience with the NHS than
               | I have; my wife has a chronic condition and has had a
               | pretty bad time in the NHS - she hates going to the
               | doctors now from how many times she's been called a liar
               | or accused of just trying to feed a painkiller addiction
               | (despite not actually asking for painkillers). All
               | because many doctors seemingly struggle to admit that
               | they don't know what's wrong.
               | 
               | I just bring this up because I think (and I could be
               | wrong) that some people see socialised healthcare as a
               | panacea but my experience with it is that it's actually
               | very inconsistent and regularly lets people down (not
               | just my wife, a good few others that I know as well). I
               | still wouldn't choose the US system over the NHS though,
               | not by a long shot.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | > some people see socialised healthcare as a panacea
               | 
               | Do they? Every socialised healthcare system is crying out
               | for money and is in need of help. I don't think I've ever
               | seen anyone claim one is perfect.
        
               | beaconstudios wrote:
               | I'm very open to the possibility that my experience has
               | negatively biased my perspective on socialised medicine
               | such that I interpret relative (to the US) praise as
               | absolute praise - "socialised medicine is good" versus
               | "socialised medicine is better than the current US
               | system". I take no issue with the latter statement, only
               | the former.
        
               | elyobo wrote:
               | I'd take no exception to either, but would object to
               | "socialised medicine is perfect" if applied to any system
               | that I'm aware of.
        
               | makomk wrote:
               | Cancer treatment is a really high priority for the NHS
               | these days, I think in part because it was an area where
               | there used to be major issues and people died as a
               | result. There are some really aggressive treatment
               | targets for that handed down from on high and woe betide
               | anyone who falls badly behind on them. Where it usually
               | falls down is chronic and non-urgent conditions - stuff
               | where patients won't necessarily die if not treated
               | immediately, but might suffer long-term harm, maybe even
               | lose a limb or their eyesight, or which seriously impact
               | their ability to take part in normal activities whilst
               | they're left untreated.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | _the average grocery store clerk in the UK makes 8.80GPB
               | /hr. Add on healthcare and they're coming out far ahead
               | of an amazon warehouse worker._
               | 
               | Is it fair to compare the average wage of a warehouse
               | worker across the entirety of the U.K. with the starting
               | wage of a warehouse worker in a single deeply
               | impoverished town?
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Then compare the same job. The starting Amazon warehouse
               | wage in the UK is PS9.70, which is about US$13.70.
               | 
               | https://www.amazon.jobs/en/landing_pages/warehouse-
               | operative
        
               | chmod600 wrote:
               | I don't think it's terribly difficult to emigrate from
               | the US to the EU. Aside from plane fare, what's holding
               | someone in the US?
               | 
               | And if it's just plane fare, there are probably a lot of
               | places you can make it with a bus ticket that have better
               | prospects without needing to go to Europe.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > Aside from plane fare, what's holding someone in the
               | US?
               | 
               | Top of mind why someone would NOT want to work in
               | "Europe": - lower salaries - much higher tax rate - stuff
               | in general is more expensive (higher VAT + everything
               | that's imported)
        
               | chmod600 wrote:
               | I was referring to lower income people that a union would
               | supposedly help.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > Add on healthcare and they're coming out far ahead of
               | an amazon warehouse worker.
               | 
               | Healthcare in the UK is not as good as you may think it
               | is. Unless you love waiting lines for life-threatening
               | conditions.
        
               | megablast wrote:
               | I lived in the Uk after loving from oz. never had an
               | issue. Never even saw any lines. This was in London and
               | Newcastle.
        
               | u678u wrote:
               | You conveniently chose one of the wealthiest countries
               | with the highest wages. Here is a more realistic look at
               | monthly min wages across the region. https://en.wikipedia
               | .org/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_...
        
               | Archio wrote:
               | >You conveniently chose one of the wealthiest countries
               | 
               | Did you know that the United States is the wealthiest
               | country in the world?
        
               | VintageCool wrote:
               | It is worth pointing out that Alabama is one of the
               | poorest states in the country (using GDP per capita),
               | along with Mississippi, South Carolina, West Virginia,
               | and Idaho.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Did you know that the United States is the wealthiest
               | country in the world?
               | 
               | In aggregate, sure; its somewhere between 5th-8th by per
               | capita GDP, which is the more relevant comparison,
               | depending on source.
               | 
               | But the UK isn't even close to the US, or particularly
               | near the top in Western Europe (which yas countries ahead
               | of the US.)
        
               | Archio wrote:
               | Whether its 5th, 8th, or 1st; saying you can't compare US
               | benefits to that of a "wealthy" European country is
               | ridiculous. America IS a wealthy country.
        
               | spectramax wrote:
               | How true is this "Pee in a bottle" thing? It sounds like
               | a single anecdotal evidence widely used as a prop for
               | arguments. Is there a systemic "pee in a bottle" problem
               | at Amazon? I have a hard time believing this.
        
               | cycrutchfield wrote:
               | You obviously missed the part where they hand each new
               | employee a free bottle during orientation and train them
               | on how to use it /s
        
           | macrowhat wrote:
           | Wikipedia: Indentured servitude is a form of labor in which a
           | person (an indenture) agrees to work without salary for a
           | specific number of years for eventual compensation or debt
           | repayment.
           | 
           | "Without salary"
           | 
           | "WITHOUT SALARY"
           | 
           | And no, the government isn't your nanny. What a bunch of
           | leftist doo-doo. Learn a bit about how horrible unions were
           | in the 70s, and maybe I'll be convinced that "education" is
           | actually a pathway to knowing what's best for yourself (as
           | others suggest)
           | 
           | They make the right choice.
        
             | durkie wrote:
             | if you're worried about how bad certain organizations were
             | in the 70s i've got bad news for you about corporations
        
               | macrowhat wrote:
               | Just get the hell out of my country
        
       | marshmallow_12 wrote:
       | The workers exploited by Amazon will have my utmost sympathy and
       | support.
       | 
       | Up until they make a decision that's not in accordance with what
       | i, the great armchair warrior, decide is good for them. Rejecting
       | my unsolicited advice, means they are ungrateful fools unworthy
       | of my elevated consideration.
       | 
       | All of that went through my head the moment i read the headline.
       | I'm surprised at how intolerant i really am. But with second
       | thoughts, these workers had a choice, they made it. Who am i to
       | say that they are wrong.
        
       | labatyd wrote:
       | Incognito tab didn't work, googling it didnt work, and
       | outline.com didn't work. Anyone have any other tips or tricks for
       | finding the article to read it?
        
         | Kelamir wrote:
         | https://archive.is/DZZay
        
         | josefresco wrote:
         | You can subscribe to WSJ digital for $467.88/year.
        
           | AzzieElbab wrote:
           | are you implying WSJ subscription prices are to blame for
           | union's failure to recruit workers? :)
        
             | josefresco wrote:
             | You're joking but really, I'm just a curious guy who likes
             | to look up pricing every time someone groans about
             | paywalls.
             | 
             | It seems the average is about $500/year which is (IMHO)
             | insane unless it's your only paid news source.
        
               | AzzieElbab wrote:
               | I wonder if that is where we are heading when it comes to
               | publications not driven by clicks
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | Let's buy each of the workers a sub
        
         | mariksolo wrote:
         | I have a Firefox extension called bypass paywalls.
        
       | JCM9 wrote:
       | It was clear getting these workers to unionize was good for the
       | union... it was much less clear why it would be good for the
       | workers.
       | 
       | People can say what they want about Amazon but the reality is
       | they provide a far better job, wage, and benefits than most.
       | Apart from the broad sweeping messaging around corporations =
       | bad, unions = the answer, it wasn't really clear at all why a
       | union would benefit workers here. As such the result isn't
       | terribly surprising. The result isn't even close.
        
         | brightball wrote:
         | This was similar to the Boeing situation in Charleston, SC.
         | 
         | Boeing came in and brought great jobs with them. Then the union
         | reps came in and started acting like everybody was being
         | wronged somehow.
        
           | CameronNemo wrote:
           | That Charleston plant has terrible quality control compared
           | to the more mature, unionized group in Everett. Some airlines
           | have refused shipments from south Carolina in preference to
           | the Washington group.
           | 
           | https://leehamnews.com/2020/09/14/pontifications-boeing-
           | sc-m...
        
             | brightball wrote:
             | For what it's worth, I noticed a correlation between bad
             | company news and union disputes that started about 10 years
             | ago with Boeing. I remember visiting Seattle as you drive
             | by the Boeing facility on the way in, my cab driver was
             | telling me how Boeing was going to shut down the plant and
             | move everything to South Carolina.
             | 
             | On that same trip, I was staying at a hotel with a view of
             | city hall from my window (The Artic Club). I heard a bunch
             | of horns blowing and looked out the window to see a line of
             | cabs parked out front honking for about 1 minute before
             | they drove off. News crews were there so I watched the
             | local news that night.
             | 
             | That clip was there but the news made it sound like the
             | drivers had been there all day blockading and honking. It
             | was nothing more than enough time for a news clip
             | (protesting Uber).
             | 
             | At that point, it became very clear to me how unions
             | operate.
        
               | CameronNemo wrote:
               | What does that have to do with Boeing?
        
               | brightball wrote:
               | Sorry. I noticed a significant uptick in negative Boeing
               | press coverage the moment the union dispute started. It
               | went from nonexistent to constant.
        
           | hrktb wrote:
           | Why can't it be both ?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Once the workers organize as a union, the company is forced
             | to treat everything as a negotiation with the union instead
             | of the employees. The union views their job as to always
             | ask for more and push back on the employer, so the employer
             | is incentivized to hold back raises, benefits, and
             | concessions until it's time for negotiations. Giving away
             | all of your bargaining chips before negotiations start is
             | not a good strategy.
             | 
             | When you see headlines about unions negotiating certain
             | benefits or raises from employers, it's often framed as a
             | victory that wouldn't have happened without the union. The
             | reality is more nuanced, as the union's existence forces
             | the company to play hardball during negotiations so they
             | have _something_ to negotiate when it comes time to do the
             | negotiations.
        
               | hwbehrens wrote:
               | > the employer is incentivized to hold back raises,
               | benefits, and concessions until it's time for
               | negotiations
               | 
               | The employer is incentivized to hold these back in any
               | case, absent some countervailing pressure (e.g. retention
               | against competing offers, if they exist, etc.). This is
               | why the largest raises (in tech, at least) typically come
               | when jumping companies.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | > The employer is incentivized to hold these back in any
               | case, absent some countervailing pressure
               | 
               | The countervailing pressure is that non-unionized
               | employees are more likely to leave.
               | 
               | Most unions in the US place a high value on seniority.
               | The more seniority you have, the more benefits you get
               | from a union. Good for people who have been there for 10
               | years, bad for new employees looking to get jobs. This
               | makes unionized employees less incentivized to leave and
               | more incentivized to stay and strike. Leaving (even if
               | for higher pay) would sacrifice that union seniority that
               | many members value.
               | 
               | It's a very different negotiating dynamic.
        
               | CameronNemo wrote:
               | The problem with Boeing is that there are not many
               | aerospace employers to got to. An aerospace engineer can
               | probably only work for 2 or 3 aerospace companies in
               | their career. Not to mention they may have to completely
               | uproot their life on each change of employer.
        
               | 0xB31B1B wrote:
               | this isn't really true. To change companies you might
               | need to move cities, but there are a ton of different
               | companies that require aerospace engineers:
               | 
               | SpaceX Blue Origin Space Systems Loral JPL Boeing Embraer
               | Airbus Cessna Northrup Grumman Lockheed Martin General
               | Electric Raytheon Boom Rolls Royce, Honeywell Eurocopter
               | Bombardier
               | 
               | not to mention the adjacent fields of Green tech (wind
               | turbines) Drones/UAVs
               | 
               | There are a lot of options out there
        
             | wernercd wrote:
             | Because crying victimhood over every perceived slight
             | becomes the boy who cried wolf - sooner or later everyone
             | realizes that the only way a union can justify itself is by
             | creating problems where none existed. Otherwise, why waste
             | money on union dues for something that isn't needed?
             | 
             | It CAN be both... but generally it isn't.
        
               | hrktb wrote:
               | I have no knowledge of Boeing's internal state, so tried
               | to get a proxy of their general attitude [0].
               | 
               | Every company big enough will have its share of shitty
               | issues, but even taking it with a grain of salt it
               | doesn't look to me like a company that needs no employee
               | representation to counter-balance the management.
               | 
               | [0] https://violationtracker.goodjobsfirst.org/prog.php?p
               | arent=b...
        
         | grecy wrote:
         | > _provide a far better job, wage, and benefits than most_
         | 
         | And now we're seeing the results of the race to the bottom play
         | out.
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | Lowest level of global poverty ever?
           | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/world-population-in-
           | extre...
        
         | regextegrity wrote:
         | Come on.. the workers don't even get bathroom breaks.
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | Isn't that a bit misleading? I don't have official bathroom
           | breaks either, and I do just fine.
        
             | regextegrity wrote:
             | What? I don't mean scheduled bathroom breaks, I mean they
             | aren't given enough leeway during the day to even use the
             | bathroom. There are many reports of them peeing in bottles
             | and shitting in plastic bags.
        
               | gpanders wrote:
               | I certainly agree with you that those stories are
               | shocking and horrific, those reports were about delivery
               | drivers, not warehouse workers, so it's not really
               | relevant to this particular discussion.
        
           | jyrkesh wrote:
           | I'm not disagreeing with your assertion (though I do expect
           | it's not as widespread as news articles make it seem),
           | but...why didn't they vote to unionize then? Seems like if
           | the unions said "we'll make sure you get bathroom breaks",
           | then that'd be enough.
        
           | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
           | But I think this is a clear example of an issue where pro-
           | union rhetoric has diverged from the reality of the
           | situation. Are there any workers who actually prefer formal,
           | timed bathroom breaks over the "go whenever you want as long
           | as you're meeting your productivity goals" model?
        
             | regextegrity wrote:
             | What?? I don't mean "formal, timed bathroom breaks". I
             | don't even think that exists in the real world. I mean they
             | don't have enough leeway in their incentive system, to the
             | point where workers have to pee in bottles out of fear of
             | missing quotas and losing their job
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | You're universalizing something that's by all accounts a
               | very rare occurrence, which I think is again part of the
               | disconnect. If union organizers go around saying "we have
               | to pee in bottles because they don't give us restroom
               | breaks!", that's not going to be very persuasive to the
               | vast majority of Amazon workers who take breaks to use
               | the provided restrooms.
        
               | regextegrity wrote:
               | The peeing in bottles is just one of many symptoms of
               | their terrible working conditions https://www.theguardian
               | .com/technology/2020/feb/05/amazon-wo...
        
         | TheAdamAndChe wrote:
         | Collective bargaining lets the employees push back against
         | issues that would otherwise risk their career. For example, an
         | individual speaking up against horrible working conditions,
         | metric-focused managers, and ignorance of unsafe practices
         | would risk getting fired, so the issues would persist. A union
         | would have the leverage required to push back against such
         | issues.
        
           | zndr wrote:
           | While you're correct, Amazon is so large that this single
           | center being nuked from their org chart would have been an
           | inconvenience. I think it's very easy for us to say "this
           | would help you" but the reality is, it might have drawn a
           | line in the sand, at the cost of every single employee's job.
        
             | TheAdamAndChe wrote:
             | They're already facing anticompetitive scrutiny.
             | Retaliation would have tipped the political scales.
        
               | hbosch wrote:
               | When is the last time busting a union brought any
               | additional scrutiny from the US government, in a material
               | sense?
               | 
               | While there are some stories lately about how much tax
               | Amazon pays, the government is very much in the business
               | of keeping Amazon (and all major US-based corporations
               | and firms) happy... by contrast, the US government almost
               | certainly cares very little for a warehouse worker in
               | Alabama.
        
             | CameronNemo wrote:
             | This is exactly why the vote was probably the most
             | pragmatic decision. A vote for unionization would have been
             | brave and symbolic. But why should blue collar people in
             | Alabama have to sabotage their livelihoods to make a point?
        
           | prostoalex wrote:
           | What's the cost, though? At $1/month a union membership would
           | be a no-brainer, at $100/month people would probably think
           | twice.
           | 
           | Unions are in the business of recurring subscriptions, and
           | the pitch had to reflect that. Sounds like in case of this
           | specific workplace, the cost-benefit analysis was either high
           | on costs or low on benefits.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tptacek wrote:
       | Here's an interesting and surprising analysis from a labor
       | organizer and writer (you'll need to follow the back-and-forth of
       | the comments a bit):
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/yeselson/status/1380363511709196288
       | 
       | The short version is: while the Bessemer campaign was a good
       | thing, the vote (according to this person --- everything I'm
       | writing here is according to Yeselson and subject to errors in my
       | understanding) was not. To wit: if a skilled organizer effort
       | isn't sure it's going to win, they pull the vote, reorganize, and
       | try again when they're sure they will.
       | 
       | There's further evidence in the threads that nuts-and-bolts
       | organizing, "101 stuff" to use the term I got from labor
       | organizing blogs following up on this, wasn't done; that in fact
       | the worker opponents to unionization were only weakly opposed,
       | and under-educated.
       | 
       | Another fun Google search that I found from this thread: [union
       | "hot shop"].
        
       | gtsop wrote:
       | Ah, the union vs anti-union discussion again. Seriously we should
       | TDD our way out of this discussion. There are clearly some union
       | policies that work and some others that don't. Can't we work out
       | just the beneficial ones and enforce them as a baseline while
       | discarding the bad ones? Print that as a standard and boom!
       | You've got a compliance measure to rank unions :)
        
       | zarkov99 wrote:
       | Good. I have lived in 3 continents and 4 different countries and
       | I have yet to see a union that is not run by and for the lazy and
       | incompetent, ultimately to the ruin of all involved. I hear
       | Germany cracked the code on that one, but in the US unions seem
       | to be pretty much like everywhere.
        
         | vb6sp6 wrote:
         | I have a few German customers and I also get the impression
         | that their unions seem to work.
         | 
         | It seems to be a result of multiple factors:
         | 
         | 1. "Mitbestimmung" or co-determination. German workers elect
         | the board of directors.
         | 
         | 2. Labor reps vote alongside shareholders
         | 
         | 3. Laborers in the same strata form "work councils" and choose
         | reps to bring issues to managers or higher up the chain
         | 
         | 4. "Betriebsverfassungsgesetz" federal laws giving workers the
         | rights to form these work councils
         | 
         | The people i've spoken too (anecdotal, I know) don't seem to
         | have the same hostility to the unions. It is just kinda
         | accepted and "normal" that the union is going to be there so
         | they seem to work with them instead of fighting them at every
         | step.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | VW TN was offered a works council deal and they still voted
           | it down.
        
             | vb6sp6 wrote:
             | Works council is kinda pointless without the other things
        
           | genericone wrote:
           | Yeah, give the employees some skin in the business, not just
           | in the labor negotiations... Incentivize good union behavior,
           | not adversarial behavior.
        
             | musingsole wrote:
             | I believe Co-ops are a nature progression to merge the
             | split between business and labor unions.
        
               | vb6sp6 wrote:
               | Unions have been trashed beyond repair in the US.
               | American needs a "free market" solution and I think the
               | next step is for employees to organize and form their own
               | corporations. If a union demands better pay, healthcare,
               | working conditions, they get attacked for be being
               | greedy\lazy\entitled. A corporation that provides great
               | pay, healthcare, and working conditions wins awards for
               | "top 100 places to work".
        
         | ur-whale wrote:
         | > I have yet to see a union that is not run by and for the lazy
         | and incompetent
         | 
         | Exactly what I've observed throughout my career, thank you for
         | putting it so succinctly.
         | 
         | You're also missing those for whom the union is a pure
         | political, power-grabbing device.
        
         | JarlUlvi wrote:
         | As a libertarian I am likely biased against the idea of unions
         | due to having heard horror stories.
         | 
         | However, all the public sector unions with whom I have
         | collaborated have been rather excellent. Why? They were
         | actually the voices of reason and efficiency when it came to IT
         | change in the workplace. It seemed as though their raison
         | d'etre was maximum effectiveness of employees, and removing
         | impediments. Understanding this, they were able to advocate in
         | a positive manner to represent the working engineer and
         | scientist.
         | 
         | Let's not paint all unions with a negative brush.
        
       | Someone1234 wrote:
       | HN is very consistently anti-union.
       | 
       | My question is this: Where did you get information about unions?
       | Because people keep mentioning their "bad reputation" and then
       | start listing off a bunch of "facts" that read like they're
       | bullets straight out of one of those anti-union videos during
       | onboard at several major employers (Walmart, Target, Amazon,
       | etc).
       | 
       | So anti-union people exactly where does your information come
       | from? If it is grapevine, what was the _original_ source?
        
         | throwinawaysoon wrote:
         | are you surprised shills run narrative on this and any other
         | popular open forums and social networking sites?
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | All my information on unions comes from people who have worked
         | in unionized industries. My father in law is a former educator
         | for example.
        
         | 01100011 wrote:
         | Personal experience with unions. The unions at Boeing protect
         | workers who do drugs and sleep on the job. The teamsters union
         | in Boston prevented my small company from unloading a small
         | amount of equipment from our truck ourselves(enforced with
         | veiled threats). The longshoreman's union hands out jobs to
         | well connected members and runs a racket.
         | 
         | I'm not saying all unions are bad. I think many industries
         | might benefit from well run, transparent, regulated unions. But
         | I have seen many examples where they are bad.
        
           | winkeltripel wrote:
           | Compare the scale of the harm that you see to the direct
           | benefits: these huge unions getting each and every member a
           | solid benefits package, and better pay rates, overtime or
           | limited hours. Even non-union jobs pay better in areas with
           | high union membership. Its one of the only tools with broad
           | benefits to working-poor and lower-class at the cost of the
           | non-working rich.
           | 
           | I think it's an unfair argument to say that unions need
           | further regulation. Regulating them is how we've lost
           | millions of union jobs to contractors, and where we keep
           | seeing large strikes broken up by governments. Regulations
           | often benefit large players over small ones. We'd rather see
           | a plethora of smaller, niche unions, than just one massive
           | union. Competition breeds capability.
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | I don't like them on the basis of principle. It is my belief
         | that monopoly cartels are a net cost for society whether they
         | deal in oil like OPEC or in labor like the UAW.
        
         | saas_sam wrote:
         | My anti-union sentiment arrived from my experience working with
         | a large established union in an industrial plant. The union
         | protected some of the worst, laziest, most unsafe workers I had
         | ever witnessed in any job before or sense. It blew my mind how
         | difficult it was to remove obvious bad apples, and how the best
         | workers were forced to wait in years-long "seniority" queues
         | before they could get promoted. I would get threatened with
         | grievances for trivial acts like carrying a single lightbulb
         | myself without a union worker.
         | 
         | Every institution has a STATED purpose and an ACTUAL effect.
         | Institutions become inefficient, corrupt, decoupled from their
         | original goals. What keeps institutions aligned with their
         | stated--noble--purpose, is the institution's internal incentive
         | structure. Unions often have very bad internal incentive
         | structures.
         | 
         | I would be SHOCKED if you could not find counter-examples where
         | unions are great. It's a big round world we live on where
         | silver linings abound. For anything. To me, right now, I do not
         | find pro-union activists persuasive in the slightest. But I am
         | open-minded.
        
           | ziml77 wrote:
           | > I would get threatened with grievances for trivial acts
           | like carrying a single lightbulb myself without a union
           | worker.
           | 
           | That whole thing about requiring union workers to do tasks is
           | stupid. One year I was attending a fan convention and decided
           | to check out the rules for vendors. The convention center
           | used unionized labor so one of the rules was that the vendors
           | were limited to carrying like one case of stuff over to their
           | spot. All other moving and setting up had to be done by the
           | union workers. I get what the protection here is, it prevents
           | loopholes for getting around using union workers at all
           | (which, if it was possible to do, would make a union
           | ineffective). But hell, why can't they pay the union workers
           | as if they would have to do all the work but then let people
           | decide if they want the union workers to actually do
           | something or not?
        
             | bena wrote:
             | The problem always comes down to bad actors.
             | 
             | If I, as a vendor, could have my people do the work of
             | moving and set up and elect not to use the convention
             | center staff, then there's a way to circumvent the
             | convention center staff and fire them all.
             | 
             | You just hire a "vendor" with their own crew to do all the
             | stuff. With no actual work to do, it's justifiable to fire
             | the convention center staff.
             | 
             | If people weren't bastards, we wouldn't need such weird
             | rules. But then again, if people weren't bastards, we
             | wouldn't need unions either.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Why does a convention center have enough staff to do that
               | setup? That seems wasteful in itself. Sure they need a
               | few janitors to sweep up afterwords, and someone needs to
               | know how to flip a tripped breaker, so they can't be
               | staff free. However the needs of each event are different
               | enough that staff for vendor setup doesn't really make
               | sense.
        
           | specialist wrote:
           | Which organizations have figured out how to handle their bad
           | apples?
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | It's not a binary outcome. Of course all large
             | organizations will have people of varying types. But it's
             | an order of magnitude easier to clean house outside of
             | government and union shops.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | Am big fan of Peter Drucker. Believe management is a
               | technology.
               | 
               | I'd _LOVE_ for someone to research this. Case studies.
               | Metrics.
               | 
               | My experience with unions has been mixed. Same with non-
               | union shops. Recognizing that I'm just a simple bear, I
               | haven't been able to figure out any rules for what works,
               | or doesn't. My hunch is governance. eg Unions that are
               | more democratic, accountable perform better. I have zero
               | notions about what might make non-union shops better or
               | worse.
        
             | skynet-9000 wrote:
             | All of the ones that last. If you don't handle your bad
             | apples and your business requires generating a profit to
             | survive, you will not prosper for long if you don't prune
             | the bad apples (and you may not even survive, unless the
             | business throws off such huge profits that it can afford to
             | carry the dead weight).
             | 
             | It's as simple as "Please clean out your desk". Have you
             | never seen The Apprentice? Do you believe that people never
             | get fired?
        
           | shmolyneaux wrote:
           | What do you think of the Screen Actors Guild? That seems to
           | have been a huge win for workers in the industry, seemingly
           | without the negatives you describe.
        
             | hintymad wrote:
             | There might be a difference. Studios must first look for
             | actors in the actors guild. That said, a studio has freedom
             | not to use an actor. Similar, a studio does not need to use
             | a bad script, and the studio does not need to pay a writer
             | if it doesn't use the writer's work. In contrast, a factory
             | has to pay for a worker, or even assign some work to the
             | worker, no matter how bad this worker performs.
        
             | TigeriusKirk wrote:
             | In general the Hollywood unions are very good for their
             | members.
             | 
             | If there's a downside, it's that they used to act as a bit
             | of a moat for the incumbent studios. Studios have entire
             | departments devoted to processing issues raised by union
             | members, which is of course expensive to do. And union
             | members can only work on union productions, which meant
             | tiny indie films could have problems getting talented
             | people budget-wise. It's not just pay, it's meeting the
             | requirements of the dictionary-sized "Basic Agreement" in
             | terms of other aspects of production. That said, SAG has
             | led the way to finding ways to accommodate smaller budgets
             | and it's not as difficult as it once was.
        
             | busterarm wrote:
             | It has a $3000 initiation fee that loads of people pay and
             | never see the benefit of.
             | 
             | You will have to pay it just to do a short television
             | appearance. It is certainly not worth that to everybody.
             | 
             | Then there are annual dues, whether or not you actually
             | earned any money.
             | 
             | Then there's recent discussions of them kicking out long-
             | standing members over their political views.
        
           | slantedview wrote:
           | Every non-unionized place I've worked suffers from many of
           | the same problems. These are real problems, but don't
           | outweigh the benefit of unions to people's material well
           | being.
        
             | saas_sam wrote:
             | Have you worked in a large unionized organization? I've
             | worked in both. Unions are worse.
        
               | krisdol wrote:
               | My spouse (medicine) and several of my peers (journalism)
               | have and they would disagree. Spouse has experienced both
               | sides of the coin, and has seen better benefits and
               | better pay in the unionized workplace than the non-
               | unionized one. Very much the same story for my journo
               | peers, but in their case, they unionized the workplace so
               | the only variable that changed to improve their lifestyle
               | was the introduction of a union -- not a change of
               | location or management that a bad-faith FANG-worshipper
               | would use to muddy the comparison.
               | 
               | I'm sure those aren't valid examples anyway, as the only
               | unions that matter in discussions on this hellsite are
               | the ones that also exist in Randian works of fiction.
        
               | skynet-9000 wrote:
               | > better benefits and better pay
               | 
               | You are only considering one side of the question -- and
               | actually a limited form of that one side (namely, the
               | material benefits/pay for the unionized employees).
               | 
               | What about the productivity of the firm and workers? The
               | profits? The cohesiveness of the market strategy? The
               | sense that the workers were participating in the success
               | of the firm itself (and not the success of the union)?
               | The creation of healthy relationships between management
               | and labor?
               | 
               | It's probably beyond dispute that unions introduce a
               | "middleman" between management and labor, but we are
               | probably arguing about whether or not that middleman is
               | (most often) a good or bad thing. (I do not dispute that
               | _sometimes_ unions can be healthy and might align its
               | incentives with company success, but I tend to believe
               | that this middleman is not usually a good thing except in
               | extremely unhealthy companies -- perhaps like Amazon, and
               | I must confess that in working with about 50 companies,
               | of which less than 10 were union shops, I 've never
               | actually seen a union shop where labor didn't put union
               | goals over company goals, to the detriment of both.)
        
               | slantedview wrote:
               | I guess it depends what outcome you want, higher income
               | inequality or not. I happen to think higher income
               | inequality that directly follows from the lack of unions
               | is a bad thing:
               | 
               | https://files.epi.org/charts/img/172988-21725.png
               | 
               | https://www.epi.org/publication/labor-
               | day-2019-collective-ba...
        
               | saas_sam wrote:
               | The ultimate solution to wealth inequality is to destroy
               | all wealth. Bring it to $0. Everyone's equal. Is that a
               | win? Or is there perhaps more to the story worth
               | considering than inequality? Overall wealth, number of
               | jobs, ability to get hired and promoted...? If you have
               | charts on those things I'd be interested.
        
         | yibg wrote:
         | Mine is experience working in an union. I generally really
         | disliked the effects of the union and saw no benefit to me at
         | all. My career progression was capped, lots of nepotism (eg
         | manager holding a position for his son), people are generally
         | coasting etc.
        
           | newbie789 wrote:
           | I absolutely abhor being passed up due to nepotism, it's
           | incredibly frustrating.
           | 
           | When that sort of thing happens it makes me wish that there
           | was a clear agreement between management and employees that
           | codified when/how/why promotions happen so that people who
           | have worked hard and performed well would be favored. It's
           | really awful that that union precluded that from happening.
        
         | jimmar wrote:
         | I'm in academia at a university. I'm part of a union and I hate
         | it. Union meetings are mostly members nitpicking minor contract
         | issues and complaining about being underpaid. The union's
         | purported main goal is to protect free speech, but everybody
         | knows it really only exists to (unsuccessfully) negotiate for
         | better pay.
         | 
         | I worked about a decade in industry and never felt like
         | management was the enemy. We didn't expect management to coddle
         | us, though. We knew we were there to do a job and if being
         | there wasn't worth the benefit, we'd leave. Being in union, it
         | feels like an artificial wall between management and union has
         | been erected; that it's us versus them. Like the vice
         | presidents are fat cats smoking cigars in their high rise
         | offices while we, the proletariat, fight to get what's fair.
         | Its as if union members think there's some reservoir of money
         | we could get in salary if only we could break down the dam that
         | management is using to hoard all the money.
         | 
         | I'm in a right to work state and technically don't have to pay
         | union dues. But, I pay my dues because if you don't, your name
         | gets published publicly and there is a lot union members can
         | legally do to make life difficult for you if you don't want to
         | join the club.
        
         | wernercd wrote:
         | > Where do you get your information from
         | 
         | History and reality. Look at union run cities like Chicago and
         | union run industries like the auto-industry that got demolished
         | by foreign companies.
         | 
         | Personally, I think unions have their places... but in 99% of
         | cases these days? The bureaucracy, red tape, added expenses and
         | other assorted BS are more net negative than the few positives
         | that unions offer.
        
         | strictnein wrote:
         | My "original source" is my wife who grew up poor and started
         | working at 14 to pay for things like clothes for school. Every
         | dollar her union took was money she couldn't use to pay for
         | necessities and they never once did a single thing for her or
         | any of her coworkers, no matter how egregious the
         | discrimination or behavior of the store's management. Their
         | union rep would 100% ignore every single complaint. But they
         | always got a cut of her meager paycheck.
         | 
         | Is that a good enough source for you, or does that not count?
         | 
         | I'll never understand the people who think "You have a
         | differing opinion. It must be because you don't know what
         | you're talking about and have just consumed a bunch of
         | propaganda".
        
         | mekoka wrote:
         | Your comment (like a few others) reads as though you've
         | discarded the possibility of some in the HN crowd having first-
         | hand experience with unions.
         | 
         | > HN is very consistently anti-union.
         | 
         | I'd say HN is more consistently anti-bullshit. It's important
         | to separate the legitimate problems from the solutions taken to
         | address them, else you fall for the false dichotomy. Being
         | skeptical of unions as a solution to address workplace
         | conditions is not irrational.
        
         | ChicagoBoy11 wrote:
         | I work at an institution that has a strong union presence
         | (education).
         | 
         | It is absolutely a cancer of the place. Granted, I think that
         | probably in a lot of places that have unions they can easily
         | become a scapegoat to all of the organization's problems, but
         | some of the ones that I deal with on a daily basis are really
         | hard to pin on anything else.
         | 
         | In an idealized world, there would be infinite competition both
         | on the demand and supply side of labor. The argument for
         | unions, at least, is that in the real world the balance tips in
         | favor of the demand side, and I'm sure in many organizations
         | this makes a ton of sense. But at a place like a small learning
         | organization where I work at, it just ensures that nothing ever
         | happens. You have a fantastic faculty member that you want to
         | compensate above and beyond market rate because they deserve
         | it? Union will make that an issue. You want to fire a severe
         | under-performer? Union will make that an issue. You are a non-
         | union manager who has energy and wants to improve things? This
         | sort of stuff will destroy your morale. Over time, the really
         | good people who want to be recognized for their work
         | individually leave, the people who care and want to actively
         | promote change ALSO leave, and what you are left with is an
         | assorted collection of folks going through the motions and
         | heavily invested in not rocking the boat out in any direction.
         | It sucks.
        
         | hnburnsy wrote:
         | Saw this at r/Costco from an employee who worked at a unionized
         | store, straight from the source...
         | 
         | "Next, the union dues. I know this isn't a problem at every
         | location but mine is part of the local teamsters union, and
         | having to pay $450 in initiation fees and $40 on the regular
         | adds up, especially for someone who is in real need of the
         | income. I wouldn't be complaining if I saw the tangible
         | benefits the union provides, but after speaking to several
         | coworkers, many of whom have worked at my location for 20+
         | years, I am of the impression that the union does not actually
         | do anything to improve working conditions at Costco. If
         | anything, it seems to me that the union locations simply serve
         | to protect the wages of those who are not unionized by playing
         | into Costco's desire to prevent the unionization of said
         | locations. Yes, the union makes it harder to arbitrarily fire
         | people, "guarantees" you won't get scheduled for 7 days
         | straight (have seen otherwise at my location), etc. In my view,
         | this only contributes to my previously mentioned point that
         | many long-time employees feel protected from termination
         | regardless of how they perform or act, and as such they bring
         | subpar attitudes, service, and effort into their work."
        
         | 8bithero wrote:
         | Maybe a controversial or skewed observation - But as a European
         | looking (from outside) into the US, it looks like everyone has
         | the impression that they're all millionaires who just haven't
         | made it yet. They don't seem to want to disrupt the status quo,
         | even if it benefits them, incase they're next inline to make it
         | big :/
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | > But as a European looking (from outside) into the US, it
           | looks like everyone has the impression that they're all
           | millionaires who just haven't made it yet.
           | 
           | The "temporarily embarrassed millionaires" trope gets
           | repeated often online, but it's largely unfounded cynicism.
           | It's true that we need to fix our health care system and
           | bolster our safety nets, but the reality is that average
           | Americans are relatively wealthy and even the median worker
           | has significant career opportunities that are harder to come
           | by in some other countries.
           | 
           | Look toward the professional trades like software engineering
           | and the differences are even more pronounced. I worked at a
           | company with US and European offices for a while, and the
           | European employees were routinely stunned to learn that the
           | US office had to pay employees so much more for the same
           | work.
           | 
           | > They don't seem to want to disrupt the status quo, even if
           | it benefits them,
           | 
           | The situation is more nuanced than what you read online. The
           | reality is that these moves aren't as unilaterally _good_ as
           | presented. It 's more honest to approach them as tradeoffs.
           | 
           | In this case, I'm inclined to believe that the workers
           | casting these votes did more research and have a better
           | understanding of the situation than the internet gives them
           | credit for. The idea that they're all voting against their
           | self interest because they're dumb, or that we know what's
           | better for them than they do, is very presumptuous.
           | 
           | Why can't we accept that these people are really voting for
           | what they believe is in their best interests? Why do we have
           | to conclude that they're not smart or that they're voting
           | against helping themselves? The reality isn't so simple, and
           | we're not in a position to judge after reading a few
           | paragraphs on the internet.
        
             | 8bithero wrote:
             | Yeah, those are valid points. That's why I was a bit
             | apprehensive to post my original comment. Don't get me
             | wrong, there are a lot of good things about the US! I
             | wouldn't hesitate to move over there if I had the chance -
             | know anyone who could sponsor a visa, by any chance? ;p But
             | it does seem like an exceptionally easy place to slip
             | through the cracks of society, but if you're not in the
             | lower percentile you've probably got it better than most
             | people in the world.
             | 
             | The one point I would have to disagree with the the reasons
             | for voting against their interests. And the only reason for
             | this is seeing the results of the Brexit referendum in
             | 2016. What happened there is people who set themselves up
             | as figures of authority and told the people Brexit was in
             | their interest. They made the fishing industry into the
             | poster child of their campaigns and convinced them they
             | would benefit. The fishing communities in particular where
             | overwhelmingly in support. Perhaps some did try do their
             | own research, but a large part of social media and the
             | mass-media where all pushing the agenda and using scare
             | tactics and any concerns were batted away as "project
             | fear". When you have figures of authority pushing an agenda
             | it's understandable that people will believe them - Why
             | would they lie? But as Jan 2021 rolled around, the fishing
             | industry in the UK is all but decimated (YoY Salmon exports
             | were down 98% in January). So from that perspective, I
             | wouldn't call the voters dumb because it's easy to get
             | caught out by the disinformation that's out there, but for
             | the most part I would say many were naively trusting
             | -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
         | sangnoir wrote:
         | > So anti-union people exactly where does your information come
         | from?
         | 
         | HN is start-up-centric, so a good number of commenters, who may
         | be workers themselves, are, to borrow from Steinbeck:
         | "temporarily embarrassed employers"
        
         | remir wrote:
         | The HN crowd are generally in an advantageous position
         | regarding the job market. Most people here can negotiate their
         | salary and conditions, so having a union negotiate these for
         | them would not make much sense.
         | 
         | As for Amazon workers, since there was so much resistance
         | coming from Amazon on this case, the workers probably feared
         | that Amazon would have closed shop if they chose to unionize.
        
         | anm89 wrote:
         | Are you questioning the source of a specific piece of data you
         | interpret to be anti-union or you questioning what is the
         | source of peoples opinion on why they are anti union.
         | 
         | If you are questioning the source of a specific piece of data
         | than be clear about what that data is.
         | 
         | If you are asking people to cite a source for a general opinion
         | they personally hold, they don't owe you that.
        
         | ystad wrote:
         | How did you conclude that HN is anti-union? Please cite refs
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | carmen_sandiego wrote:
         | > HN is very consistently anti-union.
         | 
         | Is it? It just seems to vary per thread.
        
         | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
         | Me personally is anti-monopoly.
         | 
         | If a union can only operate by forming a workforce monopoly -
         | something is wrong with the model itself.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | Amazon and Walmart are local monopolies as the sole employer
           | resp. shop around where they establish their locations.
           | 
           | It is only natural to put up a collective against that
           | monopoly.
        
             | missedthecue wrote:
             | Can you point me to one Amazon fulfillment center or
             | Walmart superstore that doesn't have any restaurants,
             | grocers, autoparts stores, hardware stores, janitorial
             | services, shopping centers, retailers, courier and delivery
             | services, or warehouses within 20 miles? All of those
             | businesses draw from the same labor pool and compete with
             | each other. I don't think your claim that Walmart and
             | Amazon have monopsony power is accurate.
        
           | drivebycomment wrote:
           | By that definition, companies are workplace monopolies. So
           | are you against companies ? If you want to argue you can
           | choose a different company, by the same token you can choose
           | a different union by choosing a different company.
        
             | hnunionthrow wrote:
             | I believe what GP was alluding to is that if a workplace is
             | unionized, the worker does not have a choice of wanting to
             | be a part of the union or not(in a non right to work
             | state), and so essentially a monopoly. IF the worker wants
             | to work for that employer, he can only do so via the union.
             | No way for the worker to work for the employer and not
             | wanting to do absolutely nothing with the union.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | >> By that definition, companies are workplace
               | monopolies. So are you against companies ? If you want to
               | argue you can choose a different company, by the same
               | token you can choose a different union by choosing a
               | different company.
               | 
               | > I believe what GP was alluding to is that if a
               | workplace is unionized, the worker does not have a choice
               | of wanting to be a part of the union or not(in a non
               | right to work state), and so essentially a monopoly.
               | 
               | That's a distinction without a difference. If you don't
               | want to work for the union that's at a particular
               | workplace, _you can always choose another workplace_. It
               | 's just another condition of employment, just like _all
               | the other_ conditions of employment you 'd have to abide
               | by without a union.
        
               | hnunionthrow wrote:
               | Which basically reinforces GP's point about it being a
               | monopoly?
               | 
               | > If you don't want to work for the union that's at a
               | particular workplace, you can always choose another
               | workplace.
               | 
               | Or, if unions weren't forced down onto the workers, they
               | might choose to work with the same employer and not deal
               | with the union.
               | 
               | Why can't workers have a choice - whoever sees the
               | union's being a better fit can join the n number of
               | unions operating at a single employer. Whoever wants to
               | remain free from the union can choose not to join, and
               | negotiate with the employer directly.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Or, if unions weren't forced down onto the workers,
               | they might choose to work with the same employer and not
               | deal with the union.
               | 
               | Let me put it this way: if managers weren't forced down
               | onto workers, maybe I'd work with a different manager or
               | no manager at all. The employer used its "monopoly" over
               | its workplace to force management on me. That's cured by
               | my ability to try to get a different job at a different
               | workplace, yet somehow a closed union shop is different.
               | It's a double standard.
        
               | hnunionthrow wrote:
               | > Let me put it this way: if managers weren't forced down
               | onto workers, maybe I'd work with a different manager or
               | no manager at all.
               | 
               | Most employers will allow changing teams/managers
               | internally. Also, you can discuss it with your employer
               | and if you can convince them that you will be able to be
               | productive and relevant without the need for a manager,
               | some employers will actually entertain this request.
               | Several startups actually have a very flattish structure
               | and very loosely defined hierarchy.
               | 
               | > The employer used its "monopoly" to force management on
               | me. That's cured by my ability to try to get a different
               | job at a different workplace, yet somehow a closed union
               | shop is different. It's a double standard.
               | 
               | It isn't a double standard. A closed union shop is
               | clearly different, because it is not the employer's
               | choice/will, but rather a legal binding. In the absence
               | of such a binding, there wouldn't be any closed union
               | shops. There is no legal binding on employers to assign
               | managers to employees. It is an employer's
               | choice/will/culture.
               | 
               | In a closed union shop, the worker who doesn't want to
               | deal with the union isn't happy, and the employer isn't
               | happy either. Both, the worker and the employer cannot do
               | anything to change that. In your "forced management"
               | example, it is just you who are unhappy, and you can try
               | to make changes in your existing workplace with the
               | possibility of some success, or find a new workplace.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Most employers will allow changing teams/managers
               | internally.
               | 
               | So? It's totally at the employer's discretion, and there
               | are a million other things that are non-negotiable.
               | 
               | > It isn't a double standard. A closed union shop is
               | clearly different, because it is not the employer's
               | choice/will, but rather a legal binding. In the absence
               | of such a binding, there wouldn't be any closed union
               | shops. There is no legal binding on employers to assign
               | managers to employees. It is an employer's
               | choice/will/culture.
               | 
               | Do you oppose all labor law? If it's "the employer's
               | choice/will" to employ young children in dangerous
               | conditions, do you oppose the "legal binding" prevents
               | them from doing that?
               | 
               | > In a closed union shop, the worker who doesn't want to
               | deal with the union isn't happy, and the employer isn't
               | happy either. Both, the worker and the employer cannot do
               | anything to change that. In your "forced management"
               | example, it is just you who are unhappy, and you can try
               | to make changes in your existing workplace with the
               | possibility of some success, or find a new workplace.
               | 
               | That's not actually true. If the worker's unhappy, they
               | can work with their coworkers to decertify the union.
               | However, if their coworkers are happy with it, then maybe
               | that guy should just get another job. It's not like union
               | shops are pervasive and unavoidable. They're actually
               | pretty rare these days.
        
               | hnunionthrow wrote:
               | > So? It's totally at the employer's discretion, and
               | there are a million other things that are non-negotiable.
               | 
               | Sure. But it is between you and your employer, and it is
               | not unilaterally dictated by you or by your employer.
               | Also, an unrelated third party doesn't have a say in the
               | agreement you have between you and your employer. If
               | there are some things that are unacceptable to you(for
               | eg, having a manager to report to), you and the potential
               | employer can shake hands and go away from each other.
               | 
               | > Do you oppose all labor law? If it's "the employer's
               | choice/will" to employ young children in dangerous
               | conditions, do you oppose the "legal binding" prevents
               | them from doing that?
               | 
               | From discussing a legal binding around closed union shops
               | to opposing "all labor laws" is quite a leap and also a
               | strawman. But to answer your question, no I don't oppose
               | such a law that says children cannot be employed in
               | dangerous conditions like mines etc.
               | 
               | > That's not actually true. If the worker's unhappy, they
               | can work with their coworkers to decertify the union.
               | 
               | Yeah so clearly something that can and should be between
               | you and your employer has to now involve other colleagues
               | and you end up with varying degrees of coercion
               | basically.
               | 
               | > However, if their coworkers are happy with it, then
               | maybe that guy should just get another job.
               | 
               | Or, the easier and simpler route is to leave the union
               | and possibly join another union operating at the same
               | place(if such a thing were to be allowed), or not join
               | any union at all and still work for the employer. More
               | freedom/choice for every worker, lesser or possibly no
               | coercion and less disruptive for the employer, and more
               | importantly, less disruptive for the worker.
               | 
               | It is absolutely absurd that just because set of workers
               | are happy with their working arrangements, a different
               | set of workers cannot get their working arrangements that
               | are more suited to them. Or, in other words, two
               | functioning adult parties are ready to come to a
               | potential agreement that concerns just them, with both of
               | them getting what they want, but some third party who is
               | not and should not be privy to this agreement will not
               | get what they want, and so the actual participants in the
               | agreement cannot make the deal they want, and instead
               | their options are to be coerced into a deal that they
               | wouldn't want, or drop the deal altogether.
               | 
               | > It's not like union shops are pervasive and
               | unavoidable. They're actually pretty rare these days.
               | 
               | Certainly unavoidable if its a closed union shop no?
               | Which is the very thing that we are discussing. And I am
               | glad that they are rare.
        
               | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
               | Sorry, should've been more explicit, but I wanted to say
               | that a union creates a workforce monopoly.
               | 
               | Once an employer can no longer hire non-unionized
               | employees, it has to either surrender to the union
               | requirements or close altogether. This is a monopoly in
               | its best.
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | The economic term for is "monopsony," where a single buyer
             | has disproportionate leverage. However, there isn't much
             | evidence this occurs in most labor markets. People can and
             | do often leave Amazon for another job.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsony
        
               | drivebycomment wrote:
               | I agree - I was just pointing out the absurdity /
               | inconsistency of the argument by AlexTWithBeard.
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | I don't think it is absurd or inconsistent. The UAW works
               | very hard and effectively at ensuring that GM, Ford, and
               | Chrysler hire as few non-union employees as possible. The
               | UAW has monopolized the autoworkers labor market and thus
               | have historically been able to extract great rents from
               | it.
               | 
               | GM, Ford, and Chrysler on the other hand can do
               | practically nothing to prevent a machinist or welder from
               | leaving to work at literally thousands of other companies
               | in dozens of industries across the country that require
               | those skills.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | The union doesn't bargain with the workers. It bargains
               | with the company. All unions I'm aware of that have real
               | power maintain that power by preventing their employer
               | from hiring non-union workers.
        
           | advisedwang wrote:
           | "only one union representing a group of employees at a time"
           | is a rule enforced by government, not a natural property of
           | unions. The NLRA process [1] is predicated on a single,
           | exclusive representative organization for any given unit of
           | workers. It didn't always used to be this way, before such
           | rules, there were times where multiple competing unions
           | historically had ground industry to a halt because it was
           | impossible for a company to make a contract that would apply
           | to everyone and get the business back running. I find the
           | NLRA's solution very elegant because it _both_ improves the
           | democratic nature of unions _and_ helps get industry moving.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/159
        
         | legohead wrote:
         | I was part of a small union. I joined the bargaining committee,
         | and ever since I have hated unions. It was incredibly
         | stressful, and made me hate my job. Fighting for better
         | wages/vacation with upper management, who showed how much they
         | don't care about you, is very disheartening.
         | 
         | And in the end, all the bargaining didn't really get us any
         | better than what we would have gotten without a union. So now I
         | got a little raise and I hate my company and I'm telling
         | everyone else how shitty the company is.
        
         | rubyist5eva wrote:
         | Personally, I have no need for one as I've been perfectly
         | capable of advancing in my career without the baggage that
         | comes along with collective bargaining. I'm compensated very
         | competitively, get raises, negotiate PTO, sick days, etc. I
         | also do not like my freedom of association to be infringed, by
         | being required to join a union and dues extorted from me that I
         | do not want to pay for.
        
         | Shivetya wrote:
         | I replied to another poster but let me double down the fun.
         | 
         | Well first off, especially in low wage jobs, there is little
         | they do for you and it can cost nearly two hours of your pay
         | per month for the benefit. You get this wonderful set of rules
         | which spells out what your employer can and cannot do but it
         | also limits you as well. I got first hand experience in a union
         | shop from late 1980s to early 1990s. My reward was seeing our
         | rep once a quarter if we were lucky in her Mercedes which cost
         | more than we made.
         | 
         | However for every complaint about people being anti union and
         | listing off "Bunch of facts" you never see those same people
         | list their facts that support a pro union stance. Most of the
         | time its little more than what people already have with some
         | variation of something they won't even get when unionized.
         | 
         | The simple fact is, in the US they are more political than
         | worker oriented. They feed a ridiculous amount of dues and even
         | state funds into political coffer so they come replete with
         | lots of wonderful political supporters and press who love to
         | lay the claim that workers will be better for representation.
         | The benefactors are political appointees, elected officials,
         | and union leadership. The workers are mostly pawns.
         | 
         | What I read about European unions would be very nice to see in
         | the states but what I experienced, family members have
         | experienced, is not this fantasy that some people have of what
         | its like here.
        
         | option wrote:
         | My parents had to be in union (during USSR days). In their
         | experience, unless you are a buddy of union leadership you got
         | to go on vacation during worst times of the year to the worst
         | (if any!) places only. You are also getting the crappiest job
         | assignments. And yes, you had to give up a non-trivial part of
         | your already miserable salary as union fees. Basically being
         | friends of union leadership was absolutely critical.
        
         | marcinzm wrote:
         | I know a number of people in a large teacher's union and the
         | stories indicate the union is bad for both good teachers and
         | students. I've personally seen many great teachers leave for
         | private schools and other public systems. The union rewarded
         | the incompetent and did little for rampant administrator abuse.
        
           | dwater wrote:
           | I was a public teacher for 9 years, 2 years in a union and 7
           | years in a right to work state. The union experience was
           | better as an employee. I find it hard to believe great
           | teachers would go to private schools in large numbers as a
           | result of being in a union, private schools generally have
           | lower pay, lower benefits, and lower standards. The one thing
           | you gain going to a private school is freedom to do as you
           | want, and no standardized testing. Anecdotally the people I
           | know who went to private schools had someone else to support
           | them financially and could choose the easiest route
           | available.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | > I find it hard to believe great teachers would go to
             | private schools in large numbers as a result of being in a
             | union, private schools generally have lower pay, lower
             | benefits, and lower standards.
             | 
             | I don't know where you lived, but this is the opposite of
             | the situation in most places. Private schools attract
             | people who will pay private school tuition because they
             | offer higher standards.
             | 
             | In my limited experience with private schools, it was
             | relatively easy to poach good teachers away from unionized
             | jobs precisely because the school had freedom to offer them
             | higher wages and better benefits. Many of them were also
             | sick of dealing with the issues that come with unionized
             | labor and union membership.
        
               | dwater wrote:
               | They have higher standards for decorum and appearance,
               | but not higher academic standards. One of the advantages
               | of private schools is that they are essentially exempt
               | from standards. Their students are generally not required
               | to take standardized tests, and the schools generally are
               | not required to follow prescribed curricula. I agree that
               | private schools generally have a higher standard of
               | cleanliness and facility upkeep. And although the
               | families have to pay more for students to attend compared
               | to (free) public schools, teachers as a broad class are
               | paid less, not more, at private schools. There are
               | numerous reasons for this. For one, a prospective
               | employee has even less leverage than they do when seeking
               | employment at a public school.
        
               | hypersoar wrote:
               | In 2011-2012, the average pay for a full-time public
               | school teacher was $56,410. For a private school teacher,
               | it was $40,200.
               | 
               | https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_211.1
               | 0.a...
        
               | _-david-_ wrote:
               | It might not be accurate since many religious
               | institutions have schools where nuns, monks, priests, etc
               | work as teachers. They often times do not get paid or
               | make basically minimum wage. Do you have any numbers that
               | take that into account?
        
           | shuntress wrote:
           | I know a number of people in a large teacher's union and the
           | stories indicate that the union is good for both teachers and
           | students. I've personally seen many great teachers stay in
           | public schools. The union rewarded the competent and pushed
           | back against administrator abuse.
        
         | christophilus wrote:
         | For me, it is all anecdotes from my dad (some of which I
         | observed first hand). He worked for unions for half of his
         | career and then intentionally uprooted us to move to a right to
         | work state purely to escape the unions. He moved up the ranks
         | and ended his career as the general manager of a manufacturing
         | facility. The next county over was heavily unionized. The
         | contrast in the two counties was notable. The industry in the
         | unionized county was run-down, falling apart, constantly in and
         | out of bankruptcy.
         | 
         | The industry in the non-unionized county was literally some of
         | the best in the world in what it does. The plants were clean
         | and well run. Early on in the management-part of his career, my
         | dad hired some formerly unionized workers who had moved up from
         | the unionized county in order to find work (jobs were
         | disappearing in that county due to the bankruptcies). They were
         | fired in a few months because they wouldn't show up on time,
         | were constantly dropping the ball, etc. In his opinion, their
         | work ethic had been ruined.
         | 
         | I'm actually not anti-union, but I'm mostly anti US union. I
         | think if we adopted a non-antagonistic model similar to
         | Germany, it'd be alright.
        
           | DonnyV wrote:
           | What were the 2 counties and in what state. I'm sure this is
           | all true but I like verify.
        
             | christophilus wrote:
             | They were Horry and Georgetown, SC.
        
           | CameronNemo wrote:
           | How much of that difference was due to capital preferring to
           | invest in the right to work environment while deliberately
           | neglecting the unionized jurisdiction? It is hard to use
           | purely observational evidence to determine causation. You
           | need sophisticated statistical techniques, and many
           | observations, to conduct meaningful observational studies.
        
         | exabrial wrote:
         | Show me a well run union in the USA where they successfully
         | compete against union union workers, their industry isn't being
         | shipped overseas, and workers can optionally participate
         | without having wages garnished.
        
           | objclxt wrote:
           | > Show me a well run union in the USA where they successfully
           | compete against union union workers, their industry isn't
           | being shipped overseas, and workers can optionally
           | participate without having wages garnished.
           | 
           | Writers Guild of America East (for journalism), or the
           | Authors Guild (novelists). You can become a journalist or a
           | novelist without being a member. But both guilds have
           | collective bargaining agreements with publishers.
        
           | jolux wrote:
           | >workers can optionally participate without having wages
           | garnished.
           | 
           | This is the direct purpose of so-called "right-to-work" laws.
           | Unions are required to represent employees regardless of
           | whether or not they pay dues, meaning other members shoulder
           | the costs of collective bargaining. This is called the "free
           | rider" problem and is one of the biggest ones facing unions
           | today. It's also one of the main targets of the PRO Act.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | shuntress wrote:
           | The screen actors guild
        
             | exabrial wrote:
             | well played.
        
             | ayende wrote:
             | You mean, the one were it is actually easy to fire people?
        
               | exabrial wrote:
               | yes, the one where being white and good looking is valued
               | most.
        
         | belval wrote:
         | It started during a student summer job. I was taking care of
         | lending canoes to people in a park. One canoe got visibly dirty
         | so I brought a rag and some cleaner from home and just cleaned
         | it.
         | 
         | I was reprimanded by another worker because according to
         | whatever union full-time employee had, cleaning a canoe was a
         | union job and by bringing my own rag and cleaner I was
         | violating the union's chart of some shit.
        
         | adamrezich wrote:
         | I posted the story here before but my only experience with
         | unions was when my friend and then-roommate was waiting for his
         | teaching license to transfer over from SD to WA, so he had to
         | have multiple part-time jobs to survive in the interim. one of
         | the places he got a job at was one of the Redmond QFCs. he
         | worked there as a cheese monger and was paid minimum wage for
         | doing so. (it's statistically likely that a nonzero number of
         | readers of this comment bought cheese from him sometime in
         | 2015-2016 lol).
         | 
         | we both had worked at various Walmarts in the past so we were
         | familiar with their explicitly anti-union rhetoric, but it had
         | never affected us, so we didn't think much of it. my friend was
         | shocked to discover that union membership was _mandatory_ in
         | order to work at QFC (this has been since made illegal in WA
         | apparently), which included a union initiation fee of like a
         | hundred dollars iirc, in addition to the monthly union due. my
         | friend was not looking for some kind of long-term employment
         | with Kroger (QFC), he just wanted a short-term part-time job
         | that would help him get cash quick, to stay afloat. yet, the
         | union literally did nothing for him but take money from his
         | minimum wage income while he was employed there.
         | 
         | like I said, mandatory union membership is apparently illegal
         | in WA now, which is great. and there are probably situations
         | where unions are helpful and productive. but I have seen a lot
         | of people have this opinion that unions are unassailably forces
         | of good in all situations, and that just seems silly to me.
        
         | brandonmenc wrote:
         | There are pros and cons to unionization, but imo not all
         | workers should unionize. Most of my hardcore union friends
         | think I'm "anti union", even though I think some workers should
         | unionize for their own good (I'm looking at you, non-tenured
         | college professors.)
         | 
         | I come from a union town. My grandfather was a union organizer
         | and disowned his sister for crossing a picket line. My mother
         | worked in a union her whole life. My father was a union
         | steward, then halfway through his career entered management and
         | had grievances filed against him. I was - briefly - a dues-
         | paying member of a union as a teenager (IBEW) for my summer
         | job. I have many friends in trade unions (plumbing,
         | electrician, etc.) and I have friends in SAG.
         | 
         | The relatively high standard of living I enjoyed as a child was
         | in large part the result of my parents being in unions.
         | 
         | Sure, mom had to sometimes see less skilled co-workers get
         | promoted before her due to seniority, but she wouldn't have had
         | the good pay, benefits, or job security without the union.
         | That's the trade-off, and for her it was worth it in the long
         | run.
         | 
         | However, the downside of a union encouraging low productivity
         | can be very real.
         | 
         | Case in point - where my father worked, the union was so
         | entrenched that the high seniority factory workers were making
         | as much as local software developers (nothing necessarily wrong
         | with that), but their productivity was far below workers doing
         | the same job in a non-unionized factory being paid far less in
         | another state. When they were asked to increase productivity to
         | meet that level, they balked. For years. Then went on strike.
         | And as a result, at least partly, that business was sold off
         | and a lot of them were laid off.
         | 
         | It's always a set of trade-offs but I think plug-and-play
         | workers should organize. They need to be able to collectively
         | bargain. They just don't have the same individual leverage like
         | say, software developers.
         | 
         | The problem is that we're not in the heyday of unionization
         | anymore. Few industries are unionized nationwide, so companies
         | can just move to another state. Unions don't have the leverage
         | they used to, so organizing can end up being a footgun. That
         | might mean that business has too much of an advantage, not that
         | unionization is bad, but it depends on your worldview. But
         | without unions, it's just always going to be a race to the
         | bottom for unskilled labor. How could it not be?
         | 
         | Trade unions and guilds (like SAG) are a totally different
         | animal.
         | 
         | SAG is great because you work for an ephemeral production, not
         | a company. Game development should definitely adopt this model,
         | because games are really just movies now. You get your benefits
         | through the union when you're not actively working, etc. Not a
         | bad deal, and probably better for the production companies.
         | 
         | Trade unions - they restrict the supply of labor, driving
         | prices up, but they police themselves and maintain quality. I
         | would be uncomfortable hiring a non-union plumber for anything
         | non-trivial.
         | 
         | Anyways, like I said, it's all a set of trade-offs, and those
         | vary depending on the industry.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | TheCapn wrote:
         | I'm pro-union, but I think its worth noting that the type of
         | average commenter here isn't in a position where unions provide
         | large tangible benefit. Unions work extremely well in places
         | where the employer holds a disproportionate amount of power to
         | the worker. Fortunately, as things currently stand for the tech
         | industry, the worker maintains a lot of power in that they can
         | easily find new work of sufficiently equal pay/benefits. For
         | us, if the employer is shit, we move up the street, but in
         | places like factories where the employer can re-train labour on
         | a whim, the union provides far more benefit.
         | 
         | So merely by nature of the type of individual you'll encounter
         | on HN, you'll get a strong bias towards the anti-union.
        
         | bradleyjg wrote:
         | On the flip side I wonder how many of the pro union voices I
         | see on Facebook or elsewhere, especially millennials & gen z,
         | have ever worked a union job and seen what a seniority system
         | or non-at-will employment actually looks like in practice.
         | 
         | Of the people I know that have direct experience with US
         | unions, even those that ultimately come down on the side of
         | supporting them have lots of stories to illustrate the warts.
         | That's a kind of nuance I'm not seeing from the "eat the rich"
         | crowd which makes me think they don't have direct experience.
        
           | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
           | I've seen what non at-will employment leads to in Europe, and
           | it's pretty good.
        
             | TechBro8615 wrote:
             | Like your smartest citizens leaving to start companies in
             | the US? Restrictive labor laws and high payroll taxes make
             | EU countries an unappealing option for small companies.
        
             | mynameisvlad wrote:
             | Yeah honestly I'm pretty shocked at the number of people
             | that think being able to be fired on the spot anytime for
             | practically any reason is a _good thing_.
             | 
             | That's probably the most absurd thing I've read in these
             | comments.
        
             | Nimitz14 wrote:
             | Since we're trading anecdotes: I'm European and I disagree.
        
             | bradleyjg wrote:
             | I've heard similar things from others (though less so in
             | Southern Europe). However, I don't think you get there from
             | here by just expanding existing US unions. It would take a
             | bigger culture shift.
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | You don't need unions for that, just legislation. In
               | Ireland, you are essentially at-will for the first six
               | months of any role, and after that you are "permanent".
               | 
               | This essentially means that there needs to be a process
               | to fire you. You need to supply at least one verbal
               | warning on stated grounds (backed up as a written), then
               | another one and then you can fire someone.
               | 
               | It works reasonably well (not always, obviously) and it's
               | super bizarre to me that you don't have that in the US.
               | To be honest, when my previous employer wanted to move me
               | to the US, this was one of my concerns, especially when
               | you're dependent on the job for a visa.
               | 
               | It just seems that its a bad trade-off for US people in
               | general, and it's odd to me that it appears to be mostly
               | unquestioned.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | US companies fear lawsuits and firing employees includes
               | a lot of data to back it up, from what I've observed.
               | There are so many protected classes and reasons why
               | firing is illegal, and people are so litigious, that
               | months of documentation, warnings, improvement plan, etc.
               | is required to fire someone with HR's approval. And even
               | then usually you give some severance to ensure lawsuit
               | isn't filed.
        
           | winkeltripel wrote:
           | With the shrinking fraction of jobs which are unionized, is
           | it really surprising that a younger crowd has no experience
           | with it?
        
             | bradleyjg wrote:
             | Wouldn't it behoove people to learning about subject before
             | forming such strong opinions about it? Perhaps by talking
             | to people with direct experience?
        
         | tablespoon wrote:
         | > My question is this: Where did you get information about
         | unions? Because people keep mentioning their "bad reputation"
         | and then start listing off a bunch of "facts" that read like
         | they're bullets straight out of one of those anti-union videos
         | during onboard at several major employers (Walmart, Target,
         | Amazon, etc).
         | 
         | Realistically? Probably libertarian advocacy literature coupled
         | with a few confirmatory anecdotes that may or may not be from
         | first hand experience. When I was anti-union, that's where it
         | came from.
         | 
         | You also have to keep in mind the HN is run by a VC firm, and a
         | lot of its culture was set by aspiring capitalists hoping to
         | win the startup lottery. That's going to lead to certain
         | predicable biases (e.g. taking the perspective of a business
         | owner even if you're unlikely to ever successfully be one).
        
         | Fernicia wrote:
         | I went to a school where the teacher's union made it impossible
         | to remove incompetent teachers. Teachers who got consistently
         | poor student results, didn't control the class, took several
         | months of "sick" leave, etc.
        
         | unionanswer wrote:
         | Worked in a union for a few years.
        
         | slibhb wrote:
         | Unions are employee cartels. They are a tool for correcting an
         | imbalance between employers and employees. Sometimes unions are
         | good, because the employees have no leverage. Other times
         | unions are bad, because employees have plenty of leverage.
         | Workers are not saints. When given leverage, they use it to
         | advance their own interests, which are not always reasonable.
         | 
         | People disagree over whether Amazon is a situation where unions
         | would be a benefit or a detriment. Make an argument instead of
         | diminishing people who disagree with as you misinformed.
        
         | parliament32 wrote:
         | Personally, it came from working for a massive union
         | (government, not US) for many years. The downsides are real:
         | hard to fire bad performers, your merits don't matter at all
         | (the guy doing the bare minimum job description gets the same
         | raises as you), wayyy too much focus on seniority (for
         | promotions, vacation selection, etc), and overall just too many
         | rules (for example, "unlimited vacation" works great with my
         | current employer but would absolutely not work under a union..
         | sick days have to be tracked, PTO banks calculated down to the
         | quarter hour, etc).
         | 
         | On the plus side, we paid like $15/month so I'm not sure why
         | Amazon is trying to scare people with the "union dues"
         | argument. And it was nice to have the option for
         | "representation" in HR-like meetings.
         | 
         | There's definitely pluses and minuses, but (having worked on
         | both sides) it's not for me.
        
           | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
           | I worked WITH UAW for years, I too personally saw pretty much
           | every Union complaint out there. So, IDK, I'm never surprised
           | how many people there are to tell me my experiences are
           | wrong.
           | 
           | I'm not qualified to say if they have a place still, but I
           | know anyone pretending it's all rainbows hasn't actually
           | suffered like I have.
        
           | specialist wrote:
           | > _the downsides are real: hard to fire bad performers, your
           | merits don 't matter at all_
           | 
           | Which work environments are merit based?
           | 
           | Which employers fire bad performers?
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | I've worked for a half dozen software companies and they
             | were all merit based and fired bad performers. They
             | certainly weren't perfect and mistakes were made, but as
             | staff I perceived that pay was strongly correlated to
             | performance and as management I worked to have pay
             | correspond to performance and had access to data that
             | demonstrated that.
             | 
             | I've worked for orgs where this wasn't true and I avoid
             | those orgs and prefer environments that are merit based.
             | 
             | I feel bad if people really have never experienced this as
             | it's really disheartening to work in an org where
             | performance doesn't matter. That must really suck.
        
             | marcinzm wrote:
             | I've found all the companies I worked at rewarded merit and
             | fired bad performers. Of course the systems were imperfect
             | but on average both happened.
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | I find it really surprising that you think this happened
               | at all companies you've worked at. In my experience, the
               | difference between good and bad companies was exactly how
               | much they recognised merit and fired bad performers.
               | 
               | Note that "bad performance" is very team specific, if I'm
               | shoved into a spaghetti DS code base and told to not
               | write tests or refactor, then I will definitely end up as
               | a poor performer.
               | 
               | And unfortunately, people being people, lots of
               | managers/leads make decisions based on unexamined
               | emotional states, which tends not to lead to rewarding
               | merit.
        
             | brianwawok wrote:
             | Most smaller startups, because it's literally do awesome
             | work or shut down.
             | 
             | Trading/finance, because it's either outsmart the rival
             | trading firms, or lose your entire stack in 1 day.
        
               | specialist wrote:
               | Could I restate your view as: Competition keeps orgs and
               | people honest.
               | 
               | The economics book Design Rules: The Power of Modularity
               | suggests orgs use something like NPV to assemble as a
               | basket of competing efforts to tackle problems. The
               | strategy of prematurely picking winners, come hell or
               | high water, always struck me as sub-optimal.
        
               | brianwawok wrote:
               | I think that is true... but man, if that was 100% of
               | jobs? I don't think a lot of people would love that. You
               | have to have a certain mindset to want to fail over and
               | over again until someday you fail upward.
        
           | ineptech wrote:
           | I think that the value of a lot of unions is obscured by how
           | well-established they are. Historically, unions are a
           | solution to a specific problem - the employer can (for one
           | reason or another) get away with jerking employees around and
           | treating them badly. But if you form a union, and the
           | employer is forced to stop some of their the worst behaviors,
           | and then it stays that way for a generation or two, it feels
           | like the union serves no purpose.
           | 
           | To take government work as an example: you mentioned some
           | minuses that are very obvious. But you didn't mention what I
           | consider one of the biggest pluses: not having to fear losing
           | your job because the mayor/governor/etc flipped parties. That
           | still happens in leadership positions, but it used to happen
           | to rank-and-file workers as well; I believe it's the public
           | employee unions that stopped that.
           | 
           | I don't work for Amazon and I don't have a dog in this fight,
           | but it would've been very interesting to see what happened if
           | this site had unionized. It's not really clear to me
           | whether/how much Amazon is jerking its workers around; are
           | there plants really unsafe, are people really miserable,
           | should they be paid more? Having one site unionize for a
           | couple of years would probably answer those questions better
           | than a million forum posts.
        
             | woah wrote:
             | > not having to fear losing your job because the
             | mayor/governor/etc flipped parties
             | 
             | Rewarding supporters with cushy jobs (and firing the old
             | workers) en mass is known as patronage and is a minor abuse
             | of power, akin to corruption. Well-developed democracies
             | take steps to prevent it, not because it's bad for the
             | workers, but because it is bad for the fabric of
             | government. The US enacted these reforms more than 100
             | years ago, starting with the Pendleton Civil Service Reform
             | act. Public sector unions had very little to do with it.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendleton_Civil_Service_Refor
             | m...
        
           | notabee wrote:
           | I guarantee you that the people at the top of companies
           | understand well that good paying positions are popularity
           | contests. It's the people who just have a strong need to feel
           | that merit matters that they can typically gull into working
           | like dogs for table scraps.
           | 
           | Granted, I have seen the other side of things, and free
           | riders are a problem. It sucks when you care about doing
           | things right and don't get anything better than the people
           | who just dial it in. But there are always going to be free
           | riders: either people who figure out how to game the system
           | because they're just there for a paycheck, or people who run
           | the system and soak up all the value while delivering little,
           | because their family knows the right people at the country
           | club.
           | 
           | Now, when a company is new, small, and nimble like a startup,
           | you can control the nepotism and free riding somewhat, but
           | any bigger shop it's just going to get baked into the system
           | either way. Try to really solve this problem, and you'll
           | threaten those with real power and get shut down.
           | 
           | Sometimes you get leapfrog moments from companies like SpaceX
           | that demonstrate just how much drag the corruption has caused
           | on progress, but they're more the exception that proves the
           | rule. And, any comments about Elon as an individual aside,
           | the powers that be have not been shy about using a bunch of
           | media mouthpieces to spread FUD about disruptors like SpaceX
           | and Tesla. (Again, not going to even touch on whether those
           | are good or bad companies, or whether Elon is a good or bad
           | person. But they are causing a ruckus in their respective
           | industries.)
           | 
           | So again, you may be doing a lot better than some people at
           | your job, and that's commendable. But it will be used to
           | manipulate you more often than not, because you care.
        
           | Varriount wrote:
           | Aren't things like time tracking, etc. union-specific though?
        
             | pseudalopex wrote:
             | Not at all.
        
           | duckfang wrote:
           | > hard to fire bad performers
           | 
           | In the jobs that I do, "bad performance" is super subjective
           | and very hard to measure. It's also the common canard to use
           | from the managerial class to get rid of someone they don't
           | like.
           | 
           | > your merits don't matter at all
           | 
           | They don't either in the non-union corporate world either.
           | They pay as little as they can get away with. They'll assign
           | as much work as you can possibly do, and then pile on more,
           | and set unreasonable demands. The moment you surmount them,
           | there's more work.... But here's your COLI for the year.
           | 
           | And, it's a common and well understood in the tech field that
           | if you want better pay, you job hop. An employer who's paying
           | you X knows that X is enough, and won't give any real merit
           | raise increases.
           | 
           | > wayyy too much focus on seniority
           | 
           | At least that's measurable, and better than managerial
           | decisions of "I like this person" or "I don't like you". Been
           | there and done that. And with a crummy manager in a union
           | job, you at least have the union steward to represent you.
           | Non-union, you have the unemployment line.
           | 
           | > overall just too many rules (example: unlimited PTO)
           | 
           | Really? You use unlimited PTO as an example?!? It's complete
           | utter trash it's unlimited by simply not showing up to work
           | at all. That's unlimited, and we all know you'd get fired if
           | you did that. You'd also likely get the axe if you took off
           | every Friday as PTO.
           | 
           | I would much rather have fair delineated and straight-forward
           | rules for all to see and vote on, than the touchy-feely
           | sounds good but not real faux-rules like 'unlimited PTO'.
        
             | vlozko wrote:
             | > In the jobs that I do, "bad performance" is super
             | subjective and very hard to measure. It's also the common
             | canard to use from the managerial class to get rid of
             | someone they don't like.
             | 
             | Have you not heard of The Rubber Room? Or the dance of the
             | lemons? At least with respect to teachers unions, the
             | problem is real and in a very detrimental way. Even when a
             | schools district wants to fire a bad teacher, the process
             | can take years and be costly enough to deter districts from
             | even bothering.
        
               | jacksnipe wrote:
               | On the flip side, I've been a student in a school with a
               | teacher's union (NYS public middle school) and a school
               | without (South Carolina public high school) and there was
               | an absolute world of difference between the two. My NYS
               | teachers were almost universally better, whereas in South
               | Carolina good teachers seemed to be the exception. My
               | good SC teachers made 20k/year less than my worst NYS
               | teachers, iirc
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | If by NYS, you mean Westchester (as is not unlikely given
               | HN), I don't think this is a fair comparison.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | There are a lot of confounding factors here. New York
               | state has higher median income, lower violent crime, etc
               | than South Carolina. It is more than possible that the
               | unionization of NYS education is a result of its better
               | education system rather than its cause.
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | And even worse, schools can't be shut down. It's okay for
               | companies to have unions. In the worse case, the company
               | closes doors, so ultimately the union needs to work with
               | the company one way or another. In government entities,
               | unions are tumors as they don't need to worry about their
               | employers going down.
        
             | Nimitz14 wrote:
             | > In the jobs that I do, "bad performance" is super
             | subjective and very hard to measure.
             | 
             | Then either you and all your coworkers so far have been
             | amazing, or you're the bad one. Either way consider
             | yourself lucky!
        
             | peferron wrote:
             | > not showing up to work at all. That's unlimited, and we
             | all know you'd get fired if you did that
             | 
             | You can also take the fixed PTO allocated by the company,
             | and then elect to not do any useful work the rest of the
             | time either. What's your solution to that? And why can't
             | this solution work in an unlimited PTO environment?
             | 
             | Note: I don't think that unlimited PTO is a good fit for
             | all industries (it certainly isn't), but your position
             | seems to be that unlimited PTO is _never_ a good fit, which
             | I disagree with.
        
             | yibg wrote:
             | You make it sound like everything is subjective and there
             | are no bad or good workers. And since we can't accurately,
             | objectively measure performance, let's just pick metric we
             | can measure even though it has no correlation with
             | performance.
             | 
             | Bad performers can absolutely be spotted, at least in the
             | extreme. People that don't show up to work, or are
             | chronically late (for work where this matters) or violate
             | safety rules for example. They get protected by unions and
             | are hard to remove.
        
             | marcinzm wrote:
             | You're making union shops and the people who support them
             | sound so depressing and indifferent to their jobs and
             | careers that I really don't want to be anywhere near
             | either.
             | 
             | >In the jobs that I do, "bad performance" is super
             | subjective and very hard to measure. It's also the common
             | canard to use from the managerial class to get rid of
             | someone they don't like.
             | 
             | Personally I'll take risk of getting fired over having to
             | spend 8 hours a day dealing with utter idiots. Not spending
             | 8 hours a day miserable is worth a lot to me personally.
             | 
             | >And, it's a common and well understood in the tech field
             | that if you want better pay, you job hop.
             | 
             | Exactly, you have the option and path for getting a better
             | pay through your own efforts. In a union industry you
             | don't. New job will pay the same as the old one based on
             | union rules.
        
             | parliament32 wrote:
             | And like I said, there's up and downsides, and it really
             | depends on what you want out of your career. Some people
             | want the 9-5 clock-in-clock-out with well-defined rules and
             | tasks, scheduled raises and all that, so they can focus on
             | their real life. Others actually like the work they do, and
             | are comfortable working hard to get four promotions in a
             | year and "messiah" treatment from management. I'm sure
             | there are bad non-union employers as you mentioned, but
             | honestly in startup-land you're a lot more likely to have
             | experiences like I described than otherwise.
             | 
             | >unlimited PTO
             | 
             | This, exactly this, is the problem with people in the
             | union-mindset. "Oh it's unlimited, that means we don't need
             | to work at all, right?" It means you have a certain amount
             | of accountability and responsibility: "Hey, we just
             | finished project X so I'm going to take Fri+Mon off to go
             | camping" is a regular thing, without having to book your
             | vacation dates a year in advance or deduct quarter-hours
             | from your various "PTO banks", or even have to document it
             | anywhere. It means the company trusts you to do the right
             | thing. You're not going to see that in a union shop where
             | you constantly have an adversarial relationship with your
             | management.
        
               | duckfang wrote:
               | > This, exactly this, is the problem with people in the
               | union-mindset. "Oh it's unlimited, that means we don't
               | need to work at all, right?" It means you have a certain
               | amount of accountability and responsibility: "Hey, we
               | just finished project X so I'm going to take Fri+Mon off
               | to go camping" is a regular thing, without having to book
               | your vacation dates a year in advance or deduct quarter-
               | hours from your various "PTO banks", or even have to
               | document it anywhere. It means the company trusts you to
               | do the right thing. You're not going to see that in a
               | union shop where you constantly have an adversarial
               | relationship with your management.
               | 
               | Well you also outlined the real problem in your way of
               | refuting mine.
               | 
               | Obviously, taking 100% PTO is a joke. I think we can both
               | agree on that. That was just a demonstration point that
               | "Unlimited != Unlimited".
               | 
               | But I also said, "How about every Friday off?" and now
               | we're talking about 52 days off a year. And that's
               | starting to get in that really fuzzy realm of certainly
               | doable, but is it 'allowed'? Or perhaps 30 days? Is
               | taking a month off acceptable (5 x 4 = 20 days)?
               | 
               | The outlier is obviously ridiculous.. But what isn't? And
               | that's where we see results like
               | https://www.workforce.com/news/unlimited-paid-time-off-
               | is-a-... where the "Unlimited PTO"
               | 
               | is more of a ploy of not having to *pay out* PTO, which
               | is legally required on exiting a company. And with
               | "Unlimimted PTO", my question about what is 'allowed' is
               | also reflected by the numbers, that shows people under
               | 'Unlimited' schemes take 2 days less than standard PTO.
               | 
               | But it's easy to say this is someone with "union-mindset"
               | saying this. That, at best, is a strawman. "Unlimited
               | PTO" isn't unlimited, and is a bad deal for the employee
               | in all ways.*
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | What's interesting about that Workforce article is that
               | the tone is completely different from the sources it
               | cites. The "2 days less per year" article by Namely that
               | they cite is about how to effectively implement an
               | unlimited PTO policy that _doesn 't_ have that side-
               | effect. In the Fast Company article they cite, they found
               | this:
               | 
               | > In a survey we conducted just before we hit the one-
               | year mark, our employees ranked unlimited vacation third-
               | highest among the benefits we offer, just behind health
               | insurance and a 401(k). It beat out vision insurance,
               | dental insurance, and even professional development, all
               | of which ranked highly in their own rights.
               | 
               | Their Unlimited PTO policy didn't move the needle at all
               | on how much vacation people took, but it had a huge
               | impact on how people felt about it. In short, they
               | appreciated being treated like adults.
               | 
               | How the author of that Workforce article got from the two
               | sources they cite to the extremely negative article they
               | wrote is beyond me.
        
               | peferron wrote:
               | > "Unlimited PTO" isn't unlimited, and is a bad deal for
               | the employee in all ways.
               | 
               | Then work for a company with fixed PTO. There are plenty
               | of these; the vast majority, actually. Why are you so
               | hell-bent on denying that choice to people who wish
               | otherwise? Even worse, you're telling these people that
               | they are wrong and that unlimited PTO cannot possibly be
               | a good fit for them. How can you expect people not to
               | disagree when they have first-hand experience of the
               | contrary?
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | > wayyy too much focus on seniority At least that's
             | measurable
             | 
             | We can use seniority, but why not get creative and rank
             | employees by height, moustache density, or digits of pi
             | memorized?
        
             | TulliusCicero wrote:
             | This kind of obtuse comment is part of why pro-union people
             | have such a hard time convincing any anti-union people.
             | 
             | People have had bad experiences with unions protecting
             | shitty employees far beyond what companies usually do, and
             | the response amounts to, "NUH UHHH".
             | 
             | If that's what people have actually experienced, telling
             | them "actually what you saw with your eyes isn't reality"
             | is not effective messaging.
        
               | nnvvhh wrote:
               | The comment you responded to gave a response to multiple
               | points, it's far from "nuh uh." Your characterization is
               | inaccurate.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | I'm specifically talking about dismissing concerns about
               | how bad employees are protected or how promotions are
               | handled.
               | 
               | > They don't either in the non-union corporate world
               | either.
               | 
               | Basically, people have seen for themselves that unions
               | seem to be anti-meritocratic beyond what companies
               | they've seen do, and that's simply dismissed.
               | 
               | "No, you didn't actually see that."
        
             | slibhb wrote:
             | > In the jobs that I do, "bad performance" is super
             | subjective and very hard to measure
             | 
             | Are you a poet?
             | 
             | In every job I've worked, from manual labor to writing
             | code, it's incredibly easy to figure out who is "performing
             | badly".
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | It's not a matter of identifying the obviously worst
               | performers. It is about insulating the majority of
               | middling workers from the whims of their bosses so they
               | can't be fired at a moment's notice for a vaguely defined
               | idea of "poor performance".
        
               | duckfang wrote:
               | https://www.folklore.org/StoryView.py?story=Negative_2000
               | _Li...
               | 
               | And research in logs and events can either be quick or
               | very slow, depending on what you're looking for.
               | 
               | And it's also easy to slop out slow bad code, and make it
               | someone else's problem (dev side of things).
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | That's a story about overzealous productivity metrics
               | coupled with a non-thinking management class. It's hardly
               | an argument for or against being able to identify bad
               | performers.
               | 
               | I know porn when I see it, but I can't (easily) make an
               | automated system to detect it and I'd struggle even more
               | to make that system make intelligent actions on
               | successful detection.
        
               | rootsofallevil wrote:
               | but does your manager? or does s/he actually only see the
               | pizza guy delivering the pizza?
        
               | slibhb wrote:
               | "My manager doesn't recognize my hard work" is a totally
               | different statement than "performance is subjective".
        
               | Viliam1234 wrote:
               | Good point. But the managers make most of the decisions,
               | and they usually can't recognize performance. So if you
               | have a 10x developer who is admired by all coworkers but
               | disrespected by management, they probably won't get raise
               | (unless they change the job).
        
               | musingsole wrote:
               | ...does that happen?
               | 
               | The situation you're describing is going to be far more
               | about the specific personalities and power dynamics than
               | anything related to accurate performance estimation.
        
             | jjk166 wrote:
             | > They don't either in the non-union corporate world
             | either. They pay as little as they can get away with.
             | They'll assign as much work as you can possibly do, and
             | then pile on more, and set unreasonable demands. The moment
             | you surmount them, there's more work.... But here's your
             | COLI for the year.
             | 
             | This has not been my experience. Every employer I've worked
             | for has offered me reasonable raises before I had to ask,
             | and consistently sought my input to estimate how much time
             | and effort tasks will take, usually adding buffer onto what
             | I suggest.
        
             | busterarm wrote:
             | They don't either in the non-union corporate world either.
             | They pay as little as they can get away with. They'll
             | assign as much work as you can possibly do, and then pile
             | on more, and set unreasonable demands. The moment you
             | surmount them, there's more work.... But here's your COLI
             | for the year.              And, it's a common and well
             | understood in the tech field that if you want better pay,
             | you job hop. An employer who's paying you X knows that X is
             | enough, and won't give any real merit raise increases.
             | 
             | This is only for people who just apply to "jobs" and accept
             | whatever money is given. You're entirely in control of
             | negotiating terms and it's easily possible to negotiate
             | wildly different employment terms than your coworkers at
             | medium to large companies.
             | 
             | Thinking otherwise is for people who aren't talented, lack
             | the ability to negotiate and don't have any imagination.
             | 
             | I know several software engineers who have negotiated for
             | $500k+ cash compensation at their employers because they
             | had skills that are in demand and it was worth paying them
             | that.
             | 
             | You would never be able to do this with collective
             | bargaining arrangements.
        
             | hintymad wrote:
             | > In the jobs that I do, "bad performance" is super
             | subjective and very hard to measure. It's also the common
             | canard to use from the managerial class to get rid of
             | someone they don't like.
             | 
             | Are you serious? This line of thinking is exactly why I'm
             | against union. It is really not that hard to tell who are
             | the bad performers. There will be false judgement, but the
             | rate is low. If you want to avoid any false results, well,
             | I don't know what world you live in. And look at teacher's
             | unions across the US. What kind of damage did they do to
             | our kids? The infamous Principal's Ball as described in
             | Waiting For Superman should make any sane person's blood
             | boil.
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | "It is really not that hard to tell who are the bad
               | performers."
               | 
               | That sounds like an entitled viewpoint. Imagine how it
               | feels to be someone of a different skin color or hair
               | style or manner of speaking and living in a society
               | where, as a middling performer, any boss you have can
               | fire you for "poor performance" with no other explanation
               | required. Without that life experience, perhaps it is
               | hard to view that situation as problematic. But for
               | people with those experiences, they would prefer a system
               | that has some insulation between them and the whims of
               | their (mostly white, male, higher class) bosses.
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | > a different skin color or hair style or manner of
               | speaking and living i
               | 
               | Yeah, right. It's all about racism. As for volumes of
               | research on performance management and management in
               | general, they are just charade by white supremacists,
               | right? Oh, and what about Asian people, in particular
               | Indians, going all the way to CEOs and college principals
               | and high-ranking government officials? Let me guess, they
               | are white? If you think so, well, let's just say some
               | people are racists to the bone, no matter how
               | "progressive" they say.
        
               | rootsofallevil wrote:
               | >There will be false positives, but the rate is low
               | 
               | What do you base this on?
               | 
               | My experience is that if you are perceived to be good you
               | can get away with being a low performer for a lot longer
               | than if you are not perceived to be good, I have seen it
               | quite a few times.
        
               | hwbehrens wrote:
               | Wouldn't that be a false negative?
               | 
               | A false positive would be when a high-performer is
               | perceived as being a low-performer, and terminated for
               | that reason despite their superior productivity.
               | 
               | I can certainly imagine this occurring, especially to
               | employees who are socially deficient, but then you start
               | to get into the quagmire of politically- and socially-
               | motivated terminations, which I think is outside the
               | scope of this discussion.
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | You're right. Edited the comment accordingly. Both false
               | positives and false negatives exist.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | I think it's pretty silly to suggest that that the
               | failure of public schools is just due to teacher unions.
               | 
               | I went to a very similar school system as the one in
               | Waiting For Superman and there are a whole litany of
               | issues I would put before teacher unions in terms of what
               | is afflicting our urban schools, top on the list is:
               | 
               | a. incompetent administration
               | 
               | b. failure to desegregate our schools.
        
               | Shivetya wrote:
               | Sorry, just look at which school systems are still closed
               | to this day regardless of the science. NYC union
               | leadership rebuked the CDC when their guidelines did not
               | meet NYC union rules.
               | 
               | Where as much of the rest of the country has had children
               | in schools just fine for months.
               | 
               | You can damn well place a lot of blame on the unions
               | because they are not there for the welfare of students
               | and no action they have taken shows otherwise. If
               | anything they guarantee the least needed teachers will
               | ever end up in schools desperate to have them. They will
               | go after any alternative means of education which
               | includes home teaching, something they have effectively
               | now forced on many minority families in our largest
               | cities.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | The science is not clear-cut. Many "minority families in
               | our largest cities" have been polled and support
               | continued distance learning while the pandemic is
               | ongoing. In the urban district that I grew up in, I know
               | this to be the case, I am not sure about in NYC.
               | 
               | I think it is funny that outsiders on an anti-union
               | crusade will continue dismiss what students & parents who
               | actually go to schools like these say many of the
               | problems are.
               | 
               | e: And I'm not saying unions are entirely unproblematic.
               | I had a few (2 or so) teachers who were protected. But
               | they are so far from the root cause of the dysfunction in
               | our urban schools. Informal segregation is a much bigger
               | piece of the puzzle.
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | This gives me new perspective. I wish we had more
               | discussion like this.
               | 
               | If all media could list facts and stats, and lay out all
               | kinds of reasons and assumptions. Unfortunately, both
               | left and right media are doing the opposite. For
               | instance, some right labels NYC teacher's union as a woke
               | entity. The teacher union said that reopening school was
               | racist. And Twitter, oh, the almighty righteous Twitter,
               | simply bans the accounts who are opposing CDC's
               | guidelines. It's just so hard to see influential medias
               | and platforms to engage nuanced discussion.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Okay, here are some of the stats I'm relying on to say
               | that desegregation is needed and good:
               | 
               | * Randomly assigned poor & black students to
               | socioeconomically diverse and non-diverse schools, found
               | rich-poor achievement gap was halved in math
               | (https://production-
               | tcf.imgix.net/app/uploads/2010/10/1600543...)
               | 
               | * Systemic benefits in national tests for students in
               | socioeconomically diverse schools, regardless of family
               | background (https://tcf.org/content/facts/the-benefits-
               | of-socioeconomica... along with a whole laundry list of
               | other evidence).
               | 
               | * Evidence that minority parents in my school district
               | favor distance learning while the pandemic continues. I
               | couldn't find the original stat because the thread was
               | deleted, but here is a similar poll showing the same
               | thing (https://www.the74million.org/article/as-more-dcps-
               | schools-op...)
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | Thanks. I was not challenging your comment. Instead, I
               | was trying to compliment yours, as it gives a new
               | perspective on why teacher's union didn't want schools to
               | open. Otherwise, I had this impression that the union
               | used racism to hide their true motives.
        
               | old_fart_dev wrote:
               | > failure to desegregate our schools
               | 
               | Beyond the oblivious benefits of having different
               | communities of students commingle, how does desegregation
               | help poorer performing school? I was under the impression
               | desegregation was more about providing more equal access
               | to better run schools than improving poorer preforming
               | school.
        
               | Miraste wrote:
               | While not addressing the problem directly, school
               | desegregation efforts usually also spread socioeconomic
               | classes more evenly. Poorly performing schools almost
               | always have poorer students, and bringing in more well
               | off parents allows for things like fundraisers and
               | increased parental involvement in things like PTAs and
               | band/football/etc. organizations. Despite the "Karen"
               | meme, more involved parents can also lead to problems
               | (bad teachers, broken facilities) being addressed that
               | would otherwise go unacknowledged.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > how does desegregation help poorer performing school
               | 
               | 1. There are studies showing that socioeconomic and
               | racial diversity in schools (which often go hand and hand
               | in urban contexts) have _huge_ measurable positive
               | impacts on people from less advantaged backgrounds, and
               | no impact on people from more advantaged backgrounds.
               | 
               | 2. Affluent families often have more time to devote
               | towards advocating for improvements in their school.
               | Incompetent administrations get shielded when there
               | aren't parent watchdogs.
               | 
               | 3. Hate to say it, but high-quality teacher retention is
               | very difficult in schools that are close to entirely
               | black &/or poor.
               | 
               | It is much easier to create two high-quality
               | socioeconomically diverse schools than it is to create
               | two high-quality schools one which has mostly rich white
               | students and one which has mostly poor black students.
               | 
               | I definitely do not have all the solutions though. I'm
               | not really sure if desegregation in many coastal cities
               | is even possible right now while private schools remain.
               | White private school attendance is very related to school
               | system diversity.
        
           | standardUser wrote:
           | I think it is important to note that you are describing some
           | unions, not all unions. Being locked into one caricature of
           | what a union should look like is a huge driver of anti-union
           | sentiment. People learn to think that this is the only
           | version of a union that does or can exist, because anti-union
           | messaging pounds these points over and over.
           | 
           | By every metric, unions provide massive, tangible benefits to
           | most members. The question should be, how can we retain or
           | enhance those benefits while also minimizing the well-known
           | downsides?
        
             | juancampa wrote:
             | > By every metric, unions provide massive, tangible
             | benefits to most members
             | 
             | Mind citing your source or perhaps one example of a good
             | union? I'm genuinely curious
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | Here is a quick one from the Bureau of Labor
               | Statistics...
               | 
               | https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2013/04/art2full.pdf
               | 
               | This report from. US House committee has a bunch of links
               | too... https://edlabor.house.gov/imo/media/doc/PRO%20ACT%
               | 20-%20By%2...
        
           | DC1350 wrote:
           | > hard to fire bad performers
           | 
           | Why do you care about this as an employee? You get nothing
           | when somebody else makes the company more money.
        
             | makoz wrote:
             | I guess to some extent it's about some aspect notion of
             | "fairness". Another concern would be if their poor
             | performance spills over into my own role and that prevents
             | me from pursuing more interesting tasks that are more
             | aligned with my growth/interests.
             | 
             | More practically, if I'm working at a place where my team
             | has fixed head count I'd rather us have the ability to
             | replace someone who's not contributing to the success of
             | the team.
        
               | notabee wrote:
               | This can definitely be a burden, though on the flip side
               | of the coin if the team is constantly churning due to
               | cooking under a performance magnifying glass all the
               | time, you still end up with lots of newbies who only just
               | get up to speed enough to contribute for a bit before
               | moving on because it's miserable. So sometimes it's
               | better to deal with the problem you know, and just move
               | them out of the critical path.
        
             | isbvhodnvemrwvn wrote:
             | You are held accountable for performance of your team,
             | directly or not. I have worked with people who were a net
             | negative - try to push their work on me, or just being an
             | asshole in general. The productivity would have been higher
             | if they were not there, and I would be much happier.
        
             | furyofantares wrote:
             | > Why do you care about this as an employee? You get
             | nothing when somebody else makes the company more money.
             | 
             | Compensation often includes stock; so you do get something
             | when somebody else makes the company money. And if nothing
             | else, the company doing well may help you feel job security
             | and be better able to make plans for your future.
             | 
             | You also may enjoy making the best product you can. When
             | another employee gets in the way of that, it can make it
             | harder to enjoy your work.
        
             | bendbro wrote:
             | Because I actually want to make an impact at my job and
             | constantly carrying idiots on my back is a horrible
             | experience.
             | 
             | Thankfully my workplace is not unionized and I have great
             | team members. Whether union or non-union workplaces can
             | encourage that, I don't know, but that is an example of why
             | an employee would care.
        
           | slantedview wrote:
           | That unions can be bad is not news to anyone. But what's
           | clear is not having unions is much, much worse. A simple
           | comparison of wealth vs union membership tells it all:
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/RBReich/status/1369433256907710470/photo.
           | ..
        
             | _-david-_ wrote:
             | Do you have any proof that the lack of unions is causing
             | the top 10% to make more? There are variety of different
             | things that started in the 50s such as outsourcing to
             | cheaper countries.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | https://xkcd.com/925/
        
             | busterarm wrote:
             | I wouldn't exactly take Robert Reich's word for it...It's
             | not so clear at all.
             | 
             | There's plenty of other variables to consider here and he
             | just graphed two of them. Corporate taxes were much higher.
             | Also it looks like share of income going to the top 10%
             | hasn't really changed much at all in the last 100 years.
             | 40% +/- 10%. That needle hasn't moved very far.
        
               | slantedview wrote:
               | Not his graph. It comes from an EPI report:
               | 
               | https://www.epi.org/publication/labor-
               | day-2019-collective-ba...
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | It's still just cherry picking 2 variables to graph
               | together that may or may not be related.
               | 
               | Correlation != Causation.
        
         | burtonator wrote:
         | If my children want to work in coal mines I'll be damned if
         | some union is going to take that away from them! /s
        
         | objclxt wrote:
         | From what I can tell, a lot of people in tech are anti _blue
         | collar_ union, but mistakenly assume that blue-collar unions
         | are _all_ unions.
         | 
         | For example, just in the replies to your comment people are
         | saying they dislike unions because they protect the
         | incompetent, stifle progression, give preferential treatment
         | purely on seniority, etc.
         | 
         | But then go look at Hollywood, with the Screen Actors Guild,
         | the Writers Guild, the PGA, etc. These are unions that have
         | some of the most highly paid and richest people in the world as
         | members. The same is true in the sports world.
         | 
         | And sure, these unions are not perfect by a long shot, but they
         | are doing a huge amount to hold what is ultimately a very
         | exploitative industry to account.
         | 
         | Of course, companies like Google, Amazon, and the like would
         | much prefer software engineers continued to think that all
         | unions were like the Teamsters. They don't want you to know
         | that there's a whole class of professional unions serving some
         | of the most highly paid people and engaging in collective
         | bargaining.
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | Everyone points to SAG as an example of a good union. But how
           | many of these are there? If there are dozens of examples of
           | "bad unions" and a single example of a "good union", that
           | doesn't exactly give someone voting to unionize high
           | confidence.
        
             | rootsofallevil wrote:
             | Talk to people in places like Germany and you might get a
             | different take about bad/good unions
        
               | yibg wrote:
               | This didn't happen in Germany, this happened in the US.
               | For whatever reason unions behave differently here, and
               | it's the union model in the US that people rightfully
               | evaluate against.
        
             | toby wrote:
             | That's because SAG is a guild, not a union, and it works
             | because every known actor is voluntarily a member, so you
             | can't make a movie without agreeing to their rules.
        
               | athms wrote:
               | SAG-AFTRA meets the definition of a labor union under
               | federal and state law. It negotiates working conditions,
               | compensation, and benefits with production companies and
               | studios. It is treated in the manner as other labor
               | unions such as IATSE, IBEW, and Teamsters.
        
               | labcomputer wrote:
               | That's because true Scotsmen are not allowed to join SAG.
        
           | stale2002 wrote:
           | Even the high end unions have pretty big problems.
           | 
           | Things like the actors guild are simple rent seeking at the
           | expense of newcomings. They are setup in a way where only
           | insiders are allowed to get jobs at certain places, and there
           | are large barriers to entry to becoming an insider.
           | 
           | If we were to apply this to tech, it would be contract
           | provisions that keep out engineers that dont have degree, or
           | discrimination against H1B immigrants.
           | 
           | And I don't want the tech industry to have contractual
           | provisions that discriminate against these groups, and would
           | be willing to spend a huge amount of effort fighting people
           | who want to do that. (And based on comments that I have read
           | on hacker news, there really are a lot of people who want to
           | screw over self-taught developers, or immigrants)
        
           | athms wrote:
           | The Producers Guild of America (PGA) is NOT a union, it is a
           | trade association.
        
           | function_seven wrote:
           | The union Amazon warehouse voted against (the RWDSU) is a
           | blue collar union.
           | 
           | Your point is a good one when we see the backlash against
           | unions in software engineering and related fields. I just
           | wanted to bring it back around to why anti-union comments on
           | this story specifically would be right to cite their problems
           | you listed in the 2nd sentence.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | And conversely there are plenty of good employers who don't
           | require unionization to treat employees well.
           | 
           | The point is that these situations are often framed as the
           | angelic unions vs the evil capitalist employer. In reality,
           | there are plenty of bad unions just as there are plenty of
           | bad employers.
        
           | brianwawok wrote:
           | So, do you know anyone say 20 something and trying to get
           | into the SAG? Dealing with the drama of union vs off union
           | jobs in NYC? It's usually something like:
           | 
           | Work the union job for $10 an hour, earn credit towards
           | joining the SAG. In 10 years I can actually join the SAG and
           | make actual decent paying jobs, and actually get health
           | insurance.
           | 
           | vs
           | 
           | Work a non-union job for $20.
           | 
           | It feels very much like a way to exploit people to let them
           | someday get the magic card. The numbers are very approximate,
           | but the sentiment I have gotten from people actually with
           | boots on the ground. Do I want this as a developer? No way!
        
           | toby wrote:
           | Guilds are a little different from unions in practice. They
           | set minimum standards but there's no group negotiation based
           | on seniority or anything like that. Studios are free to pay
           | some hot rising star 100x as much as the guy who has been a
           | character actor for 30 years as long as he's making the
           | minimum and getting his breaks and meals and stuff.
           | 
           | It's also a challenge to get into a guild, SAG has minimum
           | requirements for having already performed. A union is
           | generally just something you have to join when you take a job
           | at a unionized company.
           | 
           | This is not a value judgment, just wanted to point out the
           | differences.
        
             | bena wrote:
             | Why are you making his argument for him?
             | 
             | He pointed out that not all unions are the doom and gloom
             | version where you can't carry lightbulbs (seriously people,
             | don't ever use that example, it's right out of the anti-
             | union video, obvious tell) and good people can't get
             | promotions because of blah blah blah.
             | 
             | You then responded by saying it doesn't count because it's
             | different.
             | 
             | Yeah, that's the point. A "union" isn't a thing like
             | gravity. It doesn't only work one way. It a collection of
             | workers who want to collectively bargain with an employer
             | to bring some balance to the power dynamic between huge
             | companies and individual workers. Whatever rules the union
             | wants to set out are up to them.
        
               | toby wrote:
               | I'm not arguing, if anything I'm agreeing, was just
               | trying to clarify some things.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | Lol not every comment reply has to be an absolute
               | refutation of the parent comment! They were agreeing with
               | the person they were replying to... wow can't have that
               | can we!
        
               | stale2002 wrote:
               | The contract provisions described regarding these high
               | end unions _are_ doom and gloom though.
               | 
               | Contract provisions that screw over newcomers, and set up
               | additional barriers to entry are not good.
               | 
               | I do not want the tech industry to discriminate against
               | new comers, or developers who don't have a CS degree, or
               | H1Bs more than it is already doing so.
               | 
               | And that is what those kinds of unions do to the
               | industry. They setup barriers to entry to target these
               | groups.
        
             | athms wrote:
             | >SAG has minimum requirements for having already performed.
             | 
             | Other unions do the same, such as longshoremen. You can
             | work next to unionized longshoremen, doing the same type of
             | job, yet not be part of the union because it strictly
             | controls who can be a member in order to keep membership
             | low and compensation high.
        
         | blululu wrote:
         | I would not say that I'm anti-union but my experience working
         | with a large union was pretty universally negative. It was just
         | one more layer of bureaucracy that never really advocated for
         | anything good. They consistently failed to deliver pay or
         | benefits increases but would tote meaningless symbolic
         | victories. The union was generally out of touch with the
         | workers. Personally I really like the idea of a workers
         | association that would actually bring benefits to employees and
         | focus on personally and community development as well but I
         | don't see a lot of innovation in how labor unions treat their
         | constituents.
        
         | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
         | > So anti-union people exactly where does your information come
         | from?
         | 
         | From speaking with family members who work or worked for
         | Unions.
         | 
         | From a management perspective it is untenable to not be able to
         | hire who you want (because you must offer the job to any
         | "qualified" union employee before you can hire externally), not
         | be able to fire who you want (because you must meet arbitrary
         | requirements set by the union).
         | 
         | From an employee perspective I've seen situations where they
         | want specific or custom arrangements with their boss and their
         | boss would like to give them but they violate union rules so
         | they are either forced to work around it (and face
         | repercussions if they are found out) or refuse to accommodate
         | situations that both the manager and the employee agree upon.
         | 
         | I will also say that I find the anti-anti-union rhetoric very
         | distasteful. I fundamentally agree that employees have the
         | right to discuss their desire to join or form a union but I
         | think that companies have the fundamental right to advocate
         | their position as well. Virtually all of this get's called out
         | as "anti-union" propaganda and I find that very distasteful and
         | disingenuous. Most of the "propaganda" videos I've seen I found
         | to be actually quite reasonable arguments, while most of the
         | anti-anti commentary I find to be disingenuous appeals to
         | emotion.
         | 
         | There are also many industries where unions are massively
         | corrupt. I know nothing about the union here so I won't speak
         | about it, but I do have personal experience with this.
         | 
         | Finally, I will also say that my opinion of unions skews
         | heavily against larger and more diverse ones. Had this been
         | Amazon Warehouse workers choosing to form their own union vs
         | join an existing union, I feel that would have been more
         | successful by virtue of being smaller in scope and more
         | targeted.
        
       | lvs wrote:
       | Can't believe they pulled this off. Incredible.
        
         | clydethefrog wrote:
         | Who is in "they" in this context? Are you painting Amazon as
         | the David in this situation versus the Goliath of dying US
         | labour organisation?
        
       | diogenescynic wrote:
       | Whip me harder said the good slaves.
        
       | rmah wrote:
       | Am I the only one who thinks $500/mo seems excessive for union
       | dues? That's $60k/yr in dues for every 10 workers. Does a union
       | really need a full time rep for every 10 or 20 members? If,
       | perhaps, half of that goes to "strike insurance", that would mean
       | $15k/member over 5 years. Which would be enough replace wages(at
       | $15/hr) for six months. Do they really anticipate a six month
       | strike every 5 years?
        
         | kgin wrote:
         | Actual dues amount for the union weren't proposed yet, afaik.
         | The two figures floating around were based on two different
         | interpretations of the Amazon anti-union website
         | doitwithoutdues.com
         | 
         | > Amazon... created a website for employees that tells them
         | they'll have to pay $500 in union dues a month, taking away
         | money that could go to dinners and school supplies.
         | https://apnews.com/article/what-to-know-amazon-union-vote-ex...
         | 
         | > She said she felt insulted by some of Amazon's anti-union
         | efforts, particularly the company's statements to the staff
         | that they would be required to pay nearly $500 in union dues
         | every year. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/02/business/amazon-
         | union-bes...
         | 
         | Actual site just says $500, leaving the interval up to
         | interpretation
         | https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:jMRHfH...
        
         | freewilly1040 wrote:
         | It's 500 per year not per month
         | 
         | Edit to add source https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-
         | news/early-vote-counts-sho...
        
           | y-c-o-m-b wrote:
           | Note how that's still coming directly from Amazon's
           | propaganda arm as "an estimate" and not anything official...
        
         | y-c-o-m-b wrote:
         | > $500/mo
         | 
         | Is that actually accurate? Last I read, that number came from
         | an Amazon propaganda website created to persuade voters away
         | from unionizing.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pkulak wrote:
         | Holy crap, the dues were really that high? No wonder no one
         | voted for it.
         | 
         | EDIT: $500/year, apparently
        
         | judge2020 wrote:
         | Holy, that is probably the sole reason for a majority of the
         | 'no' votes. You're talking a job that pays as little as $15 an
         | hour, so 500/mo is nearly a week's pay (~33 hours).
        
           | GavinMcG wrote:
           | Which is a good reason to be a little skeptical. The amount
           | is off by an order of magnitude.
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | Ah, the WSJ paywall cuts off before the due amounts are
             | stated (if they even are mentioned).
        
       | AndrewDucker wrote:
       | How often can these votes take place?
       | 
       | Because I'd expect support to rise next time something Amazon
       | does annoys its employees.
        
       | hnunionthrow wrote:
       | Thank god and whoever else for this. This is amazing. I realize
       | and understand a segment of HN readers are sympathetic to
       | unions(the American version too), and some are vocal advocates as
       | well, but I am absolutely elated at this outcome.
       | 
       | Edit: Question: Can this vote also be taken as a proxy indicator
       | of the working conditions not being anywhere close to what the
       | sensational and click-bait media pieces point out to be?
        
         | clydethefrog wrote:
         | The piss bottles and bags to poop in weren't click-bait. This
         | is based on leaked documents.
         | 
         | https://theintercept.com/2021/03/25/amazon-drivers-pee-bottl...
        
           | hnunionthrow wrote:
           | Sure. But this is not specific to Amazon. Most media pieces
           | around this made it sound like Amazon drivers' are exclusive
           | to this experience.
           | 
           | A lot of people working in the transportation industry do
           | this and it is not very hard to imagine why they would do
           | this.
           | 
           | Just one example: https://www.quora.com/Do-truck-drivers-
           | ever-actually-use-pis... You can find several other articles,
           | and also speak to actual drivers and they will also explain
           | why do they do this.
        
             | Dirlewanger wrote:
             | We know it's you, Amazon's PR firm, behind that throwaway
             | account.
        
         | lexs wrote:
         | Especially in that region, I would take this vote rather as an
         | indicator of the lack of alternatives. Amazon is so large that
         | they could simply scrap that location without being that
         | bothered, yet the workers do not have that freedom. The choice
         | is between taking what you can get even if it is tied to bad
         | working conditions or having nothing at all.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.is/V0bXB
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | I remember going to the unions xmas party with my dad when I was
       | a kid.
        
         | KingOfCoders wrote:
         | Sorry to the guy who didn't go to a unions xmas party with his
         | dad and felt to downvote my comment - I feel for you.
        
       | mimikatz wrote:
       | https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-union-vote-why-some-w...
       | has some interviews with actual workers
        
       | cr1pablo wrote:
       | Why are people in America against unionizing? In Spain and I
       | think in Europe it's pretty normal, most people do it.
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | Unions in the EU have very different rules than unions in the
         | US. In particular, American unions can essentially force an
         | employer to become a "closed shop" through a majority vote.
         | Everyone who works there then has to pay union dues and accept
         | a union contract. EU unions involve more worker choice.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | People in America have been subjected to nearly 100 years of
         | very successful anti union propaganda. They used to be very
         | strong, but have since been eroded and vilified by capital.
        
       | sgift wrote:
       | Next round is already called:
       | 
       | "BREAKING: @RWDSU says that Amazon illegally interfered in the
       | #BAmazonUnion vote in Bessemer, and the union will be filing
       | unfair labor practice charges with the NLRB."
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/GrimKim/status/1380541382490738690
        
         | tannhauser23 wrote:
         | They do this every time they lose a unionization vote.
        
           | slantedview wrote:
           | You think every union vote involves the company secretly and
           | illegally cajoling the USPS to install a mail box, monitored
           | by the company, right by the warehouse entrance?
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/MorePerfectUS/status/1380245193924878337
           | 
           | This was plainly illegal and tainted the vote.
        
         | nemo44x wrote:
         | As is their right to do, but I'd think with such a massive
         | drubbing they've taken here that they'd pack it up. More than a
         | super majority of workers have rejected the unions attempt to
         | infest their workplace with leftist, conflict politics.
         | 
         | The only question now is how Amazon punishes the organizers and
         | reward the dissenters.
        
         | Kylekramer wrote:
         | You can't win the game, work the ref.
        
           | judge2020 wrote:
           | It's fair to ask for the ref to review the play.
        
             | Kylekramer wrote:
             | Technically "fair", yes. When you lost by over 40 points,
             | it is also pointless.
        
               | slantedview wrote:
               | Either the vote is tainted or it's not. This one was.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | That's pretty overwhelming too, 71% No.
       | 
       | It would be interesting to hear from them why. I think we all
       | have opinions (I certainly do). But I've never worked at amazon
       | so my opinion is low value...
        
         | rshm wrote:
         | I would guess, fear of retribution from amazon. If the voting
         | was nationwide it could have lowered the fear that amazon could
         | treat one location better in things like expansion.
        
         | oramit wrote:
         | Yeah I can think of lots of reasons for this loss.
         | 
         | 1. It's always harder to get people to vote to change the
         | status quo. Even if people think the change is going to be
         | good, people are usually risk averse so you need to work harder
         | to change things vs stay the same.
         | 
         | 2. Their general opinion about unions is poor.
         | 
         | 3. Their specific opinion about this union and the unionization
         | effort is poor.
         | 
         | 4. Dues were too high vs benefits.
         | 
         | 5. Worry about retaliation from Amazon.
         | 
         | 6. I imagine a lot of people don't really think of their Amazon
         | warehouse job as a career. Most people working there probably
         | only plan to do it for a few years, in which case the value of
         | union membership falls dramatically.
         | 
         | Just some ideas.
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | I'm curious if it's the same reason I put up with !@#$ earlier
         | in my career: I don't have the luxury of taking risks and I'm
         | just really not interested in upsetting my employer.
         | 
         | You tell me there's a better world on the other side of the
         | hill, but I'm just trying to keep my children from starving
         | this month. I can't even begin to think about the uncertainty
         | and risk of trying to get there.
         | 
         | Some commentary: I think this is one reason why social safety
         | nets are tremendously valuable. The reason I eventually took
         | the risk was because being without a job was not a potential
         | death sentence. I would have unemployment insurance for a while
         | and universal healthcare would take care of my kids if they had
         | sudden needs.
        
           | nanna wrote:
           | In other countries not hiring someone because of their union
           | affiliation is flat out illegal. (Thanks to union and
           | political struggles to protect collective bargaining as a
           | right)
        
             | EarlKing wrote:
             | A lot of things are illegal in life ... but lawsuits take
             | time and money most people don't have.
        
             | danielrpa wrote:
             | In the US many would argue that it's not collective
             | bargaining if you are making the employer accept an union;
             | it's putting a gun to the employer's head in the
             | negotiations. Employers are people too! And an employer
             | could be a small to medium company that is barely surviving
             | against overseas competition.
             | 
             | I understand others would say that the employer is more
             | powerful to begin with and thus it's just a way to balance
             | things. And without that, workers would be exploited and
             | society would be worse off.
             | 
             | The reason I'm writing this is that there are two sides of
             | this discussion with pretty good arguments. So just because
             | other countries think differently, it doesn't mean that
             | they are doing the right thing.
        
               | friedman23 wrote:
               | Modern morality is very simple
               | 
               | Majority is more important than the minority.
               | 
               | Poor is better than rich.
               | 
               | Dumb is better than smart.
        
             | raisedbyninjas wrote:
             | Alabama is an at will employment state. Amazon doesn't need
             | to provide any reason for employment termination. If this
             | warehouse unionizes, Amazon may choose to relocate their
             | warehouse. This is in a suburb of Birmingham, population
             | over a million. So the workers probably aren't unusually
             | desperate for work.
        
           | josefresco wrote:
           | > I'm just really not interested in upsetting my employer.
           | 
           | This is the purpose of a union! Because you band together,
           | the employer can't punish you individually. Sure they might
           | be able to fire/replace everyone, but without a union they
           | could target you specifically and there would be no leverage
           | or help.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | My guess is the messaging about dues. Lots of people focused on
         | the short term hit to their paychecks. Most of the stories
         | reference $500/month. That does seem high.
         | 
         | Data I can find for other unions shows somewhere between 1 to 4
         | percent of gross pay as typical for union dues. Assuming
         | $15/hour, 4 percent of gross pay would be $144/month. But, if
         | $500/month is accurate, it's 13.8% of gross pay for $15/hour
         | workers, and 10.4% of gross for $20/hour workers. That's very
         | high.
         | 
         | Edit: $500/year. There were many news stories with the
         | inaccurate $500/month quote.
        
           | bena wrote:
           | That short term hit can have long term consequences.
           | 
           | If I'm scraping by already, I'm not looking forward to taking
           | another hit to an already stretched paycheck.
        
             | sumtechguy wrote:
             | For someone making 20 an hour that would amount to about
             | 400-2000 less per year (1 to 4 percent). With nothing to
             | really show for it at first. At my current pay scale I
             | would grumble about that amount but not be too worried
             | about it. But at the lower end it matters more and I would
             | probably be very angry about it.
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | It does seem like the union missed an opportunity here.
             | They should have offered some ramp up, or reconsidered the
             | $500/month.
             | 
             | If that's indeed accurate, it's 13.8% of gross pay for
             | $15/hour workers, and 10.4% of gross for $20/hour workers.
             | That seems really high.
             | 
             | Edit: It's apparently $500/year, see other posts though,
             | many news stories did post $500/month.
        
             | sitkack wrote:
             | If that is indeed the primary motivator, that folks are
             | literally getting paid so little that they can't afford the
             | union dues then two things should happen
             | 
             | The union should wave union dues until wages rise
             | 
             | and ???
             | 
             | This seems not unlike Walmart informing employees that it
             | is paying them so little that they qualify for Food Stamps.
             | 
             | Looking forward to the Amazon paper, "Pareto Optimal
             | Employee Compensation for Maintaining Fluid Labor Markets"
        
               | shagie wrote:
               | Alabama is a right to work state. No one has to pay dues.
               | 
               | https://www.justia.com/employment/unions/right-to-work-
               | and-u...
               | 
               | > A union is an exclusive collective bargaining agent,
               | which means that it must fairly represent all of the
               | workers in the bargaining unit, including those who have
               | decided not to be members or pay dues.
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | Well, yes. But enough people have to vote "yes" for the
               | union to do so. And fear of high dues could be a reason
               | why many are voting no. Even though voting yes doesn't
               | require them to do so.
        
               | bena wrote:
               | I'm trying to look at it from the workers' perspective.
               | 
               | I can't trust the Union to waive dues. Especially if they
               | haven't said they would. Even if this would benefit me in
               | the long run, I kind of need a place to stay, food to
               | eat, and transportation to work in the interim and if I'm
               | already one bad day away from being destitute, It seems
               | like throwing that extra $5 - $10 a check is only going
               | to exacerbate that issue.
               | 
               | I've been in tight situations. Where I've had to juggle
               | 0% financing and dick around with minimum payments just
               | to keep myself at level. Charges I had to incur due to
               | various emergencies at the time. I wouldn't have been
               | able to afford to unionize in those days.
               | 
               | Now I have a much better job. I just moved into a pretty
               | nice house and my biggest concerns are whether my curtain
               | rods are going to arrive before my curtains and if a
               | larger TV wouldn't be more optimal for the living room.
               | So I try and be cautious about not going too "Lucille
               | Bluth" when I hear that what I would now consider a small
               | expense be a major factor in someone's decision. I
               | realize my situation has changed a lot compared to where
               | I started.
        
           | freewilly1040 wrote:
           | It was $500/year, not per month
           | 
           | https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/early-vote-counts-
           | sho...
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | Interesting, the union missed an opportunity to fix a lot
             | of misinformation:
             | 
             | https://www.google.com/search?q=amazon+union+vote+%22%24500
             | %...
        
               | freewilly1040 wrote:
               | What is this supposed to demonstrate? Searching
               | 500/lifetime would also turn up Google results. Still
               | haven't seen an actual article reporting the figure as
               | monthly
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | Sigh, okay, if you don't want to scan the results
               | (https://imgur.com/a/ZPXCmu9), which did have other
               | keywords, here's a few. There are many more.
               | 
               | https://apnews.com/article/what-to-know-amazon-union-
               | vote-ex...
               | 
               | https://www.wmcactionnews5.com/2021/03/30/lighting-fuse-
               | amaz...
               | 
               | https://www.cbsnews.com/news/amazon-labor-union-push-
               | alabama...
        
               | freewilly1040 wrote:
               | My mistake! Your original link does indeed make the
               | erroneous reporting clear.
        
           | raisedbyninjas wrote:
           | Is there anything preventing a competitor from funding union
           | dues? Paying dues on half a million Amazon warehouse
           | employees is not cost effective, but starting a snowball
           | rolling in warehouse unionization may be possible. ~2k
           | employees per warehouse x $100/month. Walmart could fund
           | union dues for one warehouse for a year for about 1 million
           | dollars.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | Why would the dues be that high? I only pay $50 per month for
           | my union, and that's in Denmark with much higher costs.
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | No idea, but the figure is in many news stories, and I
             | don't see the union disputing it.
             | 
             | The $500 figure seems to have come from the now defunct
             | "doitwithoutdues.com" website that Amazon made. Strangely,
             | it just says $500[1], and not "$500/month". But,
             | "$500/month" is indeed in a lot of news stories[2].
             | 
             | Pretty sad for the union if the true figure is lower, and
             | they failed to get that message out.
             | 
             | Edit: Apparently it is $500/year, though many news stories
             | are saying $500/month.
             | 
             | [1] https://web.archive.org/web/20210223103728/https://www.
             | doitw...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.google.com/search?q=amazon+union+vote+%22%2
             | 4500%...
        
               | freewilly1040 wrote:
               | The second link is just a Google search. Here's a link to
               | an actual story that reports it as 500/year
               | 
               | https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/early-vote-counts-
               | sho...
        
               | tyingq wrote:
               | Yes, there's lots of them saying $500/month.
               | 
               | https://apnews.com/article/what-to-know-amazon-union-
               | vote-ex...
               | 
               | https://www.wmcactionnews5.com/2021/03/30/lighting-fuse-
               | amaz...
               | 
               | https://www.cbsnews.com/news/amazon-labor-union-push-
               | alabama...
               | 
               | Though Amazon did seem to be saying $500/year in most of
               | their messaging: https://cdn.vox-
               | cdn.com/thumbor/a3uk0eKNWqaQAaE6u9Y8qjPmCJk=...
               | 
               | The "doitwithoutdues.com" site just said $500, without
               | saying "month" or "year".
        
               | freewilly1040 wrote:
               | Commented in the other thread, but the original google
               | link you posted did make this clear and I was just lazy /
               | misreading it
        
               | antattack wrote:
               | I also found 500/month articles when searching for dues
               | that workers would have to pay. Seems to me that union
               | had worst PR campaign possible. Maybe it's good that this
               | union is not representing Amazon workers.
               | 
               | For reference, I searched UPS union dues and it comes up
               | right at the top - 2.5x base salary.
        
           | bdcravens wrote:
           | $144/month is expensive for many.
        
       | burnoutguru wrote:
       | The 39% who voted yes should put their money where their mouth is
       | and strike. This would be enough to bring that facility to its'
       | knees.
       | 
       | The inevitable retalitory measurements they will get from
       | management will make it to the courts with a shot of setting
       | precedent.
       | 
       | The high likelihood they will be treated with brutal violence by
       | police, private security and right ring militias at the picket
       | lines will gain public sympathy and create momentum for a
       | nationwide, possibly international boycott of Amazon possibly a
       | general strike in solidarity.
       | 
       | This is how most unions were built.
        
       | paxys wrote:
       | "Here's exactly how these people should have voted" - legions of
       | San Francisco software engineers making $550K/yr convinced that
       | they know everything about the lives of warehouse workers in
       | Bessemer, Alabama making $15/hr.
        
         | alea_iacta_est wrote:
         | > legions of San Francisco software engineers making $550K/yr
         | convinced that they know everything about <insert subject here>
         | 
         | HN in a nutshell.
        
         | falcor84 wrote:
         | Just to make the comparison easier for people like myself, at
         | 40h/week and 52weeks/yr, that would amount to $264/hr, and a
         | slightly more humble $150K/yr is $72/hr
        
         | seriousquestion wrote:
         | That sums it up.
         | 
         | "I know better than those people", posted a thousand miles away
         | via the latest iPhone, while binging Netflix and waiting for
         | their 2nd Amazon delivery of the day.
        
       | petermcneeley wrote:
       | A much more HN relevant question would be to ask how this
       | decision might impact the future automation of work for these
       | very same employees.
        
       | ausbah wrote:
       | there are valid points against unions, but when the balance of
       | power in this country politically and economically is sooooo
       | slanted towards the capital and those with wealth - I don't find
       | any anti-union argument remotely compelling
       | 
       | if the balance of power was more evenly divided maybe, but unions
       | are almost non-existent and government regulations don't favor
       | labor - that making such arguments feels naive to the reality of
       | the situation
        
       | fukmbas wrote:
       | What a bunch of idiots lol. If only they knew UPS drivers make
       | over $40/hr not counting overtime. Amazing health care benefits
       | etc. Why? Because they have a union. Meanwhile these Amazon
       | drivers seem to think their $15/hr is plenty.
        
       | kadomony wrote:
       | Why would vote against your own benefit? It's astounding that
       | these people are happy to be exploited.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > Why would vote against your own benefit?
         | 
         | I guess they disagree with you on what the benefits are?
         | 
         | If the goal of the vote was to give these workers a voice
         | then... I guess mission accomplished. You can't reasonably then
         | say you don't like what they say with their voice!
        
         | _-david-_ wrote:
         | Calling people stupid is a great way to get them to agree with
         | you.
        
           | kadomony wrote:
           | Fair remark, and I edited the comment.
           | 
           | It just pisses me off that capitalism has worked so well in
           | brainwashing poverty-line workers to think that they should
           | never organize, think to revolt, or ask for what they're
           | actually due. It saddens me that some people won't know what
           | they don't know and will be the perfect pawns to exploit for
           | near slave wages because "progressive ideas bad, America
           | great".
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | > poverty-line workers
             | 
             | This vote wasn't by poverty-line workers.
             | 
             | The poverty line in Alabama for a family of 4 is $26k. [0]
             | So even if the worker in Bessemer is a single parent they
             | are above the line. And if they are part of a two income
             | household then they are above the median income of $51k.
             | [1]
             | 
             | It's interesting to me how people generalize incorrectly
             | without considering the local situation of people impacted.
             | Clearly incorrect statements like yours should be adjusted
             | to have greater impact.
             | 
             | The whole country doesn't have the income and expense
             | characteristics of where I live.
             | 
             | [0] https://talkpoverty.org/state-year-
             | report/alabama-2020-repor... [1]
             | https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/AL/BZA210218
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Wasn't even close. NLRB official results: [1]
       | 
       | [1] https://www.nlrb.gov/news-outreach/news-story/nlrb-
       | announces...
        
       | typon wrote:
       | The assault against unions for the past 50 years in America meant
       | that there was only one likely outcome of this vote. Amazon is a
       | powerful entity and they used their might to suppress this vote
       | and it worked.
        
       | ur-whale wrote:
       | https://archive.is/V0bXB
        
       | stjohnswarts wrote:
       | I think this will fail until they try to unionize is a more
       | prosperous state like Virginia, California, New York state.
        
       | snurfer wrote:
       | The Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union hasn't always
       | worked out for those workplaces that have brought them in.* In
       | this instance, maybe unions aren't the solution to the "problem"
       | or maybe the problem doesn't really exist?
       | 
       | * https://www.unionfacts.com/union/Retail,_Wholesale,_and_Depa...
        
         | ivvve wrote:
         | You gotta be kidding me... this "Centre for Union Facts" is a
         | 501(c) doesn't disclose it's donors. I'd bet dollars to donuts
         | it's funded by businesses like Amazon and Walmart to do in
         | their employees who want to collectively bargain. Probably a
         | terribly biased source, for anyone who wants the real facts
         | about unions.
        
           | upbeat_general wrote:
           | Correct. See here:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_for_Union_Facts
        
           | snurfer wrote:
           | So, you're implying the 11 union decertification petitions in
           | the link I provided are fake or something?
        
             | refenestrator wrote:
             | 11 union decertifications since 2009 is 1 per year. That's
             | fine, great, people should decertify their union if it's
             | corrupt or their needs change or whatever.
             | 
             | There's a separate point about 'unionfacts.com' with a
             | bunch of anti-union stories on their website _clearly_
             | being a propaganda op.
        
               | snurfer wrote:
               | I don't know anything about the "stories" you're
               | referring to, but the website I linked to also provides
               | data on the Retail, Wholesale, and Department Store
               | Union's:
               | 
               | 1. Basic info (including membership, which has
               | significantly fallen in recent years) -- https://www.unio
               | nfacts.com/union/Retail,_Wholesale,_and_Depa... 2.
               | Leaders and salaries (they seem to be well-paid) -- https
               | ://www.unionfacts.com/union/Retail,_Wholesale,_and_Depa..
               | . 3. Crime and corruption (are they more/less corrupt
               | than an average union?) -- https://www.unionfacts.com/uni
               | on/Retail,_Wholesale,_and_Depa...
               | 
               | ... And so on.
               | 
               | If the data is incorrect, then there's reason to object
               | to linking to the website. Is the data incorrect?
               | 
               | Is there a "pro-union" website that provides/aggregates
               | the same data?
        
       | one2three4 wrote:
       | I'm sure there was not a hint of intimidation from the company...
        
       | nanna wrote:
       | I'm confused, why did they need a vote to start a union? Here in
       | the UK pretty sure if a load of workers want to start a union,
       | they can - irrespective of whether they're in the majority or
       | not. Sounds to me like the circumscription of a need for a
       | majority itself comes from anti-union legislation.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | The vote was to unionise the workplace, not to form a union.
         | 
         | You can form a union whenever you want, like you can form any
         | other group of people a club. You just can't unilaterally force
         | an employer to deal with you.
        
           | tarquinpussy wrote:
           | I hate to say it but I think the UK system is better. No
           | closed shops, but if enough of the workplace (50%?) join the
           | union, the employer has to deal with them.
        
             | didgeoridoo wrote:
             | Is that meaningfully different from a vote, then? You get
             | the majority, you get the union. If you're a recognized
             | union, NLRB says the employer must deal with you.
        
               | tarquinpussy wrote:
               | Well it's not meaningfully different from a vote in that
               | it forces the employer to deal. But it does mean that
               | there are no closed shops, so nobody is forced to join a
               | union just to work in a certain place.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | it's significantly better because union can grow
               | gradually and organically if it's delivering benefits,
               | there is no need for a single all-or-nothing' vote where
               | you can apply the FUD
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | How does the union deliver benefits and grow organically
               | if it has no power (while it has only a minority of
               | members)?
               | 
               | If a company has 100 employees and only you, Pat, and 3
               | others form a union, the company will (rightly) likely
               | entirely ignore the union.
        
               | makomk wrote:
               | Of course, the reason the UK no longer has closed shops
               | is thanks to some aggressive (though probably necessary)
               | union breaking by Thatcher. In fact, there's an argument
               | to be made that the damage done by unions directly lead
               | to Thatcher gaining power... The US seems to be heading
               | in the opposite direction under Biden, with his
               | infrastructure bill attempting to ban right-to-work laws
               | in states and reinstate most of the practices Thatcher's
               | union-breaking eliminated here. Could lead to some
               | interesting times; most American Democrat supporters and
               | HN readers are, like me, probably too young to have seen
               | first-hand why those restrictions existed.
        
               | didgeoridoo wrote:
               | In the US that varies state-by-state, but Alabama (where
               | this unionization effort occurred) is a right-to-work
               | state, which means no closed shops -- so it's probably a
               | pretty close parallel to the UK system.
        
               | bpodgursky wrote:
               | Biden is trying to eliminate right-to-work laws, so I
               | don't know how long this will be true
               | https://www.shrm.org/ResourcesAndTools/legal-and-
               | compliance/...
        
               | koboll wrote:
               | It almost seems more onerous, because "vote" requires
               | less of a commitment, arguably, than "join"
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | > but if enough of the workplace (50%?) join the union, the
             | employer has to deal with them.
             | 
             | Fewer than 50% of employees voted to form a union, so the
             | result isn't really any different.
        
             | Mauricebranagh wrote:
             | Its not as bad as the USA but getting recognition is still
             | very hard in the UK
        
         | tarquinpussy wrote:
         | In the US they still have closed shops (where you have to be a
         | union member to work there), and in the UK you still need to
         | reach a threshold of membership before the employer has to
         | 'recognise' them and negotiate with them. The situation isn't
         | as different as you are making out.
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | In some states in the US. In other states, there are "right
           | to work" laws banning closed shops.
        
             | clankyclanker wrote:
             | Isn't "some states" every state but Montana?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | That's about "at will" employment, a different policy
               | than "right to work".
               | 
               | https://spoonlaw.com/437-2/
        
         | didgeoridoo wrote:
         | I believe there can only be one union per type of worker -- you
         | can't have some warehouse pickers be repped by Union A and
         | others by Union B. The vote isn't just to unionize, it's to
         | unionize _with a specific union_. It's entirely legitimate to
         | put that to a vote, to ensure employees get to choose their
         | preferred representatives.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | In which case the title is anti-union, because it doesn't
           | mention what union and hence is conflating them all with each
           | other.
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | I didn't get the impression that there is another union
             | vote in the works at that particular facility.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | What has that got to do with equating all unions with
               | each other?
        
               | judge2020 wrote:
               | It's not conflating all unions, not even all unions in
               | Alabama, it just mentions "in Alabama" since much less
               | people would know where they meant if they said 'in
               | Bessemer'.
        
         | bpodgursky wrote:
         | Like others have indicated, the vote is to force exclusive
         | representation. Workers can always form non-exclusive unions
         | and negotiate as they see fit, but they can't force all workers
         | to be represented unless they vote.
        
         | avidiax wrote:
         | The election is required in our laws:
         | https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/29/159
         | 
         | Why it came to be that? I speculate that both existing unions
         | and non-unionized businesses preferred the election
         | accompanying single representative system, since it entrenches
         | both. It preserves the status quo mostly, and gives power to
         | existing unions that can run expensive election campaigns over
         | a simple group of workers bargaining.
        
       | asdff wrote:
       | Conservative Alabamans fleeced into voting against their own self
       | interests time again? I'm shocked.
       | 
       | In all serious, the political theater espoused on these people
       | has eroded their critical thinking, and this will come back to
       | haunt us when there comes a time for serious leadership in the
       | face of a changing climate, and all we have at the helm are
       | grifters protected by their blind sheep majorities.
        
         | musingsole wrote:
         | Internet commenter convinced they know someone's interests
         | better than that person? I'm shocked.
         | 
         | People aren't dumb. Assuming you know better for people is.
        
         | mariksolo wrote:
         | What a pretentious thing to say.
         | 
         | Maybe your critical thinking is eroded if you refuse to try to
         | understand why people would vote against a union. I'm not
         | saying you have to agree with their decision, but it's
         | ridiculous to assume everyone who disagrees with you is stupid.
         | 
         | Are you an Amazon employee at Bessemer? I'm pretty sure any
         | employee there is more qualified to make a decision about their
         | own lives than you.
        
       | Loughla wrote:
       | I absolutely do not understand why you would vote against your
       | own collective interest for a small amount of union dues. That is
       | not snark, it's a real statement. I legitimately do not
       | understand it.
       | 
       | Can someone who works/worked one of these jobs please explain it
       | to me? I am so confused by how lopsided this was.
        
         | jasode wrote:
         | _> I absolutely do not understand why you would vote against
         | your own collective interest_
         | 
         | It's because unions in America cannot guarantee the _existence
         | of the job_. Yes, unions can force _negotiations_ but they have
         | no power to force the corporation to _keep the factory open_.
         | (E.g. workers of Bakers union go on strike and in response,
         | Hostess closes the factory.)
         | 
         | That's the _tradeoff of possible negative consequences_ that
         | many armchair observers totally leave out when they only
         | emphasize benefits of unions such as  "higher pay, better work
         | conditions, etc".
         | 
         | I'd contend that observers who are confused why workers would
         | "vote against their self-interest" and being "illogical" -- do
         | not truly empathize with the poor workers' plight. (Or the
         | observers are from Europe where unions work differently than
         | America.)
         | 
         | So the workers (Volkswagen workers in TN, Nissan in TN, Boeing
         | in SC) that voted to _reject union representation_ weighed the
         | game theory tradeoffs of:
         | 
         | (a) jobs continue to exist with better pay and conditions
         | 
         | ... or ...
         | 
         | (b) jobs are eliminated leading to layoffs and pay of $0
         | 
         | The possible outcome of (b) becomes even more _perverse_ in
         | that the workers _pay dues_ to have their jobs eliminated!
         | 
         | Yes, but if workers don't form a union -- _" it's a race to the
         | bottom!"_. Well, repeating memes is the currency of pundits
         | rather than real cash that puts food on the table. Workers,
         | understandably, make _local decisions_ because they want a
         | paycheck rather than worry about some global abstraction of
         | "race to the bottom".
         | 
         | Other fields such as NFL, NBA, superstars have leverage in
         | union negotiations. Faceless workers have much less leverage.
         | E.g. baseball umpires (faceless and less leverage) strike but
         | the MLB just accepts their resignations and hires replacements.
         | The unskilled line workers in factories have even less
         | leverage.
        
           | bradleyjg wrote:
           | Hard to believe this isn't the top reply. You don't need to
           | go off into some long discussion about the philosophy of
           | collective action. This vote was no because if it had been
           | yes the likely consequence would have been all the voters
           | being out of a job.
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | VW _wanted_ a union in TN.
        
             | regextegrity wrote:
             | > This vote was no because if it had been yes the likely
             | consequence would have been all the voters being out of a
             | job.
             | 
             | Isn't that a problem?
        
               | bradleyjg wrote:
               | Maybe. But it's not some deep mystery why the vote was
               | no. All the threads and sub threads discussing it as if
               | it were a deep mystery puzzle me. I'm always bemused at
               | smart people with strong opinions on subjects where they
               | don't even have a grasp of the basic factual landscape.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Maybe. Maybe not. Let's take for the sake the argument
               | that yes, it's a problem.
               | 
               | Should Amazon be prevented from closing the factory? For
               | how long? Do they have to send as much product there as
               | they did before? Can they open a non-union warehouse in
               | Columbus, MS less than two hours away? Any
               | temporary/sunsetting requirements just get factored in to
               | the new math of how much a union would cost them. So
               | maybe you buy the workers six months but the same thing
               | happens. So if you actually want to "fix" things (again,
               | from the assumed standpoint that shutting down the
               | factory is a Bad Thing) the requirement has to be
               | permanent. So is the requirement then that Amazon has to
               | keep this one warehouse open in perpetuity just because
               | its unionized? What if Amazon goes bankrupt? What if
               | Amazon sells its fulfillment and shipping components to
               | another company? What if that company buys everything
               | _except_ this one warehouse?
               | 
               | The argument of "they shouldn't be able to close the
               | factory" falls apart pretty quickly when you think of how
               | you would have to enforce it.
        
         | Ericson2314 wrote:
         | Also dues are not compulsive because it's a "write to work"
         | state. Insanity.
        
           | macinjosh wrote:
           | It is "right to work" and I do not see how it is insane to
           | not _force_ people to join unions. In the US we take our
           | freedoms of association seriously and forcing a citizen to
           | associate with an organization they do not wish to associate
           | with is tantamount to an unconstitutionality.
        
         | rorykoehler wrote:
         | Gaslit to death
        
           | macinjosh wrote:
           | Funny how some resort to calling workers gullible when they
           | don't vote the way they're supposed to. You're saying these
           | people have no agency and no understanding of their own
           | situation? How patronizing! I thought accepting the will of
           | the people is the whole goal of democracy?
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | rorykoehler wrote:
             | You take the Union and then shape it to your will. Now they
             | for sure have no agency and no options. It's a stupid
             | decision no matter how you paint it. It's also not my
             | problem. They can piss in bottles if they like.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | From an earlier thread:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26749927
        
         | throw4downvote wrote:
         | Ironically I think this is a good example of one of the
         | weaknesses many people see in unions. Here we have a group of
         | people who have voted "against their collective interest"
         | (which is a dubious claim imo, but let's assume that it's true
         | for the sake of argument). If they were already unionized,
         | what's to stop them to similarly keep voting "against their
         | collective interest", as viewed by one individual within the
         | organization? All of this to say, I don't trust a large group
         | of other people to vote for what's best for me personally. See
         | also: US presidential elections, usually close to a 50/50 vote,
         | where most people consider "their side" to be unequivocally
         | aligned with their own interests, and the other side to be
         | heinous and corrupt. Peoples perceptions and the objective
         | truth are rarely aligned when there's money and campaigning
         | involved.
         | 
         | (Throwaway because being anti-union is unfortunately taboo)
        
         | macinjosh wrote:
         | "why you would vote against your own collective interest for a
         | small amount of union dues"
         | 
         | Ignorance of their own reasoning is rooted in the
         | presupposition that the union was in their best interest and
         | the dues were worth it. Obviously, the employees in this case
         | did not agree it was in their interest. People think
         | differently than others and that is OK.
        
         | lr4444lr wrote:
         | Maybe they're worried that Amazon will not want to do business
         | with union labor and just hire people willing to work
         | unrepresented for 15/hr. minimum.
         | 
         | Maybe work-life at Amazon low end is not as bad as the media
         | sensationlizes. Why should it be your default to consider this
         | as paradoxical rather than evidence?
        
         | brighton36 wrote:
         | I get the impression that most people download their opinions
         | from whatever pa system is loudest and closest to them. Perhaps
         | that explains this...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | fergie wrote:
         | Reading the replies here I'm pretty shocked by the lack of good
         | arguments against unionisation. Its sad.
        
           | conanbatt wrote:
           | Empirical argument: The biggest unions in america are for the
           | most poorly run and corrupt organizations. Teachers, Police,
           | Firemen, Government workers, Health, public transportation.
           | All with massive costs to the consumer, corruption, service
           | disruption, closed shops, etc.
           | 
           | Microeconomics argument: The only meaningful way unions
           | increase employees wages is by artificially restricting
           | supply. They can only move the point of equilibrium of demand
           | and supply in their favor by restricting supply, thus unions
           | always have in their interests on: increase minimum wages,
           | licensing, closed shops, etc.
           | 
           | Political Economy argument: What is most interesting for
           | unions is to survive as unions, which means that even if
           | sometimes they are adversarial with employers, they are often
           | allies to the structure. This is because at the negotiation
           | table between unions and employers there are some actors
           | missing, namely, the consumer.
           | 
           | Political argument: Unions exhert force only by destruction:
           | by refusing to work, by boycotting, by collecting
           | administration fees to maintain its structure. The
           | proliferation of unions is the proliferation of destruction.
           | Giving special legal status, protections, considerations,
           | rewards to unions, you are proliferating unions and
           | proliferating destruction.
        
             | regextegrity wrote:
             | Meanwhile the Teachers, Police, Firemen, Government
             | workers, Health, public transportation workers do not live
             | in a state of wage slavery where the best job they can get
             | doesn't even give bathroom breaks (i.e Amazon)
        
           | hackeraccount wrote:
           | The arguments against come from uncertainty, "there are
           | clearly trade offs" "I don't know but people with skin in the
           | game are against it" "This will cause problems in the long
           | run"
           | 
           | The arguments in favor are certain. There's is no mention of
           | downsides; the only talk is of more money and more security
           | with at most a mention that some dues will need to be paid
           | (though on balance the worker will come out ahead).
        
         | EarlKing wrote:
         | They're underpaid enough as it is? Seriously, that's usually
         | what it comes down to: Nobody wants to give up a dime for union
         | dues when they're already barely making ends meet.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | Aren't Amazon workers paid more than average warehouse
           | workers?
           | 
           | ZipRecruiter shows the average in all states as under $15 [0]
           | so an Amazon worker will likely make more than a worker in
           | other warehouses.
           | 
           | Doesn't mean that they are rolling in the money, but makes me
           | think higher wages is probably not a motivating factor for
           | unionization.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.ziprecruiter.com/Salaries/What-Is-the-
           | Average-Wa...
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | making $15/hour doesn't mean you suddenly have lots of
             | money to make it rain. $15/hour means that a lot of people
             | are just now at the point of barely making it vs the
             | completely snowed under they were in at minimum wage
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | I think it depends on your circumstances but I don't
               | think $15/hour is a ton of money.
               | 
               | Warehouses are frequently in rural settings and $15 isn't
               | so bad. I have friends who are doing ok on $12/hour but
               | they only have $300 rent and really low expenses. Rural
               | America doesn't have many upsides, but being cheap is
               | one.
               | 
               | And my point wasn't that Amazon was wonderful, just that
               | it pays more than the alternative since the average pay
               | is much lower ($11 vs $15 I think) at other companies.
        
               | slantedview wrote:
               | But there's a massive difference in working conditions.
               | There is no warehouse floor worker that will be making
               | $15 an hour indefinitely. Eventually, their bodies will
               | succumb to injuries while trying to keep up with the
               | brutal pace of work mandated by Amazon.
               | 
               | So then what's worse: $11 an hour at a job you can work
               | indefinitely, or $15 an hour at a job where your body
               | will eventually fail and you may be left with a permanent
               | injury which Amazon will not help you with?
               | 
               | https://coloradosun.com/2020/09/29/amazon-safety-crisis-
               | thor...
        
               | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
               | It's more than double of a federal poverty level.
               | 
               | Not a lot of money, but what else to expect from the job
               | that requires minimum skills and no education?
        
             | nemothekid wrote:
             | > _ZipRecruiter shows the average in all states as under
             | $15 [0] so an Amazon worker will likely make more than a
             | worker in other warehouses._
             | 
             | Amazon workers make more than other non-unionized
             | warehouses in the area, but they still make less than
             | unionized warehouses. For example Piggly Wiggly warehouses
             | make $20/hr on top of having vacation days and medical
             | benefits.
        
         | AndyMcConachie wrote:
         | If they unionize Amazon will close down the warehouse and open
         | it somewhere else.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | Maybe. They sure will threaten to. But fact is, Amazon has
           | quite an investment in these warehouses and wages are really
           | just one aspect of the calculus for whether or not to keep
           | running the warehouse.
           | 
           | Plus, if unionization makes its way to every Amazon
           | warehouse, then everyone will compete on equal footing vis-a-
           | vis wages.
        
             | bradleyjg wrote:
             | Very brave of you and the grandparent poster to want other
             | people to gamble their livelihoods to advance your
             | ideological vision.
        
             | fooker wrote:
             | If your idea (here: unionization) only works if you can
             | manage to force everyone to accept it, it has no place in a
             | modern Democratic society.
        
         | zests wrote:
         | People aren't voting against the dues, they are voting against
         | the union.
        
         | trackmenot wrote:
         | My theory is that rich people and well-educated people vote
         | according to self-interest, but poor and non-educated people
         | according to identity. Billionaires votes for whoever lowers
         | their taxes, academics for whoever secures them, often tax-
         | funded, jobs, but poor people for whoever they like personally.
         | 
         | I'm positive that education was strongly correlated with voting
         | in favor of unionization. This is something the left everywhere
         | struggles with enormously. When poor people are too dumb to
         | vote according to their own self-interest, the left's worldview
         | falls down. The left then claims that poor people are
         | brainwashed by capitalist propaganda. Yeah, maybe, but it can't
         | explain completely disastrous results like this unionization
         | vote.
         | 
         | Misguided people will claim that unionization is not in the
         | self-interest of most workers. Those people are wrong as there
         | are about a billion studies showing that unionization improves
         | both salaries and working conditions. For example:
         | https://www.epi.org/publication/briefingpapers_bp143/ The
         | science is incredibly clear-cut and these workers who voted
         | against unionization voted against their own self-interest.
        
           | wavefunction wrote:
           | Poor people vote in their own interest just like anyone else
           | but their options are limited and often the opportunity to
           | consider all their options is truncated by the vagaries of
           | life on the edge of dissolution.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | > Can someone who works/worked one of these jobs please explain
         | it to me? I am so confused by how lopsided this was.
         | 
         | It's a result of how unions are structured in the US. (It's
         | different in Europe from what I understand, and they're more
         | popular there as a result.) In the US unions are structured as
         | a monopoly on labor which then nominally has more negotiating
         | power with the employer.
         | 
         | The problem is that monopolies are inherently an industrial
         | scale fail factory and everything about them makes everything
         | worse.
         | 
         | You then have effectively two possibilities.
         | 
         | The first is that the employer is competing with a hundred
         | other local employers for labor. In this case there isn't
         | really anything for the union to _do_ , because the employer
         | will already have to offer competitive working conditions or
         | employees will go work for somebody else. And the employer in a
         | competitive market won't have thick margins for the union to
         | extract from, implying that the union's overhead will be larger
         | than what they can extract from the employer.
         | 
         | The second is that the employer is, itself, a monopoly. In
         | theory it now has thick margins that the union can extract
         | concessions out of. But then you have two monopolies
         | negotiating with each other. It's a battle of attrition. Can
         | the employer afford to have their facility closed for longer
         | than you can afford to be on strike? You know the answer to
         | this is for large multinational corporations. The corporation
         | will barely even notice the complete shuttering of that
         | facility because they have a thousand more to pick up the
         | slack.
         | 
         | A monopsony employer is still a big problem, of course, it's
         | just not a problem that unions are a solution to. Try
         | antitrust, or lower regulatory barriers to small businesses so
         | that there are more competing local employers etc.
        
           | slantedview wrote:
           | > A monopsony employer is still a big problem, of course,
           | it's just not a problem that unions are a solution to. Try
           | antitrust, or lower regulatory barriers to small businesses
           | so that there are more competing local employers etc.
           | 
           | I like your comment, but unions aren't necessarily meant to
           | solve this problem. Amazon imposes terrible working
           | conditions on its warehouse workers, which a union absolutely
           | could address.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > Amazon imposes terrible working conditions on its
             | warehouse workers, which a union absolutely could address.
             | 
             | How? The union's negotiating power comes from the ability
             | to go on strike. They make a demand, Amazon says no, they
             | go on strike, Amazon closes that warehouse and sends people
             | their cheap junk from a different one.
             | 
             | All the union can get you is the unemployment line, unless
             | you do something to increase local competition for labor.
             | In which case you don't need the union because employers
             | have to compete through better working conditions.
        
         | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
         | > I absolutely do not understand why you would vote against
         | your own collective interest
         | 
         | The whole "voting against your own interest" is hugely
         | paternalistic and anti-democratic. People have their own set of
         | values and interests. As an outsider without knowledge of the
         | people to accuse them of voting against their own interest
         | because they did not vote the way you wanted them to is the
         | height of arrogance.
        
           | darkwater wrote:
           | OP is actually just asking why, and explaining they don't
           | understand why workers voted that way, which superficially
           | seems "wrong".
        
             | luckylion wrote:
             | And that's paternalistic, isn't it? "They voted against
             | their interest" implies that OP knows/decides what their
             | interests are.
             | 
             | Personally, I've never met someone who knew workers that
             | was fundamentally surprised by their decisions. It was
             | always the people who only talked, read and wrote about
             | workers that were flabbergasted. Source: worked as a
             | consultant for a union in Europe for a decade.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | OP was implying what his/her interests are, or rather,
               | would be, s/he believes, in this case. Source: I am OP
               | and that was my intention.
               | 
               | That's why I asked for someone with direct experience to
               | comment. I am confused, based on my own viewpoint and
               | experience with unions.
               | 
               | >I've never met someone who knew workers that was
               | fundamentally surprised by their decisions.
               | 
               | I don't, genuinely don't understand this sentence. What
               | is workers? Who are workers? What group of people would
               | you consider workers? I've been part of two unions, both
               | of which benefited me, personally, immensely. These were
               | knowledge jobs and not hands-on jobs. Am I a worker? My
               | father is very blue-collar manufacturing and he has been
               | both anti- and pro-union, depending on which shop he
               | worked for. Is he a worker?
               | 
               | I don't understand what you're saying. Honestly. It
               | sounds like you're the font of some mystical knowledge
               | about a mythical group of people. What do you mean by
               | your statement? I don't get it.
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | > I don't, genuinely don't understand this sentence. What
               | is workers? Who are workers?
               | 
               | Workers are people who work in the rougher jobs, blue
               | collar if that's what you prefer. White collar unions are
               | very different in my opinion.
               | 
               | My experience is this: I've worked with people who were
               | workers and then transitioned to working for the union,
               | either because they were natural organizers, or because
               | they had accidents that made it hard to work their job (a
               | surprising amount of them had lost a finger or two). When
               | they spoke about these kinds of things, like votes or
               | organization rates, they were quick to give plenty of
               | reasons why their colleagues would make some decision
               | because they knew all the arguments and feelings.
               | 
               | The other type I met at the union was college educated,
               | usually political science, spoke a lot of class
               | consciousness and collective interests and had never
               | worked the jobs the union represented. When you talked to
               | them, they didn't understand why workers made some
               | choice, it was always some nicely worded version of
               | "they're not smart enough to make the right choice" or
               | "somebody fed them lies".
        
           | Loughla wrote:
           | Relax. I guess I should've said - "What I perceive as your
           | own collective interest," although I would argue that was
           | implied.
           | 
           | I didn't intend to be arrogant at all, I am legitimately
           | confused. The two jobs that I was in a union, the union was
           | massively beneficial to my life. That is where my perspective
           | came from.
        
             | staticman2 wrote:
             | The poster that attacked you is repeating a conservative
             | pundit talking point I've seen.
             | 
             | Call me cynical but I suspect if the vote had gone pro-
             | union and you had written "Don't the workers realize unions
             | are against their own economic interests?" said poster
             | would have written "Amen!" rather than calling you
             | paternalistic.
        
               | peytn wrote:
               | I dunno, it's better on HN to give people the benefit of
               | the doubt. The overlap of software engineer and
               | conservative punditry consumer is pretty small relatively
               | speaking. It's not like the ideas put forth are too
               | convoluted for somebody to have on their own.
        
             | macinjosh wrote:
             | "The two jobs that I was in a union, the union was
             | massively beneficial to my life."
             | 
             | Just because the union was beneficial does not mean it was
             | better to have it around than not to. You only experienced
             | one side of the coin in those situations.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | I didn't feel like typing out everything involved, but
               | yes, it was better than not having it. Both positions
               | became unionized during my tenure with those
               | organizations. The pay, benefits, and time-off benefits
               | were much better as a union shop than before we
               | unionized.
               | 
               | I know it is just my experience, so it's very anecdotal
               | evidence at best. And that was my point - that is my
               | experience, which is why I'm confused by the massive vote
               | against unionization. I, personally, do not understand it
               | and would like to.
        
           | virgil_disgr4ce wrote:
           | I mean, it is possible for one person to know certain things
           | that another person does not, and further possible that the
           | latter person WOULD act differently if they had that
           | knowledge.
        
         | prepend wrote:
         | I think reasons will vary, and I didn't vote in this event. But
         | in previous situations I've not supported unionization due to
         | how it favored existing workers in ways I thought were unfair
         | in that all layoffs were due to seniority not performance so
         | older workers would be kept and younger workers laid off, no
         | matter what.
         | 
         | It also established more rigid pay levels that were better on
         | average but not as good for high performers, and I always got
         | much higher than average raises and bonuses.
         | 
         | To a lesser extent, I didn't like the idea of union leadership
         | who were paid for things I didn't think added value.
         | 
         | So my overall take was that it was good if you were in the
         | union and employed, but was much harder to get work and join
         | the union.
        
           | baron816 wrote:
           | > it was good if you were in the union and employed, but was
           | much harder to get work and join the union.
           | 
           | This is my fundamental problem with unions--it helps the
           | insiders and hurts everyone else.
           | 
           | Amazon's working condition are rough (and I really hope that
           | changes), but there are plenty of jobs out there that are
           | much worse and don't pay nearly as well. They just get all
           | the attention because of their size and impact.
        
             | theptip wrote:
             | I think it's important to consider the state of the whole
             | system, not just the direction of the change.
             | 
             | "helps insiders and hurts everyone else" sounds bad, but if
             | the insiders are being exploited by everyone else, it could
             | be a good thing.
             | 
             | In general I'm sympathetic to your point. However I think
             | Amazon is perhaps a special case, or at least occupies a
             | different point on the than most companies.
             | 
             | Amazon is an Aggregator[1], which spins up its flywheel by
             | providing a great experience for consumers, and
             | commoditizing its suppliers. This naturally drives towards
             | a monopoly.
             | 
             | Aggregator monopolies have an interesting property in that
             | unlike historical non-Aggregator monopolies, they are great
             | for consumers, rather than resulting in consumer harm
             | through higher prices (like Comcast, say). US antitrust law
             | is focused on preventing consumer harm, not just preserving
             | competition for its own sake (as the EU laws are). So US
             | antitrust is somewhat less well-equipped to deal with
             | Aggregator monopolies.
             | 
             | If the corporation, consumers, and legal system are all
             | pointing towards exploiting a group of workers, it's hard
             | to see how anyone is going to vote to make things better.
             | So unions could be more appropriate specifically in the
             | case of Aggregators.
             | 
             | (Worth mentioning that you could perhaps just mandate
             | higher minimum wages, and avoid the need for unions; I'd
             | prefer to make the minimum viable change that prevents
             | exploitation, and leave the market free to optimize
             | everything else. But if not unions, who drives the
             | political fight for minimum wages?)
             | 
             | [1]: https://stratechery.com/concept/aggregation-theory/
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | I don't think you can definitively state that they are
               | great for consumers. When I buy something from debenhams,
               | I know there is going to be a certain level of quality.
               | Amazon is like a dump of products, most reviews are fake,
               | the description of a monitor has different resolution in
               | heading and it's body, a friend of mine bought an
               | electric kettle with a thermometer and temperature
               | control that, when set to 100, boils forever and never
               | turns off. It's full of counterfeit products too.
               | 
               | All this mess devalues the manufacturers willing to
               | produce quality items, they are lost in the noise and
               | never make money.
        
               | theptip wrote:
               | And yet, consumers love Amazon, e.g.
               | https://www.foxbusiness.com/technology/amazon-favorable-
               | tech....
               | 
               | The meme "Amazon is a dumpster fire of counterfeit goods
               | and fake reviews" is popular around here, but I don't
               | think it has much impact/traction with John/Jane
               | MainStreet.
               | 
               | Maybe it would if it was better-known? But I think if
               | folks found counterfeit goods or fake reviews to be a
               | huge problem they would go back to Debenhams/Walmart. But
               | by revealed preferences, we can tell they prefer the
               | value prop of Amazon.
        
             | tehWeeb wrote:
             | That's the fundamental problem with our culture generally.
             | 
             | The closer (figuratively speaking) to the big money and
             | political power someone is the more comfortable they are.
             | 
             | And we all want to believe it's a meritocracy. We're just
             | temporarily embarrassed millionaires.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | I think that's a feature, not a bug. In that I don't
               | think it's a problem.
               | 
               | Labor is subject to markets like many things, and
               | shouldn't be exploited. But there's some work that's hard
               | and doesn't require specialized training (eg, hauling
               | stuff around warehouses all day). Some people are willing
               | to do this and they do, if they don't want to they can do
               | other things.
               | 
               | This is an oversimplification, of course, but having the
               | ability to provide more jobs with more options is the
               | solution I think.
               | 
               | I grew up in a small town and it sucks for work. If you
               | think working for Amazon sucks, you should try working in
               | the warehouse of the only grocery store in town. The one
               | run by a racist jerk who knows you have no options.
        
               | brundolf wrote:
               | "It could always be worse" isn't a very good argument for
               | "we shouldn't have an expectation of things being
               | better", imo
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | To clarify, I think this is an optimal state for low/no-
               | skill labor. So not so much "it could be worse" as "this
               | is the best of a shitty situation."
        
               | brundolf wrote:
               | There's nothing optimal about the level of pressure being
               | applied to these human beings. The same job could exist
               | for the same pay, with the same overall tasks, with 10%
               | less robotically-enforced (literally) pressure, and
               | Amazon would take a tiny hit to productivity in exchange
               | for a workforce that gets to live relatively sustainable
               | and healthy lives instead of burning out after 6 months.
               | 
               | The current state is optimal for Amazon only. It's far
               | from optimal for society.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | I think it's optimal for society in that society benefits
               | from efficient warehouses.
               | 
               | It's easy for you to theorize what Amazon can do and what
               | they can't. Amazon has competitors with warehouses.
               | People can work there.
               | 
               | As consumers we can also demand more. But Amazon is
               | probably the best for workers when compared to their
               | competitors.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | firstly, why is being abused and peeing in a bottle
               | inevitable? Your post basically reads like how someone in
               | 1500 would look at serfs and peasants in mud huts and say
               | "that's as good as life of a common man is gonna be".
               | Same goes for Victorian workhouses and children in
               | coalmines.
               | 
               | Secondly, what is low skill exactly? Can these people not
               | read, write, use Excel and email, could they not do
               | secretarial and other jobs? I bet quite a few of them
               | have degrees. Some countries have free education /
               | upskilling specifically to avoid people getting trapped
               | in this situation, and to improve overall productivity of
               | the economy.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | We're talking about warehouse workers, not delivery
               | drivers so I'm not sure if peeing in a bottle is the
               | right argument here. Warehouse workers get breaks and can
               | presumably use them to pee, etc. That being said, I've
               | done some delivery and work where it was a pain to get to
               | bathrooms and peeing in a bottle was pretty common and
               | not the end of the world. I maybe did it a few times a
               | week but there wasn't an easy solution as I was driving
               | for long stretches and there wasn't a bathroom near. Or
               | I'd rather just get there sooner.
               | 
               | By unskilled I mean that you can be trained on the job in
               | less than a day. It doesn't mean that the workers don't
               | have degrees and skills, it just means the job doesn't
               | require anything. By all means, they can certainly take
               | other jobs but good luck finding a secretarial job for
               | $15/hour.
               | 
               | The Bureau of Labor and Statistics has a lot of info on
               | how they classify "low skill" jobs [0] and even tracks
               | overqualified workers who have more skills but work in
               | jobs that require fewer skills.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2017/article/wage-and-
               | job-skill...
        
               | tehWeeb wrote:
               | Providing busy work for people that to prop up Amazon's
               | selling boat loads of knock off garbage.
               | 
               | Amazing. Surely because "that's how it worked in the
               | past" isn't the only option for social organization?
               | 
               | Why not stop believing in Bezos and solve our human
               | problems generally?
               | 
               | Why not a mandate to provide education and healthcare and
               | we provide THOSE jobs?
               | 
               | Because Bezos and Musk are able to get real access to
               | politicians, resulting in the rubes being fed fiscal
               | economic policy that continues to protect them.
               | 
               | The circular logic is mesmerizing.
        
             | splintercell wrote:
             | > This is my fundamental problem with unions--it helps the
             | insiders and hurts everyone else.
             | 
             | Misesean analysis showed that unions cannot benefit
             | everyone, they always benefit the sr workers at the expense
             | of the jr workers.
        
           | Causality1 wrote:
           | Maybe I'm reading too much into it, but your comment reads
           | like you were operating in a much nicer career than these
           | workers. If your job was good enough they gave you the
           | opportunity to negotiate your pay, you're in a totally
           | different social class than the subjects of this vote.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | It was manual labor. I'm not sure it was nicer than these
             | workers but I was able to negotiate my pay by "working
             | harder" and producing more than other workers.
             | 
             | I wouldn't say it was a good job and I certainly don't do
             | it any more. But I just tried to explain my thinking.
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | Maybe so, but this was indeed just their experience on
             | voting not to unionize in their job. Maybe some of the
             | workers in this particular case will share why they voted
             | 'no'.
        
             | syshum wrote:
             | I negotiated individual raises at first hourly job when I
             | was in high school with a major national retailer...
             | 
             | I was one of the few High School employees they had that
             | was reliable and always did what I was asked, this enabled
             | me to get not only higher wages but ever increasing job
             | titles
        
           | Loughla wrote:
           | Thank you for the explanation. Those are viewpoints that I
           | have not encountered or considered. That makes sense.
           | 
           | >To a lesser extent, I didn't like the idea of union
           | leadership who were paid for things I didn't think added
           | value.
           | 
           | Can you expand on this point, please?
           | 
           | >So my overall take was that it was good if you were in the
           | union and employed, but was much harder to get work and join
           | the union.
           | 
           | That makes a ton of sense.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | Regarding union leadership, there are union employees who
             | are paid out of dues. My experience with them was similar
             | to a pointy-haired boss in that they were not very helpful
             | and it was frustrating to know that my dues would pay for
             | these individuals to just exist and not produce value.
             | 
             | It may not be rational as maybe they did great stuff and I
             | couldn't see their value, but I would see them get high
             | salaries compared to workers and serve in positions for
             | very long terms.
        
           | buran77 wrote:
           | > I think reasons will vary
           | 
           | A good one seems to be that they are afraid unionizing will
           | push Amazon to close the delivery center. This has happened
           | before when other companies (see Walmart [0]) just closed the
           | location once the workers voted to unionize. And
           | unfortunately it's less likely US law will protect the
           | workers to the same degree as Canadian law [1].
           | 
           | [0] https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/wal-mart-to-close-
           | unionized...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/quebec-unionized-
           | wal...
        
           | christiansakai wrote:
           | Wow, so companies managed to "Prisoner's Dilemma"ed workers?
           | Amazing, brilliant idea.
        
         | trimbo wrote:
         | > I absolutely do not understand why you would vote against
         | your own collective interest
         | 
         | The answer is in the article
         | 
         | > Some workers who voted not to unionize said they ultimately
         | didn't see how a union would improve their pay or working
         | conditions.
         | 
         | They looked at the issue and felt it would not be better. We
         | don't know what the union was promising them, and what they had
         | seen through the process.
         | 
         | I came here to find this comment because the "vote against
         | their interest" argument is very predictable. It assumes that
         | people should have no agency. That they're supposed to be
         | robots that only vote one way on issues because of their
         | demographic, and if they don't, then they must have been
         | hoodwinked. It's condescending.
        
           | kethinov wrote:
           | They looked at the issue and felt incorrectly that it would
           | not be better.
           | 
           | Look, I get the good intentions on all the discourse about
           | not judging what's in another person's interests because you
           | can't possibly know what they value, but it sure seems
           | indisputable to me that a union would've delivered better pay
           | and working conditions. I'm not sure in what warped universe
           | voting against that isn't a vote against your interests and I
           | don't think it's at all disrespectful to say they were
           | victims of propaganda to get them to vote against their
           | interests because when I look at the facts, that's what I
           | see.
        
             | camjohnson26 wrote:
             | They probably just examined the same facts as you and came
             | to a different conclusion. They are closer to their own
             | situation, which doesn't always mean they will make the
             | right decision, but I would be very careful about telling
             | someone how to live their own life.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | What set of facts could possibly have made unionization a
               | bad idea? I genuinely can't imagine a single hypothetical
               | which would make voting against this a good idea and
               | would love to hear one.
        
               | camjohnson26 wrote:
               | From the article: "A lot of us are in agreement that we
               | don't need anybody there to speak for us and take our
               | money," said Cori Jennings, 40 years old, who works at
               | the Bessemer facility and voted against unionizing. Ms.
               | Jennings said she and many of her colleagues were also
               | eager for the national attention to fade: "We want our
               | lives to go back to normal."
        
               | carmen_sandiego wrote:
               | For example if they thought it likely Amazon would just
               | close up shop as a result.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | Closing it would almost certainly be a lot more expensive
               | than meeting union demands, so I don't think it's
               | reasonable to conclude that is likely.
               | 
               | Regardless, it's a decent argument for a nationwide union
               | to avoid race to the bottom effects.
        
               | carmen_sandiego wrote:
               | > Closing it would almost certainly be a lot more
               | expensive than meeting union demands, so I don't think
               | it's reasonable to conclude that is likely.
               | 
               | Not if Amazon thought swift action would act as a
               | deterrent in other locations. This specific thing has
               | happened with other companies, so I don't think it's
               | unlikely at all.
               | 
               | > Regardless, it's a decent argument for a nationwide
               | union to avoid race to the bottom effects.
               | 
               | OK, but the question is whether these specific workers
               | could possibly have any reason to vote against
               | unionization. Maybe they don't find it plausible that a
               | nationwide union will form, or maybe they don't want to
               | deal with the interim turmoil that will befall them
               | personally, even if they would support a nationwide
               | effort. All seem like perfectly fine reasons to me.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | "We can't win, they'll just crush us" is 1. wrong on the
               | facts more often than people think and 2. even when true,
               | a good argument for organizing more effectively, not
               | giving up and accepting the shitty status quo forever.
        
               | carmen_sandiego wrote:
               | Yeah, how is this relevant to the thread? It's not about
               | why you think we should have unions. It's about the claim
               | that there's no possible rational reason for these
               | workers to vote against the union.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | It's not reasonable to assume the hypothetical
               | retaliation you mentioned is likely because there's no
               | evidence that it is. It's certainly understandable why
               | someone would fall for that argument, because it is
               | persuasive on an emotional level, but it's not a good
               | argument in the same way that logical fallacies can often
               | be persuasive even though they shouldn't be.
        
               | carmen_sandiego wrote:
               | Walmart is famous for doing exactly that. I'm not sure
               | what else I can tell you if you (a) claim that a certain
               | outcome never happens, when a cursory search shows it
               | does, and (b) actually think that your political opinions
               | are the result of some kind of pure logic chain. They're
               | not.
               | 
               | It's not a 'logical fallacy' to not want to risk
               | disruption of your livelihood, and that's the only
               | relevant question to this thread: is there any set of
               | facts that would reasonably lead the workers to vote
               | against unionization? I think clearly there is, and
               | there's no point arguing over subjective prioritizations.
               | The workers are not 'irrational' for prioritizing their
               | own jobs over the 'national action' that you seem to
               | want. They may even consider that harmful. Not all
               | workers have the same political opinions.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | Well to be clear, I would agree with you if I agreed that
               | closing up shop was actually likely. If we assume that
               | just the very act of forming a union, regardless of its
               | demands, would inevitably lead to closing up shop, then
               | of course I agree that forming the union is
               | counterproductive. Where we disagree is on whether or not
               | that hypothetical is very likely.
        
             | lovecg wrote:
             | Really, it seems indisputable to you that someone who's job
             | is on the line and who probably spent quite a bit of time
             | looking into what was being proposed ultimately decided to
             | vote no must be wrong? I'm curious what better information
             | you have (especially to compensate for the lack of skin in
             | the game so to speak) to come to that conclusion.
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | Aside from the common sense that collective bargaining
               | obviously puts you in a stronger negotiating position
               | than individual bargaining for the same class of job,
               | there is also plenty of data out there showing that
               | unions deliver results. Anti-union people counter that by
               | flooding the discourse with FUD propaganda that is often
               | very persuasive but just because it's persuasive doesn't
               | mean it is true.
        
               | lovecg wrote:
               | That might be true on average, doesn't mean that specific
               | cases could have vastly different outcomes.
               | 
               | I don't see how a propaganda campaign can push the vote
               | to 70%, this is not Soviet Russia. Money does help but
               | not on this order of magnitude (see Mike Bloomberg or
               | many failed ballot propositions with tons of money behind
               | them).
        
               | kethinov wrote:
               | They had anti-union propaganda everywhere, even in the
               | fucking bathroom stalls. Plus it's a very conservative
               | part of the country that has been drowning in anti-union
               | propaganda for decades on top of the fact that the
               | average moderate American swing voter is also pretty
               | hostile to unions and even a good chunk of the center-
               | left side of the Democratic coalition is too.
               | 
               | Pro-union people have a lot of work to do to restore the
               | reputation of unions more generally. We need to up our
               | propaganda game a lot because we got crushed in the
               | Reagan era and never recovered.
        
               | mariksolo wrote:
               | Collective bargaining is 100% better than individual
               | bargaining.
               | 
               | But, collective bargaining is only a single aspect of
               | unions. They're not voting against it because they
               | dislike collective bargaining, but because of other
               | reasons. Collective bargaining is likely not a
               | significant motivator for them because their salaries
               | really are fairly high for the area.
               | 
               | I think in many cases unions are good, and in many others
               | they are bad. I disagree that you can point at overall
               | data and use that decide a specific case. Union data
               | likely has severe survivorship bias, since unions likely
               | tend to exist where they are more helpful.
        
         | exabrial wrote:
         | I would try working one of "those jobs" at some point in your
         | life.
         | 
         | I repeatedly voted against unionization in previous lives of
         | blue collar jobs: bus building, commercial roofing, and sheet
         | metal workers.
         | 
         | First, Union leadership is bought out and pursuing their own
         | interests. They're not "for the people" as repeatedly
         | braindeadly repeated in the comments section ad infinitum.
         | Union leadership is out to benefit themselves first and
         | foremost, and workers _might_ benefit if you contribute to
         | their cause, but it 's a fantasy to pretend union leadership
         | has everyone's best intentions in mind.
         | 
         | Inevitably, this leads to the second, which is escalation of
         | costs at the company. This is only partially wages; business
         | decisions get delayed at committee, competitive advantage on
         | market timing goes away, old-timey boomers get mad when
         | something changes, and your company's innovation becomes
         | stagnate. Your company falls behind and wages stagnate, and
         | union leadership blames literally everyone except for
         | themselves.
         | 
         | Finally, the benefits are stupid for the price you pay. If they
         | were measured on charity navigator, they would be listed as
         | some of the worst run. The money gets funneled into union
         | leadership pockets and their golf buddies. Nepotism runs wild;
         | promotions got to whomever is slapping whom's ass or giving it
         | out to their kid. It's a "tax" you can't vote yourself out of
         | except to quit your job.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | kadomony wrote:
         | Most of the folks who vote aren't really the type to sit down
         | and think long-term. $50/month in dues getting them +$2-3k more
         | annually every two years? They won't do the math and see they'd
         | make a net profit of whatever that annual income increase is
         | minus $600.
         | 
         | There was some great video floating around recently of a
         | forklift operator or something who explained what his union
         | dues got him and he was so informed and unphased by the dues he
         | was paying.
        
           | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
           | > " _...why you would vote against your own collective
           | interest ..._ "
           | 
           | > " _...Most of the folks who vote aren 't really the type to
           | sit down and think long-term..._"
           | 
           | Why do people call others dumb (and let's not kid ourselves,
           | that's just what these phrases are a cultured, genteel way of
           | saying) and then are surprised when said others don't vote
           | for the causes they believe in?
           | 
           | Don't they realize that casting aspersions on the
           | intelligence of others to their faces is "against their own
           | collective interest"? If you want people to vote for your
           | causes, work harder to prove that it benefits them instead of
           | denigrating them.
        
             | trackmenot wrote:
             | > Why do people call others dumb (and let's not kid
             | ourselves, that's just what these phrases are a cultured,
             | genteel way of saying) and then are surprised when said
             | others don't vote for the causes they believe in?
             | 
             | How does calling people dumb affect the way they vote? In
             | fact, if me and others calling people who vote against
             | unionization dumb makes them _more likely_ to vote against
             | unionization, it clearly means that they are not primarily
             | considering their self-interest, since whatever I and other
             | leftists say or think is completely irrelevant.
             | 
             | If I say "you're an idiot for voting for Trump" and that
             | makes you more likely to vote for Trump, then, I'm sorry to
             | say, you proved my point.
        
               | bitcurious wrote:
               | If the vote is for union representation and the folks who
               | will represent you have the attitude that "if you don't
               | agree with me you're an idiot" how could they be trusted
               | to represent your views? They will only ever represent
               | their own interests.
        
               | trackmenot wrote:
               | 2 + 2 = 4. If you don't agree with me then you are an
               | idiot. Yes, union representatives look after their own
               | self-interest. That's the point of unions! Their self-
               | interest is getting reelected and they aren't reelected
               | unless they look after the self-interests of the union
               | members. What you are arguing for is that people should
               | lie and obscure the fact that someone who denies that 2 +
               | 2 = 4 is an idiot. I don't think people are such
               | snowflakes.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | kadomony wrote:
             | I don't think you'll find many of those Amazon warehouse
             | workers on this site. Also, it's not said with malice, so
             | don't reach for a fight.
             | 
             | Most of these workers slave for long hours. And then they
             | work another job on top of it. And then they wonder why
             | they STILL aren't making enough to pay TODAY's bills. Their
             | mindset is myopic because they live paycheck to paycheck.
             | You tell them they're losing MORE money out of each
             | paycheck, that suddenly makes them worry exponentially
             | more.
             | 
             | I'm friends with people living this dilemma monthly. They
             | don't have the luxury to think what the long-term return on
             | investment is.
             | 
             | And to say they're under-educated isn't calling them dumb.
             | The ones I know are high school dropouts/graduates only.
             | High school doesn't teach you personal finance the way a
             | finance course at a college might introduce you to it. It's
             | just statistical correlation.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | Right up until that new raise puts you in the lowest tier of
           | the next tax bracket so that you suddenly make less by making
           | more.
        
             | RankingMember wrote:
             | That's not how marginal tax rates work, though- You get
             | taxed higher on the amount above the threshold, not on the
             | entire amount.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | If you're below the poverty line, it's possible to make
               | less by making more by disqualifying yourself for public
               | aid.
               | 
               | But if the Amazon workers are in that situation then we
               | would need to expand this conversation anyway.
        
               | RankingMember wrote:
               | Agreed. My comment regards income tax brackets, not
               | public aid.
        
             | anotherman554 wrote:
             | That's not how tax brackets work. You never make "less"
             | when you make more money.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Your take home is what most people consider "making" even
               | they know their actual salary is what they "make". I made
               | a higher salary working in a state with state income
               | taxes. Took a pay cut to move to a state without state
               | income taxes. My take home went up (obviously). So I
               | "made" more in take home by "making" less.
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | And in this case your take home would go up 100% of the
               | time you got a raise - only the raise amount itself would
               | decrease proportionally to your increased income.
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | You changed what tax rules applied to you by moving, and
               | thus your tax situation changed.
               | 
               | The point remains: under normal income circumstances
               | (i.e. not related to welfare or equity), there is no way
               | for you to get a raise in your real income and have your
               | take home income decrease due to your federal income tax
               | bracket.
        
             | gizmo385 wrote:
             | That's not at all how our tax system works. Progressive tax
             | brackets only tax you at the new rate on the money that
             | you've made within that tax bracket. Getting into a higher
             | tax bracket _does not_ result in you making less money.
             | Ever.
        
             | david-w wrote:
             | That's a common misconception in 99% of cases, save for
             | some welfare cliffs for really low earners. Tax brackets
             | are graduated tiers, so not everything is taxed at the same
             | rate.
             | 
             | https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/071114/can-
             | moving-h...
        
             | didgeoridoo wrote:
             | That's not how tax brackets work. It is, unfortunately, how
             | some welfare programs work. This results in benefits
             | "cliffs" where you can lose thousands of dollars of welfare
             | for earning a single additional dollar. If those welfare
             | payments are how you keep a roof over your head, it's
             | pretty easy to get trapped right below the ceiling.
             | 
             | That said, you are unlikely to be eligible for these
             | benefits at all if you are a full-time warehouse employee.
             | They are aimed mostly at those in genuine poverty.
        
             | mint2 wrote:
             | That. Is. Not. How. Tax. Brackets. Work.
             | 
             | The. Higher. Rate. Only. Applies. To. The. Income. Amount.
             | Extra. Above. The. Prior. Tax. Rate. Bracket.
             | 
             | Yes the emphasis style here is annoying but it's such a
             | widespread and damaging misconception
        
             | rmah wrote:
             | This never happens in the USA because this is not how tax
             | brackets work. When you hit the next tax bracket, you only
             | pay the higher rate on the income _over_ the bracket
             | threshold. Any income under it pays the lower bracket(s)
             | rates.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | I absolutely abhor modern day versions of unions. They have not
         | done enough to separate themselves in my eyes from the
         | misguided activities that brought them their current negative
         | reputations.
         | 
         | However, I absolutely understand the need, and feel sorry for
         | those stuck in a sitation where union type help is needed. If
         | there was a way to wipe out existing unions and start fresh
         | where nobody from leadership of exisiting unions were allowed
         | to have influence, then maybe just maybe I would start leaning
         | towards unions. But at the current implementation, it's a nope
         | from me.
        
           | boublepop wrote:
           | The more I read about Unions in America the more I am
           | befuddled. Don't you have membership elections for the
           | leadership? How do you even decide who the leadership is
           | then?
           | 
           | If you do have elections, then your comment is akin to a
           | republican proclaiming that democracy doesn't work, but would
           | work in principle but only of the current leadership was
           | replace with Donal Trump.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | >Don't you have membership elections for the leadership?
             | 
             | So does Iran, Russia, etc. Do you feel like those elections
             | are free and fair? I don't feel like union leadership votes
             | are. Again, there's a lot of baggage associated with
             | current unions. New unions are needed, not new leadership
             | of existing unions.
        
         | JarlUlvi wrote:
         | If a union pushes improved working conditions, and the
         | reduction of hours, this could have a substantially negative
         | pay impact on the Amazon workers there.
         | 
         | Given overtime laws, and the premium pay for overtime (1.5), a
         | valid concern may be unionization will eliminate the lucrative
         | overtime that is highly rewarding to peak performers willing to
         | put in long hours.
        
         | bpodgursky wrote:
         | Other than dues and having control over pay grades (maybe
         | workers think they can do better than union-negotiated flat pay
         | scales), unions can vote to strike and force you out of a job.
         | 
         | And at the end of the day, the workers just weren't
         | particularly unhappy, and those weren't palatable risks.
        
         | utahcon wrote:
         | Unions will only work in a few scenarios. The biggest of which
         | is that the people with the skill need to be 100% together in
         | starting the union, and willing to not work when the union says
         | to not work. The facts remain that most of these employees most
         | likely can't afford to not work. They can't afford to be
         | without the stability of their employers paycheck.
         | Additionally, there are hundreds (if not thousands) of people
         | willing to replace these workers. Sadly they don't require any
         | trade skill to pick/pull/pack. So there is no barrier for new
         | recruits to be hired and replace the missing union workers.
         | 
         | Advantage: Amazon
        
         | linuxbo wrote:
         | I personally enjoyed the flexibility of the "at-will" job.
         | 
         | I grabbed a position at a Minnesota warehouse as a post-college
         | graduate with no fulltime job. Kinda just wandered in off some
         | job posting online and they just brought me on.
         | 
         | Feels like people just don't want to mess with a good thing
         | tho? A lot of my friends came from super different walks of
         | life, but almost all unanimously enjoyed coming in for shifts
         | and shooting the shit with their friends. Might just be a
         | perception that change means that things will get worse and no
         | one wants that.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > why you would vote against your own collective interest
         | 
         | Maybe they are not sufficiently confident that the union will
         | act in their interest?
         | 
         | Is that so crazy an idea?
         | 
         | If you're in favour of unions then I guess you're in favour of
         | workers being able to have a say in how they work. And if they
         | don't want to work with a union then I can't understand how you
         | can rationally do anything but say 'ok thank you for saying, if
         | that's what you want no problem we'll do it that way'.
        
           | stefan_ wrote:
           | You are saying in expressing the right to have a say in how
           | they work, they chose to vote to not have a say in how they
           | work?
           | 
           | It's a pretty simple calculus. When the company spends twice
           | the yearly payroll of the entire place on preventing the
           | lowest of low workers on the totem pole from forming a union,
           | maybe _the company_ isn 't acting in their best interests.
        
             | lovecg wrote:
             | Equating a specific approach with _the_ solution to the
             | problem is the oldest trick in the book. You're implicitly
             | assuming that this specific proposal to form a union is
             | equivalent to "having a say in how they work". That's
             | definitely what people proposing the union would have
             | everyone believe, but it's not necessarily the reality.
             | There are many other outcomes possible, and on the balance
             | the people disagreed with that framing.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | They said that they did not want to be represented _by
             | these specific people_ with _this specific deal_. Maybe
             | they 'd be happy to be represented by someone else as part
             | of some other arrangement? I don't know, and neither do
             | you.
             | 
             | But if that's what they say when asked what else should we
             | do except honour that?
             | 
             | If you think it's absolutely inconceivable they could
             | legitimately vote against it at all... I mean then why have
             | a vote at all? Might as well unionise them by force against
             | their will and impose the union leaders as unelected and
             | unwelcome representatives? That'll empower 'em, right?
        
         | syshum wrote:
         | I absolutely do not understand why someone would vote to be
         | collectively represented instead of being able to act as as
         | individual in your own best interest
         | 
         | You claim not voting for the union is against your own interest
         | but that assumes that the union will 100% of the time be
         | looking out for your own individual best interest, this is
         | simply false
         | 
         | The union has supplanted individual choice for collective
         | voting, and if your interests align with 50.1% of your fellow
         | co workers than great but if your needs to not align with the
         | majority of your co-workers then the union will screw you to
         | serve the collective, and that is the best case.
        
           | Loughla wrote:
           | >You claim not voting for the union is against your own
           | interest but that assumes that the union will 100% of the
           | time be looking out for your own individual best interest
           | 
           | No, and that is a pretty far stretch from what I said. Please
           | re-read "your own collective interest". It's easy to win an
           | argument when you misrepresent what is said. Collective
           | interest implies that it is the greatest good for the
           | majority of people. Not the most good for you every time.
           | 
           | Question for you:
           | 
           | >I absolutely do not understand why someone would vote to be
           | collectively represented instead of being able to act as as
           | individual in your own best interest
           | 
           | Do you really not see how it may be easier to negotiate as a
           | group, rather than as an individual? In high-skill, high-
           | demand jobs, yes, it is probably much easier to negotiate for
           | individual benefits, because you have the power as the
           | worker. But in low-skill, or high-supply jobs, the employers
           | have all the power. I don't understand what you're saying.
        
             | syshum wrote:
             | While low skill / high supply jobs can be more challenging
             | in some cases to negotiate, I know many many employers that
             | are having problems finding people even for the most entry
             | level jobs.
             | 
             | Further good employees, even in low skill jobs, are very
             | hard to find and even harder to retain. employers want to
             | keep them, unionization often limits their ability to
             | retain these high performing employees because they are not
             | allowed to give bonus, raise or any other incentive beyond
             | what is laid out by collective bargaining.
             | 
             | So I really do not see how it is easier to negotiate as a
             | group. my personal experiences matches what have have
             | observed in employment rations through out my career from
             | when I was in a entry level position to now where I am in a
             | higher skilled position
        
         | js8 wrote:
         | I wonder if it helped democracy if voters would be able to add
         | "justification" to their vote. Then there would be less room
         | for speculation about the reasons.
        
           | mmcdermott wrote:
           | The data would be nice, but it seems like this would have a
           | chilling effect on the vote itself. The extra context of a
           | justification would make it easier to tie votes to groups or
           | even individuals. I'm not sure why, but polls as a separate,
           | voluntary activity seem like a safer way to do it.
        
         | bko wrote:
         | Assuming you're not an Amazon warehouse employee, but they have
         | more skin in the game than you. So presumably their opinion is
         | more informed and reasoned.
         | 
         | I don't think its as clear cut as "in your interest". I
         | certainly wouldn't vote to unionize my profession and I would
         | even go as far as avoiding unionized fields. I prefer to have a
         | direct relationship with my employer. I stay away from
         | organizations that have a table that will tell you how much
         | you'll make after N years. It's just not a dynamic place to
         | work. Or at least that's my impression when dealing with
         | unionized groups in large banks.
        
           | Ericson2314 wrote:
           | Nobody in Alabama is going to have this "direct relationship"
           | with the powers that be in Seattle either way. What a joke.
        
           | greenie_beans wrote:
           | Your union needs seem much different than the typical
           | warehouse or factory worker. Especially if you're on HN --
           | I'm sure most everybody on this website would benefit more
           | from "a direct relationship with my employer". A random
           | overworked Amazon warehouse worker doesn't have that sort of
           | managerial access or a skill to leverage for negotiating.
        
             | bko wrote:
             | I don't think this is necessarily true. Turnover among low
             | paid staff is extremely high. For instance, take McDonalds
             | workers:
             | 
             | McDonald's Mr. Floersch the managerial turnover was at 20%
             | globally while that of the crew members averaged between 80
             | percent and 90 percent. [0]
             | 
             | That high turnover means that low paid employees are much
             | faster to leave. Some don't even show up to their first day
             | of work. It's also selection bias sure. But if you talk to
             | anyone who manages low paid employees, the primary skill
             | set they have is interpersonal relationships with their
             | staff, or at least the good ones. The fixed costs are very
             | high to hire someone, regardless of salary. You have to pay
             | a recruiter or even spend time looking through resumes,
             | running expensive background checks, interviewing etc.
             | 
             | Now consider the Goldman Sachs investment banking analyst.
             | They get paid extremely well and get treated like crap. Do
             | they have a "direct relationship with their employer"?
             | Hardly.
             | 
             | If you're making $10 an hour its a lot easier to find
             | another employer paying you a similar amount than it is if
             | you're making $200k a year.
             | 
             | [0] https://ukdiss.com/examples/high-employee-turnover-at-
             | mcdona...
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Not only this (which is super accurate in my limited
               | experience with these types of jobs in HS/college), but
               | that high turnover even among managerial staff means that
               | really to advance at least a few levels in the
               | organization, all it takes is 1) sticking around; 2) not
               | being bad at your job (not even _being really good_ just
               | be decent).
               | 
               | Hell, I used to be a dishwasher then line cook at a
               | Friendly's (east coast family restaurant, primary
               | PA/NJ/NY/CT/MA) for two years and by the time I left for
               | college I was the most senior person there who didn't
               | have a key to open the building. And two of the three
               | cooks who had keys were still in school, one HS and one
               | college.
               | 
               | Managing a restaurant is super demanding work but it's
               | not that far off from median salary. It's not as much of
               | a dead end as people think it is, especially if you start
               | at the bottom and work up.
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | > I stay away from organizations that have a table that will
           | tell you how much you'll make after N years.
           | 
           | I don't think that's necessarily a characteristic of a union
           | shop and if it is, those are probably minimums.
           | 
           | For example, professional baseball players and are unionized
           | yet individuals can still negotiate salary.
        
             | bko wrote:
             | That's true, but unionized spots have such a strong
             | individualistic component to the work. However, in
             | industries such as warehouse workers, the employee ability
             | is a lot more uniform, so I doubt there would be provisions
             | for superstars to negotiate salaries.
             | 
             | It would more likely be something akin to a teacher union,
             | with teaching being in between performance athletes and
             | uniform workers. And even there I don't think individual
             | teachers have much power to negotiate salary, but I could
             | be wrong.
        
             | freewilly1040 wrote:
             | Why do you think the vagueness is in your favor? Especially
             | for a warehouse worker, the job is doing rote tasks
             | forever. Why wouldn't they be able to project your salary
             | into the future?
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | I think for a warehouse worker or any other job where
               | people are basically fungible, unionizing is a no-
               | brainer. Individuals have no leverage.
               | 
               | Unionizing can make sense for other types of jobs as
               | well. The person I responded to mentioned their
               | preference for having a direct relationship with an
               | employer. To me, that means other types of places than
               | warehouses because I doubt very much that many warehouse
               | workers have a relationship with anybody above their
               | direct supervisor.
        
               | freewilly1040 wrote:
               | (oops, my comment was directed at the parent of the one I
               | actually commented on)
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | Surely you're not suggesting that professional atheletes'
             | unions are in any way comparable to a union representing
             | warehouse employees.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | I'm suggesting that if you are a valuable enough employee
               | where you have a direct relationship with your employer
               | (as the person I responded to said), you may still
               | benefit from having a union like baseball players or
               | screen writers. The wage table for those professions
               | establishes a floor.
               | 
               | A warehouse employee is not likely to have any kind of
               | relationship with anybody above their supervisor. They
               | can only bargain collectively.
        
         | bioinformatics wrote:
         | I agree with you. Elections everywhere are full of people
         | voting wrong, against their self-interests and against
         | everything I hold dear in life. I am Abel to vote in two
         | countries and I can see this every year.
        
         | RhysU wrote:
         | If you are excellent at your job and can get a different one,
         | why would you unionize?
         | 
         | The union takes money out of your pocket, reduces your ability
         | to get paid for performance, and slows the firm's ability to
         | innovate.
         | 
         | If the firm mistreats you, you can leave.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ransom1538 wrote:
         | "I absolutely do not understand why you would vote against your
         | own collective interest"
         | 
         | Union execs become a bunch of corrupt fat cats. They are
         | terrible [1][2][3]. The union execs will go on fancy dinners
         | with amazon execs and decide how to "make a deal". You pay dues
         | to a bunch of fat cats (out of your horrible salary), THEN,
         | good luck getting any kind of promotion without fat cat
         | approval. Promotions will quickly be based on seniority.
         | Production will soon slow then the company will decide to shut
         | down these unproductive plants. Read about "flint michigan" to
         | learn how awesome unions are in the US.
         | 
         | https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/promi...
         | 
         | https://lrionline.com/mafiaunion-ties-still-strong/
         | 
         | https://www.justice.gov/criminal-ocgs/infiltrated-labor-unio...
        
         | wnevets wrote:
         | > I absolutely do not understand why you would vote against
         | your own collective interest
         | 
         | Americans have been doing exactly that for decades.
        
         | conanbatt wrote:
         | The kind of people that would like to be in unions is not the
         | same kind of people that would not like to be in unions.
        
         | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
         | I like to think this is due to the bad reputation unions have.
         | 
         | Digging a two mile tunnel eats half of the state budget? Police
         | refuses to wear body cams? Schools are slow to reopen after
         | covid? Rightly or not, in many people's minds unions are to
         | blame.
        
           | Someone1234 wrote:
           | > Schools are slow to reopen after covid?
           | 
           | Are you talking hypotheticals? Because that hasn't happened,
           | and couldn't have happened since COVID isn't "over" anywhere
           | in the US.
        
             | dawnerd wrote:
             | If anything they've reopened too fast. News this morning
             | that Michigan is closing them back down. Almost like
             | there's still a pandemic.
        
             | mariksolo wrote:
             | It's happened more at the elementary school level.
        
           | trackmenot wrote:
           | > Digging a two mile tunnel eats half of the state
           | budget?Police refuses to wear body cams? Schools are slow to
           | reopen after covid? Rightly or not, in many people's minds
           | unions are to blame.
           | 
           | If you were a contractor to a state and you scored a contract
           | worth half the state's budget, would you consider that a
           | success or a failure?
           | 
           | You would consider it a success! The examples you give show
           | exactly how unions work in the self-interest of their
           | members. If the tunnel costs half the state's budget, the
           | tunnel workers are surely well-paid, police officers rather
           | not wear body cams so that they can whack people with their
           | batons without being prosecuted, and teachers rather not
           | return to schools as long as the epidemic is ongoing.
        
           | lr4444lr wrote:
           | I agree, but there are other dimensions to public sector
           | unions that makes them worth keeping around: deterrence of
           | the spoils system in politics, and the legal monopsony the
           | state has on the labor and monopoly on credentialing in many
           | cases.
        
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