[HN Gopher] Final Project: Vector Laser Projector (2019)
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       Final Project: Vector Laser Projector (2019)
        
       Author : codezero
       Score  : 42 points
       Date   : 2021-04-08 17:34 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (people.ece.cornell.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (people.ece.cornell.edu)
        
       | dreamcompiler wrote:
       | This is an impressive project, but it uses an FPGA which is
       | completely unnecessary. With modern processors there's no reason
       | you can't do all the requisite computations in software, provided
       | you use realtime programming techniques. I know this because I
       | built a laser vector projector in the 80s driven by 8-bit
       | processors of that era. It didn't use SVG as input; that
       | definitely needs more cycles, but with a modern processor it
       | should be easy. Galvo motors are S-L-O-W compared to CPUs.
        
         | codezero wrote:
         | In fairness, the course was a course in FPGAs, so it was part
         | of the requirement, but I take your point. I happened to find
         | the project when looking for some FPGA resources and thought it
         | was pretty awesome :)
        
       | ChuckMcM wrote:
       | This is a fun project! I think they might to work a bit on their
       | linearity :-).
       | 
       | Some laser pointer sources allow for gate control (turning them
       | on and off with a logic signal) which might help.
       | 
       | Steve Ciarcia had a project[1] in BYTE for doing a vector display
       | on an oscilloscope which ported well to lasers.
       | 
       | [1] https://archive.org/details/byte-
       | magazine-1976-11/page/n79/m...
        
         | codezero wrote:
         | When I got to the point about powering the laser I was (only a
         | little) hoping they would use a mechanical shutter of some
         | sort, I bet that would work fine enough as long as it doesn't
         | cycle on and off _toooo fast_.
        
       | portillo wrote:
       | Reminds me of OpenLASE: - https://github.com/marcan/openlase -
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoWCNKhZCbk
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Of course the drive circuit is overheating. An LF353 op-amp is
       | not a power device. Continuous total power dissipation for that
       | thing is 500 mW. Needs an output power transistor with more
       | current handling capacity.
       | 
       | Since there's already an op-amp with feedback, that op-amp can be
       | used to take the feedback signal from after the power transistor,
       | so you'll still have closed-loop following and the output voltage
       | will track the input properly. One power transistor in a TO-220
       | case (about US$0.59 each) per channel should give you about 10 or
       | more watts, rather than 500mW. That ought to be enough.
       | 
       | The Art of Electronics is good for designing things like this.
       | And LTSpice helps.
        
         | codezero wrote:
         | In my physics degree we took an electronics course based off
         | that book and I still crack it open for reference once in a
         | while.
        
       | neetdeth wrote:
       | Regarding the distortion observed in the output, I believe this
       | is due to the inherent physical properties of the galvo system,
       | specifically that the actuators have momentum. A more
       | sophisticated controller would either slow down the beam when
       | entering a corner, or deliberately overshoot and add connecting
       | moves where the beam is turned off.
       | 
       | There's also evidence of some ringing in the output, which might
       | indicate an underdamped PID controller in the servo itself.
        
       | news_to_me wrote:
       | This is awesome! I knew something like galvo motors must exist
       | but I never looked deeply into it. I'm going to have to use
       | something like this to build a better automatic cat laser.
        
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       (page generated 2021-04-08 23:01 UTC)