[HN Gopher] The political case for a blanket cryptocurrency ban
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       The political case for a blanket cryptocurrency ban
        
       Author : louwrentius
       Score  : 224 points
       Date   : 2021-03-31 16:10 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.stephendiehl.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.stephendiehl.com)
        
       | herve76 wrote:
       | Dont poke the bear or...
        
       | thebean11 wrote:
       | Even if you take the most cynical approach towards crypto,
       | banning crypto is simply not the governments job.
       | 
       | At best, this is equivalent to banning beanie babies (no real
       | negative affects for society, but stupid and a big overreach).
       | 
       | At worst, it's equivalent to banning the internet (sets the
       | country behind decades as the rest of the world adopts the new
       | technology and profits from it).
        
         | mmastrac wrote:
         | The government[0] has regulatory authority over environmental
         | issues, so why wouldn't this be the government's job?
         | 
         | [0] ie: all of them
        
           | thebean11 wrote:
           | Banning crypto is a gigantic overreach when the government
           | won't even try the obvious solutions like carbon taxes (which
           | would indirectly discourage crypto mining).
        
             | paulgb wrote:
             | Most crypto (I believe currently approx. 90%) is mined
             | outside of the US. Miners have already been moving from
             | China to Iran[1], in part to avoid environmental
             | regulations. As long as there exist jurisdictions that are
             | not party to a carbon tax, crypto mining is highly
             | incentivized to move there. Putting aside the issue of
             | overreach, if the US wanted to reduce carbon, blocking
             | inflows to crypto exchanges would be more impactful than
             | taxing domestic mining.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/inner-mongolia-to-shut-
             | down-...
        
             | alkonaut wrote:
             | The problem with carbon taxes is it affects jobs that can't
             | easily use less electricity and still produces a lot of
             | jobs/value. The paper and steel industry wouldn't like
             | carbon taxes high enough to affect Bitcoin. Bitcoin power
             | use is also very easy to move internationally.
        
             | BitwiseFool wrote:
             | I see the situation in the exact opposite way. Passing a
             | Carbon Tax, while sensible, would run in major opposition
             | because it would basically effect every citizen. But
             | banning cryptocurrency would be much easier since the
             | majority of the population doesn't own any and it can be
             | framed in very positive terms.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | > But banning cryptocurrency would be much easier since
               | the majority of the population doesn't own any and it can
               | be framed in very positive terms.
               | 
               | Sounds unrealistic. Remember the war on drugs?
        
               | BitwiseFool wrote:
               | In my personal experience most people think of
               | cryptocurrencies as a Ponzi scheme, some kind of money
               | laundering operation, a tremendous waste of energy, or
               | some combination of those three. In light of that, I
               | think a cryptocurrency ban would be easy for politicians
               | to sell to the public using those terms.
               | 
               | How effective the ban would be is another question, but I
               | am mainly talking about how I think the politicians would
               | justify the ban.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | Oh, I didn't realize you only meant how easy it would be
               | to _pass_ the ban. Of course it would be easy to pass a
               | federal ban in the United States, where it 's easy to
               | pass many things even when they're extremely unpopular.
               | Marijuana is still banned federally despite well over two
               | thirds of the country opposing the ban!
        
               | webinvest wrote:
               | > But banning cryptocurrency would be much easier since
               | the majority of the population doesn't own any and it can
               | be framed in very positive terms.
               | 
               | How exactly do you ban or confiscate bitcoin? New bitcoin
               | wallets are created without touching the internet access.
               | Internet access is only needed when sending bitcoin but
               | not when receiving bitcoin. By the time someone sends it,
               | it's too late, you can't confiscate it because they don't
               | have it anymore. If the government bans or starts
               | monitoring the bitcoin network for activity, people can
               | still send slips of paper through the mail with the
               | private and public key to one of their wallet.
               | 
               | Combine that with a brain wallet and you can literally
               | store bitcoin in your brain. Try doing that with gold.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | webinvest wrote:
               | > But banning cryptocurrency would be much easier since
               | the majority of the population doesn't own any and it can
               | be framed in very positive terms.
               | 
               | How exactly do you ban or confiscate bitcoin? New bitcoin
               | wallets are created without even touching the internet!
               | It can be done from the middle of the Mojave desert
               | without any proof of it ever happening or existing.
               | Internet access is needed when sending bitcoin but not
               | when receiving bitcoin. By the time someone sends it,
               | it's too late, you can't confiscate it because they don't
               | have it anymore. If the government bans or too heavily
               | monitors the bitcoin network for activity, people can
               | still send slips of paper through the mail with the
               | private and public key to one of their wallets and trade
               | around pieces of paper instead.
               | 
               | Combine that with a brain wallet and you can literally
               | store bitcoin in your brain and pass through borders
               | carrying nothing on hand. Try doing any of that with
               | gold, Euros, Dollars, or Chinese Yuan.
               | 
               | The only thing stopping bitcoin is exponentially higher
               | transaction costs but paradoxically higher transaction
               | costs make small bitcoin holders effectively illiquid.
               | This reduction in supply further drives up the price
               | infinitely until most bitcoin is rendered illiquid or
               | until people think slow cryptocurrencies with high
               | transaction fees are stupid.
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | Usually across-the-board regulation is seen as upholding
               | the free market more than regulation that targets
               | specific individuals or industries.
        
           | spaced-out wrote:
           | If the government is able to ban crypto currency because it's
           | unnecessary and uses too much energy, couldn't they apply
           | that logic to nearly any other modern luxury?
        
             | alkonaut wrote:
             | I pay 66% taxes on fuel. My car has a $15k tax when sold
             | and $1.5k/yearly tax. In Denmark it would have been much
             | _much_ worse than this (probably north of $30k fees when
             | new).
             | 
             | You don't ban things you can tax with good results. Banning
             | is for things you can't tax. It's a clumsy instrument.
        
             | flaque wrote:
             | They do! Gas taxes, bans of gas vehicles, required emission
             | standards, etc.
        
               | adhoc32 wrote:
               | Miners pay for the electricity they consume which
               | includes environmental taxes. Why ban them?
        
               | viklove wrote:
               | I think the real solution here is banning coal, natural
               | gas, etc., not the downstream users of it. If I want to
               | mine BTC with 100% nuclear/wind/solar energy, then the
               | problem is solved right?
        
               | ledauphin wrote:
               | technically, any process with negative externalities
               | should not necessarily be free of societal (i.e.
               | governmental) limits. All of the "renewable" sources of
               | energy you've mentioned here have some form of negative
               | externality.
               | 
               | of course, in my non-expert opinion, it would be
               | preferable for the government to focus directly on the
               | negative externalities rather than second or third order
               | causes thereof.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | The government has regulatory authority over monetary policy
         | and currency, so why wouldn't this be the government's job? You
         | might take issue with their decision, but the authority is
         | there.
         | 
         | https://www.occ.treas.gov/
         | 
         | https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/31/5103
         | 
         | https://www.federalreserve.gov/aboutthefed/fract.htm
        
           | nwienert wrote:
           | Many seem to argue the coins aren't currency but securities,
           | including SEC.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | The SEC uses the Howey Test to determine whether a coin is
             | classified as a security or not.
             | 
             | https://www.leewayhertz.com/howey-test/
        
           | thebean11 wrote:
           | I think there's a bit more nuance to this than a binary
           | "does" or "does not" have authority. I'm not claiming it's
           | unconstitutional to ban crypto, or that they literally don't
           | have the authority.
           | 
           | I'm claiming it's a bad, authoritarian move that isn't in the
           | interest of their constituents, and is not in the spirit of
           | US laws.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | You're free to your opinion, but I see little benefit in a
             | technology for your average constituent that is more
             | expensive than instant payments to move funds, has a highly
             | volatile value (which is an anti pattern of a currency),
             | and provides little to no recourse in the event there is
             | fraud or theft (again, an anti-pattern crypto proponents
             | champion as some sort of feature). One person's
             | authoritarianism is another's properly functioning
             | regulatory environment. If crypto is instead treated as a
             | commodity (Bitcoin), than that and similar crypto tech can
             | be regulated as a commodity by government (which the CFTC
             | and IRS does today).
             | 
             | The US government has the authority to regulate crypto's
             | use as a currency and absolutely should exert that
             | regulatory power.
        
               | thebean11 wrote:
               | > I see little benefit in a technology
               | 
               | I disagree that this should ever be a cause for banning
               | something. It's not the government's job to pick and
               | choose which technologies or products will be successful
               | or useful.
        
           | ur-whale wrote:
           | The federal reserve is not the government.
           | 
           | As they will tell you a every opportunity they get, they're
           | an "independent" agency.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | They're chartered by Congress and operate under US statute.
             | They are a GSE for all intents and purposes (although I
             | agree they attempt to keep monetary policy at arms length
             | from politicians for obvious reasons), and they're on the
             | record that they won't deploy a digital currency without
             | specific legislation permitting it [1].
             | 
             | [1] https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/22/business/jerome-
             | powell-sa...
        
         | einpoklum wrote:
         | Without arguing for or against such a ban - it is literally in
         | the purview of governments. Control and regulation of financial
         | mechanisms is a key part of state sovereignty. So, such a ban
         | would is much more "the government's job" than banning a
         | product like beanie babies.
         | 
         | It's also not the equivalent of banning the Internet; perhaps -
         | similar to banning gambling through the Internet. In the sense
         | that it may be impossible to properly enforce, but can
         | certainly happen and in some world states:
         | 
         | https://www.nodeposit365.com/features/countries-that-have-ba...
         | 
         | Again, none of this is to say cyptocurrencies should or
         | shouldn't be banned; or even that governments should or
         | shouldn't ban things at all, or exist at all etc.
        
           | smeej wrote:
           | You're right that the political case is easy to make.
           | Governments do already claim the authority to control and
           | regulate these things.
           | 
           | The interesting question about Bitcoin is whether it could
           | ever be robust enough that they _couldn 't_ successfully
           | regulate or control it, even if they very much wanted to and
           | most people agreed it would be appropriate for them to do so.
        
       | subsubzero wrote:
       | Here's a revolutionary idea, if you don't like a particular asset
       | don't buy it. if you think its a terrible idea etc. don't use
       | your money to own it. How other people choose to utilize their
       | assets is their own business.
        
       | nbardy wrote:
       | Anyone who dismisses crypto as useless hasn't used the software.
       | 
       | Here's some use cases I've used in the last month:
       | 
       | I secured an instant loan based off collateral with faxing or
       | calling my bank. Doing this at schwabb took weeks.
       | 
       | Another one, "thegraph" a distributed super computer to make
       | public blockchain data indexed and queryable.
       | 
       | Another, Bitclout, a social network build on the blockchain.
       | 
       | Now the data of my social network is trustless distributed,
       | verified and forkable.
       | 
       | I can build a business on top of it and I don't have to worry
       | about getting the firehouse shut down like I did with Twitter.
       | 
       | Bitcoin was horse that drove the consensus making technical
       | progress of distributed computing. The coins are less interesting
       | than the distributed computing revolution.
        
       | chriselles wrote:
       | Isn't cryptocurrency fundamentally about real or perceived lack
       | of equity and trust?
       | 
       | Isn't the real aspirational promise of cryptocurrency really just
       | a container that will retain the purchasing power of your savings
       | with low friction?
        
       | burnished wrote:
       | Its not clear to me why it is fundamentally more acceptable for
       | Wall street to speculate on "crazier things every day before
       | lunch". The money hedge funds are making isn't coming out of
       | nowhere, its not like the games they play are net positive. Their
       | big pay outs are still coming out of the pockets of regular
       | people. It seems like the difference with Bitcoin is that an
       | individual gets to choose whether they want to participate or
       | not.
        
       | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
       | Let's go the other way and ban fiat. Money printing is a much
       | greater threat to world security.
       | 
       | Print way too much money, run out of resources and room to pump,
       | crash to rock bottom, start a war, then start over again is the
       | historic cycle we are stuck on until we fix this.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debasement
       | 
       | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M1SL
        
         | argvargc wrote:
         | Cryptocurrency presently is also the only usable alternative to
         | fiat. And it _is_ World Backup Day.
        
         | tome wrote:
         | I don't see anything in the reference that you provide that
         | elaborates on "start a war". Perhaps you could provide the
         | elaboration?
        
           | oleganza wrote:
           | Wars are inherently destructive and can only be funded for
           | prolonged periods of time with mountains of debt. Especially
           | if you can extract taxes backing this debt relatively
           | painlessly. Extracting Bitcoin from individual wallets is no
           | small feat, and Bitcoin-backed (fractionally, of course)
           | notes would not have the same advantage as paper bills over
           | gold coins. Bitcoin is divisible, storable and transferrable
           | well enough to be used as-is.
        
             | tome wrote:
             | None of this explains why fiat currency leads to starting a
             | war.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | Fiat currency allows the government to make its citizens
               | pay for its usurious debts, by printing more money. This
               | is not possible with gold or bitcoin.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | I'm still not seeing an argument that fiat currency leads
               | to war ...
        
       | xwowsersx wrote:
       | If gambling is bad then state governments shouldn't be able to
       | run lottos. We either leave people to engage in what we might
       | consider a vice or prohibit it. If we prohibit, the government
       | shouldn't be able to have a monopoly on what is, arguably, an
       | even more "gambly" gamble.
        
       | sb057 wrote:
       | >The most expedient actions would be fourfold:
       | 
       | >Halt foreign entities trading in dollar cash-equivalent crypto
       | assets.
       | 
       | >Add Chinese and other foreign cryptocurrency exchanges hiding in
       | tax-havens to sanctioned entities lists.
       | 
       | Lunacy! The author is effectively arguing for American global
       | economic dominion! These are the exact steps you would want to
       | take to ensure international isolation.
        
       | sakopov wrote:
       | I find it funny that we only talk about blanket bans and
       | increased regulation when the poor start accumulating wealth. We
       | saw this when GME was going through the roof and Lee Cooperman
       | went live on CNN to bash retail investors. Similarly, when
       | bitcoin starts trending up we have Ray Dalio talking about future
       | crypto ban. Hedge funds really don't like this I take it. But I
       | digress, a crypto ban would be disruptive to a very innovative
       | tech (crypto speculation aside) in finance. However, regulation
       | and taxation is likely a better approach not only for world
       | governments, but also for taking projects like Bitcoin to a more
       | sustainable and environmentally-friendly realm of operation.
        
       | fcanesin wrote:
       | What a idiotic essay, the same arguments could be made for the
       | ban of most precious metal mining since majority of it goes to
       | storage deposits.
       | 
       | Cryptocurrencies actually bring several benefits and better
       | solutions for the problem of trust in a store-of-value or
       | exchange contract. The world needs Bitcoin now more than ever, we
       | are already living in a multilateral world where US and China
       | exert pressure to force international contracts to be denominated
       | in USD abs RMB.
       | 
       | That is an awful deal when both countries can print unlimited
       | amounts and distribute to their preferences like happened during
       | this pandemic, specially in the US.
        
         | louwrentius wrote:
         | Governments print money to keep society from collapsing.
         | 
         | What you rail against is a feature not a bug. So many
         | cryptocoin advocates don't seem to understand how societies
         | work.
         | 
         | The world can do without BTC just fine. Now more than ever. It
         | doesn't actually solve a problem we face.
         | 
         | Only those who have Bitcoin seem so adamant about it. No
         | coincidence right? Because we know it needs more 'suckers' to
         | buy into the ponzi because no value is ever created.
        
       | scoofy wrote:
       | >Bitcoin is the textbook speculative mania for our time.
       | 
       | This is either false or unknowable, there are plenty of reasons
       | why bitcoin speculation is happening, and it's because it has
       | been a very long time since there has been a new desirable
       | commodity.
       | 
       | >The largest elephant in the room is the environmental damage
       | done by bitcoin mining.
       | 
       | This is very true, i don't think it's the largest elephant
       | though.
       | 
       | >Cryptocurrencies disproportionately victimize vulnerable people
       | and those in marginalized communities without access to
       | traditional investments or financial advisory.
       | 
       | This is nonsense. Desperately marginalized communities have no
       | access to safe economic vehicles, which bitcoin does,
       | theoretically, provide.
       | 
       | >Cryptocurrency is, by design, the single greatest enabling
       | factor in the rise of exponential explosion in ransomware
       | extortion attacks. A network which is designed to evade
       | sanctions...
       | 
       | This i believe is the best argument for banning it. There is no
       | better tool for extortion in the world than an anonymous,
       | unrestricted asset. We should expect to see a dramatic rise in
       | kidnappings worldwide in the future as bitcoin becomes more
       | accepted.
       | 
       | The author leaves out what I believe is the main reason I've
       | stayed away from bitcoin, and it's another reason to ban it.
       | 
       | It's easy to steal.
       | 
       | It only takes one 0-day wipe you out, irreversibly, and
       | completely. My bank could get hacked, but we, as a society, can
       | just decide that I still have the assets I had before, the paper
       | stocks and coupons are in a drawer somewhere. The loan contracts
       | are in a filing cabinet (or they should be). I get my bank
       | statements every month. There's some cash and some gold in a
       | vault. A breach is, at least theoretically, reversible. That's
       | not true with bitcoin.
        
         | heywintermute wrote:
         | >It's easy to steal.
         | 
         | >It only takes one 0-day wipe you out, irreversibly, and
         | completely. My bank could get hacked, but we, as a society, can
         | just decide that I still have the assets I had before, the
         | paper stocks and coupons are in a drawer somewhere. The loan
         | contracts are in a filing cabinet (or they should be). I get my
         | bank statements every month. There's some cash and some gold in
         | a vault. A breach is, at least theoretically, reversible.
         | That's not true with bitcoin.
         | 
         | Isn't this more just an argument that cryptocurrency's are just
         | riskier because unlike tradition financial
         | institutions/investments they are unregulated and lack
         | protections such as insurance etc. Maybe I am just getting
         | caught up in semantics but a 0-day wiping out the value of
         | Bitcoin/Crypto with no vehicle in place to restore that value
         | to its owners if something were to happen just makes it
         | extremely risky/highly speculative investment not necessarily
         | easy to steal
        
           | scoofy wrote:
           | It's a simple equation.
           | 
           | n = How many 0-days are out the there that could topple the
           | systems in control of the BTC I own.
           | 
           | p = The probability that said exploit is used on me and my
           | wallet and not someone else.
           | 
           | n * p = my risk of losing everything
           | 
           | p is very small, but n is very, VERY... big
           | 
           | With tradition assets, they are backed with contracts that
           | can make potential thefts unwound or made whole in some other
           | way. With crypto, every ocean's 11-style cat-burglar in the
           | world has access to every bank in the world... and that can't
           | be unwound.
        
         | jayd16 wrote:
         | >This is either false or unknowable
         | 
         | Alright well that means it could also be true...
        
           | scoofy wrote:
           | I, obviously, bring it up because the author is making
           | statements of fact that they can't possibly know to be true.
           | This should be a reasonable criticism of the author. Don't
           | talk nonsense if you're trying to write a serious argument.
        
       | Luker88 wrote:
       | So yesterday in HN there was a link to a medium post on the same
       | thing, but limited to Proof of Work instead of the whole
       | cryptocoins. Got flagged pretty quickly, but there was a link to
       | a petition inside with links to various problems of proof of
       | work: https://www.change.org/StopBurncoins
       | 
       | IMHO the problem is not cryptocoins themselves as is suggested
       | here, but just proof of work.
       | 
       | A total ban would barely work anyway, as the system is completely
       | decentralized, and to fully ban it we would need basically all
       | countries to agree on the ban.
        
         | sitkack wrote:
         | NFTs are interesting because they are an entity in of
         | themselves, they could be the root of value. Apologies, I don't
         | have all the money words to make this sound smart.
        
       | ethagnawl wrote:
       | > The darker perspective is that cryptocurrency may be taking a
       | demographic who would otherwise have had gambling problems and
       | legitimates their addiction by wrapping it up in a veneer of
       | technical legitimacy.
       | 
       | Granted it's a small sample set, but this rings _very_ true with
       | respect to many people I "know" (acquaintances I'm connected to
       | on various social media platforms) who've jumped onto the
       | "crypto" bandwagon in recent times.
        
       | washedup wrote:
       | What a terrible article. Crypto is a new technology that will
       | likely have many uses, to advocate banning it nationally is
       | dangerous and would quickly put us behind the rest of the world.
       | 
       | There are easier ways around the "energy use dilemma": carbon
       | tax. If your energy used for mining comes from renewable
       | resources, then there is no issue.
        
         | Sanzig wrote:
         | Unless you are running completely detached from the public
         | grid, consuming renewable energy for crypto mining absolutely
         | indirectly produces CO2. You are buying renewable energy that
         | could otherwise be sold to another customer/jurisdiction where
         | it would displace fossil fuel usage.
         | 
         | This isn't an academic exercise, this is an issue that
         | renewables operators are dealing with right now. Hydro-Quebec
         | is the state-owned corporation which handles all generation,
         | transmission, and distribution in the province of Quebec. As
         | the name implies, the vast majority of Quebec's generating
         | capacity comes from large hydroelectric facilities located in
         | the north. The company sells hydropower to the northeastern
         | United States during times of day when demand is high. This is
         | a mutually beneficial arrangement: the profits from the sale of
         | hydropower in peak periods allows Hydro-Quebec to subsidize its
         | own ratepayers who enjoy the lowest electricity rates in North
         | America, and the Northeast US in turn doesn't have to build as
         | many peaking power plants which are typically gas-fired
         | facilities that produce CO2.
         | 
         | However, the low cost of electricity in Quebec has made it
         | extremely popular with crypto miners, to the point where Hydro-
         | Quebec has been forced to place miners into a 300 MW allocation
         | block [1]. Miners who didn't manage to get into the allocation
         | block are charged a rate that is more than double the normal
         | rate in order to try and disincentivize their activities.
         | 
         | If the crypto miners weren't in Quebec, this excess energy
         | would be sold to the northeastern US where it would displace
         | the capacity of some CO2-generating peaker plants. But because
         | it's being diverted to crypto mining, the energy doesn't get
         | used for that.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.hydroquebec.com/blockchain/
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | Taxing the miners is only possible with a single world
         | government. One country can't do it. I suggested earlier that
         | taxing the money coming into Bitcoin via the exchanges, similar
         | to a "stamp duty" (not "gst" as that can be claimed back)
         | collection of tax but for carbon would be the way to go. For
         | example 30% tax on purchasing real crypto from an exchange.
        
       | senthil_rajasek wrote:
       | In addition to the shortcomings mentioned in the article a major
       | problem of cryptocurrencies is the inability of local goverments
       | to issue bonds that fund critical community projects like
       | schools, safety and roads.
        
         | djschnei wrote:
         | How do crypto currencies diminish the ability of governments to
         | issue bonds?
        
       | lucasnortj wrote:
       | Cryptos are trash, ban them now
        
       | anm89 wrote:
       | This stuff really doesn't warrant a response. Simply say "good
       | luck banning it".
       | 
       | There are a large complicated set of reasons why it isn't going
       | to happen but the proof of this is that many governments have
       | many reasons theyd love to ban crypto but they don't because in
       | the end they perceive it to be either an economic or political
       | loss and can't make it happen.
       | 
       | Anyway, this isn't keeping me up at night.
        
       | thorwasdfasdf wrote:
       | >> "Bitcoin is the textbook speculative mania for our time"
       | 
       | This misses the point of bitcoin entirely. People need to
       | understand Bitcoin solves a problem: a very big problem. This
       | problem was caused by the gov and fed defaulting on it's
       | obligation to maintain a stable currency. As a result, cash can
       | no longer be used as a store of value. And by artificially
       | suppressing interest rates, the fed/gov has eliminated yet
       | another class of investement: fixed income. So with two major
       | asset classes eliminated: cash and fixed income, it doesn't leave
       | much else.
       | 
       | The only asset classes we have remaining are equities, real
       | estate and commodities. Real estate, there's no easy way to
       | invest in it in a scalable way. So, what are you going to do put
       | ALL your money in Equities? with no diversification. People
       | desperately need a store of value, they can't just work until
       | their 120 year old.
       | 
       | Bitcoin solves this problem: it's a store of value. For a lot of
       | people, bitcoin is NOT speculation, it's a long term buy and hold
       | asset that you hold for a long time. And the tax rules encourage
       | such buy and hold behavior. those that are selling the moment it
       | goes up, are going to pay dearly in capital gains taxes 30, 40,
       | 50%+ in some states.
        
         | biztos wrote:
         | Sure, people are using Bitcoin as a store of value, but I think
         | a lot of those people think it will just keep going up.
         | 
         | Which is not a super rational thing to believe about an asset
         | whose value has no relation to anything in the real world, and
         | nothing to prop it up but the people who believe the same
         | thing.
         | 
         | Bitcoin is up something like 800% for the year. It might be up
         | another 800% in six months! Or it might go down to $10000! Or
         | $1000, $100, $10 -- any of these would make exactly as much
         | sense as the ~$60K we see right now.
         | 
         | Taxes aside, that strikes me as a pretty volatile place to be
         | storing your value. Not everybody has the option of USD or CHF
         | but still... it sure does _look_ like a speculative bubble.
         | (For actual  "mania" maybe see NFT's instead.)
        
           | thorwasdfasdf wrote:
           | >> Bitcoin is up something like 800% for the year. It might
           | be up another 800% in six months! Or it might go down to
           | $10000!
           | 
           | That was the case in 2017. Not anymore, things have changed.
           | 
           | the fundamentals of bitcoin are based on what people believe
           | it will be worth and this has changed drastically in
           | mid-2020. Mid 2020 is the year WallStreet "got" bitcoin. this
           | fundamentally changed it's future path. You have all these
           | hedge fund managers and institutions that are willing to pour
           | trillions of dollars into this asset to gain some exposure.
           | And now that, that's begun it's setting off a chain reaction.
           | 
           | You've got to remember, the impetus for all this. It's not
           | that bitcoin is some ideal form of investment. The driver for
           | bitcoin and equity growth is the destruction of an existing
           | asset class: fixed income. That 100 trillion worldwide wealth
           | of fixed income has to go somewhere (not that all of it has
           | to get sold). either it will go into bitcoin or equities or
           | gold. it could go to cash but then it'll get wiped out.
        
             | endisneigh wrote:
             | Do you personally own any crypto?
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | It's also not rational to believe that a sovereign currency
           | which is backed only by government fiat cannot crash due to
           | inflationary spirals.
           | 
           | After all, if it should happen to be the case for the
           | currencies we all use right now, it would be the first time
           | that this experiment, which has been tried often enough
           | throughout history, hasn't ended in that particular way.
           | 
           | We've put all our eggs in that basket, and it's working... so
           | far!
           | 
           | I'm glad there's a hedge against that outcome though. If the
           | worst happened, and the debt balloon triggers ECB, the Fed,
           | and their Asian cousins, to initiate hyperinflationary money
           | printing, we'll all be grateful that there's an alternative
           | to going back to shipping convoys protecting boats loaded up
           | with gold and silver.
           | 
           | I don't even think the aforementioned hyperinflationary
           | spiral is inevitable, or even more likely than not. But I
           | repeat, _it is irrational_ not to consider it a real risk,
           | given history, and that outcome would lead to immeasurable
           | human suffering, which cryptocurrencies cannot prevent, but
           | can at least ameliorate.
        
         | Sanzig wrote:
         | > Real estate, there's no easy way to invest in it in a
         | scalable way.
         | 
         | Of course there is. It's called a REIT (Real Estate Investment
         | Trust). If you want even more diversification, you can buy ETFs
         | and mutual funds which hold multiple REITs in multiple market
         | segments. You don't need to physically own a property to get
         | real estate exposure...
         | 
         | > So, what are you going to do put ALL your money in Equities?
         | with no diversification. People desperately need a store of
         | value, they can't just work until their 120 year old.
         | 
         | You can buy bonds specifically indexed to inflation. In the
         | United States, these are referred to as TIPS (Treasury
         | inflation-protected securities). There are plenty of places to
         | get exposure to these on the secondary market, eg: via ETFs.
         | 
         | I find it a bit silly to claim that you're interested in a
         | store of value while holding a highly volatile asset like
         | Bitcoin. By definition, a store of value should have low
         | volatility and basically track inflation. Bitcoin has behaved
         | far more like a speculative investment: yes, it's substantially
         | trended upwards, but it's also been highly volatile. How do you
         | reconcile accepting Bitcoin but rejecting equities, which have
         | historically outpaced inflation by a significant margin?
        
           | thorwasdfasdf wrote:
           | TIPs I believe use the CPI, and so do other instruments like
           | this. The CPI undercounts inflation by almost 1 to 1.5%.
           | we've discussed this one many times: just look at bic mac
           | index, housing prices, car prices. there are many buckets in
           | the CPI and at least several of them don't fully count
           | inflation, sometimes quite brazenly too: comparing beef
           | prices to chicken prices instead of beef to beef, simply
           | because beef has gone up faster than chicken.
           | 
           | the appeal of bitcoin is there's a fixed supply as opposed to
           | fiat which can increase exponentially.
           | 
           | I never said reject equities. I want to invest in as many
           | asset classes as possible, including equities, real estate
           | and gold.
           | 
           | The macro picture for equities is looking a little less rosy
           | than it did 30 or 50 years ago. Equities are supposed to
           | follow earnings growths, which is basically just population
           | growth + productivity per capita increases plus dividends. if
           | you break the 3 of those down and compare them to the last 50
           | years, you'll quickly see, future fundamentals are less rosy:
           | - labor population growth has slowed to 0.5%, from 1.5% - per
           | capita productivity growth is at all time lows - and
           | dividends for s&p500 are now at 1.5%, down from 4.5%.
           | 
           | Whereas the fundamentals for past growth were (4.5+1.5+2=8%
           | real), the future fundamentals now show: (1.5+0.5+1.5=3.5%).
        
       | cryptica wrote:
       | >> [cryptocurrency] entices masses of dumb money investors to
       | pour their savings into what is effectively a unregulated
       | speculative momentum investment untethered to any real economic
       | activity.
       | 
       | As if that was different for the stock market or the rest of the
       | economy... The entire economy is propped up by the money printers
       | at this stage. Bitcoin and crypto are just better at getting hold
       | of that freshly printed money for obvious reasons. If the
       | government bans crypto, they will have to ban the stock market
       | too.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | bayesian_horse wrote:
       | There are some good reasons for banning cryptocurrencies.
       | "Speculative nature" certainly isn't a good reason.
        
         | tome wrote:
         | Really? The SEC bans all sorts of securities issuances for
         | exactly that reason.
        
       | csomar wrote:
       | I think this article is a very nice example of why the US is
       | superior (or at least I think is superior) to China. The
       | political system that allows someone (or some entity) uninhibited
       | power over its citizens, institutions, companies and rights; or
       | the political system where power is fragmented and people need to
       | converge toward a solution (through potential infighting in a big
       | building), need to convince other people using words (through
       | media, lobbying, NGO work, etc...), and need to accept
       | compromises with people who have wildly different ideas and
       | ideals than theirs.
       | 
       | The author positioned himself as the sole source of truth. Then,
       | as a judge, deemed _all_ cryptocurrencies and their operators as
       | an _evil_. Then, wants to use the full powers of the United
       | States (judicial, police, regulators, diplomatic) to enforce his
       | ruling.
       | 
       | It's not even clear why this author should have any authority? He
       | doesn't have any projects, ran any companies (or any mentions of
       | that) or did any significant academic work. His whole blog is a
       | crypto rage: https://www.stephendiehl.com/blog.html
        
         | ur-whale wrote:
         | > His whole blog is a crypto rage
         | 
         | Indeed, and that makes it quite hard to to pay any attention to
         | what he has to say or read to the end of the article.
        
       | vegardx wrote:
       | There's a lot of talk about building a fair system to replace the
       | current we have, and there's a lot of good arguments to why the
       | current system is corrupt and serves an elite. That said, all the
       | talk about inequality and how crypto currency solves this is real
       | rich coming from people that was already extremely privileged and
       | would benefit almost immeasurably from it.
        
       | pmurt7 wrote:
       | This guy didn't buy Bitcoin so he want government to ban it. I am
       | joking, but I am sure there is some truth to that. If we start
       | banning what is a bit shady, we will end up shutting down 80% of
       | businesses out there that make money.
        
         | tome wrote:
         | This is a strange sort of argument and seeing it so often from
         | cryptocurrency proponents makes me feel that the pro-
         | cryptocurrency are _weaker_ not stronger.
         | 
         | On the one hand, yes, I'm sad that I didn't buy $100 of bitcoin
         | ten years ago and hold until now. Who wouldn't be? But on the
         | other hand, how does this even bear resemblance to an argument?
         | 
         | > "The political case for a ban on fossil fuels"
         | 
         |  _So sad that you didn 't buy some Exxon huh?
         | 
         | > "The political case for a ban on tobacco"
         | 
         | _So sad that you didn't buy some Philip Morris huh?
         | 
         | > "The political case for a ban on energy trading"
         | 
         |  _So sad that you didn 't buy some Enron huh?_
         | 
         | "So sad that you didn't buy some bitcoin huh?" is like the
         | opposite of the sour grapes fable: "I was able to reach the
         | grapes so they must be sweet".
        
           | SwimSwimHungry wrote:
           | Objectively, it's a humble-brag, as if Bitcoin users are
           | somehow among the enlightened and, by anyone "missing out",
           | they will forever be poor.
           | 
           | Or wait... actually I was told it's not too late! Bitcoin is
           | only just getting started! If you don't buy now, you'll miss
           | out on more future gains! Right!?
           | 
           | Well, it's becoming less of a compelling argument, when to
           | even 2x your input, BTC would have to hit a mind boggling
           | $118k USD per coin as of this very post. In essence, we are
           | finding a diminishing point of returns already. You can do
           | better than that much more easily and quicker on the stock
           | market right now, by comparison.
           | 
           | It's like coiners want to play both sides of fence. They want
           | to ridicule and taunt those that they say didn't see the
           | light in 2009 or thereabouts, but at the same time, gain new
           | recruits, so they can continue to fatten their holdings all
           | the same.
        
       | GhostVII wrote:
       | Instead of regulating specific areas we think pollute more than
       | they are worth, we should just have a cap-and-trade system for
       | carbon emissions. Let people decide if it is worth it for them to
       | pay for the emissions caused by Bitcoin, or sports cars, or
       | whatever else pollutes without providing real value. What you do
       | with the share of the emissions you have purchased is none of the
       | government's business, but we should make everyone pay for their
       | negative externalities.
        
       | Dumblydorr wrote:
       | Most of the article's arguments work if you replace the word
       | "Gold" for the word cryptocurrency. Gold itself is just a yellow
       | metal, it is valuable largely for the human belief that it has
       | value, though admittedly it is somewhat pretty, a good conductor
       | of electrons, and has historical value due to its ease of work
       | and use in numerous ancient artifacts.
       | 
       | Still, as a currency or value holder, gold is simply a metal that
       | people think has value. Crypto too has value because people think
       | it has value. It is "mined" like gold, though newer coins don't
       | have this quality due to Proof of Stake, thus reducing carbon
       | emissions drastically. And if people are willing to trade paper
       | or metal for digital objects, is it anyone's place to ban that
       | trade? What about digital money for digital crypto, can we ban
       | that?
       | 
       | All currencies like pieces of paper, digital objects, metallic
       | circles, seashells, beaver pelts: They all have value because
       | humans value them.
        
         | kn0where wrote:
         | The US actually did ban possessing large amounts of gold during
         | the Great Depression, so there's legal and historical
         | precedent.
        
           | webinvest wrote:
           | But the US dollar was tied to a fixed amount of gold back
           | then. When overseas influential creditors demanded that the
           | US give them gold for their dollars like the US said it
           | would, the US complied by buying it from US citizens at a
           | fixed price 20-50% below prevailing gold market value. Once
           | all the gold was given away, the US was able to abandon the
           | gold standard. Once the gold standard was abandoned, the US
           | was able to escape from the Great Depression of the early
           | 1930s. Countries that left the gold standard sooner recovered
           | faster from the Great Depression than countries that were
           | slower to abandon the gold standard.
           | 
           | The US dollar is not backed by any amount of bitcoin so I
           | don't expect to see this happen with bitcoin.
        
         | brigandish wrote:
         | Gold definitely has value:
         | 
         | - it's rare but not too rare
         | 
         | - malleable
         | 
         | - doesn't rust or tarnish
         | 
         | - non toxic
         | 
         | - doesn't need the tech that platinum, the only other possible
         | choice that satisfies the rest of the list, would need for it
         | to become money instead
         | 
         | Useful and scarce == valuable.
         | 
         | https://www.visualcapitalist.com/why-gold-is-money-a-periodi...
        
           | runarberg wrote:
           | Also one of the best conductors found in the natural world.
        
             | nayuki wrote:
             | The metals for best electrical conductivity are silver
             | (1st), copper, gold, aluminum (4th).
        
         | kipchak wrote:
         | I think gold makes more sense if you think of wealth as useful
         | largely as a status indicator in the conspicuous consumption
         | sens or peacocking. A gold necklace displays wealth and
         | presumably status in the same way designer clothes or a luxury
         | car does.
         | 
         | Beaver pelts or cars wear down over time though unlike gold,
         | and the amount of crypto one holds is hard to display
         | ostentatiously, at least for now. BAT, Steemit or crypto.com's
         | card colors based on staking amounts seem to be ideas heading
         | in that direction though.
        
           | thebean11 wrote:
           | There is a lot more "paper" gold than physical gold in
           | jewelry or gold bars. The overwhelming of gold and gold
           | derivatives are not using it to signal their status.
        
             | kipchak wrote:
             | True, though the paper gold is valuable because someone
             | could potentially take delivery, though that valuation on
             | it's own is likely much less than it's current price if
             | 1934-1970 is anything to go by.
        
         | pushrax wrote:
         | Gold mining is also environmentally intensive, as is
         | transporting gold for trade.
         | 
         | Proof of stake is also a "mining" operation insofar as it
         | produces a limited supply at a macro-predictable rate.
        
         | Ensorceled wrote:
         | Gold has been valuable for centuries. There is no BitGold
         | network that, if it went under, would cause your gold to simply
         | evaporate. Once mined and processed, gold is incredibly stable,
         | 2000 year old gold coins can be dug up and sold as antiques.
         | 
         | All currencies have value, not because "humans" value them, but
         | because some organization of humans said "this piece of paper
         | is legal tender". They lose their value when that political
         | organization falters. What political organization is behind
         | bitcoin etc.
         | 
         | Beaver pelts stopped being useful as a "currency" when there
         | was no ready market for furs, it was never a currency, it was a
         | fungible asset.
        
           | gher-shyu3i wrote:
           | > There is no BitGold network that, if it went under, would
           | cause your gold to simply evaporate.
           | 
           | However, if a government does go down, then its currency
           | evaporates.
        
             | amoitnga wrote:
             | but gold doesn't
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > However, if a government does go down, then its currency
             | evaporates.
             | 
             | Sometimes, sometimes the successor regime accepts/redeems
             | it; I think that has been far more common when governments
             | actually failed in the modern era.
        
         | tome wrote:
         | > Most of the article's arguments work if you replace the word
         | "Gold" for the word cryptocurrency
         | 
         | I don't see it. Doesn't seem to apply to ponzi scheme, or
         | facilitating cyber attacks, or the environmental impact.
         | Perhaps you could give some explicit examples.
        
           | tachyonbeam wrote:
           | I don't like the way bitcoin mining wastes energy, but mining
           | gold certainly has an environmental impact. Most of the
           | machinery is currently powered by fossil fuels, and most of
           | the gold isn't used for useful applications AFAIK.
           | 
           | I'm glad some cryptos are moving to proof of stake, and I
           | wonder if bitcoin will be able to make that transition too,
           | or if the miners have too much to lose to let that happen?
        
             | tome wrote:
             | > mining gold certainly has an environmental impact
             | 
             | Can you quantify the environmental impact of gold mining?
             | How does it compare to the CO2 output of a medium-sized
             | country?
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Looks like 0.8 tonnes / troy oz?
               | https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-
               | insights...
               | 
               | Given 3000 tons of gold mined per year, that should be
               | roughly 70 megatons of CO2 / year.
               | 
               | [I am pleased to report that this falls squarely in my
               | previous estimate of 30-150 megatons / year that was
               | based on the cost to mine gold, the cost of fuel, and the
               | CO2 emitted by fuel.]
        
               | tome wrote:
               | - Fossil CO2 Emissions (2016) 35,753 megatons globally
               | 
               | - so gold mining is 0.2% of global CO2 emissions!?
               | 
               | - Bitcoin mining energy use is at least 78TWh annually
               | 
               | - 480-500g of carbon dioxide produced for every kWh
               | consumed
               | 
               | - So mining bitcoin produces 40 megatons of CO2 per year,
               | which is the same order of magnitude of gold mining.
               | 
               | - And mining bitcoin is 0.1% of global CO2 emissions
               | 
               | (I would be grateful if someone would check my
               | calculation)
               | 
               | References:
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/mar/10/bitcoi
               | n-r...
               | 
               | https://www.worldometers.info/co2-emissions/
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | > so gold mining is 0.2% of global CO2 emissions!?
               | 
               | Looks like iron & steel is 7.2%. Non-ferrous metals are
               | listed at 0.7%, so gold is ~1/3 of the CO2 of non-ferrous
               | metal production.
               | 
               | Paper ("and pulp") is 0.6%.
               | 
               | https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-sector
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Bringing this around to carbon taxes, a $20 / ton carbon
               | tax would raise the cost of producing gold by about $16 /
               | troy ounce, and the cost of electricity by around 1 cents
               | / kWh. Googling says it's currently about 700 kWh / BTC
               | transaction, which would create a "carbon surcharge" of
               | about $7 / transaction.
        
               | beiller wrote:
               | This here is the problem. Gold does use a lot of CO2 yes
               | (heavy equipment construction and operation), but that's
               | not even the worst thing. Mining literally is poisoning
               | water, and destroying very large ecosystems. And carbon
               | tax won't stop that. And 90% of gold is speculative (if
               | you include jewelry).
        
       | tinktank wrote:
       | > Since the entire premise of cryptocurrency is as a speculative
       | investment to redeem for Dollars or Euros,
       | 
       | True of: - Stocks - Housing - Commodities (precious or otherwise)
        
       | carlosrg wrote:
       | Is it just me or some people are starting to lose their mind over
       | Bitcoin and crypto? The visceral hate it is getting seems out of
       | place, and the arguments are getting more desperate (now we
       | should ban crypto?)
       | 
       | Don't know if that's the case with the author, but from what I've
       | been seeing in social networks and such, it looks like some
       | people have decided crypto is an alt-right thing (not true) and
       | we should "cancel" it. Ironic, because there's nothing more
       | conservative that _banning_ crypto and sticking to fiat.
        
         | frockington1 wrote:
         | Highly likely its all media and propaganda driven. After
         | passing $2 trillion in 'covid relief' and shooting for another
         | $4 trillion in 'infrastructure', work will need to be done to
         | keep consumer confidence in fiat
        
       | artifact_44 wrote:
       | We can't allow the poors to pillage the planet.. That's reserved
       | for "wallstreets crazy traders".
        
       | ggreer wrote:
       | I find it funny that the environmental arguments have come out
       | again. Major news companies were making the same argument about
       | the Internet back in the 90s.[1] Pretty much any activity has
       | some effect on the environment, so the argument tends to be used
       | when few other criticisms can stick.
       | 
       | 1. https://www.forbes.com/forbes/1999/0531/6311070a.html
        
         | jamal-kumar wrote:
         | If my computer was spewing out clouds of black smoke, I might
         | start to care
        
       | javert wrote:
       | This ignores the positive arguments for bitcoin.
       | 
       | Bitcoin is objective, hard, honest money. Many view that as a
       | very good thing, myself included.
       | 
       | Governments steal inordinate amounts of energy from the populace
       | with their money printing.
       | 
       | The Pharaohs built the pyramids using slave labor. This was a
       | monstrous, immoral waste of human energy.
       | 
       | Modern governments accomplish the same thing with money printing.
       | 
       | That is the system Stephen Diehl supports.
        
         | kibleopard wrote:
         | > Bitcoin is objective, hard, honest money
         | 
         | Yes, definitely makes sense when the main usage of it is money
         | laundering and mindless speculation
        
           | javert wrote:
           | That isn't the case, but believe what you want.
        
             | kibleopard wrote:
             | I mean, if you'd like to see some academic research backing
             | up that it is indeed the case, see here:
             | https://academic.oup.com/rfs/article-
             | abstract/32/5/1798/5427...
             | 
             | "We find that approximately one-quarter of bitcoin users
             | are involved in illegal activity. We estimate that around
             | $76 billion of illegal activity per year involve bitcoin
             | (46% of bitcoin transactions), which is close to the scale
             | of the U.S. and European markets for illegal drugs."
             | 
             | I would love if you could point me towards a current use of
             | Bitcoin that isn't as a currency for illegal goods, or as
             | an investment vehicle -- I'm genuinely curious why you
             | think what I said isn't the case.
        
               | lui8906 wrote:
               | Things have changed since your study. Chainalysis
               | released a report in February (they are a company who
               | specialise in tracking illegal transactions). The TLDR is
               | that illegal transactions make up 0.4% of BTC
               | transactions these days.
               | 
               | > https://en.cryptonomist.ch/2021/01/20/chainalysis-
               | crypto-ill...
        
               | javert wrote:
               | Thanks for sharing this.
        
               | javert wrote:
               | I do think it's currently mainly used as an investment
               | vehicle.
               | 
               | I don't think that is the same as "mindless speculation,"
               | which is what you said before.
               | 
               | Michael Saylor, who is the CEO of an S&P 600 company,
               | makes a good case for bitcoin as a store of wealth. You
               | can google him and see his arguments if you want.
               | 
               | Also, BTW, money laundering != illegal drug activity.
               | Those are two different crimes.
        
               | kibleopard wrote:
               | Will look him up - thanks!
        
       | orthecreedence wrote:
       | Jeez. I have my own issues with cryptocurrencies, but blanket
       | banning them? How do you even enforce this??
       | 
       | Also, if you're going to bring ecology into it, then instead of
       | advocating for the ban of cryptocurrencies, it makes much more
       | sense to put your energy into banning the economic system which
       | systematically incentivizes externalities (of which carbon
       | pollution is one).
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | typical nocoiner FUD
        
       | pmurt7 wrote:
       | This guy will be mad when he finds out than Ethereum 2.0 will be
       | energy efficient (no more mining).
        
       | pmurt7 wrote:
       | Here we go again, the "right-wing populism" narrative to ban
       | crypto.
        
         | christiansakai wrote:
         | AFAIK, crypto is very popular with right-wing.
        
           | pmurt7 wrote:
           | Do you think terrorist organisations use BTC ? Of course no,
           | they are fine with USD. Should we ban USD too?
        
             | tome wrote:
             | I always assumed they would use BTC for some of their
             | transactions! Why wouldn't they? You said "Of course no,
             | they are fine with USD" so do you have any evidence that
             | they don't?
        
             | pmurt7 wrote:
             | Do you really think The Islamic State use BTC to buy
             | weapons on the Dark Web?
        
               | tome wrote:
               | I guess you're replying to me. I have no idea, but that
               | seems a non sequitur. Where's your evidence that no
               | terrorist group uses BTC for any of their transactions?
        
       | fancyfredbot wrote:
       | You can't really frame a ban as a way of protecting the little
       | guy if your ban causes everyone who "invested" so far to
       | immediately lose everything. You'd almost certainly be sued and
       | end up paying compensation. Even a partial ban restricting who
       | can invest would be open to accusations of elitism and
       | politically difficult.
       | 
       | I suspect that a politician who thinks the crypto market is going
       | to crash will wait for that to happen before implementing a ban.
       | At that point you will not need to pay compensation and there
       | will be political support for it.
       | 
       | In the meantime the government's best option is probably tight
       | regulation and prosecution of any outright fraudulent operations.
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | A carbon tax/price might work assuming you could get that
         | through. Then tax a percentage on Bitcoin purchases via
         | exchanges to aloe for the carbon emissions.
        
           | fancyfredbot wrote:
           | Agree it might be workable, although Tobin taxes like this
           | haven't had a lot of support in the past. Also, enforcement
           | is likely to be a bit of a nightmare!
           | 
           | It would raise some money you could use to mitigate
           | environmental impact, but I'm not sure that a reasonable tax
           | level would actually disuade anyone from putting their money
           | in so less helpful from that point of view.
        
       | the_local_host wrote:
       | I think cryptocurrencies are idiotic, but this essay just does
       | not make a case for a blanket ban at all, nor do I think one is
       | necessary.
       | 
       | The environmental impact should be regulated, but other than
       | that, governments should just stay out of it and let the
       | cryptocurrency landscape be the wild frontier its proponents want
       | it to be. May the best obfuscated smart contract code win, until
       | no one wants to play anymore.
        
         | biztos wrote:
         | Other than the miners paying the market price for electricity,
         | how would the environmental impact be regulated?
        
       | jlos wrote:
       | >>> In social media era, everyday our adversaries are running
       | very effective military-inspired psyops campaigns to sow division
       | and polarization within the body politic.
       | 
       | Am I the only one who thinks this is a 2 way street and our
       | governments are actively doing the same to our adversaries?
        
         | frockington1 wrote:
         | They are likely doing it to their subjects as well
        
       | rybosworld wrote:
       | Seems to me that Stephen is not well informed on crypto in
       | general. This article is really only relevant to Bitcoin.
       | 
       | Take a project like Brave for instance which is disrupting the
       | online advertising model: https://brave.com/ (I am completely
       | unaffiliated, just a fan of the project)
       | 
       | Can you look at this project and tell me with a straight face it
       | is bad for the environment and should be banned by government?
       | Because that's basically what Stephen has done when he lumped
       | every crypto together.
        
         | nightski wrote:
         | I used to have a lot of respect for him, he's very intelligent
         | and a great hacker. But man he's really gone down the rabbit
         | hole basically on the edge of consipiracy theorist lately. It's
         | sad. His viewpoints are naive and he never proposes viable
         | solutions.
         | 
         | It's easy to say ban "X" when that is never going to happen. If
         | he was really interested in a solution he would acknowledge the
         | benefits that people are getting out of Bitcoin and provide
         | alternative solutions.
         | 
         | But meanwhile people will continue to complain about Bitcoin
         | while it's market cap will continue to rise and it will keep on
         | growing in usage.
         | 
         | All major banks are now planning serious efforts in the crypto
         | space with massive investments. This isn't going to go away
         | with magical thinking.
        
           | cryptica wrote:
           | >> He is CTO at Adjoint - "digitises cash and settlement
           | processes for multinational corporates."
           | 
           | How can anyone respect such person? His job is as unethical
           | as it gets. He is a monster and a woke hypocrite.
        
         | namdnay wrote:
         | The thing is, Im not sure Brave really needs a cryptocurrency.
         | It seems that a centralized DB would be enough.
        
           | rybosworld wrote:
           | Sure it might work with a database, just as you don't need a
           | blockchain to do what Visa does. But Brave is really one of
           | the best showcases for what crypto can achieve imo.
           | 
           | They've tied anonymity, opt-in advertisements, and
           | micropayments into one thing. I think it would actually be
           | more difficult to do this without a cryptocurrency.
        
           | scsilver wrote:
           | The unifiying protocol of a token(BAT) is a political
           | feature. It aligns incentives out of the box. Stakeholders
           | become shareholders, stakeholders become financially aligned.
           | The problem with this can be speculation distorting the
           | market, making it to expensive to transact, reducing or
           | eliminating its value.
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Ban? That silly. How you kill something you don't like is tax it
       | heavily. Add on the carbon tax equivalent to each bitcoin
       | transaction as well as tax the capital gains/losses. Interest
       | will deflate on it's own.
        
         | djschnei wrote:
         | You know capital gains tax already applies to all crypto
         | transactions, right?
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | Of course I do.
        
       | meiji163 wrote:
       | >Cryptocurrency is a pseudo-asset built around the dubious notion
       | of "speculation for speculation's sake"
       | 
       | No, some people think scarcity and trustlessness make it a good
       | store of value. This is not even addressed in the article.
       | 
       | > Cryptocurrencies disproportionately victimize vulnerable people
       | and those in marginalized communities without access to
       | traditional investments or financial advisory.
       | 
       | I don't see any good evidence for this, the goal of many DeFi
       | projects is to increase access.
       | 
       | Overall an unfair and needlessly inflammatory evaluation. The
       | idea that all cryptocurrency is a scam that "masses of dumb money
       | investors" buy into is overbearingly pretentious, and a non-
       | starter for legitimate criticism IMO.
        
       | jeffreyrogers wrote:
       | The political case against it is that banning cryptocurrency will
       | cause a non-negligible fraction of the population to lose a large
       | amount of money solely through government action.
        
       | kipchak wrote:
       | I think the "how" part is the most interesting question here,
       | both in terms of political justification (people who bought $100
       | of BTC on their coinbase app won't be very pleased) and practical
       | enforcement. Of authors suggested measures, I think only the
       | first would be necessary to result in a de-facto ban.
       | 
       | "Halt all wire transfers of dollars in and out of cryptocurrency
       | exchanges.
       | 
       | Halt foreign entities trading in dollar cash-equivalent crypto
       | assets.
       | 
       | Add Chinese and other foreign cryptocurrency exchanges hiding in
       | tax-havens to sanctioned entities lists.
       | 
       | Regulate the sale of any existing cryptocurrency assets to US
       | persons by classifying them as securities investment contracts
       | moving forward."
        
       | blisterpeanuts wrote:
       | From the article: "The United States is a deeply economically
       | unequal society and the proliferation of get-rich-quick schemes
       | taps into a deep weakness in the American mindset."
       | 
       | When has the United States _not_ been this way? The first
       | explorers came over here hoping to find a trove of far East
       | spices or gold, and make a killing. The Spanish did make a
       | killing on gold for quite some years, even as they destroyed
       | entire civilizations. Some American pioneers just wanted a piece
       | of land on which to raise a family and support themselves away
       | from tyranny. But many others were looking for gold or other
       | quick riches. The history of our stock exchanges has been one
       | pump-and-dump after another.
       | 
       | Diehl's other criticism, that crypto mining is environmentally
       | destructive, has some merit, but is that a reason to ban an
       | entire industry? What about people fortunate enough to be near
       | hydroelectric plants, or people with solar electric or nuclear?
       | Building extra coal-fired plants in China to power crypto
       | operations does sound bad, but even China is moving away from
       | polluting sources; they have a desperate need to clean up their
       | environment and they are working hard on nuclear and solar
       | alternatives, not to mention that they are developing cheap,
       | affordable electric vehicles.
       | 
       | Every currency system is built on trust. The U.S. dollar, which
       | is the world's reference currency, is increasingly shaky; last
       | year the Treasury created more dollars in a single year than in
       | all years previously. A lot of people are very worried that a
       | currency collapse from excessive debt and a weak economy is
       | coming in the not-too-distant future.
       | 
       | Crypto currency is an interesting and powerful new technology
       | that may actually save us from monetary collapse; I wouldn't
       | dismiss it as a dangerous boondoggle just yet.
       | 
       | At any rate, I don't see how Mr. Diehl's prescription for banning
       | crypto could possibly be implemented; private companies have the
       | right to create products for sale or trade as long as they are
       | not dangerous. Even tobacco and guns, both known to potentially
       | kill people, are still huge profitable industries albeit highly
       | regulated.
        
       | BitwiseFool wrote:
       | Is "Electricity Neutrality" a concept? Does the government have
       | any control over how I use the electricity that I pay for? This
       | is a genuine question and I'm not trying to be snarky.
        
         | namdnay wrote:
         | It's a good question. I'd say that the government already gives
         | itself the right to mandate how you burn your petrol for
         | example, by setting emissions regulations.
         | 
         | And more pragmatically, banning crypto would be less
         | politically suicidal than implementing a carbon tax
        
         | golemotron wrote:
         | The article neglects the best argument for crypto. It will
         | force us to do more energy research and put more money into
         | hydroelectric, solar, and nuclear. We shouldn't let concerns
         | about the environmental problems of current energy sources lead
         | us to destroy an incentive structure that can lead us away from
         | them. Harness the tiger, don't put it down.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | ggreer wrote:
         | I don't know of any place requiring different rates and
         | metering for certain uses, but many power companies offer such
         | things as an option. For example: In California, PG&E offers
         | different metering plans for electric vehicles.[1] These plans
         | make it much more expensive to charge your vehicle during peak
         | hours (daytime) and significantly cheaper to charge during the
         | night. Though once you are on separate meters, you're at risk
         | of PG&E unilaterally jacking up your rates for charging your
         | car.[2]
         | 
         | I didn't notice the difference in rates until just now, but
         | California's cheapest off-peak rate of 14 cents per kWh is
         | almost twice what I pay for electricity in Washington (8 cents
         | per kWh). It currently costs me $6 to fully charge my car. If I
         | had to pay California rates, charging would cost $11-38
         | depending on the time of day.
         | 
         | 1. https://www.pge.com/en_US/residential/rate-plans/rate-
         | plan-o...
         | 
         | 2. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bradtempleton/2019/11/19/pge-
         | ra...
        
           | ur-whale wrote:
           | > don't know of any place requiring different rates and
           | metering for certain uses
           | 
           | I don't know about electricity, but this certainly exists for
           | fossil fuels.
           | 
           | In some country, diesel has a completely different price if
           | you use it in your car or use it in your tractor to plow a
           | field.
        
         | rocqua wrote:
         | I don't think it is. If you want a big enough electrical cable,
         | you need a deal with the local energy supplier. They can add
         | whatever clause they want.
         | 
         | Personally, I don't see much of a reason for Electricity
         | neutrality. It's not like the power companies could use their
         | discretion to disadvantage their competition. Nor does the
         | contention for power lead to large barriers for entry.
        
       | superjan wrote:
       | I think the most convincing argument is that Bitcoin is an
       | enabler for crime. Governments have a responsibility here.
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | There is a horrific waste of resources devastating the
       | environment that has gone on for far too long without detection.
       | 
       | Hundreds of thousands of computer servers running almost 24/7,
       | hundreds of thousands of people driving to work, burning energy
       | on their development machines. Hundreds of billions of dollars
       | spent on making products (and wasting energy) to support this
       | industry, which then must be transported, wasting more energy.
       | 
       | We must ban this scourge: entertainment!
       | 
       | This entertainment industry (TV shows, movies, podcasts, video
       | games, etc. used primarily for entertainment) adds nothing and is
       | unproductive.
       | 
       | /s
       | 
       | But not totally sarcasm. Maybe bitcoin isn't truly solving all
       | the problems we hoped it could. Perhaps those problems will be
       | solved by a better version, maybe Ethereum or some other
       | cryptocurrency.
       | 
       | Let's not kid ourselves into thinking that energy isn't wasted in
       | other parts of the economy. What's a "legitimate" use of energy?
       | I think most Americans, generally protective of individual
       | rights, would say let the market decide.
       | 
       | If Americans want to pay for TV shows, let the entertainment
       | industry burn energy to give it to them.
       | 
       | If Americans want to buy/sell/transfer Bitcoin, whether to watch
       | their "investment" go up and down in value, or for some other
       | reason, let them.
        
         | lmilcin wrote:
         | I think people just don't appreciate how much energy is being
         | wasted for bitcoin mining.
         | 
         | Bitcoin mining currently uses 10x the amount of power used by
         | Google and 50% of what ALL DATACENTERS IN THE WORLD are using.
         | 
         | https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-56215787
         | 
         | This also means that our efforts to replace non-renewable
         | sources of energy are being wasted as we are just adding
         | capacity to bitcoin mining network. When you are paying your
         | taxes and subsidize "green" energy know that part of your
         | subsidy just goes to shit.
        
           | djoldman wrote:
           | I think you're right, it's difficult to imagine the scale.
           | 
           | Let's also look at something else: the US department of
           | defense:
           | 
           | "...The U.S. military also produced more greenhouse gases
           | than Morocco, Peru, Hungary, Finland, New Zealand and Norway.
           | According to the research from Brown University, the Pentagon
           | would be the world's 55th largest CO2 emitter if it was a
           | country..." [0]
           | 
           | I think reasonable people could disagree as to whether or not
           | all those emissions were worth it. The point is that many
           | people think the U.S. military is by and large a complete
           | waste of resources analogous to the waste of the Bitcoin
           | network.
           | 
           | If we're going to condemn Bitcoin, let's condemn all the
           | other resource and energy wastes out there.
           | 
           | [0]https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2019/06/13/repo
           | rt...
        
             | lmilcin wrote:
             | If you think bitcoin will cause military to go away you are
             | naive in the extreme.
             | 
             | Military is there because we don't know how to do better.
             | 
             | Just like democracy is a shit show of inefficiency but we
             | just have not figured out better system of government yet.
             | 
             | But we know how to transfer money without burning huge
             | amount of energy and that is the point.
        
               | djoldman wrote:
               | I didn't mean to imply that Bitcoin or any other
               | cryptocurrency will cause militaries to go away.
               | 
               | >Military is there because we don't know how to do
               | better.
               | 
               | This is exactly my point. Many people think we *do* know
               | how to do better: stop spending so much of our resources
               | and energy on militarization.
               | 
               | If we want to say that Bitcoin is a waste of energy,
               | let's also point out all the other things people think
               | are a waste of energy.
        
               | lmilcin wrote:
               | You can't get rid of military unless you want to become
               | completely defenseless and open to conquer.
               | 
               | Peace is a temporary equilibrium where nobody profits
               | from starting hostilities. Nobody profits from starting
               | hostilities because they know it is going to cost them.
               | 
               | If you are not being robbed or beaten or raped that is
               | because there is police and government that can ensure
               | anybody doing this faces good chance of paying high price
               | for this.
               | 
               | Between governments this is done with a prospect of war
               | but that prospect only exists if there is military to
               | back it up.
               | 
               | Just go and ask China or Russia to reduce their military
               | efforts. See what comes out of it.
               | 
               | You need to read some history, man.
        
               | djoldman wrote:
               | Perhaps the US could significantly lessen its resource
               | and energy spend on the military and achieve the same
               | benefits, no?
               | 
               | What about the entertainment industries of the world? Is
               | it ok to spend resources on entertainment but not
               | bitcoin?
        
       | duckfang wrote:
       | Notice: When Wall street decides to horrible things with money in
       | its various ways, nobody bats an eye. When fraud happens, nobody
       | goes to jail. It's business as usual.
       | 
       | When the People decides to do horrible things with money in its
       | various ways, we see hardware manufacturers attempt to lock down
       | hardware to prevent it (nVidia), we see the SEC collectively lose
       | their shit, we see completely inconsistent rules from the IRS how
       | to even handle it, and we see calls for its ban.
       | 
       | Rules for thee, but not for me.
        
         | louwrentius wrote:
         | You can't justify your own 'bad behaviour' by pointing at
         | someone else's bad behaviour.
         | 
         | That is whataboutism, to distract from - I believe - valid and
         | substantiated criticism.
         | 
         | I agree that so much is wrong with Wall Street, but that is
         | another discussion. That is a separate issue to me.
        
           | duckfang wrote:
           | Then you are missing my point of criticism.
           | 
           | The elites put together the artifact that we call the Stock
           | Market. And when the elites play there, they have pretty much
           | a free reign to do as they wish. Sure, there are rules... But
           | as how they're enforced is a whole other matter. And for even
           | the rules that are enforced - if they only have a fine
           | component, they are _only_ meant for the lower classes. Fines
           | for the elites are only a cost of doing business.
           | 
           | And my comments weren't exclusively of bitcoin or other
           | cryptocurrencies. I remember what happened around late
           | February 2021 regarding shorting GME and /r/wallstreetbets .
           | It was yet another case of a hedge fund trying to bankrupt a
           | company in the same way that Toys-R-Us, Sears, and others
           | have had happen to them (by the elite class, no less). And
           | when r/WSB fought against them, corporate elite sycophants
           | like Robinhood and others forbid the very transactions. .
           | When the masses comes together, the elites effectively
           | unionize into a huge bloc, but that didn't save Melvin
           | Capital.
           | 
           | What you call whataboutism is what I call "inherent rigging
           | of the market by the elites against the middle class". It
           | just so happens that the elites didn't get into
           | cryptocurrency until much later, so we see these kinds of
           | one-sided articles.
        
           | hakesdev wrote:
           | Whataboutism - why do I see this word so much these days?
           | 
           | Whenever I see it, I notice people are often basically trying
           | shut down an honest comparative analysis by another party.
        
         | elliekelly wrote:
         | > Rules for thee, but not for me.
         | 
         | There are all kinds of rules that apply to Wall Street that
         | cryptocurrency seeks (and for the most part, has managed) to
         | avoid. I don't disagree there is an entirely different system
         | of "justice" for wealthy, white collar, Wall Street criminals
         | but to say Wall Street is without regulation while
         | cryptocurrency is somehow beholden to rules is patently and
         | laughably untrue.
        
       | cryptochamorro wrote:
       | No one blames fiat for the destruction of entire countries and
       | assassinations of leaders who tried to get away from being
       | beholden to X financial system.
       | 
       | Money drives people to do insane things. Governments only care
       | about the environment insofar as to stay in power and to keep
       | their citizens from interrupting their gravy train.
       | 
       | Look at the numerous examples politicians using "green"
       | initiatives to line their own pockets.
       | 
       | Attacking cryptocurrency is in their best interest because they
       | can't control it. Full stop.
        
         | kmeisthax wrote:
         | Government can almost certainly control cryptocurrency, or at
         | least make the lives of those involved with it very difficult.
         | 
         | They could, for example, pass laws that mandate backdoors,
         | which would mean any cryptocurrency developers in the country
         | would be thrown in jail if they didn't comply. They could also
         | ban operating P2P nodes in the cryptocurrency's network. Due to
         | the nature of P2P it isn't possible to hide the fact that
         | you're running a node, unless you also close the entire network
         | off to new users. (Case study: BitTorrent filesharing lawsuits)
         | The government would just have to run their own nodes and
         | connect to other users to collect information on who needs to
         | be arrested.
         | 
         | I don't think people on HackerNews entirely appreciate how much
         | their ability to do cool fun hacker stuff is a function of
         | living in an advanced democracy where there are significant
         | limitations on the power of government upon which the
         | government has agreed to remain, people's innocence is presumed
         | in criminal proceedings, and private actors trying to curtail
         | said freedoms are looked upon with skepticism, if not outright
         | legal condemnation.
        
         | frankbreetz wrote:
         | >>Governments only care about the environment insofar as to
         | stay in power
         | 
         | If the people care about the environment and will vote people
         | out of office who don't take care of the environment, that
         | seems like a system that works. If a small number people are
         | allowed to destroy the environment, that takes away the
         | people's right to a livable planet.
         | 
         | >>Look at the numerous examples politicians using "green"
         | initiatives to line their own pockets.
         | 
         | One can make money and help the environment it doesn't have to
         | be one or the other
        
       | nayuki wrote:
       | The fact that this author repeatedly upholds China as a good
       | example of technological progress is disturbing.
        
       | xapxap wrote:
       | So sad that you didn't buy some huh?
        
         | ThemalSpan wrote:
         | I don't think he is.
        
         | verdverm wrote:
         | HN is not supportive of antagonistic, low quality comments.
         | Please take that level of discourse elsewhere
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | HN is absolutely supportive of antagonistic snarky, low
           | quality comments which happen to align with the zeitgeist.
           | This one doesn't.
        
       | spir wrote:
       | I work in the cryptocurrency industry. I perceive Stephen as
       | being 42% correct, yet so angry about it that it'll take him
       | another decade, or more, to appreciate the other 58%.
        
       | musesum wrote:
       | A shift in perspective for BTC is underway, from transaction
       | platform (Yellen on the Con side) to a trans-national asset class
       | (Saylor & Musk on the Pro side). So, now the discussion is on the
       | energy spent on mining:
       | https://www.forbes.com/sites/lawrencewintermeyer/2021/03/10/...
       | 
       | IMO, currency is a belief system backed by Joules.
        
         | Bluestein wrote:
         | > currency is a belief system backed by Joules.
         | 
         | That is a very insightful definition ...
        
       | bitcoinmonger wrote:
       | I have a solution to the energy consumption problem.
       | 
       | Instead of banning Bitcoin completely, just make it illegal for
       | individuals to run cryptocurrency nodes or perform mining
       | operations. In it's place, each government can then run their own
       | cluster of nodes for the general public to use as a
       | cryptocurrency.
       | 
       | This way, the general population has access to cryptocurrency,
       | but government can monitor and control all of the transactions
       | that take place to ensure that no illegal activity arises. In
       | addition, governments could also control the issuance of private
       | and public keys, which means that funds can be easily confiscated
       | in the event of fraudulent behaviour.
       | 
       | Of course, the main issue with this setup is that the nodes will
       | be centralized, and therefore are at a greater risk of physical
       | attack. This can be solved through physical force, which will
       | consume energy in itself, but will be far more efficient than
       | using a globally distributed proof-of-work mechanism for
       | protecting the transaction history of the currency.
       | 
       | Furthermore, in the event that a nation state scale attack takes
       | place to try and undermine the transaction history of the
       | government-run nodes, the force required to protect these ledgers
       | can be scaled up to match it (e.g. war). However, I believe this
       | to be an unlikely scenario, and so the overall cost involved with
       | protecting the cryptocurrency would be less than what is
       | currently consumed by proof-of-work.
       | 
       | In short; instead of using electrical energy to protect the
       | integrity of the currency, we use physical force instead (which
       | will be far more energy-efficient).
       | 
       | To me, this quite clearly solves the energy consumption, without
       | having to perform an outright ban on the technology. This way,
       | everyone benefits.
        
         | djschnei wrote:
         | > but government can monitor and control all of the
         | transactions that take place to ensure that no illegal activity
         | arises.
         | 
         | I don't mean any disrespect when I say this, but when I read
         | comments like, after the initial shock subsides, there is
         | always a realization that we all have such widely varying and
         | disconnected worldviews that I simply don't understand how mass
         | governance could every work without eventually succumbing to
         | violent conflict... Not trying to make any comment on the
         | underlying merit of either worldview, just that it's like we
         | live in completely different realities... It's very depressing,
         | to be completely honest.
        
         | biztos wrote:
         | If you're going to trust the government to validate the
         | blockchain then you don't need any proof of work anymore. You
         | just need proof of Government: depending on the government,
         | that might be a trillion-dollar SQL database built by Palantir,
         | or it might be a physical stamp in red ink on a dot-matrix
         | printout of every newly verified block.
        
       | dclaw wrote:
       | I'm really getting sick of this argument that bitcoin or any
       | other cryptocurrency is using some ridiculous/insane amount of
       | electricity while completely ignoring the costs of running the
       | entire existing financial system. There are companies literally
       | tunnelling through mountains to lay fiber so that they can make
       | thousandths of a cent on stock trades and that's not worse? Come
       | on.
        
       | jude- wrote:
       | Just do the following:
       | 
       | * Implement a universal carbon tax. Make CO2-based mining
       | unprofitable.
       | 
       | * Require KYC/AML checks and tax reporting from all exchanges,
       | and prosecute/block those that don't.
       | 
       | Wholesale banning cryptocurrency is a fool's errand without a
       | massive restriction on general-purpose computing and Internet
       | usage. So, let's attack the problems they create instead, since
       | we already have the tools and legal precedent for doing so.
        
       | seaourfreed wrote:
       | Stephen Diehl's goal is control others. He doesn't value citizens
       | having sound currency via non-money printing. It is a free
       | country so the part of the country building a financial system
       | around non-money printing digital currencies will do that.
       | Stephen doesn't need to buy into it. Those who want a non-money
       | printing digital currency driven financial system will opt-in.
       | Opt-in and opt-out is what happens in free countries. Stephen
       | should focus on allowing people to be free, make their individual
       | choice. He should stop trying to control other people.
        
       | tomjen3 wrote:
       | I read the words the great reset and just skipped reading, I
       | suggest you do the same.
        
       | christiansakai wrote:
       | I think the main premise of this article is the fact that
       | crypto's carbon emission is insane, especially Bitcoin, which I
       | agree (I don't hold Bitcoin for this exact reason). But there are
       | many other crypto that uses Proof of Stake, way way greener than
       | Proof of Work, such as Cardano. Even Ethereum is transitioning to
       | Proof of Stake.
       | 
       | This article should be re-titled "The Political Case for a
       | Blanket Proof of Work Ban".
        
         | SavantIdiot wrote:
         | Monero, Ravencoin, and Tether use a proof-of-work function that
         | requires CPUs and defeats GPUs and ASICs, so there is an
         | argument to be made that perhaps there is a slightly greener
         | proof-of-work function. I don't quite understand how their
         | function RandomX works, it requires a VM, lots of memory, and
         | randomly generated work functions that need to be translated by
         | the VM. Been hunting for a good page to explain this, but the
         | point is: it aims to make mining more decentralized because the
         | average user can still participate.
         | 
         | I don't like proof of stake because again, the rich get richer
         | in this scenario, which works against the decentralized core
         | value of cryptocurrency.
        
         | hpoe wrote:
         | Wasn't that posted like 2 days ago on HN already?
        
           | datafl4sh wrote:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26623182
        
           | pmurt7 wrote:
           | Yeah the guy regularly posts his agenda on HN:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=stephendiehl.com
        
         | revel wrote:
         | The big problem with the way that "cryptocurrencies" are talked
         | about is that cryptocurrency is, at least in the mainstream
         | vernacular, synonymous with bitcoin. Bitcoin is an outlier in
         | terms of how it works and what it does. Most tokens sit on top
         | of Ethereum and at this point it's probably more accurate to
         | describe cryptocurrencies as being synonymous with ETH, not
         | BTC.
         | 
         | In my opinion regulatory action against PoW is all but
         | inevitable. Ethereum is a platform, so there are powerful
         | incentives to make it work more efficiently and use less power.
         | Those plans are already well under way and, whenever Ethereum
         | 2.0 gets launched, the power consumption of the crypto sector
         | will drop dramatically and the network will be massively more
         | powerful, attracting subsequent adoption. In this case, miners
         | and developers have aligned interests. That's not the case for
         | Bitcoin. Existing miners benefit from PoW, so I don't expect
         | Bitcoin to migrate without some regulatory arm twisting.
        
         | jtolds wrote:
         | I came here to say this exact same thing. There is seriously
         | interesting and useful real work being done under the umbrella
         | term "decentralized finance" or DeFi. It is hard to cut through
         | the noise of get rich quick schemes, but at the core, the DeFi
         | stuff, built on top of green cryptocurrency (proof of stake),
         | along with quickly improving zero-knowledge proof tech, is
         | actually useful and groundbreaking.
         | 
         | Bitcoin and proof of work should totally be banned.
        
           | salawat wrote:
           | Proof of Stake is not inherently decentralized, you realize
           | that, right? It'll trend toward centalization over time as
           | coins end up getting delegated to the asset class equivalents
           | of banks and brokers. They _will_ pop up. Once they do, They
           | _will_ be regulated. Then you 're back to square one.
        
             | nbardy wrote:
             | And then you have a monetary system that runs a blockchain
             | instead of this paper system the US has.
             | 
             | Not everyone wants to take down banks or destroy fiat.
        
           | einpoklum wrote:
           | I'm not sure. Do these DeFi schemes involve currencies which
           | cannot be cancelled or created in large amounts by political
           | decision (e.g. democratic)? If the answer is "yes", then
           | these may be just another form of pyramid scheme, perhaps
           | less taxing on the environment.
        
             | jtolds wrote:
             | The answer is not yes, and there is clear evidence that
             | cryptocurrencies are cancelled and created democratically.
             | 
             | https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/03/23/legitimacy.html
             | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26560626) talks about
             | the Steem/Hive split, and explains how the community
             | democratically overrode the network owner's undemocratic
             | decisions.
        
           | christiansakai wrote:
           | Indeed, the world of cyptocurrency/blockchain research has
           | many ground breaking papers and news are often real time,
           | even crypto news aggregator can't keep up with it. HN crowd
           | refuses to care about it because of bad taste of crypto in
           | general.
        
             | samvher wrote:
             | Do you have recommendations on where to find this stuff?
             | 
             | I agree that there seems to be a lot of interesting work
             | going on and the ideas of decentralized finance have a lot
             | of potential. At the moment it really is hard to cut
             | through the noise though and from what I can find just
             | searching for an afternoon it looks like a minefield. I'm
             | hoping that the bad stuff will all fade away and something
             | useful will remain.
        
               | christiansakai wrote:
               | You can join each crypto's subreddits/youtube/twitter to
               | find more. This is basically what crypto news aggregator
               | do. They just read articles/watch youtube videos all day.
        
             | jtolds wrote:
             | It's a bummer because zkRollups and their ilk in particular
             | are flat out amazing new cryptographic constructions, but
             | because they weren't developed by Schneier or Rivest or
             | DJB, the wider programming industry is ignoring them.
        
         | superkuh wrote:
         | >This article should be re-titled "The Political Case for a
         | Blanket Proof of Work Ban".
         | 
         | I don't see the difference between that and "The Political Case
         | for a Blanket Cryptocurrency Ban". The outcome is the same.
         | Etherium has not proven proof of stake can work at scale. If it
         | does that will be great. But it's no certain thing and it'll
         | probably mean more Eth forks like Eth classic. Most other
         | cryptocurrencies are tied to bitcoin's ecosystem to have value
         | at all.
        
           | je_bailey wrote:
           | To say that "Etherium has not proven proof of stake can work
           | at scale" is true but means not a whole lot. Since it implies
           | other's haven't. Cardano, as an example, will be 100%
           | decentralized Proof of Stake within the next few hours. I see
           | no reason at this point for bitcoins existence but the
           | technology that's being built on top of blockchains is
           | fascinating and shouldn't be condemned for something that
           | bitcoin can't do.
        
         | louwrentius wrote:
         | I think personally that proof of stake and proof of work both
         | don't matter in the end.
         | 
         | I believe that _all_ cryptocurrencies are at their heart scams.
         | 
         | Proof of stake doesn't change this dynamic.
         | 
         | As I see it, cryptocurrencies doesn't actually solve any real,
         | significant problems we face as a (global) society.
         | 
         | And to pick one important thing: they exclusively enable
         | crypolocker randsomeware, and we know their devastating impact.
         | 
         | Dollars are abused too, but the dollar gives so much back, our
         | societies are based on it.
         | 
         | I see no benefit to society of cryptocurrencies and I would
         | really like to see them go.
         | 
         | Nothing good has come from them. Zero.
        
           | runj__ wrote:
           | "Scam" would indicate intent which I'd seriously think you'd
           | be hard pressed to find behind the bitcoin white paper, it
           | would be a really bad, slow scam if it included the number of
           | steps where bitcoin would be where it is right now.
           | 
           | I can put a virus on someone's computer and make them mail
           | physical dollars or make dead-drops or whatever to remove it,
           | ransomware is not a problem of cryptocurrency.
        
         | ur-whale wrote:
         | > I think the main premise of this article is the fact that
         | crypto's carbon emission is insane
         | 
         | I disagree.
         | 
         | The author of the article is the worst kind of statist there
         | is, and many of his arguments fall in the "big brother ought to
         | protect their poor defenseless citizens, whether they like it
         | or not".
         | 
         | The CO2 emission argument is just the icing on the cake.
        
         | slibhb wrote:
         | The main premise of the article is that cryptocurrencies are
         | "speculation for speculation's sake," i.e. gambling, and that's
         | bad. Also, the article claims that they contribute to
         | inequality. The green stuff is basically a side note.
         | 
         | I don't think it's a terribly strong case but I suppose it
         | depends on whether you agree that crypto is gambling and if you
         | think gambling should banned. Anyway, I think lots of people
         | stupidly speculate on things. I cast my vote by not speculating
         | on those things. Should I be able to stop others from
         | speculating?
        
           | luxuryballs wrote:
           | I wonder how many people who got into crypto and found
           | something they clicked with and were able to make something
           | of compared with a dead end job would feel about this whole
           | "contributes to inequality" nonsense. Not everything is for
           | everyone, and that's OK, but there's something out there for
           | everyone.
        
             | einpoklum wrote:
             | > I wonder how many people who got into crypto and found
             | something they clicked with and were able to make something
             | of compared with a dead end job
             | 
             | For every one of these people who bought cryptocurrency and
             | "made something", there is someone - for the sake of
             | discussion, another poor sap with a dead end job - who just
             | bought cryptocurrency and hasn't made anything. And lots
             | more from the second group who have made a tiny minority of
             | crypto owners rich.
        
               | luxuryballs wrote:
               | Sure but that doesn't take away from the other guy, not
               | everything is for everyone, that's ok.
        
             | louwrentius wrote:
             | That doesn't seem to justify the environmental impact to
             | me.
        
           | tarsinge wrote:
           | The way people "invest" in the stock market nowadays is no
           | different. Long gone are the days of buying a share for
           | dividends and voting power. People now are just betting on
           | what they will be able to dump the bags at the time of their
           | retirement in a giant casino. Crypto is just the end game.
        
           | iujjkfjdkkdkf wrote:
           | Gambling, e.g. casino or sports betting is different because
           | for some it's a fun pastime and participants are (more or
           | less) aware of what it's about.
           | 
           | "Crypto" - not the underlying tech which is potentially
           | interesting and may have merit in some incarnation - but
           | buying or trading "assets" grounded in the tech, is
           | essentially a quasi-legal pump and dump scheme right now.
           | There is a rich history of securities law that is designed to
           | thwart predatory investment schemes, and all of that has been
           | circumvented by allowing people to trade in these assets.
           | 
           | I generally agree that adults should be able to do what they
           | want, but I don't think we have found a way to balance that
           | with what right now is effectively one big fraud.
        
             | tolmasky wrote:
             | It would be difficult to qualify Bitcoin as pump and dump
             | without inadvertently also including many other assets at
             | this point (which is perhaps a reasonable position to
             | take!). That is to say, the more time passes, the fewer
             | properties it exclusively shares with things we
             | traditionally consider pump-and-dump. Bitcoin has for
             | example now outlasted many startups (12 years and
             | counting). Again, many people _do_ think startups and /or
             | the VC-ecosystem are a convoluted pump-and-dump, fair
             | enough. Some would say that Uber is a massive pump and dump
             | scheme that gives out rides below market value as a side-
             | effect. I suppose you could argue that Bitcoin is similarly
             | a pump-and-dump scheme that allows some people to for
             | example donate to the internet archive as a side-effect.
             | But if Bitcoin is still around 12 years from now, would we
             | feel safe saying it's probably something "else"?
        
             | grawprog wrote:
             | How is cryptocurrency different than all the other non-real
             | digital goods that have become valuable over the years?
             | 
             | Games like second life and Eve did the digital currency
             | thing way before bitcoin. How is a pretend coin you can
             | trade for money different than a pretend game currency you
             | can trade for money?
             | 
             | Because one is traded on the stock market and increasingly
             | accepted in real world transactions?
             | 
             | There was and likely still is, people making livings off
             | earning digital video game currency, selling digital assets
             | and converting it to real money. Not to mention every
             | person that made actual money off mmorpg marketplaces.
             | 
             | Seems like cryptocurrencies just remove the game part and
             | cut right to the economic part. With games, it's the people
             | creating the currency through their actions and time,
             | farming gold, working in Eve, etc. With cryptocurrency it's
             | GPUs and stuff...though I guess technically, your GPU's
             | doing the work for the game currency too.
             | 
             | The concept doesn't seem to have changed, buy make-believe
             | thing that exists only on a computer everybody agrees is
             | worth money and the value of said make believe thing
             | changes based on how many people have or want the make-
             | believe thing.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | In EVE Online, the only permitted flow is as follows: you
               | buy subscription time for real money from CCP Games.
               | Others can then buy subscription time from you for in-
               | game currency. In-game currency can only be spent in-
               | game.
               | 
               | It doesn't really seem very similar to cryptocurrency to
               | me; could you explain some more about how you think it's
               | the same?
        
               | grawprog wrote:
               | https://www.playerauctions.com/eve-isk/
               | 
               | That website appears to me to be very much like an
               | exchange for trading EVE online ISK for USD.
               | 
               | The average rate seems to be between $42-$45 for 5000
               | ISK.
               | 
               | It seems to be a time based currency where its value is
               | based on a player's willingness to spend time grinding.
        
             | fsociety wrote:
             | I will push back and say that the current wave of hype is
             | gambling, not ponzi schemes. Some of it is pump and dump
             | but generally there are cryptocurrencies which aren't. The
             | gambling aspect came to light with many of the new DeFi
             | apps.
             | 
             | DeFi kinda started as decentralized exchanges but seemingly
             | changed into apps which allow you to leverage tokens. This
             | is like gambling for tech geeks. Probably this will die and
             | be replaced by gambling for non-tech savvy individuals.
             | 
             | The more interesting side, for me personally, is powering
             | financial assets on the blockchain. There is still work
             | that needs to be done here.
             | 
             | I'm particularly worried about how easy theft of tokens can
             | be, but I think that is a solvable problem. Perhaps through
             | technical means or perhaps through banks holding your
             | assets and covering you with something similar to FDIC or
             | insurance.
             | 
             | So all-in-all I don't think it's fair to call this one big
             | fraud or pump-and-dump schemes. Some are yes but many
             | aren't. Like the dotcom bubble many will lose all invested
             | money however the general promise and tech will deliver
             | something world changing.
        
             | grncdr wrote:
             | I think a lot of people find trading crypto assets at least
             | as fun as say, slot machines.
        
             | lowbloodsugar wrote:
             | Its odd that I can drop a hundred grand at the Venetian,
             | but not in a mates start-up.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | You can't? In what jurisdiction? I dropped ten grand in a
               | mate's (UK) startup a couple of years ago and all we
               | needed was an accountant to formalise the transaction and
               | issue me a share certificate.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | If you buy the case, which I do in part, then the solution
           | isn't to prohibit it. It's to tax it.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | All economic activity that depends on others is speculation,
           | at the end of the day. Every currency is a ponzi scheme of
           | sorts.
        
           | throwawayfire wrote:
           | Gambling-adjacent reasons are: it's difficult to tax in a
           | fair way (what proportion the capital gains due on crypto
           | have been paid?), and has potential to be used as a front for
           | organised money laundering.
        
           | hervature wrote:
           | The problem with governments creating welfare states is that
           | other citizens (and the government) become responsible for
           | the financial implosion of individuals which incentivizes
           | stupid behavior. I don't believe gambling should be banned
           | but should taxpayers be liable for the healthcare of someone
           | who used their health insurance money to speculate on
           | cryptocurrency? This is actually the main division between
           | conservatives and liberals (I mean small government vs. big
           | government) that conservatives are so bad at articulating.
           | Once the government is responsible for the well-being of its
           | citizens, it has weird effects like banning cryptocurrency
           | because they don't want to be left holding the bag.
        
             | simion314 wrote:
             | But you put a tax on gambling then you might have even more
             | money if the guy would have spent his money on vacations
             | around the world. So put a tax on crypto
             | generating/transactions.
        
             | SavantIdiot wrote:
             | > healthcare of someone who used their health insurance
             | money to speculate on cryptocurrency?
             | 
             | You've got it backwards. You are making health insurance
             | profit-driven, when it should be a government service. So
             | then there would be no "individual's health insurance
             | money" to quibble about.
             | 
             | > Once the government is responsible for the well-being of
             | its citizens, it has weird effects like banning
             | cryptocurrency
             | 
             | Wow, that's one helluva strawperson argument. Governments
             | have always been responsible for the well-being of its
             | citizens.
             | 
             | This idea of blaming hypothetical "stupid people" is
             | trotted out by libertarians who want to punish the poor for
             | dumb behavior, but give the rich a pass for equally-or-more
             | dumb behavior that has a 1,000x more negative impact on
             | society, simply because rich=smart=superior in their minds.
        
               | smeej wrote:
               | You're setting up your own strawperson at the end there.
               | 
               | The kind of libertarian who's excited about Bitcoin is
               | the kind that, with Satoshi in Bitcoin's genesis block,
               | criticizes the bailout of banks and thinks they should
               | have been allowed to fail, because that's what would keep
               | them in check and prevent their walking all over regular
               | people.
        
               | SavantIdiot wrote:
               | That's actually not a strawperson. I didn't set up an
               | argument and knock it down. But go ahead and avoid my
               | criticism of your point, it speaks volumes.
        
               | hervature wrote:
               | I think you thought the post you commented on (mine) made
               | that response (I did not), but the only thing that it
               | speaks volumes of is your eagerness to personally insult
               | the opposing side by insinuating they can't engage in
               | constructive debate. In my analogy, I tried to reflect an
               | example of a typical decision available to a US citizen
               | as that's the main audience here. The argument holds for
               | any government service that people in financial ruin
               | benefit from. In this case, the most applicable would be:
               | should individuals who lose all their money speculating
               | be able to file for bankruptcy? Bankruptcy is a social
               | benefit that gives people a chance at a restart. Should
               | we give that privilege to people who intentionally use it
               | as a call option? Perhaps I should have used this
               | example, but the other is a real monthly expense for many
               | Americans and so I thought fit the narrative better.
               | 
               | And yes, your last comment is a strawman because any
               | libertarian who believes in individual choice and
               | consequence also believes the same for businesses and
               | rich people. You're attacking a group of people who exist
               | but that I wouldn't call libertarians.
        
             | mullingitover wrote:
             | > The problem with governments creating welfare states is
             | that other citizens (and the government) become responsible
             | for the financial implosion of individuals which
             | incentivizes stupid behavior.
             | 
             | At the same time, allowing extreme wealth inequality
             | incentivizes stupid behavior on the part of capital (like
             | wasting capital on unproductive speculation, or driving the
             | working class foundation of the population to poverty).
             | Welfare states put sensible checks on capital, and honestly
             | capital should welcome policies that keep the population
             | from doing rash things like nationalizing all their assets
             | out of desperation.
        
           | UnpossibleJim wrote:
           | There is speculative trading in stocks and bonds, but not as
           | frequently. It is a choice that a trader can make, though and
           | hasn't been regulated away. I have no problem with government
           | regulation on Cryptocurrency for speculation if the same laws
           | effect the trading of stacks and bonds.
           | 
           | The "green" issue of Crypto mining is a harder regulatory
           | issue for our government to get involved in, though. While on
           | the one hand, I applaud their pro action, on the other hand,
           | the hypocrisy is on a scale almost never seen. A government
           | which has simultaneously rolled back environmental
           | regulation, wildlife areas and expanded oil pipelines, shale
           | extractions, fracking and offshore drilling while continuing
           | a war on "terrorism", which is an ideal, not an enemy. A
           | forever war, if you will. This is a polluter much bigger than
           | crypto miners, so you'll excuse me if I have to take the
           | concern about the environmental impact concern from the
           | Senate all that seriously...... sorry. Went off the track.
           | Either way, there are larger polluters to tackle than Crypto
           | that take less control away from people.
        
           | CerealFounder wrote:
           | You guys are all dissecting his points like academics. I
           | think the real thing is that the environmental piece is a
           | strong enough weakness to make an emotional argument to build
           | support within the non-hardcore communities with the cloaked
           | motivation (as always) being one of control or financial
           | power. The no-cryptos are betting on a growing swell of anti-
           | anti-environmental ideas in general with this one.
           | 
           | Currency/whatever crypto is, is just a system of trust. Logic
           | is likely to have little to do with the downfall if it comes.
           | Scrolling through the comments the Crypto-religious right is
           | out in full effect and tbh, I understand it. For many people
           | they have moved up many brackets of the wealth ladder and
           | they probably should reject anyone coming for their system
           | with vigor.
           | 
           | I think the downside of the crypto religious complex is going
           | to be, that if any of these emotional arguments (coming to
           | kill crypto) become mainstream and compelling, the tenor of
           | arguments is going to push the crypto and no-crypto sides
           | apart cartoonishly (think modern dems and republicans) and
           | the choices of resolution will have to be loud and final.
           | 
           | Make no mistake, crypto is much closer to a political
           | religious sect than it is a science.
        
           | christiansakai wrote:
           | In conclusion, none of the points addressed in this article
           | hold strong ground.
        
             | maigret wrote:
             | Until the environmental problem is clearly solved, it still
             | holds strong.
        
           | api wrote:
           | Most cryptocurrency activity is speculation, but so is a huge
           | proportion of what happens on Wall St. Are we going to ban
           | hedge funds? What about casinos or even worse state-backed
           | lotteries?
           | 
           | It's the same sort of hypocrisy as deplatforming Parler.
           | While I did not weep for Parler, YouTube and Facebook are the
           | largest platforms for alt-right/fascist propaganda. YouTube's
           | "rabbit hole algorithm" is by far the most powerful engine of
           | indoctrination, and while the most egregious stuff has mostly
           | been kicked off the platform it's still full of "soft pill"
           | fascist/racist material. I am not sure things like Qanon or
           | the alt-right in general would even exist (to such a degree)
           | were it not for YouTube.
           | 
           | A ban or tax on proof of work mining is tempting but it would
           | just offshore that activity. I suppose you could ban PoW
           | cryptocurrencies but there are many alternatives.
           | 
           | This is generally a shitty article.
        
             | louwrentius wrote:
             | I think whataboutism is actually the real shitty thing
             | here.
             | 
             | Yes, I think there is a lot wrong within 'Wall Street'. But
             | those wrongs don't justify the existence of
             | cryptocurrencies in any way.
             | 
             | And most of all: it doesn't absolve cryptocurrencies in any
             | way of their terrible impact on our world.
             | 
             | Just the facilating of cryprolocker attacks alone are
             | enough to justify a ban in my view.
        
               | api wrote:
               | It's not whataboutism. It's hypocrisy. It's deeply
               | hypocritical to attack cryptocurrency when we have a
               | massive parasitic financial industry that does far more
               | damage than anything cryptocurrency has ever done.
               | 
               | For just one example, look at how hedge fund and foreign
               | capital speculation in housing is making a home
               | unaffordable for millions upon millions of people and
               | contributing to middle class decline and homelessness.
               | 
               | It's a bit like making pot illegal when hard liquor and
               | cigarettes are legal. What it really amounts to is the
               | existing parasitic financial industry using the state to
               | remove a competitor to its own gambling and destructive
               | speculation operation.
        
               | thro7654 wrote:
               | Whataboutism _is_ about hypocrisy.
               | 
               | Argument: X is bad because Y. Counter: But Z is also bad
               | because Y and I don't hear you saying anything about
               | that! Conclusion: So X isn't bad.
               | 
               | E.g. the typical Soviet whataboutism:
               | 
               | Argument: The USSR doesn't respect human rights and
               | that's bad. Counter: A u vas negrov linchuyut (but at
               | your place, you lynch negroes). I.e. the US doesn't
               | respect human rights either. Conclusion: So the USSR
               | isn't bad.
               | 
               | The mere presence of Z does not invalidate the argument
               | that X is bad because of Y. It's irrelevant, which is why
               | tu quoque is just that, a fallacy of relevance.
        
               | api wrote:
               | In this case it's about consistency. If marijuana is
               | illegal then alcohol should be illegal too. If
               | cryptocurrency is illegal than socially harmful property
               | speculation, shorting stocks and then trashing companies
               | in the press, casinos, state lotteries, and so on should
               | also be illegal.
               | 
               | Inconsistency in these kinds of areas just makes a
               | mockery of the legal system and encourages corruption.
               | 
               | There are tons and tons of other problems with this
               | proposal I didn't get into, such as how cryptocurrency is
               | defined. Are we going to start making data structures
               | like linked lists of cryptographic hashes illegal? In-
               | game virtual currencies? Amusement park tokens tracked in
               | a database? Any law would be either overly broad or
               | trivially circumventable.
        
               | louwrentius wrote:
               | What you may point out is hypocrisy. That hypocrisy still
               | doesn't change anything about cryptocurrencies
               | themselves.
               | 
               | Real or perceived hypocrisy doesn't absolve
               | cryptocurrencies in any way. What they are and what they
               | to account for has to stand on itself, on its own.
               | 
               | Two wrongs don't make a right.
               | 
               | You also seem to be a bit disingenuous: cryptographic
               | hashes don't boil the ocean. Amusement park tokens idem.
               | They aren't used for ransomware.
               | 
               | So this attempt at some kind of slippery slope argument
               | isn't really working, if you would ask me.
               | 
               | When money is at stake, logic and reason is the first to
               | fly out of the window. Whatever necessary to make the
               | grift going will be said.
        
         | agentultra wrote:
         | I think part of the problem with believing that "at some
         | undetermined point in the future, it will improve," is not a
         | compelling argument _against_ turning off crypto-currencies.
         | From an emissions perspective Ethereum has been clinging to the
         | belief that Proof-of-Stake is better, in theory, and is
         | perennially,  "just around the corner." In the mean time it has
         | been and continues to run on Proof-of-Work and contributes in
         | no small part to the environmental impact these crypto-coins
         | have.
         | 
         | Internal combustion engines are already really close to their
         | peak efficiency vs emissions output and they still contribute a
         | huge and growing amount to overall CO2 emissions. We need to
         | design cities to curb the need for cars, replace as many as we
         | can with electric, and design better, more accessible public
         | transportation. Not seek more efficient internal combustion
         | engines and promote their use.
         | 
         | Crypto-currencies account for an abysmally small number of
         | financial transactions in the world. Literally inconsequential.
         | And they chewed up an astounding amount of energy in order to
         | process them. To scale that up to a world where _everyone_ buys
         | their bread and milk and candy bars with crypto-coins is...
         | well not feasible would be the polite way to put it if you
         | still understand physics and the laws of thermodynamics.
         | 
         | I think there are plenty of other reasons to ban crypto-
         | currencies when we get to regulation and protecting consumers.
         | 
         | It wouldn't take much for the governments of the world to shut
         | the whole enterprise down and I think they should.
        
         | purple_ferret wrote:
         | There are many problems with Proof of Stake (inflation,
         | centralization, etc). Cardano mainnet doesn't even exist yet.
         | Smoke and mirrors.
        
           | djschnei wrote:
           | Cardano mainnet doesn't exist? What?...
           | 
           | The Mainnet has 2,289 active stake pool operators, which
           | comes out to >99% decentralized, with 71.09% of the total ADA
           | in circulation being actively staked on those pools
           | ($26.83b/$37.7b). It has an incredibly active and healthy
           | mainnet...
        
             | kanwisher wrote:
             | With no smart contracts or actual usable functionality. Its
             | just a chain with staking and nothing useful
        
               | djschnei wrote:
               | https://i.redd.it/9v8n8zaugjp61.jpg
               | 
               | Nothing useful is a HUGE stretch - unless only smart
               | contracts are 'useful'. The ecosystem is new but growing
               | rapidly. Let's circle back to this comment in 1-2 months?
        
           | christiansakai wrote:
           | That remains to be seen. Ethereum has their own way of
           | solving PoS weakness and Cardano has their own way. You need
           | to read more.
        
           | svachalek wrote:
           | Inflation and centralization are just as possible on PoW (see
           | Binance Smart Chain) and just as easy to avoid on PoS.
           | 
           | Cardano main net has been around a long time. It just doesn't
           | support smart contracts yet.
        
       | mantenpanther wrote:
       | Hostile and clearly framed article from the first sentence. Could
       | not read it further.
        
         | herodotus wrote:
         | I am sorry that you did that. I believe that Bitcoin's
         | intrinsic energy usage is a big big problem, and I would have
         | been interested in a reasoned counter-argument from someone who
         | is in favour of Bitcoin or other crypto-currencies. After all,
         | I read HN mostly to learn and grow. I especially enjoy
         | informative comments on articles and the ensuing debates.
        
           | _trampeltier wrote:
           | Of course energy is a problem. But at the same time you would
           | to have to ban all sport cars, forbid to heat a building more
           | than 20C etc. And not all people live in a "safe" country and
           | it's still more easy to transmit cryptos to some countrys
           | than use the incompatible way from offical banc transaction.
        
           | artifact_44 wrote:
           | Ok. Let's ban capitalism.
        
           | mantenpanther wrote:
           | Bitcoins energy usage might be it's most important property
           | as an asset. Blatanly discrediting it because of ,,energy
           | usage" is the simple route. I prefer to dig deeper for the
           | truth. Maybe PoS is part of the solution, but I'm not
           | convinced of a purely virtual system without a physical
           | anchor.
           | 
           | An overview of counter-argumebtd to the main bitcoin
           | criticisms: https://www.lynalden.com/misconceptions-about-
           | bitcoin/
           | 
           | Regarding energy usage some arguments are: using stranded
           | energy (exists very much), stabilizing energy nets
           | (especially with renewables), incentivizing renewable
           | research.
        
           | fisf wrote:
           | The easiest counter argument to that is that transition to
           | proof-of-stake based Crypto should be encouraged.
           | 
           | But the article only makes sweeping statements without much
           | depth. .
           | 
           | "Cryptocurrencies disproportionately victimize vulnerable
           | people and those in marginalized communities without access
           | to traditional investments or financial advisory"
           | 
           | The same could be said about large segments of the
           | traditional finance and banking industry. Yet nobody wants a
           | blanket ban of this sector.
           | 
           | It is a very low effort article, that has a very clear bias.
        
       | tfang17 wrote:
       | Didn't people make the same arguments about the Internet?
        
         | tome wrote:
         | They didn't make the argument that the internet was a ponzi
         | scheme or that it used energy equivalent to a medium-sized
         | country. Did you have some other arguments in mind?
        
       | keiferski wrote:
       | The hullabaloo over Bitcoin's environmental cost is a classic
       | example of people focusing on _things that are easily visible_
       | and being totally oblivious to _ones that are unseen or not
       | obvious._ What is the energy cost of the current currency system
       | and the political structure that keeps it in use? I'm going to
       | guess that it is significantly higher than Bitcoin.
       | 
       | That's not even mentioning Proof of Stake, which will essentially
       | solve all of these problems.
        
         | alkonaut wrote:
         | Even making that comparison suggests that there is a situation
         | in which cryptocurrency is effectively and widely used _as
         | currency_ side by side with fiat.
         | 
         | I don't see that ever happening. I don't think governments can
         | (or should!) give up that much control over the financial
         | system.
         | 
         | And this argument actually reaches back to prove itself: since
         | crypto will always be used for speculation and not fill a
         | useful role in transactions, all the energy used is effectively
         | wasted!
        
         | einpoklum wrote:
         | > and the political structure that keeps it in use?
         | 
         | 1. False equivalence, since the environmental concern is about
         | the generation of cryptocurrency not its social implications vs
         | a crypto-currency-free world.
         | 
         | 2. You've expanded this question so much that it is not
         | possible to answer. The political structure that keeps money is
         | use is basically the political structure of almost all world
         | states, and capitalist/money-based economies. So the cost is
         | about 100% of all energy expenditure. What's the alternative?
         | You would need to imagine an anti-capitalist revolution
         | creating a non-exchange-based economy (so not USSR-style
         | either). I happen to think that's a swell idea, but you realize
         | there is absolutely no way you can estimate how much less
         | energy humanity would use up in such a different reality than
         | today's.
        
           | tome wrote:
           | > > and the political structure that keeps it in use?
           | 
           | > 1. False equivalence
           | 
           | It's additionally a false equivalence because those political
           | structures also keep in place the things you want to buy with
           | bitcoin, such as shops, factories, and things you produce
           | bitcoin with, such as power stations and computers.
        
             | MrMan wrote:
             | And indeed all those structures provide the support system
             | for crypto itself. It is not outside the existing system.
             | The rhetoric makes it seem like an independent and
             | autonomous system but it is part of the existing technical
             | and financial system. It will not replace the rest of the
             | system, evidenced by recent cooptation by Visa and PayPal,
             | the creation of exchanges, taxation and KYC rules. The real
             | world exists and crypto is not an escape.
        
           | keiferski wrote:
           | I meant more the actual nuts-and-bolts of fiat currency, not
           | the entire political structure of capitalism. Obviously this
           | is an unanswerable question, but ultimately the point is that
           | the current currency system no doubt consumes a huge amount
           | of energy. If the predominant currency of the world were a
           | Proof of Stake crypto, it seems logical to assume that actual
           | energy costs would go way down.
        
       | blululu wrote:
       | This feels overly specific. Implementing something like a
       | Pigovian tax is standard practice where negative externalities
       | are concerned. There is no need for an outright ban if properly
       | taxed. There are also much larger negative externalities to
       | cryptocurrency than CO2. Ransomware payments are a clear cut
       | example that a ban might not even address and are easy to tax.
        
       | ur-whale wrote:
       | The level of gripe and sourness in this article is amazing.
       | 
       | He's basically raising the "evil that is crypto" to levels that
       | would make you believe that a large number people's lives are
       | being actively ruined by Bitcoin.
       | 
       | I wonder how someone can get so angry with something that
       | abstract ... I wouldn't be surprised if his agenda wasn't
       | motivated by something less than noble.
        
       | DickingAround wrote:
       | This article seems to intentionally ignore the core reason for
       | cryptocurrencies; escaping inflation and control. The article
       | then proposes to use the law to bring those people back within
       | the control of fiat and government oversight.
       | 
       | I no longer think the environmental argument is really plausible
       | here. Clearly crypto mining is emitting using a lot of power and
       | some of that is CO2. But the competition is fiat; backed by
       | fighter jets and nukes; literally. How is it that someone can't
       | steal your money? The bank makes sure. How is it the bank can be
       | sure? The cops protect them. How is it the cops aren't
       | overwhelmed? The military protects them. Law and order stands on
       | the backs of a lot of stuff and CO2. Bitcoin is an example of one
       | little piece of this not needing all that stuff. Instead it's
       | protected by this mining fleet. And if you want to contest
       | ownership there's no one to invade, no one to attack; the best
       | you can do is make a fleet and try to mine. It's a small step in
       | the direction of getting away from all these endless wars and
       | control. A little step away from needing to point guns at
       | eachother to protect our pile of stuff. And this author is saying
       | "point guns at them and make them give it up". That's crazy. Just
       | leave them alone.
       | 
       | (If you need to point guns to save the environment, do that
       | specifically. Carbon tax CO2)
        
         | TezNoble1988 wrote:
         | The idea that inflation is some sort of creeping evil that
         | needs to be "solved for" is a made up fantasy of cryptocurrency
         | zealots and libertarians. There's nothing inherently "wrong" or
         | "bad" about inflation when it is controlled and stable, and in
         | fact some low level of positive inflation is a good thing.
         | Inflation is a bogeyman that was invented by the crypto-
         | industrial complex to justify the environmental disaster and
         | criminal danger that cryptocurrencies wreak on society.
        
           | nbardy wrote:
           | Inflation is a problem when there is no way to beat it and
           | it's hidden in stimulus bills that the majority of the
           | country is too busy working to pay bills to spend time
           | understanding.
           | 
           | Most of my friends can't afford investment in the market. So
           | when the stock market goes up that's them losing value on
           | their dollar and wages.
           | 
           | Inflation is fine for those who are part of the asset class.
        
             | TezNoble1988 wrote:
             | There is very little consensus around whether these
             | stimulus bills will create inflationary pressure or not.
             | Inflation generally isn't a concern when unemployment is
             | high; if anything, short-term inflation may be caused by a
             | drop in supply and excess savings caused by COVID, a
             | systemic event which would also cause BTC-denominated
             | prices to increase if consumer goods were actually priced
             | in BTC.
             | 
             | I'm not sure what you mean by, "when the stock market goes
             | up that's them losing value on their dollar and wages" ->
             | that simply doesn't make sense
        
               | nbardy wrote:
               | > that simply doesn't make any sense.
               | 
               | It does you just don't understand yet. Let me try and
               | explain.
               | 
               | Inflation measured by the government in CPI is a bad
               | metric. It doesn't include ownership in assets which is
               | the ability to retire.
               | 
               | We already had inflation if you measure the cost of
               | retirement in USD. With the spending package we drove a
               | bull run.
               | 
               | The SP500 going up in price is equivalent to the value of
               | USD going down for anyone who doesn't own part of the
               | market. They have to buy in at higher and higher cost.
               | 
               | Younger generations have been priced out of an ability to
               | own and in turn retire. While those who owned assets
               | experienced a nice boost this year.
               | 
               | When the cost of retirement goes up the value of USD goes
               | down just like anything else.
        
         | simonsarris wrote:
         | Back in 2017 I wrote an article about the "backed by fighter
         | jets and nukes" point because it seemed by far the most
         | intuitive way to reason about it.
         | 
         | https://medium.com/@simon.sarris/the-guns-of-bitcoin-1f77930...
        
         | Fern_Blossom wrote:
         | First, I'd like to really understand why people say crypto
         | "escapes inflation". The only argument has been the artificial
         | scarcity mechanisms built in the currency. Scarcity is a
         | seasoning to the concept of value, not the main course. I don't
         | know of anyone in economics in the last 100 years that has ever
         | pushed forward the idea that scarcity is all you need to create
         | value... except for Youtube economic cartoons.
         | 
         | "Fiat currency" isn't backed by violence. It's backed by
         | production in goods and/or services. You can see this easily
         | play out in command-control economies. The resource rich, like
         | Venezuela back in the day, was a prosperous country for a few
         | years. Gov controlled oil meant that's how they made money.
         | When the price of a barrel of oil is high, they just pump that
         | oil, increasing the need of the international community to
         | purchase their currency, bringing up the value. When their oil
         | wasn't needed due to diversification of supply and the drop in
         | price, no one "wants" said currency since the country had
         | nothing anyone wanted. Thus, the value goes down and you have
         | hyperinflation due to high economic specialization. All the
         | military equipment they bought and posturing, which led to a
         | hilarious wannabe propaganda-scare video, during the good years
         | didn't amount to shit. You really think if Bitcoin magically
         | became the almighty currency, war would disappear? I'm serious
         | when I say this, quit watching Sesame Street and other
         | children's shows. Be an adult. Read a history book. No good
         | change will come from praying to unicorns.
         | 
         | On average, less than 1% of a country's population is active
         | law enforcement in the western world. It's just a hair over 1%
         | in the US according to Bureau of Labor numbers and that
         | includes all the admin/support/not-arresting LE as well. Y'all
         | need to quit looking underneath your beds and checking your
         | closest for the blue boogey man. They do a whole hell of a lot
         | more than just "protect the banks". That's what G4S does with
         | their tactical muffin tops. At that, here's a good example of
         | the difference between what a police officer can do and what a
         | sheriff deputy can do: https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-
         | way/2011/06/06/137002727... This happens more often than you
         | think throughout the country. We don't hear about it because
         | banks and other financial institutions swiftly put gag clauses
         | in settlements. Banks do a fantastic job of teaching you how
         | you can't use the justice system in your favor when in reality,
         | you have more power than you imagine. Stop watching them
         | youtube videos and go to the local library to learn more about
         | local laws and procedures.
         | 
         | Contest ownership... yea, still a problem with Bitcoin. Just
         | look up "Bitcoin stolen" in your search engine of choice and
         | there's article, after article, after article of theft and a
         | cold day in hell's chance of retrieving it. There's nothing
         | special there on that front. It's a preferred means of trade
         | for the black market for a good reason.
         | 
         | On one level, I don't care about the crypto ponzi scheme being
         | played out. Let it happen. Madoff tricked a whole hell of a lot
         | of people for around 20 years. Good. What ruffles my feathers,
         | pushing a political agenda because you want to be rich in
         | monopoly money, then use it to buy ice cream. Then throwing a
         | fit because the cashier won't accept it. Yea, the amount of
         | excess CO2 created by crypto mining is a valid and big problem.
         | It's another industrial sized country on the world grid because
         | of it. You act like this is some magic cure for "the poors", to
         | help distribute wealth and other fantasies. Because there's a
         | magic mechanism for a rich cat in USD to not do the same in
         | BTC? The same way they garnered wealth in USD, GBP, JPY or EUR
         | will do the same thing in any other new currency, making the
         | point to the "revolution" null and void. Oh wait, Musk already
         | started that. What's that, they found a good way for a loophole
         | in being able to issue refunds in USD or BTC according to how
         | they see fit depending which is cheaper? Yea, that sweet sweet
         | "for the people" currency not going into the hands of the, what
         | is he now, 3rd richest? 2nd richest? But I guess that makes him
         | a fellow poor too since he's not 1st. Great step forward for
         | that great reset. Let me tell ya'.
        
           | louwrentius wrote:
           | Thank you for this. I am serious. I wish you would put this
           | on a blog somewhere and not let this gem die in de depths of
           | H... HN.
        
         | tome wrote:
         | > This article seems to intentionally ignore the core reason
         | for cryptocurrencies; escaping inflation
         | 
         | I'm extremely confused by this argument that I see again and
         | again. If you want to avoid your assets losing value to
         | inflation that you can buy assets that are resistant to
         | inflation, such as stocks, real estate, land, gold, inflation-
         | adjusted bonds ...
         | 
         | I just don't see that cryptocurrencies are particularly useful
         | for that. What's the deal here?
        
           | oxymoran wrote:
           | A)I don't have $150k+ To just go invest in land or real
           | estate that I'm not going to reside in.
           | 
           | B)Are stocks and bonds inflation resistant if they are priced
           | in the inflating currency? Not just normal year over year
           | inflation but the type of inflation that happens when you
           | debase a currency. Regardless, I already own these, the first
           | rule of investing is diversification.
           | 
           | C)gold is inflation resistant and tangible so I agree that is
           | the best option if you are truly worried about SHTF but it's
           | also heavy and more expensive to secure.
           | 
           | Bitcoin, in my opinion, is a hedge on the hegemony of the US
           | dollar which I see weakening going forward. The US dollar is
           | the global reserve currency thanks to the global oil
           | industry. That gives the US a lot of power. But between the
           | switch away from oil, the weakening of the dollar, and the
           | rise of China the US currency dominance looks to be coming to
           | an end. There is no other currency that could act as a global
           | reserve currency except China, which would essentially make
           | China the worlds superpower. That is where Bitcoin comes in:
           | it can be the new global currency instead of China when the
           | US dollar loses its place. Gold and paper only has value
           | because we imagine that they have value, I don't see how
           | Bitcoin is any more or less imaginary.
        
             | intuitionist wrote:
             | A share of Weyerhaeuser stock costs around 35 bucks and
             | gets you a (modestly levered) claim on forestland, one of
             | the most inflation-protected assets in history. A round lot
             | costs around 3500. If you prefer hard metals, there are
             | highly liquid ETFs that trade in even smaller
             | denominations. If you want exposure to these asset classes
             | you can mostly get them.
        
             | guenthert wrote:
             | > A)I don't have $150k+ To just go invest in land or real
             | estate that I'm not going to reside in.
             | 
             | Then I doubt that inflation should be much of a concern to
             | you. Just make sure that other income you clearly depend on
             | is adjusted to inflation.
        
             | kgwgk wrote:
             | > B)Are stocks and bonds inflation resistant if they are
             | priced in the inflating currency?
             | 
             | The parent comment said "inflation-adjusted bonds". If you
             | don't know what that means, look it up.
             | 
             | As for stocks, they are priced in an inflating currency in
             | the same way that real estate or dogecoin are priced in an
             | inflating currency.
        
             | tome wrote:
             | A) REITs exist
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_estate_investment_trust
             | 
             | B) Yes, stocks are not directly affected by the currency in
             | which they are nominally denominated! Yes, inflation-
             | adjusted bonds are not affected by inflation in the
             | currency in which they are denominated, assuming you
             | believe RPI to be a good measure of inflation.
             | 
             | C) You can buy gold without having to store it yourself!
             | For example SGLN or https://www.bullionvault.com/ (no
             | connection other than being a happy customer)
             | 
             | > Bitcoin, in my opinion, is a hedge on the hegemony of the
             | US dollar which I see weakening going forward
             | 
             | If you really wanted a hedge on the US dollar you could buy
             | oil, gold, JPY, EUR, CHF, GBP. Buying the hugely volatile
             | asset called bitcoin doesn't seem like a good way to hedge
             | USD.
             | 
             | > Gold and paper only has value because we imagine that
             | they have value
             | 
             | No, gold has value because of demand in industrial process
             | and jewellry. "Paper" has value because governments can
             | demand you to pay it to them in return for participating in
             | economic activity within their borders.
             | 
             | If these arguments are _really_ what bitcoin supporters
             | believe about the value of bitcoin then the whole bitcoin
             | enterprise is in for a big shock.
        
               | gher-shyu3i wrote:
               | > A) REITs exist https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_estat
               | e_investment_trust
               | 
               | Are there REITs that don't deal with interest?
        
               | tome wrote:
               | I don't know what you mean.
        
           | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
           | They're very similar to gold in this regard. They have a
           | value because people think they have a value. They're a lot
           | easier to store, transport and transact with than gold bars
           | though.
           | 
           | And I have my doubts whether Bitcoin mining is more
           | destructive than gold mining. It's possible (it's a LOT of
           | energy), but gold mining is also pretty nasty.
        
             | webinvest wrote:
             | Bitcoin mining is not destructive. The production of
             | electricity via Coal, natural gas, oil, and biomass is. It
             | makes more sense to ban the direct source of these carbon
             | dioxide emissions than the downstream users of the
             | electricity. Cryptocurrency mining is very compatible with
             | renewable energy sources because it can be mined from
             | anywhere, the energy usage is very predictable, and the
             | mining can tolerate rare occurrences of loosing power. The
             | publicly traded company RIOT sources 100% of it's bitcoin
             | mining energy from renewable sources.
             | 
             | Also, as a comparison, nearly all the gold mining machinery
             | runs on gasoline.
        
           | ahallock wrote:
           | There seems to be an inverse correlation between the value of
           | BTC and DXY.
        
           | rybosworld wrote:
           | I think the major point is that Bitcoin seems to benefit
           | disproportionately from inflation. It may be the case that
           | it's the single best hedge against inflation. But yes, there
           | are lot's of things that protect against inflation.
        
             | tome wrote:
             | > Bitcoin seems to benefit disproportionately from
             | inflation
             | 
             | Does it? On what basis would one know that? Why should it
             | benefit from inflation more than gold, say?
        
               | rybosworld wrote:
               | My argument would be it's the only thing on that list of
               | inflation hedges that has a fixed supply.
               | 
               | Lot's of gold is mined each year. Houses are built. Stock
               | is issued, etc. Bitcoin has a well-established upper
               | limit.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | > [Bitcoin is] the only thing on that list of inflation
               | hedges that has a fixed supply.
               | 
               | Aha! That brings me to my next question. In what sense
               | does bitcoin actually have a fixed supply? Sure, a loose
               | coalition of people agree for it to have a fixed supply
               | at the moment, but if enough of the miners, core
               | developers, etc. agree they can change the rules
               | arbitrarily, viz. hard forks.
               | 
               | Why should we believe that bitcoin _really_ has a fixed
               | supply, just because everyone has roughly stuck to the
               | rules so far?
        
               | ur-whale wrote:
               | Every single thing you said applies to the greenback.
               | 
               | Therein lies your answer: if a large enough number of
               | people place faith into something, it "takes".
        
               | rybosworld wrote:
               | That's mostly a matter of economic incentives. It's
               | technically possible but it's similar to the idea of a
               | rich person lighting a pile of money on fire.
               | 
               | If a proposal to raise the cap is introduced, price would
               | react negatively, hurting miners, and making it more
               | (relatively) expensive to mine. It's unlikely there is
               | any scenario where it is economically feasible to try to
               | raise the supply cap.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | A [relative] lack of block rewards to earn hurts miners
               | too...
        
               | tome wrote:
               | Can you point me to some more thorough analysis of your
               | claim? I've heard such things before but I've never seen
               | it modelled and worked through. Until I see such an
               | analysis I can't help thinking the argument is "we've
               | thought about it a bit and it seems like it will be OK".
        
               | smeej wrote:
               | Nobody knows how much gold is in the earth, much less in
               | not-so-distant asteroids.
               | 
               | The supply of gold might, technically, be "fixed" in the
               | sense that no more of it is being _created,_ but more of
               | it could be discovered at any time.
               | 
               | Bitcoin's supply is mathematically demonstrably fixed.
               | Nobody's ever going to discover a new vein of Bitcoin in
               | the earth's crust, or on an asteroid.
        
               | caeril wrote:
               | We know to a pretty good approximation how much gold is
               | in the earth, and where it is. That's not even a minor
               | consideration for mining geologists and engineers
               | anymore.
               | 
               | The primary limitation as of now is ore quality, which
               | directly dictates how much energy is required for
               | smelting, and we have a good idea of the decline curve
               | thereof. We know roughly when it will be economically
               | profitable to extract the stuff from seawater, which
               | isn't too far off. In the end, it's a question of energy.
               | Very similar to proof-of-work tokens like BTC, in that
               | regard.
        
               | smeej wrote:
               | We certainly think we know. But we've thought an awful
               | lot of things as a human species that turned out not to
               | be true.
               | 
               | Gold is presumably scarce. Bitcoin is _provably_ scarce.
        
               | firmnoodle wrote:
               | The argument is that Bitcoin not only has a provable
               | total fixed supply & rate of future supply and that it
               | has more utility than gold because it's easier to
               | transfer and harder to fake.
        
               | ur-whale wrote:
               | > harder to fake
               | 
               | Also harder to take.
        
           | aarongray wrote:
           | Real estate has clearly been shown to not be resistant to
           | inflation over the past year.
        
             | tome wrote:
             | Could you elaborate?
        
               | aarongray wrote:
               | Home prices in my area are up around 15% over the past
               | year.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | I'm confused. That suggests that real estate is very much
               | resistant to inflation.
        
               | aarongray wrote:
               | Haha I was wrong, I see what you were saying now. I
               | thought you were saying that resistance == unaffected.
               | But you were saying that the price of real estate rises
               | when inflation occurs, so buy it before inflation
               | happens. My bad. :)
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | That makes real estate investments a good defense against
               | inflation. A good defense against inflation are assets
               | whose price increases at a rate higher than the rate of
               | inflation. A bad defense would be an asset whose price
               | increases at a rate lower than that of inflation.
        
               | Hydraulix989 wrote:
               | Do you really believe real estate should be an
               | investment, rather than a place to live?
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | I absolutely do think it should be an investment and I
               | think treating housing like an investment has
               | substantially increased the quality of housing. A great
               | deal of advances in materials, construction, electrical
               | work, plumbing, you name it... is because housing is
               | treated like an investment and people are willing to
               | spend money to keep their asset in top shape.
               | 
               | Furthermore I believe that investing in real estate
               | promotes those asset owners to contribute to the
               | neighborhoods they've invested in. When you invest in
               | something you are participating in its growth and you're
               | attempting to align your well being with the well being
               | of the asset you're invested in. That's a great thing.
               | 
               | The downside to real estate investment is that it could
               | prevent future people from participation. The solution to
               | that isn't to stop treating real estate as an investment,
               | it's to allow more opportunities for building and to
               | incentivize people to build entirely new communities
               | instead of pigeon holing everyone into a handful of
               | existing mega cities.
        
               | guenthert wrote:
               | > I absolutely do think it should be an investment
               | 
               | I think this is treated differently in different
               | cultures. In Germany, while there is a real-estate as
               | investment market, many people don't (expect to) move
               | much during their lifetime. They buy their home
               | ('Eigenheim') essentially for life (sans the tail end in
               | a nursing home). Still many put a lot of time and money
               | into those houses they don't expect to sell. It's a
               | quality-of-life thing (and some bragging rights). You can
               | (and some do) spend easily a fortune on a kitchen alone.
               | You even find more than one kind of light switch there.
               | 
               | So I'm not quite convinced that real-estate as investment
               | is necessary to drive housing quality.
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | An investment isn't marked by the expectation to rapidly
               | sell. I have many assets that I've held for years and
               | intend to hold for the rest of my life, they are still
               | investments.
               | 
               | I am not an expert on the German real-estate market, but
               | the first search results on Google indicate that Germany
               | has a very active real-estate investment market and that
               | home ownership in Germany is among the lowest in the
               | world, the majority of Germans rent their home.
               | 
               | Either those people are renting from the government, or
               | they are renting from a private landlord, either an
               | individual or a corporation. If they are renting from a
               | private landlord, and once again my very cursory research
               | indicates 96.7% of housing is privately owned, then
               | that's a big sign that the landlord owns the property for
               | the purpose of deriving an income from it. Given that 56%
               | of homes in Germany are rented out (one of the highest
               | rates in the world), that indicates that at a minimum,
               | 56% of homes in Germany satisfy the textbook definition
               | of being investment properties.
        
               | frockington1 wrote:
               | Why not be both?
        
               | lvs wrote:
               | I'm not sure anyone in this thread knows what inflation
               | is. If the cost of housing rises, that is inflationary
               | against all other fungible assets that could be used to
               | purchase housing. That is, one requires a larger quantity
               | of all assets -- dollars, crypto, stocks, bodily fluids,
               | etc. -- to acquire a roof over one's head. Only if the
               | cost to purchase housing is somehow lower by holding
               | value in a particular asset could you get ahead of the
               | inflationary pressure caused by rising housing prices.
               | Too many cryptonuts think inflation just means "money
               | supply." That is play time economics.
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | Inflation as it's being used in this conversation and in
               | general is measured against a specific currency. I mean
               | you could, I suppose, use the term to measure the cost of
               | a specific asset against a basket of other assets, but
               | that is not really standard and if you wish to use it
               | that way you should qualify your usage as such to avoid
               | confusion.
               | 
               | Using your approach you'd end up saying something like
               | Apple is experiencing inflation because its price has
               | gone up more against housing, oil, General Electric
               | stock. Yeah, that could be done, but it's not the way the
               | word is being used in this conversation. We're talking
               | about inflation of US dollars against a basket of goods
               | as measured by the CPI as opposed to talking about an
               | increase in housing costs relative to Apple stock.
        
               | lvs wrote:
               | The only thing you said that is true is in the last
               | sentence. The basket of goods affecting inflation is
               | heavily influenced by the cost of housing. All you care
               | about when holding a store of value is how much of that
               | denominated fungible asset can be exchanged for things
               | you need to live.
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | Ah, so according to you my first sentence is false then?
               | Let's see what a simple Google search yields:
               | 
               | >Inflation is the decrease in the purchasing power of a
               | currency.
               | 
               | >Inflation is the decline of purchasing power of a given
               | currency over time.
               | 
               | >Inflation is a persistent rise in the average level of
               | prices over time in a given currency.
               | 
               | > Inflation occurs when prices rise, decreasing the
               | purchasing power of your dollars.
               | 
               | Those are literally the top search results for
               | "inflation" when I Google the term. Now certainly your
               | Google search for that term may differ from mine and you
               | are certainly welcome to share your findings. Until then
               | I will rest satisfied that my first sentence expressing
               | that inflation is almost always understood to be with
               | respect to a currency is also true.
        
               | lvs wrote:
               | I think you're definitely learning more just reading
               | Google. Enjoy!
        
             | White_Wolf wrote:
             | actually 15% sounds about right and normally would be
             | higher this time because of all the printed money. I would
             | of expected something like 35-45%.
             | 
             | Resistant to inflation means that the price increases
             | roughly with the same % as inflation.
        
           | pingpongchef wrote:
           | Stocks and bonds are still coupled to fiat currencies and
           | will be directly impacted by their perceived deficiencies
           | when compared to crypto.
           | 
           | Hard assets like real estate, land, gold don't fit that bill,
           | but each of their own tradeoffs. Right now cryptocurrencies
           | are making gains against those hard assets so they are more
           | attractive. An investor may wish to diversify among some or
           | all of these options.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | Stocks are not coupled to fiat, fiat is just the common
             | medium of exchange for them. Nobody will stop me from
             | trading my GOOG share for a goat, or a baseball card, if I
             | so choose.
             | 
             | Stocks are coupled to the productive output of the firm the
             | stock is issued by, which is coupled to it's real world
             | productivity - which, again, for convenience is measured in
             | a fiat currency.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Nobody will stop me from trading my GOOG share for a
               | goat, or a baseball card, if I so choose._
               | 
               | Nitpick, but the SEC would object to that. That said,
               | American securities regulation has a unique philosophy,
               | _i.e._ every securities trade must be registered and
               | follow a narrow book of rules unless specifically
               | exempted.
               | 
               | Your broader point, of financial and real assets being
               | proven hedges against inflation, stands.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | The transaction must be denominated in dollars, but must
               | dollars actually change hands? I don't think so.
               | Companies buy other companies with stock issues all the
               | time.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _transaction must be denominated in dollars, but must
               | dollars actually change hands?_
               | 
               | I believe it's the other way around. It can be
               | denominated in anything, but trading _e.g._ the deed to
               | your house for some Apple stock is a no no. (Doesn 't
               | have to be U.S. dollars, though.)
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | tome wrote:
             | No, neither inflation-adjusted bonds nor stocks are
             | "coupled" to fiat currencies. You may argue that RPI is not
             | a true measure of inflation. OK, sure. You may argue it's
             | hard to persuade people to buy a hamburger for $2 when it
             | was $1 last year. But the same applies to cryptocurrency
             | (when it's not in a mass speculative bubble)!
        
         | abakker wrote:
         | I never understand the counter-inflation argument...most
         | economists understand inflation is something to be managed, but
         | it is far from proven that target inflation is bad. There are
         | many useful economic properties of inflation.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, Bitcoin has undergone such massive speculative
         | appreciation that everything around it has deflated in
         | comparison. As a result, bitcoin is spectacularly less useful
         | than it would have been. It is no longer useful as a method of
         | transaction and really only a ledger and store of value.
         | 
         | this inflation argument is specious. It just isn't the problem
         | that demanded an unregulated anonymous deflationary currency.
        
           | seibelj wrote:
           | It has never been proven that deflation is bad - Keynesians
           | claim this is the worst thing in the world, but I still have
           | never had it explained to me coherently way deflation is
           | inherently a bad thing.
        
             | uhhhhhhhhhhhhhh wrote:
             | As the universe expands, so too must our money supply.
        
             | whytaka wrote:
             | Because deflation means less jobs and less jobs means less
             | people being able to buy food, and starving people are
             | dangerous.
             | 
             | Deflation seems good if you're sitting on wealth. You'd be
             | happy to wait things out just buying the basics and let the
             | economy kind of reset from necessities upwards. But lots of
             | other people are starving by that point.
        
               | jl2718 wrote:
               | No. Deflation slaughters the wealthy in the markets. No
               | need for the uprising.
               | 
               | It's great for anybody that can provide a useful service
               | for cash. Especially farmers. Farmers suffered all
               | through the 1920s because they mortgaged their land
               | during WW1 to massively increase supply, and then the
               | demand disappeared. The problem, they said was not
               | starving people, but that food was too cheap! So the big
               | indebted farms banded together to stop food shipments
               | from family farms, and the government responded by giving
               | the big farms a handout.
               | 
               | So no, deflation doesn't mean starving people. I talked
               | to a bunch of old people about this. Work was rare, but
               | you only needed a few unskilled labor hours a week to pay
               | for food and housing, and that was always available. They
               | said life was pretty good if you didn't have a mortgage.
               | 
               | But really we're talking about lack of inflation here.
               | Not deflation. Deflation only and necessarily must occur
               | with inflation preceding it.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | > _Because deflation means less jobs_
               | 
               | Source?
        
               | whytaka wrote:
               | Deflation incentivizes delaying purchases. Less purchases
               | means less revenue. Less revenue means smaller budgets
               | for employed staff.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | That's your opinion - I don't see any source. My opinion
               | is that it doesn't cause less jobs - I think it would
               | eventually cause more sustainable jobs as malinvestment
               | is removed from the economy.
        
               | baq wrote:
               | Deflationary crises were common before the invention of
               | the central bank and fiat currencies. Instead of
               | believing go read some history.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | The historical incidents of deflation are insignificant
               | and very few. The incidents of hyperinflation are common,
               | and incidents of high inflation are guaranteed with fiat
               | currencies with very few exceptions.
        
             | notahacker wrote:
             | Deflation by definition implies means that stuff will be
             | worth less in future than it is now.
             | 
             | This is bad for investors and producers spending money now
             | in the hope of earning more money in future.
             | 
             | On the other hand, simply holding onto cash is risk free,
             | and that cash will have increased purchasing power in
             | future (at the expense of the producers forced into
             | offering lower prices to get money circulating again)
             | 
             | An economic system which deters investment, production and
             | consumption but rewards inactivity is not a healthy one.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | On the contrary, inflation forces you to buy products and
               | invest in things you don't necessarily need, in order to
               | escape the intentional destruction of your wealth. In a
               | world where we are trying to avoid mindless consumption,
               | inflation encourages that.
               | 
               | Deflation doesn't discourage investment and consumption.
               | You still need to eat, have shelter, and pursue
               | happiness. It increases the bar at which you will part
               | with your money, as merely holding it has a high level of
               | return. This is a superior system to me.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | > Deflation doesn't discourage investment and
               | consumption...it increases the bar at which you will part
               | with your money
               | 
               | Euphemistically rephrasing something is not a refutation.
               | Inflation does not make investment decisions "mindless",
               | but deflation does make the average risk adjusted return
               | on an investment negative.
               | 
               | > It increases the bar at which you will part with your
               | money, as merely holding it has a high level of return.
               | This is a superior system to me.
               | 
               | The "high level of return" is at the expense of people
               | who are _not_ freeloading, who are forced to create this
               | return for others by making more stuff for less money.
               | Why is it superior for the monetary system to be designed
               | to reward those who put in no effort and take no risks at
               | the expense of those who do?
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | I am philosophically opposed to a system where by
               | intentional design, everyone's money is debased
               | continuously. It's weird and immoral. You are forcing
               | everyone to be a mini-hedge fund manager, or hire someone
               | else to be one for them, to avoid the government-decision
               | of destroying your wealth. It's just stupid.
               | 
               | You can have an economy with a single dollar, if it can
               | split far enough. Printing new money isn't increasing the
               | total amount of wealth in the world. It is
               | redistribution.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | The fears over deflation are mostly just hand waving
             | without much support from real world data. As a prime
             | example consider computers. How much computing capacity
             | could you purchase for $1000 in 2001 versus today? The
             | deflation in that market has been huge, and yet customers
             | keep buying new computers.
        
             | abakker wrote:
             | the Keynesian wisdom was that Inflation is good for
             | borrowers and that deflation is good for lenders. Most
             | governments are managing for borrowers since borrowers tend
             | to be investing and it has been a long-held economic axiom
             | that investment is good.
             | 
             | Deflation decreases the value of work you have already
             | done.
        
             | seoaeu wrote:
             | Deflation can be devastating to those in debt. If you take
             | out a loan for a house or a tractor, then subsequently
             | discovering that you have to pay back substantially more
             | than you borrowed (before even factoring in interest!)
             | could be quite a shock.
             | 
             | To give a simplified example, if a farmer takes out a $50k
             | loan, then at current prices they might be thinking that
             | can be repaid by selling 10,000 bushels of produce at
             | $5/bushel. However, if there is subsequently 20% deflation,
             | then the price would fall to $4/bushel and the farmer would
             | all of a sudden find they have to sell an additional 2500
             | bushels to get out of debt. If they can't, they risk losing
             | everything to foreclosure.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | Exactly - in a deflationary world debt would be far less
               | common. There would be much wider and typical use of
               | equity, and innovations around equity to make it as
               | common as debt is today.
        
             | karpierz wrote:
             | If your currency deflates, that means a dollar today is
             | worth less than a dollar tomorrow. When you invest money
             | (via loans or buying equity), you trade currency for
             | tangible assets, like stocks or capital.
             | 
             | In order for the investment to make sense, the growth on
             | the asset needs to be larger than the growth of the value
             | of the money, plus risk. So in a deflationary currency,
             | loan interest rates must be higher to be worth it. If loan
             | interest rates are higher, then the cost of doing business
             | increases. If the cost of doing business grows, the price
             | of goods to increases. And when the price of goods
             | increases, this causes the amount of goods sold to drop.
             | This causes the income of the business to drop. Which
             | increases the risk of investment, causing interest rates to
             | go up.
             | 
             | This cycle continues until everyone is holding on to their
             | cash, and no one is spending. The way to break the cycle is
             | to have cash start to lose value, or inflate. Then the
             | interest rates drop, and people start to spend their money.
             | 
             | Another way to think about it is:
             | 
             | Say it costs 1.00$ to make a loaf of bread in 2020. By
             | 2030, there's a robot that can make a loaf of bread for
             | 0.10$ in 2020 dollars. So because society has become more
             | productive in those 10 years, the work you did in 2020 is
             | now worth 0.10$ 2020 dollars. So we can think of a dollar
             | as representing the cost of goods, at the time that you did
             | it. So if you make 1$ worth of bread in 2020, it should be
             | able to buy the same amount of bread in the future. So we
             | inflate the currency 10x, so bread still costs for 1$ in
             | 2030, but now there's 10x the amount of bread to go around,
             | and people make 10x the salary, so for people who are
             | currently making money, bread is 10x cheaper.
             | 
             | Now, you still want some inflation on top of this, since
             | you want to push people away from sitting on money and
             | towards putting that money to productive use. But that's
             | the core rationale.
        
               | ablekh wrote:
               | > The way to break the cycle is to have cash start to
               | lose value, or inflate. Then the interest rates drop, and
               | people start to spend their money.
               | 
               | If people's money starts losing value, the last thing
               | they would do is to be concerned with interest rates.
               | With less valuable money, people would simply be able to
               | afford a smaller consumption basket and, thus, spending
               | will stay flat & consumption will decrease.
               | 
               | > ... people make 10x the salary ...
               | 
               | Where did this come from? Just because the productivity
               | would increase 10x / cost would decrease 10x, it does not
               | mean that _workers_ would receive 100% of the relevant
               | benefits. Most likely, 90%, if not more, of those would
               | be routed to business owners (and robots ' owners, if the
               | machines are leased instead of bought).
        
               | karpierz wrote:
               | > If people's money starts losing value, the last thing
               | they would do is to be concerned with interest rates.
               | With less valuable money, people would simply be able to
               | afford a smaller consumption basket and, thus, spending
               | will stay flat & consumption will decrease.
               | 
               | If your money starts losing value, do you A) put it under
               | the mattress or B) trade it for things that you can
               | either use now or that retain/grow their value in the
               | future?
               | 
               | Now, if you're talking about erosion of wages over,
               | that's less of an issue of inflation, and more an issue
               | of the power dynamic between owners of capital and owners
               | of labour.
               | 
               | > Where did this come from? Just because the productivity
               | would increase 10x / cost would decrease 10x, it does not
               | mean that workers would receive 100% of the relevant
               | benefits. Most likely, 90%, if not more, of those would
               | be routed to business owners (and robots' owners, if the
               | machines are leased instead of bought).
               | 
               | Sorry, I understand the confusion given I used the term
               | 'salary'. I should have said something along the lines of
               | 'value' or 'goods'. The split between workers and owners
               | depends on the surrounding conditions.
               | 
               | The point is that dollars are tokens that represent goods
               | produced, at the time they were produced. Not how much
               | energy or effort went into those goods.
        
               | jl2718 wrote:
               | No. It's worth $10 because you saved your (non-
               | inflationary) money. And you spent the last 10 years
               | making a bread robot instead of working in the financial
               | sector.
               | 
               | And how is 'investing' a productive use of capital? In
               | deflationary regime, business is about cash flow.
               | Inflationary regime investments are all speculation, and
               | everybody has to play the game.
               | 
               | This Keynesian argument comes from a nihilistic disregard
               | for social structures, the environment, and future
               | generations. Look him up. "In the long run, we'll all be
               | dead" - Keynes
        
               | karpierz wrote:
               | Investing is a productive use of cash. Cash is a token
               | that represents the goods produced to earn it. You can
               | redeem it for goods, or lend it to someone if they can
               | make better use of it. If they can make better use of it
               | now, you make a deal that they'll give you more of these
               | tokens later.
               | 
               | If you hold onto cash, it does nothing. If you invest it,
               | either directly, or by giving it to another entity to
               | invest on your behalf (IE, a chequeing account at a bank
               | or mutual fund), it allows someone else to make use of
               | it, and in exchange, you will be repaid with more cash in
               | the future.
        
               | noahtallen wrote:
               | If in a deflationary environment people hold onto their
               | money, then there will be less spending. That means less
               | business income. That means small business close, and big
               | businesses hire less people. That means people get less
               | money, which leads to less spending, etc.
               | 
               | If we want to have something like UBI to take care of
               | income instead of work, that still comes from tax
               | dollars, which relies on economic activity (capital gains
               | from investment, income tax, sales tax, etc).
               | 
               | In other words, less economic activity has specific
               | impact on real world people and how much money they can
               | get. It's not just about investing, not just about
               | billionaires.
        
           | atwebb wrote:
           | Things brings up a side point I can't quite understand.
           | 
           | How does the price of BTC, which is almost infinitely
           | divisible, affect usage?
           | 
           | I see comments like "We're early, price can still rise, etc".
           | Outside of a store of value any usage / institutional use for
           | transactions wouldn't matter right? The BTC is a proxy for
           | the money / collateral on the sides.
           | 
           | If I buy a hamburger with BTC:
           | 
           | If it is settled in BTC then the burger price would adjust
           | often.
           | 
           | If it is settled in anything else, I just adjust the sat /
           | slice of BTC I use.
           | 
           | Am I missing something? Outside of a store of value.
        
             | dia80 wrote:
             | Deflation. The price of the burger in BTC has largely been
             | falling. Why spend your appreciating* bitcoins when they
             | will bu worth more tomorrow. If the price is stable this
             | effect goes away and you might as well spend them.
             | 
             | * Who knows if this will continue
        
             | greycol wrote:
             | Because to complete a bitcoin transaction it needs to be
             | accepted on the block chain.
             | 
             | That incurs a relatively high flat fee (somewhere between
             | $5-$50 dollars in recent times).
             | 
             | It doesn't make sense to pay this fee for small amounts
             | (though is great for large amounts).
             | 
             | You can get around this by using exchanges and the
             | equivalent of credit cards where multiple transactions are
             | rolled up into one wallet to wallet transaction. This comes
             | at the expense of volatility or if your bullish it comes at
             | the expense of having to float a growing bitcoin reserve.
             | 
             | This is not an option for a lot of businesses, basically
             | you need a 3rd party provider for it to make sense for
             | these businesses and realistically that means they're
             | getting cash value at time of trade and it's the provider
             | that is taking on the volatility risk/reward of waiting to
             | trade there bitcoin.
        
           | caeril wrote:
           | > it is far from proven that target inflation is bad
           | 
           | Target inflation is specifically intended to promote
           | consumption. Consumption, particularly in the form of atoms,
           | not bits, is approximately 90% correlated with greenhouse gas
           | emissions, despite all our efforts to roll out renewables.
           | 
           | Setting the "inflation is good" argument alongside an article
           | decrying the climate impact of inflation-resistant currencies
           | is . . . well, it's an interesting take.
           | 
           | Unless and until we are manufacturing/growing and
           | transporting consumptive goods via renewable and sustainable
           | means, promoting inflation is most certainly contrary to
           | climate stability.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | >Target inflation is specifically intended to promote
             | consumption.
             | 
             | No, it's intended to erode debt. Inflation is effectively a
             | transfer of wealth from creditor to debtor.
        
               | api wrote:
               | It does do that, but the primary purpose is to push
               | _investment_. To protect money from inflation you have to
               | put it to work. Wealth is a verb, not a noun.
        
               | dnautics wrote:
               | No, it's a transfer of wealth from saver to debtor,
               | reminding you that the biggest debtors are also
               | creditors.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | No that's not how it works in the typical case. Lenders
               | set their interest rates based on expected future
               | inflation rates over the term of the loan. Debts only
               | really get eroded when interest rates are fixed and
               | actual inflation greatly outpaces expected inflation.
               | Like in the hyper inflation that occurred in Zimbabwe,
               | Venezuela, Serbia, etc.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | Interest rates for most debts are fixed. They are
               | determined by supply and demand, much like any other
               | price.
        
               | murftown wrote:
               | Sure, but what debt does the average person own which is
               | eroded? The money in their bank account.
        
             | abakker wrote:
             | This is valid, but not quite the same. Inflation encourages
             | consumption of Goods. Bitcoin encourages the consumption of
             | goods too. To just maintain bitcoin takes a lot of energy.
             | It is a bigger stretch to blame environmental degradation
             | on the math of inflation than it is to look at the direct
             | environmental costs of actually maintaining the bitcoin
             | network.
             | 
             | inflation encourages investment in renewables. the
             | deflationary nature of bitcoin appreciation means owners of
             | bitcoin are going to defer current investment in renewables
             | because the future value of bitcoin is greater than the
             | present value of clean energy.
        
               | webinvest wrote:
               | Inflation has been encouraging investment in oil and gas
               | companies. Just look at the stock market returns by
               | sector since Jan 2021 and see which one stands out! >.>
               | 
               | Investors like oil & gas because has a low enough Price
               | to EPS ratio to feel like an undervalued safe haven and
               | it still pays dividends like nothing else.
               | 
               | Don't forget: every $100 invested in bitcoin is $100 of
               | bitcoin sold. There is always somebody on the sell-side.
               | When they receive the money, they may also do productive
               | (likely technology-based) work with it.
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | If we are Saying fiat is backed by fighter jets then Bitcoin is
         | backed by selling dangerous fake MDMA. That's if we are getting
         | into that way of arguing which hopefully we are not.
        
           | rybosworld wrote:
           | That's really not a solid argument. Bitcoin doesn't depend on
           | drugs to have value, anymore than the US dollar does.
        
             | bayesian_horse wrote:
             | Bitcoin does seem to depend to a large degree on money
             | laundering and speculation on money laundering.
             | 
             | You might not like it, but that is definitely the reality.
             | Other kinds of currency and investment are a few times more
             | useful as long as you are doing legitimate business.
        
               | quickthrower2 wrote:
               | The Bitcoin network could happy live without those
               | things, as could trade, but price action depends on them.
               | 
               | For example the 10000 BTC pizza was one of the early
               | purchases. If BTC stayed at 0.1c then you could still use
               | it and it was used.
               | 
               | Caveat to this is now the mining infra means that
               | returning to 1c coins would kill Bitcoin as a secure
               | network since no one would mine for profit - the only
               | reason to mine is the 51% attack
        
               | thirtythree wrote:
               | Source?
        
           | Kranar wrote:
           | If you're being serious, the safest drugs were the ones sold
           | online using Bitcoin. The Silk Road was actually an
           | unbelievably reliable and safe way to acquire drugs. A system
           | for rating vendors and reporting issues, incredibly
           | competitive market that put pressure on vendors along with
           | delivery right to your home or the closest post office by the
           | USPS instead of having to either meet a dealer in a sketchy
           | part of town or have them come deliver it to you themselves.
        
           | SkyBelow wrote:
           | Exactly what bitcoin is backed by is something of a mystery
           | for economist to debate. Much of it is people speculating,
           | but I don't see anything unreasonable with saying much of the
           | value, at least pre-speculation, is from its use to carry out
           | illegal transactions. There is some use in other areas so I
           | wouldn't say it was ever entirely the case, but I don't see
           | what's wrong with arguing it was a major factor and is still
           | somewhat of a factor. I do expect between speculation and alt
           | coins better made for hiding activity it is a small and
           | shrinking factor now, but I could be wrong.
        
         | wk_end wrote:
         | I'm not sure if there's a good way to measure how much CO2 is
         | used to enforce fiat, but I very strongly suspect that it's
         | nowhere near as much as Bitcoin requires per economic unit or
         | whatever. Bitcoin's already using several country's worth of
         | CO2 and it's still (compared to fiat) very fringe.
         | 
         | Also bear in mind that much of that CO2 generated by the force
         | you're describing, aside from the people guarding the banks
         | directly, is amortized across all the other things that force
         | guards. Even if fiat were replaced by Bitcoin overnight almost
         | all of it would still need to be around.
        
           | beiller wrote:
           | Bitcoin doesn't use several countries worth of CO2. It has
           | been "calculated" that "cryptocurrency" uses as much
           | electricity as a small country. But that is not Bitcoin.
           | Bitcoin does not use GPUs to mine. They use specialized chips
           | which are far more efficient than GPUs. Etherium is the
           | currency burning all the electricity. Also, you are
           | conflating CO2 with electricity. Which is not correct in my
           | opinion because electricy can generated via nuclear, wind and
           | solar. In fact,any miners migrate to those power generation
           | modes because it's cheaper for them. Electricity price is
           | part of the ROI of mining.
        
         | thatguy0900 wrote:
         | What's stopping a group of people from abducting you and
         | beating you for your bitcoin or breaking into your house when
         | your not home to find and take your wallet? Those same police.
         | That argument doesn't really hold up, it's not like someone
         | can't force you to give them your bitcoins
        
         | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
         | > But the competition is fiat; backed by fighter jets and
         | nukes; literally.
         | 
         | I don't like this meme. Fiat currency is backed by an entire
         | democracy that includes a military, but the key piece here
         | isn't the military, it's the democracy. Despite all the
         | problems in the US and our economic system, the folks in charge
         | of the currency generally have the right mandate (stable
         | employment and stable prices).
        
           | redisman wrote:
           | Bitcoin also runs on infrastructure that is backed by the
           | exact same forces. Networks, electricity, the computers. You
           | couldn't have Bitcoin if those resources weren't protected by
           | your government.
           | 
           | Otherwise I can for example find the top 100 largest Bitcoin
           | miners and walk up to their door with guns and demand all
           | their Bitcoins or I'll blow up the mines.
        
         | andreilys wrote:
         | _And if you want to contest ownership there 's no one to
         | invade, no one to attack; the best you can do is make a fleet
         | and try to mine_
         | 
         | No one except for the owners of major BTC mining operations.
         | 
         | If a state actor, such as China, was motivated enough to
         | identify, capture and coerce these miners it would be pretty
         | easy to perform a 51% attack given that China accounts for
         | around 65% of all bitcoin mining globally.
        
           | dnautics wrote:
           | "pretty easy"? Exactly how do you Envision this attack going
           | down, step by step?
        
             | blake1 wrote:
             | Government agents show up at the data center and confiscate
             | the servers in the mining pool. The coerce the owners into
             | turning over the login credentials.
             | 
             | Or they just deploy their own mining pool.
             | 
             | Or the just tax all of their citizens' cryptos.
             | 
             | They have lots of options, since they have the power of the
             | state behind them.
        
               | c0achmcguirk wrote:
               | That's an awful lot of work to perform a double-spend.
               | Whoopty doo.
        
               | dnautics wrote:
               | Why wouldn't the network soft fork?
        
               | hudon wrote:
               | If stakeholders can manipulate the network to ignore a
               | chain with more work, you've kind of undermined the whole
               | proof-of-work thing and conceded that Bitcoin is
               | ultimately subject to politics just like any other
               | financial system.
        
               | tubbyjr wrote:
               | Semantics, semantics, semantics, that's all your
               | arguments are.
               | 
               | Soft and hard forks are a defensive mechanism against 51%
               | attacks, essentially making them an always losing
               | proposition outside of the immediate-term where the
               | attack is occuring, because the attacker has to expend so
               | much money, and then a simple code change could revert
               | it, which would likely happen in consensus for the
               | network if such a malicious attack would occur. Hence, no
               | rational actor will likely even consider a 51% attack.
        
               | snarf21 wrote:
               | China can rinse/repeat on any soft fork. There is also
               | the ability to block crypto networks at the ISP level.
        
           | paulgb wrote:
           | > it would be pretty easy to perform a 51% attack
           | 
           | Yes, and the elephant in the room with Bitcoin is that it's
           | only going to get easier. Despite the categorization of
           | Bitcoin as non-inflationary, the computational power of the
           | network is currently ~85% subsidized by block rewards that
           | grant miners new coins (i.e., inflation). Once those are
           | diminished through halvings, either transaction costs will
           | have to go up about 7x to match the current incentive, or the
           | network difficulty will come down as miners go offline. If
           | the latter happens, not only will the hash rate go down,
           | there will be a flood of mining hardware on the market as
           | miners exit the game.
           | 
           | Oh, and if "layer two" solutions ever do take off, there will
           | be downward pressure on transaction fees, too.
        
             | hudon wrote:
             | Or the network finds consensus on an algorithm change where
             | the block subsidy keeps going, thereby continuing to pay
             | the miners. The 21 million bitcoin cap isn't as immutable
             | as people claim. It's just that most Bitcoin stakeholders
             | agree to keep it there, for now.
             | 
             | That Bitcoin is some immutable "backed by math" financial
             | system has been a charade all along. It's very much backed
             | by people, and proof-of-work is a Rube Goldberg machine
             | used to distract the tech-literate.
        
               | fphhotchips wrote:
               | Of course the problem with this approach is that (at
               | least part of) the Bitcoin community see it as non-
               | inflationary - see above. So if you remove that cap then
               | the value surely comes down significantly.
        
           | mhluongo wrote:
           | Ha! Look up "user activated soft fork" or "UASF".
           | 
           | Ultimately, Bitcoin is backed by node operators and
           | widespread social consensus. Thinking China can just split
           | and control the network is a pretty serious misunderstanding
           | of the power dynamic in this system.. one we all had
           | demonstrated at the conclusion of the block size wars.
        
             | hudon wrote:
             | > Bitcoin is backed by node operators and widespread social
             | consensus
             | 
             | Satoshi wanted it to be backed by Proof of Work, but now
             | you're saying Bitcoin is backed by social consensus... just
             | like the US Dollar I guess?
        
               | hackinthebochs wrote:
               | Proof of work is just the mechanism to determine social
               | consensus.
        
               | mhluongo wrote:
               | Of course it's backed by social consensus. Money is a
               | social construct, not sure why you're trying to move the
               | goalposts
        
               | jude- wrote:
               | Who cares what Satoshi wanted? He/she/they do not control
               | the system.
        
           | SkyBelow wrote:
           | >If a state actor, such as China, was motivated enough to
           | identify, capture and coerce these miners it would be pretty
           | easy to perform a 51% attack given that China accounts for
           | around 65% of all bitcoin mining globally.
           | 
           | This is because people don't consider it likely. Once it
           | happens, people will move to new crypto and will devalue any
           | crypto that is too centrally mined by a single country.
        
         | khmmr wrote:
         | You do understand that cops and fighter jets and nukes are the
         | only reason why you are not slaving in labor camp for some
         | foreign power? It's a necessity. Bitcoin is useless for
         | anyone's physical safety. As of today is provides almost zero
         | value at all. You could argue, that censorship resistance is
         | helpful for people living in authoritarian regimes but that's
         | about it, so the only value it has comes from it being
         | "illegal" in some region. At the same time Bitcoin is already
         | wasting as much resources as some mid-sized European country.
         | The environmental argument is relevant in every way.
        
         | smeej wrote:
         | This is such an underappreciated point.
         | 
         | U.S. dollars are backed by violence. Bitcoin is backed by math.
         | 
         | I don't know what you want backing _your_ money in the world
         | you hope to leave for future generations, but I know what I
         | want backing mine.
        
           | dionidium wrote:
           | It's not underappreicated; it's facile. _Everything_ you do
           | in society is backed by the state 's monopoly on violence.
           | What are you going to do when I storm into your house with
           | guns, kill your family, and demand access to your wallet?
           | Appeal to math?
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | Given that you would first have to 1) Identify me as a
             | target worth pursuing (not possible from my wallet
             | addresses if I practice adequate sanitizing of inputs); 2)
             | Figure out where I live (also not possible from wallet
             | addresses, or even people who have sent to me); and 3)
             | Verify I even had enough shards of a key accessible to me
             | in my home to transfer funds to you anyway (not to mention
             | 4) Outgun me), all the violence in the world isn't going to
             | bypass the math.
             | 
             | If you're violent enough, nothing is going to protect me or
             | the people I love from you, but that's regardless of
             | whether my money is in Bitcoin or USD. There's no
             | _disadvantage_ for Bitcoin here.
             | 
             | The added difficulty of your obtaining the reward you seek
             | actually reduces your incentive to try. The only incentive
             | to kill me then is blind violence, and I guess you can
             | admit to that motivation if you want, but it's protective
             | for me against anyone less psychotically violent than that.
        
           | tome wrote:
           | What math prevents a big enough group of miners and users
           | rolling back the blockchain?
        
             | jude- wrote:
             | I'd rather that happen to my country's wealth than have it
             | bombed out of existence.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | Seems like a non sequitur and moreover a false dilemma.
        
               | jude- wrote:
               | If the choice is between having my country's wealth
               | destroyed by military invasion, versus being destroyed by
               | someone mining blocks somewhere, I'd take the latter. You
               | asked, not me.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tome wrote:
               | I'm still not quite seeing the argument. Your country
               | could also be bombed out of existence in order to seize
               | or destroy its hashing power. I really don't see how
               | bitcoin being "backed by math" saves you there.
        
               | jude- wrote:
               | It doesn't, obviously. But that's not what you were
               | asking.
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | The sheer cost of spooling up enough hardware and paying
             | for the electricity to run it.
             | 
             | That's literally the entire point of proof of work.
        
           | 2421n wrote:
           | And if I force you to give me your decryption keys or make a
           | transfer at gunpoint, will the math still protect you?
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | It very well might. If I simply don't have enough shards of
             | the key or keys for the multisignature address, sure, you
             | can still kill me, but you can't get the money from me.
             | It's impossible.
             | 
             | You can see my related comment below, but if you're
             | motivated by the money, this protects me. You'll never get
             | it if I'm dead.
             | 
             | If you're motivated by violence, though, nothing protects
             | me. But the same is every bit as true if my money is in
             | USD.
        
             | samatman wrote:
             | Prevention of domestic crime and violent projection of
             | power in international affairs are unrelated uses of the
             | sovereign monopoly on force.
             | 
             | It is reasonable to object to USA's use of the latter while
             | enjoying the benefits of the former. Indeed I do so.
        
         | jonnycomputer wrote:
         | Of course crypto depends on the government. Miners can have
         | their infrastructure investment stolen. Holders of currencies
         | can be robbed, or extorted. The transfer of those currencies
         | pass through infrastructure set up and maintained or regulated
         | by governments.
         | 
         | And frankly, it takes energy to mine, so if crypto became
         | integral to national political and economic interests, there is
         | not going to be any net change in energy politics. You are not
         | unlinking the petroleum and currency in those petrodollars,
         | you're replacing it with something that directly links to two
         | inescapably.
        
         | lmilcin wrote:
         | > Clearly crypto mining is emitting using a lot of power and
         | some of that is CO2.
         | 
         | All of it is CO2. Let me explain.
         | 
         | When you burn energy for bitcoin mining, you don't just use
         | capacity of your local energy producer, you are delaying
         | removal of legacy power producers.
         | 
         | Before a particular power producer (for example burning coal)
         | can be turned off, the capacity must be created from other
         | sources (for example renewable). If you decide to start burning
         | huge amount of energy, before those CO2 guzzlers can be turned
         | off we will now have to build even more capacity -- exactly the
         | amount you are burning to mine bitcoin, but it also means that
         | while this is happening the CO2 is still being emitted.
         | 
         | This assumes that introduction of new renewable sources of
         | energy is independent from bitcoin mining. As far as I know
         | this is true.
         | 
         | Or in other words: if introduction of renewable sources of
         | energy is independent of bitcoin mining, the energy production
         | from these sources is the same regardless of whether the
         | bitcoin mining exists or not. Logically what this means that
         | what is changing is energy production from non-renewable
         | sources and it could be explained that they are working at
         | either higher capacity or their removal is delayed.
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | This is the lump of labor fallacy applied to energy, let's
           | call it the lump of energy fallacy.
           | 
           | Increased demand for energy brings more energy supply into
           | the market. New energy is mostly renewable energy.
           | 
           | Old plants are shut down when they are unprofitable. That can
           | be because they're inherently too expensive to run, because
           | the carbon inputs are being taxed too heavily (I think this
           | is a good one), or because the governing body controlling the
           | physical location of the power plant has declared them
           | illegal (since you can't profitably sell something you're
           | forbidden from selling).
           | 
           | I'm not making the "Bitcoin is good because it drives
           | renewable energy investment" argument, which is too handwavey
           | for my taste. I'm saying your argument is incoherent.
           | 
           | Reducing carbon emissions from power plants is mainly about
           | pricing the externality they generate. Cryptocurrencies, in
           | fact, _any application for that generated power_ , neither
           | harm nor help achieve that outcome. It's irrelevant special
           | pleading, and it's a distraction from this urgent goal.
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | > This assumes that introduction of new renewable sources of
           | energy is independent from bitcoin mining. As far as I know
           | this is true.
           | 
           | It is not. There are marooned renewable energy sources (dams)
           | that have had limited usage (the dams being mainly for flood
           | control) until miners came along. Building high capacity
           | transmission lines to them wasn't economical.
        
             | lmilcin wrote:
             | So where and how much of the mining network utilizes this
             | or similar?
             | 
             | We are looking for at least significant portion of 130TWh
             | the mining network currently uses. I just don't see all
             | those old dams adding anywhere close to 1% of that value
             | (although you have a chance to post your sources).
             | 
             | You see, bitcoin mining currently uses 10x the amount of
             | capacity used by Google and 50% of what _ALL DATACENTERS IN
             | THE WORLD_ are using.
             | 
             | https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-56215787
             | 
             | Your argument doesn't hold any water (pun intended).
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | The "backed by guns" argument ignores the more powerful backing
         | force of a society's _belief_ and actions. Things don 't daily
         | come to the point of us being forced to believe our currency is
         | valuable with guns and nukes, we just created this system
         | because it's one we wanted to live in, and having such a fiat
         | currency makes a lot of things easier. Bitcoin, on the other
         | hand, is using its energy constantly.
        
           | thoughtstheseus wrote:
           | Backed by taxes. You'll always need to pay taxes.
        
         | abrahamepton wrote:
         | This is pretty damn incoherent.
         | 
         | > the core reason for cryptocurrencies; escaping inflation and
         | control
         | 
         | Maybe in a whitepaper. In the real world, it's mostly about
         | speculation and enabling crime.
         | 
         | > Law and order stands on the backs of a lot of stuff and CO2.
         | Bitcoin is an example of one little piece of this not needing
         | all that stuff.
         | 
         | Ok...? This is nonsensical.
         | 
         | > Instead it's protected by this mining fleet. And if you want
         | to contest ownership there's no one to invade, no one to
         | attack; the best you can do is make a fleet and try to mine.
         | 
         | Or someone can beat you up and make you give them your
         | password. Rubber-hose decryption has a long track record and is
         | trivial for the right actor to implement, this isn't some weird
         | edge-case.
         | 
         | > It's a small step in the direction of getting away from all
         | these endless wars and control.
         | 
         | Citation badly needed; how does cryptocurrency "get away from
         | all these endless wars"?
         | 
         | > Carbon tax CO2
         | 
         | Ok, this is correct and not incoherent.
        
           | Tenoke wrote:
           | >enabling crime.
           | 
           | Is this about DNMs? Because last I checked their volume is
           | tiny.
        
             | fphhotchips wrote:
             | Ransomware is a key one, also.
        
           | RinTohsaka wrote:
           | > Maybe in a whitepaper. In the real world, it's mostly about
           | speculation and enabling crime.
           | 
           | Speculation I could agree with... however,
           | 
           | Crime? Really? Got anything to back this up? The vast
           | majority of crime is performed using cash.
           | 
           | https://hodlhard.io/blog/bitcoin-crime/
        
             | thesz wrote:
             | I performed a napkin calculation about percentage of
             | criminal transactions using $100 bills [1].
             | 
             | [1] https://twitter.com/sergueyz/status/1365040381155491841
             | 
             | Quote: "$100 bill spans 22-23 years with about 20
             | operations per year, 450 operations in total, 220 for
             | median. We need to calculate probability p that operation
             | is not illicit. p=0.2^(1/220)=0.9927. Probability that
             | operation is illicit is 1-p=0.0073 or 0.73%."
             | 
             | I was answering clearly biased twit about "only 1% of
             | transactions using bitcoin are criminal and 70%-80% of $100
             | bills are used in criminal transactions". The calculation
             | above is for worst case of 80%. For best case of 70% of
             | transactions are illicit, the probability of single
             | transaction being illicit drops to 0.55% (fifty five
             | hundredths of percent).
             | 
             | Thus, bitcoin carries from one and a third (1.36=1/0.73) to
             | almost twice (1.8=1/0.55) more percentage of illicit
             | transactions than money.
        
               | tubbyjr wrote:
               | How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?
        
             | boc wrote:
             | > Just last week, the United Nations alleged that North
             | Korea was funding its nuclear weapons program using funds
             | from hacked cryptocurrency exchanges, alongside other
             | thefts. The U.N. believes that over $300 million in crypto
             | assets have been stolen by various North Korean hackers.[1]
             | 
             | > Iranian thinktanks have also emphasized the need for the
             | nation's government to use cryptocurrencies to circumvent
             | US-led international sanctions. It now appears that the
             | Office of President Hassan Rouhani has become more serious
             | about using crypto. [2]
             | 
             | A rapidly growing percent of nuclear weapons proliferation
             | is being funded by crypto. That's way worse for the planet
             | than crime performed using cash.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.coindesk.com/doj-charges-3-north-korean-
             | hackers-...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.crowdfundinsider.com/2021/03/172786-iran-
             | is-repo...
        
               | celticninja wrote:
               | What's the issue with Iran using it? Or is it that Iran
               | are just "bad guys" therefore if they use it must be bad.
               | 
               | In that basis let's get rid of nuclear power because Iran
               | use that. I think they also have the internet so while we
               | are at it let's get rid of that.
        
               | chrischen wrote:
               | > In that basis let's get rid of nuclear power because
               | Iran use that.
               | 
               | That's exactly what they did.
        
             | perardi wrote:
             | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333388187_Sex_Drug
             | s...
             | 
             | https://blog.chainalysis.com/reports/darknet-markets-
             | cryptoc...
             | 
             | Anecdotally: people buy lots of drugs using
             | cryptocurrencies. Not that I would _ever_ do such a
             | thing...
        
           | ramphastidae wrote:
           | > Maybe in a whitepaper. In the real world, it's mostly about
           | speculation and enabling crime.
           | 
           | That's the same line authoritarian governments used to
           | demonize encrypted communications.
        
             | apotheon wrote:
             | The real complaint from the surveillance police state is
             | that people use encryption for privacy -- whether it's
             | basic communications privacy (end-to-end encrypted text and
             | voice) or basic financial privacy (cryptocurrencies that
             | aren't being made progressively more trackable).
             | 
             | Part of that "used for crime" shit is about things that are
             | against the law just because nobody reported buying a car
             | or something like that, too.
        
         | lmilcin wrote:
         | There is no "core" reason for cryptocurrencies. This is
         | romantic bullshit perpetuated by people invested in it.
         | 
         | The reality is, as I have predicted long ago, if bitcoin
         | becomes large portion of worlds financial flow it will just be
         | taken over by financial institutions and perverted for their
         | use.
         | 
         | These guys have much more experience at this (ie subverting
         | financial systems) than you can imagine.
         | 
         | Bitcoin is not going to stop wars and bring law and order.
         | 
         | If bitcoin was supposed to be the safest method to move funds
         | around then why people have higher chance of loosing their
         | bitcoin for various reasons than almost any other kind of
         | equity?
         | 
         | You are just naive.
        
           | biolurker1 wrote:
           | Have you ever taken a step back and realizing how much hate
           | is there in your speech and why is it so?
        
         | agentultra wrote:
         | If you want to reduce the number of wars and conflicts there
         | are better, more effective ways.
         | 
         | Work towards ending racism; support young girls, women, and
         | LGBTQ+ folks around the world; support environmental
         | protections and projects that reduce food waste and increase
         | water security; support fiscal policies that reduce wealth
         | inequality; and topple authoritarian dictators and fascists.
         | 
         | In this techno-libertarian utopia when someone defrauds you and
         | steals your crypto-coins your only recourse is to buy the
         | justice you can afford. Exchanges have already done this to
         | folks who've been defrauded and sought recourse.
         | 
         | Regulation and protections are in place to protect consumers
         | just as much as they are there to limit damage from bad actors.
         | 
         | I don't buy this notion that the world would be better off
         | without a central banking system.
        
           | nbardy wrote:
           | > and topple authoritarian dictators and fascists.
           | 
           | This makes the violence worse every time the Americans
           | stumble in and think they know how to fix a country by
           | instilling new leadership.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | >This article seems to intentionally ignore the core reason for
         | cryptocurrencies; escaping inflation and control.
         | 
         | You aren't escaping inflation. You're escaping a savings glut
         | which is the mortal enemy of inflation.
        
         | hakesdev wrote:
         | This. 100%.
         | 
         | Bitcoin (like gold since the gold standard ended) is just a
         | "check" on Fiat currencies and can act as insulation from
         | central banks that issue too much money too quickly.
         | 
         | Fiats will continue to exist alongside bitcoin/cryptos, they'll
         | just eventually have to "compete" a bit more (i.e., not be
         | printed so readily by gov'ts) or else they'll become
         | significantly less relevant.
        
           | bayesian_horse wrote:
           | Or governments will just ban the use of cryptocurrency and
           | instantly marginalize its use.
           | 
           | Lots of good reasons to do so, if only to prevent the
           | democratic power over market regulation becoming "much less
           | relevant".
        
             | hakesdev wrote:
             | It seems to me you've not thought through the game theory
             | of banning cryptocurrency very much.
             | 
             | There's an immediate competitive advantage (in the form of
             | increased business activity & tax revenue) to the first
             | country to adopt clear, consistent rules regards CCs and
             | their use. If a few big countries try to ban it, that
             | competitive advantage becomes even stronger for any country
             | willing to buck the trend.
        
           | lamontcg wrote:
           | Bitcoin is like a decentralized banking system with no
           | controls at all against a systemic bank run. No FDIC or Fed.
           | 
           | It has been small enough that a single Billionaire could bail
           | it out when it got into trouble.
           | 
           | Once you hit the point where it'd take > $10B's to bail out
           | Bitcoin it is going to unwind eventually in a bank run/panic.
           | 
           | This time is not different, and those who fail to understand
           | the past are doomed to repeat it.
           | 
           | And its driven at this point by greed and "number go up".
           | 
           | And the reason why people like it is that they put $10 USD
           | fiat in one day and draw out $100 USD fiat some time down the
           | road, and its that ability to extract fiat from it that it is
           | tied to. It isn't any kind of alternative. Everyone watches
           | how much it climbs in USD denominated terms. Nobody remembers
           | "1 BTC = 1 BTC" even as a joke any more.
           | 
           | Bitcoin is also extremely easy for the vast majority of the
           | population to quit. You don't need it to buy groceries, you
           | don't need it to pay your mortgage or your taxes. When the
           | supply of $USD in the system goes to zero and the price
           | collapses from a large enough height, there will not be any
           | floor to it.
        
             | hakesdev wrote:
             | If you don't understand why competition in monetary
             | commodities is a good thing then... I don't have any time
             | for you.
        
               | lamontcg wrote:
               | If you don't understand why bitcoin isn't [workable]
               | money then... I don't have any time for you.
        
               | hakesdev wrote:
               | that isn't (fortunately) for you to decide ;-)
        
         | jonnycomputer wrote:
         | And frankly, bitcoin is intentionally deflationary, and that is
         | almost certainly bad for economies. Why should I buy now when
         | I'll save money by buying later? Why should I start my business
         | now when my investment capital will be worth more later?
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | The Bitcoin network depends on a global functioning Internet.
         | That depends on all of the defense, government cooperation, etc
         | to stay stable.
        
         | gremlinsinc wrote:
         | I'm not the biggest proponent of bitcoin, some of that is angst
         | from not hodling any, but a lot is I feel it was more of a
         | "concept" or "mvp". Ethereum/Cardano and other newer
         | chains/tech are the actual "reason" for crypto. DeFi, and De-
         | centralized autonomous organizations are the real world-
         | changing things, eventually we could see a coin with automated
         | taxation/basic income and identities (sybil-proof), it could
         | essentially "beat" poverty and income inequality.
         | 
         | Bitcoin is an energy hog, and not very exciting... but don't
         | throw the baby out with the bathwater cause there's TON of
         | exciting research on blockchain that's way better. I think
         | long-term bitcoin may fall out of popularity, esp as all the
         | new things hit w/ ethereum, cardano, and their competitors and
         | all the sub-chains on them and level-2 making it so
         | transactions aren't nearly as costly.
        
         | mhluongo wrote:
         | Thanks for this. The level of discourse around Bitcoin on HN
         | gives me ulcers.. really appreciate the breath of fresh air.
        
         | bourgoin wrote:
         | Why does it make a difference whether your wealth is denoted by
         | USD, Bitcoin, milk caps, or Rai Stones? If tanks roll over your
         | capital city and your countrymen are made to kneel in a row,
         | what good is it that you can refuse to give up the private
         | keys? And how does the medium of exchange have any bearing on
         | nations going to war over control of oil, rare earth minerals,
         | strategic islands?
         | 
         | It seems to me you're implying that the colossal environmental
         | damage inherent to a Bitcoin-driven world economy would be
         | offset by the abolition of militaries, police, and banks, but I
         | don't see how you make that jump. $trillions of military
         | spending are used to secure resources and strategic assets and
         | ensure national security, not to defend against bank robberies.
         | A world without militaries or police is unimaginably different
         | from our world in so many more ways than just the medium of
         | exchange.
         | 
         | And if you can't point guns at people to make them give up part
         | of their pile, how will you implement the CO2 tax?
        
           | nyolfen wrote:
           | the US dollar is backed by the petrodollar arrangement: oil
           | exporters accept dollars for oil in exchange for defense
           | guarantees and other benefits. everyone needs oil, so
           | everyone needs dollars. the dollar is inextricably tied to
           | oil consumption and the US is strategically invested in it.
           | add to this that the US military is the single largest
           | institutional consumer of oil on the planet. there is no
           | coherent argument that bitcoin is worse for the environment
           | than this. bitcoin only wants _cheap_ energy; it is agnostic
           | about what generates it, and incentivizes renewables since
           | they tend to be the cheapest.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Luker88 wrote:
         | > clearly crypto mining is emitting using a lot of power and
         | some of that is CO2. But the competition is fiat; backed by
         | fighter jets and nukes; literally
         | 
         | just 2 points:
         | 
         | * using crypto will not make the military stop existing
         | 
         | * switching to Proof Of Stake would solve almost all bitcoin
         | problems
         | 
         | ...but bitcoin will not even consider keeping PoW and switching
         | to argon2, since the investment of miners in dedicated hardware
         | is too great
         | 
         | So I think honestly the bitcoin community is stuck. It will not
         | change, not even when there are options that would only improve
         | the technology underneath. Still stuck at less than 10
         | transactions/sec, I see.
         | 
         | As a tech enthusiast, bitcoin has lost all its value to me. As
         | an investor, the quick value fluctuations and overall value
         | increase are a great thing.
         | 
         | To me, the conclusion is that bitcoin is not anymore about tech
         | (the project is completely static at this point), it's not
         | about anonymity (it never was anonymous), it's not about
         | distributed stuff (dedicated hardware and search for cheaper
         | power are concentrating mining). It's just about quick
         | investment that gets you money. Everything else feels like a
         | lie.
        
           | jude- wrote:
           | > switching to Proof Of Stake would solve almost all bitcoin
           | problems
           | 
           | This will also create a very severe problem: it makes it so
           | the means of coin production exist solely in the hands of the
           | coin owners today. Those coin owners won't ever sell you
           | enough coins for you to be a competitive staker. At least
           | with PoW, I can make more coins through extrinsic means --
           | i.e. better mining hardware.
        
             | gremlinsinc wrote:
             | I've contemplated the idea of a coin that has a single
             | wallet per person (sybil-proof identities must be
             | implemented), these wallets have a max-limit of 1 billion
             | coins, and coins are minted/staked and applied randomly to
             | the lowest 5%, maybe it'd have a use-it-or-lose-it thing
             | built in as well, where if you just sit on your coins and
             | never have any transactions occur it just assumes you might
             | be a "dead" account and recycles a percentage of your coins
             | for "unuse", and that percentage goes up the longer you are
             | without any transactions until it just redistributes your
             | entire wallet...
             | 
             | Example would be if you had 1 US bank account sitting on a
             | billion, never used it, so the govt is like, well you're
             | not using that so we'll give it to someone else lol.
             | 
             | I personally am against billionaires existing. So, capping
             | a coin at 1 billion or 999 million, makes sense to me - but
             | only if there can ever be only 1 wallet per person. There
             | could maybe be sub-wallets, but these are more like drawers
             | in a dresser where the dresser is the wallet, and the
             | drawers are compartments. Maybe a compartment in the wallet
             | is a joint compartment that you share with a spouse, child,
             | or a business/DAO or some other form of trust...
             | 
             | There's a lot of things possible, that could happen... but
             | I think PoW still makes bad sense, because we do have a
             | global warming issue that is starting to pick up in terms
             | of severity.
        
               | jude- wrote:
               | > (sybil-proof identities must be implemented),
               | 
               | I stopped reading at this point.
        
               | VectorLock wrote:
               | Just solve this one intractable problem and everything
               | else is easy.
        
             | Paradigma11 wrote:
             | 1.) If they dont sell it, its the same as it not existing
             | or having been lost. Liquidity is not a problem in the PoS
             | blockchains that have been operating for years (for example
             | Tezos).
             | 
             | 2.) You have to pay taxes on staking rewards. So unless
             | they intend to lose money they have to sell at least that
             | much.
        
           | temp8964 wrote:
           | One more factor though: path dependency. For historical
           | reason, BTC is the most popular cryptocurrency. Maybe as you
           | said, an altcoin with PoW is a better choice. (Or maybe there
           | are other reasons PoW is not good. Let's just take your
           | statement as true for the sake of discussion.)
           | 
           | But you can't change everybody's mind like turn off a switch.
           | Adoption takes time and change people's mind is difficult,
           | but it doesn't make everyone else to be lying.
        
         | neuralRiot wrote:
         | >This article seems to intentionally ignore the core reason for
         | cryptocurrencies; escaping inflation and control.
         | 
         | Probably the article ignores it but not the governments or
         | corporations who suddenly are worried about the environment.
        
         | gher-shyu3i wrote:
         | Good points. There's also the argument that some of us want
         | nothing to do with interest and usury. And fiat currencies by
         | definition are usurious currencies due to how the government
         | runs its finances.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | The "core reason" for cryptocurrency is to provide
         | decentralized trust, albeit at very high cost. "Escaping
         | inflation and control" is not the issue here; the real upside
         | is to provide a baseline of control by market participants
         | where there's currently none, e.g. in places without a
         | functioning financial system.
         | 
         | Cryptocurrency is _very_ niche tech at best, that most people
         | will have _zero_ use for - but it should nonetheless be
         | available. The OP article does not account for this at all, and
         | is thus extremely misguided.
        
         | samvher wrote:
         | > But the competition is fiat; backed by fighter jets and
         | nukes; literally. How is it that someone can't steal your
         | money? The bank makes sure. How is it the bank can be sure? The
         | cops protect them. How is it the cops aren't overwhelmed? The
         | military protects them.
         | 
         | At first glance, I find this an interesting take and it makes
         | me rethink some things. But I don't think I find it very
         | convincing, or at least it's too exaggerated. Fighter jets and
         | nukes primarily protect physical property and institutions, not
         | cash. The primary purpose of banks is to lend, i.e. to allocate
         | resources, not to protect people's cash. And police don't spend
         | much of their time on currency theft - it's much more about
         | order in public space. A side effect of all these things is a
         | stable society in which cash can thrive (backed by the idea
         | that you can pay your taxes in it).
         | 
         | I'm willing to believe that bitcoin would survive certain modes
         | of societal collapse that fiat currency wouldn't. I'm not sure
         | that those modes are particularly likely to happen.
        
           | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
           | To build a factory to perfectly counterfeit US dollar bills
           | costs a few million dollars. It's certainly within technical
           | abilities of Russia or North Korea. The only thing that stops
           | them building such factory is American nukes.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | Nukes very much did not prevent North Korea from
             | counterfeiting US dollar bills:
             | http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/panorama/3819345.stm
        
               | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
               | The paper dollar still trades on par with electronic
               | dollar, which is the evidence that the breach has not
               | occured.
        
           | kodah wrote:
           | It's a reasonable world view. Our currency is backed by
           | "Trust". Trust in what? A system that is reinforced by all of
           | those things, for stability's sake.
        
           | Jetrel wrote:
           | One point of comparison that's a hell of a point in favor of
           | fiat currencies, is the that because fiat is just based on a
           | really nebulous 'general consensus' rather than any sort of
           | 'hard store of value', the same thing that's a bogeyman (of
           | authorities deciding to cancel out all of your assets by
           | executive decision) can work in reverse.
           | 
           | Most of our forms of fraud protection, like identity theft,
           | bank robbery, etc, basically boil down to the government
           | looking at you and going "boy, that's not fair what happened
           | to you. Even though the closest thing we have to a hard store
           | of value's been taken from you, we're just going to literally
           | rewrite the books and set you back to the state where you had
           | your money." It literally treats storage of money like a
           | database restore.
           | 
           | The beauty of that is they can do that without losing
           | anything (besides slightly inflating the system) - with hard
           | currency (whether gold or BTC), they have to actually deplete
           | their reserve of stored value.
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | The most extreme example of this historically, was the
           | national debt crisis britain had during the south sea bubble,
           | where most of the country got wrapped up in a giant stock-
           | buying scheme for a company that ended up having no value.
           | This ponzi-scheme crashed, and it briefly looked like
           | something like half the country was going to go bankrupt.
           | 
           | What was amazing about it was that the government realized
           | they had absolute executive power, and just forcibly reset
           | the economy. They just decreed that all of the debts related
           | to it were cancelled, and dictated that individual assets
           | which had been collateral for the debt (like people's houses)
           | had to be returned to them. Many instances of "stores of
           | currency value" got wiped out, but the important thing the
           | government provided was a _floor_ - you might have all the
           | money you earned on south sea speculation deleted, but they
           | guaranteed the average person didn 't end up in poverty.
        
             | louwrentius wrote:
             | Thank you for sharing this. I think many people may not
             | know/understand this aspect /feature of our existing
             | banking system and the role of government.
             | 
             | Or they deliberately try to ignore the entire safety
             | mechanism because it goes against their narrative that
             | government control is bad, it collides with this
             | libertarian spiel. All to keep the grift going.
             | 
             | When not understanding or misunderstanding things makes you
             | more money (let's you recruit new 'suckers') a honest
             | discussion will start to become impossible.
        
           | lottin wrote:
           | > Fighter jets and nukes primarily protect physical property
           | and institutions, not cash.
           | 
           | This is basically it. I don't know how bitcoin advocates
           | expect property rights (in fact, _any_ right) to be upheld in
           | the absence of a coercive state. They have become so removed
           | from reality that they don 't see the most obvious things.
        
             | kbelder wrote:
             | I'm expecting that someday, my defense budget will be part
             | of my Amazon Prime fees.
        
             | thedrbrian wrote:
             | > This is basically it. I don't know how bitcoin advocates
             | expect property rights (in fact, any right) to be upheld in
             | the absence of a coercive state. They have become so
             | removed from reality that they don't see the most obvious
             | things.
             | 
             | Errr something something blockchain?
        
             | kurthr wrote:
             | The same way that their super-secret-extra-long password
             | protects them from someone with a wrench. It doesn't.
             | 
             | However, it does make money laundering, speculative kiting,
             | and paying for illegal services easier. Those are arguably
             | the opposite or orthogonal to property rights, but they are
             | useful to the those with money and power.
        
           | ur-whale wrote:
           | > The primary purpose of banks is to lend
           | 
           | This is really not the case anymore in the 21st century,
           | especially with interest rates where they are now.
        
           | vharuck wrote:
           | Exactly. As long as people need land and die when shot, there
           | will be militaries.
        
           | jasode wrote:
           | _> But I don't think I find it very convincing, or at least
           | it's too exaggerated. Fighter jets and nukes primarily
           | protect physical property and institutions, not cash._
           | 
           | Typically, the concept of "military force" like fighter jets,
           | aircraft carriers, etc in criticism about fiat currency
           | (especially $USD) is about _connecting the dots_ to explain
           | the strength of that currency.
           | 
           | E.g., USA gets Saudi Arabia to sell oil _denominated in $USD_
           | and in exchange, Saudi Arabia monarchy gets  "protection"
           | from invasion by enemies like Iraq. This is one concept of
           | the _" petrodollar"_. This military protection requires
           | fighter jets, etc. This makes $USD valuable to acquire by
           | other foreign countries that want to buy oil. In contrast,
           | Bitcoin doesn't need the expense of the military to decree
           | that it's valuable; people just voluntarily agree to exchange
           | it for value. (E.g. exchange 10000 bitcoins for 2 large
           | pizzas.[1])
           | 
           | The (wasted?) energy for defending the $USD is more
           | _diffused_ among different institutions so it 's harder to
           | measure -- and thus harder to criticize. In any case, energy
           | usage also includes the Treasury Dept's Secret Service anti-
           | counterfeiting force running around the world to stop fake
           | currency. The Bureau of Engraving that prints the sheets of
           | paper currency. US Mint stamping coins. All the above require
           | enormous energy expenditure as well. Then you have the energy
           | costs of the Fed Reserve, member banks, etc all doing
           | settlement with each other and the associated security
           | systems to protect from hacking. Bitcoin doesn't need any of
           | that. Does bitcoin use more or less energy than the
           | _collective sum of energy to maintain integrity of $USD_? I
           | have no idea. What 's the best complete accounting of the
           | carbon footprint for $USD?
           | 
           | [1] https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=137.0
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | I think you can only really fairly compare the energy use
             | to the physical infrastructure of the $USD (and/or other
             | currencies) because the defense of the Petrodollar also
             | defends general energy usage which all industries and
             | organizations benefit from. Oil is used for plastics in
             | medicine, computers, cars, fuel, fertilizer, you name it.
             | The defense of the Petrodollar would be a defense of all of
             | those things. From an energy standpoint can you fairly
             | proportion out what energy is used to defend the $USD by
             | industry or in a more succinct way?
             | 
             | The fact that Nvidia can create chips for GPUs, and Amazon
             | can package them up and deliver them and all your other
             | computer parts to your front door is also subsidized by the
             | Petrodollar. Everything is!
             | 
             | If the U.S. just stopped defending the Petrodollar, it's
             | not like the $USD just goes away or ceases to be valuable.
             | The fighter jets don't disappear or stop being made.
             | 
             | It's also slowly becoming outdated. The U.S. is a net
             | exporter of energy and the shale revolution has made the
             | Middle East just a bit less important.
             | 
             | Anyway - I don't think it's a great exercise to compare
             | Bitcoin energy usage to the "energy usage" of the $USD
             | exactly because it's so difficult to really measure. You
             | also have to think forward a little bit - as
             | cryptocurrencies proliferate more companies will arise
             | around new technologies, custodianship, etc. so when we
             | talk about some abstract number of people in an office
             | _now_ supporting the $USD, we have no idea what the future
             | number of people supporting the cryptocurrency networks
             | will be in the future - it might actually create more jobs
             | _and_ more energy usage.
             | 
             | I see one real advantage to Cryptocurrency: protection
             | against government misuse of monetary policy.
             | 
             | But aside from that, it's still up in the air for me to see
             | how things go. The $USD is a pretty good currency (mostly
             | holds value in the short term, accepted everywhere, highly
             | liquid), but it isn't a phenomenal store of value. All of
             | these fiat currencies and cryptocurrencies are going to be
             | competing in an arena and it's going to be interesting to
             | watch.
        
             | pas wrote:
             | Not just denominated, settled. They literally want USD for
             | their oil instead of SAR (riyal). (Sure, SAR is pegged to
             | USD.)
             | 
             | Here's a very thought provoking article about the "dollar
             | system": https://phenomenalworld.org/analysis/the-class-
             | politics-of-t...
        
               | selectodude wrote:
               | Why would they want riyal for their oil? That would cause
               | massive price action and destabilize their currency
               | causing wild swings in the value of the riyal depending
               | on the demand for oil. The last thing in the world an
               | export economy wants is a currency that becomes stupidly
               | expensive when people want it and worthless when people
               | don't. Settling in dollars allows for a stable riyal.
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | The "exorbitant privilege"? You mean the exorbitant
               | privilege to create government debt to cancel out a
               | savings glut? I've never understood this argument. I
               | always heard how the USA is "riding" or "abusing" the US
               | to achieve some nefarious goal when from my perspective
               | it was always the inverse.
               | 
               | Since I lacked the necessary knowledge I tried to think
               | about how the effects work from first principles and I
               | always came to the same conclusion. When it helps it does
               | nothing and when it hurts the downsides are grave and a
               | strong economy is necessary to just be able to counteract
               | the effects of the exorbitant burden. This is compared to
               | the misguided idea that the dollar having the global
               | reserve "status" as some benefit that helps the USA.
               | 
               | Global reserve status is basically equivalent to a
               | partial currency union similar to the eurozone. There are
               | two potential effects. Either your currency becomes
               | stronger than the average currency in the currency union
               | or your currency becomes weaker. Germany is "riding" the
               | effect of a weaker euro to export goods and thus creates
               | a savings glut in the nations it is exporting goods to.
               | The reserve situation is that your currency becomes
               | stronger than it should be. You get nations like Greece
               | or Spain that are struggling with debt because additional
               | savings can only exist if there is a debt somewhere to
               | balance savings and investments.
               | 
               | Once I started reading up on the downsides [0] of having
               | your currency be a major global reserve currency it
               | pretty much confirmed everything and it made the
               | situation completely hopeless. There are no good answers
               | here. The hands of the USA are tied and the situation is
               | pretty dire.
               | 
               | The USA obviously has a stronger currency than it would
               | usually have. This means importing products from overseas
               | becomes the obvious choice and domestic consumption is
               | avoided. The weak demand causes unemployment and now you
               | are at the ultimate economic dilemma. Do you create
               | government debt to create investments for the savings
               | glut or do you let people become unemployed so that
               | domestic savings go down to make room for foreign
               | savings? The only choice is to just do endless deficit
               | spending thanks to the "exorbitant privilege". It's not
               | really a choice.
               | 
               | [0]
               | https://carnegieendowment.org/chinafinancialmarkets/56856
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | I honestly don't understand your comment. You're comparing
             | two completely different things. Bitcoin mining protects
             | the currency.
             | 
             | Meanwhile you talk about the USA securing its access to oil
             | by using a potent "weapon" called the US dollar, delivered
             | by the US military. The dollar isn't what's being
             | protected, what's being protected is the entire economic
             | system of the USA that is dependent on oil. If it was
             | really about the dollar then the USA could protect it
             | within its own borders. The US dollar is already strong
             | enough as it is.
             | 
             | Comparing these completely different things makes no sense.
             | There is no Bitcoin nation.
        
               | hackinthebochs wrote:
               | > The dollar isn't what's being protected, what's being
               | protected is the entire economic system of the USA that
               | is dependent on oil.
               | 
               | The two are inextricably linked. You could not run an
               | economy of this size without a currency to underpin
               | trading value and denominating debt. So defending the
               | strength of the economy is defending the strength of the
               | currency the economy is denominated in.
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | The "mining fleet", if it uses computers, requires electricity.
         | Who controls the supply and sale of electricity.
         | 
         | Nothing against desire to solve world problems but Bitcoin
         | seems to be creating more problems than it purports to solve.
         | 
         | The author calls cryptocurrencies a "predatory investment
         | scheme". In practice, is this not correct. Is it not the lack
         | of "law and order" with respect to cryptocurrencies that allows
         | for this to occur. Please explain. Show me how cryptocurrency
         | is solving world problems. Evidence, not speculation.
         | 
         | When I was young people said that "money" itself was the root
         | of all evil. Today, people online try to convince us that "fiat
         | currency" is the problem. It does not feel like the same
         | idealism.
         | 
         | The original Satoshi paper made his idea sound like it would be
         | possible to implement as peer-to-peer^1 without third parties.
         | All the implementations I have seen to date involve third
         | parties. Doubtful a coincidence that the third parties are all
         | profiting from that involvement.
         | 
         | 1. The term now has multiple meanings. Here it is used in the
         | original, Napster sense. Peer-to-peer networking, not, e.g.,
         | peer-to-peer financial.
        
         | Lazare wrote:
         | > I no longer think the environmental argument is really
         | plausible here. Clearly crypto mining is emitting using a lot
         | of power and some of that is CO2. But the competition is fiat;
         | backed by fighter jets and nukes; literally.
         | 
         | That seems like a non-sequitur. Proof of work crypto generates
         | an astonishing large amount of CO2 to little effect. Some other
         | alternatives are bad in other ways, yes, but that doesn't make
         | the CO2 go away.
         | 
         | I live in a small, peaceful, stable country with a very small
         | military and very safe banks. If you're _really_ trying to make
         | some sort of argument that fiat currencies can 't exist without
         | a significant CO2 expenditure to try and enforce neoliberal
         | orthodoxy at the barrel of a gun then that is very obviously
         | untrue.
         | 
         | > Instead it's protected by this mining fleet. And if you want
         | to contest ownership there's no one to invade
         | 
         | So your argument is that nobody will steal my fiat currency
         | from my electronic wallet (aka, bank account) because of the
         | police, but nobody will steal my crypto currency from my
         | electronic wallet because of their respect for pure math; no
         | need for law and order?
         | 
         | Respectfully, you might want to try and develop that argument a
         | _little_ further.
         | 
         | > It's a small step in the direction of getting away from all
         | these endless wars and control.
         | 
         | Key driver of most wars is resources, especially energy, not
         | _money_. I 'm confident that we are not collectively dumb
         | enough as a species to end up in a state where we're fighting
         | wars to obtain energy resources to fuel blockchain mining, but
         | that is a thing that can theoretically happen.
         | 
         | I think you're falling prey to the is/ought distinction. It
         | would be _nice_ if crypto currencies could somehow create world
         | peace, resolve the contradictions of late stage capitalism,
         | cure cancer,  <fill in your dream here>. But they obviously
         | can't, and I would suggest pretending otherwise is pointless.
        
         | VectorLock wrote:
         | >And if you want to contest ownership there's no one to invade,
         | no one to attack; the best you can do is make a fleet and try
         | to mine
         | 
         | Or with all the mining concentrated in China, you can, as the
         | Chinese government, take state ownership of all those miners
         | and don't have to spend a jet or nuke to do it.
        
       | CynicusRex wrote:
       | I don't understand why people can't see it's all one big pyramid
       | scheme. The early 'adopters' pay small amounts of money for a big
       | percentage of the total amount of 'coins', and the late
       | 'adopters' pay large amounts of money for a small percentage of
       | the total amount of 'coins'. And once people have it, they have
       | every incentive to get as many people to buy it as well, because
       | only then they profit.
       | 
       | A blanket ban is a good idea. This cancer deserves no place in
       | the economy.
        
       | jamal-kumar wrote:
       | I usually see people who have a lot of disparaging things to say
       | about stuff they clearly have a misunderstanding of as missing
       | out on the fun. Also he doesn't seem to realize that despite
       | lauding Japan's payment infrastructure that SBI Holdings utilizes
       | ripple to make the remittances go fast... they're probably going
       | to end up relocating in that country, leaving the USA even
       | further in the dust
       | 
       | https://www.coindesk.com/japan-xrp-ripple-suit
        
       | endisneigh wrote:
       | So if the whole world went to crypto (particularly one with a
       | fixed amount) and something like the Great Depression happened
       | what would the governments do to provide stimulus? Or is the idea
       | that governments never do so?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | arrosenberg wrote:
       | This is America, banning things rarely works as intended. A
       | carbon tax solves this problem just fine.
        
         | colinmhayes wrote:
         | Miners would just move to China.
        
           | sremani wrote:
           | They are already there. US will not be the first country to
           | ban Crypto. The countries that are facing acute Capital
           | flight post-corona would do that. US will use its regulatory
           | regime to firewall crypto into its own thing. But if BTC
           | becomes a threat to USD in a realistic way (which is not
           | evident in medium term), then game on!
        
         | edouard-harris wrote:
         | > This is America
         | 
         | Note that the author of the post is based in London, UK:
         | https://www.stephendiehl.com/
        
           | ur-whale wrote:
           | > Note that the author of the post is based in London
           | 
           | But clearly positions himself as as USian.
        
       | jb775 wrote:
       | To anyone who thinks a ban would never happen, look into how the
       | US govt banned gold ownership after the great depression.
        
         | djschnei wrote:
         | I lost my keys in a boating accident!
        
       | hakesdev wrote:
       | Bitcoin (like gold since the gold standard ended) is just a
       | "check" on Fiat currencies and can act as insulation from central
       | banks that issue too much money too quickly.
       | 
       | Fiats will continue to exist alongside bitcoin/cryptos, they'll
       | just eventually have to "compete" a bit more (i.e., not be
       | printed so readily by gov'ts) or else they'll become
       | significantly less relevant.
        
         | frockington1 wrote:
         | With $1.9 trillion freshly printed for 'covid relief' and
         | another $4 trillion on the way in the form of 'infrastructure',
         | fiat will likely face more competition by the end of the year
        
       | stopBurncoins wrote:
       | So yesterday in HN we linked to a medium post of mine where I
       | expanded on the problems of Proof of work, and linked to a
       | change.org petition to ban proof of work to force projects move
       | to proof of stake.
       | 
       | It got flagged, but nice to see that somehow the argument itself
       | is not that unapproachable, so I'll link the petition here:
       | https://www.change.org/StopBurncoins
       | 
       | It's full of links on the issue of power, carbon pollution and
       | more.
       | 
       | IMHO the problem is not cryptocoins themselves as is suggested
       | here, but just proof of work
        
       | boring_twenties wrote:
       | So what's the alternative? We just accept that Paypal & friends
       | get to be the final, unaccountable arbiters of who gets to
       | transact online?
       | 
       | That's wholly unacceptable.
        
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