[HN Gopher] Whistleblower: Ubiquiti Breach "Catastrophic"
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Whistleblower: Ubiquiti Breach "Catastrophic"
        
       Author : parsecs
       Score  : 1903 points
       Date   : 2021-03-30 18:11 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (krebsonsecurity.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (krebsonsecurity.com)
        
       | noinsight wrote:
       | > "Ubiquiti had negligent logging (no access logging on
       | databases) so it was unable to prove or disprove what they
       | accessed"
       | 
       | Perversely, this is exactly the logging that you want to have in
       | place in case of a breach.
       | 
       | You can then (factually) make the statement that "we have no
       | evidence any customer data was accessed."
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | Most places I've worked say - do not read other people's
         | patents.
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | Better solution: never store unencrypted PII/PCI/PHI/etc. in
         | the database. There are loads of tokenization solutions (Very
         | Good Security got a bunch of buzz a couple years back) that do
         | this, or alternatively all of the big cloud providers have key
         | services (KMS on AWS and Google, Key Vault on Azure) so that
         | you can ensure that every decryption attempt is tracked and
         | logged.
         | 
         | If you need to search on some of this data you should use blind
         | indexes (Google blind index for more info).
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | Aka plausibile deniability
        
           | chillfox wrote:
           | I have never ever seen "plausible deniability" keep someone
           | out of trouble. I have seen attempts at applying it several
           | times, but never successfully.
           | 
           | As an excuse for why to not do the right thing I really hate
           | "plausible deniability".
        
             | abraae wrote:
             | You're joking right?
             | 
             | I don't live in the US but I've watched as plausible
             | deniability had been deployed there at the very highest
             | levels, with great success, for 4 years.
        
             | g_p wrote:
             | Under GDPR, a failure to know about (detect) a breach (and
             | then report it yourself) is in itself a violation.
             | Likewise, failing to have suitable organisational and
             | technical measures in place to protect the data is a
             | breach.
             | 
             | I'd certainly argue your inability to account for
             | processing operations after having been breached through
             | lacking knowledge of what was done due to a lack of logs
             | was therefore a breach.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | jasonhansel wrote:
         | "We believe that the hackers obtained read-write access to our
         | database, but we also believe that they were too polite to
         | actually use it for anything."
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | "Hacker came in through the server hard-line" <-- HollyWoods
           | favorite Hacker Trope.
        
         | tinus_hn wrote:
         | Why, they also have no evidence now!
        
         | Traster wrote:
         | That works for exactly as long as the data hasn't come out.
         | Once the data comes out... well, you've got questions to
         | answer.
        
         | cced wrote:
         | Can you provide more information regarding a system that can
         | log these types of breaches (and all other activity, as
         | required) and that would be deemed "safe" and reliable post-
         | breach? i.e.: A system that can provide logging and that can
         | *assert* that all logs, even in the event of a breach, are
         | asserted CIA?
        
           | grit-t wrote:
           | AWS offers object locking, which is similar to a WORM drive
           | (Write Once Read Many). This prevents logs from being
           | deleted. The other approach is to ship logs to another AWS
           | account.
           | 
           | https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/storage/protecting-data-with-
           | am...
        
             | neoncontrails wrote:
             | Thanks. I was a bit puzzled earlier why AWS was so
             | insistent about enabling object locking, my specific use
             | case doesn't profit from remote versioning at all. But I
             | can see how this would mitigate log integrity concerns.
             | I'll definitely enable it for that.
        
         | maliegrl wrote:
         | Ubiquiti's response is not surprising. Of course they would lie
         | and deflect about the severity of the attack. They have
         | terrible customer support and awful software update
         | communications; besides, they are hostile to analysts and the
         | press. Either Ubiquiti made false material statements, or the
         | company is negligent. In both cases, it will get them into hot
         | water.
        
           | jart wrote:
           | In Ubiquiti's defense, I once brought a disclosure to their
           | attention on Twitter a few years back and they very swiftly
           | issued an update. I guess things have gone downhill since
           | then. It boggles the mind why a company whose core business
           | is catering to the self-hosting crowd, would try to force
           | self-hosters onto its cloud plantation, when it can't even
           | protect its own house.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | williamsmj wrote:
         | Reminds me a little bit of Adverse Event Reporting in pharma.
         | If a drug manufacturer finds out about an adverse event (i.e. a
         | bad reaction) to a drug, it kicks off all sorts of obligations
         | that have the potential to be time-consuming and expensive. So
         | pharma is the one sector you won't see with a "social media
         | listening/analysis" department in marketing. They actively
         | avoid tracking or learning about discussion of their products
         | on social media.
        
           | vxNsr wrote:
           | I worked for a pharma co for a while, they did have a social
           | media listening department in marketing, also we were trained
           | to report any discussion of the company at all to a special
           | investigations unit that would follow up.
        
             | La1n wrote:
             | As someone who works in pharma currently, I have seen the
             | same. The pharmacovigilance unit does search the
             | internet/social media for AE's, off-label use, etc
             | (depending on region). Secondly every single person in the
             | company also needs to report events when they see/hear/read
             | them. So not having that social-media department wouldn't
             | be doing much, not all thousands of employees can/will/want
             | to avoid social media.
        
               | williamsmj wrote:
               | Thanks. I can well believe my experience (ca. 2014) is a
               | little outdated. I would imagine they is still quite
               | difficult to sell social listening into as a sector, but
               | it makes sense that eventually you have to take your head
               | out of the sand.
        
           | anchpop wrote:
           | Sounds like a case of poor incentives. It's easy to wag our
           | fingers and say "well they shouldn't be doing that" but
           | difficult to come up with a system of incentives that makes
           | everyone want to do what's socially beneficial. In this case,
           | it seems like there should be a separate organization in
           | charge of looking for adverse events that is rewarded for
           | finding events (instead of punished). We use some strategies
           | like this currently when regulating the finance industry
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | baaym wrote:
         | Ironically they can factually make that statement now as well.
        
       | meepmorp wrote:
       | > Adam says the attacker(s) had access to privileged credentials
       | that were previously stored in the LastPass account of a Ubiquiti
       | IT employee, and gained root administrator access to all Ubiquiti
       | AWS accounts, including all S3 data buckets, all application
       | logs, all databases, all user database credentials, and secrets
       | required to forge single sign-on (SSO) cookies.
       | 
       | A root user user breach, seemingly on the organization main
       | account. Ouch.
       | 
       | I wonder if MFA was set up, with the TOTP creds also kept in
       | LastPass.
        
         | isclever wrote:
         | This boggles me when I see this option in any password manager
         | (and I think every single one has this 'option').
         | 
         | Why do password managers let people store TOTP next to the
         | password, this completely invalidates the 2FA of TOTP if your
         | password manager get broken into.
        
           | Marsymars wrote:
           | > Why do password managers let people store TOTP next to the
           | password
           | 
           | One absolutely invaluable use-case is that it lets multiple
           | employees share access to an account with 2FA enabled.
           | 
           | Many systems don't have appropriate role/permission systems
           | to allow for 2FA otherwise.
        
           | mdavidn wrote:
           | The alternative is to navigate 100 separate token reset
           | processes if you ever lose your phone and all of its TOTP
           | tokens.
        
             | nucleardog wrote:
             | Or just keep them somewhere that isn't directly beside the
             | password?
             | 
             | I have my password in a password database, and my TOTP
             | tokens on my phone and a Yubikey.
             | 
             | I have a second "break glass in case of emergency" password
             | database that contains TOTP secrets for all my most
             | essential accounts and a backup of the key loaded on my
             | Yubikey.
        
           | artful-hacker wrote:
           | Because I already use MFA to access my password manager in
           | the first place, and don't want to deal with managing backups
           | for each flavor of MFA app that is pushed on me.
        
             | nightpool wrote:
             | How do you manage MFA for encryption-at-rest? None of the
             | common TOTP systems do this. LastPass and 1Pass have built-
             | in "local encryption keys", but they're stored in the same
             | place as the store and only protected by your password. I
             | think theoretically you could set this up with Keepass
             | using a Composite Master Key (combining a password-
             | protected key and a certificate-protected key, storing the
             | certificate separately, ideally in an HKM), but I don't
             | know anyone who does this.
        
           | Xavdidtheshadow wrote:
           | > this completely invalidates the 2FA of TOTP if your
           | password manager get broken into
           | 
           | I think that's the big "if". If you assume the password
           | manager is secure (which something clearly wasn't in this
           | case, but that seems like an outlier), TOTP secret in the
           | password manager still secures the account.
           | 
           | Is such a setup as protective as a separate storage method?
           | No, but it's leagues more convenient. A cloud-based PW
           | manager also solves the problem of a lost/broken/new phone
           | causing you to lose all of your 2FA setups. Some 2FA apps do
           | as well (Authy, iirc), but trust me when I say people lose
           | 2FA codes _all the time_. And then 2FA needs to be disabled
           | by support, which is its own can of worms.
           | 
           | The best security measures are the ones people actually use.
           | If not having to use a separate app is the convenience people
           | need, then I think it's totally worth it.
        
             | MAGZine wrote:
             | You know what's also convenient? 1FA.
             | 
             | Which, incidentally, when you store you TOTP secrets with
             | your passwords, is what you have.
        
               | amarshall wrote:
               | I mean, if the password manager's store is compromised,
               | then sure, okay. But if only the application password is
               | compromised then it's still 2FA since the attacker cannot
               | authenticate with just the password.
        
               | MAGZine wrote:
               | I see what you're saying, but I disagree.
               | 
               | The F in 2FA is factor. Satisfying one login request from
               | one factor (password vault) is 1FA. This is why the
               | second factor is normally something that isn't your
               | password vault (historically your head, now a piece of
               | software): a hardware key, a recovery code, etc.
               | 
               | A slightly more generous interpretation is 1.49A (rounds
               | down), because someone with a reused username/password
               | combination. But if you're using a vault with a
               | sophisticated factor, the venn diagram of "people who
               | have your password," and "people who also have your
               | master password," are pretty tight, except for cases
               | where the provide has been breached (all bets are off).
               | 
               | Don't dispose of the second factor for convenience.
        
         | liaukovv wrote:
         | What is the right way store credentials to something like this?
         | 
         | Hardware keys?
        
           | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
           | For AWS root account?
           | 
           | Generate a long random password, print it out and then lock
           | it in a safe without allowing anyone to see it.
           | 
           | Turn on 2FA and then lock the second factor in a different
           | safe.
           | 
           | There's virtually never a need for the root account and it's
           | impossible to attenuate (by design).
        
             | dmlittle wrote:
             | This is a lot harder to do if you have lots of AWS accounts
             | and create new ones over time on-demand (e.g. AWS account
             | per team).
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | Use Organizations. If you're creating new standalone
               | independent accounts for teams you're just seeking
               | yourself up for some kind of billing/security/governance
               | catastrophe down the road.
        
               | dmlittle wrote:
               | I was referring to the root accounts in your
               | organization. The blast radius is more limited, but still
               | a root account that has access to everything within that
               | AWS account.
        
               | time0ut wrote:
               | You can restrict what the root account can do in a member
               | account using SCPs as an additional safeguard as well.
        
             | ericopf wrote:
             | Printing out the AWS root password and putting in a safe is
             | almost useless. Root password can be easily reset without
             | MFA by having access to the email associated to the root
             | AWS account.
             | 
             | MFA is the important one to keep it safe for AWS root
             | accounts, set for the master AWS account and lock root
             | access for all member accounts via SCPs.
        
           | ak217 wrote:
           | The root account credentials should be used to create a
           | privileged IAM user and then physically locked away in a box
           | after setting up a hardware MFA device (plus a backup MFA)
           | for the root account:
           | https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/best-
           | practi...
           | 
           | The privileged IAM user should then be used to administer
           | other IAM users and roles. All IAM users should be required
           | to have hardware security keys like Yubikey.
        
             | liaukovv wrote:
             | But how fast a determined attacker will be able to utilize
             | acquired physical key?
             | 
             | Is something like kidnapping in the threat model for
             | companies like ubiquiti?
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | > Is something like kidnapping in the threat model for
               | companies like ubiquiti?
               | 
               | I doubt it. That's going to raise some blinking red flags
               | on the radar of organizations you don't want to be on the
               | radar of. Not just three-letter federal organizations,
               | but three-letter news organizations too. The current
               | situation is Yet Another Security Breach that will be
               | forgotten about in 15 minutes. But a kidnapping is
               | interesting! People will be making documentaries and shit
               | about that.
               | 
               | It's so much easier and cheaper to bribe people than it
               | is to kidnap them.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ak217 wrote:
               | Those kinds of fanciful things are not commonly in threat
               | models because they don't happen. The threat models
               | address things that are likely to happen, which are all
               | variations of someone's device getting compromised.
        
             | the8472 wrote:
             | > (plus a backup MFA)
             | 
             | IAM doesn't even let you register more than 1 MFA device.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | AWS SSO does now, thankfully.
        
               | ryan29 wrote:
               | I have accounts for personal use and what I did was set
               | up TOTP for the root account(s) and a U2F (YubiKey)
               | device for the admin account(s). I use 2 YubiKeys; one
               | primary, one spare. The YubiKey has limited TOTP space,
               | but they're perfect for those types of high value
               | accounts. You store the TOTP on both, so if you lose one
               | you can use the root account to fix the admin account.
        
               | ak217 wrote:
               | If I were a CISO solving this problem today, I would just
               | use TOTP instead of U2F, and store the secret in two
               | places.
               | 
               | Longer term I expect AWS will add this capability.
        
           | jrudolph wrote:
           | AWS root user accounts are kind of an achillis heel in every
           | enterprise setup using AWS. What you typically do is MFA
           | (bare minimum) + sharded secrets. This means you need
           | multiple people to use the root user account. You can also
           | hook in additional audit controls eg by automating cloud
           | watch and sending notifications about any root user login.
           | Alternative is that you throw away the password and vow to
           | never use it, or set up an account recovery process (all of
           | this may not be a great idea as it can fail when you need it
           | most).
           | 
           | The situation is somewhat more relaxed with GCP Billing
           | Accounts and Azure EA Accounts, though they have better
           | separation of concerns than AWS (billing vs. workload
           | access). Nonetheless, never give these passwords to finance
           | department lest they store it in an excel sheet on a
           | SharePoint. Access to these credentials allows anyone to
           | suspend billing for an entire enterprise... not sure what
           | controls the providers have in place to verify any of this
           | before initiating automated shutdown of all workloads.
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | Hardware keys should be used to store stuff like:
           | 
           | - private keys for ssh, gpg, vpn auth
           | 
           | - 2fa for sudo access, password manager access, etc
        
           | meepmorp wrote:
           | I use a Yubikey, personally.
        
       | Arrath wrote:
       | Shit, I had plans to refresh the network infrastructure in my
       | parent's place with a full ubiquiti setup to replace the years of
       | added on junk.
        
         | Terretta wrote:
         | Parent's place?
         | 
         | Go Eero Pro.
         | 
         | Your future time management self will thank you.
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | I'll take a look at it, but also note that I need in total:
           | 
           | Router, Wifi AP (probably two to get full coverage),
           | Powerline extender, Point-to-point extender with a switch on
           | the other end.
           | 
           | Stupid outbuildings. Anyway, thanks for the tip!
        
             | Terretta wrote:
             | Decent chance you don't need all that.
             | 
             | Eero Pro (not standard) kit comes with 3 identical boxes,
             | each with a third radio band for backhaul mesh, each can be
             | wired or wireless as well.
             | 
             | https://evanmccann.net/blog/eero-vs-eero-pro
             | 
             | See comparison table illustration here:
             | 
             | https://evanmccann.net/blog/2021/2/eero-6-vs-eero-6-pro
             | 
             | Not sure if still the case, but last time I dug into it,
             | eero was also the only consumer grade software-defined-
             | radio router/ap, allowing them to rapidly patch for various
             | vulns that others couldn't necessarily or took much longer
             | for.
        
           | cced wrote:
           | Does their gear have any cloud offerings?
        
           | pseudalopex wrote:
           | Eero is cloud managed too. And reports MAC addresses and
           | network usage to Amazon.
        
       | xoa wrote:
       | I wish I could say I was surprised :(. Along with a bunch of
       | other people who've used their products for a decade or more now,
       | I've been watching the ever steepening downward spiral of the
       | company really becoming noticeable over the last 3-4 years. In an
       | academic way, it's actually been kind of fascinating to watch
       | happen in real time over the course of years with fairly front
       | room seats. Seeing the deepening technical debt (lots of _very_
       | old hardware still sold as new with no replacements in sight,
       | inability to migrate their frameworks or keep their sources up to
       | date and more), bikeshedding ramp up and up, the forums start to
       | fall apart, marketing starting to write more and more checks
       | development couldn 't keep up with and then that getting brushed
       | under the rug (the SHD and it's dedicated security radio comes to
       | mind), the forums getting nuked entirely in favor of a horrible
       | New Web thing with even worse bug/feature tracking then before
       | and there wasn't any proper one before, ever worsening stability,
       | universally hated UI changes that would just get shoved through
       | anyway, and on and on. It's been everything one reads about,
       | "Ubiquiti's Burning Platform" and all that, and in turn seems
       | like it should be avoidable. Yet on it ground with sickening
       | inevitability. It's just now finally starting to reach critical
       | mass and become visible to the more general public, spreading
       | through the same tech grapevine that gave them such a boost in
       | the first place.
       | 
       | But less academically it's depressing as hell too, because the
       | grapevine liked them for good reason and there still isn't any
       | drop in replacement. Their p2p/p2mp gear is still solid. And
       | UniFi was a wonderful concept solidly executed. It also eschewed
       | the subscription/cloud bullshit so many other players are
       | chasing, which indeed is something of a saving grace here. While
       | there is a cloud option, lots (if not most) people can and do run
       | their UniFi networks completely self-hosted even for remote
       | sites. The single pane of glass, ease of provisioning and
       | recovery, etc made sense and saved time. And they had an
       | incredibly enthusiastic and supportive community, like when they
       | asked about moving L3 switching way back on the old forums (back
       | when the rot was in its earliest stages and not clear yet) they
       | got huge amounts of feedback, their beta testing had many people
       | putting in a lot of good work.
       | 
       | Such a damn stupid waste. And the nature of the beast for tech
       | infrastructure is that market signals are always behind the curve
       | and thus muted until things are already getting to be too late.
       | Robert Pera also owns the majority of their stock IIRC so there
       | isn't any way to effect an outside management change there
       | either. It is odd to me that nobody has sought to go after them
       | directly and aggressively, though I heard rumblings late last
       | year that Cisco was giving a go at something clearly aimed right
       | at the UniFi market (no subscriptions like Meraki)?
       | 
       | At any rate, final straw for me on routing was the flop their
       | "UXG" has been, I finally gave up at long last and began
       | migrating everything to OPNsense a month back. And once the
       | single pane of glass is broken, the barrier to start moving more
       | drops in turn and network effects (harhar) begin to go into
       | reverse. I'd still be happy if they somehow recovered, but if
       | they do I think it'll be a long time. Problems that build for
       | years tend to take years to reverse too, if they can be. I hope
       | we get some stories someday internally on how it all went down.
        
       | outerspace wrote:
       | The most disconcerting part for me is the fact that the attackers
       | gained full access to one of the administrators' LastPass
       | account. I would love to know how that happened.
        
       | commonoddity wrote:
       | DrayTek!! why haven't they been mentioned yet? All the comments
       | are openwrt, Mikrotik, Linksys...
        
         | andremedeiros wrote:
         | They're super hard to find in NA, I think. Love their products
         | tho.
        
       | smileybarry wrote:
       | Yikes. I have a (Ubiquiti) EdgeRouter X that I previously used
       | for a fiber setup (and it's shelved now because it doesn't like
       | this ISP's modem), had planned to get a ER-4 later down the road.
       | Been on the fence for any of their APs for months upon months,
       | now I'm glad I bought neither.
       | 
       | Technically EdgeRouter gear is unaffected as it's very cloud-
       | optional, but I can't bring myself to trust any firmware from
       | them at this point. It supports OpenWRT so I guess I'll install
       | it and go back to OpenWRT.
       | 
       | I see this thread already has people discussing alternatives, so
       | I won't ask for ones -- just had to put it out there that if you
       | own an EdgeRouter, chances are that OpenWRT has a build for it.
        
       | lazyweb wrote:
       | Yeah my few Unifi devices (and the controller SW instance) are
       | already restricted to their own VLAN, but I'm going to disable
       | outgoing internet access as well.
        
       | gorgoiler wrote:
       | It seems naive to want to talk to the press under a pseudonym --
       | _Adam_ , in this case.
       | 
       | When looking for leakers internal security auditors don't need
       | proof you are _Adam_ in order to fire you. They just put enough
       | pressure on the most likely Adams such that they quit.
       | 
       | You will be one of them. If another Adam does so, so be it. Your
       | actions likely flushed the other leaker when you thought you were
       | the only one. You won't be able to handle the pressure. Neither
       | could she.
       | 
       | Adieu, _Adam_ , et al.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | I wouldn't be surprised if Adam has already left the building.
        
       | sterlinm wrote:
       | The description of the incident in their quarterly financial
       | statement seems to match this description. It doesn't downplay it
       | quite as much as the email they sent customers.
       | 
       | > For example, in January 2021, we became aware that certain of
       | our information technology systems hosted by a third party cloud
       | provider were improperly accessed and certain of our source code
       | and the credentials used to access the information technology
       | systems themselves had been compromised. We received a threat to
       | publicly release these materials unless we made a payment, which
       | we have not done. As a result, it is possible that the source
       | code and other information could be publicly disclosed or made
       | available to our competitors. Due to the nature of the source
       | code and the other information that we believe was improperly
       | accessed, we at this time do not believe that any public
       | disclosure will have a material adverse effect on our business or
       | operations, but it is impossible to gauge the precise impact of
       | any such disclosure. We have taken, and will continue to take,
       | steps to remediate access controls to our information technology
       | systems.
       | 
       | http://ir.ui.com/sites/default/files/2021-02/ui-10q-12-31-20...
        
       | greggman3 wrote:
       | Is there a market for good networking equipment? If Ubiquiti was
       | it and it's gone, and reading this thread there are no good
       | alternatives, then it sounds like there is an opportunity for a
       | new company.
        
       | heavyset_go wrote:
       | At least for home networking, I'll always pick something I can
       | throw OpenWRT on over a managed service, subscription or closed-
       | source option.
       | 
       | In the 15 years I've been using OpenWRT, I have never been
       | disappointed with it, and I don't have to worry about some
       | company's "secure" backdoor into my network being exploited.
        
         | christophilus wrote:
         | I'd like to know what you recommend. I'm running asus routers
         | at home, but would like an option that's easier to upgrade.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | Mikrotik hardware if you're looking for hardware you can
           | upgrade.
           | 
           | I haven't found the need to upgrade my hardware in a couple
           | of years so I don't know what the market currently looks
           | like. I'd just look on the OpenWRT wiki or forum and see what
           | is best supported and buy that.
           | 
           | Also, Atheros radios are generally supported really well on
           | Linux, so I stick with hardware that has an Atheros chipset
           | over something with a Broadcom radio.
        
         | vorpalhex wrote:
         | What prosumer level OpenWRT devices do you recommend? I don't
         | want to flash a subpar consumer router.
        
           | rubatuga wrote:
           | I'm using an WRT1200ac to great success. Just make sure to
           | set your 5GHz network to a non-DFS channel.
        
       | skeletonjelly wrote:
       | Interesting to see what Troy Hunt does next considering they send
       | him free stuff[1] and he speaks highly of them. He's so far only
       | said it's "obviously a _really_ bad look "[2]
       | 
       | 1. https://www.troyhunt.com/friends-dont-let-friends-use-
       | dodgy-...
       | 
       | 2. https://twitter.com/troyhunt/status/1376998711318863880
        
         | koluna wrote:
         | I'm not holding my breath. Troy is a consultant. If they sent
         | him that much free gear, what, he's gonna backpedal and say
         | "I'm removing everything UBNT out of my network"? Definitely
         | not. "That's a bad look" is a understatement for the giant
         | cluster that this is.
        
       | eutropia wrote:
       | > Ubiquiti's stock price has grown remarkably since the company's
       | breach disclosure Jan. 16. After a brief dip following the news,
       | Ubiquiti's shares have surged from $243 on Jan. 13 to $370 as of
       | today. By market close Tuesday, UI had slipped to $349.
       | 
       | Aaannd this is why we can't have nice things. Like trust in our
       | vendors. Or security. Or consequences.
        
       | eqvinox wrote:
       | I am extremely relieved none of our Ubiquiti devices are set up
       | for this cloud shit. (We use the PtP stuff, not the APs, the
       | cloud bits are optional there.)
       | 
       | Then again we have a "clear skies" policy & wouldn't have bought
       | anything that requires cloud blah. (Which covers a whole bunch of
       | other vendors too, looking at you Cisco "SmartLicense")
        
         | vageli wrote:
         | What is a "clear skies" policy?
        
           | remir wrote:
           | I'm guessing clear sky as in no clouds, meaning stuff should
           | like AP/network management must remain on premise.
        
             | eqvinox wrote:
             | Indeed it is a pun on a cloud-free sky.
        
       | H8crilA wrote:
       | By the way, reporting to krebsonsecurity is a giant waste of
       | potential income. This is what the SEC whistleblower program is
       | for. You get paid for submissions there that lead to successful
       | enforcement actions, and the payouts can be very substantial.
       | Furthermore because payouts exist, there's an industry of
       | competent lawyers that will happily take cases with compensation
       | coming exclusively from your payout.
       | 
       | Also, how is this a securities case? The company did not disclose
       | the scale of the breach to shareholders.
        
         | beervirus wrote:
         | > how is this a securities case?
         | 
         | Everything is securities fraud.[0]
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-06-26/everyt...
        
           | vxNsr wrote:
           | OP was asking a rhetorical question.
        
             | beervirus wrote:
             | Oh I know. And he already answered it anyway.
        
         | LilBytes wrote:
         | https://finance.yahoo.com/news/shareholder-alert-ubiquiti-in...
         | 
         | It's already started.
         | 
         | 'SHAREHOLDER ALERT: Ubiquiti, Inc. Investigated for Possible
         | Securities Laws Violations by Block & Leviton LLP; Investors
         | Should Contact the Firm'
        
           | H8crilA wrote:
           | The point is that if _you_ deliver useful securities case to
           | the SEC you can get paid. But it must be something the
           | authorities don 't already know. And yes, when the truth
           | comes out about something like there will be a securities
           | case.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | crocsarecool wrote:
       | I reached out to Ubiquiti because we never got an email to rotate
       | our passwords, and they told me I wouldn't get an email unless I
       | was using "Ubiquiti verified SSO."
        
       | esaym wrote:
       | I looked into Ubiquiti years ago while trying to find a decent
       | access point. Couldn't stand the thought of having to configure
       | stuff "in the cloud" or running the then giant Java based
       | controller locally.
       | 
       | Floundered some with random enterprise access points used off of
       | ebay that either drew too much power or was still buggy (netgear
       | was the worst).
       | 
       | Then I came across Mikrotik. Their hardware and conformance is
       | somewhat dated, but I've never had anything run so stable.
       | Haven't looked back and been going on 4 years now.
        
       | GekkePrutser wrote:
       | Wow I'm glad I'm not using their cloud option at all. I still
       | have one of the old USGs. So I never had to.
        
       | seneca wrote:
       | There was just a thread[1] yesterday about them starting to serve
       | ads in their UI. It seems this company is rapidly losing
       | credibility.
       | 
       | I have had plans kicking around for a bit over a year to do a
       | full build out using their products, and just within that time it
       | seems like they've gone from a glowing reputation to severely
       | tarnished. Unfortunate, as it seems like they once had great
       | products.
       | 
       | 1: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26628198
        
       | dandare wrote:
       | Why is the blog not adopted to mobile screen readability?
        
       | markwillis82 wrote:
       | Was days away from refitting my home out with PS2,000 of gear.
       | Any other recommendations for routers, wifi and security cameras?
        
         | ruph123 wrote:
         | For router check out the Turris Omnia [0]. Seems to be a good
         | choice.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.turris.com/en/omnia/overview/
        
           | pkaye wrote:
           | That looks pretty nice. Too bad I didn't see this a week
           | earlier since I just upgrade my home network last week.
        
         | aborsy wrote:
         | For firewall, I suggest an OPNSense box. You could run it on a
         | thin client, a Protectli etc.
         | 
         | For AP, OpenWRT seems decent.
        
         | pseudalopex wrote:
         | Mikrotik is the most common recommendation probably but wifi
         | speed is a problem apparently.
         | 
         | There were some other suggestions in yesterday's Ubiquiti
         | discussion.[1]
         | 
         | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26628198
        
         | tecleandor wrote:
         | I use Mikrotik (or OpenWRT) for routers, but Mikrotik is not
         | that good on WiFi. Peeople recommend Ruckus, but it's pretty
         | expensive (and not that easy to get second hand in Europe, or
         | Spain at least).
         | 
         | Is there any (good) brand with pricing between Mikrotik and a
         | Ruckus that doesn't need a cloud connection?
        
           | mr_woozy wrote:
           | Is it not possible to just add in a separate WAP to the
           | MikroTik device ?
        
           | ghostpepper wrote:
           | Can you elaborate on your experience with Mikrotik wifi? What
           | don't you like about it?
        
         | stevenjgarner wrote:
         | I have happily upgraded several homes from Mikrotik and/or
         | Ubiquiti to Eero mesh - https://eero.com/
        
           | Haemm0r wrote:
           | "an amazon company" already makes some warning lights blink
           | in my head. Do they have cloud integration of any kind?
        
             | pseudalopex wrote:
             | It's cloud managed and sends network information to Amazon.
        
       | accountofme wrote:
       | OK, well ubiquiti is dead to me now. Good news for me, their
       | unifi line of aps is supported by openwrt... :)
        
       | dataminded wrote:
       | Thank you Adam. You saved me thousands, I was seriously
       | considering a network upgrade.
        
       | whereis wrote:
       | The simple interpretation is that lawyers know that the law
       | offers no consumer protections in these scenarios, and tried to
       | use that to protect the corporation. Morals aside, and assuming
       | their assessment about such legal boundaries was correct, they
       | were simply doing their jobs.
       | 
       | The system may be broken, but a patch is necessary, and that is
       | only going to arise via legislation. Sadly, the system of
       | governance is also broken, so I expect this will be closed with
       | status "WONTFIX".
        
       | busymom0 wrote:
       | > Ubiquiti's stock price has grown remarkably since the company's
       | breach disclosure Jan. 16. After a brief dip following the news,
       | Ubiquiti's shares have surged from $243 on Jan. 13 to $370 as of
       | today. By market close Tuesday, UI had slipped to $349.
       | 
       | Until these companies are held massively accountable for such
       | negligence, nothing will change. Similar to what happened to
       | Facebook and all they had to do was pay chump change fines.
        
       | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
       | Are you affected even if you never pressed the "Add to UNMS
       | Cloud" button?
       | 
       | I never did because I thought it looked like asking to get pwned.
        
       | myrandomcomment wrote:
       | You are required to have internet access to setup something like
       | the UDM-Pro. After it is setup you can create a local admin
       | account and disable remote access.
       | 
       | Here is how:
       | 
       | 1. Login with your online account credentials and password 2.
       | Choose system settings 3. Choose advanced 4. Disable Remote
       | Access 5. Confirm that "Transfer owner" won't be available if you
       | disable remote access.
       | 
       | The issue in general is that the UniFi stuff can be crappy and
       | buggy, but it SUCKS LESS then any other complete solution for a
       | home / small enterprise there at the price point.
       | 
       | I personally used to given them a strong recommendation and even
       | now that is a recommendation with some footnotes. They have been
       | growing to fast and the SW quality has gone down. Being on the
       | latest release is not always the best idea.
       | 
       | To be fair in my I have had many conversation with Cisco that
       | started with "no, not the latest GA, but what is the latest
       | proven STABLE GA."
        
         | tenacious_tuna wrote:
         | Just verifying my understanding: this will make it impossible
         | to reach the device from ui.com or otherwise off-network, but
         | an attacker could:
         | 
         | 1. use leaked SSO keys to forge an SSO token
         | 
         | 2. craft a malicious webpage
         | 
         | 3. get an unsuspecting UDMP user (e.g., me) to navigate to that
         | page
         | 
         | 4. run scripts on that page that would access & interact with
         | the UDMP from the browser within the network, using the forged
         | SSO
         | 
         | Is this still a possible vector? Presumably UI would have
         | rotated their SSO keys by now, but since there's no way to
         | disable SSO-based login to the UDMP....
        
           | myrandomcomment wrote:
           | So SSO is disabled here. You just use a local account. IE, I
           | go to https://192.168.27.1 to get to my UDMP and the account
           | to auth is locally stored.
        
             | tenacious_tuna wrote:
             | Hmm, I followed your steps and my ui.com account can still
             | log into the device.
             | 
             | I have also created a local account, that I can use to log
             | in alongside my ui.com one, but I cannot disable my ui.com
             | SSO from being able to sign into the device.
        
               | myrandomcomment wrote:
               | Let's make sure we are talking about the same thing.
               | 
               | You have local and SSO account.
               | 
               | You disable remote access in your local cloud key.
               | 
               | You open the local IP for the CK and are able to sign in
               | using the SSO account is what you are saying, so auth
               | token is coming from remote.
               | 
               | Question if I got this correct, can you go to the ui.com
               | portal, the UI cloud based one in a web browser do you
               | see the controller still? Can you login and still manage
               | it through the remote web portal? This is what turning
               | off remote access does. You should not be able to manage
               | the system remotely.
               | 
               | Disabling remote access is for the remote web base ui
               | site portal and that should not work after you disable
               | remote access (my understanding). It is possible that you
               | can connect to the local controller and use SSO to
               | authorize vs web and be passed a valid token to login
               | however that would be local only and not remote. Ie the
               | hacker would have to have your SSO AND be on your local
               | network.
               | 
               | Have you tired / are you able to delete the SSO account
               | in the local CK? I have not tried but will later.
               | 
               | Hope that makes sense.
        
           | TimTheTinker wrote:
           | The difference is that the attack you suggest has to be
           | _targeted_
        
         | rgharris wrote:
         | I just did this for a controller that is hosted on a VM (via
         | the new controller UI), I went through a couple of additional
         | steps.
         | 
         | 1. Disable "Enable Remote Access"
         | 
         | 2. Setup SMTP (since disabling remote access stops routing
         | emails through Ubiquiti's backend)
         | 
         | 3. Create a new admin not tied to a cloud Ubiquiti account (via
         | "Administrators")
         | 
         | 4. Disable "Sync Local Admin with Ubiquiti SSO" (the older UI
         | says "Enable Local Login with UBNT Account")
         | 
         | 5. Delete the old admin account
         | 
         | Steps 3 and 5 may not really be necessary, but I did to be
         | safe.
        
       | dec0dedab0de wrote:
       | Cloud managed anything has a giant red target painted on it.
       | Especially infrastructure equipment. I'm still surprised anyone
       | think's it's ok to use their ISP provided router and wifi, let
       | alone having it be managed remotely by the manufacturer.
        
         | zerkten wrote:
         | The problem is that on-prem isn't much better in many cases.
         | Only the largest organizations have the capability to operate
         | deep defenses against these threats whether it's the cloud, or
         | the on-prem.
         | 
         | If you and your team have the skills you can operate fairly
         | effectively on a small scale, but that's a pretty luxurious
         | situation. Most home users can't tell the difference between a
         | router and cable modem hence it's in the interest of cable
         | providers to lower support costs by providing a managed
         | offering. It's terrible from a security perspective, but
         | customers have signed that away.
         | 
         | The common theme running through these breaches is that the
         | organization isn't necessarily small, but they aren't
         | Google/Apple/Microsoft-size either. Those companies have
         | multiple layers of expertise and the cash flow to hold up
         | development of anything in order to make sure things are
         | secure. It's hard to wing stuff once the bureaucracy
         | understands security is needed. They even start pushing their
         | product security initiatives outside of product development to
         | mundane departments because they get attacked by very smart
         | actors. You can see from the news it's still far from perfect.
         | 
         | Once you get to companies the size of Ubiquiti, you start
         | having challenges with implementing close to the same degree of
         | security because you don't have float in the system to allow
         | for additional costs, delays, etc. on top of the lack of
         | expertise. Apparently Ubiquiti have been hemorrhaging expertise
         | in other areas due to opportunistic cost-cutting, so it isn't a
         | surprise that they suffer and respond in this way given that
         | culture. A bad security decision by one exec in companies of
         | this size can cut across many departments which doesn't happen
         | in the behemoths.
        
           | dec0dedab0de wrote:
           | on-prem is much better in most cases because if there is a
           | bug an attacker would have to scan the internet and find you
           | before a patch is released and you update. If that bug is
           | only accessible from inside of your network to begin with,
           | then that means the attacker would already have to be inside
           | your network.
           | 
           | As far as the team having skills, there is not much that
           | ubiquity does that can't be handled on prem, I mean you're
           | already installing physical devices, how much more effort is
           | it to install a controller? Sure, that means you're on the
           | hook for upgrades, but in most cases you're better off not
           | getting them instantly anyway.
           | 
           | And to clarify my point about ISP gear, I agree that the
           | average user can't be expected to understand or care. I meant
           | so called technical users.
        
             | andsens wrote:
             | > on-prem is much better in most cases
             | 
             | Counterpoint: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Microsoft_
             | Exchange_Server...
        
           | pseudalopex wrote:
           | The problem isn't Ubiquiti using AWS. It's Ubquiti forcing
           | customers to use cloud authentication.
        
             | zerkten wrote:
             | I didn't make the claim that there is a problem with
             | Ubiquiti using AWS. The problem is that the conditions
             | exist for Ubiquiti to fail with cloud authentication.
             | 
             | If hadn't failed with that it'd have failed in another way.
             | Perhaps that failing wouldn't have been as bad in other
             | cases, but we already see how their products have declined
             | for the same reasons.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | Without cloud authentication the only way to mass
               | compromise Ubiquiti devices would be to compromise
               | software updates. Which companies do a better job
               | securing usually.
        
             | arbitrage wrote:
             | Let's be honest, there are a lot of problems here.
        
           | xoa wrote:
           | > _The problem is that on-prem isn 't much better in many
           | cases. Only the largest organizations have the capability to
           | operate deep defenses against these threats whether it's the
           | cloud, or the on-prem._
           | 
           | One of the truly sad things about all this though is
           | precisely that UniFi made this a lot easier for small orgs
           | and even individuals (and could have gone even farther).
           | Stuff like VLANs and RADIUS became dramatically more
           | accessible "for free", using just what was built-in to a
           | UniFi stack someone might get anyway. Back when they were
           | still more competent Ubiquiti added management VLAN support
           | across the lineup, and the setup is fairly intuitive and then
           | just works. At one point I'd hoped they'd continue in that
           | direction much more. It's not some impossible thing, it
           | mainly just needs better UX putting the pieces together in a
           | graspable way. Graphical VLAN topologies and point-and-click,
           | automating all the certificate authentication/signing stuff,
           | the generation of profiles for onboarding, all the components
           | for this stuff exist right now just not, well, unified.
           | 
           | I think a lot of places don't _want to_ in fact, because they
           | 'd rather push cloud ties since that can yield subscription
           | revenue.
        
       | rrauenza wrote:
       | What's your exposure if you had a cloud key enabled for remote
       | access, but now disabled? Sounds like anything is possible if
       | they compromised the cloud key (which is a device, not a "key")
        
       | tjoff wrote:
       | Is there any reason to worry if you run a local controller that
       | doesn't have any connection to a cloud account?
        
       | mrslave wrote:
       | What is good cheap consumer gear for putting OpenWRT on? Similar
       | to WRT54G was, back in the day.
        
         | bogwog wrote:
         | T-mobile sold a bunch of rebranded asus routers a couple of
         | years back that are still excellent today and can be had for
         | pretty cheap. Comes with some shitty tmobile spyware I think,
         | but you can flash openwrt on it.
         | 
         | Speed tests are pretty unreliable, but the peak unobstructed
         | wifi speeds I've gotten from that have been better than what I
         | get from my Unifi 6 lite, which supports wifi 6, even on wifi 6
         | devices. (couple hundred mbps on a home gigabit plan from Nazi
         | Germany I mean Comcast)
         | 
         | EDIT: it's called the T-Mobile AC-1900
        
           | mrslave wrote:
           | Thanks for the tip. This is a rebranded Asus RT-AC68U and in
           | the $200 sweet spot. Unfortunately it's a Broadcom-based
           | device which means OpenWRT support is limited, but apparently
           | DD-WRT has better support[0]:
           | 
           | > DD-WRT has a license agreement and NDA in place with
           | Broadcom that allow usage of better, proprietary, closed
           | source wireless drivers (binary blobs) which they are not
           | allowed to redistribute freely.
           | 
           | [0] https://openwrt.org/toh/asus/rt-ac68u
        
         | bmurphy1976 wrote:
         | I have a TP-Link Archer C7, a Linksys WRT3200ACM, and a Netgear
         | R7800. I've used all 3 as my primary device on my network
         | running OpenWRT.
         | 
         | I bought the TP-Link first. It worked, but it's an underpowered
         | device and it was struggling to keep up with all the devices on
         | my network. It also has a MIPS chip so it couldn't some ARM
         | only software I wanted to use.
         | 
         | I replaced it with the Linksys. I had nothing but problems with
         | it. It was fast and reliable using the Linksys firmware (but
         | functionality was severely limited). When running OpenWRT it
         | was a buggy disaster. One example problem, it would randomly
         | start dropping bonjour packets for no explicable reason thus
         | preventing my wife from being able to print from her iPhone. It
         | had to go.
         | 
         | I was about ready to give up on my OpenWRT dream, but I took
         | one last chance and bought the Netgear for cheap off of eBay.
         | It's great. It's fast, it's reliable, and so far it just works
         | (been running it for a year now).
         | 
         | So the C7 is good if your needs are limited, but I really do
         | recommend the R7800. It's a very nice device and you can
         | probably find it for cheap on eBay like I did.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | If they would have stayed with the on-premise model, this would
       | have never happened.
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | It is interesting to do a search of HN for past references to
       | "Ubiquiti". Whenever the topic of routers came up, many comments
       | followed that recommended them above any alternatives. Commenters
       | seemed proud to tell the world they were using Ubiquiti, as if
       | the "HN concensus" for home routers was to choose Ubiquiti.
       | 
       | It seemed to me Ubiquiti would never allow customers the option
       | to install their own OS (e.g., BSD) or boot from external media
       | containing a non-Ubiquiti OS, without sacrificing the benefits of
       | hardware specs that were likely deciding factors in selecting the
       | Ubiquiti hardware above existing alternatives. The intent was
       | clearly to have Ubiquiti retain control over the hardware after
       | purchase. The customer effectively remained tied to Ubiquiti
       | forever, so if the company started serving ads, using AWS
       | unnecessarily, etc., there's no way to opt out. Customer is
       | compelled to accept all updates.
       | 
       | Specs are important, but maybe not as important as control.
       | 
       | Reliance on third parties necessarily increases potential risk.
       | Unnecessary use of third parties is, IMO, poor decision-making.
       | This is of course rampant in "tech" and, IMO, marks a triumph of
       | the salesforce for those third parties over common sense,
       | possibly assisted by network effects. Further, I dislike products
       | where there is a heavy focus on opaque "updates". Again, many
       | customers have been trained to believe that not updating is
       | always the wrong decision. (Meanwhile they have no idea what is
       | in each update.)
       | 
       | As stated in one of the blog post comments:
       | 
       | "It is even worse: Ubiquiti forced all users to use cloud-based
       | authentification even for accessing your controller software on a
       | local network with a local client. This was not even properly
       | communicated but deployed by one of the regular maintenance
       | updates."
        
         | myrandomcomment wrote:
         | I do not understand this comment.
         | 
         | Ubiquiti sells turn key HW and there never was any hint that
         | this was HW you could roll you own on.
         | 
         | I could buy APs that I could install OpenWRT. I could setup an
         | OpenBSD firewall. I could run my own DNS. I have done all this
         | in the past. The point is I do not want to anymore. I have
         | better things to do with my time. So as a turn key solution
         | that is "prosumer" their kit works and I think you will find
         | that is why most people here have recommend it.
         | 
         | You can disable the Cloud connection and I posted how in this
         | thread. People on HN are tech savvy enough I sort that part.
         | 
         | The fact of the matter is they had a bad security breach and
         | they have a cloud connected platform. Ops. That sucks. But the
         | reality is that market forces have pretty much tied evaluations
         | to cloud connections and telemetry gathered from it. That is
         | the part that REALLY sucks. I do not blame them for trying to
         | make money. I am angry if they were less then truthful in the
         | details of the breach and I am sure both the SEC and the court
         | of public option with punish them.
         | 
         | For my part, I have no plans to replace the 4 switches in my
         | house with boxes running SONiC nor the 4 APs with OpenWRT or my
         | firewall with OpenBSD because I just really do not care to have
         | to maintain it, and if I drop dead tomorrow my wife can likely
         | sort the UniFi stuff (as I have documentation on the setup) but
         | there is no way could she sort the roll you own.
        
         | tjoff wrote:
         | _" It is even worse: Ubiquiti forced all users to use cloud-
         | based authentification even for accessing your controller
         | software on a local network with a local client. This was not
         | even properly communicated but deployed by one of the regular
         | maintenance updates."_
         | 
         | Uh? that is demonstrably not true. Any more details?
        
           | Cpoll wrote:
           | No opinion myself, but someone did mention something to this
           | effect in a different thread:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26638671
        
             | tjoff wrote:
             | Thread only seems to handle about the cloud key, which is
             | hardly everyone. I self-host and don't have the issue.
             | 
             | But shady as f*ck and kind of sets the tone.
        
         | KirillPanov wrote:
         | > It seemed to me Ubiquiti would never allow customers the
         | option to install their own OS
         | 
         | I run plain-vanilla Debian on all my Ubiquiti boxes, six or
         | seven of them at this point.                   debootstrap
         | --arch=mips
         | 
         | Octeons are awesome. Ubiquiti hardware is the bomb. I hear
         | their software is junk, but I wouldn't know anything about
         | that, I always erase it right after unboxing the device.
        
           | collinmanderson wrote:
           | I'd like to hear more about your setup, because I'm tempted
           | to try something similar. How do you actually bootstrap it?
           | How do you configure it? Just a bunch of iptables rules? How
           | do you configure the WiFi? What packages do you install?
        
       | robbiet480 wrote:
       | > According to Adam, the hackers obtained full read/write access
       | to Ubiquiti databases at Amazon Web Services
       | 
       | Not good!
        
       | jbm wrote:
       | Say what you want but my cheap old Linksys router never leaked my
       | passwords.
        
       | electro_blah wrote:
       | LOL fuck that company.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | I was looking at upgrading my home networking equipment with
       | Ubiquiti, but with the breach and the hidden advertisements in
       | their products. I have ultimately decided against it. They have
       | lost $1000s of dollars in potential sales (from me anyways).
       | 
       | Guess I will just have to go bargain hunting on the used
       | enterprise market, or just ask my BigCorp networking team to see
       | if they sell or give away any of their equipment and try to
       | repair it myself. My only concern would be noise generation and
       | power consumption since they were built for use in data centers.
        
       | caseysoftware wrote:
       | _" Adam says the attacker(s) had access to privileged credentials
       | that were previously stored in the LastPass account of a Ubiquiti
       | IT employee, and gained root administrator access to all Ubiquiti
       | AWS accounts, including all S3 data buckets, all application
       | logs, all databases, all user database credentials, and secrets
       | required to forge single sign-on (SSO) cookies."_
       | 
       | Holy...
       | 
       | Wow. That is catastrophic. Everything is compromised. That's a
       | complete rebuild.
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | Or they'll just change their passwords and pretend to have
         | solved the problem.
        
       | EvanAnderson wrote:
       | I wonder how difficult it would be to implement a rudimentary
       | controller for their APs. The WLAN configurations are just text
       | files in the /etc directory. Getting feature parity would be a
       | lot of work, but I bet the bar isn't too high for simple
       | functionality. Most of the "magic" is happening in hostapd on the
       | APs anyway.
        
         | nemesisdesign wrote:
         | I think you are wrong. I have been working on
         | https://openwisp.org for some time and implementing a
         | controller which is robust and can handle many different corner
         | cases and offer good functionality and also ease of use is a
         | challenge and requires several people working full time on it.
         | Even simple functionality it's a lot of work, unless for simple
         | you mean really trivial. If it wasn't hard, there would be many
         | alternatives but as far as I know there aren't many.
        
           | EvanAnderson wrote:
           | I was definitely shooting my mouth off to some extent. I'd
           | defer to your experience for sure. I took a look at your
           | project pages briefly and I'm going to spend more time
           | looking them later. It definitely looks neat, and much more
           | "feature-ful" than I'd be looking for. I'm particularly
           | interested in looking at your modular configuration system.
           | 
           | My needs definitely don't exercise corner cases. Most of the
           | UniFi gear I've got out there is just running a single SSID
           | w/ WPA-RADIUS and a RADIUS-assigned VLAN. Here or there I've
           | got an SSID w/ a PSK and a hard-set VLAN. Nothing too fancy.
           | Adopting new APs quickly and easily based on a "magic" DNS
           | name, alerting when an AP disappears, and syslog to show
           | association/roaming/disassociation events is about all I
           | want. I'm putting Customer-owned gear in small offices w/
           | under 10 APs, rather than being a service provider.
        
       | abledon wrote:
       | >Adam says the attacker(s) had access to privileged credentials
       | that were previously stored in the LastPass account of a Ubiquiti
       | IT employee.
       | 
       | So the laptop probably had some malware/keylogger on it that was
       | able to pick up some data in the lastpass browser extension or
       | something?
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | _previously_ stored. They probably made a csv backup of the
         | lastpass database. Those aren't encrypted.
        
       | Quarrelsome wrote:
       | > Ubiquiti's shares have surged from $243 on Jan. 13 to $370 as
       | of today.
       | 
       | How are we ever going to solve security as an industry against
       | this? Again we're told that security isn't important. Being the
       | first to market and insecure is the winning play and that's just
       | fucked.
        
         | genmud wrote:
         | I don't think that it is a solvable problem if the economics
         | stay the same.
         | 
         | SolarWinds is actually trading almost $2/share _more_ than it
         | did 1 year ago today ($15.67 v $17.23). Sure, it is down from
         | its 52 week high ($24.34).
         | 
         | I would argue that SolarWinds should not be allowed to be in
         | business in its current form, considering what a threat they
         | have been to themselves and others in their mis-handling their
         | software practices and subsequent breach. If an individual did
         | what they did as an employee of the government, they would
         | currently be in jail.
         | 
         | It is probably one of the most impactful national security
         | events in our lifetimes and the impact of this event will be
         | felt in certain areas for years or even decades.
        
           | Quarrelsome wrote:
           | I feel like we have to regulate this at a governmental level
           | to get anywhere. We keep automating more and more of our
           | society and its clear we're unable to protect it but the
           | casuals don't get that and keep charging ahead and we enable
           | them. The amount of power we gift to a given attacker seems
           | to just grow and grow.
           | 
           | But how do we achieve political intervention when
           | technologists and politics appear to be completely
           | incompatible? The closest I've seen is the Pirate Party which
           | never get more than a few percent or that democratic
           | candidate (Yang was it?) and he was pretty fucking clueless
           | on the tech when poked with any significant vigour.
        
             | genmud wrote:
             | It is certainly a difficult problem and as such, like most
             | difficult problems, it will likely not be fixed in any
             | meaningful manner. We will likely be talking about this
             | exact issue in 5 years, 10 years, and 20 years from now.
             | 
             | Cyberspace Solarium Commission [1] created a robust and
             | well documented roadmap for the Biden transition team to
             | address some of these fundamental problems. IMHO, it is one
             | of the better policy documents and has a number of really
             | good recommendations that I believe would be extremely
             | helpful. The #1 thing I think we could do is address
             | accountability, who is responsible for the security of
             | devices/software and what legal recourse should people have
             | if the vendor doesn't adequately secure or support their
             | products.
             | 
             | I think that there are a bunch of issues and one of the
             | biggest ones is that what we say vs what we do are 2
             | different things. We also have issues where many of the
             | core business practices that are commonly accepted are
             | incompatible with building a secure and resilient
             | infrastructure.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.solarium.gov/public-
             | communications/transition-bo...
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | You don't need to be technical to pass laws for this stuff.
             | Technology doesn't change the fact that underneath it's
             | always greed/negligence/etc. These are things that have
             | existed forever.
        
       | spockz wrote:
       | How can you see whether you have been effected or whether they
       | have poked around your setup and maybe even left something
       | behind? Theoretically you can't really trust anything on your
       | network anymore.
        
       | hda111 wrote:
       | I just wanted to replace all my UniFi APs at home with the new
       | UniFi-6 series. But this won't happen after reading this article.
        
       | jeffhodge wrote:
       | Kinda strange that they'd ask for a ransom in Bitcoin and not
       | something fully anonymous..
        
       | potatoman2 wrote:
       | For those who don't remember, this is the same company that was
       | bilked $46 million in an email spoof attack.
       | 
       | https://www.theregister.com/2015/08/09/ubiquiti_stung_by_ema...
       | 
       | They're used as a bad example in my annual corporate infosec
       | compliance training.
        
       | surfsvammel wrote:
       | The plot Thickens: "SHAREHOLDER ALERT: Ubiquiti, Inc.
       | Investigated for Possible Securities Laws Violations by Block &
       | Leviton LLP; Investors Should Contact the Firm"
       | 
       | https://finance.yahoo.com/news/shareholder-alert-ubiquiti-in...
        
         | hpkuarg wrote:
         | This type of solicitation is a dime a dozen, but I do find the
         | name of the firm hilarious. Anyone who's had to make patch
         | cables would recognize the name...
        
         | wp381640 wrote:
         | This is just class action ambulance chasing. Almost all of
         | these guys are assholes.
        
       | rossipedia wrote:
       | I am 100% not surprised. I spent a year working for Ubiquiti,
       | running the Network Controller team.
       | 
       | Trust me, this whistle-blower "Adam" (I have a few suspicions of
       | who it actually is), toned it down.
       | 
       | The reality is much much worse.
        
         | ex_ubiquiti wrote:
         | I worked at Ubiquiti while you were there. I can confirm that
         | the company was going downhill fast.
         | 
         | The US offices were starting to feel empty because so many
         | people were leaving the company. Only place I've ever worked
         | where engineers would quit before they got another job.
         | 
         | Saddest part was all the wasted potential. There were good
         | engineers making good products at Ubiquiti only a few years
         | ago. Once UniFi exploded in popularity the CEO started trying
         | to micromanage everything and it all started falling apart.
        
           | Silhouette wrote:
           | It's unfortunate what seems to have happened to Ubiquiti. The
           | idea of decent network hardware with a good UI that can
           | support the prosumer to small business segment of the market
           | has a lot going for it.
           | 
           | In the early days, it seemed like Ubiquiti was going to nail
           | it and was building up a strong, loyal following as a result.
           | Then came all the reports of quality problems, promised
           | features never delivered, phoning-home, ads in UIs, the not
           | just security breaches but cover-ups...
           | 
           | How the brand hasn't become toxic already is a mystery to me,
           | yet look at the stock price tracker. It's been trending up
           | for years and it has well over doubled in the past six months
           | alone. Apparently investors aren't too worried about any
           | potential consequences of all these reported problems.
        
             | fossuser wrote:
             | I think the brand isn't toxic because of the state of the
             | competition.
             | 
             | Even with this hack, their stuff is still the best
             | available for home use. Netgear or Linksys consumer routers
             | are awful. The mesh devices are okay, but serve of a
             | different market.
             | 
             | The other stuff people recommend is often 2-3x the Unifi
             | price and 2-3x more complicated to setup and configure.
             | 
             | Any ex-employees want to start a company making this stuff
             | that doesn't suck?
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | _The other stuff people recommend is often 2-3x the Unifi
               | price and 2-3x more complicated to setup and configure._
               | 
               | I don't know about 2-3x the price, at least not here in
               | the UK. We looked into this when fitting out a new office
               | with the networking essentials a couple of years ago, and
               | Ubiquiti wasn't particularly attractive on headline
               | prices compared to the other typical brands that get
               | mentioned in that space (MikroTik, DrayTek, etc.).
               | 
               | However, the ability for non-networking experts to set
               | something up quickly that does the job and doesn't have
               | glaring security problems is definitely a competitive
               | advantage in that prosumer to small business market. None
               | of those other brands has a great UI that I've seen and
               | they all tend to assume that anyone who wants to set up a
               | couple of extra APs for a small office WiFi and a
               | standard firewall for the Internet connection will be a
               | pro-level network expert.
               | 
               | I think it would help a lot of people if better
               | products/companies started to compete seriously on that
               | front, and I have to think that with the SME market to
               | fight for there is room to compete with the established
               | names. After all, that is largely how Ubiquiti themselves
               | broke into the market, or at least that's the perception
               | I had at the time.
        
               | zippergz wrote:
               | The prices we are comparing against are Meraki, Aruba,
               | Ruckus, etc. I would be shocked if Ubiquiti was similar
               | in price to those even in the UK.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | Who is "we"? You're talking about brands aimed at
               | enterprise customers. I have no idea how much penetration
               | Ubiquiti has managed to make into that market, but
               | certainly around these parts its products are better
               | known in the tier below that. The kind of organisation
               | that is considering Ubiquiti IME probably wants
               | significantly more functionality and scalability than
               | home or entry-level small office gear but isn't working
               | at enterprise scale and doesn't want to pay for it
               | either. That organisation is unlikely to be considering
               | the kinds of brands you mentioned as alternatives, and I
               | rarely see any of those brands mentioned in discussions
               | about alternatives to Ubiquiti.
        
               | aasasd wrote:
               | I kept thinking that all the laments about Ubiquiti and
               | others are enterprise-level stuff and are sysadmins'
               | headaches, so was thankful I don't need to worry about
               | it. But more and more I wonder how I managed to choose an
               | Asus 5 GHz router by reviews, bought it secondhand, and
               | now have it chugging along for something like eight years
               | with only some hiccups in summers from heat. With no
               | 'cloud' shenanigans.
               | 
               | Also, there are DD-WRT, OpenWRT and such. How comes
               | people don't use those instead of whatever broken
               | software the manufacturer bestows on them?
        
               | nuker wrote:
               | Fast wifi, Wave2, MU-MIMO
        
             | ex_ubiquiti wrote:
             | The early days at Ubiquiti were good. I worked with a lot
             | of good engineers and we shipped good work. The decline is
             | a recent problem.
             | 
             | > How the brand hasn't become toxic already is a mystery to
             | me, yet look at the stock price tracker. It's been trending
             | up for years and it has well over doubled in the past six
             | months alone.
             | 
             | This is your answer. No incentive to change. All of the bad
             | engineering decisions have been rewarded by increasing
             | stock price and continued sales.
             | 
             | Most of the original engineers have quit by now. I lost
             | track of how many UniFi engineering leads joined and then
             | quit after it started falling apart. Before I quit, I heard
             | rumors that the CEO was making two separate teams work on
             | the Dream Machine project separately, competing against
             | each other. That made more people quit. I think they were
             | trying to reboot engineering in foreign countries when I
             | left because it felt like we were forgotten in the US
             | offices.
        
               | gotathingtosay wrote:
               | >This is your answer. No incentive to change. All of the
               | bad engineering decisions have been rewarded by
               | increasing stock price and continued sales.
               | 
               | It'll come around, it just takes waaaaaaaay longer than
               | you'd think for a slump in engineering quality to be
               | reflected in the market. Especially with hardware.
               | 
               | We have a few publicly traded clients that we've worked
               | with for decades (and by "decades" I mean longer than
               | I've been alive). It's cyclical that they want our
               | engineering to build new products when they're doing bad
               | in the market, and once our work is released and gets
               | them some success they'll design transfer back inhouse as
               | aggressively as possible (their engineers aren't all bad,
               | it's just not an engineering culture there). By the time
               | we're out, they're still riding the upswing. Their
               | management's institutional memory either doesn't see the
               | cycle and/or they don't care beyond the next few
               | quarterly reports.
               | 
               | What I'm trying to say is I know hurts to see your baby
               | languish but it catches up to them, eventually.
        
               | ihsw wrote:
               | What do you suggest for someone leaning on an EdgeRouter
               | Lite (with EdgeOS v1.10.11, staying far away from v2.x)
               | and a Unifi UAP-AC-PRO access point?
               | 
               | The router will probably reliably carry me until
               | saturating 1Gbps becomes a daily occurrence and the
               | access point will be retired when WiFi 6E comes around
               | (assuming Ubiquiti's WiFi 6E access points aren't
               | required to connect to the cloud.)
        
               | mafro wrote:
               | Also in answer to sibling comments - you don't need to
               | connect the UI software to the cloud. I have an
               | Edgerouter SFP-X and a few AP lites. I recently added an
               | 8 port Unifi switch for more PoE ports.
               | 
               | Following is to the best of my knowledge! Any ex-Unifi
               | folks or other pros are welcome to correct me:
               | 
               | - The Edgerouter absolutely does not talk to ui.com
               | (except check-for-updates). There's no remote control
               | ability etc etc.
               | 
               | - The Unifi range can be controlled from the cloud, but
               | via your Unifi Cloud Key. You can run this software
               | yourself, without buying extra hardware. When it is not
               | running there is no comms to the cloud. Run the software,
               | configure things, stop the software - I run it in docker
               | on an rpi4.
        
               | gbrown wrote:
               | What's the issue with newer EdgeOS? I thought the cloud
               | crap could be disabled.
        
               | owly wrote:
               | I have the same setup and question. Anyone?
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | >I heard rumors that the CEO was making two separate
               | teams work [. . .] separately, competing against each
               | other.
               | 
               | I don't work in tech, so maybe I'm dumb to this, but why
               | would you ever do this?
        
               | aspaceman wrote:
               | There's an infamous anecdote with Jobs doing this.
               | Tharanos had the same "two teams" story.
               | 
               | A lot of CEOs who think they're the next Steve Jobs,
               | don't understand their own tech, and presume the solution
               | to their technical problems is a lack of "motivation".
               | 
               | Creating a skilled skunk works team to handle a critical
               | problem is a great idea. Making two? And putting them in
               | conflict? It's like throwing your a steak to your dogs to
               | have them fight over dinner. Idiocy.
        
               | roland35 wrote:
               | I can see why the idea is tempting, ie testing multiple
               | strategies and survival of the fittest. But in reality
               | there are extreme downsides. Teams will lie and fudge
               | data to get ahead. People dont trust their coworkers.
               | 
               | I think this is where strong technical leadership is
               | needed. At some point someone needs to make a decision on
               | the technical direction and have the conviction to stick
               | with it.
        
               | g_p wrote:
               | Google certainly seems to do this when it comes to chat
               | applications. Ironically though, they've actually
               | (arguably) lost marketshare - they went from gtalk being
               | pretty widely used (in the late 2000s, early 2010s, as
               | Android took off), to having a confused and fragmented
               | ecosystem (Allo, Duo, Hangouts, Chat, Messaging), and it
               | seems none of those have the same market penetration as
               | the original did.
               | 
               | Perhaps internal competition to that extent simply
               | confuses customers?
        
               | takeda wrote:
               | They essentially destroyed all competition (AIM, YIM,
               | ICQ, MSN etc), the open source solution that would
               | standardize chat (XMPP) and themselves. Making people
               | just go and use proprietary solution like WhatsUp.
               | 
               | XMPP was so promising.
        
               | Zash wrote:
               | Psst, hey, XMPP isn't quite dead yet! Some of us never
               | stopped working on it. Come help bring it back into the
               | hype!
        
               | fletchowns wrote:
               | Isn't Oracle notorious for doing this?
        
               | rossipedia wrote:
               | This is not surprising to me at all.
               | 
               | IMO, the CEO had a bit of a Steve Jobs hero-worship
               | complex, but only all the bad parts. I can absolutely see
               | him putting two teams on the same project, and "may the
               | best product win".
               | 
               | The team that "lost" would get canned, obviously (I saw
               | it happen to two separate offices while I was there).
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > IMO, the CEO had a bit of a Steve Jobs hero-worship
               | complex, but only all the bad parts.
               | 
               | Part of me wishes Steve Jobs had never been brought back
               | to Apple and died in obscurity. He's such a bad example.
               | People idolize him, but his good parts can't be imitated,
               | his bad parts can, and a lot of people can't seem to tell
               | the difference.
        
               | letitbeirie wrote:
               | > his good parts can't be imitated
               | 
               | Without dropping acid at work at least, but that seems to
               | be frowned upon these days.
        
               | gralx wrote:
               | Intel tried this too, according to an ex-Intel employee
               | here. It's a management strategy intended to get the best
               | result by inspiring competition. The problems it invites
               | are the obvious, but the tradeoff may be justified in
               | some scenarios.
               | 
               | It's also the premise of David Mamet's famous play
               | _Glengarry Glen Ross_.
        
               | jakeva wrote:
               | I imagine it comes from some flawed business belief in
               | the survival of the fittest. I've never heard a tech
               | person advocate for it, I only ever hear it from business
               | types.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | Of the things I've seen reportedly happening at Ubiquiti,
               | that one makes more sense than some.
               | 
               | Businesses put projects out to tender all the time, and
               | other businesses that can provide what is wanted invest
               | sometimes very considerable resources into putting in a
               | bid, knowing that if they don't make the winning bid then
               | those resources will mostly likely be completely wasted.
               | Evidently it is still worth operating a business on that
               | basis because the benefits when you do win outweigh the
               | costs of the failed bids, and those costs might include
               | reducing morale in a team who worked on a failed bid.
               | 
               | If that is the case across industries as a whole then
               | economically it _might_ make sense for a business to
               | operate on the same basis internally for their Next Big
               | Thing. Run multiple independent teams at the start, give
               | them all the same brief, then see which team comes up
               | with the most promising starting point. I don 't see much
               | of an argument for continuing the internal competition
               | beyond the concept to prototype stage, though, unless
               | perhaps it turned out that more than one team could
               | produce a product that was viable in its own right
               | without competing for the same market.
        
           | rsync wrote:
           | Now rewrite your entire comment with s/ubiquiti/sonos/g.
           | 
           | So much wasted potential ... so much customer goodwill wasted
           | because (apparently) no company is worth running unless it is
           | a publicly traded unicorn.
        
             | colineartheta wrote:
             | Just curious (I agree with you), but what are the s/ and /g
             | for? Samsung and Google?
        
               | vishnugupta wrote:
               | "/s" stands for search and "/g" for "global" replace.
        
               | brod wrote:
               | I think the OP is using the sed syntax [0] to say:
               | 
               | > _Now rewrite your entire comment with sonos instead of
               | ubiquiti._
               | 
               | [0] https://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Sed.html#uh-6
        
               | istjohn wrote:
               | That's the syntax for search on replace with _sed_ on
               | Linux.
        
               | inetknght wrote:
               | Good tools support search and replace. Better tools
               | support regular expressions.
               | 
               | https://linux.die.net/man/1/sed
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tinco wrote:
               | It's how you do a text replacement in VIM, I believe it's
               | s for substitute, /../ for the regular expression, and g
               | for global, to substitute multiple instances.
        
               | roland35 wrote:
               | Don't forget the % if you are using vim, to make sure you
               | replace on all lines :)
               | 
               | :%s/ubiquity/sonos/g
        
               | actimia wrote:
               | It is a `sed` command, used to replace (s/) all (/g)
               | instances of the first word with the second.
        
               | brabel wrote:
               | https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-use-sed-to-find-and-
               | rep...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | javajosh wrote:
             | Why is it so easy to snatch defeat from the jaws of victory
             | in tech?
        
               | agentdrtran wrote:
               | It's not enough to be good, or great, every tech company
               | wants to be a world-spanning juggernaut. and it's just
               | not possible, let alone desirable.
        
               | rsync wrote:
               | No - not every company ...
        
               | rossipedia wrote:
               | Greed. 100% greed. While I was there, the CEO loved to
               | just fly between offices (randomly) on his private jet.
               | You never knew where he'd pop up, and that put everybody
               | on edge, because when he was unhappy he tended to fire
               | people in large chunks (and shut down entire offices).
               | Every decision was motivated by how it affected the stock
               | price.
        
               | croutonwagon wrote:
               | Even if greed is the only factor. Being unwilling to take
               | a short term loss or hit while you rebuild or reinvest is
               | just short sighted.
               | 
               | Most successes come with some amount of risk or foresight
               | to anticipate the market.
        
               | zouhair wrote:
               | I'd say stupidity first, greed second. There are a lot of
               | private companies making a lot of money. Valve and Ikea
               | come to mind.
               | 
               | Being private and successful is hard to achieve in the
               | Capitalistic world we live in, when you achieve it stick
               | to it.
        
               | arp242 wrote:
               | I'm just an outsider looking in based on a short
               | paragraph, but that doesn't strike me as greed. How does
               | firing entire batches of people help the stock price?
               | Anyone with more business acumen than a cat will
               | understand that it doesn't. "Oh, that office made a
               | mistake? Let's fire the lot of them so they'll learn how
               | to do better next time!"
               | 
               | Based on this, it seems more like an asshole with some
               | attitude problems rather than greed per se.
        
               | xyst wrote:
               | At least a handful of Glassdoor reviews verify this sort
               | of micromanagement. How awful and what an asshole.
               | 
               | That's a company that needs to be re-worked from the top.
               | All C-level management fired, no golden parachute.
               | 
               | edit: Robert Pera owns 75% of the company, looks like
               | C-level mgmt will never get fired. If you are at this
               | company, just leave.
        
               | jdgoesmarching wrote:
               | It's very easy to say "greed" because we want to believe
               | bad things are always the fault of someone's personal
               | moral failings. Hopefully the tech community will start
               | to realize that when the same problems keep occurring for
               | the same reasons, it points to a systemic failure.
        
               | beervirus wrote:
               | As in... what, capitalism bad?
        
               | consumer451 wrote:
               | > As in... what, capitalism bad?
               | 
               | I think it's best to be specific.
               | 
               | It's the C-Suite circle jerk.
               | 
               | My apologies for the language, but throwing away the
               | advantage and further potential of the USA, in the
               | interest of personal wealth and quarterly profits, is
               | even more disgusting.
               | 
               | The majority of America's management culture is horribly
               | broken.
               | 
               | On the plus(?) side this management culture sometimes
               | allows for easy external disruption.
        
               | znpy wrote:
               | Have you worked for ubiquiti too like GP or are you just
               | sprinkling random whatever words?
        
               | Clamchop wrote:
               | They had a coherent point and it wasn't buried in word
               | salad. If you disagree, maybe you could express that with
               | a few less whatever-words yourself.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | JustSomeNobody wrote:
       | > Ubiquiti's stock price has grown remarkably since the company's
       | breach disclosure Jan. 16. After a brief dip following the news,
       | Ubiquiti's shares have surged from $243 on Jan. 13 to $370 as of
       | today.
       | 
       | Why? Coincidence?
        
       | qwertox wrote:
       | It really doesn't get worse than this. But isn't Ubiquiti more of
       | a prosumer company, like MikroTik? MikroTik does get a lot of
       | heat when they have a security vulnerability and get downranked
       | for it as if it were far, far away from Ubiquiti's security
       | profile (something like "US vs. some east EU country"), but this
       | event tells a lot about Ubiquiti's upper management and their
       | internal security practices.
        
         | messo wrote:
         | Have MikroTik had any security vulnerabilities anywhere close
         | to what has now been revealed about Ubiquiti? MikroTik's
         | firmware seems very solid and I get the impression that they
         | care about security and routines.
        
           | g_p wrote:
           | It seems the issue with Ubiquiti here has potential wider
           | implied for users of the equipment (signing keys compromised,
           | cloud dependency giving remote management plane access).
           | 
           | An individual vulnerability in a device is an issue but it
           | gets patched. Hopefully it can't be exploited remotely. My
           | biggest annoyance is when "infrastructure" ends up with
           | outside connections in place (to the cloud or elsewhere),
           | that breaks this model down (trusting the provider to mediate
           | remote access, for example).
           | 
           | They're a big single point of failure, and this incident
           | really proves that.
        
         | pilsetnieks wrote:
         | Fun fact - a lot of Ubiquiti's engineering is located in that
         | same "east EU country". In fact, if you look at the open
         | positions - https://careers.ui.com/positions - it appears most
         | of the development appears to happen in
         | Central/Eastern/Northern Europe.
        
       | Saris wrote:
       | A potential option for anyone wanting to avoid buying new
       | hardware to move away from Ubiquiti management software:
       | https://openwrt.org/toh/start?dataflt%5BBrand*%7E%5D=Ubiquit...
        
       | akkartik wrote:
       | Why do people trust _any_ IoT devices these days? Shouldn 't we
       | be trying to _reduce_ our exposure to (inevitably insecure)
       | software? What benefits does it provide that are worth the
       | unbounded risks?
        
         | ramraj07 wrote:
         | It's not _that_ unbounded? At least not yet! Until a tech savvy
         | neighbor who's also a creep can easily break into your network
         | and home camera I'm not personally worried.
        
           | akkartik wrote:
           | Why does it have to be a neighbor? It says "internet" on the
           | tin. Do you have confidence that random people on the
           | internet can't do the equivalent of a port-scan on you?
           | 
           | The other way I think of it is, I don't use it right now. It
           | likely has open doors, intentional or unintentional. If the
           | open doors are widely discovered, reliably closing them seems
           | difficult. The highest-leverage point in time to influence
           | this story is before I start using it. "The only winning move
           | is not to play."
           | 
           | Feedback appreciated on this thought process.
        
             | ramraj07 wrote:
             | The question is what incentive a random person in the
             | internet has into finding and targeting me. I'm a single
             | dude who's not rich, and I'm not gullible to scams (at
             | least not easily). So unless they have a personal grudge
             | against me, I would probably not be currently worried about
             | installing a doorbell camera for example. The threat
             | modeling will Change the moment I have a family of course.
             | 
             | I see it no different from driving a car. You can get
             | carjacked, you can get in a crash, you don't just not drive
             | a car because of it, you just calculate your risk tolerance
             | and do it.
        
               | akkartik wrote:
               | Imagine someone taking control of your door and telling
               | you you need to pay them $50 at a random bitcoin address
               | before you can open it.
               | 
               | $50 isn't a reasonable payoff for most carjackings, but
               | this isn't like a carjacking. They're doing the same
               | thing at the same time to 1000 people using a script they
               | wrote. That changes the payoff, and that means more
               | people are likely to try to do something like this.
               | 
               | This is an extremely mild scenario. It's possible I'm
               | wrong about IoT, and there's a case for using it in its
               | current state. But one thing I'm _sure_ of is that
               | analogies with cars don't work.
        
           | arbitrage wrote:
           | been doing it for years. meet the new boss, same as the old
           | boss.
           | 
           | this is the other side of the coin of "you don't need privacy
           | if you have nothing to hide", and it's exactly as stupid in
           | application here as it ever is.
        
       | TristanBall wrote:
       | This, plus the advertising thing, plus their weak firewall & wan
       | feature set means they've lost me as both a customer and an
       | advocate.
        
       | vorpalhex wrote:
       | Well, guess I won't be about to drop a few thousand on Ubiquiti
       | gear anymore until we get some more details. Hopefully this
       | account isn't fully truthful, otherwise Ubiquiti has really
       | screwed up.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | kitsunesoba wrote:
         | A few months ago I was considering outfitting my apartment with
         | Ubiquiti gear but ultimately decided to stick to an aging
         | AirPort Extreme and a couple of cheap ethernet switches after
         | seeing reports of bugs with various Ubiquiti pieces. Seems that
         | was a good judgement...
        
         | rswskg wrote:
         | meh, not really a good substitute. They've got the prosumer
         | market locked down.
         | 
         | Probably why they got into this mess. Lots of successful
         | product people deferring 'non product' stuff.
        
         | knz wrote:
         | > Hopefully this account isn't fully truthful
         | 
         | Brian Krebs is a reputable source who has a lot to lose if he
         | makes unsubstantiated claims.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | He's quoting a source. I don't doubt Krebs in the slightest
           | but he's simply forwarding someone elses account.
        
       | logicslave wrote:
       | But the routers have a nice user interface!
        
         | temp0826 wrote:
         | My favorite part of the web interface is when it silently
         | reverts changes made at the command line.
        
           | dismalpedigree wrote:
           | You enjoy that also? I thought I was the only one...
        
           | nikisweeting wrote:
           | The APs and switches are stateless by design (which I sort of
           | like), but if you make CLI changes on the controller using
           | the config file they are not reverted in my experience.
           | 
           | Though it's not super well supported either because they
           | prefer people using the web UI to the config file.
        
           | 650REDHAIR wrote:
           | That's a feature not a bug
        
       | okigan wrote:
       | Ran into this [1] issue with Ubiquiti and Stripe integration.
       | Short story Ubiquiti integration insist on sending credit card
       | numbers directly to Strip (vs using more secure method).
       | 
       | The issue has been there for 2 years -- which is beyond odd. When
       | I've reached out to tech support the issue was effectively closed
       | as known issue.
       | 
       | [1] https://community.ui.com/questions/Tokenization-for-
       | Stripe-I...
        
       | qwerty456127 wrote:
       | IMHO there should be a default paragraph text font size specified
       | in the browser settings and all the other styles should be
       | derived from it given just coefficients specified in the page
       | CSS.
        
       | speeder wrote:
       | I wonder why their legal department would PREVENT them from
       | saving their users.
       | 
       | What legal reason would exist for that? I thought legal would
       | instead force them to save their users, since otherwise they
       | would risk getting sued by all of them by all the damages caused
       | or something.
        
         | lakecresva wrote:
         | > a source who participated in the response to that breach
         | alleges Ubiquiti massively downplayed a "catastrophic" incident
         | to minimize the hit to its stock price, and that the third-
         | party cloud provider claim was a fabrication.
         | 
         | I'm sure their lawyers don't know anything about tech or
         | forensics, but they know how buy shareholders time in a way
         | that minimizes anyone's chances of going to prison or facing
         | serious civil liability. If you ask someone in charge of hiring
         | corporate counsel what they look for in a lawyer, they will
         | flat out tell you "a good risk manager who understands
         | discretion" which just means "someone who's going to tell us
         | what we can get away with".
         | 
         | The regulatory system in the US is sufficiently dysfunctional
         | that there is zero incentive for corporate counsel to even
         | consider what's in the best interest of consumers.
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | > I wonder why their legal department would PREVENT them from
         | saving their users.
         | 
         | Good legal departments understand that the company is there to
         | serve the users and make them happy and operate within those
         | constraints (even trading off possibly liability when it makes
         | the products sell better).
         | 
         | Horrible legal departments will block anything that has even a
         | smell of liability, even when it comes to sabotaging the
         | product itself and hiding serious issues from users and
         | employees.
         | 
         | I've met way too many ones from the second group.
        
         | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
         | Successfully sweeping it under the carpet means you don't get
         | sued for the mistakes you made.
         | 
         | Legal isn't there to make sure the company complies with the
         | laws. Legal is there to advise on and minimize legal risk.
        
           | cheph wrote:
           | > Legal isn't there to make sure the company complies with
           | the laws. Legal is there to advise on and minimize legal
           | risk.
           | 
           | Breaking laws is one sure way to increase legal liability.
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | Only if you get caught.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | And be successfully prosecuted.
               | 
               | I'm sure someone in legal knows someone at the AG's
               | office who might be "considering the private sector" in
               | the near future.
        
             | rStar wrote:
             | but if you get away with it 90% of the time....
        
             | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
             | Yes, but if you've broken one law already, breaking another
             | one by sweeping it under the carpet may sound very
             | attractive.
        
               | cheph wrote:
               | Maybe, not sure any laws were broken here though, would
               | be interesting to know if there are laws covering it.
        
           | nitrogen wrote:
           | _Legal isn 't there to make sure the company complies with
           | the laws. Legal is there to advise on and minimize legal
           | risk._
           | 
           | "It's not like we're building bridges or something." -- any
           | legal department when faced with engineers' ethical duty to
           | report a hack.
        
       | amzans wrote:
       | The scope of this breach is frightening.
       | 
       | Would be great to better understand how the Lastpass credentials
       | got leaked in the first place.
       | 
       | Anyone found any comment on that?
        
       | bedhead wrote:
       | Ubiquiti is another one of these companies where if you did
       | nothing but read about them on HN, Reddit, et al, you would think
       | they're filing for bankruptcy tomorrow, set orphanages on fire,
       | kill puppies, etc. The negative hyperbole around this company is
       | something else, hack or not. And yet, all they do is thrive...
        
         | blablabla123 wrote:
         | The hardware is very cheap and the market for their products is
         | thriving. In fact it's possible to put custom software on it
         | actually without using their cloud.
         | 
         | > if you did nothing but read about them on HN, Reddit, et al,
         | you would think they're filing for bankruptcy tomorrow, set
         | orphanages on fire, kill puppies, etc.
         | 
         | I need to check these posts ;)
        
           | bedhead wrote:
           | Seriously I'm just tired of it. Do you know how many tech
           | geeks over the last few years have proudly proclaimed online
           | that the company is "going downhill" and they'll never buy
           | any more Ubiquiti products? 50 billion, that's how many. How
           | many follow through? Evidently zero. It's comical. The hack
           | obviously not good, but GMAFB.
        
             | akkartik wrote:
             | Can you elaborate on what break this is that you desire?
             | What would you like to have happen?
        
         | christophilus wrote:
         | Is it? Until very recently, I've only seen positive comments
         | about them.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tw04 wrote:
         | It's a long-tail if I had to guess. In my "circle" of coworkers
         | almost every last one has ubiquiti today, and every last one is
         | planning to replace it with something else when they make the
         | jump to WiFi-6.
         | 
         | Maybe we're the anomaly, but I have a feeling 2 years from now
         | if they continue down the path they're on, their earnings will
         | not be quite so rosy.
        
           | bedhead wrote:
           | My point is partly, let's check in a year from now. I'd wager
           | not one of your coworkers switched. Zero.
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | You'd have lost that bet already. One of them switched to
             | Aruba last week. I've already replaced several pieces of
             | ubnt gear as well and posted for sale on ebay. The APs I'm
             | holding off until there are some solid WiFi 6E options.
             | 
             | I know of at least two others that currently have hardware
             | on order to replace existing ubnt routers with OPNsense so
             | you can add them to the list by the end of April.
        
               | xvector wrote:
               | Count me in the Ubiquiti to OpnSense group too.
        
       | wnevets wrote:
       | Is it just me or are you no longer able to avoid the cloud with
       | the latest software updates for unifi?
        
         | easton wrote:
         | Only if you have the newer Cloud Key or Dream Machine. The
         | older Cloud Key isn't fast enough to handle the new OS (which
         | ended up being good in this case, since it's still getting
         | security updates).
        
           | wnevets wrote:
           | > Only if you have the newer Cloud Key
           | 
           | that would explain it then.
        
         | surfsvammel wrote:
         | If you are using CK, Protect and/or the iOS app, it seems that
         | you need Remote Access (a.k.a. Cloud) enabled for
         | authentication.
        
           | myrandomcomment wrote:
           | No you do not, only setup. You can disable it after. See my
           | other comment.
        
             | surfsvammel wrote:
             | I just tried. It does at least not work for protect and it
             | does not work for the IOS apps.
        
               | myrandomcomment wrote:
               | I have not looked at Protect yet, however for Network you
               | can disable remote login after creating a local account.
               | Open Network app on IOS and make sure you go the main
               | page that list the controllers. Click on the arrow. Next
               | screen you will see a section called "Launch Type" which
               | list all the access methods, local IP 4, IPv6 and cloud.
               | Pick the local IP adresss.
        
       | blhack wrote:
       | Well this absolutely sucks :(. I've been a huge supporter of
       | Ubiquiti ever since I was buying mini their PCI cards and
       | sticking them into soekris engineering boards (ubiquiti started
       | out as a hardware company).
       | 
       | The magic thing that absolutely sold me on their equipment was
       | the ease with with you could provision and mesh new gear. Does
       | anybody have anything that compares with that ease of use?
       | 
       | To explain what I mean: I recently had a buddy move into our
       | guest house/apartment. While we waited for the ISP to come out
       | and hook up his internet, I just put an AP on his counter,
       | powered it up, and meshed it into our home network. The whole
       | process took less than a minute and didn't require any running of
       | ethernet.
       | 
       | (Maybe that's a common feature nowadays and I've just been out of
       | the industry for so long?)
        
         | smashah wrote:
         | I can vouch for Google WiFi. Very simple to set up.
        
           | bogwog wrote:
           | If you give away your data, it can't be stolen. That's fool-
           | proof security!
        
             | smashah wrote:
             | Ha I get it. The way I look at it is, I have chosen my
             | security sin and that's Google. I turn off ad settings, pay
             | for GSuite, YT premium and Google one, have ad block/ad
             | guard everywhere and buy their nest home products.
             | 
             | Smaller threat area, much larger utility plus they by
             | default have more resources than any other company to have
             | better security.
             | 
             | Don't get me wrong, I was looking forward to moving to
             | ubiquity but that's not happening anymore unfortunately.
             | 
             | As far as I'm aware Google has not had this magnitude of
             | hack recently.
        
       | rys wrote:
       | I'm willing to see what Ubiquiti will do to make it right before
       | I switch away, because I have a local-only setup of EdgeRouter
       | and UniFi APs that's been absolutely great in the years I've had
       | it, but this is really last chance saloon stuff now.
       | 
       | I'm looking for a proper post-mortem and the steps to make sure
       | it can't happen again, recommitment to local-only users and
       | respect of the customer, and a step back from the push to cloud
       | everything.
        
       | yabones wrote:
       | > "The breach was massive, customer data was at risk, access to
       | customers' devices deployed in corporations and homes around the
       | world was at risk."
       | 
       | > "They were able to get cryptographic secrets for single sign-on
       | cookies and remote access, full source code control contents, and
       | signing keys exfiltration,"
       | 
       | Maybe putting your network control plane in 'the cloud' isn't
       | such a good idea after all...
       | 
       | Edit: Just re-read the article, this part stood out:
       | 
       | > the attacker(s) had access to privileged credentials that were
       | previously stored in the LastPass account of a Ubiquiti IT
       | employee, and gained root administrator access to all Ubiquiti
       | AWS accounts, including all S3 data buckets, all application
       | logs, all databases, all user database credentials, and secrets
       | required to forge single sign-on (SSO) cookies.
       | 
       | > Adam says Ubiquiti's security team picked up signals in late
       | December 2020 that someone with administrative access had set up
       | several Linux virtual machines that weren't accounted for.
       | 
       | If this is true, and whoever breached them had full access to
       | their AWS account, can we really trust them to clean up all their
       | tokens and fully eradicate all forms of persistence the hackers
       | may have gotten?
        
         | ryan29 wrote:
         | It's odd how the big cloud vendors have been able to escape
         | criticism for being completely open by default. Other vendors
         | have been taken to task and have adopted better security
         | practices. For example, SuperMicro IPMI comes with a random
         | password now.
         | 
         | It's extremely difficult to lock down an AWS account when there
         | are a bajillion services, IAM policies, roles, etc.. I've been
         | trying for the last few days and it's so difficult that I can
         | understand things like this. I don't think it's acceptable, but
         | I can see how it happens.
         | 
         | I think the expectation for AWS, Azure, GCP, etc. needs to
         | change. Accounts should allow nothing by default and part of
         | the tutorial / learning process should be understanding the
         | permissions needed for each service and how to limit access to
         | those services. As a bonus, they should show you how to
         | configure Budget Actions to catch anomalies and runaway
         | services. For example, I'm trying to set up my account so SMTP
         | access to SES gets revoked for SMTP users if the message count
         | exceeds a certain threshold. It's really, really hard because
         | there's not a single document / guide that shows the process
         | from start to finish.
        
           | musingsole wrote:
           | You can use AWS Accounts like microservices. The biggest
           | security walls in AWS are the account barriers. Those have to
           | be specifically configured to cross. Sometimes (1%) its
           | unavoidable, but if you have multiple services running on an
           | account, you force yourself to weave arcane webs of IAM
           | permissions crisscrossing all over to get what you need
           | where. It's a terrible model that people inflict on
           | themselves because it's how everything used to work.
        
           | yebyen wrote:
           | The triangle says Confidentiality, Availability, Integrity.
           | 
           | While your concerns are 100% valid, we need to remember too
           | that setting up access in restricted ways and inviting users
           | to understand the protection and remove the correct barriers,
           | or implement the concerns necessary to interact with those
           | for themselves, always runs the risk that some users will
           | find your protections cumbersome and instead find a (totally
           | incorrect) way to baffle them, or otherwise even route around
           | them entirely mooting any efforts to secure a platform.
           | 
           | And every time I hear this played out in conversation, the
           | answer is "that's on them!" But it's clearly a balancing act,
           | it's a trade off; tautologically, when you make the service
           | less accessible then... it is, well, ... made less
           | accessible.
           | 
           | Besides facilitation of the secure access also sales
           | conversion ratios will depend on that accessibility. The crux
           | of your argument stands, the defaults are too open, and we
           | need to do more to ensure that naive users aren't handed a
           | loaded gun to aim at their own feet.
        
             | jmiserez wrote:
             | A classic one is chmod 777 for "fixing" Linux issues.
             | 
             | Especially once you couldn't just login as root anymore in
             | many distros.
        
           | kenforthewin wrote:
           | Spinning up your own DB instance is also "open by default"
           | and takes both effort and expertise to secure properly. I
           | think it's pretty reasonable that there's a large surface
           | area of IAM permissions when AWS offers a vast number of
           | disparate services.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | Uhm.. in the AWS i've used, it's on explicit allow, and all
           | of their docs and tutorials start with IAM and what's needed
           | and why. What more do you want? I can't imagine IAM being
           | simpler while being as granular as it is. You just have to
           | actually take the time to learn about it, like every system.
           | It's still drastically easier to use it securely than doing
           | something on a similar scale and detail manually.
        
             | ryan29 wrote:
             | > What more do you want?
             | 
             | The hard part for me is figuring out how to disable access
             | without breaking everything. I know it'll be useful once I
             | understand and I'll take the time I need to learn it, but
             | most people won't.
             | 
             | I prefer the opposite learning direction. Start closed and
             | open the 1 or 2 things I need instead of having to
             | understand 1000 things immediately to configure permissions
             | reasonably.
        
               | donavanm wrote:
               | Have you tried Access Advisor in AWS IAM? It's been out
               | for a few years now and is specifically targeted at using
               | "... last accessed information to refine your policies
               | and allow access to only the services and actions that
               | your entities use."
               | 
               | Can you explain how IAM doesn't work well with the
               | "starting closed" approach? IAM authorization is "default
               | deny" and every principal needs an explicit allow
               | statement with the appropriate action before
               | authorization will pass.
        
               | ryan29 wrote:
               | I'll give it a try. Thanks!
               | 
               | > Can you explain how IAM doesn't work well with the
               | "starting closed" approach?
               | 
               | It works ok once you do a lot of learning and read the
               | best practices. I think a lot of people will skip that
               | and use their root account for everything.
               | 
               | The biggest mistake I made was creating an admin user,
               | but giving it too many permissions and using it like a
               | normal user.
               | 
               | After learning more I use the root account to make an
               | admin account, but I think the admin account should only
               | use IAM to create other fine grained users.
               | 
               | So it works fine, but I think it would be better to force
               | people into creating those first couple of accounts with
               | permissions chosen by experts. It's too easy to jump
               | right in and start using an over privileged account.
        
         | Thorrez wrote:
         | >If this is true, and whoever breached them had full access to
         | their AWS account, can we really trust them to clean up all
         | their tokens and fully eradicate all forms of persistence the
         | hackers may have gotten?
         | 
         | This is the same for any breach. At least if you're using AWS,
         | you know that your management tools aren't lying to you (as
         | long as you assume AWS itself isn't hacked) and you can use
         | those tools to cleanup. If you run your own machines, you can't
         | assume your management tools work correctly. All your machines
         | could have rootkits, all your tools could contain backdoors,
         | and every attempt to cleanup might just be a fake veneer. See
         | Reflections on Trusting Trust.
         | 
         | Full disclosure I work for a cloud computing company (but not
         | AWS).
        
         | krageon wrote:
         | > can we really trust them to
         | 
         | Yes, if they destroy all of their backups, all of their
         | hardware and every one of their current AWS accounts. Then
         | start _entirely_ from scratch. Any measure falling short of
         | that (and let 's be reasonable, it definitely will) means that
         | they're entirely untrustworthy from now on.
         | 
         | Of course having your home network controlled from the cloud
         | should already have been entirely untrustworthy, so in practice
         | it won't be an issue for their sales.
        
         | xtat wrote:
         | Full ACK but also you can run a local only setup
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | > Maybe putting your network control plane in 'the cloud' isn't
         | such a good idea after all...
         | 
         | Isn't one of the major selling points of cloud-everything "How
         | can you possibly secure your service better than
         | BigRespectableCompany?" I know any time I bring up self-hosting
         | E-mail or a web site or whatever, someone always comes out of
         | the woodwork to remind me that I am not an expert in securing
         | Internet services, and that BigRespectableCompanies have full-
         | time employees dedicated to security. Surely I should be moving
         | to the cloud for this expertise! This is sounding more and more
         | like FUD to me.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | > BigRespectableCompanies
           | 
           | Ubiquiti really aren't in the same ballpark as AWS or
           | Microsoft, which are the companies people use that argument
           | for, and you can bet your ass their security is better than
           | in most places.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | This is a fallacy. Just because these companies have great
             | security teams doesn't mean that things don't fall through
             | the cracks. Shit slips past the security team in product
             | meetings all the time.
        
               | sellyme wrote:
               | The claim wasn't that they never have security flaws, the
               | claim was that they almost certainly have fewer security
               | flaws than the alternative self-hosted solution someone
               | named MastodonFan87 comes up with.
        
               | themacguffinman wrote:
               | Still better than the security competence of most
               | individuals.
        
               | res0nat0r wrote:
               | This is user error though and not any fault of AWS.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | You may be smart, and have secured your systems properly, but
           | someone with the same resume as you in another company might
           | not be.
           | 
           | As your manager, how can I tell the difference between
           | someone who actually did the work right, and someone who said
           | they did the work right (and also legitimately believes that
           | they did)?
        
             | grayhatter wrote:
             | You never can be... but you should already know that being
             | a manager. But if you're the target of an advanced
             | persistent threat. It doesn't matter how good your guys is,
             | they'll win eventually when the next 0day no one knew about
             | shows up. But then your cloud provider will have been
             | broken into dozens of times already. Hundreds of companies
             | have to do a security audit of all of their networks now*
             | because Ubnt got, got. The only ones who don't are idiots,
             | or not using ubnt et al.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | So what, you are suggesting a strategy of staying away
               | from large services and hoping that you won't be
               | targeted?
               | 
               | I posit that it doesn't take burning a zero day, or a
               | coordinated effort by the CIA, the FSB, and Randy
               | Waterhouse to break the typical DIY self-hosted security
               | implementation. (And that the manager paying someone to
               | build it has no ability to tell between a _great_ , a
               | _good_ and a _bad_ DIY job.)
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | A network controller for local WiFi shouldn't be
               | reachable from the Internet at all. I'll take a
               | vulnerability ridden controller on an isolated management
               | VLAN over cloud shit any day.
        
               | msh wrote:
               | But if you have multiple sites you need to reach it
               | remotely. Maybe over vpn but still remotely.
        
           | 0xEFF wrote:
           | Managed services with state of the art IAM policies are more
           | secure than lifting and shifting a Linux box running whatever
           | PAM configuring was setup on it in 2005.
        
         | mutant wrote:
         | > Maybe putting your network control plane in 'the cloud' isn't
         | such a good idea after all...
         | 
         | Uh. AWS? GCLOUD? Those have network control planes, maybe not
         | for physical networks, but a control plane nevertheless.
        
         | IgorPartola wrote:
         | Was shopping for alternatives to my Ubiquiti last night. Seems
         | like there is nothing good out there. Engenius has shit
         | hardware and a cloud controller. Aruba has a cloud controller
         | AND you have to pay for a license. Cisco makes you pay for a
         | license. TP-Link is cloud-based.
         | 
         | WTF. Does anyone have a decent WAP where I can use PoE, deploy
         | like 5 of them and have them support roaming between APs, all
         | managed locally? Is that too much to ask?
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | If you don't feel like configuring hostapd and dnsmasq I'm
           | pretty sure there's an nmcli one-liner that will have network
           | manager run a WAP for you. I use 'hotspot' on my phone all
           | the time.
           | 
           | WAPs have been absolute crap for years.
        
           | friend-monoid wrote:
           | Is pfSense, vyos, stuff like that out of fashion? Or too hard
           | to maintain? Automating that stuff with ansible should solve
           | the central management bit...
        
             | ghostpepper wrote:
             | Can you run pfsense on an AP or switch or does it only
             | handle gateway/firewall/routing tasks?
        
               | friend-monoid wrote:
               | Yeah, of course you can. It's just a freebsd with some
               | configuration stuff on top, it can run hostap, switch, it
               | can do lagg and span ports and all the other stuff you'd
               | expect... not sure how common it is though
        
           | ptomato wrote:
           | Ruckus Unleashed is what you're looking for.
        
             | surfsvammel wrote:
             | They are triple the cost of the UniFi stuff. So not really
             | a drop in replacement.
        
               | bubblethink wrote:
               | Look on ebay for slightly older models. R710, R720 should
               | be $200-$300. Not a replacement at scale, but the one-off
               | purchase from ebay is fine for home use.
        
               | antattack wrote:
               | Unfortunately, w/o firmware updates they are just little
               | better than a brick. Especially for WIFI hardware where
               | you cannot control who can access it - better keep your
               | APs patched.
        
               | bubblethink wrote:
               | Both R710 and R720 are currently supported. I installed
               | an update last week.
        
               | antattack wrote:
               | Yeah, but one cannot upgrade them without purchasing
               | annual support contract from Ruckus.
        
               | bubblethink wrote:
               | No, you do not need one for unleashed.
        
               | antattack wrote:
               | Good to know, thanks. I had bunch of Ruckus Zoneflex APs
               | that I could not upgrade w/o contract.
        
           | newman314 wrote:
           | I was under the impression that Omada had a non-cloud
           | configuration?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | azernik wrote:
           | Disclaimer: worked for Meraki (now Cisco Meraki) for several
           | years.
           | 
           | Generally, halfway decent wireless APs are all targeted at
           | the enterprise market. Consumer hardware is a brutal race to
           | the bottom, as lay consumers aren't qualified to compare
           | options based on anything but price and UI. Ubiquiti was an
           | outlier in trying to bring enterprise features to the
           | consumer market
           | 
           | The problem for enthusiasts and small business/home office
           | setups like yours are that both the enterprise market (e.g.
           | Meraki) and the premium consumer market (e.g. Google WiFi)
           | focus heavily on ease of management - cloud controllers are
           | table stakes these days, not a controversial feature. Part of
           | that premium that Meraki, Aruba, and that class of enterprise
           | supplier charge is about having a trustworthy and secured
           | backend.
           | 
           | Note, however, that roaming between APs is a feature of the
           | 802.11 standard; you just need to have all your APs on the
           | same layer 2 (802.x) network, and using the same SSID and
           | credentials. No fancy hardware required, and you can even mix
           | and match vendors.
        
             | emmelaich wrote:
             | Worth noting that Meraki have a small business option now:
             | https://www.meraki-go.com/
        
               | tumblewit wrote:
               | Wow this is great and seems like a direct competitor to
               | UniFi. Few years back when I was researching meraki I
               | found it way too pricey for small business over UniFi but
               | this makes much more sense now.
        
               | thiagocsf wrote:
               | Says "cloud managed" on every piece of equipment. Do you
               | know if that's optional?
        
             | PostThisTooFast wrote:
             | Yeah, it's incredible how pathetically bad the home-
             | networking market is. I've been through every consumer
             | router and wound up with a Ubiquiti EdgeRouter and AP.
             | Ubiquiti's software and support are absolute dogshit. And I
             | did NOT set up a "controller," which is not (and should not
             | be) necessary in your HOUSE. This seems to confound
             | Ubiquiti and other users, which in itself is rather
             | pathetic.
             | 
             | Stop putting your shit in "the cloud," where it's subject
             | to the whims and failures of a third party. When will
             | people learn?
        
             | sly010 wrote:
             | > Note, however, that roaming between APs is a feature of
             | the 802.11 standard; you just need to have all your APs on
             | the same layer 2 (802.x) network, and using the same SSID
             | and credentials. No fancy hardware required, and you can
             | even mix and match vendors.
             | 
             | Not exactly. There are extensions to pre-authenticate with
             | an AP (802.11r) for truly seamless roaming without packet
             | drop or delay and for AP controlled roaming (802.11k) where
             | the current AP tells you your options to roam to. This last
             | one is important because the AP has generally better
             | information about the network than the client and because
             | the clients are not that great at managing this.
             | 
             | I am sure there are other extensions too, but afaik cheap
             | APs don't implement these.
        
             | fullstop wrote:
             | Surely 802.11r has a purpose, yes?
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | It's a performance thing.
               | 
               | With standard 802.11 roaming, you have to reassociate and
               | reauthenticate to the new AP. While this process is
               | underway, you can't pass any traffic. For open networks
               | or simple auth schemes like WPA2 single-password, this
               | isn't very noticeable; however, for heavier-weight auth
               | schemes like 802.1x this pause is substantial and is
               | especially noticeable on voice/video calls. 802.11r is a
               | scheme for caching the authentication info, letting you
               | avoid the 802.1x round-trip to a central auth server.
               | 
               | For a 5-AP network, usually with shared-password WPA2,
               | it's not necessary.
        
               | cassianoleal wrote:
               | Yes, roaming by sharing SSID and passcode is a world of
               | pain. 802.11r solves all those pains, I've been using it
               | on OpenWRT for months without a glitch.
        
               | fullstop wrote:
               | Yes, it's why I use 802.11r. It works with most devices,
               | although the one which does _not_ support it makes me
               | laugh. Nintendo _Switch_ will not switch from one AP to
               | another. It holds on, tooth and nail, to whichever BSSID
               | it used when it first connected.
               | 
               | My kids have to go into settings, reconnect, and move on.
        
               | slmkbh wrote:
               | I have a couple of AP AC Lites running openwrt and
               | 802.11r, works fine except on Xiaomi phones apparently...
               | I never tried the unifi though, flashed openwrt within 15
               | minutes of receiving the APs
        
               | synergy20 wrote:
               | how do you enable 802.11r on openwrt? on which model of
               | router
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | Be aware that there might be compatibility issues. I
               | enabled it on a pair of OpenWRT-running APs, and the
               | handoff worked fine for my laptop, but my phone would
               | claim to be successfully associated/authenticated with
               | the new AP, but traffic wouldn't flow. Turning off
               | 802.11r fixed the issue completely, and it turns out I
               | don't really need it after all, as my devices seem to
               | roam properly and the reauth is pretty quick.
        
               | mikehotel wrote:
               | Install the wpad pkg and 802.11r should show up in
               | wireless config screens. See
               | https://forum.openwrt.org/t/802-11r-fast-roaming-in-
               | luci/117...
        
               | cassianoleal wrote:
               | Pretty much that. It's also very simple nowadays. you
               | just tick the box on the Wireless Security tab, and check
               | that the mobility domain match between all the APs - it
               | should by default, I think it's derived from the SSID.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | Faster handoffs between APs.
        
             | passivate wrote:
             | We use Meraki MR/MX stuff at our office and are generally
             | happy with the value & service. The MS stuff though, thats
             | another story. Do you guys have plans to enter the sub $2K
             | tier with L3 devices?
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | I haven't worked at Meraki since 2015; sorry, can't help
               | you out on that one.
               | 
               | I will note that as of 2015, "L3 switching" (i.e.
               | hardware-accelerated IP routing) hardware was expensive
               | as hell. I _believe_ that on the software side, dropping
               | new hardware into the existing hardware-routing
               | infrasturcture is fairly easy, but I don 't actually know
               | because I didn't work much on MS hardware.
        
             | admax88q wrote:
             | > Note, however, that roaming between APs is a feature of
             | the 802.11 standard;
             | 
             | In theory yes, but man do a lot of devices have terrible
             | roaming heuristics.
             | 
             | "I can still see beacons so id better stay here even though
             | i havent received a packet in the last minute. Wouldnt want
             | to pay the time cost of associating with that other BSS
             | that has 5X the signal"
        
               | jhugo wrote:
               | You can fix this on the AP side with minimum RSSI or data
               | rate control. But that would probably push you over to
               | either Ubiquiti (and the similar "cloud based" options)
               | or the enterprise market to get those features,
               | unfortunately.
        
               | KozmoNau7 wrote:
               | On Mikrotik you can set the minimum allowed data rate, at
               | least. That should kick clients with marginal connections
               | to a hopefully better AP.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | The key issue is the protocol seems to have no ability to
               | associate with multiple BSS's together.
               | 
               | It's _so nearly_ there. The power management stuff means
               | that even with single a physical radio one can associate
               | with multiple BSS 's on different frequencies by telling
               | one BSS to hold packets for you while tuning in to the
               | other frequency.
               | 
               | All that's needed to make it reality is a way to tell a
               | BSS "If I fail to ACK a link layer packet, please forward
               | it via the wired network to this other BSS to send to me
               | instead".
               | 
               | Then a client could be connected to multiple BSS's, send
               | packets via either, receive packets via whichever one it
               | is currently tuned into, and not lose any packets while
               | switching.
        
               | AndyMcConachie wrote:
               | Do people _really_ need wifi roaming in their homes?
               | 
               | I have multiple cheap APs setup in my house using the
               | same SSID and it's fine. As long as I'm not holding a
               | realtime conversation and moving around between APs I
               | never have any problems. And since I almost never hold a
               | Skype call while walking through my house I almost never
               | have any issues.
        
               | cheschire wrote:
               | If you've ever lived in a country where the houses are
               | made primarily of stone, you'd definitely understand the
               | need for it.
        
               | kalleboo wrote:
               | Or earthquake-proof reinforced concrete.
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | Just brick that's old enough will do it. Mine's something
               | like 150 years old, and it's absolute murder to drill
               | into, just incredibly hard, and it's either dense enough
               | to act like stone, or it's absorbed enough moisture over
               | the years to look like a faraday cage to wifi.
        
               | robotmay wrote:
               | Yeah I have a 2' thick stone wall in the centre of my
               | house (old exterior wall). I have an AP on either side of
               | it as they penetrate the ceilings/floors above fine, but
               | nothing is getting through that wall and maintaing good
               | signal.
        
               | wcfields wrote:
               | A 1920's stucco bungalow with chicken-wire in the walls
               | pretty much acts like a faraday cage in every single
               | room.
        
               | regularfry wrote:
               | 4 floors, 150-year-old brick, random steel girders in
               | annoying places, and a broadband line that comes into the
               | building at _almost_ the least convenient place possible.
               | Yeah, I need roaming.
        
               | Arnt wrote:
               | You don't have stone walls. And you haven't spent the
               | last year working in a study that's located between two
               | APs, where clients flip now and again and Zoom would tear
               | down the connection.
               | 
               | Of course you could say: Does the house have to be
               | designed that way? Do the APs have to be located where
               | they are, is it really necessary to have that stone wall,
               | is it necessary to put the study in the place where it
               | is, is it necessary to have that noise insulation around
               | the elevator? None of that is necessary, but some
               | Mikrotik hardware was much cheaper than getting rid of a
               | stone wall and more pleasant than having to hear it when
               | the neighbours use the elevators.
        
               | waheoo wrote:
               | It's not about walking and talking, it's about sticky
               | associations.
        
               | oceanplexian wrote:
               | Even if you don't "need" roaming having more coverage
               | lets you dial down the power on all of your APs, so you
               | can get much closer to the theoretical maximum
               | throughput.
        
               | martyvis wrote:
               | Also as long as you don't have big bags of attenuating
               | water (people) moving between you and your AP you also
               | funny need roaming.
        
               | theshrike79 wrote:
               | Yep, stupid L-shaped house where the inner curve is a
               | damn Faraday Cage. NOTHING goes through.
               | 
               | If I'm in the living room and need to move to the other
               | end of the house to get away from family-related noise,
               | the device needs to roam between two APs.
               | 
               | Unifi handles this without any issues.
        
               | l33tman wrote:
               | I went through this when setting up wlan in a new office
               | some years ago, looked at roaming APs etc.. finally I
               | just bought 4 consumer Asus routers on the same SSID,
               | worked fine for all our purposes at least.
        
               | labawi wrote:
               | Have you tried setting your transmit power low (just
               | enough to get good signal to the places intended, but
               | definitely no more than your devices can trasmit) and
               | increasing the minimum send rate to something reasonable
               | (say 10-40 Mbps, beacons use minimum rate)?
               | 
               | It should help high power bad signal (some devices use
               | fixed thresholds) and equalize the beacon vs. data
               | reception quality.
               | 
               | I don't think openwrt had data rate config in webui, but
               | it does support the setting in the config files (that I
               | normally scp onto a device). The following seems to work:
               | /etc/config/wireless:       config wifi-device 'radio0'
               | ...         option txpower '1'      << 1mW (more than
               | enough for 1 room)         option legacy_rates '0'
               | list basic_rate '24000 36000 48000 54000'         list
               | supported_rates '24000 36000 48000 54000'
        
             | StreamBright wrote:
             | I still remember the first Meraki device. It was so good. I
             | used it a lot.
        
             | judge2020 wrote:
             | > having a trustworthy and secured backend.
             | 
             | Ubiquiti had a secured backend - their screw-up was not
             | doing MFA on their admin accounts. I would still like if
             | there was an option for a local-only control panel.
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | If admin login is using weak credentials, it is by
               | definition not a secure backend. Password/credential
               | management and mandatory MFA are ALWAYS part of security
               | due diligence for suppliers.
        
               | uniformlyrandom wrote:
               | Except if it is awscli creds, then of course there is no
               | MFA.
        
               | Nextgrid wrote:
               | AWS STS solves this problem.
        
               | Quiark wrote:
               | Exactly, no workflow for terraform or CLI if you have U2F
               | (Yubikey) 2FA.
        
               | BillinghamJ wrote:
               | That's not true. You can use AWS SSO with the CLI/SDKs
               | (therefore including stuff like Terraform) with webauthn.
               | 
               | It briefly pops you out to a browser to authenticate and
               | caches a short lived token locally
        
               | darkr wrote:
               | If you use federated auth, then you can do whatever you
               | want; 10 UDF keys and a video of a special dance if you
               | so desire
        
               | Hnrobert42 wrote:
               | I really want to like U2F, but it's use cases seem so
               | limited.
        
               | StreamBright wrote:
               | There are way to limit the scope of those. One set of
               | credentials per environment for example. You can also
               | limit the use of the these credentials by policy.
               | 
               | https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/referenc
               | e_p...
        
               | LgWoodenBadger wrote:
               | What do you mean? Awscli supports key tokens from your
               | 2fa device if your access keys are configured to require
               | it
        
               | LilBytes wrote:
               | This has been a concern for me for a while, but it's
               | possible to use aws cli with mfa by throwing an IdP in
               | front of it.
               | 
               | The work flow we used was AWS Vault -> Okta -> short
               | lived AWS creds.
        
               | cyberlab wrote:
               | > their screw-up was not doing MFA on their admin
               | accounts
               | 
               | MFA is not a silver bullet. You can still login with
               | stolen cookies and 'replay' the session without signing
               | in.
        
               | krageon wrote:
               | > their screw-up was not doing MFA
               | 
               | So you're saying it was both not trustworthy and not
               | adequately secured?
        
               | red_phone wrote:
               | For their UniFi line, at least, you don't have to use
               | their cloud controller. You can self-host.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Is that true on the UDM-Pro?
               | 
               | I couldn't see an option on setup.
               | 
               | I might try block it from internet and see what happens.
        
               | notwedtm wrote:
               | Yes, this is true. You can access the Unifi controller on
               | the local internal IP.
        
               | MobileVet wrote:
               | Yep, I have my controller running on a Synology 720+ NAS
               | that has zero 'wide area network' access. Everything is
               | local to my home.
               | 
               | I am deeply saddened by Ubiquiti's fall from grace...
               | they were so good.
        
               | DividableMiddle wrote:
               | Can you go into more detail about your setup? I have 920+
               | and am in the market for a new router (controller? Still
               | learning the terminology).
        
               | hedora wrote:
               | The cloud controller is a (surprisingly heavyweight)
               | service that manages a network of unifi devices. It can
               | run on a raspberry pi, or an x86 container / vm.
               | 
               | If I wanted to run it all the time, I'd try putting it in
               | a docker container on my synology.
               | 
               | Instead, I have an sd card for my raspberry pi that has
               | nothing but the controller installed. The main downsides
               | to this are that it is easy to lose the sd card, and that
               | the controller gathers bandwidth/usage/wifi connection
               | reliability stats, but only when it is running. I don't
               | get those unless I boot up the RPi to diagnose some
               | network issue (this has never been an issue in practice).
               | 
               | One advantage of the RPi setup over a synology container
               | is that it has both a ethernet jack and a wifi adaptor.
               | This is surprisingly helpful when bootstrapping
               | complicated mesh topologies.
        
               | katbyte wrote:
               | I have a UDMpro which self-hosts a controller, thou
               | personally if i knew it couldn't be joined to another
               | controller i'd have gotten something else so i could
               | throw it in docker (which runs on a NUC with the storage
               | off a synology)
        
               | MobileVet wrote:
               | Yep, I put it in a Docker container on the Synology.
               | Fairly straight forward. I followed a guide like this:
               | 
               | https://lazyadmin.nl/home-network/unifi-controller-on-a-
               | syno...
        
               | asix66 wrote:
               | Yes. I run the controller on a raspberry pi 4. Local
               | only.
               | 
               | I too am disappointed in UniFi's direction.
               | 
               | I used to recommend them. I don't now.
        
               | katbyte wrote:
               | What do you use/recommend now?
        
               | asix66 wrote:
               | Gosh. I wish I knew. This thread is rife with
               | alternatives, so other's guess is as good as mine. The
               | unifi wifis I have running are still good and work
               | extremely well. So my suggestion is to keep using them,
               | but only if you host the controller software on your own
               | hardware (I'm using RPi 4 as stated) and only if you
               | avoid their cloud solution(s). (This IMO).
               | 
               | I am still looking for alternatives when the time comes
               | to replace mine. Which I'll be forced to replace once/if
               | they completely nerf the self hosted on self hardware
               | options.
        
               | cle wrote:
               | This is what I do. I host a controller in AWS on an EC2
               | instance in my account. It works great.
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | Out of interest, why wouldn't you host it on something
               | like a raspberry pi?
               | 
               | Having your local network depend on an external network
               | makes my old school sysadmin bones tingle for some
               | reason.
        
               | gregmac wrote:
               | The Ubiquiti controller is not needed for general
               | operation, unless you're using a guest hotspot. Otherwise
               | if it's offline you just lose ability to do configuration
               | and it's data/stats logging.
        
               | julianz wrote:
               | It's also needed if you want to have any control over
               | SSID's such as enabling/disabling on a schedule,
               | bandwidth limiting and so on.
        
               | thrixton wrote:
               | Hah, that's a dream world where enabling/disabling SSID's
               | ever worked properly.
               | 
               | They have a good UI, good hardware but the software seems
               | half baked.
               | 
               | Originally with the switch to the "new settings", the
               | schedules were switched between the AP's and the UDM, not
               | sure about a dedicated cloud controller.
               | 
               | Great product, poor QA I think.
        
               | cle wrote:
               | Laziness? I can just set it up with a couple of clicks
               | and pay almost nothing (it runs on a t2).
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | katbyte wrote:
               | I run a local controller with no remote access for unifi
               | - i would never use any networking hardware that needed a
               | cloud controller/connection for breaches exactly like
               | this.
        
               | StreamBright wrote:
               | I never onboard anybody without MFA. Turning it off is a
               | firing offense.
        
             | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
             | My personal experience with Meraki has been the very
             | definition of vendor lock-in.
             | 
             | The security appliance was relatively cheap, then we saw
             | the fine print that the total bandwidth was artificially
             | limited and increased only adaquetly two product levels up.
             | Sorry Mr BubbleTime, you need to buy a new applicance and a
             | new license. Your old one is worth nothing and non-
             | transferable, watch it rot.
             | 
             | The switches seem absurdly expensive when you consider the
             | 5-7 year licensing costs. And the quality is poor at best
             | considering Meraki went and pushed a firmware update that
             | bricked every fan in every 48 port switch we had. But you
             | have the security appliance so it "only makes sense" to pay
             | for these switches.
             | 
             | We had an IPSEC incompatibility between a vendor with an
             | ASA and our Meraki gear. The solution was to buy a Cisco
             | device just for that one connection.
             | 
             | All in all, it's passable, but because of the lock-in it's
             | not like I have a cost effective choice to get away from
             | it. I wouldn't chose it again.
             | 
             | That said, it does offer a mediocre IT tech a single pane
             | of glass they have to try to mess up.
             | 
             | Of all the Meraki factors I've learned and considered, that
             | it is cloud-based is the least important towards my
             | recommendation or lack of. There are lots of people that
             | would be happy to explain all the ways my experience is
             | wrong, but whatever.
             | 
             | Short version, I wouldn't do it again.
        
               | foobiekr wrote:
               | Is there a community for this kind of discussion at this
               | point? When I was an admin, and then later working in
               | networking in the 2000s, there were tons of very active
               | mailing lists, not just for hardcore networking but for
               | IT-oriented stuff, mostly all faded to a shadow of their
               | former selves.
               | 
               | I'd be particularly interested in comparisons of
               | Meraki/Mist/etc. for small enterprise and campus.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | Some of the relevant subreddits have decent discussions
               | from time to time. The grandfather is /r/networking, but
               | if you look at its sidebar, there's a long list of other
               | subreddits for more specific subjects and individual
               | brands. Stick to the subs for professionals rather than
               | minor home network issues and you'll find quite a few
               | knowledgeable people and plenty of anecdotes both good
               | and bad about different brands etc.
        
               | foobiekr wrote:
               | thanks
        
               | jlawer wrote:
               | Completely agree with the lock-in, and they aren't the
               | best / featureful device out there. It seems the sweet
               | spot for them is places with LARGE distributed footprints
               | (such as retailers), where you can have very simple
               | networking (some back to HQ, the rest to internet).
               | 
               | It fits well with being able to rapidly bring bodies into
               | a project and implement change X across hundreds of
               | stores, while having a standing IT team of 5.
               | 
               | If you have onsite (fulltime) IT, its likely not the best
               | option.
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | "Cloud-based" is the implementation; the killer feature
               | is the single pane of glass. It's just hard to implement
               | that without putting a bunch of logic in the cloud.
               | 
               | Last I worked at Meraki was 2015; I don't remember any
               | artificial limiting of bandwidth at that time.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | _" Cloud-based" is the implementation; the killer feature
               | is the single pane of glass. It's just hard to implement
               | that without putting a bunch of logic in the cloud._
               | 
               | Hard in what way? As long as the control traffic has
               | paths between all relevant devices over the management
               | LAN, why does the cloud need to be used at all?
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | 1. Putting the management UI on a local system requires
               | some custom networking setup, and is full of security
               | footguns.
               | 
               | 2. Most customers who want this have multi-site setups;
               | in that case, you need paths across the public internet
               | too. Again security footguns, and also reliability ones.
               | 
               | 3. Remote work is very very common for IT people.
               | 
               | 4. Recovery from configuration mess-ups is harder if your
               | control plane has to run on the same network that you've
               | messed up.
               | 
               | There _are_ on-site controllers available. They 've just
               | lost out in the market because of the amount of in-house
               | IT expertise they require. No one wants to deal with that
               | shit, and outsourcing the security and reliability
               | problems to a specialized third party is usually a good
               | idea.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | This looks like an enterprise perspective. For smaller
               | organisations operating on a single site, some of these
               | concerns won't apply. I also think you're being a little
               | one-sided there because cloud-hosted configuration has
               | its own risks in terms of security and accidentally
               | cutting off your management access, many of them directly
               | analogous to the ones you mentioned, _plus_ you have all
               | the usual concerns about any critical system that depends
               | on Internet connectivity to work properly. At the end of
               | the day, nothing is more reliable than local wired
               | networking, and nothing is more flexible for disaster
               | recovery than having someone physically on-site.
               | 
               | In the prosumer to small business segment, I would argue
               | that there is still enormous potential value in being
               | able to configure all of the network gear from a single
               | GUI, not least because it _doesn 't_ then require a lot
               | of in-house networking expertise to get something going
               | that works and is reasonably secure.
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | > also think you're being a little one-sided there
               | because cloud-hosted configuration has its own risks in
               | terms of security and accidentally cutting off your
               | management access, many of them directly analogous to the
               | ones you mentioned,
               | 
               | But with a cloud-managed system you have a professional,
               | single-purpose organization dealing with those
               | challenges. Which you are getting for the rock-bottom
               | price of your licensing/support plan. Building a good
               | internal IT organization is hard and expensive, and most
               | businesses have other things to do.
               | 
               | > _plus_ you have all the usual concerns about any
               | critical system that depends on Internet connectivity to
               | work properly.
               | 
               | Generally these systems only need internet connectivity
               | to change the configuration and for some monitoring
               | features. In practice, customers are okay with these
               | being unavailable during internet outages as long as both
               | the management platform and the ISP are on a pretty
               | strict SLA.
               | 
               | (Compare, for example, the usual downtime from your
               | 1-4-person IT team not having someone with the right
               | skills on call.)
               | 
               | > and nothing is more flexible for disaster recovery than
               | having someone physically on-site.
               | 
               | Who has the cash for that?
               | 
               | > In the prosumer to small business segment, I would
               | argue that there is still enormous potential value in
               | being able to configure all of the network gear from a
               | single GUI, not least because it doesn't then require a
               | lot of in-house networking expertise to get something
               | going that works and is reasonably secure.
               | 
               | That was my original point: "Generally, halfway decent
               | wireless APs are all targeted at the enterprise market.
               | Consumer hardware is a brutal race to the bottom, as lay
               | consumers aren't qualified to compare options based on
               | anything but price and UI. Ubiquiti was an outlier in
               | trying to bring enterprise features to the consumer
               | market"
               | 
               | I don't know what your standard for a 10-to-50-employee
               | small business is, but "point your browser at this IP
               | address" is usually beyond their in-house technical
               | skills [1]. Small businesses whose core competence is
               | software/networking, or who by coincidence have that
               | expertise in-house, are a tiny niche market. No one [2]
               | cares.
               | 
               | [1] See for example the rise of the Managed Service
               | Provider, which was a large and growing subsegment for
               | Meraki back in 2015 or so. Showing up, installing the
               | hardware, setting up the wireless, and then managing it
               | from your office a few miles away is a _big_ business
               | opportunity, and is a much more efficient use of limited
               | skilled IT labor.
               | 
               | [2] No one with substantial resources and a profit
               | motive.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | OK, with tongue firmly in cheek, I will try to reply to
               | your points from the perspective of the small
               | organisations I was talking about.
               | 
               |  _But with a cloud-managed system you have a
               | professional, single-purpose organization dealing with
               | those challenges._
               | 
               | Just to be clear, are you thinking of the professional,
               | single-purpose organization we've been discussing today
               | in the context of a catastrophic data breach, the one
               | we've been discussing in the context of incompatibilities
               | with other vendors, lock-in effects and expensive
               | licensing, or a different one?
               | 
               |  _Generally these systems only need internet connectivity
               | to change the configuration and for some monitoring
               | features_
               | 
               | So as long as the equipment is set up exactly how we need
               | it and never needs to change or be checked for any
               | reason, everything is good. It's hard to imagine why
               | these devices need a UI at all, when the engineer who
               | installs the equipment could just set it up once and then
               | you're done.
               | 
               |  _In practice, customers are okay with these being
               | unavailable during internet outages as long as both the
               | management platform and the ISP are on a pretty strict
               | SLA._
               | 
               | John: Bob, the Internet is out again. Who do I call at
               | the ISP?
               | 
               | Bob: We don't have a dedicated contact, it's just the
               | business support number on their website.
               | 
               | John: I'm in the queue, at number 17. What's our maximum
               | time for someone from the ISP to contact us about an
               | outage? That might be faster.
               | 
               | Bob: No-one will call, but if it's not back by next
               | business day we do get PS50 off next month's bill.
               | 
               | (This is roughly how that conversation probably goes when
               | you're a 20-person organisation with two floor of an
               | office building on a business park outside a small town.)
               | 
               |  _(Compare, for example, the usual downtime from your
               | 1-4-person IT team not having someone with the right
               | skills on call.)_
               | 
               | What's an IT team?
               | 
               |  _Who has the cash for that?_
               | 
               | What cash? When we have a new starter, John or Bob sets
               | up the WiFi on their laptop and company phone and adds
               | those MAC addresses to the whitelist for the network.
               | Normally John works in development and Bob works in
               | sales, but they do know a bit about networks so this is
               | fine. Well, as long as they can get to the GUI, anyway.
               | 
               |  _Small businesses whose core competence is software
               | /networking, or who by coincidence have that expertise
               | in-house, are a tiny niche market. No one [2] cares._
               | 
               | And yet as someone who has worked for software
               | development businesses for an entire career and whose
               | customers/clients have mostly been other relatively small
               | organisations of one type or another, I have never met
               | one that didn't. Of course that could be because I've
               | tended to work with other technically-inclined
               | businesses, but the same is true even for schools or my
               | own business's accountants. I'm not claiming this is some
               | sort of universal truth, but I don't think the market is
               | nearly as tiny as you're suggesting, at least not in this
               | part of the world (the UK).
               | 
               | Remember, we're probably not talking about setting up
               | encrypted WAN tunnels across continents and multiple
               | layers of switches in a data centre here. We're more
               | likely to be talking about getting an Internet connection
               | with suitable firewall set up, connecting a handful of
               | switches and APs and making sure everyone knows the WiFi
               | password, and installing everyday software on the staff
               | PCs and mobile devices with maybe some basic
               | configuration and enabling updates.
               | 
               |  _[1] See for example the rise of the Managed Service
               | Provider, which was a large and growing subsegment for
               | Meraki back in 2015 or so. Showing up, installing the
               | hardware, setting up the wireless, and then managing it
               | from your office a few miles away is a big business
               | opportunity, and is a much more efficient use of limited
               | skilled IT labor._
               | 
               | They're not unheard-of here, but again, in my experience
               | such arrangements are far less common in smaller
               | organisations than just having a couple of people on the
               | staff who also "set up the IT" and know enough for the
               | kinds of everyday admin tasks you're talking about.
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | > What cash? When we have a new starter, John or Bob sets
               | up the WiFi on their laptop and company phone and adds
               | those MAC addresses to the whitelist for the network.
               | Normally John works in development and Bob works in
               | sales, but they do know a bit about networks so this is
               | fine. Well, as long as they can get to the GUI, anyway.
               | 
               | "Small businesses whose core competence is
               | software/networking, or who by coincidence have that
               | expertise in-house, are a tiny niche market."
               | 
               | You have that expertise in house. Having looked at sales
               | numbers and market research for a company that sold
               | internationally and cross-industry: yes, your experience
               | is very unrepresentative.
               | 
               | > even for schools...
               | 
               | Tangent: schools are honestly pretty technically
               | sophisticated! We sold to some of them at Meraki, but
               | they were drawn to us more for labor savings than to
               | compensate for limited expertise. Education customers
               | typically had very few (especially in perpetually-
               | underfunded US primary and secondary schools), but very
               | competent, IT people. They were feature-hungry power
               | users.
               | 
               | In part that's because, even with low employee headcount,
               | they have to provide a surprising level of IT services
               | per student as well. A school with 80 employees and 1000
               | students probably has the IT workload of a white-collar
               | employer with 500+ headcount.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | _You have that expertise in house. Having looked at sales
               | numbers and market research for a company that sold
               | internationally and cross-industry: yes, your experience
               | is very unrepresentative._
               | 
               | OK, let's assume that's true for the sake of discussion.
               | According to your market research and sales numbers, what
               | _is_ the big market for these cloud-managed products
               | among smaller organisations, and how _do_ those
               | organisations generally manage their IT facilities?
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | Generally, they either:
               | 
               | 1. Use low-cost consumer hardware with zero centralized
               | management, and set it up with the same expertise and
               | judgment as your typical residential deployment.
               | 
               | 2. Have one admin person with the wherewithal work with
               | web UIs, and wants a simple setup-and-forget system. UI
               | not much more complicated than a single-AP residential
               | deployment, user management workflow no more complicated
               | than adding a G-Suite user. If they can use the default
               | password for the admin system, they will (which e.g.
               | Meraki and Aruba don't have in any meaningful sense).
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | OK, so let's look at the second of those, since the first
               | is consumer level and not really our target market for
               | professional grade networking equipment.
               | 
               | Your original contention was that it's hard to implement
               | a single pane UI without putting a bunch of logic in the
               | cloud. If our hypothetical one admin person with some
               | idea of what they're doing, together with any automatic
               | assistance the relevant devices provide, can set up
               | enough local networking that all of those devices can
               | reliably access the Internet and support cloud-based
               | configuration, then a similar process can set up those
               | devices to support single pane configuration using the
               | LAN only.
               | 
               | At that point, looking back to the four "hard problems"
               | you enumerated a few comments ago, I still don't see a
               | strong argument for needing the cloud dependency.
               | 
               | The risks around network setup and reliability don't seem
               | any worse for LAN-based configuration than cloud-based.
               | In fact, LAN-based clearly has an advantage by not
               | relying on any external infrastructure. It also has the
               | advantage that if you want to get more serious for a
               | larger deployment, you can run independent cabling and
               | create a dedicated management network for control
               | signalling, while most places aren't going to have an
               | independent second Internet connection for management
               | traffic if you accidentally break your configuration so
               | your main data network loses Internet access.
               | 
               | Managing multiple sites is probably a non-issue at this
               | level of the market.
               | 
               | Remote access for IT/support people is easily provided if
               | necessary by having safe and easy VPN setup as part of
               | your user-friendly interface. This has the added
               | advantage that your tech people can also reach any other
               | parts of the network they need, and so you might have
               | required this functionality anyway. And if it's locally
               | configured, you can always quickly shut that VPN access
               | off again in case of any security worries, without
               | needing anyone else's remote systems to be working
               | properly before you can secure your own in an emergency.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | > 4. Recovery from configuration mess-ups is harder if
               | your control plane has to run on the same network that
               | you've messed up.
               | 
               | That's a senseless statement in the context of a cloud
               | solution that requires Internet to work.
        
               | azernik wrote:
               | In actual deployments and support situations I saw at
               | Meraki, connectivity from individual hosts to the
               | internet was usually the most reliable part of the
               | network.
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | At this point, it feels like the reasons to use or not
               | use Cisco for networking are much the same as the reasons
               | to use or not use Oracle for databases. I'm not sure it
               | has much to do with the technology in either case any
               | more.
        
           | antattack wrote:
           | Omada EAP245. You can use appliance and/or software
           | controller that you can run locally, to manage your APs no
           | cloud needed.
           | 
           | https://www.tp-link.com/us/business-networking/ceiling-
           | mount...
        
             | nicolas314 wrote:
             | And if you only have one, no need to run Omada. Completely
             | controlled from the AP web interface.
        
           | topher_t wrote:
           | I hear Cardi B and Megan Thee Stallion have some pretty
           | excellent WAP's.
        
           | mattmcknight wrote:
           | You are going to end up paying for a license to cover
           | security updates. I use Fortinet, not cheap.
        
           | Scramblejams wrote:
           | No, TP-Link's Omada controller can be run locally, I do that
           | at home and at my parents' house. It is not cloud-connected
           | unless you turn that on. Runs surprisingly well on a
           | Raspberry Pi 2, actually.
           | 
           | I've got a setup similar to what you're asking for. The TP-
           | Link APs (AC1750, AC1350 and AC1200) support PoE, they're in
           | a wireless mesh, support roaming, and all configuration is
           | handled with one interface, no cloud involved.
           | 
           | Just make sure that what you're ordering says it supports
           | Omada. They still ship a lot of SMB gear that doesn't, but
           | all the basics are there now.
        
             | IgorPartola wrote:
             | How is the experience otherwise? Roaming? Throughput?
             | Reliability? I generally like their hardware.
        
               | jackweirdy wrote:
               | Great without it. The major improvement I noticed with
               | it, is 802.11k & v (faster handoff).
               | 
               | Without those, it takes a little longer for the device to
               | switch APs at the borders of their coverage. Mostly
               | imperceptible, but the longer handoff times can be enough
               | to kill a phone call over iPhone WiFi calling
        
               | agurk wrote:
               | I run a similar setup with a bunch of EAP-225 APs
               | controlled by a local instance of their Omada software
               | (running on x64 rather that on ARM).
               | 
               | I've been very happy with roaming/throughput/reliability
               | generally. The EAP-225 is 2x2, which they don't readily
               | announce. Their newer and more expensive units are
               | available as 4x4. That being said they're so cheap, I've
               | been happy just to throw more onto the network.
               | 
               | For the software to manage them it uses some kind of
               | multicast identification scheme to find new APs. If
               | you're on a different subnet then it won't be able to
               | automatically see them. They have a tool to connect to
               | the AP and give it the management server IP, but that's
               | Windows only.
               | 
               | The other option (that I went for) is just to create a
               | management VLAN (good practice anyway) that the
               | controller and APs live on. This is specifically
               | supported by the APs.
        
               | Scramblejams wrote:
               | Only been using it for a few months but it's been good. I
               | moved the config I mentioned above (the three APs) to my
               | parents' house and they haven't had any problems.
               | Throughput in their case is a little limited but that's
               | expected with the installation (no ethernet and a lotta
               | walls). Hasn't needed a reboot or anything.
               | 
               | I just started using an EAP660 HD[1] at home a week ago,
               | so far so good. Haven't topped out the speeds yet because
               | nothing in my house can take advantage, but I have some
               | AX200 cards coming. I understand there's a throughput bug
               | at the moment that's going to be solved in a future
               | firmware fix[0], but my clients don't go fast enough to
               | hit that yet. TP-Link seems to very actively update their
               | firmware for the pieces I've been using, FWIW.
               | 
               | So I've been pretty happy with it so far. Roaming has
               | been fine, though in one case I think I had non-optimally
               | located a couple of APs because my Linux laptop kept
               | rapid-fire flapping between two of them. I believe that's
               | a client-side problem, though.
               | 
               | I did try a Cisco 240AC and its wifi performance was rock
               | solid. The management interface is non-cloud, and I
               | believe covers the whole network, but it lives inside the
               | AP itself, which I don't love. The management UI is buggy
               | and they seem slow to push bugfixes, and when I added a
               | 142ACM to extend my network it started going flaky -- I
               | had to do a factory reset/reconfigure of the 240AC to
               | resolve it, then it happened again a few weeks later --
               | so I'm gonna flip my Cisco stuff on eBay. :-(
               | 
               | [0] https://hwp.media/articles/review_and_test_of_the_tp_
               | link_ea...
               | 
               | [1] Tip if you adopt one of these in Omada: You need to
               | give Omada the EAP660's password (default
               | "admin"/"admin") for it to successfully adopt. The other
               | APs never required a password to adopt, so it was a
               | little confusing until the internet came to the rescue.
        
               | IgorPartola wrote:
               | SOLD! Thank you.
        
               | Scramblejams wrote:
               | Good luck! If you think of it, post a reply back here
               | letting me know how it goes.
        
               | fangorn wrote:
               | I bought 3 EAP330s and TP-Link deprecated them after a
               | year or so. No more firmware upgrades for their (then)
               | top "enterprise" access points. Rumour says they weren't
               | happy with the chipset, so decided to abandon them
               | altogether (just this model, cheaper ones were on
               | different chipsets and support was available for longer).
               | Last time I checked there was no OpenWRT support of any
               | kind. They did hang when I had port aggregation enabled
               | and seemed to run rather hot. But feature-wise and non-
               | trunked-networking-wise they were fine, supported what I
               | was looking for, no cloud, I didn't even use the
               | controller, you can just manage them "the old school"
               | way. But don't count on years of support.
        
               | laurentdc wrote:
               | For what it's worth, we've been running about 15 TP-Link
               | EAP225 in a warehouse without any hiccups so far. Most
               | importantly they don't randomly die or lose the
               | controller pairing like some low end Ubiquiti units tried
               | in the past. The only quirk is that on Windows Server you
               | have to configure the service manually, but it's no big
               | deal. [0]
               | 
               | [0] https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/2915/
        
               | Melkman wrote:
               | I also have a TP-Link Omada setup. For layer2 networking
               | with switches and AP's it's fine. Cost effective,
               | reasonably stable, acceptable performance and features
               | that are regularly used are all there.
               | 
               | The layer-3 stuff however is still early days and I can't
               | recommend getting the secure gateway at this time. No
               | IPv6 support. Depends strictly on an internet uplink
               | configuration for default route to which all traffic is
               | then NATted. Can't change that. No real security
               | features, no packet inspection etc. The routing features
               | really feel like an alpha version. They are working on it
               | and have a roadmap to a more workable layer-3 solution.
               | So maybe in the future the will be as nice as the
               | Ubiquity solution.
               | 
               | Cloud is not needed but possible. You can get an OC-200
               | controller for not much money that fills the role of
               | single pane configuration webinterface. The software for
               | that controller can also be downloaded for Linux on PC or
               | ARM if you want to use your own hardware. Also the
               | network keeps running if the controller is down.
        
               | Scramblejams wrote:
               | Do you know if you can opt out of the cloud connection on
               | the OC-200?
        
               | scheme271 wrote:
               | If you login to the OC200, it's under settings > cloud
               | access. It should be off by default. Or you can login to
               | the cloud interface and forget the OC200 under actions.
        
             | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
             | Are you concerned that TP-Link is a Chinese company? Could
             | your data be exfiltrated back to China?
        
               | caeril wrote:
               | edit: Oops, disregard, I've violated HN hivemind
               | statutes, despite being completely factually correct!
               | 
               | What I meant to say is that US law enforcement, and in
               | particular the FBI, are 100% perfect in every way. Nobody
               | has EVER used lawful request overreach to ruin the lives
               | of innocent people. Praise be to J. Edgar Hoover!
        
               | dang wrote:
               | What you did here was vandalism. Please don't make rage
               | edits on HN.
               | 
               | Please do review
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and
               | stick to the rules when commenting, regardless of how
               | wrong other commenters are or you feel they are.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | It's a sad commentary on how low the bar has been
               | lowered. "No, you're system isn't secure, but the people
               | that can access it can't really do you bodily harm" is
               | not really the level I would hope we are trying to
               | acheive.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | This isn't useful input on where the actual bar is since
               | these are all just conspiracy theories. Who is doing any
               | of this?
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you're calling conspiracy theories
               | since it looks like the GP edited his content, but if you
               | think China is not exfiltrating data from hardware, let
               | me know. I'll provide you with copious references from
               | the recent past. Sure, the US is doing it, too.
        
               | marderfarker2 wrote:
               | Please do provide the references.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | Here are just a few. There are more if you dig deeper:
               | 
               | https://cybernews.com/security/walmart-exclusive-routers-
               | oth...
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/information-
               | technology/2014/04/easte...
               | 
               | https://www.zdnet.com/article/multiple-backdoors-and-
               | vulnera...
               | 
               | Even Cisco was doing it:
               | https://www.zdnet.com/article/cisco-removed-its-seventh-
               | back...
               | 
               | And the NSA was known to be intercepting router shipments
               | to international customers, injecting their backdoors,
               | then re-shipping the modified hardware:
               | 
               | https://www.infoworld.com/article/2608141/snowden--the-
               | nsa-p... (this is documented all of the place; infoworld
               | may not be the best source but it is just one)
               | 
               | For every example that is exposed, it is safe to assume
               | there are others that have not been found.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | I certainly think they do for businesses, but worrying
               | about state actors attacking your home network is kind of
               | pretentious until they actually do it. Are you that
               | special?
               | 
               | The comment was something about how if you get the FBI
               | mad they'll fabricate a drug case against you which
               | somehow involves hacking into your home router or
               | possibly subpoenaing your ISP.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | If the favorite color of hat for you happens to be black,
               | then sure, why wouldn't the state actors being looking
               | for you? If you've done some stuff that involved using
               | credit cards that didn't belong to you or any other of a
               | myriad of things on the FBI's list of things you should
               | not do, then they will be looking for you.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Kinda like spreading the risks
        
               | snypher wrote:
               | I'm not sure where your router connects upstream, but
               | they don't have to swim very far to find somewhere to
               | feed.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Scramblejams wrote:
               | As a US citizen, I would love for there to be a
               | reasonably-priced US-made alternative. I guess Netgear
               | could be one[0], but their Insight management system is
               | cloud-only, isn't it? Happy to be corrected.
               | 
               | I think I'd rather take an ostensibly-offline controller
               | from China than a cloud-enabled one from the US, though
               | I'm not really happy with those options. :-(
               | 
               | Are there some good options I missed? Would like to hear
               | about them, if there are any.
               | 
               | [0] I expect their hardware is made in China, even if
               | their controller may not be.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | Seems like an opportunity for router software with great
               | UI and management on linux or pi to excel. then run it on
               | anything.
        
               | mypalmike wrote:
               | What data would they even want? My WiFi password? My
               | PPPoE password? All my https packets?
        
               | ghostpepper wrote:
               | Do you work from home? Does your company have any
               | valuable intellectual property?
        
               | mypalmike wrote:
               | What's the specific mechanism of data capture you would
               | be worried about?
        
           | jlawer wrote:
           | Synology. Isn't cheap, decent performance though. However it
           | doesn't seem to be the brands focus
        
           | c0nsumer wrote:
           | Ruckus with the Unleashed firmware.
           | 
           | I bought an R610 AP on eBay a few months back, flashed it
           | with the Ruckus firmware (legally available to all from their
           | site), and it does exactly what you want. On-prem only, no
           | cloud, one of the APs will act as a controller/manager for
           | the others, and they can all communicate via wired or meshing
           | off of each other. One of them can even be a NAT thing if you
           | want.
           | 
           | I think I paid around $160 because someone had a bunch of
           | off-lease ones. But if you look up anything that supports the
           | Unleashed firmware you'll be good. 802.1ax is the hotness
           | right now, so the slightly older (but still work great) ones
           | are a LOT cheaper.
           | 
           | I replaced a Ubiquiti setup with a Ruckus R610 and small
           | fanless running OPNsense (Protectli) with a basic switch and
           | POE injector and it's excellent. Sure, it's not single pane
           | of glass for it all, but the AP is rock solid and OPNsense is
           | a solid known quantity. I've got no regrets.
        
             | hyperpl wrote:
             | Same here, I ditched my Ubiquiti and went with Ruckus and I
             | could not be happier. I'm just so sorry that I ever bought
             | into Ubiquiti's marketing when I purchased their AP. The
             | Ruckus performs so much better and the mgmt software is
             | light years better than Ubiquiti. I also run a Protectli
             | but on OpenBSD (from pfsense originally).
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | TranceMan wrote:
           | Have a look into Ruckus with their local zone director
           | offering.
        
           | bayindirh wrote:
           | I'm running a TP-Link VR2100 and a bunch of RE200 repeaters
           | in mesh mode. Nothing is cloud based.
           | 
           | All cloud based management stuff is optional and provides TP-
           | Link's own DDNS support and remote access only. You don't
           | have to use it.
        
           | __d wrote:
           | Maybe a bit too soon, but has anyone tried Maxwell?
           | https://www.crowdsupply.com/andy-haas/maxwell
        
           | tumblewit wrote:
           | Most unifi APs have openwrt ports
        
           | r1ch wrote:
           | I'm a big fan of flashing OpenWRT on supported APs. You lose
           | central management and setup takes time, but I'm very happy
           | with the stability and no worries about cloud services or
           | vendor lock-in etc.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | Also add that all of the SOHO equipment is garbage that drops
           | connections randomly, crashes, or simply can't deal with some
           | WiFi chips.
           | 
           | This is the reason I went with the Ubiquity UniFi 6 years
           | ago. It was the only one I tried that didn't constantly drop
           | connections or cost a fortune. But it's only G and I've been
           | considering an upgrade, but there are no good options on the
           | market that don't have stupid cloud management bullshit, are
           | built on garbage hardware, or cost an arm and a leg.
        
           | glsdfgkjsklfj wrote:
           | i did the same research 3mo ago. Was torn between a Ubiquiti
           | (mostly because a coworker was bugging me) and a Ruckus
           | Unleashed.
           | 
           | I wish i had gone with the Ruckus.
           | 
           | The lie that you can _easily_ self host your own controller
           | for ubiquiti is vastly exaggerated. Spent several hours of a
           | Saturday patching extremely ancient versions of mongodb and
           | compiling stuff. Not to mention that if you have a VM and
           | turn the controller off, several features of the APs will
           | stop working. and range for their Pro AP is lacking at most.
           | 
           | I wish ubiquiti just published the damn shell commands so i
           | could be able to manage it without the silly troublesome
           | "controller" which is just an annoying web ui. So
           | condescending and inefficient just for the sake of exploiting
           | the customer base for lock-in effect. They are just a little
           | cisco.
        
           | weaksauce wrote:
           | have you checked out eero? https://eero.com/
           | 
           | I know someone that works there and they seem pretty happy
           | with the place and product. just saw the amazon link now
           | though so that may be a detriment depending on your view of
           | them. (I have never used their systems or anything so it's
           | not really an endorsement but something to consider)
        
             | pseudalopex wrote:
             | Eero is cloud controlled.
        
           | philjohn wrote:
           | Unifi cloud controller is optional, but they don't make it
           | easy to figure that out.
           | 
           | Setting up a UDM first thing I did was add a local super
           | admin account, then disable remote access. That way, if their
           | cloud auth servers are down I'm not affected as I use the
           | local admin account.
        
           | merlyn wrote:
           | Sure plenty of solutions out there, but its all going to be
           | Enterprise priced. $600-$700 an AP, plus whatever is going to
           | be the controller. In this space, you'll find cloud based
           | options, controller based options, and standalone.
           | 
           | If you are willing to go this price range, I think FortiAPs
           | feeding back to a Fortigate FW is rock solid solution. But a
           | FortiAP-431F is $616. And a base FG60F as controller is $535
           | + service if you need it. And although you probably won't
           | need repair options, support/maintenance is a yearly fee
           | ontop of that.
           | 
           | Ubiquity was definately a unique company offering many of the
           | enterprise features for consumer pricing.
        
           | rexarex wrote:
           | At least a few years ago you could self host Aruba.
        
           | Angostura wrote:
           | Agree about TP-Link. I bought some Deco mesh kit for the
           | house and am generally pleased with its performance. However
           | the fact that I can't configure them locally is a massive
           | turn-off from buying the stuff in the future.
           | 
           | I use the TPLink forums to put local management in as a
           | feature request. Perhaps if enough people make a noise?
        
           | Lammy wrote:
           | I have exactly this setup with three Aruba Instant APs (WiFi
           | 5), but afaict they've combined the Instant product line with
           | their cloud offering or something? I'm not entirely sure
           | where they're going with it, but I am very happy with the
           | setup I have.
        
           | roody15 wrote:
           | Aruba sells IAP instant models that do this. No cloud
           | required.
           | 
           | (also sell campus controller local no cloud ... but this
           | route is pricey)
        
             | DrPhish wrote:
             | Yup IAP with airwave management is a sweet setup...if you
             | can afford it! Even better combined with clearpass and
             | 802.1x
        
           | ergo14 wrote:
           | TP-Link is not cloud based - you can run the controller
           | locally. https://www.tp-link.com/pl/support/download/omada-
           | software-c... - Downloadable here.
        
           | kardianos wrote:
           | Mikrotik CAPsMAN
        
           | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
           | > Does anyone have a decent WAP where I can use PoE
           | 
           | There are PoE devices with OpenWRT support[1] and should be
           | possible to enable 802.11r if they have the support. They can
           | be managed locally even with self-signed certificate.
           | 
           | [1] https://openwrt.org/toh/views/toh_poe-powered
        
             | IgorPartola wrote:
             | I use OpenWRT now and would really rather avoid it. I want
             | a central controller, not having every AP have its own UI.
             | Plus firmware updates area always an adventure.
        
               | the8472 wrote:
               | OpenWRT also provides SSH access and CLI tools, so if
               | needed things can be automated the old-fashioned way.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | I don't know about you, but I "automate the old-fashioned
               | way" at my day job, I want the damned thing to just work
               | without me bothering with "SSH access and CLI tools" at
               | home.
        
               | fock wrote:
               | and how many APs do you have at home?
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Right now? 1. But that's about to change, that's why I'm
               | reading these comments. I was planning on buying a bunch
               | of Ubiquiti APs.
        
               | nwmcsween wrote:
               | I'll let you in on a little secret, Ubiquity runs openwrt
               | as can be seen by sshing into any uaps
        
               | IgorPartola wrote:
               | That's fine. I think it's a great project. But I want
               | someone else to worry about what happens during each
               | firmware update. It's not trivial.
        
               | josteink wrote:
               | > Plus firmware updates area always an adventure.
               | 
               | To somewhat eliminate the chances of adventure, I've
               | profiled the setup for each of my many OpenWRT devices
               | and created unique profiles for them in a (reasonably)
               | simple Git repo[1].
               | 
               | All I need to do to get device-specific firmware is to
               | update the OpenWRT version-number in a single makefile
               | and the rest happens automatically.
               | 
               | I've even setup Github Actions to build the firmware for
               | me (basically, run make), so I can even get/build new
               | firmware from my phone.
               | 
               | I've yet to have any issues when flashing these builds.
               | It used to be much worse when flashing the regular
               | "official" OpenWRT image and restoring packages
               | afterwards.
               | 
               | Couldn't be simpler! (With the regular Linuxy you-have-
               | to-build-it-yourself-first clause)
               | 
               | [1] https://github.com/josteink/openwrt-build
        
               | IgorPartola wrote:
               | About 5 years ago I would do the same thing. I want to
               | set it up such that if I with the lotto and move away,
               | the rest of my household can continue using the system
               | without having to learn a CLI.
        
               | newman314 wrote:
               | This is cool! Forking.
               | 
               | I need to get back to trying to build a custom build for
               | my KanKun smart plugs.
        
           | motiejus wrote:
           | Turris series.
        
           | jiveturkey wrote:
           | ubiquiti is fine. you don't _have_ to use the cloud
           | controller. CLI works just fine, at least the products I have
           | used.
        
             | IgorPartola wrote:
             | The featured article seems to say to me that they are far
             | from fine.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | Look into Mikrotik hardware and OpenWRT. Of the Mikrotik-
           | based hardware I'm familiar with, they support PoE. OpenWRT
           | supports roaming and mesh networks, and is a local solution,
           | as opposed to a cloud-based one. There are no licenses you
           | need to pay for, either.
        
             | briangerman wrote:
             | I just ordered a mikrotik 10gb
             | https://mikrotik.com/product/crs305_1g_4s_in. The guys at
             | work recommended it so hoping for the best!
        
               | sigstoat wrote:
               | i've got one of those, and another mikrotik 10gb switch.
               | whatever the 16 port one is.
               | 
               | they've been working nicely. i have good luck with fiber
               | SFP+ modules, but it seems picky about 1G copper SFP
               | modules, fwiw.
        
               | briangerman wrote:
               | really i ordered cisco ones do those work?
        
               | old-gregg wrote:
               | HN community is in an endless loop of switching vendors:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18200119
               | 
               | IMO using what we have intelligently is easier. Uniquiti
               | hardware has the Edge line of routers and switches that
               | are not cloud-controlled, not listen on any ports, and
               | not establish any connections on your behalf.
        
               | briangerman wrote:
               | True, I bought it because of the 10gb ethernet and
               | youtubers recommending it. I didn't realize it was also a
               | router with a 45 dollar license key.
               | https://mikrotik.com/software
        
               | Godel_unicode wrote:
               | > using what we have intelligently is easier.
               | 
               | Less dopamine, though.
        
               | serf wrote:
               | >IMO using what we have intelligently is easier.
               | 
               | many people switch not simply for the security/security-
               | theatre, but because they no longer want to support a
               | company with such poor security strategy after it is
               | revealed that they have internal issues.
        
               | teawrecks wrote:
               | They all do though. And if they don't, they're all at
               | risk to. The best you can do is make decisions that
               | reduce dependence on them for when they fuck up. That's
               | why I went with the edge router line to begin with. I've
               | already planned for this situation.
        
               | KozmoNau7 wrote:
               | The only routers vulnerable to that exploit were routers
               | that were deliberately configured to be open to the
               | internet, no router with the shipped default config was
               | vulnerable. The vulnerability was patched out in a bugfix
               | release months before the exploit happened, so
               | additionally it was un-updated routers at risk.
               | 
               | That's something entirely different from what happened
               | with Ubiquiti.
        
             | ComodoHacker wrote:
             | With Mikrotik you do need licenses, but they either come
             | with hardware or are on-time payments.
        
             | telesilla wrote:
             | Mikrotik is amazing, for what you get. But of a learning
             | curve but worth the effort, I've seen large scale wireless
             | networks crossing mountains with their kit.
        
               | jimnotgym wrote:
               | I am not a fan of Mikrotik, the UI is not nice and the
               | defaults are not smart. I have seen professionals make
               | mistakes on them several times.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Don't bother using whatever the hardware ships with, just
               | install and use OpenWRT.
        
               | JustFinishedBSG wrote:
               | I personally love the UI. It's basically a very readable
               | 1:1 map of the CLI
        
               | tails4e wrote:
               | I setup a small wisp using mikrotik kit for a few
               | neighbours, it worked well in the end, but the learning
               | curve was immense unless you have a strong networking
               | background. I'd setup and used openwrt before for a
               | domestic router and this was another level of complexity
               | to get basically functional compared to that. Thst said
               | the level of customizabilty and scripting (albeit in a
               | weird language) you can do is immense, so for a true
               | power user with a lot of time on their hands, it's a good
               | option
        
           | tubularhells wrote:
           | Mikrotik is nice and does all of those things. Just needs
           | actual expertise at network administration to set up. Once
           | done though, it's fire and forget.
        
           | Saris wrote:
           | As far as I know, TP-Link doesn't require any cloud based
           | service, or even a local controller. They can work fine
           | without any of it and you just manage them locally/directly.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | yumraj wrote:
             | TP-Link is a Chinese company. Doesn't inspire much
             | confidence..
        
               | imwillofficial wrote:
               | And Cisco does? With it's known back doors from the NSA?
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | Never, ever happened. Ever.
               | 
               | You're conflating "NSA secretly rerouting shipping
               | company deliveries to end-users, installing their
               | firmware, then senting it on" with "Cisco willingly did
               | that".
               | 
               | Cisco was unaware, and once aware (thanks to Snowden),
               | Cisco took steps to try to prevent it, by altering
               | shipping destinations, at the last minute, on route.
        
               | imwillofficial wrote:
               | I'm not conflating anything. Check your facts.
               | 
               | " Way back in 2004, Cisco wrote an IETF proposal for a
               | "lawful intercept" backdoor for routers, which law
               | enforcement could use to remotely log in to routers.
               | Years later, in 2010, an IBM security researcher showed
               | how this protocol could be abused by malicious attackers
               | to take over Cisco IOS routers, which are typically sold
               | to ISPs and other large enterprises."
               | https://www.tomshardware.com/news/cisco-backdoor-
               | hardcoded-a...
               | 
               | Next time know what the fuck you're talking about before
               | opening your mouth.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | Eh?
               | 
               | So, while this whitepaper is news to me, how is this an
               | "NSA backdoor".
               | 
               | Reading up on this, it sounds like
               | 
               | * it was required, much as with phone tapping, by the US
               | gov
               | 
               | * ergo, ISPs needed it, were mandated to have it
               | 
               | * therefore, CISCO implemented it
               | 
               | * this protocol was for lawful intercept. Police, FBI,
               | everyone.
               | 
               | While beyond annoying, this is not a back door for the
               | NSA. Nor is it even secret. Before you get all pissy, you
               | should at least state fact as fact. Not exaggerate. Not
               | make it about a specific actor, when it isn't. And not
               | during a whataboutism.
               | 
               | If your goal is to let people know, I assure you,
               | spouting unvarnish, direct truth will help a lot more.
        
               | imwillofficial wrote:
               | Nowhere is it said this was mandated. That's your
               | assumption not supported by evidence.
               | 
               | So let's run through it. Cisco writes white paper
               | supporting LE back door access. LE/IC use hard coded back
               | doors as revealed in the Snowden and Vault7 leaks. You're
               | saying it never happened, ever. Maybe you're right
               | (you're not) but you spoke so firmly! Do you know
               | something I don't?
        
               | VectorLock wrote:
               | Whataboutism aside, Cisco inspires even less confidence.
               | Source: Used to work for Cisco.
        
               | fuzzer37 wrote:
               | You could try using an aftermarket, open source firmware.
               | Something like Open-WRT
        
               | timzentu wrote:
               | TPLink newer stuff wasn't supported and wasn't going to
               | be DD-WRT for a while there so check first. They have a
               | crypto blob for the radio binary, or the entire firmware
               | system they the group would need to trust blind and not
               | be able to adjust settings with, or violate the DMCA to
               | reverse engineer.
               | 
               | Don't know if this is the same case still or not, but
               | they did this for FCC compliance around the time 802.11ac
               | was launching. That might have changed that though I'm
               | not sure, I stopped considering them at that time.
               | 
               | Also a good company to look at would be Microtek, I have
               | heard good things, but haven't looked into them directly.
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | I've never had good luck with TP-Link hardware though.
             | Constant crashes/disconnections once you get past a few
             | devices on the network, mysterious failures, hardware
             | quickly getting dumped into the unsupported list, and so
             | on. I've sworn off of them entirely.
        
             | SamuelAdams wrote:
             | Yep, this is what I do. I used the EAP245 and now the EAP
             | 660 HD. Both were rock solid devices. Managed locally via a
             | web browser. Plugs into a netgear switch, into a pfsense
             | router.
        
           | bonestamp2 wrote:
           | > all managed locally?
           | 
           | Other than ubiquiti I assume you mean? Not that I know of. I
           | want the old ubiquiti back where customers, not stock price
           | and ad revenue, was the focus.
        
           | cassianoleal wrote:
           | I have a Turris Omnia for my main router. It's a solid piece
           | of kit.
           | 
           | The OS, TurrisOS, is based on OpenWRT and for a while they
           | were having trouble keeping up-to-date but that's been sorted
           | in recent releases.
           | 
           | There are great features like auto-updates and BTRFS
           | snapshots and the ability to rollback to previous known good
           | if you screw up a config. I also run LXC containers on it for
           | things like PiHole (not on the internal flash but the main
           | board takes an M.2 SSD).
           | 
           | The Turris MOX is a modular Turris system that you can
           | assemble from the parts that you need.
           | 
           | I have a small Gl.iNet router upstairs flashed with upstream
           | OpenWRT that I use as a WiFi access point and have setup
           | 802.11r for BSSID roaming. Have been using this setup for
           | months and handoff has been completely transparent.
        
             | emptysongglass wrote:
             | These guys burned me so hard. Something on my Omnia burned
             | out. I offered to pay to have it shipped and fixed and
             | shipped back. They stopped emailing me back. It was a
             | horrible, horrible support experience.
        
               | cassianoleal wrote:
               | Ugh, sorry to hear that. :(
               | 
               | They can be a little nasty to users on the forum as well
               | but in general I really like the product.
        
           | takeda wrote:
           | Isn't enough to just disable cloud access?
           | 
           | Edit: I got upvoted by somebody, but as an UI user I'm
           | genuinely looking for an answer. If it's still possible to
           | get inside if devices aren't connected to UIs cloud.
        
             | IgorPartola wrote:
             | That's a part of it. But also:
             | 
             | 1. They are now pushing ads to their local controllers.
             | That is a shady tactic. It also means the controller is
             | phoning home. It means they might have an XSS in that code
             | now or in the future.
             | 
             | 2. They just deprecated a bunch of relatively new hardware.
             | If I'm going to invest a non-trivial amount into their
             | hardware I want to know it'll keep working for a long time.
             | 
             | 3. They lost trust due to this breach. How can I trust
             | their code to secure my locks network if they can't secure
             | their own?
        
           | klagermkii wrote:
           | With TP-Link you can run the Omada controller for their EAP
           | line on a local device (I have it running on a Pi4).
        
           | msh wrote:
           | Mikrotik have products that are exactly like that.
        
           | nimbius wrote:
           | you can build one but PoE might not be in the cards unless
           | you want to convert the injected power back to a 5v barrel.
           | 
           | Alix makes a decent router board that can host Linux and dual
           | PCI cards means 5 and 2.4 ghz AP's. the total would be ~200
           | for each "AP" but they would be pretty massively powerful.
           | 
           | https://www.pcengines.ch/alix.htm
        
           | kryogen1c wrote:
           | maybe their different product lines are managed differently,
           | but all my Unifi WAPs, router, and switches are managed on a
           | local controller that i installed and maintain myself.
           | 
           | i recall some features being locked behind a UBNT account,
           | but that was only reporting-type stuff IIRC
           | 
           | https://help.ui.com/hc/en-us/articles/360012282453-UniFi-
           | Set...
        
           | resfirestar wrote:
           | > Does anyone have a decent WAP where I can use PoE, deploy
           | like 5 of them and have them support roaming between APs, all
           | managed locally? Is that too much to ask?
           | 
           | Not as comprehensive as Ubiquiti's management interface but
           | the CAPsMAN feature on Mikrotik routers and APs does cover
           | this use case.
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | I bought some Ubiquiti gear a year ago (a pair of AC-AP
           | Pros), and immediately after I got them I reflashed them with
           | OpenWRT. Haven't had even one issue with them.
           | 
           | I get that people with larger networks would find centralized
           | management useful, but I'm fine just managing a couple APs, a
           | router, and a couple switches on their own. They're pretty
           | much set-it-and-forget-it devices anyway.
        
           | croutonwagon wrote:
           | Ruckus R710 or R510 unleashed. I was talking about Ubnt's
           | horrendous security in another thread just last night.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26628198
           | 
           | Or if you just want Wave1 Hardware...R700/R500
           | 
           | You can get these as overstock on the cheap on amazon etc.
           | The unleashed version means it can run the controller on the
           | AP.
        
             | taddevries wrote:
             | The R700/R500 are End-of-Life[1] so be sure you're OK with
             | not getting new firmware.
             | 
             | 1.
             | https://support.ruckuswireless.com/product_families/4-eol-
             | ru...
        
               | croutonwagon wrote:
               | Totally agree. And the first gen wave2 stuff (ie:710/510)
               | is probably not too far behind.
               | 
               | I do find myself rarely looking for firmware upgrades
               | unless there's a specific issue I can't workaround.
               | 
               | Even on my ubnt equipment. I find it best to just leave
               | it segmented/network isolated and humming.
               | 
               | All these cloud features just increase exposure and grant
               | the vendor leverage to hold you hostage.
        
           | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
           | TP-Link Omada is locally controlled (through a smartphone)
           | but you can buy the Omada Cloud to control it remotely.
           | 
           | It works with their small 16 port (8 PoE switch).
        
           | chrisweekly wrote:
           | Happy enough w my Netgear ORBI (2-node mesh router covers my
           | 3500sq ft house; handoff is fine)
        
           | bornabox wrote:
           | Check out Mikrotik. Quite similar range of products to
           | Ubiquiti, very configureable, maybe it fits your needs...
        
           | gertrunde wrote:
           | The TP-link offering looks very similar to Ubiquiti from a
           | quick scan a month or two back.
           | 
           | Both will run from locally hosted controllers if desired.
           | 
           | I've been seeing more Cisco "Meraki Go" kit around as well,
           | which looks to target the same use cases as Ubiquiti (very
           | very similar gear, WAPs, low end switches & gateways), albeit
           | without a local controller option, but at least without the
           | usual steep Meraki subscription charges.
        
           | notamy wrote:
           | Peplink seems pretty good; they do have a Cloud:tm:
           | management offering called InControl2 but as far as I'm aware
           | it's entirely optional. I've had good luck configuring
           | everything via the local UI. My setup is a Balance Two + a
           | few One AX APs.
        
             | pentae wrote:
             | +1 for Peplink, Surprised more people haven't mentioned
             | them
        
           | jauer wrote:
           | Aruba doesn't require a cloud controller, that's just the
           | "Instant On" version. I used to run Aruba Instant (not the
           | "instant on", no controller), but gave those APs to a friend
           | and now run an Aruba 7005 controller with 2x303H and a 324.
           | 
           | Support/Licensing costs are totally worth it for having
           | trouble-free WiFi with no cloud dependencies (context: using
           | and supported UniFi in various roles since the first UAP came
           | out, and I think was free for UWC attendees, though I could
           | be confusing that with their first camera), but am network
           | nerd that's comfortable with enterprise wifi.
        
             | apple4ever wrote:
             | The controller is like $1300 right? Or am I looking at the
             | wrong think.
             | 
             | I'm a network nerd that would love enterprise wifi but that
             | seems way out of my price range.
        
           | fl0wenol wrote:
           | You're in the boat of deploying OpenWRT or similar low-cost
           | APs presenting the same SSID on a shared VLAN, plugging them
           | into your favorite PoE switch, and manually configuring their
           | channel strengths, etc. It isn't so bad if it's a one-and-
           | done thing, but all of the out-of-the-box solutions are very
           | IoT.
           | 
           | Enterprise solutions with your self-contained WLAN controller
           | and APs (not including PoE switches) are typically pretty
           | pricey (>$5k, can spend a lot more).
        
           | betterunix2 wrote:
           | Mikrotik, but unfortunately getting reasonable throughput for
           | wireless clients is a serious challenge (I always have better
           | results with openwrt on the same hardware). Still, nice to
           | have local control and not have to rely on some cloud service
           | just to use the hardware I bought.
        
             | Jnr wrote:
             | I wonder what is reasonable WiFi throughput for you?
             | 
             | With my 5 year old Mikrotik hAP AC I am able to get up to
             | 500 Mbit/s on lan.
             | 
             | And my old phone now shows 250 Mbit/s on speedtest.net both
             | directions.
             | 
             | How much more are we talking about? Have I missed some big
             | hardware upgrade recently?
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | Using 80Mhz channels I found the default configuration
               | never exceeded 200Mbit/s using iperf. For me "reasonable"
               | is closer to 800Mbit/s, which is roughly the theoretical
               | limit for 80Mhz with 2 spatial streams. I run my tests
               | with my devices sitting 1 meter from the AP. This is on a
               | hAP AC, and like I said, I get much better performance
               | (close to the theoretical max) running OpenWRT on the
               | same unit. I have had similar issues with the RB4011 and
               | cAP AC, and in both the NYC area and suburban Virginia
               | (so it is not just an issue of spectrum crowding in the
               | city).
        
               | Jnr wrote:
               | Yeah, that sounds a bit slow. I suggest checking if
               | faspath and fasttrack is working.
               | 
               | I remember that when I had hAP AC using firewall rules
               | inside lan, it also did not go much faster. Good
               | indication was CPU usage. If it used 100% CPU at
               | ~200Mbit/s then it was firewall slowing things down.
        
           | api wrote:
           | Get Linux boards and USB-3 WiFi dongles with well-supported
           | chipsets and roll your own?
           | 
           | The other alternative is to go way up-market and buy
           | industrial gear. Consumer gear is shit due to a race to the
           | bottom mentality. 90% of consumers buy the cheapest. This is
           | also what turned every TV and appliance into a feature-
           | encrusted shitbox full of spyware.
        
             | edoceo wrote:
             | I think you can do it with Pi-Zero and BATMAN? I gotta find
             | my notes.
        
           | jsmith99 wrote:
           | Technically, Ubiquiti does have a local option. You can run
           | the controller locally and disable cloud login.
        
             | IgorPartola wrote:
             | That's how I run it, but it seems they are now pushing ads
             | to local controllers and between this and deprecating
             | recently released devices, I just completely lost trust in
             | them.
        
               | philjohn wrote:
               | Small correction - if you don't have a product that would
               | display stats in a portion of the "single pane of glass"
               | control panel, it displays an ad instead of a "you don't
               | have this product, no data to see here".
               | 
               | Scummy? Sure ... especially if you don't have a Ubiquiti
               | gateway but only AP's so the top part of the page is
               | blocked out, but it's not exactly "pushing ads at me!" in
               | the traditional sense - e.g. they're not targetting ads,
               | they're not collecting data.
        
               | dgudkov wrote:
               | > it seems they are now pushing ads to local controllers
               | 
               | The pervasiveness of adtech doesn't cease to impress me.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | I really hope that one day it will be remembered the same
               | way we remember ritual sacrafice .
        
               | iamacyborg wrote:
               | It isn't adtech, per se.
        
             | pseudalopex wrote:
             | People have reported cloud login can't be disabled now.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | I set it up a few months ago with no cloud login, though
               | it was a pain.
        
               | winterphoenix96 wrote:
               | It can still be disabled from the controller:
               | 
               | New UI: Settings > System Settings > Administration >
               | Enable Remote Access
               | 
               | "Classic" UI: Settings > Remote Access > Enable Remote
               | Access
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | It sounds like it can be disabled on your own hardware
               | but not Ubiquiti devices.
        
               | JonathonW wrote:
               | I have a Unifi Dream Machine Pro with cloud access turned
               | off-- the setting for it (since the UDM Pro makes all
               | applications accessible via the cloud, not just Unifi
               | Network) is in the device settings rather than the Unifi
               | Network controller settings.
        
             | surfsvammel wrote:
             | Protect still needs cloud to be activated for
             | authentication it seems.
             | 
             | I used to have remote access turned off and accessed the
             | video streams via the iOS app when my phone was on VPN to
             | the local network. That no longer works. Remote access
             | (cloud) needs to be activated in order for the iOS app to
             | work, no matter if you are on the local network or not.
        
               | croutonwagon wrote:
               | When did that start?
               | 
               | My controller is only on 6.0.43 but i can access it via
               | iOS app on VPN.
               | 
               | My contoller only does Wireless/AP management though.
               | nothing more.
        
               | nullsocket wrote:
               | He said Protect, which only comes on the new cloud key
               | gen2 devices and requires a Unifi cloud account. The old
               | stand-alone controller (key or installer) does not unless
               | you tie it to your Unifi cloud account.
        
               | nickphx wrote:
               | i've run my own controller locally for years without
               | forced cloud login.. i've never used the ios app, what
               | can you do from it that you can't do from the web
               | interface?
        
               | nullsocket wrote:
               | He said Protect, which is only part of the newer Gen2
               | cloudkeys (controller + video surveillance). The app just
               | lets you manage the basic config of your devices and see
               | network stats. There is a separate app for viewing your
               | security cameras via Unifi cloud.
        
             | danhorner wrote:
             | I have been suspicious of their cloud config and run a
             | docker image of the controller locally.
             | 
             | I'm still on version 5.14 and all of the cloud features are
             | optional. I just ignore them. I guess now I know not to
             | upgrade!
        
               | croutonwagon wrote:
               | When they introduced callhomes/telemetry sometime in the
               | 5.x code i blocked their known DNS entries and then setup
               | firewall rules to block all internet access outside of
               | the Ubuntu Repos..
        
             | daniellarusso wrote:
             | It still checks for firmware updates, right?
        
           | traceroute66 wrote:
           | For those people here saying "go Ruckus unleashed" ... caveat
           | emptor my friends !
           | 
           | I have it on very good authority that Ruckus have started
           | rolling out a change in their pricing model to require a
           | Unleashed license per AP to operate, a move which obviously
           | increases costs to the end-user.
           | 
           | Some people might say its a deliberate move prevent
           | cannibalisation of their main business model by nudging
           | people away from Unleashed. I couldn't possibly comment.
        
             | c0nsumer wrote:
             | Can you share info? Because currently for a single site
             | there is no license fee. I've only got one AP at home, but
             | could put a bunch more of wanted.
             | 
             | It works so well I wouldn't mind paying some fee, but it'll
             | depend on how much.
        
               | traceroute66 wrote:
               | @c0nsumer
               | 
               | My earlier comment was based on a change of policy which
               | happened around 1st March, and any Unleashed quotes as of
               | 1st March (and the two-weeks prior) need to be re-quoted
               | for the new "license per AP" Unleashed model.
               | 
               | I've been a bit busy with other work since that bombshell
               | dropped, but if I get a moment I'll try to dig up some
               | pricing.
               | 
               | The other thing to note is feature discrepancy between
               | Unleashed and standard. Perhaps of most interest to your
               | average HN contributor was (the last time I checked) IPv6
               | was not supported on Unleashed firmware, and not much
               | sense of urgency (if any !) to rectify that.
        
               | c0nsumer wrote:
               | Thanks! I completely glossed over the IPv6 thing... At
               | home I don't get native IPv6 from my ISP, so I just tend
               | to forget about that. Although it would be neat.
               | 
               | For me I bought my AP on eBay and just plopped the
               | standalone Unleashed firmware on it and that's all seemed
               | fine. In what I see there's nothing changing? But it
               | sounds like you're running a /much/ larger install.
        
             | IgorPartola wrote:
             | Your credit card is stolen and your bank disables it ->
             | your network is dead. What a great user experience.
        
               | 1over137 wrote:
               | >Your credit card is stolen and your bank disables it ->
               | your network is dead.
               | 
               | What are you describing here? I have a Ruckus Unleashed
               | that I bought without a credit card and it works fine.
        
           | benjohnson wrote:
           | It's a shame that Mikrotik doesn't have a easy to use global
           | GUI.
           | 
           | It's the right hardware, and great firmware and wonderful
           | flexibility - but it needs an easy to use GUI controller to
           | make the simple stuff easy to take over from Ubiquiti.
        
             | sam_lowry_ wrote:
             | Global UI? You mean, AWS-hosted configurator for your
             | network? We just had example of it being security risk. God
             | save Mikrotik from implementing something similar.
        
               | IgorPartola wrote:
               | No, a local controller that you run on a machine inside
               | your LAN.
        
               | weaksauce wrote:
               | nothing stopping you from using a local ubiquiti
               | controller though. you aren't tied to their servers if
               | you don't want to use them. that said, they seem pretty
               | problematic from a security standpoint based on these
               | leaks and your networking infra should be rock solid.
        
               | coder543 wrote:
               | That's basically what MikroTik CAPsMAN is, depending on
               | your needs.
               | 
               | I think it's specific to Access Points, so not a general
               | purpose centralized controller for MikroTik equipment,
               | but... centralizing access point management seems to be
               | the main thing under discussion here.
        
               | taldo wrote:
               | CAPsMAN is a royal PITA to set up. You have to manually
               | add all the wifi channels, map each AP to the channels
               | it'll use, and a lot of busywork. Once it's set up,
               | though, it works fine, and lets you upgrade all devices
               | from the manager, etc.
        
               | pilsetnieks wrote:
               | > You have to manually add all the wifi channels, map
               | each AP to the channels it'll use, and a lot of busywork.
               | 
               | No, you don't? I mean you can but you don't _need_ to.
               | 
               | There are cases when that is useful, true - for example,
               | the automatic channel selection makes some curious
               | choices sometimes.
        
               | bshep wrote:
               | Their http interface is reasonable and you can
               | configure/provision the APs from CAPSman from one of the
               | routers/switches in a central location.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | You can also script against the Mikrotik CLI - I use it
               | to update the certificates every ~90 days.
        
             | m4rtink wrote:
             | Winbox is a really nice remote controller for Mikrotik &
             | vulnerabilities of a shared global controller have just
             | been clearly demonstrated, so I don't see an issue.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | Not really. The vulnerabilities of using a vendor hosted
               | cloud controller have been demonstrate, but having one
               | yourself next to your networking decides is just as
               | secure as it always was.
        
             | bpye wrote:
             | These recent posts about Ubiquiti have made me look again
             | at MikroTik. Their hardware is more affordable than I had
             | remembered. Is there any good intro to their hardware -
             | there are certainly a lot more options than you get with
             | Ubiquiti.
             | 
             | Even before now there are some limitations with UniFi that
             | have annoyed me. Setting up more complex DNS and firewall
             | rules requires editing the JSON config. IPv6 tunnelling
             | isn't well supported. The stats in the controller, whilst
             | neat, aren't very useful because they have to be manually
             | reset to zero.
        
               | stock_toaster wrote:
               | I use the edgerouter line for firewalls, and unifi
               | (running on a local "cloud key", with cloud login turned
               | off) for only access-points and some switches.
               | 
               | This news (covering up, legal overriding good security
               | practices) is super concerning though, and I'm definitely
               | going to start looking around as well.
        
               | jcadam wrote:
               | Yea. I only have an edgerouter 4 as far as Ubiquiti
               | equipment goes. It works great for its intended purpose
               | (I needed a dual WAN router and consumer level gear
               | generally doesn't do that). I was eyeing their WAPs, but
               | I believe I'll pass on them now.
        
               | KozmoNau7 wrote:
               | The best intro really is to buy some of their hardware
               | and play around with it. Their routers and APs are all
               | based on the same basic RouterBOARD hardware and run the
               | same RouterOS. The specs for each device is pretty well
               | laid out on their site, but you do have to read through a
               | few product pages to find exactly what you're looking
               | for.
               | 
               | I would start with a hAP ac2, a wireless router that is
               | approximately the equivalent of their hEX Ethernet router
               | plus a dual-band AP (cAP/wAP ac). It's a great standalone
               | device and less than $70, or you could get the individual
               | devices for a bit more flexibility.
               | 
               | Avoid the models labeled "lite", those are low-cost
               | versions with lower routing speeds and 2.4GHz WLAN only.
               | 
               | For management you can obviously configure each device
               | separately, or you can use CAPsMAN where one device acts
               | as the controller and handles all configuration. It's not
               | as slick as Ubiquiti, but it works.
        
               | benjohnson wrote:
               | It may sound strange, but for Mikrotik, I find it more
               | productive to concentrate on setting them up via CLI.
               | It's certainly more trainable.
               | 
               | CLI for Port Forward: /ip firewall nat add chain=dstnat
               | dst-port=1234 in-interface=ether1-gateway action=dst-nat
               | protocol=tcp to-address=192.168.1.1 to-port=1234
               | 
               | VS having to document the same task in the GUI:
               | 
               | IP->Firewall->Nat-> Add New
               | 
               | General Tab Chain: dstnat Protocol: TPC Dst. Port: Port
               | In. Interface: ether1-gateway
               | 
               | Action Tab Action: dst-nat To Address: IP address of
               | Server To Port: Port # of Service
        
               | eecc wrote:
               | Yup, very nice router/switch. If anyone could forward a
               | properly documented configuration to make the Apple
               | AirPort guest network work I'd be ever grateful.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The CLI tab-completion is great - you can figure out most
               | of what you need to do just by looking at it.
               | 
               | Highly worth getting one to try out.
        
               | locusm wrote:
               | Same reason I like EdgeRouters and VyOS
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | The benefit of the GUI is that it documents what has been
               | changed: in the GUI there is a list of port forwards.
               | 
               | With the CLI you either need to document it yourself, or
               | you need to know to query if there are any port forwards.
               | That can be a problem if there is more than one person
               | responsible for the network, or if someone else needs to
               | inherit your setup.
               | 
               | Documentation of configuration sometimes isn't an issue
               | on your own home system because you generally have a high
               | level memory of what changes you made and their purpose.
               | Conversely I still struggle sometimes with Ubuntu because
               | I customise my configuration using command line tools,
               | and I find keeping track of those changes or the
               | implications of those changes is difficult.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | Stick OpenWRT or pfSense on them, and you've got yourself a
             | nice GUI. You can use the CLIs if you want to, too.
        
           | xwolfi wrote:
           | My Synologies do that across several locations in my city.
           | Not sure what PoE is, but Synology has site to site vpn which
           | is amazing !
        
             | wadkar wrote:
             | PoE is probably Power over Ethernet. With that you don't
             | have to worry about laying down electrical line to power
             | the APs. The APs draw power from the Ethernet line itself
        
           | unionpivo wrote:
           | i use microtik.
           | 
           | It needs some getting used to, but preform well.
           | 
           | They have their clod versions also, but they keep putting out
           | non cloud devices.
        
           | Kim_Bruning wrote:
           | Would you be willing to qualify your statements wrt Engenius?
           | I've had good experience with them in the past, has something
           | changed?
        
           | 1over137 wrote:
           | >Seems like there is nothing good out there
           | 
           | Check out Ruckus. I've found their 'unleashed' stuff quite
           | nice (no affiliation, just a customer).
        
           | dolni wrote:
           | So the question for becomes: is there just not a good
           | enthusiast market for this stuff? I have met a number of
           | people who are "network nerds", so I'm inclined to think the
           | market does exist. With any of the plethora of consumer
           | devices (Linksys, Netgear, D-Link) it's a dice roll whether
           | your gear is complete garbage or not. A lot of the time,
           | you're coming up snake eyes.
           | 
           | I've got some Ubiquiti gear I bought a couple years ago. Like
           | you, I want good quality gear that I can manage myself. I
           | don't need a bunch of fancy corporate garbage, like link
           | aggregation or cloud management. Give me solid, hardware
           | accelerated routing and switching, flexibility over my local
           | DNS, and maybe some VLANing.
           | 
           | I was running Linux on a small x86 box as my last network
           | router. Maybe it's time to get back to that. That or go back
           | to banging rocks together. Haven't decided which, yet.
        
             | Johnny555 wrote:
             | I think the enthusiasts still buy tiny PC's with Wifi cars
             | and run Linux/FreeBSD/whatever.
        
             | JeremyNT wrote:
             | Check the Openwrt table of hardware[0] for a well supported
             | device, and you're good to go. Seriously, there is no good
             | vendor software in this space, but the consumer hardware
             | can actually work fine with better firmware.
             | 
             | Generic Linux or BSD boxes are ok as routers, but they're
             | not the best switches since they start taking up a lot of
             | space if you need a bunch of NICs.
             | 
             | [0] https://openwrt.org/toh/start
        
               | Sander_Marechal wrote:
               | Is there a filtered version of that list with hardware
               | that you can currently buy (new)? Or ratings of which
               | current hardware is great for OpenWRT?
        
               | JeremyNT wrote:
               | Yes! https://openwrt.org/toh/views/toh_available_16128
        
             | IgorPartola wrote:
             | I can't imagine that there isn't a market for this. Look at
             | the number of people recommending Ubiquiti stuff to each
             | other. There are entire YouTube channels dedicated to it.
             | If your whole living space or small office can be covered
             | with a single access point, get a 3-in-1 combo that has a
             | WAP, a router, and a small switch. But if you don't, you
             | are left with, what exactly? There is also some demand for
             | mesh stuff, for people who rent and don't want to run
             | Ethernet cable.
             | 
             | My plan: OPNsense on a PC Engines board for router +
             | firewall, an unmanaged PoE-providing switch for switching,
             | and _something_ from 2-8 WAPs for indoor /outdoor Wi-Fi.
        
               | ethanpil wrote:
               | How are you going to centrally manage the meshing and
               | transition between APs?
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | There were/are some performance implication of
               | pfSense/OPNSense on these boards specifically. It seems
               | like this has improved significantly in FreeBSD 12+.
               | 
               | https://teklager.se/en/knowledge-base/apu2-1-gigabit-
               | through...
               | 
               | > APU2, APU3 and APU4 motherboards have four 1Ghz CPU
               | cores, pfSense by default uses only 1 core per
               | connection. This limitation still exists, however, a
               | single-core performance has considerably improved.
               | 
               | I can saturate 1GB/s with no problem OoB on
               | Debian/OpenWRT on APU2/3/4, ymmv
        
               | sjfidsfkds wrote:
               | You can connect the Google mesh routers together with
               | Ethernet. I'd guess other competing products will do the
               | same. It's cheaper and much simpler than a full Ubiquiti
               | setup for a few access points.
        
               | bonestamp2 wrote:
               | I had a PC Engines board for awhile and I really liked
               | it, but make sure the one you order can support your
               | internet bandwidth. When I upgraded to 1 gig internet, I
               | was pulling around 450mbps on my PC Engines apu1d4. I
               | ended up getting a Ubiquiti Unifi Secure Gateway and then
               | I was able to pull the full 1 gig.
               | 
               | It's pretty hard to recommend Unifi based on how they
               | handled this breach, but the hardware itself has
               | performed very well. Hopefully the new PC Engines boards
               | can accommodate your needs.
        
               | IgorPartola wrote:
               | Looks like the 1d4 used a Realtek network card while
               | their latest boards use Intel which I guess is the
               | recommended brand for pfsense/OPNsense.
        
             | tomc1985 wrote:
             | I've been running Asus routers with Tomato firmware and
             | other than seemingly inevitable hardware quality issues it
             | has been smooth sailing
        
               | friend-monoid wrote:
               | Me too, but not really an alternative - the original
               | tomato isn't even updated any more, and it's only
               | configurable in its web ui, so it's really only for home
               | use.
        
             | floatingatoll wrote:
             | As a former enthusiast in this area, I need the time for
             | other more pressing interests and have reverted my home
             | network to Eeros pinned to an IQrouter. All of them require
             | some central service to operate, and I rarely if ever have
             | to pay any attention to them. They also provide better
             | coverage and less radio interference than the prior gold
             | standard, Apple Airport devices. The IQ runs some sort of
             | ssh *nix variant and the only time I've ever had to call
             | Eero support was to turn off 5GHz for a minute^ to pair a
             | smarthome device.
             | 
             | Still, it's nice to have a hobby, and if you're looking for
             | one, run your own, sure! No shame in that. But it's no
             | longer necessary, and that's pretty swell to me.
             | 
             | ^ I agree with why they don't make that accessible to end
             | users: because people will uselessly fiddle with settings
             | knobs to feel empowered, knobs like "separate 2.4 and 5
             | networks" (which breaks roaming and makes users incorrectly
             | blame their WiFi routers when PEBCAK is at fault) that
             | semi-expert users feel qualified to mess with, and lazy
             | technicians will use to create "guest" networks that don't
             | offer protection and perform miserably due to being locked
             | to 5GHz.
        
               | dolni wrote:
               | Maybe you and I have different opinions of "enthusiast"
               | in this context. There is really only so much you're
               | going to do on a home network. You set it up and once
               | it's going, it requires very little maintenance. I would
               | not consider running my own network gear a "hobby" any
               | more than I would consider restaining my deck a "hobby".
               | It's largely a one-time project.
               | 
               | I do have requirements beyond what the typical consumer
               | does of their network, like PoE to run a couple of access
               | points, PPPoE so that I can put my modem in bridge mode,
               | the desire to configure extra DNS records, dynamic DNS
               | since my home IP changes. Oh, and let's not forget some
               | filtering/rewriting capabilities so that I can force
               | modern smart TVs to respect the DNS server I provide
               | them.
               | 
               | My network is much more usable having put the time into
               | it. Yes, you could buy some off the shelf thing and get
               | an OK experience, but that wasn't good enough for me.
        
               | floatingatoll wrote:
               | I used to do all of those things on homebuilt FreeBSD
               | routers for a commercial ISP we built and ran for a few
               | years back in the day, and now I do them on my off-the-
               | shelf router so that I don't have to maintain the OS or
               | link-shaping, I just click Update Now once in a while and
               | it autoadapts to local congestion.
               | 
               | All of these features are available out of the box and
               | have a GUI intelligent enough to offer a text area for
               | adding filtering/rewriting commands that exceed the GUI's
               | remit. I used to have to hand-build this. Now I can plug
               | and play it, and end up with the same experience as
               | someone who built their own server and OS, using the same
               | open source components as they would.
               | 
               | Total time invested, 8 hours over 5 years. I'm content
               | with that exchange, and it has come with the only
               | drawback being "it cost money to purchase the router
               | itself". I could DIY for less expensive in dollars and
               | more expensive in hours. That's the hobby-or-not choice,
               | as I see it.
               | 
               | I do not decry those who invest time instead. Good, do
               | so! I invested thousands of hours of my life into DIY of
               | this stuff. It was invaluable experience, but it's no
               | longer _mandatory_ to DIY to get a great experience
               | indistinguishable from DIY.
        
               | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
               | > the prior gold standard, Apple Airport devices
               | 
               | It would seem the market is RIPE for them to come back
               | into the wifi market with a mesh product.
        
               | KozmoNau7 wrote:
               | I'm guessing that they're just not interested in making
               | infrastructure products anymore, only the client devices.
               | Airport is discontinued, all backend/server devices are
               | discontinued.
               | 
               | They do sell mesh wifi products from Eero, Linksys and
               | Netgear on their shop, but I don't think there's going to
               | be any Apple-branded network gear anytime soon.
        
               | sylens wrote:
               | Do they make an Eero yet with more than two Ethernet
               | ports? I love the product, I just want to plug 4-5
               | devices in as well as use the WiFi.
        
               | Godel_unicode wrote:
               | You can buy a 5-port unmanaged switch for roughly $30,
               | just FYI.
        
               | floatingatoll wrote:
               | To add the unstated testimony: I have two Eeros connected
               | to an 8-port switch and they handle it just fine.
        
             | clajiness wrote:
             | When did link aggregation become "fancy corporate garbage"?
        
               | dolni wrote:
               | Garbage was a bit of an indulgent word. It certainly is
               | relevant and useful technology. It just isn't useful for
               | home users, at least none that I've ever met.
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | It is as useful at home as it is anywhere else. Failures
               | just cost less at home.
               | 
               | All my switches are bonded to one another, and it was
               | handy when something snapped one of the fiber runs. That
               | side of the house kept connectivity until the weekend
               | when I could crawl around and run a new cable. (Never did
               | figure out why it broke, though. Guessing the house
               | shifted in just the right way.)
               | 
               | It would have hardly been the end of the world if I had
               | to wait, but if your kit _can_ do it, why would you not?
        
               | dolni wrote:
               | I mean, sure. If you have the capability and the
               | inclination, go for it. I live in a house that is quite
               | large and I can't come close to fully populating a 24
               | port switch in a useful way.
               | 
               | I would not detract from your network going the extra
               | mile. I suspect that for most people, the value-to-effort
               | ratio of link aggregation just isn't there in a
               | residential setting.
        
             | ryan29 wrote:
             | > So the question for becomes: is there just not a good
             | enthusiast market for this stuff?
             | 
             | No. They just don't want to serve the low end. I'm from SK,
             | Canada and the vast majority of all businesses are small
             | businesses. This site [1] says 98%. The problem is they
             | only account for about 25% of the GDP, so vendors don't
             | consider them worth serving. Everyone wants to sell to the
             | 2% of the businesses that make up 75% of the GDP.
             | 
             | There's a lot of money to be made in the small business
             | sector. It's just not *enough* money for huge tech
             | companies.
             | 
             | 1. https://www.bizadv.ca/by-the-numbers-saskatchewan-
             | business-s...
        
               | tonyarkles wrote:
               | And now that OTV's gone, it's even harder to get semi-OK
               | gear (that can be immediately re-flashed with OpenWRT)
               | for a reasonable price. :(
               | 
               | [Hi from Regina!]
        
               | novok wrote:
               | You often do not need long sales processes to get those
               | small companies, they tend to self serve selling to
               | themselves.
        
               | ryan29 wrote:
               | I do casual work for a person that serves that sector.
               | It's 100% self serve for us. We'll pay fair value for
               | stuff and vendors won't ever need to interact with us.
               | The problem is when those vendors think their firmware
               | updater is worth a $10 / month subscription. It's not.
               | 
               | For example with pfSense going closed source we'd be
               | willing to pay around $100 total lifetime cost to put it
               | on PCEngines hardware. We can build that in to the
               | upfront cost of the device. I wouldn't be shocked if they
               | try for $50-$100 / year which won't be economically
               | viable for our market, so instead of getting $100 /
               | device and never interacting with us, we'll end up moving
               | to a different product. I really hope they come up with
               | an offering that's appealing to the small business
               | sector, but I'm not holding my breath and I'll be
               | learning opnsense as a contingency.
        
               | api wrote:
               | I've thought for a while that the neglect of consumer,
               | prosumer, and small business computing is a side effect
               | of concentration of wealth. A small percentage of
               | businesses have all the money.
        
             | locusm wrote:
             | Ive seen someone have a fair bit of success with
             | Grandstream AP's. The controller runs on an AP itself or on
             | their router if memory serves me right. I believe they are
             | also moving into the switch market later this year.
        
             | ay wrote:
             | OpenWRT. Been using that in my home net for the past 12
             | years or so, on multiple generations of various hardware.
             | 
             | The latest incarnation on linksys ea8500 is slightly bumpy
             | (seems like a kernel crash), but didn't get annoying enough
             | yet to hook up the serial console and get into kernel bug
             | hunting, yet.
             | 
             | I have about a dozen VLANS that are distributed between
             | different SSIDs and a few L2 switches for wired; bonjour
             | gateway/filtering for the stuff like AirPrint.
        
             | jvolkman wrote:
             | I use a small, passively cooled x86 box with 6 1GbE ports
             | that I found on AliExpress. Wrote about it here: https://ww
             | w.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/hzvfih/new_router_...
             | 
             | It's got a quad-core i5. I run Proxmox and virtualize VyOS
             | as a router, Home assistant, and a couple of other small
             | things like an https reverse proxy for various services
             | that I like to access remotely.
             | 
             | Went this route after my old OpenWRT router couldn't keep
             | up with gigabit WAN. This box has no problems doing so, and
             | even does WireGuard at near wire speed.
             | 
             | There are a bunch of similar units available on Aliexpress,
             | as well as 1U units with x86 CPUs and SFP ports for 10GbE,
             | etc.
        
               | newman314 wrote:
               | Have you looked at DANOS?
               | 
               | I have an ER4 which works for now but plan to go down the
               | custom route once the ER4 is unable to push packets
               | quickly enough. My hope is that VyOS/DANOS is
               | sufficiently stable by then to run as a VM on say a
               | Odroid H2+ replacement (or something similar)
        
               | erinnh wrote:
               | Vyos has been sufficiently stable for a while now. Just
               | depends on what version you want to run.
               | 
               | I know quite a few companies that use it in production.
        
               | hedora wrote:
               | I recommend PC Engines if you want something with a bit
               | more support:
               | 
               | https://pcengines.ch/apu2.htm
               | 
               | They're small passively cooled embedded x86 machines.
               | They haven't made the jump to 10GBit, and their newest
               | model (the apu2) is getting pretty old. However, they
               | have very long production timeframes (many years) for
               | each board config, which leads to stability over time.
        
               | ethanpil wrote:
               | Does this type of setup support a mesh network with
               | multiple APs and SSIDs, VLANs, etc? I have never seen a
               | PC based all-in-one interface that supports all of these
               | things the way Unifi does...
        
             | kazen44 wrote:
             | ? So the question for becomes: is there just not a good
             | enthusiast market for this stuff? I have met a number of
             | people who are "network nerds", so I'm inclined to think
             | the market does exist.
             | 
             | my experience as a professional "network nerd" is that most
             | other people in the networking field run cheap/second hand
             | enterprise gear fetched from their employer at a major
             | discount and simply seem to care less about wifi in
             | general.
        
               | Godel_unicode wrote:
               | A lot of that changed with my peer group either due to
               | caring about managing from a phone or caring about
               | power/noise. The latter are especially not things real
               | enterprise gear tends to optimize for.
        
               | FooHentai wrote:
               | That kinda thing yeah, at least myself and other
               | engineers I've compared notes with.
               | 
               | I picked up a pair of Aruba 3200 controllers and a bucket
               | full of APs on a local auction site for a song years
               | back, still does me fine. Then again, not caring about
               | the fastest latest standards is key, if you're chasing
               | current gen the enterprise stuff is unaffordable. You do
               | need the appetite for a bigger power bill, mind.
        
               | lstodd wrote:
               | IDK, Mikrotik works for me. The 'second-hand enterprise
               | gear' is either too unwieldy, requires too much power, or
               | most frequently, both.
               | 
               | EDIT: it's when you get into supply contracts in the
               | thousands .. then it gets tricky
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | Ubiquity captured the prosumer networking market.
        
               | fl0wenol wrote:
               | The wireless is something for guests, and is hacked
               | together with something you know works with an open
               | router OS, or something off-the-shelf on an isolated
               | VLAN.
        
           | Vedor wrote:
           | Not 100% sure if that's what you are looking for (I don't do
           | much network works) but I think that Camsat's GlobalCAM-4.5G
           | may be worth checking, with one catch: the company targets
           | CCTV market. Still, that's just a router, without any special
           | license fees or mandatory clouds.
        
           | vngzs wrote:
           | I realize I'm a bit late to the party, but GL-iNet does this.
           | They run OpenWRT, too! PoE support can be hit or miss, but
           | being able to truly own my devices without compromising on
           | features is amazing.
           | 
           | You probably want something like [0], which has PoE support
           | and an optional Cloud connection. You can roll your own
           | automation with (e.g.) SSH access since they are just Linux
           | machines.
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.gl-inet.com/products/gl-ap1300/
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | Maybe Plume Homepass: https://www.plume.com/homepass/ ? I'm
           | not sure if they're 100% equivalent, but it seems to cover a
           | good part of the Ubiquiti feature.
        
             | HowardStark wrote:
             | Interesting. Subscription-based services in the home seem
             | like a disaster waiting to happen. Unless you can self host
             | in the event of a company shut-down, you're beholden to a
             | company and their solvency.
             | 
             | Can't see anything on their website for a transition plan
             | in the event of shutdown (and of course, why would they
             | post that and potentially signal lack of confidence in
             | their longevity).
        
           | awillen wrote:
           | So one might call them... ubiquitous?
           | 
           | I'm so sorry. I'll go now.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | hrez wrote:
           | For me OpenWRT does that. No cloud.
        
           | Godel_unicode wrote:
           | You can absolutely manage ubiquiti local. Even with a
           | ridiculously named local appliance called a cloud key. Their
           | cameras are unfortunately another story.
        
           | newhotelowner wrote:
           | Ruckus seems pretty good. You can use their unleashed APs
           | without cloud/controller/subscription. POE, and can connect
           | up to 75 devices. I just installed at my hotel.
           | 
           | We had ubiquiti, but the power outage usually corrupts the
           | controller, and requires constant resetting.
        
           | wikibob wrote:
           | Eero is amazing.
           | 
           | It Just Works.
           | 
           | Apple style. Plug it in. Never fuck with it. Rock solid.
        
             | discardable_dan wrote:
             | They are amazon-owned. I'd be shocked if they weren't
             | collecting and reporting telemetry.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Telemetry is an extremely important part of making things
               | just work. There's no other way to find the unknown
               | unknowns.
        
               | CyberDildonics wrote:
               | Lick the boot harder. How did anything work before
               | telemetry? How does tomato/openwrt work so well?
        
               | IgorPartola wrote:
               | I have lots of devices that don't phone home. Have been
               | working for years. The company needing to know which
               | websites I visit to make my network function does not
               | speak well of the company.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | That's awfully convenient for the company offering those
               | products, but I want to control what happens on my
               | network, even if that's inconvenient for some hardware
               | vendor.
               | 
               | Case studies, focus groups, surveys and interviews are
               | great ways to find the unknown unknowns. Of course, you
               | need to pay people to participate in them, and then you
               | need to pay expensive employees to conduct, collect and
               | analyze the results.
               | 
               | It's often just cheaper to spy on customers, though, and
               | pretend that there is no other possible way to conduct
               | business.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | I was thinking of those as thing you do before product
               | release (so they're "known"). But it's not a good way to
               | find out about reliability issues, because those only
               | happen in especially weird situations, or over time like
               | running out of disk space.
               | 
               | Telemetry that tells you which features are popular is
               | useful but does need filtering to avoid identifying
               | individual users. But sending back errors and crashes is
               | what's really important.
               | 
               | You can do things like have feedback forms but typically
               | users don't like sending that in because they feel like
               | they're doing work for free.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | You can collect data from people who opt in.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | > Case studies, focus groups, surveys and interviews are
               | great ways to find the unknown unknowns. Of course, you
               | need to pay people to participate in them, and then you
               | need to pay expensive employees to conduct, collect and
               | analyze the results
               | 
               | No they're not, because the vast majority of people
               | simply won't be bothered, and most people probably aren't
               | as reliable as concrete data.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | People will be bothered if you pay them. DigitalOcean
               | does this with focus groups for developers, and offers
               | $500+ each for an hour or two of developers' time.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | _some_ people might be bothered if you pay them. Those
               | for whom money isn 't an issue and/or are too busy won't,
               | so that will skew the results.
        
               | Marsymars wrote:
               | Yeah, but they're still the best user-experience I've
               | found, and they seem to care about code quality and doing
               | right by their customers.
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | They are.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | Jnr wrote:
           | Try Mikrotik. It can do all of the things you listed and
           | more.
        
         | TriNetra wrote:
         | When you're operating such massive services, at minimum you
         | should protect the admin accounts not just with 2FA, but also
         | with IP firewall. Looks like both were missing from here ...
        
         | cbozeman wrote:
         | Really glad I decided to go with a TP-Link Omada network over
         | Ubiquiti now.
         | 
         | My TL-R605 router, OC300, HD660s, and 8 port 2.5 gigabit switch
         | are going strong, and I put the whole network together for
         | under $1000.
        
         | boonware wrote:
         | Complete failure of security here. No single credentials should
         | be able to grant that much privileged access.
        
           | TwoBit wrote:
           | At my last company, signing keys were physically stored in a
           | safe with limited access. No network security breach could
           | possibly get them.
        
           | d1str0 wrote:
           | This isn't really true. If you have an AWS, you need a global
           | god admin. That's the root user. As an IT guy, I have to
           | store those creds somewhere. So I make the password super
           | long and random, store it in lastpass, add 2fa, and add
           | alerting for all logins. It's never used except in the super
           | rare case we have to do something that requires the megagod
           | level privs of the root account (like changing billing to a
           | master account etc)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | biktor_gj wrote:
         | After the Unifi Video fiasco, I bought a UDM Pro to test Unifi
         | Protect.
         | 
         | Once I saw it required cloud login I got scared. After I saw an
         | ubiquiti ssh key preinstalled in a device with unfeteted
         | internet access I shut it down to never bring it up again
        
           | xtat wrote:
           | All of this makes me skeptical about ubnt but a few
           | corrections
           | 
           | 1) You dont need to turn on cloud acccess 2) My UDM pro
           | doesn't have ssh open to the world so not sure how that would
           | be useful externally
        
             | biktor_gj wrote:
             | There was no option to bypass cloud login when it got to my
             | hands, apparently that has been "fixed" with some update,
             | but if you buy a device and it comes with an outdated
             | firmware, as it tends to be the case with their cameras and
             | APs, your only choice is activate on cloud, setup, update,
             | factory reset, setup on local.
             | 
             | About 2... I guess when you got access to all their source
             | and infra is just a matter of pushing an update to enable
             | ssh and they don't even need to even push a key. My problem
             | with the keys is that they come bundled with it and you
             | don't know it. There's no reason for them to install a key
             | in there without your consent. Imagine Microsoft presetting
             | an Administrator account on every Windows Server without
             | telling anyone... It's just a security problem, even more
             | in a firewall
        
           | lazyweb wrote:
           | Wow, are you serious?
        
         | dathinab wrote:
         | Man I really wonder why the lack of proper 2FA is so wide
         | spread?
         | 
         | Is it rally cost and complexity?
         | 
         | Or just missing awareness?
         | 
         | Or the lack of consequences when you get hacked in a way which
         | could easily have been prevented (through then they might have
         | attacked in a different way, tbh.).
        
           | closeparen wrote:
           | He could have had 2fa on his console account but saved an
           | access key for CLI access. Many large organizations have an
           | infrastructure where you exchange your corporate
           | authentication (including 2FA) for a short lived AWS access
           | key, but AFAIK this isn't out of the box.
        
             | Bellyache5 wrote:
             | AWS SSO does offer this "out of the box", but many large
             | organizations use their own custom SSO setup with custom-
             | built tools to get temporary tokens.
        
             | TheGuyWhoCodes wrote:
             | You can force 2fa even for cli access as far as I remember
             | but It's not on by default.
        
               | closeparen wrote:
               | This seems incredibly clunky and most people are probably
               | not doing something that involves typing the ARN of their
               | MFA device on a day to day basis. To be tenable on a
               | daily basis you need something like "aws login" with
               | username, password, and code that sets up your
               | credentials file correctly. Expect people to copy and
               | paste values around, and you've already lost.
               | 
               | Not to mention legacy code that only knows about access
               | key ID and secret, and doesn't have a place to even put a
               | token.
               | 
               | https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-
               | center/authe...
        
           | bsder wrote:
           | > Man I really wonder why the lack of proper 2FA is so wide
           | spread?
           | 
           | Because it's a giant PITA unless you have a dedicated team
           | managing it. And the service companies get this and charge
           | accordingly (aka enterprise levels).
           | 
           | It's why companies like 0Auth get bought for gigabucks.
        
           | neuronic wrote:
           | It's people not getting it and being plain annoyed by the
           | second factor. YubiKey or Authenticator app on a different
           | device... it's too inconvenient and people often only do it
           | if forced (e.g. banks do this afaik).
        
             | jodrellblank wrote:
             | Every day I sit at the same desk, at the same computer,
             | logging into the same websites, using 2FA over and over and
             | over and over while sites time out "for my protection".
             | It's a plague. Write a damn desktop app I can run locally,
             | I didn't ask for people from Turkmenistan to be able to
             | login as me, so you could sell me a halfassed web version
             | of something.
             | 
             | Joseph Heller predicted 2FA in Catch 22 when he wrote:
             | 
             | " _Almost overnight the Glorious Loyalty Oath Crusade was
             | in full flower, and Captain Black was enraptured to
             | discover himself spearheading it. He had really hit on
             | something. All the enlisted men and officers on combat duty
             | had to sign a loyalty oath to get their map cases from the
             | intelligence tent, a second loyalty oath to receive their
             | flak suits and parachutes from the parachute tent, a third
             | loyalty oath for Lieutenant Balkington, the motor vehicle
             | officer, to be allowed to ride from the squadron to the
             | airfield in one of the trucks._
             | 
             |  _Every time they turned around there was another loyalty
             | oath to be signed. They signed a loyalty oath to get their
             | pay from the finance officer, to obtain their PX supplies,
             | to have their hair cut by the Italian barbers. To Captain
             | Black, every officer who supported his Glorious Loyalty
             | Oath Crusade was a competitor, and he planned and plotted
             | twentyfour hours a day to keep one step ahead. He would
             | stand second to none in his devotion to country. When other
             | officers had followed his urging and introduced loyalty
             | oaths of their own, he went them one better by making every
             | son of a bitch who came to his intelligence tent sign two
             | loyalty oaths, then three, then four;_ "
             | 
             | Notice how 2FA turns into MFA? Keep adding FA until you're
             | as secure as the security theater demands.
             | 
             | " _To anyone who questioned the effectiveness of the
             | loyalty oaths, he replied that people who really did owe
             | allegiance to their country would be proud to pledge it as
             | often as he forced them to. The more 2factor logins a
             | person went through in a working day, the more secure he
             | was; to Captain Black it was as simple as that_ "
             | 
             | " _Captain Piltchard and Captain Wren were both too timid
             | to raise any outcry against Captain Black, who scrupulously
             | enforced each day the doctrine of 'Continual Reaffirmation'
             | that he had originated, a doctrine designed to trap all
             | those men who had become insecure since the last time they
             | passed a 2factor authentication prompt a few minutes
             | earlier._"
        
               | benjaminwai wrote:
               | > Write a damn desktop app I can run locally, I didn't
               | ask for people from Turkmenistan to be able to login as
               | me, so you could sell me a halfassed web version of
               | something.
               | 
               | Authy Desktop?
        
           | aneutron wrote:
           | Lack of 2FA for the AWS access ? Sure. It might have
           | prevented the attack.
           | 
           | The attacker had access to the whole database. Which meant he
           | could alter the 2FA seed. So it wouldn't have mattered much.
        
             | dathinab wrote:
             | They seem to have gained access through getting secrets
             | from developers as far as I understood it.
             | 
             | So with 2FA they would have had a much harder time to gain
             | access to the database.
             | 
             | The part of changing the seed only matters for customers of
             | the hacked company but is (as far as I can tell) unrelated
             | to them gaining access.
        
         | rectang wrote:
         | > _can we really trust them to clean up all their tokens and
         | fully eradicate all forms of persistence the hackers may have
         | gotten?_
         | 
         | The state of security in the tech industry is miserable. The
         | only companies we should trust not to leak our data are those
         | that never collected it in the first place.
        
           | anticristi wrote:
           | We are certainly not having this conversation enough. I
           | regularly chat with a risk office and she keeps telling me:
           | Data minimization is your first line of defense.
        
           | kazen44 wrote:
           | Heck, most operating systems are leaky by default. Even
           | openBSD, which has a stellar trackrecord in terms of security
           | and "goes against the grain" on many decisions for the sake
           | of secure by default (for instance, disabling hyperthreading
           | altogether to prevent any kind of SPECTRE vulnerability) is
           | under constant scrutiny for not being secure enough.
           | 
           | Maybe connecting everything to a network and making it a high
           | value target by collecting everyone's data is just a terrible
           | idea in the long run.
        
             | cyberpunk wrote:
             | > constant scrutiny for not being secure enough.
             | 
             | Do you have a source for this? I follow OpenBSD quite
             | closely and this is news to me..
        
               | thrwaeasddsaf wrote:
               | I haven't got much sources for you but what I've picked
               | up over the years: a lot of OpenBSD's security is just
               | old fashioned manual code review and audits, and there
               | are not enough eyeballs. Someone like Ilja van Sprundel
               | can go in the source code and find a bunch of issues
               | without too much trouble [1]. I don't see any
               | concentrated efforts to improve the status quo (where's
               | formal methods, where's automated fuzzing, where are
               | initiatives to employ more safe programming languages,
               | static analysis, etc.). And while OpenBSD pride
               | themselves on their mitigations, they aren't exactly
               | state of the art and some of the more recent stuff (like
               | trying to eliminate ROP gadgets) seems just futile. The
               | biggest thing OpenBSD did with mitigations was enabling
               | them by default for the base system and ports. What does
               | anyone remember OpenBSD for in 2010-2020? Pledge,
               | probably. That's a nice thing but more for containing the
               | damage than actually making stuff secure in the first
               | place.
               | 
               | https://www.csoonline.com/article/3250653/is-the-bsd-os-
               | dyin...
               | 
               | My concern (and the concern of many others, I think) is
               | that if OpenBSD suddenly got enough attention from the
               | wider security community, including people who actively
               | look for holes that can be exploited, there'd be plenty
               | of important stuff found. Until then, these issues sit
               | quietly waiting for a malicious party to discover them.
               | There's quite some fanfare for OpenBSD, but how many of
               | you are actively auditing the code? I'm subscribed to
               | cvs@ and tech@ and I read them daily and I just don't see
               | much contribution at all from outsiders. And when I do
               | see it, it's mostly stuff like fixing typos or amending
               | man pages. All the commits that change code with security
               | implications tend to come from the core developers, and
               | are reviewed by a handful of people at best. And I have
               | seen some obviously broken stuff slip through.
        
               | pbronez wrote:
               | > if OpenBSD suddenly got enough attention from the wider
               | security community, including people who actively look
               | for holes that can be exploited, there'd be plenty of
               | important stuff found.
               | 
               | This seems like a structural advantage to less popular
               | software. If your software is less common, attackers will
               | have put less time into exploiting it, and therefore you
               | will be more secure. My impression is that MacOS and
               | Linux both benefited from this relative to Windows for a
               | long time.
               | 
               | In general this should be true if usage grows faster than
               | security resources for popular system. It might be still
               | be true even with significant, commensurate investments
               | in security while you grow, because if a small percentage
               | of users mis-configure the software and create
               | vulnerabilities, that population will hit a critical mass
               | with growth regardless of your security efforts.
        
         | 650REDHAIR wrote:
         | What a shockingly large breech. Wow.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | The breaches are common, the reporting/discovery of them is
           | not. Security just isn't a priority for a lot of Orgs, as the
           | consequences are minimal (see: Equifax) due to a lack of
           | regulatory or financial penalty pain when a breach occurs.
           | 
           | "Help yourself to a free year of identify theft insurance"
           | and all that jazz.
        
             | neuronic wrote:
             | This is correct. Worked for a fairly large corp with lots
             | of customer data and while I haven't witnessed breaches of
             | said data it's pretty much a matter of time.
             | 
             | Me and my colleagues always pushed for more secure setups
             | and configs but the common rebuttal was "no need there's a
             | keycloak running several layers above and you need to use a
             | VPN and need access to AWS first, go implement features
             | instead."
             | 
             | I hope for them that no rogue employee decides to play
             | around a bit or that no one stores their credentials in
             | some cloud LastPass account with a '123456qwerty' master
             | password.
        
             | MattGaiser wrote:
             | Discovery of breaches seems to be undesirable in the
             | current environment, if many go undetected.
             | 
             | If you discover, you have to report. If you don't, odds are
             | nobody will notice/will blame someone else.
        
         | Grazester wrote:
         | There is Fortinet(which acquired Meru 5 years ago). Meru was
         | pretty OK. I helped manage a setup of 2500 + access points on a
         | campus. I left that job 6 months after Meru was acquired so I
         | cant say how they are now.
        
           | xvf22 wrote:
           | Got 3 no brainer CVEs against them. We're an enterprise
           | customer who is now moving away because after Fortinet
           | acquired them support dropped off a cliff. They had some good
           | people but it bacame rather apparent that there was a bit of
           | a toxic culture there.
        
         | fukmbas wrote:
         | Lmao who allows privileged accounts without expiring passwords?
         | And why are you idiots using LastPass
        
         | rossipedia wrote:
         | > can we really trust them
         | 
         | absolutely not
        
       | modeless wrote:
       | Should have blown the whistle to the SEC instead. SEC
       | whistleblowers get paid. Up to 30% of eventual penalties paid by
       | the company with no upper limit. Lying about a breach could be
       | securities fraud.
        
         | MrFoof wrote:
         | They may already have. Investigation is already pending:
         | https://finance.yahoo.com/news/shareholder-alert-ubiquiti-in...
        
           | surfsvammel wrote:
           | This might just be a law-firm fishing for people willing to
           | be plaintiffs when they sue. So, this in itself might not
           | mean much of anything. This might just be a lawyer who read
           | the news and though "Hey, let's see if we can find enough
           | people willing to sue!"
        
           | modeless wrote:
           | That's not the SEC, it's just some ambulance-chasing law
           | firm.
        
       | nemesisdesign wrote:
       | For those using OpenWRT looking for a central controller which
       | can be installed on-premise: https://openwisp.org/
        
       | neartheplain wrote:
       | Don't have time to dig into this right now, but I have a Ubiquiti
       | WiFi AP at my home behind a NAT; does this breach mean my home
       | network is vulnerable/effectively exposed to the Internet? Do I
       | need to log off HN and deal with this now, or can it wait?
        
         | aaomidi wrote:
         | I mean, yes, it does. However hopefully the hackers aren't in
         | their system anymore - so if you were at risk it's already
         | probably over.
         | 
         | I guess just change your password and reset your 2FA?
        
           | neartheplain wrote:
           | Ugh. Guess I'll just go wired for now and unplug the AP.
           | Hopefully I'm only paranoid, but I really don't like the
           | feeling of a hole in the network with my family's NAS and IoT
           | devices.
           | 
           | Never again with the cloud-connected network appliances. Time
           | to build a router from scratch, I guess.
        
             | geephroh wrote:
             | You can run the AP locally with the standalone controller
             | appliance in a container or VM[1]. Pretty simple, and
             | doesn't require a UNBT login. Probably still worth doing a
             | factory reset on your AP first, if you're paranoid like
             | me...
             | 
             | 1. https://help.ui.com/hc/en-
             | us/articles/360012282453-UniFi-Set...
        
         | xoa wrote:
         | It depends. How do you manage said AP? The leaked credentials
         | issue here is specifically in SSO Cloud authentication to
         | Controllers, which are used to administer all the actual
         | hardware devices. However, the devices themselves aren't
         | affected. So depending on how, or for that matter if, you
         | manage them you may be unaffected as well which has always been
         | a major touted advantage of UniFi and has indeed proved true
         | right with this very incident.
         | 
         | Your post seems to imply you have just that AP and that's it?
         | If you set it up initially (putting the controller on one of
         | your own computers temporarily maybe), and then just left it
         | standalone from there on out you're fine. There is no need to
         | have an active Controller for all the hardware to work as
         | configured, a Controller is just needed to change
         | configuration, collect real time statistics/send notifications,
         | and do necessarily active things like run a guest portal.
         | 
         | If you are running a Controller, but you're doing entirely
         | standalone on your own hardware (or your own cloud service for
         | that matter), and haven't enabled Ubiquiti SSO cloud access,
         | you're unaffected. That's how I've always run since I don't
         | trust 3rd party cloud stuff for something like this, ever.
         | 
         | It's """only""" an issue for their cloud service, and
         | apparently their "Cloud Keys" and "Dream Machines" as well
         | since they pushed it on people some recent firmware. Which
         | granted covers a lot of surface area, and Ubiquiti has pushed
         | very, very hard (see advertising outrage from just a few days
         | ago). But it's thankfully still not everything.
        
           | neartheplain wrote:
           | Thanks the detailed reply. As you correctly inferred, this is
           | my situation:
           | 
           | >Your post seems to imply you have just that AP and that's
           | it?
           | 
           | I recently moved to a house with a preexisting network, so I
           | have only the AP itself set up with the Ubiquiti
           | router/network controller still in storage. I use the mobile
           | app to configure the AP. It sounds like the AP won't phone
           | home or open tunnels to their cloud by itself, so I'll turn
           | it back on for now.
        
           | h0l0gr4ph1c wrote:
           | If they got in this far, what else did they get access to?
           | How long have they had access?
           | 
           | Saying its only a db * _that they know of*_.
           | 
           | What about the software repositories that they host
           | somewhere?? Did the admin have access to that?
           | 
           | This is pretty major....
        
       | jniedrauer wrote:
       | > the attacker(s) had access to privileged credentials that were
       | previously stored in the LastPass account of a Ubiquiti IT
       | employee
       | 
       | The interesting part of this story is how the employee's LastPass
       | got popped. My guess is their local workstation was compromised,
       | and their LastPass was either not logged out in a browser plugin,
       | or they didn't have 2 factor auth required for each login and a
       | keylogger got the password. In either case, it's a good reminder
       | to be paranoid about your password manager, make sure it's got a
       | logout timer, and use 2 factor auth.
       | 
       | I also don't let my cloud password managers touch a mobile
       | device. It's fairly inconvenient, so I hesitate to recommend this
       | to others. But I don't trust mobile devices very much. Anyone
       | have thoughts on this?
        
         | baybal2 wrote:
         | Easy to imagine they just got a spiked chrome binary installed
        
           | cutemonster wrote:
           | How could an attacker make that happen?
        
             | baybal2 wrote:
             | Hack the admin machine
        
         | cutemonster wrote:
         | > My guess is their local workstation was compromised
         | 
         | You mean someone was physically at the laptop/desktop and could
         | access the OS and apps? Maybe if the employee was working
         | remote (covid?) from, say, a cafe and left the laptop
         | unattended when refilling coffee?
         | 
         | Or something else? ... Hmm, could also have been eg a browser
         | zero day that gave someone remote access to the computer? Or a
         | dev tools supply chain attack?
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | It's not that complicated. The local workstation could have
           | had a trojan or virus that installed a keylogger or
           | screengrabber.
        
             | cutemonster wrote:
             | Ok, thanks
        
             | junon wrote:
             | Or someone watched over their shoulder. 1Password makes it
             | all too easy to accidentally reveal your password within
             | the app. Someone with a video camera just needs one clear
             | frame - 1/60th of a second - with a good enough view.
        
             | seppin wrote:
             | Most password managers protect against keylogging and
             | screenshots.
        
           | benjaminwai wrote:
           | Or keylogger?
        
         | rossipedia wrote:
         | > My guess is their local workstation was compromised
         | 
         | Honestly I don't think it was even that complicated,
         | considering when I needed to spend money on some SaaS product
         | the "chief accountant" (because there was no CFO) straight up
         | sent me a photo of the corporate credit card and said "delete
         | that when you're done".
        
           | nhumrich wrote:
           | Sure, but to be fair, credit cards really aren't that
           | dangerous of a credential to wave around. You can cancel your
           | card at anytime, and even dispute the charges. Its like
           | instant key rotation, with a way to also roll back time.
        
             | cutemonster wrote:
             | And they can have monthly spending limits too
        
       | post_break wrote:
       | Verkada, now Ubiquiti, yikes. Also according to this leaker, it
       | seems like they tried to cover it up before letting the public
       | know. They are on my blacklist now.
        
       | surfsvammel wrote:
       | This company is a disaster it seems, and I have just setup my
       | whole home infrastructure and home security aound their
       | products... They where the most recommended brand when I was
       | shopping for new stuff a year ago.
        
         | thedanbob wrote:
         | Same, my setup is 100% Unifi from back before they started
         | going downhill. At least I was self-hosting the software so I
         | wasn't bitten by this breach.
        
           | xoa wrote:
           | We should be clear here that there are multiple types of
           | "self-hosted". Ubiquiti makes essentially little (weaker)
           | Raspberry Pi devices with PoE that are dedicated to just the
           | controller, and a few years back they also forced their
           | (garbage) "Protect" onto their hardware only. They
           | (confusingly) call these "Cloud Keys", though they have
           | nothing to do with the cloud. However, you can also get 100%
           | standalone versions of the Controller that will run on any
           | server or VM you've got, Linux, Windows, or Mac. This is just
           | the Java 8-based controller software and that's it, and you
           | can lock those down arbitrarily hard for any WAN access same
           | as any other LAN network software, no general internet access
           | is needed at all and no firmware is involved.
           | 
           | A lot of people quite reasonably got CKs seeing them as very
           | easy ways to have a low power always on local controller
           | since they didn't have some other server running 24/7
           | already. If the firmware on those was updated to require tie-
           | in to Ubiquiti's SSO that's a horrible betrayal. But I'm
           | confident in saying the full standalone Controller doesn't
           | since I have mine locked down from any general net access,
           | remote L3 management was done to IP only at the firewall and
           | I've been switching to just putting it all through WireGuard.
        
           | izacus wrote:
           | Hmm, even the self-hosted SW can use SSO from cloud... so I'm
           | now worried that our equipment is still vulnerable by
           | whatever system allows cloud logins.
        
           | pseudalopex wrote:
           | They forced cloud authentication on self hosted software
           | too.[1]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.reddit.com/r/Ubiquiti/comments/kslyh9/cloud_k
           | ey_...
        
             | imiric wrote:
             | Wow, that's awful.
             | 
             | I have a few Ubiquiti devices I haven't updated in months,
             | that don't use any cloud accounts, and I used to run their
             | controller software in a container that I only started when
             | I needed to administer something. But now I guess I'm never
             | updating and will be looking to get rid of all their
             | equipment.
             | 
             | What an incredibly consumer hostile and incompetent
             | company. Shame, because the hardware pretty much works
             | reliably.
        
               | Ueland wrote:
               | Im a bit confused by this. I run a UniFi Controller in a
               | docker container, have a few APs and a router, and
               | everything works fine. No cloud stuff going on here.
               | 
               | Am i just lucky or something that i havent been forced to
               | the cloud yet, or is it something i am missing here?
        
               | jmuguy wrote:
               | I think its just the cloud key. I have a unifi controller
               | install as well and use a local account with no issues.
        
               | stock_toaster wrote:
               | I have a cloud key with no cloud access. It's just that
               | cloud access is the user directed workflow for sure.
               | Setup without cloud access was not clear at all [1].
               | 
               | [1]: I don't even remember the steps, to be honest!
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | surfsvammel wrote:
           | Apparently I was... Now, updated the firmware and it says
           | server certificate changed. Frikkin A. Now I am in 'what the
           | hell' land
        
             | easton wrote:
             | It probably just regenerated after the firmware updated, to
             | be honest. I think it does it after a factory reset, and
             | it's signed by the local device.
        
         | johnbrodie wrote:
         | I almost did the same thing, but it was clear a year ago that
         | they were moving towards "cloud based" services, something I
         | didn't want to participate in. Looks like it was a good
         | decision, in retrospect.
        
           | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
           | So what did you go with?
        
             | johnbrodie wrote:
             | Ended up with some used Cisco equipment aimed at the small
             | business segment. Similar-ish price to new Ubiquiti gear,
             | and I've spent essentially 0 time maintaining the stuff
             | beyond initial setup. Still don't have APs set up though,
             | I've just been making do with what I had laying around.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | If i were you I'd take heart in the knowledge that the others
         | aren't any better, it's just a matter of "when" they'll get
         | cracked in the same way
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Not every network hardware provider ties everything to a
           | "Cloud" for reasons. They may have breaches but they won't be
           | this widespread.
        
             | bilbo0s wrote:
             | Wasn't really a "cloud" hack so much as a hack of a root
             | user. How they accessed that root user's credentials is not
             | detailed. Phishing? Hardware hack? Dumb root user and it
             | was possible to guess his/her credentials? Could even be,
             | that particular root user was in on it with them for all we
             | know?
             | 
             | In any case, this sort of a hack of any other company's
             | root users would result in the same spectacularly
             | catastrophic pwnage. That your root users have root access
             | on your own machines won't help you.
             | 
             | What they need is to structure their security properly. I'm
             | not sure why this user needed root access to everything
             | globally for instance? That seems wrong to me at first
             | blush, but it could be a matter of me not understanding
             | their business model.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | IIRC it says that they got the LastPass data for an
               | employee which had (non two factored?) AWS access
               | credentials.
        
               | greycol wrote:
               | The reason people are bringing up cloud is because it's
               | what effects them. If you have (cloud) access through a
               | company to local devices and that company is hacked then
               | that could be a very wide pathway into your local set up.
               | The company being hacked and related implications is
               | still not great for a huge list of reasons but it's the
               | possible local breaches that are more of a worry for a
               | lot of us.
               | 
               | Ubiquiti has recently been pushing there cloud set up (to
               | the point that you can't set up a local controller with
               | out setting up a cloud account) that's why it's so
               | annoying.
               | 
               | *There is probably a way but the last time I tried I
               | couldn't find it in setup and so installed using a
               | previous version.
        
             | kasey_junk wrote:
             | It's increasingly hard to find providers that don't though.
             | The advantages to global management software is pretty high
             | & the easiest way to implement that is the cloud.
        
         | abootstrapper wrote:
         | Me too! Now what do we do?
        
         | tgv wrote:
         | Our "CTO" was told only last week by someone from the company
         | that helps us with ISO 27001 that we shouldn't use whatever
         | we've got, but get Ubiquity instead, because it was safer...
        
         | ruph123 wrote:
         | I always thought that the main selling point of their devices
         | was that you can run your own Ubiquiti server at home and keep
         | everything local? They are always portrayed as the not-so-
         | shitty IoT company.
        
           | OminousWeapons wrote:
           | If you don't have remote access enabled and aren't running
           | their surveillance camera software, it is not clear to me
           | that there is any risk to the customer from this event
           | (outside of the source code being used to generate new
           | exploits). It doesn't sound like the attackers were able to
           | abuse automated firmware update functions, and losing
           | credentials to a UI account has no impact on users running
           | cloud key locally without remote access enabled.
        
             | ruph123 wrote:
             | Right. I would never have any device like a camera be
             | directly connected to the internet and instead cut off that
             | device from the internet in my router software and only
             | access it from outside via a VPN.
             | 
             | Not that this whole screw-up should be excused in any way
             | or downplayed.
        
               | mixologic wrote:
               | I bought one of their security cameras to act as a
               | nursery cam last year, which I could later convert into a
               | home security camera.
               | 
               | The 'in house' software, unifi-video, was discontinued 3
               | months after I got it set up. All of the apps I use to
               | connect to the system have been pulled from the app
               | store, and you now have to use their camera controller
               | for the one camera, vs the software Im running on my
               | linux box.
               | 
               | Their controller is much more limited, and many, many
               | security camera installers were caught off guard with no
               | path forward for their customers. It's a nightmare of a
               | shitshow and I would never in a million years recommend
               | Ubiquiti as a company at this point.
        
               | spockz wrote:
               | I now use the camera in direct rtsp mode. This way it can
               | be used by any rtsp tool including video recording and
               | the lot. For the nursery camera I just use IPCams on iOS
               | on an iPad.
        
               | halefx wrote:
               | Yep, I also use their cameras as baby monitors. RTSP mode
               | to VLC on an old chromebook as an always-on monitor.
               | 
               | The Protect app works pretty well now assuming you have a
               | controller to connect to, but the time between the Video
               | app shutting down and Protect actually working properly
               | was very frustrating. I would never trust the Protect app
               | to stay connected while I'm asleep, though. It's
               | definitely not stable enough for that.
        
               | mixologic wrote:
               | The very first night I got the camera set up was the
               | night that there was a level 3 outage and major internet
               | snafu, making it so that I couldnt actually get into the
               | app to view the camera. RTSP mode sounds pretty good at
               | this point with only one camera.
               | 
               | (Ignoring the fact that Ubiquity marketed these cameras
               | as having a speaker, when, in fact, you cannot send audio
               | to the camera, only that it makes noise on its own)
        
               | g_p wrote:
               | I guess the concern here is if your VPN was provided by
               | Ubiquiti then you might have an issue.
               | 
               | My approach has been an isolated (read basically no
               | internet) LAN, bridged by a small PC running hardened and
               | locked down Linux. There's no egress from the LAN. VPN
               | access to this LAN goes via the PC under my control,
               | which itself has access to the wider internet via its
               | second interface.
               | 
               | This approach is nice as I don't have to trust any router
               | vendor or proprietary software vendor to be competent, by
               | relying on their equipment to control internet access for
               | devices. Although I recognise this is probably
               | inconvenient for users, none of this is really too
               | impractical - a bit of adverse publicity for cloud and
               | "internet connected", and I could see properly
               | firewalled, egress blocked networks taking off...
               | 
               | (I am more concerned about egress than ingress, because
               | it's the biggest gap most people forget about, and most
               | people just rely on NAT to stop ingress, forgetting any
               | device can phone home anywhere, and they're not
               | monitoring... I don't even allow DNS on that network. IoT
               | that can't handle this just doesn't get in the door)
        
               | ruph123 wrote:
               | I mean if I don't trust their devices I will surely not
               | trust their VPN server.
               | 
               | Settings one up is easy, blocking internet for a network
               | device on the router level is trivial. No need for
               | complicated setups IMHO.
        
           | caeril wrote:
           | I can't speak to the newer UniFi garbage, but the selling
           | point for their Edge network products was that you could have
           | Cisco-ish managed switches and routers without paying the
           | absurd prices for ASICs, licenses, ios upgrades, parasitic
           | middleman distributors, etc.
        
         | atourgates wrote:
         | Are you me?
         | 
         | Just finished setting up my Ubiquiti-based home network that
         | includes a dream machine, 6 access-points, and a wireless
         | bridge to an outbuilding. All told about a $1,500 investment I
         | made because I thought I was investing in "best-in-class"
         | hardware and software.
         | 
         | Sigh.
        
           | edm0nd wrote:
           | As long as you change your UI.com password (and enable 2fa
           | there) and disable the remote administration option, you
           | should be all good.
        
           | henry_bone wrote:
           | Same here. This is just depressing.
        
             | lokedhs wrote:
             | I've done the same, with the only difference being that I
             | bought the stuff a few years back. I never enabled cloud
             | management nor remote access though so I think I'm OK for
             | now.
             | 
             | Not buying any more hardware from them though, unless
             | things significantly change.
        
         | alkonaut wrote:
         | I picked up an EdgeRouter and none of the cloudkey/unifi stuff.
         | I initially felt like maybe I should have picked the unifi gear
         | and maybe a dumb switch, but now I don't regret the EdgeRouter.
         | Couldn't be happier with it.
         | 
         | I don't trust anything that tries to solve the "firewall
         | problem" by setting up a cloud service for what should be a
         | local appliance.
        
           | kiseleon wrote:
           | I bought the EdgeRouter X a year or two ago because I was
           | tired of having to reboot my router constantly. Still use it,
           | still love it.
        
         | moonbas3 wrote:
         | Yeah well, more money in marketing than anything else.
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | > Adam wrote in his letter. "Legal overrode the repeated requests
       | to force rotation of all customer credentials, and to revert any
       | device access permission changes within the relevant period."
       | 
       | tsk.
        
         | Google234 wrote:
         | This actually seems like criminal advice.
        
           | mywittyname wrote:
           | It's probably considered Consciousness of Guilt.
        
         | fuzzylightbulb wrote:
         | So hackers breached the network and still might have been
         | present. Having everyone reset their passwords at that time is
         | the LAST thing you want to do, as the hackers could have just
         | collected all the fresh credentials, a significant percentage
         | of which are also used for other services because users are
         | users.
         | 
         | Legal made the right decision. You clean up the internals,
         | close the backdoors, and then you notify/refresh user
         | credentials.
        
         | beervirus wrote:
         | Yeah that doesn't make sense to me. Sales would do something
         | like that. Legal should be erring in the opposite direction.
        
           | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
           | No. They don't care if customers get pwnd. They care if
           | customers become aware of exactly how they got pwnd and
           | launch a class action. It's shitty but entirely predictable
           | behavior common in these situations.
        
             | beervirus wrote:
             | Well you're right that it's not their job to represent
             | customers. Their client is the company.
             | 
             | But telling your client to sweep something like this under
             | the rug isn't exactly great advice.
        
             | airstrike wrote:
             | But rotating credentials would not hurt or help that
             | alleged goal of hiding the truth from customers...
        
               | chrisbolt wrote:
               | "force rotation of all customer credentials" = make
               | customers change their passwords, which is a huge red
               | flag that would draw attention to why they were forcing
               | that.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | Github just recently logged out all users because they
               | had a bug that could leak other account data into
               | sessions. They were very transparent about why they did
               | that, what happened, and I for one trust them more for
               | it.
        
               | ric2b wrote:
               | But for GitHub it was mostly a preventative measure,
               | while for Ubiquity, regardless of how transparent they
               | were, it would look really bad.
               | 
               | Of course it looks even worse now that we know they
               | didn't do anything to help customers.
        
         | 650REDHAIR wrote:
         | By trying to sweep it under the rug they just opened themselves
         | up.
         | 
         | Crazy.
        
       | elevation wrote:
       | I'll change my forum password and continue to avoid UBNT's cloud
       | features like always.
       | 
       | I'm still happy with the value, stability, and security updates
       | (!!) of my UBNT hardware.
       | 
       | I still won't buy gear from another vendor that wants $$$/device-
       | year in support contracts and have unavoidable cloud controllers.
        
       | eyeareque wrote:
       | How many of you would be surprised to hear that 99% of companies
       | have similar security gaps? These problems happen literally
       | everywhere.
        
         | koluna wrote:
         | No, they don't. Ubiquity literally covered up a giant security
         | breach to avoid backlash while putting every single customer at
         | risk for 3 months. Imagine - for 3 months someone had direct
         | access to your entire network and you didn't know.
        
       | buildbot wrote:
       | Wow went from probably not buying their hardware again to
       | immediately needing to remove it in like a single day!
        
       | mjfl wrote:
       | Is internet of things useful for anything except being a major
       | security vulnerability you could trick an enemy into installing?
        
       | kuon wrote:
       | I have some unifi camera and unified video on a Linux box, and
       | they are phasing out unified video. I don't want to move to the
       | cloud offering. Is there a way to use the hardware with open
       | source software?
        
       | samcat116 wrote:
       | This whole thing shows how tech such as passwordless, device
       | trust, approval flows, should be in place at basically any
       | company. And your cloud accounts need to be hooked up to your SSO
       | with said features.
        
       | zelon88 wrote:
       | Also interesting and noteworthy is it appears that today, just 7
       | hours prior to this Krebs article, an investigation was launched
       | into Ubiquity for potential securities fraud.
       | 
       | http://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2021/03/30/2201903...
        
       | cmurf wrote:
       | It's not just incompetency, it's malice, to treat your own
       | customers in this fashion. But this is what happens when there is
       | consistently no consequences for these kinds of breaches. Neither
       | government nor market punishes these kinds of events in any
       | meaningful (cost penalty) way. All the cost is shouldered
       | disproportionately by victims.
        
       | gautamcgoel wrote:
       | Wow, this is huge. I wonder if the attacker was a state actor,
       | and if so, what their intended mischief is.
        
         | eqvinox wrote:
         | I don't think a state actor would've tried to extort bitcoin,
         | but who knows...
        
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