[HN Gopher] The WHO-China search for the origins of the coronavirus
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The WHO-China search for the origins of the coronavirus
        
       Author : nnx
       Score  : 88 points
       Date   : 2021-03-28 11:40 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.technologyreview.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.technologyreview.com)
        
       | djrogers wrote:
       | > One problem with the lab leak theory is that it presumes the
       | Chinese are lying or hiding facts, a position incompatible with a
       | joint scientific effort.
       | 
       | LOLOLOLOL Excuse me while I pick myself up off the floor. Doesn't
       | the default assumption about an authoritarian government have to
       | be that it _is_ lying and hiding facts that would harm it?
        
         | tbihl wrote:
         | There's no need to talk about assumptions. The WHO suppressed
         | evidence of the disease at the behest of PRC. The WHO
         | fortunately finds itself in the convenient position where
         | "Trump's wrong" makes a right. But an impartial WHO
         | investigation and a forthright Chinese disclosure are two
         | things I would never use as bases for understanding what
         | happened.
        
         | 99_00 wrote:
         | The CCP prohibited the virus's genetic sequence from being
         | published. After a lab published it, it was shut down.
         | 
         | >On 11 January, Edward C. Holmes contacted Zhang for permission
         | to publish the virus's genome. Zhang granted permission, and
         | Holmes published the genome on virological.org that day.[1][3]
         | The Chinese government had prohibited labs from publishing
         | information about the new coronavirus, though Zhang later said
         | he did not know about the prohibition.[3] The next day, the
         | Shanghai Health Commission ordered Zhang's laboratory to close
         | temporarily for "rectification".
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Yongzhen#COVID-19_pandem...
        
         | lordnacho wrote:
         | This is not even limited to authoritarian governments.
        
           | williamdclt wrote:
           | I think it mostly is, we're just not always happy about which
           | countries actually are in the "authoritarian" bucket
        
             | flavius29663 wrote:
             | most modern governments did similar stuff in the past few
             | decades. I 'm having trouble thinking of one that didn't.
             | 
             | You can call them all authoritarian, but then the word
             | loses all meaning, you would just say "any strong modern
             | government is authoritarian"
        
               | mkolodny wrote:
               | Switzerland's government isn't authoritarian. The Swiss
               | government is the whole adult population. Every Swiss
               | citizen over 18 can propose and vote on laws. No subset
               | of Swiss people can force other Swiss people to do
               | anything without approval from Swiss voters.
        
       | cletus wrote:
       | So I also don't favour the lab leak theory but this is the first
       | time I'd read this (emphasis added):
       | 
       | > Nor have the labs been entirely forthcoming about what viruses
       | they do know about. The Wuhan Institute of Virology possesses
       | gene information about similar viruses that it has not released
       | publicly. _Other information disappeared from view when the
       | institute took a database offline in late 2019, just before the
       | outbreak started._
       | 
       | That's... one hell of a coincidence (in timing). It continues:
       | 
       | > One problem with the lab leak theory is that it presumes the
       | Chinese are lying or hiding facts, a position incompatible with a
       | joint scientific effort. This may have been why the WHO team, for
       | instance, never asked to see the offline database.
       | 
       | There are a number of problems here:
       | 
       | 1. "... lying or hiding facts". My suspicion is that it's most
       | likely no one knows but, more importantly, no one wants to find
       | out. Think about it: what's the upside of turning over those
       | particular rocks?
       | 
       | This sort of thing happens all the time. Here's an example from
       | the Columbia shuttle disaster [1]:
       | 
       | > Several people within NASA pushed to get pictures of the
       | breached wing in orbit. The Department of Defense was reportedly
       | prepared to use its orbital spy cameras to get a closer look.
       | However, NASA officials in charge declined the offer, according
       | to the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB) and "Comm
       | Check," a 2008 book by space journalists Michael Cabbage and
       | William Harwood, about the disaster. The landing proceeded
       | without further inspection.
       | 
       | A certain breed of manager will just not want certain questions
       | asked.
       | 
       | 2. As for a "joint scientific effort", that means something
       | different in the West vs China. In China, everything from
       | companies to sports to "scientific efforts" is an extension of
       | the state. There simply is no independence to the same degree
       | we'd expect.
       | 
       | 3. The WHO team not asking to see the offline database is...
       | mind-blowing. There are a lot of problems with the WHO's response
       | to the coronavirus. In the early days of the pandemic, the WHO
       | went out of their way to accept and spread China's versions of
       | events with little scrutiny [2]. It's one reason this article
       | uses the term "patsy".
       | 
       | Again, I'm not claiming the lab theory is accurate or even likely
       | but... due diligence would mean you try to independently verify
       | anything that's told to you no? I imagine it was a political deal
       | for the WHO to not, for example, examine the offline database
       | but... really?
       | 
       | The other problematic part of this is how long it took for this
       | investigation to start. It's also interesting (although not
       | necessarily damning) about how China came down hard on Australia
       | for asking for an inquiry [3]. Like.. that's just not a good
       | look.
       | 
       | But again it's not necessarily guilt. I imagine China just
       | doesn't want to set the precedent that it's accountable to any
       | outside authority and will punish anyone for trying to make that
       | happen. Still... that doesn't help your case if you're trying to
       | disprove the theory that one of your labs was responsible for the
       | leak.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.space.com/19436-columbia-disaster.html
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.who.int/news/item/29-06-2020-covidtimeline
       | 
       | [3]: https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/29/trade-war-with-china-
       | austral...
        
       | EMM_386 wrote:
       | Remember that US State Department members were warning of risky
       | coronavirus research at the lab in Wuhan years before this
       | pandemic happened.
       | 
       | https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/03/08/josh-rogin...
       | 
       | That isn't proof of anything but all of this makes for
       | interesting reading.
        
         | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
         | Josh Rogin has been misrepesenting these diplomatic cables for
         | a year now. If you read the actual cables (which Rogin refused
         | to publish when he wrote his first story - they only came out
         | later due to a FOIA request), they did not warn that the lab
         | was unsafe. The cables stated said that the lab did not yet
         | have enough technicians to run at full capacity. As of the time
         | of writing of the cables, the lab had not yet opened.
         | 
         | The cables were simply arguing that the US should continue to
         | fund its training program for the lab's staff (they're trained
         | at the premiere US high-biocontainment laboratory, in
         | Galveston, Texas). The cables did not point to any safety
         | problems with the lab. The people who visited the lab and wrote
         | the cables wouldn't have known how to identify safety problems
         | anyways - they were just diplomats. They simply stated that the
         | US training program was important and to emphasize that, they
         | stated that the not-yet-opened lab did not yet have enough
         | technicians.
         | 
         | Rogin has been trying to spin this into some sort of dire
         | warning, but that's simply a willful misreading of the cables.
        
           | EMM_386 wrote:
           | I disagree. You are referring to part (5).
           | 
           | Part (6) in the cable specifically warns with regard to WIV
           | scientists studying SARS viruses that interact with human
           | ACE2 receptors.
           | 
           | The cable is here:
           | 
           | https://www.washingtonpost.com/context/read-the-state-
           | depart...
        
             | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
             | Part 6 is about a paper published in PLoS Pathogens. It
             | says nothing about safety concerns.
        
               | EMM_386 wrote:
               | You are pointing out one section while ignoring another.
               | 
               | What about the last sentence regarding WIV scientists
               | studying human-disease causing SARS coronaviruses until
               | "permission is granted" by China's NHFCP? The one with
               | the redacted bit at the front?
               | 
               | I'm not sure if you are intentionally playing games with
               | words here but let's cut to the chase.
               | 
               | Edit: Reading through your comment history and
               | submissions, I can see this is an account used to spin
               | discussions.
        
               | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
               | > What about the last sentence regarding WIV scientists
               | studying human-disease causing SARS coronaviruses until
               | "permission is granted" by China's NHFCP?
               | 
               | What about it? This isn't any kind of warning that the
               | lab is unsafe. It's completely normal (and good) for
               | countries to regulate research into pathogens. Would you
               | rather that China not require approval before labs study
               | SARS-CoV?
               | 
               | I honestly don't think you understand what you are
               | reading.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | boldpandabear wrote:
       | Despite all the contradicting evidence and all the holes in the
       | narrative, mankind continues to stick with the germ theory and
       | viral theory paradigms.
       | 
       | When will smart people start to get curious and start to wonder
       | if virus particles were ever the cause of illness to begin with.
        
       | jkingsbery wrote:
       | So, to summarize-the-summary: there are four possible theories:
       | 
       | 1. Direct-jump from bat population
       | 
       | 2. Started in bats, came to humans through intermediate animal
       | 
       | 3. Came from frozen food outside of China
       | 
       | 4. Lab accident.
       | 
       | I used to think the lab accident theory was crazy, because it
       | sounds like a science fiction movie. Not an impossible theory,
       | just a crazy one.
       | 
       | But according to this article, despite a year of investigation,
       | (1) is unlikely because we haven't found anyone that interacted
       | with the nearest bat population hundred of miles away that didn't
       | work in the virus lab in Wuhan and that caught the virus, (2) is
       | unlikely because we would have found the intermediate animal by
       | now, (3) is unlikely because the first case found was in China
       | (and not somewhere else... if frozen food had the virus, the food
       | would have had it before it was frozen, and someone else would
       | have had it), and (4) is unlikely because a government famous for
       | blocking information and is paranoid about how it is perceived
       | domestically and internationally says "No, trust us on this one."
       | 
       | At some point, crazy theories become the most likely. Hopefully
       | I'm wrong though, and they find an explanation that isn't "lab
       | accident." It seems like we should be studying viruses and
       | sharing that information with each other, and accidents like this
       | will make it more likely that such research doesn't happen.
        
         | sudosysgen wrote:
         | I don't see why 1) is unlikely - people that work with bats
         | have antibodies to bat coronaviruses already, and we know that
         | even in a vacuum people often have very mild symptoms or no
         | symptoms at all. It's even more likely since the virus was
         | probably not adapted to human hosts initially.
         | 
         | 2) is also likely, for some viruses it took years and years,
         | sometimes even more than a decade to find the actual
         | intermediate animal.
         | 
         | 4) is unlikely because further analysis cannot produce a likely
         | scenario. If the virus was from an animal source known to the
         | lab, we would know already, and if it was due to a gain-of-
         | function experiment, it would be quite unlikely for the virus
         | to take so much time to adapt to humans (it still hasn't fully
         | done so), and there is still a lot of function to be gained.
         | Besides, there is no obvious marker for genetic engineering
         | (the furin cleavage sites are perfectly well described by both
         | 1 and 2), and the fact the virus does not seem to be at a local
         | optima yet indicates that it's probably not the result of
         | engineering by repeated selection.
        
           | analyte123 wrote:
           | It's not "quite unlikely" for a virus to adapt to humans when
           | you are digging through a lab archive of wild coronaviruses
           | and injecting mice that express human proteins with them to
           | see how sick they get. For example the president of
           | EcoHealth, which sponsored bat coronavirus research at the
           | Wuhan Institute of Virology, raved in _November 2019_ about
           | all the exciting work they were doing filtering bat
           | coronaviruses and even recombinant viruses for ones that look
           | like they could infect humans and infecting humanized mice
           | with them [1].
           | 
           | Researchers at the same lab published a study in 2017 where
           | they tested the infectivity of 8 artificial coronaviruses
           | (having been edited with 8 different spike proteins) on
           | primate and human cell lines [2].
           | 
           | [1] https://twitter.com/PeterDaszak/status/119763138347003495
           | 1?s...
           | 
           | [2] https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.137
           | 1/j... "Rescue of bat SARSr-CoVs and virus infectivity
           | experiments"
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | Hmm, that is not quite what I said.
             | 
             | If it did come from this research, which is being done
             | openly with the help of many international collaborators, I
             | don't understand how this could have happened without the
             | virus being known to many more people, especially given the
             | amount of time that passed from the first human infection
             | to detection (which was enough for it even reach Europe!).
             | It would be very surprising for no one else to know about
             | it whereas normally such results are shared quite rapidly.
             | 
             | This is why the very person you quoted, and other people
             | that were involved in such research that live outside of
             | China, find the theory of a lab escape from this kind of
             | research exceedingly unlikely.
        
           | 2-tpg wrote:
           | > If the virus was from an animal source known to the lab, we
           | would know already
           | 
           | Unless they started commanding to destroy samples, and
           | sharing sequences of captured bats after the pandemic
           | started.
           | 
           | > it would be quite unlikely for the virus to take so much
           | time to adapt to humans
           | 
           | All experts agree that SARS-COV-2 is extremely adapted to
           | human infection. Like it appeared out of nowhere, not the
           | gradual result of a natural spill-over. To pose: "It could
           | have been even more infectious" as an argument against gain-
           | of-function is not very strong. And if we agree that China
           | did not deliberately release a finished product, it would be
           | weird to see optimal adaptivity.
           | 
           | > there is no obvious marker for genetic engineering
           | 
           | Gain-of-function does not create obvious marker. It is known
           | possible to increase GoF of coronavirus using techniques that
           | produce no markers at all. It is also tying it too closely to
           | engineered bioweapons (vanilla SARS-COV _is_ a bioweapon
           | itself, even if collected from civet cats by terrorists),
           | because the lab leak could also have been from a collected
           | sample and accidental escape. There is no genetic engineering
           | there at all.
        
           | fendy3002 wrote:
           | That point 1 is interesting. Got any articles/papers?
        
         | towergratis wrote:
         | > I used to think the lab accident theory was crazy
         | 
         | Accidents happen. Even if it was a lab accident, it's not a
         | reason to be outraged with the Chinese government.
         | 
         | I think in parallel to searching for the origin, they should
         | also look into the reports that Chinese government tried to hid
         | it under the carpet and only admitting that it couldn't control
         | it after it was already spread all over the world.
         | 
         | That's the real crime of the Chinese government in regards to
         | Covid and that's what people should be outraged about.
         | 
         | But yeah, good luck getting an unbiased report on that.
        
           | camjohnson26 wrote:
           | The problem is that this is proof that the slippery slope of
           | social media censorship already has a causality. Twitter
           | banned ZeroHedge, an irreverent but very well known financial
           | website, for months just for pushing this theory. Yesterday's
           | crazy conspiracy theories become today's plausibilities.
           | 
           | https://www.cbsnews.com/news/twitter-bans-zero-hedge-
           | coronav...
        
             | scythe wrote:
             | ZH singled out an individual and made statements that could
             | subject him to harassment. That's not merely a case of
             | having the wrong suspicions about globally significant
             | events.
        
               | syrrim wrote:
               | >made statements that could subject him to harassment
               | 
               | Not sure what said statements were, but as described,
               | that is not at all a reason to ban someone. On the
               | internet, legitimate criticism very frequently leads to
               | harassment. That is not at all the fault of the critic,
               | and as long as they didn't intend to cause harassment,
               | it's no reason to ban them.
        
               | blueboo wrote:
               | Perhaps some details will clarify things. ZeroHedge
               | published and publicized an article "Is This Man Behind
               | The Global Coronavirus Pandemic?" with the face, address,
               | and phone number of an individual -- along with an
               | invitition for readers to pay him a "visit".
        
             | towergratis wrote:
             | To be fair, although we are a bit better here in west, we
             | are still far from perfect. Letting the POTUS call it China
             | virus, is despicable.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | I agree that was in poor taste, but would you say the
               | naming of "Zika virus", "Ebola virus", or "Middle East
               | Respiratory Syndrome" is despicable?
        
               | ttoomm28 wrote:
               | Strange word to describe that, seems rather fair
               | actually. Do you think UK, south African, brazilian
               | variant are 'despicable' ?
        
               | camjohnson26 wrote:
               | Let's stay on topic. The truth is that many people were
               | reluctant to even consider the lab theory because it
               | might look anti-Chinese at a time when Trump was
               | blatantly attacking them and blaming them for the virus
               | with no evidence. The point is that politics led to
               | censorship that made it difficult to consider all
               | possibilities.
        
           | AzzieElbab wrote:
           | But the cover up is the only way Chinese government could
           | react. This property is embedded and immutable in this type
           | of government.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | phroobster wrote:
         | A never before seen coronavirus was found just miles away from
         | one of only two BSL-4 laboratories in all of China, which also
         | happens to publish gain of function research on coronaviruses.
         | I find it amusing that anyone can claim a lab accident origin
         | is "crazy".
        
           | xienze wrote:
           | For some reason so many people are hung up on "lab accident"
           | implying that it was a bioweapon made by China. And honestly
           | the biggest reason why this theory is rejected is because
           | Trump called it the China Virus, and lots of people have this
           | "Trump said a thing, so I must be in direct opposition to it"
           | reflex, creating a mental block on the possibility of China
           | because responsible at some level.
        
           | rhino369 wrote:
           | Especially since US and European labs have had a lot of
           | accidents that risked viruses escaping the lab.
           | 
           | I really don't have any reason to believe or disbelieve it
           | came from a lab. But that possibility certainly is not crazy.
        
             | drran wrote:
             | > Especially since US and European labs
             | 
             | Hey, Russian Federation still exists on the map.
        
         | jsz0 wrote:
         | It wouldn't even be the first time Chinese labs have leaked
         | dangerous pathogens so it's entirely plausible. People who
         | reject the theory outright are just not living in a reality
         | based world. It has happened before and it'll probably happen
         | again.
        
           | sampo wrote:
           | Here are some escape cases, from both West and East:
           | 
           | https://armscontrolcenter.org/wp-
           | content/uploads/2016/02/Esc...
        
         | coding123 wrote:
         | What do all large countries not at war do? Prepare for war. Why
         | would people think preparing for war be a crazy idea?
        
         | chmod600 wrote:
         | I think everyone knows that #4 is a plausible theory. But it's
         | frustrating to see how the media played it as a conspiracy
         | theory, which just discredits the media. Kind of like how they
         | said that masks aren't helpful at first, with the ulterior (but
         | noble) intention of preserving the mask supply for healthcare
         | workers.
         | 
         | It just reinforces the idea that misinformation is fine as long
         | as it gets people to behave the "right" way, and only bad if it
         | could cause someone to do something wrong.
        
           | Touche wrote:
           | The media didn't treat #4 as a conspiracy theory. If you mean
           | Tom Cotton's claims, he first implied it was intentional
           | (later walked it back). He also was claiming it was a
           | biological weapons lab. That's not what #4 is. It's always
           | been accepted that #4 was possible.
        
             | tpmx wrote:
             | Here's an example that was topping Google News the other
             | day.
             | 
             | https://www.businessinsider.com/former-cdc-director-
             | redfield...
        
         | Touche wrote:
         | I don't know why (1) is unlikely. We know that a lot of people
         | have weak symptoms. We know that symptoms are similar to other
         | diseases. If it were to start in a remote area you probably
         | _wouldn 't_ notice it until it entered a big city.
        
         | neuronic wrote:
         | The lab accident isn't crazy. Happens in the West too, it's
         | just something that will be politically weaponized against
         | China if it were to admit it, although we just got lucky in the
         | US and Europe before.
         | 
         | Typical Western hypocrisy would be at play and China has no
         | motivation whatsoever to subject itself to that.
         | 
         | Also, SARS-1 escaped twice, in Singapore and Beijing:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incident...
        
           | drran wrote:
           | You forgot about another country, which was not so lucky
           | before, and which had an incident in their 4 level biolab
           | just before the start of epidemic.
        
             | EMM_386 wrote:
             | So that is more likely than a level 4 biolab that happened
             | to be IN Wuhan and was being warned about by US State
             | Department officials years before this happened?
             | 
             | https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/03/08/josh-
             | rogin...
        
               | drran wrote:
               | Yep. I cannot calculate exact numbers, but a similar
               | incident happened already in the past: a blast at the
               | disinfection site created an aerosol with virus
               | particles, which caused infection.
               | 
               | Distance doesn't matter so much in today's world, when
               | cities are connected by planes.
        
         | Leary wrote:
         | 2 is not unlikely just because they haven't found the
         | intermediate species.
         | 
         | It took 4 years to find the immediate species in the case of
         | SARS (2002->2006)
        
         | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
         | > we haven't found anyone that interacted with the nearest bat
         | population hundred of miles away
         | 
         | This is simply untrue. People work and live in close proximity
         | to bats throughout much of China and Southeast Asia, including
         | in Yunnan province. The mine workers who got sick in Mojiang in
         | 2012 (where RaTG13 was discovered) were literally cleaning out
         | massive mounds of bat poop.[1] There is research that shows
         | that a non-negligible fraction (up to a few percent) of the
         | population in some areas of Yunnan province have antibodies to
         | novel SARS-related coronaviruses.[2,3] Interestingly, it is not
         | known how the people in these studies were infected, and before
         | they were randomly tested for these studies, they were not
         | aware that they had ever been infected.
         | 
         | > is unlikely because we would have found the intermediate
         | animal by now
         | 
         | There's no reason to expect we'd have found the intermediate
         | species by now. Finding intermediate hosts can be very
         | difficult. For example, it took four decades to identify the
         | likely host species of Ebola, and even so, there's still a huge
         | amount of uncertainty about whether there are multiple host
         | species, and how spillover occurs.[4]
         | 
         | > (3) is unlikely because the first case found was in China
         | 
         | The frozen food hypothesis that the WHO is looking at is that
         | animals that were raised or caught in Yunnan province,
         | slaughtered and frozen, and sent to Wuhan might have been
         | carrying the virus.
         | 
         | Option 4 is unlikely because nobody knew about this virus
         | before it appeared in December 2019. The researchers at the
         | Wuhan Institute of Virology work closely with international
         | scientists (including in the US, Australia, France and
         | Singapore). They regularly publish identifying RNA fragments of
         | the viruses they discover. The viruses that they have isolated
         | and cultured in the lab are well known, because they've
         | published on them extensively, and because they collaborate
         | with international researchers. They have only isolated three
         | SARS-related coronaviruses (the vast majority of the viruses
         | they discover are only detected as RNA fragments, not "live"
         | virus particles), and those viruses are all much more closely
         | related to the original SARS than they are to SARS-CoV-2. The
         | reason for this is that before this pandemic, researchers
         | focused their attention on viruses that were close to the
         | original SARS (such as WIV-1[5,6]). SARS-CoV-2 and its closely
         | related viruses would have been far less interesting to them.
         | The lab leak theory really is a conspiracy theory, because it
         | requires the scientists at WIV to have discovered a virus that
         | they didn't tell anyone about, including their close
         | collaborators abroad, for them to have secretly isolated it,
         | for it to have escaped from a highly secure laboratory, and
         | then for them to have covered it up. You can assert that all
         | these things happened, but there's precisely zero evidence for
         | it.
         | 
         | The alternative is that one of the millions of people who
         | regularly interact with animals that harbor SARS-related
         | coronaviruses got infected, and that as is usually the case, it
         | takes time and painstaking work to determine how, when and
         | where that happened.
         | 
         | 1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2951-z
         | 
         | 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6178078/
         | 
         | 3.
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259005361...
         | 
         | 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4014719/
         | 
         | 5. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12711
         | 
         | 6. https://www.pnas.org/content/113/11/3048
        
           | scythe wrote:
           | >The lab leak theory really is a conspiracy theory, because
           | it requires the scientists at WIV to have discovered a virus
           | that they didn't tell anyone about, including their close
           | collaborators abroad, for them to have secretly isolated it,
           | for it to have escaped from a highly secure laboratory, and
           | then for them to have covered it up. You can assert that all
           | these things happened, but there's precisely zero evidence
           | for it.
           | 
           | This is a generally informative and helpful comment, but I
           | think there's a flaw in this argument. If WIV isolates
           | viruses (from samples), there could be the possibility that a
           | virus escapes before it is isolated and sequenced, or that
           | the virus is not successfully isolated and sequenced but
           | escapes and infects somebody. We do not need to suggest that
           | they had preexisting records of SARS-CoV-2, which I would
           | agree is clearly beyond reasonable speculation.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | The virus was out in the wild for months before it was
             | detected.
             | 
             | For the scenario in your second paragraph to play out, the
             | WIV would have to have isolated the virus, then leaked it,
             | but for nothing to published or communicated to
             | collaborators about it for months. This is very unlikely.
        
       | sto_hristo wrote:
       | Yeah, sure go look for it more than a year later. That's how it
       | works best.
       | 
       | China and WHO spit in the face of the world. And world smiled
       | back and greeted them.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | The WHO is a horrible cobbled together mess of political
         | interference and compromises.
         | 
         | The WHO is also a vital resource for developing nations which
         | lack the technical infrastructure and know-how to do their own
         | research or develop their own policies, and depend on support
         | from the WHO to advise and provide resources to deal with
         | medical crises. It's out there saving lives across the
         | developing world every day.
         | 
         | Both of these things are true, but the reason the WHO is a
         | political football is because the nation states it depends on
         | for funding and resources keep kicking it about for their own
         | political purposes. The WHO is the organisation our countries
         | have built, organised the way we structured it, vulnerable to
         | nation state interference so that our nations can interfere
         | with them when we want to.
         | 
         | The only way to get the job the WHO are tasked with done
         | properly is to stop kicking them about and actually support
         | them in their efforts. Insist they be freed from nation state
         | interference, stop blaming them for being kicked about, and go
         | after the nation states interfering with and undermining them.
         | That also means reforming the WHO itself and better resourcing
         | it. We need to stop being part of the problem and start being
         | part of the solution.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please don't post nationalistic flamewar comments to HN.
         | Comments like this are destructive of the forum, regardless of
         | your views on the underlying issues. Protecting the commons
         | from disintegrating and destroying itself is the higher
         | priority here, for what should be obvious reasons.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | Touche wrote:
         | How exactly did the world "smile back and greet them"?
        
           | sto_hristo wrote:
           | By not doing anything to counteract China's self-interest
           | influence over the whole organization. China turned them in a
           | personal PR agency that went as far as having WHO's head
           | renaming the virus to something that doesn't mention its
           | origins and everyone happily ate it without question.
           | 
           | It's infuriating. The only entity of significant influence
           | that offered some resistance was Trump, but his leadership
           | was compromised and had little to none net support to make a
           | difference.
        
             | Touche wrote:
             | This is about the name, I see.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | Hint: it looks like Winnie the Pooh
        
       | thowaway959125 wrote:
       | Note that SARS-CoV-2 contains a unique furin cleavage site,
       | unseen in other coronaviruses.
       | 
       | The first to point this out, in February 2020, was the Wuhan
       | Institute of Virology:
       | 
       | https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12250-020-002...
       | 
       | This strange furin cleave site allows the virus to bind to human
       | ACE2 receptors. An interesting scientific reading on this, which
       | does not rule out genetic manipulation in a lab:
       | 
       | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/bies.2020002...
        
       | tim333 wrote:
       | The article seems a reasonable summary of the situation so far.
       | I'm not sure the Chinese have been as helpful as they could be in
       | terms of access to patients, blood samples and so forth which
       | makes it tricky to find that much.
        
         | macspoofing wrote:
         | >I'm not sure the Chinese have been as helpful as they could be
         | ...
         | 
         | Talk about an understatement.
        
       | qwerty1234599 wrote:
       | Obviously not. It's some random wild animal population of an
       | unknown species, living near a bat cave in rural China.
        
         | to1y wrote:
         | So this particularly odd strain came from caves 900km away and
         | settled next to a virology institute which has been studying
         | coronaviruses for the last 15 years? Are you a betting man? If
         | you think about it the alternative(it came from nature) is
         | arguably much more worrying. Does it matter? Not that much.
         | It'd just put an end to the research. This field of study has
         | been criticized forever for this exact reason and the fact that
         | its basically fancy chemical warfare being sold as research for
         | medicine. Did China let it loose on purpose? Of course not, it
         | wouldn't have come from China. Does no one remember SARS
         | escaped twice?
        
       | pluc wrote:
       | We'll never find out since the answer is behind a paywall
        
         | Method-X wrote:
         | https://outline.com/jDKGUn
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | Delete cookies?
        
         | dang wrote:
         | If there's a workaround, it's ok. Users usually post
         | workarounds in the thread.
         | 
         | This is in the FAQ at https://news.ycombinator.com/newsfaq.html
         | and there's more explanation here:
         | 
         | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&so...
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10178989
        
         | dvfjsdhgfv wrote:
         | Just disable JS.
        
           | pluc wrote:
           | they don't want me to read their article, why would I
        
       | MilnerRoute wrote:
       | https://www.cbsnews.com/news/covid-lab-theory-robert-redfiel...
       | 
       | CBS News, yesterday:
       | 
       |  _Kristian G. Andersen, director of the infectious disease
       | genomics, translational research institute at Scripps Research,
       | noted that "We know that the first epidemiologically linked
       | cluster of cases came from the Hunan market and we know the virus
       | was found in environmental samples -- including animal cages --
       | at the market," he said. "Any 'lab leak' theory would have to
       | account for that scenario -- which it simply can't, without
       | invoking a major conspiracy and cover up by Chinese scientists
       | and authorities."_
        
         | jdhn wrote:
         | Is it possible that the virus got there due to it floating
         | around in the air, and not because it originated in animals?
        
           | MilnerRoute wrote:
           | No.
           | 
           | The BSL-4 high-security lab was 7 miles away.
           | 
           | https://www.snopes.com/news/2020/04/01/covid-19-bioweapon/
        
       | lioeters wrote:
       | Possibly that animal was Homo sapiens, whose curiosity led to
       | gathering a particularly virulent sample from the lungs of a
       | dying miner, culturing it further in a lab.
        
       | tzs wrote:
       | > "If this is a man-made catastrophe," says Miles Yu, an analyst
       | with the conservative Hudson Institute, "I think the world should
       | seek reparations."
       | 
       | That would open an interesting can of worms.
       | 
       | 1. It is common under many (most?) legal systems for those harmed
       | by another's negligence to have a duty to mitigate damages.
       | 
       | For example, if I'm burning something on my property and an ember
       | from my fire sets something on fire on your property, which you
       | see happen, and you could put the fire out before it causes much
       | damage easily with your garden hose but instead just watch it
       | burn, I'm probably only going to by liable for that portion of
       | the damage that would have happened had you used the hose.
       | 
       | A few governments could make a case for full reparations, such as
       | South Korea, Vietnam, and a few others. The US, most of Europe,
       | and much of South America, on the other hand, would have a hard
       | time arguing that most of their harm, especially after the first
       | wave, was not due to their own poor handling of the pandemic.
       | 
       | 2. If the release was accidental but not negligent, the "Act of
       | God" principle may apply.
       | 
       | That principle is that some failures are just expected in the
       | course of some activity that is commonly done, and if the failure
       | is not caused by negligence it is written off as an act of God,
       | and it is up the victim to deal with.
       | 
       | For example, my neighbor has several 100 ft (30 m) tall trees
       | that when I look at them from my back door I have to look up at a
       | 60 degree angle to see their tops, which means that they are much
       | closer than 100 ft (30 m) from my house.. If one of those trees
       | fell over in my direction the damage to my house (and me
       | depending on where I was at the time) would be extensive.
       | 
       | Whether my neighbor would pay for that damage or I would depends
       | on the health of the tree. If the tree was dying or dead then the
       | neighbor would be liable. They are supposed to watch for those
       | things and have such trees safely removed. If the tree was
       | healthy and just caught a bad break with the wind then I have to
       | deal with it. An act of God brought it down and it is my problem.
       | 
       | Several countries operate labs working with potential pandemic
       | causing viruses. Accidents have happened before, and will happen
       | again, but they all continue operating those labs. They know at
       | the time they build these labs that these accidents happen even
       | in the best run labs, they calculate about how often they will
       | happen, and decide that the benefits (often military benefits)
       | are worth it in the long run.
       | 
       | I could see a country that has one of those accidents argue that
       | at least in relation to other countries that also run such labs
       | that their release was one of those "normal" accidents, not a
       | negligent accident, and so each country that itself runs such
       | labs is responsible for handling its own damages.
       | 
       | 3. Some of the countries that would most like to receive
       | reparations also do or have done things that have caused
       | widespread harm outside their countries, which one might argue
       | should lead to reparations. It may be hard to find a way to set
       | the boundary on what should or should not require reparations
       | that has COVID on the "yes" side and the things that they have
       | done on the "no" side. They may decide it is better to keep the
       | lid firmly on that Pandora's box.
        
         | Touche wrote:
         | On the world stage there is no court system. All you have is
         | sanctions and war. And it seems unlikely that any significant
         | number of countries are going to sanction an economic power
         | like China over an accident. Look at the weak sanctions put on
         | Russia which annexed a neighbor, and routinely assassinates
         | political rivals.
        
         | jdhn wrote:
         | Frankly, if this did come from a lab in China, I doubt there
         | would be any repercussions. What would happen, additional
         | tariffs on Chinese products, or sanctions against certain CCP
         | officials? I believe the latter is more likely than the former.
        
       | Gelob wrote:
       | Pretty sure it was randy marsh
        
       | dimgl wrote:
       | I was called a conspiracy theorist on Reddit last year for saying
       | that this likely came from the lab in Wuhan. Now it's a
       | possibility? It's getting incredibly frustrating to go online and
       | be constantly attacked for having common sense views.
        
         | stephenmcirl77 wrote:
         | Did you have any evidence to back up your theory at the time? A
         | broken clock is right twice a day after all.
         | 
         | Are you saying we should now listen to every conspiracy theory
         | on the internet on the off chance it might be right?
        
         | williamdclt wrote:
         | It might be because you were saying it was "likely" despite any
         | evidence? Ending up being right isn't a to anybody's credit if
         | the original assumption was groundless.
         | 
         | (I'm not attacking you, I don't know what was your exact
         | argument)
        
           | peytn wrote:
           | The initial outbreak was literally covered up. Conditioning
           | on that fact, common sense would place more belief on "lab
           | leak" and less on "natural origin." Thus, in the Bayesian
           | sense, one might describe a lab leak as "likely" relatively
           | speaking despite lacking direct evidence such as lab
           | notebooks for or against that hypothesis.
        
             | gred wrote:
             | Partly agree, but also keep in mind that the CCP is by
             | nature secretive and authoritarian. IMO the cover-up still
             | shifts the probability, but less than it might in another
             | country where cover-ups are less "business as usual".
        
         | 13415 wrote:
         | "possible" does not imply "likely". It was always a
         | possibility, the only thing we know with relative certainty is
         | that it originated from near Wuhan and that the virus is not
         | engineered. But it could have been lab grown. The problem is
         | the lack of concrete evidence for this thesis.
         | 
         | I'd say that it's very likely that you did not present any
         | concrete evidence for the lab theory last year, neither do you
         | have any now. So as far as I'm concerned you're still in
         | conspiracy theory territory.
         | 
         | Here is the real problem, though: It's not really a common
         | sense view. The only reasonable common sense view is to remain
         | agnostic in such matters until enough evidence is discovered.
         | If you have thousands of conspiracy theorists throwing around
         | thousands of different claims around about something, then
         | surely one or two may in hindsight turn out to be right. That
         | doesn't mean they presented a reasonable view or aren't
         | conspiracy theorists.
         | 
         | Just to make this clear, I'm not talking about you personally,
         | of course. Maybe you argued very well and convincingly and
         | presented some great evidence a year ago. But the fallacious
         | thought pattern is a huge problem in online discussions.
         | Sometimes you don't even need to consider thousands of
         | conspiracy theorists, some people are so prolific online that
         | they make a lot of different claims about a lot of of different
         | topics, and then, when they happen to be right in hindsight
         | once, feel confirmed.
         | 
         | On a side note (not related to the above post at all), another
         | issue in online debates I've grown to really hate is that many
         | people online have become extremely dismissive towards experts
         | and come up with extremely obvious counter-arguments as if the
         | experts hadn't considered them. In every single case they have,
         | of course. It's crazy how much stupidity some people tend to
         | attribute to experts but not to themselves.
        
       | simonh wrote:
       | Aliens!
       | 
       | Since we're just making crap up.
        
       | MilnerRoute wrote:
       | The WHO team has already reported new information about their
       | recent investigation. I'm always surprised that that's entirely
       | left out of these conversations.
       | 
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/14/health/WHO-covid-daszak-c...
       | 
       | Apparently China's disease-control center had done a great deal
       | of investigating of the Wuhan market, a WHO team member told the
       | New York Times:
       | 
       |  _They 'd actually done over 900 swabs in the end, a huge amount
       | of work. They had been through the sewage system. They'd been
       | into the air ventilation shaft to look for bats. They'd caught
       | animals around the market. They'd caught cats, stray cats, rats,
       | they even caught one weasel. They'd sampled snakes. People had
       | live snakes at the market, live turtles, live frogs. Rabbits were
       | there, rabbit carcasses... Animals were coming into that market
       | that could have carried the coronavirus. They could have been
       | infected by bats somewhere else in China and brought it in. So
       | that's clue No. 1... Some of these are coming from places where
       | we know the nearest relatives of the virus are found. So there's
       | the real red flag..._
       | 
       |  _There were other markets. And we do know that some of the
       | patients had links to other markets._
        
       | Method-X wrote:
       | To get past the paywall: https://outline.com/jDKGUn
        
       | underseacables wrote:
       | Possibly because it leaked from a lab?
        
       | incrudible wrote:
       | It's interesting to see that with Donald Trump out of office, the
       | "lab escape" hypothesis is not roundly dismissed as a right-wing
       | conspiracy theory anymore.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | Accidental lab escape, or premeditated lab escape?
         | 
         | Edit: Because the former doesn't sound like much of a
         | conspiracy, aside from a cover-up afterwards.
        
           | incrudible wrote:
           | I'm gonna invoke Hanlon's razor on that one.
        
           | whiddershins wrote:
           | What's odd is how infrequent it is for people to point out
           | this distinction can never be known for sure.
           | 
           | From there, the only safe bet is to act _as if_ it were
           | intentional.
           | 
           | This is a controversial concept, but it is the rational
           | choice. Never assume that someone who harms you is doing it
           | accidentally. Even though it is more often than not the case,
           | you still have to protect yourself with the possibility of
           | malice in mind.
        
             | incrudible wrote:
             | Taken to the extreme, there's a pathology for that line of
             | reasoning:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persecutory_delusion
        
             | atoav wrote:
             | I am going to transfer this to the individual:
             | 
             | Working with the default hypothesis of "everybody is out
             | there to destroy me" is not only a sign of paranoia, but in
             | most cases also wrong (because in reality not everything is
             | about you and accidents happen).
             | 
             | So starting with the default hypothesis of malice has the
             | serious downside that you will constantly feel threatened
             | even if looking back there was no rational reason to feel
             | threatened. This is not only incredibly exhausting, it also
             | will lead to a "crying wolf"-type of problem, if the
             | perceived threat rarely turns out to be one. And when
             | something really dangerous is going to happen, you might
             | not be able to react in a rational way (because all your
             | previous reactions were irrational ones).
             | 
             | What I think is important to rationally tackle that
             | question is also to factor in confidence. I will always
             | assume innocence (just because it makes me a happier
             | person), but that doesn't mean my confidence in the other
             | person being innocent is always big. If there are signs
             | that other person is acting in malice, my confidence that
             | they are innocent will shrink. Once that confidence crosses
             | a certain threshold I will assume malice. This can also
             | happen within a split second, so I don't see how this would
             | not be the rational way to do this. If you go get bread at
             | the bakery, you wouldn't assume the baker wants to poison
             | you per default right? So you would assume their innocence
             | unless there are clear indicators they are a baker that
             | poisons their customers. The other way around, if a man
             | jumps out of a bush in a dark alley and comes at you with a
             | knife, you wouldn't assume they are innocent, because there
             | are really strong indicators they are not.
             | 
             | So what is irrational is to have incredible high confidence
             | in either innocence or malice when in fact you are in a
             | situation with lack of evidence to either direction. And
             | this is the case in this situation.
        
             | jmull wrote:
             | How is that rational?
             | 
             | For one, if we assume it was released from a lab and that
             | was intentional, the what was the intent?
             | 
             | If it was to do what happened -- kill millions and
             | devastate the global economy -- then the right reaction is
             | a very severe cold war or possibly outright war. We
             | literally could not allow it to happen again.
             | 
             | But if it was released from a lab unintentionally, the
             | right reaction is to spare no expense, regulation and
             | treaty to secure such labs from this ever happening again.
             | This would go for all labs like this, not just Chinese
             | ones.
             | 
             | These are entirely different reactions with entirely
             | different costs and long-term ramifications for peace and
             | stability for our world.
             | 
             | Not to mention, the intentional release scenario doesn't
             | really make sense. E.g., China couldn't damage our economy
             | without damaging their own. And if you're going to choose
             | where to start the pandemic, why start it in your own
             | country near a bio-research lab? If it was started
             | intentionally, it makes more sense that China was framed.
             | (Still doesn't make a lot of sense though because what's
             | the rational motivation?)
        
           | mrkramer wrote:
           | Most likely accidental if it was premeditated all out global
           | bio-weapon war would happen.
           | 
           | Just like assassination of Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke
           | Franz Ferdinand brought domino effect and caused First World
           | war the same would happen now.
        
             | cheaprentalyeti wrote:
             | Oh, one more thing. If you were in charge and your choices
             | were "Start WW3 with tens of millions of US Casualties" or
             | "ignore the fact that the enemy just killed 400,000 people"
             | what the heck would you do?
        
               | mrkramer wrote:
               | What did Bush do when September 11 attacks happened?
               | United States responded by invading Afghanistan in order
               | to fight Talibans and they brought Patriot Act in order
               | to greatly tighten US national security; the act included
               | three main provisions:
               | 
               | expanded abilities of law enforcement to surveil,
               | including by tapping domestic and international phones;
               | 
               | eased interagency communication to allow federal agencies
               | to more effectively use all available resources in
               | counterterrorism efforts; and
               | 
               | increased penalties for terrorism crimes and an expanded
               | list of activities which would qualify someone to be
               | charged with terrorism.[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriot_Act
        
               | cheaprentalyeti wrote:
               | That's a non-sequitur. Bush wasn't President when this
               | happened.
               | 
               | The critic of Bush who spent the first three years of his
               | term under investigation by the US's intelligence
               | agencies was. If they'd have been doing their job maybe
               | we'd know more about who commissioned the Surgisphere
               | paper, and it would have actually made the news.
        
             | cheaprentalyeti wrote:
             | >Most likely accidental if it was premeditated all out
             | global bio-weapon war would happen.
             | 
             | No, because at the same time they'd simultaneously make it
             | look accidental; with a dictatorial, authoritarian country
             | like China they could keep the evidence that it was
             | premedicated from coming to light _and_ they could count on
             | their politically fractured victims reacting in such a way
             | as to further their goals.
             | 
             | I notice that the matter of HCQ getting effectively shut
             | down in the US due to the fraudulent Surgisphere paper and
             | it _didn't raise any alarms at HN where someone asked WHY
             | someone went through the trouble of planting a fake paper
             | IN THE LANCET_.
             | 
             | It's been brought up here but noone notices the
             | implications.
             | 
             | When did Hacker News become so damn intellectually
             | incurious about these sorts of things?
        
         | Touche wrote:
         | It's almost as if the motivation for a claim matters.
        
           | incrudible wrote:
           | So, if a claim is made, but the person who claims it has bad
           | intentions, it can be dismissed?
           | 
           | I believe there's a logical fallacy for that:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reductio_ad_Hitlerum
        
             | Touche wrote:
             | We don't know if it's true, there's still no evidence even
             | today.
             | 
             | Motivation affects how we react to a theory with no
             | evidence, when coming from Tom Cotton vs. a former CDC
             | director.
             | 
             | Btw, Tom Cotton's claim was that it was a government
             | biochemical weapon's lab, that's not Redfield's theory.
        
               | incrudible wrote:
               | > We don't know if it's true, there's still no evidence
               | even today.
               | 
               | I have edited my comment to reflect that.
               | 
               | > Motivation affects how we react to a theory with no
               | evidence, when coming from Tom Cotton vs. a former CDC
               | director.
               | 
               | There's another fallacy for that:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_authority
        
               | Touche wrote:
               | I took logic in college too. I didn't say that motivation
               | affects whether something is true or not, just how much
               | skepticism we apply to it. It's perfectly normal and good
               | that we believe things experts say (when we ourselves do
               | not have expertise) over a guy shouting on a street
               | corner.
        
               | incrudible wrote:
               | > It's perfectly normal and good...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is%E2%80%93ought_problem
        
             | melling wrote:
             | If a claim is made and no evidence is provided, then should
             | anyone give it much credibility?
             | 
             | The news prints these stories then they become the truth in
             | the minds of many people.
        
               | incrudible wrote:
               | In hindsight, I'm not happy with the word "claim" either,
               | but I don't want to edit the comment again.
               | 
               | Let's go with "hypothesis" for the sake of argument:
               | 
               | In this case, we have a basket of competing hypotheses,
               | _none_ of which have any solid evidence going for them.
               | 
               | Yet, some of these hypotheses have _not_ been dismissed
               | as conspiracy theories. Those were the hypotheses that
               | conveniently fit a  "humans encroach on
               | wildlife"-narrative.
               | 
               | I'm just pointing this out as "interesting", I'm not
               | arguing that this circumstance gives validity to one
               | hypothesis over another.
        
               | melling wrote:
               | In the past, we have seen...
               | 
               | So we have prior evidence...so we give more weight...
               | 
               | The investigators should examine all possibilities, of
               | course.
               | 
               | Repeating the most "exciting" theory on Opinion News
               | night after night...
        
               | incrudible wrote:
               | We have prior evidence for both lab escapes and gain-of-
               | function experiments on coronaviruses (in Wuhan, no
               | less).
               | 
               | Assigning weights to these circumstances can be done
               | arbitrarily, to the point where the lab escape hypothesis
               | becomes the most plausible one:
               | 
               | https://www.rootclaim.com/analysis/What-is-the-source-of-
               | COV...
        
               | melling wrote:
               | Sure, when you get the evidence let me know.
               | 
               | Speculate all you want.
               | 
               | I've never heard of the escapes. Perhaps we watch
               | different news sources and you spend a lot of time
               | reading different stories.
               | 
               | I've got 55 years of hearing about viruses jumping from
               | animals so my priors are different.
               | 
               | AIDS, SARS, swine flu,...
               | 
               | By the way, the last thing I want to be shown is some
               | random sight on the Internet as evidence. Climate change
               | deniers live by these sites
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Please don't perpetuate flamewars either. This just makes
             | things worse.
             | 
             | If you wouldn't mind reviewing
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and taking
             | the intended spirit of the site more to heart, we'd be
             | grateful. Note these:
             | 
             | " _Comments should get more thoughtful and substantive, not
             | less, as a topic gets more divisive._ "
             | 
             | " _Eschew flamebait. Don 't introduce flamewar topics
             | unless you have something genuinely new to say. Avoid
             | unrelated controversies and generic tangents._"
             | 
             | $TOPIC -> Trump -> Hitler is a textbook example of what
             | that last guideline is asking you not to do. We're trying
             | for an end state other than default internet hell.
        
         | mattacular wrote:
         | We'd like to go to war with China now that the right people are
         | positioned to profit from it. US doing a land war still
         | requires public support so now it's ok to drum up.
        
           | throwaway316943 wrote:
           | Not sure they actually want a war with a real power, see how
           | much they tucked their tails when Russia put it's foot down
           | in Syria. They just want to find someone with enough money to
           | play brinksmanship with them so they can continue to line
           | their pockets.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | It's a credible theory I think, but it doesn't help that
         | various conspiracy nuts have been fabricating fake evidence for
         | it, exaggerating or misrepresenting facts and clouding it with
         | a fog of crazy. I have no idea if the lab escape hypothesis is
         | true, there's a reasonable chance that's what happened, but
         | it's also true that the crackpot brigade is out on this one in
         | force and that really isn't helping.
        
         | atoav wrote:
         | Donald Trump would have used any present ambiguity to spin it
         | into a conspiracy myth, like he has demonstrated e.g. in the
         | last US election [1]. Unsurprisingly this practise doesn't
         | really create a climate in which curiosity and open speculation
         | will thrive.
         | 
         | Understandably, there are few researchers who would like their
         | scientific speculation to become part the often colourful
         | narratives Donald Trump and his followers tell each others.
         | 
         | Edit: edited to reduce snarkiness and polemic phrases
         | 
         | [1] For an example of Trump trying to find "material" that he
         | can use for the stories he tells his following, see this
         | transcript of Trumps call to the Georgia election official at
         | the bottom of the page:
         | https://apnews.com/article/election-2020-joe-biden-donald-tr...
        
         | bsima wrote:
         | It's almost as if the news media is made up, perhaps even
         | "fake."
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please don't take HN threads into partisan flamewar. It makes
         | discussions more predictable and nastier, and therefore dumber.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | beowulfey wrote:
         | Nobody ever dismissed it. It has been a viable theory since the
         | beginning. What was dangerous was pointing the finger at China
         | and saying "this is all their fault!" without any evidence.
         | There STILL is not evidence, but that doesn't mean it should
         | not be investigated as a source.
         | 
         | Dismissing the theory outright has never and will never be an
         | option. I don't like that this is what the team decided to do,
         | and I suspect there is a lot of tension in this investigation.
        
           | incrudible wrote:
           | > Nobody ever dismissed it.
           | 
           | You must've missed out on previous HN discussions. I remember
           | these guys in particular being paraded around:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sBQplOe8-LE
           | 
           | I did find their tone quite dismissive, and the verdict in
           | the title leaves little room for interpretation.
           | 
           | > What was dangerous was pointing the finger at China and
           | saying "this is all their fault!" without any evidence.
           | 
           | True, but that's irrelevant to the plausibility of the
           | hypothesis.
           | 
           | > There STILL is not evidence, but that doesn't mean it
           | should not be investigated as a source.
           | 
           | Arguably, it's _still dangerous_ to do exactly that.
        
             | beowulfey wrote:
             | I think a lot of the confusion, based on the responses to
             | my comment, is separating the idea that the virus was
             | CREATED in a lab from it being accidentally released from
             | the lab. The former implies intent and carries a lot of
             | secondary implications about bioweapons and political
             | maneuverings. It is a hefty claim.
             | 
             | The latter is simpler--it is reasonable to think a lab that
             | maintains and studies viruses similar to Covid-19
             | accidentally allowed one to be released. It does not imply
             | an intent to misuse the virus.
             | 
             | I have not watched the video, I'm sorry. I'll try and get
             | to it later.
        
               | incrudible wrote:
               | > The former implies intent...
               | 
               | It doesn't imply intent to use as a bioweapon, much less
               | release it in their own population.
               | 
               | The hypothesis that this was a gain-of-function
               | experiment that went awry due to lax security still does
               | put a lot of pressure on Chinese authorities, on top of
               | the poor handling at the beginning of the outbreak.
        
           | dataflow wrote:
           | > Nobody ever dismissed it
           | 
           | There was at least one paper calling it "natural selection",
           | and some folks who read it agreed that it ruled out
           | laboratory accidents:
           | 
           |  _" The high-affinity binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
           | to human ACE2 is most likely the result of natural selection
           | on a human or human-like ACE2 that permits another optimal
           | binding solution to arise. This is strong evidence that SARS-
           | CoV-2 is not the product of purposeful manipulation."_
           | 
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0820-9
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/ehundman/status/1246597925288816640
           | 
           | https://www.newsweek.com/claim-that-coronavirus-came-lab-
           | chi...
        
             | beowulfey wrote:
             | That is not addressing the same claim though. That was
             | refuting the theory that people were spreading about it
             | being genetically engineered to be infectious towards
             | humans.
        
               | incrudible wrote:
               | > ...it being genetically engineered to be infectious
               | towards humans
               | 
               | That's literally what a gain-of-function experiment is.
               | These are done to study how viruses interact with humans
               | so that we can deal with them better. There's nothing
               | sinister about it, such experiments are happening all
               | over the world and they did happen in Wuhan.
        
               | cheaprentalyeti wrote:
               | Maybe it's time for us to realize that some "gain of
               | function" research can be weaponized and made sinister.
        
               | dataflow wrote:
               | > That is not addressing the same claim though.
               | 
               | Did you just reply to the sentence I quoted or did you
               | click the links? The tweets are very obviously not
               | limited to that:
               | https://twitter.com/ehundman/status/1246598376377831425
               | 
               | And honestly, it's hard to go from "this happened via
               | natural selection" to "nobody dismissed this coming from
               | a lab". Even if it's technically possible, surely you can
               | understand why readers' message from this is not "this
               | could have come from a lab".
        
               | beowulfey wrote:
               | Alright, I'll concede I should not have used the phrase
               | "nobody"
        
           | graeme wrote:
           | They absolutely did. See this NYT article. Ben Thompson of
           | Stratechery discussed it in an excellent article linked
           | below. Key excerpt from the NYT piece. Doesn't get more
           | official than that:
           | 
           | > Hoaxes, lies and collective delusions aren't new, but the
           | extent to which millions of Americans have embraced them may
           | be. Thirty percent of Republicans have a favorable view of
           | QAnon, according to a recent YouGov poll. According to other
           | polls, more than 70 percent of Republicans believe Mr. Trump
           | legitimately won the election, _and 40 percent of Americans
           | -- including plenty of Democrats -- believe the baseless
           | theory that COVID-19 was manufactured in a Chinese lab._
           | 
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/02/technology/biden-
           | reality-...
           | 
           | https://stratechery.com/2021/mistakes-memes-and-foreign-
           | grou...
        
             | dataflow wrote:
             | The NPR article that your NYT article links to is more
             | direct about this; I'll link to it and quote it here
             | directly: https://www.npr.org/transcripts/951095644
             | 
             | > The poll gave people a sort of test to see if they could
             | spot misinformation like the coronavirus was created in a
             | lab or that voter fraud helped Joe Biden win the 2020
             | election.
             | 
             | > 40% of poll respondents believe one of the biggest
             | conspiracy theories that's out there about the virus, that
             | it was made in a lab in China. There is no evidence for
             | this. And scientists say that the virus was transmitted to
             | humans from another species. But I talked to people all
             | over the country who responded to our poll and they still
             | believe this.
        
             | beowulfey wrote:
             | That is addressing the theory that the virus was
             | manufactured in a lab, i.e with the intent to release. Not
             | the idea that it was released accidentally. It is very
             | different.
        
               | dataflow wrote:
               | Do you just assume without clicking that every rebuttal
               | to your point must be only addressing deliberate,
               | malicious dissemination of the virus? I even went out of
               | my way to quote the relevant parts of it here so you
               | could immediately see the lack of "intent" without
               | clicking:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26610037
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please omit personal swipes and don't take threads
               | further into flamewar. Those things don't help. If
               | another comment is interpreting you inaccurately or
               | otherwise in error, provide correct information
               | respectfully. If you can't (or don't want to) do that,
               | it's better not to post until you can (and do).
        
               | incrudible wrote:
               | It doesn't say anything about "intent". The hypothesis
               | that the virus was modified in a gain-of-function
               | experiment in Wuhan is plausible.
        
               | graeme wrote:
               | The quote doesn't say "with intent to release". You're
               | writing that in. I'll quote Thompson on 'manufacture'
               | 
               | > Wait, what was that last one? "The baseless theory that
               | COVID-19 was manufactured in a Chinese lab"? I feel
               | pretty certain that COVID-19 wasn't deliberately
               | manufactured and deployed as some sort of biological
               | attack, but where does "gain-of-function" experiments end
               | and "manufacturing" begin? Even if it ends up being true
               | that the lab-leak hypothesis is wrong there is actually
               | zero question that the Wuhan lab was manipulating
               | coronaviruses to make them more lethal. To that end, the
               | primary evidence we have that the lab-leak hypothesis is
               | false is that China says it is false.
               | 
               | This gives a new perspective to Roose's recommendations
               | (well technically, the recommendation of the experts he
               | consulted, which all happen to align with Roose's
               | previously stated beliefs) that the Biden administration
               | set up a "truth commission", appoint a "reality czar",
               | audit tech company algorithms, and "fix people's
               | problems" with a social stimulus.
               | 
               | The lab _was_ doing gain of function experiments, which
               | most people would agree would constitute "being made in a
               | lab".
               | 
               | I don't necessarily think the lab leak hypothesis is the
               | truth, but it certainly is a real possibility. And if it
               | was an accidental leak then it would very likely have
               | been a virus modified via gain of function.
        
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