[HN Gopher] Open source is not a business model (2018)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Open source is not a business model (2018)
        
       Author : JNRowe
       Score  : 123 points
       Date   : 2021-03-27 14:00 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (anonymoushash.vmbrasseur.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (anonymoushash.vmbrasseur.com)
        
       | JoelJacobson wrote:
       | Open Source = the "Atoms" in Our "Digital Periodic Table"
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26604020
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | Unfortunately it is a marketing term now, or new age jargon crap
       | like "dont be evil"
        
       | dalbasal wrote:
       | Kind of Meta: The meaning of "business model," in a
       | software/startup context is somewhat quaint:
       | 
       | "All it really meant was how you planned to make money."
       | 
       | "Model" seems grandiose for a word that could be simplified to
       | "income source." Comparisons to restaurants tend to be strained.
       | Restaurant "business models" are not generally that complicated:
       | People pay restaurants for food. Some deliver. The reason
       | software people contemplate business models and restaurateurs
       | don't is that "software," regardless of licensing, doesn't come
       | with a standard business model. Every one is a snowflake.
       | 
       | In software, "business model" is a wide range of possibilities.
       | Most of them failing. Many quitely succeeding. A few explosively
       | winning. Is AirBnB a software business model? Is Adwords? Even
       | MSFT, which does literally exchange software for money... MSFT's
       | "business model" is a complicated, impossible to replicate thing.
       | 
       | The majority of software that's literally exchanged for money is
       | done with some sort of services/support bundled in... and the
       | customer is a business. _If I give it away then why do people buy
       | it?_ " is not even a sensible question. What does that question
       | mean for Google, Apple or Amazon? There are plenty of exceptions:
       | Photoshop, MS office... but even these are becoming online
       | services and the "business model" is less directly "software for
       | cash."
       | 
       | TLDR, software doesn't have a standard business model regardless.
       | Weighted by revenue share, the vast majority of software revenue
       | comes from advertising, luxury electronics, web services or some
       | other "business model" that isn't contradicted by OS in any way.
       | "Selling software" in a sandwich-4-cash comparable way is
       | surprisingly rare, regardless of license.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Judgmentality wrote:
         | > Every [software business] is a snowflake.
         | 
         | As much as I appreciate this comment, it's less limited to
         | software than you paint it to be. When you start digging into
         | how businesses actually make money, you quickly realize it's
         | rarely what it seems.
         | 
         | Many gas stations that are wildly successful, such as Sheetz
         | and Wawa, don't make their money selling gas, they make it
         | selling food using gas as a commodity to get the customer in
         | the door. Likewise, McDonald's doesn't really make its money
         | selling food either, although this is a lot more complicated
         | and heavily involves real estate and franchising.
         | 
         | In other words, nothing is really as it seems when you peel
         | back the veneer. Software just happens to be relatively new and
         | is poorly understood by most people.
        
       | SteveNuts wrote:
       | 24 hour/365 production support is a requirement for large
       | companies, sell that. Putting features behind a paywall doesn't
       | work when the entire business can be forked and those features
       | implemented for free. See AWS with Elasticsearch.
       | 
       | There's a reason enterprises use MSSQL, Oracle, etc.
        
         | FearlessNebula wrote:
         | If I understand this correctly, you're saying companies choose
         | to license paid databases like Microsoft SQL or Oracle over
         | open source SQL databases for support. What kind of support do
         | companies need for a database? I can't figure out this error
         | message my query generates or how can I update to the next
         | version of your DB? Something along those lines?
        
           | hvasilev wrote:
           | if there is a sufficiently large issue with the product
           | itself, the vendor is monetarily incentivised to fix it asap.
           | I personally have no expectation of that for free / os
           | software.
        
             | silvestrov wrote:
             | > sufficiently large issue
             | 
             | My experience is that for 99% companies there is absolutely
             | no way to be "sufficiently large" for Oracle to take notice
             | of any bugs/problems with their SQL database.
             | 
             | As you don't have the source, there is no way to get the
             | problem fixed.
             | 
             | With open source software you can go on the market and hire
             | one of the developers or an independent contractor.
        
               | ab_testing wrote:
               | I think it depends on the type of Oracle product that you
               | are implementing. Having implemented Oracle packaged
               | products for a long time (ERP, OBIEE etc.), there are
               | hundreds of known bugs in each of the modules. In fact,
               | many times, new clients comb through the bug reports
               | before implementing a new module to check if a listed
               | feature has a bug.
        
             | blihp wrote:
             | Not with Enterprise software they aren't. The vendor
             | contracts (as it's typically written on the vendors paper
             | rather than the customers) have more than enough wiggle
             | room to get out of virtually any scenario. It's only with
             | smaller software companies where you may be able to
             | negotiate these sorts of terms.
        
           | SteveNuts wrote:
           | Honestly, it's more about CYA than anything.
           | 
           | A sev 1 issue pretty much automatically means a ticket to all
           | relevant vendors at large companies, and typically you'll
           | have a dedicated SE and TAM that will join your war room. You
           | don't want to be the guy whose idea it was to roll some DB
           | you compiled from source off of github and now some critical
           | functionality isn't working and it's on you to fix it. Even
           | medium size businesses will pay quite a bit of money for
           | support, just in case.
           | 
           | Source: I've worked at a fortune 10 in IT. There, it wasn't
           | uncommon to have your SEs from 2-3 different
           | software/hardware vendors on the bridge while troubleshooting
           | any production issues.
        
           | thrashh wrote:
           | You ever have those moments where you're just scrounged
           | together a solution from reading a bunch of random tickets
           | and forum posts and you've found this fix someone write that
           | may work and now you're going to try it?
           | 
           | I don't mind doing it but at the same I hate it because
           | you're in uncharted territory. Support can help you be that
           | second person in the room that has more familiarity with the
           | problem than anyone on your team.
           | 
           | Also I've used Postgres and MSSQL and MSSQL has more
           | features. Postgres only got non-materialized CTEs I think
           | like 10-15 years after MSSQL had them, for example.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | If you have a problem with an Oracle database you can have a
           | support person on your place in a very short time, willing to
           | share all the kinds of knowledge that Postgres developers
           | publish on their site from the start (and nothing more, but
           | they will answer your specific technical questions, what is
           | good because with Oracle, you will have a lot of them).
           | 
           | I still don't know what is the fuzz with SQL Server support.
           | AFAIK, no Microsoft support will ever help you in any way.
        
             | SteveNuts wrote:
             | But you see, it doesn't matter if they don't actually help
             | you. The bosses want to hear that you talked to the vendor,
             | and it gives them an out and someone else to finger point
             | at when issues happen.
             | 
             | The fact that SV hasn't really caught onto this is part of
             | the reason there's not a huge penetration of startup tech
             | into huge companies.
        
               | rmah wrote:
               | Oracle and many other old-school enterprise software
               | companies ARE Silicon Valley. SV caught onto this decades
               | ago.
        
               | SteveNuts wrote:
               | Fair, then the new crop seems to have forgotten it
        
         | blihp wrote:
         | It's more a combination of executive CYA and availability of
         | resources (employees, contractors and vendors) who know the
         | product. The actual support provided, even when you are a large
         | customer, often leaves much to be desired. It's usually easier
         | to get the vendor to implement obscure feature X than getting
         | their (significant/useful/timely) help in putting out today's
         | operational fire caused by their product.
        
           | SteveNuts wrote:
           | Agreed, and I covered this in a few replies, I should have
           | put it in my main comment, CYA is the entire reason.
           | 
           | I'm not saying a business surrounding an open source project
           | can't make money. I am saying trying to make money by locking
           | away features is a bad way to do it. Focus on your product
           | and do it in a single stream rather than separating it into
           | FOSS and a paid tier. Make your money on support contracts.
           | 
           | Smaller companies that self-support probably won't pay you
           | for those features anyways.
        
       | hvasilev wrote:
       | There are a million ways in which your business can go belly up,
       | there is so much that can go wrong at any point. I see these open
       | source startups and I just cannot fathom how clueless MOST of
       | these people need to be to build their businesses around an
       | ideology.
       | 
       | I guess if you start from a very specific strategy and you make
       | sure that the FREE/OSS route is the optimal for the sake of your
       | business, it can make sense. Honestly if this happens to me, I
       | would probably get discouraged by the track record of such
       | companies, and just backtrack into a model with a better one, in
       | order to give my business the best possible chance.
        
       | ce385 wrote:
       | A 100%. We try to make as much as possible of our online video
       | editor (www.typestudio.co) free of charge and try to be as
       | transparent as possible in our communication. But with open
       | source we could never raise a seed round.
        
       | phkahler wrote:
       | Open source sits alongside Free Software. Free Software as
       | defined by the FSF is software that respects the _users_ freedom.
       | Freedom to use, copy, modify... They do say you can charge for
       | it, but never claim it 's a good business strategy.
       | 
       | Consulting. Services. Education. Those seem like words that might
       | let you make money. You can attach "open source" to those words
       | but it obviously doesnt stand on it's own as a business model.
        
         | bartread wrote:
         | > Consulting. Services. Education. Those seem like words that
         | might let you make money.
         | 
         | And that's cool but to a very great degree these often boil
         | down to an exchange of time for money (unless by services you
         | mean SaaS which is really just a product business with a
         | different revenue model). You can make a living but you're on a
         | treadmill that you can't ever really afford to get off of, and
         | it doesn't really scale other than by adding more people.
         | 
         | I mean it's OK, don't get me wrong - it's certainly better than
         | a kick in the balls - and you can make a decent living from it.
         | But I don't find it particularly appealing: I'd much rather be
         | involved in creating products that you can sell over and over
         | again. And, if what you've created is of value to others, why
         | shouldn't you charge them a fee to use it?
         | 
         | (Btw, I'd also add paid support to your list but, again, I
         | wouldn't want to build a business heavily based around
         | providing support because support can really wear you down - or
         | at least it can really wear me down. It's absolutely necessary,
         | but not something I find at all enjoyable.)
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> And that's cool but to a very great degree these often
           | boil down to an exchange of time for money
           | 
           | So you want to collect rent.
           | 
           | And businesses based on open source want to collect rent from
           | the work other people have already done for free.
           | 
           | Sounds exactly like one of the reasons Free Software came
           | along in the first place.
        
           | jstanley wrote:
           | > And, if what you've created is of value to others, why
           | shouldn't you charge them a fee to use it?
           | 
           | You can, but you probably won't succeed if it's open source,
           | because people can share it around freely without your
           | consent.
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | There is a middle way: license your software so that big
             | players with more than (say) $1M revenue will have to pay
             | for the development of the software, while the small guy
             | can use the free version.
             | 
             | > because people can share it around freely without your
             | consent.
             | 
             | The nice thing about this approach is that big players like
             | FAANG can't really get around it. But it doesn't matter
             | since your software is probably already a bargain for them
             | (all these big companies are essentially built on open
             | source).
        
             | mids_hn wrote:
             | Another approach is a source-available license.
             | 
             | The one I'm interested in would be one, where viewing,
             | modifying, recompiling the source is allowed, but
             | redistribution is allowed only to those who had bought the
             | license from all owners of the source and it's
             | modifications. It would produce a nice "waterfall" effect.
             | 
             | It wouldn't be open-source nor free software, but most
             | people don't really need limitless redistribution, and the
             | source would be proof that said software isn't malicious.
        
           | jiofih wrote:
           | Aka commercial software. Nothing wrong with it indeed!
           | 
           | Just don't package it with a weird "open" license and pretend
           | it's OSS. You can dual license if needed and deal with the
           | consequences.
        
           | xiphias2 wrote:
           | The real treadmill is the current monetary system. Even if
           | you make a product, but revenue doesn't grow at least 15-20%
           | YoY (the rate of money printing last year), its value is
           | shrinking over time.
        
             | WJW wrote:
             | The real real treadmill is nature. Even if you eat today,
             | you'll need more food tomorrow. How outrageous is that?!
        
               | xiphias2 wrote:
               | I'm fine with eating the same amount of food. My body
               | doesn't need 20% more food every year to get the same
               | amount of nutrients out of it.
        
           | zokier wrote:
           | The sale value of commercial software licenses stems from its
           | supply being _artificially_ constrained, which is only
           | enabled by the monopoly granted by government. Exploiting
           | that monopoly to limit access to the software to only those
           | with pockets deep enough to pay for that privilege can indeed
           | seen in a negative way.
        
             | phkahler wrote:
             | I find it interesting. The reason it can be viewed
             | negatively is that the production cost is zero for
             | software. Nobody minds paying a reasonable price for an
             | item that takes effort to make. But we know software can
             | copied for free - barring deliberate schemes to prevent
             | that.
             | 
             | Even many businesses consider product design a "cost
             | center" and production/manufacturing a "profit center". I
             | prefer to think of engineering as an investment in the
             | future.
             | 
             | So "open source" as a business sounds to these people like
             | the investment has already been done for free, and
             | production is free, so we should be able to make massive
             | profit! But they're not providing any value unless they add
             | something significant.
        
           | cortesoft wrote:
           | > And that's cool but to a very great degree these often boil
           | down to an exchange of time for money
           | 
           | Isn't that what all business interactions end up being in the
           | end? Yes, it is a treadmill, but life itself is a treadmill.
           | You need to keep feeding and sheltering yourself even though
           | you JUST ate yesterday.
           | 
           | I don't think planning to support yourself indefinitely for a
           | short period of work is a healthy expectation. Do you really
           | think you can provide enough value to the world in a few
           | years to provide for yourself for your entire life?
           | 
           | Having to work consistently is the norm, not a treadmill.
        
             | zokier wrote:
             | > Isn't that what all business interactions end up being in
             | the end?
             | 
             | Only if you ignore capital. Many business interactions
             | revolve around having access to or utilizing capital in
             | some way. Renting and financing maybe the most obvious
             | examples, but plenty of others too.
             | 
             | The key question is that can/should software be considered
             | such capital asset? It being intellectual (or "imaginary"
             | as some pundits put it), and not tangible, property.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Certainly one obvious example is that, given sufficient
               | capital, I can give it to a wealth management person at a
               | brokerage, give them some guidelines, and pretty much sit
               | back.
               | 
               | You can also become a silent partner in some business
               | where you collect a skim of the profits while someone(s)
               | else do the work to make sure the business continues to
               | produce profits.
               | 
               | I was answering the vein of someone who wants to put in a
               | largely one-shot investment of time and continue to
               | collect money over a subsequent period.
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | Capital is insanely cheap right now, and trying to get a
               | good return on your investment is not easy.
               | 
               | Yes, you could be a silent partner in a business.... but
               | you likely won't get great returns, and you risk losing
               | it all of the company goes under.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | The key is "sufficient capital" obviously. And, of
               | course, it's all about diversification and rate of
               | return. As you correctly note, being a silent partner in
               | a business is riskier than a lot of the alternatives and,
               | if it isn't a commensurately higher expected return,
               | probably not a good idea.
               | 
               | However, given sufficient capital (what's sufficient
               | depends on what sort of income stream you're looking
               | for), largely passive investments in various forms can
               | produce that. After all, that's what many people are
               | looking for when they retire.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Yeah, any product/service, probably has at least some level
             | of ongoing bug fixes, security patches, updates, etc. There
             | are periodically threads on here about creating businesses
             | that mostly just throw off revenue. And there are
             | invariably people who created a nice income stream for a
             | modicum of ongoing effort. But there are very few paths to
             | spending time over a year or so to get to a significant
             | income stream that's little more work than depositing
             | customer payments.
        
             | jkepler wrote:
             | > Having to work consistently is the norm, not a treadmill.
             | 
             | Agreed. Work is what creates value for others. However,
             | trading one's work for money that's designed to loose value
             | over time via the inflation tax central banks impose on us
             | all is why so many hard working people feel they're on a
             | treadmill that they can't get off. If our money functioned
             | correctly as a tool to store value over time, people could
             | work, save, and with frugal living could actually get ahead
             | _if_ their work consistently created value for their
             | clients or customers. There are systemic monetary reasons
             | why work often resembles a treadmill.
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | Inflation has been so tiny for decades. And in fact, most
               | Americans are in debt, so inflation HELPS them.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | Only 20% of people in the USA have more than 10K in the
               | bank. Savings losing money over time isn't relevant to
               | most people, they are spending what they earn before it
               | matters.
               | 
               | (and, btw, my point is not that people in the USA are
               | spendthrifts. It's that most only make enough to support
               | themselves).
        
         | varispeed wrote:
         | The big problem is that there is no distinction between an
         | individual user, SME or a big corporation. The create grounds
         | for exploitation of software developers, social divide and
         | other unintended consequences. The promotion of open source by
         | big corporations is cheaper in the long run that spending money
         | on R&D, salaries, taxes as there is always going to be a good
         | enough project for such corporation to appropriate and make
         | money off of, without having to pay anything to contributors.
        
       | hdkekbro wrote:
       | Who are these imaginary foes who are presenting their business
       | model to investors with simply the words "Open Source" on a
       | single slide?
        
         | taylorwc wrote:
         | Early stage investor here. You'd be shocked. It's extremely en
         | vogue to start a company and have your value prop be "open
         | source alternative to X," without any regard for whether there
         | is actually any logic to something being open source.
        
           | adenta wrote:
           | I was thinking about this recently. Everyone wants to
           | replicate the success of Mattermost.
           | 
           | I think the reason Mattermost works is because the customer
           | is an IT department. When you get outside IT, the value prop
           | completely vanishes. Regular people buying software don't
           | know what open source is.
        
             | bdcravens wrote:
             | For every Mattermost, there's multiple RethinkDBs.
        
           | searchableguy wrote:
           | Most absurd open source alternative you have been pitched?
        
             | taylorwc wrote:
             | I'd feel a little bad calling any out bc it's usually not
             | too hard to figure it out if I gave that info even without
             | a name :)
        
               | bdcravens wrote:
               | I'll read between the lines and assume that means you've
               | heard some pretty absurd ones.
        
               | taylorwc wrote:
               | Haha I mean nothing that was obviously ridiculous, like
               | "Applebee's, but open source" or something. It was more
               | just really hand-wavy logic around why their product
               | needed something open source, with no really compelling
               | answer.
        
               | mcbits wrote:
               | I think "because everything should be open source" is a
               | fine answer to why something should be open source, even
               | if it doesn't answer the different and more important
               | question about how the company will make money.
        
           | smashah wrote:
           | As an early stage investor do you outright reject "open
           | source" projects or would you consider one that's already
           | making some money? I've never considered putting it this way
           | but I guess you could say the project I maintain is an `"open
           | source" alternative to a specific Twillio product` and MRR is
           | showing steady/strong growth. But being a solo maintainer is
           | seeming to be a strike against me (ahem yc).
           | 
           | What are early stage investors' criteria for open source, in
           | your opinion?
        
             | taylorwc wrote:
             | > Do you outright reject "open source" projects ... ?
             | 
             | No! I'm bullish on open source, I just think the current
             | climate is weird. I have a small vc fund, currently 8
             | portfolio companies and almost half have at least some open
             | source element to their product offering. I'd definitely
             | look at something you're describing, and the fact that
             | you're seeing steady MRR growth is a huge accomplishment,
             | regardless of whether you ever choose to take vc money.
             | 
             | Happy to have a discussion on the topic if helpful, don't
             | feel the need to be in sales mode. You can hit me up if
             | interested: taylor at abstraction.vc
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | blueyes wrote:
       | Open source is to software makers what Groupon is to restaurants:
       | a way to get people in the door, but many of those people are
       | not, and will never become, the customers you seek. Every open
       | source business sells something else, often a solution to its own
       | complexity, such as managed instances.
        
         | offtop5 wrote:
         | You hit the nail on the head, I think ghost blog is relatively
         | easy to set up, but for $9 a month and you'll handle my hosting
         | and my ssl certs, and most people with a bit of disposable
         | income are fine with paying that. I just spent $80 on a nice
         | meal and a couple of drinks, if my blog is anything like an
         | income source I'll have no problem with spending $100 a month
         | for someone to manage it for me.
         | 
         | I would still advise students, and other new developers to go
         | through the motions of hosting things themselves via AWS or
         | whatever. If you can get a Ubuntu instance on ec2 to run a
         | public facing website you probably can walk into a tech company
         | and get an entry level job. It's not necessarily hard to learn
         | how to do these things, it's just tedious. Avoiding the tedious
         | drama is how open source companies make money
        
       | bombcar wrote:
       | Open Source isn't a business model but it CAN be a support model
       | - for the right market the number of companies who will be
       | willing to fund features/fixes that the company can't be bothered
       | to get noticeable.
       | 
       | It can also be shown as a "backup" - if we fail you have the
       | source and can continue to maintain it.
        
         | cortesoft wrote:
         | I have worked at a few companies that had contracts written
         | such that if we went out of business (or stopped supporting the
         | product) they would get access to the source code. We would
         | regularly upload our source to Iron Mountain for escrow as part
         | of our contract.
        
           | m-ee wrote:
           | I've seen this done with hardware as well when a company I
           | worked for purchased a very specialized IC
        
             | ant6n wrote:
             | What does the ,,source code" for hardware look like? Does
             | it also involve patent licenses?
        
         | kevincox wrote:
         | "backup" is one of the main reasons I prefer open source. Even
         | if it is funded by one company now (and I pay them) there is
         | some sort of continuum plan if they go bust. I am not
         | immediately screwed and I can consider options such as self-
         | maintenance, forks or a migration. This also applies if they
         | change the terms or price.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | The amount of monkey-patching I've done to production systems
           | where I don't even have the code (Java is great for this) is
           | immense.
        
             | laurent92 wrote:
             | I personally believe Java wouldn't have been successful 5
             | years earlier, during the time when everyone was encrypting
             | their code. It was an inacceptable trade-off before
             | Internet. After internet, most software is partly online
             | anyway.
        
           | laurent92 wrote:
           | Maintenance is a really good point, but we haven't found a
           | way to monetize it.
           | 
           | If I gave my software as OSS to paid customers, I'd
           | immediately lose most of my other sales and give my little
           | implementation secrets to my competitors.
           | 
           | I'd like to be able to say "And for +15%, get the source and
           | ability to compile and fix forever". And not lose my business
           | in the process.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | You don't have to use a true open source license- simply a
             | "shared source" or something with a clause making it BSD
             | when the business ceases operations or similar.
        
               | laurent92 wrote:
               | But then, my customer has an interest in making me go out
               | of business.
        
       | kemitchell wrote:
       | Straw Man
       | 
       | I've seen "not a business model" quipped a hundred times, as if
       | that ends whatever debate is going on. I've yet to see anyone
       | actually argue that open source actually _is_ a business model,
       | as opposed to having their argument bent that way. The author
       | doesn 't link to any examples. Who are they browbeating?
       | 
       | I don't see MongoDB arguing that the meaning of open source
       | should address financial incentives for developers, either. I see
       | them arguing that open source copyleft can be strong enough to
       | demand openness from their competitors, as GPL would have in the
       | packaged-software era. Mongo have a financial concern, but
       | exactly to the author's point about means versus ends, they're
       | not trying to write their business into any definition. They're
       | reading the definition to cover a license that works for their
       | business.
       | 
       | If open source didn't concern itself with business, it wouldn't
       | exist. The whole pitch was to business. Cathedral and the Bazaar
       | was a marketing manual for selling manager-types. O'Reilly
       | bankrolled events and meetings. Early on in OSI history, they
       | readily approved several stronger copyleft licenses for specific
       | businesses. MPL. Sleepycat. QPL. IPL. RPL. Arguably AGPL. That's
       | the history.
       | 
       | JMW does say there hasn't been a successful open core product,
       | but he defines success as "ubiquity in the modern data center".
       | In business, there's plenty of success between irrelevance and
       | market domination. Ferraris and fast chargers aren't ubiquitous
       | in modern garages.
       | 
       | What I see here is that open source _is_ a business model to some
       | interested parties. That model is add-on services---integration,
       | customization, support, hosting---and no other. Never mind that
       | dual licensing, open core, delayed release, and others existed
       | well before RedHat and WordPress and IBM successes made
       | headlines. Never mind that these models had their business
       | standard bearers, too. Never mind that they sometimes offered
       | support documentation or configurations for hosting that add-on
       | _service_ companies didn 't.
       | 
       | The difference now is that the anti-commercial, permissive-
       | focused, "open source means I never hear 'no'" faction view
       | happens to correspond to the interests of the titans of industry,
       | who are all cloud services companies. These companies want to
       | commoditize their complements---"open source" means we can reap
       | what you sow and sell it to our customers---but not the
       | proprietary code they use to differentiate their clouds. They
       | patronize the big open source foundations.
       | 
       | We shouldn't be asking what open source _is_ or _means_ , as if
       | it's an end in itself. We should be asking what it's _for_. And
       | accepting there was never any conflict-free consensus there. We
       | brushed all that under a rug in the late 1990s and early 2000s,
       | because there was fame and money and a sense of purpose to be had
       | selling  "open source" as a brand and a "revolution". Now that
       | work is done, the victorious allies are squabbling again. So it
       | goes.
        
         | hodgesrm wrote:
         | > These companies want to commoditize their complements---"open
         | source" means we can reap what you sow and sell it to our
         | customers---but not the proprietary code they use to
         | differentiate their clouds.
         | 
         | I've worked with numerous SaaS businesses who run open source
         | for as much external software as possible because it has better
         | economics at scale. They want tight control of software
         | configurations, ability to diagnose problems themselves, quick
         | application of security patches, etc. It's not cheap; you have
         | to hire highly qualified engineers to make it work.
         | 
         | The approach makes more sense as the business gets bigger, in
         | the same way that it makes sense at some point to design your
         | own data centers, own hardware, etc. It's therefore not
         | surprising to see large businesses go all-in on open source.
        
       | walrus01 wrote:
       | I pretty much stopped taking this seriously after they compared
       | restaurants to software development. Restaurants have very
       | different operating cost structures.
        
         | II2II wrote:
         | The article's point is the product is not the business model,
         | and the author did not try to stretch the point by comparing
         | open source software business models to culinary business
         | models. I suspect the example was selected since many people
         | aspire to open their own restaurant even though they know (or
         | ought to know) the failure rate is atrociously high.
        
           | redis_mlc wrote:
           | COVID-19 enters the chat.
        
       | bdcravens wrote:
       | Baseball is not a business model either.
        
       | jarrell_mark wrote:
       | Open source tends to be used as a user acquisition strategy for
       | companies in the growth stage not worrying about monetization.
       | 
       | Once they get to the stage of trying to monetize their newfound
       | userbase, they rethink the value of releasing their product as
       | open source.
        
       | f430 wrote:
       | Open source is as sustainable as a closed business model in some
       | sectors as long as you are willing to be creative.
       | 
       | I've invested/funded/donated to several OS projects. I don't
       | really expect to make money in most. I do it for the same reason
       | I give large tips time to time.
       | 
       |  _Somebody has to do it because the value they are providing is
       | IMMENSE_.
       | 
       | I ask nothing in return. I give without really thinking about
       | maximizing profit. The way I see it is that when you give to good
       | cause the universe will reward you in ways you don't expect.
       | 
       | I encourage others who are successful to give to OS projects
       | especially folks who work on projects full time with little to no
       | way of supporting themselves because they can't memorize graph
       | algorithms or do whiteboard interviews or neurally diverse.
       | 
       | As much as I have gripes with Github as a corporate entity, it's
       | platform does serve a useful purpose in that it facilitates the
       | movement of capital to OS projects.
        
         | ivanche wrote:
         | I applaud you sir! I started doing something similar one year
         | ago - at the beginning of each month I donate a few $ to one of
         | free/open source projects I use (and every month it's another
         | project that receives donation). I know that one donation won't
         | change author's life, but if enough people do it regularly...
        
       | rapnie wrote:
       | The mentioned Redhat article Part 2 is a 404. Here's the archived
       | version:
       | 
       | "How to Make Money from Open Source Platforms, Part 2: Open Core
       | vs. Hybrid Business Models"
       | 
       | https://archive.is/Yhr8l
        
       | Railsify wrote:
       | It's often used as a marketing model.
        
       | zouhair wrote:
       | Baking bread is not a business model, a bakery on the other hand.
        
         | pvorb wrote:
         | A bakery is a business. Selling the bread to consumers in a
         | shop is the business model.
        
       | throwawaymanbot wrote:
       | Always with the Open-source is not a business model garbage.
       | 
       | Its time to realize that the English Language is not a business
       | model either. But from it a lot of economic activity is spawned
       | by it, and created through it. The same with open-source.
        
       | sunstone wrote:
       | Oh yes it is. But like most products it has its market segment.
       | And that segment is a group that requires a certain function that
       | is not a competitive advantage for any in the group and wants to
       | get that function for the lowest possible cost.
       | 
       | Ok, so much for abstractions. A stark example is that on
       | Microsoft's Azure the majority of VM's are running Linux. A lot
       | of companies want cloud based VM's and they don't want to pay for
       | Microsoft's OS to run them when they can use Linux for free, so
       | they don't.
       | 
       | Another example is OpenStreetMap. Many companies (including
       | Apple) spend millions a year upgrading openstreetmaps. A lot of
       | companies need a mapping function but it's silly for each one to
       | carry the burden of creating their own map when they can all
       | pitch in and use the final result.
       | 
       | This is the market segment where Open Source makes sense.
        
         | rrdharan wrote:
         | These are use cases and examples where open source makes sense,
         | not a business (i.e. sustainable profit) model.
        
       | slap_shot wrote:
       | SaaS is out sourced IT. Plenty of SaaS could open source their
       | entire code base and it would have little effect on sales; people
       | would gladly still pay for it to be hosted.
       | 
       | In some categories, having the code open source helps gain
       | adoption early in the process.
       | 
       | So yes, open source is not a business model, but plenty of open
       | source software is monetized these days.
        
         | xupybd wrote:
         | Very true, also it's a way of sucking people in. I run a few
         | servers at work, hosting non critical services, such as
         | password management, wiki and other things that aren't used by
         | many in the org. The day those get used by more than a few
         | people we will go paid SAAS as I don't have the time or mandate
         | to provide 24/7 support.
        
         | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
         | > SaaS is out sourced IT. Plenty of SaaS could open source
         | their entire code base and it would have little effect on
         | sales; people would gladly still pay for it to be hosted.
         | 
         | The problem is that with open source, anybody can be the SaaS
         | provider and make the money from the open source software. In
         | fact, companies will be more willing to go with either the
         | bigger names or providers they have existing contracts with,
         | than a small open source company.
         | 
         | SaaS inherently favors the larger corporations.
        
         | musicale wrote:
         | > SaaS
         | 
         | > plenty of open source software is monetized these days
         | 
         | One of the most successful models has been to take open source
         | software that someone else wrote, add your own proprietary
         | extensions and enhancements, and sell it as a service.
         | 
         | Some of the most appealing aspects of open source for
         | businesses are potentially reduced labor costs (because much of
         | the software development work will be either done for free or
         | paid for by others) and faster time to market (because much or
         | most of the engineering work has already been done.)
        
       | abetusk wrote:
       | I would encourage people to read the article. VM Brasseur has a
       | click-baity title, which is fine, but the point they are making
       | is actually a bit more subtle. I'll quote from the article:
       | 
       | > There is a great number of potential business models, but "open
       | source" is not one of them. It is, instead, one of the many tools
       | that can be employed in order to make a selected business model
       | work as expected.
       | 
       | > Therefore open source ... does not ... concern itself with
       | business any more than food concerns itself with business. If
       | there is a business that has a business model that is not living
       | up to expectations, and if that business model uses open source
       | as one if its tools, it's illogical to blame open source for the
       | failure.
       | 
       | The gist of the article isn't "open source and business are
       | incompatible", rather, it's saying "don't blame open source for a
       | failure of your business".
       | 
       | VM Brasseur focuses on open core specifically, a subset of an
       | "open source business strategy", talking about what kind of
       | expectations one should have engaging in that strategy, pointing
       | to John Mark Walker's post on "How to Make Money from Open Source
       | Platforms" [0].
       | 
       | As an aside, I would like to point out that there _are_ successes
       | in some businesses pursuing an  "open source" strategy, for a
       | broader form of open source, either using open source as a key
       | feature or because the technology was open sourced, abandoned and
       | picked up by someone else. Arduino [1] comes to mind, where they
       | used the open sourced Arduino platform, the IDE, the libraries
       | and the open source hardware schematic and boards, that was
       | essentially abandoned by the original creators and picked up by
       | Massimo Banzi and David Mellis. There were other factors to
       | Arduino's success, such as focusing on artists and educators,
       | there being a need for a cheap, accessible
       | electronics/microcontroller platform, selling physical devices
       | and various other economic factors that went into making the
       | business viable, etc., so maybe I'm being overly pedantic and not
       | really contradicting VM Brasseur's claim.
       | 
       | In case people don't know, VM Brasseur is a big proponent of open
       | source and has written a book called "Forge Your Future With Open
       | Source" [2] and is in the process of writing a new book about
       | "FOSS strategy in business" [3].
       | 
       | [0] https://www.linux.com/news/how-make-money-open-source-
       | platfo...
       | 
       | [1] https://arduinohistory.github.io/
       | 
       | [2] https://pragprog.com/titles/vbopens/forge-your-future-
       | with-o...
       | 
       | [3] https://anonymoushash.vmbrasseur.com/2021/03/19/coming-
       | soon-...
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | Stephen Walli and Jeff Borek have periodically done a faux
         | debate at conferences on this topic. (Spoiler alert: They don't
         | actually disagree.)
         | 
         | I actually like the "Open source is not a business model"
         | framing because, while open source clearly influences what you
         | can do with respect to business models and execution, it's a
         | reminder that open source is not a singular business model.
         | Furthermore, a company's business model/plan will involve a
         | variety of things that may not have much to do with open source
         | directly.
        
       | matsemann wrote:
       | It's really common for Launc HNs, though. This search shows many
       | just the last two months:
       | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...
       | (with some false positives) Amusingly, two variants of "open
       | source Datadog" the same week.
       | 
       | Are these kind of OS copies successful in YC context? They are
       | apparently getting accepted.
        
       | eye8one2 wrote:
       | Whats up with all the opensource hate on here lately? Has Bill
       | Gates secretly bought this site or something? (User was shadow
       | banned for this post)
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | in what way is this "opensource hate"?
        
           | bdcravens wrote:
           | It's not. It's a useful discussion about the pragmatic
           | limitation of open source.
        
         | nadspoly wrote:
         | Maybe the pandemic made people realise affording food and stuff
         | for your work is nice but open source doesn't come near that
         | except a lucky few.
        
           | detaro wrote:
           | Same question to you: how is this "opensource hate"?
        
       | adamlangsner wrote:
       | It is not a business model. But it is a good communication and
       | branding strategy
        
       | seoaeu wrote:
       | What this article misses is the presence of bad faith actors who
       | make billions from open source but studiously work to prevent
       | even a small amount of that flowing back to the companies that
       | wrote the software. Kind of like the difference between a
       | restaurant failing because they can't get enough customers vs.
       | failing because people keep robbing them.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-03-27 23:00 UTC)