[HN Gopher] The F-35 may be unsalvageable
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The F-35 may be unsalvageable
        
       Author : SQL2219
       Score  : 103 points
       Date   : 2021-03-26 14:27 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (thehill.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (thehill.com)
        
       | KptMarchewa wrote:
       | Just tangentially related, but I find it very weird that people
       | push one-system-that-replaces-all (or, in this case, planes) as
       | cost cutting measure, compared to few specialized systems. Which
       | do not have to take tons of compatibility stuff. In this case,
       | probably some problems of Air Force's F-35's are related to the
       | constrant that the requirement of being able to land on carriers
       | pushes.
       | 
       | At the end, results are at best mediocre, costs exceeded, and
       | everyone is unhappy.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | The VTOL capability of the F-35B is nice in theory but the vast
         | majority of navy aircraft are going to be launched off of
         | carriers anyway. VTOL needs its own ship+aircraft concept or it
         | is dead on arrival.
        
           | NikolaeVarius wrote:
           | The F35 CAN VTOL, it is not meant to be used that way since
           | it extremely limits fuel and armaments.
           | 
           | The carrier variant is meant to be STOL, since its a JOINT
           | Strike Fighter meant for multi-country use, and many
           | countries do not have large carriers with catapults. Namely
           | Great Britain, whose largest carriers are not equipped with
           | catapults, since they are designed to use STOL planes.
        
           | jabl wrote:
           | Considering the total program cost, one wonders if a VTOL
           | F-35 plus slightly smaller carriers really is cheaper than
           | skipping that model entirely and using the R&D money to build
           | slightly bigger carriers with catapult launchers and arrestor
           | wire gear?
        
             | rjsw wrote:
             | The UK has done the costings and VTOL is cheaper.
             | 
             | You need a much more expensive training pipeline to get
             | pilots who can do arrestor wire landings and they need to
             | keep practicing it, doing this also results in more
             | accidents which result in the loss of the aircraft.
             | 
             | The VTOL system also allows a country to more easily switch
             | pilots from being based on land to using the carrier.
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | > The UK has done the costings and VTOL is cheaper.
               | 
               | Sure, but that decision was made before the full
               | trainwreckage of the F-35 was clear. In hindsight, with
               | what we now know of the cost of the program, perhaps the
               | decision would have swung the other way.
        
               | rjsw wrote:
               | I don't think the F-35B is seen as a trainwreck by the
               | UK.
        
             | openasocket wrote:
             | While this seems like a good idea in theory, in practice
             | there are some serious hurdles.
             | 
             | - Adding catapult launchers and arrestor wires adds a lot
             | to the requirements. It's not just a matter of making the
             | ship bigger, you need to provide the power for those
             | catapults. Here's a RAND study that looks at alternative
             | carrier designs that has some information on the costs:
             | https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2006.html
             | 
             | - Even if you decide to build these bigger carriers and
             | phase out the LHDs, that takes time. It would take decades,
             | during which you have no fixed wing aircraft you can launch
             | from your LHDs, unless you want to try and revive the
             | Harrier jet program as a stopgap.
             | 
             | - Keep in mind the F-35B (the STOVL variant) is meant to
             | replace the Harrier, so it makes sense to compare the F-35B
             | to the Harrier instead of the F-18 or F-16. The Harrier
             | also had poor availability rates and reliability issues.
             | While the F-35B is worse, it is continuing to improve. And
             | it has both stealth and is capable of supersonic flight,
             | which the Harrier was not. In fact, the F-35B is the first
             | production STOVL aircraft capable of supersonic flight.
             | 
             | - An STOVL aircraft can be used from more than just LHDs.
             | They can be launched from short, improvised airfields on
             | the ground. The marines could potentially operate them from
             | parking lots or just open fields. That's actually a part of
             | some new doctrine the marines are working on, where they
             | maintain a series of rotating, distributed air fields
             | closer to the enemy rather than concentrating their forces
             | on a ship which is easier to detect and potentially more
             | vulnerable. Here's some more information: https://www.mccdc
             | .marines.mil/Portals/172/Docs/MCCDC/young/M...
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | > - Adding catapult launchers and arrestor wires adds a
               | lot to the requirements. It's not just a matter of making
               | the ship bigger, you need to provide the power for those
               | catapults. Here's a RAND study that looks at alternative
               | carrier designs that has some information on the costs:
               | https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2006.html
               | 
               | Thanks. So from that report we see the estimated savings
               | from dropping one EMALS (the fancy new electric
               | catapults) is $160M, presumably including the extra power
               | to run it. So for a smaller carrier with, say, two
               | catapults, the difference between a STOVL option and a
               | catapult one would be, say, roughly $.5B (allowing some
               | extra for the arrestor wires etc.). Now, based on a quick
               | web search, the price difference between the F-35B and
               | F-35C is around $10M. So if you have an air wing of 35
               | planes (wikipedia lists 36 F-35B for the new British
               | carriers, and 30-40 Rafale's for the current French
               | carrier, so 35 is probably a good ballpark figure for a
               | smaller carrier), that's already a $350M difference,
               | almost making up for the extra cost in the carrier
               | itself. Now factor in the avoidance of the R&D cost for
               | the STOVL variant, that the F-35C is a significantly more
               | capable plane, and finally that over the life of the
               | carrier you're likely to see several generations of
               | planes used. This reinforces my preconceived notion that
               | the F-35B development program made no sense.
               | 
               | > - Even if you decide to build these bigger carriers and
               | phase out the LHDs, that takes time. It would take
               | decades, during which you have no fixed wing aircraft you
               | can launch from your LHDs, unless you want to try and
               | revive the Harrier jet program as a stopgap.
               | 
               | The USMC apparently has some historical reasons why they
               | really want to operate their own fighters, but it does
               | seem horribly expensive compared to the alternative of
               | relying on the navy for support in that area.
               | 
               | > - Keep in mind the F-35B (the STOVL variant) is meant
               | to replace the Harrier, so it makes sense to compare the
               | F-35B to the Harrier instead of the F-18 or F-16.
               | 
               | Why? The enemy isn't going to give you any handicap
               | points for operating a STOVL aircraft instead of a more
               | capable 'traditional' one.
               | 
               | > - An STOVL aircraft can be used from more than just
               | LHDs. They can be launched from short, improvised
               | airfields on the ground.
               | 
               | Sure, that's an advantage. Is it enough to offset the
               | disadvantages of a STOVL aircraft? I'm not convinced.
               | Many traditional aircraft can also operate from
               | improvised airfields, for instance made from a straight
               | stretch of road.
        
             | aphextron wrote:
             | We have plenty of supercarriers, and are building plenty
             | more. That misses the point. The Marine amphibious assault
             | ships serve an entirely different mission. Their size is a
             | feature, not a limitation.
        
           | mcv wrote:
           | VTOL is certainly nice, but it's ridiculous to use it as a
           | requirement of a variant of a plane of which most versions
           | will not be using VTOL at all. Like stealth, it has a massive
           | impact on the shape of the plane. It's ridiculous to burden
           | non-VTOL planes with a design meant for VTOL. Just make a
           | specialised VTOL fighter if that's what you need.
        
             | wespiser_2018 wrote:
             | This. You can see in the design of the f-35 the massive
             | space in the middle of the body for the lift fan that
             | partially obstructs the pilots view behind them.
        
           | u10 wrote:
           | The VTOL capability are for Marine squadrons operating off of
           | LHD ships (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Essex_(LHD-2)),
           | or for partner nations who don't have aircraft carriers
           | CATOBAR launch systems.
        
         | openasocket wrote:
         | I see this argument being raised a lot, but there's not a ton
         | of evidence suggesting the problems with the F-35 is that it
         | has to have these three different variants. The lion's share of
         | the issues with the F-35 have to do with the acquisition
         | strategy and the avionics. The acquisition strategy of
         | procuring the planes before they were fully operational, like
         | CI/CD but with fighter jets instead of aircraft, has made
         | everything much more expensive and has really hurt availability
         | because you have a dozen slightly different builds of the same
         | plane, and across three variants. Any time an issue is fixed
         | they have to roll it out to all of the different builds, which
         | adds to costs. The second major issue is the advanced avionics
         | and the software for associated systems, like the MDL and ALIS.
         | In short, it's a software problem. Neither or these are really
         | related to having three different variants.
         | 
         | It's not really fair to compare this to the F-111 debacle,
         | because there we genuinely saw incompatible intended uses for
         | the same plane. The Air Force wanted a tactical bomber, while
         | the Navy wanted an interceptor, these are very different
         | designs. But for the F-35 everyone wants the same thing: a
         | multirole fighter.
        
       | blackrock wrote:
       | I've heard it said that stealth is a lie.
       | 
       | That radar technology from World War 2 era is able to detect
       | stealth aircraft. The Russians just built up more of that kind of
       | radar band to detect current stealth planes.
       | 
       | This is how the F-117 got shot down in Yugoslavia. It was
       | supposed to have the radar cross section of a small bird.
       | 
       | Can anyone provide insight to this?
        
         | jabl wrote:
         | > I've heard it said that stealth is a lie.
         | 
         | The pop culture version of stealth providing perfect
         | invisibility was always a lie.
         | 
         | But it does provide decreased detection range. If your radar
         | detects a traditional plane at 300 nm but a stealth plane at 30
         | nm, you're effectively blind as a bat.
         | 
         | > That radar technology from World War 2 era is able to detect
         | stealth aircraft. The Russians just built up more of that kind
         | of radar band to detect current stealth planes.
         | 
         | > This is how the F-117 got shot down in Yugoslavia. It was
         | supposed to have the radar cross section of a small bird.
         | 
         | Stealth technology apparently isn't that good for old school
         | low frequency radars, so yes, there's a grain of truth there.
         | But such radars provide poor resolution (which is why modern
         | radars tend to use higher frequencies) so they are not that
         | useful for targeting. That F-117 case was AFAIU a combination
         | of poor operational planning (flying the same routes over and
         | over again), as well as a 'lucky' shot.
         | 
         | There's of course a lot of research into 'stealth-defeating'
         | technologies. IR guided missiles, multistatic radar etc.
        
         | redis_mlc wrote:
         | > This is how the F-117 got shot down in Yugoslavia. It was
         | supposed to have the radar cross section of a small bird.
         | 
         | The US got complacent and was flying the same route at the same
         | time daily. I think in this case the pilot also did a maneuver
         | and the angle reflected radar. So it was incompetence.
        
       | 29athrowaway wrote:
       | How many times have you heard the cliche phrase: the US spends
       | more money in its armed forces than the top K other countries
       | combined?
       | 
       | Well, spending and results not always go hand in hand. And in the
       | case of aerospace contractors, they can be rewarded for being
       | inefficient at the expense of the taxpayer.
        
       | nickik wrote:
       | Another service update, nuclear weapons exist. Any situation that
       | involves high tech piloted planes fighting each other in the sky
       | is almost impossible to happen.
       | 
       | Dropping insane amounts of resources into piloted figher plane is
       | bordering on insanity.
       | 
       | The same money could have literally created a Mars, doing far
       | more for US politically and done wonders for its global
       | credibility. Or you know, become global leader in electric
       | mobility or many other things that would have been useful to both
       | the US government and its people.
       | 
       | Bombing the shit out of pure Arab, Africans and peoples from
       | central Asia without a government can be done with planes from
       | the 90s just fine.
        
         | bendbro wrote:
         | > Another service update, nuclear weapons exist. Any situation
         | that involves high tech piloted planes fighting each other in
         | the sky is almost impossible to happen.
         | 
         | This is falsified by the Vietnam war. We had apex US fighters
         | fighting apex soviet fighters in a period where nuclear weapons
         | existed.
         | 
         | And I'm sure you are aware of this common trope, but it is
         | claimed (and I think supported) that countries will not use
         | nuclear weapons against another nuclear power due to the risk
         | of nuclear war. And further, I think apex air and land vehicles
         | would be required whether nukes are used or not. After the nuke
         | has been deployed, land forces would need to be deployed to
         | take the area cleared by the nuke, and air forces would be
         | required to support those land forces.
        
       | Rochus wrote:
       | Does anyone have first hand information on how big of an impact
       | the decision to use C++ instead of Ada had on the "staggering
       | array of persistent issues"?
        
       | JohnTHaller wrote:
       | On a related note, an F-35 shot itself a couple weeks ago on a
       | training run in Arizona causing over $2.5m in damage:
       | https://www.vice.com/en/article/qjp7nq/one-of-americas-dolla...
        
       | SQL2219 wrote:
       | It is one thing to build a complex piece of technology, it is
       | quite another to deploy it and expect it to work 24-7. $1.7
       | Billion was spent on this program.
        
         | FlyMoreRockets wrote:
         | It gets worse. From the article: "Total acquisition costs now
         | exceed $428 billion, nearly double the initial estimate of $233
         | billion, with projected lifetime operations and maintenance
         | costs of $1.727 trillion."
         | 
         | Much like the SLS, it seems that it is more a jobs program to
         | dump money into select congressional districts than a project
         | actually focused on deliverables.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Funding_hi...
        
           | woofie11 wrote:
           | I think it's helpful to focus on dollars per citizen. $428
           | billion means I spent a bit over $1000 on this failure. My
           | family spend a few thousand dollars. Adjusted for income (I
           | pay above-average taxes), it probably cost my family a
           | minimalist car.
           | 
           | The 1.7 billion price tag is around $5k per citizen. That
           | could mean a lot to a lot of families.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | You could even get more than $5k per citizen out of it if
             | you had put it into something that nets a return either
             | directly or indirectly. Infrastructure projects like
             | renewables, road upgrades, internet upgrades and so on. If
             | you need busy work there is a lot of useful work to be
             | done.
        
         | rbanffy wrote:
         | The major issue of the F-35 is trying to be too many things to
         | too many people at once. It has to fly fast, yet be able to be
         | slow enough to offer ground support. It has to be maneuverable
         | to dogfight, but have short wings to land on carriers. It has
         | to be light, but needs a complex nozzle and a fan to do
         | STOL/VTOL.
         | 
         | That's very hard to do.
        
           | bewo001 wrote:
           | The arguments for and against general purpose planes sound
           | eerily familiar for someone in the telco space. You either
           | have The Converged Fixed/Mobile Retail/Business platform that
           | is complex, inflexible, and expensive or several smaller
           | platforms where some parts have to be developed several
           | times.
           | 
           | The usual argument for the converged platform is drastically
           | reduced operating cost. The price is drastically reduced
           | flexibility, as each new feature has to be checked against
           | all existing requirements and dependencies.
        
           | typon wrote:
           | Sounds a classic example of design by committee
        
             | mbreese wrote:
             | And that was the take home message from the article:
             | 
             |  _> The design by committee, Swiss-army knife approach has
             | been a resounding failure._
        
           | GekkePrutser wrote:
           | Well to be fair it never aspired to do all of those things
           | within the same model. They did split it in three different
           | ones.
           | 
           | Also, maneuverability and short wings go together really
           | well. Slow flying and short wings doesn't though.
           | 
           | Still, it was clearly a mistake, three totally different
           | designs would have been cheaper and better.
        
             | yellow_postit wrote:
             | Shared platforms seem to work well in the automotive
             | industry, why does it seem to be such a failure in this
             | application?
             | 
             | My assumption is high performance constraints requires deep
             | customization and the shared platform hampers that.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | I think the VTOL in particular was too much of a stretch.
               | If you see the complicated drive bar setup with that big
               | fan, it really makes me wonder how this thing could
               | possibly get airborne :)
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | My understanding is that in the aerospace industry,
               | particularly at the cutting edge, margins are so low that
               | common platforms don't really work out.
               | 
               | In the car industry, say, a 10% penalty in, say, weight
               | might be worth it if it enables the manufacturer to share
               | the platform among many different products. In aerospace,
               | not so much.
        
               | selectodude wrote:
               | Some platforms just can't be shared. You're not going to
               | be able to turn a Lamborghini into a body-on-frame truck
               | without changing basically everything.
        
               | oetnxkdrlgcexu wrote:
               | Consumer automobile manufacturers can use shared
               | platforms because the biggest difference between their
               | vehicles is the body, which are metal boxes of different
               | volumes. This is sometimes seen in aircraft: look at how
               | many models of 777 Boeing produced.
               | 
               | Automobile manufacturers couldn't, for example, have a
               | shared platform between a vehicle designed for racing, an
               | armored limousine, and a golf cart, as these vehicles
               | have different performance requirements. That's a better
               | comparison to to what they're trying to achieve with the
               | F35. The needs of the branches of service are very
               | different.
        
               | bewo001 wrote:
               | I guess that in the automotive industry different models
               | are often only done to achieve price differentiation or
               | to serve local markets. The technical differences are
               | superficial.
        
         | Someone wrote:
         | _"$1.7 Billion was spent on this program."_
         | 
         | If only. FTA: _"Total acquisition costs now exceed $428
         | billion, nearly double the initial estimate of $233 billion,
         | with projected lifetime operations and maintenance costs of
         | $1.727 trillion."_
         | 
         | Also,
         | https://www.airforcemag.com/massive-34-billion-f-35-contract...
         | talks about a $34 billion contract for 478 aircraft. At that
         | price, $1.7 billion buys you about 24 of these planes.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | Holy. That's about 5x what's needed to eliminate world hunger
           | (330B $, per https://www.theguardian.com/global-
           | development/2020/oct/13/e...), which would probably have a
           | _lot_ more positive effect in achieving  / maintaining peace
           | and mass migration than that fleet of airplanes.
        
             | omgJustTest wrote:
             | but not for managing climate change.
        
           | omgJustTest wrote:
           | Does anyone sue the us govt for recouping taxes due to such
           | catastrophic results?
        
       | walrus01 wrote:
       | The F-35 isn't an airplane, it's a defense industry jobs program
       | to spread subcontracts widely around a sufficient number of
       | congressional districts and states that it can't be killed.
        
       | polytely wrote:
       | >There has also been significant investment in the program by
       | North Atlantic Treaty Organization members and other allies.
       | 
       | A lot of the time with these investments it seems like it is
       | mostly a signal of investment in the alliance with the US and
       | that getting the planes is a sort of side effect.
        
       | georgeecollins wrote:
       | One reform I would support would be mandating that all defense
       | projects are made in ten states or less. That way you could
       | spread the project around if you needed to, but it wouldn't have
       | enough support to continue only as a jobs program.
        
         | throwaway0a5e wrote:
         | They'll just stick the program in three metro areas that are
         | highly over-represented in congress.
         | 
         | Jerrymandering runs both ways. If you carve <city> up into ten
         | districts you've just created ten congressmen who give a crap
         | about bringing muh jobs to the <city> metro area.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | SQL2219 wrote:
       | Military expert Pierre Sprey, the founder and designer of the
       | F-16 & A-10 Warthog airplanes, Explains why the f-35 will not cut
       | it on the modern battlefield.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/UQB4W8C0rZI
        
         | u10 wrote:
         | Pierre Sprey is on the wrong side of history. If the fighter
         | mafia had their way the F-15 would have never existed. RADAR
         | and BVR would have never existed. the F-16 would never have had
         | a multirole purpose.
         | 
         | And the A-10 was obsolete the minute it rolled off of the
         | assembly line. Most estimates that the majority of A-10's would
         | have been destoryed within 72 hours of the Warsaw Pact rolling
         | across the German border. The gun is not particularly effective
         | against modern armour, and the same mission can be carried out
         | better by other aircraft like the F/A-18 or the F-16, as seen
         | in the 1st Gulf War. It's found new life in Afghanistan and
         | Iraq but even than drones would have been better suited for the
         | role. In fact, the AF wants to get rid of the A-10, but
         | congress wont let them.
        
           | greedo wrote:
           | The A-10 was designed to be a more modern Spad (A-1
           | Skyraider). The Spad was well appreciated in Vietnam in CAS
           | roles, but the Viet-Cong didn't have SAMs. The introduction
           | of SA-6, SA-8 etc made this design a failure in any European
           | conflict.
        
           | mullen wrote:
           | > Most estimates that the majority of A-10's would have been
           | destroyed within 72 hours of the Warsaw Pact rolling across
           | the German border.
           | 
           | But that is in the design of the A-10. The A-10 was not made
           | for anything other fighting in Europe for the first 72 hours
           | of the Soviets invading Western Europe. If the Russian
           | speartip was blunted and there was some A-10's left over,
           | then the A-10 would have been considered a success.
        
           | why_Mr_Anderson wrote:
           | Oh well, at least get the facts right.
           | 
           | A-10 was designed to kill T-55s, T62s and T-72s (most modern
           | tank USSR had at that time), not today's tanks.
           | 
           | GAU-8 was extremely effective against armor from that era and
           | still is very useful against armored vehicles, structures,
           | etc.
           | 
           | F16's can't do what A10 does the best (CAS).
           | 
           | In 1st Gulf War A10s are credited with something like 1000
           | tanks destroyed (mostly with Mavericks though)
           | 
           | AF is trying to get rid of A-10 for decades, but it still
           | survives ..
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | u10 wrote:
             | >A-10 was designed to kill T-55s, T62s and T-72s (most
             | modern tank USSR had at that time), not today's tanks.
             | >GAU-8 was extremely effective against armor from that era
             | and still is very useful against armored vehicles,
             | structures, etc.
             | 
             | The GAU-8 couldn't penetrate the frontal armour of the
             | T-62, let alone the turrent on the sides. With ERA armour
             | it becomes even more ineffective. Those tanks? AA, SAM, and
             | enemy CAP are covering them so good luck getting slow and
             | low enough to hit the tanks in the rear and 1. surviving,
             | 2. actually hitting the damn things.
             | 
             | >F16's can't do what A10 does the best (CAS).
             | 
             | This
             | 
             | >In 1st Gulf War A10s are credited with something like 1000
             | tanks destroyed (mostly with Mavericks though)
             | 
             | contradicts this.
             | 
             | an F-16 can carry mavricks just as well as the A-10, can
             | get their faster, and has higher survivabilty rate compared
             | to the slow as molasses A-10.
             | 
             | Hell, you could replace the A-10 with a single engine
             | turboprop with rough airfield landing capabilities and it
             | would be way more cost-effective than the A-10.
        
               | why_Mr_Anderson wrote:
               | GAU-8 might not be that great against modern armor, well,
               | it's from 70s, but it's still capable of M-kills even on
               | Abrams (happened during one of those unfortunate
               | friendly-fire incidents during 1st Iraq war). And
               | immobilised tank is a dead tank. Or at least useless for
               | the mission.
               | 
               | A10 was designed for one specific task - to slow down
               | Soviet tank armies rushing into Germany in case of
               | European non-nuclear conflict. And while it was guranteed
               | they would be accopmanied by mobile SAMs, it was tanks
               | themselves that were major concern. The goal was to slow
               | down the hordes by any means necessary and A-10 was the
               | ideal solution for that.
               | 
               | According to all documents I was able to find, including
               | several US military assessments, GAU-8 was more than
               | capable of achieving K-kills on T72s using top-down
               | attacks or low-angle side attacks.
               | 
               | CAS != tank killing, if your plane "gets there and out
               | faster", you are not doing CAS but some sort of flyby.
               | CAS usually requires visual confirmation of the targets,
               | that means you _have to_ fly low and slow, which F16 is
               | not really made for (bad maneuverability at low speeds).
               | You might also need to stay in the area for extended
               | period of time, which, again, isn 't F16s strong point
               | (it's a great plane though).
               | 
               | IIRC pretty much all Mavericks in 1GW were from A10s,
               | something like 95%.
               | 
               | I mentioned only 1k tank kills because I was lazy to type
               | the other stuff, like trucks, armored vehicles, SCUD
               | launchers, SAMs, all sorts of bunkers, command
               | infrastructure, radars, etc.
        
       | BitwiseFool wrote:
       | "In the year 2054, the entire defense budget will purchase just
       | one tactical aircraft. This aircraft will have to be shared by
       | the Air Force and Navy 31/2 days each per week except for leap
       | year, when it will be made available to the Marines for the extra
       | day" - Augustine's Law #16
        
         | keanebean86 wrote:
         | Original design goals:
         | 
         | * Faster than light outside atmosphere (s model used by space
         | force) * Take off from underground * Returns a vastly increased
         | radar signal to damage ground radar * Air superiority * Water
         | superiority * Negative emissions * Generates new car scent *
         | 600,000 lbs of ordinances * 3 pilots * Autonomous * Made in
         | Mississippi * Troop carrier * "None of those dumb green
         | screens"
         | 
         | Edit: single -> signal
        
         | ngcc_hk wrote:
         | That might be a worry. But the f35 is a good aircraft demo by
         | Israel that it can strike without detection. Not sure it can
         | beat the chinese as there area and drone might be an issue. But
         | without replacement one can talk talk talk but the flight go
         | on.
        
       | ConceitedCode wrote:
       | While there are certainly issues, the issues are more with the
       | procurement process than the actual aircraft.
       | 
       | Virtually every single aircraft program has been flogged by the
       | press for being too expensive and less capable than the aircraft
       | it replaced. This included the F-111, the C-5, the F-14, the
       | F-15, the B-1, the F-16, the A-10, the F-18, the C-17, the B-2,
       | the V-22, the F-22, and now the F-35. Overall the track record
       | for these aircraft turned out to be outstanding, far exceeding
       | the capabilities of their predecessors.
       | 
       | The actual track record for the F35 has been very positive. Most
       | the reports I've seen from pilots are generally very positive
       | [1].
       | 
       | Other countries continue to buy it over other platforms [2].
       | 
       | Most the major complaints are around costs compared to the
       | aircraft that are being replaced, but this isn't a fair
       | comparison.
       | 
       |  _As for the cost to fly the F-35, a unit measure the Air Force
       | terms "cost per flying hour," today the F-35 costs around $35,000
       | per flying hour. Comparative aircraft in this class are generally
       | in the mid $20,000s, a target the F-35 is slated to hit by 2025.
       | However, it must also be remembered, as the F-35 pilot's above
       | comment highlights, far fewer F-35s can accomplish far more with
       | fewer aircraft than legacy aircraft types. It does not require a
       | math major to understand this yields far lower real-world total
       | costs to achieve a particular mission result._ [3]
       | 
       | [1] https://www.businessinsider.com/italian-pilots-raved-
       | about-f...
       | 
       | [2]
       | https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2019/5/24/i...
       | 
       | [3]
       | https://www.forbes.com/sites/davedeptula/2020/07/20/f-35-pro...
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | My recollection is that the only aspect of the F-22 people
         | screamed about was the price.
        
           | selectodude wrote:
           | Which now looks like damn near a bargain compared to the
           | financial black hole that the F-35 has turned into.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | akvadrako wrote:
             | Um, what? F22 program cost about $334 million per aircraft
             | and is roughly $60k per hour of flight.
             | 
             | F-35 is a comparative bargain at $95 million and $35k/hour.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Um, what? F22 program cost about $334 million per
               | aircraft and is roughly $60k per hour of flight.
               | 
               | > F-35 is a comparative bargain at $95 million and
               | $35k/hour.
               | 
               | But that might not be a fair comparison. IIRC, the F-22
               | project was ended _far_ earlier than originally planned,
               | so development costs were amortized over far fewer
               | planes.
               | 
               | According to Wikipedia, there were only 187 non-test
               | F-22s built in total (out of an originally planned 750) (
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor
               | ), but there are already "620+" F-35s and production
               | continues (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_
               | F-35_Lightning...).
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | The big complaint now about the F-35 (and the goalposts
               | keep shifting) is the cost per flight hour. This should
               | get better as the Air Force trains more maintainers, and
               | LockMart actually starts to provide the level of
               | parts/supplies they are contractually obligated.
        
               | phonon wrote:
               | Apples to oranges. The last block of F22s had a flyaway
               | cost of $137 million.[1] At the F35A volume of 1000+ the
               | costs would not be majorly different.
               | 
               | [1] https://archive.is/aPCca
        
               | slowmovintarget wrote:
               | Wasn't the F-22 actually _good_ at something, though?
        
               | akvadrako wrote:
               | From what I get the F-22 is still the best air
               | superiority fighter.
        
         | GekkePrutser wrote:
         | Well the B-2 definitely was and still is too expensive with its
         | ultra-sensitive coatings :)
         | 
         | But a lot of the others you mention did complete on budget. The
         | extreme cost overruns are a relatively recent thing.
        
           | ConceitedCode wrote:
           | "Many of the F-16's past problems are mirror images of the
           | issues we see in the F-35. According to the article, the Air
           | Force expected the F-16's research and development costs rose
           | by some $7 billion to reach $13.8 billion by 1986.... The
           | fly-by-wire mechanism of the F-16, in which an
           | aerodynamically unstable but highly maneuverable aircraft was
           | tamed by computers to keep it flying, was an expensive
           | problem that was eventually solved. Like the F-35, the F-16
           | had problems with its engine and also had to be modified to
           | placate U.S. allies who wanted a fighter capable of air-to-
           | ground missions, a real multi-role fighter. " [1]
           | 
           | Almost all of them have similar stories from what I've seen.
           | To be fair, most of these were developed before I was born so
           | I certainly could be missing some context from that time
           | period.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/a21587/
           | 197...
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | You'd think they'd have learned from their mistakes and
             | included the air to ground missiles from the get go this
             | time
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | If you read the source article, that's not what it actually
             | says. What it says:
             | 
             | >Program costs--originally estimated at $4 billion for the
             | United States -- increased by $7.7 billion last year with
             | $6.3 billion of this resulting from the addition of 73
             | F-16B two-seater aircraft to the program. The Air Force
             | believes it can justify the addition of the other $1.4
             | billion.
             | 
             | So... it increased $7.7B with $6.3B of that being
             | additional planes ordered.
             | 
             | That's a FAR cry from the F-35 costs which increased...
             | because increase. Not because more orders were placed.
             | 
             | The F-35 program is at $1.8 TRILLION dollars, the F-16
             | would have needed to be $360 BILLION to be equivalent
             | waste. They're not even in the same universe.
        
               | ChrisLomont wrote:
               | >The F-35 program is at $1.8 TRILLION dollars
               | 
               | That is the projected costs for it's lifetime, i.e.,
               | through 2070, an astounding 50 years from now. It is not
               | at 1.8T in spending at the moment.
               | 
               | You're not comparing the same things.
        
               | tw04 wrote:
               | The total cost of the F-16 program which was started in
               | 1973 (an astounding 48 years ago) isn't anything
               | approaching $360 billion.
               | 
               | I am comparing the same thing.
        
               | ChrisLomont wrote:
               | No, you're not. You're not accounting for inflation.
               | You're not accounting for capability. You're not
               | accounting for length of service times number of planes.
               | You're not accounting for sales. You're not accounting
               | for a host of relevant factors.
               | 
               | You're simply taking two numbers, looing at the nominal
               | values, and doing a simply multiply, then concluding
               | these are equivalent waste. You ignored so many relevant
               | factors that it makes this simplistic "comparison"
               | irrelevant.
        
           | dublin wrote:
           | Stealth coatings have proven to not be able to survive the
           | real world on at least three major recent aircraft: B-2,
           | F-22, and F-117. Stealth is nice, but a plane you cannot fly
           | in the rain without destroying it's outrageously expensive
           | coating is not really very practical.
        
         | dingaling wrote:
         | The F-111 was a capable strike aircraft once they worked out
         | the intake issues, but failed as a Navy interceptor and was
         | inadequate as a strategic bomber
         | 
         | The C-5 suffered expensive wing cracking issues early in its
         | life and even after that was fixed it had the lowest
         | reliability of any Air Mobility asset
         | 
         | The F-18 was short on range and bring-back payload compared to
         | its predecessors and had to be redesigned mid-life into a
         | basically new aircraft
         | 
         | The B-1 was cancelled once and brought back as a less capable
         | but horrifically expensive-to-maintain aircraft that failed to
         | replace its predecessor
         | 
         | The F-14 was cursed with inadequate engines that hampered its
         | flexibility and it had crippling maintenance requirements
         | 
         | The C-17 is one of the most expensive methods of moving
         | payloads ever invented, since it is compromised by tactical
         | requirements that aren't relevant to its actual role
         | 
         | And those are just off the top of my head.
         | 
         | So much in invested into so few platforms these days that they
         | simply have to be made to work to a tolerable level. The fact
         | that they remain in service is more a reflection on need rather
         | than merit.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | wespiser_2018 wrote:
         | When it comes to sensor fusion, there isn't a fighter jet out
         | there that's better than the f-35! The issue is that the f-35
         | program failed to deliver a low-cost replacement for the f-16,
         | and the program used a couple of practices (concurrent
         | delivery/development, and shared components between airframes)
         | that have a sketchy history in defense contracting. IMO, it's a
         | great plane, but built in a time where near-peer pressure isn't
         | as strong as it is now, and some very contractor favorable
         | terms crept in.
        
           | ttfxxcc wrote:
           | The public is unaware of the capabilities that makes the F35
           | stand out. It is not a traditional fighter. Sensor fusion is
           | just one of the major components.
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | Wow, the F-14, F-15, F-16, and F-18 were all first flown in the
         | 70's. The F-35 was 2006. It's easy to see some of the
         | motivation for the F-35: there were a silly number of fighter
         | models built in that decade.
        
       | Pxtl wrote:
       | Here in Canada a major issue of the 2015 elections was whether to
       | buy in on the F-35 project.
       | 
       | The liberals wanted open procurement and specifically said they
       | wanted the to avoid the F-35.
       | 
       | The conservatives wanted to continue with the process that was
       | basically designed to justify procuring F-35s.
       | 
       | In the meantime, Canada's F-18s are absurdly old, and we have a
       | tradition of screwing up open procurement by sandbagging it for
       | decades.
       | 
       | So the Conservatives looked quite reasonable in wanting to buy in
       | on this internationally supported plane made by our closest
       | allies.
       | 
       | I think the liberals are vindicated at this point.
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | What's interesting is how Trudeau changed his mind after he
         | bowed down to Trump and submitted when the Bombardier CSeries
         | was slapped with tariffs (later judged illegal and promptly
         | removed) by Boeing. He immediately changed his tone and seemed
         | happy to buy an American plane from Lockheed this time.
         | 
         | That, subsidizing another US plane maker, was in fact the only
         | thing he did to try to protect his country's aerospace leader.
        
         | zepearl wrote:
         | I just did a search => this article (Dec 2020) sounds funny:
         | https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/f18-fighter-jets-canada-aus...
         | 
         | > _Only three of seven F-18 fighter jets purchased from
         | Australia by the Canadian government have been integrated into
         | the air force so far, and the Department of National Defence
         | says key upgrades to as much as one-third of Canada 's fighter
         | force will take up to five years, according to documents
         | recently tabled in the House of Commons._
         | 
         | > _The slow introduction of the used warplanes -- meant to
         | bolster Canada 's existing CF-18s squadrons -- and the long
         | timeline for radar refurbishment have the opposition
         | Conservatives questioning the value of the interim fleet._
         | 
         | > _When it first announced the plan three years ago, the
         | government said it expected to keep most of the existing CF-18
         | fleet flying until 2032._
         | 
         | Is the article correct? Anyway I'm not laughing because here in
         | Switzerland we have as well to replace our relatively old F-18
         | which might generate a huge debate with the potential result of
         | nothing happening (F-35 is as well one of the candidates, but
         | I've personally always been against it for various reasons).
        
           | Pxtl wrote:
           | Yup. Canada's F-18Cs (aka CF-18s) are _ancient_ and were so
           | bashed up that we ended up buying used Australian leftovers
           | for parts and repair as a stopgap until we can decide what we
           | 're doing for our next-gen fighters.
           | 
           | Basically we're procrastinating on the decision because the
           | F-35 is at once the best and worst option - our closest
           | allies are heavily standardized on it. But it's also a
           | boondoggle.
           | 
           | For a while Canada looked to be moving up to the modernized
           | version of the F-18 platform, the F/A-18 Super Hornet. But
           | then Boeing started a fight with Bombardier, a company that
           | the Canadian Liberal government is very protective of. So the
           | plans to invest in F/A-18 planes was scrapped.
           | 
           | So Canada is basically endlessly procrastinating on what new
           | jet to buy because of the F-35 boondoggle.
        
         | rjsw wrote:
         | The Eurofighter is probably the best fit for Canada's needs but
         | I gather that the US has blocked that.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | jabl wrote:
       | Seems a lot of the problems are due to how the government
       | develops and acquires military hardware, with incentives for the
       | various players massively misaligned with the interests of the
       | country as a whole. I wonder what would a sane acquisition
       | program look like?
       | 
       | A company developing a product and then offering the more or less
       | completed product to the military worked during WWII, but a
       | cutting-edge fighter (or many other pieces of cutting-edge
       | military hardware) development project is such an expensive and
       | risky project that a company can't do it alone and hope that the
       | government then comes and buys the finished product. So going
       | back to how things were done back in the day isn't an option.
       | 
       | Likewise the government taking the main design responsibility and
       | using the companies only for building the products the government
       | has designed probably won't work either, as the government
       | doesn't have the expertise.
       | 
       | So what would a sane strategy look like?
        
         | oetnxkdrlgcexu wrote:
         | Part of the problem with the acquisition process is the number
         | of people with their finger in the pie. It's very easy to
         | propose and implement new procedures/regulations that add
         | additional gatekeepers to any project. Creating new procedures
         | and being a gatekeeper is viewed as important and it helps the
         | careers of those who behave that way.
         | 
         | New procedures generally have risk-reduction as part of their
         | justification. For gov employees, if you take a risk, and it
         | pays off, it doesn't help your career. If you take a risk, and
         | it doesn't pay off, you're in trouble for going outside
         | procedure. If you don't take a risk, no one will punish you
         | even if things fail, because you can place all the blame onto
         | the procedure.
         | 
         | For this reason, there are almost no bureaucrats who will
         | reduce the number of procedures or regulations. Doing so is a
         | risk, and if something bad happens later it will be your fault.
         | So, no cost is too high to pay for risk reduction, and no one
         | will challenge any proposal whose goal is to reduce risk.
         | 
         | This incentive system is a structural and cultural sickness in
         | government work. Changing it would be an order of magnitude
         | more difficult than successfully implementing a genuine
         | cultural change at a large organization.
         | 
         | EDIT: Just to be really, really clear: government employees are
         | rewarded for completing work items defined in their procedure
         | documents. They are also the same people responsible for
         | writing those procedure documents.
        
         | jeffreyrogers wrote:
         | I'm not sure what a sane system would look like, but the main
         | problems you have to address are:
         | 
         | 1. In the current system requirements come from the military to
         | the contractors (I'm simplifying a bit here). The people on the
         | military side generally don't have much knowledge of
         | technological capabilities, so they are limited in what they
         | can conceive of. It dissuades outside-the-box thinking.
         | 
         | 2. The military generally looks to existing contractors. I'm
         | not even sure how you would sell to the military unless you
         | hired some executives away from an existing contractor.
         | 
         | 3. The way security clearances work and the length of time it
         | takes to get them makes it hard to rapidly develop products.
         | 
         | At this point I think the big companies are too big and slow,
         | they need to find a way to get smaller companies involved.
        
           | GcVmvNhBsU wrote:
           | I'm going to disagree with all three points.
           | 
           | 1. To think that the military does not know what they need
           | shows a very narrow understanding of the people fighting a
           | war. If you ask a pilot "What do you need to accomplish your
           | mission", they will tell you. They may not know how to
           | necessarily do sensor fusion or "cyber" things or the
           | math/physics involved, but the way they will describe the
           | problem and what their solution would be will show that they
           | are thinking outside the box. Now, I will be fair and say
           | that there is probably a disconnect between the end user and
           | Air Force Materiel Command and it's therefore up to the
           | program management office to solicit feedback and
           | requirements from the expert users.
           | 
           | 2. The military follows the Defense Federal Acquisition
           | Regulation Supplement. There may be instances where
           | contracting officers prefer and write requests for proposal
           | that target specific contractors, but that should be an edge
           | case and not the standard. I'd argue the real challenge is
           | the scale of federal acquisitions and consolidation of
           | industry players. In order to meet certain contractual
           | obligations, you have to be large enough, which brings us
           | to...
           | 
           | 3. Security clearances take a long time to adjudicate, but it
           | does not follow that that causes the inability to rapidly
           | develop products. Going back to size, the problem is DOTMLPF
           | - you cannot just design and purchase one thing, you need to
           | build the entire logistics support chain for the next XX
           | years. Maybe you squeeze a JUONS out that gets a capability
           | "rapidly" developed but there's still the expectation that
           | you re-evaluate and create that long supply chain at a
           | certain point.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > To think that the military does not know what they need
             | shows a very narrow understanding of the people fighting a
             | war.
             | 
             | To think that they clearly and unequivocally do shows a
             | very narrow understanding of the rather extreme diversity
             | of opinion within the defense establishment.
             | 
             | And if you recognize the disagreement but are somehow
             | deluded into thinking that the actual policy decisions
             | always reflect the side with the objectively stronger case
             | within the community...well, that's also wrong.
        
             | jeffreyrogers wrote:
             | I don't really disagree with your criticisms, but I don't
             | see them as direct rebuttals. For what it's worth, I work
             | in the defense industry.
             | 
             | Edit: I should also mention I was writing this with regards
             | to the challenges a new entrant to the defense industry
             | would face (i.e. a company that wants to start selling to
             | the military with no prior experience doing so).
             | 
             | 1. I agree the military knows what they want. The problem
             | is the military does not know what is possible. And they do
             | not know what could be possible. In the past contractors
             | came up with products (e.g. the sidewinder missile) that no
             | one in the military was asking for, simply because they
             | could not conceive of it. The engineers could conceive of
             | it however and were able to build it and then sell it to
             | them. This does not happen today.
             | 
             | The military can only ask about things it can imagine. It
             | can't ask for things it can't imagine, and those are the
             | things that ultimately lead to breakthroughs in warfighting
             | ability.
             | 
             | 2. If you are not Raytheon or Lockheed or whoever you
             | aren't going to get in the room with the people who make
             | purchasing decisions. That's why I said you'd need to hire
             | an executive from one of these companies. They have the
             | relationships already and know who to talk to. I'm not
             | saying it's literally impossible, just that it isn't going
             | to happen in practice. If you wanted to sell something to
             | say GM or Tesla you could get on LinkedIn or ask around for
             | someone who could put you in touch with someone high-up
             | there. And if your product was interesting they would
             | probably meet with you. Who do you even contact if you want
             | to sell to the military? There are people, but no one is
             | going to tell you who they are if you're just some random
             | person with a company.
             | 
             | 3. With regard to clearances. Let's say I'm developing some
             | new weapon system. We're now dealing with classified
             | information. So now everyone working on that needs a
             | clearance. It is absolutely a barrier to getting new ideas
             | off the ground because you need to wait > 1 year for the
             | clearances to finish processing before they can start doing
             | real work. There are a lot of smart people who could bring
             | new ideas into the industry, but they basically have a
             | choice between making a bunch of money working at a high
             | paying job or doing make-work while they wait for
             | everything to process. No surprise that many talented
             | people choose to go work elsewhere.
        
         | Symmetry wrote:
         | The "developing a product and then offering the more or less
         | completed product to the military" is how we got the Predator
         | drone though.
        
           | jabl wrote:
           | I'm not that familiar with that drone, but it seems to be a
           | very modest R&D cost to develop. And by all means, when such
           | an acquisition process works I'm sure it generally works
           | somewhat well.
           | 
           | My concern was more with larger more complex projects, where
           | no individual company can afford to take the risk to develop
           | it and then having the government say "nah, we're fine, we'll
           | pass this time".
        
       | greedo wrote:
       | Yet another anti F-35 article that really doesn't bring anything
       | new to the table.
        
       | g42gregory wrote:
       | I remember when F-35 was just coming out, it was cast as a
       | significantly cheaper alternative to F-22s. I think it was in the
       | documentary "Battle of X-Planes" (not sure of exact title)? I am
       | amazed how this turned out. Should we have kept producing F-22s?
        
       | randomopining wrote:
       | The BS that I don't buy from the pacifists... "we spend 10x
       | Russia!!"
       | 
       | But yeah, Russia has a nuke deterrent and could use that to force
       | a land war in Europe at the same time that China launches an
       | attack on Taiwan and North Korea launches an attack on South
       | Korea and Iran attacks Saudi Arabia.
       | 
       | How could the US military respond effectively to all of those at
       | once? Each of those countries wants to carve out their sphere of
       | influence. Once a short term victory is in the pocket for each of
       | them, there is diplomatic negotiations to end fighting and then
       | the new facts on the ground materialize and now 1/2+ the world is
       | under autocrats again.
        
         | CyanBird wrote:
         | What a poor quality comment
         | 
         | > How could the US military respond effectively to all of those
         | at once?
         | 
         | 1st, why does it have to be able to "respond" anywhere in the
         | world, this is not a capability any other nation has, all
         | nations armies are inherently defensive
         | 
         | 2nd, Russia has a Gdp lower than Italy with an ever decreasing
         | military age population. They are not the Red Army and
         | jingoistic toybox wanna be Internet Generals ought stop concern
         | trolling they are
         | 
         | 3rd, Spheres of influence are the natural state of Geopolitics,
         | tell me, why is the unipolar hegemonic power policing bilateral
         | relations between overseas sovereign nation states? What
         | legitimacy does it invoke to do this? Other than "might makes
         | right" which International Relations has thanks to rationalism
         | been moving away of for the last 300 years
        
         | crocodiletears wrote:
         | Europe could be... Europe's responsibility.
         | 
         | South Korea is plenty rich and advanced enough to field a
         | modern military, and outclass its neighbor.
         | 
         | Beyond TSMC, why is Taiwan's defense America's responsibility?
         | 
         | I'm fine with having a big military budget, but 'because how
         | else is the US supposed to shovel its children on top multiple
         | grenades simultanaeously for the good of every other developed
         | nation' is a poor sales job.
        
       | roody15 wrote:
       | The F-35 makes me wonder if US military superiority is as great
       | as it appears on paper.
       | 
       | For example our military budget is 10 times that of russia.
       | However does 1$ russia spends vs 1$ the US spends on equipment
       | equate?
       | 
       | Think it may be very likely that Russia (and China) are getting
       | more bang for their buck and the gap between forces isn't quite
       | as extreme.
       | 
       | No question the US has the most powerful military in the world
       | and it's Navy presence is unmatched. However moving forward is
       | this sustainable ? Russia and China catching up?
        
         | randomopining wrote:
         | Yeah that's the BS that I don't buy from the pacifists... "we
         | spend 10x Russia!!"
         | 
         | But yeah, Russia has a nuke deterrent and could use that to
         | force a land war in Europe at the same time that China launches
         | an attack on Taiwan and North Korea launches an attack on South
         | Korea and Iran attacks Saudi Arabia.
         | 
         | How could the US military respond effectively to all of those
         | at once? Each of those countries wants to carve out their
         | sphere of influence. Once a short term victory is in the pocket
         | for each of them, there is diplomatic negotiations to end
         | fighting and then the new facts on the ground materialize and
         | now 1/2+ the world is under autocrats again.
        
       | nickhalfasleep wrote:
       | Imagine if we held a war, and nobody could afford to come?
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | Governments have realized it's easier and more politically
         | favorable to pay and train local militias to shoot each other.
         | It's taking a page from the corporate playbook of creating a
         | shell company to hide liability.
        
         | benjohnson wrote:
         | It's for this reason that people (Bohr for example) who made
         | the atomic bomb saw a ray of hope - it made large scale war too
         | expensive to even try given that your enemy would nuke you
         | back.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | That is unless we all sign paperwork saying we won't use
           | these big huge wastes of GDP we've stockpiled like someone
           | with a hoarding complex, and resume war as usual.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | You don't even need the paper. Just the political will on
             | both sides. That is what mutually assured destruction is
             | about: I don't trust them to not use theirs, but I can
             | assure they don't win if they do.
             | 
             | It has been hotly debated on if mutually assured
             | destruction is actually why we haven't got into a nuclear
             | war or not. You can take either side of the debate with no
             | way to know for sure who is right.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | The problem is what if we have a war and the other guy decided
         | to bankrupt his country to afford the war, while decided we
         | couldn't afford it and so didn't build as much. The end result
         | is we lose the war and have to pay off the debt of the other
         | country.
         | 
         | There is no good answer once war is on the table. Keeping war
         | off the table should be everyone's priority, but unfortunately
         | it only takes one evil dictator to force you into war, so peace
         | isn't always possible.
        
           | nickik wrote:
           | Yeah all those evil dictators who constantly want to attack
           | super-powerful much bigger countries. Just incredible how
           | often that happens.
           | 
           | I mean super-powers with nuclear weapons just constantly have
           | to fight of these dictators.
           | 
           | What an odd as argument. This has literally never happened.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | You seem to have forgotten about WWII. (the dictators
             | didn't have nuclear weapons, but it otherwise describes
             | what you say never happens)
        
         | hindsightbias wrote:
         | People are always confused when I say I'm the F-35s biggest fan
         | - because disarmament isn't a viable political option but
         | aircraft programs like this effectively make it a practical
         | one.
        
           | scarmig wrote:
           | It reminds me of a funny little anecdote. In 1989, the USA
           | instituted an arms embargo on China after Tiananmen (which
           | was itself performed with tanks outfitted with American-made
           | guns). However, President Bush allowed a certain existing
           | deal ("Peace Pearl") that would help modernize the PLA's
           | airforce to continue based on the requests of certain well-
           | connected military contractors.
           | 
           | But in 1990, China cancelled the deal unilaterally, despite
           | it being the only access they had to Western military tech.
           | Ultimately it went with Israeli and Russian sources. Why? The
           | US arms exporters were running into massive cost overruns and
           | development delays. China thought it was some kind of
           | intentional sabotage, but it was nothing of the sort: it was
           | just the general fucked-upness of American military
           | procurement running into the realities of a culture unused to
           | that level of fucked-upness.
           | 
           | An international arms embargo couldn't accomplish the
           | disarmament of China of American weaponry, but the brokenness
           | of the American arms industry could.
        
           | quesera wrote:
           | That would make a lot more sense if the competing militaries
           | had the same problems.
           | 
           | Shifting the power balance is unlikely to result in a safer
           | world for most.
        
         | yabones wrote:
         | If we held a war, all of these fancy planes would be gone in
         | the first week. So would all the aircraft carriers, a good
         | number of ships, and likely all of the stealth bombers too.
         | 
         | That's the funny thing about modern military tech, it only
         | really works correctly in peacetime when the wars are fought
         | against poorly equipped insurgents & rebel forces. "Stealth"
         | only works on very old radar systems, any 1st world country has
         | the capabilities to detect a B2 or an F35.
         | 
         | After the second month of conflict, the only equipment left
         | would be mid century jets that can be quickly built in single
         | factories, without the complicated supply chains that F35 was
         | built around. That's what matters, mass production and numbers
         | - not $2B jets that can be shot down by a $100K missile system
         | strapped to the back of a truck.
        
           | varjag wrote:
           | While most radars can detect a stealth fighter, few systems
           | are able to hold a lock on them. E.g. no system that Russia
           | or China currently possess.
        
             | dmpk2k wrote:
             | That's one reason why search and targeting radars are not
             | the same thing. Missiles are fired (and aircraft are sent)
             | in the general area of the detected aircraft, where they'll
             | pick up the enemy aircraft on X-band more easily.
             | 
             | And don't forget the networking. It won't just be the one
             | targeting radar; networked missile groups have existed for
             | decades.
             | 
             | This idea that Russia and China can't "lock on" assumes
             | that the Russians and Chinese are idiots. They've been busy
             | trying to improve the odds of a stealth kill ever since the
             | F-117A went public, and probably before. LO helps, but it's
             | not magic.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Yes, there are no Russian and Chinese systems that can
               | maintain weapons lock on a stealth fighter. Not airborne
               | and not ground based. Russia scrambles to gain this
               | capability with its latest s-300 upgrade (s-500), but so
               | far it's not operational.
               | 
               | This is why everyone in the world is queued to order
               | F-35s: it's the world's only operational multirole
               | stealth fighter you can buy, and it has no peer
               | adversaries yet. Goes against the popular Internet wisdom
               | of how crap F-35 are, but they sell like hot cakes.
        
               | dmpk2k wrote:
               | The S-500 is meant more for ICBMs and cruise missiles.
               | 
               | The S-400 variant is claimed to be effective against LO
               | aircraft, but since only Russia, China and Turkey operate
               | the things, we cannot say either way. We definitely
               | cannot claim it's ineffective against LO aircraft.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | ABM capability is touted since the original 1980s S-300,
               | it's nothing new.
               | 
               | The struggles with S-500 are well documented, much
               | discussed on Russian arms nerds forums and absolutely
               | have all to do with the challenges posed by F-35.
        
           | tormeh wrote:
           | I don't expect a rerun of WW2. It's hard to tell exactly how
           | things would turn out, but the concept of having factories
           | beyond the reach of enemy bombers is obsolete with today's
           | aircraft. It's more likely that whoever wins the first few
           | battles will have an immense advantage over the other, which
           | will be reduced to guerrilla tactics.
           | 
           | This is all assuming it's a total war without nukes though,
           | which is fanciful.
           | 
           | A conventional war between nuclear powers over a third
           | country (Taiwan?) could maybe possibly happen by attrition,
           | but more probably by attrition of war morale, rather than war
           | materiel.
        
           | Someone wrote:
           | But if you don't have those fancy planes, guns, tanks, etc.
           | but your enemy has, that first week will (somewhat) be of the
           | "when the wars are fought against poorly equipped insurgents
           | & rebel forces." type _for your enemy_.
           | 
           | After a week, they will still have many of their fancy
           | planes, and, likely, will have destroyed a lot of your
           | infrastructure, killed your pilots, etc.
           | 
           | I think you need both fancy planes and the ability to rapidly
           | ramp up production of less advanced weaponry.
        
           | why_Mr_Anderson wrote:
           | Finally someone who understands this! All modern weapons are
           | no doubt very effective, but they are also very complex ,take
           | long time to build, need specialized factories and skilled
           | workers and the result is that there aren't that many
           | stockpiled. Because that's not only expensive, weapons also
           | deteriorate and might malfunction if stored for extended
           | period of time. Most of the fancy toys would run out after
           | 1st month of actual war (assuming non-nuclear conflict, of
           | course).
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Aircraft carriers at sea are harder to sink than you think,
           | and the ocean is big enough that you probably couldn't find
           | them either.
        
             | why_Mr_Anderson wrote:
             | They are also very big, making them easier to find with
             | satellites. Also don't forget that those subs are not just
             | randomly wandering around, you can bet both Russia and
             | China are keeping track of approx. location of every
             | carrier group very carefully.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | True, but they can't get a sub close enough without being
               | detected.
        
       | albanread wrote:
       | Any chance the UK can get a refund then?
       | 
       | "Before the end of this decade, the F-35 Lightning will provide
       | the ultimate punch of the Royal Navy's Queen Elizabeth-class
       | aircraft carriers. The F-35 is an Anglo-American joint effort,
       | designed by the best and brightest in the two nations' aircraft
       | industries."
        
         | arethuza wrote:
         | For anyone wondering the UK's new carriers explicitly rejected
         | the traditional CATOBAR approach to take-offs and landings in
         | favour of a design that pretty much requires the F35B STOVL
         | variant.
        
           | Pxtl wrote:
           | Such carriers could still be used for the UK's Harrier jump-
           | jets, couldn't it?
        
       | imglorp wrote:
       | While it might be a failure from the taxpayer's and military's
       | point of view, it's a raving success for Congress and the
       | contractors. The metrics for the latter are jobs, grandstanding,
       | campaign donations, kickbacks, crony benefits, and mountains of
       | cash, plus guaranteed more mountains ongoing until it's killed.
       | 
       | I wish this was the cynical view but it's more like reality of
       | government procurement.
        
         | baybal2 wrote:
         | How much harm did those fellows do, and how much all communist
         | spies/saboteurs/subversives/seditionists combined did?
        
           | imglorp wrote:
           | Not exactly a new problem.
           | 
           | > It could probably be shown by facts and figures that there
           | is no distinctly native American criminal class except
           | Congress. - Twain
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | As a US military veteran that now does software at a large
         | defense contractor the whole culture offends me to my core.
         | 
         | The US Govt, taxpayers, and military service members are
         | getting hosed- especially on the software side of things.
        
           | seppin wrote:
           | With all respect, do you feel odd about benefiting personally
           | from a system you despise?
        
           | rsj_hn wrote:
           | Care to elaborate?
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | This is a waste of jobs though. The only reason why you want to
         | wastefully spend money on jobs creation is that you somehow
         | discover new things in the process, you are building up a
         | workforce that will work on productive things after they
         | completed the boondoggle or you just want to hit inflation
         | goals.
         | 
         | I'd say the F-35 fails at all three. It's just a slightly
         | cheaper F-22 that can be exported, the work was handed to
         | existing companies for the sake of politics instead of creating
         | new ones, the project is decades old and failed to hit
         | inflation goals.
        
           | cyberge99 wrote:
           | Your presumption that F-35 is a delivery vehicle is flawed.
           | It may be an unconventional capability codename.
        
         | mcv wrote:
         | If creating jobs is so important, why not simply create those
         | jobs in other areas? There's plenty of infrastructure in dire
         | need of maintainance.
        
           | Analemma_ wrote:
           | Military spending is a jobs/makework program that's
           | politically acceptable to conservatives. They wouldn't
           | support spending that same amount of many on other things,
           | even far more useful things.
        
             | jonplackett wrote:
             | The acceptable socialism
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | A good portion of the voters are okay with government
           | spending on military versus "bad" guys, with almost no limit,
           | but the same voters balk at other government spending,
           | decrying it for waste or corruption or inefficiency, etc.
           | 
           | The tribe opens up their wallet anytime they feel threatened,
           | but not to help each other, to make sure no other sub-tribe
           | is getting a disproportionate portion of the help (and/or to
           | maintain their own sub-tribe continuing to get a
           | disproportionate portion of the help).
        
             | tgflynn wrote:
             | I don't know, what you say about the voters may be true,
             | but I'm not convinced. We see a lot of politicians and
             | media personalities making these kind of statements but how
             | often do we hear an average voter expressing such opinions
             | ?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | It can be pretty harmful (politically) to express such
               | opinions on the record, but I infer based on actions. I
               | most easily see it in the efforts which people will go
               | through to make sure their kids get "ahead".
               | 
               | I would characterize it as a general trait of people
               | being happy with growth for everyone, as long as their
               | piece of the growth remains consistent and stays ahead of
               | the growth of those at or below them in society. Once the
               | ordering starts getting disturbed, then people get tribal
               | very quickly.
               | 
               | I'm assuming this is a general trait present in many
               | species that live in groups.
        
             | mcv wrote:
             | > _" but the same voters balk at other government spending,
             | decrying it for waste or corruption or inefficiency, etc."_
             | 
             | Oh, the irony.
        
               | dublin wrote:
               | Government is _always_ inefficient, even in the rare
               | cases where it 's not utterly corrupt. As Bill Buckley
               | famously put it, "What would happen if the Communists
               | occupied the Sahara? Answer: Nothing--for 50 years. Then
               | there would be a shortage of sand."
        
               | BitwiseFool wrote:
               | Sadly, the candidates I trust to spend federal money
               | wisely get trounced in every election.
        
           | nickik wrote:
           | Unfortunately the military is the most trusted institution in
           | the US. Why I don't understand? People will scream about
           | reducing military spending but scream about increase in other
           | things.
           | 
           | Its funny however since most people in the US are against the
           | wars now also.
           | 
           | The numbers on this are pretty paradoxical. The majority of
           | people want the wars to end but also keep up military
           | spending.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | Politicians want steady employment within their own district.
           | Having a contractor or supplier for the F-35 serves this
           | purpose well, while infrastructure work is much more
           | temporary and spread out.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | getting a bridge fixed isn't shiny.
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | I'd argue that three distinct aircraft could have accomplished
         | _that_ goal better too (as they could be assembled in different
         | places by different companies, with different US-based
         | suppliers).
         | 
         | The F-35's initial "share parts" goal was good. But feature
         | creep and overall complexity in the project weren't controlled,
         | and now with hindsight we would have been better off with
         | multiple task-specific aircraft even if that meant little parts
         | sharing.
        
           | caycep wrote:
           | I kind of wonder if parts of the program would be useful,
           | i.e. make a "platform" like the fighter plane version of
           | React.js or Swift UI and manufacturers and plug and play a
           | new airplane out of the tech developed for it?
        
           | maxerickson wrote:
           | Yeah, even in the cynical view that it's a spending program,
           | you can still end up with more or less capability and might
           | as well shoot for more.
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | The F-35 was trying to share more than just parts, but an
           | entire airframe. Sharing parts is "normal", LRUs are designed
           | to standard forms (both in connectors as well as physical box
           | size, shape, and weight) on purpose. This allows them to use
           | the same box in a variety of aircraft to cover the common
           | subsystems.
           | 
           | A greater emphasis on these modular components being flexible
           | enough to meet each mission need while permitting each
           | service to get its own tailored air _frame_ would have been
           | the best option. Instead the F-35 program office has the
           | population of a small town on its own who all have to
           | coordinate in harmony (hah!) with each other and the
           | customers who have _very_ different actual wants and needs.
           | Divide that into 3+ airframe program offices (of reasonable
           | sizes) with proper focus on their customer, and one larger
           | program office that oversees the various LRU and other
           | components and this alternate F-35 _family_ of aircraft could
           | have been successful (at least some of them, even if, say,
           | you end up trying to build 5 planes and only 3 really meet
           | their goals, that 's better than the F-35 which doesn't work
           | for any of its users).
        
             | tabtab wrote:
             | Even in the software design biz, factoring often looks
             | easier on paper. Small-scale modules and components usually
             | have a better reuse record in my observation because you
             | can mix, match, change, and drop them as needed per
             | project: you can date components without being forced to
             | marry them. F-35 is a marriage made in Hell.
        
           | tablespoon wrote:
           | >> While it might be a failure from the taxpayer's and
           | military's point of view, it's a raving success for Congress
           | and the contractors. The metrics for the latter are jobs,
           | grandstanding, campaign donations, kickbacks, crony benefits,
           | and mountains of cash, plus guaranteed more mountains ongoing
           | until it's killed.
           | 
           | > I wish this was the cynical view but it's more like reality
           | of government procurement.
           | 
           | > I'd argue that three distinct aircraft could have
           | accomplished that goal better too (as they could be assembled
           | in different places by different companies, with different
           | US-based suppliers).
           | 
           | Which I think is proof that the GP is wrong. If all Congress
           | wanted to do was spend cash to create jobs, they could have
           | done better than the F-35.
           | 
           | I think Congress and the military were honestly trying to
           | _save_ money by building the F-35, by getting more bang for
           | their buck by filling more roles with it. It 's just that
           | they failed at that. Some people can't help but assuming
           | malice when incompetence is a far better explanation.
           | 
           | Lockheed spread the work around to make it more politically
           | difficult to kill, but that was for their own profit-seeking
           | reasons.
        
             | wisty wrote:
             | Reminds me of the Space Shuttle, which was meant to be a
             | combination people mover, freighter, and a construction
             | machine. All while being reusable. The US space program is
             | only just recovering.
             | 
             | Multiple roles is hard when your biggest enemy is weight.
        
               | dublin wrote:
               | Don't forget that after the cancellation of the earlier
               | Space Station (the ISS came much later) the "Shuttle" had
               | no place to shuttle things _to_. Even after decades, the
               | Shuttle never came even remotely close to its cost,
               | reuse, and turnaround time targets. On top of that, two
               | of them blew up, accounting for 14 deaths, a figure that
               | is 100% of all actual in-flight spaceflight deaths. By
               | any rational measure, the Shuttle cannot be considered
               | anything other than a failure.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | > 100% of all actual in-flight spaceflight deaths.
               | 
               | How do you measure this?
               | 
               | The USSR had deaths, including hitting the ground because
               | parachutes didn't open with Soyuz 1 and from faulty
               | equipment causing asphyxiation during flight on Soyuz 11.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_11
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz_1
        
               | TrevorJ wrote:
               | I'm not sure it's recovering at all, given the fact that
               | SLS is just rummaging around in the Shuttle parts bin try
               | and build a 'new' rocket.
        
           | lostcolony wrote:
           | >> and now with hindsight
           | 
           | Just to point out, back then with foresight there were plenty
           | of people saying "this is a bad idea". The GAO found numerous
           | issues as early as 2005 with the F35 (even earlier, as the
           | article mentions, if you go back to the JSF), and I feel like
           | I haven't gone more than a year without seeing yet another
           | report of problems.
        
           | GekkePrutser wrote:
           | I think in particular the Marines design was too much of a
           | stretch from the start. VTOL just makes for a totally
           | different aircraft. The differences between the land and
           | carrier versions are much smaller.
        
             | MilStdJunkie wrote:
             | The underlying concept of the program(1) was bad from the
             | start, but to top it off, the thing can't fight:
             | 
             | (TL;DR: the plane is in a catch-22 of not having enough
             | range when it carries enough weapons and not having enough
             | weapons when it has enough range - you can't load dirty and
             | fly high in contested airspace, you'll get shot right down,
             | and if you load clean you won't have enough range to engage
             | safely or the numbers to do so effectively)
             | 
             | * 1000 NM radius is not enough for SE Asia, at all,
             | certainly not for defended airspace. Flying dirty
             | (unstealthed), it flies LOLO for terrain masking, and now
             | you're lucky to get 500 NM. * persnickety: pre-chilled
             | fuel; exotic conditioned electricals; 30,000 dollar CPFH +
             | regionally specific MDF for the active LO systems * Can't
             | stealth mount BRU-61 * Can't mount AARGM-ER/AGM-88G,
             | AIM-260 JATM, JAGM-F, SPEAR 3, JSM, APKWS, AGM-183 ARRW,
             | AGM-158C/D LRASM/JASSM-XR, SACM/CUDA/PEREGRINE,
             | Hammer/Hatchet at all * Can't supersonic launch missiles
             | because no supercruise * So now subtract 30% from your
             | missile range - a lot of power to make a shock cone that
             | fast. * 8 seconds (A), 16 seconds (B) and 43 seconds (C)
             | over KPP requirement for missile sprint, during the run up
             | to IOT&E and OPEVAL. This is super duper bad. * 4 AMRAAMS
             | internal, and you need 3 to guarantee a kill in ECM
             | environment. Take more than 4 and you fly low, halving the
             | combat radius _if you 're lucky_. * APG-81, MADL, stealth
             | coatings were pirated in the late aughts, compromised *
             | Offtopic, but they're not helping with the "Show The Flag"
             | forward presence parades up and down the "Black Ditch".
             | Free handout to PRC tech exploit teams hanging out on the
             | trawlers sniffing all the ELINT. * Etc etc etc etc this
             | could go on for some time, like the logistics system that's
             | already forcing ground crews to cannibalize the few jets
             | they have.
             | 
             | (1) VTOL? VTOL!? Have you not noticed that the most
             | practical form of VTOL is a hundred knot airframe WITH A
             | GIANT FRICKIN FAN ON TOP? Also, since when is your fighter
             | aircraft the most expensive one? They're supposed to be
             | disposable for gods sakes.
        
             | protomyth wrote:
             | Yeah. The F-4 was fine for the Navy and Air Force, but the
             | VTOL was a step too far.
        
               | mgarfias wrote:
               | No, the f4 could do the job, but it wasn't fine.
        
               | protomyth wrote:
               | Making more than 5,000 was probably good indicator of its
               | value.
        
               | mgarfias wrote:
               | Read what Boyd had to say about it. It was of value to MD
               | and GE, but a good fighter it wasn't. Nor was it a good
               | bomb truck. It kinda did both, but not well.
               | 
               | The DoD of course, followed it on with the F-111 (thanks
               | McNamara!) that tried to do everything, but the only
               | effective thing it really did was to cause the Soviets to
               | build the MIG-23 and waste a bunch of cash on that.
        
               | ch_123 wrote:
               | A lot of politics go into deciding what gets adopted,
               | which leads to some very questionable aircraft getting
               | adopted in large numbers. The F-104 was effectively
               | forced onto a lot of European countries (particularly
               | Germany) and mostly succeeded in killing lots of pilots.
        
               | GekkePrutser wrote:
               | Indeed, they called it the lawn dart :D It was used in
               | the netherlands too.
               | 
               | I don't know why they even wanted an interceptor. I
               | suppose the soviets were still a thing. But a handful of
               | F-104s wouldn't have stopped them.
               | 
               | In the Netherlands there was also a huge corruption
               | scandal involving the queen's husband who was paid to
               | lobby on Lockheed's behalf.
        
       | anewaccount2021 wrote:
       | Pilots love it. Pundits hate it. It isn't going away or being
       | "cancelled"...the US already has hundreds, will receive hundreds
       | more. I don't know why these articles continue discussing the F35
       | like it is a proposal...its in service and will be in service in
       | 2060.
        
       | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
       | _Although it has an extraordinarily poor track record, killing
       | off the JSF entirely will prove difficult. According to a map
       | showing the economic impact across the country..._
       | 
       | I'm not a fan of maintaining bad/harmful industries to prevent
       | job loss. If we're that concerned, redirect those _trillions_
       | into beneficial jobs - like oh, say, badly needed infrastructure
       | repair.
        
         | redis_mlc wrote:
         | > I'm not a fan of maintaining bad/harmful industries
         | 
         | US defense is not a bad or harmful industry - it protects the
         | free world.
         | 
         | WW2 wouldn't have happened if the US wasn't isolationist. We've
         | had 75 years of relative peace thanks to being a superpower.
        
       | F00Fbug wrote:
       | Col. Boyd must be spinning in his grave!
       | 
       | One of my favorite books: https://www.amazon.com/Boyd-Fighter-
       | Pilot-Who-Changed/dp/031...
       | 
       | There's a lot about what's wrong with aircraft procurement in
       | this book and how he fought against it. Idealism and pragmatism
       | still lose to politics and money fifty years later!
        
         | u10 wrote:
         | Boyd and Pierre Sprey are hacks part of the luddite fighter
         | mafia. If it was up to them the most successful fighter plane
         | of all time (F-15) would have been replaced with cheap f-5
         | clones without BVR or RADAR capabilities.
        
           | F00Fbug wrote:
           | I guess that's true to a point, but Boyd was singularly
           | focused on ACM, maybe even obsessed with it. Which is
           | understandable given his background.
           | 
           | I guess it's fortunate that technology continued to advance
           | to the point where the F-16 finally does have improved RADAR
           | and BVR (Block 20 and onward).
           | 
           | But, yeah, they had tunnel vision about the mission.
        
           | dublin wrote:
           | The "cheap F-5 clone" called the F-20 Tigershark would have
           | been one of the most capable and cost-effective fighters
           | ever, but it offered insufficient opportunity for graft and
           | corruption, so it was killed by Congress. It was also no
           | doubt the last time any manufacturer will ever attempt to
           | develop a significant military aircraft at their own expense.
        
         | jnwatson wrote:
         | There's an argument, by Boyd causing the F-15 and F-16 to
         | succeed, he delayed the inevitable rethinking of the
         | procurement process. If not for Boyd, the Air Force would have
         | had perhaps 1 qualified success (F-18 Super Hornet) in the last
         | 50 years of air platform development.
        
           | u10 wrote:
           | The Air Force doesn't fly the F-18. Boyd was against the
           | F-15, so I'm not sure where you are getting that from.
        
             | F00Fbug wrote:
             | The F-18 and F-15 prototypes were competing for the same
             | job. F-15 won and MD managed to salvage their investment
             | and sell the YF-17 to the Navy as the F-18.
             | 
             | The F-16 was the card up Boyd's sleeve that nobody saw
             | coming but couldn't argue against it once he put it on the
             | table!
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | No, the F-17 and the F-16 were both part of the LWF
               | (Lightweight Fighter) project. When the F-16 beat out the
               | F-17, the USN decided to pursue the F-17 which became the
               | F-18.
        
               | u10 wrote:
               | The F/A-18 was never in competition with the F-15 WRT the
               | Air Force. It was mandated by congress for the navy to
               | replace the high cost f-14 with something more reasonable
               | costwise. It's true that the F/A-18 was competing with a
               | navalized version of the F-15 but cost factors and the
               | lack of organic multirole made the navalized version of
               | the F-15 unfeasible.
               | 
               | The F-16 did not conform to what Boyd wanted out of a
               | combat aircraft, execpt for the lightweight part. The
               | F-16 has a RADAR, BVR, and while designed as an air
               | superiority it has exceeded expectations as a multirole
               | platform.
        
               | dublin wrote:
               | The Navy has a strong preference for two engines (and so
               | would you, if you were flying at sea), so the F-16 was
               | never an option for them, anyway...
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | dwighttk wrote:
           | Did the Air Force ever use the f18?
        
             | greedo wrote:
             | No.
        
             | rjsw wrote:
             | Other Air Forces have used it, Canada and Australia.
             | Germany is thinking of getting some.
        
         | jabl wrote:
         | > There's a lot about what's wrong with aircraft procurement in
         | this book
         | 
         | So for those of us not interested enough to actually go read
         | that book, what is the solution for such insanely expensive
         | military programs?
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | First, are the programs insanely expensive is a question that
           | needs to be asked. I have no doubt there is waste to cut, but
           | overall, a modern fighter much be complex. A WWI fighter will
           | lose against the more complex fighter every-time, which will
           | lose to the 1950s fighter (The jet engine was just becoming
           | workable at the end of WWII, if the war had gone longer what
           | I'm calling a 1950s fighter would be late WWII). And so on. A
           | modern fighter must have high R&D, and overall we hope to
           | only need a relatively small number of them, which makes it
           | really easy to do division on a per fighter basis and get a
           | really big number.
           | 
           | The incremental cost of a F35 once you have designed it isn't
           | too bad (and it could be made a lot better if it was worth a
           | larger assembly line to make more).
        
         | zepearl wrote:
         | It was extremely interesting from a technological point of view
         | (e.g. funny the mentions about "gold plating", if I remember
         | correctly), but at the same time I thought that it was very
         | depressing (his private life). I'm conflicted about that
         | book... .
        
       | sneak wrote:
       | The amount of money spent on this weapon of war could have been
       | used to build a $700k house for every one of the 550,000 homeless
       | people in the USA.
       | 
       | If you taxed Jeff Bezos at 100% of his wealth and simply
       | confiscated all of his US$183 billion of assets and liquidated
       | them, you would have to find another 1.3 of him to do the same to
       | to cover the cost of this program, which is 2.3x his net worth.
       | Even if you tacked on Elon Musk's US$164B, you wouldn't have
       | enough to pay for this.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | With advances in drones and remote imaging, is there still a role
       | for manned jets like this? I similarly wonder about manned
       | spaceflight.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Yes, at least for now human at the controls is better than AI
         | or remote control. This is quickly changing, but as things
         | stand today you need a human for some operations. Soon though
         | humans won't stand a chance.
        
           | nickik wrote:
           | And the major reason for it is that no program as expensive
           | as the F-35 has been done to attempt to develop such a thing.
           | Or rather multiple different drones depending on what thing
           | you actually wanted to do.
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | The USAF/USSF seems to have already made the switch to unmanned
         | spaceflight (the x37b).
        
       | cyberge99 wrote:
       | If this is a headline, it means that everything behind the scenes
       | is happening as expected. US Gov doesn't leak. This is a
       | distraction from current MILOPs capability.
        
         | zaptrem wrote:
         | Source? I'd be interested to hear about this.
        
       | steve76 wrote:
       | The J-20 copied the F-35. Now the international marxists are
       | trying to junk it with their bought and paid for media.
       | 
       | Bold move.
       | 
       | A few dirty secrets about war. Really powerful people do start
       | them over petty arguments at home. They loose power, and then
       | make life as worst as possible for everyone until they are back
       | in power. Some have a heart and things just gets out of hand.
       | Some view other people's lives like poachers view deer in the
       | wild or oil from a well. Mine it till it runs dry, move on. They
       | are convinced of their immortality. Part of me sometimes question
       | my doubt, like if they have some state secret medicine.
       | 
       | A cockpit is not a pretty place to be. It kills you just the same
       | as anything. Fumes, oil, vomit, sunlight, stressful long hours.
       | Replace it with drones all you want. People will find out what
       | really kills drone operators too, and it will probably be
       | generational. Increasing the knowledge requirements so you only
       | study, don't have a family, and your city is filled with junkies.
       | Sap them across decades and centuries.
       | 
       | War is killing first. How you do it comes next. Cold calculated
       | killing, weaponizing everything we know.
       | 
       | It's best to avoid it. And if you think about what provokes, and
       | what soothes violent people. Materialism and moral license, with
       | their drunkenness, boredom, search for meaning tend to provoke.
       | It's then you have the street fights. Lofty moral standards, such
       | as I just built a gravity application with the new black hole
       | imagining data, something that will kill everything EVER, tends
       | to calm things down, mystify and give them something to achieve.
        
       | stanfordkid wrote:
       | I think there is room in the market for an Elon Musk style
       | entrepreneur to completely re-define the industry as was done by
       | Space-X. I think defense filters out a lot of potential founders
       | due to it's inherently bloody nature -- at the end of the day
       | these are machines are designed to kill people efficiently,
       | whatever the reason may be.
        
         | greedo wrote:
         | Bert Rutan tried to do that. Selling aircraft to the US
         | military is a tough sell unless you're one of the big boys.
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | This is a kind way of saying that the defense industry and
           | their sole customer are vertically integrated and serve as a
           | way of transferring HUGE amounts of tax money into private
           | hands without any accountability or real market forces at
           | work of any kind.
           | 
           | The whole thing is a criminal enterprise designed to rob
           | public funds and enrich a small group. It's been widely known
           | for decades and everyone who thinks this is a bad thing is
           | powerless to stop it.
           | 
           | It teaches one a lot about the true nature of the USA.
        
             | greedo wrote:
             | Well, part of this integration is inevitable. Defense
             | materiel is so complicated, leading to high expenses that
             | the DoD is required to manage vendors. Much of the
             | aerospace consolidation that has happened in the past 30
             | years has been "encouraged" by the Pentagon as they think a
             | smaller vendor can't really compete. At the same time, they
             | want to preserve the industrial capacity so that they have
             | flexibility when the military equivalent of the 737MAX
             | strikes. That's why ULA is still around despite SpaceX
             | kicking its butt.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | With Space anyone can try to get there and prove their
         | technology. There's even an event held once a year out in
         | Nevada where you can show up with whatever rocket you want and
         | try for it.
         | 
         | War fighting isn't the same, you can't prove your plane is good
         | in combat on your own. You need a war and a side willing and
         | able to fly it in combat.
        
       | GekkePrutser wrote:
       | I'm surprised they don't go for updated F-16s now, but instead
       | for a new design. Which again will have the chance of running
       | over budget, having teething issues, etc etc. With the F-16 these
       | things are already long figured out. They were even built here in
       | Europe for a while. I know it doesn't have stealth but it has
       | proven itself in asymmetric warfare.
       | 
       | I wonder what the EU partners will do now. The Netherlands wanted
       | the F-35 as the successor to the F-16 which it never became. They
       | had to scale down orders as the price went up. I bet they will
       | need a new plane too to fulfill the F-16 role. They can't cancel
       | the F-35 purchases though as it was an intricate patchwork of
       | local supply deals in return for orders.
        
         | rswskg wrote:
         | I imagine they will just skip to drones mostly now.
        
           | GekkePrutser wrote:
           | I wonder... Right now the Netherlands has no armed drones at
           | all. Just surveillance ones.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | Switching to drones makes sense to me, it seems to give a lot
           | of bang for the buck. However, the risks and operational
           | requirements are very different than a traditional manned
           | plane so it would require a lot of change everywhere.
        
       | black6 wrote:
       | This has all happened before, and it will all happen again. The
       | Pentagon Wars is available for viewing on YouTube.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ir0FAa8P2MU
        
         | partiallypro wrote:
         | This is a great movie and I highly recommend it. It used to be
         | on HBO Go, so I'm sure it's on Max.
        
           | Koshkin wrote:
           | What's wrong with watching it on YouTube?
        
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