[HN Gopher] Google's top security teams unilaterally shut down a...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Google's top security teams unilaterally shut down a
       counterterrorism operation
        
       Author : Reventlov
       Score  : 323 points
       Date   : 2021-03-26 11:37 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.technologyreview.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.technologyreview.com)
        
       | stadium wrote:
       | > There are certain hallmarks in Western operations that are not
       | present in other entities ... you can see it translate down into
       | the code
       | 
       | That reads like a opsec vulnerability in the approach
        
       | eplanit wrote:
       | Google, Facebook, and Twitter see themselves as nation-states
       | now, it's becoming clear. It's time to knock these guys down a
       | few notches. China doesn't have fickle, smug, spoiled, naive
       | zealots working on their offensive and defensive cyber efforts --
       | but man, we sure do. I think the CCP has already beaten us. Sad
       | that an adtech company like Google is involved at all in national
       | defense.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | DarkContinent wrote:
       | > There are certain hallmarks in Western operations that are not
       | present in other entities... you can see it translate down into
       | the code
       | 
       | Can someone help me understand why this is a good thing? By the
       | arguments presented by other commenters, it seems to me that a)
       | these hallmarks can be duplicated by someone else and b) by only
       | running operations with said hallmarks, the intelligence agencies
       | might miss other vulnerabilities.
        
         | jowsie wrote:
         | It's good because they can choose to omit the hallmarks if they
         | wish to hinder attribution, or they can take on the hallmarks
         | of an enemy nation state to point the finger elsewhere/create
         | false flags.
        
           | jessaustin wrote:
           | If "they" can include or omit "hallmarks", so can any other
           | "nation state" operatives. In other words, this whole idea is
           | complete bullshit, as it seemed to be when I first read it?
        
       | resoluteteeth wrote:
       | This article seems to be saying that it's reasonable to expect
       | that google should avoid reporting or fixing security
       | vulnerabilities being actively exploited by the US government,
       | and this isn't something that should make other counties consider
       | Google to be working as an agent for the US government and
       | therefore deserving of being blocked or sanctioned.
       | 
       | By the same token should we we also consider it reasonable for
       | companies Huawei to avoid fixing security vulnerabilities being
       | exploited by governments like China and not consider them to be
       | deserving of having importation of their products blocked on this
       | basis?
       | 
       | I don't think other countries would necessarily want to use
       | google products if they are intentionally leaving security
       | vulnerabilities open, so maybe it is better that all companies
       | fix all security vulnerabilities they find?
        
         | Debug_Overload wrote:
         | Special pleading is a hell of a drug.
        
         | bayindirh wrote:
         | It should be fair and equal. It's either everybody acts on
         | behalf of their country of origin or everybody fixes all
         | problems they find.
         | 
         | "Country A can do it, but B can't because A is X and B is Y" is
         | not an acceptable solution IMHO.
        
           | kalleboo wrote:
           | It should be fair and equal, and countries that do not agree
           | to the fair and equal rules, they should be excluded from
           | free trade.
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | Shall we start with ones which insist that fair and equal
             | means what they choose to mean instead of what they mean
             | universally?
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | "What they mean universally" is actually a harder thing
               | to peg down than one might assume, which is one of the
               | reasons we still have separate countries in the first
               | place.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | It's also why the "rules based international order" is
               | not much more than PR for violent hegemony.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | I don't think I understand what you mean. Is the European
               | Union a rules-based international order? It doesn't seem
               | to be a violent hegemony from the outside looking in.
        
               | speeder wrote:
               | EU happily bombed seasteading projects.
               | 
               | Also Somalia originally wanted to split in multiple
               | countries and NATO interventions happened to prevent that
               | and force them to remain only one country, and remain in
               | Civil war
        
               | SiempreViernes wrote:
               | > EU happily bombed seasteading projects
               | 
               | How the EU member states act towards parties outside the
               | EU seems a bit beside the main point: that the EU itself
               | actually _is_ about international rules and not a cover
               | for violent actions between the various member states.
        
               | medicineman wrote:
               | >How the EU member states act towards parties outside the
               | EU seems a bit beside the main point[...]
               | 
               | It isn't beside the point. It is contradictory to your
               | narrative. Big difference.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | The EU isn't about international rules - members of the
               | EU don't care at all about international rules. It's
               | simply a covenant between countries that can be willingly
               | entered and left.
               | 
               | The "rules based international order", on the other hand,
               | is not voluntary. If the US decides that you are in
               | breach, then it will be rectified with hard power. It's
               | simply an abstraction for hegemony, and you don't get a
               | choice to parcipate or not, the choice is made for you by
               | the hegemon (which also happens to be its enforcer).
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | The EU is not the rules based international order, it's a
               | supranational entity.
               | 
               | The "rules based international order" is supposedly the
               | body of international laws and customs as well as their
               | enforcement internationally, and is what the US uses to
               | justify their hegemony, placing them as the guarantor of
               | this order - while themselves violently breaching it.
               | 
               | It's also called the "US-led international order" or the
               | "liberal international order". Put simply, it's the US
               | and its allies enforcing a set of rules internationally
               | with violence or the threat of violence (or economic
               | sanctions)
               | 
               | See: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_internationa
               | l_order
        
             | FpUser wrote:
             | There is no free trade. Trade sanctions are used left and
             | right for political goals.
        
               | Lammy wrote:
               | Trade itself is used for political goals:
               | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LNS11300031
        
             | stjohnswarts wrote:
             | You think -any- country is fair and equal when it comes to
             | spying and their intelligence agencies? It's strictly
             | limited by technical capabilities and nothing else. You're
             | living in dreamworld if you think all countries aren't
             | doing it.
        
           | kspacewalk2 wrote:
           | The exact same logic applies to nuclear weapons. How many
           | lives have they saved by being a credible deterrent over the
           | decades? Every country should be allowed to possess them, or
           | else none should. I'm not even sure if the latter is
           | desirable (it'll lead to millions of deaths in conventional
           | warfare), but it doesn't matter, since it is completely
           | impossible (the tech exists, so it _will_ be used,
           | invariably). We 're left with only one logical option.
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | Then let's declassify all nuclear weapon designs and allow
             | everyone to build a lot of them.
             | 
             | Furthermore, let's create economic programs to build a
             | baseline nuclear arsenal in every country. That'll prevent
             | a lot of wars.
             | 
             | Some countries will object to that. Why?
             | 
             | Isn't everlasting peace much better?
             | 
             | Edit: Do I need to point out that I'm not writing these
             | comments in support of war, but with a desire to spark a
             | thoughtful conversation?
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | the problem with nukes everywhere is one is going to get
               | stolen or sold and used.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | MAD works because both sides have something to lose. If
               | you give a nuke to Osama bin Laden, he uses it.
               | 
               | At the same time, I feel like there's still something
               | there. Having nuclear weapons makes existing states much
               | more resistant to opposition. Other states can't topple
               | them in the traditional way because of MAD.
               | 
               | But neither can local freedom fighters -- suppose pro-
               | democracy forces took three major cities in China and
               | started using them as an industrial base to wage a
               | conventional war against the regime. The US and anyone
               | else couldn't really help them the way France did the
               | nascent American Revolution, because of MAD. And if they
               | actually started winning regardless, couldn't the dying
               | regime nuke the rebel cities?
               | 
               | If we don't want people to live under permanent
               | authoritarianism, maybe we still need something to level
               | the playing field.
               | 
               | Though it doesn't necessarily have to be nukes;
               | establishing uncensorable distributed communications
               | comes to mind as an anti-authoritarian power. The fact
               | that Western countries aren't spending billions to
               | comprehensively subvert the Great Firewall is a
               | significant strategic failure.
        
               | tgragnato wrote:
               | > The fact that Western countries aren't spending
               | billions to comprehensively subvert the Great Firewall is
               | a significant strategic failure.
               | 
               | I have strong opinions in this matter.
               | 
               | The GFW is only possible because of metadata leaks that
               | Western countries are exploiting too, for security and
               | surveillance, or whatever.
               | 
               | Suppose Western countries start investing billions in
               | subverting the Golden Shield, our own infrastructure and
               | economy would suffer too.
               | 
               | A very naive but simple example:
               | 
               | I tried to train https://github.com/Kkevsterrr/geneva
               | against a CheckPoint and a Fortinet ... It's not been fun
               | for those "next gen firewalls", and CheckPoint is a
               | NASDAQ-100, Fortinet an S&P 500.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | No, that's not logical at all. When ISIS creates its own
             | state in some fragment of Syria, I don't want them to have
             | nukes because unlike Russia or Israel, they don't really
             | care if they get destroyed thus MAD as a deterrent doesn't
             | work.
        
             | jariel wrote:
             | The nuclear question work entirely against your argument,
             | and illustrates the naivte of the 'everyone or nobody'
             | concept as totally unworkable.
             | 
             | 'Nukes bring peace' mostly only if they are in the hands of
             | a few major, stable powers, otherwise, nuclear
             | proliferation probably is very bad.
             | 
             | These kinds of moral absolutions, i.e. projecting 'rights'
             | into nations etc. (either we all have the right or nobody
             | does) are pragmatically irrational.
             | 
             | Every nation is different, in a different set of
             | circumstances, there's always some degree of moral
             | relativism, but there's some degree of objectivity as well.
             | 
             | We have to balance the forces to figure out what to do in a
             | complex world, and the rules may not always be so cut and
             | dry.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | gadders wrote:
           | Do you think the Chinese Communist Government is morally
           | equivalent to the US government?
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | From the viewpoint of which country and under which
             | definition of morality?
        
               | psyc wrote:
               | Yours. Hence, "Do you think..."
        
               | gadders wrote:
               | Yeah, moral relativism isn't really a thing.
        
             | FpUser wrote:
             | You can have "good democratic" country on a block and "bad
             | authoritarian". If the good one commits murder it is still
             | a fucking murder and hiding under "we are the good guys"
             | umbrella is not going to help the cause. You either behave
             | accordingly to standard or forget calling yourself "good
             | guys". The fact that country X treats its own citizens
             | better then country Y is irrelevant here.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | Yes, they are equivalent. The USG is somewhat nicer inside
             | of its borders if you're not poor or exposed to crime, but
             | is directly or closely responsible for over ten million
             | deaths abroad, and nothing China has done in living memory
             | abroad comes close to that amount of death, while
             | domestically it is responsible for a lot of death but still
             | maintained a death rate due to economic matters lower to
             | similar countries. Morally, they are more or less
             | equivalent.
             | 
             | Of course, this doesn't matter, neither of them care about
             | being good guys, they just want to appear that way to
             | accumulate power.
        
               | gadders wrote:
               | >>The USG is somewhat nicer inside of its borders if
               | you're not poor or exposed to crime, but is directly or
               | closely responsible for over ten million deaths abroad,
               | and nothing China has done in living memory abroad comes
               | close to that amount of death,
               | 
               | LOL. You obviously have never heard of the Cultural
               | Revolution:
               | 
               | "Mao launched more than a dozen campaigns during his
               | rule, which began when he founded Communist China in 1949
               | and ended with his death in 1976. Some are well known
               | while others, such as a bloody campaign to "purify class
               | ranks" in the late 1960s, which involved army units, have
               | received little publicity.
               | 
               | While most scholars are reluctant to estimate a total
               | number of "unnatural deaths" in China under Mao, evidence
               | shows he was in some way responsible for at least 40
               | million deaths and perhaps 80 million or more. This
               | includes deaths he was directly responsible for and
               | deaths resulting from disastrous policies he refused to
               | change."
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | Around 500k to 2 million people died during the Cultural
               | revolution.
               | 
               | As far as the Great Leap Forwards, despite causing a
               | great amount of death and suffering, life expectancy
               | still increased during that period and the death rate in
               | China during any 5 year period of Mao's reign was lower
               | than countries that were comparable when he took power
               | (India, Bangladesh, etc...).
               | 
               | All in all, the amount of death and suffering inside of
               | China's borders during Mao wasn't any higher than it
               | would have been if China had been ruled by a liberal
               | democratic state. The reason for this is that by far the
               | worst killer in those economic conditions is lack of
               | access to healthcare bar none, and despite causing a
               | famine, the improvements to access to basic healthcare as
               | well as infrastructure during the Mao area more than
               | compensated.
               | 
               | But that's if your only metric is death rate - in which
               | case, yes, China did better than its peers. If you have a
               | different metric that also considers freedom and rights
               | and so on as I suspect you did, then one can't come to a
               | conclusion so easily, so I err on the side of pessimism.
               | 
               | That said, if you only consider unnatural deaths and
               | chalk up deaths due to poverty as natural, you will
               | always find a bias against countries with higher state
               | involvement because you'd be able to state that their
               | poverty deaths due to state involvement are unnatural
               | while those in market economies are purely natural,
               | that's why it's important to consider only raw death
               | rates between two cases with similar start points and
               | conditions.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4331212/
               | 
               | [1] https://www.wolframalpha.com/share/clip?f=d41d8cd98f0
               | 0b204e9...
        
           | Barrin92 wrote:
           | no, that's terrible, and also stupid. It's terrible because
           | bad behaviour by one actor isn't an excuse to act in the same
           | way. My neighbour steals thus I'm going to steal is morally
           | bankrupt.
           | 
           | Secondly, from the point of view of the US it's also stupid.
           | The US enjoys influence in the world because it propagates a
           | rule-based order, not because it exploits everyone it can get
           | its hands on. That would rapidly lead to a breakdown of trust
           | and in this case result in every country trying to displace
           | American technology from its markets. Which the EU say, could
           | theoretically do.
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | > no, that's terrible, and also stupid...
             | 
             | Please read my other comments below (discussion with
             | geofft). This is not the idea I suggest. In fact, it's the
             | exact opposite.
             | 
             | > Secondly, from the point of view of the US it's also
             | stupid.
             | 
             | My comment contains no countries and/or adjectives
             | intentionally. It's neither about US or adjectives attached
             | to US. I'm talking at a meta sense.
             | 
             | Again, please see my comments down the thread. This is not
             | what I tried to say.
             | 
             | The core of the whole discussion is here [0].
             | 
             | [0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26592112
        
           | geofft wrote:
           | To be clear, by "X" you mean "amoral" and "y" you mean
           | "moral"?
           | 
           | I think it not only acceptable but _incumbent_ to hold
           | yourself to a higher standard of behavior than the lowest
           | common denominator.  "An eye for an eye will make the whole
           | world blind."
           | 
           | (There's also a practical reason: China is much more
           | effective at their approach than the US is, being much more
           | experienced at it and also having stifled internal debate
           | about it. If the US gives up its claim of being a morally
           | superior employer than China, why would anyone skilled want
           | to keep working for what will inevitably be the losing team?)
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | > To be clear, by "X" you mean "amoral" and "y" you mean
             | "moral"?
             | 
             | It can be anything. It's intentionally X & Y, not X & !X or
             | a more concrete word. Put whatever you fancy. Democratic,
             | White, Sunny, Oreo...
             | 
             | I don't take sides or make a suggestion. I do not suggest
             | that we should go to the lowest denominator but, we shall
             | aim for much higher. OTOH, entropy loves lowest common
             | denominator and drives everything down. Lowest prices in
             | cost of quality. Chaos for minimizing energy, etc. We're
             | trying to reverse natural chaos in many areas and it's
             | worth it IMHO, btw.
             | 
             | For the same reason there are no country names in my
             | comment. Fill the ones you want. My comment implies
             | nothing. It's the readers' bias which puts
             | USA/Russia/China/Moral/Ethical/Democratic/Totalitarian.
             | 
             | I see a lot of polarization in the world and everyone is
             | claiming to be the good guys. We can improve when we accept
             | that we're _only guys_ and work upwards from there.
        
               | geofft wrote:
               | Your comment is in reply to a comment about China, which
               | is why I referenced China. (But if you wish to say your
               | point is abstract, then my comment also applies equally
               | well in any direction - I don't think China should use
               | the US's misdeeds, which are plentiful, as justification
               | for their misdeeds either!)
               | 
               | I am unconvinced that abandoning the attempt to be the
               | good guys will lead people to be good. I believe it will
               | only allow people to be bad guys without feeling bad
               | about it. While claims to be moral have of course been
               | used by many bad guys through history, the correct
               | response is to argue convincingly that they're immoral,
               | not to give up the idea that morality is a worthwhile
               | standard.
               | 
               | Or, in other words, I believe morality is qualitatively
               | different from any of those other categories you list. If
               | a store chooses to sell Chips Ahoy instead of Oreos,
               | that's just a question of taste; if a store chooses to
               | sell cookies filled with razor blades and arsenic instead
               | of Oreos, that's a different matter entirely, and we are
               | not obligated to accept it because we've accepted that
               | stores can sell Chips Ahoy.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | The comment wasn't about China when I first wrote it. It
               | expanded a lot in 1-2 edits. In all honesty, I didn't
               | plant any implicit meaning into my comment.
               | 
               | I'm not suggesting abandoning the intention of being _the
               | good guy_. Instead, I suggest to stop using it as a
               | shield or plausibility cover for misdeeds. Instead I
               | suggest the viewpoint of  "Hey, we're trying to be good,
               | but we fail sometimes. Let's accept it and collectively
               | try to construct a better good, which is fair and equal
               | to everyone, as much as possible." I think this is
               | workable and can be iterated upon to make a better world
               | (I know it's _very hard_ , but it's not _impossible_ ).
               | 
               | Morality and ethics is universal. They're hugely
               | important values to build upon, but interpreting them
               | according to one's desires or in a subjective light,
               | without empathy, makes them hollow. Again, a lot of
               | misdeeds can be conducted by abusing these very important
               | values.
               | 
               | I deliberately don't give any examples, because the
               | examples may derail the conversation and take the
               | spotlight to the examples themselves. All possible
               | examples and evaluation of them is left to the reader,
               | _as a multi-faceted mental exercise_.
               | 
               | Hope this clears my intentions a bit.
        
               | geofft wrote:
               | All right, that's fair - I think that approach leads to
               | something like like, country A should not do morally-
               | questionable action M, nor should country B, and if
               | country A chooses to do it anyway, this shouldn't justify
               | country B saying "Well why can't we" - country B should
               | stick to its position and criticize country A. I'd agree
               | with that.
               | 
               | (I originally read your comment as saying that it is
               | unfair for country B to be enjoined from action M if
               | country A is engaging in it, and I think other commenters
               | did too. I do absolutely agree with the goal of
               | collectively constructing a better good in a fair and
               | equal way, holding everyone to that standard, and
               | expecting that people will fail but it's worth trying to
               | meet that standard nonetheless.)
        
           | fwn wrote:
           | No, I don't think that's practical.
           | 
           | Standards like transparency, rule of law and a clear
           | separation between corporations and the government should be
           | uphold completely independent from the fact that this isn't
           | done exactly as rigorous everywhere on the planet.
           | 
           | It's a relatively new (and IMO flawed) idea that western
           | democracies should corrupt themselves just because non-
           | democracies exist.
           | 
           | I think it's rooted in insecurity over the long term
           | superiority of democratic institutions. This might lead to
           | western democracy being perceived as something you do not
           | because it's strengthening the country but because you want
           | people to enjoy it as a luxury as long as the country can
           | afford it.
           | 
           | I think that's wrong and will surely be out of fashion as
           | soon as more prominent autocratic regimes fail to deliver as
           | consistently as they currently do.
        
             | bigbillheck wrote:
             | > relatively new ... idea
             | 
             | The ghost of Henry Stimson would disagree.
        
             | jariel wrote:
             | It's not 'corrupt' to spy on other nations and it's not
             | 'corrupt' to facilitate it.
             | 
             | It's not rooted in 'insecurity of the belief in a style of
             | government' it's rooted in basic security measures. Western
             | nations spy on other nations as a matter of national
             | security policy much like they invest in early-warning
             | satellites.
             | 
             | The 'corruption' stems from the type of authority that
             | drives the activity, their motivations, and what they do
             | with the power.
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | When spying on and manipulating other countries takes
               | priority over protecting everyone including yourselves,
               | that is indeed corrupt or twisted or whatever word you
               | want to use.
               | 
               | Fixing a software bug or vulnerability is unequivocally
               | good, and the sooner the better, regardless of who thinks
               | they need that bug to make their global manipulations a
               | little easier. The realpolitik BS is just too easy of an
               | excuse for any monstrosity, and the blowback is always
               | worse than the immediate problem.
        
               | jariel wrote:
               | It's not 'unequivocal' though - we don't have enough
               | information to say that. You have to know what the
               | vulnerability is, how it's exploited and what the
               | consequences are.
               | 
               | While I don't doubt that in reality, erring on the side
               | of closing it is probably the right thing to do, the fact
               | is we don't know.
               | 
               | If the vulnerability is being used to thwart a rogue
               | entity from developing nuclear weapons, the balance of
               | facts may be on the other side. At very least, Google
               | should have worked with agencies on getting it closed
               | down.
               | 
               | If they were using it to make a drug bust, when then who
               | cares, shut it down.
        
               | chopin wrote:
               | > If the vulnerability is being used to thwart a rogue
               | entity from developing nuclear weapons, the balance of
               | facts may be on the other side. At very least, Google
               | should have worked with agencies on getting it closed
               | down.
               | 
               | The rogue entities on this planet already have nuclear
               | weapons (and no, I am not talking of North Korea). A
               | widely overlooked fact is that the nuclear non-
               | proliferation treaty obliges the nations with nuclear
               | weapons to get rid of them[0]. This part of the treaty
               | has never been uphold.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Non-
               | Proliferatio...
        
               | jariel wrote:
               | This is a misrepresentation.
               | 
               | There are no 'rogue entities' with nukes outside of N.
               | Korea unless you consider Pakistan to be 'rogue', or,
               | their benefactors, Saudi Arabia who undoubtedly have
               | access to the tech the moment they need it to be ... but
               | they are not 'rogue', or rather, the action would be
               | widely condemned but a different story altogether.
               | 
               | Iran, would be a 'rogue nation' trying to get nukes,
               | which they have signalled they are trying to do.
               | 
               | A wayward state or quasi-independent province in the
               | Caucuses, the M/E or Africa would be that as well. Or of
               | course some legit terrorist group.
               | 
               | And it would have nothing really to do with non-
               | proliferation obviously.
               | 
               | If the US was trying to thwart Iran from getting nuclear
               | weapons through some back door, then it frankly would be
               | in Google's best interests to help.
               | 
               | The notion that large corporate entities can exist in a
               | geopolitical context and yet somehow ignore it at the
               | same time is nonsensical. Once you are 'Google Scale'
               | your piece is on the table and you have to play.
               | 
               | Edit: to put another way - Google's very existence is
               | protected and enabled by the US Economic and Geopolitical
               | situation in a tangible way. It's not abstract at that
               | level, like it would be for a small company.
               | 
               | Remember how we thought of US Army in Iraq as 'Exxon's
               | Army'?
               | 
               | Well it's 'Google's Army' now ...
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | Not reporting vulnerabilities used by a friendly government is
         | a backdoor backdoor.
        
         | kritiko wrote:
         | TFA - "democratic" hacking is good: "How one treats
         | intelligence activity or law enforcement activity driven under
         | democratic oversight within a lawfully elected representative
         | government is very different from that of an authoritarian
         | regime."
        
           | Fuzzy_Logic wrote:
           | The CIA has a history of spying on Congress[0], overthrowing
           | democratic governments [1], among a long list of nefarious
           | activities I would not consider proper "democratic hacking."
           | [2]
           | 
           | How is obligating big tech to cooperate with Western
           | intelligence agencies a positive move for democracies?
           | 
           | [0] https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/12/a-br
           | ief... [1]
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27etat [2]
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CIA_controversies
        
             | kritiko wrote:
             | I'm quite skeptical of the viewpoint in this article - just
             | answering the question from the parent comment of "would
             | China be justified in exploiting Huawei?"
             | 
             | The distinction that this article makes is that our
             | clandestine operations have "democratic oversight." To be
             | clear, I think the author would say that they are
             | attempting journalistic neutrality, but they're giving
             | considerable space to the argument that democratic
             | clandestine services deserve a different standard.
        
         | padraic7a wrote:
         | It really feels like we're heading into or at least towards a
         | new Cold War, with the U.S. and allies on one side and anyone
         | they consider to be a threat on the other.
         | 
         | Both 'sides' will (and really already are) marshal private
         | sector tech, media and social media companies.
         | 
         | non-aligned countries would do best to develop their own tech
         | and media infrastructure because they won't be able to trust
         | anything else.
         | 
         | I think slide into a Cold War could be slowed down by people
         | working in those companies having and enforcing ethical and
         | professional standards. In a case like this one it would mean
         | blocking any hacking attempts that you can, irrespective of
         | where they come from.
         | 
         | For social media companies it would mean devising rules about
         | what content you will and won't allow and enforcing those
         | standards whether the posters are from Russia, Arizona or
         | Afghanistan.
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | > non-aligned countries would do best to develop their own
           | tech and media infrastructure because they won't be able to
           | trust anything else.
           | 
           | Better than "their own" -- develop free and open source
           | software that will do it even in the participating countries.
           | Which their people can trust because they can see and modify
           | the code, rather than having to trust you, a foreign power.
           | 
           | That subverts the domestic propaganda machine there by
           | allowing the people of the participating nations to talk
           | directly to one another without being intermediated by a
           | partisan spreading propaganda and imposing censorship.
        
             | padraic7a wrote:
             | Yeah that's an interesting idea.
             | 
             | There are a couple of issues with it though.
             | 
             | Let's think about Signal, Twitter, Facebook and Tor.
             | 
             | The US government is putting increasing pressure on social
             | media companies like Twitter and Facebook to shape their
             | content.
             | 
             | US government funded open source projects like Signal and
             | Tor allow for the spread of US shaped social media in
             | countries that want to limit it.
             | 
             | So the propaganda machine thrives , it's just that it's the
             | US one.
             | 
             | (note I like and use Signal and Tor, an against censorship
             | in China. This is just one aspect of a set of complex
             | relationships. Etc etc)
        
           | ganoushoreilly wrote:
           | We've been in an electronic / cyber cold war for 20 years+.
           | The fact that it's leaked out more is related to the
           | continued growth and dependence on the internet as a whole.
           | 
           | This isn't going to happen, it's already happening and there
           | are plenty of public examples of it.
        
         | bhouston wrote:
         | It doesn't say "US government", it says "the hackers in
         | question were working for a US ally", which makes it even more
         | complex.
         | 
         | It was likely if it was counterterrorism this is about a
         | Middle-Eastern ally, such Israel or Saudi Arabia?
         | 
         | Neither of these are always US allies, only sometimes.
        
           | egwor wrote:
           | I think you made a jump there. This could equally be one of
           | the other in the Five Eyes group e.g. Canada, Uk, Australia,
           | NZ.
        
             | cycomanic wrote:
             | Well and for all the "legal oversight" much of the five
             | eyes operations seems to have been designed around economic
             | advantages, circumventing the rules about spying on your
             | own citizens (it's not us who is doing the spying, it's the
             | Australians). So I'm not sure if it being a five eyes
             | operation makes it better or worse.
        
             | finiteseries wrote:
             | Denmark, the Netherlands, France, and Germany are also all
             | well equipped for this sort of thing and are as close of
             | allies as you can get outside Five Eyes (DK/NL especially).
             | 
             | The Dutch were the ones who originally warned of
             | interference in the 2016 election IIRC and had access to
             | Cozy Bear for a while before that.
        
           | dirtyid wrote:
           | More likely domestic counter terrorisms under FVEY. I don't
           | know about Google, FB has called out Israeli and Saudi
           | influence before. I imagine only Anglo countries gets default
           | hush hush privileges.
        
         | stjohnswarts wrote:
         | Anyone who doesn't realize that the US government can rifle
         | through Google's data on a whim (aka secret warrant via Patriot
         | Act) is an idiot. That said they aren't direct intelligence
         | agency like a lot of Chinese corporations. The US government
         | doesn't have real time access to every bit of data that google
         | has, but they are only one rubber stamp away from it. If you
         | keep data on google encrypt it before you upload it.
        
       | tremon wrote:
       | _" How one treats intelligence activity or law enforcement
       | activity driven under democratic oversight within a lawfully
       | elected representative government is very different from that of
       | an authoritarian regime."_
       | 
       | From a systems security standpoint, no. This is the same kind of
       | idealistic naivety that causes the FBI to advocate for weak
       | encryption, or senators to call for "security only breakable by
       | us, because we're the good guys".
        
         | kstenerud wrote:
         | Also: "But while protecting customers from attack is important,
         | some argue that counter-terrorism operations are different,
         | with potentially life and death consequences that go beyond
         | day-to-day internet security."
         | 
         | Which is great in theory, but raises the question of _how_ you
         | identify friend or foe. Since they do it indirectly by
         | "hallmarks" of the organization, all a skilled adversary has to
         | do is camouflage their code to look like it's from a friendly,
         | and then enjoy flying under the radar.
        
           | xoa wrote:
           | I think that line was actually a lot worse than that, in
           | particular:
           | 
           | > _" with potentially life and death consequences that go
           | beyond day-to-day internet security."_
           | 
           | So this is setting up "counter-terrorism" as some sort of
           | special thing far beyond "day-to-day internet security". But
           | the whole problem is that day-to-day internet security
           | absolutely can involve life-safety issues. Lots of vital
           | infrastructure SCADA is on the internet and ludicrously
           | exploitable. Internet monitoring is now used for all sorts of
           | medical scenarios as well. Even in business settings like
           | hospitals we've seen ransomware and the like cause major
           | damage, but lots of individuals make use of internet devices
           | to empower their ability to have the elderly stay at home
           | longer for example, monitoring for falls or other issues. And
           | even with "just" finance, if someone's small business is
           | destroyed and everyone laid off, that can cause plenty of
           | dangerous ripples.
           | 
           | If anything, I'd say terrorism is near the bottom of my list
           | of threats to my own life and those close to me, right along
           | lightning strikes. Sure, they do happen, and taking some
           | basic transparent precautions is reasonable. But it gets lots
           | of attention precisely because it's rare. Like, the entire
           | point of it is right there in the name, to terrorize people
           | into doing damage to themselves that the attacker could never
           | manage alone. Terrorism is an expression of weakness, not
           | strength.
        
             | 1337shadow wrote:
             | Makes sense, even though not easy to ear for everyone,
             | especially the last part: is it "an expression of weakness"
             | that took my son from me? Terrorism is an expression of
             | mercilessness, aggressiveness, bloodlustness, anything but
             | "weakness", please, there is no place for weakness in
             | terrorism.
        
         | lenkite wrote:
         | Obeying the law is not naivety. Protecting your customers is
         | not naivety. Pass legislation through both houses of the US
         | enforcing such privileged "Government Right to Hack" first
         | before claiming any morality. Of-course that will likely lead
         | to economic collapse as no-one (allies or enemies) will trust
         | US software or services.
        
           | indymike wrote:
           | This is one of the best comments I've read in a long time on
           | HN.
        
         | salimmadjd wrote:
         | FYI, the author's LinkedIn profile [0] in case you're curious
         | how qualified he is.
         | 
         | Am I the only one who doesn't see anything here that tells you
         | why he should be working for MIT Review writing about cyber
         | security?
         | 
         | [0] https://www.linkedin.com/in/howelloneill
        
           | jessaustin wrote:
           | Good catch. He's been a journalist for a few years, but
           | surely the most important year was spent at "Aspen
           | Institute". Nobody can figure out whether it's a pro-war
           | think tank or a PPP loan scam, but they get lots of money
           | from dictatorial "Western allies" (i.e., MbS). It must have
           | been there that he learned to write a whole article littered
           | with "western operations" without once writing "Israel" or
           | "8200".
        
         | adamcstephens wrote:
         | From my viewpoint the oversight given to the intelligence
         | agencies is handled by intelligence friendly members of
         | Congress. They don't seem to let critical people into the
         | committees and if they do they are minor players.
         | 
         | Even still, Clapper felt compelled to lie to their faces. How
         | many others have done the same?
        
         | HenryKissinger wrote:
         | The US government would not hesitate to shut down Google inc.,
         | take over the company, or throw the entire executive team into
         | prison if the company actively interfered with counterterrorist
         | operations.
         | 
         | Google should thread carefully here.
        
           | nickysielicki wrote:
           | The US wouldn't hesitate to come after and make an example of
           | individual developers or small companies.
           | 
           | But Google? Our intelligence agencies are already relatively
           | unpopular (if you can trust the polls) [1]. I'm not sure that
           | the US government could attack Google like that without
           | serious consequences from the public.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2018/02/14/majoriti
           | es-e...
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | While this is absolutely correct, it is also true that the
         | world we live in is not the clean world of Boolean algebra.
         | 
         | The same security flaw that lets "baddies" pwn us, also lets us
         | pwn baddies. The same indefatigable crypto that keeps us safe
         | and makes online _anything_ possible, also lets people conspire
         | in secret to overthrow governments -- heck, I remember reading
         | the idea of onion routing that led to TOR was a U.S. military
         | project to help anti-government activists in China, and even if
         | that was just an urban legend, one team's goodies are another
         | team's baddies.
         | 
         | I don't have any good solutions here.
         | 
         | This is security vs security, and my weak fleshy hardware is
         | vulnerable to exploding things owing to a lack of backup
         | solutions, therefore if my options were perfect security for my
         | body or for my data, right now I would choose my body, even
         | though loss of data has the potential to be catastrophic.
         | 
         | That said, if it were up to me, police investigations would
         | involve a lot more remote sensing tech instead of hacking...
         | but I say that knowing even _that_ isn't a no-downside option,
         | and I know that I am unaware of the full implications of police
         | having the budget and power to spy on targets of their choice.
         | 
         | (I'm also in favour of radical decriminalisation of just about
         | everything that can be decriminalised, because I think
         | omniscient surveillance is unavoidable and I don't want
         | criminals using it to automate blackmail).
        
           | jpadkins wrote:
           | > also lets people conspire in secret to overthrow
           | governments
           | 
           | The USA was founded on this principle, and the framers felt
           | it important enough to enshrine in the 1st and 4th amendment.
           | Some could argue the possibility of citizen overthrow helped
           | keep corruption in check for the first 200 years (but
           | probably no longer).
           | 
           | I don't think this property is an absolute (in all cases) bad
           | property.
        
           | TomSwirly wrote:
           | > The same security flaw that lets "baddies" pwn us,
           | 
           | You're an American; that makes you the baddies. Whether it's
           | Syria, Libya, Yemen, Iraq, Afghanistan ... Laos, Cambodia,
           | Vietnam..., American troops have run roughshod over the rest
           | of the world for generations.
           | 
           | America is not in charge of the world. It would be a better
           | world if Americans remembered this.
           | 
           | > also lets people conspire in secret to overthrow
           | governments
           | 
           | About that:
           | 
           | http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19960715,00.html
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9ta.
           | ..
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | > You're an American
             | 
             | Not so, but like I said: one team's goodies are another
             | team's baddies.
        
           | IG_Semmelweiss wrote:
           | I think you are correct in that we need to pwn baddies.
           | 
           | But after reading the article i can infer that was not the
           | intent here. Based on the article, it seems like the exploits
           | were found because they (exploits) :
           | 
           | "caught the attention of cybersecurity experts thanks to
           | their scale, sophistication, and speed. "
           | 
           | Notice the word 'scale' in there.
           | 
           | This ops seemed to not be targeting a bunch of guys in a
           | mudhut putting together IEDs.
           | 
           | This was something scalable. With the potential to ensnare
           | hundreds maybe even thousands of people...
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | _The same security flaw that lets "baddies" pwn us, also lets
           | us pwn baddies. The same indefatigable crypto that keeps us
           | safe and makes online anything possible, also lets people
           | conspire in secret to overthrow governments_
           | 
           | On a more personal scale, think about jailbreaks/rooting,
           | DRM, "trusted" computing, and all that other user-hostile
           | stuff. The same crypto is also being used to enslave users
           | and enforce monopolies, in which case the security flaws are
           | a way to regain freedom and control. Leaked information is
           | invaluable for the third-party repair industry. Who's the
           | authoritarian one now...?
           | 
           | The world is definitely not black and white. IMHO,
           | governments being afraid of strong crypto and viewing it as a
           | (defensive) weapon are prescient. Why this fact isn't
           | realised by more of the general population is indeed a real
           | issue.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | That's security vs liberty, not security vs security, and
             | governments (well, the UK at least) don't seem to listen to
             | security vs liberty arguments.
             | 
             | In principle a government can just demand businesses
             | provide users with a "liberty" button that changes the root
             | of all trust in the system. Even if technical reasons mean
             | that button has to be pressed in the factory and its state
             | is read-only forevermore, it is an option. Still secure,
             | more liberal; if it is rootable regardless of this, I'd say
             | it isn't secure, because if a user can break in a hacker
             | probably can too.
        
           | arecurrence wrote:
           | Your last point is a very big deal. I don't believe people
           | fully comprehend how awful the world will be when extortion
           | is global and commonplace. If criminals are not already
           | making extensive use of facial recognition and cellular
           | tracking, they soon will be. It wont be long before there's
           | enough dirt on political candidates that governments will be
           | mired in problems that remain rare today.
           | 
           | We restrict law enforcement from using tools like Clearview
           | for many legitimate reasons but there is no such restriction
           | on crime that often involves the same reasons. Even something
           | innocuous such as being in the vicinity of a certain area at
           | a certain time coupled with better deep fakes will create
           | headlines or fabricate evidence to sideline business deals.
           | 
           | I suspect we will be forced to move towards a world where
           | people increasingly get a free pass for past behaviour and
           | many crimes will simply have to be decriminalized for society
           | to function. We are beginning to see push back for many whose
           | careers have been ruined by so little as an errant comment
           | and I expect change to spread from that.
        
           | neves wrote:
           | For a lot of countries in the world, "the baddies" are the
           | USA Gov. Here is a big list of countries that suffered under
           | USA intervention: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States
           | _involvement_in_r...
           | 
           | A lot of them were democracies.
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | While this is accurate it doesn't do anything to address to
             | actual point being made.
        
             | refulgentis wrote:
             | n.b. for fellow readers: link is Wikipedia article called
             | "United States involvement in regime change" - OP's
             | implication every country involved is worse off for it is
             | the usual surface-level analysis that's easy to make
             | context-free, decades later, from the West - ex. I'm rather
             | proud for the US being involved in regime change in most of
             | these cases, and OP is too
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | So, which ones were better off?
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | Japan, Germany, Italy, France, Belgium...alas that's all
               | I can remember from the one screenful I grabbed! I
               | continue to believe it was a mistake to breezily link to
               | Wikipedia and conflate those experiences with genuine
               | harm :)
        
               | lifeformed wrote:
               | Easy to cherry pick WW2, which is pretty different from
               | CIA secret ops overthrowing democracies and installing
               | fascist dictators.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | Agreed!
               | 
               | It is rather unfair to describe me as cherry-picking,
               | however: every comment I've made firmly notes that
               | posting an extremely broad Wikipedia article was flippant
               | and dismissive of _actual_ atrocities. Asking for
               | examples of the article being overly broad, then
               | dismissing the examples as cherry-picking, is blinkered.
        
               | lucian1900 wrote:
               | Ask some of us from victim countries. You'll find no one
               | praising the interventions the US made for the profit of
               | its ruling class.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | Conflating your experience as one of the countries on
               | that list, deeply, genuinely, hurt, with others such as
               | Nazi Germany, genocidal Japan, etc. does an extreme
               | disservice to your experience. You don't need to defend a
               | lazy link to a Wikipedia article to defend your story :)
        
               | monkey_monkey wrote:
               | Putting s smiley at the end of that patronising paragraph
               | reveals a lot about you and your motives.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | Does dismissing the humanity of the person you're
               | engaging with, based solely on a smiley, reveal anything
               | about your motives?
               | 
               | Historically, HN avoids this kind of personality-focused
               | commenting, particularly when it involves telling other
               | people what they're thinking.
               | 
               | I, among others sympathetic to your care for other people
               | and the impact of US regime change, would appreciate it
               | if you would try the same. If you feel comparing, say,
               | atrocities in Vietnam like My Lai to defeating Nazi
               | Germany is justified, you're free to make that argument,
               | and I won't try to divine your motives or politics in
               | doing so.
               | 
               | You don't need to make up reasons to other me for holding
               | there's a huge gap between US regime change in Germany
               | and Vietnam, and that it is at best lazy and at worst
               | erasure to do so. On HN, the quality of moderation &
               | discussion is such that it can move at a more principled
               | pace than Twitter.
        
             | diegof79 wrote:
             | Even that list is not exhaustive as it excludes indirect
             | involvement. For example it mentions Operation Condor in
             | Latin America but excludes other countries affected by it
             | (e.g. there is no mention of the US involvement in
             | Argentina's Dirty War of the 76:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirty_War)
        
             | umvi wrote:
             | Name a country whose government isn't "the baddies" to
             | other people and countries?
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | eqvinox wrote:
           | > I don't have any good solutions here.
           | 
           | The solution is for state actors to move their resources from
           | offense to defense. Imagine half of the NSA budget going into
           | auditing software, both closed source and open source. (They
           | already do that, but AFAIK nowhere near half.)
           | 
           | There is a quite clear and simple line here: the people
           | breaking security for any purpose other than fixing security
           | problems are the "baddies", and the people defending systems
           | are the "goodies".
           | 
           | If some intelligence service decides they want to covertly
           | exploit security issues, they have made their choice to be
           | "baddies" and should be treated as such.
           | 
           | (Coincidentally, this narrative of "XYZ got hacked by ABC
           | hackers, bad ABC!" needs to change to "XYZ got hacked, bad IT
           | sec at XYZ!" - it's your choice to plug your shit into the
           | internet, and your responsibility to make sure you don't get
           | 0wned.)
        
             | bostonsre wrote:
             | Only playing defense won't work for nation states due to
             | similar thought processes of mutually assured destruction.
             | If you're enemy has a bigger and scarier gun, it puts you
             | at a disadvantage in geo politics.
             | 
             | Also, I'm not sure the clear line is that clear. There will
             | almost always be a tipping point for people for this type
             | of scenario. If the hacking operation that was exposed
             | would have prevented an attack that kills 1 person, was it
             | still OK to expose? 100 people? 10,000? It's almost
             | impossible to know what the exposure cost will be but if
             | people die due to it and it becomes known, some people will
             | rethink what the "right" thing to do was.
             | 
             | This type of stuff seems like it should be decided by
             | elected representatives and not by some team of coders that
             | work for some for profit company. It seems possible to me
             | that the decision they made was based purely on what was
             | best for Google.
             | 
             | I think we as tech workers need to acknowledge and
             | understand the viewpoints contrary to ours and try to
             | compromise with those on the other side. This type of issue
             | is complex and I think we really need to acknowledge that
             | there is no easy "right" solution to something like this.
             | Blind idealism on both sides of the issue won't be good for
             | either side or for society in general. We as tech workers
             | are not infallible and we don't deserve to dictate rules to
             | society just because we know how to write code.
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | I really don't think the issue is complex. The whole what
               | if 1 person dies, 100 people, 10,000 is a red herring.
               | Also whom should we trust with saying this many people
               | would do if it gets exposed the IC? Just look at the NSA
               | list of how FISA protects the US [1], that's the
               | justification for the biggest spying operation in human
               | history aimed not only at foreign agents but also allied
               | governments, their own citizens etc..
               | 
               | It's funny that it's being used as an argument for why
               | 702 is good, because considering the scale of the
               | operation it's almost laughable. Even more, how many of
               | those points would have been exposed by old fashioned
               | spying.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.nsa.gov/News-Features/Feature-
               | Stories/Article-Vi...
        
               | eqvinox wrote:
               | > [...] mutually assured destruction [...]
               | 
               | But that's exactly what this is _not_. Every big and
               | scary gun the enemy might have is also a big and scary
               | vulnerability that you could fix. While it 's infeasible
               | to have "perfect" security, you can absolutely make the
               | enemy's offensive tools useless.
               | 
               | It's especially bad since when working offensively,
               | you're incentivized to not fix issues. That might be OK
               | for black hats & nations with "questionable" ethics, but
               | how is this a thing in any democratic country? When state
               | agencies are sitting on exploits and purposely not
               | working to get them fixed, that's IMHO a kind of treason
               | on your own country. It's leaving entry points open for
               | others to find. And anything _you_ can find, _they_ can
               | find too.
               | 
               | > Also, I'm not sure the clear line is that clear. [...]
               | prevented an attack that kills 1 person, was it still OK
               | to expose? 100 people? 10,000? [...]
               | 
               | The line is clear, because that attack that the "goodie"
               | western hackers couldn't execute, and possibly resulted
               | in deaths, might as well be an attack that the "baddie"
               | hackers couldn't execute, resulting in people surviving.
               | 
               | Systems are generally designed such that working
               | correctly is the intended best state (even for weapons
               | support systems.) More work going towards keeping systems
               | within their design parameters (i.e. not hacked) should
               | be the best way to save lives. Even if we're talking
               | about some terrorist building a computerized IED, there
               | are likely systems whose correct functioning can help
               | save lives - maybe some chemical detectors at an airport,
               | or first responder management systems, etc.
               | 
               | It's also the only line that can be drawn on an objective
               | standard. Regardless of whether you're the USA, EU,
               | China, or North Korea - "systems functioning correctly to
               | their design" is an universal standard. Do you think
               | North Korea cares about any life that isn't their bonzo
               | supreme leader?
        
               | bostonsre wrote:
               | > While it's infeasible to have "perfect" security, you
               | can absolutely make the enemy's offensive tools useless.
               | 
               | This seems contradictory. If its not possible to have
               | perfect security, how are you supposed to make your
               | enemy's offensive tools useless?
               | 
               | > It's especially bad since when working offensively,
               | you're incentivized to not fix issues. That might be OK
               | for black hats & nations with "questionable" ethics, but
               | how is this a thing in any democratic country? When state
               | agencies are sitting on exploits and purposely not
               | working to get them fixed, that's IMHO a kind of treason
               | on your own country. It's leaving entry points open for
               | others to find. And anything you can find, they can find
               | too.
               | 
               | Yes, it is an extremely gray area that is tough to find
               | an easy answer to. Whatever ideals you want to stick to,
               | the fact is the other side more likely than not will not
               | play by your ideal/"right" rules. It seems like China and
               | Russia have no plans on slowing down pilfering
               | intellectual property and causing chaos in the US. Is it
               | really a good idea for the US to throw down all offensive
               | cyber weapons for some ideal? That would only encourage
               | China and Russia to act worse knowing that they don't
               | have to worry about repercussions from their actions.
               | 
               | > The line is clear, because that attack that the
               | "goodie" western hackers couldn't execute, and possibly
               | resulted in deaths, might as well be an attack that the
               | "baddie" hackers couldn't execute, resulting in people
               | surviving.
               | 
               | In this case, the article was about google exposing a
               | hacking operation of a government that was trying to
               | prevent terrorism. If the terrorists are able to kill
               | people due to this government operation being shutdown
               | are you saying that it was better for google to have
               | exposed it just because security flaws are bad and should
               | be fixed? It isn't possible to know for sure which side
               | is "right" in this situation. If the operation would have
               | prevented deaths with no collateral deaths on the other
               | side, how can anyone say that preventing some bits on
               | computers being moved in unexpected ways is better than
               | having people die?
               | 
               | > Even if we're talking about some terrorist building a
               | computerized IED, there are likely systems whose correct
               | functioning can help save lives - maybe some chemical
               | detectors at an airport, or first responder management
               | systems, etc.
               | 
               | > It's also the only line that can be drawn on an
               | objective standard. Regardless of whether you're the USA,
               | EU, China, or North Korea - "systems functioning
               | correctly to their design" is an universal standard.
               | 
               | Clean, well designed and secure systems are nice and all
               | but I don't a large majority of non-tech workers will
               | agree that this standard trumps every other consideration
               | when it comes to a functioning society. It doesn't seem
               | fair that some tech workers like clean design and they
               | deserve to dictate what is right and wrong in society.
        
               | eqvinox wrote:
               | I thought about replying in more depth, but your last
               | line is just... weird.
               | 
               | > Clean, well designed and secure systems are nice and
               | all but I don't a large majority of non-tech workers will
               | agree that this standard trumps every other consideration
               | when it comes to a functioning society. It doesn't seem
               | fair that some tech workers like clean design and they
               | deserve to dictate what is right and wrong in society.
               | 
               | I didn't say "clean". I said "functioning correctly to
               | their design". I'm willing to wager a "large majority of
               | non-tech workers" would agree that things are preferably
               | _working_ rather than broken.
               | 
               | Twisting a statement like that is very much in the domain
               | of Eristic Dialectic. Please try to reduce your usage of
               | such tools.
        
               | pm90 wrote:
               | You make some really good points. Encryption advocates
               | aren't just pursuing some vague ideal though. The case
               | they're making is just that deliberately weakening
               | encryption for one party weakens it for everyone.
               | 
               | In these discussions we should also distinguish between
               | attacks by nation states and those by non state actors.
               | It seems the argument for weakening encryption is mostly
               | to catch or prevent illegal activities by non state
               | actors who likely lack the sophistication to understand
               | weak encryption fully. State actors would almost
               | certainly know and avoid using weak encryption.
               | 
               | But it gets more interesting. Law enforcement is a
               | perennial cat and mouse game. You catch today's criminals
               | harnessing weak encryption, the next generation of
               | baddies will get smarter. The end result is weak
               | encryption for everyone, without really helping society
               | except to maybe catch the "current generation of
               | baddies". Advocates for strong encryption point out that
               | this is an extremely short term and stupid thinking that
               | destroys the protection offered by cryptography without
               | really giving us all that much anyway.
        
               | bostonsre wrote:
               | Yes, I completely agree that weakening encryption is an
               | incredibly slippery slope. I don't know what the right
               | answer is. I just know that a lot of people would not be
               | happy with a government that did not do everything in
               | their power to prevent horrible acts from happening.
               | There are bad people in this world that would not think
               | twice about murdering thousands of innocent men, women,
               | and children. To have the government immediately report
               | any vulnerabilities that they find instead of using those
               | findings to do good for their citizens will be a hard
               | pill for most of the population to swallow. It will
               | absolutely have negative consequences when they don't
               | report those vulnerabilities immediately though. For a
               | government to do perfectly well for its population, it
               | would need to stay on the cutting edge of technology and
               | ensure its population has the best security while at the
               | same time staying able to exploit the security of their
               | adversaries. But that would be incredibly hard to do.
               | 
               | On the completely secure systems end of the spectrum, bad
               | people will take advantage of that complete security. You
               | wouldn't have to worry about having your identity stolen,
               | but I don't know how we would prevent bad actors like
               | organized criminals or terrorists from taking advantage
               | of those completely anonymous and secure tools. I'm also
               | not too sure what living in an authoritarian regime with
               | complete security would look like. Maybe dissidents would
               | still have tools to fight the regime or maybe the regime
               | would be better at controlling the population and
               | squashing dissent.
        
             | robomartin wrote:
             | Have you ever played a purely defensive game of chess? Not
             | a perfect analogy, of course, yet a good demonstration that
             | your opponent will eventually get in. You only have to make
             | one mistake and you have nothing to counter with.
             | 
             | In that context (chess) the final evaluation reveals a well
             | executed attack is superior to a defensive stance. I
             | suspect the same is true of espionage and war. In other
             | words, stop them before they have the opportunity to get to
             | your king.
             | 
             | Another hypothetical: Imagine a future event when, for
             | whatever reason, a band of twenty criminals is intent on
             | breaking into one hundred homes in your neighborhood. The
             | twist is: You can't call the police for help. Which
             | decision would lead to securing these homes: Each family
             | stays in their home to defend it or one hundred neighbors
             | join forces to repel them?
        
             | tgragnato wrote:
             | > XYZ got hacked, bad IT sec at XYZ
             | 
             | In this particular case I can't follow this part of the
             | reasoning. It was a counterterrorism operation using
             | sophisticated exploit chains.
             | 
             | Would you clarify what's the bad IT sec? "nobody should use
             | a browser"? https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-37hyk7hERGk/YFDuISGg
             | CNI/AAAAAAAAa...
        
               | eqvinox wrote:
               | I was trying to make an independent point with that
               | "coincidentally ...", sorry if that was a bit unclear. In
               | this case, the takeaway would be "we still don't know how
               | to make secure browsers even though we're trying our
               | darndest." But also, that exploit chain is limited to a
               | single machine; there's still some opportunity to limit
               | damages on a larger scale.
        
               | iforgotpassword wrote:
               | That's a bit extreme, but I find it worrying how the
               | general public seems to have accepted that software just
               | has bugs. Like it's this self conscious thing and nobody
               | is at fault. Prisoners don't get released although they
               | served their sentence? Software fault. People pay more
               | tax thab they should? Software bug! Let's just shrug im
               | confusion about that silly software problems that nobody
               | os possibly responsible for.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Most people understand computers in the same way I
               | "understand" law, the armed forces, and medicine: via
               | Hollywood.
               | 
               | This naturally leads to a chronic gap between the state
               | of reality and belief about the state of reality.
        
           | bohemian99 wrote:
           | Not an urban legend, TOR was built in part by the US Navy and
           | is still funded by the US government today
           | (https://www.torproject.org/about/sponsors/)
        
             | nkozyra wrote:
             | That part is well known, I think the speculative part is
             | its purpose in helping Chinese dissidents.
        
               | beckingz wrote:
               | They never specified Chinese dissidents, but they did
               | intend for it to get used by dissidents. And journalists.
        
           | matheusmoreira wrote:
           | > I don't have any good solutions here.
           | 
           | There shouldn't be any. There is no good or moral way to
           | perfectly control a human population. Anything of the sort
           | inherently degrades the human condition because it requires
           | complete submission to authority. Since humans are
           | corruptible, authorities are also corruptible. Therefore, it
           | is vital that crime and insurrection never become impossible
           | even if only to preserve the threat against authority.
        
         | traceroute66 wrote:
         | @tremon, not only that but the definition of "democracy" is
         | being increasingly stretched by modern politicians. For example
         | many will have something to say about the Trump definition of
         | "democracy" that we saw only just recently in the US. Others
         | might have something to say about the Johnson definition of
         | "democracy" in the UK. Others might not exactly consider Israel
         | a democracy given the way they treat the Palestinians on their
         | doorstep.
         | 
         | People are often all to quick to jump on "democratic country"
         | as if its a simple definition of a country that is beyond
         | reproach. The trouble is that modern politicians spoil that
         | rose-tinted view.
        
           | Tostino wrote:
           | Historic politicians spoiled it as well. Modern ones are by
           | no means short of company.
        
         | baybal2 wrote:
         | So, what exploit did they find, and who was spying on whom?
        
         | dathinab wrote:
         | Yes, especially how do you differentiate?
         | 
         | Also who says a lawfully elected representative government
         | might not:
         | 
         | - act unlawfully, to undermine democracy to make sure they will
         | _stay_ in power.
         | 
         | - act unlawfully for other reasons, there are _many_ such
         | examples in history
         | 
         | - the CCP is also a lawfully elected representative government,
         | because they make the laws so that they are. So you probably
         | mean not "lawfully" but something like "properly"? Also I for
         | example would say a lawfully/properly elected representative
         | government requires that all people can vote and there is real
         | choice about who to vote for. Guess which country has neither?
         | (USA,it removes voting rights from citizens under certain
         | situations and as a winner-takes-all de-facto 2 party system
         | has no real, i.e. no democratic choice when voting. And that is
         | ignoring the fact that the citizens votes can be overuled by a
         | small group of propel, even if they normally don't do so).
        
           | buran77 wrote:
           | Any perspective is usually purely idealistic and strongly
           | influenced by the environment you were educated in. We tend
           | to consider the theoretical aspects of democracy as the
           | golden standard but ignore the practicalities of the
           | implementation.
           | 
           | So as we take the idealistic approach, any hacking campaign
           | lead by Western intelligence agencies or any initiative to
           | weaken encryption are for most people "pure" in intentions,
           | they're anti-terrorism, they're fighting pedophiles. But any
           | enemy doing the same, China, Russia, NK, Iran, etc. are
           | engaging in terrorism, authoritarianism. It's always very
           | black and white because that's how people are educated.
           | 
           | The absolutely overwhelming majority of people are able to go
           | about their lives every day never questioning how they can
           | hold such dissonant opinions in their head simply because
           | they were told "it's ok when we do it, it's bad when they do
           | it".
           | 
           | And as you can see even the "democratic" approach has a
           | chilling effect. The suggestion most people take away from a
           | cursory parsing of the title or article is that Google acted
           | irresponsibly. Imagine the day this point of view becomes
           | prevalent fueled by the typical political campaign populism.
           | Imagine people and companies being put off from touching the
           | topic out of fear that they're branded irresponsible and
           | unwittingly hindering anti-terrorism efforts because they're
           | disclosing problems of general interest.
        
         | jonplackett wrote:
         | Also, with the revelations of Snowden you have to question the
         | 'democratic oversight' part. We have no idea what our
         | governments are up to and whether this is also being used to
         | spy on us.
        
         | nickysielicki wrote:
         | I'd also like to add that the whole notion of there existing
         | "telltale signs" and fingerprinting to discern between good-guy
         | Western governments and bad-guy Ze Russianz!11! is total BS.
         | Unless Google is in the loop, it's completely unreasonable to
         | expect them to know who is who -- and no, it's not reasonable
         | to expect them to ask before they act.
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | I believe there are a lot of details we in the public won't
           | get to know here, but in general Google isn't in the business
           | of choosing to eff up police activity or allied espionage.
           | The whole thing smells to me like either miscommunication or
           | a situation where Google had additional data that made them
           | decide to override the interests of the task force.
        
       | stephen_g wrote:
       | There should be no debate. If a vulnerability is found and used
       | by intelligence agencies, it can be found and used by criminals.
       | Any zero day must be fixed.
       | 
       | They should report it the same they report any other
       | vulnerability.
        
         | airhead969 wrote:
         | Sploits used by state actors are typically novel, expensive,
         | and niche. It's extremely unlikely criminals would have them,
         | so it's a false equivalency. "Must be fixed" without
         | considering the "what," "why," and "by whom to whom" isn't
         | realistic.
         | 
         | Let's suppose some terrorists are working to hack into your and
         | many other Teslas to crash them on the highway. Would you
         | really prefer a CT operation continue to identify the culprits
         | using vulns or would you rather you and your family crash into
         | an overpass support?
         | 
         | Infosec doesn't exist in a vacuum; there are real-world
         | consequences to thwarting legitimate CT operations due to a
         | strict, unyielding adherence to a "patch everything right now"
         | religion.
        
       | jrochkind1 wrote:
       | To me, this is not a difficult decision or a debate.
       | 
       | Allowing vulnerabilities to remain open/undisclosed because
       | _your_ government approves of them... for one thing, they aren 't
       | only useable by your government/allies, you don't know who else
       | knows about them.
       | 
       | Our government's approach of finding security vulnerabilities and
       | keeping them for their own use (instead of responsibly reporting
       | them to get fixed) puts all our security in danger. There isn't
       | much we can do about that (except, well, try to use our
       | "democracy" to get the government to behave differently).
       | 
       | But in USA at least, private citizens can't generally be
       | compelled to cooperate.
       | 
       | If engineers at a private company find a vulnerability, it should
       | be responsibly dealt with to fix it. No matter who else knows
       | about it or may be taking advantage of it.
       | 
       | I think it is unethical for a software engineer to do or go along
       | with anything else.
        
         | cowmoo728 wrote:
         | The article cites that it raised alarms inside Google. I'm
         | trying to imagine the furor that would be unleashed if Google
         | told its employees that they weren't allowed to fix a security
         | bug on order of the US government. There would have been
         | massive pushback.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | >weren't allowed to fix a security bug on order of the US
           | government
           | 
           | What would happen? "Order of the US gov't" makes it sounds
           | like serious legal ramifications would be handed out if
           | violations were to occur. First, what would this look like?
           | The CEO gets arrested? CTO? We've already seen that doesn't
           | happen. The dev that pushed the change to fix the bug gets
           | arrested, the PM in charge? Sanctions? Fines? All of this
           | would have to have some legal standing in a court somewhere,
           | otherwise, the offenders would have to be moved to some black
           | site to prevent them from using any/all means to defend
           | themselves.
           | 
           | In otherwords, it seems sort of like an empty threat and
           | bluffing to someone not dealing with the stress of that
           | particular moment.
        
             | casefields wrote:
             | Former Qwest CEO says refusal to comply with NSA spying
             | landed him in jail: https://www.rt.com/usa/qwest-ceo-nsa-
             | jail-604/
             | 
             | NSLs are alive and real:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security_letter
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | "Former Qwest CEO Joseph Nacchio, who spent over four
               | years in prison for insider trading, now says his
               | conviction was based on his company's refusal to
               | cooperate with NSA requests to spy on its customers."
               | 
               | "Nacchio believes his conviction was in retaliation for
               | his refusal to play ball with legally dubious NSA spying
               | requests."
               | 
               | So, was he in jail for insider trading or violating an
               | NSL? There's a difference between being convicted for
               | violating a gov't order and someone pissed off at you to
               | dig up dirt to put you in jail for something you did do.
               | Lot's of people in jail believe they are in jail for the
               | wrong reasons. Don't confuse my arguments as being in
               | support of NSA systemic invasion of privacy. Just saying
               | sometimes guilty people try to shift blame.
               | 
               | I understand the concept of NSLs. What I was really
               | trying to get at is the fact that in all of the corporate
               | shenanigans that have ocurred in recent times, no
               | indivduals gets punished for actually doing the thing
               | that was bad. The evilCorps get some fines levied or
               | something similarly slap on the wrist level, but that's
               | it.
        
               | casefields wrote:
               | It's a fair criticism that we can't really know the truth
               | on.
               | 
               | If a nation state wants to railroad you--a single person
               | --with the resources of the NSA/CIA at their disposal,
               | how are you going to defend yourself? You could live off
               | the grid like Crazy Ted, but that's an extreme reaction
               | that most won't take, let alone a ceo of a major
               | corporation.
               | 
               | The government is made of people just like you and me.
               | Couldn't you see some folks in the national security
               | state thinking a person was standing in the way of
               | keeping America safe? Collateral damage but necessary.
               | 
               | I'm not saying it's good or should be allowed, but I can
               | empathize with the mindset of that individual. Same thing
               | happens with prosecutors/detectives when they get tunnel
               | vision over a person that later is exonerated. They deal
               | with bad people so often they become jaded by human
               | nature and everything looks like a nail for their hammer.
               | 
               | 2011: "New Evidence Adds Doubt to FBI's Case Against
               | Anthrax Suspect": https://www.propublica.org/article/new-
               | evidence-disputes-cas...
        
           | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
           | Yeah, it's weird that this is even a question from an
           | employee perception perspective. I'm extraordinarily
           | sympathetic to US intelligence agencies by our industry's
           | standards, and even I would see that as a red line.
        
         | wepple wrote:
         | I think the article was advocating more for not disclosing the
         | vulnerabilities and silently patching them. So the vuln goes
         | away but no fingers are pointed.
         | 
         | Which is also a silly argument; enough security researchers
         | will watch the updates/patches and immediately spot the
         | vulnerabilities, then accuse Google of brushing it under the
         | carpet and being in bed with govt.
         | 
         | Not patching is not doable.
         | 
         | Patching silently is not doable.
         | 
         | Vendors should do what google did. All of them.
        
           | unishark wrote:
           | It was a long and meandering article that seemed to be
           | fishing around for every possibly related controversy it
           | could find (and it worked, look at all the people talking
           | about the article).
           | 
           | But Google's blog post weren't just about the vulnerabilities
           | so much as the hacking operation, which had exploited
           | multiple different vulnerabilities. As for publicizing the
           | operation itself, which was the real controversial decision,
           | they went halfway on it, by holding back key details.
           | 
           | https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2021/01/introducing-i.
           | ..
        
       | bsimpson wrote:
       | > How one treats intelligence activity or law enforcement
       | activity driven under democratic oversight within a lawfully
       | elected representative government is very different from that of
       | an authoritarian regime.
       | 
       | That's the kind of self-delusion you only get from a power-hungry
       | government official.
        
       | airhead969 wrote:
       | :-/
       | 
       | Sounds like un-nuanced, black&white nerd myopia (sorry fellow
       | nerds). Ethics dictate that the greater good should be conserved
       | rather than mechanically-plugging holes with blinders on, no
       | matter the fallout. (This is the kind of flawed, idealistic, un-
       | empathetic logic Rand Paul often wades into.) If the failure of
       | this operation leads to mass casualty events or other deaths,
       | then you know who enabled it.
       | 
       | The most sensible move would've been a cooperative agreement that
       | these holes would be plugged in a fixed amount of time, say 2
       | months, so the operation could have other sploits ready while not
       | exposing the average international user to risks for too long.
        
       | matheusmoreira wrote:
       | > The oversight is baked into Western operations at the
       | technical, tradecraft, and procedure level
       | 
       | Doubt it. They frequently abuse their surveillance powers and spy
       | on each other's citizens. Imagine what they do to a foreign
       | national.
        
       | cycomanic wrote:
       | This reads like such a propaganda piece I really don't know what
       | to say.
       | 
       | Apart from the fact that the article seems to obscure the fact of
       | if companies actually know about the counter-terrorism operations
       | (they somehow say people suspect it).
       | 
       | It also creates this myth of "democratic oversight" and we all
       | know how much that's worth since Snowden. Also it constructs as
       | if Google is in such a special position here. I mean the
       | vulnerability could be caught by anyone theoretically. Also what
       | is a counter-terrorism operation, monitoring some environmental
       | protestors, what about political activists (of any colour), or
       | does it only count if it's Islamic terrorists?
       | 
       | And then there's the whole "putting soldiers lives at risk" which
       | gets repeated every time this comes up. As if we should accept
       | every violation of privacy/human rights, because it saves
       | soldiers lives. They are soldiers, it's their job. Arguably their
       | lives have been put at risk by sending them on the mission.
        
       | someonehere wrote:
       | Were the developers complicit in allow these exploits? That's the
       | bigger question. Are Apple and Microsoft intentionally leaving
       | these things open?
        
       | thrasumachos wrote:
       | "Google Project Zero maintains public policies around
       | vulnerability publication and attribution" Would be an accurate
       | headline. Assigning to Google the act of shutting down
       | counterterrorism is highly misleading and purely for emotive
       | effect. Explaining to those who may not be experts what some of
       | the consequences of aforementioned policies are, which they might
       | find surprising, would be educational. Obviously it worked: we
       | read it and came hear to comment :(
        
       | williesleg wrote:
       | Google is the top of the new world order! Bravo!
        
       | arkh wrote:
       | > How one treats intelligence activity or law enforcement
       | activity driven under democratic oversight within a lawfully
       | elected representative government is very different from that of
       | an authoritarian regime.
       | 
       | The Snowden files tend to show there's not a lot of oversight.
        
       | blacklight wrote:
       | From what I understand this counter-terrorism operation consisted
       | in a well-crafted website that delivered malware to visitors by
       | leveraging some undisclosed 0-days.
       | 
       | The obvious question is: if some malware is on a public website,
       | who guarantees that only the "bad guys" will be targeted?
       | 
       | If you don't disclose the 0-days, who guarantees that your own
       | citizens won't be targeted by the same kind of exploits on the
       | very same vulnerable devices?
       | 
       | If you purposely keep a backdoor open in a device, who guarantees
       | that the "bad guys" won't find that backdoor and use it
       | themselves?
       | 
       | Although I usually disagree with Google's decisions a lot, this
       | time I can't see much wrongdoing in their action.
       | 
       | Counter-cyber-terrorism is a double-edged sword, because it's
       | about placing landmines and waiting for a bad guy to step on
       | them. But nobody guarantees that only the bad guys will step on
       | them. So it's probably time to end this "but we can do it because
       | we're the good guys" rhetoric: it's very easy to get burned when
       | you play with fire.
        
       | oefrha wrote:
       | > This is far from the first time a Western cybersecurity team
       | has caught hackers from allied countries. Some companies,
       | however, have a quiet policy of not publicly exposing such
       | hacking operations if both the security team and the hackers are
       | considered friendly--for example if they are members of the "Five
       | Eyes" intelligence alliance, which is made up of the United
       | States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
       | Several members of Google's security teams are veterans of
       | Western intelligence agencies, and some have conducted hacking
       | campaigns for these governments.
       | 
       | > In some cases, security companies will clean up so-called
       | "friendly" malware but avoid going public with it.
       | 
       | Ah, this explains why if you follow security-related news, it
       | feels like U.S. or "Western" countries never conduct offensive
       | operations ever.
        
       | bogwog wrote:
       | Even though I've been skeptical about Google's "Project Zero"
       | thing ever since they used it to attack a competitor[1], this
       | seems like more of a fuck up by the intelligence agency than by
       | Google.
       | 
       | Even if Google is legally obligated to ignore cyber attacks by
       | allied nations, who's to say that they are even capable of
       | accurately attribution?
       | 
       | 1: https://www.zdnet.com/article/fortnite-epic-games-ceo-
       | rails-...
        
       | wffurr wrote:
       | Is the C++ programming language the ultimate back door? Did the
       | NSA or whoever encourage it specifically because of its unsafety
       | and prevalence of security flaws? Are any of the C++ standards
       | committee members sock puppets for the NSA to water down any
       | proposals to evolve the language towards safe defaults?
       | 
       | That's a bit too conspiracy-minded; it's almost certainly just an
       | accident of history. It's certainly convenient for black-hat and
       | national security types though.
       | 
       | How long until some congressperson finds out about Rust, though,
       | and decides it's a threat to national security since software
       | written in Rust has many fewer security vulnerabilities.
        
       | strong_opinions wrote:
       | Good. Such vulnerabilities should always be reported and fixed,
       | no matter who is abusing them. And it's even better if it wrecks
       | a government operation, they shouldn't even be using these, they
       | should always be reporting them to the software vendor.
       | 
       | I hope this doesn't discourage Google's threat analysis team, and
       | others, from doing the same in the future.
       | 
       | The justification for not intervening is weak too - after all, we
       | only have this article's word for it that the targets were
       | 'terrorists'. They may well just have been freedom fighters, like
       | Nelson Mandela was.
        
       | Aissen wrote:
       | A fundamental question I haven't seen addressed: if Google'
       | security/threat analysis/whatever team can find evidence of
       | "counterterrorism" 0days in the wild, what's to stop "terrorists"
       | to find those 0days used in the wild as well and reuse them ? Or
       | simply non-allied states that would use them against allied
       | targets ?
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | https://archive.is/xAtvD
        
         | beshrkayali wrote:
         | This new trend of "sign up to my newsletter to open a link" is
         | infuriating.
        
           | sodality2 wrote:
           | Disable JS. Been manually whitelisting sites for 2 weeks now,
           | rarely encounter a site I use often that breaks.
        
             | beshrkayali wrote:
             | I would but that breaks many sites I frequent, but even if
             | I can use (yet another) browser for this, it's just an
             | annoying hassle.
        
               | bogwog wrote:
               | > I would but that breaks many sites I frequent
               | 
               | That's what a whitelist is for.
        
               | sodality2 wrote:
               | Takes 2 clicks to whitelist a site permanently from
               | ublock origin
        
       | eqvinox wrote:
       | Google can neither truly verify an origin, nor do they have (or
       | should they have!) the moral authority to determine an origin to
       | be "good" or "bad". A security breach is a security breach and
       | needs to be shut down on sight. I would've done the same in
       | Google's techie's position.
        
       | yamrzou wrote:
       | Link from the article to the series detailing the vulnerabilities
       | found by Project Zero being exploited in the wild:
       | https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2021/01/introducing-i...
        
       | JohnCClarke wrote:
       | Who was the ally? UK or Israel?
        
       | baybal2 wrote:
       | So, what espionage operation it was, by whom, and against whom?
        
       | jefftk wrote:
       | Imagine the headline had Google made the opposite decision:
       | "Google suppresses disclosure of zero day security vulnerability
       | under active Five Eyes exploitation". Seems to me they made the
       | right call!
       | 
       | (Disclosure: I work for Google, speaking only for myself)
        
         | meowface wrote:
         | Indeed. Given this is being published by MIT, it's especially
         | gross.
         | 
         | What happened to MIT? Pressing charges against Aaron Swartz;
         | pushing what seems like blatant intelligence community
         | propaganda...
         | 
         | I genuinely don't mind that law enforcement and intelligence
         | agencies (US or otherwise) would try to find and use these
         | vulnerabilities to achieve goals. That's their job. They
         | wouldn't be doing their job if they didn't do such things.
         | (And, indeed, Google's security teams wouldn't be doing their
         | job, either, if they didn't fix such things when they
         | discovered them.)
         | 
         | I might even support Five Eyes' particular operation, here, if
         | the sole targets of the exploitation genuinely are violent
         | terrorists who massacre innocent civilians. But the onus is on
         | them to not get caught by Google security when developing and
         | deploying exploits. The onus isn't on Google to let people
         | exploit their products and services, whether or not they may
         | subjectively judge it might be used for a moral or "patriotic"
         | end.
         | 
         | IC's job is to be sneaky and covert and manipulative. MIT's job
         | definitely is not to be sneaky and covert and manipulative. I'm
         | not saying they couldn't or shouldn't report on it and the
         | debate over it, but the article is clearly framed towards a
         | pro-Five Eyes exploitation, anti-Google security angle.
        
           | munificent wrote:
           | _> What happened to MIT?_
           | 
           | MIT has been very heavily funded by the military-industrial
           | complex since the 1940s:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Tec.
           | ..
        
             | meowface wrote:
             | Yeah, this is my bad, then. Wasn't aware of that, so was
             | ignorant of me to assume they changed.
        
           | bzbarsky wrote:
           | This is published by "MIT" in about the same way that an
           | editorial in the Washington Post is published by "Amazon".
           | 
           | As the first sentence of
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_Technology_Review says:
           | MIT Technology Review is a magazine wholly owned by the
           | Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and editorially
           | independent of the university
        
             | meowface wrote:
             | I admit it's genuinely possible the correlation is a
             | coincidence, but I wouldn't be surprised if it wasn't.
             | 
             | For example, if WaPo had were instead named the Amazon Post
             | (analogous to "MIT Technology Review") and had written a
             | highly pro-Amazon article when it didn't quite seem
             | merited, would you say that the ownership is irrelevant
             | since they're editorially independent?
        
           | jeffrallen wrote:
           | Check MITs budget, I suppose it is dominated by military
           | industrial complex actors.
        
       | myko wrote:
       | Seems like Google did the right thing here. Is this truly
       | controversial?
        
       | chopin wrote:
       | > "The oversight is baked into Western operations at the
       | technical, tradecraft, and procedure level," they added.
       | 
       | At least for Germany this is patently untrue. Our parliament is
       | stonewalled regularly and they get away with it. And even in the
       | US, the congress is being lied to with no repercussions.
        
         | 13415 wrote:
         | What's even worse about this is that intelligence agencies are
         | highly suspect of outsourcing surveillance that would be
         | illegal for them to conduct (e.g. because it's on their own
         | citizens on their home soil) to allied intelligence agencies,
         | thereby circumventing judicial oversight and local laws.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | Specifically: the various Five Eyes nations can share
           | intelligence to the point where if the Americans can't access
           | information on an American without a warrant, they can just
           | ask the Brits to do it, and vice versa.
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/20/us-uk-
           | secret-d...
        
       | stevespang wrote:
       | "They took matters into their own hands . . . ".
       | 
       | Dissension in the ranks ? Treason ?
        
       | Toutouxc wrote:
       | > law enforcement activity driven under democratic oversight
       | within a lawfully elected representative government
       | 
       | I hate to be that guy, but the holocaust was literally this.
       | Nothing has happened since the 1930s that would make me feel
       | safer around a government just because it was lawfully elected.
        
       | geofft wrote:
       | I dunno, I feel like "the only thing that can stop a bad guy with
       | a buffer overflow is a good guy with a buffer overflow" makes
       | even less sense than the original form of that.
       | 
       | Secure systems that do what they say they'll do help everyone.
       | The idea that there's some sort of obligation to keep security
       | vulnerabilities around so that the bad guys can get pwned feels
       | as vile as saying that there's an obligation to keep medical
       | knowledge secret lest enemy soldiers learn how to take care of
       | their health.
        
       | Klwohu wrote:
       | So was it Israel?
        
         | aaron695 wrote:
         | I'd assume Israel using American assets.
        
       | Jonnax wrote:
       | This is a lot of words to say that Google found and caused the
       | patching of security exploits in consumer devices such as Safari,
       | iPhones and Android phones.
       | 
       | And the users of the exploits were a state actor that was
       | friendly to the USA.
       | 
       | Which is effectively saying that wanting vulnerable software is a
       | patriotic thing.
       | 
       | Especially calling it a "counter terrorism" operation. Where did
       | the author of the article get that information from?
       | 
       | It seems like a hit piece.
        
         | tumetab1 wrote:
         | "counter terrorism" is the information/military agencies "why
         | doesn't someone think of the children".
         | 
         | They were just annoyed that their OPSEC failed to protect their
         | exploits.
        
         | asdfasgasdgasdg wrote:
         | It's an interesting tactic. I think a lot of people in the tech
         | community are a bit skeptical of the NSA, CIA, etc. I wonder if
         | the publicist's notion here is to gain some ground in public
         | sentiment by pitting the intelligence apparatus against a yet
         | more hated enemy -- big tech.
        
           | elliekelly wrote:
           | I don't hold Google in high regard and actively avoid using
           | their products but this article has raised my opinion of them
           | ever so slightly. I'm pleasantly surprised to see they aren't
           | (yet) completely in bed with the "counter
           | terrorism"-justifies-all thinking that seems to be prevalent
           | among western governments and their surveillance tactics.
        
             | throwaway671 wrote:
             | > I'm pleasantly surprised to see they aren't (yet)
             | completely in bed with the "counter terrorism".
             | 
             | I think it would leak!
             | 
             | At least having seen Google from the inside, I don't think
             | Google can keep a nefarious secret.
        
           | deelowe wrote:
           | Most conservatives I know put three letter agencies on a
           | pedestal and loathe big tech. I remembering being baffled by
           | the previous apple iphone fiasco. They we adamant that apple
           | should have backdoors in everyone's phone so the fbi could
           | catch anonymous bad people while at the same time espousing
           | how they don't trust apple. It was baffling.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | Important to notice that political parties aren't a person.
             | The people saying those things were neocons, and they've
             | mostly switched parties now. Witness the liars from the CIA
             | who used to appear on Fox now appearing on MSNBC or CNN
             | instead. Meanwhile arch-neocon Liz Cheney, who presumably
             | hasn't switched parties because a Democrat would lose in
             | Wyoming, is facing a primary challenger from within the
             | GOP.
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | Liz knows she has a long future in public life, without
               | ever having to win an election again. There will always
               | be a place for a previously-elected legacy reptile in the
               | bureaucracy, as she gradually takes over her father's
               | client book. She'll never have a problem getting Senate
               | confirmation, no matter where they decide to stick her.
        
             | matheusmoreira wrote:
             | Funny... I'd expect conservatives to believe in _less_
             | arbitrary government interference, not more.
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | "Conservatives" have pretended to be "libertarians" for
               | so long that neither term really has a meaning anymore
               | (in USA). Those who actually value freedom are
               | anarchists. ISTM "conservatives" were always happy to
               | oppress unfortunates, and likewise happy to enlist the
               | help of the state in doing so. They invented police and
               | FBI for that purpose.
        
           | casefields wrote:
           | Yes, that's why they used the active voice with
           | _counterterrorist operation._ It 's essentially the same
           | debate of enhanced interrogations and the ticking time bomb.
           | 
           | A lot of the time it's mentally ill people like this:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_City_Seven
           | 
           | They want you to picture Osama in these cases, when usually
           | it's a bunch of buffoons.
        
         | pavel_lishin wrote:
         | It seems like the article didn't have a problem with patching
         | the flaws, but rather publicizing their operation and outing
         | the government hackers.
        
         | adamcstephens wrote:
         | The article quoted anonymous and named intelligence officials.
         | Not a stretch to see where they're getting their info from.
        
           | ok123456 wrote:
           | They glow in the dark.
        
           | dillondoyle wrote:
           | This is probably an intentional story.
           | 
           | The spooks reached out to reporters with approval.
           | 
           | I find it is unlikely information as sensitive as means and
           | methods, with no seaming whistleblower spying on the people
           | type motivation, would be disclosed by leakers without
           | approval.
           | 
           | Strategic leaks like this are done all the time.
           | 
           | Though I guess there is precedent of releasing post-mortem
           | facts like in the charges of the alleged vault 7 leaker.
        
       | xiphias2 wrote:
       | It's only ,,controversial'' because Google's management and HQ is
       | in the US and in bed with US government.
       | 
       | Google is a multinational company with most shareholders
       | (weighted by investment amount, not control) and most employees
       | being from outside US.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | There is a happy medium here: stop using the government to jail
       | non-violent offenders.
       | 
       | If someone orders a drink with too much sugar, doesn't want to
       | pay a 38% tax rate, or put solar cells in their yard without
       | permission, wants to smoke a certain plant, just let them.
       | 
       | We spend extensive police resources jailing these people. If we
       | use a society agreed to just leave people alone for stuff that
       | doesn't matter, when the government is conducting an operation
       | like this it'd be a little easier to let it go as there is no
       | target for abuse.
       | 
       | Right now we're training in the opposite direction where
       | everything that upsets someone needs a law and needs to be
       | illegal.
        
         | geofft wrote:
         | "Counterterrorism" implies to me that the targets were not
         | under the jurisdiction of the United States, and therefore
         | could not have been jailed for ordering a drink with too much
         | sugar (not that anyone in the US could, either, but let's
         | pretend they could).
        
           | dirtyoldmick wrote:
           | Yet. Nobody has been jailed for too much sugar yet.
        
         | DanBC wrote:
         | Where does this idea that _all_ law is enforced by police come
         | from? Why is it so prevalent on HN?
        
           | flyingfences wrote:
           | Because it is: it's either enforced by the police, or by some
           | other group that will fall back to calling the police if you
           | don't go along with their enforcement.
        
             | DanBC wrote:
             | Possibly that's true in the US, but it's completely false
             | in many other parts of the world.
             | 
             | In England there's a bunch of stuff that has no police
             | involvement. Debt or tenancy are the two biggest areas.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | That's unequivocally false.
             | 
             | For example: there are many legal concepts which are not a
             | crime to disobey (and therefore there is no criminal reason
             | for police to be involved) and/or it is not in the
             | jurisdiction of any police force.
        
           | DC1350 wrote:
           | If there's no force behind the law then it's just a
           | suggestion
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | Not all legal constructs are practical, possible, or
             | necessary to be enforced. And even for those that are
             | enforced, not all necessarily need to be enforced by
             | physical force.
        
         | bogwog wrote:
         | I think you should read up on the differences between civil law
         | and criminal law.
        
         | w0m wrote:
         | > orders a drink with too much sugar, doesn't want to pay a 38%
         | tax rate, or put solar cells in their yard without permission,
         | wants to smoke a certain plant, just let them.
         | 
         | I would walk back here and say one of these is not like the
         | other insofaras 'let them be' and the wider effects on society.
        
       | kortex wrote:
       | > But while protecting customers from attack is important, some
       | argue that counter-terrorism operations are different, with
       | potentially life and death consequences that go beyond day-to-day
       | internet security.
       | 
       | Maybe they shouldn't base life or death consequences on something
       | as capricious as the existence of an undetected 0-day. It's not
       | just Google, what about other security companies, independent
       | white-hats, etc?
       | 
       | The alternative is basically saying, "you shouldn't/can't improve
       | software security, coz terrorism", which not only feels super
       | unethical, but also likely a 1st amendment violation.
        
       | goodluckchuck wrote:
       | > under democratic oversight within a lawfully elected
       | representative government
       | 
       | The writer assumes that western / US-affiliated elections are
       | universally, lawfully elected, and never the product of
       | illegalities... while writing about likely-illegal operations by
       | some of the very same people within those very same governments.
        
         | stephen_g wrote:
         | Yeah, hard to trust that they're actually following the law.
         | Here in Australia, the chief law officer (Attorney General
         | Christian Porter, who incidentally is on leave because just
         | recently it came out that he allegedly violently raped a minor
         | 30 years ago) has failed to produce the reports on the use of
         | various surveillance powers as required of him by our National
         | Security Information Act for the last three years... And
         | nothing will happen on that, because his own department would
         | have to prosecute him!
         | 
         | The Government is generally in trouble, because they all
         | covered up a staffer being raped by another staffer in the
         | office of the Minister of Defence (literally in her office), as
         | well as a bunch of other scandals. She was apparently pressured
         | not to report it to police for fear of losing her job. Again,
         | no public body that will actually prosecute anybody over that,
         | hopefully the outrage will be enough for somebody to resign and
         | things will change next election...
         | 
         | At the same time, they keep ramming through laws that increase
         | surveillance power while removing judicial oversight and
         | requirements for warrants. Out intelligence agencies are also
         | severely under-supervised, because while we do have a small
         | agency of bureaucrats to supervise them, the Senate committee
         | made up of actually elected people (the Parliamentary Joint
         | Committee On Intelligence and Security) can't actually review
         | any past, current or planned operations, they can only look at
         | the legal frameworks (and we just have to hope the
         | intelligences agencies are following the law, and the IGIS
         | actually does their job...)
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | It's a relief to see that people at Google made this call, but
       | for a specific reason.
       | 
       | One of the times I perceived that I was being given the option to
       | be read-in to some spooky stuff on a client site my view at the
       | time was the IC should do their job, and civilian security folks
       | should do ours. I said that they don't need us to compromise our
       | work if they are good enough at theirs, it's an equilibrium. When
       | I work for them, I'll work for them, but when I work for
       | customers, I work for customers. The world doesn't need more
       | compromised people.
       | 
       | I also didn't buy the "if you only knew/ticking bomb" arguments,
       | because they know they have jobs to do and they aren't going to
       | let some civvy contractor geek stand in their way. I'm sure I
       | lost a lot of professional opportunity as a result, but you have
       | to ask what it is you're protecting.
       | 
       | If companies who provide products that citizens trust are being
       | subordinated to the IC to spy on them, just what does the IC
       | think it's protecting? When the IC "misses" open secrets like
       | Epstein's blackmail ring, human trafficking coyotes, compromised
       | politicians, the total infiltration and compromise of
       | universities and public institutions by foreign influenced
       | operators, election integrity issues, and economy altering money
       | laundering operations in plain sight, just what job is it they
       | are doing again?
       | 
       | We need an IC and general guardian class certainly, but the point
       | is to protect the integrity of the nation. Civilians and
       | companies aren't game pieces, and if they are, I don't think the
       | IC wants the accountability that comes with that.
       | 
       | Imo, Google made the right call in this situation.
        
         | lolthishuman wrote:
         | Sounds like you have some interesting stories. Care to share
         | anything you find most perplexing or wish more focus was on?
        
           | motohagiography wrote:
           | Hah, no, but thank you, new account created to comment on
           | intel related threads. This question of how technologists
           | should deal with pressure of all kinds would benefit from
           | peoples experiences and more mature frameworks of ethical
           | considerations. It's not unique to spies.
        
       | LockAndLol wrote:
       | > "The oversight is baked into Western operations at the
       | technical, tradecraft, and procedure level," they added.
       | 
       | So what the NSA has been doing (even after exposure by Snowden)
       | has had "oversight baked in"? Who are we kidding?
       | 
       | This posturing, pretending that " the west is better than
       | everybody else", is downright naive and idiotic. No organisation
       | is pure of heart, moral, or ethics, and none have crystalline
       | motives.
        
         | juanani wrote:
         | Blind exceptionalism is required to get by in the West. I can't
         | see good reasons for it, Hollywood plays the fiddle.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | not2b wrote:
       | Even if you accept the rationale that the team behind the
       | exploits were good guys going after bad guys, it's the job of
       | Google's security teams to keep its products (Chrome and Android)
       | secure. I think that they made the right call by disclosing the
       | exploits after the security holes were fixed, but not outing the
       | details of who the attackers were.
       | 
       | The article seems to be suggesting that they should have left the
       | holes unpatched, but that wouldn't work. Rival state-backed
       | hacker teams do the same work that the Project Zero people do and
       | would discover the attacks, reverse engineer them, and exploit
       | them.
       | 
       | It came out (either from Snowden or from other reporting) that
       | the NSA had a term, NOBUS, short for "nobody but us". The idea
       | was that if they had a hack that was so tricky that they thought
       | that no one else could exploit it, they would exploit it, and if
       | the hole they found was "easy" they would share it so it could be
       | fixed. But that's just arrogant: nothing is NOBUS for long.
        
       | lenkite wrote:
       | Congrats to Google for making the right decision here. Doesn't
       | matter which govt agency is hacking vulnerable software, plugging
       | the vulnerabilities and kicking them out is the _absolutely_
       | right thing to do as a private multi-national corporation.
       | 
       | If the western government in question wants to hack vulnerable
       | software - they can create their own vulnerable software, ship it
       | and distribute it. No one - utterly no government - democratic or
       | not has any privileged right to hack market software and
       | services.
       | 
       | Try passing a law through both houses stating the US government
       | has the right to exploit US companies - and watch the US economy
       | collapse.
        
       | eptcyka wrote:
       | You don't launch an exploit like one launches an attack. You can
       | only ever share an exploit. As such, the more patriotic thing to
       | do is to defend yourself and plug the holes.
        
       | thegeekbin wrote:
       | In my opinion, the right decision is to release your research and
       | have the vulnerabilities patched. I'm not a fan of the argument
       | "only we know the bug" "it's for counterterrorism, seriously"...
       | because I'm doubtful. If you found the bug, odds are someone else
       | given the effort could.
       | 
       | Secondly, I think it's fair to say governments absolutely abuse
       | any vulnerability they can at any point in time.
        
       | thefreeman wrote:
       | I think this is a net positive in the long run. Google has every
       | right to publicly disclose and fix vulnerabilities. And while I
       | support governments need to to perform counter intelligence, if
       | this keeps happening hopefully it will cause them to start being
       | more selective in who and what they target with these type of
       | campaigns. If random google security guy visiting a site is being
       | targeted with these payloads it's obviously not differentiating
       | enough.
        
       | arthropodSeven wrote:
       | Authoritarian 0-day bad!! Democracy 0-day A-OK, no problem!!
        
       | steve76 wrote:
       | You just blew an undercover international federal investigation
       | on terrorism. I would say that's a bad idea.
       | 
       | Won't terrorists go after you now? Close the exploit, or be
       | mortared. You go to the feds. They say: Oh! I can't get to that
       | now!!! My phone says I need to update!
        
       | [deleted]
        
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