[HN Gopher] GeoGuessing with Deep Learning
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       GeoGuessing with Deep Learning
        
       Author : healeycodes
       Score  : 100 points
       Date   : 2021-03-24 08:30 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (healeycodes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (healeycodes.com)
        
       | totetsu wrote:
       | This could be useful for finding new places to go that are look
       | similar to your holiday snaps. Also if I could do this with a
       | picture of food I want to eat.. and it guess the probable
       | location of a restaurant serving it, that would be great.
        
       | wp381640 wrote:
       | I started working on a similar project - my approach was to train
       | a model based on all of the geoguessr contest sets.
       | 
       | Geoguessr gives you both the street view _and_ the correct answer
       | when you guess wrong.
       | 
       | They're all hand-curated so there are only so many points that
       | you need to identify (the largest sets are 100k+ points) so the
       | idea would be to run through it thousands of times with wrongs
       | answers but use the correct answer to train the model
       | 
       | It's only a matter of time before the game has cheat bots and
       | that problem, much in the same way online chess has that issue
        
         | luguenth wrote:
         | What would be the advantage to train a model on the whole
         | dataset, you would be running it against later? Wouldn't that
         | overfit the network?
         | 
         | And for the cheating part; geoGuessr actually exposes the right
         | answer in their API. You you could just use that to pinpoint
         | the exact location automated.
        
           | ajmurmann wrote:
           | > What would be the advantage to train a model on the whole
           | dataset, you would be running it against later? Wouldn't that
           | overfit the network?
           | 
           | The opposite, it would almost be cheating since the model
           | would just have memorized all the correct solutions. You'd
           | usually want to train on a subset of the data and evaluate
           | against the remainder to protect against overfitting. So to
           | that point I agree with your evaluation. But after that you'd
           | use it with real data in the wild for your actual use case.
           | With geogussr you'd know already what all the "real-world"
           | situations are and overfitting wouldn't matter as long as you
           | retrain wherever they add new sets.
        
       | benatkin wrote:
       | Ooh, this is great. I love GeoGuessr and have pointed several
       | people to it. I have thought that a trained AI could do better
       | than me on average.
       | 
       | I've been posting my runs publicly to Strava for years. I
       | recently started living in a small town and decided to stop
       | posting my location, and using an open source tool called
       | RunnerUp to track my runs. I have still been posting running
       | photos that don't reveal my location. I know someday people will
       | be able to figure out my location despite avoiding taking
       | pictures with signs and stuff. If anyone wants to try to figure
       | out one of my recent locations, my instagram link is in my bio.
        
         | lastofthemojito wrote:
         | It's wild how we're anonymous on the internet, right up until
         | we're not! I was watching an auction on bringatrailer.com (an
         | auto auction website where people sell cars and discuss them in
         | a comments section) the other day. One commenter realized he
         | could distantly see his house in a stranger's auction photos!
         | The person posting the photos probably never considered that
         | the photo location would be precisely identifiable (and for
         | this purpose, probably didn't care). But if you get enough eyes
         | on something, someone is going to recognize it.
        
       | bvm wrote:
       | You know how you get off a plane and everything about a place
       | 3000 miles away feels different? Not just smells and heat, but
       | the light seems different. The surfaces and materials are
       | different. The uh...(actual) atmosphere seems different.
       | 
       | Is for example, the atmosphere seeming different a real physical
       | phenomenon that could be detected by ML?
        
         | qayxc wrote:
         | Sure, why not? Chemical composition, temperature, and pressure
         | of the atmosphere are just physical parameters (e.g. elements
         | of a feature set) like any other (e.g. colour and intensity of
         | pixels in an image).
         | 
         | Everything that can be measured can be used as an input for ML
         | algorithms. The things that "feel" different are the result of
         | the "post-processing" your brain applies to the inputs it
         | receives (olfactory, temperature, light intensity and -spectral
         | composition, etc.).
         | 
         | The sensation is based on physical phenomena, though it might
         | be interesting how much of it remains if we were to take the
         | _knowledge_ about the change of location away, e.g. would you
         | feel the same way if you didn 't know you were 3000 miles away?
         | In other words, does knowing about the change in location
         | sharpen your senses such that you subconsciously look for
         | changes in the environment?
        
         | TheAdamAndChe wrote:
         | I've never traveled like this, merely drove cross-country and
         | didn't experience this. Does it really feel so different?
        
       | jibolso wrote:
       | Nicely done. It will be interesting to see the results when you
       | combine multiple modalities.
        
       | tobr wrote:
       | GeoGuessr is a lot of fun. I played it a lot a few years ago, but
       | only recently discovered that there's a community of very serious
       | players, and got interested in it again. For example check this
       | video from yesterday where Tom Davies aka GeoWizard[1] gets a
       | pretty good score on An Urban World:
       | https://youtube.com/watch?v=TVt1GKBZMzc
       | 
       | 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoWizard
        
         | herbstein wrote:
         | Tom Davis is very good at the game. I also recommend checking
         | out his "straight line mission" videos. He tries crossing Wales
         | (and more recently Norway) in a single straight line. Deviating
         | by only a few feet across the trips. He manages to make it
         | quite interesting to "just" watch a man walking in fields.
        
           | herbstein wrote:
           | I thought a link was in order here. First video of his first
           | "mission". Not everything he does is strictly legal, but it's
           | never malicious.
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/M7w986ni7_g
        
         | nindalf wrote:
         | I've only seen someone else play it but it's crazy how serious
         | he was about it. Apart from the basic things like narrowing
         | down based on languages in sign posts, he'd also use techniques
         | like deriving latitude based on trees. This is gorgc on twitch,
         | but I'm sure there are other streamers who play this game.
        
         | sllabres wrote:
         | The linked article
         | https://somerandomstuff1.wordpress.com/2019/02/08/geoguessr-...
         | is interesting -- at least for me, a very casual player ;).
        
           | lastofthemojito wrote:
           | I'm a fairly casual player too, and I guess I have my
           | favorite aspects of the game - I've worked with foreign
           | languages before so language identification is fun for me,
           | and I'm a car enthusiast so I like informing guesses based on
           | the cars I see. One thing this article raised that I'd never
           | considered was the direction that satellite dishes face.
           | Definitely going to keep my eye out for that!
        
         | schoen wrote:
         | I got into GeoGuessr during the pandemic, and am still very
         | into it! I can really recommend it as a way to learn about more
         | of the world while you're stuck at home.
         | 
         | Since I'm very interested in languages, I'm often surprised at
         | how difficult other players sometimes find it to be to
         | recognize specific languages (e.g. the differences between
         | Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, French, and Italian are quite
         | obvious to me, but often not to many other players).
         | 
         | But I also notice that there are many, many world languages
         | that I can't recognize easily; for Geogussr purposes in
         | particular the most relevant for me right now are the Slavic
         | languages (I can tell Polish apart from the others written in
         | Latin script, but have trouble distinguishing the others that
         | are written in that script; I have trouble distinguishing the
         | Slavic languages that are written in Cyrillic; and I also have
         | trouble distinguishing the Central Asian languages that are
         | written in Cyrillic that are not from the Slavic family).
         | 
         | Wikipedia has a great chart to help you recognize languages
         | even without learning to speak or understand them
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Language_recognition...
         | 
         | and I'm currently writing a language recognition trainer
         | (which, when it's done, will give you a sample of text and ask
         | you to guess what language it is, and, if you get it wrong,
         | provide some kind of tips that could help you to recognize that
         | language). I plan to make it available to the public when I'm
         | finished. I'd love for the ability to recognize and distinguish
         | languages from one another to become more widespread. Because
         | of the ubiquity and importance of English, we native English
         | speakers are said to be especially bad at this... not just at
         | _understanding_ other languages, but even at telling them
         | apart!
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | dagw wrote:
           | _Wikipedia has a great chart to help you recognize languages
           | even without learning to speak or understand them:_
           | 
           | That would be awesome as an interactive flowchart
        
       | chanind wrote:
       | I wondered if this could be useful for open source journalism
       | stuff like bellingcat does. Essentially combing through tons of
       | photos online to figure out where / when they were taken and Put
       | together an understanding of an incident
        
       | lastofthemojito wrote:
       | I'm a GeoGuessr fan, and like the author, experienced a bit of a
       | GeoGuessr renaissance when I had a baby. I guess it's the sort of
       | slow, quiet game that lends itself to being played between baby
       | care tasks.
       | 
       | In any case, the criteria discussed here is the sort of thing
       | that all too often makes me skeptical of deep learning results.
       | 
       | There are the things that I consider "real" discriminators when
       | playing the game - architectural styles, building materials, road
       | quality, driving direction, alphabets/languages on signage,
       | flags, flora, topography, makes/types of vehicles, skin color and
       | clothing style of humans, etc. Then there are the "artificial"
       | things - glimpses at the street view vehicle, copyright notices,
       | image quality, knowledge of which countries do or don't have
       | Google Street View coverage, etc.
       | 
       | Obviously by taking what I'm calling the "artificial" criteria
       | into account a deep learning approach would score better today
       | than if only the "real" criteria were considered. But I feel like
       | if tomorrow, GeoGuessr swapped Apple Maps Look Around or Bing
       | Maps StreetSide in place of Google Street View (or if Google
       | released vastly updated imagery), the deep learning approach
       | would fall apart, but humans who have built knowledge of the
       | "real" features to look for would continue to do just about as
       | well.
        
         | alkonaut wrote:
         | Coming from 64 degrees north I always react when I see
         | satellite dishes tilted _up_ and realized a satellite dish is
         | an exact indication - to the degree! - of latitude.
         | 
         | Some climates can be deceiving depending on local conditions
         | (Gulf Stream makes Western Europe have flora like much more
         | southern parts of North America for example) but satellite
         | dishes work the same everywhere.
        
       | hyper_reality wrote:
       | Interesting post, but I disagree with the conclusion that with a
       | bit of work AI could take down the best Geoguessrs. The best
       | players already take into account all the metadata like camera
       | quality and distinctive features of the Google car. Furthermore,
       | they would surely have an edge in urban locations where proximate
       | locations are visible in street-signs. I could be proven wrong
       | though, and it would be super interesting to reverse engineer AI
       | guesses that turn out to be surprisingly correct based off little
       | info.
       | 
       | To see just how good the top players are at instantly recognising
       | a country using these clues, then check out
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEmoAYpTJuA . Or maybe don't if
       | you don't want the game spoiled!
        
         | tobr wrote:
         | > I disagree with the conclusion that with a bit of work AI
         | could take down the best Geoguessrs. The best players already
         | take into account all the metadata like camera quality and
         | distinctive features of the Google car.
         | 
         | Isn't this exactly what an AI might do even better, though?
         | There might be statistical variations in image quality between
         | cameras and processing that are imperceptible to a human but
         | easy for machine learning to pick up?
        
           | hyper_reality wrote:
           | True, but less than half of world countries are covered by
           | street view and it's possible for a human to learn the
           | distinctive metadata features of every single one, together
           | with all the common roadside features like poles, road
           | markings, and vegetation. So I don't know if the level of
           | granularity where statistical variations are noticed is
           | required to succeed at least in determining the country.
           | 
           | But in terms of picking the closest point within a country,
           | perhaps with a large enough dataset the AI would be able to
           | distinguish based on local weather conditions when the Google
           | car was driving through certain regions. And this would trump
           | the player's ability to read place names and signage.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-03-25 23:04 UTC)