[HN Gopher] Why the Wuhan lab leak theory shouldn't be dismissed
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why the Wuhan lab leak theory shouldn't be dismissed
        
       Author : ruaraidh
       Score  : 470 points
       Date   : 2021-03-22 13:27 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (eu.usatoday.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (eu.usatoday.com)
        
       | beervirus wrote:
       | Anybody who thinks it _should_ be dismissed has an unwarranted
       | amount of faith in the CCP.
        
       | midrus wrote:
       | My conspiracy theory is that, if the virus intentionally or
       | unintentionally escaped from that lab, and the CDC,CIA, whatever,
       | etc already know this, probably everyone prefers to shut up and
       | deny it, because otherwise it might lead to a war with china and
       | it would be a lot worse for everyone.
        
         | robin21 wrote:
         | The only war with China is a trade war and that is only fought
         | by convincing the public to endure the pain. I think everyone
         | would welcome the ability to cut China out of the global supply
         | chain if they could, it's just about getting the people to go
         | along with it.
        
       | airhead969 wrote:
       | It seems like more Western MSM yellow journalism hating on China
       | with FUD.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | Outside of some noteworthy scummy politicians and a few
         | partisan media outlets. I really haven't seen much in the way
         | of MSM media pushing that theory as fact.
        
           | airhead969 wrote:
           | It doesn't matter if they're pushing this far-fetched
           | hypothesis as "fact" or not, they're pushing it by
           | continuously regurgitating such speculative FUD _without
           | evidence._
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | Not everything reported has to be a proven fact. Theories,
             | ideas, there's room for all sorts of things in life that
             | aren't certain.
        
               | airhead969 wrote:
               | Conspiracy theories aren't helpful.
        
               | duxup wrote:
               | Outside noteworthy scummy politicians and a few partisan
               | media outlets. I really haven't seen much in the way of
               | MSM doing that.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please don't take HN threads into nationalistic flamewar. I've
         | spent a _lot_ of time, energy, and words asking people not to
         | do that in the opposite direction [1]. It applies just as much
         | the other way around. Name-calling, flamebait, and
         | nationalistic provocations take the internet straight to hell.
         | We 're trying to avoid that fate here, or at least stave it off
         | [2] a little longer.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
         | 
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26545902.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&so...
        
           | airhead969 wrote:
           | I'm not. I'm in the US saying "stop attacking China without
           | evidence."
           | 
           | Edit: criticize justly and specifically, not
           | nationalistically. Attacking any group using stretched/thin
           | arguments makes the accusers look weak.
        
             | ryanfreeborn wrote:
             | Perhaps other MSM publications. The specific article here
             | talks about US accidents in high-standards labs, and posits
             | that those same accidents can happen in other countries.
             | It's not attacking China at all. What you're describing
             | doesn't apply to the discussion in this article or this
             | thread, just seems non-productive.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | "Assume good faith" ?
        
       | hayst4ck wrote:
       | https://project-evidence.github.io/
       | 
       | I found this to be an extremely engaging read and compelling
       | story.
       | 
       | TLDR; The likelihood of it being lab related is high. The
       | likelihood of it being directly malicious low.
       | 
       | My Take form reading it: The lab in question needed to collect
       | bats for research. A person who collected the bats did so with
       | insufficient safety and is likely patient 0.
        
         | 8note wrote:
         | Based on your takeaway, I'm looking for this to convince me
         | that it's more likely that it's a researcher caught it first
         | than anyone else handling bats.
        
           | hayst4ck wrote:
           | There is pretty good evidence for that as well. I think
           | section 9 is most relevant.
        
         | pageandrew wrote:
         | I agree that the leak was likely accidental. That said, I think
         | you gloss over the fact that Gain of Function Research
         | (artificial selection) was certainly taking place inside the
         | Wuhan Institute of Virology, and that US intelligence has
         | concluded that the WIV was engaging in classified research for
         | the Chinese military, unbeknownst to the rest of the world.
         | 
         | So, its not quite as simple as a collection mistake.
        
           | hayst4ck wrote:
           | I don't find that compelling. Our own US scientists
           | specifically stated they did not see the biological markers
           | of tampering, and I don't see any reason we shouldn't be
           | trusting them. I think there are a lot of people who want to
           | believe China is evil incarnate and things are just as black
           | and white as that. I think that's a mental shortcut with easy
           | emotional payout. I would encourage you to read the link.
           | 
           | Here is a direct link to some gain of function research being
           | done at the lab for anyone interested:
           | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2258702/
           | 
           | Relevant line in abstract:
           | 
           | > In this study, we investigated the receptor usage of the
           | SL-CoV S by combining a human immunodeficiency virus-based
           | pseudovirus system with cell lines expressing the ACE2
           | molecules of human, civet, or horseshoe bat.
        
             | pageandrew wrote:
             | I don't think China is evil incarnate, but I do know that
             | it is confirmed that they have performed GOF research
             | (https://www.newsweek.com/controversial-wuhan-lab-
             | experiments...), that there were reports in 2018 that they
             | were not following proper lab safety practices
             | (https://www.businessinsider.com/us-officials-raised-
             | alarms-a...), and that the Chinese military was engaged in
             | secret experimentation.
             | 
             | This is all circumstantial, of course. But, that combined
             | with the fact that COVID originated in Wuhan, thousands of
             | kilometers away from the bat caves of Yunnan province, yet
             | in the same city as the only BSL-4 laboratory in China,
             | that's hard to ignore.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | ...and importantly, there was specifically Coronavirus bat
           | research in that specific facility.
        
         | matwood wrote:
         | > TLDR; The likelihood of it being lab related is high. The
         | likelihood of it being directly malicious low.
         | 
         | And this sounds like a reasonable possibility to be explored.
         | Accidents happen. Lapses in procedures happen.
         | 
         | The problem is that early on, and still in some circles, lab
         | related equates to malicious bio-weapon and/or China purposely
         | attempting to destroy the world. It's important to separate the
         | two, and hopefully this is a cautionary tale for all labs to
         | review their policies and procedures.
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | > in some circles, lab related equates to malicious bio-
           | weapon
           | 
           | Well that's the problem with reducing every argument to
           | absurd extremes.
           | 
           | It's part of why modern political discourse is fundamentally
           | broken.
           | 
           | We counter discourse out of fear of what the extreme form of
           | that accusation will be - not based on what the argument is
           | actually saying.
        
       | kneel wrote:
       | IMO it's very likely to have originated in a lab leak. It doesn't
       | matter much however since there is no evidence, and any evidence
       | of such will likely be covered up.
       | 
       | Being culpable for a disaster on this scale would be
       | unprecedented in the economic reparations, so much so that we'll
       | likely never find the origins.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | >Being culpable for a disaster on this scale would be
         | unprecedented in the economic reparations
         | 
         | I duno if that would ever really happen. I think much like a
         | lot of things, concerns about Uyghurs it would just dissolve
         | into the diplomatic and economic seas.
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | > Being culpable for a disaster on this scale would be
         | unprecedented in the economic reparations
         | 
         | True. And not just economic reparations, you can imagine
         | diplomatic relations and all would be severely impacted.
        
         | theptip wrote:
         | > it's very likely to have originated in a lab leak
         | 
         | What evidence is informing this belief? i.e. what is your model
         | for assigning "P>0.5" to the probability here? For example do
         | you think the SARS outbreak circa 2002 was also a lab escape?
        
           | kneel wrote:
           | You misquoted me, I said 'IMO...'
           | 
           | I've worked in several labs, created several viruses (non-
           | pathogenic) myself. People are careless, did you read the
           | article?
        
             | theptip wrote:
             | Do you feel that I was misquoting you because you don't
             | think of it as a belief as you prefaced it with "IMO", or
             | do you take issue with me translating "very likely" to
             | "P>0.5"? (Or maybe something else?)
             | 
             | I wasn't trying to be confrontational about it, just trying
             | to understand why that's your opinion. In particular I was
             | curious about your "very likely", because my priors are
             | that most infectious diseases are not caused by lab leaks,
             | and that there's no particular evidence of a lab leak here
             | (though as you say plenty of reason to believe such
             | evidence would be suppressed). But it's not my field so I'm
             | not strongly attached to those priors.
             | 
             | I'd certainly agree with the article's premise that the lab
             | theory should not be dismissed out of hand, but I think
             | that's a different conclusion than saying "it's very likely
             | to have originated in a lab leak". My takeaway from the
             | article is "it's possible, but still not very likely",
             | though I suppose I'd give a higher % of probability now
             | than before reading the article.
        
         | Johnny555 wrote:
         | I think that's how so many conspiracy theories spread. "IMO, I
         | think it's very likely that the moon landings were faked. It
         | doesn't matter since there is no evidence of the fake landings
         | and any evidence of such will likely be covered up, like the
         | way they got scientists to pretend that there are
         | retroreflectors on the moon".
         | 
         | As long as people believe that evidence is covered up, then
         | they can believe anything.
        
           | airhead969 wrote:
           | It's easier to believe in a grand conspiracy to make one seem
           | special and part of a tribe than accept the banality,
           | incompetence, chaos, and coincidences of reality.
        
         | lettergram wrote:
         | If I recall correctly, Fauci's org funded gain of function
         | research on corona viruses.
         | 
         | https://asiatimes.com/2020/04/why-us-outsourced-bat-virus-re...
         | 
         | Surely they've been receiving reports on progress, if so I'm
         | sure there could be a match.
         | 
         | Similarly, I believe there were scientists in India who
         | determined the capsule which deploys the virus into cells looks
         | exactly the same as the HIV mechanism.
         | 
         | https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Caixin/Scientists-slam-Ind...
         | 
         | This kinda matches people testing positive for HIV in an
         | Australian vaccine trial:
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/11/world/australia/uq-corona...
        
       | alephr wrote:
       | A lot of the discussion I see on this hinges on possibility and
       | not strongly believing the claim is false. Sure, this theory is
       | "possible" in some sense but I rarely see anyone presenting
       | concrete evidence for it and I don't think I've seen anyone who
       | supports it suggest a piece of evidence that would change their
       | mind on it.
       | 
       | If most of the discussion on an idea is about how people dismiss
       | it or how any evidence is being covered up the idea might not be
       | that strong.
        
       | EMM_386 wrote:
       | Recently from MIT Technology Review ... worth a read:
       | 
       | https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/03/18/1021030/coronavi...
        
       | Huffers2 wrote:
       | If true, I think this would be the first ever case of a novel
       | virus ever being developed in a lab and then accidentally
       | released.
       | 
       | If false, then it's yet another viral mutation / species cross
       | over which have happened all the time throughout history.
       | 
       | When I hear hoofbeats I think "horses" not "zebras"...
        
         | wccrawford wrote:
         | Why not? There are multiple hurricanes every single year, but I
         | still hear about them. Especially the ones that might affect my
         | area.
         | 
         | But it might be more like: "Yet another hurricane cause by
         | weather." Not really a story, since they all have been. The
         | opposite, though, that'd be a real story: "Hurricane not caused
         | by weather!"
        
           | Huffers2 wrote:
           | Sorry, I edited my comment at the same time you posted your
           | comment - leading to yours to not have the proper context.
           | 
           | (For the record I wrote something about things that happen
           | frequently not being news)
        
         | georgeglue1 wrote:
         | It's obviously super hazy, but it's worth clarifying that being
         | developed in the lab != originating from the lab.
         | 
         | From what I've heard on Chinese social media, there are a bunch
         | of plausible sounding theories.
         | 
         | For a lot of jobs in China, it's expected that there's moderate
         | incompetence or grift.
         | 
         | For example, say the lab has a bunch of extra animal samples
         | (mice, bats, w/e). Someone in the cleaning staff could make a
         | few extra $ by selling those samples to a wholesaler at the
         | local wetmarket (to be turned into dogfood, etc.); maybe they
         | only meant to sell the clean samples, but got things mixed up.
        
         | whiddershins wrote:
         | If I'm walking down the street and get surprised with a punch
         | in the face I assume it was intentional, even if there are many
         | scenarios in which it could be accidental.
        
           | alacombe wrote:
           | Accidental or intentional is irrelevant.
        
       | daly wrote:
       | For expert opinion on this subject listen to actual virologists.
       | They do a podcast about 2-3 times a week.
       | 
       | https://www.microbe.tv/twiv/
        
         | Graffur wrote:
         | Something that has been exposed a lot during this pandemic:
         | expert opinions
        
         | hfjfktkrkf wrote:
         | Ok then. Let's watch TWiV 615, where they interview Peter
         | Daszak, the virologist which headed the recent WHO origin
         | seeking mission in China.
         | 
         | Listen to him talk about how easy is to modify coronaviruses in
         | labs and how they are actually doing this, mixing and matching
         | viruses at 29:50:
         | 
         | > _Well, coronaviruses are pretty good... you can manipulate
         | them in the lab pretty easily. Spike protein drives a lot what
         | happens in a coronavirus. Zoonotic risk. So you can get the
         | sequence, you can bulid a protein, and we work with Ralph Baric
         | at UNC to do this, insert into the backbone of another virus,
         | and do some work in the lab, so you can get more predictive,
         | when you find a sequence._
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/IdYDL_RK--w
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | Oh yeah, how reliable the experts were all along during this
         | pandemic. We should be so glad we had them from day 1.
        
         | pretendscholar wrote:
         | Could you summarize their arguments rather than drop a content
         | bomb and run away? Its really lazy and unproductive.
        
         | TearsInTheRain wrote:
         | Their main argument in the podcast is that the scientist in the
         | lab says that they were not working on this virus and "even
         | with the central control of china there is no way they could
         | keep that secret". That argument is not going to hold a lot of
         | water with people
        
           | is-ought wrote:
           | Eh, 'trust the experts' works in most other cases.
        
           | coliveira wrote:
           | > That argument is not going to hold a lot of water with
           | people
           | 
           | Yeah, because people prefer to hold their pet conspiracy
           | theories.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | > "even with the central control of china there is no way
           | they could keep that secret"
           | 
           | Funny, we have thousands of people in certain countries in
           | three letters organizations who can keep secrets just fine.
        
         | jacknews wrote:
         | They don't cite any evidence to refute a lab accident, and the
         | 'clubby' atmosphere raises suspicion that they dismiss the
         | possibility on the grounds that 'we're all professionals, free
         | to say what we want, free from government coercion, etc', but
         | perhaps that does not reflect reality.
        
           | refenestrator wrote:
           | There's no evidence to refute, though, besides the fact that
           | the lab exists. It's pure speculation either way.
        
         | ciupicri wrote:
         | So I should listen to all podcasts?
        
           | wolfram74 wrote:
           | Podcasts run on a given domain run by domain experts are
           | certainly a good step above, epistemologically speaking, than
           | a lot of news source on said domain. Obviously you can't be
           | 100% sure any statement about the physical world is true, so
           | you know, believe what you want.
        
       | tbenst wrote:
       | This article is written by a journalist who is clearly
       | knowledgeable about safety practices and mistakes in US labs, but
       | does not consider the extensive knowledge we have about the
       | sequence of SARS-COV2. The preponderance of evidence supports a
       | natural origin of the virus.
       | 
       | This is no way exonerates the Wuhan government from possible
       | culpability--indeed government officials did deliberately
       | suppress information--but this investigative opinion doesn't pass
       | scientific muster. Misinformation.
       | 
       | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0820-9
        
         | garmaine wrote:
         | I think you are confusing "lab leak" with "lab manufactured."
        
           | karmasimida wrote:
           | Why would it be more feasible this virus is leaked from the
           | lab other than some wild animals from the market itself?
           | 
           | Either can be equally believable yet impossible to prove.
        
             | garmaine wrote:
             | There are cases in Wuhan which predate the wet market
             | cluster. That appears to have been a super spreading event
             | but not the origin.
             | 
             | The bats this disease come from we're not being sold in the
             | market at this time. They're out of season. So already the
             | theory is assuming a multi-animal hop (some other wild
             | animal got in contact with a bat and got infected, then
             | captured and moved a thousand kilometers to the wet market
             | and killed).
             | 
             | Meanwhile the bio lab in Wuhan received a sample of
             | infectious coronavirus just months prior to the earliest
             | known case. Within a few weeks of the outbreak while China
             | was still downplaying the disease, the central government
             | passed a rushed emergency safety rules update for these
             | labs, starts pushing back on requests for access, and using
             | state media to throw out a bunch of crazy theories about
             | external origin.
             | 
             | Anyone with half a brain can connect the dots.
        
               | jounker wrote:
               | It's likely that this is derived from a pangolin virus.
               | Pangolins are most definitely traded at Chinese wet
               | markets.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | If it was within a few weeks of the outbreak, then it
               | wasn't likely the cause. As seen in other countries, the
               | # of cases takes a while to ramp up, and it wouldn't go
               | from a release to a couple thousand deaths in such a
               | short time span.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | The open question is: are there cases even before those,
               | and outside Wuhan?
        
           | tbenst wrote:
           | On the contrary. A leak implies that something was contained.
           | Notwithstanding the complete lack of evidence for a leak--and
           | one could waste a lifetime trying to disprove claims that
           | have no evidence-if of natural origin, the virus was already
           | infecting animals and/or people.
        
             | notsobig wrote:
             | What's your point?
             | 
             | If a bio research lab is accidentally allowing the public
             | to come in contact with anything it is studying, this is
             | something we need to
             | 
             | 1. investigate
             | 
             | 2. identify
             | 
             | 3. prevent
             | 
             | Saying "it's possible this could have happened anyway" is
             | not meaningful. I would prefer we identify how it _did_
             | happen. If a lab leaked it, this would inform future
             | discussions on what lab practices and research projects
             | have acceptable risk /reward.
             | 
             | Ignoring the possibility this leaked from a lab until you
             | have bulletproof evidence is nonsensical, particularly when
             | investigator access is restricted. This, more than
             | anything, is the point the article is making. Lab
             | containment failures have a well documented history.
        
             | garmaine wrote:
             | The lab had samples of a disease that is remarkably close
             | to COVID-19: https://nypost.com/2020/08/15/covid-19-first-
             | appeared-in-chi...
        
         | tripletao wrote:
         | In roughest form, Andersen is saying "SARS-CoV-2 doesn't
         | closely resemble any existing known virus, so it wasn't
         | produced by genetic manipulation of existing known viruses".
         | 
         | I think that's true, but it ignores the possibility that the
         | WIV was working with new viruses with unpublished genomes. The
         | WIV routinely organized expeditions to remote bat caves to
         | collect samples. There's naturally some delay between sampling,
         | sequencing, and publishing, no conspiracy required. For
         | example, RaTG13, the closest known animal virus to SARS-CoV-2,
         | was collected by the WIV in 2013 but published only after the
         | start of the pandemic.
         | 
         | The WIV had a private database of viral genomes; but they took
         | it offline in September 2019, they say due to hacking attempts.
         | They haven't brought it back up, and the WHO has declined to
         | ask for a copy.
         | 
         | SARS-CoV-2 certainly could be a naturally-evolved virus first
         | transmitted from an animal to a non-scientist human. It could
         | also be a naturally-evolved virus collected and accidentally
         | released by the WIV, or a recombinant of multiple such viruses,
         | or the descendant of such a virus after serial passaging.
         | Nothing in Andersen's argument distinguishes any of these
         | possibilities.
         | 
         | But don't trust me; check out Marc Lipsitch's Twitter feed
         | today, or David Relman's article:
         | 
         | > Some have argued that a deliberate engineering scenario is
         | unlikely because one would not have had the insight a priori to
         | design the current pandemic virus (3). This argument fails to
         | acknowledge the possibility that two or more as yet undisclosed
         | ancestors (i.e., more proximal ancestors than RaTG13 and
         | RmYN02) had already been discovered and were being studied in a
         | laboratory--for example, one with the SARS-CoV-2 backbone and
         | spike protein receptor-binding domain, and the other with the
         | SARS-CoV-2 polybasic furin cleavage site. It would have been a
         | logical next step to wonder about the properties of a
         | recombinant virus and then create it in the laboratory.
         | 
         | https://www.pnas.org/content/117/47/29246
         | 
         | This isn't a conspiracy theory, and it's not even a fringe
         | viewpoint anymore. It's just a reasonable step in investigating
         | the yet-unknown origin of what could be the worst industrial
         | accident in human history.
        
           | tbenst wrote:
           | Thank you for this thoughtful post! I learned something and
           | would like to revise my opinion. Also came across this
           | excellent article that covers some of the scientific
           | discussion: https://undark.org/2021/03/17/lab-leak-science-
           | lost-in-polit....
           | 
           | I now think the lab leak hypothesis is worth considering, and
           | regret labeling as a conspiracy theory, although I maintain
           | the characterization that the lab leak hypothesis is
           | frequently found alongside other conspiracy theories.
           | 
           | I also would maintain that the current consensus is that
           | SARS-COV-2 came from natural spillover, and the leak
           | hypothesis is a minority opinion, but one held by credible
           | scientists with well-thought arguments and therefore worth
           | considering. I wish the original article would cite this
           | work.
        
         | SpaceRaccoon wrote:
         | You are indeed misunderstanding the point.
         | 
         | Smallpox is also naturally originating virus. That doesn't
         | prohibit it from leaking from a lab.
        
           | tbenst wrote:
           | The author is irresponsibility propagating a conspiracy
           | theory and elevating its status in the public's mind.
           | 
           | I'm a bioscientist. It's frustrating to respond with evidence
           | and in good faith, and be downvoted by those who simply
           | disagree. But sadly it appears that the loudest voice
           | prevails over reason.
           | 
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00599-7
        
             | whiddershins wrote:
             | I, like many others, would truly like to be pointed to
             | resources that can help me understand what would lead bio
             | scientists to this conclusion.
             | 
             | Make no mistake, I am super well aware that I lack all the
             | grounding to understand the explanation.
             | 
             | But can you point me in the right direction? The context
             | surrounding what you are saying must be learnable. At least
             | to some level.
        
               | tbenst wrote:
               | Your request is admirable! Here's how I go about
               | gathering info:
               | 
               | Google "covid 19 origin evidence", look for academic
               | publications or scientific journalism that is well-cited
               | & from reputable sources, eg
               | 
               | [1] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-01205-5
               | [2] https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2020-05-09/was-
               | the-cor... [3] https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-
               | perspective/2020/05/scientis... [4] https://www.nationalg
               | eographic.com/science/article/coronavir...
               | 
               | We really need to do better with scientific
               | communication. As scientists we are evaluated too much on
               | our communication with other scientists (ie paper
               | publishing), while communication with the public is not
               | weighed much for career advancement. I wish this
               | structural problem would be discussed more so it can be
               | addressed.
               | 
               | But not all of this is on the scientists. The public must
               | do better. We can't just blindly trust what a senator
               | says on Fox News for political expedience, or "trust our
               | gut".
        
               | drocer88 wrote:
               | There are other results, too. For instance ... https://on
               | linelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jmv.26478
               | "However, the SARS-CoV-2 host tropism/adaptation pattern
               | has significant discrepancies compared with other CoVs,
               | raising questions concerning the proximal origin of SARS-
               | CoV-2. The flat and nonsunken surface of the sialic acid-
               | binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S protein)
               | conflicts with the general adaptation and survival
               | pattern observed for all other CoV" .
               | https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/coronavirus-lab-
               | esca... : "There are indeed many unexplained features of
               | this virus that are hard if not impossible to explain
               | based on a completely natural origin." Richard Ebright, a
               | molecular biologist at Rutgers University, wrote that
               | he'd been concerned for some years about the Wuhan
               | laboratory and about the work being done there to create
               | "chimeric" (i.e., hybrid) SARS-related bat coronaviruses
               | "with enhanced human infectivity." Ebright said, "In this
               | context, the news of a novel coronavirus in Wuhan *
               | _screamed*_ lab release."
               | 
               | I couldn't find anything on Fox News.
        
             | SpaceRaccoon wrote:
             | Could you explain why evidence that the virus evolved
             | naturally contradicts the lab-leak theory? I'm all ears and
             | waiting to hear the reasoning. As others have pointed out,
             | lab-leak does not imply artificially developed.
             | 
             | > I'm a bioscientist.
             | 
             | And I'm a Bayesian analyst. Surely your position is that it
             | is a coincidence that:
             | 
             | - the virus appeared to originate in Wuhan
             | 
             | - genome sequences from patients were 96% or 89% identical
             | to the Bat CoV ZC45 coronavirus originally found in
             | Rhinolophus affinis
             | 
             | - The bats carrying CoV ZC45 were originally found in
             | Yunnan or Zhejiang province, both of which are more than
             | 900 kilometers away Wuhan
             | 
             | - According to municipal reports and the testimonies of 31
             | residents and 28 visitors, the bat was never a food source
             | in the city, and no bat was traded in the market
             | 
             | - Wuhan is home to two laboratories conducting research on
             | bat coronavirus
             | 
             | - Within ~280 meters from the market, there was the Wuhan
             | Center for Disease Control & Prevention (WHCDC). WHCDC
             | hosted animals in laboratories for research purposes. In
             | one of their studies, 155 bats including Rhinolophus
             | affinis were captured in Hubei province, and other 450 bats
             | were captured in Zhejiang province
             | 
             | - one of the researchers described that he was once by
             | attacked by bats and the blood of a bat shot on his skin.
             | In another accident, bats peed on him. He was once thrilled
             | for capturing a bat carrying a live tick
             | 
             | Not conclusive by any means, but I have yet to hear
             | reasoning by which we should exclude the lab-leak theory,
             | besides that the virus evolved naturally, which does not
             | contradict the lab-leak theory whatsoever.
             | 
             | Also, from your article:
             | 
             | > As a team of researchers from the WHO
             | 
             | This WHO? [0][1] Doesn't instill much confidence in me, to
             | be sure.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UlCYFh8U2xM
             | 
             | [1] https://www.voanews.com/science-health/coronavirus-
             | outbreak/...
        
               | tbenst wrote:
               | No, it is not a coincidence.
               | 
               | There are a lot of bats in Wuhan. There are a lot of bats
               | carrying coronaviruses. Coronaviruses have triggered past
               | epidemics. Ergo, there's an institute for virology in
               | Wuhan.
               | 
               | Listen starting at 6:30 in the podcast I posted from
               | Nature. There is indeed strong correlation but no causal
               | relationship established.
        
               | SpaceRaccoon wrote:
               | > There are a lot of bats in Wuhan.
               | 
               | Except everything I've read indicates the bats carrying
               | the most closely related virus are not in Wuhan, not even
               | close:
               | 
               | > The SARS-CoV-2 virus is most closely related to
               | coronaviruses found in certain populations of horseshoe
               | bats that live about 1,000 miles (1,600 kilometers) away
               | in Yunnan province, China. [0]
               | 
               | [0] https://www.livescience.com/coronavirus-wuhan-lab-
               | complicate...
               | 
               | So why would the virus so strongly appear to originate in
               | Wuhan, and not in another city, closer to the bats'
               | native regions? Appears quite statically unlikely.
        
               | tbenst wrote:
               | What you're saying is all possible. But there's no
               | evidence to support leak from a lab, and there is a lot
               | of evidence supporting the natural spillover hypothesis.
               | As such, the latter interpretation is more likely to be
               | correct.
               | 
               | For example, there were cases as early as December 2019
               | that did not come from Wuhan. Wuhan was no doubt a key
               | early hotspot.
               | 
               | https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/01/wuhan-seafood-
               | market...
               | 
               | There has been rigorous scholarship done on this
               | question. I recommend reading it given your interest in
               | the subject.
        
               | Enginerrrd wrote:
               | The article that you linked, if anything, offers more
               | support for a lab leak.
               | 
               | Chiefly, it says that there is evidence that not only did
               | the virus NOT originate from an animal source in the
               | seafood market, but they suggest that Chinese officials
               | knew that it did NOT originate in the Market, yet they
               | issued statements saying that it did anyway.
        
               | caminante wrote:
               | _> For example, there were cases as early as December
               | 2019 that did not come from Wuhan._
               | 
               | No.
               | 
               | This isn't deducible from the article YOU linked!
               | 
               | Not having a link to the seafood marketplace in Wuhan !=
               | originating from outside Wuhan.
               | 
               |  _> The paper, written by a large group of Chinese
               | researchers _
               | 
               | _> Their data also show that, in total, 13 of the 41
               | cases had no link to the marketplace._
               | 
               |  _> the virus possibly spread silently between people in
               | Wuhan--and perhaps elsewhere--before the cluster of cases
               | from the city's now-infamous Huanan Seafood Wholesale
               | Market was discovered in late December._
        
               | SpaceRaccoon wrote:
               | Thanks for the link.
               | 
               | I read the article, but it only states that the first
               | case from December was not linked to the seafood market
               | ("wet market"), but not that it occurred outside of
               | Wuhan. Did I misread something?
               | 
               | By the way, early on I believed that the virus jumped to
               | humans at the seafood market, which was the prevailing
               | theory at the time, it seemed. But as evidence like the
               | above article came out - noting that many early cases had
               | no link to the seafood market, while still being in Wuhan
               | - it raised suspicions, and lent credence to the lab-leak
               | theory.
               | 
               | > There has been rigorous scholarship done on this
               | question. I recommend reading it given your interest in
               | the subject.
               | 
               | I do, but I'm not convinced. A lot of reporting either
               | relies on appeal to authority ("I'm a PhD, and this
               | couldn't possibly happen, so don't question it"), or is
               | purposely obtuse, confusing lab-leak with lab-
               | synthesized, and by dodging the point, hardly alleviates
               | suspicion.
               | 
               | You must understandably excuse me for being a sceptic. I
               | started wearing masks back in February or March, against
               | the advice of the CDC who was telling me masks increase
               | the rate of spread. At the same time I believed that
               | borders should be closed to limit the rate of spread,
               | while the WHO was telling me that closing borders would
               | do no such thing.
               | 
               | So I am not going to believe something just because an
               | expert tells me to, nor do I find it at all scientific to
               | dismiss politically inconvenient possibilities.
        
               | caminante wrote:
               | The study also calls into question information reported
               | by Chinese authorities.
               | 
               |  _> The Lancet paper's data also raise questions about
               | the accuracy of the initial information China provided,
               | Lucey says._
               | 
               | If anything, this source strengthens the possibility of
               | lab leak hypothesis.
        
               | drran wrote:
               | Virus is absent in blood or urine.
        
               | Enginerrrd wrote:
               | Viruses behave very differently in different species. For
               | example, I think ebola can be airborne in pigs because it
               | binds to receptors in pig lung cells and is more of a
               | respiratory disease for them. It doesn't have a great
               | affinity to human lung cells however so it's NOT airborne
               | in humans.
        
               | SpaceRaccoon wrote:
               | I'm not suggesting that either fluid was the pathway by
               | which the virus jumped to humans, nor do I know how it
               | happened, only that evidence suggests researchers
               | interact closely with the animals.
               | 
               | And I am not ready to dismiss the theory but I am always
               | open to hearing evidence to exclude the theory.
        
               | ineptech wrote:
               | > And I'm a Bayesian analyst. Surely your position is
               | that it is a coincidence that...
               | 
               | Then you ought to know that seeing more circumstantial
               | evidence for A than B does _not_ imply that A is more
               | likely. What would imply that A is more likely is if you
               | find more circumstantial evidence for A than whatever
               | amount you would expect to find if A didn 't happen.
               | 
               | That's why good Bayesians place so little weight on
               | circumstantial evidence: because it's difficult or
               | impossible to predict the expected amount of
               | circumstantial evidence for something that didn't happen.
               | It would involve answering questions like, "When a novel
               | coronavirus moves from the animal population to humans
               | _without_ a lab accident, what are the odds that it will
               | happen within X miles of a lab studying such viruses? "
               | That's pretty difficult to answer, given that we don't
               | know a lot about how or why that happens yet.
               | 
               | And it shouldn't even need to be said that this all goes
               | double when the thing being argued over is political
               | (because, even if you personally are unbiased, the people
               | gathering and publishing the evidence you rely on may not
               | be) and treble when the evidence is technical and outside
               | your area of expertise.
        
               | polartx wrote:
               | Archiving this before it's removed for 'elevating an idea
               | to the public mind'
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | reducesuffering wrote:
             | Empirically, HN collectively gets things like this right
             | much more often than not. It's been right about the coming
             | pandemic as early as beginning of Feb, it's been right
             | about masks when it was dismissed by CDC, and lab leak
             | hypothesis has been dismissed as crank the whole time while
             | building more and more of an implausible case that it
             | wasn't lab-leaked. HN has been coming around to that too.
             | Of course, nothing is conclusive yet but you're actually
             | furthering the damages caused by misinformation by grouping
             | this into it. If lab leak comes to fruition, there's just
             | going to be further outrage against traditional authority
             | sources of info that gets things wrong, railing against
             | people like you who called their correct hypothesis
             | misinformation.
        
               | the_cat_kittles wrote:
               | ive been here for a decade... its my opinion that HN very
               | much does NOT get things like this right more often than
               | not. its very hard to even guage what the hn opinion is
               | to begin with
        
             | TurkishPoptart wrote:
             | Can you explain why you are calling a plausible theory a
             | "conspiracy theory" when it is something that indeed has
             | happened in world history more than once?
        
             | rpsw wrote:
             | What is your opinion the open letter, as mentioned in the
             | article: https://s.wsj.net/public/resources/documents/COVID
             | %20OPEN%20...
             | 
             | Would you say the signatories are being irresponsible or
             | are not qualified to suggest the lab-leak theory is worth
             | investigating?
        
         | throwawaysea wrote:
         | The virus can be of a natural origin and still be leaked from a
         | lab. Virology labs study copies of viruses regularly through
         | various techniques
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gain_of_function_research).
         | People keep conflating the possibility of an _engineered_ virus
         | with the possibility of a lab leak. They don 't have to go
         | together.
         | 
         | Furthermore, the WHO's own team admitted recently that they
         | were simply not equipped to do any kind of forensic
         | investigation of the lab
         | (https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/world-health-
         | organizat...):
         | 
         | > [Dominic Dwyer, a medical virologist at New South Wales
         | Health Pathology in Sydney, Australia, and a member of the WHO
         | team] says that the team didn't see anything during its visits
         | to suggest a lab accident. "Now, whether we were shown
         | everything? You can never know. The group wasn't designed to go
         | and do a forensic examination of lab practice."
         | 
         | Even if they were appropriately equipped for such an
         | investigation, what's the use when China had blocked their
         | visits until a year later, when they've had ample time to cover
         | any evidence. The whole situation is highly suspicious, from
         | the initial suppression of news reports of the virus, to
         | delaying international lab visits, to the deletion of studies
         | from that Wuhan lab
         | (https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/13701168/covid-cover-up-
         | china-...).
        
         | synergy20 wrote:
         | I recall China passed an urgent law at lightening speed to
         | enforce safe practice in the bio-virus-labs across the nation a
         | few weeks after the outbreak. It might tell you something.
         | 
         | Also it refused fiercely to let foreign experts in to
         | investigate, which is also hard to explain other than something
         | MUST be hidden at all costs.
        
           | esja wrote:
           | They also sent a Major General from the PLA to take over the
           | lab. She since led the team which developed the Chinese
           | vaccine.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen_Wei_(medical_scientist)
        
           | notsobig wrote:
           | "urgent law at lightning speed" is unnecessary and extreme
           | bias. It might tell me something if you included a source.
           | 
           | A rational actor would take the opportunity to do this
           | regardless of whether or not the source was known at the
           | time. If it were even a possibility, you would hope they
           | would use the outbreak as a reminder to take containment
           | practices as seriously as possible.
           | 
           | Whether or not to allow foreign investigators is a political
           | decision. Maybe they calculated it would appear as an
           | admission of guilt or incompetence.
        
             | polartx wrote:
             | >A rational actor...
             | 
             | Let's remember this is China we're talking about. Before
             | you hand wave that away, consider the emphasis that China
             | places on keeping-up-appearances at practically any cost
        
               | notsobig wrote:
               | Honestly this is not relevant. My comment was not "what i
               | think happened", it was "your argument is tilted crap".
               | The action allegedly taken is not evidence of guilt, is
               | all I was saying.
        
         | tomp wrote:
         | > Misinformation.
         | 
         | from the article you linked to:
         | 
         | > Our analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory
         | construct or a purposefully manipulated virus.
         | 
         |  _You 're_ the one spreading FUD, intentionally misinterpreting
         | the original article and making up a fake argument that "lab
         | leak" hypothesis somehow contradicts "natural origin" and
         | implies that the virus was "designed". (If I understand the
         | article correctly, "purposefully manipulated" means
         | "genetically manipulated", not "gain of function".) Flagged.
        
           | tbenst wrote:
           | If you're open hearing new information and revising your
           | position, please consider listening to the podcast from
           | Nature that I linked to in another comment. It's not
           | controversial nor misleading to say that the scientific
           | community views the "lab leak" hypothesis as a conspiracy
           | theory. The main segment starts around 6:30.
           | 
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00599-7
        
       | mancerayder wrote:
       | How soon before stuff like this is marked as misinformation if it
       | isn't coming from established media outlets? You know, dangerous
       | conspiracy theories, and all that. Real world consequences, etc.
       | and so forth.
        
         | draw_down wrote:
         | Yes, this is my issue as well. If you contradict the experts,
         | you're a crackpot... but then a couple months later the experts
         | start to say the things the crackpots had been saying... and
         | then it's acceptable.
        
         | wallawe wrote:
         | Are you saying an opinion piece stating that we should leave
         | open the possibility of a leak is misinformation? That doesn't
         | make any sense.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | Not OP, but I'm assuming he was arguing that, given that the
           | major social media platforms have said they will remove any
           | Covid information that is misleading, would they even allow
           | posts like this "suggesting the possibility of a Wuhan lab
           | leak is plausible".
           | 
           | Note Facebook has previously explicitly banned posts "falsely
           | claiming the virus is man-made". Source:
           | https://www.npr.org/2021/02/08/965390755/facebook-widens-
           | ban...
        
             | bosswipe wrote:
             | From FB's policy
             | https://www.facebook.com/help/230764881494641
             | " Claims that it was created by an individual, government,
             | or country              Excluding claims that it was
             | studied in, came from, or leaked from a lab without
             | specifically calling it man-made"
             | 
             | So discussing possibility of a lab leak is not a problem,
             | it's the deliberate bioweapon aspect that they're banning.
             | "The goal of this policy is to remove common viral hoaxes
             | that have been repeatedly debunked by independent fact-
             | checkers."
        
               | mancerayder wrote:
               | How are these Fact Checkers to decide on a complicated
               | and political question like a Wuhan lab leak hypothesis?
               | They have a claim to truth, based on what credentials or
               | mechanisms, that the rest of us don't have access to?
        
               | polartx wrote:
               | https://youtu.be/l7o4A16QCxE
               | 
               | Hidden camera investigation of Facebook moderators (ie
               | fact checkers)
        
               | ttt0 wrote:
               | > So discussing possibility of a lab leak is not a
               | problem, it's the deliberate bioweapon aspect that
               | they're banning.
               | 
               | And the virus being man-made is not a possibility?
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/news/engineered-bat-virus-stirs-
               | debat...
        
             | mancerayder wrote:
             | That's exactly it. They're not trying to crack down on
             | misinformation, they're just trying to create a monopoly
             | wherein established outlets are able to filter what's True
             | and grey out what is False or Misleading.
        
               | ttt0 wrote:
               | They're fact-checking goddamn memes. Recently they "fact-
               | checked" a meme with Joker on it and text "The truth will
               | set you free. Except on Facebook, where it will get you a
               | 30 day ban", and called it "missing context". Now the
               | entire fanpage is gone.
        
           | bedhead wrote:
           | I guess you haven't been paying attention to what's happening
           | with tech companies who get to control types of media.
        
           | mancerayder wrote:
           | No, I was echoing the mainstream media and many articles -
           | including on this very site - pushing and wishing and
           | demanding a crackdown on misinformation. And I sarcastically
           | asked the crowd whether this article means only mainstream
           | media outlets are allowed, permitted, to suggest
           | conspiracies.
        
       | cblconfederate wrote:
       | It will be interesting if the cause of the pandemic can be pinned
       | down to specific time, place and person
        
       | woodruffw wrote:
       | My understanding of the author's central thesis is this: the US,
       | despite its world-class virology and disease study labs,
       | regularly has lapses in procedure that regularly lead to
       | situations in which the public might be exposed. Given that this
       | is happening in our own backyard, we might reasonably expect
       | countries of similar status (like China) to experience similar
       | lapses.
       | 
       | That reads as reasonable to me, but raises a subsequent question:
       | if these lapses are so common and so many countries possess the
       | capacity for serious mistakes, why _don 't_ we see more regular
       | outbreaks (if not full-blown pandemics) caused by labs? In other
       | words, what makes COVID _special_? I didn 't find a satisfactory
       | answer to the latter question in the article.
       | 
       | It's my (uninformed, uneducated) opinion that the severity of the
       | author's claims don't correspond to the reality of the last few
       | national and international disease crises (AIDS, Ebola, Zika,
       | COVID). Which isn't to say that we should absolutely dismiss the
       | possibility that COVID originated in a lab, only that claims that
       | it did amount to currently unsubstantiated claims about COVID's
       | special status among other recent pandemics.
        
         | fendy3002 wrote:
         | Covid is special because it's highly contagious and has delayed
         | symptoms.
         | 
         | However in my opinion, chinese governments (esp. lower levels)
         | like to lower the severity of any issue / risks and they like
         | to repress / solve the issue with local power until it is
         | solved or gets too big. The central gov that like to hide
         | wrongdoings aren't helping either.
         | 
         | In case of covid, they either underrate the severity or tried
         | to suppress the outbreak locally, which they failed and it
         | already spread too wide enough to be contained.
         | 
         | If covid outbreak happened in europe or us, I believe it'll
         | spread almost the same, albeit slower and you'll knew faster
         | since it'll be in news faster.
        
         | esja wrote:
         | In general labs are not both a) bad at safety, and also b)
         | doing gain of function research to make dangerous viruses more
         | infectious to humans. The latter has been banned a few times
         | due to the risk (see below). Both A and B were happening in
         | Wuhan.
         | 
         | "In 2014, after a series of accidents involving mishandled
         | pathogens at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
         | the NIH announced that it would stop funding gain-of-function
         | research into certain viruses -- including influenza, severe
         | acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory
         | syndrome (MERS) -- that have the potential to unleash a
         | pandemic or epidemic if they escaped from the lab. Some
         | researchers said the broad ban threatened necessary flu-
         | surveillance and vaccine research."
         | 
         | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00210-5
         | 
         | p.s. The US NIH did ultimately stop funding that research
         | locally, but continued funding it in Wuhan. Including the exact
         | type of virus we're dealing with now.
        
         | lamontcg wrote:
         | The biggest difference between all of those and this virus is
         | that those were leaks of already-known viruses. SARS-CoV-2
         | wasn't known to exist before 2019 and there's no known
         | precursor virus. There's a somewhat closely related virus that
         | infected the miners in Yunnan but it was only 96% similar.
         | There's nothing at all in this article on how SARS-CoV-2 was
         | discovered or created.
         | 
         | The problem I have is that China isn't interested in
         | investigating the start of the pandemic. They've thrown away
         | their wastewater samples, there's some evidence WHO found of
         | SARS-CoV-2 spreading locally prior to December 2019, but no
         | backtesting of any samples. Nobody seems to be looking at the
         | bats in Hubei for sarbecoviruses.
         | 
         | By blocking study of the zoonotic origin of the pandemic, they
         | can use the theory it was imported in food for domestic
         | propaganda. For external propaganda they're happy to have
         | conspiracy theories flying about this lab leak theory creating
         | a "firehose of falsehoods" and distractions. They can rely on
         | American scientists to get engaged with the conspiracy theory
         | and debunk it, wasting their efforts and then they can use that
         | also for domestic propaganda.
         | 
         | Meanwhile nobody gets fucking outraged that China isn't
         | properly investigating the origin of the virus and isn't
         | aggressively looking at the bats in Hubei and any animal farms
         | in the surrounding area. My suspicion is that animal farms
         | (like minks) functioned as a bioreactor that had many
         | opportunities to spillover from bats and then the close contact
         | allowed it to spread well and mutate to optimize it for a more
         | human-like ACE2 receptor, then the mink contact with humans
         | allowed multiple spillover events until it started to spread
         | epidemically in humans.
        
           | boomboomsubban wrote:
           | >The problem I have is that China isn't interested in
           | investigating the start of the pandemic.
           | 
           | Why should they be interested? We know how SARS type viruses
           | can spread to humans, we know what other species are
           | vulnerable, and we know what things make it more or less
           | likely. A new outbreak was not a surprising result. What
           | benefit is there to aggressively investigating the exact
           | transmission method?
           | 
           | If your mink idea was found to be accurate, would you
           | advocate closing mink farms? It being the source this time
           | doesn't make it likely to cause the next transferrable virus.
        
             | throwaway53453 wrote:
             | I'd argue China needs to engage in proper sanitation and
             | stop treating citizens as disposable.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please do not post nationalistic flamebait to HN. It
               | leads to flamewars, which we're trying to avoid here.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
               | 
               | While I have you: could you please stop creating accounts
               | for every few comments you post? We ban accounts that do
               | that. This is in the site guidelines:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html.
               | 
               | You needn't use your real name, of course, but for HN to
               | be a community, users need some identity for other users
               | to relate to. Otherwise we may as well have no usernames
               | and no community, and that would be a different kind of
               | forum. https://hn.algolia.com/?query=community%20identity
               | %20by:dang...
        
             | kittiepryde wrote:
             | Science is about collecting data, verifying, collecting
             | more, in a repeating never ending cycle. Stopping science
             | (especially in areas of active present day research) in the
             | belief that we know and are done with it, just isn't sound
             | logic. Viruses are not yet solved.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | SkyPuncher wrote:
         | If this Wuhan lab theory is correct, I think the wet markets
         | play a huge role in the outbreak. They place a huge number of
         | diverse, weakened, living animal in a relatively confined area.
         | This seems to give an ideal breeding ground for a leaked virus
         | - which perhaps can be incubated in a host species found at the
         | wet market. Either the animals are in too poor of condition to
         | notice the infection or they're a natural reservoir - eliciting
         | no symptoms.
         | 
         | My understanding is most other countries don't have wet markets
         | like China does. Even if a virus escapes, it may not have
         | access to the hosts it needs truly become problematic.
        
         | orblivion wrote:
         | The hypothesis is (or maybe this part is established fact?)
         | that this lab was conducting Gain of Function research:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gain_of_function_research
         | 
         | It's purposely evolving diseases to spread faster or be more
         | dangerous, for the sake of research. As I understand, it's at
         | least a bit controversial. So maybe there's not as much of it
         | going on as other research? If so, there probably wouldn't be
         | as much opportunity for it to escape. But now that it has (per
         | the hypothesis), it's ready to be very contagious right out of
         | the gate. Thus, pandemic.
        
           | 2-tpg wrote:
           | Established fact. Biowarfare is often coated as "defense": we
           | need to develop vaccines for future viruses or engineered
           | pathogens. The offense is top secret.
           | 
           | SARS-COV are classed Category C pathogen by CDC, in line with
           | Hanta virus. SARS-COV is documented as a viable bioweapon,
           | precisely for the things we have seen in the last year.
           | 
           | The hypothesis is that this lab (and labs in Iran, China and
           | Iran share biowarfare research) was conducting gene-targeted
           | coronavirus research. Using proxy DNA-testing companies
           | serving Western populace to get their data. A good weaponized
           | coronavirus would have an extremely high R. It would look
           | similar to the flu in the first stages. Then at a later stage
           | (after two weeks) it would deliver a "payload" in the brains
           | of the targeted genes, stopping breathing or causing
           | haemorrhage. The non-targeted races would just have a flu and
           | contribute to the spread. Other engineered viruses focus on
           | plausible deniability, straining the hospitals with patients
           | with vague symptoms, hard enough to visit the hospital and
           | contribute to the strain on public services, soft enough not
           | to actually kill them. It would throw the targeted country
           | into chaos and unprepared for a war.
        
         | medymed wrote:
         | Other viruses do escape the lab sometimes. The first SARS virus
         | escaped the lab more than once.
         | 
         | https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/gb-...
        
           | woodruffw wrote:
           | I'm not claiming that they don't! The article has multiple
           | examples of viruses escaping either individual containment or
           | the lab outright.
           | 
           | What I'm claiming is that the _volume_ of attributed escapes
           | indicates that the average escape has relatively local
           | consequences. In other words: historically, when _everything_
           | goes wrong, it hasn 't resulted in a global pandemic. What,
           | then, made or makes COVID special?
           | 
           | Maybe the answer is raw numbers, and that it was bound to
           | happen eventually. But "one of these incidents was bound to
           | cause a global pandemic" is the _exact_ same reasoning as the
           | (original, still mainstream?)  "wet market" theory. What I'd
           | personally like to know is why I should believe one over the
           | other, apart from human propensity to believe conspiratorial
           | claims.
        
             | koheripbal wrote:
             | COVID-19 is special because it doesn't cause severe illness
             | in most people. SARS killed a far far higher percentage of
             | people it came in contact with, and made 100% of them sick,
             | so it was much more easily detected, and therefore
             | contained.
        
               | rcpt wrote:
               | Right. The last case of smallpox was from a lab leak but
               | people knew better than to fuck around with that.
               | 
               | Covid is asymptomatic and mild enough in enough people
               | that masks get political
        
           | Enginerrrd wrote:
           | Both in China no less.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | The difference is easy. It's an aerosol. Known leaks from
         | biological weapons programs are mostly things like anthrax.
         | 
         | That also makes the biological warfare scenario less likely --
         | armies like to control where the bomb goes.
         | 
         | The other factor to discount this conjecture is that if you
         | hear about covid as a biological weapon, it's less likely to be
         | true as it would potentially expose research in other places.
         | If China is doing this, the US, Russia and others are too.
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | Lab outbreaks with numerous civilian fatalities are not
         | unprecedented:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverdlovsk_anthrax_leak
         | 
         | The official cover-up initially was blaming the outbreak on
         | contaminated meat from a wet market.
        
         | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
         | COVID hits the sweet spot of infectiousness, asymptomatic
         | spread, incubation time, and low mortality. I would expect the
         | R of Ebola to be pretty low in developed countries. People wash
         | their hands more often when every place you go to has running
         | water, and if you show Ebola symptoms, you're going to the
         | hospital, and if it's a hospital with a city that has a BSL4
         | lab, there isn't going to be an outbreak - someone will
         | recognize what it is, and you'll be in an isolation unit in no
         | time and your contacts will be quarantined.
         | 
         | I would expect such a case to make the headlines, but it's
         | quite possible it would be quietly swept under the carpet. How
         | well known was Reston back when it happened? If that didn't
         | make the news, would a lab-originated outbreak?
         | 
         | With COVID, a worker could get infected, hide the exposure out
         | of fear/shame, never show any symptoms... and yet start a
         | pandemic.
         | 
         | With a low-probability high-impact event like a global
         | pandemic, near misses are the only indicator you have until the
         | one time it does go catastrophically wrong.
        
           | Pyramus wrote:
           | Not disagreeing with your general point that SARS-CoV-2 is an
           | interesting mix of infectiousness and low mortality.
           | 
           | From what I've read Ebola has killed many healthcare
           | professionals because they infected themselves when disposing
           | off PPE. As a result a disproportionally large portion of
           | deaths were healthcare workers.
           | 
           | > With COVID, a worker could get infected, hide the exposure
           | out of fear/shame, never show any symptoms... and yet start a
           | pandemic.
           | 
           | In many countries workers are actually incentivised to come
           | to work sick and infect others.
        
         | cnasc wrote:
         | The armies of statisticians and (human) computers working for
         | the war department found that most munitions fired off don't
         | hit people. One figure often used is 25,000 bullets per
         | casualty (where casualty does not imply killed). How many
         | disease bullets have been accidentally fired since we've had
         | disease study labs?
        
         | cowmoo728 wrote:
         | COVID-19 is one of the few serious diseases that can transmit
         | when the carrier is asymptomatic. That could be a credible
         | reason why a potential lab leak went unnoticed for long enough
         | to begin uncontrolled community spread.
        
           | mrfusion wrote:
           | CNN sold us on asymptomatic spread but it's actually highly
           | unlikely: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19802-w
        
             | geoduck14 wrote:
             | I personally know people who went to a party and got sick
             | from an asymptomatic person.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | > COVID-19 is one of the few serious diseases that can
           | transmit when the carrier is asymptomatic.
           | 
           | Is this actually true? It is certainly not true for HIV, and
           | of course is not relevant to diseases like Zika that are
           | transmitted by mosquitos.
           | 
           | Edit: I found the answer to my own question:
           | https://www.kff.org/infographic/ebola-characteristics-and-
           | co... (see second bullet point). Given that this lists Hep C,
           | HIV, Influenza, Malaria, Polio, and Tuberculosis as possible
           | to transmit while asymptomatic, I'd say "COVID-19 is one of
           | the few serious diseases that can transmit when the carrier
           | is asymptomatic." is most definitely false.
        
             | tasssko wrote:
             | Why is Malaria in the list?
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | As always, it is not a 1-0 situation, but a question of
             | degree.
             | 
             | You can catch flu from an asymptomatic person, but Covid
             | has a much higher reproduction factor. During the winter
             | lockdown in England, regular flu was completely eradicated
             | - literally not a single case was detected in entire
             | England [0]. At the same time, Covid was still spreading
             | happily. The measures that stopped flu in its tracks only
             | slightly inconvenienced SARS-Cov-2.
             | 
             | Covid is simply too good at spreading, compared to other
             | similar diseases.
             | 
             | (As an analogy: I can swim, Michael Phelps can swim, we can
             | both call ourselves swimmers, but we are not really
             | comparable.)
             | 
             | [0]https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/flu-cases-
             | covid-en...
        
             | cowmoo728 wrote:
             | I can clarify it: COVID-19 is just about the only serious
             | respiratory disease that undergoes rapid exponential spread
             | and is transmissible while asymptomatic. That's a lot of
             | qualifiers, but it makes for a uniquely scary pandemic
             | threat.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | > _if these lapses are so common and so many countries possess
         | the capacity for serious mistakes, why don 't we see more
         | regular outbreaks (if not full-blown pandemics) caused by labs?
         | In other words, what makes COVID special?_
         | 
         | Perhaps it is not special. One might as well ask what was
         | special about a coin that lands heads three times in a row in
         | its first three flips.
        
       | 6_3_1 wrote:
       | the elephant in the room that became too controversial to
       | question. Solid post
        
       | traveler01 wrote:
       | It's very possible and shouldn't be dismissed at all. But we will
       | never know since the CCP has already covered its tracks (not
       | saying it was on purpose, but a clearly an accident covered by
       | the CCP).
        
         | jtdev wrote:
         | It seems that the CCP actually very deliberately covered tracks
         | here... nothing accidental about it.
        
       | jsnk wrote:
       | Mainstream media shouting "discredited", "already debunked!",
       | "fringe", "conspiracy theory", "xenophobic" in unison last time
       | Tom Cotton brought this up was a sign for me that there is
       | actually something to investigate here.
       | 
       | - https://archive.vn/TG8zN#selection-999.29-999.84
       | 
       | - https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/17/business/media/coronaviru...
       | 
       | - https://www.wired.com/story/coronavirus-conspiracy-theories/
       | 
       | - https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/483354-sen-cotton-repeat...
       | 
       | - https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/02/republican-senat...
       | 
       | - https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/18/politics/tom-cotton-coronavir...
       | 
       | - https://www.huffpost.com/entry/tom-cotton-coronavirus-china_...
       | 
       | - https://www.factcheck.org/2020/02/baseless-conspiracy-theori...
        
       | musicale wrote:
       | Most of the media coverage and consensus, from the Washington
       | Post to Nature, seems to be that:
       | 
       | - the lab escape theory has been thoroughly debunked by science
       | 
       | - the WHO investigation put the final nails in the coffin of this
       | theory
       | 
       | - therefore, lab escape continues to be a fringe conspiracy
       | theory at best
       | 
       | - coverage of the lab escape theory is politically motivated
       | rather than scientifically motivated
       | 
       | - continued coverage is largely a combination of irresponsible
       | journalism, disinformation and anti-China political propaganda
       | 
       | Does the USA Today article indicate a shift in this perspective,
       | or is it just an outlier? Has something changed, for example new
       | information coming to light?
        
         | geoduck14 wrote:
         | The WHO investigation DID NOT eliminate this theory. From what
         | I remember, while the WHO was investigating, one member said
         | "it didn't come from a lab". Then when everyone returned to
         | their home country, some members suggested that it was possible
         | - and I don't think their official report opined on it coming
         | from a lab.
        
         | Klinky wrote:
         | No, nothing has really changed. It's an opinion article that's
         | basically saying since lab accidents happened elsewhere, a lab
         | accident _could_ have happened in Wuhan. No smoking gun here.
        
         | hayst4ck wrote:
         | > The lab escape theory has been thoroughly debunked by science
         | 
         | This is absolutely not true. Lab invented was debunked, lab
         | escaped was not.
         | 
         | Have a read: https://project-evidence.github.io/
        
       | crx07 wrote:
       | This has honestly been my unbiased opinion since essentially day
       | 1. I believe that the release was almost certainly a complete
       | accident, but there's just no realistic chance a novel virus
       | coincidentally originates in the same isolated place as a lab
       | that specializes in that exact same type of virus. The
       | denialists, including the WHO and CDC and everyone else, need to
       | get real and own up to what happened and figure out how to stop
       | it from happening again. This has nothing to do with the PRC or
       | anyone or anywhere else, it could have happened at any biological
       | facility in the world and will eventually happen again somewhere
       | unless scientific honesty and cooler heads prevail.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | I'm not sure that this virus even behaves in this way where a
         | BSL-4 worker could become infected. What we know now is that
         | you need a concentration of virus particles over time in order
         | to come down with the disease (in other words, you are most
         | likely to catch it drinking in your friends living room for 4
         | hours with an infected person, than in a grocery store where an
         | infected person might cough on you in line but there is no long
         | term exposure). I can't imagine where there is a situation in a
         | lab environment where you would have the equivalent of an
         | infected person drinking beer with you for hours in terms of
         | exposure. Even a rip in your PPE wouldn't expose you to very
         | much particulate compared with an infected person spitting in
         | your face conversationally for hours.
        
           | pmiller2 wrote:
           | That's a good point. I have a hard time as well believing
           | anyone who was even coming close to following BSL-4 protocols
           | would get infected with this.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosafety_level#Biosafety_leve.
           | ..
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Zenst wrote:
         | I've done security audits and related consulting work upon
         | research labs in my past and the biggest issue they had was -
         | extremist animal activists.
         | 
         | Now I was aware of some reports (nothing official or confirmed)
         | that the Wuham lab was broken into in the summer of 2019.
         | 
         | Interestingly enough their was a lot of political tension at
         | that time involving Hong Kong.
         | 
         | I'm also mindful how China has been rather good at sweeping
         | things under carpets.
         | 
         | So I could speculate how things played out in a way that fits
         | events, but without any smoking gun - it would be just
         | speculation and joining dots that may or may not of been there.
         | 
         | Though even if it was something along the lines of what I'm
         | thinking happened (animal activists with HK connections being
         | politically motivated/manipulated and possibly no idea what
         | type of lab it was beyond they may be hurting animals), the lab
         | was researching virus's from the wild - seeing how they mutate
         | and progress in an effort to see what lays ahead.
         | 
         | So lab event or no lab event - this virus was already in
         | existence in some form and was not a case of if, but when.
         | 
         | One thing I do know, it sure did shine a spotlight upon how
         | connected the World is and also how fragile many supply lines
         | are.
        
           | kmeisthax wrote:
           | Molecular dating studies place a hard limit on index cases at
           | October 2019. Anything earlier and the virus should have
           | mutated more than it has.
           | 
           | Someone who broke into a Wuhan coronavirus research lab in
           | summer 2019 and broke containment of our hypothetical SARS-
           | CoV-2 precursor virus samples would have been infected too
           | early for our timeline.
        
         | throwawaysea wrote:
         | I'm also waiting for people to admit that the dubious ban of
         | Zero Hedge from Twitter (later reinstated) for bringing up this
         | theory and "doxxing" the lab head was all made in bad faith (ht
         | tps://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/02/01/twitter...).
         | It's crazy how words like "doxxing" can lose all coherent
         | meaning and be used to describe this blog post, where they
         | simply posted the publicly listed information of the public
         | face of the lab, fully visible from the Wuhan lab's own
         | website. This authoritarian act of censorship and the biased
         | news media coverage that followed led to further censorship,
         | where discussions exploring the possibility of accidental lab
         | leaks were banned on places like Medium or other social media.
         | This is why free speech matters as a fundamental principle and
         | this is why we must hold all tech platforms accountable to
         | protect free speech.
        
         | colllectorof wrote:
         | Look, dude, _leading experts_ have looked at this claim and
         | said there is nearly zero chance this has was a lab leak:
         | 
         | https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/04/23/8417296...
         | 
         | I mean, yeah, five out of 6 cited experts have ties to
         | EcoHealth Alliance, which in turn has funding ties to one of
         | the two virology labs in Wuhan, but that's, like, just a
         | coincidence. If it wasn't, I'm sure NPR would mention it.
         | 
         | And then Peter Daszak himself went to Wuhan with WHO team to
         | investigate and didn't find anything conclusive. Peter fucking
         | Daszak. You're not going to tell me that someone who was
         | interviewed and cited on this subject by NPR, CNN, CBS, Slate,
         | Democracy Now, Washing Post and The Guardian could be full of
         | shit, right?
         | 
         | /s
        
           | xdavidliu wrote:
           | I have no strong opinions on this matter, but I'm having
           | difficulty understanding the sarcasm here. Can someone
           | translate for me? Is the un-sarcastic version of parent's
           | argument that most of the claims against this being a leak
           | were put forth by a single organization, EcoHealth Alliance,
           | which has an agenda for convincing people that this is not a
           | leak?
        
             | Invictus0 wrote:
             | I'm with you, the parent's sarcasm is really malformed.
             | They're claiming that EcoHealth has conflicts of interests
             | that led them to disavow the WIV lab theory.
        
               | esja wrote:
               | Are you saying EcoHealth/Daszak do not have material
               | conflicts of interest in this matter? On what basis?
        
               | xdavidliu wrote:
               | It doesn't seem to me like parent is disputing the
               | factual accuracy of the argument, but rather saying that
               | the sarcasm was not well constructed (possibly because of
               | the multiple negatives, which require a certain amount of
               | gymnastics to understand), and is thus not as effective
               | as it could be.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | hfjfktkrkf wrote:
             | > _EcoHealth Alliance, which has an agenda for convincing
             | people that this is not a leak?_
             | 
             | Exactly that. The first paper which discredited the lab
             | leak theory published in The Lancet early last year by a
             | number of scientists was later found out to have been
             | organized behind the scenes by EcoHealth, which also asked
             | for it's name not to appear on the paper.
             | 
             | https://www.independentsciencenews.org/news/ecohealth-
             | allian...
        
           | esja wrote:
           | You're also forgetting that these people are _scientists_.
           | Scientists only look at the facts and are completely unbiased
           | - they aren 't like normal humans, who might be worried about
           | their entire livelihoods being cancelled (or worse) if the
           | world realises their research is too dangerous to exist. And
           | scientists who work for political organisations are the most
           | unbiased of all. /s
        
           | hootbootscoot wrote:
           | "Look, dude," RNA mutates due to many environmental factors.
           | It's why living organisms typically now use DNA and only
           | short-term usage of RNA for copying purposes, certainly not
           | as the primary data store.
           | 
           | RNA mutations mimicking proteins are precisely how a non-
           | living entity can, like a bike-thief trying combinations
           | randomly, unlock the lipid or protein sheaths on animal cells
           | and gain direct access to the inputs of a genetic
           | reproduction machine inside the cell.
           | 
           | So, aside from the fact that these folks only have some
           | circumstantial evidence and woo to suggest a lab hypothesis,
           | (not EVEN a theory, not EVEN a hypothesis, nay, mere
           | speculation with a vested political axe to grind, hello) and
           | that fact that all factual evidence of how all previous
           | cross-species virus hops occurred point to this being a
           | relatively common occurence (1918 avian-porcine-human
           | connection occurred in Kansas by the way, not "Spanish")
           | 
           | umm sure
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_hydrolysis
        
           | AzzieElbab wrote:
           | The WHO and Peter Daszak also said they weren't given enough
           | access to develop any deliberate conclusions.
        
             | esja wrote:
             | A proper investigation would not include Peter Daszak at
             | all, due to his immense conflicts of interest on this
             | topic, and his behaviour since the outbreak occurred.
        
         | goatinaboat wrote:
         | _there 's just no realistic chance a novel virus coincidentally
         | originates in the same isolated place as a lab that specializes
         | in that exact same type of virus_
         | 
         | If it came from somewhere else, why wasn't the outbreak noticed
         | there first, is the million dollar question. It requires some
         | serious mental gymnastics at this point to believe it didn't
         | originate in that lab. The only real question is if it was
         | released deliberately.
        
           | roywiggins wrote:
           | Because winter is flu season, and most of the time the
           | symptoms are impossible to distinguish, even when you're
           | looking?
           | 
           | Sure, China has _way_ more public health capacity than it
           | used to, but we _know_ that COVID can spread silently in a
           | community for a month without anyone noticing, even when we
           | are looking. It happened in California and Seattle in January
           | 2020. Why wouldn 't that have happened in, say, rural China
           | in October?
        
             | ekianjo wrote:
             | There were apparently already people with COVID symptoms in
             | Italy back in December 2019. That said, China was already
             | aware of the virus in late 2019. It's all well known.
        
               | roywiggins wrote:
               | Well, that's what I mean. Nobody knew COVID was
               | circulating in Italy at the time either. It's easy to
               | miss a new respiratory virus. For it to originate one
               | place and by chance end up exploding in a different
               | metropolitan area doesn't seem unlikely at all.
        
               | Pyramus wrote:
               | In fact, simply from a modelling perspective, this is
               | very likely scenario.
               | 
               | If you take an unknown diseases with an R of 2-3, what
               | you will see is a number of smaller clusters, some dying
               | off, before you get the one cluster that becomes the
               | pandemic.
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | > there's just no realistic chance a novel virus coincidentally
         | originates in the same isolated place as a lab that specializes
         | in that exact same type of virus
         | 
         | Why not? Wuhan is the 43rd largest city in the world.
         | Meanwhile, the earliest cases of CoVid were all connected to
         | the same wet market. Doesn't that have a higher probability
         | being the origin?
        
           | x3n0ph3n3 wrote:
           | Evidence points to it _not_ being from the wet markets in
           | China:
           | 
           | https://www.livescience.com/covid-19-did-not-start-at-
           | wuhan-...
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | Your source cites the WSJ, which itself cites the Wuhan
             | Virology Institute, which is trying to imply that China may
             | not be the origin of CoVid at all, so I don't believe it.
        
               | jdc wrote:
               | Try this one:
               | 
               | Lab Leak: A Scientific Debate Mired in Politics -- and
               | Unresolved [March 22, 2021]
               | 
               | https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/947620
               | 
               | https://www.outline.com/XCTFJJ (registration-wall bypass)
        
             | Gibbon1 wrote:
             | Perhaps it would have burned itself out if it hadn't spread
             | to the market.
        
           | lixtra wrote:
           | > the earliest cases of Covid were all connected to the same
           | wet market.
           | 
           | This claim has less weight if China does not share the raw
           | data.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/who-experts-want-more-
           | data-f...
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | I subscribe to this theory. I didn't subscribe to it originally
         | because it seemed to dystopian. However on reading the recent
         | politico article
         | (https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/03/08/josh-
         | rogin...) really changed my opinion about it. To be clear I
         | think it would have been an accident at a Chinese government
         | lab that was underfunded and overworked. Seems to me like the
         | likeliest candidate. I don't think the current US
         | administration wants to point the finger at the Chinese
         | government since it will cause a lot public anger. That and the
         | Chinese government most certainly covered all their tracks by
         | now.
        
           | esja wrote:
           | I'd also assign a small but non-zero probability to the US
           | not wanting to point the finger because they prefer the
           | scenario where the general population comes to believe that
           | the lab accident was responsible, but no hard evidence is
           | ever produced.
           | 
           | Why? Because it seems like US institutions and people (right
           | up to Fauci) were involved in this research and may not want
           | the domestic blowback.
           | 
           | Conveniently the CCP don't want a paper trail either.
           | 
           | I'd be pretty sure the various scenarios have already been
           | gamed out in both countries.
        
           | pmiller2 wrote:
           | What about that article convinced you? All I saw was some
           | concern about safety protocols 2 years before the outbreak,
           | some content free insinuations, and a whole lot of "we don't
           | have any evidence."
           | 
           | It's not a crazy theory by any means, but, if it happened,
           | then there's evidence. So, where is the evidence? Literally,
           | where is there _any_ actual evidence it happened?
        
             | koheripbal wrote:
             | > if it happened, then there's evidence
             | 
             | Really? Why would there be evidence TODAY? Those bats have
             | likely been destroyed, and all records of sequences taken
             | from them have likely long since been shredded and burned.
             | 
             | There's not that much evidence involved here.
        
               | pmiller2 wrote:
               | Then, why wasn't evidence uncovered earlier? Surely the
               | theory had just as much plausibility a year ago as today.
               | 
               | Are you asking me to believe a theory for which _all_ the
               | evidence was either not uncovered or destroyed? Why is
               | that more plausible than origin from outside the lab?
        
             | 2-tpg wrote:
             | If you put two columns: zoonotic transfer, lab leak. And
             | you list circumstantial evidence for both. Your zoonotic
             | transfer column will be terribly empty in comparison. There
             | is no patient 0, and the wet market was not the source, and
             | we still do not have a zoonotic chain established. All
             | those facts could be added to the lab leak hypothesis
             | instead. For the most prominent clue of a biological attack
             | is _Single cause of a certain disease caused by an uncommon
             | agent, with lack of an epidemiological explanation._. If
             | you look at the history: SARS-1 naturally arose once in
             | China. SARS-1 escaped a lab twice in the few years after.
             | Chinese spies infiltrated Western gain-of-function virus-
             | and-cancer-research labs, then smuggled back vials to China
             | in a sock in their check-in luggage.
             | 
             | Domain expert scientists on the lab leak hypothesis:
             | https://thebulletin.org/2020/06/did-the-sars-cov-2-virus-
             | ari...
             | 
             | The evidence is with the intelligence agencies of Western
             | nations. Trump and Pompeo (Pompeo was sanctioned by China
             | hours after new President took office) did not make up
             | their "China Virus" as some racist dog whistle. They were
             | informed.
             | 
             | The WHO, when pressured by the UK for China not sharing
             | information, nor allowing access to a team for
             | investigation, said: Now is not the time to point fingers.
             | We need China cooperation for now. The UK replied that it
             | then has to assume the worst possible and prepare for a
             | pandemic. It did.
             | 
             | Actual tangible evidence is rare, but it is pretty damning
             | that: China blocks Australian-led world-wide investigation
             | into the origins of COVID -- re-sentencing Australian
             | prisoners to death penalty and messing with trade relations
             | to hurt Australia's economy. They'd do that for a natural
             | zoonotic-base virus that was out of their control? Phone
             | location records show containment procedures around Wuhan
             | lab around October 2019. Former military analysts in Israel
             | pose the lab leak hypothesis as plausible, betting their
             | reputation on it.
             | 
             | It is not too fair to ask actual tangible evidence, if
             | evidence could mean a hot war or severely strained
             | relations during a pandemic where people need to work
             | together. And what is your tangible evidence for the
             | popular zoonotic hypothesis? Just some experts saying that
             | zoonotic base is most likely when interviewed for a popular
             | news outlet? The most likely hypothesis should be the
             | easiest to find actual support for. Why not?
             | 
             | I think a lot of criticism on the drastic measures to
             | contain a relatively low CFR virus would be dispelled if
             | the general public knew what the decision-makers then knew:
             | a strange novel virus which seems extremely adapted to
             | infect humans, and shows more similarities to the lab
             | viruses worked with in biowarfare, than with captured and
             | documented cave bats. Similar to the "airborne COVID" --
             | first publicized by the head of the WHO -- we seem to be
             | managing the factual information flow to avoid panic,
             | geopolitics, and xenophobia. It is right now not important
             | that the general public knows it is dealing with an
             | engineered virus or lab leak. Or at least... other things
             | are more important right now.
        
               | pmiller2 wrote:
               | So, you're saying I should just believe it escaped from a
               | lab because reasons? And you're asking me to believe the
               | administration of a president who lied publicly 30,000
               | times over 4 years and who may soon be facing criminal
               | charges? Sorry, but that's just not good enough. Actual
               | evidence in the zoonotic origin column greatly surpasses
               | that in the lab leak column. I'll go with what I can see,
               | thanks.
               | 
               | Example: https://www.bbc.com/news/science-
               | environment-55998157
        
         | Ancapistani wrote:
         | > there's just no realistic chance a novel virus coincidentally
         | originates in the same isolated place as a lab that specializes
         | in that exact same type of virus.
         | 
         | I think that it is at least somewhat likely that it was the
         | result of the lab's activities, but your assertion here has a
         | huge dose of selection bias.
         | 
         | If the virology labs studying coronaviruses were placed
         | randomly around the world, you'd be correct - but they're not.
         | They're placed near locations where novel coronaviruses have
         | crossed the species barrier in the past, and where they are
         | likely to do so in the future.
         | 
         | It would be equivalent to say that lighthouses cause ships to
         | run aground, because many teams when ships run aground it's
         | near a lighthouse.
        
           | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
           | > They're placed near locations where novel coronaviruses
           | have crossed the species barrier in the past, and where they
           | are likely to do so in the future.
           | 
           | Are they? I'm not aware of this trend, or of any other major
           | species barrier crossings in Hubei. (If you're thinking of
           | the original SARS, that started in Guangdong, two provinces
           | to the south.)
        
           | gregwebs wrote:
           | China is a big country. Wuhan is 900km away from the bat
           | caves that are believed to be the breeding ground for these
           | viruses.
        
             | koheripbal wrote:
             | ...but Wuhan is also 0km away from the wet markets that
             | sell meat sourced x00km away near and around the bat caves.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | goatinaboat wrote:
           | _were placed randomly around the world, you 'd be correct -
           | but they're not. They're placed near locations_
           | 
           | The world's foremost institute for tropical medicine is in
           | London, England. So that debunks that idea.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | I mean, that's a practical side effect of the fact that
             | England owned much of the tropics for a few centuries.
             | 
             | It's further evidence that these things get sited sensibly,
             | not randomly.
        
               | ALittleLight wrote:
               | Sensibly, yes, but not their location isn't based on
               | geographic proximity but rather what is a sensible
               | location for the group building and staffing the lab.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | is-ought wrote:
           | Can you link to something that proves this is the criteria
           | used for lab placement?
        
           | angio wrote:
           | Another selection bias is that we can't say if the virus
           | originated there, but only that it was first detected there.
           | Even if it originated in the countryside hundreds of miles
           | away it makes sense it was detected only after it spread to a
           | city with the labs to discover the virus.
        
             | ginko wrote:
             | The virus was first sequenced by a lab in Shanghai. The WIV
             | wasn't involved in the discovery of the virus.
        
               | angio wrote:
               | What I mean is that a small countryside hospital won't be
               | able to notice there is a new type of pneumonia, while
               | bigger cities have teams to detect that. It's the same
               | reason why we probably had the virus circulating in
               | europe in january but we only noticed after we started
               | looking for it.
        
           | temp8964 wrote:
           | Wow. Why every comment questioned your argument is downvoted
           | or even dead?
           | 
           | > is-ought 34 minutes ago [dead] [-]
           | 
           | > Can you link to something that proves this is the criteria
           | used for lab placement?
           | 
           | How is this even dead? It's only asking for a reference.
        
             | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
             | This is, unfortunately, one of the issues that's been
             | extraordinarily moralized. I've encountered more than a few
             | people who argue that questions about the lab leak theory
             | are inherently bad faith.
        
               | enchiridion wrote:
               | Maybe, I'm more inclined to believe it's some classic
               | astroturfing.
               | 
               | HN will normally answer questions in good faith, even
               | controversial ones.
        
             | ajkjk wrote:
             | It's not that wanting sources is bad, but a plausible-
             | sounding claim may as well be argued against by providing
             | sources to the contrary, or defend by providing sources in
             | support. Demanding rigorous proof of an intuitive claim is
             | not a good way to argue against it.
        
             | btilly wrote:
             | Clearly there are a bunch of people voting down anything
             | that is too critical of China.
             | 
             | WHY there are a bunch of people voting that down I leave to
             | others to speculate. But I'm going to vote up any
             | verifiable factual statements that have been voted down.
        
               | Fricken wrote:
               | There are no pertinent facts anywhere in this thread.
               | There are no pertinent facts available. We just don't
               | know, and likely won't ever know.
        
               | louloulou wrote:
               | And we should ask that is. The fact that investigations
               | to find patient 0, either never happened or were covered
               | up is strong evidence for the WIV leak theory.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | HN has plenty of people who feel strongly on both sides
               | of this issue. From my experience there are many more on
               | your side than the other (probably by an order of
               | magnitude), but it's not as if anyone has measured this.
        
             | chc wrote:
             | Can you link to something that proves this is only asking
             | for a reference?
             | 
             | That's what the comment sounded like to me, and why I
             | downvoted it. It does not come across to me as a good-faith
             | request for a reference, and more like an attempt to DOS
             | the conversation, similar to a Gish gallop. For example,
             | it's asking for a _specific link_ that constitutes _proof_
             | of a general observation of tendency. That doesn 't scream
             | "reasonable request."
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | I don't understand how any conversation could work under
               | the standard you're proposing. The original commenter
               | made a wild assertion about the placement of virology
               | labs that doesn't seem to me to be true; if it's
               | unreasonable to ask for a more detailed explanation of
               | the assertion or specific evidence in favor of the
               | assertion, how is anyone supposed to engage?
        
               | chc wrote:
               | You're in a thread that was kicked off with unsourced
               | statements about viral evolution and epidemiology, but
               | suddenly we have an urgent need for sources -- actually,
               | not just for _sources_ , but for _proof_ -- when we
               | encounter the statement  "Labs aren't randomly placed
               | around the globe"?
               | 
               | I guess you're supposed to engage the same way everyone
               | had been engaging with the entire thread up to that
               | point.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | That comment was killed by software, similarly to how
             | comments by banned accounts are killed. It was later
             | vouched for by other users, which unkilled it.
             | 
             | Please don't take HN threads on these lame meta tangents.
             | They never go anywhere interesting, and people invariably
             | just imagine scenarios that confirm their priors.
             | 
             | We detached this subthread from
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26544490.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | esja wrote:
           | Wuhan is nowhere near the caves where these bat viruses have
           | been found. It's over 1800 kilometres to Southwest Yunnan,
           | for example.
        
           | garmaine wrote:
           | Wuhan is around thousand kilometers away from where this
           | virus supposedly originated from.
           | 
           | But the Wuhan lab did receive samples in 2019 from miners who
           | died in 2012 from an infection of a novel coronavirus that
           | resulted in symptoms very similar to COVID-19.
           | 
           | https://nypost.com/2020/08/15/covid-19-first-appeared-in-
           | chi...
           | 
           | That's a complete coincidence though and you're bigoted for
           | thinking there could possibly be a connection! /s
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | autokad wrote:
           | china has 100 cities with over a million people in them. Only
           | one has a lab specializing in corona virus research.
        
           | goatcode wrote:
           | > It would be equivalent to say that lighthouses cause ships
           | to run aground, because many teams when ships run aground
           | it's near a lighthouse.
           | 
           | But if a lighthouse manufactured coral reefs, and the coral
           | reefs on which ships were running aground displayed features
           | of those that a given lighthouse manufactured, it might be
           | more accurate.
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | Coral reefs do like to form on sunken ships, so that's
             | still not far off
        
               | goatcode wrote:
               | We may need to look into this further!
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | I don't really have a stake in this, and no real idea how
         | plausible the lab accident theory is. That said, don't you
         | think that the location of a lab like that would be highly
         | correlated with the location of dangerous natural viral
         | reservoir? Or put another way, if you wanted to study zoonotic
         | viruses, wouldn't you put your lab in a place like that?
        
           | bpodgursky wrote:
           | Not really. The lab is in a major city, and imported samples
           | from all over China (and the rest of the world).
           | 
           | The hypothesized bat in question, if it was really a wet-
           | market outbreak, was imported from hundreds of miles away.
        
             | vergessenmir wrote:
             | It's also been reported that it wasn't the season for the
             | bat species.
             | 
             | Those in favour of the lab leak hypothesis point out that
             | the virus showed up on the scene with all the evolutionary
             | capability to spread amongst humans i.e with batteries
             | included.
             | 
             | With previous Sars viruses my understanding is that each
             | zoonotic jump was traceable with examples of previous forms
             | in prior animal hosts to corroborate the lineage.
             | 
             | What makes Covid-19 interesting is that these zoonotic
             | jumps or the gain of functions can be accelerated in the
             | lab with the purpose of preparing us ahead of time for a
             | dangerous forms of Sars style viruses. It looks like
             | covid-19 may be that type of strain, not man made, but
             | given the lab conditions for it to gain the capability. It
             | may have escaped.
             | 
             | It's worth exploring the lab leak hypothesis but I would
             | say that it's not politically expedient for any of the
             | scientists or parties involved. We will never really know
             | the truth and that is something we need to grow comfortable
             | with.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Pyramus wrote:
               | You are mixing two theories here: A) A lab leak B) Gain
               | of function research.
               | 
               | My understanding is that A) is very much possible because
               | it has happened before (SARS), but we have no evidence
               | yet (and might never acquire).
               | 
               | For B) however, from my limited understanding, there is
               | no strong evidence. We only know about a fraction of
               | existing coronaviruses out there and given we observe
               | one, that has caused a pandemic, the (conditional!)
               | probability that it is well adapted is extremely high
               | (survivorship bias).
               | 
               | If you have a credible source that claims B) please share
               | it.
        
               | Enginerrrd wrote:
               | We do at least know that they were doing gain-of-function
               | research on coronaviruses in the Wuhan lab, since the US
               | publicly funded it.
        
               | bpodgursky wrote:
               | The Wuhan lab was absolutely involved in gain-of-function
               | research. This has been widely reported
               | https://www.newsweek.com/controversial-wuhan-lab-
               | experiments...
               | 
               | > What's more, Wuhan Institute of Virology scientists
               | have for the past five years been engaged in so-called
               | "gain of function" (GOF) research, which is designed to
               | enhance certain properties of viruses for the purpose of
               | anticipating future pandemics. Gain-of-function
               | techniques have been used to turn viruses into human
               | pathogens capable of causing a global pandemic.
               | 
               | > This is no nefarious secret program in an underground
               | military bunker. The Wuhan lab received funding, mostly
               | for virus discovery, in part from a ten-year, $200
               | million international program called PREDICT, funded by
               | the U.S. Agency for International Development and other
               | countries.
        
               | Pyramus wrote:
               | I'm not doubting that at all, see also this statement by
               | a US embassy [1].
               | 
               | What I'm saying is that we don't have strong (any?)
               | evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is the result of gain of
               | function research. It is entirely possible but the
               | majority of the scientists who do gain of function
               | research say it's unlikely (given what we know today,
               | which might change).
               | 
               | Again, a credible source saying the opposite is
               | appreciated.
               | 
               | [1] https://ge.usembassy.gov/fact-sheet-activity-at-the-
               | wuhan-in...
        
               | Enginerrrd wrote:
               | >What I'm saying is that we don't have strong (any?)
               | evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is the result of gain of
               | function research
               | 
               | There is analysis that suggests that SARS-CoV-2 wasn't
               | engineered. However, if you were intentionally giving it
               | to a bunch of animals in batches with some interspecies
               | mixing, you wouldn't really expect it to look any
               | different than a natural jump.
        
               | polartx wrote:
               | Isn't he referring to a lab leak of a virus which was
               | engineered with 'gains of function'. I'm particularly
               | convinced of this theory because it explains the glaring
               | weakness of the Covid-19 virus to UV radiation (ie
               | sunlight). If Chinese researches were modifying viral
               | samples to gain functions (evolutionary or otherwise),
               | weakness against sunlight is a believable oversight,
               | considering it wouldn't have been subjected to it
               | indoors.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | Huh? Do most viruses thrive in UV radiation?
               | 
               | I thought UV resistant organisms were usually referred to
               | as extremophiles because it's so infrequent
        
           | abecedarius wrote:
           | The claim I've read is that the bats live thousands of miles
           | away. We shouldn't need to speculate.
        
             | hyperpape wrote:
             | The migratory range of bats is apparently up to 2000 miles:
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7149675/ (no
             | idea whether this describes the specific bats that are
             | known reservoirs of these viruses).
        
           | loveistheanswer wrote:
           | If we have no say in whether or not scientists should be
           | creating super viruses (a.k.a. weapons of mass destruction),
           | I'd prefer they do so somewhere like Antarctica or on a space
           | station, not in the middle of a city.
        
         | codezero wrote:
         | My favorite conspiracy theory bend on this is that it's the
         | best place to intentionally release it too, especially if WIV
         | is absolutely not studying anything like COVID-19 because it
         | looks so appealing to dig into the bio safety level four lab,
         | but there's probably nothing there so it will be eventually
         | dismissed.
         | 
         | All that said I think it is really unlikely and a pointless
         | effort as government bureaucracies wouldn't be able to even
         | formulate a reaction to an intentional or even accidental
         | release so I think we will not try too hard to imply that for
         | political reasons.
        
         | soperj wrote:
         | I'm confused, do you think SARS was also escaped from the lab,
         | or just COVID?
        
         | tossaway12321 wrote:
         | This is as well my strongly held belief, and the most likely
         | cause.
         | 
         | And people making the really odd responses below. They're, not
         | saying it, but insinuating that the lab would be where there is
         | lots of bat coronavirus? The lab is in the city of Wuhan. A
         | city with a population of 11 million people. This isn't some
         | rural town.
         | 
         | There was a lab that studied this type of coronavirus, had
         | published papers on it. And in a country the size of the USA
         | had an outbreak within just a few miles from that lab. Then the
         | govt came and refused to let anyone outside investigate.
         | 
         | To me that leads pretty strongly that it was an accidental lab
         | leak. And they weren't able to control the spread.
         | 
         | My hopeful opinion is that this leads to more stringent
         | worldwide rules for reporting leaks, and checking of safety
         | practices to avoid this happening again
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | > My hopeful opinion is that this leads to more stringent
           | worldwide rules for reporting leaks, and checking of safety
           | practices to avoid this happening again
           | 
           | A leak that results in 2.7 million worldwide deaths will not
           | result in "more stringent worldwide rules for reporting
           | leaks". It would result in economic reparations and possibly
           | war.
           | 
           | Leak or not, it's in China's interest to prevent the blame
           | from falling on them. The narrative here is an incredibly
           | powerful geopolitical tool.
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | It's even more in China's interest to not have more such
             | leaks, or to have other countries have similar leaks.
             | 
             | Their manufacturing economy does not benefit from being
             | locked down on a regular basis
        
         | jariel wrote:
         | The WHO will never look where they don't want the answer to be
         | found and will actively work against it.
         | 
         | The chair of the WHO was a communist rebel fighter in north
         | africa and his career has been sponsored and guided by China
         | for this reason.
         | 
         | They won't suppress findings made internally because it would
         | be too hard to cover up - but they will 'do the least' with
         | respect to finding answers.
         | 
         | Only the US has enough power and wherewithal to even try to do
         | something, but they'll be kept out direct, so it boils down to
         | how sophisticated the US clandestine efforts are in China.
         | 
         | My completely speculative guess is that US operating ability in
         | China is 'really bad' and that they've already barked up that
         | tree and found nothing conclusive.
        
         | asmint3 wrote:
         | That we're finally seeing some mainstream discussion around
         | this hypothesis should not change the scary fact that months
         | ago governments, scientists and media happily and immediately
         | rejected it as a xenophobic conspiracy theory. The messaging
         | and subsequent ease at which public opinion was influenced
         | should make everyone pause and think hard about other ways they
         | might be being manipulated.
        
           | Nav_Panel wrote:
           | It's amazing how much ridicule I took for seriously
           | suggesting this theory last year. My friends twisted and
           | exaggerated the extent of my claims (implying I thought it
           | was an intentional action on China's part, or an engineered
           | virus, and not a result of mundane research + accidental
           | containment failure), and called me a crazy conspiracy
           | theorist.
           | 
           | I had been reading every journal article I could get my hands
           | on about the virus since February, but of course how could my
           | interpretation be trustworthy? I'm no expert, or anything. If
           | something I read in a journal article contradicted something
           | on the news, the latter always seemed to "win".
           | 
           | After all that, now that the lab thing is on the mainstream
           | news, I'm afraid to even bring it up with my friends. They
           | can figure it out for themselves.
        
             | brabel wrote:
             | Just in case you didn't understand what the article was
             | saying: "Labs in Wuhan might not have played any role in
             | the origin of the pandemic. But a year later, no source has
             | been found, and the world deserves a thorough, unbiased
             | investigation of all plausible theories that is conducted
             | without fear or favor."
             | 
             | It did NOT say the virus was definitely released from a
             | lab. It did NOT present any evidence it was. All the
             | article said was that given the author's experience with
             | labs like this, she thinks the chances the virus escaped
             | are not as remote as the scientists investigating it claim
             | it is. That's all! Your theory might be correct, but as of
             | now, you have no reason to think you've been vindicated.
             | 
             | EDIT: author is a woman, so fixed pronoun.
        
               | jhokanson wrote:
               | Interesting take. I did not interpret their statement as
               | vindication of being correct but rather that this version
               | of events is a possibility that can't currently be
               | dismissed.
        
             | jhokanson wrote:
             | Agreed. However my reaction when first hearing about the
             | lab leak (middle of last year?) was that the leak stories
             | were meant to be malicious/propaganda against China. I
             | didn't take any of this seriously until an article in
             | Politico a week or two ago.
             | 
             | But here's the kicker. Let's say this was a lab leak and as
             | a reporter (which I'm not) I thought the evidence was good
             | enough to warrant reporting. I'm not sure I would share it.
             | The previous occupant of the white house did a great
             | disservice in giving this whole thing a racially charged
             | tone. I'm genuinely scared by the increased acts of
             | violence against southeast Asians in the US and worry that
             | stories like this will make it worse. I'm hoping that the
             | new US government is secretly taking steps to help prevent
             | what may have happened in that lab -- in addition to the
             | large effort needed elsewhere to improve our handling after
             | things had begun to spread.
             | 
             | Anyway, main point is that this was the first time in a
             | long time (ever?) where I really wondered whether, given
             | the circumstances, if it was good to share "the whole
             | truth" (as best we know it) given that we don't know what
             | happened and the potential real-life implications to many
             | people in the US.
        
           | 13415 wrote:
           | That's not true, there were plenty of mainstream media
           | reports of these suspicions and the vast majority of them
           | were correctly pointing out the same as they are pointing out
           | today, namely that there is no concrete evidence for the
           | theory and it therefore remains speculation. We would
           | presumably know more if journalists from all over the world
           | could report freely from China, but realistically speaking
           | their work possibilities are limited there.
           | 
           | It's a bit annoying that so many adults continue to mix up
           | speculation with real evidence, and make up their minds based
           | on gut feelings. That is not to say governments shouldn't put
           | pressure on China to be more transparent, of course they
           | should. But judging from the actual information available,
           | the virus most likely jumped from an animal to humans due to
           | the bad conditions of wet markets in China.
           | 
           | While China is to blame for such markets, people need to bear
           | in mind that the same can happen in many other places where
           | animals are farmed closely together with humans. Even if it
           | was true, the Wuhan lab theory would unfortunately distract
           | from this real problem.
        
           | esja wrote:
           | The same reflexive denial happened on HN. Yet the lab leak
           | theory has always been consistent with the situation. It's
           | also always been the best fit to the behaviour we've seen
           | from the various actors.
        
         | autokad wrote:
         | The other thing to note is this virus hops to new species super
         | fast. its already in pretty much every mammal we interact with
         | now. You going to tell me this super fast spreading - super
         | species hoping virus was waiting in a cave somewhere and never
         | spread?
         | 
         | not buying it.
        
         | totalZero wrote:
         | Sometimes diplomacy means you smile when you don't want to
         | smile. WHO has to play politics until we get this virus under
         | control (ie, vaccines distributed worldwide). If WHO blames
         | China now, in the thick of things, it would damage the world's
         | ability to further study the origins of the virus and the
         | results of Chinese research. Chinese vaccines are being used
         | and studied in many countries worldwide and that is a good
         | thing. Apart from the obvious benefits of those vaccines,
         | better access to data gives us an inactivated vaccine
         | counterfactual with which to evaluate the mRNA and protein
         | subunit vaccines.
         | 
         | CDC and other US government officials, on the other hand, must
         | ratchet up their criticism of China as well as WHO. I agree
         | with you there. It's alarming that there are so few PR
         | ramifications for China. From the looks of it, either their
         | unsanitary bushmeat consumption got the world sick, or their
         | irresponsible laboratory containment procedures did. Both are a
         | reflection of China's culture, and were only exacerbated by
         | authoritarian crackdown upon the early warnings issued by
         | Chinese medical professionals. The US government shouldn't
         | defend bad practices and systemic problems in the name of
         | multilateral cooperation. That variety of ethical blindness
         | forgives bad faith from our counterparts and damages our
         | hegemony.
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | > CDC and other US government officials, on the other hand,
           | must ratchet up their criticism of China as well as WHO. I
           | agree with you there. It's alarming that there are so few PR
           | ramifications for China.
           | 
           | The US relies on Chinese manufacturing. If trade ends, the
           | West will suffer. Consumer and industrial goods can't be
           | built, which could incredibly damage the economy.
           | 
           | Manufacturing is shifting to other countries - Vietnam,
           | India, etc. It's been driven by rising costs in China, but
           | we're seeing an acceleration to de-risk the supply chain. TSM
           | is being asked to build fabs in the US. Slowly, the most
           | strategic pieces are being maneuvered.
           | 
           | China is building up its navy to protect itself. If they lose
           | the South China Sea, they could be blockaded and starved of
           | energy, resources, and food. They're building to reach parity
           | with the US Navy or even outgun it, and they're trying to
           | stall long enough that they can win should there be an
           | encounter.
           | 
           | The US and its allies are ramping up criticism of China, and
           | you can see it in diplomatic activity, news, and social
           | media. The rhetoric will grow until they're ready to shift
           | from soft negotiations to taking a hard line.
           | 
           | The game is being played right now.
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | > China is building up its navy to protect itself. If they
             | lose the South China Sea, they could be blockaded and
             | starved of energy, resources, and food. They're building to
             | reach parity with the US Navy or even outgun it, and
             | they're trying to stall long enough that they can win
             | should there be an encounter.
             | 
             | China has absolutely no chance to meet head-to-head against
             | a US Carrier Strike Group on neutral territory. Absolutely
             | none, and the US has TEN Carrier Strike Groups.
             | 
             | Ex: If China + US decides that we need to fight over in
             | Antartica, the US will win in nearly every feasible
             | encounter.
             | 
             | -------
             | 
             | China's plan isn't to win or even challenge the Navy on the
             | high seas. Instead, China's plan is to assert military
             | strength with the seas it is close to: asserting military
             | might against Japan, Taiwan, Philippines, Korea, and other
             | local minor powers.
             | 
             | Furthermore: Chinese air-forces can launch from Mainland
             | China to support any hypothetical naval operations.
             | 
             | -------
             | 
             | EX: Its not trying to beat US in a fair fight. China is
             | likely aiming to beat the US in an "unfair fight": any
             | fight close to China's territories + air force + cruise
             | missile range might stand a chance against a US Carrier
             | Strike Group.
             | 
             | A few powerful Chinese ships under the protective cover of
             | cruise-missiles + Chinese airforce is probably the plan. It
             | only will be effective when close to the Chinese coast, but
             | that's all China really cares about.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | > China has absolutely no chance to meet head-to-head
               | against a US Carrier Strike Group on neutral territory.
               | Absolutely none, and the US has TEN Carrier Strike
               | Groups.
               | 
               | Right now. But take a look at the shipbuilding output
               | they've achieved. In ten to twenty years, China could
               | easily rival the US Navy.
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | China has many smaller Missile Destroyers or Frigates,
               | and has far more production than the USA right now. True.
               | 
               | However, smaller ships aren't going to do jack-diddly
               | squat against a Carrier Strike Group in a neutral
               | situation (ie: both sides meet in Antarctica). F-18s have
               | an effective strike range of over 1000-miles.
               | 
               | Submarines might have some theoretical advantages, but
               | the 110,000 ton Ford-class Carriers moves faster than
               | pretty much every submarine on the planet, so Submarines
               | literally cannot speed up fast enough to engage.
               | 
               | ----------
               | 
               | Those smaller Chinese Ships are going to rely upon a lot
               | of Air support + Cruise Missile support from the mainland
               | if they ever wish to actually engage with a US Carrier
               | Strike Group.
               | 
               | Staying within the protective cover of SAM (against air
               | threats), Cruise Missiles (against the CSG themselves)...
               | and providing a launch platform for various missiles,
               | Chinese Destroyers probably can do a job in a
               | hypothetical fight vs US Navy within the confines of the
               | South China Sea.
               | 
               | But once they leave the protective cover of China's
               | mainland... its all over. Swarms of F18s will just launch
               | missiles at all the Destroyers, while the Carrier Strike
               | Group sits back a thousand miles away.
               | 
               | --------
               | 
               | That's why the question isn't about those small Chinese
               | ships (even though China is making a lot of them). The
               | big question is about the performance of those Chinese
               | Carriers. At 70,000 tons or so, they're much lighter than
               | the 110,000 ton Ford-class carriers.
        
               | dvt wrote:
               | > In ten to twenty years, China could easily rival the US
               | Navy.
               | 
               | People said this 20 years ago. We've already started to
               | see the CCP losing ground (see HK), and I'm quite bearish
               | on the Party going forward. Jinping is 67, and I expect
               | to see a major power struggle which will leave the
               | Chinese Communist Party crippled when he dies.
        
               | mrob wrote:
               | >We've already started to see the CCP losing ground (see
               | HK)
               | 
               | How is violating the Sino-British Joint Declaration and
               | getting away with it "losing ground"? The Hong Kong
               | protests failed and Hongkongers now have less freedom
               | than before.
        
           | hetspookjee wrote:
           | I don't understand why WHO is selling it's creditiblity in
           | trade for politics. What is there to gain? Perhaps I am too
           | short sighted but I cannot believe that this is ever the
           | right compromise to take.
           | 
           | I also don't understand why they even had the slighest faith
           | in a reliable investigation. After all these months of
           | pushing back on researching accessing the site, they still
           | bowed to their whims. How does this help the argument that
           | it's better to just suck it up?
           | 
           | One thing I am really interested in to read more on is a
           | historians analysis of the parallels one can draw from the
           | period rising up to World War 2, and more importantly, how
           | the rest of the world acted back then. When Germany was
           | dissolving all their democratic processes, and started
           | labellling jews, what did the rest of the world do? What did
           | their neighbours do? Did they just happily keep on conducting
           | business?
           | 
           | I have read slightly into it, but placing the responses of
           | the countries at that time in the right context really
           | requires some solid knowledge of history. If anyone knows
           | interesting articles to read about the responses of the world
           | during that time: I'm very interested.
        
             | fennecfoxen wrote:
             | > I don't understand why WHO is selling it's creditiblity
             | in trade for politics. What is there to gain?
             | 
             | You reason about WHO as an institution, while disregarding
             | the principal-agent problem. The leaders of WHO are very
             | strongly influenced by China, and as a result the
             | institution is working to please China, rather than working
             | to fulfill its nominal mission. Its leaders will see ample
             | rewards for corrupting the institution.
        
             | nwah1 wrote:
             | >I don't understand why WHO is selling it's creditiblity in
             | trade for politics. What is there to gain?
             | 
             | Might have something to do with the fact that the leader of
             | the WHO, Dr Tedros Adhanom, was hand picked by the Chinese
             | communist party and won the position over the US and EU's
             | favored choice.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | "During its 140th meeting in January 2017, the Executive
               | Board of the WHO shortlisted Tedros as the front runner
               | out of six candidates through two rounds of secret
               | voting. He collected the most votes during both
               | rounds.[citation needed] Tedros "was supported by a bloc
               | of African and Asian countries, including China, which
               | has considerable influence with those members" while "the
               | US, UK and Canada... lent their support to... the British
               | doctor David Nabarro." One observer called it "a really
               | nasty" election."
               | 
               | Basically: "Oh, someone else can play the same game we've
               | played for a century with UN, WHO, IMF, etc. - how dare
               | they?"
        
               | tomp wrote:
               | You say this as if Africa&China was equivalent to US&EU.
               | A bunch of totalitarian dictatorships / warlord states
               | vs. democratic and at least _somewhat_ accountable and
               | transparent free republics.
        
               | refenestrator wrote:
               | The somewhat accountable and transparent free republics
               | spent like 200 years completely dicking over Africa &
               | China to the tune of millions dead. Not really a position
               | of moral superiority.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | You mean the proxy states, lackeys, and funded warlords
               | and dictators setup by EU in Africa, to safeguard the ex-
               | colonial pocessions and make sure they continue to get
               | their resources and control on the cheap?
               | 
               | Or the several Middle Easter/Asian/African countries
               | bombed, invaded, toppled, etc by the US (3-4 of them in
               | the last 20 years alone).
        
             | Pyramus wrote:
             | > When Germany was dissolving all their democratic
             | processes, and started labellling jews, what did the rest
             | of the world do? What did their neighbours do? Did they
             | just happily keep on conducting business?
             | 
             | The 1936 Olympic Summer Games are a good starting point in
             | my opinion.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936_Summer_Olympics
        
             | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
             | How bad of a deal it is to sell your credibility should
             | have been obvious since April 2020.
             | 
             | The lies about masks may have helped with shortages in the
             | short term. The result is now that people rightfully
             | distrust everything their governments say.
        
             | tcpekin wrote:
             | I recently read a very good book that was not so much a
             | broad overview, but rather a closer look at the American
             | ambassador and his family in Germany in the 1930s. I can
             | wholeheartedly strongly recommend it.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_the_Garden_of_Beasts
        
         | drran wrote:
         | You may want to read this article:
         | 
         | https://jglobalbiosecurity.com/articles/10.31646/gbio.41/
        
       | the_jeremy wrote:
       | As a layperson whose activism only amounts to charitable
       | donations, yard signs, and voting, why should I care whether this
       | virus was a lab escapee or naturally spread?
       | 
       | This is an earnest question, not a blind "I don't care". I think
       | this is interesting, and I can see some amount of merit in these
       | claims, but at the end of the day it doesn't feel like it matters
       | to me which one it was. It seems like the only change would be
       | "China gets more bad PR" and maybe American racists use this as
       | an excuse to be more racist.
        
         | stevenhuang wrote:
         | History exists for a reason. It's there to learn from.
         | 
         | If we can establish that a lab leak lead to a worldwide
         | pandemic, we'd place much more importance on lab security and
         | better handling procedures.
         | 
         | If it was naturally spread then we'd look at the feasibility of
         | reducing the chances of this happening again, like improving
         | sanitation of wet markets, implementing regulations, or even
         | banning them entirely.
         | 
         | Frankly the notion of it not mattering to someone how covid
         | came to be is absurd.
         | 
         | If you don't want something to happen again, you first need to
         | understand the circumstances that lead to it.
        
         | 8note wrote:
         | What does this actually change? If China did indeed release the
         | virus, does that mean I should not take a vaccine? That I
         | should stop wearing a mask?
         | 
         | If China knows and is hiding it, I'm still not clear what that
         | changes. They'll still know to improve their safety practices
        
           | stevenhuang wrote:
           | It means culpability. A better understanding of the dangers
           | of experimenting with deadly viruses.
           | 
           | All of this contributes to the history and scientific corpus
           | of what not to do, and lessons to learn from in the future
           | that we can point to as what can happen in lab leak
           | scenarios.
           | 
           | It's hard to accept in good faith the proposition that not
           | knowing the truth of what happened is preferable to knowing
           | the truth.
        
       | tehjoker wrote:
       | Pretty incredible how far the US media will go to deflect
       | attention from how bad the US response to the pandemic was to
       | China.
       | 
       | "Let me be clear: Labs in Wuhan might not have played any role in
       | the origin of the pandemic. But a year later, no source has been
       | found, and the world deserves a thorough, unbiased investigation
       | of all plausible theories that is conducted without fear or
       | favor."
       | 
       | Okay. So basically this author has no evidence other than the
       | fact that it's very difficult, maybe impossible to identify the
       | site of first transmission. I don't know what progress would look
       | like, but maybe sampling animals in the wild to find a carrier
       | with a genetic signature that looks like an early version?
       | 
       | This is just speculative nonsense to try to hype the government's
       | pivot to China. That's why its in the opinion section, the worst
       | part of the newspaper.
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | No, the evidence is there's a relevant viral research lab in
         | the epicentre with known history of safety issues _and_ no
         | animal transmission link have been confirmed.
        
           | tehjoker wrote:
           | There's evidence that many things are possible. Conspiracies
           | are possible, but they are primarily a diagnosis of exclusion
           | OR if there is specific evidence pointing in that direction.
           | 
           | The US media has made an art out of turning speculation into
           | exciting narratives that large fractions of the population
           | believe that turned out to be completely fabricated but
           | retain adherents for years or generations after.
        
             | varjag wrote:
             | It's not a conspiracy, but a not improbable covered up
             | accident. I.e. something pretty normal in any authoritarian
             | state.
             | 
             | I don't think anyone suggests the CCP unleashed the virus
             | onto its own city on purpose.
        
               | tehjoker wrote:
               | You're alleging the CCP is covering up their role a
               | global pandemic. That's a conspiracy as there is a group
               | of powerful people hiding something from the public.
               | 
               | I believe in many conspiracy theories that have
               | substantive evidence for them (e.g. the Gulf of Tonkin
               | Resolution was faked), so I don't dismiss the idea of a
               | conspiracy as impossible, they happen every day. However,
               | there is no substantive evidence presented here other
               | than the mere possibility that someone might have done
               | something bad.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | It's not a conspiracy in the sense of pre-meditated plan
               | by a group of villains.
               | 
               | It can well be a cover-up, which is a daily life in
               | places like China. In USSR, _every_ technological,
               | radiologic or biological disaster was covered up,
               | surfacing only when it was impossible to conceal.
        
           | ninkendo wrote:
           | Epicenters of a disease like this (respiratory disease with
           | asymptomatic transmission) are likely to be in an urban area,
           | so it's not surprising it's in a large city.
           | 
           | In a typical city the size of Wuhan, what are the odds it has
           | some sort of viral research lab? If this happened in (picking
           | a city at random...) Chicago, you could work backwards, find
           | a viral research lab in say, University of Illinois, and make
           | the same claim. "No link to animal transmission has been
           | found, and the original epicenter was known to have a viral
           | research lab. QED."
        
             | varjag wrote:
             | Well, we know for a fact that the outbreak started in
             | Wuhan, not in Chicago. Had it happened in Chicago, am
             | certain the university lab would be under suspicion.
             | 
             | And no, the vast majority of cities do not have viral
             | research labs.
        
         | VectorLock wrote:
         | Its very difficult maybe impossible because China is trying
         | very hard to make it that way.
        
           | tehjoker wrote:
           | Maybe, but I think it's fairly obvious that this is naturally
           | a hard problem (e.g. having teams of people sample
           | potentially millions of animals in the field) unless you get
           | lucky or catch it in the act.
        
             | VectorLock wrote:
             | Naturally hard and then a giant government is doing
             | everything in their power to stymie it at every turn.
             | Regardless of the debate on if this is a logically or
             | morally appropriate thing to do, but one can conclude they
             | wouldn't be doing this if they didn't think there was some
             | possibility of it.
        
         | bumbada wrote:
         | People are too naive when they talk about China.
         | 
         | For one people actually believe Chinese's numbers, something no
         | Chinese national will ever do.
         | 
         | China is a totalitarian country, they have the monopoly of the
         | press. That means official numbers are not real numbers because
         | if you go against the official numbers you just dissapear. You
         | can not compare numbers given in a free press country against
         | numbers being given by a totalitarian country.
         | 
         | That happened for decades with Soviet Russia, while Lenin and
         | Stalin made tens of millions of people die of starvation, their
         | official numbers were fantastic. They even exported grain.
         | 
         | There is no evidence because China made impossible for
         | scientists to study the origin of COVID for almost a year. They
         | closed their laboratories and removed all possible evidence
         | with bleach.
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | As a result, I have no reason to believe that Wuhan is
           | actually the first outbreak, making the existence of that lab
           | irrelevant
        
           | tehjoker wrote:
           | It's amusing that you post this under a US propaganda piece
           | trying to convince people based on zero evidence that China
           | did something bad. The US press is just as propagandistic and
           | vehemently denies it as large sections of the US population
           | lose trust in it (so called "fake-news").
           | 
           | I think you are referring to an event in Ukraine where some
           | of the peasantry burned crops, but some exports were still
           | bound for the cities. In the Irish potato famine, the UK
           | exported food from Ireland even as people starved to death.
           | In the US, farmers burned crops and poured out milk in the
           | great depression as people starved.
           | 
           | Juxtaposed, there is little reason to treat foreign
           | governments as inherently worse than our own and much reason
           | hold them to similar evidentiary standards. My hope is that
           | the standard would be high for both domestic and foreign
           | stories.
        
         | saas_sam wrote:
         | Did you know officials sent a warning in 2018 about the Wuhan
         | Institute of Virology warning that their experiments were
         | dangerous and the facility was run poorly, risking a new Sars-
         | like pandemic? https://www.bbc.com/news/science-
         | environment-52318539
         | 
         | Did you know the CCP arrested the first doctor sounding the
         | alarm about COVID? https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-
         | china-51364382
         | 
         | Did you know viruses have escaped from labs before? It is a
         | known risk.
         | 
         | You can say the evidence is not conclusive and you would be
         | right. But it's far from "speculative nonsense."
         | 
         | One wonders if you would be similarly skeptical of claims
         | relating to COVID's cause being something much more speculative
         | and vague... say, global anthropogenic climate change, for
         | example. I'm sure you'd be pumping the brakes just as hard on
         | any speculation to that effect, right? ;-)
        
           | tehjoker wrote:
           | "The Washington Post newspaper reported information obtained
           | from diplomatic cables on 14 April. They show that, in 2018,
           | US science diplomats were sent on repeated visits to a
           | Chinese research facility.
           | 
           | Officials sent two warnings to Washington about the lab. The
           | column says the officials were worried about safety and
           | management weaknesses at the Wuhan Institute of Virology
           | (WIV) and called for more help." ... "What kinds of security
           | failures were the cables describing?
           | 
           | The short answer is we don't know from the information
           | provided in the Washington Post. But, generally speaking,
           | there are multiple ways that safety measures can be breached
           | at labs dealing with biological agents.
           | 
           | According to Dr Lentzos, these include: "Who has access to
           | the lab, the training and refresher-training of scientists
           | and technicians, procedures for record-keeping, signage,
           | inventory lists of pathogens, accident notification
           | practices, emergency procedures.""
           | 
           | In other words, all the information is non-public and coming
           | from the entirely unreliable US Intelligence services whose
           | job is to lie and make the US government look good. If these
           | reports had been published (meaning in public documents)
           | prior to the pandemic OR there was an admission by the
           | Chinese government, this would be far more credible.
        
             | saas_sam wrote:
             | So the US intelligence service isn't credible... but the
             | CCP is?
             | 
             | I think I understand where you are coming from now, thank
             | you.
        
       | coliveira wrote:
       | Except that experts have visited Wuhan and never found evidence
       | of the theory proposed in this article. I think it is time to
       | stop spreading even more disinformation about this deadly
       | disease. If the US government had taken the virus seriously as
       | the Chinese did, we most certainly wouldn't be in this situation.
        
         | garmaine wrote:
         | When did experts ever visit the labs in question?
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | China blocked investigators from going to Wuhan Institute of
         | Virology.
        
         | sasaf5 wrote:
         | If the Chinese government had taken this virus seriously from
         | the beginning the world wouldn't be in this situation.
        
       | weibing wrote:
       | "I have heard so many news about a guy winning more than 100
       | millions from Powerball. I couldn't image that it won't happen to
       | me in the future." That's my translation of this article.
        
       | lordgrenville wrote:
       | That's what the people at Rootclaim concluded as well
       | https://www.rootclaim.com/analysis/what-is-the-source-of-cov...
        
       | kangnkodos wrote:
       | This reminds me of the conspiracy theory book, Lab 257. There was
       | a lab on Plum Island in the Long Island Sound that studied
       | infectious diseases.
       | 
       | If you trace back the spread of Lyme disease in time, you get two
       | points. One in Connecticut, and one on Long Island, where workers
       | got on the boats to Plum Island.
       | 
       | The lab was studying diseases similar to Lyme disease at the
       | time.
       | 
       | All those are facts.
       | 
       | The conspiracy theory is that Lyme disease was accidentally
       | released by that lab.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_257#Discredited_consp...
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | > Archived specimens show that Lyme disease was endemic well
         | before the establishment of Plum Island laboratory.
         | 
         | > Additionally, Lyme disease was never a topic of research at
         | Plum Island, according to the US Department of Homeland
         | Security and Department of Agriculture.
         | 
         | These are facts, too, in your link. -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
           | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
           | You should read the actual book, because it addresses both of
           | these points.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | How?
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease#History
             | 
             | > The 2010 autopsy of Otzi the Iceman, a 5,300-year-old
             | mummy, revealed the presence of the DNA sequence of
             | Borrelia burgdorferi making him the earliest known human
             | with Lyme disease.
             | 
             | Unless it's got conclusive evidence of a functional time
             | machine, it's gonna struggle to explain how a town in
             | Connecticut predates a prehistoric mummy.
        
       | Giorgi wrote:
       | Looks like breach theory is finally reaching mainstream. Good to
       | know wokies protecting "poor China" will finally GTFO.
        
       | Invictus0 wrote:
       | A friend with access to Merrill Lynch Research told me in August
       | that there was strong consensus around the WIV lab theory. If
       | there's one reliable source of truth in the world, it's the
       | information that banks are betting billions on.
        
       | softwaredoug wrote:
       | New coronavirus pandemics like this aren't novel. It's thought
       | many of the boring common cold coronaviruses we don't think much
       | of started as an outbreak sometime in the past crossing animal-
       | human boundaries
       | 
       | One common cold coronavirus that circulates around had a common
       | ancestor in 1890. Suspiciously timed with the Russian "Flu"
       | pandemic of 1890-1891[1]
       | 
       | (Not that we can just discount the Wuhan lab theory, but a
       | naturally occurring pandemic like this not that weird
       | historically)
       | 
       | 1 - https://theconversation.com/a-brief-history-of-the-
       | coronavir...
        
         | loveistheanswer wrote:
         | New coronavirus pandemics like this _are_ novel. Not because it
         | 's a coronavirus, but because of how highly adapted and highly
         | transmissible it has been since it was first "discovered".
         | Other such viral outbreaks in recent decades were not nearly as
         | transmissible
        
       | tamaharbor wrote:
       | Like John Lennon sang, "All I want is the truth, just give me
       | some truth". Very hard to come by these days, especially if it
       | has anything to do with 'The Orange Man'.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | maybe we should regulate gain-of-function research not tourism?
        
       | 0xcafecafe wrote:
       | While the headline talks about covid, I found other bits of the
       | article scary. For instance the supposed lax handling of
       | pathogens like smallpox. While I would trust the worldwide
       | scientific community for covid origin theories, I cannot look
       | past the egregious safety violations reported in the article (if
       | true).
        
         | loveistheanswer wrote:
         | >While I would trust the worldwide scientific community for
         | covid origin theories
         | 
         | Which scientific community are you referring to? There are
         | countless scientists who have been arguing against the risks of
         | gain of function research for many years. Why are pro-gain of
         | function scientists deathly silent now about the supposed
         | benefits of their research?
        
           | jMyles wrote:
           | I had the same thought. Maybe it's just the crowd I run with,
           | but criticism of gain-of-function research (certainly
           | including informed speculation of a lab escape for this
           | coronavirus) seem very mainstream to me.
        
             | Pyramus wrote:
             | I believe grand-parent was talking about a lab leak, not
             | necessarily with gain of function research being involved,
             | and scientists dismissal.
             | 
             | Which is not a dismissal at all. What scientists are saying
             | is that both zoonotic transfer and lab leak are plausible,
             | but that we don't have evidence for the latter (yet!) and
             | the former is more likely.
             | 
             | In many media articles this simplifies to 'scientists say
             | virus origins are zoonotic'.
        
               | loveistheanswer wrote:
               | >the former is more likely.
               | 
               | Is this likelihood differential being calculated using
               | data, or is it just a hypothesis?
        
               | Pyramus wrote:
               | Just a binary variable 'A more likely than B' or vice
               | versa formed from prior zoonotic transfers and lab
               | escapes.
               | 
               | I don't think at this point it is credible to assign
               | probabilities to either hypothesis (which are assumed to
               | be exclusive here).
        
       | pnathan wrote:
       | I have three perspectives here I want to share.
       | 
       | (1) Let's address the glass windows in our own house first and
       | tighten the US policies and culture. Secrecy is not a good idea
       | here. Without even reflecting on Covid, it is clear the author
       | has been dealing with this a while, and the US needs to improve.
       | I am reminded of discussions on the old '50s/'60s nuclear
       | culture...
       | 
       | (2) A year later, it may not be possible for the most _honest_ ,
       | the most _painstaking_ , the most _independent_ reconstruction of
       | the Wuhan lab events to properly track what occurred. Nor would
       | it be _per se_ politically doable. It might, however, be feasible
       | for the Chinese official position to commit to an enhanced
       | tightening of policies and culture around lab handling of
       | specimens, in light of current events and looking forward.
       | 
       | (3) To a first approximation (the same one where Pi = 3), I don't
       | care if Covid comes from a lab, a bat, a pig, or a chicken. I
       | care that there are dead people, and that there was massive
       | dysfunction globally & in a multipartisan way in the response,
       | leading to more dead and disabled people...
        
         | pageandrew wrote:
         | 1. The virus did not originate in our own house. Seems like a
         | deflection to say we should focus on ourselves when we're
         | starting at evidence that Chinese missteps could have caused a
         | global pandemic that has killed millions and upended life for
         | billions.
         | 
         | 2. Doesn't mean we shouldn't try. We should also acknowledge
         | that an investigation much earlier on could have happened if it
         | were not for Chinese government obstructionism and cover-ups.
         | 
         | 3. Why do you not care about where it came from? The allegation
         | at hand is that China's irresponsible scientific
         | experimentation "created" this virus (intentional
         | oversimplification) and allowed it to leak. If the truth never
         | comes out, and China is never held accountable, the same thing
         | could happen again. Why is your sole interest the global
         | _response_ to the pandemic as opposed to the missteps that
         | _caused_ the pandemic in the first place?
        
           | soperj wrote:
           | Would you then say that irresponsibly treating the virus
           | within the US & other western countries actually caused the
           | pandemic to be bigger than it should have been?
        
             | pageandrew wrote:
             | Even the Western countries that "responsibly" treated the
             | virus are having pretty serious surges now. I guess
             | anything short of a total and complete lockdown was
             | irresponsible.
             | 
             | I'd say that the release of a highly transmissible and
             | moderately lethal pathogen was the primary issue.
        
           | carols10cents wrote:
           | 1. Even if this particular virus didn't originate in our own
           | house, if we want to demand openness and security from other
           | countries, we in the US should start by being open with
           | records of accidents and enhanced measures to prevent future
           | accidents.
        
             | pageandrew wrote:
             | Safety issues at US labs are not kept secret, as the author
             | of the linked article has literally reported on them
             | before, and they have also never caused a deadly global
             | pandemic.
        
               | gsk22 wrote:
               | > Safety issues at US labs are not kept secret
               | 
               | No, they are "inadvertently" misclassified [1] or kept
               | secret because of bioterrorism laws [2].
               | 
               | > and they have also never caused a deadly global
               | pandemic.
               | 
               | Neither has a Chinese lab, to the best of our knowledge.
               | Doesn't rule it out, but let's not jump to conclusions.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2016/06/23/undisc
               | losed-c... [2] https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation
               | /2014/08/17/report...
        
         | DigiDigiorno wrote:
         | 1. I think this perspective is basically "Whataboutism the US
         | house...", Whataboutism aside, the US does examine and
         | iteratively improve standards...but either way, we aren't
         | talking about that house.
         | 
         | 2. I only think a thorough investigation is not possible
         | because the Chinese government is not going to allow that such
         | a honest investigation to occur.
         | 
         | 3. If a flowerpot fell from a balcony and killed your loved
         | one, you wouldn't care if it was intentionally thrown,
         | negligently left there, or simply a freak act of god? I think
         | almost everyone cares about the cause of this event. If not for
         | reasons of closure and blame, for reasons of understanding and
         | improving out future actions.
        
       | loveistheanswer wrote:
       | Peter Daszak, member of the WHO Covid origins team, was also the
       | project lead for the US funded gain of function research of novel
       | coronaviruses that was going on at the Wuhan BSL4 lab.
       | 
       | There is historical precedent of authorities blaming local meat
       | markets to cover up a lab leak.
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverdlovsk_anthrax_leak
        
         | musha68k wrote:
         | Interesting pointer there but his answer on the issue seems
         | plausible as well. Apparently they were "just fishing for
         | funding":
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/PeterDaszak/status/1292819714935271424
         | 
         | I'm not a virologist but every TWiV episode I listened to,
         | there was convincing talk about natural reservoirs being the
         | most likely source of the virus.
         | 
         | AFAIR they also expect similar events to happen increasingly
         | all over the world due to side effects of the climate crisis
         | and global heating.
        
           | loveistheanswer wrote:
           | >I'm not a virologist but every TWiV episode I listened to,
           | there was convincing talk about natural reservoirs being the
           | most likely source of the virus.
           | 
           | In no way whatsoever does that rule out a lab leak. Most, if
           | not all of the viruses being tested at the lab were taken
           | from natural reservoirs
        
         | jtdev wrote:
         | I can't believe that Mr. Daszak is on the origins team...
         | nothing like letting the accused do the investigation.
        
       | watertom wrote:
       | A lot of smart people in this forum.
       | 
       | Someone please explain to me how the Chinese were able to
       | identify that that had a new virus.
       | 
       | I've done pandemic drills with homeland security. They said they
       | way you know you've got a new virus floating around is either new
       | symptoms; significantly more "flu like" cases; significantly more
       | cases escalating to pneumonia; increased deaths.
       | 
       | Covid presents like the flu, so much so you need a test, but
       | early on a test was not available. So the symptoms are not
       | unique.
       | 
       | Early on there was not a spike in cases, so that would not have
       | sparked an interest.
       | 
       | Early on there was not a significant uptick in flu cases turning
       | to to pneumonia, so that would not have sparked interest.
       | 
       | Early on there was not a spike in deaths, so that would not have
       | e sparked an interest.
       | 
       | In fact when the Chinese discovered covid, there was absolutely
       | no evidence that anything out of the ordinary was taking place.
       | 
       | But somehow the Chinese knew that they had a very contagious, bat
       | based virus circulating, based on no information.
       | 
       | Everyone is focused on the wrong thing, I want to know how they
       | discovered it with no information?
       | 
       | I've always believed this was an lab accident by a technician
       | that needed their job so they covered it up until they and too
       | many family members got sick and it was obvious something was
       | wrong.
       | 
       | They knew about the virus because it was being studied, and
       | that's the only answer that makes any sense.
        
         | m0llusk wrote:
         | You should look up some of the leaked videos on the Internet.
         | There was in fact a huge spike in cases early on and people
         | were dropping dead in the street. That was the freak out that
         | led to the Communist Party not being able to keep a lid on the
         | whole mess. It wasn't just sick people showing up in hospitals
         | in huge numbers, it was dead bodies lying in the streets.
         | 
         | The thing is that whether this came from a lab or not is of
         | limited relevance. Viruses have been hopping from animal hosts
         | from humans for a while and if anything this one was late and
         | long expected. Either way the kind of preparations we need to
         | make for future events are the same.
        
           | ryanSrich wrote:
           | > There was in fact a huge spike in cases early on and people
           | were dropping dead in the street
           | 
           | Wasn't this happening well after they knew the virus existed?
           | From my understanding, they knew the virus existed very early
           | on. Much early than when people were dropping dead in the
           | streets or getting dragged out of their apartments.
        
         | VivaCascadia wrote:
         | This episode of Frontline does a really good job of walking
         | through the timeline of what was discovered and when, and how
         | long they sat on that information before taking action.
         | 
         | https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/chinas-covid-secrets...
        
         | xienze wrote:
         | > I've always believed this was an lab accident by a technician
         | that needed their job so they covered it up until they and too
         | many family members got sick and it was obvious something was
         | wrong.
         | 
         | Really drove me nuts how early on everyone, everyone was
         | working overtime to try and dismiss the possibility that this
         | was some sort of lab leak. I'm sorry but the way China went
         | absolutely DEFCON 1 (welding people into their apartments,
         | blocking the roads out of town, nightly fumigations of public
         | spaces) within a short period of time strongly suggests that
         | they had a "oh crap, _that thing we were working on got out_"
         | moment. Never understood why people were so eager to dismiss
         | this possibility.
        
         | miemo23 wrote:
         | but there was a spike in pneumonia related cases... didn't a
         | doctor sound the alarm on this (and was reprimanded for it)
        
         | hfjfktkrkf wrote:
         | From what I've read when you have pneumonia you receive
         | antibiotics. If that doesn't work, they test a lung wash
         | against the usual bacterias/viruses. If that doesn't match
         | anything, it's called unexplained pneumonia, and that gets
         | escalated and the lung wash is sent to top labs for sequencing.
         | When they did this, they got a 90% match to SARS and raised the
         | alarm.
        
       | 0-_-0 wrote:
       | For anyone who wants to set their Bayesian priors to estimate the
       | probability of a lab leak I recommend this list:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_accidents_and_incident...
       | 
       | For example, the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1) escaped from the
       | lab twice, both in 2003 and 2004.
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | Also important to remember that the WIV had ongoing research in
         | bat coronaviruses. Now that isn't unusual after SARS, but it
         | does slightly make the theory more plausible.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throwawaysea wrote:
         | Also, the Obama administration banned gain of function research
         | broadly due to "biosafety incidents" at federal research labs
         | in the US. The announcement explicitly called out research on
         | SARS:
         | https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/10/17/doing-d...
        
         | offby37years wrote:
         | And https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhan_Institute_of_Virology
         | is one of only two BSL-4 labs in China.
        
           | robin21 wrote:
           | > BSL-4 level lab put into operation in January 2018
           | 
           | And only 2 years later we have an outbreak
        
         | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
         | Lab 257 is an amazing book about germ research labs. It
         | fascinated me both with how hard it is to contain diseases
         | under ideal conditions (lab 257 was on an island miles from
         | anything inhabited) and how poor of a job people who should
         | have known better, the actual virologists and people with MDs,
         | did at containing diseases they were researching.
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/Lab-257-Disturbing-Governments-Labora...
         | 
         | Warning: this book is non-fiction and is scary.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > Warning: this book is non-fiction and is scary.
           | 
           | It may be scary, but it's not non-fiction.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_257#Discredited_consp.
           | ..
           | 
           | > A discredited 2004 book entitled Lab 257: The Disturbing
           | Story of the Government's Secret Plum Island Germ Laboratory
           | fueled the conspiracy theories. Archived specimens show that
           | Lyme disease was endemic well before the establishment of
           | Plum Island laboratory. Additionally, Lyme disease was never
           | a topic of research at Plum Island, according to the US
           | Department of Homeland Security and Department of
           | Agriculture.
        
       | gregwebs wrote:
       | This is a great article explaining why a lab leak should always
       | be a suspect. The alternative theory is that a virus traveled on
       | its own (via bats or other animals) from bat caves 900km away to
       | Wuhan where there are 2 labs researching bats. One of the labs is
       | lesser known but is right next to the seafood market and the
       | hospital where the outbreak was first known. [1]
       | 
       | This article points out that a lab outbreak could have happened
       | in the United States and many places in the world. We need to
       | avoid demonizing China over this if we want to ever find out the
       | truth and learn how to prevent another pandemic outbreak.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20200214144447/https://www.resea...
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | >a lab outbreak could have happened in the United States and
         | many places in the world.
         | 
         | no. US stopped doing that GoF research and funded it in those
         | Wuhan labs instead - basically like outsourcing of any other
         | environmentally dangerous manufacturing, etc. to China.
        
         | anthony_romeo wrote:
         | I agree. Personally I've not dismissed this possibility at all.
         | But as it stands, it's just a hypothesis with suggestive
         | information, but nothing concrete. There are verified wrongs to
         | criticize them for, and can be a starting point where
         | remediation can begin, rather than drum up hate and criticism
         | of mere hypothetical wrongs. And of course, one such example of
         | verifiable wrong could be proof of destroying evidence of the
         | disease's origin...
        
         | president wrote:
         | > We need to avoid demonizing China over this
         | 
         | Not a productive message and this sentiment just distracts from
         | the discussion, which is playing into China's narrative.
         | 
         | > if we want to ever find out the truth and learn how to
         | prevent another pandemic outbreak.
         | 
         | It's a bit late isn't it? China witheld early information about
         | the virus and prevented WHO scientists from visiting ground
         | zero. Silencing journalists and censoring information from
         | coming out all the while pushing propaganda...what do you think
         | we're going to learn from them that hasn't already been swept
         | under the rug?
         | 
         | I find it absolutely flabbergasting the amount of trust people
         | in the US and other countries place on the Chinese government.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | This comment is a noticeable step into nationalistic
           | flamewar. Please don't do that in HN comments. That way lies
           | hell, and we're trying for a different sort of discussion
           | here.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
             | kevbin wrote:
             | The truth hurts. China released a deadly virus into the
             | world. It tried to cover it up. It tried to blackmail
             | Australia. It is extorting Africa.
             | 
             | China and the Chinese people must accept their
             | responsibility for this catastrophe. They must let the rest
             | of the world, in the guise of the UN, come in and sort out
             | how much of this crime was intentional and how much
             | incompetence.
             | 
             | China mist be held accountable. It should pay reparations
             | to every other nation. It should be banned from doing any
             | biomedical research until it can probably meet
             | westernsafety standards.
        
             | hokumguru wrote:
             | Taking a step back, does he not at least bring up some
             | valid points?
             | 
             | The CCP did bar scientists from early investigation and has
             | gone to considerable lengths to suppress news outlets from
             | properly reporting on the issue at hand.
             | 
             | This does at least deserve some criticism.
        
         | BoorishBears wrote:
         | I think the theory should be dismissed because it's not
         | falseable.
         | 
         | Right now, there is no question that say, the US military has
         | samples of Coronavirus.
         | 
         | Even if Coronavirus originated in nature, going forward if
         | there is ever a new outbreak, you technically can't prove it
         | wasn't the US military accidentally messing up can you?
         | 
         | You don't know the characteristics of the strain they're
         | holding, and if it originated in nature then any study of it
         | will show it came from nature.
         | 
         | Likewise you can't prove it wasn't the lab. They could have had
         | samples of it from before, how can you prove the negative of
         | that? It's hard to prove you _didn 't_ have access to a given
         | thing.
        
         | jounker wrote:
         | It's quite possible that it's a pangolin virus. Guess what
         | trafficked in Chinese wet markets?
        
           | eloff wrote:
           | The earliest cases has no known link to the wet market.
           | That's an old hypothesis.
        
           | wilg wrote:
           | Apparently the Pangolin thing is looking less likely:
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-020-0771-4
        
           | tripletao wrote:
           | Pangolins were an early suspect, but Alina Chan discovered
           | that the multiple pangolin papers were all from the same
           | batch of smuggled pangolins. This makes it much more likely
           | that the pangolins were infected by something else, in the
           | same way that housecats get infected by their human owners.
           | 
           | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.07.07.184374v1..
           | ..
           | 
           | Because of this, Nature has placed an editor's note on their
           | pangolin paper:
           | 
           | > 11 November 2020 Editor's Note: Readers are alerted that
           | concerns have been raised about the identity of the pangolin
           | samples reported in this paper and their relationship to
           | previously published pangolin samples. Appropriate editorial
           | action will be taken once this matter is resolved.
           | 
           | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2313-x
           | 
           | No one is seriously proposing pangolins anymore, not even
           | Daszak and the Chinese. The proximal host for MERS (camels)
           | was identified in a little over a year, and for the original
           | SARS (palm civets) in a little less. For SARS-CoV-2, despite
           | the much greater effort, we're still waiting.
        
         | kevbin wrote:
         | > We need to avoid demonizing China over this if we want to
         | ever find out the truth and learn how to prevent another
         | pandemic outbreak.
         | 
         | No, we need to shame China and the Chinese people until they
         | respect basic human dignity. Until they do, the country and its
         | people are a dangerous, malignant threat to the civilized--
         | i.e., Western--world.
        
           | justinpowers wrote:
           | A government and its people are not equivalent. The people
           | should not be shamed in the same manner that you would shame
           | a government.
           | 
           | More importantly, with your last sentence you're implying
           | that China and the entire eastern world is not civilized.
           | Shame on you.
        
         | strogonoff wrote:
         | Prescient quote from a paper[0] published in 2015, two of the
         | authors of which are with Wuhan Institute of Virology:
         | 
         | > Understanding the bat origin of human coronaviruses is
         | helpful for the prediction and prevention of another pandemic
         | emergence in the future.
         | 
         | China clearly contributed valuable research into bat
         | coronaviruses. They had all the motivation to look into these
         | after the first deadly SARS. I think it's silly to presume CCP
         | engineered a virus as part of some warfare strategy, or even to
         | vilify/sanction them for a lab leak if it indeed was the cause
         | (mistakes happen).
         | 
         | However, CCP's resistance to researching the origins of COVID
         | is frustrating. Lab escapes happen. There are well-documented
         | cases of the original SARS virus leaking from a lab in Beijing
         | in 2004 (killing at least one person)--why would it be
         | impossible all of a sudden now?
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12985-...
        
       | fulion wrote:
       | In fact, it is very likely that the virus was brought to China by
       | American soldiers during the military Games held in Wuhan,
       | because there have been patients with similar pneumonia in the
       | United States for a long time, but it has not been taken
       | seriously. It just happened that the Spring Festival travel rush
       | in China led to the widespread outbreak of the virus and was
       | widely paid attention to
        
         | benlumen wrote:
         | Are you joking?
         | 
         | > Account created 2 minutes ago
         | 
         | Interesting.
        
           | someperson wrote:
           | The "virus brought in by foreign soldiers during 2019
           | Military World Games" is a widely used narrative in
           | government of China propaganda.
           | 
           | It's understandable that many people believe it.
           | 
           | It's not just paid trolls ("wumao") who believe this, but
           | even normal people are susceptible to spreading such
           | falsehoods.
        
             | benlumen wrote:
             | That's a brand new account pushing that narrative. They're
             | here.
        
           | fulion wrote:
           | In the United States, many variants of the new coronavirus
           | have been detected, and the types of these viruses are more
           | complex than those found in China.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | " _Don 't feed egregious comments by replying; flag them
           | instead._"
           | 
           | a.k.a. Please don't feed the you know what.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | fulion wrote:
         | Long before the virus was discovered in China, many people died
         | in the United States because of the mysterious e-cigarette. Now
         | it seems that these people are probably suffering from the new
         | crown virus, but no one noticed it at that time.
        
           | benlumen wrote:
           | Literally a brand new account shilling a US origin theory.
           | This is the internet now.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Please don't. I know it doesn't feel this way, but replying
             | is worse than the original comment.
             | 
             | If people follow the site guidelines and flag such
             | provocations without replying, the thread grounds out. By
             | feeding it, you furnish a circuit and all the current
             | necessary for a prolonged electrocution.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
               | benlumen wrote:
               | Understood, thanks for taking the time to explain.
        
       | benlumen wrote:
       | Related - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26389690 (In 2018,
       | US Diplomats Warned of Risky Coronavirus Experiments in a Wuhan
       | Lab - politico.com)
        
         | Pyramus wrote:
         | Please check the actual cables before jumping to conclusions
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26447042
        
           | neartheplain wrote:
           | "If you actually read the cables [...]"
           | 
           | Link?
        
         | EMM_386 wrote:
         | MIT Technology Review, last week:
         | 
         | "Did the coronavirus leak from a lab? These scientists say we
         | shouldn't rule it out."
         | 
         | https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/03/18/1021030/coronavi...
        
         | neonate wrote:
         | Also - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25640323 (The Lab
         | Leak Hypothesis - nymag.com)
        
       | trynton wrote:
       | Without any verifiable evident, it just doesn't make sense. There
       | is a continual exchange of information between Wuhan and other
       | centers of disease control. So it would be very difficult to keep
       | such a secret. Besides, if it was a virus that escaped, then the
       | Chinese would already have the means to create a vaccine and so
       | save the planet. Instead they did nothing and sat on it.
        
         | Spooks wrote:
         | >have the means to create a vaccine and so save the planet
         | 
         | is that true though? Aren't a lot of diseases being worked on
         | in labs without the means to cure them yet
        
       | Uninen wrote:
       | There's a recent episode of Joe Rogan podcast (#1616) with Jamie
       | Metzl that goes quite deep in this very topic:
       | https://open.spotify.com/episode/7aitKgecZ0fPKjT15no5jU?si=h...
       | 
       | He's also published a blog post titled "Origins of SARS-CoV-2" on
       | his Web site: https://jamiemetzl.com/origins-of-sars-cov-2/
        
       | SlipperySlope wrote:
       | The trend of circumstantial evidence continues to favor the lab
       | leak hypothesis. In contrast there is no new circumstantial
       | evidence favoring the natural origin hypothesis.
       | 
       | Reported last year...
       | 
       | US investigating 'hazardous event' in Wuhan lab in October
       | Alleged 'hazardous event' occurred days before Wuhan Military
       | World Games in October
       | 
       | Plus, genetic drift research shows virus first cases in October.
        
       | musicale wrote:
       | I remember reading this article in the WP a year ago which seemed
       | to conflate viral escape with bioengineering and imply that lack
       | of the latter implies lack of the former:
       | 
       | "Tom Cotton keeps repeating a coronavirus conspiracy theory that
       | was already debunked"
       | 
       | https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/02/16/tom-cotto...
        
         | esja wrote:
         | The mainstream press were all conflating accidental leaks with
         | bioweapons engineering. It went on for months.
        
       | Graffur wrote:
       | Upvoted. People are brainwashed in both directions but discussion
       | shouldn't be banned.
       | 
       | EDIT: The downvotes to me represent people who want to silence
       | discussion on the matter.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please don't post unsubstantive and/or flamebait comments,
         | especially on divisive topics.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
         | 
         | Please also don't go on about downvotes. As the site guidelines
         | say, this never does any good and it makes boring reading.
        
       | dwpdwpdwpdwpdwp wrote:
       | So much opinionated certainty.
       | 
       | Seems like the only consensus is that the origin was (lab-leak ||
       | zoonotic). Given the unlikelihood of ever knowing the true origin
       | story, future epidemic mitigation efforts should just assume both
       | causes. History is rich with examples of both.
        
       | f430 wrote:
       | I recall many people calling the Wuhan lab leak theory as
       | conspiracy on HN. They were adamant that it came from bats.
       | Interestingly enough, those accounts were all brand new accounts
       | and some haven't been active on HN for several months all of
       | sudden started coming out of the wood works.
        
       | jtdev wrote:
       | What!? I thought it came from a shipment of fish sticks...
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please stop posting unsubstantive and/or flamebait comments to
         | HN--especially on divisive topics. The guidelines are clear on
         | this, and we ban accounts that break them repeatedly. Given
         | that we've had to warn you half a dozen times now, it's time
         | for you to review
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and fix this.
        
           | jtdev wrote:
           | My apologies, I was simply trying to make a sarcastic
           | observation regarding the ridiculousness of one of the CCP's
           | bogus explanations for the virus origin.
        
           | Graffur wrote:
           | As someone else who has been unfairly flagged on this thread,
           | I will stand up for jtdev. A quick scan of their profile and
           | posts show they have been here 2-3 years. They have a small
           | number of on topic submissions about CEOs, technologies and
           | science. Their posts are normal enough. There's the obvious
           | theme that they're not in the Woke club though.
        
       | Leary wrote:
       | The virus acquired the traits that made it infectious to humans
       | either through natural selection or bio-engineering.
       | 
       | If it was through natural selection, then it was likely such
       | virus was going to cause a pandemic whether it was leaked by the
       | lab or not, since presumably there's a natural reservoir of the
       | virus.
        
       | hootbootscoot wrote:
       | Hypothesis. Theories have evidence. This hypothesis has
       | circumstantial evidence that a basic study in RNA molecules,
       | virii, hydrolysis, mutation, protein-mimicry, "trying all keys of
       | a combination lock, getting the right one gives you a direct
       | ticket to an animal cell taking you into it's DNA replication
       | process"
       | 
       | The so-called "Spanish Flu" of 1918 had origins in a migratory
       | bird route over large tracts of pig stockyards, and the workers
       | and nearby army base residents were subsequently infected and
       | subsequently brought it over to Europe at the end of WW1.
       | 
       | Given both points above, shame on USATODAY for giving the time of
       | day to such dangerous speculation while much of the planet chafes
       | under lockdown and is irritable and hating on China anyway...
       | shameful demagoguery. Dismissed.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_hydrolysis
        
       | Scoundreller wrote:
       | I'm sure everyone here can appreciate the difference between
       | development and manufacturing.
       | 
       | While I agree that it's extremely unlikely that a lab developed
       | this virus, it's far more plausible for one to have manufactured
       | it.
        
         | brippalcharrid wrote:
         | What makes you think it's "extremely unlikely" that this virus
         | was developed in a lab, and who do you think you're agreeing
         | with?
         | 
         | > "It was very unlikely that anything could escape from such a
         | place," Ben Embarek said during the Feb. 9 WHO press
         | conference, citing the team's discussions with Wuhan lab
         | officials about their safety protocols and audits. "If you look
         | at the history of lab accidents, these are extremely rare
         | events."
         | 
         | > Yet lab accidents aren't rare.
         | 
         | > What's rare are accidents causing documented outbreaks. But
         | those have happened, including in 2004 when two researchers at
         | a lab in Beijing unknowingly became infected with another type
         | of SARS coronavirus, sparking a small outbreak that killed one
         | person.
         | 
         | > In the weeks since leaving Wuhan, the WHO's team has been
         | questioned about its independence and depth, including by the
         | Biden administration, amid media reports that China denied the
         | team access to raw data on possible COVID-19 cases that were
         | identified during the earliest part of the outbreak.
         | 
         | > "We have deep concerns about the way in which the early
         | findings of the COVID-19 investigation were communicated and
         | questions about the process used to reach them," White House
         | national security adviser Jake Sullivan said in a statement
         | last month. "It is imperative that this report be independent,
         | with expert findings free from intervention or alteration by
         | the Chinese government."
         | 
         | Why is the distinction between development and manufacturing
         | relevant here? Have you read the article?
        
           | Simulacra wrote:
           | While I agree with your statement, please do not insinuate or
           | ask if the commenter has read the article. It is against the
           | rules. https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
             | viklove wrote:
             | HN has such odd and draconian rules that should really come
             | under scrutiny more often. We're not allowed to think or
             | say certain things? What?
        
               | easton wrote:
               | It's why the discourse stays on point and doesn't devolve
               | into flame wars, or that's the theory, anyway. Pretty
               | much everything has been designed to make people stay
               | friendly.
        
               | viklove wrote:
               | Very Brave New World-esque. Make rules to keep everyone
               | friendly, but meanwhile what you're actually doing is
               | silencing people and making it impossible to have any
               | real discussion.
               | 
               | I better be careful, since I'm only allowed to make 4
               | comments an hour I have to be very selective of the
               | opinions I share.
        
               | jhawk28 wrote:
               | Asking if the user has read the article is an ad-hominem
               | attack. The guidelines are there to encourage good
               | discussion.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | I wish they would come under scrutiny more often--it
               | would mean people are reading them!
               | 
               | Everything on
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html is
               | derived from (a) HN's core value of intellectual
               | curiosity, which is the sole thing we're optimizing for (
               | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&
               | sor...), and (b) well over 10 years of experience
               | operating this place.
               | 
               | Not only that, but they're garbage-collected
               | periodically, meaning that if there's any rule there
               | which isn't 'paying' for the space it consumes on that
               | page, we take it out. It's like a codebase that way:
               | complexity is the enemy, less is more, and deleting is at
               | least as important as adding.
               | 
               | If anyone has a cogent case for deleting one of the
               | guidelines, that would be most helpful. If anyone can
               | think of one that should be added, and can't be derived
               | from what's already there, that would also be helpful.
        
               | viklove wrote:
               | It's very hard to be intellectually curious when I'm only
               | allowed to post 3-4 comments an hour. What if I'm having
               | a conversation with someone? Why am I not allowed to
               | respond?
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | I don't believe anything was said about what you are
               | allowed to think :)
        
       | stunt wrote:
       | Virus coming from a lab is just an effort to not invest against
       | the next pandemic. This wasn't the first pandemic, and it isn't
       | going to be the last one.
        
       | Graffur wrote:
       | Science, like journalism, is supposed to be about facts and about
       | getting to the truth.
       | 
       | No source of covid-19 has been found.
       | 
       | Similar lab leaks happen frequently.
       | 
       | BUT.. you're not allowed to discuss it with the undertones that
       | you're a bad person. If you say china virus you could be accused
       | of being a racist. But if you say South African or British
       | variant it's okay. The mental acrobats are insane. If you suggest
       | people aren't thinking critically about it you will be accused of
       | flamebaiting or trolling. If you call out people who are trying
       | to silence your comments you'll be accused of "making boring
       | reading".
       | 
       | I think it should be discussed, debated and seriously considered.
       | There is a suggestion in here to assume both the animal farm and
       | the lab were the cause and to respond appropriately. With lack of
       | further evidence I think this is the best idea.
        
       | MisterBastahrd wrote:
       | Here's why I dismiss it anyway:
       | 
       | Regardless of what happened inside a lab, or how it got out, it's
       | how we responded to it that ultimately matters. What did we learn
       | from it? How are we prepared to deal with another outbreak in the
       | future? ARE we prepared to deal with another outbreak in the
       | future? If so, how long are we prepared to do so before we let
       | our guards down?
       | 
       | The people who are most interested in where it came from instead
       | of how we handled it are those who are politically motivated to
       | disregard safety in general. They need a boogeyman to deflect
       | blame onto for their ridiculous dereliction of duty.
       | 
       | I refuse to allow them to do so.
        
       | xrd wrote:
       | If there are "so many dangerous terrorists" worthy of trillions
       | of dollars of military spending to protect me (I'm in the US, but
       | all governments invoke terrorism as justification), why aren't
       | those terrorists utilizing viral weapons like this person
       | describes? Is there something that could stop this kind of
       | threat, if it is as real as described?
        
       | sweis wrote:
       | "WHO Points To Wildlife Farms In Southern China As Likely Source
       | Of Pandemic"
       | https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/03/15/9775278...
       | 
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/14/health/WHO-covid-daszak-c...
       | 
       | Historically, SARS-CoV-1 is suspected of being transmitted from
       | bats to civets:
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3291347/
       | 
       | In Feb 2020, China shut down its wildlife farming industry and
       | sent out directions on how to kill and dispose of the animals:
       | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-020-00677-0
       | 
       | http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c30834/202002/c56b129850aa42acb584...
       | 
       | https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/china/article/...
       | 
       | Wildlife farming was a $70B industry that employed around 2% of
       | China's workforce. There was a short-lived ban in 2003 in
       | response to SARS-CoV-1, which was later rescinded.
        
       | whytaka wrote:
       | Regardless of its origin, what I cannot possibly figure out is
       | why China didn't close its own borders while they were putting
       | travel restrictions within.
        
         | JulianRaphael wrote:
         | Think of it from a perspective of game theory and geopolitics.
         | You have an epidemic raging in your country that has led to
         | lockdowns, casualties and severe economic damage. Now you have
         | two options:
         | 
         | 1. Warn the world, lock your borders down, suffer economic
         | damage whilst the rest of the world will prevent your citizens
         | from entering their countries and can prepare for a proper
         | response. Experience a setback on the stage of geopolitics and
         | a loss of soft power.
         | 
         | 2. Don't warn the world, suppress free flow of information,
         | impose internal travel bans to stop the virus from spreading
         | within your country, let your citizens carry the virus to the
         | rest of the world, be the party with asymmetrical information
         | advantage, exploit the situation to further strengthen your
         | position on the global chessboard of geopolitics and expand
         | your soft power.
         | 
         | What people in the West tend to forget is that Chinese
         | strategic thinking is older than most Western civilisations.
         | Chinese rulers study Chinese philosophy deeply, whereas Western
         | rulers have little philosophical education. Chinese rulers
         | think fundamentally different from Western rulers and have
         | asymmetrical information advantage in politics as well: hardly
         | anyone in the West _really_ understands Chinese philosophy as
         | it requires you to learn the language to grasp it fully; but it
         | is easy to understand what motivates Western politics.
         | 
         | This situation reminds me of one of the Thirty-Six Stratagems.
         | 
         | Disturb the water and catch a fish (Hun Shui Mo Yu /Hun Shui Mo
         | Yu )
         | 
         |  _Create confusion and exploit it to further one 's own goals._
        
         | alacombe wrote:
         | Because China first reflex is to deny anything is happening. By
         | the time shit hit the fan, it's too late to do anything.
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | Because that would have impacted trade and commerce.
        
       | hospadar wrote:
       | Like, so what?
       | 
       | Should we care a lot about the safety and security of places
       | where dangerous infectious diseases are studied? sure!
       | 
       | I think we should care A LOT MORE about our [apparent total lack
       | of] ability to quickly deploy effective public health responses
       | to new infectious diseases (regardless of their source).
       | 
       | Maybe it was an accident at a sloppy lab, ok, so labs on the
       | other side of the planet in sovereign countries we do not control
       | might make mistakes. We should get better at responding fast to
       | save lives.
       | 
       | Maybe it was a sinister bio-terrorism plot. We should get better
       | at responding fast to save lives. Bio-terror/warfare plan looks a
       | whole lot like a good public health plan IMO.
       | 
       | Maybe _gasp_ it really was from bats or something. We should get
       | better at responding fast to save lives. This stuff DOES happen.
       | 
       | Maybe s/.*/I don't care where it came from/g. We should get
       | better at responding fast and saving lives (my opinion).
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | _This ^^^_ so very much. Think of it like infosec angle: Yes,
         | it 's interesting to identify and neutralize hostile actors,
         | but the 100% more effective solution is to have defense-in-
         | depth and system resilience in place - because you control
         | that, but you can't control the external actors unless you have
         | a god-complex.
        
           | esja wrote:
           | What sort of defence in depth can work against a virus that's
           | been engineered to infect humans very easily, and which can
           | only be stopped by shutting down the world economy and
           | waiting months or years for vaccination? I think the last
           | year has proven comprehensively that we simply cannot
           | implement any sort of defence in depth and need to try very
           | hard to eliminate these problems at source. Just like we do
           | with chemical and nuclear weapons. We don't wait to clean up
           | the damage afterward, because the damage is so horrendous.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | How about reasonable health insurance without employment
             | requirement?
             | 
             | The defense is NOT to stop the virus (unrealistic defense
             | solution) - it's to make sure we can withstand/resist it so
             | things like vaccines can be put into place so we can go
             | back to some sort of normal (e.g. New Zealand)
             | 
             | The USA (only major western country without healthcare) was
             | unique in how many deaths we had. 90% of those were
             | unnecessary.
        
               | selectodude wrote:
               | USA was not unique and isn't even in the top ten for
               | deaths per capita. Plenty of lockdowns happened in
               | Western Europe and yet Portugal, UK, Belgium and Italy
               | all had higher rates than the US.
        
               | esja wrote:
               | Many European countries have better health insurance and
               | higher deaths per capita than the USA. They also had
               | severe lockdowns, and are now entering a third wave while
               | being way behind the USA on the vaccine rollout.
        
         | hsitz wrote:
         | Yes, exactly. I would add, though, that the "Wuhan lab leak
         | theory", in many people's minds, seems to be combined with a
         | suspected intentional act by the Chinese government, to unleash
         | a dangerous virus on the rest of the world. I think we should
         | dismiss that part of the theory (it's of course not impossible,
         | just not likely, mostly fun fodder for conspiracy nuts). But as
         | far as infectious disease labs all across the world being
         | dangerous places that need strict safety and security measures,
         | duh, yes.
        
           | danudey wrote:
           | Let's also add in that the "Wuhan lab leak theory", combined
           | with the "China virus" nomenclature, has resulted in huge
           | increases in racist and white supremacist violence against
           | people of Asian descent.
        
             | tryonenow wrote:
             | Then the solution is to teach people not to mistake Chinese
             | people for the CCP, not to police language. And this
             | narrative of "white supremacist" violence is a concoction
             | by the media. Whatever increase that can't be accounted for
             | by increased reporting is most likely not coming from the
             | white supremacists or even the white demographic. It's an
             | increase in inner city tensions that have been around for
             | decades. And the people predominantly committing these acts
             | (and I assure you statistics point to a single demographic
             | in particular) are probably not the type to follow Trump's
             | speeches.
        
             | enchiridion wrote:
             | It's infuriating. I'm not sure what the solution is though.
             | We can just not talk about the very real lab leak
             | hypothesis because some people are dangerously unstable.
        
               | weaksauce wrote:
               | you can just call it covid-19 instead of the _insert
               | racist nickname_ here for it and then discuss where the
               | origin it may be from. those two things are not mutually
               | exclusive. hell, the spanish flu is generally not thought
               | to be originated in spain but they were the only ones
               | talking about because the other countries had a gag on
               | discussing it.
        
               | enchiridion wrote:
               | Maybe. Based on the circumstantial evidence and the lack
               | of viable competing hypotheses, I firmly believe that it
               | escaped from the Wuhan lab.
               | 
               | What does an unstable person do with that info? It seems
               | like calling it the "Chinese virus" is relatively benign
               | by comparison.
               | 
               | Does censoring do anything here?
        
               | caeril wrote:
               | You could even go back another step and recognize that
               | the person you're replying to has made completely
               | unsubstantiated and fabricated claims about:
               | 
               | 1. An increase in violence targeted specifically at Asian
               | people that is in excess of the already-documented rise
               | of violence _in general_ experienced across all groups in
               | 2020.
               | 
               | 2. An attribution that this imaginary excess violence is
               | "white supremacist" in nature and intent.
               | 
               | 3. A direct causal connection between this imaginary and
               | poorly-attributed violence stemming specifically from the
               | origin of the virus.
               | 
               | It's easier to defend freedom to hypothesize when you
               | realize that the people advocating against said freedom
               | are, themselves, simply making shit up.
        
               | DanBC wrote:
               | Weird that you talk about "making shit up" when your post
               | contains no cites.
        
             | Stupulous wrote:
             | There were 49 incidents of anti-Asian hate crime in 2019
             | and 122 in 2020. I get that those numbers should be zero.
             | But am I way out of line in saying that something that
             | affects ~.00006% of Asian-Americans, and makes up ~1.6% of
             | total hate crimes, should have no bearing on how we
             | approach this subject?
             | 
             | My genuine apologies if I am crossing a line. I know this
             | is a potentially touchy subject. Hate crime is serious and
             | has many negative externalities that other crimes and
             | accidents don't carry. They have also been on the rise, and
             | could continue to grow more significant. It just feels very
             | strange to me that 70 additional crimes in a year that saw
             | thousands of additional murders has been such a common
             | talking point for months now.
        
             | polartx wrote:
             | The public must not be trusted to discuss x, y, or z for
             | fear of what the racist white supremacists might do!
        
               | esja wrote:
               | For some reason though it's okay to refer to the "British
               | variant", or the "South African variant", or the
               | "Brazilian variant".
        
         | 3327 wrote:
         | Maybe if it wasn't CONCEALED by the government in the country
         | of origin, our lives would be different now.
         | 
         | Talk about that will you?
        
           | Pyramus wrote:
           | > our lives would be different now.
           | 
           | How? Following your line of reasoning, it makes the US
           | response look even worse. No enemy of the US would have
           | imagined that US citizens will turn wearing a mask into a
           | political statement. Before the pandemic, the US was rated #1
           | in epidemic preparedness. No one had imagined that it will
           | become societal consensus to sacrifice 500k American lives.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | We had 1.5 months [1][2][3] of clear warning that this is a
           | serious epidemic.
           | 
           | When China locks 35 million people in their homes, and this
           | makes the New York Times, and we don't do _anything_ to
           | respond for another month, and we don 't do anything
           | _meaningful_ for a month and half... What we have is a
           | domestic, not a foreign problem.
           | 
           | These articles made the news on January 8th, January 23rd,
           | and February 7th. The first travel ban, that only covered
           | China was on... January 30th. The first travel ban on Europe
           | was on March 11th (At this point, Europe had ten times the
           | active COVID cases that China did at the end of January. Why
           | did we wait so long to stop travel from it?)
           | 
           | The first state lockdown was in New York State, on March
           | 22nd.
           | 
           | Exactly how much advance warning did we need to deal with
           | this pandemic? Three months? Three years? Do you think that a
           | president who would constantly deny reality, to the point of
           | claiming that there would be zero cases in the US by April
           | would have handled this crisis any better, regardless of how
           | much lead time he was given?
           | 
           | I'll also eat my shoe if the CIA and/or the NSA weren't at
           | least as aware as the NYT of the seriousness of the situation
           | in China (It can't be hard, my co-workers with relatives in
           | China were all aware of it from, you know, talking to folks
           | back phone. On the phone.) And if they weren't - why on Earth
           | are we wasting billions of dollars on their cloak-and-dagger
           | budgets, when I can get a better take on current events by
           | having lunch with my team?
           | 
           | [1] https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/08/health/china-
           | pneumonia-ou...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/23/world/asia/china-
           | coronavi...
           | 
           | [3] https://time.com/5779678/li-wenliang-coronavirus-china-
           | docto....
        
             | chiefalchemist wrote:
             | Let's go back even further. There was a respiratory
             | pandemic a few years ago. Perhaps not as deadly but still a
             | pandemic. That resulted in no N95 or PPE stockpile. We knew
             | we dodged a bullet yet no prep for next time?
        
         | esja wrote:
         | Would you write the same response about chemical or nuclear
         | weapons research? I hope not.
         | 
         | Yet we've just spent the last year proving that biological
         | warfare will be potentially more deadly than chemical or even
         | nuclear warfare.
         | 
         | Decades ago we banned research into those other weapons and
         | implemented international treaties and inspection regimes.
         | 
         | Even the _possibility_ that this could have been a lab leak
         | should scare the whole world and motivate a massive reform of
         | these labs and the experiments people are conducting.
         | 
         | I hope the people in power don't share your complacency.
        
         | read_if_gay_ wrote:
         | > We should get better at responding fast and saving lives
         | 
         | If the whole pandemic could've been avoided, that's part of
         | getting better at this.
        
         | dvt wrote:
         | > We should get better at responding fast and saving lives (my
         | opinion).
         | 
         | I think you're wrestling with a strawman here, no one's arguing
         | the inverse. But in any investigation (arson, murder, etc.) the
         | details _do_ matter -- where, how, what weapon, when, and so
         | on.
        
           | michaelbuckbee wrote:
           | Respectfully, there is still a sizeable contingent of the US
           | population that thinks that the pandemic is "no worse than
           | the annual flu" and that efforts to combat the pandemic are
           | at best a wild over-reaction and at worst some kind of
           | sinister plot by the government.
        
             | dvt wrote:
             | > Respectfully, there is still a sizeable contingent of the
             | US population that thinks that the pandemic is "no worse
             | than the annual flu" and that efforts to combat the
             | pandemic are at best a wild over-reaction and at worst some
             | kind of sinister plot by the government.
             | 
             | Respectfully, this just simply isn't supported by the data
             | and the dozens upon dozens of polls available[1]. Sure,
             | there's a bunch of QAnon weirdos out there or staunch Alex
             | Jones acolytes, but most regular folks have been taking it
             | more or less seriously: social distancing and mask-wearing
             | has been almost universally adopted. Last year in April and
             | May, the percentage of people that "weren't worried" about
             | Covid-19 was in the _single digits_. And there is some
             | mistrust out there, but it 's been well-earned: 15 days to
             | flatten the curve has turned into 365 days of economic and
             | social limbo.
             | 
             | [1] https://news.gallup.com/poll/308222/coronavirus-
             | pandemic.asp...
        
             | tryonenow wrote:
             | The data clearly demonstrates at this point that the virus
             | is indeed comparable to the flu, except with higher R
             | value. This is also an implied strawman, that sizable
             | contingent that you are alluding to is questioning whether
             | the price of the lockdowns, and continued lockdowns, and
             | approach to lockdowns, are worth the mitigation.
             | 
             | Clearly the virus is only a major issue for elderly and
             | infirm patients, where the vast majority of people under
             | the age of 30-40 present mildly or asymptomatically. And if
             | that's indeed the case, then perhaps forcing the entire
             | population to shelter in place for more than a year makes
             | less sense than, say, recommending protective measures
             | primarily for the vulnerable.
        
         | jariel wrote:
         | Both things matter a lot.
         | 
         | In particular, if true that it 'leaked' ... it's not like other
         | nations are leaking pathogens which kill millions and cause 5
         | Trillion in destruction. It would literally change the
         | geostrategic equation overnight and be seminal, defining world
         | event certainly bigger than 9/11. On the scale of a WW.
         | 
         | If it was quasi-intentional (this is definitely not true, but
         | since you speculated...) then it would be an act of war and the
         | most damaging attack on the US (and other nations) ever. The US
         | and the world would have to go to war with China over this.
         | (Again this surely is not the case).
         | 
         | All while the US/EU/Rest of Word 'get better' at the above.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > I think we should care A LOT MORE about our [apparent total
         | lack of] ability to quickly deploy effective public health
         | responses to new infectious diseases (regardless of their
         | source).
         | 
         | Then we shouldn't be doing _gain of function_ research on the
         | types of viruses that can cause these outbreaks.
         | 
         | > Maybe it was an accident at a sloppy lab, ok, so labs on the
         | other side of the planet in sovereign countries we do not
         | control might make mistakes. We should get better at responding
         | fast to save lives.
         | 
         | What's the cost-benefit analysis for running the lab in the
         | first place? Was any of it's research used in producing the
         | vaccine? If it's all about saving lives, can't we be mad at
         | both the lacking response and the laboratory at the same time?
         | 
         | > I don't care where it came from [...] We should get better at
         | responding fast and saving lives (my opinion).
         | 
         | Those two goals seem in conflict with each other. Good offense
         | is something we should aspire too.. but that doesn't mean we
         | should entirely ignore defense as well.
        
           | Pyramus wrote:
           | I agree with parent's point to focus on defence, because a)
           | defence is where the US leadership, but arguably also large
           | parts of society, horribly failed and b) defence lies within
           | your locus of control.
           | 
           | Before the pandemic, the US was actually rated #1 for endemic
           | preparedness. No one had imagined that wearing a piece of
           | cloth to protect others would become a political statement.
           | No one was dreaming of the loss of half a million (!)
           | American lives being remotely acceptable.
           | 
           | I would even go so far as to argue that from a psychological
           | perspective the situation is similar to losing a war. US
           | society will have to come to terms with what happened and how
           | to prevent it in the future, and that's at the heart of
           | parent's post.
        
           | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
           | > we shouldn't be doing _gain of function_ research on the
           | types of viruses that can cause these outbreaks.
           | 
           | Why not? Seriously, this is the "let's just stop developing
           | nukes" argument... someone will and whether we're prepared or
           | not is on us.
        
             | throwawaysea wrote:
             | For one, the US banned such research and specifically for
             | SARS: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/10/17/
             | doing-d...
             | 
             | We should also remember that there were past lab leaks in
             | China of SARS, including ones that led to smaller outbreaks
             | and deaths: https://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20040423/china-
             | sars-death
        
             | jonny_eh wrote:
             | > Why not?
             | 
             | It's not worth the risk.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | Yes, but getting better at dealing with infectious diseases
         | that we had ~1.5 months of advance warning for doesn't score
         | political points among the base. The base does not like most of
         | the machinery that is required to 'get better' at epidemic
         | control.
         | 
         | If your goal is not good governance, but getting re-elected by
         | your base, that is not something you need to optimize for.
        
         | zozin wrote:
         | Maybe, just maybe you can care about two things at the same
         | time? Maybe, just maybe, a Wuhan lab leak was concealed by the
         | Chinese gov't to save face, thus shrinking the amount of time
         | we had to respond fast in order to save lives?
        
           | danudey wrote:
           | Western nations had plenty of time to react, relatively
           | speaking. The US was hit especially hard, though, by policies
           | which dismantled the government's ability to handle this sort
           | of event, the discarding of a practiced playbook for
           | responding to this sort of event, and government and right-
           | wing lies and conspiracy theories.
           | 
           | Given that the US government's response was basically to do
           | nothing until it was too late, and then to do nothing except
           | hinder the states' abilities to respond, it's hard to imagine
           | that an extra six months' time would have made any
           | difference, other than giving them six more months to
           | downplay and dismiss the problem.
           | 
           | So yeah, we can care about whether the Chinese government was
           | trying to save face, but in the end does it _matter_ whether
           | that 's the case or not? The only thing we can change is our
           | own countries' responses to pandemics like this.
        
             | selectodude wrote:
             | The virus was ripping roughshod through Northern Italy and
             | New York City in January. It's nothing but an anecdotal
             | data point but my friend had a suspicious cough in the
             | middle of February and I tested positive for antibodies in
             | May.
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | Worrying about where it came from is misdirection to distract
         | us from the real issue that you pointed out: That nearly all
         | countries totally failed to effectively deal with it and
         | contain the spread, resulting in a body count that should be
         | totally unacceptable. We got extraordinarily lucky that it
         | _wasn 't_ super deadly. Imagine if the next COVID is 20X
         | deadlier and hits uniformly across age ranges. We're doomed if
         | we take the approach we took this time around.
        
           | mc32 wrote:
           | And maybe people should not have dismissed it as a crockpot
           | idea that should be dismissed out or hand and had Twitter
           | suspensions over mentioning it.
           | 
           | And maybe if it was a leak and the world had been warned of
           | the dangers then they would have locked down movement to and
           | from the origin before it began to spread internationally.
        
             | esja wrote:
             | The way China responded to the leak, I don't think they
             | felt it was a crackpot idea. Quite the reverse.
        
             | tryonenow wrote:
             | An excellent case against twitter's "fact checking" and
             | censorship. They are not experts, and as this whole debacle
             | proves, experts are fallible too, and it is not twitter's
             | place to determine and censor dissent from consensus.
        
           | enchiridion wrote:
           | Yes and no. The response would have been far greater if the
           | virus was more deadly. This virus was not that deadly
           | (relatively), so ended up getting half measures.
        
           | tryonenow wrote:
           | I imagine if it were deadlier, people would have been more
           | incentivised to deal with it. Bodies piling up on the streets
           | is a much better motivator for staying inside and socially
           | distancing than news reports of regional hospitals being
           | gradually overwhelmed by a predominantly mild or asymptomatic
           | virus.
           | 
           | The fact is that even ignoring government response, all of
           | our medical institutions seemed to presume that this was yet
           | another [avian, swine, bird, ...] flu outbreak and it would
           | be about as minimally impactful for the west as the rest have
           | been. Which indicates that doctors and hospital
           | administration were either not reading the literature coming
           | out of China as early as last january 2020, or they simply
           | disregarded it as sensationalist and/or sloppy. And, to be
           | fair, given the state of crisis that our research
           | institutions are in globally, I can't entirely blame them,
           | though I still think it was irresponsible that no one seemed
           | to make any preparations for months after the outbreak was
           | apparent. It's as if everyone sat on their hands waiting for
           | the government to tell them it was serious.
        
             | waheoo wrote:
             | Medical professionals are commonly wildly uninformed about
             | recent research. Most GPs don't keep up on new research
             | decades old let alone cutting edge research out of lancet.
        
           | nexus2045 wrote:
           | Especially considering Contagion was filmed close to 10 years
           | ago...
        
           | dfee wrote:
           | This reads like "we shouldn't worry about the cause, only the
           | effect". As in, I'm unable to see another interpretation of
           | your remark.
           | 
           | No! We should worry about the cause _and also_ concern
           | ourselves with managing the effect.
           | 
           | If we can prevent this, we should try. And, if our (American)
           | politicians can be held to account for mishandling the
           | situation, the WHO and China should be scrutinized on the
           | international stage.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tkinom wrote:
         | If it is indeed "sloppy lab" leak the virus and we don't care,
         | it will happen again.
        
           | onethought wrote:
           | As has been pointed out, it will happen again no matter what.
           | The vectors of deadly disease occurring are huge. The
           | response is the piece we can properly control.
        
             | esja wrote:
             | If it is shown that this occurred because scientists took a
             | virus and made it much more infectious to humans, banning
             | that sort of research would mitigate a lot of the risk.
        
               | Jcowell wrote:
               | Would it ? I mean it's the same for nuclear. You can try
               | to Ban it but someone will eventually get it. The
               | difference here is that Nuclear Weapons aren't formed in
               | nature will virus can be.
        
               | esja wrote:
               | Viruses may be formed in nature, but we've been dealing
               | with that for all of our evolutionary history. Gain of
               | function experiments are new and introduce much greater
               | dangers.
        
         | throwawaysea wrote:
         | We should care about it because it will help prevent the next
         | outbreak. Not only that, we should hold the CCP accountable on
         | suppressing reports of COVID-19 early on, which delayed the
         | world's understanding/preparation/response. Furthermore, China
         | should have shut down all their ports much earlier. Take a look
         | at https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/blogs/Whathappensif/how
         | ..., an article titled "How China locked down internally for
         | COVID-19, but pushed foreign travel"
        
         | pasquinelli wrote:
         | cool. i agree, we need to git gud at public health. that
         | notwithstanding, we should also know if this virus was made or
         | not, if we can know, because if it was, that needs to be
         | addressed from a public health policy perspective. imho, natch.
        
         | CoryAlexMartin wrote:
         | Knowing the environment in which the virus developed can help
         | us better understand it, which will strengthen our ability to
         | appropriately respond to it, now and in the future.
         | 
         | You _should_ care about knowing where it came from if you want
         | to save lives.
        
         | burntoutfire wrote:
         | > Like, so what?
         | 
         | Compensation for damage inflicted, for one thing? If a country
         | is inept at handling deadly viruses, tries to handle them
         | anyway and in result causes millions of deaths and trillions of
         | dollars worth of financial loss, they should be liable for the
         | damage they've done?
        
         | helloedward wrote:
         | Hey man, you are supremely arrogant. No one is advocating that
         | we loosen global pandemic preparedness, you can stop gasping.
         | People talk about lab leak for a litany of reasons, but you are
         | just grandstanding and straw-manning an argument no one is
         | making. I can't stand you.
        
       | sunstone wrote:
       | The thing that really lends credibility to this theory is that
       | nation states have been suspicious of this from the first few
       | months. These are not ding bat facebook groups but countries that
       | have a fair amount at stake by voicing these concerns and yet
       | they still brought it up. I'm 7/10 that the lab leak theory has
       | legs.
        
       | waynesonfire wrote:
       | This is definitely not my area of expertise but:
       | 
       | role of furin cleavage site in covid:
       | 
       | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-020-0184-0
       | 
       | "In fact, no influenza virus with a furin cleavage site has ever
       | been found in nature,"
       | 
       | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7435492/
       | 
       | Where did this mutation come from?
        
         | bugzz wrote:
         | It's never been found in an influenza virus in nature, but
         | covid isn't an influenza virus. Is this never found in
         | coronaviruses in nature?
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | From that second link:
           | 
           | > Although they only emerge under artificial conditions in
           | influenza viruses, these furin cleavage sites are found
           | within several branches of the coronavirus family tree.
           | However SARS-CoV-2 is the only lineage B coronavirus found
           | with one, and the only other coronaviruses known to have them
           | are only at most 60% identical to this novel coronavirus.
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | I'm not waynesonfire, but seriously, what is up with people
             | making deliberately misleading claims (e.g. highlighting it
             | is not found in influenza viruses, even though covid virus
             | is not influenza), and then providing a link _that
             | specifically debunks the implication they are trying to
             | make_.
             | 
             | It's like people just depend on nobody following the links
             | they post.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | " _Please respond to the strongest plausible
               | interpretation of what someone says, not a weaker one
               | that 's easier to criticize. Assume good faith._"
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
               | stonogo wrote:
               | Hi dang,
               | 
               | I am curious to know if this guideline applies only when
               | responding to HN comments, or if it should be applied to
               | source material in article links as well. I've noticed a
               | lot more conspiracy-theorizing comments lately and it's
               | hard to engage when the whole premise of a given comment
               | is accusing someone else of misrepresenting facts.
               | 
               | Thanks for all your hard work, regardless!
        
               | koheripbal wrote:
               | I'm not Dang, but I think it's a generally good life
               | lesson that should apply always.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | It totally applies to the articles too. That wasn't in my
               | mind when we introduced that guideline but it turns out
               | to apply just as much at that level.
        
               | ekianjo wrote:
               | > However SARS-CoV-2 is the only lineage B coronavirus
               | found with one
               | 
               | It's unusual even for coronavirus.
        
               | sudosysgen wrote:
               | Do you expect it to be unusual for coronaviruses that
               | manage to cause a pandemic? Even if it is rare, as long
               | as it is not unique, those priors are unbalanced.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | It's really only unusual for lineage B coronaviruses:
               | 
               | > Although they only emerge under artificial conditions
               | in influenza viruses, these furin cleavage sites are
               | found within several branches of the coronavirus family
               | tree.
               | 
               | Even the original quote, "In fact, no influenza virus
               | with a furin cleavage site has ever been found in nature"
               | leaves out something important:
               | 
               | > the fact remains that every highly pathogenic avian
               | influenza virus, defined by having a furin cleavage site,
               | has either been found on commercial poultry farms that
               | create the pseudo-natural conditions necessary for serial
               | passage, or created in laboratories with gain-of-function
               | serial passage experiments.
               | 
               | That is, the authors are defining "in nature" not to
               | include commercial poultry farms.
        
           | wahern wrote:
           | "Furin cleavage sites naturally occur in coronaviruses", http
           | s://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187350612...
        
       | StringyBob wrote:
       | The Times newspaper (UK) has also some pretty good investigative
       | coverage with a well-produced podcast episode covering Covid
       | origins -
       | https://play.acast.com/s/storiesofourtimes/failuresofstate-t...
        
       | conspiritards wrote:
       | The absolute state of this thread, it's full of conspiracy theory
       | retards.
       | 
       | Sort yourselves out, "hackers".
        
       | duxup wrote:
       | I wouldn't dismiss it.
       | 
       | I just haven't seen any evidence of it that I think 'proves' it.
        
         | roywiggins wrote:
         | Serious coronaviruses have jumped into people like, twice in
         | the last 20 years entirely naturally[0], and so many more
         | people have contact with animals outside of labs than within
         | labs (orders of magnitude!), that it seems much more likely
         | that SARS-CoV-2 jumped the same way than any lab-leak idea.
         | Like, it's physically possible, and it would be important to
         | know if that's what happened- people shouldn't dismiss it!- but
         | I don't know how much it should be entertained as a real
         | likelihood.
         | 
         | [0] natural insofar as humans intruding onto wildlife is
         | natural
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | sudosysgen wrote:
           | Serious cornaviruses jumped into people probably dozens of
           | times in the last 20 years, and caused 3 epidemics, not two.
        
             | roywiggins wrote:
             | I meant to say two times other than Sars-CoV-2 (SARS and
             | MERS).
        
         | koheripbal wrote:
         | Well it doesn't help that they've blocked the investigation.
        
         | wrnr wrote:
         | The link between the Wuhan lab and the virus is circumstantial,
         | sure it's strange the virus shows up in a city with the only
         | level 4 biolab in China where they research corona viruses, but
         | only if the virus did originate from Wuhan. I don't think we
         | know all the corona viruses in the wild and who was patient
         | zero was.
        
       | tantalor wrote:
       | Easy answer: it's impossible to prove a negative.
       | 
       | In this case, that the lab was _not_ responsible.
        
         | bootlooped wrote:
         | How do we prove that accused people are not guilty of crimes
         | then?
        
           | stonogo wrote:
           | In the US courts system, we do not. People are presumed
           | innocent, and the burden of proof is on the prosecution.
        
             | bootlooped wrote:
             | True. Maybe it was a poor analogy.
             | 
             | In a bizarre world where you were presumed guilty, could
             | you do anything? If you submitted evidence that you were on
             | another continent at the time of the crime, doesn't that
             | prove you didn't do it? (Assuming the crime is something
             | you must be physically present to do)
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | We may find proof of a zoonotic origin away from the lab.
        
         | Delk wrote:
         | You can't prove it, but apparently you can try to find evidence
         | to see if it seems likely:
         | 
         | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200317175442.h...
        
           | tantalor wrote:
           | It can be both! The lab could have mishandled a natural
           | specimen, causing first human infection.
        
       | Simulacra wrote:
       | I think it's possible the virus leaked from a lab in China, but
       | it's also possible it was transmitted in the wild a la "wet
       | markets". Either way, regrettably due to Chinese propaganda and
       | tight controls on speech and the press, it is highly unlikely the
       | world will get an open and honest investigation from the Chinese
       | government. The PRC simply cannot be trusted, which sadly has
       | added immense fuel to all conspiracy theories involving that
       | nation.
       | 
       | I think the Wuhan/COVID/Coronavirus can be compared to the Soviet
       | government's response to Chernobyl. Great efforts were made to
       | keep a lid on that disaster from the people, and the world, until
       | it was too great to ignore. Granted, a long time ago, but it's an
       | example of what a totalitarian government (like China) might do
       | in the face of such catastrophe.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | My own idea is a combination of the two. I wonder if it leaked
         | out of the lab by a lab employee trying to make some money on
         | the side by selling lab animals to the wet market. (Note well:
         | This is just my "seems kind of plausible" guess. I have no
         | actual evidence to support it. And no, it's not actually "my
         | own" idea - I heard it suggested by someone, who also had no
         | evidence that I recall.)
        
           | PicassoCTs wrote:
           | Ban Hun Dan  So you say, it was the janitor, with dead lab
           | animals, in the wet market, making some surplus money?
           | 
           | I assumed it was the gardener, in the dining room, with the
           | hatchet..
           | 
           | Its almost as if the whole human species could not be trusted
           | with dangerous tools and regularly drops the ball.
           | 
           | These wet-market are such a medieval relic and all just
           | because of superstitious nonsense about refrigerated food
           | being bad for your chi.
           | 
           | Homeopathy, TMC and how those shamanistic practices are all
           | called wherever by whomever kill. 2.7 million so far...
           | 
           | Even worser, when you think about all those other "tech"
           | miracles enlightenment zealots insist humanity can be
           | entrusted. We blow a nuclear power plant every ten years,
           | drop the vials like they are hot, but hey more power into
           | each pocket.
           | 
           | Cant wait for the first long-range flying car, getting hacked
           | and used in a remote attack. That surely will be the day,
           | someone will admit that tech is limited,not by what can be
           | done, but by who gets to wield it.
           | 
           | Makes one wonder though, that day i entrusted that vital
           | system for millions, to that upstream repo.. was i the
           | janitor that day..
        
           | michaelmrose wrote:
           | This is an extremely poor theory formulated by blindly
           | speculating and then skipping the step where one gathers
           | evidence for or against or even considers whether the idea
           | even makes sense in theory.
           | 
           | Nobody would sell lab animals from a virology lab to markets
           | to eat. The consequences are obvious, animals would be
           | accounted for, the risk would be extremely high to the
           | persons future, and the profits small.
           | 
           | It's the kind of ideas you find on racist conspiracy theory
           | blogs and you shouldn't share it here.
        
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