[HN Gopher] Justice Department Investigating Visa over Debit-Car...
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       Justice Department Investigating Visa over Debit-Card Practices
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 61 points
       Date   : 2021-03-19 16:37 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wsj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wsj.com)
        
       | endisneigh wrote:
       | I'm curious, are there any countries that just nationalize debit
       | cards? I understand the value-add of these companies for _credit_
       | cards, but I 'm not familiar with the industry.
       | 
       | Couldn't the US Government just give everyone a Treasury Debit
       | Card or equivalent? This is totally out of my domain but I've
       | always been curious about this.
       | 
       | Even more so recently since the Senate has begun hearings on
       | digitizing the dollar
       | (https://www.banking.senate.gov/hearings/the-digitization-of-...)
        
         | boublepop wrote:
         | In Denmark, you rarely ever ser a pure Visa card, it's almost
         | always a "visa/dankort" where the second part is the danish
         | national debit card. It's just a natural part of the cards and
         | most refer to all credit/debit cards a "dankort".
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | > Couldn't the US Government just give everyone a Treasury
         | Debit Card or equivalent?
         | 
         | Absolutely.
         | 
         | https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/357...
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25262480
         | 
         | https://greatdemocracyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2018...
        
       | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
       | To my knowledge, the US doesn't yet have a central widespread
       | instant-payment infrastructure (compared to the UK's Faster
       | Payments[0]). The US Federal Reserve is working on FedNow[1], but
       | that's not going to be released until 2023.
       | 
       | In the meantime, there are all number of financial-industry
       | groups including the US Faster Payments Council[7] and The
       | Clearing House[8]. Some are just industry groups, while others
       | have actual systems in place.
       | 
       | All of this has, in my opinion, led to a lot of fragmentation on
       | the front-end. The only instant-payment platform I know of that
       | is bank-endorsed is Zelle[4], owned by Early Warning Services[5],
       | which is better known for their pseudo-credit reporting agency
       | (that focuses on bank accounts instead of credit cards and
       | loans[6]). You've also got a ton of third-party apps filling the
       | space in the US, including Cash App[2] and Venmo[3].
       | 
       | Within all of this, VISA is in an interesting position, as I
       | discovered when I--a credit union member--set up Zelle. When an
       | institution is a member of Zelle, you tell you institution that
       | you want to associate your phone number/email address with Zelle;
       | the bank then does the rest of the work.
       | 
       | As my credit union isn't a member of Zelle, I had to use their
       | app to set up an account. After confirming that I don't have an
       | account at a member bank, Zelle asked for my debit card
       | information. Using that, I have been able to both send _and
       | receive_ money instantly. I confirmed this when I received money,
       | and saw it appear in my bank account within an hour of getting
       | the Zelle notification.
       | 
       | This is a power that I didn't know my debit card possesses. And
       | it's why I think this investigation is important. I want to be
       | able to move around smaller amounts of money without incurring
       | fees, because that will hit hardest on those who can't afford it.
       | 
       | [0]: https://www.fasterpayments.org.uk
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.frbservices.org/financial-
       | services/fednow/index....
       | 
       | [2]: https://cash.app
       | 
       | [3]: https://venmo.com
       | 
       | [4]: https://www.zellepay.com
       | 
       | [5]: https://www.earlywarning.com
       | 
       | [6]: https://checkingexpert.com/what-is-early-warning-services/
       | 
       | [7]: https://fasterpaymentscouncil.org
       | 
       | [8]: https://www.theclearinghouse.org/payment-systems/rtp
        
         | quesera wrote:
         | > To my knowledge, the US doesn't yet have a central widespread
         | instant-payment infrastructure
         | 
         | I don't know how it compares to Faster Payments, but Visa has
         | Visa Direct[0], and Mastercard has Mastercard Send[1].
         | Collectively "OCT", Original Credit Transaction, a/k/a Push-to-
         | Debit.
         | 
         | [0] https://developer.visa.com/capabilities/visa_direct
         | 
         | [1] https://www.mastercard.us/content/mccom-admin/faq-
         | category-a...
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | Faster Payments integrates directly with banks, rather than
           | card processors.
           | 
           | It replaces (for transfers under PS250k) the older electronic
           | transfer system, BACS.
           | 
           | Otherwise, it looks similar, although Visa/MC is an
           | additional middleman compared to Faster Payments, which is
           | just between the banks.
        
       | toomuchtodo wrote:
       | Long overdue, but to be effective going forward, legislation
       | regulating interchange fees is going to be required (as Europe
       | does [1]), even with the Fed rolling out instant payments in 2023
       | (as mentioned by CaliforniaKarl in a sibling comment).
       | 
       | Tangentially, I'm sure Visa is very concerned (indicated by their
       | CEO's comments about buying Plaid) that instant payments is going
       | to drive down their payment revenue (considering the UX possible
       | with instant payments, such as QR codes for C2C and B2C
       | transactions a la Alipay and Wechat Pay in China). The payments
       | revenue pie is of course going to shrink when the Fed offers
       | instant payments inexpensively (yes, yes, I know there's FedWire,
       | but instant payments is going to eat money orders, cashiers
       | checks, traditional checks, and everything else being used as a
       | shim due to ACH being old and busted).
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://ec.europa.eu/competition/publications/factsheet_inte...
       | (Warning: PDF)
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | I would prefer to allow merchants to add a card handling fee.
         | 
         | If some store said "That'll be an extra $3 for MasterCard or $2
         | for Visa", I would quickly switch to whichever was cheapest,
         | and card issuers would quickly work to offer very low rates so
         | customers don't go back to cash.
         | 
         | If you make laws about the interchange rate, then rather than
         | competing, all businesses will just charge exactly the maximum
         | mandated rate.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | Merchants are already allowed to charge a card processing
           | fee, and no one is competing on the interchange fee.
           | Therefore, regulation is required.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | Merchants are forced to sign a contract with their card
             | processor agreeing not to charge a 'convienience fee' for
             | payments by card.
             | 
             | Such agreements that effectively increase prices for cash
             | payments ought to be found anti-competitive.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | In the US, merchants can and do charge a surcharge for
               | using a credit card. The court case allowing this is
               | referenced below.
               | 
               | https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/16pdf/15-1391_g31i.
               | pdf
        
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       (page generated 2021-03-19 23:03 UTC)