[HN Gopher] Adobe Photoshop ships on Macs with Apple Silicon
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Adobe Photoshop ships on Macs with Apple Silicon
        
       Author : jbverschoor
       Score  : 274 points
       Date   : 2021-03-12 09:45 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.adobe.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.adobe.com)
        
       | shortstuffsushi wrote:
       | Did anyone else read this as "Adobe Photoshop comes preloaded on
       | Macs with Apple Silicon?" If I recall correctly, this was the
       | case 15 (?) years back, I thought perhaps as a marketing gimmick,
       | they were trying it again. Seems it would be a benefit to both of
       | them - Apple can sell more hardware and Adobe can try to drive
       | more people to purchase subscriptions with their app preloaded.
        
         | marshmallow_12 wrote:
         | i hate these preloaded bloatwares that come on your computers.
         | they don't even work and only exist to remind you to give them
         | money, in order to unlock features you didn't know you needed.
        
           | 14 wrote:
           | This was my thought as well since I thought photoshop went
           | way of the subscription. Effectively bloatware some customers
           | will have to mess around to delete. But that is where my
           | complaining ends as someone who runs windows 10 sigh
        
         | galago wrote:
         | There was a time when Apple was shipping dual-processor G4s,
         | but Mac OS 9, in general, could only use one processor. There
         | was a system extension that allowed Photoshop to use both. A
         | co-worker of mine had one, and it was very much a system used
         | for running Photoshop. At that time OS X was considered too
         | slow for professional work. So bundling made a lot of sense.
        
         | tsieling wrote:
         | That's exactly how I read it and my immediate reaction was
         | 'hard no'. Glad it was a misread because bad things lie down
         | that path.
        
         | e-clinton wrote:
         | That's exactly how I read it. My minds was blown for a sec.
        
         | racl101 wrote:
         | Yeah, I read the same thing too.
        
         | nodesocket wrote:
         | I was like, oh sweet I can cancel my insanely expensive Adobe
         | creative cloud monthly subscription when I buy the new 16" M1.
         | Nope, to good to be true.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | leoc wrote:
         | > If I recall correctly, this was the case 15 (?) years back
         | 
         | I don't know for sure that it never happened, but I don't
         | _think_ it ever did, partly because Apple and Adobe were not
         | particularly friendly around that time:
         | https://arstechnica.com/staff/2008/04/rhapsody-and-blues/ .
        
           | cratermoon wrote:
           | > Apple and Adobe were not particularly friendly
           | 
           | Which is hilarious, because you could make a good case that
           | neither would still exist today without the other. I'd
           | qualify that by saying Adobe products work find on Microsoft
           | operating systems now, but without the Mac years I'm not sure
           | the Windows port would have ever caught on.
        
           | robbyking wrote:
           | Completely off topic, but I love stumbling upon old articles
           | by John Siracusa.
        
         | sergeykish wrote:
         | I've red as "Adobe Photoshop ships on _Mars_ with Apple Silicon
         | "
        
           | marshmallow_12 wrote:
           | i did read that the mars rover uses Apple processors. It's
           | good to know that it can also send funny pictures back to
           | Earth, now.
        
           | ant6n wrote:
           | Albedo Photodrop-ships on Mars with Apple-Silicon.
        
           | FriendlyNormie wrote:
           | I read your comment as "I'm a redditor and I need to delete
           | my HN account"
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | Finally! We live in a networked world now. These regional
           | publishing restrictions have to go!
        
         | Solocomplex wrote:
         | It would imply the built in photo editor isn't good enough for
         | most users.
        
         | johnklos wrote:
         | Yes. "ships for" would obviously be more correct than "ships
         | on".
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | Yes, it should read " _for_ Macs with"
        
         | 1f60c wrote:
         | You're not alone. "Adobe has finished porting most of Photoshop
         | to Apple M1" would have been unambiguous.
        
           | codq wrote:
           | 'porting' is a relatively insider term.
           | 
           | "Adobe Photoshop arrives on Macs with Apple Silicon" might be
           | how I'd phrase it.
        
             | derefr wrote:
             | "Adobe has released a new version of Creative Suite
             | optimized for Apple's M1." You don't even really need to
             | invoke the concept of architectures to understand "it was
             | slower on the M1 before; now it's faster, because Adobe did
             | work to focus on support for it."
        
           | 333c wrote:
           | Or even "ships for" rather than "ships on"
        
         | grishka wrote:
         | > If I recall correctly, this was the case 15 (?) years back
         | 
         | I recently installed Mac OS 9 on an emulator just to see what
         | it was like. First thing I noticed was that there was a lot of
         | third-party software that came with it both preinstalled and as
         | extra on the installation CD. Heck, even iTunes used an
         | installer made by a third party! That felt very un-Apple to me.
        
           | thrwn_frthr_awy wrote:
           | iTunes came from an acquisition of SoundJam. Apple didn't
           | have much first party apps at the time, so it was important
           | to include software to make the computer usable out of the
           | box.
        
           | Terretta wrote:
           | > _even iTunes used an installer made by a third party! That
           | felt very un-Apple to me._
           | 
           | Yes, everything installed differently, updated differently,
           | and maintaining currency across a large application set was
           | unreasonable without third party subscriptions like "Mac
           | Update"! It was crazy.
           | 
           | And yet, it seems majority of HN wants to rewind from the App
           | Store which was created as to assist users and devs with that
           | problem.
        
             | pcr910303 wrote:
             | > And yet, it seems majority of HN wants to rewind from the
             | App Store which was created as to assist users and devs
             | with that problem.
             | 
             | Well, to be fair the App Store isn't really a viable
             | solution to these problems to a fair bit of applications.
             | The sandbox requirement makes a large portion of 'useful'
             | apps unable in the App Store.
             | 
             | Looks like most non-App Store apps use Sparkle[0] these
             | days though, so it's much better than before.
             | 
             | [0]: https://sparkle-project.org
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | Sparkle is great but, for some reason, it never works on
               | the apps that I have that use it. I check the box to
               | automatically update apps in the future and I still get
               | prompted every time there's an update. Even then, I hit
               | the update button and the update fails and then I have to
               | restart the app, try again, and then it succeeds... until
               | the next time there's an update and the process starts
               | all over again. At least with the App Store, all my apps
               | update at night and they're ready to go when I need to
               | use them.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > Well, to be fair the App Store isn't really a viable
               | solution to these problems to a fair bit of applications.
               | 
               | This used to be true, but every new release adds
               | mechanisms to securely enable more capabilities.
               | 
               | What examples are you thinking of that still can't be
               | done?
               | 
               | > The sandbox requirement makes a large portion of
               | 'useful' apps unable in the App Store.
               | 
               | I don't think this is true any longer.
        
               | Terretta wrote:
               | It seemed at the time that Sparkle was part of what made
               | Apple realize this was a legit pain point.
               | 
               | Sherlock, Sparkle, Growl, if you demonstrate a gap in
               | what should be built in, Apple _will_ admit it and fill
               | it in.
        
             | zepto wrote:
             | > And yet, it seems majority of HN wants to rewind from the
             | App Store
             | 
             | It's definitely not the majority of HN.
             | 
             | You'll notice sentiment varies a lot from thread to thread.
        
             | grishka wrote:
             | > And yet, it seems majority of HN wants to rewind from the
             | App Store which was created as to assist users and devs
             | with that problem.
             | 
             | App Store is fine, as long as _it 's not the only way to
             | the platform_. If it's a curated catalog of apps + a
             | hosting service + payment processing _for those developers
             | who want it_ , there's no problem with it existing. There
             | is, however, a problem with how Apple keeps tightening its
             | grip lately, and how current versions of macOS with default
             | settings treat apps that haven't been vetted by Apple as if
             | they're radioactive. That's still better than iOS, which
             | outright refuses to run anything that isn't signed by
             | Apple, but this overall direction is still troubling.
        
               | Terretta wrote:
               | But then we're immediately in the anti-consumer user
               | anxiety inducing situation we were in before -- where you
               | don't know where or how to keep these things up to date
               | or secure or remember where that license key is or how to
               | cancel the subscription or etc.
               | 
               | I deal with this with several dozen other tools on the
               | Mac each using random store and key schemes. Lately I
               | throw in the towel and switch to inferior tools in the
               | app store if I can't dig up the secret codes to the
               | legacy hoops their devs want me to jump through. Charge
               | me 30% more, no problem, just stop making me waste my
               | time for things that are now _solved problems_.
               | 
               | This overall simplification and end-to-end trusted
               | curation direction is a minority but well heeled part of
               | the market (happy to spend money on apps if it doesn't
               | waste their time), and a sort of grand experiment in what
               | users want. If users want a free for all, the majority of
               | the market is still buying those handsets. If not, the
               | option to have a handheld _appliance_ should be available
               | to those who want it.
               | 
               | Seems a shame to appeal to regulation to stomp on user
               | choice where customers speak with their wallets that
               | "please don't make me think".
        
               | jasonjayr wrote:
               | The problem is the operating system developers, instead
               | of defining a standard component that could pull update
               | lists from anywhere, just decided, "we shall make one
               | store, and we shall be the gatekeepers"
               | 
               | Imagine if windows (or MacOS) had a control panel where
               | you could paste "Update subscription URLs", and uses
               | crypto to verify licenses (optionally), and implemented
               | binary diffs and what not, and provided a standard
               | operating system component for navigating, purchasing,
               | and installing/updating software?
               | 
               | They were _SO CLOSE_ with add /remove Programs, and it
               | never went all the way.
               | 
               | IIRC there is the Install-Package Powershell commandlet
               | that might almost be that? But, I think it's still locked
               | to Microsoft's store.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | Take it a step further maybe. Why have the user set up
               | updating at all? Suppose they've downloaded an app form
               | the developer's website and installed it. When the app
               | first runs, it calls a special API in the OS to register
               | its "update feed" URL that provides the update info in a
               | predefined format. The rest is then managed by the OS
               | itself. It refetches these URLs as needed, shows
               | notifications, installs updates, and, most importantly,
               | provides the user with a central place somewhere in the
               | settings to control all this.
               | 
               | I don't know much about the money/license part UX because
               | I've never paid for software myself. But developers
               | probably won't want to delegate licensing to the OS
               | because this would make it all too easy to crack -- it
               | would only take one very simple patch to disable license
               | checks altogether system-wide.
               | 
               | edit: Sparkle already uses a standardized feed format
               | (https://sparkle-project.org/documentation/publishing/).
               | So basically the only thing that's left is to move the
               | update checking and installation logic to the OS as
               | opposed to every app containing a copy of it.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | This is a much better idea than the parent. It would be
               | great if MacOS included a default package manager and
               | apps registered themselves like this. My only concern
               | would be malware taking advantage of this and somehow
               | figuring out how to persistently register itself. I'm
               | sure there's a fix but I haven't quickly come to a
               | solution in the 10 seconds that I've thought about it.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | > I'm sure there's a fix
               | 
               | Make that API call pop up a dialog or something to ask
               | the user for consent.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | I don't think that's good enough, unfortunately. People
               | just dismiss the dialogues or malware distributors just
               | learn to provide instructions to bypass any consent
               | dialogues. The benefit of the App Store is that it's
               | _impossible_ to install malware through it. Unless you
               | can provide the better experience while still delivering
               | on that point, it 's not much better. As I mentioned
               | above, it's better for techie people but not for the
               | average user and certainly not good enough for my mother
               | to use.
        
               | grishka wrote:
               | If you put it that way, then sure it more or less
               | necessitates a walled garden and some trusted party that
               | verifies everything (according to its own standards). But
               | then I'm skeptical of this nanny approach. IMO it's okay
               | for technology to require education. After all, locked-
               | down devices have only been a thing for the last 10 years
               | or so. Computers used to be open by default, and
               | operating systems were much less secure in terms of what
               | applications were allowed to do, yet somehow, people
               | survived that.
               | 
               | It's like governments. It can be a surveillance state
               | ruled by a dictator where everything is regulated and
               | everyone is spied on for the sake of "safety". Or it can
               | be something that offers all the freedom you could
               | possibly want, including the freedom to shoot yourself
               | into the foot, both literally and metaphorically.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > Imagine if windows (or MacOS) had a control panel where
               | you could paste "Update subscription URLs", and uses
               | crypto to verify licenses (optionally), and implemented
               | binary diffs and what not, and provided a standard
               | operating system component for navigating, purchasing,
               | and installing/updating software?
               | 
               | I imagine that being completely unusable for a lot of
               | people, and a total disaster of social engineering and
               | malware exploitation.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | There's not been nothing stopping anyone developing
               | exactly this on MacOS or Windows for 30 years. In fact
               | you could go and develop it right now. If both platforms
               | can support third party stores like Steam, if it's so
               | easy to do then this should be entirely doable.
               | 
               | I suspect the reason something like this hasn't been done
               | is that it's actually a heck of a lot harder than you
               | think.
        
               | dpkonofa wrote:
               | This would work great for technical people and be an
               | absolute nightmare for my mother.
        
             | canadianfella wrote:
             | I've never seen the word currency used that way.
        
             | SllX wrote:
             | The Mac App Store has multiple reasons for existing, but
             | the whole gestalt of it is a mixed bag with both blessings
             | and curses.
             | 
             | Also the Mac App Store updating system is just damned
             | terrible compared to the Sparkle updater. The only
             | advantage it has is that it is centralized, but I have
             | found it to be one of the slowest and buggiest parts of
             | using the Mac App Store.
        
           | Lammy wrote:
           | This is speculation, but this may be related to resource
           | compression and them trying to get the iTunes download size
           | as small as possible since so many people were on dialup at
           | the time: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26415883
           | 
           | System 7 added that overall capability, and Apple shipped 4
           | different built-in resource compression algorithms over the
           | years (the last of those added in OS 9), but it was equally
           | possible for third parties to ship their own decompression
           | routine's machine code along with the other resources. I
           | remember iTunes using InstallerVISE, and I know VISE came
           | with its own compression routines.
        
         | ekzy wrote:
         | My first read was really confusing. I kind of blanked out that
         | photoshop was from Adobe and read that "Adobe photoshopped
         | ships on macs" as in ships photoshopped on images of Macs for
         | some marketing reason.
        
         | antihero wrote:
         | > Seems it would be a benefit to both of them
         | 
         | Except the brand damage from ruining the "pure" experience that
         | doesn't come preloaded with a bunch of 3rd party apps...
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | It already comes with Apple TV preloaded, whether you like it
           | or not. Apple isn't adverse to frontloading you with
           | subscription models, as long as it's a Premium(tm)
           | experience.
        
             | zepto wrote:
             | The TV app doesn't require a subscription to any particular
             | service.
        
               | zapzupnz wrote:
               | Indeed. Just in case people weren't aware, the TV app is
               | where you can purchase movies and TV shows from iTunes,
               | or watch your own video content if you get it into the
               | library.
        
             | dpkonofa wrote:
             | How is the Apple TV app related to the comment? There's no
             | subscription needed to use the app and it isn't tied to one
             | service.
        
             | filoleg wrote:
             | >It already comes with Apple TV preloaded
             | 
             | The parent comment said "a bunch of 3rd party apps", and
             | Apple TV is clearly not a third party app.
        
           | scintill76 wrote:
           | Maybe a free license included with the OS/hardware combo
           | then; installing is user-initiated.
        
           | geon wrote:
           | Especially if it would still require a subscription. I hate
           | that kind of bloatware oems insists to fill up windows
           | installs with.
        
       | akmittal wrote:
       | Not as slow as earlier is more relevant title
        
       | Gaelan wrote:
       | > There are still a few features we haven't finished porting to
       | run on the new M1 chip, primarily a couple of those we most
       | recently shipped (Invite to Edit Cloud Documents, Preset Syncing,
       | most notably).
       | 
       | This is an interesting detail--I'm surprised that either of these
       | features are things that wouldn't "just work" when compiled for
       | another architecture.
        
       | juusto wrote:
       | With Apple Silicon I wish Apple and Adobe would bang their
       | coconuts together to bring the full versions of Lr/Ps to the
       | iPad.
        
       | williesleg wrote:
       | Apple Macintosh with ALL NEW velocity engine! Go get em!
        
       | wukerplank wrote:
       | Amazing accomplishment considering how long they struggled when
       | the PowerPC->Intel transition happened.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | The 32bit->64bit transition was emabarassing for Adobe too
        
           | robertoandred wrote:
           | And the OS 9 -> OS X transition.
        
       | ibraheemdev wrote:
       | And here I am _still_ waiting for Photoshop to come to Linux.
        
         | lostgame wrote:
         | Please explain how putting development resources into firstly,
         | porting; and secondly, _supporting_ , a fourth (MacOS, iPadOS,
         | Windows and then Linux) platform that ~1% of non-server
         | computers use works, business-wise?
         | 
         | Especially then they're not selling the products for several
         | hundred to start, and moved to a subscription model...
         | 
         | From what I've experienced and read, the cost of supporting a
         | platform has to be greater than its sales.
         | 
         | The second issue with this is that many people use Linux to
         | _specifically avoid_ using closed-source software.
         | 
         | No part about Photoshop on Linux makes sense, from any sort of
         | serious business end. They haven't even done an Android tablet
         | port of full-fledged Photoshop, and I haven't really read any
         | plans to support it.
         | 
         | If WINE wasn't a thing, or GIMP wasn't a thing...well, even
         | then; no. This would never happen. XD
        
         | pixelbath wrote:
         | Good luck. I had enough and dropped my Adobe paid subscription
         | because they decided _Windows 8.1_ was a verboten platform for
         | some reason. Not Windows versions _prior_ to 8.1, mind you,
         | because Windows 7 and regular Windows 8 was still supported.
         | Also the same day I purchased all the Affinity products (which,
         | incidentally, cost as much as 1.5 months of Creative Cloud
         | subscription):
         | https://twitter.com/pixelbath/status/1268767475685945344/pho...
         | 
         | Completely baffling to me, and I've built a huge chunk of my
         | design career using Adobe tools.
        
         | preommr wrote:
         | This is never going to happen.
        
           | wheelie_boy wrote:
           | 2021 is the year of linux on the desktop, I just know it
        
       | usui wrote:
       | How has the relationship been between Apple and Adobe ever since
       | Steve Jobs declared war on Adobe Flash and effectively being the
       | final nail in the coffin for Flash? Seems like there would be a
       | lot to repair when even Adobe snarked back
        
         | jacurtis wrote:
         | Well that was a decade ago (2011)... Welcome to 2021.
         | 
         | Adobe and Apple have been working together for a long time
         | since then. Appearing in keynotes, doing demos on screen, and
         | directly referencing eachother's products.
         | 
         | Whatever hatchet they had with eachother (if they ever did) is
         | buried.
        
       | BooneJS wrote:
       | It was my understanding that apps without special x86-only
       | inlined assembly would be straightforward to port. This could
       | hint that LR, as slow as it is, actually has special vectorized
       | or otherwise performance-boosted sections of code.
        
       | keyle wrote:
       | For how long?
       | 
       | Every new generation of computer has been "woooo look how fast
       | photoshop starts cold now! And Illustrator, so fast!"
       | 
       | ... 6 months later <waaaaat is it doing?!>
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Exactly. In the 90s PCs jumped from a few 100MHz to 3GHz in a
         | few years. Now _that_ was impressive. _This_ on the other hand
         | is just plain old evolution of technology.
        
           | phaemon wrote:
           | I'm afraid you're remembering incorrectly. The Pentium 100Mhz
           | was released in 1994. The last Pentium released in 1999 was
           | the PIII 800Mhz. There wasn't a 3GHz release until 2010.
           | 
           | And that's just clock speed. Compare any 2010 chip to
           | something like a Ryzen 5800x and see how the benchmarks
           | scores look.
        
             | robin_reala wrote:
             | No, no, much earlier than 2010. First 3GHz Pentium was
             | 2002: https://www.anandtech.com/show/1031 . That's only 8
             | years after the 100Mhz Pentium.
        
               | phaemon wrote:
               | Huh, you're right, I must have been looking at the wrong
               | line. Thanks!
               | 
               | My point on comparing CPUs remains, and is even more
               | pronounced against a 2002 CPU!
        
               | anthk wrote:
               | The gap from a Pentium with MMX and a Pentium 4 with SSE2
               | is many more times bigger than the first i3 to the
               | current i7.
        
               | tedunangst wrote:
               | Though people forget the 100mhz pentium was a 10W chip.
        
             | canadianfella wrote:
             | "Few hundred Mhz"
             | 
             | Pentium 2 came out in 1997 233MHz
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | I also wonder whether a lot of M1 Anecdata is biased because
         | it's a new computer at the end of the day
        
           | Eric_WVGG wrote:
           | I suppose that would depend on how many of those machines
           | were set up with Migration Assistant, which transfers nearly
           | all the cruft from an old machine, all the way down to
           | Homebrew packages and other CLI tools. Doesn't really feel
           | like a "new computer" when you're greeted with the same
           | desktop and console.
           | 
           | My anecdata last weekend was 60% to 90% JavaScript benchmarks
           | from a loaded 15" to an M1 Air, that coupled with no fans
           | screaming at me sure felt new.
        
         | tinus_hn wrote:
         | What Andy giveth, Bill taketh away
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_and_Bill%27s_law
        
         | rhacker wrote:
         | I know it's a different thing, but my SSD based systems (at
         | this point it's all of my systems) still boot in ~10 seconds.
        
         | jp555 wrote:
         | I heard Jim Keller say on a podcast recently that many
         | computation problems are N^2, so if unoptimized and run on
         | silicon with 2x the transistors, it runs 4x slower.
        
         | thejohnconway wrote:
         | I swear Illustrator takes longer to launch now from a fast SSD
         | than it did from a slow laptop HDD 15 years ago. Input latency
         | is awful. Something's gone crazily wrong with the bloat in
         | Adobe applications.
         | 
         | I would jump on an optimised version of Illustrator with the
         | feature set from 10 (or more) years ago.
        
           | Ellipsis753 wrote:
           | > I would jump on an optimised version of Illustrator with
           | the feature set from 10 (or more) years ago.
           | 
           | Genuine question, can't you just install an old version of
           | Illustrator?
        
             | IntelMiner wrote:
             | Not anymore! Adobe has been taking the activation servers
             | offline for its older products for some time now. Newer
             | versions as I understand it are the service model "Creative
             | Cloud" meanwhile
        
               | throwaway743 wrote:
               | You _can_ , just not an official version :/
        
               | folkrav wrote:
               | So... it was basically a subscription all along.
        
             | throwaway743 wrote:
             | Other issue is version compatability if you're working on a
             | team
        
           | dunnevens wrote:
           | I bought Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign CS2 a long time
           | ago. Still use it since it's mostly for hobby and very
           | occasional freelance. There's a tiny bit of jank running it
           | on Windows 10, but otherwise it starts quickly and runs
           | perfectly. The only thing I'd change if I could is to have a
           | 64 bit version. This one chokes occasionally on very large
           | files. But I don't deal with those enough to invest in the
           | subscription.
        
             | vetinari wrote:
             | For Mac, CS2 was PowerPC binary. It ran on the first Intels
             | with Rosetta, but that's not usable for a long time now.
             | Mac users, if they want Photoshop, they must go for
             | subscription.
        
               | LegitShady wrote:
               | There were a few versions of the suite in between CS2 and
               | subscription. I have CS5 here non subscription. Wouldn't
               | there be an equivelant on mac?
        
               | Doctor_Fegg wrote:
               | CS6 was the last. But even on Intel processors, running
               | it on Catalina or later is crash-prone and requires a
               | fair bit of hacking around. The main problem is that
               | there were still chunks of 32-bit code in there and macOS
               | has stopped supporting that.
        
           | vimy wrote:
           | > I would jump on an optimised version of Illustrator with
           | the feature set from 10 (or more) years ago.
           | 
           | The iPad version?
        
           | kitsunesoba wrote:
           | Yeah I know it varies from person to person but for me the
           | addition of useful features I use with any regularity stopped
           | at like... CS2. And if I'm being honest, I'd have no issue
           | getting along with CS1 or even pre-CS 6.x/7.x.
        
           | pentae wrote:
           | Figma? Sketch?
        
           | Doctor_Fegg wrote:
           | This. I'm keeping a Mac mini on Mojave specifically to run
           | Illustrator CS6. The price of an Intel Mac mini on eBay is
           | fairly competitive with 2 years of Illustrator CC payments.
        
           | dbspin wrote:
           | Buy a USB cd ROM drive (around 30 dollars / euro), buy an old
           | copy of illustrator, say 5 or 6. Use offline activation using
           | the included code.
        
             | tartoran wrote:
             | No need for a drive, a virtual image would do as well
        
           | martin_a wrote:
           | I feel this every time I start up my old Adobe CS4 on my
           | private (somewhat older) Thinkpad. While the work notebook
           | (Dell Latitude whatever) is faster than the Thinkpad, the
           | current Adobe CC surely takes longer so start than the CS4.
        
           | user-the-name wrote:
           | Affinity Designer?
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | Fifteen years ago Photoshop took 2-3 minutes to load on an
         | average computer.
         | 
         | These days it takes 8-15 seconds on a non-M1.
         | 
         | Filters that used to take 50 seconds to run now finish in just
         | a couple.
         | 
         | The point you're making is true with some software. But not
         | Photoshop.
        
         | matthewmacleod wrote:
         | Generally I dislike this kind of view and find it not to be
         | true.
         | 
         | But in this case... man, it feels like Adobe deliberately try
         | to slow down Photoshop and the wider CS suite. I used to use
         | these a lot back in early CS days, but I've used the trials
         | recently and by far the biggest offenders are some of the bad
         | UIs that they've slapped on top of things like creating new
         | documents, or Photoshop's "Home Screen".
         | 
         | They're slow as molasses, provide minimal useful features, and
         | there is an explicit option to turn them off and use the legacy
         | versions (usually a massive red flag to me that a feature is
         | shite).
        
           | AuryGlenz wrote:
           | They changed their rendering engine for Photoshop a couple of
           | years back and ever since it's been slow as hell. I'm in
           | Photoshop at least 20 hours a week and I'm still using
           | Photoshop 2019.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > there is an explicit option to turn them off and use the
           | legacy versions
           | 
           | I had no idea this existed. THANK YOU!
        
         | 1f60c wrote:
         | // TODO: Uncomment after keynote demo       //
         | Thread.Sleep(5000);
         | 
         | /s
        
           | Shadonototro wrote:
           | ah the microsoft people, they are easy to spot :p
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | Hasn't been my experience. Photoshop, for all its clunky UI
         | decisions (at some point it had Flash-driven panels too e.g.),
         | has always been very fast, and fastest than the competition in
         | large image processing.
        
       | ryanmarsh wrote:
       | Obligatory comment about how fast my M1 Mac is and how the
       | battery lasts forever.
        
       | whywhywhywhy wrote:
       | I can't be the only one who read the list of features that are
       | not finished porting yet and thought "Yeah makes sense".
       | 
       | Current day photoshop feels like a duct taped ball of random
       | systems and frameworks that somehow function within the same app,
       | until you get a few too many OS updates ahead then parts of that
       | system start breaking.
        
       | s_dev wrote:
       | What happened to that war Steve Jobs declared on Adobe?
        
         | leadingthenet wrote:
         | It only happened in your imagination.
         | 
         | The only war declared was on Flash, and they've won that ages
         | ago.
        
       | beyondcompute wrote:
       | Does it feel like it took surprisingly long to port it?
        
         | tuyiown wrote:
         | Nope, they've been kicking and screaming a verrry long time for
         | the PPC -> intel migration, with a lot of people legitimating
         | it due to hand optimized PPC code
        
         | shp0ngle wrote:
         | Not really. I would expect a lot of number-crunching stuff,
         | that's not easily portable.
         | 
         | For example, SciPy/NumPy/R is not ported to M1 for similar
         | reason.
         | 
         | Well, just similar, they depend on FORTRAN of all things, and
         | that does not have M1 compiler. Maybe Photoshop stuff does too?
        
           | mrtranscendence wrote:
           | Scipy, Numpy, and R all work on an M1 Mac if compiled to do
           | so.
        
         | thinxer wrote:
         | I expect Photoshop to contain many highly optimized function
         | routines for photo processing. These routines are optimized by
         | hand and usually use architecture-specific features such as
         | SSE/AVX which is not portable.
         | 
         | Unoptimized (more portable) versions of theses routines exists,
         | but I suspect they will perform well even with M1.
        
           | Const-me wrote:
           | > architecture-specific features such as SSE/AVX which is not
           | portable.
           | 
           | I don't have hands-on experience, but somewhere on HN I saw
           | this: https://github.com/simd-everywhere/simde If starting a
           | new cross-platform project today, I would try that library
           | first, before doing the usual intrinsics.
        
           | rowanG077 wrote:
           | This is probably true. But afaik photoshop allready ran on
           | ios. So I would have expected it to take a couple of weeks at
           | most.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | A QA cycle probably takes 2 weeks.
        
           | whywhywhywhy wrote:
           | >I expect Photoshop to contain many highly optimized function
           | routines
           | 
           | Ah, I see you have never had the pleasure of using it.
           | 
           | Sarcasm aside, the whole Adobe suite makes atrocious use of
           | your machines actual power, most is still single core. My
           | machine can simulate the entire virtualized interactions of
           | simulated light photons on glass on multiple GPUs in the time
           | it takes photoshop to encode a GIF.
           | 
           | and you think "well maybe encoding the gif is more work?" yet
           | try any GIF encoder written in pure Javascript and they still
           | outperform Photoshop and also the 3D render.
        
           | mirsadm wrote:
           | I'd expect them to have moved on from hand assembly to things
           | like halide-lang.org/ by now.
        
           | tuyiown wrote:
           | I'd imagine that they would have been cautious with highly
           | cpu tuned instruction flow after the PPC->intel migration.
        
           | unicornfinder wrote:
           | Indeed. It's why Photoshop for Mac won't run an Ryzen systems
           | - it's optimised to the point where it relies on specific
           | Intel CPU instructions.
        
             | dannyw wrote:
             | Kinda a cool benefit of having a Mac. Serious optimisations
             | by developers.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | The windows one likely have them, except they have the
               | codepaths for all processors.
        
               | oauea wrote:
               | Yeah, restricting the hardware your software can run on
               | is super cool!
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | This happens in Linux apps as well. Vendors like Discrete
               | will have restrictions on what kernel version, which
               | distro, what hardware that is really no different. With a
               | Mac, you just don't have a choice on the hardware to
               | install. On Linux, you have a choice, but only from the 2
               | options listed and you have to build it yourself.
        
         | brailsafe wrote:
         | Not at all. I'm surprised they got it done so fast. They're
         | previous big product updates in response to Apple hardware
         | releases have taken way longer.
        
           | ChrisLTD wrote:
           | I'd have to imagine some of the work they've done to make iOS
           | apps, and the work they started to make a Windows on ARM
           | version of Photoshop helped a bit.
        
       | williesleg wrote:
       | Yeah their downloads are quite a bit faster on those M1's. Now
       | benchmarks and regular use, well that's a lot slower.
        
       | hadrien01 wrote:
       | > Our internal tests show a wide range of features running an
       | average of 1.5X the speed of similarly configured previous
       | generation systems.
       | 
       | What are 'similarly configured previous generation systems'? Do
       | they mean i5, i7, i9? What GPU?
        
       | jordache wrote:
       | At first, I thought the OP wrote a bad title.. This is the same
       | heading from the adobe blog. Terrible copy writers, and terrible
       | publication approval process over there.
        
       | dillondoyle wrote:
       | The last year of Mac Photoshop has been a PITA.
       | 
       | Specifically it has a horrible horrible draw/render bug. it
       | blanks out with grey for 90% of the image after switching a tab
       | and some other tasks.
       | 
       | You have to zoom in or out for it to re-display the entire
       | canvas.
       | 
       | The recent 2021 install has the same problem. I have the highest
       | upgraded 2019 16"
        
         | whywhywhywhy wrote:
         | Don't worry it's total trash on Windows these days too, I use
         | both platforms and its a complete jank-fest on both with dog
         | slow UI redraw and even basic painting app functionality that
         | ran fine on systems 20 years ago is now slow and glitchy.
         | 
         | (recent Intel MacBook Pro and high end multi-GPU workstation
         | PC)
         | 
         | Adobe started to rest on their laurels about 6 years ago and
         | the results of that choice get more prominent each year as
         | bitrot sets in. Nothing about their software is empowering
         | anymore it's actually just limiting when you see what your
         | computer is truly capable of in software that is written to
         | make use of its modern power.
         | 
         | Within 5 years every piece of Adobe software will be displaced
         | and people will be looking back in disbelief asking "How could
         | they fall so far, they owned the market?"
         | 
         | Also gonna do my part to help their downfall, if you
         | (unfortunately have to for work) pay PS49.94 a month to use
         | full Creative Cloud you're being ripped off, I've only paid
         | PS30.34 a month for 4 years now, when it's renewal time just
         | keep telling them you're cancelling and it's too expensive and
         | after about 5 minutes of pushing they'll knock a lot off.
        
         | jacurtis wrote:
         | > it has a horrible horrible draw/render bug. it blanks out
         | with grey for 90% of the image
         | 
         | Oh so that wasn't just my hardware? I didn't realize it was a
         | widespread issue. I've been experiencing that bug for at least
         | a year now. I could go on, but there aren't enough hours left
         | in the day.
        
       | addedlovely wrote:
       | Sure it won't take long for them to add more bloat and slow it
       | down.
       | 
       | Wish I could cancel my creative cloud subscription but there is
       | still prevalent use. Sketch and Figma do a much nicer job of
       | things. Seems Adobe end up copying some of their features but
       | always buried a few more clicks deep.
        
         | BurnerBotje wrote:
         | I've just canceled my subscription this morning after i've
         | received a reminder that it would be renewed.
         | 
         | I don't know where you use CC for, but if it is just for
         | photoshop, you might give https://www.photopea.com/ a try.
        
           | instafail wrote:
           | I cancelled my subscription a few days ago. It was the most
           | painfull procedure ever. Help article points to a
           | cancellation button, which does not exist. Contact page leads
           | to nowhere. Chat bot points you to the useless help section.
           | Finally a real human behind the chatbot answers, but takes
           | extra long time to make you lose any remaining patience or
           | hope. Finally after 1 hour of various counter offers and
           | discounts, they accept the cancellation request. I have never
           | witnessed a subscription cancellation process this
           | obstructive. It should be illegal.
        
             | dangero wrote:
             | I'm amazed that a large corporation gets away with it. It's
             | super scammy.
        
               | WhyCause wrote:
               | Every single cable company tries the same scam. The only
               | difference being that it's slightly easier to get to a
               | human in the first place.
        
             | jclardy wrote:
             | Same here but in my case I did find the cancel subscription
             | button, it just gave an "error" when I tried to use it.
             | Required me to talk to support before cancelling.
             | 
             | That is in addition to their scammy practice of displaying
             | a monthly price, but locking you into a yearly contract.
             | You pay monthly, but if you cancel within the year they
             | charge you a cancellation fee that is essentially equal to
             | the entire remaining subscription. Not sure if they do that
             | anymore, but that was the case with my sub 2 years ago.
        
             | Angostura wrote:
             | Cancelling the payment from the bank side would probably
             | speed up their response.
        
               | jacurtis wrote:
               | This is why I have gone to using virtual cards online.
               | 
               | When you want to cancel, you go to one central repository
               | with all your virtual cards and turn off the card for the
               | service you want to cancel. When your next payment comes
               | up, the card will decline, the service will close your
               | account for you. Easy cancellation.
        
           | kuon wrote:
           | I have many customers who are stuck with CC for Acrobat. It
           | seems to be the only full featured PDF editing program.
        
             | kweinber wrote:
             | I switched to "PDF Expert" (developer is Readdle I think)
             | on the mac and its equivalent on mobile. Its easier to use
             | than Acrobat ever was and costs less per year.
        
             | no_wizard wrote:
             | For those on a Mac I highly recommend PDF pen pro for most
             | editing needs. If it has the features you're looking for
             | it's a great alternative
             | 
             | That said Acrobat is really fully fleshed so I understand
             | why people still only use it professionally
        
           | vishnugupta wrote:
           | PSA: Be aware of Adobe's "Yearly contract billed monthly"
           | subscription thingy.
        
           | laurent123456 wrote:
           | I switched to Affinity Photo as an alternative [1] and quite
           | happy with it. It's similar enough to Photoshop that I'm not
           | lost, more polished than Gimp, and only a fraction of the
           | price. Their forum is also quite good for support.
           | 
           | 1: https://affinity.serif.com/en-gb/photo/
        
             | sbarre wrote:
             | I'll second this.
             | 
             | Affinity Photo and Designer are great tools, they are
             | cross-platform (although you have to purchase them
             | separately), and regularly go on sale (I bought both for
             | 70$ total).
             | 
             | I have yet to find a task I used to use Photoshop or
             | Illustrator for that I can't do with these. I am not a
             | hardcore or super advanced user, but that's why it works
             | for me.
        
               | StavrosK wrote:
               | (They aren't cross-platform if they don't run on Linux)
        
               | jermaustin1 wrote:
               | It is cross platform if they run aCross multiple
               | platforms. Be that 2 or 3 or 15.
        
               | jordache wrote:
               | These arguments really needs to be in the context of the
               | real world. No one values an academic/technical point.
               | 
               | The intersection of artists, who are heavy users of the
               | Adobe suite of products, and linux aficionados is
               | essentially zero.
               | 
               | You do realize this, do you not?
        
               | sbarre wrote:
               | Tomato, tomato
               | 
               | edit: we are talking about replacements for Adobe
               | products here, so context matters. Adobe products _also_
               | don't run on Linux.
        
               | StavrosK wrote:
               | I wouldn't call Adobe products "cross-platform" either,
               | though.
        
               | criley2 wrote:
               | With linux desktop use at ~1.5% and dropping, at some
               | point it becomes bad business to support it. It's not
               | adobe's job to pick OS's for their users, it's their job
               | to support the OS's that their users use. And their users
               | are about 99% Windows/Mac it seems.
               | 
               | When you cover about 98-99% of your users platforms, I
               | think you're cross platform.
               | 
               | Otherwise, we could define a cross-platform slippery
               | slope such that no software has ever achieved it. There's
               | always another platform you didn't support.
        
               | StavrosK wrote:
               | Then "cross-platform" now means "Windows and MacOS" and
               | Linux stops making the "platform" list?
        
               | wtetzner wrote:
               | I always thought cross-platform meant "more than one
               | platform", but I guess I don't really know if that's how
               | it's typically used.
        
               | Shared404 wrote:
               | I almost exclusively use Linux, and I would call any
               | Windows + Mac app cross-platform.
               | 
               | Does it run on more than one platform? If yes, it's cross
               | platform.
               | 
               | Otherwise, where do you draw the line? Linux? BSD? Haiku?
               | Minix?
        
               | criley2 wrote:
               | I mean, yes. Functional cross-platform doesn't mean
               | "every single platform ever", and hitting 98% is a
               | fantastic target.
               | 
               | Listen, I love linux, and it's not MY fault that the year
               | of the Linux Desktop never came and that its marketshare
               | has continued to fall against its competitors.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | In the commercial desktop software realm, that's what
               | cross-platform has always meant.
        
               | sbarre wrote:
               | Pretty sure there are lots of valid definitions of
               | "cross-platform", and I will say again that context
               | matters.
               | 
               | If I'm talking about a mobile app and I say "cross-
               | platform" I probably meant iOS and Android. It would be
               | strange to say "what about Linux??" in that context.
               | 
               | So here we are talking about competitors to Adobe
               | products, where "cross-platform" means Windows and Mac,
               | so when I say "cross-platform" in this context, I am also
               | referring to that same set of platforms.
        
               | Cullinet wrote:
               | Nikon have just published a complete free and quite
               | sophisticated photo software suite, most useful summary
               | of which here :
               | 
               | https://bythom.com/newsviews/nikon-launches-new-
               | software.htm...
               | 
               | Ed; "Everything is there: stills, video, image browsing,
               | NEF processing, Lightroom-like capabilities, cloud
               | integration, image ingest,and much more."
        
               | kyriakos wrote:
               | nice trying this out. i have a nikon camera :)
        
           | boraoztunc wrote:
           | This is really something I've been thinking for quite some
           | time, canceling my CC subscription (which is monthly) but
           | there are couple of things that kept from executing this
           | decision; first of course loong years of habit (almost 20),
           | hard to leave. After switching to Figma for UI design, my
           | main use of CC for branding, print design is left to
           | Photoshop, Illustrator, InDesign and photography editing for
           | Lightroom. I can ditch the others in CC apps in an instant,
           | but I can't Photoshop and Illustrator, because the branding
           | design works need mockups, brushes, textures, stuff and web
           | resources mostly made for PS, also I've a huge offline
           | archive I like using, also there is print work, which I use
           | Illustrator mainly. Adobe products really make me mad, they
           | work in weird ways, crash, lost work and data, plus couple of
           | times in a year something happens to make me connect to
           | client support, these are the times that I really want to cut
           | my all connection with the company and their products.
           | 
           | At some point I'll manage to figure this out and take a bold
           | step further to leave Adobe all behind. I know there are
           | options, tried most of them (Affinity etc), but I make my
           | living through these apps and I need reliable software with
           | resources and community, just like Figma did in a great way
           | for UX/product design, I wish they create side products like
           | CC apps, for print design, even audio design, that would be
           | awesome.
        
             | daniellarusso wrote:
             | I have gotten pretty decent results from Pixelmator Pro and
             | Inkscape.
             | 
             | I grew up with Photoshop 4 and CorelDRAW!, so I would
             | totally be happy with those as well.
             | 
             | YMMV
        
           | nkozyra wrote:
           | I just tried this and while I appreciate the attempt to make
           | it relatively the same UI as Photoshop most of the things I
           | tried didn't work like they would in Photoshop.
           | 
           | I couldn't apply a filter to a shape layer, which I can do in
           | Photoshop. It didn't blur out the option, I had to click it
           | to find out I couldn't do it.
           | 
           | I did try to gaussian blur a layer and it did nothing until I
           | hit 50px then at 51px it basically blurred everything out of
           | existence. I tried this in Photoshop and it behaved in a more
           | linear way, as I'd expect.
           | 
           | This would actually be _less_ of a problem if every Photoshop
           | alternative didn 't try to be a pixel perfect clone of
           | Photoshop. Take some risks, evaluate some choices and see if
           | you can do things better than Photoshop. Otherwise the
           | comparisons will be too stark.
           | 
           | I understand a lot of the vitriol towards Adobe for a number
           | of reasons, but for some reason they just do photo/image
           | editing better than anyone else. I keep waiting for the day a
           | FOSS alternative pops up that actually competes.
        
           | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
           | Thank you, we want to try this. I despise subscription model
           | software. I wish I could find my Adobe Photoshop 6.0 disk, it
           | did everything I need just fine.
        
             | PicassoCTs wrote:
             | Eh, why not rate it 3.14159 ? After all you paid for it?
        
           | bsaul wrote:
           | Thanks for that link. I've often found myself wanting to do
           | minimal image work, and this is the first time i see
           | something really usable.
        
             | achow wrote:
             | Photopea is made by a single developer.
             | 
             | https://blog.photopea.com/creating-photopea.html
        
               | yaseer wrote:
               | A single developer who put in 7000 hours before he made a
               | cent. It was a hobby project he was passionate about.
               | 
               | He thankfully now makes a comfortable living from it.
               | 
               | It's one of my favourite indie-hacker-style stories, as
               | the hacker was motivated by his intrinsic joy of making
               | something.
               | 
               | https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/9urjmg/i_made_a_fr
               | ee_...
        
               | Alex3917 wrote:
               | > A single developer who put in 7000 hours before he made
               | a cent.
               | 
               | I think this is less uncommon for bootstrapped companies
               | than a lot of people assume. E.g. Patrick Campbell from
               | ProfitWell has a similar story.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | Ironically that this is also how Photoshop started.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | daniellarusso wrote:
           | I have been happy with Pixelmator Pro.
           | 
           | I use it for work.
           | 
           | One time fee, I can't justify Photoshop CC for once per
           | quarter usage.
           | 
           | I may use it intensively for a few days then not touch it for
           | months.
        
         | hypertexthero wrote:
         | FYI Affinity Designer and Affinity Photo are good alternatives
         | that also run on Apple Silicon.
         | 
         | They have no subscription requirements and are 50% off right
         | now ($25 each): https://affinity.serif.com/
        
           | jscheel wrote:
           | I love (and own) all the Affinity products, but Designer
           | still has a long way to go to get to feature parity with
           | Illustrator, imho. Good news is, they are always improving.
        
             | mattkrause wrote:
             | I'm mostly happy with it too, but the lack of a "Select
             | Same Appearance" in Designer drives me insane.
        
               | jkestner wrote:
               | Affinity just added this in the most recent update.
        
             | mrtksn wrote:
             | As someone who is not professional in graphics but need to
             | do some vector graphics for professional work, I like
             | Affinity Designer very much. Once it clicks, it's actually
             | easy to use and quite productive.
             | 
             | That said, its probably not a marketable skill by itself as
             | most places would look for the "Adobe Illustrator" keyword.
        
             | ultrarunner wrote:
             | Designer feels like working with an arm tied behind my
             | back. I absolutely hate Adobe's subscription model,
             | software philosophy, and nearly everything else about them.
             | But Designer has a long way to go to being productive.
        
           | addedlovely wrote:
           | Thanks, will check it out. Reads like it'll handle opening
           | InDesign, Illustrator and PSD's - assume that's workable and
           | doesn't have too many gotchas?
           | 
           | I get a variety of artwork from designers in a plethora of
           | formats and sadly can't enforce my preferences on them.
        
             | pixelbath wrote:
             | One gotcha is there is no native bitmap trace. The
             | developers currently recommend using external software to
             | do so.
             | 
             | Otherwise, I've been able to bang out some quick vector
             | layouts since some of the basic hotkeys are the same, and
             | it seems to handle almost any vector format I've opened
             | with it.
        
           | aetherspawn wrote:
           | Affinity wouldn't let me switch my 3 month old Affinity
           | Designer for OS X license with a Windows license when my
           | laptop got stolen. They wanted me to pay $70 for another
           | license, and their support was quite rude about it. The
           | reason they gave me was "it would be unfair to the other
           | customers that paid full price for both platforms".
           | 
           | I have a bad taste in my mouth about the ordeal and have been
           | boycotting their software in protest. Because of how rude
           | their support was, I would rather pay Adobe than spend a
           | single dollar more at Affinity.
        
             | LegitShady wrote:
             | The good news for you then is that you're going to pay
             | adobe much much much more in the long run, getting exactly
             | what you wanted, apparently.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | I was agreeing with you, empathizing, until your last
             | sentence. You lost me there.
        
             | fortran77 wrote:
             | Yes. No problem with Adobe switching licenses to other
             | machines. You just log in and select which machines you
             | want to remove the license from, and you can switch them
             | around easily.
        
               | jtbayly wrote:
               | Yeah, but that's a subscription. The whole point of these
               | apps is that they are a one time purchase.
        
             | preommr wrote:
             | I don't see how that makes sense.
             | 
             | In HN of all places, I would expect people to understand
             | that it costs money to maintain a product for different
             | systems.
             | 
             | And it wasn't even their fault, your laptop getting stolen
             | is not on them [1]. There's a lot of bullshit with services
             | (like Amazon not refunding you the difference on an order
             | if the price goes down before your item arrives), but this
             | doesn't seem like one of them.
             | 
             | Also, if you paid $70 for designer, then that kind of sucks
             | because I almost always see it for 50% off. Case and point,
             | it's $35 right now.
             | 
             | [1] I am trying to make a point that's purely technical,
             | but I don't want to seem too callous - I am sorry your
             | laptop got stolen, it sucks to lose something expensive
             | that is very important, and has a lot of important data on
             | it. And I know responses like mine are the last thing
             | someone with anger wants to hear (I've been in that
             | position), but I run my own business and I am also on the
             | other side now where it's really hard to deal with
             | situations like this.
        
               | dkersten wrote:
               | > I would expect people to understand that it costs money
               | to maintain a product for different systems.
               | 
               | Huh? What has that got to do with this case? They're
               | already maintaining it on multiple systems and its not
               | like aetherspawn would be able to use it on more than one
               | system. It literally is no different to the Affinity devs
               | whether aetherspawn is using the OS X or Windows version
               | since they both cost the same amount (and the license was
               | only three months old).
               | 
               | It just seems like they wanted another sale to allow
               | access to a second platform, which would make sense if
               | they retained access to the first.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what the right approach is here (certainly
               | being rude about it isn't it, though!) but every time a
               | company has given me leeway, I've always then went around
               | telling everyone who would listen how great the company
               | is. Seems like they did the opposite by alienating the
               | customer instead. That doesn't seem like a good approach.
        
               | jkestner wrote:
               | I might agree with the goodwill argument if it wasn't for
               | the fact that Affinity apps are _so cheap_. When I wanted
               | to give them more money for yet another free updated that
               | added several features, I happily paid for the iOS
               | version even though I didn't really need it.
        
               | acomjean wrote:
               | I think the point is that its a one and done transaction.
               | You bought the software on platform X. 3 months in it
               | might engender goodwill to swap it. But bought software
               | deactivation isn't really a thing...
               | 
               | Now subscriptions. I notices my jetbrains stuff worked
               | with the same license key when I switched it to linux.
               | But I'm paying them yearly.
               | 
               | I'll totally agree there is no need to be rude. Though I
               | imagine if you are in customer service for a while, its
               | probably a natural defensive posture.
        
               | throwaway8581 wrote:
               | They're basically trying to make a sale, a windfall, from
               | an existing customer's personal troubles. It's not a sale
               | they would have made except for the guy needing to switch
               | laptops. Frame it however you want, but that kind of
               | thing makes people feel taken advantage of.
        
               | dkersten wrote:
               | Yeah, that's my thought too. The fact that it is cheap
               | makes me think they could have been more flexible, under
               | the circumstances of someone who ran into some hardship.
               | 
               | But even if not, they could have simply said sorry, our
               | policy is that we don't do this. aetherspawn said they
               | were rude about it. There was no reason to be rude, they
               | could have said no while still being empathic to the
               | situation and being courteous. I don't know how rude they
               | were or weren't, of course.
        
               | throwaway8581 wrote:
               | Sorry but I think you're wrong. If your customer
               | accidentally spills their drink you give them a
               | replacement for free. It's not a requirement, it's just
               | the kind of decency that builds good will, especially
               | when the marginal cost to you is very low. Same principle
               | applies here, where the marginal cost is literally zero.
        
               | novok wrote:
               | No its more like you bought a new car stereo that only
               | works with bmw cars and then your car got stolen. Then
               | you ask the stereo shop to give you a ford version for
               | free because you cant afford to buy a bmw again. Its the
               | wrong place to ask this and he is asking for a different
               | product.
               | 
               | Its explicitly part of their biz model to charge for
               | different platforms in liu of doing the subscription
               | thing.
        
               | throwaway8581 wrote:
               | The marginal cost of the stereo is probably over a
               | hundred dollars. The marginal cost of a drink and of a
               | software license is zero. If your customer for some
               | reason can't use the previous license due to unforeseen
               | circumstances, just give them a new one that they can
               | use. If you lose your license key, most software vendors
               | will give you a new one too.
        
               | zapzupnz wrote:
               | > The margical cost of the stereo is probably over a
               | hundred dollars
               | 
               | > just give them a new one that they can use
               | 
               | It always rubs me the wrong way when a customer decides
               | what value something has to a business, assuming they
               | know everything about the business' incomings and
               | outgoings, assuming they know the size of the business,
               | assuming that all businesses must operate the same way
               | because _some_ businesses have the flexibility to offer
               | acts of goodwill.
               | 
               | It makes the assumption that all businesses, especially
               | in software, are on equal footing. They very much aren't.
               | Sorry, but the customer can't always be right -- the
               | business has its own bills to take care of, employees to
               | pay, rights to licence, and lights to keep on; beyond
               | what the customer paid for, it really doesn't have any
               | further obligations. Good will is exactly that: good
               | will.
        
               | dadrock wrote:
               | Now imagine having to re-buy any of your Steam games to
               | have them work on Macs. This is a bad take.
        
           | tecleandor wrote:
           | Does anyone how well it holds (or if it's useful at all)
           | against Lightroom?
           | 
           | I'm tired of the Adobe subscription ...
        
             | buzzerbetrayed wrote:
             | They don't currently offer a Lightroom alternative.
             | Affinity photo is a photoshop replacement, but doesn't
             | really offer photo organization capabilities like Lightroom
             | does.
             | 
             | I too am tired of paying for Lightroom every month
        
             | rimliu wrote:
             | Depending on your Lightroom use, check out CaptureOne.
             | Great RAW editor, fantastic if you shoot tethered with
             | supported cameras, not so great for organizing photos.
        
         | Toutouxc wrote:
         | Have you checked out the Affinity offerings?
        
       | hahahahe wrote:
       | Can't wait for Mac Pro.
        
       | cactus10 wrote:
       | 50% Faster (according to Adobe, who want to sell new copies).
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | But Adobe don't sell copies - it's a subscription that works on
         | whatever platform and they gain nothing from people switching
         | architecture.
         | 
         | So what are you on about?
        
         | ErneX wrote:
         | They sell subscriptions only now.
        
       | ksec wrote:
       | Here [1] is an actual test and benchmarks. Showing M1 is faster
       | than a Laptop with Nvidia Discrete GPU.
       | 
       | Quite amazing.
       | 
       | [1] https://petapixel.com/2021/03/10/real-world-test-
       | photoshop-f...
        
         | arghwhat wrote:
         | They write that any GPU workload scores similar to the intel
         | internal graphic[1].
         | 
         | For the total scores, they're intentionally using an old beta
         | of the benchmark as it includes an older CPU workload that the
         | M1 happens to excel at.
         | 
         | Seems a little like they're cherry picking results.
         | Interesting, but a little dishonest.
         | 
         | ----
         | 
         | [1]: Quoting the article:
         | 
         | > Unsurprisingly, the M1 Mac mini loses to the competition in
         | raw GPU performance, more-or-less matching the onboard graphics
         | of the quad-core Core i7 that's in the 13-inch MacBook Pro
         | (full review here).
        
           | ribit wrote:
           | I think this is more a testament to the quality of Adobe's
           | GPU pipeline (or lack thereof). M1's GPU is surprisingly
           | capable for a 10W part, and more importantly, it supports
           | low-latency CPU/GPU communication and opt-in memory page
           | sharing. The later is especially interesting for creative
           | software, as CPU and GPU can work on the same data structure,
           | eliminating the need for copies or GPU buffer management.
           | Knowing Adobe however, it's probably most likely that they
           | are still using OpenCL, so the lack of performance is not
           | surprising.
           | 
           | P.S. Or maybe the GPU test is simply memory bandwidth
           | limited...
        
           | agloeregrets wrote:
           | Results are a little strange. Theoretically speaking, the M1
           | is a 2.6 TFlop GPU at FP32. The Macbook Pro they are benching
           | it with is just 1 TFlop. to get the exact same result on a
           | GPU with 2.6X the FP perfromance seems....unusual. I would be
           | interested to see if their benchmark is a limiting factor
           | here as realword is dramatically different.
        
           | okamiueru wrote:
           | I don't understand what is behind the "filter" benchmarks,
           | and it smells a bit fishy. Image filtering are (should be)
           | highly GPU intensive tasks, so what does it mean to score low
           | on "GPU" but somehow high on "filtering".
        
           | danlugo92 wrote:
           | Fact check: even if the M1's gpu performance matches that of
           | an i7 as opposed to a discrete gpu it:
           | 
           | 1) Is an entry level chip matching a high-end's performance.
           | 
           | 2) it does so in around a 5th of 6th of the thermal workload.
        
             | thereddaikon wrote:
             | Beating the integrated graphics in an i7 is nothing,
             | especially on the older chips. Intel integrated has never
             | been about performance. It really isn't saying much when
             | comparing to the 10th gen chips. They use the old Iris
             | graphics. Apple didn't adopt the 11th gen which are
             | actually contemporary to the M1 and use an entirely new
             | integrated gpu.
        
             | africanboy wrote:
             | 1) macs are not entry level, entry level is a 350$ laptop
             | mounting an i3
             | 
             | 2) it doesn't matter unless you work with the laptop
             | sitting on the bare skin of your legs
             | 
             | EDIT:
             | 
             | sorry!
             | 
             | forgot the basic rules: don't dismiss bitcoins, don't
             | engage with Apple users.
             | 
             | My fault.
        
               | danlugo92 wrote:
               | > 1) macs are not entry level, entry level is a 350$
               | laptop mounting an i3
               | 
               | It depends on how you see it:
               | 
               | The M1 is the entry level chip for the whole upcoming
               | M-series, this is a logical FACT.
               | 
               | It's hard to estimate how much an M1 costs but I would
               | say it's closer to an i5 than to an i3 simply because the
               | price tags can afford it.
               | 
               | Apple could make a profitable $350 plastic laptop with
               | some kind of watered down m1 chip, they just don't want
               | to.
               | 
               | > 2) it doesn't matter unless you work with the laptop
               | sitting on the bare skin of your legs
               | 
               | It's in the name.... "LAP" "TOP", regardless this is not
               | about temperate, this is about efficiency. The 18 hours
               | battery life works both on and off your laps ;).
        
               | Joeri wrote:
               | The m1 is basically the a14, which is rumored to go into
               | the $350 base ipad real soon now. That's their profitable
               | entry level laptop.
        
               | minhazm wrote:
               | They're similar, but it is not "basically the a14". This
               | is like saying that an Intel Core i9 is basically the
               | same as a Core i5. Sure it has a lot of similarities, but
               | they have very different thermal and performance
               | characteristics.
               | 
               | https://www.extremetech.com/computing/318715-comparison-
               | of-a...
        
               | ben-schaaf wrote:
               | The thermal load matters for battery consumption.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | my 400$, 6 years old Chinese entry level laptop does 8
               | hours on battery...
        
               | valuearb wrote:
               | My raspberry pi does 9 hours.
        
               | dvfjsdhgfv wrote:
               | Your post is a poor fit for the collective mindhive here
               | and it makes me uneasy. I better downvote it.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | Keep calm and everything will be fine.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | They're comparing entry level Macs to high end Macs, or
               | processors equivalent to them. That's the context.
        
               | blunte wrote:
               | For the historical HN crowd, a MacBook Air less than
               | $2000 is definitely entry level.
               | 
               | My high end Dell XPS was $2600, and the M1 Air blows it
               | away for half the price.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | > For the historical HN crowd, a MacBook Air less than
               | $2000 is definitely entry level.
               | 
               | so basically 99% of the laptops are entry level...
               | 
               | Anyway the full optional Macbook Air on the Italian Apple
               | website costs EUR 2.349,00
        
               | asutekku wrote:
               | Which just has a bigger storage, but the performance is
               | the same as in the cheapest one. There's no point taking
               | the most expensive option and try to invalidate the
               | results because of it.
               | 
               | And yes, for development sub $1000 laptops are entry
               | level.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | 16GB of RAM are the bear minimum in 2021
               | 
               | By simply upgrading the RAM from 8 to 16GB the MacBook
               | Air cost goes up to EUR 1.389,00
               | 
               | Which is a lot to me for only 256GB of SSD storage
        
               | eertami wrote:
               | >My high end Dell XPS was $2600, and the M1 Air blows it
               | away for half the price.
               | 
               | Isn't "blowing it away" a little hyperbole? An XPS with
               | 1185G7 has around ~10% worse single core and ~25% worse
               | multi-core CPU performance than the M1. An improvement
               | sure, but not the leap some people make it out to be.
               | 
               | I don't notice a 10% worse single core performance, but
               | what I do notice is going OOM because the Air is limited
               | to 16GB RAM (base model 8GB is personally unusable in
               | 2021). Or being limited to 1 external display due to the
               | design of the M1.
               | 
               | Apple silicon needs to support at least 2 external
               | displays before I can consider one and I'm honestly
               | surprised they currently do not. The next generation of
               | Apple chips might be useful, particularly if linux kernel
               | support improves too. A 2023 Macbook Pro has a lot of
               | potential.
        
               | minhazm wrote:
               | The XPS 13 is also limited to 16 GB of RAM, and it's
               | actually _more_ expensive than a M1 Macbook Air, so I 'm
               | not sure why you're using that as a comparison. Even if
               | you bump the Air to 16gb of RAM and 512GB SSD it's still
               | $50 cheaper than the comparable XPS 13 which is $1499,
               | which btw has a worse 1920x1200 screen vs the 2560x1600
               | one on the Air.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what source you're using for performance.
               | But at least with Geekbench 5 results it's not as close
               | as you're saying. The M1 Macbook Air scores 1699 in
               | single core, and 7362 in multi-core[1]. The Intel Core
               | i7-1185G7 scores 1446 in single core and 4924 in multi-
               | core[2]. That's about 18% better single-core and 50%
               | better multi-core performance, for me that's a pretty big
               | difference.
               | 
               | [1] https://browser.geekbench.com/mac-benchmarks [2]
               | https://browser.geekbench.com/processor-benchmarks
        
               | eertami wrote:
               | >The XPS 13 is also limited to 16 GB of RAM
               | 
               | This isn't true, I have an XPS 13 (9310) with 32 GB of
               | RAM. You can also get the XPS 13 with a 4k screen,
               | although I do not understand why you would. 1920x1200 is
               | already much higher DPI than I care for, 2560x1600 and 4k
               | are just a battery drain.
               | 
               | I'm going off my own benchmarks using Geekbench 5, where
               | the M1 scored 1700 single core and 7500 multi core, and
               | the 1185G7 scored 1550/6000 multi core. (There are people
               | with better results than this on Geekbench as well.)
               | 
               | I wasn't making an argument about the price by the way, I
               | do understand the Air is cheaper, but in my opinion it is
               | cheaper because it is a lesser quality device with key
               | functionality missing. Of course, for some people the
               | Macbook Air is the best value because they don't need or
               | care about these things. Which is totally OK, but having
               | used both devices both the Air and the MBP are non-
               | starters for me.
               | 
               | As I said, I hope future revisions can improve things and
               | be more competitive.
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | Yes, it isn't only about pure performance numbers. Better
               | performance with much lower heat, much better battery
               | life. "Blows it away." Every laptop seems to have a
               | drawback or two however.
        
               | unix_fan wrote:
               | A 15 W mobile chip would be considered entry level for
               | most laptops.
        
               | wil421 wrote:
               | A MacBook Air is 100% entry level.
        
               | omegabravo wrote:
               | MacBook Air costs 3x the price of a Dell Inspiron. The
               | Mac laptops seem to be great (I've never owned one, have
               | ordered one though), but they're not entry level. It
               | might be Apple's entry level, but it's not the markets
               | entry level.
        
               | minhazm wrote:
               | For someone who is using Photoshop as a professional,
               | $999 really is not far off from entry-level. People
               | easily spend $2500+ on computers for professional work
               | that requires high performance. Sure you can use a $350
               | Dell Inspiron for Photoshop work, but it's not going to
               | be very practical. Performance, battery life, and even
               | the actual screen will be pretty poor at that price
               | point.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | though, Photoshop professional work is not entry level.
               | 
               | My uncle is a woodworker, his tools are not entry level.
               | 
               | He doesn't buy the best of the best the market can offer,
               | far from it, but his tools are not entry level.
               | 
               | they can be considered entry level only if you compare
               | them with the state of the art in his field of work.
               | 
               | Entry level of the high end segment maybe.
        
               | moreira wrote:
               | I think they might be referring to the power used by the
               | chip, which is indeed comparable to entry-level chips.
               | 
               | The thought is that if it runs this fast right now,
               | imagine what it'll be like when you put a big heat sink
               | and fan on it and let it use 100w or something, on a Mac
               | Pro. And more - this is a first generation product.
               | Imagine what the second generation will be like.
               | 
               | I think people are just excited for the possibilities.
               | We'll see how it all turns out, but it really does seem
               | promising.
        
               | jychang wrote:
               | Power usage is not linear with perf. Doubling power
               | wouldn't double clockspeeds or something.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | vitus wrote:
               | Actually, I agree with the sibling commenter that power
               | consumption is not a good predictor of whether a chip is
               | entry level.
               | 
               | Estimate of TDP for the M1 silicon are about 20-24W [0].
               | 
               | The i7-1185G7E can be offered at anywhere within 12-28W
               | TDP [1].
               | 
               | This 12-28W figure is exactly the same for the i3-1115G4E
               | [2].
               | 
               | Yes, there's some trickery in Intel's TDP numbers, but
               | based on Anandtech's results for that i7 [3], it looks
               | like lower TDP means that you can't burst for as long.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.anandtech.com/show/16252/mac-mini-
               | apple-m1-teste...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/
               | 208076/...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/sku/
               | 208079/...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.anandtech.com/show/16084/intel-tiger-
               | lake-review...
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | > I think they might be referring to the power used by
               | the chip, which is indeed comparable to entry-level
               | chips.
               | 
               | Is it?
               | 
               |  _the Core i3 530 consumes 73 Watts_
               | 
               |  _the AMD Ryzen 9 5980HS consumes 35 Watts_
        
               | moreira wrote:
               | The i3-530 is a 10-year old desktop CPU, so of course it
               | uses more power. The M1 can go up to 39w, which is
               | comparable to the Ryzen you mentioned. I didn't know
               | either, and looked it up before commenting to make sure I
               | didn't make any wildly incorrect claims.
               | 
               | The M1 is an incredible achievement, but let's try to
               | remain honest about the numbers.
               | 
               | https://support.apple.com/en-gb/HT201897
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | that's absolutely true
               | 
               | The i3 desktop CPU is an entry level CPU because it can
               | still handle entry level workloads, consuming a lot more
               | energy than the state of the art because providing high
               | end performances while consuming less energy than the
               | competitors is not worth the entry level segment money.
               | 
               | Entry level means (IMO) good enough for as little money
               | as possible in a non pro field (as in: your salary do not
               | depend on the performances of the device)
               | 
               | M1 Macs are not in that segment.
               | 
               | > The M1 is an incredible achievement, but let's try to
               | remain honest about the numbers.
               | 
               | 100% agree
        
             | jeswin wrote:
             | The i7 (and Intel) has always had mediocre graphics
             | performance, mostly just for 2D, office/productivity and
             | media encoding/decoding.
             | 
             | What'll be interesting is how the M1 will compare upcoming
             | 4th gen Ryzen laptop parts with RDNA2.
        
               | andy_ppp wrote:
               | My bet is Ryzen will be slightly competitive this time
               | around (at maybe double the power usage), but Apple will
               | increase performance by 10-20% per year and eventually
               | AMD will start lagging behind.
        
               | JoshTko wrote:
               | Those chips will probably not be out until later this
               | year and will take another couple months to show up in
               | laptops. By then we will see the midrange versions of the
               | M1. In Macbook pros.
        
               | MengerSponge wrote:
               | I agree wholeheartedly, but a small correction: those
               | chips are available now if you're very very lucky. For
               | example, the latest ROG Zephyrus is available from my
               | neighborhood Best Buy. The M1 has been readily available
               | for months, and we'll probably see Apple's new pro chips
               | by the time AMD's supply chain issues are sorted.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | can it handle svga high resolution ?
        
               | danlugo92 wrote:
               | Not only is your post an example of the Moving goalposts
               | fallacy [0].
               | 
               | Is also an apples to orange comparison.
               | 
               | The M1 was being compared to an i7, and that was I was
               | responding to.
               | 
               | It will also not "be interesting", since if we part from
               | "M1 does not beat current discrete GPUs" as per
               | grandparent comment, it will obviously not beat an
               | upcoming one, whatever the wattage will be.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_the_goalposts
        
               | neogodless wrote:
               | 4th generation Ryzen parts are expected to replace their
               | Vega-based integrated GPU with an RDNA2 integrated GPU.
               | That comment was not about discrete GPUs.
        
             | ogre_codes wrote:
             | It is an entry level chip. And it's a fantastic one.
             | 
             | But a comparison is a comparison even if lopsided, and when
             | people are pushing this as "As fast as high end Intel",
             | it's going to be squared against high end intel setups with
             | discrete GPUs.
             | 
             | The M1 is absolutely fantastic. But it does absolutely fall
             | short in some (arguably small) ways. Pointing those out
             | isn't unfair.
        
             | danlugo92 wrote:
             | Thermal load *
        
         | sbarre wrote:
         | So do this just mean that the legacy CPU architectures we've
         | been working with for decades are just really outdated?
         | 
         | Is this less about M1 being amazing and more about Intel being
         | inefficient, in terms of utilization of power/speed/features?
         | 
         | Because I have to assume the M1 chip can ignore a host of
         | legacy compatibility/performance tradeoffs that must exist in
         | x86 architecture.
         | 
         | If this is the result, hopefully it means a more generalized
         | leap forward (not just for Apple hardware) at some point in the
         | coming decade..
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | None of those laptops has a modern Ryzen CPU in them though?
         | For a more fair comparison?
         | 
         | Also your post is a bit misleading: GPU performance is
         | comparable to Intels, not nVidias which is explicitly called
         | out.
        
           | unix_fan wrote:
           | Ryzen isn't popular in the high end laptop class.
        
             | bogdan wrote:
             | Any guesses on why? I'm trying to get a new dev laptop with
             | a Ryzen 4xxx or 5xxx but none of the _big_ enterprise
             | vendors (dell, lenovo) have it yet.
        
               | stagger87 wrote:
               | Pretty much all major laptop vendors have Ryzen 4xxx
               | models. Some like Dell only put them in their lower tier
               | models.
               | 
               | https://www.amd.com/en/shop/us/Laptops should get you
               | started on where to look.
               | 
               | 5xxx models are just appearing, look up the Zephyrus G15.
        
               | neogodless wrote:
               | Lenovo is much better than Dell and has announced a lot
               | of Ryzen 5xxx laptops. Not sure if the
               | Thinkbooks/Thinkpads are available yet but they are
               | coming.
               | 
               | AMD just caught up (to Intel) in 2020 in laptop
               | efficiency, and the OEMs are starting to catch up in
               | offerings in 2021. However, availability is a mess in
               | general lately. Might be 2022 before really high-end
               | laptops offer Ryzen regularly.
        
               | redisman wrote:
               | The M1 is honestly very good value and the overall best
               | mobile chip right now which is rare for Apple. Unless you
               | need a PC. Goes toe to toe with my big desktop machine on
               | dev workloads.
        
             | neogodless wrote:
             | > M1 is entry
             | 
             | > Only compare high-end laptops
             | 
             | Wait...
             | 
             | Depending on what you're doing, compare Best (most
             | powerful), Value, Efficiency, etc...
             | 
             | M1 wins in Efficiency. Ryzen wins on high-end power. Value
             | varies by laptop but currently Ryzen wins on any sub-$1200
             | laptop comparison for value.
        
               | ogre_codes wrote:
               | I suppose it depends largely on whether you consider a
               | laptop with a 1080p laptop and a sluggish SSD a good
               | value. Seems to me often the "Value" you get is simply
               | going cheap on components. Mediocre display, barely
               | useable trackpad, slow SSD, fan noise, thermal
               | throttling, etc.
               | 
               | The current MacBook Air is a phenomenal value with almost
               | no compromises.
        
               | haukilup wrote:
               | The M1 chip macbook pro I bought recently is only able to
               | support a single external monitor natively, whereas
               | non-M1 macbooks can support more.
               | 
               | That's a massive compromise, and I'll be returning this
               | version
        
               | izacus wrote:
               | Thing is, Ryzen Zen3 is supposed to be pretty close to M1
               | on efficiency as well - this is why I want to see numbers
               | comparing them because they're closer in capability than
               | some obsolete Intel chip.
        
       | matsemann wrote:
       | Is it faster on the M1 chip because they made a proper build for
       | it compared to before on the M1 chip, or are they saying it's 50%
       | faster on M1 than on other hardware? Edit: Title is now edited
       | from what it was, it included a statement about speedup I
       | couldn't find explained the same in the post
       | 
       | It contains this quote though
       | 
       | > _Our internal tests show a wide range of features running an
       | average of 1.5X the speed of similarly configured previous
       | generation systems._
       | 
       | So I guess it's faster than on other systems, but still vague
       | about compared to what.
        
       | adioe3 wrote:
       | but they still can't make a version for Linux :'-(
        
         | jordache wrote:
         | What business case would they have to do such a thing?
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Keeping FOSS from building a serious competitor.
        
             | jordache wrote:
             | what is FOSS?
        
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