[HN Gopher] It Turns Out You Can Bullshit a Bullshitter After All
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       It Turns Out You Can Bullshit a Bullshitter After All
        
       Author : sohkamyung
       Score  : 128 points
       Date   : 2021-03-07 12:38 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (digest.bps.org.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (digest.bps.org.uk)
        
       | lonesomewhistle wrote:
       | This is some serious bullshit.
        
       | chris_wot wrote:
       | I am curious how they determined the subjects tested were
       | bullshitters.
       | 
       | Did they get to know them enough to realise they bullshit a lot?
       | 
       | Or did they ask them if they were good bullshitters? If so, then
       | maybe they missed those who are bullshitters but either don't
       | know it, or won't admit to it.
        
       | awinter-py wrote:
       | the linked BJSP paper is paywalled
       | 
       | what's the effect size?
        
         | tgv wrote:
         | http://psyarxiv.com/5c2ej/download says the Unpaywall extension
         | (works on Firefox, probably also on Chrome). Great thing to
         | have installed.
         | 
         | However, before getting carried away, let's not forget the
         | results are based on made-up scales, bad, unbalanced
         | alternatives and online surveys, Mechanical Turk in this case.
         | The sample is guaranteed to be unrepresentative, because
         | "[o]nly those who had completed a minimum of 500 surveys and
         | had at least a 97% MTurk HIT approval rating were eligible to
         | participate" and 62% had at least a bachelor degree.
         | 
         | Best r they report is .39.
        
       | marshmallow_12 wrote:
       | this article is ripe for an ig Nobel award. well done to the
       | authors. they should be nominated.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | When I learned to play poker with some "semi-pro" players at the
       | table, they asked what I did I said I worked in security and
       | cryptography, which is what got me into playing. When they said,
       | "oh, you're a math guy?" I said, "not really, more code, but the
       | problems I deal with at work are edge cases where assumptions
       | about math break down, for example like how statistical models of
       | card shuffling assume an even, normal distribution, which is
       | great in theory, but doesn't bear out in practice."
       | 
       | This created enough uncertainty and second guessing in their
       | minds about their own odds calculations on each hand that with a
       | bit of aggression and beginners randomness, I was able to take a
       | few of them out.
       | 
       | I wasn't doing better calculations, I was just adding uncertainty
       | to theirs. I still don't know much about playing cards, but that
       | is how you bullshit bullshitters.
        
         | mewpmewp2 wrote:
         | I'm not sure I get it. How do you know this created uncertainty
         | and second guessing?
        
           | vl wrote:
           | He said that he knows that the deck is not shuffled randomly.
        
             | mewpmewp2 wrote:
             | I mean how does he know that this had influence on the semi
             | pro players. It just seems unlikely to me that they would
             | start second guessing after that fact.
        
           | mpol wrote:
           | Math.
           | 
           | Or he might be a human being with feelings and perceptions,
           | however subjective they may be.
        
             | mewpmewp2 wrote:
             | It just seems unlikely to cause anyone semi pro to start
             | second guessing themselves. So I would like to understand
             | how did this manifest.
        
         | Raidion wrote:
         | This is like an example of persuasive bullshitting from the
         | article!
         | 
         | Poker amateurs play badly regardless of reason. Poker
         | professionals wouldn't adjust their strategy based on some
         | random guy at the table. The sample size is incredibly small
         | for poker (as you said) but saying that the uncertainty you
         | added affected the outcome is tenuous.
         | 
         | Additionally the best live poker players are entertainers in
         | terms of they want to make you feel valued and that you have a
         | chance so you come back and play more. They have a concrete
         | financial interest in making you feel smart, funny, and
         | competent. A true live poker pro always laughs when the worst
         | player tells a joke and always says 'whoa that's interesting'
         | after the worst player tells a story.
        
           | motohagiography wrote:
           | It's possible I didn't know the difference between winning
           | and losing and it was an attribution error. My experience
           | with people in business who lie about data and bullshit about
           | crypto suggested even though the players were way more
           | experienced, they could be persuaded they needed to be
           | cautious by someone with a "deeper" background.
           | 
           | Anyway, I ended up splitting the pot in that tournament, so
           | lucky for sure, and maybe the guy I split it with was so good
           | he could use a beginner at the table against the others as a
           | shield, but in a game of confidence and perceptions, bringing
           | in data points nobody else has is destabilizing.
        
             | mewpmewp2 wrote:
             | I've got to call bullshit on this as well. No one is going
             | to lose confidence due to something like that and results
             | of one game with small crowd are very luck dependant. It
             | feels like you won at roulette and are attributing your win
             | to something genius you think you did.
        
               | motohagiography wrote:
               | Plausible, with the slight exception it was on purpose,
               | and breaking peoples balls on their mystical folk
               | understandings of why they think they're good is very
               | much a competitive strategy. See sports psychology for
               | examples. The way to bullshit a bullshitter is to seize
               | the initiative and give them an out where they save face.
               | Nothing brilliant, but it's funny, and standard in sales.
               | A bit of charisma goes a long way.
               | 
               | I've absolutely been the mark in other situations, but
               | that one, I thought it was intentional enough to share.:)
        
         | andrewflnr wrote:
         | That's beautiful. It sounds like you were using the standard
         | odds calculations?
        
       | smitty1e wrote:
       | But does this article pass the Frankfurt test?
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Bullshit-Harry-G-Frankfurt/dp/0691122...
        
         | MrDrDr wrote:
         | My thoughts exactly! I read 'On Bullshit' a while back and it
         | struck me as an hilarious thesis attacking the social sciences
         | in general. There is some type of recursive irony going on
         | here.
        
         | mcphage wrote:
         | What is the Frankfurt test?
        
           | smitty1e wrote:
           | The tl;dr from the book at the link is that the point of BS
           | isn't so much to amuse or mislead, rather, real BS is an
           | attack on the concept of truth as such.
        
       | rq1 wrote:
       | We know since at least 384BC[1] that the best strategy against a
       | bullshitter is to bullshit.
       | 
       | You can't win against someone who cheats and takes freedom with
       | the rules while you follow these rules.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euthydemus_(dialogue)
        
       | hatmatrix wrote:
       | The summary:
       | 
       | > Some earlier work has suggested that better liars are also
       | better at detecting lies. But as the team notes, bullshit isn't
       | quite the same, as it falls just short of outright deception.
       | 
       | > Recently, researchers have begun to treat bullshitting as
       | having two separate dimensions. "Persuasive bullshitting" is
       | motivated by a desire to impress or persuade. "Evasive
       | bullshitting" is different -- as a "strategic circumnavigation of
       | the truth", it's the sort that a politician might engage in when
       | trying to cover up a mistake, for example.
       | 
       | > The team found that people who reported engaging in more
       | persuasive bullshitting were more receptive to all forms of
       | bullshit (pseudo-profound, pseudo-scientific and fake news).
       | However, higher scores for evasive bullshitting were not related
       | to susceptibility to the first two forms of bullshit, and were
       | actually associated with less susceptibility to believing fake
       | news.
       | 
       | I'm still not sure what the distinction between lying and
       | bullshitting is.
        
         | carapace wrote:
         | > I'm still not sure what the distinction between lying and
         | bullshitting is.
         | 
         | Logically there isn't one. The difference is in context and
         | motivation.
         | 
         | When I was a kid I had a problem with bullshitting, like when I
         | told my friends that my dad owned a helicopter. I wasn't trying
         | to scam them, I just wanted to be accepted and seem cool. But I
         | got over it as soon as my brain was able to notice what a
         | stupid thing it was to do. "You don't gotta lie to hang out."
         | 
         | FWIW, it seems to em like this study is just showing that
         | stupid people are stupid. It's arrested development to be a
         | bullshitter after, say, 12 or so, surely?
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Bullshitting does not require knowledge of the truth. Liars
         | know they are telling a falsehood. Bullshitters don't care
         | whether something is factual or not, as long as it serves their
         | rhetoric purpose.
        
         | darkerside wrote:
         | I would say persuasive bullshitters probably includes the
         | perhaps small group of people who have realized that everything
         | people say (themselves included) contains at least some small
         | measure of bullshit (however you define it), and that it isn't
         | necessarily intentional or malicious, and that it doesn't fully
         | invalidate the statement. Thus, they are willing to confess to
         | engaging in bullshitters, and while quick to recognize it in
         | others, they are generous enough to play along for what truth
         | might lie within.
        
         | netflixandkill wrote:
         | Bullshitting is manipulative storytelling. Some of what a
         | bullshitter says is true. Some of it they even believe is true.
         | Some of it they desperately want to be true. What's outright
         | false they would say is unimportant and deflect rather than
         | argue about.
         | 
         | But they're saying it to get something they want or avoid
         | something they don't want, and they'll tell any remotely
         | plausible story to make that happen. Bullshitters change the
         | story to fit the situation, often in real time as it develops.
         | 
         | Lying is more straightforward in that the liar is saying
         | something they specifically know is not true to deceive the
         | listener.
        
         | csunbird wrote:
         | Easy. The paragraphs that you have quoted does not say anything
         | in particular but it is long and looks informative. That is
         | bullshit.
         | 
         | I am living in America. That is a lie.
        
         | sudhirj wrote:
         | I'll take a crack at it. Lying is when I say something and hope
         | that you'll believe what I'm saying, while bullshit is saying
         | something hoping you'll believe something else, either
         | indirectly or transitively.
         | 
         | If I wanted to you to think I went to Stanford, I could say I
         | went to Stanford, which is a lie, or talk about how much I
         | enjoyed my time studying in the Palo Alto area, which is
         | bullshitting.
        
         | mirekrusin wrote:
         | Maybe they consider lying as uniform pathology and with
         | bullshitting they make an effort to categorise into
         | "presuasive" and "evasive", but they could be as well defined
         | other way around imho.
        
           | mirekrusin wrote:
           | Thinking about it more there may be something I don't get
           | about it because if you think about concepts like "while lie"
           | - it is category of a lie, however doesn't belong to
           | bullshitting category, there is something about incentive
           | that may be distingishing between two.
        
         | User23 wrote:
         | First, the distinction made between persuasive and evasive
         | bullshitting strikes me as vacuous. Evasion is a species of
         | persuasion so it's not two types, but rather a contains
         | relation. On to bullshit then.
         | 
         | Harry Frankfurt wrote an entertaining little book on the
         | subject[1]. To boil it down, the liar is concerned with the
         | truth, but makes it serve his ends by hiding it. On the other
         | hand the bullshitter is concerned with persuasion and gives no
         | particular consideration to the truth value of his claims, so
         | long as they persuade. As such well-crafted bullshit is
         | designed to sound plausible and elicit the sensation of truth.
         | 
         | For example, someone running a pump and dump scheme with a
         | stock is liable to be bullshitting. The reasons he gives for
         | buying may well be true, but he doesn't care either way so long
         | as the rubes drive his shares up.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/385.On_Bullshit
        
         | justinclift wrote:
         | Perhaps they're bullshitting, and it's one of those fake
         | studies? :)
        
         | alexashka wrote:
         | Lying is when you know A to be true but claiming A is false.
         | 
         | Bullshitting is not knowing enough about A but making claims
         | about A regardless.
        
       | chmod775 wrote:
       | Two reasons come to mind:
       | 
       | If you can't see through bullshit, you might think others can't
       | either, and are thus more likely to bullshit yourself.
       | 
       | If you can't see through bullshit, you may think others are
       | actually accomplishing some of the things they claim, and will be
       | more likely to embellish your own story to "keep up".
        
         | spuz wrote:
         | > If you can't see through bullshit, you may think others are
         | actually accomplishing some of the things they claim.
         | 
         | The converse is probably also true. I.e. if someone tells you
         | something that is true but you can't tell whether they are
         | bullshitting you, you might feel more justified in bullshitting
         | or embellishing the truth yourself.
        
         | coffeefirst wrote:
         | A third: many pathological bullshitters don't even realize
         | they're making stuff up.
        
         | djmips wrote:
         | I see a pattern where persuasive bullshitters surround
         | themselves with persuasive bullshitters.
        
           | daniellarusso wrote:
           | At my work, we call it the sales team.
        
       | fefe23 wrote:
       | Oh how I'd love to see their list of profound statements and the
       | pseudo profound bullshit!
        
         | machinelearning wrote:
         | Some of this seems a bit arbitrary. "Good health imparts
         | reality to subtle creativity." While poorly worded, it contains
         | a kernel of truth that you can only express your creativity by
         | being in good health. However it is put into the bs pile. The
         | non bs section contains motivational quotes which are popular
         | but are bs mostly. What is the definition of bsing? Thinking
         | out loud? Not being accurate? Intentionally stringing together
         | words to sound impressive?
        
           | mewpmewp2 wrote:
           | I don't get this one, that is supposedly a real quote - "Art
           | and love are the same thing: It's the process of seeing
           | yourself in things that are not you." Seems pseudo-profound
           | to me, unless I'm missing something.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rodion_89 wrote:
         | Page 17 of the appendix:
         | https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/downloadSu...
        
       | fallingfrog wrote:
       | I get the sense that the people who self reported as being good
       | persuasive bullshitters probably aren't fooling people to the
       | extent they think they are. They're just not aware of how
       | transparent they are. And if those same people are also
       | susceptible to fake news and pseudoscience, it kind of adds up to
       | them just not being very smart.
       | 
       | Or perhaps, it adds up to them not being the kind of people who
       | always take two ideas they have in their heads and test them to
       | see if they are consistent with each other. After all, it takes
       | _work_ to try to figure out if you're actually seeing the truth.
       | And it takes work to realize you're wrong about something and to
       | update your mental model of the world. Maybe accepting /sowing
       | bullshit is just easier.
       | 
       | If I'm trying to convince someone they're wrong about something,
       | the way I try to do it is to find a contradiction in their
       | position. I point out two things they believe that can't both be
       | true at the same time and then I let them trace out the
       | consequences on their own. But evidently for high bullshit
       | individuals, that might not work, since they might not see self-
       | contradictory ideas as a problem. How would you convince those
       | people of anything? I'm not sure.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | xivzgrev wrote:
       | "Evasive bullshitting" - that's a new term for me. I definitely
       | have done that. It's where the truth hurts, but you don't want to
       | "lie" so you base something in truth. But it's still lying, just
       | makes you feel better because if called on it, you have at least
       | some plausible deniability.
        
       | mirekrusin wrote:
       | It makes sense, one group doesn't know shit and the other does
       | and the rest is implied by it.
        
       | skybrian wrote:
       | The study is paywalled, but since it seems to based on surveys
       | I'll link to an article about why research based on surveys are
       | often bullshit:
       | 
       | https://carcinisation.com/2020/12/11/survey-chicken/
        
       | cyberlab wrote:
       | Worth a read:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandolini%27s_law
       | "The amount of energy needed to refute bullshit is an order of
       | magnitude larger than to produce it"
        
         | austincheney wrote:
         | It should be noted the high refute energy isn't due to the
         | error or poor logic of the argument in place. It is due to the
         | trust and faith placed in that argument no matter how faulty or
         | flawed that argument may be to third parties.
         | 
         | It's also why most people won't bother to entertain the stupid
         | unless convinced or positively influenced by it. For example
         | many people find the flat earth argument clearly absurd, but
         | they won't challenge a flat earther on this even with simple
         | obvious data points.
        
           | Cederfjard wrote:
           | Can't it be both? Surely it's more difficult to navigate your
           | way out of a convoluted, multi-layered false understanding
           | than an erroneous belief about a simple fact?
        
           | nkrisc wrote:
           | Precisely. Taking the flat earther example, if their able to
           | miss so many obvious data points (some they can observe
           | themselves with their own eyes!) then why would anything you
           | say convince them? Someone who is capable of being talked out
           | of believing bullshit is less likely to have falllen for it
           | in the first place.
        
             | jacobr1 wrote:
             | How many people could actually refute a flat earther? Or
             | does the average person believe in a globular earth because
             | "science" without detail or just because "everybody" knows
             | it to be true?
        
               | nkrisc wrote:
               | I've personally stood on the Michigan side of lake
               | michigan and seen only the tops of the skyscrapers in
               | Chicago while everything else was hidden behind the
               | horizon. My dad showed me on a trip to Michigan when I
               | was less than 10 and even then I understood the effect.
               | You can even see it yourself on a clear day of you get a
               | window seat on your next flight.
               | 
               | That's not even mentioning experiments you can do
               | yourself right here on the surface measuring shadows to
               | estimate the circumference.
        
               | Swenrekcah wrote:
               | At this point there are plenty of pictures of the earth,
               | other celestial bodies, airplanes going round the earth
               | and what not, so that anybody can see it and it doesn't
               | require any trigonometry or scientific knowledge. Of
               | course one might not have personally flown around the
               | earth or been part of an operation to take a picture from
               | space, but the same can be said about anything. For
               | instance how would you prove that your heart pumps blood?
               | Have you seen it personally?
        
               | nitrogen wrote:
               | All you have to do is gain a few hundred feet of
               | elevation on a hike and watch the horizon.
        
         | srean wrote:
         | Exactly. This makes fake news, propaganda etc a denial of
         | service attack enabled by freedom of speech. The freedom comes
         | at a cost.
        
           | cyberlab wrote:
           | https://xkcd.com/1357/
        
             | wruza wrote:
             | Then your employer sees the shitshow, fears the resonance
             | and things become more intimate than just cancelling the
             | show. Saying "oh, it's only true between you and the govt"
             | effectively revokes the claimed right in a society. As a
             | result, only those can speak freely who agree with a vocal
             | majoriry. But that just seems like an obvious default, not
             | a progressive achievement. Or is that wrong?
        
               | cyberlab wrote:
               | It seems that people mistakenly cry 'censorship!' when
               | most of the time cancel culture is really plain
               | moderation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderation
        
               | throwaway210222 wrote:
               | > most of the time cancel culture is really plain
               | moderation
               | 
               | Most moderation ends with people losing their jobs?
               | Really?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | That would make vigilante justice, lynch mobs, all the
               | way up to genocide examples of extreme "moderation". How
               | do you differentiate moderation that kills someone from
               | moderation that silences someone, kicks them out of their
               | community, and costs them their jobs? They differ only in
               | degree.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | It's pretty easy actually, noone gets murdered or maimed.
        
               | meowface wrote:
               | A free society necessarily must permit some degree of
               | what could be considered vigilantism - even if the
               | vigilantism is intended to restrict someone or something
               | else's freedom in some way. I'd call this the "meta-
               | paradox of tolerance".
               | 
               | The difference in degree you mention is the boundary
               | between legally (and sometimes morally) acceptable and
               | unacceptable forms of vigilantism.
        
           | covidthrow wrote:
           | This is one of the most scary insinuations I've read in a
           | while.
           | 
           | Careful, friend. This road does not lead where you think it
           | leads...
        
             | meowface wrote:
             | Pointing out that freedom comes at a cost doesn't
             | necessarily mean they want freedom to be reduced. The
             | principle is that the benefits almost always outweigh the
             | costs.
        
             | srean wrote:
             | Not entirely sure what you mean. Just in case you think so,
             | I am not arguing for curbs on free speech. Its just another
             | unhappy fact of life that freedom of speech by its very
             | nature opens itself up to DDOS. The protectors of free
             | speech have a much harder task on their hands than those
             | who want to exploit it.
        
           | Slartie wrote:
           | I would not say that it's freedom of speech that makes it a
           | DoS attack possibility. We've had freedom of speech for a
           | while without having disinformation going rampant, because
           | the distribution costs of bullshit were still about as large
           | as those of valid facts, so even if creating the bullshit was
           | cheaper than creating a rebuttal based on facts, the total
           | cost of creation plus distribution was roughly equal.
           | 
           | It's the modern (social) media environment and its inherent
           | ways of allocating attention that creates the extreme
           | asymmetry in distribution costs, where it's now cheaper than
           | ever to distribute attention-grabbing bullshit, but still
           | pretty expensive to distribute comparatively-boring facts.
        
             | User23 wrote:
             | > We've had freedom of speech for a while without having
             | disinformation going rampant
             | 
             | I'm confident that if you look at archived US publications
             | going back to before the revolution you'll find rampant
             | "misinformation" the whole time.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | covidthrow wrote:
               | I'm confident that speculation--no matter how well-
               | intentioned--is a form of misinformation.
        
               | User23 wrote:
               | In case it wasn't clear that wasn't the rhetorical "you"
               | as in "one," but rather a suggestion that parent
               | personally ought to spend some time learning about 17th,
               | 18th, and 19th century publications by actually reading
               | them and seeing how fast and loose they played with the
               | truth to achieve desired political and economic goals.
        
         | cosmodisk wrote:
         | As in 'let's spread a rumour that he shagged a pig! But who
         | will believe this nonsense? It doesn't matter,but it will fun
         | to see how they'll refute it!'.
        
           | jjgreen wrote:
           | Badly, it seems https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piggate
        
             | gweinberg wrote:
             | That's a relatively recent incarnation of a much older
             | story. As I recall in one of Hunter S Thompson's books he
             | accuses LBJ (or possibly Nixon, it's a long time since I
             | read it) of spreading rumors one of his political enemies
             | fucked pigs. Whichever dead president it was was quoted as
             | saying, "I know it's not true, I just want to make th son
             | of a bitch deny it".
        
               | cosmodisk wrote:
               | What's interesting with this approach that it doesn't
               | even take that much effort once the seed of doubt is
               | planted. I remember back in the day,I was attending this
               | party and after having a few beers,I started looking for
               | some entertainment. My eyes stumbled upon a CD case 'Eros
               | Ramazzotti'. I exclaimed, and told to one of the the
               | friends who was standing close enough that it's a cheap
               | knock-off. 'How would you know', he asks? Well, for
               | starters, the name is written incorrectly. It's correct,
               | I'm a fan of his music and have multiple CDs, it's
               | definitely like this. Nope it's not, it's 'Razamotti'. He
               | gets puzzled.. then a few others join, including the
               | owner of the place. Fast forward 10 min or so and I've
               | already convinced some of them. Others start
               | 'remembering' and even supporting my claim. Eventually I
               | tell everyone I'm just winding them up,but people were
               | very surprised how quickly they started to doubt their
               | knowledge.
        
         | ranit wrote:
         | Yes, it is like cleaning an oil spill.
        
           | koolba wrote:
           | It's a natural extension of entropy only being created, and
           | never destroyed.
        
         | bryanrasmussen wrote:
         | I never shall forget the alacrity with which Johnson answered,
         | striking his foot with mighty force against a large stone, till
         | he rebounded from it, 'I refute it thus.'
         | 
         | -- James Boswell, The Life of Samuel Johnson
        
           | chris_wot wrote:
           | As an aside, Boswell also noted that James Grainger removed
           | the line "Come muse, let us sing if rats" in his poem _The
           | Sugar Cane_ because he discovered that when he uttered these
           | words his audience dissolved into laughter.
        
         | current123123 wrote:
         | What kind of social engineering did this guy do to get a
         | wikipedia page and a whole "law" after his name so people can
         | quote it forever.
         | 
         | We've had proverbs for millennia about this. But no, let's use
         | a silly Italian name to make it sound academic or something.
        
           | cyberlab wrote:
           | No social engineering was needed I suppose. This image:
           | https://truth-sandwich.com/wp-
           | content/uploads/2019/02/ziobra... done the rounds on social
           | media for a while and someone mustered up the courage to
           | create a Wikipedia article about it. It's basically an
           | Internet meme, not really a law. I use the image sometimes in
           | heated debates where two people throw peer reviewed academic
           | 'links' at each other for hours to prove their point(s).
        
           | albertgoeswoof wrote:
           | You'll need to spend order of magnitude more energy refuting
           | this page to make a difference here I'm afraid
        
           | ithkuil wrote:
           | Please share a few of those proverbs, possibly some with nice
           | anglo-saxon words in them, least we get overwhelmed by too
           | much latinate pomposity
        
             | cyberlab wrote:
             | https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/bullshit
        
               | cyberlab wrote:
               | My favorite:
               | 
               | > "Apparently people don't like the truth, but I do like
               | it; I like it because it upsets a lot of people. If you
               | show them enough times that their arguments are bullshit,
               | then maybe just once, one of them will say, 'Oh! Wait a
               | minute - I was wrong.' I live for that happening. Rare, I
               | assure you" -- Lemmy Kilmister
        
             | ithkuil wrote:
             | EDIT: /s
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | Sometimes when reading comments below articles (about
         | vaccination for instance) I wonder if it would be more
         | effective to stoop down to the anti-vaxxers level instead of
         | trying to refute their claims. Just pump out loads of
         | exaggerated pro-vaxx stuff.
        
           | toto444 wrote:
           | That's clever but there is one reason I think this would not
           | work. Most pro-vaxx don't (and don't want to) spend their
           | entire days thinking about why they are pro-vaxx. Being anti-
           | vaxxer is a lifestyle.
        
           | lou1306 wrote:
           | Sadly, antivaxxers _already_ believe that scientific findings
           | are  "exaggerated pro-vaxx stuff".
        
             | darkerside wrote:
             | Which is exactly why this would probably work. It's all
             | bullshit on both sides (in their view), so it might as well
             | be balanced bullshit. Right now, the bullshit evidence
             | points to potential for horrific outcomes, not worth it!
             | 
             | I think a similar dynamic is behind Trump's rise to power.
             | First you confuse the people, them you can tell them what
             | to think.
        
           | EverydayBalloon wrote:
           | Labelling people "anti-vaxxers" because they don't want to
           | become beta testers for a new vaccine technology that's only
           | been tested for a fraction of the time as normal vaccines is
           | some first class bullshitting. Bravo!
        
           | AzzieElbab wrote:
           | Every anti-vaxxer I came across had a history involving their
           | kids reaction to vaccines. You may call them bullshitters all
           | you want, but they are incredibly more motivated than you
           | given above mentioned history.
        
             | eloisius wrote:
             | Every one of them had a history of their kids having an
             | adverse reaction to vaccines, you mean? That's quite a
             | different circle than I've swam in. The anti-vaxxers I've
             | known all adopt their beliefs based on some quasi-
             | religious, libertarian, self-sufficiency ideology and
             | indeed have withheld vaccines from their children.
             | 
             | Whenever I argued with them they would invariably claim to
             | be familiar with hundred of peer-reviewed papers
             | demonstrating the dangers. When pressed on the issue, one
             | of them finally did dig up this trove of papers for me.
             | Because I'm an idiot, I actually did carefully review and
             | refute them, so I can say from personal experience that the
             | "orders of magnitude" adage is pretty true. Of course,
             | after admitting that maybe these papers weren't the best
             | materials to prove his point, he decided to pivot to
             | another website that would surely contain all the "proof" I
             | need. There is no arguing. They have a heap of bullshit and
             | don't intend to make their beliefs based on critical
             | analysis.
             | 
             | If you're curious about how I wasted several evenings
             | reading anti-vax papers you can read my analysis here [1].
             | It's almost invariably about a disproven link between
             | thimerosal and autism spectrum disorder or random non-
             | scientists hucksters trying to sell crystal healing powers
             | or some horse shit.
             | 
             | [1]: https://docs.google.com/document/d/19IFB_2dzq6Gb5z6igj
             | sIEFMh...
        
               | cgriswald wrote:
               | What is the libertarian argument against vaccination?
        
               | andrewflnr wrote:
               | That you should not be legally required to vaccinate. I
               | suspect this to be a smokescreen for the usual nonsense
               | but, apropos of OP, they may believe it's their real
               | reason.
        
               | AzzieElbab wrote:
               | I did not say everyone of them, I said everyone that I
               | personally came across. I do not swim in antivaxxers. Are
               | we testing our bs powers?
        
               | eloisius wrote:
               | When I said "every one of _them_" I was referring to
               | every one of them that you have met. Not implying that
               | you meant all of them in existence. I'm surprised by your
               | experience, because growing up in an Evangelical
               | community in the south anti-vaxxers were a dime a dozen,
               | but I've never met anyone whose children were harmed by
               | vaccines.
        
               | jacobr1 wrote:
               | Possible a timing/age issue. When I first encountered the
               | antivaxers, it was in the late 90s with parents of
               | children on the autistic spectrum grasping at whatever
               | cause they could. Now it is pretty much just the kind of
               | people that are attracted to ideas like climate
               | skepticism or crystal healing. And they all have a
               | bogeyman like evil corporations or the government.
        
               | AzzieElbab wrote:
               | That is exactly it.
        
               | AzzieElbab wrote:
               | Oh interesting. I don't know many religious people. I
               | grew up in the USSR.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Much of the former USSR is the domain of superstitious
               | and religious. Antivaxx is also mainstream there.
        
               | AzzieElbab wrote:
               | Maybe, but back then we never even thought about it. Some
               | shots we have taken actually leave scars.
        
               | dennis_jeeves wrote:
               | eloisius, I applaud you for your efforts. You certainly
               | appear to have done it sincerely. ( I had a cursory
               | glance at the doc you put)
               | 
               | But there is a fundamental problem, you are looking at
               | numbers gleaned from 'studies' and IMHO mostly they revel
               | nothing unless the study was done carefully,
               | intelligently and with integrity. All these traits are
               | missing at large in the scientific community. A broken
               | clock is correct twice a day. Also factor in politics,
               | something which I did not early on, most of us with a
               | technical bent of mind are naively un-aware of this.
               | 
               | Regarding autism + vaccines, I never looked into it. But
               | I have looked at (and mostly listened to people who I
               | think are credible have dug up numbers from the CDC
               | website) and my conclusion is that for most part they are
               | generally useless, perhaps 1 or 2 vaccines out of the 30
               | or so are truly effective. There are also instances of
               | clear harm where populations what were vaccinated fell
               | ill and the ones that we not vaccinated did not fall ill.
               | Finally anecdotally, the people who most certainly get
               | the flu are the ones that were vaccinated. Ofcourse
               | people will dismiss that by saying anecdotes are not
               | data.
               | 
               | Where ever a vaccine did appear to have succeeded, there
               | were other factors in play. A clear case of (well-
               | intentioned) people who drink their own kool-aid believe
               | that their efforts are paid off.
        
               | eloisius wrote:
               | I reread what you posted a couple of times, and I still
               | have no idea what your point is. Vaccines are or are not
               | harmful? If they are harmful, would you assert any
               | specific claims and provide evidence please?
        
               | dennis_jeeves wrote:
               | Well, the burden is proof is on the vaccine to show that
               | is near completely safe and that it is clearly providing
               | a benefit, isn't it? ( not the other way round where the
               | burden of proof is put on someone to prove that it not
               | harmful).
               | 
               | The point that I'm trying to make is this - to the extent
               | I have looked I see no clear benefit, and in some cases
               | there appears to be a clear harm. So why bother taking
               | it?
               | 
               | >Vaccines are or are not harmful?
               | 
               | My guess - only one 1 or 2 are effective, rest are either
               | useless or harmful. These are ball park figures based on
               | fair amount of reading/listening, I could be wrong. But
               | it begs the question, why should it be so hard to see
               | clear benefits? One has only so much time to investigate
               | these things, I did it years back and have moved on. My
               | default today is to mistrust anything that medicine has
               | to offer. ( it used to be the other way round)
               | 
               | Also don't forget to look at the drugs Thalidomide and
               | Vioxx - should give you a glimpse of the how murky the
               | industry is. These are IMO not isolated incidents. That
               | should at least tip you off in the right direction.
               | 
               | Last, but not the least - if a vaccine has clear benefits
               | ( based on broader set of parameters that I would
               | consider) , I would take it, who in their right mind does
               | not want to protect their health?
        
               | jariel wrote:
               | " to the extent I have looked I see no clear benefit"
               | 
               | The elimination/near elmination of polio? rubella?
               | measles? Soon COVID? Etc..
               | 
               | " the burden is proof is on the vaccine to show that is
               | near completely safe"
               | 
               | They do.
               | 
               | "My guess - only one 1 or 2 are effective, rest are
               | either useless or harmful ... I could be wrong."
               | 
               | Yes, completely wrong.
               | 
               | "don't forget to look at the drugs Thalidomide ..."
               | 
               | There are thousands upon thousands of drugs. Some are
               | going to fail, many will be misrepresented. Like
               | everything in life. It doesn't mean they don't work.
               | 
               | "My default today is to mistrust anything that medicine
               | has to offer."
               | 
               | This is irrationally conspiratorial, indicative of a
               | broader problem.
               | 
               | "who in their right mind does not want to protect their
               | health?"
               | 
               | The above statements are not so 'right of mind'
               | unfortunately.
               | 
               | There are no Lizard People trying to control us, and most
               | of the people in non-political power are doing their jobs
               | reasonably on some level. There are some systematic
               | failures (i.e. Walmart over-subscribing oxycontin) but
               | most of us are not surprised when that happens.
               | 
               | Approved vaccines are overwhelmingly more effective than
               | they are detrimental, i.e. the 'balance of outcomes' is
               | monumentally positive.
        
               | dennis_jeeves wrote:
               | >The elimination/near elimination of polio? rubella?
               | measles? Soon COVID? Etc..
               | 
               | All of them have alternative explanations not found in
               | mainstream media. ( and no I won't put forth the material
               | for you. You will have to look for it)
               | 
               | >>"My guess - only one 1 or 2 are effective, rest are
               | either useless or harmful ... I could be wrong."
               | 
               | >Yes, completely wrong.
               | 
               | So I presume you looked/read at many of these vaccines
               | closely, way beyond what is found is mainstream media?
               | 
               | >most of the people in non-political power are doing
               | their jobs reasonably on some level.
               | 
               | This is where I have changed my mind over the years.
               | People may be sincere but not competent.
        
               | meowface wrote:
               | Out of curiosity, do you believe in anything publicly
               | considered a "conspiracy theory"? (For example, "9/11 was
               | an inside job", "Holocaust wasn't real/deaths were
               | unintentional due to disease", "Sandy Hook shooting
               | wasn't real", " COVID-19 isn't real/isn't nearly as
               | dangerous as reported", "US politicians rape and murder
               | children in Satanic rituals".)
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | User23 wrote:
           | I imagine that in order to be an anti-vaxxer and not crumble
           | under the crushing weight of cognitive dissonance one would
           | have to believe that claims about the benefits of vaccines
           | already are loads of exaggerated pro-vaxx stuff that has been
           | pumped out by (Big Pharma|The
           | Government|Russians|Illuminati|Lizard People|Whatever other
           | crazy thing).
        
       | roland35 wrote:
       | There is nothing more frustrating than dealing with a BSer.
       | Unfortunately I have found that a lot of effective BSers are
       | actually pretty smart which makes sense since they tend to have
       | some credentials to back up their arguments.
       | 
       | The other hard part about dealing with BSers at work is that
       | oftentimes they are saying the types of things management wants
       | to hear, ie "yes of course our team can build an entire hardware
       | product in 8 months, it's easy!".
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | karmakaze wrote:
       | I might believe it more if I was given access to their surveys
       | and data.
        
       | PragmaticPulp wrote:
       | > The results were clear: while those who scored highly for
       | evasive bullshitting were also better at distinguishing between
       | the genuinely profound and the pseudo-profound statements, the
       | high persuasive bullshitters were poor at this. "Put another way,
       | high persuasive bullshitters appear to interpret/mistake
       | superficial profoundness as a signal of actual profoundness," the
       | team explains.
       | 
       | Interesting way of breaking down the categories. In my
       | experience, the persuasive bullshitters might not even understand
       | that they're bullshitting. That is, they drink their own kool-
       | aid, and therefore the line between their pseudo-profundity and
       | reality starts to disappear.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | > In my experience, the persuasive bullshitters might not even
         | understand that they're bullshitting. That is, they drink their
         | own kool-aid, and therefore the line between their pseudo-
         | profundity and reality starts to disappear.
         | 
         | This is the essence of Dunning-Kruger, in my experience. Very
         | good point.
        
         | mannykannot wrote:
         | I suspect we are dealing with two populations here: those who
         | think bullshit is a valid mode of argumentation, and those who
         | know it is not, but use it anyway. Those in the latter category
         | know that their bullshit can be called, so they are only likely
         | to use it when they are fairly confident that it will not be
         | recognized as such by their target audience, or when they
         | consider the stakes justify the risk.
         | 
         | Politicians and political commentators, trial lawyers and PR
         | flacks come to mind.
        
           | fuzzfactor wrote:
           | All Caca del Toro to me.
        
           | k__ wrote:
           | That's the difference between sociopaths and clueless, I
           | think
        
             | mannykannot wrote:
             | As a confirmed loser, I appreciate the corollary!
        
             | nandhinianand wrote:
             | As someone oscillating between loser and clueless, I
             | appreciate the reference..
        
         | mabbo wrote:
         | But the study accounted for that by having people self assess
         | how often they would persuasively bullshit and evasively
         | bullshit.
        
           | hntrader wrote:
           | Might not a bullshitter bullshit the bullshit-assessment?
        
           | coldtea wrote:
           | Self-assessment being nearly useless for such a purpose
        
         | jgtrosh wrote:
         | > In my experience, the persuasive bullshitters might not even
         | understand that they're bullshitting.
         | 
         | But if so, it seems disingenuous to call it "bullshitting",
         | since that word caries the negative connotation of purposeful
         | deceit, and not of simple wrongbeing. The latter can be
         | considered either neutral or also negative, but strictly less
         | so if you desire truthfulness.
        
         | tjpnz wrote:
         | >That is, they drink their own kool-aid, and therefore the line
         | between their pseudo-profundity and reality starts to
         | disappear.
         | 
         | Largely helped by a society that would deem it too impolite to
         | challenge them on it.
        
           | marmaduke wrote:
           | There's a cost to challenging people. It's not about
           | politeness (for me) rather that I simply expect net negative
           | for challenging BS so only do it when job or family obliges.
        
           | danaliv wrote:
           | I'll note that the researchers found this category to have
           | "less insight into their own thoughts, feelings and
           | behaviours," which is absolutely not the description of a
           | person who is capable of receiving feedback.
        
           | dennis_jeeves wrote:
           | >>>That is, they drink their own kool-aid, and therefore the
           | line between their pseudo-profundity and reality starts to
           | disappear.
           | 
           | >Largely helped by a society that would deem it too impolite
           | to challenge them on it.
           | 
           | Actually no. People who drink their own kool-aid generally
           | speak with enormous conviction. Society largely has
           | individuals that cannot access the substance of what is being
           | said, however commitment/conviction ( how ever misplaced)
           | come across very clearly and that is valued.
           | 
           | My thoughts are that is people like these who aid evil to
           | thrive. Like the say, the road to hell is paved with good
           | intentions.
        
           | bilbo0s wrote:
           | It's worse than that, because the society drinks their kool-
           | aid too. They don't think it's impolite, they heard the
           | challenges, and decided the BSer's idea was best.
           | 
           | Like the buzzword guru that convinces everyone on your team
           | that a javascript server can handle all the requirements of,
           | say, a game streaming server. You can present evidence of the
           | superiority of C++, Java, and Rust until you're blue in the
           | face, but you don't have the gift of gab.
           | 
           | If you're a persuasive BSer, you can go far in life.
        
             | tjpnz wrote:
             | I've been faced with a similar situation and my objections
             | were proven right when we went to production. The most
             | galling aspect of the experience was that it meant
             | absolutely nothing. Nothing was fixed and the people who
             | mattered just continued to drink the kool aid. The
             | individual responsible received accolades while the team
             | lost sleep fire fighting the dumpster fire he started.
             | These people are running rampant in the industry and trying
             | to counter their bullshit does absolutely nothing, more
             | often than not it can inflict real damage on one's own
             | career.
        
         | playingchanges wrote:
         | In my experience all true bullshitters drink their own brew.
         | What came first the self or external delusion?
        
         | failrate wrote:
         | I've seen this in action: someone bullshitting in a group until
         | they believe their own bullshit.
        
         | austincheney wrote:
         | That is my experience as well. The people who lie so much, so
         | compulsively to the point of a narcissistic personality
         | disorder, drink their own kool-aid. They are manipulating
         | themselves with the stupid as much as everybody else they lie
         | to. Perhaps this is due to a combination of frequent life
         | failures, low confidence, and low ability of critical
         | examination. That low ability of critical examination that
         | permits the self delusion also opens them to undue manipulation
         | from others.
        
           | mpol wrote:
           | > Perhaps this is due to a combination of frequent life
           | failures, low confidence, and low ability of critical
           | examination.
           | 
           | Ah, nice combination :) Purely anecdotal, I once had very low
           | confidence, but could be very critical to myself. This broke
           | me down quite bad, this was not a good combination. Only
           | after 30 I would learn to not be so negative in my criticism,
           | but be more nice to myself, and I thought I had learned a
           | lot. Just the last few years I learned to just observe
           | situations and myself, and not judge so much, not negative
           | and not positive. Just like I learned from meditation.
           | 
           | I can imagine when having low confidence, it might be so much
           | easier to avoid being critical to yourself. Ofcourse you
           | might then also learn to avoid observing yourself, it feels
           | almost the same. So then you are stuck in some path where you
           | might never get out, you just keep on doing what you did.
        
           | specialist wrote:
           | How you talk changes how you think.
           | 
           | The scary part: Most won't remember the change.
        
             | vsareto wrote:
             | I guess, but that seems weird because then it'd be your
             | brain wanting to change how it thinks itself through speech
        
           | EGreg wrote:
           | To all the company founders here... sometimes the difference
           | between bullshit and amazing prescience is just success.
           | 
           | I don't mean lying about the data when communicating, but
           | prioritizing some signals while downplaying, dismissing or
           | overriding many others. Did pg says founders need to be
           | somewhat delusional or they'd give up?
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | The two may be related. I think it's hard to convincingly
           | bullshit yourself - your brain knows what you're doing. But
           | if you successfully bullshit other people, some of them will
           | start to reflect your bullshit back at you - providing
           | external validation for it. At some point your brain may
           | forget that the only reason people around you believe
           | something is because you tricked them into it, and you start
           | truly believing it yourself.
        
             | austincheney wrote:
             | > I think it's hard to convincingly bullshit yourself
             | 
             | That is entirely dependent upon the personality and goal of
             | a given person.
             | 
             | For some people the brain knows what it wants to know, such
             | as selective data necessary for group conformance. For some
             | other people the brain knows only what it sees and hears.
             | For some different people will doubt what they see and hear
             | until after several iterations as to meld conflicting
             | reports.
             | 
             | There is a common expression for people who commonly and
             | easily lie to themselves: _Talking a big game_. In that
             | case everybody knows its bullshit except for the person
             | talking.
        
             | lukeasrodgers wrote:
             | An argument of Elephant in the Brain
             | (https://www.elephantinthebrain.com/) is that a key
             | component of bullshitting others (paraphrasing, somewhat)
             | is that you must also bullshit yourself, in order to be
             | convincing.
        
             | nitrogen wrote:
             | This is used in various belief systems to instill and
             | reinforce deeply held beliefs in the absence of any
             | evidence apart from the manufactured social proof. If one
             | is experiencing doubts, they are told to try telling others
             | that what they doubt is actually true. One example of the
             | phrasing that might be used: "You have to share your
             | testimony to strengthen it."
             | 
             | No doubt the technique of manufacturing consent through
             | reflected BS is pervasive elsewhere too, in marketing,
             | politics, etc.
        
       | AZ-X wrote:
       | The team notes.'The team found. The team wondered.' The team
       | explains.How wonderful the team is.
        
       | Ekaros wrote:
       | I might even go to say that persuasive bullshitters have
       | something to gain from believing and taking in and joining the
       | other persuasive bullshit. There is likely also lot of group
       | dynamics in play here.
       | 
       | While evasive bullshit and outright lying is much more goal
       | driven cover oneself and others bullshit is likely be harmful...
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | > I might even go to say that persuasive bullshitters have
         | something to gain from believing and taking in and joining the
         | other persuasive bullshit.
         | 
         | To bring the conversation closer to what's usually on this
         | website, AI in cars has been a bullshit discourse for at least
         | five years now (since I've started to more closely follow the
         | conversation), and what you're saying is correct, many of the
         | people that spat out said bullshit had direct financial gains
         | from it via investors' money who wanted to trust that bullshit.
        
         | Teever wrote:
         | "People are full of shit man, really. But I don't mind people
         | being full of shit I just don't like when people bring their
         | full of shitness to me, right? And try to make me feel
         | uncomfortable about how I'm full of shit to make me full of
         | shit like them so that they feel more comfortable about how
         | full of shit they are. you understand what I'm saying? I didn't
         | really understand it myself but I know someone understood what
         | I'm talking about." -- Patrice O'Neal
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | magwa101 wrote:
       | Liars are susceptible to lies, recent activity in the US proves
       | this out.
        
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