[HN Gopher] Tech posers of the Bauhaus
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       Tech posers of the Bauhaus
        
       Author : amicoleo
       Score  : 78 points
       Date   : 2021-03-06 10:29 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.orgonomyproductions.info)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.orgonomyproductions.info)
        
       | minitoar wrote:
       | Is there a Bauhaus software shop? Seems like such an idyllic
       | approach to life.
        
       | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
       | >It's also because of that school and their influence on art
       | education that we can enjoy things designed by people with an
       | artistic sensibility. Rather than only having things designed by
       | engineers.
       | 
       | So _that 's_ who to blame for my Macbook running so hot!
       | 
       | I intensely dislike the fact that all modern machines look the
       | same. All cars look the same. All computers look the same. All
       | gadgets look the same. We'd be better off if we fired every
       | designer and gave creative control to a team of engineers and
       | six-year-olds. They wouldn't know what they're doing, but at
       | least they wouldn't chase trends and churn out dozens of
       | identical designs.
        
       | brudgers wrote:
       | Look around you.
       | 
       | The Bauhaus is everywhere.
       | 
       | Fuller nowhere.
       | 
       | Because the Bauhaus made stuff and Fuller had theories, and while
       | fuller was stuck on domes the children of the Bauhaus were making
       | hyperboloids.
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_hyperboloid_structures
       | 
       | Fuller mostly made arguments instead of changing the world.
       | 
       | The Dymaxion house is great if you have a helicopter and need to
       | store triangles and don't mind the curves at the corner.
       | 
       | The geodesic dome house only sounds like a good idea if you
       | ignore the idea of living in a building. At some point even
       | stoned hippies return to lucidity.
       | 
       | His ideas were different in large part because they weren't very
       | good and their best part was their conventionality...yurts and
       | domes have been around for thousands of years.
       | 
       | Fuller was a clever engineer.
       | 
       | Clever engineering isn't usually an end in itself.
       | 
       | The Bauhaus wasn't tech posers.
       | 
       | It was artistic posers.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Bauhaus wasn 't tech posers. It was artistic posers._
         | 
         | I get this is meant to be pithy, but the Bauhaus was pioneering
         | in several aspects of the arts as well.
        
           | brudgers wrote:
           | Posture is gesture. Gesture is both necessary and sufficient
           | for art.
           | 
           | Part the reason the article is rubbish is denigrating art for
           | engineering. Preference of Fuller's posture and celebration
           | of its minimal impact as evidence of its importance.
           | 
           | To critique the argument by pointing to Kandinsky can't sell.
           | The article is premised on dismissing Kandinsky outright.
           | 
           | Anyway post Warhol posing is known to be an essential
           | component of artists. It's just explicit now.
        
       | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
       | hard to make in mass production? I think Ikea doesn't agree with
       | that (i think Ikea designs are often inspired by Bauhaus, at
       | least that is what they say here:
       | https://injarch.com/archives/9326 )
        
         | frostburg wrote:
         | Ikea products at times are similarly styled but actual Bauhaus
         | furniture used very high quality materials.
         | 
         | In a room I have dreadful Ikea bookshelves (a temporary measure
         | to store books while looking for a better solution) next to a
         | pair of original Wagenfeld table lamps. The difference is
         | craftmanship is stark.
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | Indeed, the arts-and-crafts style furniture that my parents
           | bought when they got married is still in use today, with
           | minor repairs and some refinishing. The Ikea-style furniture
           | that they also bought (veneered particle board) is gone.
        
           | ahartmetz wrote:
           | Ikea's thing is good design and quality for the price. They
           | have more expensive higher quality products as well. They
           | don't have every quality in every category, though. And their
           | products mostly don't have stupid flaws, they have been
           | torture tested.
           | 
           | Try buying (aesthetically) well-designed furniture at !Ikea,
           | it will start at 2-3x the price and you have to go higher to
           | get really good build quality.
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | Hard to make in injection, press, lost-wax, lithography, or 3D
         | print processes, perhaps.
         | 
         | Basic geometric shapes with matte surface and least mount of
         | edges are ideal for lathe and mill works, while being basically
         | torture tests for the rest.
        
       | swayvil wrote:
       | There's a coldness in technology.
       | 
       | Employing a complex machine is a merely intellectual process, all
       | else mediated by the machine. Like having sex by remote control.
       | 
       | Otoh, a physical craft is a conversation in multiple dimensions.
       | Thought being just one small component.
       | 
       | Given that coldness and limitation, you can understand why some
       | artists would eschew technology.
        
         | ahartmetz wrote:
         | I have visited the Bahaus in Dessau. The place feels human,
         | calm and relaxing. Lesser imitations (and, sadly, some later
         | works for hire by the same people) copied superficial aspects
         | and produced something that feels cold and inhuman.
        
       | de6u99er wrote:
       | "Form follows function" is my takeaway from Bauhaus.
        
         | ahartmetz wrote:
         | Well, they made it look nice, too!
         | 
         | There is a beauty in Bauhaus products that is the result of
         | careful consideration (and probably experimentation) of how
         | exactly the basic functional shapes are used - colors,
         | proportions, placement etc. I'm a total layman though, just a
         | fan of Bauhaus design.
        
           | ibn_khaldun wrote:
           | I too am a layman in this area, but from what I've gathered
           | is that the designers of Bauhaus and similar European design
           | movements of the 1900s is they took design and all of its
           | elements _very_ seriously.  "Good design" was an expression
           | of a well thought out approach to the message at hand and was
           | a reflection of a society that ought to be well-groomed
           | themselves (i.e. intellectually, morally, all those sort of
           | qualities).
           | 
           | Intense stuff, mate.
        
       | xtiansimon wrote:
       | Meh. Design is messy. Moholy-Nage was a polyglot. To point out
       | that Moholy-Nage, who is a profound 2-d visionary, was a crap
       | industrial designer is like saying Michael Jordan was just OK at
       | baseball. Historically the Bauhaus was an inflection point.
       | Followed later by Ulm and other design programs who have
       | exhaustively documented their pedagogy . If this tradition only
       | ever produced Johnny Ive then I'm happy with that.
        
       | ibn_khaldun wrote:
       | I appreciate and benefit from whenever a good design story is
       | posted on HN and would like to implore anyone with access to them
       | to share them more often or at least encourage readers to amplify
       | the stories that are already being shared that I might be missing
       | out on.
        
       | twelvechairs wrote:
       | There's a good point in here poorly made.
       | 
       | The good point is about artists and designers looking to
       | technology to drive their inspiration but ultimately mostly just
       | peddling a style. Which you can see in the tech world today.
       | 
       | Its poorly made because they try to make the Bauhaus look unique
       | in this regard when it happened before (e.g. the Werkbund, the
       | Arts and Craft movement, etc.) and after in many other places;
       | and also it treats the Bauhaus's complex and nuanced history and
       | operation only with sweeping statements (it even more or less
       | conflates Gropius, 'the Bauhaus' and the International Style)
        
       | pacaro wrote:
       | Maybe I'm being picky, but I think that the author means _poseur_
       | when they are saying _poser_
        
       | analog31 wrote:
       | When the article talks about manufacturability, I wonder what was
       | the actual state of German manufacturing in 1925, or worldwide
       | for that matter. What we think of as modern manufacturing
       | developed much later, and its epicenter has moved from country to
       | country -- America, Japan, China, etc.
       | 
       | Still, the point remains that the artists did not always dream up
       | practical designs. Buckminster Fuller wasn't exactly an engineer
       | -- I don't think he had a degree. In my own neck of the woods, we
       | have the movement surrounding Frank Lloyd Wright. I've been in a
       | few of his buildings, and they are maintenance nightmares.
        
         | pgcudahy wrote:
         | I would think of Henry Ford and the assembly line just prior to
         | this period as the birth of modern manufacturing. Moving from
         | artisans doing most or all of the work on an item to
         | individuals repeating one process repeatedly as the product
         | moves down an assembly line. So I think it was a very relevant
         | question for the period of how designers could adapt to it. The
         | article just claims they didn't really have any experience with
         | these new methods.
        
       | wirrbel wrote:
       | I cannot provide references (and don't really feel obliged to
       | research them now), but I think this is a misrepresentation of
       | bauhaus.
       | 
       | Bauhaus as a school for design was inherently technical with
       | Werkstatten (workshops) where craftsmen taught the basics in
       | woodworking, and other crafts. In that, Bauhaus continued the
       | Arts&Crafts movement (or the respective German edition of that
       | movement) while applying a 'simplified' visual language.
       | 
       | Of course a Bauhaus alumnus or a Bauhaus teacher wouldn't reach
       | the technical skills of a "Meister" in the crafts, but the
       | connection certainly ran deep.
        
         | amicoleo wrote:
         | Yes you're absolutely right that Bauhaus as a school was
         | technical and a continuation of the Arts & Craft education. As
         | you say though, their technical knowledge was around
         | craftsmanship, and not in design for manufacturing (like we
         | would refer to now).
         | 
         | The key example referred in the article is on a metal-working
         | course taught by Moholy-Nagy. Students would handmade
         | prototypes based on assumptions of what would be easier to
         | mass-manufacture (like using basic shapes such as cylinders of
         | spheres). But in fact products with those shapes were actually
         | hard to make industrially.
        
           | eternalban wrote:
           | > a metal-working course taught by Moholy-Nagy. Students
           | would handmade prototypes based on assumptions of what would
           | be easier to mass-manufacture (like using basic shapes such
           | as cylinders of spheres). But in fact products with those
           | shapes were actually hard to make industrially.
           | 
           | This was cause for a good laugh, though that likely wasn't
           | your intention. But hear me out.
           | 
           | What doesn't seem to be mentioned is that Bauhuas was a
           | leftist school. Moholy-Nagy is being your typical Marxist
           | teaching a class on industrial products without having ever
           | even stepping foot in a factory, much less knowing the state
           | of industrial manufacturing.
           | 
           | Poser of tech? Well, in a way, Bauhaus was investigating the
           | _aesthetics_ of Modernity and industrial society. The
           | disregard for actual manufacturing realities is entirely in
           | line with disregarding human psychology when proscribing
           | utopian authoritarian societies. It is a mindset and it
           | should be added, symptomatic of their conceit.
        
             | ibn_khaldun wrote:
             | Your tone detracts from the intrigue of this comment I for
             | one, have no problem with it at all. I only bring it up to
             | make an accessory complaint about how the bland enforcement
             | of "civility" online can stifle people who express
             | themselves in a certain way. You could've easily
             | disregarded the first two lines of your comment and began
             | with the "Poser of tech?" line, but without, it's just
             | mundane input void of any association with a human being
             | that actually _feels_ something about the topic at hand
             | instead of just having a thought about it.
             | 
             | Anyway, I loved your critique. With all of this being said,
             | from at least a visual perspective, how do you feel about
             | the work inspired by Bauhaus? What sort of design do you
             | feel appreciates the human psychology of the
             | issues/environment it intends to involve itself with?
        
               | eternalban wrote:
               | Products of political design schools, by key practioners,
               | are generally good, usually strong design. The
               | ideological framing certain can help in guiding design,
               | providing continuity (even if the "narrative fact" is
               | imaginal).
               | 
               | I generally disregard the narrative attached to design -
               | went to arch school so am entirely jaded about that
               | aspect of design. So I love Sant'Elia but have a few
               | issues with the Manifesto; love some Italian Fascist
               | buildings (they're gorgeous) but am not a fan of Duce;
               | same goes for Bauhaus: quite a few gems came out of
               | Bauhaus, but as you noted I did not hide my disdain for
               | that 'wing' of the orthodox binary political spectrum.
               | 
               | Two dyads that have been adopted fairly generally as
               | central to design for modern humanity are: individual vs.
               | collective, and, man and nature.
               | 
               | The architects that I admire started from the I|C
               | paradigm and ended up in M|N.
               | 
               | The former has an unfortunate tendency to be subsumed by
               | a political reading of the question: what is the order
               | and nature of the relationship between the individual and
               | the collective. This dyad has proved to be a disaster,
               | for example, in psuedo (poser) Marxist/Socialist
               | approaches to mass housing, and is in no small part
               | responsible for the distasteful Post-Modernism that
               | followed in reaction.
               | 
               | So design research in Man | Nature dyad. That is my
               | personal direction and what I think (obviously :) is the
               | appropriate venue of further efforts. (Why: The question
               | of unit-collective is in fact embedded in that dyad. So
               | is the quite topically urgent question of Man | Machine.)
        
             | amicoleo wrote:
             | Could you elaborate on why you think teachers in the
             | Bauhaus were Marxist?
             | 
             | I don't know about Moholy-Nagy specifically, but the
             | founder Gropius tried many times to collaborate with
             | industrialists to get Bauhaus objects to be produced
             | (sometimes successfully) and his most famous architecture
             | project was the Fagus factory. I really didn't see any
             | Marxism in his ideas...
        
               | eternalban wrote:
               | I didn't say all of them. Utopian Left, is that better?
               | [see p.s.]
               | 
               | This is a very good read and answers your questions far
               | better than I could:
               | 
               |  _International Communist Current: Success and failure of
               | the Bauhaus (2012)_ :
               | 
               | https://en.internationalism.org/icconline/201207/5066/suc
               | ces...
               | 
               | p.s. Actually we can answer that question based on the
               | topic.
               | 
               | Bauhaus was inventing forms for industrial production.
               | This means using machines with the inevitable reduction
               | of human labor in the production process. As this
               | logically would ultimately reduce workers to consumers
               | and designers (as ultimate reduction of craftmanship),
               | the ownership of the production means is an issue. Unless
               | this owned by the state, Bauhaus then is guilty of
               | pretending to socialism while helping industry tycoons
               | retool their factories. I opt for their sincerity and
               | thus the _unspoken_ truth of Bauhau 's social program has
               | to be a state where non-labor capital is owned by the
               | people/state. Otherwise, they would focus on design that
               | required substantial human involvement.
        
         | emteycz wrote:
         | That's mentioned in the article, the problem they're talking
         | about is that the classes were focused on handwork and what the
         | teachers thought would be good for industrial production, but
         | actually wasn't.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | That's misunderstanding the goal of teaching handwork.
           | Handwork teaches you about the materials behavior first and
           | foremost, which is absolutely essential knowledge when you
           | want to do something industrial, unless you will be using a
           | material that you can't work by hand, such as synthetics.
           | 
           | But if you want to use wood industrially having basic
           | woodworking knowledge will teach you a lot of very useful
           | stuff about the properties of wood, what you can and can not
           | make, regardless of the manufacturing methods, the strengths
           | and weaknesses of the materials and so on.
           | 
           | Ditto for metals, and to some extent this goes for glass and
           | ceramics as well (though in manufacturing methods those come
           | closer to working with plastics, the same goes for casting
           | metals).
        
             | Gravityloss wrote:
             | Yes. You need to understand both the material and the
             | industrial production methods. The criticism was that
             | Bauhaus only taught the former.
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | Right. A key point here is that some complex things are easy to
         | mass produce. If you can make it by stamping (available in the
         | Bauhaus period) or casting (also available), adding decorative
         | detail doesn't cost you anything. There's a class of parts you
         | can make on a four-slide machine cheaply, and it includes most
         | small threaded parts like the ones used in assembling lamps.
         | 
         | A good example from that period was stamped tin ceilings, which
         | were a big thing in the US around 1880-1920 or so. These are
         | purely decorative ceiling panels, available in many patterns.
         | They replaced decorative hand-made plasterwork. Some of the
         | patterns have Victorian details, some are rather plain.
         | Manufacturing cost does not increase with pattern
         | complexity.[1]
         | 
         | [1] https://www.decorativeceilingtiles.net/tin-ceiling-tiles/
        
         | kemiller2002 wrote:
         | I think you're right. This is the impression I got after
         | reading about Bauhaus in the ABC's of Triangle, Circle, Square.
        
         | hef19898 wrote:
         | It is aso worth noting that craftsmen based manufacturing,
         | espcially in the early 20th century, has nothing to do with
         | mass production. And what machine learning has to do with any
         | of that, I have no idea.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | ddkto wrote:
       | There is a similarity to the work of Charles and Ray Eames.
       | Though motivated by the possibilities of mass-manufacture, but
       | still produced many designs that could not be produced cost-
       | effectively at scale.
       | 
       | Their aims for mass-manufactured, well-designed goods has been
       | best realized by IKEA.
       | 
       | Were the Bauhaus and the Eames' failures because they did not
       | realize the potential of their ideas? Obviously not! It is
       | fascinating to study Bauhaus precisely because it is a hinge, a
       | link between a world of craft-work and the world of mass-
       | production. If you look at how they spent their time and
       | organized their classes, it looks very old-school - but in that
       | context, they were forward looking and set the aims for a new
       | generation of design.
        
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