[HN Gopher] CFTC charges two individuals with multi-million digi...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       CFTC charges two individuals with multi-million digital asset pump-
       and-dump
        
       Author : PragmaticPulp
       Score  : 88 points
       Date   : 2021-03-05 18:42 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cftc.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cftc.gov)
        
       | mrtweetyhack wrote:
       | Idiots deserve to be relieved of their money
        
       | miguelmota wrote:
       | December 2017 were crazy times in crypto. John McAfee would
       | promote a "Coin of the day" for like two weeks straight and the
       | price would sky rocket immediately. People had bots to watch for
       | his tweets to programmatically place market buys on exchanges
       | right away before the pump in price from flood of people buying
       | the coin.
        
       | 99_00 wrote:
       | To make the old school scams believable you need to wrap it in
       | some high tech story that people believe but don't understand.
        
       | sneak wrote:
       | > _"Manipulative and fraudulent schemes, like that alleged in
       | this case, undermine the integrity and development of digital
       | assets and cheat innocent people out of their hard-earned money,"
       | said Acting Director of Enforcement Vincent McGonagle._
       | 
       | Even if they explicitly conducted a pump-and-dump, nobody was
       | cheated here.
       | 
       | There doesn't need to be a disclosure notice on shitcoin shilling
       | for a reasonable person to assume that it is a risky investment
       | that may result in 100% lows.
       | 
       | Meanwhile, thousands are engaging in this exact behavior and
       | going unprosecuted.
       | 
       | The fact that these specific people were chosen for the
       | enforcement of this specific not-crime is, to me, highly suspect.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > Even if they explicitly conducted a pump-and-dump, nobody was
         | cheated here.
         | 
         | A pump-and-dump is a scheme designed to cheat people. The cheat
         | is to deliver misleading statements to convince others to
         | purchase something, while quietly doing the opposite of what
         | you're promoting.
         | 
         | Pump and dump schemes are a well-known type of fraud:
         | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/pumpanddump.asp
         | 
         | > Meanwhile, thousands are engaging in this exact behavior and
         | going unprosecuted.
         | 
         | That doesn't make this right.
         | 
         | We can't catch and prosecute everyone, but that doesn't mean we
         | can't catch and prosecute anyone.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >There doesn't need to be a disclosure notice on shitcoin
         | shilling for a reasonable person to assume that it is a risky
         | investment that may result in 100% lows.
         | 
         | Where do you draw the line? If "shitcoins" are open season for
         | fraudsters, what's next? micro-cap/penny stocks?
         | gamestop/hertz?
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | the agency involved has no jurisdiction, unless Congress
         | recently changed something. there is nothing to see here.
         | 
         | this has nothing to do with anyone's opinions on what happened,
         | the people exercising that opinion don't have the authority to.
         | next!
        
       | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
       | when a rich person tweets something and makes a ton of money it's
       | market manipulation.
       | 
       | When a hedge fund tells a journo to write an article it's
       | business as usual.
       | 
       | To be clear: I think both are worthy of the same scrutiny. The
       | double standard is what bothers me.
        
         | wnevets wrote:
         | Isn't Jim Cramer's entire existence based on pumping and
         | dumping stocks for hedge funds?
        
           | pas wrote:
           | As long as he's not cooperating with them and/or not holding
           | covert positions, he can say whatever he wants.
        
         | nickysielicki wrote:
         | Neither deserves any scrutiny. So long as influential people
         | exist, there will exist opportunities to profit off that
         | influence. Forbidding this fully is impossible, which means
         | that criminalizing it just makes unfair selective enforcement
         | possible. This isn't justice, it's getting caught with your
         | hand in the communal rich-influencer cookie jar.
         | 
         | Legalize insider trading, legalize pump and dumps, let the
         | chips fall where they may. It's happening either way, so lets
         | just be honest about it.
        
           | eli_gottlieb wrote:
           | >Legalize insider trading, legalize pump and dumps, let the
           | chips fall where they may. It's happening either way, so lets
           | just be honest about it.
           | 
           | Fuck that. That kind of thing will give us another Great
           | Depression faster than we can blink.
        
           | Grustaf wrote:
           | When you say it's impossible to "forbid", you probably mean
           | "prevent" as it's most definitely possible to forbid it.
           | Either way, the situation is the same with any crime.
           | Obviously that is not a reason to legalize anything in
           | particular.
        
             | abfan1127 wrote:
             | The first rule of governance is only make laws which can be
             | enforced without bias. If you can't enforce the law without
             | bias, it shouldn't be a law. Put another way, the
             | government shouldn't pick winners and losers.
        
               | worik wrote:
               | Why is that the first rule of governance?
               | 
               | When, where, has there ever been a law that is not
               | enforced with bias?
        
               | foerbert wrote:
               | I don't see how this can hold, without some severe
               | restrictions on what you actually mean by 'bias.'
               | 
               | As a kind of silly example, I posit that muggings closer
               | to police stations are more likely to result in an
               | arrest. Now we have bias in enforcement based on police
               | station location. Do we need to build floating police
               | stations equidistant from every place a mugging could
               | take place? And this is generously assuming muggings in
               | police stations are discounted from this analysis. If you
               | don't, perhaps muggings in police stations are legal?
               | 
               | I strongly suspect you're somehow only applying this
               | particular standard to (potential) white collar crime,
               | which seems absurd.
        
               | abfan1127 wrote:
               | I agree its a challenge many laws don't meet, and perhaps
               | I wasn't clear, so lets take another chance to clarify.
               | Lets take your example. Muggings have a clear victim. A
               | mugger clearly used violence or threat of violence to
               | forcibly remove someone else's property against their
               | will. Now, if the Law said only its only illegal to mug
               | citizens (tourists, illegal aliens, etc), then clearly
               | the law is picking winners and losers here. If the law
               | says its illegal to mug anyone, but reports of muggings
               | to tourists went categorically uninvestigated, then the
               | government is choosing winners and losers, not via
               | legislation, but by implementation, which is also wrong.
               | In this case, the fix isn't the mugging law, but the
               | implementation.
               | 
               | I'm a baseball fan. Everyone knows that everyone cheats
               | in the game of baseball. Whether its hiding small things
               | like pine tar, or like the Astros using electronic
               | devices relaying signals. When there's marginal
               | enforcement, and marginal discipline, then its not really
               | a law, and its only used against the current regime's
               | enemies so to speak. So, why keep it as a law? Further,
               | if we make all electronic communication devices legal,
               | then pitchers and catchers can have an ear piece, and
               | this concept of signs and sign stealing is moot.
               | 
               | The same applies to all governance. If you can't apply
               | the same laws uniformly, then they become the tool of the
               | state to suppress its enemies, i.e. choosing winners and
               | losers.
               | 
               | [1] - https://www.sportingnews.com/us/mlb/news/astros-
               | scandal-time...
        
               | Grustaf wrote:
               | Both examples are very bad. Surely the "bias" in the rule
               | referred to the person committing the crime, not the
               | target. And the rules in baseball are neither laws, nor
               | apparently enforced with bias. Seems like they're not
               | enforced at all.
               | 
               | Of course it would be nice with bias free laws in some
               | abstract sense. But I've never heard anyone say it was an
               | absolute precondition. Then we'd have no laws.
        
               | Grustaf wrote:
               | According to whom?
        
           | ralph84 wrote:
           | Indeed. EVERYONE involved in finance, from Warren Buffett on
           | down, talks their book. EVERY transaction in finance involves
           | asymmetric information. Might as well stop pretending these
           | facts aren't true.
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | They aren't accused of talking their book. They're accused
             | of fraudulent statements.
             | 
             | Warren Buffet saying that he's confident in Coca Cola's
             | business model while holding a stake in Coca Cola is fine.
             | 
             | Warren Buffer saying he's going to buy a lot of Coca Cola
             | stock because he loves it (driving the price up) but then
             | secretly unloading his Coca Cola position amid the
             | resulting price bump would be a fraudulent pump and dump
             | scheme.
             | 
             | Let's be clear here: The accused perpetrators were using
             | their platforms to endorse coins for the purpose of selling
             | those coins to unsuspecting victims.
        
             | worik wrote:
             | Warren Buffet on down through the layers of non-criminal
             | financial managers (that set is not as big as it should be)
             | do not lie about their holdings. They do not pretend that a
             | investment is good simply so other people will want it,
             | drive up the price, then sell. That is what John McAfee is
             | accused of doing.
             | 
             | A big difference.
        
           | wpietri wrote:
           | "Forbidding this fully is impossible" applies to all crime.
           | The correct inference isn't, "so fuck it", it's, "We need
           | enforcement sufficient to keep the crime in check."
           | 
           | The reason not to legalize this specifically is that the more
           | people perceive a market as rigged, the less they'll invest.
           | Our capital markets, for all their flaws, make it much easier
           | for people to create economic value. If you legalize scams,
           | etc, not only do you harm honest participants, you harm the
           | economy as a whole.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | metalliqaz wrote:
           | just throw the sheep to the wolves, got it
        
           | berniemadoff69 wrote:
           | If what you are looking for is a kind of wild west (legalize
           | white collar crime), you honestly may as well legalize
           | murder, and let victims of white collar crime practice
           | vigilantism
        
           | worik wrote:
           | Really? Let the lies fly?
           | 
           | So long as influential people exist, and opportunities exist
           | to profit off that influence then there will be a need for
           | state agencies to police them (the influential people). As
           | Elon Musk found when he was investigated following his
           | promise to take Tesla private at $4.20 a share (I hope my
           | memory has got that right). He had all sorts of sanctions
           | made against him, and it was just stoned tweeting.
           | 
           | One of the justifications for a state is to protect the weak
           | from the strong. It is imaginable that it could be done away
           | with (the rule of law protecting the ignorant from the
           | insiders) but if you are going to imagine, imagine what that
           | world would look like.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >when a rich person tweets something and makes a ton of money
         | it's market manipulation.
         | 
         | >When a hedge fund tells a journo to write an article it's
         | business as usual.
         | 
         | Did the hedge funds also secretly accumulated positions in
         | assets, deceptively promoted the assets through media as
         | valuable long-term investments, then sold their holdings as
         | prices rose sharply following the deceptive endorsements?
         | Because that's what macfee is being indicted for, not because
         | he "tweets something and makes a ton of money".
        
           | holtalanm wrote:
           | They regularly short stocks, then tell everyone why that
           | stock is a bad investment, prompting people to sell off and
           | tank the price, resulting in them making $$ on the short
           | positions, so.......yeah?
           | 
           | That is literally what Melvin Capital was doing with GME
           | originally, and that is what sparked the GME short squeeze
           | back in January.
        
           | mola wrote:
           | How do you call the short bets? Why is that not accumulating
           | positions then used media to convince ppl to sell stocks
           | making they're positions profitable.
        
             | edgyquant wrote:
             | Hedge Funds publicly disclose their position
        
           | mox1 wrote:
           | ...Yes, isn't that the point of a hedge fund? They probably
           | follow the rules a bit more, but of course the hedge fund has
           | a position. Their 200 page quarterly SEC filing (which will
           | be released to the public in 2 weeks) clearly indicated that
           | on page 127.
        
           | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
           | Hedge funds manipulate markets:
           | 
           | https://www.cfainstitute.org/en/research/cfa-
           | digest/2013/11/...
           | 
           | Hedge funds routinely refuse to disclose their abnormal
           | holdings and sell to realize profits.
           | 
           | https://www.jstor.org/stable/43303849?seq=1
           | 
           | Former manager Jim Cramer admits as much:
           | 
           | https://seekingalpha.com/instablog/2918951-g-hudson/1026551-.
           | ..
           | 
           | Sure I don't have some gotcha smoking gun that links some
           | third string financial columnist to a hedge funds actions,
           | but if I did I wouldn't be blabbering about it here. I'd
           | report it up SEC, retain a lawyer and collect my reward.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >Hedge funds manipulate markets:
             | 
             | >https://www.cfainstitute.org/en/research/cfa-
             | digest/2013/11/...
             | 
             | A quick skim of the article suggests that they're doing it
             | to make their own funds look better, rather than as some
             | sort of pump&dump scheme that you suggest.
             | 
             | >Hedge funds routinely refuse to disclose their abnormal
             | holdings and sell to realize profits.
             | 
             | >https://www.jstor.org/stable/43303849?seq=1
             | 
             | the first paragraph of the introduction says why they're
             | confidential in the first place: to avoid getting front-
             | runned and to avoid free-riding. I don't see anything
             | nefarious here, unless they're also simultaneously
             | deceiving people into investing.
             | 
             | >Former manager Jim Cramer admits as much:
             | 
             | >https://seekingalpha.com/instablog/2918951-g-hudson/102655
             | 1-...
             | 
             | >First information is widely distributed to make investors
             | wonder about the company and to put fear into those longs
             | that hold the stock. Next, high volume shorting takes place
             | to drive the company's share price down.
             | 
             | Again, there's nothing wrong with holding a position in a
             | company and spreading news about it, as long as your
             | holdings are disclosed. Short-sellers do this all the time
             | when they publish short reports.
        
         | pas wrote:
         | Besides everything being "securities fraud[0]" tweets are only
         | market manipulation if they are false/deceptive. With the right
         | disclosures it's business as usual.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-06-26/everyt...
        
           | byset wrote:
           | "Funding secured!"
        
         | ganoushoreilly wrote:
         | hell, i'd argue being rich isn't even the qualifier. I'd say
         | it's anyone that's not a part of that financial system.
         | 
         | The powers that be in finances are nervous, the things that
         | gave them advantage and the edge, some legit, some not, are all
         | becoming increasingly available to retail.
         | 
         | Mean while we allow stock shorts.. and failures to deliver to
         | constantly roll over or be hidden in sneak behind closed door
         | actions.
        
           | Red_Leaves_Flyy wrote:
           | My problem with shorts is that FTDs are not punished. The
           | punishment for a hedge fund, or other large financial firm
           | should be painful. CEO throwing temper tantrums on Bloomberg
           | painful. Not crippling or debilitating, but just painful
           | enough to make these bag holders think about the potential
           | consequences of their actions before they short.
           | 
           | An FTD should have an automatic fine and liquidation event to
           | allow immediate delivery.
           | 
           | When I don't pay my bills my services get cut off and I get
           | fined. Favourably treating company failures differently than
           | consumers is about as anti-capitalist as things can get. This
           | dichotomy is prima facie evidence that the stock market has
           | been designed to be in favor of whoever has the biggest bag
           | of cash/deepest rolodex and against the American people who
           | despite our massive exposure to the markets have virtually no
           | say in their operations nor the individual companies therein.
        
       | worik wrote:
       | Not a surprise.
       | 
       | A cryptocurrency scam.
       | 
       | John McAfee scamming.
        
       | lavezzi wrote:
       | Can someone tell me how this differs from what McAfee 2.0
       | (Michael Saylor) is doing as we speak?
        
         | sgpl wrote:
         | It differs in that: he's not dumping it and his company is
         | following proper public disclosure guidelines.
        
           | lavezzi wrote:
           | 1) MicroStrategy is taking a substantial position in BTC
           | before disclosing publicly. Subsequently he is on a PR tour
           | de force telling everyone and their mother that they need to
           | invest in BTC. That seems pretty similar to what McAfee was
           | doing.
           | 
           | 2) On 2-12-21, MicroStrategy transferred 50,000 shares of
           | Class A company stock to Alcantara LLC, of which Saylor is
           | the sole owner. Until that date Alcantara hadn't received any
           | MicroStrategy stock, or any other securities, since March
           | 2012. These 50,000 shares have been transferred by the LLC
           | "as a gift" to a charitable foundation for no consideration.
           | 
           | What evidence do you have that he isn't "dumping" it?
        
             | sgpl wrote:
             | I'm sorry but how's transferring his company stock to some
             | LLC evidence of dumping? This is done all the time for a
             | litany of reasons.
             | 
             | Anyways since you want evidence, you're welcome to check
             | the company's disclosures to see that they aren't dumping
             | bitcoin, in fact they seem to be buying more [1]. This
             | disclosure is from today (5th March 2021).
             | 
             | As for the gift of shares to a charitable foundation,
             | Michael Saylor has been funding the Saylor Academy [2]
             | since 1999 so it seems like it very well could be for that
             | or another valid charitable cause. It's also not evidence
             | of dumping.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.microstrategy.com/en/investor-
             | relations/financia...
             | 
             | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saylor_Academy
        
               | lavezzi wrote:
               | He's marketing his own company's stock as an investment
               | vehicle for Bitcoin, shilling Bitcoin, and then dumping
               | his own stock. He's clearly not planning to dump Bitcoin,
               | otherwise the whole plan goes up in smoke.
               | 
               | Seems like a pretty sweet setup for an experienced
               | fraudster.
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/michael_saylor/status/133755689074262
               | 425...
        
       | vmception wrote:
       | CFTC doesn't have jurisdiction over this. They only regulate
       | derivatives and _verrrry limited_ authority over spot market
       | activity that affects derivatives.
       | 
       | As this is in coordination with DOJ and the SEC, this is just
       | tacked on to see what sticks.
       | 
       | I don't see the securities fraud (SEC) or the commodities fraud
       | (CFTC) sticking. Therefore, I don't see the money laundering or
       | wire fraud or the associated conspiracy charges sticking either.
       | Unless they traded Greyscale ETFs or some other unregistered
       | security, which would be a dumb and illiquid way to trade fairly
       | liquid spot assets.
       | 
       | The spot markets are regulated like products. So this is a FTC
       | issue, too bad they have no teeth. But the FTC knows what digital
       | assets are too.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | CFTC has had jurisdiction over crypto for a while but if anyone
         | was going to challenge that I could imagine McAfee being the
         | one.
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | that's not the point, the CFTC still has limited authority
           | even if it declares something to be under its authority.
           | 
           | here is something that shows the current state of the CFTC's
           | authority being unresolved by federal courts, specifically
           | regarding spot commodities
           | 
           | https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2018/10/recent.
           | ..
        
         | VHRanger wrote:
         | NY supreme court ruled that tether was covered under
         | commodities law last year, so CFTC can have it stick.
         | 
         | Crypto is either a commodity, or a security. It's not outside
         | the law
        
           | vmception wrote:
           | CFTC is a federal agency, they regulate commodity
           | derivatives, not commodities, a New York court doesn't evolve
           | the case law for a federal agency. And none of this has
           | anything to do with "crypto being recognized as a particular
           | asset class". Nobody is arguing about the CFTC saying crypto
           | is a commodity, the CFTC has limited powers in what they can
           | do with something being a commodity because they regulate
           | commodity derivatives.
           | 
           | here is something that shows the current state of the CFTC's
           | authority being unresolved by federal courts, specifically
           | regarding spot commodities
           | 
           | https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2018/10/recent.
           | ..
        
       | snypher wrote:
       | "Two individuals" - one is John McAfee, and for pumping Dogecoin?
       | 
       | "As is typical of pump-and-dump schemes, they secretly
       | accumulated a position in a digital asset through bitcoin trading
       | in anticipation of price spikes following McAfee's misleading
       | public endorsements on social media."
       | 
       | $2M is small fry - I wonder how much DOGE Elon Musk holds, and
       | how his, or anyones behavior towards these speculative coins is
       | any different.
        
         | walrus01 wrote:
         | I guess this means John McAfee won't be eating his own
         | genitalia, as he promised?
         | 
         | http://dickening.com/
        
           | warent wrote:
           | Am I a prude? idk why I've never found this kind of humor
           | funny
        
         | lquist wrote:
         | I don't believe Elon is selling
        
         | glsdfgkjsklfj wrote:
         | The difference with Elon and McAfee is that Elon (and the
         | paypal mafia) have white collar crime in their DNA. Paypal
         | growth held a 1:1 correlation with online prescription drug
         | scam (or online prescription crime rings, depending who you
         | ask).
         | 
         | McAfee is the lowest amateur compared to those guys.
        
           | Permit wrote:
           | > Paypal growth held a 1:1 correlation with online
           | prescription drug scam (or online prescription crime rings,
           | depending who you ask).
           | 
           | This correlation is about as compelling as these ones:
           | https://www.tylervigen.com/spurious-correlations
        
             | glsdfgkjsklfj wrote:
             | except paypal being the payment choice and making lots of
             | early concessions to work with those companies in their
             | early days is a well documented fact.
             | 
             | They would not have gotten off the ground in the early days
             | without it.
             | 
             | oh, and pirates and global warming the canonical reference
             | for your point around here :)
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | > Paypal growth held a 1:1 correlation with online
           | prescription drug scam (or online prescription crime rings,
           | depending who you ask).
           | 
           | And they were both caused by an increase in.... people using
           | the internet.
        
             | wpietri wrote:
             | I agree with your point. But Paypal was notorious for poor
             | controls early on. I have to wonder how much VC money that
             | officially went to Paypal actually ended up being seed
             | money for online criminals of many stripes.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | _" and for pumping Dogecoin?"_
         | 
         | I double-checked that it wasn't an Onion story. Who was
         | plausibly pumped or dumped for a joke currency?
         | 
         | Though, I guess with a market capitalization of $5,382,875,000
         | the joke was already out of hand.
        
           | byset wrote:
           | Yeah. Once it's got a price and trades on markets, it ain't a
           | joke anymore.
        
           | divbzero wrote:
           | Dogecoin must be priciest joke in history.
        
             | cwkoss wrote:
             | Maybe the priciest intentional joke
        
             | zamalek wrote:
             | Doge is more abundant than Bitcoin and is easier to mine,
             | so it does have functional differences from Bitcoin. Some
             | people may value those functional differences, so it isn't
             | _entirely_ a joke.
        
               | joshspankit wrote:
               | There were literally thousands of shitcoins at the time
               | that can also be more abundant and easier to mine.
        
         | byset wrote:
         | _I wonder how much DOGE Elon Musk holds, and how his, or
         | anyones behavior towards these speculative coins is any
         | different._
         | 
         | So you're speculating that the world's richest man (give or
         | take) risked a felony conviction by running an illegal Dogecoin
         | pump-and-dump scheme? Is that right?
         | 
         | I'd wager that Musk's Doge-pumping buffoonery is more of a
         | hobby than a revenue-generating side gig. If he ends up in
         | federal prison, It'll be for cooking Tesla's books.
        
           | fny wrote:
           | Second this. I don't think he owns any asset he promotes
           | besides TSLA. The rest are clearly for the lulz.
        
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