[HN Gopher] Bitcoin Is Time
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Bitcoin Is Time
        
       Author : taylorwc
       Score  : 310 points
       Date   : 2021-03-02 14:55 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (dergigi.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (dergigi.com)
        
       | phyro wrote:
       | Thank you for sharing this! I wrote a much shorter article on why
       | I believe Grin is the closest to "time is money" here
       | https://phyro.github.io/what-is-grin/grin_emission.html
       | 
       | Bitcoin can be thought of as a clock, but the unit that is being
       | transfered can't be thought as time because for it to be mappable
       | to time, you need a linear function and Bitcoin's emission is
       | exponential because of the halvings.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hanniabu wrote:
         | How is Bitcoin's admission exponential? Isn't it a stepped
         | linear emission?
        
           | tromp wrote:
           | It's inverse exponentially approaching the 21 million limit,
           | which it can never reach [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://medium.com/amberdata/why-the-bitcoin-supply-will-
           | nev...
        
             | hanniabu wrote:
             | It's a stepped linear emission that mimics an inverse
             | exponential emission. You can even see it in that chart if
             | you expand it. Between the halving periods the emission is
             | constant.
        
               | tromp wrote:
               | The block subsidy is constant between halvings. And is
               | thus a step function. But "emission" refers to cumulative
               | block subsidies. And thus is piecewise linear, with 34
               | pieces of exponentially decreasing slope, the last one
               | ending up flat.
        
               | phyro wrote:
               | If you zoom in enough, you won't see these exponential
               | steps. If you were able to zoom out completely, you'd see
               | _only_ the exponential function. Bitcoin's emission is an
               | exponential function (dropping exponentially), the fact
               | that there is some time period between these exponential
               | steps does not make it non-exponential. This would have
               | been obvious if the halvings were every 30 minutes, but
               | it's much less obvious when the "in-between step
               | interval" is 4 years.
        
         | olah_1 wrote:
         | Thanks for linking the Grin article! Now you've sent me on a
         | rabbit hole reading about different emission strategies and
         | ideas. (I follow Beam development, so I love to read about both
         | projects).
         | 
         | Doesn't the consistent emission of Grin depend upon the number
         | of users and transactions also rising at the same consistent
         | rate? Can we really count on that like we can count on the
         | ticking of time?
        
           | phyro wrote:
           | Glad to hear that. In Grin, each block creates 60 coins. The
           | time to mine a block is set to be 1 minute on average, so it
           | will average out as 60 coins each minute and hence 1 coin per
           | second. This won't be _exact_ of course due to the variance
           | in block times so you definitely can't count on that - just
           | like you can't count on Bitcoin getting exactly 24*6 blocks
           | each day. But these systems are defined such that if the
           | blocks start coming in too fast, they make them come slower
           | and if they are coming in too slow, they make sure to make
           | the puzzle easier to solve so the blocks can come faster. I
           | think this follows the models they have good enough.
        
             | olah_1 wrote:
             | That does seem like a cool feature. It just requires a bit
             | of a mindset change.
             | 
             | Compared with gold, yes you can estimate when new gold is
             | unearthed, but at the same time, there is a theoretical
             | limit to the total amount of gold in the ground, right?
        
           | Taek wrote:
           | I don't think Grin does this but you can adjust the emission
           | schedule based on the clock time (Sia does) so that the
           | number of total coins produced on a given date is within a
           | very tight bound of its expected amount, regardless of how
           | much the hashrate has changed.
        
         | eigenvalue wrote:
         | It's about the number of blocks though, not the amount of the
         | mining block reward. I think you are conflating two different
         | things.
        
           | phyro wrote:
           | I'm glad you mentioned this. Indeed, there are two different
           | things. First is the linearity of blocks and the second is
           | the linearity of the emission of units with which we
           | transact. Bitcoin has the former, but does not have the
           | latter. You can't unambiguously say "I'm going to buy an hour
           | of Bitcoin" because this hour depends on _when_ you plan on
           | buying them - the emission over any time interval (including
           | one hour) changes over time due to the halvings. This is why
           | I think coins with a constant emission (especially Grin where
           | 1 coin is emitted every second) can bring to life the saying
           | "time is money" because money becomes time. There is no
           | difference between calling your 100 Grins "100 Seconds" and
           | buying an hour of Grin. So yes, you're correct that the
           | article talks about the "block time", but I think this can be
           | pushed further where you not only have a global clock for
           | events, but your unit of money is time itself.
           | 
           | P.S. I prefer thinking of a blockchain as a "drunk" clock,
           | because of the variance that comes with the finding of a
           | valid PoW. It might sway a bit left and right, but it mostly
           | goes in the straight line in the end.
        
       | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
       | Bitcoin is entropy.
       | 
       | Sheer wasted electricity.
        
         | arbawk wrote:
         | You didn't read the article, did you?
        
           | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
           | I have _ahem_ lost more than enough time on articles about
           | Bitcoin, and its tiresome wide-eyed fanatics. The comments
           | are bad enough.
        
             | JxLS-cpgbe0 wrote:
             | So, you didn't read the article. Please contribute to
             | discussion specific to the article.
             | 
             | "Mining wastes electricity" is a trite talking point we
             | will see in every discussion.
        
             | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
             | And yet you found time to litter internet with you telling
             | other people that you won't spend even little time
             | understanding the topic at hand or posting something
             | produced by your own thinking... That's even worse than
             | creatively criticising the topic, that's just meaningless
             | jibberjabber.
             | 
             | PS let me rephrase my point: you write "I have ahem lost
             | more than enough time on articles about Bitcoin, and its
             | tiresome wide-eyed fanatics. The comments are bad enough."
             | implying that you have decided for yourself that you are
             | not wanting to spend any more time on adding meaningful
             | things to this conversation.
             | 
             | Who do you think is interested in this information? Why on
             | earth would you think it's a useful thing to share (on top
             | of that with that negative attitude that makes it painful
             | for a normal person to read)? If you don't want to
             | participate, just don't.
        
               | jakeva wrote:
               | I assume comments like that are from people who are
               | conflicted by the fact that if their head weren't so far
               | up their ass they would have entertained the notion
               | enough to at least acquire a few bitcoin, but because
               | it's now too late it's better to celebrate just how far
               | up their ass their head is.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | You are basically restating this crappy argument:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26316375
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26316392
               | 
               | See the replies. There is nothing more to add to this
               | deeply dull line of thinking.
        
               | jakeva wrote:
               | And yet what I responded to was a restatement of the same
               | "deeply dull line of thinking" as you put it that
               | triggered the responses you say I'm restating. I'm not
               | sure what your point is, other than to say people on the
               | internet tend to restate things.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | Yeah I wish the bitcoiners would just bitcoin off and
               | bitcoin happily together, leaving the rest of us in
               | peace. But pyramid schemes depend on continually hyping
               | the product, so they can't.
        
               | jakeva wrote:
               | You know you don't _have_ to read about bitcoin, right?
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | I've worked with a bitcoin bore.
               | 
               | An analogy for you: like working with an Evangelical
               | Christian who always assumes that your annoyance at their
               | pestering _can only be jealousy_ that Jebus won't let you
               | into heaven.
        
               | jakeva wrote:
               | I mean I get it but your annoyance in this case appears
               | to be directed at evangelicals on the internet you are
               | free to ignore, as opposed to coworkers the presence of
               | whom you have little choice. Maybe you are less free to
               | complain about coworkers and so instead complain here?
               | Either way, your complaining is no less annoying than the
               | thing you're complaining about.
        
             | doomroot wrote:
             | Hfsp
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | This kind of post is against HN rules.
        
       | Dzugaru wrote:
       | Good read. Is there a similar take on how proof-of-stake can work
       | (for example current sketch of Ethereum Casper protocol)?
        
         | gt565k wrote:
         | Check out Cardano's papers. Its PoS protocol has been live on
         | mainnet for a while. Native token support just rolled out to
         | mainnet yesterday and smart contracts are coming in Q2 this
         | year.
         | 
         | It was founded by ETH co-founder Charles, who formed an
         | academia network of CS PhD researchers to deal with 3rd gen
         | blockchain problems and solutions.
         | 
         | It is 3rd gen blockchain built to handle the problems of
         | ethereum and other blockchains that came prior.
         | 
         | https://docs.cardano.org/en/latest/explore-cardano/relevant-...
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | Here are the two papers on Casper:
         | 
         | Casper the Friendly Finality Gadget:
         | https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.09437
         | 
         | Combining GHOST and Casper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.03052
         | 
         | A very simple summary is that it's a fairly traditional
         | consensus protocol, in which if anyone breaks the rules it's
         | possible to prove who did it and penalize them by burning their
         | stake. It achieves scale by using aggregated signatures.
        
       | gillesjacobs wrote:
       | Proof-of-history using verifiable delay functions (VDF) is a
       | valid consensus mechanism that scales of PoS and PoW networks
       | [1]. Solana is build on top of it and it looks very promising as
       | a fast consensus mechanism.
       | 
       | OP pretty much explains the intuition behind why history as a
       | sequence of events in a blockchain works, but Bitcoin PoW is
       | different from PoH as maintaining order is the main work done and
       | not a side-effect.
       | 
       | 1. https://medium.com/solana-labs/proof-of-history-a-clock-
       | for-...
        
         | bearerofgarbage wrote:
         | what problem of value does it solve?
         | 
         | every post including cryptocoin here gets a generic comment
         | like yours about some other cryptocoin that is 'very promising'
        
           | jtms wrote:
           | It appears that it solves the problem of there needing to be
           | yet another cryptocurrency
        
           | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
           | Maybe try reading the post again? I have no affiliation or
           | even opinion about that coin, but it is painfully clear for
           | that post only that the proposed problem of value is
           | 
           | "valid consensus mechanism that scales of PoS and PoW
           | networks".
           | 
           | Half of the comments on this page complain about how Bitcoin
           | uses too much energy and how PoW is wasteful. This is a
           | direct (allegedly, if what they write is correct) solution to
           | exactly that.
        
             | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
             | I honestly don't think that either BitCoin or
             | CryptoCurrency in general _can_ be reformed. The whole mess
             | is a complete write-off.
        
               | gillesjacobs wrote:
               | You're dismissing a whole branch of computer science on
               | decentralised systems with no argumentation as to why.
               | Consensus algorithms, solutions to the CAP trilemma,
               | uncensorable decentralised applications that run as long
               | as people are willing to use them, trustless oracles,
               | decentralised dispute resolution, democratised loans and
               | finance. Those are some applications that grew out the
               | cryptocurrency space.
        
               | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
               | On a somewhat related note, I just wonder for my personal
               | interest, why do you write it that way? "BitCoin". You
               | are just signalling everyone that you haven't done any
               | deep research, you have not read any meaningful amount of
               | articles or books or studied it in depth... It is spelled
               | "bitcoin". "BitCoin" is how a housewife would spell it
               | (no disrespect or negativity towards housewives, it is
               | simply an example of a person who does not know much
               | about bitcoin and has just heard the name on the tele or
               | something).
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | > "BitCoin" is how a housewife would spell it (no
               | disrespect
               | 
               | Did you understand me? Then the spelling was good enough.
               | Please don't attempt to derail with gender role trolling.
        
               | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
               | > Did you understand me?
               | 
               | I probably understood even more than you were willing to
               | share: your level of knowledge about this topic.
               | 
               | > gender role trolling
               | 
               | What does gender has to do with anything? You brough it
               | up, not me. Also where did I "troll" you? The word
               | "housewife"? Not sure why you would take offence in that,
               | for me it is not a negative or lower-value term, it
               | simply refers to a person that has chosen and has had the
               | possibility and privilege to spend most of their time at
               | home taking care of their family. I could just as easily
               | have used "hairdresser" or "bricklayer", those people
               | have equally likely little to do with crypto and have the
               | same level of knowledge about bitcoin that you seem
               | (assuming by that spelling, in which I could be wrong of
               | course) to have. That's why I wonder, where did you pick
               | that up? That spelling? Nobody in the industry spells it
               | that way, that's all.
        
               | Tenal wrote:
               | You're a neckbearded gender troll. The sooner you can
               | admit it to yourself, the sooner you can start healing
               | yourself.
        
           | gillesjacobs wrote:
           | I wanted to share a cool algorithm related to the time as
           | consensus. My intention was not to shill a specific project.
           | 
           | I follow alternative consensus algorithms and trustless
           | decentralized app tech in the blockchain space because I
           | think it is interesting and democratizing tech. I do not own
           | half of the coins I follow and couldn't care less for
           | speculation. Technologically, cryptocurrency is still an
           | exiting domain and scepticism is in place, but the blind hate
           | for anything blockchain on HN is a bit OTT.
        
       | justicezyx wrote:
       | Not the first time I whine about the elusiveness of human
       | writing: I could not find what's the article talking about after
       | scrolling one screen...
        
       | md2020 wrote:
       | The earlier points in the piece about the distinction between
       | information and physical matter got me thinking. I only have a
       | bachelor's in computer science and not much cryptography
       | knowledge, so please excuse if this question has a simple answer:
       | What fundamentally prevents us from creating a digital analog of
       | gold? Gold (partially) has value because it is scarce, and it's
       | scarce because it's difficult to create--nuclear fusion takes a
       | ton of energy, and gold is one of the heavier naturally occurring
       | elements. As the article mentions, all physical assets can retain
       | value because they're impossible to copy. If I give you my gold,
       | the transfer of value is being held up by the laws of physics.
       | You now have it, and I don't. There's no ledger keeping track of
       | all the gold atoms in the universe, therefore it's trivial to
       | transfer it from one part of space to another. What keeps us from
       | having some cryptographic primitive that enforces the same thing?
       | 
       | Bitcoin got the part of "requiring some difficulty to create",
       | but I feel like the killer cryptocurrency would be the one where
       | no ledger is needed.
        
         | crazypython wrote:
         | > What fundamentally prevents us from creating a digital analog
         | of gold?
         | 
         | You can infinitely copy information. It's in the article.
        
           | md2020 wrote:
           | Yeah, I read the article. My question was what really
           | prevents the existence of some cryptographic operation that
           | would allow us to "port" the laws of physics to the digital
           | space, so that when information moves we could enforce that
           | the sender no longer has it and the receiver does.
        
       | johndoe42377 wrote:
       | Honestly, what kind of bullshit is this?
        
       | keiferski wrote:
       | _Nothing is less material than money. . . . Money is abstract, I
       | repeated, money is future time. It can be an evening in the
       | suburbs, it can be the music of Brahms, it can be maps, it can be
       | chess, it can be coffee, it can be the words of Epictetus
       | teaching us to despise gold. Money is a Proteus more versatile
       | than the one on the island of Pharos._
       | 
       | --Jorge Luis Borges, "The Zahir"
       | 
       | https://longreads.com/2016/06/14/borges-and-money/
        
         | 7373737373 wrote:
         | > Richard Dawkins said in an offhand comment in The Selfish
         | Gene that "Money is a formal token of delayed reciprocal
         | altruism." - https://nakamotoinstitute.org/reciprocal-altruism-
         | in-the-the...
        
           | octocop wrote:
           | Thanks for the link, really interesting stuff.
        
           | seph-reed wrote:
           | This is an amazingly refined definition.
        
           | dnautics wrote:
           | This isn't too far off from the point that David graeber
           | makes in debt: the first 5000 years
        
             | kiliantics wrote:
             | I think this is a rosy-eyed view. Money is a formalised
             | manifestation of debt, which previously was an informal
             | system of reciprocity and altruism. But formalising this
             | debt with financial and monetary systems destroyed the
             | altruistic part of the arrangement.
             | 
             | Graeber explains how money was created by states to enforce
             | its authority and basically coerce people into
             | participation. The anonymity of monetary debt and the fact
             | that the system is controlled by the "powers that be" make
             | it kind of the opposite of altruism.
        
         | Sebastian_09 wrote:
         | Along these lines, there is an excellent book by John Kenneth
         | Galbraith - Money: Whence It Came, Where It Went (1975) that
         | covers the whole history of money, with much details & wit
        
         | zitterbewegung wrote:
         | Nearly any currency when used in commerce is primarily used as
         | an IOU for time. Due how the POW is designed to ensure
         | immutability of the blockchain it also is dependent on how
         | cheap it is to generate energy for the people who mine.
         | 
         | Comparing it to a bank with fiat a bank usually ensures the
         | consistency of transactions so miners perform this action (and
         | also developers of bitcoin if there are security holes) and
         | your wallet is an account and bitcoin have a transaction cost
         | which is like using a debit card associated with an account.
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | I've always thought about it this way: We trade our time (work)
         | for money and later trade that money for time (other's work).
         | We see this manifestation in lots of places: bus is cheap but
         | also costs time vs limousine is expensive but uses minimum
         | time. Growing food is dirt cheap but also costs time vs buying
         | produce is expensive but uses minimum time. This exchange has
         | also allowed the producers to invest in efficiencies and
         | economies of scale. All told, this is why I generally have a
         | rule to not spend money on anything that doesn't buy me time,
         | it is my most limited resource.
        
           | tachyonbeam wrote:
           | That sounds almost poetic. I wish people who mindlessly rail
           | against capitalism on twitter actually took the time to
           | understand how these systems work. I think many of them would
           | like to believe that we can all live in a system without
           | currency. They don't realize that much of the freedom we
           | enjoy today comes from capitalism. The ability to start your
           | own business, and more fundamentally, to decide how your
           | money (and time) is spent. Communism and centralized control
           | over resource utilization necessarily results in less
           | freedom.
        
       | abledon wrote:
       | I'm curious how 70% of mining of BTC is done by China... how USA
       | will react to allow BTC to take over their financial territory?
       | Can governments step in and do some sort of play on this to not
       | lose out on their value?
        
         | moralsupply wrote:
         | Check again. 70% of the _mining pools_ are in China
         | 
         | The majority of the hash rate is produced in the USA
        
       | ajarmst wrote:
       | I always enjoy conversations with cryptocurrency cognoscenti:
       | "Ok. Assume I have some bitcoin (a bitcoin? bitcoins?). How would
       | I exchange it for, say, a carton of milk?"
       | 
       | Don't get me wrong. I'm a math nerd. I think bitcoin is
       | fascinating as a technical achievement, and hope we keep
       | exploring the blockchain idea. However, I also know that bitcoin
       | mania has literally affected global supply chains of computer
       | components and inflicted a measurable exacerbation of global
       | warming. There is a colourable argument about whether bitcoins
       | have value, but it's very clear that bitcoin has a non-trivial
       | cost.
        
         | o_p wrote:
         | Personally I see bitcoin more as internet gold, you wouldnt buy
         | a carton of milk with gold either, but you can create commerce
         | services on top of bitcoin who are backed by this
         | descentralized currency
        
       | agumonkey wrote:
       | Talking about that I see a few projects throwing the idea
       | generalized of time limited currency. I find the idea a bit
       | interesting and weird at the same time.
        
       | randomopining wrote:
       | Bitcoin is deflationary thus by nature it lets you lock in your
       | time-value.
        
       | _Nat_ wrote:
       | _tl;dr_ - The article's a bit confused, so to clarify: Bitcoin's
       | entropy _starts_ maximized, and then miners reduce it. According
       | to the second-law-of-thermodynamics, the net-entropy of the
       | universe tends to increase, so Bitcoin 's entropy-reduction is
       | just increasing entropy elsewhere (hence its huge electric
       | consumption). Bitcoin's doing this because its security is based
       | on having a high-entropy barrier against attackers (like a good
       | password), except instead of a legitimate party being whoever has
       | the password (and thus can beat attackers), it's based on whoever
       | can attack the entropy the best (through 51%+ control of mining).
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | Some of the entropy stuff seems a bit confused.
       | 
       | As time goes on, Bitcoin's blockchain's entropy is decreasing,
       | not increasing. The [genesis-
       | block](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Genesis_block) is like a
       | [nucleation-seed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_crystal),
       | and the blockchain's growing from that genesis-block like ice
       | crystallizing from a nucleation-seed as the surrounding water
       | freezes.
       | 
       | The second-law-of-thermodynamics asserts that entropy _tends_ to
       | increase in the overall system, in a cumulative sense, but not
       | necessarily throughout the entire system. Bitcoin 's blockchain's
       | removed entropy tends to imply an increase of entropy in the
       | surrounding environment (leading to the environmental concerns
       | with its energy-consumption).
       | 
       | If Bitcoin's mining-difficulty were reduced and the miner-pool
       | shrunk a lot, then Bitcoin's blockchain would have less entropy
       | removed, but the environment would have less entropy added to it
       | as Bitcoin's power-consumption would be less.
       | 
       | This is by-design. For example, if you want a secure password,
       | then you want it to have [high entropy](https://en.wikipedia.org/
       | wiki/Password_strength#Entropy_as_a...), because then it's harder
       | for an attacker to guess your password. Bitcoin's the same way,
       | except that it doesn't start knowing the password -- instead,
       | Bitcoin asserts that whoever controls the most entropy-removing-
       | power (mining power) is the correct authority. So that's why
       | [Bitcoin sets a high-enough
       | difficulty](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Difficulty): it needs a
       | high-enough difficulty to prevent someone from easily [faking a
       | longer blockchain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-
       | spending#51%_attack).
        
       | f430 wrote:
       | You mean bitcoin is a ticking time bomb kept afloat by an
       | unbacked asset that is now the target of Federal agencies?
        
         | shoshino wrote:
         | Tether's impact on the price of Bitcoin is grossly misreported
         | and without basis.
         | 
         | The only "Federal agency" targeting Tether was the New York
         | Attorney General's office, however the investigation was
         | settled last month with with no admission of guilt from Tether.
        
       | caycep wrote:
       | I probably need to read this more closely after work, but have to
       | ask - have there been thermodynamic esp w/r to information
       | theory/shannon entropy, information encoding properties of
       | bitcoin?
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Bitcoin is a Ponzi scheme.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | JxLS-cpgbe0 wrote:
         | Did you read the article? Your comment is copy-and-pasted on
         | every cryptocurrency article, please discuss _this_ article.
         | 
         | It is also completely wrong. A Ponzi requires a central actor
         | (like Charles Ponzi) to actively pay profits to earlier
         | investors with funds from more recent investors.
         | 
         | If you understood that you would understand it is not a Ponzi.
         | I think you think you're trying to say "Pyramid scheme," which
         | it also is not. It's hardly even a "scheme."
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponzi_scheme
        
         | tiborsaas wrote:
         | It's a decentralised, consensus based Ponzi scheme.
         | 
         | Well done, Mr. Satoshi.
        
           | joshsyn wrote:
           | lol, you are wrong.
        
         | JoshTko wrote:
         | Ponzi schemes have a schemer with asymmetric information about
         | the scheme. How is the analogous to bitcoin since there is no
         | asymmetric information (anyone can see the code). You can argue
         | that bitcoin is a pump and dump scheme perhaps but not a Ponzi
         | scheme.
        
         | gillesjacobs wrote:
         | A Ponzi scheme is a specific type of financial scam and
         | Bitcoin, even with the least charitable definition, does not
         | fall under that definition.
         | 
         | Needing new buyers for price to increase is not the definition
         | of a Ponzi scheme. Because that is true for any speculative
         | asset due to the price setting mechanism. Your argument entails
         | that the price of Bitcoin is highly inflated over its
         | fundamental value, i.e. that it is a speculative bubble.
         | Speculative bubbles are very different from Ponzi schemes. A
         | Ponzi scheme has the following definition according to the SEC:
         | >"A Ponzi scheme is an investment fraud that pays existing
         | investors with funds collected from new investors. Ponzi scheme
         | organizers often promise to invest your money and generate high
         | returns with little or no risk. But in many Ponzi schemes, the
         | fraudsters do not invest the money. Instead, they use it to pay
         | those who invested earlier and may keep some for themselves."
         | 
         | Ponzi schemes require a central fraudster to pass on money
         | directly from old to new investors with the underlying asset
         | obfuscatedly held on promise by the fraudster.
         | 
         | With cryptocurrency the buyer has control of the commodity, you
         | actually have control of the crypto, there is no promise of a
         | consistent return with little risk, there is no central entity
         | defrauding targets with promises that hold the asset in reserve
         | passing on money directly from new to old investors.
         | 
         | What we do have is a speculative bubble which will no doubt be
         | devastating for new investors when it collapses. But the
         | definition of a Ponzi scheme is not met.
        
         | bdamm wrote:
         | If Bitcoin is a Ponzi scheme, then gold must be as well.
        
           | jhauris wrote:
           | Can you elaborate on how that's true? Gold has use in making
           | other physical products, such as electronics, which can do
           | things and thus create value. Bitcoin comparatively seems to
           | be a net drain on resources and value.
        
             | TheBlight wrote:
             | The vast majority of gold is held for speculation. If that
             | use case went away it'd be effectively worthless.
        
               | epx wrote:
               | Wrong. It it fell 50%, many industrial uses of gold would
               | resume. I'd have 4 gold fountain pens instead of 2.
        
               | TheBlight wrote:
               | Lol I stand corrected :)
        
           | ttul wrote:
           | Not really. Half of the value of gold, or thereabouts,
           | relates to its utility as a metal. Bitcoin is purely valued
           | because people believe others will buy it from them in future
           | at a good price - hopefully a higher price.
        
             | doomroot wrote:
             | So half the people that use gold are involved in a ponzi
             | scheme?
        
               | ttul wrote:
               | It may also not be correct that Bitcoin is a Ponzi
               | scheme. A Ponzi scheme is, strictly speaking, one wherein
               | the latest investors are used to pay out interest and
               | withdrawals to earlier investors.
        
         | arbawk wrote:
         | Ponzi schemes will always have people at the pinnacle of the
         | period looking to sell.
         | 
         | Bitcoin supporters will never sell, thus there is no bottoming
         | out. It's actually just money, you're likely missing something.
        
           | randomsearch wrote:
           | Why won't Bitcoin supporters ever sell? How can you say that
           | with certainty? People sold GameStop, for instance.
        
             | Dirlewanger wrote:
             | Not everyone will hold forever. BTC's situation is really
             | no different from gold's: it's seen as a store of value,
             | but in the case of BTC, there's a lot of hype around it.
             | The GME situation is related, but doesn't have the overtly
             | greedy hedge funds at the forefront.
        
             | joshsyn wrote:
             | One reason I think is because of the global phenonmenon and
             | easy to exchange native currency to crypto. And the
             | immutable and fixed capped supply. Huge prizes to be won
             | for someone cracking the network.
        
       | gnrlst wrote:
       | I'm ready to be downvoted to oblivion, especially by all the
       | Bitcoin purists, but I hope my message sparks at least _some_
       | curiosity.
       | 
       | Bitcoin is getting "weaker" every year for several reasons:
       | 
       | - emerging centralization due to economies of scale. If this
       | trend continues the mining power will be so consolidated that a
       | 51% attack will be likely. The Nakamoto coefficient is already at
       | 4, and tending towards 3.
       | 
       | - energy usage due to Proof of Work is growing astronomically,
       | and the higher the price of bitcoin, the less incentive there is
       | to use renewable energy. Bitcoin uses more energy than the
       | country of Argentina.
       | 
       | - transaction times are SLOW, and expensive. The lightning
       | network is incredibly buggy and won't actually solve the problems
       | it's promising.
       | 
       | There is a better alternative. RaiBlocks, named nano since 2018.
       | It got a bad rap due to the BitGrail hack, but it's picking up
       | steam again. The developer community is great, the main dev team
       | on the Nano protocol has been consistently chugging along
       | regardless of the 3 years of crypto winter on a shoestring budget
       | and the nano community is made up of _users_ , not speculators.
       | 
       | This article sums it up quite nicely:
       | https://senatusspqr.medium.com/why-nano-is-the-ultimate-stor...
       | 
       | I'm happy to receive downvotes, but all I ask in return is that
       | you give it a read with an open mind.
        
         | paulmd wrote:
         | > The lightning network is incredibly buggy and won't actually
         | solve the problems it's promising.
         | 
         | it's actually worse than that - lightning only works in the
         | context of centralized banking. It presumes there is some other
         | entity with whom you can hold a channel open, who you do
         | roughly equivalent amounts of deposits and withdrawals from. If
         | that criterion is not met, then you have to keep closing
         | channels and re-opening new ones, each of which incurs a new
         | transaction fee just like if you did it yourself. So it is
         | still expensive to send arbitrary transactions, it is just now
         | relatively cheap to do "banking" with a single entity.
         | 
         | That entity sending money for you may still be expensive as
         | well. If they have another entity who they do roughly equal
         | amounts of transactions and withdrawals from then yes, they can
         | nominally transact that for free, but they will still probably
         | charge you for the service, and having that bank send a payment
         | to an _arbitrary_ user with whom they don 't have balanced
         | deposits/withdrawals incurs the normal bitcoin transaction fee.
         | You can see where all of this is going - Lightning doesn't
         | really solve anything, it _still_ is only optimized for
         | transactions between large, centralized entities.
         | 
         | Oh, and if you ever lose power or internet then your channel
         | has to be closed and resolved, then reopened if you want to do
         | further business. So you have to pay a transaction fee every
         | time you lose internet (or there is a routing problem somewhere
         | on the net) or power.
        
           | rawtxapp wrote:
           | > you have to keep closing channels and re-opening new ones,
           | each of which incurs a new transaction fee just like if you
           | did it yourself.
           | 
           | Channel factories will significantly reduce the need to go to
           | the blockchain to open and close channels.
           | 
           | > if you ever lose power or internet then your channel has to
           | be closed and resolved
           | 
           | This is complete non-sense, your channel lives on as long as
           | you don't close it, if you're concerned about counterparty
           | risk, you can use a watchtower.
        
           | varajelle wrote:
           | > It presumes there is some other entity with whom you can
           | hold a channel open, who you do roughly equivalent amounts of
           | deposits and withdrawals from.
           | 
           | I don't get how you go from there to "centralised banking".
           | Contrary to a bank, you do not need to trust this entity with
           | your money. Also it is not centralised, there can be many
           | such entity and they connect together.
        
           | pwm wrote:
           | This is incorrect and highly misleading. You don't have to
           | open and close channels like that. Instead you keep them open
           | and do circular rebalances when your channels are imbalanced.
           | As an experiment I've been running an lnd node for the last 6
           | months. During this time I've routed 1445 transactions
           | totalling 4.68249963 BTC (~223K USD currently) and only
           | closed a handful of channels, using single digit sat/vB as
           | it's not urgent. Lightning transaction fees in general are
           | negligible at today's btc price. You transact with all your
           | peers for free while you usually pay a fraction of a cent for
           | sending transactions anywhere in the graph. Transactions are
           | pretty much instant.
           | 
           | After running it for 6 months, I could certainly criticise
           | various aspects of lnd but none of what you have written
           | falls into the valid criticism category.
        
             | bibabaloo wrote:
             | This sounds cool, do you have any recommended resources to
             | get started with running a lnd node and getting it
             | connected to a larger network? And, just curious, do you
             | make any money from lighting fees?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | la_fayette wrote:
           | This is not true! RTFM
        
             | zepto wrote:
             | Can you offer one contradiction to it? That would be more
             | helpful than just saying it's not true.
        
         | WanderPanda wrote:
         | But a 51% attack (with e.g. a double spend) will be easily
         | spotted by the community, right? What would be the incentive
         | for an actor with such a vast amount of specialised hardware
         | just for Bitcoin mining, to undermine its security? Its not
         | that I'm saying it is not possible but its your usage of
         | "likely" that I would argue against
        
           | betterunix2 wrote:
           | You are assuming that the attacker would not gain more from a
           | general loss of faith in Bitcoin than they would gain from
           | controlling Bitcoin itself. That is a bad assumption. What if
           | the attacker is trying to push a competing system? What if
           | the attacker holds short Bitcoin futures contracts?
        
           | vngzs wrote:
           | I see the ideological foundation for a theoretical 51% attack
           | more aligned with causing mass disruption & chaos than some
           | kind of financial gain. Yes, it would likely be detected. But
           | it would undermine BTC, lots of people would lose lots of
           | money, lots of businesses would go under, portions of the
           | global banking system would be disrupted and likely pushed
           | back to more centralized alternatives. The most likely threat
           | actor for such an attack would therefore be a nation-state.
           | 
           | China is the only country pushing that kind of hash rate at
           | the moment, so we should analyze whether the move would be
           | beneficial to them in order to determine the risk.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | > But a 51% attack (with e.g. a double spend) will be easily
           | spotted by the community, right?
           | 
           | The real problem is that if it happens once, it's proven to
           | be both possible and practical. And once it's proven to be
           | possible and practical, how do you know it won't happen again
           | and again?
           | 
           | > What would be the incentive for an actor with such a vast
           | amount of specialised hardware just for Bitcoin mining, to
           | undermine its security?
           | 
           | Most mining hardware is specific to hashing, not Bitcoin
           | specifically.
           | 
           | The obvious attack is something like this: Imagine someone
           | invents a Bitcoin competitor that is somehow more resistant
           | to these types of attacks, yet can use the same mining
           | hardware. To convince everyone to switch to their new
           | alternative (which they have accumulated significant amounts
           | of, similar to Satoshi), they spend the money to crash
           | Bitcoin, while advertising themselves as the more secure
           | alternative to Bitcoin.
        
             | AJ007 wrote:
             | A hacker that was able to hijack the mining pool just for
             | malicious reasons could do it. Maybe they are motivated by
             | not liking Bitcoin energy use.
             | 
             | The better argument here is that 98% of cryptocurrencies
             | are very cheap to 51% attack, and they are attacked
             | successfully. One would expect these to be exploited
             | aggressively before a successful Bitcoin attack. Hints of
             | unmanageable abuse would be exchanges de-listing
             | alternative cryptocurrencies due to mounting losses.
             | 
             | The bottom line is if Bitcoin can't survive a 51% attack,
             | then everything else below it is non-viable.
             | 
             | Personally I think the gaping vulnerabilities of altcoins
             | and the scalability of Ethereum is a bigger issue than what
             | may happen to Bitcoin over the next decade+. Major
             | catastrophes with any of the other stuff could go a long
             | way toward causing loss of trust, interest, and value in
             | Bitcoin.
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | The difference is that Bitcoin success was largely accidental.
         | People are very touchy about others getting a head start.
         | Miners got their Bitcoins by burning electricity, this makes it
         | a "fair deal" despite destroying the environment. Satoshi
         | disappeared and never moved his coins, which removes the "pre-
         | mine" aspect.
        
         | yholio wrote:
         | So it's a 100% premine that already pushes on 1 billion market
         | capitalization. How is that any different from the Bitcoin
         | bubble?
        
           | keymone wrote:
           | Valid observation. The difference is that bitcoin isn't a
           | premine.
        
             | yholio wrote:
             | That's hardly relevant for someone looking at them in 2021,
             | of for choosing a "global reserve currency" which involves
             | a staggering appreciation of both. Bitcoin 2021 has been
             | 85% "premined", the only difference is that it is (much)
             | more widely distributed.
        
               | keymone wrote:
               | The difference is that it was not a premine. I don't know
               | how can you say it's a small difference..
        
               | kflzufkrbzi wrote:
               | Nano was distributed via solving capchas(pow) no
               | different than mining bitcoin.
        
         | companyhen wrote:
         | If you want to see a real Decentralized Central Bank I highly
         | recommend digging into SORA Network.
         | 
         | It's a self-funded project by the founder (No VC's, No ICO, No
         | Presale, etc.) with a fair launch and the team has already
         | developed a live central bank digital currency called Bakong in
         | Cambodia.
         | 
         | https://sora.org/
         | 
         | https://sora.org/blog/
         | 
         | https://sora.org/soratokens/
         | 
         | https://soramitsu.co.jp/
        
         | jes5199 wrote:
         | can you explain your point about renewable energy? I'm not sure
         | I see how that follows
        
           | aeturnum wrote:
           | I think the idea is that, as mining fees and power generation
           | requirements increase, you have less incentive to build the
           | most efficient power generation (renewables) and increasing
           | incentives to build financially reliable proven technologies.
           | Coal power plants, though less efficient than solar, have a
           | much better known lifecycle and are easier to plan around.
        
           | diego wrote:
           | It doesn't follow. Bitcoin chases cheap energy, so wherever
           | green is cheaper than carbon that's where Bitcoin will be
           | mined. Eventually carbon will be more expensive everywhere.
        
             | cool_dude85 wrote:
             | And wherever green is not cheaper, Bitcoin prefers to use
             | dirty and send the externalities to my grandkids.
        
         | fwiwm2c wrote:
         | Stop shilling. And to have the galls to say something like Nano
         | has the ability to take on Bitcoin just indicates that you very
         | new to this market - and thus want to make a quick buck by
         | shilling your random shitcoin. The thing which Bitcoin has, and
         | that few others can match, is acceptability from a large swatch
         | of investors and predictable security/emission schedule.
         | 
         | And, just fyi, Nano is not made of users. Go to its reddit and
         | you will see everyone shilling it and having price targets on
         | it. Stop giving such these weak arguments - most of us are in
         | here for the money and don't give two hoots of the technology.
        
           | koonsolo wrote:
           | The Nano reddit is split up because of this reason:
           | 
           | You have NanoTrade where these things are discussed, and you
           | have NanoCurrency where Nano itself and adoption is
           | discussed.
        
           | zepto wrote:
           | > most of us are in here for the money and don't give two
           | hoots of the technology
           | 
           | Given that the technology determines the timeframe over which
           | you can make money, this seems like a weird position to take.
        
             | fwiwm2c wrote:
             | No - not necessarily. IN crypto, it is quite possible to
             | multiply your money when investing in altcoins - purely
             | based on shilling and positioning with no technology to
             | speak of. This is what the OP likely is trying to do here.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | Fair point!
        
           | matheusmoreira wrote:
           | > most of us are in here for the money and don't give two
           | hoots of the technology
           | 
           | Monero's technology enables private and untraceable
           | transactions. It's amazing and I own some just because of
           | that property. Seems to be the only cryptocurrency that still
           | aims to be an actual currency.
           | 
           | You're right about the altcoins though.
        
             | reedjosh wrote:
             | I love Monero. The transactions are fast and cheap too.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >Monero's technology enables private and untraceable
             | transactions
             | 
             | Not exactly. The decoy inputs/outputs provide some
             | plausible deniability when you look at a transaction in
             | isolation, but over repeated transactions it gets gradually
             | lost. It's not enough to pin you as a criminal with 100%
             | certainty, but it's enough for the police to keep an eye on
             | you and wait for you to slip up.
        
           | the_local_host wrote:
           | What's wrong with shilling?
        
             | fwiwm2c wrote:
             | Nothing wrong. But then be honest about it vs. actually
             | comparing a nonsense shitcoin with Bitcoin - and misguiding
             | the users
        
           | swagonomixxx wrote:
           | > And, just fyi, Nano is not made of users. Go to its reddit
           | and you will see everyone shilling it and having price
           | targets on it.
           | 
           | Not saying you're wrong, but this feels like every subreddit
           | dedicated to a crypto.
        
             | duskwuff wrote:
             | That's because the problem is endemic to the cryptocurrency
             | space. There has been very little serious work done on
             | making any cryptocurrency usable as a medium of exchange,
             | even for projects which claim to have that as a goal.
             | Speculation is about the only activity that's _possible_
             | for most coins, so that 's what people do.
        
           | iameli wrote:
           | > most of us are in here for the money and don't give two
           | hoots of the technology.
           | 
           | Nice to hear someone say the quiet part loud. Could you tell
           | all the rest of the most-of-us to be honest about that too?
           | It'd save me a lot of time in conversations where people
           | refuse to consider any Bitcoin alternatives because they'd
           | lose money if people started to switch.
        
           | Judgmentality wrote:
           | > most of us are in here for the money
           | 
           | This seems a little ironic after complaining about shilling.
        
             | willis936 wrote:
             | Is it? It seems pretty consistent with their "cut the
             | bullshit" theme.
        
           | ironman1478 wrote:
           | This is a bit off topic, but if you were here for the money
           | shouldn't you just be in the stock market? It seems like the
           | people who really try and analyze it (like in quantitative
           | trading) do extremely well and if you don't have the time for
           | that (who does outside of work), then mutual funds have a
           | great return on investment and are significantly less risky
           | and have a way lower barrier to entry. I am a bit ignorant on
           | the economics of bitcoin (though I have built a miner and did
           | all the merkle tree stuff), but its unclear how bitcoin is
           | better unless you have a lot of capital already and can
           | stomach the risk.
        
         | drdeca wrote:
         | not sure what you mean by "weaker". If you mean the security,
         | then, I would think that would be a result of energy use going
         | down, not energy use going up. (but as someone else pointed
         | out, the power use seems to be steady, and neither trending up
         | nor down)
         | 
         | (that being said, it becoming more centralized might be an
         | issue for security, yes. I don't know how (de)centralized it
         | currently is though)
         | 
         | Also, isn't there a rule or guideline or something discouraging
         | talking about how getting downvoted?
        
         | keymone wrote:
         | Nano is a scam. Nano fanboys don't even get the concept of
         | latency on the internet, forget anything more complex like
         | recovery from network partitions. There are reasons behind most
         | of the things that you consider drawbacks in bitcoin, shitcoin
         | proponents don't understand those reasons and simply copy
         | bitcoin with some parameter changed, completely oblivious to
         | the fact that it makes their shitcoin worthless.
        
         | Sparkyte wrote:
         | There is also no meaningful contribution for the work. Imagine
         | if there was a blockchain crypto attached to folding@home it
         | would work that has value.
        
           | Franciscouzo wrote:
           | That's by design, if you use a proof of work that's validated
           | outside of the blockchain, the work could be valid for
           | multiple forks, thus being a really bad proof of work system.
        
           | monkeydust wrote:
           | Isn't that Gridcoin (GRC)
        
             | Sparkyte wrote:
             | Not sure. Let me check that puppy out.
        
         | tarsinge wrote:
         | > The lightning network is incredibly buggy and won't actually
         | solve the problems it's promising.
         | 
         | Not an expert but I found that a readable summary of different
         | layer 2 scaling strategies and why Ethereum developers prefer
         | Rollups instead of Channels (like Lightning):
         | 
         | https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/05/rollup.html
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Talking about _different layer 2 scaling strategies_
           | implicitly ignores much simpler layer 1 scaling, e.g.
           | Avalanche.
        
           | westurner wrote:
           | "Bitcoin scalability problem" could link to the Ethereum
           | design docs:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin_scalability_problem
           | 
           | The Ethereum design docs could link to direct-listed premined
           | [stable] coins as a solution for Proof of Work and TPS
           | reports: https://github.com/flare-eng/coston#smart-contracts-
           | with-xrp
           | 
           | (edit) re: n-layer solutions: The https://interledger.org/
           | RFCs and something like Transaction Permission Layer (TPL)
           | will probably be helpful for interchain compliance.
           | 
           | > _Interledger is not tied to a single company, blockchain,
           | or currency._
           | 
           | From https://tplprotocol.org/ :
           | 
           | > _The challenge: Current blockchain-based protocols lack an
           | effective governance mechanism that ensures token transfers
           | comply with requirements set by the project that issued the
           | token._
           | 
           | > _Projects need to set requirements for a variety of
           | reasons. For instance, remaining compliant with securities
           | laws, limiting transfer to beta testers, or limiting transfer
           | to a particular geo-spatial location. Whatever your reason,
           | if a requirement can be verified by a third-party, TPL will
           | be able to help._
           | 
           | In the US, S-Corps can't have international or more than n
           | shareholders, for example; so if firms even wanted to issue
           | securities on a _first-layer network_ , they'd need an extra-
           | chain compliance mechanism to ensure that their issuance is
           | legal pursuant to local, sovereign, necessary policies. Re-
           | issuing stock certificates is something that has to be done
           | sometimes. When is it possible to _cancel_ outstanding
           | tokens?
        
         | Solvitieg wrote:
         | > energy usage due to Proof of Work is growing astronomically,
         | and the higher the price of bitcoin
         | 
         | Not true. The energy used to power the bitcoin network has been
         | stable for a few years.
         | 
         | https://digiconomist.net/bitcoin-energy-consumption
        
         | BLKNSLVR wrote:
         | Yep, Nano is all the things bitcoin was attempting to be
         | initially. Using Nano is a breeze, it feels like the future,
         | especially compared to bitcoin in terms of speed.
        
         | trts wrote:
         | What is the incentive for a 51% attack (on Bitcoin
         | specifically)
         | 
         | Wouldn't it take a large number of resources and coordinated
         | effort to do this? And then the result of a successful attack
         | means that the value essentially drops to zero ... so why
         | invest the effort?
         | 
         | Seems like the only entity to have this incentive would be
         | central banks / fiat regimes.
        
           | TobyBrull wrote:
           | Given that Bitcoin has become quite liquid, there might also
           | be ways to short it. But yes, governments doing it for
           | political reasons would seem like the most obvious incentive.
        
           | tablespoon wrote:
           | > What is the incentive for a 51% attack (on Bitcoin
           | specifically)
           | 
           | Besides trying to destroy bitcoin, couldn't such an attack be
           | used to simply drive up transaction fees for anyone who
           | wanted to use it? For instance, if they refuse to process
           | transactions with a fee below a threshold, they'd leave money
           | on the table in the sort term, but eventually the higher fee
           | requirement would have to be discovered and transactions
           | reissued to pay it.
        
         | birdsbirdsbirds wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > they [the central banks] can expand the money supply to keep
         | the system propped up.
         | 
         | They have to expand money supply to keep the value of the
         | currencies stable as long as most money is not spent. The
         | economy depends not on the supply of money but on the stability
         | of the money.
         | 
         | By which force do central banks have to keep increasing the
         | money supply once people start spending? There is no reason to
         | do so and thus no reason for fiat currencies to collapse.
         | 
         | It's more likely that they increase interest rates when people
         | start spending again, and thus reduce supply and as a
         | consequence, keep the value of money stable.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | hfsp wrote:
         | The market has spoken:
         | https://www.tradingview.com/symbols/NANOBTC/.
        
           | pcthrowaway wrote:
           | I'd take a look at Cardano:
           | https://coinlib.io/en/compare/2020-06-01/ADA/NANO
        
             | hfsp wrote:
             | F* off scammer
        
         | crazypython wrote:
         | "The Nakamoto coefficient is a way to quantify the
         | decentralization of a blockchain or other decentralized system.
         | It's the number of entities you need to compromise at least one
         | essential subsystem."
         | 
         | If a 51% attack occurs, the bitcoin full nodes are still
         | fundamentally in control. Full nodes decide whether or not to
         | accept a blockchain, they socially decide whether to accept a
         | 51% attack. They can hard fork and change the hashing
         | algorithm, firing all current miners.
         | 
         | How does Nano prevent me from setting up two servers, sending
         | the money to different nodes, and double-spending the money?
        
         | sphix0r wrote:
         | It's really sad to see the current state of bitcoin. We can't
         | really justify the current energy consumption while mainly
         | being used as a financial instrument to speculate on.
         | 
         | Nano has been on my eye for a while now. I hope Nano will get
         | the attention it deserves. Sub second feeless money settlement
         | transactions is such a game changer. Nano just works.
        
           | akudha wrote:
           | Any thoughts on Cardano? They seem to be moving slow, but
           | they also seem to be taking a more rigorous approach.
        
             | fwiwm2c wrote:
             | Cardano is the daddy of shitcoins. It is the Ripple of this
             | bull run. Literally the only thing it is being used for is
             | speculation. Everything else is "coming soon".
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | Bitcoin is technologically obsolete but that doesn't matter. As
         | the very first coin, its history is the main reason it's still
         | relevant today. It's very well known and that makes its
         | position as the number one cryptocurrency extremely hard to
         | shake even though we have much better coins now such as Monero.
        
           | Nursie wrote:
           | > Bitcoin is technologically obsolete but that doesn't
           | matter.
           | 
           | Which just underlines how much of this whole phenomenon is
           | brand and hype.
        
             | fwiwm2c wrote:
             | Says someone who is using 1970s technology called ACH and
             | SWIFT to send money over. At least be aware of what is
             | happening around you before attacking other technologies.
        
               | tablespoon wrote:
               | > Says someone who is using 1970s technology called ACH
               | and SWIFT to send money over. At least be aware of what
               | is happening around you before attacking other
               | technologies.
               | 
               | Technology isn't a linear tech tree with newer == better.
               | In some very real ways, Bitcoin is like a a new car
               | design with some interesting new technologies (e.g. a
               | satellite radio receiver) but that doesn't support other
               | technologies like seatbelts.
               | 
               | Dismissing something as "<past-time-period> technology"
               | is lazy. You really need to compare explicit pros and
               | cons.
        
               | briatx wrote:
               | Pretty sure ACH and SWIFT can do more than 7 transactions
               | per second.
               | 
               | Talk about a step backward.
        
         | kache_ wrote:
         | Is it really getting this easy to create a shill account and
         | bot it on hnews?
        
         | aeternum wrote:
         | Suppose I create a new coin that I also call Nano. I create a
         | bunch of bots and websites and post on message boards so it
         | looks like my version is more popular and has more
         | participants.
         | 
         | How will people tell the difference?
        
           | barnbuilder wrote:
           | There are people and organizations attempting to do this with
           | Bitcoin right now. How do people tell the difference?
           | Sometimes they don't and they get scammed.
        
           | fwiwm2c wrote:
           | You won't. This is why Bitcoin is valuable since it has stood
           | the test of time and has gained more acceptability. Nanos and
           | other nonsense coins are just trying to attack the emperor in
           | the hope that they come close to it and thus make the
           | speculators a lot of money.
        
             | Tenal wrote:
             | It's weird how hard you go against literally anything
             | except Bitcoin because of your rabid obsession with
             | whatever paltry sum of money you've made over this one
             | dated technologically is. You're literally like a cancer-
             | ridden coal miner coughing his last lung to keep the mines
             | open. Good riddance.
        
               | fwiwm2c wrote:
               | Wow - someone missed the train and is salty. HFSP.
               | 
               | And you are not getting rid of me btw.
        
         | superbcarrot wrote:
         | The sibling comments show just how difficult it is to talk
         | constructively about these things even at a place like HN. I
         | have no idea about the technical merits of Nano but the
         | emotionally charged reactions with little argumentation aren't
         | helping anyone. Is there a place online where people actually
         | discusss cryptocurrencies on a technical/economic merit? That
         | kind of discussion certainly isn't happening on reddit, and
         | sadly not on HN either.
        
           | companyhen wrote:
           | That is why someone created
           | https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoTechnology/
        
         | mmastrac wrote:
         | > The lightning network is incredibly buggy and won't actually
         | solve the problems it's promising
         | 
         | I'm curious to know why this is the case. I don't know much
         | about it - ELI5 or a good link to read more?
        
           | rawtxapp wrote:
           | It's not, it's fully functional and there are many users.
           | Only people who haven't actually tried using it says things
           | like "it's incredibly buggy".
        
             | ketamine__ wrote:
             | How many? What is the transaction volume like compared to
             | Ethereum, Bitcoin, BSC, etc?
        
               | OGWhales wrote:
               | I found this site after reading your comment and being
               | curious myself. no promises on it being trustworthy data:
               | https://1ml.com/statistics
        
               | rawtxapp wrote:
               | Keep in mind that a lot of lightning end-users would have
               | private channels that are truly peer-to-peer, so number
               | of users is likely much higher than any public stats you
               | could gather.
        
         | domatic1 wrote:
         | - 51% attack is unlikely, pools have mining power but every
         | miner on the pool has to agree to the attack so it is still
         | decentralized.
         | 
         | - energy usage of gold is worse, that's not a good argument.
         | What is the energy use of air conditioners?
         | 
         | - transactions are slow yes but bitcoin is now used as a store
         | of value
         | 
         | - I'm sorry but nano doesn't have the network effect Bitcoin
         | has and never will.
        
           | imhoguy wrote:
           | > 51% attack is unlikely, pools have mining power but every
           | miner on the pool has to agree to the attack so it is still
           | decentralized.
           | 
           | Ok, what if they agree somehow either by govt order or
           | massive worm hack (Stuxnet like)?
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | > every miner on the pool has to agree to the attack so it is
           | still decentralized
           | 
           | Do you think most miners are continuously auditing the blocks
           | they are solving?
           | 
           | Yes, long-term they'd switch away from a dishonest/non-value-
           | aligned pool, but the damage might already be done at that
           | point.
        
         | benlivengood wrote:
         | There's also the other Bitcoin, BCH, which suffers from
         | basically none of the problems you listed.
         | 
         | If a 51% attack was actually lucrative then shouldn't at least
         | some miners attempt it given that BTC hash-power is about 100X
         | that of BCH?
        
           | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
           | It suffers from all the same problems. The only advantage it
           | has is that they chose a slightly larger arbitrary constant.
           | It still does not and can not scale. One order of magnitude
           | makes little difference when we're dealing with something
           | that is four orders of magnitude slower and four orders of
           | magnitude more power-hungry than the competition.
           | 
           | 100 maximum transactions per second is still orders of
           | magnitude too low to be useful on a daily basis outside of
           | niche uses (read: drugs). Ten minutes confirmation time is
           | still orders of magnitude worse than credit cards or cash.
           | 
           | Obviously, what we need is the _REAL_ Bitcoin from the
           | confirmed legitimate Satoshi Nakamoto: Bitcoin SV.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >Obviously, what we need is the REAL Bitcoin from the
             | confirmed legitimate Satoshi Nakamoto: Bitcoin SV.
             | 
             | This is sarcasm right?
        
               | xirbeosbwo1234 wrote:
               | Yes.
        
       | dandanua wrote:
       | Bitcoin network is constantly readjusting mining complexity, so
       | that every new block will be mined in approximately 10 minutes.
       | Then, they substitute the notion of time with the sequence of
       | Bitcoin blocks. Yeah, well done!
       | 
       | Bitcoin proponents are becoming more and more insane.
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | > Bitcoin proponents are becoming more and more insane.
         | 
         | Don't give them too much credit. The notion of time in
         | distributed systems has been defined "insanely" since at least
         | 1978[0].
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamport_timestamp
        
         | Vecr wrote:
         | It's always been like this, I'm not sure what you mean by
         | "becoming". According to this article, the concept comes from a
         | series of papers from the 1990s.
        
         | dandanua wrote:
         | EDIT: To be honest, knowledge of the hash of a block can be
         | used as a proof that something has happened AFTER a particular
         | event (similarly to a picture of a hostage with the newspaper).
         | 
         | But you can't prove that something has happened BEFORE a
         | particular event using Bitcoin hashes.
         | 
         | Also, this "feature" is unrelated to Bitcoin being a
         | cryptocurrency. You can have cryptocurrencies without "global
         | time" (e.g. NANO).
        
           | mtve wrote:
           | > But you can't prove that something has happened BEFORE a
           | particular event using Bitcoin hashes.
           | 
           | https://opentimestamps.org/
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | dandanua wrote:
             | Yes, you can do it if you put the hash of a message INTO
             | the chain as a transaction (I think they do something of
             | this kind). But in this way you will share the limits of
             | the Bitcoin network. They claim they do it in some
             | efficient way, though. But I wouldn't trust it without
             | checking their algorithm.
             | 
             | Anyway, any other "linear" blockchain (e.g. with PoS
             | consensus) can do the same work. No wasting of resources is
             | needed.
        
         | ravenstine wrote:
         | Or is it the detractors that are becoming more and more insane?
         | Perhaps it's both. There are so many detractors who seem to
         | have the need to go "hurmph!" every time someone mentions
         | Bitcoin, and often times they have knowledge gaps that destroy
         | their credibility. In every Bitcoin related thread here on HN,
         | there's tons of detractors who make ridiculous claims around
         | the utility and mechanics of Bitcoin that it's hard to take
         | them seriously. Why are they so invested in shouting down
         | Bitcoin in the first place? If someone doesn't like Bitcoin,
         | they can simply not use it. There's nothing wrong with healthy
         | criticism, but it's there's an air of emotional insecurity in
         | these people that makes me wonder whether they're former
         | Bitcoin supporters who got burned after 2017 because of their
         | misconceptions.
        
           | dandanua wrote:
           | What kind of misconceptions and knowledge gaps are you
           | talking about? Do you have examples of some unfair criticism
           | of Bitcoin?
        
           | Geee wrote:
           | I think the insane people are getting louder. :)
        
       | personlurking wrote:
       | Here's another good one (30 min read): Bitcoin is Venice
       | 
       | https://allenfarrington.medium.com/bitcoin-is-venice-8414dda...
        
         | gillesjacobs wrote:
         | Funny, I pinned Bitcoin more as the type to honeymoon at the
         | Maldives.
         | 
         | Bitcoin is a Venice, time, a Ponzi scheme, a climate disaster,
         | digital gold, dead (x400), criminal, a bubble...
         | 
         | The half-baked hot takes that reach the frontpage of HN are
         | getting better and better.
        
       | gt565k wrote:
       | Why are we still talking about bitcoin and first gen blockchain
       | tech. Yes it's old, yes it's slow, yes it wastes resources. It is
       | legacy software after all.
       | 
       | PoS solves the problem of mining and wasted energy.
       | 
       | Cardano's Ouroboros is a provable and secure Proof-of-Stake
       | blockchain protocol.
       | 
       | https://docs.cardano.org/en/latest/explore-cardano/relevant-...
        
         | olah_1 wrote:
         | I'm not saying this is you, but many people on HN will cry out
         | "Use Boring Tech!" while also not understanding why Bitcoin is
         | king.
         | 
         | Bitcoin is old, secure, proven, and most importantly _simple_.
         | 
         | Of course what you sacrifice with Proof of Stake is
         | sovereignty. A random person cannot participate in the network
         | unless they have X amount of existing resources. So that's the
         | trade-off as I understand it. Depends on where your values
         | align. No doubt that existing financial institutions would
         | prefer to be core partners with a performant PoS chain.
        
           | vekker wrote:
           | Doesn't the same hold for PoW systems, except the X amount is
           | in the form of mining resources? This is why people argue PoS
           | blockchains are (besides being more eco-friendly) actually
           | more decentralized.
        
             | olah_1 wrote:
             | >Doesn't the same hold for PoW systems, except the X amount
             | is in the form of mining resources?
             | 
             | That's not as true as I would have thought. Surprisingly, a
             | single person can have a profitable mining setup on Bitcoin
             | today. It might only be $10 USD per day profit, but it's
             | something. To me, that is an achievement.
        
           | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
           | Your point could be truth in theory, and/or in the future.
           | 
           | However, in practice, it seems that it almost works the other
           | way around.
           | 
           | To mine on BTC, you cannot enter the game with 10$ to your
           | name. You can't buy a mining rig, it is way too wasteful to
           | mine on your existing CPU, etc.
           | 
           | However if we look for example at staking in Ethereum, there
           | are decentralized (no trust required) pools that allow you to
           | stake however little amount of ETH. The chain itself will
           | require at least 32ETH to run a single meaningful staking
           | contract, but through pooling this is directly practically
           | accessible to anyone with even small amount of ETH.
        
             | olah_1 wrote:
             | There's a difference between merely making money and being
             | your own sovereign node in the network that is not reliant
             | on anyone else (other than your source of electricity :P).
             | 
             | Just making money, yes you can pool together. And that's a
             | great feature of smart contract networks. But we are also
             | seeing smart contracts being brought into Bitcoin that
             | allows the same things. I just think sovereignty and making
             | money shouldn't be conflated.
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | > Why are we still talking about bitcoin and first gen
         | blockchain tech.
         | 
         | Because it doesn't seem to be going away faster than the newer
         | generations. There is a real chance that if cryptocurrency ends
         | up being a thing forever that BTC is the winner. And that is an
         | environmental disaster until we get to 100% clean energy
         | worldwide.
        
           | Applejinx wrote:
           | Even then. This stuff produces heat.
           | 
           | The way the scaling operates, as it goes along, even if you
           | had FREE energy piped from a hyperspatial link in the heart
           | of the Sun... eventually the ASIC farms themselves will begin
           | to cook the planet.
           | 
           | It doesn't stay alive and profitable unless it keeps burning
           | energy MORE. The fact that the energy's going to come from
           | the dirtiest and most dangerous (cheapest) possible fuels, is
           | certainly a problem and will continue to be one for as long
           | as such fuels exist, but in the literal absence of fuel and
           | cost of fuel, the exponential-growth thing just switches to
           | the computers turning (now free and infinite) energy into
           | calculation.
           | 
           | There is always a bigger server farm, because such a thing
           | costs money, and those with money are the ones who can and
           | will make more of it. With cryptocurrency, that's just
           | literal, and their profitability is always a perfect and
           | direct match with how hard they can cheat or abuse any
           | possible rule there to constrain them. The end result,
           | perfectly untraceable and fungible, as long as the system is
           | allowed to continue.
           | 
           | Disaster will always be more profitable, in cryptocurrency-
           | land. I mean, I suppose you could play nice and barely make
           | any money...
        
         | casi wrote:
         | pretty weird seeing this recent trend of hn going from crypto-
         | resistant, to cardano pumping. out of all the blockchains
         | cardano? thats where you see the future? really?
         | 
         | bizarre.
        
           | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
           | Pretend that someone is really reading and trying to
           | understand for a moment ;).
           | 
           | What do you see in Cardano that makes it a poor candidate for
           | a future blockchain? Governance? Functionality? Algorithms?
           | Investment?
        
             | casi wrote:
             | well #1 would be Charles Hoskinson and his history...
             | 
             | but more meaningful opposition would be in why use a DPoS
             | network now that we can have PoS networks without the
             | delegation? if you value decentralisation and think it has
             | a future why would you go for a DPoS network that can so
             | far just send tokens, there are better dpos networks like
             | cosmos or polkadot, and ethereum is moving to pos. What is
             | cardano actually (still attempting) to solve that hasnt
             | already been solved by polkadot/cosmos?
             | 
             | Why use haskell as the contract language? do you think in
             | the limited pool of blockchain developers there are many
             | people are wanting to write haskell? and that they are
             | going to port all the existing tokens/defi/contracts made
             | over the past few years to a haskell+utxo model? who is
             | expected to build on this. in 15 years of dev work ive met
             | a handful of haskell devs, they are all in academia and
             | dont make production software.
             | 
             | And alongside that, and why i refer to it being pumped, is
             | that it is getting so much publicity but barely being used.
             | i just looked at the block explorer and in the past ten
             | blocks three are empty and the rest have a top of 10
             | transactions being processed. Where are the supposed
             | network effects driving it? shouldnt the blockspace be in
             | demand? especially with the recent price surge, if the
             | price is going up but it has empty blocks surely that is a
             | bad sign?
        
           | cloakandswagger wrote:
           | This is the only commenter in this post mentioning Cardano,
           | so I wouldn't characterize it as a trend.
           | 
           | Don't worry, HN comment sections will be filled with
           | indignant nocoiners for years to come.
        
         | ksm1717 wrote:
         | I wonder the same thing about people that still talk about
         | cars. Electric cars solve all the problems with cars. Why do we
         | even bother to talk about cars?
        
         | user-the-name wrote:
         | > PoS solves the problem of mining and wasted energy.
         | 
         | For a value of "solves" that doesn't actually include anyone
         | solving anything YET. Maybe in 18 months!
        
       | SkipperCat wrote:
       | Bitcoin is only popular because tech workers get paid a lot and
       | have the ability to speculate, we live in a world of massive
       | asset bubbles created by government fiscal policies and Bitcoin
       | is excellent for buying drugs on-line.
       | 
       | Most people want security in their assets, which is why a
       | majority of folks read articles about bitcoin but never touch
       | one.
       | 
       | All of these articles are great examples of creative writing. I
       | do kind of enjoy them.
        
         | neilwilson wrote:
         | "we live in a world of massive asset bubbles created by
         | government fiscal policies"
         | 
         | Do we? Or have we lived in a world where asset prices were
         | suppressed due to artificial intervention by central banks.
         | 
         | Interest rate setting is a market intervention. If left to its
         | own devices the market rate would be driven down towards zero.
        
           | flurben wrote:
           | > If left to its own devices the market rate would be driven
           | down towards zero.
           | 
           | How do you figure?
        
           | lolsal wrote:
           | Being driven down to zero I think means people would lend at
           | 0% interest - I would think thousands of years of anecdotal
           | evidence would speak to the contrary - how would it ever get
           | to zero? Who would lend like that? What would their
           | motivation be?
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | > Bitcoin is excellent for buying drugs on-line.
         | 
         | Out of all cryptocurrencies that exist today, Bitcoin is
         | probably the worst one for buying drugs online. It's pseudo-
         | anonymous at best (compared to Zcash that is actually
         | anonymous), slower than many others and if government agencies
         | have tracking tools in the cryptocurrency space, Bitcoin is
         | probably the most popular target for those tools.
        
           | vocatus_gate wrote:
           | Zcash is not anonymous; cloaked transactions are optional and
           | hardly anyone uses them (so they stick out like a sore
           | thumb). It also requires trust that the founders aren't
           | printing hidden coins (due to its flawed "trusted
           | initialization" procedure used at the coins inception).
           | 
           | Monero/XMR is the _only_ 100% private, fungible
           | cryptocurrency. All transactions enforced private by default,
           | with no option to send an un-private transaction.
        
         | arbawk wrote:
         | Actually it's pretty important for many:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLYYh4aPXAM
         | 
         | It's being widely adopted in countries with inflating
         | currencies: Nigeria, Vietnma, and Argentina made it to #3 today
         | (this link is slightly old).
         | https://www.statista.com/chart/18345/crypto-currency-adoptio...
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | Ironically, the number of people who use Bitcoin directly
           | (that is, on the blockchain with their own address) is
           | significantly smaller.
           | 
           | Most people use Bitcoin via exchanges, where they keep the
           | coins. The average crypto user from Nigeria has zero interest
           | in paying $10+ transaction fees every time they need to do
           | anything with their money.
           | 
           | At this point, it doesn't matter if they own BTC or ETH or
           | DOGE or whatever. They just want whatever allows them to move
           | money around. The exchanges could simply keep balances in a
           | database and reconcile them amongst each other via contracts,
           | and it wouldn't make any difference as far as the end users
           | are concerned (There are examples of this happening between
           | exchanges).
        
           | bena wrote:
           | I see this being thrown about as a talking point a lot, but I
           | think it ignores what's fundamentally happening here.
           | 
           | Bitcoin is essentially a proxy for another currency. Mostly
           | the USD. These people need a way to protect their assets from
           | what their own governments are doing to the value of their
           | native currencies.
           | 
           | They cannot buy securities or foreign currencies for various
           | reasons.
           | 
           | Bitcoin gives them a way. A way to convert their native
           | currencies into USD, a stronger currency.
           | 
           | So while it's a good use-case for Bitcoin, it's not exactly a
           | situation that's applicable to the world at large.
        
             | andreygrehov wrote:
             | > Bitcoin is essentially a proxy for another currency.
             | 
             | Yes, but this is only temporarily. It's like refactoring
             | systems. You create a new system and a proxy and then have
             | the old system communicate with the new one via the proxy
             | (or vice versa). Eventually, the old system becomes
             | obsolete, so you kill it and get rid of the proxy.
        
               | PragmaticPulp wrote:
               | But if your proxy takes at least $10 of your currency
               | every time you use it, you would expect people to look
               | for a different proxy.
               | 
               | In your example, Bitcoin would obviously be the "old
               | system" if everyone wanted to use it for moving money
               | around, because there are plenty of more advanced
               | alternatives that work far better.
               | 
               | So why is Bitcoin so popular? Because it's a speculative
               | investment. A new asset class divorced from fundamentals,
               | making it impossible to say when the value is too high.
               | That's why people like it.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | But there is no evidence Bitcoin will ever make that
               | transition. Gold has been around forever and we still
               | don't transact with it.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | dcist wrote:
           | I fail to see how something with wildly fluctuating value
           | like bitcoin can ever serve as a stable currency or medium of
           | exchange.
           | 
           | Maybe it's a "less terrible" solution in poor countries with
           | inflation challenges, but I don't see that as a strong
           | proposition for the utility of bitcoin. Cigarettes are used
           | as a medium of exchange in prison. That doesn't serve as a
           | strong argument for using cigarettes as currency.
        
             | druidmaster wrote:
             | Volatility is only problematic to the downside, not the
             | upside. Bitcoin's volatility is _skewed_ to the upside. Yes
             | if you were not advised properly, and buy the top, you may
             | be down, but only temporarily.
             | 
             | There are long phases in BTC's history where 100% of
             | holders are in very handsome profits. And that's the
             | problem?
        
               | dcist wrote:
               | No, it's also problematic to the upside if you're trying
               | to use it as currency or medium of exchange rather than a
               | speculative investment. How do sellers of assets price
               | things? If I'm trying to sell a home in bitcoin and btc
               | surges in value one day, do I lower my price accordingly?
               | Or do I wait to see if btc goes back down a bit and
               | settles? Volatility - both up and down - is destructive
               | to price discovery.
               | 
               | If you're just making long speculative investments in btc
               | and volatility is skewed to the upside, well sure that's
               | fine but you're not using bitcoin as a medium of
               | exchange, you're investing in it as a security.
        
         | tootahe45 wrote:
         | I'm pretty sure it's primarily poor people buying into crypto,
         | not tech workers. Go to r/cryptocurrency and read the posts,
         | does it look like HN (primarily tech people)? are there any
         | technical discussions, or is it just full of get-rich-quick
         | hopers?
         | 
         | hint: posts mostly consist of "<famous guy> tweeted about <my
         | favourite shitcoin>, this is good for the price of <my
         | favourite shitcoin>".
        
           | vocatus_gate wrote:
           | Correct. If anything, tech workers like we find on HN tend to
           | be more openly against Bitcoin (specifically) and
           | cryptocurrency in general. The people I see buying it on
           | /r/cryptocurrency are the ones posting "finally managed to
           | get 0.01 BTC!"
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | olah_1 wrote:
       | This is the article that made things finally click with me.
       | Thinking about the pre-WWI gold standard and the issues that
       | existed there and the improvements that Bitcoin brings around
       | time, consensus, etc.
       | 
       | The baseless negative comments with no interaction with the
       | article content confirms for me that Bitcoin is on to something.
       | Sour grapes syndrome is a result of pride, I think.
        
         | toto444 wrote:
         | > Sour grapes syndrome is a result of pride, I think.
         | 
         | Or maybe it comes from people who have read an Econo101
         | textbook and who have spent a lot of time trying to explain a
         | crowd of Bitcoin enthusiasts why their reasoning is wrong but
         | no one has been listening to them so far so they are bored.
         | 
         | Back in the time I used to spend my days on a forum about
         | Economics. Every other week there was a random guy who signed
         | up just to explain us his grand new theory about money. It
         | seems that tech has enabled a grand new theory about money to
         | be implemented.
         | 
         | That does not make it less true that money does not have
         | magical properties and bitcoin will not create a new world
         | order.
        
           | ballofrubber wrote:
           | Would you care to share your Econo101 knowledge?
           | 
           | I'm not an economist, but nothing has convinced me yet that
           | bitcoin is not the best form of money.
        
             | toto444 wrote:
             | > I'm not an economist, but nothing has convinced me yet
             | that bitcoin is not the best form of money.
             | 
             | Contrary to the Bitcoin crow I don't spend my days thinking
             | about it so my argument may seem weak. You mention bitcoin
             | being 'the best form of money'. Assuming there is a
             | hierarchy of forms of money, from what I understand the
             | main advantage of Bitcoin is that Government can not
             | manipulate its quantity. I wonder if a world where there is
             | no possibility for governments to use monetary policy in
             | times of trouble to stabilize the economy is desirable.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | I would say that it shouldn't be the role of a government
               | to govern over money.
               | 
               | The economy is very complicated. There are no models that
               | can predict the output of changing its parameters. It
               | wasn't possible before to have the properties in money
               | that we have with bitcoin (a gold standard was easily
               | removable by a powerful government). The current central
               | banking system is an experiment as much as anything
               | before it and anything that will follow.
               | 
               | I see it like this. I want my economic output to be
               | measured in something that is:
               | 
               | - salabale over time (1 btc is always 1/21 million of the
               | monetary base)
               | 
               | - salabale over space (i want to work remote)
               | 
               | - understandable and auditable (the bitcoin concept can
               | be understood by everyone, the code is auditable by mid-
               | level developers)
        
               | Nursie wrote:
               | > (1 btc is always 1/21 million of the monetary base)
               | 
               | Why is that good? Why should I, if I have 1 bitcoin,
               | always have ownership of a fixed proportion of the entire
               | societal monetary base?
               | 
               | This seems like a great deal for someone who has a
               | bitcoin, and a terrible situation for new workers and the
               | economy as a whole. If the economy expands, your fixed
               | proportion of the monetary base sees you profit off the
               | backs of others for nothing more than sitting on
               | currency. Not investing, not even speculating, just
               | sitting on it.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | As an employee I would rather have the lever in
               | renegotiations. I also would like to be able to save
               | without having to put my economic output at risk.
               | 
               | If you don't invest your bitcoin in productive assets you
               | will be behind peers who do that, however they carry a
               | risk.
               | 
               | Today you carry risk if you don't invest your savings.
               | However with low-income you can't, as you need emergency
               | funds.
        
               | Nursie wrote:
               | What lever?
               | 
               | As an employee, in a growing economy denominated in
               | bitcoin, you would see your pay drop frequently as the
               | money supply gets stretched. There's no reason at all to
               | think BTC-denominated salaries would be able to stay
               | constant as the value of the money rises.
               | 
               | > I also would like to be able to save without having to
               | put my economic output at risk.
               | 
               | That's not the same thing, a fixed proportion of the
               | money supply does not guarantee that, nor is it a
               | necessary precondition.
               | 
               | Further, this is not in the interest of wider society -
               | work today should be valued more than work yesterday. If
               | you want to grow your money, you make it work.
               | 
               | This is just a rehash of the problems with the gold
               | standard now. But worse.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | > As an employee, in a growing economy denominated in
               | bitcoin, you would see your pay drop frequently as the
               | money supply gets stretched. There's no reason at all to
               | think BTC-denominated salaries would be able to stay
               | constant as the value of the money rises.
               | 
               | Assuming the world productivity is denominated in 21
               | million bitcoin, if world productivity grows by 3% per
               | year, my salary of 1 bitcoin gets more purchasing power.
               | This is where you get a lever with your employer, he
               | needs you to earn less, you don't have to negotiate to
               | earn more (same applies to minimum wage, it needs to be
               | adjusted upwards in a inflationary monetary system)
               | 
               | Every money is inherently more valuable yesterday than
               | today, as you can divest it. I would argue that it is
               | very much in the interest of the wider society to have
               | their savings not inflated.
               | 
               | The best way to make your money work will always be to
               | invest it in productivity, be it in educating yourself or
               | investing it in companies. This investments need to be a
               | lot more smarter and more sustainable than those of
               | today, as the base money is not worth less every year.
               | 
               | I think wasteful spending is a property of an
               | inflationary money, where smart spending would be a
               | required property in a non-inflationary money.
        
               | Nursie wrote:
               | There's no lever there. In a bitcoin economy there's no
               | chance your contract gives you a fixed salary in the
               | first place, it would be tied to some measure of
               | inflation.
               | 
               | Like I said, most of the rest is just a rehash of gold
               | standard stuff.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | > Like I said, most of the rest is just a rehash of gold
               | standard stuff.
               | 
               | Exactly, however bitcoin is infinitely better money than
               | gold and makes the "gold standard" viable. Fortunately
               | the gold standard has a lot of proponents globally, some
               | of whom started embracing bitcoin.
               | 
               | I just hope that the experiment bitcoin keeps on going
               | and I'm guessing we will see some form of resolution,
               | maybe even in this decade. There is a lot to learn still.
        
               | Nursie wrote:
               | Ah, I see, you haven't figured out why the gold standard
               | was terrible either.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | Tbh. my very basic knowledge comes from strongly
               | opinionated austrian economics literature, which tends to
               | confirm my bias, and from [0], which at least gives me
               | some data points to refer to.
               | 
               | Do you mind giving me some of your arguments why it's
               | terrible?
               | 
               | [0] https://wtfhappenedin1971.com/
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | > my salary of 1 bitcoin gets more purchasing power
               | 
               | You assume your salary remains fixed. Why would it? As a
               | portion of global productivity, your contribution
               | shrinks.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | Unfortunately my salary is fixed today as well and not
               | only does it shrink as a portion of global productivity,
               | but also as a portion of the monetary supply.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | > if world productivity grows by 3% per year, my salary
               | of 1 bitcoin gets more purchasing power.
               | 
               | but you are going to pay more for the same goods and
               | services
               | 
               | if your bitcoin is 3% more valuable, when you use it to
               | buy milk it's going to cost you 3% more
               | 
               | the game is working only because today if bitcoins
               | increase their value you can exchange them for more fiat
               | money
               | 
               | in a bitcoin economy one bitcoin is worth exactly one
               | bitcoin, forever, whatever that buys
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | In a non-inflationary monetary system cost of goods
               | decreases every year, thats how productivity growth
               | works.
               | 
               | You seem to have it backwards, this is where the Econo101
               | book from the parent comment might help ;) /s
               | 
               | Inflation drives down the purchasing power, hence why
               | milk gets more expensive every year, even though we get
               | much more efficient at producing it. Remove inflation and
               | 1 bitcoin buys you a liter today and 1.03 litres next
               | year.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | > In a non-inflationary monetary system cost of goods
               | decreases every year
               | 
               | and so do salaries, they are a cost to someone ...
               | 
               | as long as your purchasing power stays the same salaries
               | will go down as well.
               | 
               | it's simply natural.
               | 
               | you can't really believe that billions of people will get
               | rich by sitting on the salary of a single year
               | 
               | BTW that liter of milk will generate 3% more profit to
               | the seller. there is no incentive to lower the prices if
               | hoarding is so rewarding
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | Salaries are negotiable and the renegotiation lever is
               | skewed towards the employee. e.g. "i accept the pay cut
               | of 3%, but will need 2 days of vaction more" vs "please
               | employer pay me 3% more to combat inflation"
               | 
               | You won't get more rich by sitting on your salary, but
               | you will also not get more poor like you do today.
               | 
               | If the milk seller doesn't lower his prices a competitor
               | will do that, as he is able to do that with the bigger
               | margin the better productivity brought.
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | Here in Italy I already have 28 days of paid vacation and
               | can't be fired without motive and a judge can reinstate
               | the worker if the motive was not valid
               | 
               | That's a political issue, it has nothing to do with how
               | currencies work
               | 
               | If the milk seller is going to lower the prices to beat
               | competitors, workers will compete on salaries as well
               | 
               | nothing different from what we have now, the only
               | difference is that rich people could amass fortunes much
               | more easily than today
               | 
               | they'll just need to keep their money in the bank (i.e.
               | their gold reserve will keep appreciating by the virtue
               | of existing)
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | That's great for you, honestly!
               | 
               | Rich get richer today by being closer to the money
               | source. In the "bitcoin standard" non-rich people can
               | even keep their money in the bank and don't lose
               | purchasing power by not risking it.
               | 
               | Rich and non-rich will always want to take risk to
               | increase their net worth, however the assets must perform
               | much better to outperform the money. Unlike today where
               | almost all investments appreciate when measured in fiat.
               | 
               | edit:
               | 
               | > That's a political issue, it has nothing to do with how
               | currencies work
               | 
               | Would you agree that it would be a good thing if the base
               | monetary layer would enable that? I only see that
               | happening with a monetary policy that respects savings
               | and is not alterable by a few elected and unelected
               | officials
        
               | africanboy wrote:
               | > can even keep their money in the bank and don't lose
               | purchasing power by not risking it.
               | 
               | assuming they don't need the money to live and realise
               | that 5 years ago they spent a today fortune on a liter of
               | milk...
        
             | betterunix2 wrote:
             | The collective energy spent by Bitcoin miners equals the
             | energy consumption of Argentina, yet the Bitcoin network
             | only processes a small fraction of the number of
             | transactions per day that Visa processes. For reference,
             | Visa itself consumes only a small fraction as much energy
             | as Argentina.
             | 
             | In other words, you must cover the cost of vastly more
             | energy per Bitcoin transaction compared to the mainstream
             | financial system. Environmental concerns aside, that
             | amounts to a huge tax on every transaction that reduces the
             | economic efficiency of the system. Note also that this is a
             | per-transaction tax, regardless of transaction size, making
             | Bitcoin less useful for small transactions.
             | 
             | There is also the fact that such a high energy cost per
             | transaction causes the value of Bitcoin to be more strongly
             | correlated with the price of energy. Energy prices are
             | notoriously volatile; hence Bitcoin's value will also be
             | volatile. Volatility makes a currency less useful (it
             | introduces risk into every transaction and disincentives
             | investment) and a very volatile currency will eventually be
             | abandoned entirely. It should surprise nobody that the
             | overwhelming majority of merchants who "accept
             | cryptocurrency" as payment do so via services that
             | _immediately_ convert that cryptocurrency payment into
             | their local fiat currency, because the majority of the
             | world 's fiat currencies have very stable values (compared
             | to Bitcoin etc.).
             | 
             | I could go on but to be honest the technical objections to
             | Bitcoin outweigh the economic objections, at least in my
             | opinion. Happy to get into those objections as well if
             | anyone is interested.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | Western Union has a lower transaction rate than Visa, so
               | does that make it necessarily less useful or valuable
               | (either absolutely or per-kilowatt)?
               | 
               | Also, as you noted the energy usage is correlated with
               | the value, not the transaction rate. Transaction rate
               | limits could be changed arbitrarily without affecting the
               | energy usage of the coin.
               | 
               | However you have the causal relationship backwards: The
               | value of the coin determines what level of electricity
               | spending is profitable for miners. The electricity
               | spending of miners doesn't determine the value.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | "Western Union has a lower transaction rate than Visa, so
               | does that make it necessarily less useful or valuable
               | (either absolutely or per-kilowatt)?"
               | 
               | The transaction rate is not what matters; what matters is
               | the energy spent per transaction. Visa process many more
               | transactions for much less energy than Bitcoin, and is
               | therefore more efficient. I suspect Western Union's
               | energy consumption is roughly in proportion to Visa's,
               | but I have no data (the Visa example comes right out of
               | their annual report, which covers both the number of
               | transactions and amount of energy consumed).
               | 
               | "The electricity spending of miners doesn't determine the
               | value."
               | 
               | The energy cost determines the transaction fees. Higher
               | transaction fees make Bitcoin less valuable by imposing a
               | greater burden on using the system. Yes, there are other
               | factors that determine price of Bitcoin, but if nothing
               | else changed ("all things being equal") then volatility
               | in energy prices would trigger volatility in transaction
               | fees and thus volatility in Bitcoin's overall value.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | My point was that WU and Visa solve totally different
               | problems which have different challenges. Why should it
               | be expected they would have a similar cost per
               | transaction?
               | 
               | > Higher transaction fees make Bitcoin less valuable by
               | imposing a greater burden on using the system ...
               | volatility in energy prices would trigger volatility in
               | transaction fees and thus volatility in Bitcoin's overall
               | value.
               | 
               | Good point, that is certainly a risk with Bitcoin.
               | 
               | EDIT: Actually thinking about it more I'm not sure why
               | this would be true. Since the transaction rate is not
               | related to the number of miners, volatility in energy
               | prices might cause miners to enter/leave the system but I
               | don't see why it would impact the coin prices.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | Whichever miner mines the block that a transaction is
               | included in must collect at least enough in transaction
               | fees to cover the energy spent on mining. Since the block
               | size (and thus number of transactions that can be
               | recorded per block) is fixed, this implies that any
               | increase in the global price of energy will raise Bitcoin
               | transaction fees (all things being equal). This assumes
               | that the transaction rate is always at the maximum
               | possible; if the transaction rate is too low and blocks
               | are not being filled, the effect is even more pronounced
               | as there are fewer transactions over which the energy
               | cost can be recuperated (last I checked, Bitcoin is
               | already operating at its maximum transaction rate, but
               | someone may want to correct me on that).
               | 
               | The reason it impacts coin prices is that higher
               | transaction fees make Bitcoin less desirable as a medium
               | of exchange and reduces demand. To put it another way,
               | let's say I am paid in Bitcoin. If transaction fees
               | increase, I will need to demand a higher nominal salary,
               | at least enough to cover the transaction fees incurred
               | when I spend my salary. Likewise, any merchants that
               | accept Bitcoin payments will raise their prices, to cover
               | the fees they will have to pay. Yet the same work is
               | being done and the same goods are being sold; hence,
               | inflation, or in other words, the value of Bitcoin has
               | decreased.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | If transaction demand stays equal, and the rate of
               | transactions that can be processed stays equal, then why
               | would the fees raise? If electricity costs go up, miners
               | will be priced out of the market, and then difficulty
               | will go down for other miners making it profitable again
               | once the hash rate drops enough.
               | 
               | Miners can't choose the transaction fees, they will
               | either process the most expensive transactions they see
               | or just stop mining. If they stop mining, that doesn't
               | impact the rate of transactions that can be processed.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | The number of miners does not really matter. Whatever
               | miner mined a given block must receive enough to cover
               | the electricity cost, regardless of how many other miners
               | are involved. There is also no particular incentive for a
               | miner to reduce his own electricity consumption in
               | response to the difficulty being reduced. The only reason
               | miners will shut their equipment down is if they are
               | unable to cover their electricity costs because e.g.
               | nobody is willing to pay the higher transaction fees.
               | 
               | Obviously everything I described is a simplified model
               | where energy costs change equally for all miners. The
               | real world is not that simple, but there is some
               | correlation in energy costs across different regions as
               | there is a global market for typical fuels (coal, natural
               | gas, uranium, etc.).
               | 
               | It is also important to remember that transaction fees
               | are not in proportion to transaction sizes. People doing
               | large Bitcoin transactions could absorb much higher fees,
               | so in all likelihood nobody would be priced out of the
               | market (and Bitcoin would be dominated by large
               | transactions, which is more or less the case right now).
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | I am not suggesting miners will react to the difficulty
               | change. The difficulty change reacts to the miners.
               | 
               | Miners will shut their equipment down as soon as the
               | electricity costs become greater than the rewards. When
               | some of the miners shut their equipment down, that causes
               | a difficulty change which makes mining profitable again
               | for the remaining miners, and also keeps the transaction
               | rate the same. The miners have no way to impact what
               | transaction fees are acceptable because they have no
               | control over the transaction rate.
        
               | hfsp wrote:
               | >Bitcoin network only processes a small fraction of the
               | number of transactions per day that Visa processes
               | 
               | Btc is not replacing visa. Btc is replacing central
               | banks. The appropriate comparison here is what is the
               | energy cost of the banking infrastructure of the
               | incumbent system.
               | 
               | >Environmental concerns aside I am concerned that you are
               | using electricity to power your computer, access the
               | internet, and comment on HN. Are you the arbiter of
               | "moral" energy use? Am I? Slippery slope, and an anti-
               | human one at that.
               | 
               | >Energy prices are notoriously volatile; hence Bitcoin's
               | value will also be volatile.
               | 
               | This is not how it works. There is an argument to be made
               | for risk of on-grid miners sudden increase of electricity
               | prices in the case of a power shortage. Miners don't like
               | this type of risk, so they choose to locate at places
               | with abundant supplies and stables prices of electricity.
               | Miners sign long-term electricity agreements. Risk to off
               | grid miners is another level removed from on grid miners.
               | 
               | >will eventually be abandoned entirely. According to how
               | you feel? All signs point otherwise.
               | 
               | >the technical objections to Bitcoin outweigh the
               | economic objections You are free to make your own fork,
               | BIP, or new "crypto" and compete. Good luck. By the way,
               | there are 7999 "crypto" coins competing and losing so
               | far.
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | Aside from its transaction costs, which may be mitigated by
             | the lightning network, Bitcoin is still a lousy currency.
             | One important function of money is the creation of credit.
             | If you have a large quantity of money that you don't want
             | to spend in the short term, the money is better put to use
             | by loaning it to a small business or couple purchasing
             | their first house.
             | 
             | Without regulation or FDIC insurance, very few people would
             | be willing to give their bitcoins to a bank so that it
             | could be lent out to people who have a better use for it.
             | Even if a Bitcoin bank could exist, an economic downturn
             | could cause a liquidity crisis, where everyone tries to
             | withdraw their Bitcoin at once. The banks would have no way
             | of returning the Bitcoins to many of their customers.
             | Because there is no central bank that can print out
             | Bitcoin, the entire Bitcoin financial system would be in
             | ruin following the crisis.
        
             | boringg wrote:
             | Um transaction costs alone make it not the best use of
             | money. It isn't widely used for goods that you would want
             | to use on a day to day basis / the transaction costs of
             | using it / energy use for bitcoin are some of the low
             | hanging counters to why it isn't the best form of widely
             | used currency.
             | 
             | Are those things that can change over time? Certainly - but
             | it hasn't happened yet.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | These low hanging counters have been discussed over a
               | lot.
               | 
               | Transaction cost is pretty low in multiple views:
               | 
               | - You can globally settle billions of dollars worth of
               | bitcoin for less than 10$ [0]
               | 
               | - FIAT Settlements between banks is a complicated and
               | non-auditable process, which is internationally speaking
               | also very slow
               | 
               | - You can build layers on top of bitcoin, i.e. the
               | Lightning Network or liquid, which reduces transaction
               | costs and time by a lot (sub cent range in the lightning
               | network)
               | 
               | Energy usage is not tied to transaction throughput. It is
               | vital to be very high in the future, as it secures this
               | global and auditable settlement network. Mining is a very
               | competitive business. Renewable and unused energy IS the
               | cheapest energy available (without govt. subsidies), thus
               | the most competitive miners will use them. Mining also
               | "subsidizes" research in cheap energy, as it gives you a
               | competitive advantage.
               | 
               | [0] https://twitter.com/CoreFeeHelper/status/136678735198
               | 5287168
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | Im answering his question why bitcoin is not the best use
               | of money:
               | 
               | (1) Most people don't settle on large volumes (thats
               | typically banks/states/institutionals) so small volumes
               | have a high cost percentage making it not a good daily
               | driver. The fact that there is any transaction cost makes
               | it challenging to work with as a daily money vehicle for
               | consumers.
               | 
               | (2) It requires energy to exist and keep a ledger, it
               | also requires energy to mine. Your comment on renewable
               | energy isn't accurate sadly and unused energy works only
               | if you can get access to it which isn't universally
               | available. In some jurisdictions renewable energy beats
               | on price but this is largely on huge projects that are
               | bid into utility grids (At least in North America). It
               | will get there but still needs more time.
               | 
               | I don't see how mining subsidizes research in cheap
               | energy.
               | 
               | Understand they have been debated ad nasueum and the
               | reason is that they haven't really passed muster for the
               | use case we are talking about.
               | 
               | Don't equate my arguments as saying bitcoin is bad - it
               | doesn't have a good universal use case for money and it
               | does have negative environmental benefits associated with
               | it.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | (1) I think people assume that just because bitcoin
               | exists banks will vanish. Bitcoin is the protocol that
               | banks can use, but individuals as well. Also,
               | micropayments on Bitcoin exist today. I encourage you to
               | download a lightning network wallet (e.g. Breez Wallet:
               | non-custodial and open source) and send me a "lightning-
               | invoice" I can pay you in the sub-cent range.
               | 
               | (2) It requires real world resources to be spend and uses
               | the most globally available resource, energy. I see it as
               | a feature not a bug.
               | 
               | Renewable energy is the cheapest though[0] and thus the
               | one that competitive miners need to use. Non-competitive
               | miners get driven out very fast thanks to the difficulty
               | adjustment.
               | 
               | Any percentage of optimization you can get in your energy
               | production you can use to outperform other miners, thus
               | get more of the block subsidy and drive out inefficient
               | miners.
               | 
               | Bitcoin mining de-risks investments in energy producing
               | facilities. You always have a buyer for your energy,
               | which is a problem especially in renewables. [1]
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_of_electricity_by_
               | source [1] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/
               | abs/pii/S13640...
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | > It requires real world resources to be spend and uses
               | the most globally available resource, energy. I see it as
               | a feature not a bug.
               | 
               | Such a horrific, unproductive use of energy is definitely
               | a bug from a scientific perspective, maybe not for a
               | financier.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | I think from a scientific view, allowing and observing
               | the experiment bitcoin is extremely interesting. Nothing
               | like it has challenged economic thinking in the last
               | decades.
               | 
               | It is very productive for a large population of the
               | world.[0]
               | 
               | Not everyone gets paid in a stable currency or has easy
               | access to it.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLYYh4aPXAM
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | How it is challenging economic thinking? There is a near-
               | zero chance cryptocurrencies replace an actual currency
               | as the global reserve, so it's going to continue to be a
               | novelty until people move on to something shinier.
               | 
               | > Not everyone gets paid in a stable currency or has easy
               | access to it.
               | 
               | Bitcoin doesn't appear to solve this issue at all. How is
               | private manipulation of Bitcoin any different than an
               | authoritarian manipulating the local currency? If I was
               | in a country with unstable currency, I'd want Euro or US
               | Dollars, not bitcoin.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | I think that the chairmen of the fed and ecb arguing
               | about bitcoin is a strong signal of a challenge.
               | 
               | As I and the video mentioned Euro and USD is not easily
               | accessible in those countries, Bitcoin doesn't need
               | permission though.
               | 
               | What you refer to as private manipulation is called
               | supply and demand, maybe try reading Econo101 :)
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | > What you refer to as private manipulation is called
               | supply and demand, maybe try reading Econo101 :)
               | 
               | Does Econ 101 cover asset bubbles or financial
               | manipulation? It's been so long, that I can't remember,
               | but I promise you that prices can reflect things other
               | than supply and demand once you manage to get past that
               | first class.
               | 
               | > Bitcoin doesn't need permission though
               | 
               | No authoritarian would EVER cut off or filter the
               | internet in their country. Nope, has never happened, will
               | never happen.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | > No authoritarian would EVER cut off or filter the
               | internet in their country. Nope, has never happened, will
               | never happen.
               | 
               | You're right, Myanmar just did that! Scary to think of
               | it. Fortunately Bitcoin works over more communication
               | protocols, but no internet is certainly not in any way
               | easily defendable today. But i still think that physical
               | and banked usd, euros and gold are more easily seizable
               | by a government. A no internet scenario is probably
               | economic suicide by any government.
               | 
               | I really don't get what you mean by financial
               | manipulation in regards to bitcoin.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | > I really don't get what you mean by financial
               | manipulation in regards to bitcoin.
               | 
               | Bitcoin entered a speculative bubble in the middle of
               | 2017.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | And that is financial manipulation how?
               | 
               | The supply got less, while the demand didn't decrease.
               | The intrinsic value increased because of the network and
               | lindy effect, which is why institutional investors jumped
               | in. Bitcoin entered a speculative bubble the moment the
               | first block was created.
               | 
               | I would say we just don't know the price of bitcoin yet,
               | hence the heavy volatility.
               | 
               | What would you price it at? Are you shorting it?
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | I wouldn't price it at all, because I don't see it as
               | valuable, and I don't gamble, so I'm not going to short
               | it. The supply got less because people bought bitcoin
               | based on media hype. That's pretty classic manipulation.
        
               | ballofrubber wrote:
               | I'm astonished that you have such a strong opinion, while
               | not even trying to understand how pricing works. Good
               | thing you're not gambling on that!
               | 
               | Media hype typically drives demand, not supply. Supply in
               | bitcoin is a very fundamental concept and controversial
               | topic, which is a function of proof of work, difficulty
               | adjustment and block subsidy.
               | 
               | What exactly in supply and demand is manipulation? You
               | can't just shout manipulation and argue with "media
               | hype", which historically for bitcoin is very mixed[0]
               | and affects any asset class?
               | 
               | [0]https://99bitcoins.com/bitcoin-obituaries/
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Proponents of Bitcoin are rarely financiers. It's clear
               | to me that they don't understand finance.
        
               | Mc_Big_G wrote:
               | Bitcoin has transitioned to "store of value", like gold,
               | not "frequently transacted currency", like the dollar.
               | There's plenty of other crypto currencies that fill that
               | need.
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | Don't disagree - I am just correcting the OP comment
               | about it being the best use case for money. It isn't the
               | best use for money.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | For Bitcoin specifically. You can use a different token
             | backed up by Bitcoin, but the actual implementation has
             | these issues.
             | 
             | Transaction rates - Artificially kept low to profit miners.
             | 
             | Privacy - Every Bitcoin transactions is on a public
             | blockchain.
             | 
             | Transaction fees - Using Bitcoin for even one transaction a
             | day gets expensive.
             | 
             | Online only - Unlike cash only works with network access.
             | 
             | Conformation Time - Failing to wait for conformation in
             | effect allows double spend attacks. Think 10 people buying
             | computer equipment from different stores at the same time.
             | 
             | Assuming the implementation was changed to support wider
             | adoption, a fixed currency has significant economic issues.
             | For example, making or taking a loan in a currency that's
             | gaining value quickly becomes untenable.
             | 
             | PS: Of course all of this could be changed, but
             | acknowledging issues is the first step in selecting a new
             | set of tradeoffs.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | First off, thank you for making fair criticisms.
               | Unfortunately some of your information is old.
               | 
               | You don't need a bitcoin backed token, lightning does it.
               | 
               | Transaction rates are not artificially kept low. In fact
               | most the vast majority of the time bitcoin has excess
               | capacity.
               | 
               | Privacy- this is a legitimate concern but it is
               | improving, slowly. Taoroot and Lightning are both privacy
               | improvements.
               | 
               | So your daily transactions aren't meant for bitcoin. A
               | distributed ledger that replicates all data globally for
               | eternity is not an appropriate method for recording
               | coffee purchases. Though I have done it. Bitcoin makes
               | sense for settlement, and lightning is appropriate for
               | coffee.
               | 
               | That said, I regularly clear bitcoin transactions for $1
               | or less in fees, and it is cheaper then every other form
               | of payment in the world. You may think a SWIFT
               | transaction is "free", but its merely the cost is hidden.
               | And don't forget the inflation tax, that is a global
               | wealth tax on any money held in an inflating currency. So
               | compared to that, $1 to send $100 is cheap.
               | 
               | Online Only- I don't think there is a solution to this
               | criticism, but not sure what the issue is.
               | 
               | Lightning allows speed without double spend problems.
               | Personally when moving large (for me) amounts of money I
               | font mind waiting an hour for the confirmations. I
               | certainly won't trust a payment without them.
               | 
               | But bitcoin is voluntary, it doesn't have to be perfect
               | in every regard.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | > Transaction rates are not artificially kept low.
               | 
               | You can look it up, larger blocks where allowed in the
               | past, 1MB is a completely arbitrary size that was
               | overkill at the time but hasn't increased. Even 1$
               | transactions are quite expensive though they are often
               | much higher.
               | 
               | The lighting network has it's own separate set of issues.
               | It's Bitcoin backed but loses some of Bitcoins
               | advantages: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.08513.pdf
               | 
               | > Online Only- I don't think there is a solution to this
               | criticism, but not sure what the issue is.
               | 
               | It's simply a dependency. Shops may have issues accepting
               | CC payments after a hurricane for example, but they can
               | always take cash.
        
               | vntok wrote:
               | Generalized mesh networks should solve this problem quite
               | nicely in the next decade.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | Generalized mesh networks will solve power outages?
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | The block size is not a limiting factor in transactions.
               | And it was quadrupled in 2017.
               | 
               | The biggest problem with bitcoin is that scammers spread
               | FUD to justify their scam coins and too many people
               | believe the FUD.
               | 
               | You are repeating FUD here and basing it in your non-
               | understanding of how bitcoin works.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | "Online Only- I don't think there is a solution to this
               | criticism, but not sure what the issue is."
               | 
               | The fact that I need to connect to some peer-to-peer
               | network or third party service for every transaction is a
               | limiting factor. It reduces the efficiency of the system
               | and increases latency, and it adds additional points of
               | failure.
               | 
               | In fact it can be solved for electronic transactions and
               | there is a mountain of published research on the topic
               | that dates back to the late 80s. Here is a recent
               | research paper:
               | 
               | https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/1220.pdf
               | 
               | The idea is to ensure that users who attempt to double
               | spend can be identified and penalized later (e.g. by
               | being added to a blacklist; some systems actually ensure
               | that _all_ transactions in which the cheating user
               | participated can be identified, so merchants who try to
               | evade the blacklist can also be penalized). The money has
               | to be issued by a bank under the security definition. If
               | anonymity is not a requirement -- and presumably a
               | Bitcoin enthusiast does not care about anonymity since
               | Bitcoin is not anonymous -- this can be easily achieved
               | by using ordinary digital signatures.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | I think you are not understanding how bitcoin works, and
               | this exact problem of double spending was better solved
               | by bitcoin. You dont need to trust a third oarty or
               | "online service", you can dimply run a bitcoin node. If
               | it is that important a raspberry pi and SSD is cheaper
               | than your average credit card terminal.
               | 
               | The credit card network, by the way, is much worse in
               | this regard.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | ...so you need to be online, connected to the rest of the
               | Bitcoin peer-to-peer network, to engage in a transaction.
               | I am talking about offline transactions, where I only
               | need to communicate with the other party in the
               | transaction. Again, you can just read the paper I gave a
               | link to, which describes this scenario, or any of the
               | other hundreds of papers published on the topic.
        
             | vishnugupta wrote:
             | This[1] is an insightful article from an economist who has
             | experienced the real world economics from very close
             | quarters.
             | 
             | I don't have any opinion about Bitcoin one way or another,
             | though through these fascinating arguments I gain new
             | insight about the money and its relationship with
             | geopolitics, human civilisation and other aspects.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.yanisvaroufakis.eu/2013/04/22/bitcoin-and-
             | the-da...
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | That article is from 2013 and so we must grade it on a
               | curve. He makes several wrong assumptions about how
               | bitcoin works because he's thinking it is based on trust,
               | and he is an inflationist.
               | 
               | I have yet to have an economist explain to me why
               | deflation us bad- computers getting cheaper is good,
               | fixed income people being able to afford things us good.
               | Inflation mainly allows government to hand out money yo
               | wall street in exchange for bribes at the expense of
               | everyone else. That's not good.
        
               | chipotle_coyote wrote:
               | > I have yet to have an economist explain to me why
               | deflation us bad
               | 
               | At risk of being the "Let Me Google That For You" Guy,
               | it's not too hard to find articles where economists give
               | cases against deflation, e.g.:
               | 
               | https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/5-reasons-to-worry-
               | about-...
               | 
               | https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/978/economics/definiti
               | on-...
               | 
               | https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/why-is-deflation-bad
               | 
               | The basic argument is that in _small_ amounts, both
               | inflation and deflation can be fine, but either one can
               | become a problem. The issues with too much inflation are
               | fairly obvious; the issues with too much deflation is
               | that downward price pressure falls on _everything._ If
               | deflation is so reliable that prices are going to be
               | meaningfully lower if I can put off a big purchase for as
               | long as possible, I 'm going to do that. If enough people
               | follow my lead, that hurts sellers. Wages go down -- more
               | than likely through layoffs rather than pay cuts. And
               | anyone who's already in debt -- and this doesn't just
               | include your Uncle Bob who routinely puts too much on his
               | credit card, it includes companies using lines of credit
               | -- can end up in real trouble.
               | 
               | > computers getting cheaper is good
               | 
               | Sure, but -- even though I've seen this example trotted
               | out before as a pro-deflation argument -- the prices of
               | manufactured goods steadily fall due to continual
               | improvements in manufacturing processes, economies of
               | scale, and general technological progress. This has been
               | particularly noticeable in computers over the last three
               | decades, but Moore's Law isn't a supporting argument for
               | the benefits of monetary deflation.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | "This has been particularly noticeable in computers over
               | the last three decades, but Moore's Law isn't a
               | supporting argument for the benefits of monetary
               | deflation."
               | 
               | Asserting that an argument is not an argument is not a
               | rebuttal.
               | 
               | The claim that people having more purchasing power will
               | stop the economy is self serving for inflationists and
               | never supported by evidence.
               | 
               | In fact the opposite has been the case time and time
               | again.
               | 
               | As I proved in the example you simply ignored.
               | 
               | So, like I said, I have never seen an argument. Just
               | these kinds of self serving assertions.
        
               | jdmoreira wrote:
               | > "I have yet to have an economist explain to me why
               | deflation us bad"
               | 
               | 1 bitcoin will always buy more and more and more and
               | more. So you have zero incentive to spend your money
               | today and you have all the incentive to wait as far as
               | you possibly can before spending anything. The economy
               | would grind to halt. Isn't this obvious?
               | 
               | Besides, rich people can sit on their money instead of
               | re-investing. They will never have to work and neither
               | will their descendants. You basically established some
               | kind of stupid cyberpunk feudalism.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | You are arguing that the kings if the past with lots if
               | gold starved, simply because their gold could buy more
               | food over time. People don't forgo food for decades to
               | put more money into index funds despite the broad market
               | increasing in value consistently over time.
               | 
               | Computers get cheaper every year such that even inflated
               | dollars can be held to get a better computer next year.
               | 
               | And yet the technology industry has not ground to a halt.
               | Food is low tech, cell phones are high tech.
               | 
               | It is obvious- this argument in favor of government being
               | able to debase the currency to fund wars and somehow
               | that's good for poor people is never going to hold water.
               | 
               | But here is another thought- no matter how much you call
               | it stupid, or fuedalistic, leftists gave been making this
               | argument fir over a decade now and Bitcoin has only
               | gotten stronger.
               | 
               | You may even be able to make it "illegal" if you ignore
               | the constitution and laws, but you cannot stop it.
               | 
               | Bitcoin will be the tool that liberates the people out
               | from under your technocratic thumb.
               | 
               | Thats what I find most exciting.
        
               | jdmoreira wrote:
               | Wow, I can't even make sense of what I read. It's like
               | all the crazy conspiracy theories thrown into a blender
               | and the outcome is: "Bitcoin liberates!".
               | 
               | I think you really have poor mental models of the world.
               | I'm sorry but there's not even anything else I can say.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | > and he is an inflationist
               | 
               | Is this going to be a new slur from the community?
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | Wasnt a slur, but a representation of his position. It
               | should be a slur, though, as monetary inflation is a tax
               | that hurts the poor the most.
        
               | luhn wrote:
               | If you don't like the Fed throwing money at rich people,
               | you should probably be rooting for inflation. The
               | historically low inflation of the past decade has them
               | handing out money like candy.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | We have not had low monetary inflation since at least the
               | Ford presidency.
               | 
               | You are confusing the consumer price index for
               | "inflation". It's understandable, this lie is one of the
               | earlier examples of fake news.
               | 
               | When the fed prints money it goes to wall street and
               | politically connected people. (This is quite literally
               | the definition of fascism- a private economy run by
               | government)
               | 
               | Wall Street profits from the inflation, but the rest of
               | the people get poorer.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | > computers getting cheaper is good
               | 
               | In the context of deflation goods getting 'cheaper'
               | simply means that their nominal price falls, while real
               | prices remain constant. If you thought that deflation
               | makes people richer (or that inflation makes people
               | poorer) then you were wrong.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | Inly if you redefine "rich". Increased purchasing power
               | makes you richer, giving you a chance to build wealth.
               | Inflation robs this from society and is oppression. I
               | really don't care to be gaslit about economics.
               | 
               | Bitcoin fixes this.
        
               | betterunix2 wrote:
               | "I have yet to have an economist explain to me why
               | deflation us bad"
               | 
               | There are a few different issues. First, volatility is
               | universally bad for a currency, because it makes all
               | transactions in the currency more risky. Money should
               | always be a medium of exchange first and foremost; there
               | should be little to no room for speculating on the value
               | of money and people should not have to factor in
               | unexpected changes in the value of money when determining
               | prices. In general people will switch from more volatile
               | to less volatile currencies because less volatile
               | currencies make trade more efficient.
               | 
               | Unexpected deflation is particularly bad, because in
               | addition to the general problems with volatility, it also
               | triggers defaults on loans (because money becomes more
               | difficult to obtain). Too many defaults in too short a
               | period of time will create a "contagion" effect by
               | reducing the collateral held by lenders (who use loans as
               | collateral for their own debts), which triggers even more
               | defaults. Worse, as lenders see their collateral vanish,
               | they will try to make up the difference with money,
               | taking money out of circulation and causing even more
               | deflation and thus more defaults. This is the
               | "deflationary spiral" scenario.
               | 
               | Inflation is not some trick to hand money over to "Wall
               | St." Rather, a low, _predictable_ rate of inflation is
               | targeted so that there will be some  "breathing room"
               | during an economic crisis. It does not hurt people on a
               | fixed income because it can be planned for and the fixed
               | income can be adjusted for inflation (e.g. someone could
               | hold a portfolio of TIPS). It also has nothing to do with
               | the price of computers, which have become cheaper because
               | of economic growth (and in fact have become cheaper over
               | decades of inflation). Inflation also encourages
               | investment activity by discouraging the hoarding of
               | money, which is a good thing for the economy.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | It's a shame you spent so much time patiently trying to
               | explain all that to me, not realizing it's probably the
               | ten thousandth time I've heard this. I appreciate the
               | efforts, bit that view is rationalization and I tried to
               | save you the effort by pointing out that the technology
               | industry has not stopped like you would expect if your
               | view were reality.
               | 
               | And I assure you, as someone who holds bitcoin that has
               | greatly appreciated, I can't wait to spend it on things
               | that depreciate.
               | 
               | In fact my spending has increased now that my spending
               | power has increased dramatically.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | phroobster wrote:
           | Someone reading an econ101 textbook and immediately deciding
           | that Bitcoin is unnecessary is an amusing example of Dunning-
           | Kruger :)
        
           | thebean11 wrote:
           | Do you really think it's feasible everyone else is simply
           | missing some entry level economics knowledge? That's more
           | likely than you missing something, or misunderstanding that
           | very econ 101 knowledge?
           | 
           | I took more than 101, and not sure what you refer to there.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | jakeva wrote:
           | I'm close with a person holding a Ph.D. in economics (close
           | as in she's my girlfriend), and she would absolutely enjoy
           | arguing with you.
        
           | hfsp wrote:
           | >Or maybe it comes from people who have read an Econo101
           | textbook and who have spent a lot of time trying to explain a
           | crowd of Bitcoin enthusiasts why their reasoning is wrong
           | 
           | The market decides. Not an economics "expert", nor fitting
           | btc to an arbitrary theoretical definition of money.
           | 
           | >It seems that tech has enabled a grand new theory about
           | money to be implemented.
           | 
           | Are you aware of the Austrian school of economics?
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | The market is currently deciding that Bitcoin is almost
             | entirely a vehicle of speculation, which is exactly what
             | economists had predicted.
             | 
             | The Austrian school of economics is completely adverse to
             | empirical data, which makes it functionally useless.
        
             | lottin wrote:
             | > Austrian school of economics
             | 
             | The only school of economic thought that is built upon the
             | rejection of the scientific method.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praxeology
        
               | hfsp wrote:
               | Have fun staying poor.
        
             | zepto wrote:
             | The market decided about Tulips at one point. It later
             | changed its mind.
        
               | hfsp wrote:
               | If you don't believe me or don't get it, I don't have
               | time to try to convince you, sorry.
        
           | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
           | > That does not make it less true that money does not have
           | magical properties and bitcoin will not create a new world
           | order.
           | 
           | Is anyone really claiming that? The OP's post doesn't seem to
           | be in this spirit anyway. It's more like "Bitcoin has true
           | usefulness, it will keep some meaningful value for a long
           | time, enable other use cases that didn't even exist before.".
           | Nobody is saying that it is going to replace all other forms
           | of money.
        
             | toto444 wrote:
             | > Nobody is saying that it is going to replace all other
             | forms of money.
             | 
             | To be a money it somehow has to. What is the value of a
             | dollar ? The set of goods you can buy with a dollar. As
             | long as the value of a bitcoin is expressed in another
             | currency that is weird to call it a money.
        
               | hfsp wrote:
               | There is a lot of conflation in btc threads between store
               | of value, medium of exchange, and unit of account.
               | 
               | You are referring to unit of account.
               | 
               | https://nakamotoinstitute.org/mempool/bitcoin-as-a-store-
               | of-...
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | The value of every currency is expressed in other
               | currencies. How else would you do it? Are you saying
               | there is nothing in existence which can really be
               | considered "money" except maybe the US dollar?
        
               | toto444 wrote:
               | If suddenly every land on Earth but the UK is flooded,
               | PS1 will still have a value : the set of goods you can
               | buy with PS1.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | How is that different from Bitcoins? If suddenly every
               | land on Earth but one is flooded, and some people there
               | happen to use Bitcoins (in addition to their other
               | assets, probably), Bitcoins will still have a value too.
               | Same with gold and everything else besides the fiat
               | currencies of the sank countries.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | The value of a currency is expressed in purchasing power.
               | Exchange rates are prices of currencies in terms of other
               | currencies, they don't tell us anything about purchasing
               | power.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | Sure, the actual utility of the currency might be best
               | measured with purchasing power and not exchange rates.
               | Same with Bitcoin or anything else, though.
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | Lazy people who don't read an article and comment becomes a
         | proof point that Bitcoin is onto something? That's an extremely
         | weak argument point.
         | 
         | And arguably there's a much larger mob of people who haven't
         | critically thought through any of Bitcoin - who own Bitcoin -
         | but that are financially incentivized to promote Bitcoin or are
         | biased to want Bitcoin to become something.
         | 
         | Convincing yourself that someone commenting negatively about
         | Bitcoin is simply jealous is also a common thing I've seen many
         | Bitcoin owners use to justify ignoring legitimate counter-
         | narratives of a lot of propaganda.
        
         | user-the-name wrote:
         | There is nothing baseless in saying that using 0.1% of the
         | _entire world 's energy_ in order to do 3 transactions per
         | second is beyond ludicrous, and an environmental disaster of
         | massive proportions.
        
           | olah_1 wrote:
           | > using 0.1% of the entire world's energy in order to do 3
           | transactions per second is beyond ludicrous
           | 
           | In comparison to what?
           | 
           | What do we get in return? Many consider the benefits to be
           | worth it.
        
             | yerwhat01010 wrote:
             | > What do we get in return?
             | 
             | Fantastic question. I've been waiting 10 years for a
             | convincing answer; still waiting.
        
               | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
               | There are millions of people who use it, trade it, store
               | their value in it, program more software for it etc. They
               | see the answer, they get the point.
               | 
               | Can you please just answer this - do you suppose they all
               | halt what they are doing and wait for an undeterminate
               | amount of time for you to also get it, before they can go
               | on with their businesses and lives?
        
               | threwawasy1228 wrote:
               | I would upvote this a hundred times if I could. I don't
               | understand where this kind of demand for further
               | understanding even comes from we are well past the point
               | where it could have been written off as a fad and it is
               | obvious there is value to it. There is no reason why
               | everyone should feel the need to "get it" or get value
               | out of it to understand that other people do get it and
               | do get value out of it.
               | 
               | It is such a weird sentiment to me because it would never
               | occur to me to devalue the value others get out of things
               | I don't understand. I hate bonds, I don't "get" why
               | anyone would want to buy bonds, people have tried to
               | explain it to me. I decided that I will never buy a bond
               | in my life because they are just the dumbest form of
               | investment. I can hold that sentiment whilst saying "I
               | don't get why they buy them but clearly there is a lot of
               | value from the vehicle and it is clearly a valid form". I
               | don't see why I should need to understand an monetary
               | vehicle or like an investment vehicle to understand that
               | some people do, and those people have a valid opinion.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | I think the more pertinent question is, if they all
               | halted what they are doing for an indeterminate amount of
               | time for other people to get it, would the world [in
               | future] be a worse place? And how?
        
               | yerwhat01010 wrote:
               | Can we at least acknowledge how far the goal posts have
               | moved? I can remember what people were saying about
               | Bitcoin in 2013 - that it was a revolutionary technology
               | on par with the creation of the Internet; that it was
               | going to completely transform our global financial
               | system; that it was going to replace fiat currency; that
               | it represented a dazzling new future that you'd have to
               | be an insane Luddite to not go all-in on.
               | 
               | Well, where are we now? What significant advancements
               | have occurred since 2013 as a result of Bitcoin (other
               | than the catastrophic climate impact)? What new
               | technologies are powered by crypto other than niche,
               | nerdy shit which no-one outside of a handful of
               | enthusiasts cares about? Bitcoin is now 12 years old - if
               | Bitcoin is the next World Wide Web, then who is the
               | Google of crypto? Who is the Amazon? Hell, does Bitcoin
               | even have a Lycos or a Yahoo?
               | 
               | And yes, I acknowledge that millions of people own
               | Bitcoin and are trading it. But what reason is there to
               | believe in Bitcoin, other than the fact that other people
               | believe it? Yes, I know that you could say the same of
               | fiat currency: dollars only have value because we believe
               | they do. But the difference is that I use fiat currency
               | every day to accomplish real things that have an enormous
               | material impact on my life. The only thing I've ever used
               | Bitcoin for is to buy drugs - what else am I ever going
               | to do with it, except hope that the value increases so I
               | can sell it to another speculator?
               | 
               | Maybe the crypto enthusiasts are laughing at me for
               | asking these rhetorical questions as if there isn't an
               | obvious answer - in which case, let me know! I don't want
               | to miss out on the crypto wave if it really is as big as
               | people keep telling me. But I've read books about
               | Bitcoin, delved into crypto-related code, and spent many
               | hours of my life studying blockchain technology and
               | trying to understand what all the fuss is about. That was
               | a couple of years ago, and I got bored and gave up. I've
               | been telling myself to take another look given the recent
               | price surge, but I just can't motivate myself. What am I
               | missing? Why do people act as if this is all so obvious?
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | user-the-name wrote:
             | In comparison to literally _anything in the world_.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | What benefits? Bitcoin isn't fundamentally better than a
             | database running on a fraction of the power (i.e. every
             | modern bank).
             | 
             | The _claimed_ benefits of BTC are (1) to remove government
             | control of money, and (2) to eliminate the need for trust,
             | but (1) ignores why we have chosen to give governments
             | control of money in the first place when gold still exists
             | (and can be traded electronically), while (2) requires you
             | to ignore the other half of the transaction where you buy
             | something with the money rather than just putting it in
             | someone else's account -- reports of being ripped off by a
             | vendor goes back to Akkadian cuneiform, and things like
             | chargebacks and courts are there to deal with this, putting
             | rules on what was once anonymous shiny rock that anyone
             | could mine in a literal rather than metaphorical sense.
        
               | olah_1 wrote:
               | > being ripped off by a vendor [...] things like
               | chargebacks and courts are there to deal with this
               | 
               | Third party escrow services, the better business bureau,
               | the police... all of these can (and should in many cases)
               | exist with bitcoin. It doesn't have to be either/or.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | When you have a society where those work, "trustless" is
               | no longer a benefit.
               | 
               | It's a catch-22: to be useful, it can't be useful.
        
           | arbawk wrote:
           | Now do the gold mining industry, and then how USD is backed
           | by armies. And then you can research Lightning Network on top
           | of Bitcoin and how it can process an unlimited number of
           | transactions.
        
             | user-the-name wrote:
             | Quite an amazing feat fitting all the ridiculous things
             | Bitcoiners say about energy usage into such a short post.
             | 
             | 1. The gold mining industry has nothing to do with bitcoin.
             | 
             | 2. The gold mining industry has nothing to do with money.
             | 
             | 3. The gold mining industry does not use anywhere near 0.1%
             | of the entire energy production of the planet.
             | 
             | 4. Just throwing the army in there for some reason, huh.
             | 
             | 5. The lightning network does not "process an unlimited
             | number of transactions".
             | 
             | 6. The Lightning network does not scale.
             | 
             | 7. Nobody knows how to make the Lightning network scale.
             | 
             | 8. If the Lightning network worked, which it doesn't, it
             | doesn't need to run on top of Bitcoin, so Bitcoin still
             | does not need to burn 0.1% of the world's energy.
        
             | casi wrote:
             | "unlimited" surely you mean limited? theres rarely tech
             | with no limits.
             | 
             | also the military/police/law/government defend you from
             | being killed for your bitcoin.
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | Pretty close to unlimited, if you imagine a channel as
               | slider or a bead on an abacus, as long as both nodes
               | using the channel agree where it is, the position can be
               | updated an infinite number of times without touching the
               | blockchain. Timelocks let a transaction pivot through
               | many of these.
        
             | derethanhausen wrote:
             | This is just whataboutism. Gold isn't used as a currency.
             | Seems a stretch to claim the armies exist solely for the
             | USD. And until the Lightning Network is actually
             | implemented it will remain theoretical.
        
               | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
               | Not sure where you get your news but LN is implemented
               | and functional. There are wallets, services, software,
               | etc, downloadable, functional, used every day. If what
               | you mean to say "get all the marchants that support BTC
               | to accept LN", then yes, there is still some progress
               | needs to be done.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | > there is still some progress needs to be done
               | 
               | That's an understatement. There are _two_ restaurants
               | within 100 miles of my home that accept BTC, let alone
               | use LN.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | The LN is _not_ functional. It does not have an
               | implementation of routing that scales. Nobody knows how
               | to make an implementation of routing that scales.
               | 
               | If LN ever sees anything more than toy usage, it will
               | fall over instantly, and become unusable.
        
             | maxmax wrote:
             | So you agree then that the USD is not fiat, but is in fact
             | a plutonium based currency? How does this fact effect the
             | bitcoin case?
        
           | doomroot wrote:
           | Here me out. What if it was the only way to defund the US
           | military? Would you be interested then? Why do we waste so
           | much energy building killing machines? Why is there not a
           | daily hackernews thread complaining about the energy
           | consumption of the US military?
           | 
           | Because it's a necessary to ensure you can buy and sell
           | things when you want to.
        
             | neatze wrote:
             | > Why do we waste so much energy building killing machines?
             | 
             | In analogy, it is same reasons why we lock our doors and
             | don't leave keys in parked car.
             | 
             | Do you seriously assume that some nations and some
             | organization, do not, actively seek, how to take things
             | that do not belong to them ?
        
             | user-the-name wrote:
             | > What if it was the only way to defund the US military?
             | 
             | It's not.
        
             | almost_usual wrote:
             | If you think the US military or any military will go away
             | because Bitcoin you're delusional.
             | 
             | > Why is there not a daily hackernews thread complaining
             | about the energy consumption of the US military?
             | 
             | People are willing to pay a high energy cost for safety.
             | Bitcoin doesn't provide me any safety and it doesn't have
             | the strongest military in the world claiming it's worth
             | anything.
             | 
             | If you think Bitcoin will topple governments be prepared
             | for a long future of conflict and casualties. Maybe it will
             | be worth it but I doubt it.
             | 
             | So all in all it's a massive energy waste thought
             | experiment.
        
               | as300 wrote:
               | Erm, there's a good portion of the world's population
               | (I'd say over half) that doesn't think the US military's
               | activities support it's safety.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | Of course that's true, I'm talking about US citizens not
               | the world population.
               | 
               | What makes you think the US wouldn't put it's population
               | in front of the rest of the world in a life or death war
               | scenario?
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | I _know_ the US military won 't go away as long as USD is
               | used as the world's currency. Getting off USD is a
               | prerequisite to ending American imperialism, it's not the
               | only thing that needs to be done by a long shot though.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | Ending American imperialism is a massive war. It's
               | possible but it's not going to happen without millions of
               | casualties.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | We can lessen those casualties by working hard to defund
               | the military (which is a multi pronged endeavour).
               | 
               | For instance, I have no problem paying taxes for social
               | services. I have a _major_ ethical problem with my tax
               | dollars being used to fund military action. Bitcoin is
               | not the only piece of the crypto puzzle but if I could
               | keep my assets out of the hands of the US government, I
               | would do it for purely ethical reasons.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | Ok, defund the US military now what? China or Russia has
               | a stronger military and guess who is controlling our
               | interests now.
               | 
               | What you're proposing is that Bitcoin needs a massive
               | shift in thought that overthrows all forms of militarized
               | government. Possible? Maybe but highly unlikely without
               | millions of people dying.
               | 
               | The new Bitcoin power would also need its own military to
               | do this. So we're back at square one or where we are
               | today.
               | 
               | That is unless you think Bitcoin is also the answer to
               | world peace which seems even more far fetched.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | I do see the toppling of the US government having a
               | domino effect on other powerful nations. If the systems
               | are in place to end US imperialism, those same systems
               | can be used by citizens of other oppressive regimes.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | > I do see the toppling of the US government having a
               | domino effect on other powerful nations.
               | 
               | I guess you are about 11? May be 15?
               | 
               | Before you were born a great power was toppled, called
               | The Soviet Union. It happened over three years,
               | 1989-1991. We can all see the domino effect, for sure.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | You're proposing Bitcoin will bring world peace. Sorry, I
               | don't believe this.
               | 
               | Who controls the power grid, the land, the roads, the
               | infrastructure? How is that power enforced? Physical
               | force.
               | 
               | No one gives away power without a fight. If Bitcoin is
               | the future people will need to die to make it so.
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | I said very clearly at the start that Bitcoin alone will
               | not bring peace. It's one piece of the puzzle to get us
               | off our current government. People are going to die
               | either way, I'm just done using my money to pay for bombs
               | to kill people that have nothing to do with me.
        
               | MrMan wrote:
               | I will be very happy if the US lays down its arms- I can
               | employ former soldiers as mercenaries to seize bitcoin
               | wallets and mining complexes.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | Why do you think it is a prerequisite? Imperialism can
               | certainly exist without having the reserve currency--
               | consider the world situation on the outbreak of WWI,
               | which was the height of imperialism and yet no country
               | had a reserve currency (everyone being on the gold
               | standard).
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | Taxes on USD are used to fund the military. I see long
               | term value storage in Bitcoin with operational and
               | privacy focused "cash" like crypto being pegged to BTC as
               | a way to choke the input funds to the US military.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Why do you think it makes a difference whether Americans
               | pay taxes in USD, JPY or wheat?
        
               | solosoyokaze wrote:
               | I'm saying it's much harder for the US government to
               | collect taxes from crypto. It's _much_ easier to work
               | with a bank to directly pilfer your account than for them
               | to force people to hand over their private keys. The
               | latter doesn 't scale nearly as well as the former.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | So you're saying that the only benefit of bitcoin is that
               | is is useful for committing crimes. Gotcha.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Sure, and it's even harder to collect taxes from cash
               | transactions. The thing is that with or without Bitcoin
               | you still need financial institutions, so I'm not sure
               | your tax evasion plan is as brilliant as you think it is.
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | I had originally figured that you believed that a
               | government would forego its fiscal policies if a monetary
               | crisis ensued, the general assumption for most
               | aficionados of the gold standard (albeit one that is
               | _thoroughly_ disproven by history).
               | 
               | The way the government forces you to make good on your
               | tax obligations is wage garnishment: they tell your
               | _employer_ not to pay you but pay the government instead
               | because you 're in arrears. In general, I think you
               | overestimate the willingness of third parties to become
               | criminals for your sake.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | If that was the argument, I would ask in response: if it
             | could do that, why would the combined vested interests of
             | the US military-industrial lot _allow Bitcoin to succeed_?
             | It's not beyond the reach of governments to ban unwanted
             | trade, and even though bans are not magic, even a half-
             | arsed enforcement of such a ban is enough to prevent a
             | currency becoming endemic.
        
               | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
               | > It's not beyond the reach of governments to ban
               | unwanted trade
               | 
               | Yeah, right, it worked so well for alcohol... It DOES
               | (/s) work so well for drugs in the US right now... And
               | hey imagine whether it's easier or harder to ban
               | something that doesn't take any physical space in your
               | suitcase and can be transacted with only internet
               | connection.
        
               | Applejinx wrote:
               | On the contrary, bitcoin mining operations can be sniffed
               | out by their impossibly outlandish power requirements,
               | like pot growers used to be.
               | 
               | Increasingly, mining operations have to make special
               | arrangements with entire power grids to suck up their
               | energy and basically just burn it in arbitrary
               | calculation. The scale at which this operates, and the
               | increase over time, are both what makes up a lot of the
               | problem, and what makes it impossible to hide.
               | 
               | If you'd prefer a world where people value bitcoin
               | BECAUSE due to its unpopularity and externalities,
               | governments resort to drone striking such operations when
               | discovered, all I can say is: well, that solves the
               | energy wastage issue, as blown-up ASIC farms aren't good
               | at burning energy anymore. Maybe it solves the constant
               | devaluation against energy cost issue, too! But I think
               | you're missing the point and looking at only the end
               | product of the industry.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | Mining doesn't have to happen in the same country where
               | you use the coin though.
               | 
               | In order for this scenario to become a reality, many
               | governments would have to collaborate to make mining
               | infeasible. But they would be incentivized to not
               | collaborate so they can instead tax their miners and get
               | the profits for themselves.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Did anyone in Prohibition USA purchase a house or car or
               | pay their bills with a literal barrel of whiskey?
               | 
               | """and even though bans are not magic, even a half-arsed
               | enforcement of such a ban is enough to prevent a currency
               | becoming endemic."""
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | You're saying Bitcoin will never be mainstream if it's
               | not accepted by a militarized government.
        
               | yazaddaruvala wrote:
               | Basically we are talking about the world's reserve
               | currency becoming a denationalized currency. To be
               | "mainstream" the denationalized currency will need to be
               | defended by the militaries of the Euro-zone, US, India,
               | China, and Russia (likely one after the other in this
               | order).
               | 
               | Only the US is incentivized to have USD be the world's
               | reserve currency. Meanwhile, 7 BB people around the world
               | prefer a denationalized reserve currency, countries will
               | prefer to interact with each other with a less trackable
               | currency (e.g. Iran and the current sanctions), and based
               | on the usage of tax loopholes by every multi-national
               | company (e.g. FB, Apple, Google) every business will
               | prefer transacting in less trackable currency (especially
               | with crypto-coin tumblers). This demand for a
               | denationalized reserve currency will be supplied by some
               | crypto-coin (maybe BTC, maybe something else). FWIW, I
               | don't think having a "less trackable currency" is a "good
               | thing", I'm just saying there are large organizations
               | that benefit from it financially and therefore it will
               | exist.
               | 
               | Frankly once the S&P companies purchase enough BTC (e.g.
               | TSLA, Square, etc), a BTC 51% attack will need to be
               | defended against by the US military to ensure national
               | stability. If BTC (or any crypto-coin) can hit "too big
               | to fail" in the US, the rest of the world's militaries
               | will all build a defense strategy around BTC mining. As
               | as consequence, cheaper energy will also be an investment
               | into national security.
               | 
               | There are still more problems with BTC specifically, like
               | "slow transactions" but as may here have said, we can
               | either use a geographically sharded blockchain (e.g. BTC-
               | California, BTC-USD, BTC-CAD, BTC-RUP), where each shard
               | allows fast transactions, and slow reconciliation, or we
               | will just leverage credit for fast transactions like we
               | do today, with slow reconciliation between banks like we
               | have today. I don't see "centralization" as a problem,
               | because having bank accounts and credit are very useful
               | as an individual (as individuals will likely only
               | transact with credit cards like we do today).
               | 
               | Will BTC become "too big to fail" in the US? Unclear.
               | Another crypto might get there first. However, there is
               | no scenario where the world's reserve currency continues
               | to be tied to a single nation.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Alcohol didn't apparently threaten to end the authority
               | of the state.
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | I'd actually argue that it was more of a threat to the
               | authority of the state than Bitcoin is today. The
               | widespread disregard of Prohibition lead directly to its
               | repeal. Defying the state in one aspect of your life
               | leads to defiance in other aspects.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | Alcohol distribution was also controlled by violent
               | criminals who you guessed it, had a strong physical
               | force.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | > I'd actually argue that it was more of a threat to the
               | authority of the state than Bitcoin is today.
               | 
               | If that is the case, then BTC certainly isn't going to
               | _end the US military_.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | One possible reason is that by the time they realize it's
               | a threat, it will be too late.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Given what governments worldwide have done with
               | currencies in the past, I think you're underestimating
               | their capacity and how much they care about the
               | functioning of their currency.
               | 
               | If you'll excuse my admittedly also-naive wargaming of
               | their responses:
               | 
               | "Dear ISPs, this is the government. That stuff you do to
               | block piracy and illegal porn? Do that for bitcoin."
               | 
               | "Dear Banks, this is the government. Purchase of bitcoin
               | is now a federal offence. Tell us if anyone tries to
               | exchange them for money."
               | 
               | "Dear The Power Company, this is a government order. Turn
               | off power to these properties who are engaged in illegal
               | Bitcoin mining."
               | 
               | "Dear everyone, this is the government. Your taxes can
               | only be paid in dollars, not in bitcoin."
               | 
               | (Not that I would say such things will _never_ happen,
               | only that I expect America to become irrelevant on the
               | world stage _before_ it happens; and even in the most
               | extreme USSR-mimicking scenario that is not something I
               | expect before 2041).
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | As I mentioned in my reply above, I think the way it can
               | work is if it grows exponentially, and the US government
               | doesn't respond in time at which point not using crypto
               | will put the US at a disadvantage. Crypto has the unique
               | ability to spread across borders with ease, no other
               | currency has had this ability. So I think it's a pretty
               | unique scenario in that case.
               | 
               | Another scenario is if it grows slowly amongst the
               | countries that have unstable currencies. Slowly it takes
               | over the USD as the world currency. At a certain point,
               | the US would have to allow it to participate in that
               | economy.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Nations with bad currencies and mismanaged economies
               | _sometimes_ switch to the USD.
               | 
               | Such nations collectively switching to a different
               | currency like the Euro or the Yuan is _way_ more
               | plausible than switching to Bitcoin; and not only do none
               | of the USA, the Eurozone, nor China have economic
               | policies compatible with giving up direct control of
               | inflation, the usefulness of a shared single currency
               | isn't enough to outweigh the political costs for the UK
               | to use the Euro (famously), or South Korea to use the
               | Yuan, or Canada to use USD.
               | 
               | Money in the scale of governments _isn't like_ money on
               | the scale of individuals. For governments, money isn't
               | even _like_ it is for the richest individuals, different
               | as it is between the rich and normal people.
        
               | yazaddaruvala wrote:
               | I don't follow. Why would a country's citizens choose to
               | use a different country's currency rather than a
               | denationalized currency? i.e. couple their monetary
               | policy to the world market, rather than to a single
               | country's market. Given they just experienced one
               | countries economy create poor monetary policy, why trust
               | a single entity rather than diversify by trusting the
               | group decision of many decentralized entities?
               | 
               | And why wouldn't a government whose citizens do not trust
               | the government's currency, not incentivize its citizens
               | to use a denationalized currency instead of funding
               | potential threats?
               | 
               | e.g. The Venezuelan government would way rather its
               | citizens use BTC over USD or Colombian currency, in order
               | to ensure inflation/deflation is globally decided by
               | neutral parties, rather than decided by a single foreign
               | entity with potentially malicious intent.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Aaa... this will take too long to do justice to the
               | topic, but politically speaking, the Euro is
               | supernational and the UK collectively hates it, that sort
               | of attitude is part of the problem. "Loss of sovereignty"
               | is how they felt about it, how many discussed it.
               | 
               | > The Venezuelan government would way rather its citizens
               | use BTC over USD or Colombian currency, in order to
               | ensure inflation/deflation is globally decided by neutral
               | parties
               | 
               | Why would those parties have Venezuelan interests in mind
               | rather than their own? One of the arguments against the
               | Eurozone (I'm not qualified to judge it on quality, but
               | it is given as an argument) is that Northern Europe
               | "should" have different inflation to Southern Europe to
               | help boost the local economies. Can't do that with a
               | single currency, they say, and that would apply more the
               | wider that zone spreads. A single global economy -- fiat,
               | digital, or metallurgical -- would never be able to
               | resolve it.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | Too late to what? Forcefully distribute it as it sees fit
               | or else put you in prison or harm your family? If you
               | keep using it in secret it will never be mainstream.
               | 
               | Physical force is the strongest currency on Earth.
               | Arguing it's not is arguing millions of people die for
               | entertainment rather than shifts of power.
               | 
               | If Bitcoin is the revolutionary future millions will die
               | on that hill to make it so.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | If they haven't done it by now, then they don't currently
               | see it as a threat.
               | 
               | Now let's say in a few years, that inflection point
               | happens where crypto sees an exponential rate of
               | adoption. Every other country begins to use it, some ban
               | it, many others adopt it. At that point, if not using
               | crypto will put the US at a disadvantage, they have no
               | other choice but to adopt it as well.
               | 
               | A semi-related example is the way many companies
               | "disrupt" the markets e.g. Uber/Airbnb wasn't a threat to
               | many cities, until it was. At which point, the demand for
               | Uber/Airbnb outweighed the government's ability to do
               | anything about it.
               | 
               | It's not the best example since some cities have done
               | things about it and Uber/Airbnb, being a company, is
               | easier to target.
               | 
               | With crypto, its decentralized nature makes it much more
               | difficult to control and attempting to ban it will raise
               | issues around free speech.
               | 
               | That's not to say countries won't try and succeed in
               | getting it banned, though in the case of the US, I don't
               | think it's as cut and dry.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | Militarized countries do not forfeit power without
               | conflict and loss of life. It's quite possible what all
               | world governments have in common.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | But what if it's not a conscious forfeit of power. The
               | power is taken out from underneath them and by the time
               | they realize it, they have no recourse. Other than
               | threatening all countries that use the currency, which I
               | don't see happening.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | How could a militarized country have no recourse?
               | 
               | You're saying all militarized countries on Earth will
               | come to a point where Bitcoin is prominent and they will
               | forfeit their power over their citizens without any
               | fight?
               | 
               | You're proposing Bitcoin will bring world peace without
               | conflict?
        
               | yazaddaruvala wrote:
               | For example, if the rest of the world adopts BTC as the
               | world's reserve currency, the USA would HAVE TO purchase
               | crazy amounts of BTC, and defend against a 51% attack by
               | investing into mining.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, the USA could try to preempt this future, but
               | only the USA is incentivized to have USD be the world's
               | reserve currency. As such the USA would need to threaten
               | every other country in the world to stop using BTC, but
               | its not clear if that causes BTC adoption to drop, or the
               | Streisand Effect to kick in.
               | 
               | And ofcourse, "mutually assured destruction" stops any
               | large country from employing too large a threat against
               | any other large country.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Would any nation allow itself to be in a position where a
               | coalition of the willing could perform a 51% attack on
               | their currency? Because if not, only one country could
               | use BTC or anything with the same mining algorithm.
        
               | dntrkv wrote:
               | They have no recourse because the box has opened, and the
               | new economy is up and running. Barring your citizens from
               | participating would put your whole country at a
               | disadvantage.
               | 
               | Also, I don't think I agree with the notion that adopting
               | crypto would result in a country forfeiting their power
               | over the citizens. There are plenty of ways to integrate
               | crypto into existing governments while still maintaining
               | control.
               | 
               | I'm not claiming this will happen, more of contemplating
               | on how a global decentralized currency can take over.
               | 
               | As far as bringing world peace, I don't think a
               | decentralized currency would do any such thing. It's
               | probably one of the required steps towards it, but one of
               | many.
        
               | tomp wrote:
               | I mean all that US Govt needs to do to crash the price
               | 90% is, accuse ... not even that, only _hint_ , that
               | Tesla's BTC holdings might be tainted by drugs/terrorism
               | financing/money laundering. Game over.
        
             | mdoms wrote:
             | This is delusional.
        
             | DennisP wrote:
             | Anything Bitcoin can do, we can do now with proof-of-stake
             | currencies at a tiny fraction of the energy consumption.
        
               | mindcandy wrote:
               | That is true only to the extent that proof of work has
               | already been performed. You have to stake something of
               | value or POS doesn't work. Staking a POW coin to "mine" a
               | new POS coin works. So does burning a POW coin to convert
               | it to a new POS coin that can be staked for more. But,
               | you can't bootstrap a POS coin without leveraging proven
               | investment from previously burned work.
               | 
               | At this point Bitcoin and Eth have about a trillion USD
               | of built up burned work. Is that enough to prime the pump
               | for a POS-based world economy? I dunno. Probably?
        
               | 015a wrote:
               | That's true. So, where are those currencies in the market
               | capitalization charts and news articles?
               | 
               | Remember; the last time Bitcoin tried to change its
               | mining algorithm, the democracy voted for a split.
               | Ethereum has said they're moving from Proof of Work to
               | Stake; I'm not surprised, given the Ethereum developers
               | seem to abhor Work in all of its forms, including making
               | progress on Ethereum itself, so we'll see if that
               | actually happens in a few decades.
               | 
               | PoS is a theory right now, with some minor market
               | traction, but nothing to the degree of BTC or ETH. Don't
               | levy it as a promise which absolves the environmental
               | sins of cryptocurrency, when its so obviously unlikely to
               | do so. Bitcoin is the zeitgeist; its actively destroying
               | the planet; its not moving to PoS.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Ethereum's PoS has been running in production for three
               | months, and has about $5 billion staked. So far it's
               | running perfectly.
               | 
               | They still have to migrate the rest of the network to it,
               | but that's a relatively easy task. Once you have
               | consensus, adding more data to reach consensus on is
               | basically just adding a hash value to each block.
        
               | space_rock wrote:
               | No theory to backup this claim. We had what is now
               | rebranded PoS well before Bitcoin and it never and never
               | will solve the problems PoW solves
        
             | yerwhat01010 wrote:
             | How will Bitcoin lead to the defunding of the US military?
             | Can I get a specific, plausible answer that isn't some
             | vague utopian libertarian handwave?
        
               | matvore wrote:
               | If bitcoin causes the value of fiat currency to fall
               | enough, the government will not be able to print money to
               | fund wars. A war will require overtly billing the people
               | for it or raising taxes. So it will be less likely the
               | people will consent to start a war.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | How does, exactly, the US government print money to fund
               | wars?
        
               | yazaddaruvala wrote:
               | Without commenting on the "funding wars" part. The US
               | leverages inflation as a taxation strategy (and doesn't
               | really admit it).
               | 
               | Most lay-persons don't understand it as a tax and
               | therefore do not complain about it until they cannot
               | afford things (housing, food, etc), and at which point
               | the government distracts by bundling (hiding?) the
               | inflation problem with the stagnant wage / income
               | equality problem.
               | 
               | Eventually (every 2 decades) minimum wage in increased to
               | catch up to inflation. Basically the inflationary tax
               | strategy results in the US budget getting 2 decades of
               | "extra taxes" (burdened by the lower middle class and the
               | working classes[1]), then a reset, and then repeat.
               | 
               | [1] Note inflation as a tax strategy is actually a
               | negative tax on low-interest debt holders like
               | businesses, and home owners. It is also has a net-neutral
               | effect on the investing class, because assets inflate
               | proportionally. Meanwhile, credit card debt and other
               | high-interest loans are not reduced as much (i.e. X%
               | inflation of 19% credit card interest is a lot lower
               | than, X% inflation of 2.5% mortgage interest).
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Okay, the claim is that the US government raises funds by
               | generating inflation, that is clear. The details are the
               | problem. Say the US government issues a bond, some bank
               | buys it, and eventually they sell it to the Federal
               | Reserve. The US government has the same debt, and it
               | seems to me that the only thing that has changed is that
               | the bank now has cash where before it had a bond. How
               | does this 1) create inflation and 2) is leveraged by the
               | US government as a taxation strategy? That's what I'm
               | asking.
        
               | inter_netuser wrote:
               | If Bitcoin becomes the reserve currency, the theory goes
               | that the US would not need to involve itself in as many
               | petrodollar wars as it does today, thus resulting in a
               | smaller military.
               | 
               | I don't think anyone seriously thinks Bitcoin will
               | replace militaries completely.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Wouldn't the US become _more_ desperate to hold onto its
               | influence in oil producing regions and do so with
               | violence? don 't see why "wow, everybody is starting to
               | use BTC rather than USD for oil transactions" would lead
               | to "guess we don't need this aircraft carrier" instead of
               | "time for some coups to install governments who will do
               | what we want and not switch to BTC".
        
               | inter_netuser wrote:
               | I don't advocate that theory. Previous transitions in
               | reserve currency status led to literally worldwide
               | military conflicts.
               | 
               | May Satoshi save us all.
        
               | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
               | That's not the point. The point is, it hypocritical to
               | complain about bitcoin energy consumption without also
               | complaining about the energy, material and human deaths
               | consumption caused by for example US military, which is
               | in essense what is required for something like a USD as a
               | reserve currency to function.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | Textbook https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whataboutism
        
             | throwaway894345 wrote:
             | In practice, we need to get our emissions down in the next
             | few decades (if it's not already too late). I think
             | retooling our energy economy is already an incredibly
             | ambitious project, and I'm not sure we'll be able to
             | achieve it in the designated timeframe. I certainly don't
             | imagine us doing that _and_ deprecating the US military in
             | favor of _Bitcoin_ , even if you accept the very, very bold
             | idea that the former serves the same functions with the
             | same efficacy as the latter. In other words, even if I was
             | convinced that Bitcoin could replace the US military, I
             | would still argue that we should stop Bitcoin mining until
             | we solve the energy crisis and then take our time with a
             | slow, thoughtful transition from military hegemony to
             | crypto.
        
             | thrwaway2day wrote:
             | Why would we need to do that, Trump lost and the good guy
             | won. Surely the good guy who is friends with the guy who
             | won the peace prize wouldn't be out there starting wars. No
             | way. Our fair and independent media would tell us if that
             | was the case surely. If not them it's not like views
             | against that administration are removed from social media,
             | no way.
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | > What if it was the only way to defund the US military?
             | 
             | What if the moon were made of cheese?
             | 
             | I don't see any connection between the growth of BTC and
             | the shrinking of military budgets or the reduction of
             | warfare.
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | Bitcoin is nothing like gold. Gold has inherent value. If I buy
         | 100% of the world's gold, gold would still be valuable. If I
         | buy 100% of the world's bitcoin, it's the same as owning no
         | Bitcoin. Gold would be immensely valued during an extreme
         | global crisis (WWIII, massive solar flare, etc) whereas bitcoin
         | would be entirely useless.
        
           | olah_1 wrote:
           | > If I buy 100% of the world's gold, gold would still be
           | valuable
           | 
           | Sure, yes. It would be valuable in the way that a barrel of
           | oil is valuable. It has a number of practical uses in
           | electronics, medicine, etc. Valuable as a currency or means
           | of transferring wealth? Not as much. It's cumbersome for that
           | role.
           | 
           | Bitcoin's value is not "coins". It is valuable for what it
           | does (transfer wealth). It's a ledger, not really "coins".
           | 
           | Did you read the original article? It's actually worth the
           | read if you didn't yet.
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | The point of this comment was to debunk how Bitcoin is a
             | good store of value. Gold is great in that aspect because
             | the unique color, density, and stability make it trivial to
             | identify, which gives it has immense strategic importance.
             | This is why nations hold much more of it in reserve than
             | they would need from industrial applications.
             | 
             | This comment of mine explains why I think Bitcoin is not a
             | good form of money. Transferring wealth may be the most
             | important function, but it's far from the only one.
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26319657
             | 
             | The article is certainly interesting. Unfortunately, the
             | main source of inconsistencies with ledgers comes from
             | human factors rather systemic ones. Fat finger errors,
             | identity theft, credit card chargebacks, and fraud are all
             | inconsistencies created by humans and can only be resolved
             | through trusted centralized authorities.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | thewarrior wrote:
         | I recently decided to think deeply about Bitcoin and I think my
         | initial skepticism about Bitcoin was wrong. Most of the
         | criticisms of Bitcoin are centered around the fact that Bitcoin
         | has a very low throughput. However this is not necessarily a
         | problem. And here is one hypothetical example of how we can
         | overcome this issue:
         | 
         | When countries owe each other money they used to transfer gold
         | back and forth or trust someone else to do it for them. So all
         | transactions within a country would happen in a local currency
         | and then once in a while "settlement" would happen.
         | 
         | Bitcoin is digital gold for settlements among digital
         | currencies. For eg I could start a new Stable coin called
         | MyDogeCoin HQed in Switzerland and each MyDogeCoin is backed by
         | 1 Bitcoin. Anyone who trusts me can transact in MyDogeCoins and
         | can convert their MyDogeCoins into Bitcoins if they are willing
         | to wait and pay a sizable fee to account for Bitcoins slowness.
         | However most people don't need this it just needs to be
         | possible. Now anyone using MyDogeCoin can send money to each
         | other quickly as long as they trust me. This isn't any
         | different to how you trust a country. And many countries like
         | Zimbabwe aren't trust worthy at all. This has BTC behind it.
         | 
         | Now suppose you want to send MyDogeCoin to MyMemeCoin HQed in
         | Singapore and is similar. We trust each other and hence we do
         | the transfer. Once in a while we do a "settlement" on the BTC
         | blockchain. This way we don't need that many TPS. And large
         | untrusted nodes can use the BTC blockchain as a trustless
         | settlement layer.
         | 
         | Since BTC is the final trustless layer its a foundation. Now I
         | realized how BTC can have long term value and it could be
         | around even a 100 years from now. Doesn't mean its not over
         | priced now but it will have a non zero value over the long term
         | and is revolutionary. Unless the government goes to war against
         | it. The US government used to use gold and then basically
         | defaulted and forced everyone to accept dollars by force. Thats
         | not sustainable.
        
           | krrrh wrote:
           | One of the properties of gold that roughly held true for
           | centuries was a stable value. When gold threatened to become
           | too scarce for a growing economy the incentive to mine,
           | explore, and develop new mining technology increased.
           | Goldbugs often point out that an ounce of gold has always
           | been close to the price of a nice suit (admittedly a fuzzy
           | measure, and it's sometimes a really nice suit, and sometimes
           | just a really nice jacket).
           | 
           | Bitcoin has gone from pennies, to around $100 for a year, to
           | around $1000 for a year or two, to between $20000 and $3000
           | for a few years, and now to $50-60k.
           | 
           | I guess you could argue that this is just going to take a few
           | decades to stabilize, but that's a pretty big bet, and a
           | pretty weird way to design the next monetary framework.
           | 
           | There was a pretty interesting Clubhouse discussion on the
           | weekend where Eric Weinstein praised the genius of Bitcoin
           | but bemoaned the stupidity of its design ("a QWERTY
           | problem"), and Lex Fridman tried to charitably compare
           | Bitcoin to JavaScript as a flawed tech that had great
           | distribution and has been making the best of it since then.
           | They were both rudely dismissed by a group of Bitcoin
           | maximalists as "not getting it".
           | 
           | The question I've asked since the start is, if this is a
           | functional idea, why is the dumb beta version still the
           | dominant implementation? There's a bizarre religiousity and
           | _post hoc_ rationalizations for some of the weirdest
           | decisions in its design, and mistaking speculative mania and
           | nominal price for success, while proposed uses for Bitcoin
           | and the blockchain have been quietly discarded. Bitcoin's
           | valuation is more of a symptom of post-2008 monetary
           | conditions than a long-term challenge to them.
        
             | svachalek wrote:
             | There are various "stablecoins" that show you can have some
             | of the benefits of crypto without wild price fluctuations.
             | There is another interesting project called SORA that
             | features a digital central bank managed via sortition
             | (basically like juries, but more complicated).
             | 
             | https://medium.com/sora-xor/sora-the-new-economic-
             | order-3ec3...
        
             | Robotbeat wrote:
             | Well, it's no major mystery WHY you get religiosity and
             | post how rationalizations. Those with Bitcoin, especially
             | those with a LOT of their net worth tied up in Bitcoin,
             | will work the hardest to protect that investment.
             | 
             | Of course, rich people have always done that (post hoc
             | justifications for their wealth), but when that wealth is
             | not codified and protected by anything other than
             | speculative value, it just increases the volume of that
             | effect even more. The lack of technical fundamental
             | superiority of Bitcoin vs other approaches (and no need to
             | mention alternatives, y'all know them) increases the fervor
             | of defense of Bitcoin as that's basically the only thing
             | keeping it up.
             | 
             | Anyway, as long as Bitcoin has perceived social value, it
             | may still have niche uses like allowing you to get money
             | out of Venezuela. And maybe slightly cheaper than wiring
             | large amounts of money.
             | 
             | So actually you're left with just: 1) pure social perceived
             | value and 2) small use case when you have utter failure of
             | the formal financial system. The first case is a self-
             | licking ice cream cone, but... Unfortunately, #2 could end
             | up being a self-licking ice cream cone, too, because now
             | you have a bunch of people kind of invested in the formal
             | system failing. I'm not really worried about it as the
             | number of Bitcoin true believers is low vs the total
             | population (and there have often been such people with a
             | stake in system failure), but it is something to keep in
             | mind.
             | 
             | But not everyone just acts mechanically in response to
             | financial incentives, as there are some cryptocurrency
             | advocates who see the need to shore up the formal system
             | and advocate for that.
        
             | freeone3000 wrote:
             | Because it's the one that's caught on. There's no actual
             | need for inherent utility of it that can't be papered over
             | by running everything through one of a few big exchanges.
             | Or, preferably, ONE big exchange, where all settlements can
             | take place off-chain and the blockchain sits in a big vault
             | and everyone just trusts you can redeem your account
             | balance for Bitcoin if you ever want it, but you won't want
             | it, because the balance is more valuable than the actual
             | Bitcoin.
             | 
             | (I'm drawing a comparison to gold here, but this is also
             | true for other commodities, and for that matter, _stocks_.)
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | > Or, preferably, ONE big exchange, where all settlements
               | can take place off-chain and the blockchain sits in a big
               | vault and everyone just trusts you can redeem your
               | account balance for Bitcoin if you ever want it, but you
               | won't want it, because the balance is more valuable than
               | the actual Bitcoin.
               | 
               | That's an important point, because it prompts the
               | question: what is the problem that Bitcoin is solving if
               | the _preferable_ outcome is that it does exactly the same
               | things that gold and centralized banks already do?
               | 
               | The more that I hear people justify slow transaction
               | times, high fees, and a general lack of platform
               | evolution, the more it sounds to me like the only problem
               | that Bitcoin is solving in the real world is that gold is
               | already stable, and speculators need a new thing to jump
               | on. The arguments people are making today about why slow
               | transactions are irrelevant are not the same arguments
               | that people were making when Bitcoin was new. It's
               | revisionist history. And when people are talking about
               | centralization as the end goal... this is also part of
               | why I'm skeptical about claims that proof of stake is
               | going to solve anything on the environmental front, or
               | that microtransactions are ever actually going to get
               | better.
               | 
               | The overwhelming perspective I'm seeing here is that
               | nobody involved in speculating on Bitcoin cares about the
               | technological side at all, and I don't see what incentive
               | there is for anyone to make mining easier, cheaper, more
               | democratic, or more environmentally friendly. The whole
               | point seems to be that people want to get in early and
               | then erect as high barriers of entry as possible. What
               | makes people think that anyone speculating on Bitcoin is
               | going to care about proof of stake? At the point where
               | bitcoin becomes a nationally backed currency that is
               | _just_ a backbone for other smaller systems and is (for
               | most people) completely independent from their regular
               | everyday transactions -- there 's no advantage to
               | creating that world, that is the world we already have.
               | The only difference is that a few people on Reddit
               | haven't gotten rich off of the world we have.
               | 
               | The fact that the majority of the market is still
               | standardized on Bitcoin despite a plurality of clearly
               | better coins drives home to me that the discussion about
               | Bitcoin has nothing to do with practical merits of the
               | system, and everything to do with a bunch of people
               | trying to extract as much money as possible before
               | tragedy of the commons sets in. We can make centralized
               | banks without bitcoin. If that's the end goal, then we
               | should absolutely get rid of the blockchain because
               | blockchain is not necessary for a centralized bank
               | exchange with a small number of government-level actors.
               | 
               | I'm surrounded by people who tell me that Bitcoin is a
               | giant innovation, but who are then openly hostile to any
               | kind of improvement to the platform and who are
               | continually dismissing valid criticisms of its technology
               | and governance model as irrelevant because those
               | criticisms don't directly impact Bitcoin's value as a
               | purely speculative currency. What you're describing when
               | you propose a single, centralized exchange is, "we want
               | to make banks a second time the same way, except less
               | efficiently with fundamentally outdated technology,
               | because we want some of the pie this time."
               | 
               | Which, great, but as a non-speculator, why on earth
               | should I support that or care about it?
        
               | jakupovic wrote:
               | I would say first read the article, which goes in detail
               | what it solves. I'm not doing a TL;DR for you here but
               | the post title does have a lot to do with it. You're
               | stuck on speculation side. There are other parts to the
               | problem which also needed a solution. As the time
               | progresses the reward is smaller and then becomes
               | negligible if bitcoin ever fulfilled it's ultimate goal.
               | This is the reward for early adoption.
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | I did read the article, it's an explanation of how
               | blockchains work. And I know how blockchains work.
               | 
               | What the article doesn't explain is why decentralized
               | consensus and ledgers matter for a system that is
               | increasingly obviously designed to be centralized and
               | used in a centralized manner.
               | 
               | Yes, Bitcoin allows transaction resolution in a
               | distributed ledger. The problem is that everything _else_
               | around Bitcoin 's design, implementation, and community
               | is ill-suited for creating a decentralized currency.
               | There are a hundred coins out there that use a blockchain
               | to "create time". The article does not explain why
               | _Bitcoin_ in specific is worth paying attention to, other
               | than because speculators are currently already paying
               | attention to it.
        
               | jakupovic wrote:
               | First to market and the technology that works good
               | enough. Nothing has come around that is better, enough,
               | to warrant a switch. Once that happens we will go with
               | better technology, it has always been the case.
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | _The current banking system_ is better right now, because
               | it 's at least usable and scalable. Of course the current
               | banking system is centralized and expensive, which is a
               | problem, but if a substantial portion of Bitcoin's
               | userbase is arguing for that transaction speeds and costs
               | are irrelevant because Bitcoin will be centralized too,
               | then I'm not giving them credit for that.
               | 
               | And frankly, it's not at all true that no other coins
               | have come around that are better. Monero is vastly better
               | at privacy than Bitcoin in pretty much every way. There
               | are already coins on the market that are using proof of
               | stake today. In pretty much every area, the state of
               | cryptocurrency has evolved over Bitcoin -- but,
               | importantly, none of those coins have become better
               | systems for speculative investing. And I would argue
               | that's the "better enough" that most Bitcoin advocates
               | care about.
               | 
               | I also don't see any reason to assume that once Bitcoin
               | goes more mainstream that a community that is currently
               | hostile to change because it might affect their wallets
               | is suddenly going to be less hostile to change. Bitcoin
               | could be evolving today. People could be switching to
               | better coins today. But they're not. It's not going to be
               | easier to make those improvements in the future.
               | 
               | Bitcoin _is_ the technology. The idea that we need wide
               | adoption of a technology that is ill suited for the
               | problem it is trying to solve, just so that we can drop
               | that technology and choose something that 's actually
               | usable on its own without first reimplementing the entire
               | concept of banks -- it just doesn't make sense as a long-
               | term strategy.
        
               | jakupovic wrote:
               | You're discounting the whole problem the bitcoin solves
               | because of speculating. Since dawn of time there have
               | been only 2 types of money, token and ledger. Bitcoin
               | came around and created a third type of money and the
               | genius of it is to do that it had to create a new concept
               | of time. That's the cool part that the article goes in
               | depth about. I'm sorry but it's hard for me to believe
               | that anyone who read that article can go back to
               | "speculation" arguments.
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | There are tons of coins that do what Bitcoin is doing,
               | except better. They also create their own concept of
               | time. They handle distributed anonymity better, they
               | integrate very clever concepts like zero-knowledge proofs
               | and proof of stake. Bitcoin does not have a monopoly on
               | the concept of a distributed ledger or any of the other
               | concepts that are actually interesting about blockchain
               | technology.
               | 
               | But Bitcoin _is_ particularly bad at everything
               | surrounding the concept of a distributed ledger. In fact,
               | it is set up in such a way as to make working with its
               | distributed ledger more difficult than it needs to be. It
               | was an interesting first pass at this technology, but it
               | has been very clearly surpassed by other coins in pretty
               | much every single way.
               | 
               | So the question is, given that Bitcoin is particularly
               | bad at what it does, given that other cryptocurrencies
               | are doing the same things that the article praises except
               | better, why are people sticking with an outdated
               | technology? I would posit that people who are really
               | genuinely excited about concepts of "creating time" would
               | be moving to better coins that are doing even more clever
               | things than Bitcoin is, and the people who remain are
               | largely remaining because they're interested in the
               | speculation part and for them concepts like "first to
               | market" are very important.
               | 
               | But I don't see how anybody would ever say they prefer
               | Bitcoin because of the technology. It's outdated.
        
               | jakupovic wrote:
               | Going in circles here, first to market and good enough
               | technology, that's all there is to it.
        
               | freeone3000 wrote:
               | The problem it solves is that currently, it's not
               | possible for any single central entity to prove anything
               | about ownership changes directly. Now, you can simply
               | trace every on-chain transaction on the chain -- it's as
               | if there were a universal log of every SWIFT transaction,
               | available to the public. It's incredibly useful for
               | forensics! And we can leverage the huge amount of compute
               | power directed here to do useful work as a side effect,
               | by putting in identity stakes and layer2'ing things like
               | proof-of-identity or proof-of-ownership.
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | But no, it doesn't solve those problems. Because you're
               | talking about setting up a central exchange and layering
               | separate currencies on top of it. You're talking about
               | the majority of settlements and transactions taking place
               | off-chain.
               | 
               | So when you think about tracking on-chain transactions,
               | what you're really talking about is tracking government-
               | level, giant transactions that are largely divorced from
               | the kind of detailed forensics that people would want to
               | do. Which... there are better ways to audit giant
               | government-level agencies than a blockchain.
               | 
               | Similarly, leveraging the blockchain to handle things
               | like proof-of-identity doesn't work if the transaction
               | speed for ordinary people can't keep up. If you want to
               | use Bitcoin for proof of identity transactions, you need
               | ordinary people interacting with the network, not a
               | central exchange. Because again, if you have a few
               | central exchanges that everyone is interacting with, then
               | it's almost strictly better to just let them handle proof
               | of identity and proof of ownership in shared centralized
               | databases.
               | 
               | The only reason Bitcoin could matter is if it actually
               | did scale enough that it was feasible for ordinary people
               | to use it for micro-transactions and as a performant,
               | robust API. But the problem is that Bitcoin as a
               | technology is poorly suited for that use case, and none
               | of the people hyping are interesting in solving those
               | problems, evolving the technology, or moving to other
               | coins that would be better suited.
               | 
               | In a world with centralized exchanges and secondary
               | layers on top of bitcoin that consolidate and batch
               | transactions, all of the problems you're describing end
               | up being easier and better to solve by just having the
               | centralized exchanges coordinate with each other, the
               | same way that banks already do. And to the extent that
               | banks _don 't_ coordinate with each other right now, it's
               | unrealistic to assume that the blockchain is going to
               | suddenly change their incentives or force them to do so.
        
             | byset wrote:
             | I hear this idea a lot, that Bitcoin is obviously flawed
             | design that would be done differently if we could do it
             | over again, so either it's the myspace of crypto and
             | something better will supersede it, or it's the QWERTY
             | keyboard (or maybe MS Windows 3.0) of crypto -- locked in
             | as a standard due to network effect but it's a sad thing
             | because it's basically a garbage design that we're all
             | stuck with now.
             | 
             | But it's always kind of vague what is fundamentally
             | different about this imaginary, perfected version of
             | bitcoin. Is it the block size, i.e. Bitcoin Cash is really
             | the ideal bitcoin? Seems highly debatable, but anyhow, the
             | block size is a debate about tradeoffs between
             | centralization and throughput rather than an obviously
             | embarrassing decision. Or is it more about the issuance
             | schedule and supply cap?
             | 
             | Generally, if the current bitcoin is an embarrassing beta
             | version that we're stuck with due to network effect, what
             | does the better bitcoin look like? Does it exist already?
             | That seems like a more interesting conversation than a
             | meta-discussion about why we're stuck with this "dumb beta
             | version" or why bitcoin maximalists are so mean.
        
             | samatman wrote:
             | This is where it's good that the article did such a solid
             | job of explaining the difference between a token and a
             | ledger.
             | 
             | Any ledger which represents value in a purely abstract
             | sense _has to_ start at zero value-- and any ledger which
             | represents ownership of some concrete asset has to be kept
             | aligned with reality, which makes it a nonstarter for a
             | trustless, distributed system.
             | 
             | As an aside, the value of "one Bitcoin" is a bit of a
             | distraction: market cap is the relevant measure, as long as
             | we're using an existing currency as the unit of account,
             | and the only market cap at which a distributed ledger could
             | be relatively stable is many trillions of dollars.
             | 
             | So, for a trustless and decentralized ledger to become the
             | next monetary framework through voluntary action, it has to
             | start cheap, and persist for long enough to become
             | expensive. There's simply no other way of doing it.
             | 
             | As for why Bitcoin, and not some other cybercoin: well,
             | jury is out, isn't it? But money exhibits very strong
             | network effects, and Bitcoin's first-mover advantage is
             | considerable. A global marketplace doesn't have any
             | reliable way to communicate other than price signals, and
             | either BTC forms a Schelling point as the new baseline
             | store of value, or it doesn't.
             | 
             | It hasn't yet, but it remains the most credible candidate.
             | If you were a small central bank, nervous about the effect
             | of 2020 USD and EUR printing on the buying power of your
             | foreign exchange reserves, and you wanted to buy a little
             | chunk of some distributed ledger "just in case", which one
             | would you pick? Probably the first one you heard of, and
             | the one with the largest market cap: Bitcoin and BTC,
             | respectively.
        
             | hfsp wrote:
             | >There's a bizarre religiousity and post hoc
             | rationalizations for some of the weirdest decisions in its
             | design, and mistaking speculative mania and nominal price
             | for success
             | 
             | This is a feature, not a bug. It is very difficult to
             | change the protocol. We have a 100% certain monetary
             | policy.
             | 
             | I agree with you that perception of what btc is and isn't
             | changes with time.
             | 
             | If you have a proposal, you are free to create and propose
             | a BIP, or fork off.
             | 
             | Good luck.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | inter_netuser wrote:
           | And down the rabbit hole we fall.
        
           | nerdkid93 wrote:
           | > then basically defaulted and forced everyone to accept
           | dollars by force
           | 
           | I found 3 instances of "defaults" over the history of the
           | U.S. Federal Government[0], and I cannot figure out to which
           | of those occurrences you might be referring. Bretton Woods
           | was the agreement that made the USD the world's reserve
           | currency, and that lasted for 30ish years while the U.S. was
           | still on the gold standard.
           | 
           | [0] Has the U.S. Government Ever "Defaulted"?
           | https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44704.pdf
        
           | nickysielicki wrote:
           | > Bitcoin is digital gold for settlements among digital
           | currencies.
           | 
           | What are the implications of this on the network stability
           | wrt mining? Doesn't bitcoin _need_ transaction volume to
           | remain a stable network?
           | 
           | My read is that the incentive structure changes. Right now,
           | miners are motivated by block rewards. In the future, they'll
           | be motivated by transaction fees. If transactions are rare,
           | mining profitably is going to become much more difficult.
           | Pair this with 51% attacks, and the long ramp-up of mining
           | capabilities starts to look like it will regress after the
           | the rewards go to zero. Can the network survive that?
        
             | cyphertruck wrote:
             | To answer that question you have to make assumptions about
             | the cost of mining, the cost of attacks and the cost of
             | hash power at a point 117 years from now. But we know in
             | the future hash power (technology) will be cheaper and thus
             | bitcoin security will be cheaper, while bitcoin will be
             | more valuable (or non-existing -- it has to be either or).
             | 
             | Also remember if you have wealth in bitcoin you would
             | likely mine at a loss merely to secure your own bitcoin.
             | 
             | I can't imagine mining going away.
             | 
             | I think every appliance in a household will end up mining a
             | little bit and it will be intrinsic to the fabric of the
             | economy. The way the internet is now.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | > Also remember if you have wealth in bitcoin you would
               | mine at a loss merely to secure your own bitcoin.
               | 
               | You could also send null transactions which do nothing
               | but pay a transaction fee
        
               | nickysielicki wrote:
               | If you're freely giving away money (either in the form of
               | null transactions or putting money into mining) just to
               | secure value that you're holding, you've clearly
               | mispriced the asset you're trying to secure!
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | If you put money in a savings account with interest below
               | inflation, just to secure the value that you're holding,
               | did you misprice the value? Or for example if you buy
               | gold and then pay someone to watch it for you, does that
               | mean you mispriced it?
        
               | nickysielicki wrote:
               | Both of those examples (holding money in savings account,
               | holding paper PMs) are ultimately about liquidity, I
               | don't see how bitcoin relates.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | Null transactions require mining. The question is if
               | nobody wants to mine who will mine? Old mining chips are
               | already so cheap they cost less than a cheap bitcoin
               | transaction. It would not cost much to mine just to
               | preserve the value of your holdings.
        
               | shawnz wrote:
               | The point of submitting the transaction would be to
               | incentivize mining by posting a bounty for it, in the
               | form of a transaction fee. It would be just like paying
               | other people to mine at a loss on your behalf.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | Ah,I misunderstood your point because I read another
               | reply.
               | 
               | You make an excellent point!
        
               | nickysielicki wrote:
               | > To answer that question you gave to make assumptions
               | about the cost if mining, the cost if attacks and the
               | cost of hash power at a point 117 years from now.
               | 
               | I'm not convinced that you actually do have to make too
               | many assumptions. The claim I'm making here is that
               | bitcoin has had a steady and predictable increase in
               | mining demand as the currency has grown, but that _iff_
               | bitcoin becomes solely a low-volume high-value settlement
               | platform (instead of a buy-coffee high-volume low-value
               | blockchain), there will be a demand shock once the block
               | rewards go to zero. You can reason about this while
               | keeping the hashrates and cost of achieving that hashrate
               | abstract.
               | 
               | If volume grows, this argument is moot because there will
               | be plenty of transaction fees to gobble.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | Not sure how you measure an increase in mining demand,
               | but given that we have had three halvenings now, doesn't
               | that imply mining isn't going away? They are getting less
               | bitcoin, yet still mining. I don't think it will be a
               | shock by then. Put another way, the shock in 2012, 2016
               | and 2020 have all made mining very profitable in the
               | following years resulting in mining booms in 2013, 2017 &
               | 2021 (so far.)
               | 
               | Transaction volumes over time have risen as well. If
               | bitcoin has amy value to society in 113 years, people
               | will pay to transact it. Whether that is one expensive
               | transaction a month or a million every block I don't
               | know-- but I think the latter is more likely.
        
               | tomp wrote:
               | > But we know in the future hash power (technology) will
               | be cheaper and thus bitcoin security will be cheaper,
               | 
               | This is not in line with my understanding if BTC. The
               | difficulty adjusts automatically, so the real cost isn't
               | hashing, but energy. And there is no inherent reason why
               | any less energy would be spent/wasted on mining/securing
               | BTC (assuming it will be worth more than today).
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | The costs of mining are both capital to acquire the
               | equipment and replace it when it is obsolete... and
               | energy. It's not just energy. Recently that capital cost
               | is about %50 of OpEx, but of course it varies. We cannot
               | predict the future cost of electricity, but we can
               | predict that technology will get cheaper, more generic
               | and thus more ubiquitous. This is what I meant by
               | "cheaper".
               | 
               | I expect it will be cheap the way wifi is cheap on a
               | raspberry pi. They just include it because you may use it
               | and it's cheaper to include it than to make both a
               | version with and a version without the WiFi module. (If
               | you inly use WIFI, then the sane argument goes for the
               | redundant-to-you ethernet port.)
               | 
               | You are right about difficulty factor, but that just
               | adjusts how fast blocks are won based on past 2 weeks.
               | 
               | Even when price of BRC has crashed, hash power doesn't
               | instantly go away.
               | 
               | Also an attack lets you re-organize recent blocks only.
               | Increased depth gets more expensive pretty quick.
               | 
               | If mining chips are cheap and ubiquitous, then an attack
               | us very hard, because you have to beat all the existing
               | honest chips with your attack.
               | 
               | If mining is cheap to attack, the rewards of such an
               | attack will be low.
               | 
               | If bitcoin is valuable, it will be expensive to attack.
        
           | svachalek wrote:
           | This idea is a big one behind the development of modern
           | crypto currencies. Ideas like "Layer 2", "Zero Knowledge
           | Rollups", and "Parachains" are all built on the idea that not
           | everything that happens needs to be on the main blockchain.
           | 
           | Personally I suspect that eventually a more modern blockchain
           | will become the base level of record, or more likely that we
           | may never settle on a single one, but indeed with proper
           | layering it could all be BTC in the end.
        
           | cyphertruck wrote:
           | In Bitcoin, the "local currency" equivalent to your
           | "MyDogeCoin" example is called The lightning network.
           | 
           | Simplifying a bit to support your analogy:
           | 
           | Bitcoin lets you lock coins on the chain for a certain amount
           | of time. Two people can do this, then trade bitcoin
           | transactions back and forth without submitting them.
           | 
           | For example, I lock coins and give my coworker a bitcoin
           | transaction I have signed giving him $10 worth of bitcoin for
           | my share of the days lunch. Next day he fives me one for $13
           | for his share, and I give the restaurant $43 for the bill--
           | all these transactions are literally trading bitcoin IOUs,
           | but in a nearly trustless way.
           | 
           | This means a great deal of transactions can happen off chain
           | without the risk of theft.
        
           | ori_b wrote:
           | Why are you so excited about a really inefficient clearing
           | house? We already have those.
        
             | danlugo92 wrote:
             | Ask Venezuelans and Iranians.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | It doesn't seem like Bitcoin has actually solved any
               | problems for them.
        
               | ori_b wrote:
               | Why are they interested in producing a public record of
               | their transactions? Isn't that dangerous given their
               | current political situations?
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Have you?
               | 
               | Venezuelans and Iranians aren't using crypto in any large
               | numbers outside the dreams of speculators. Real people
               | who actually need to do commerce prefer to transact in
               | USD when the local currency falls short. You're never
               | going to lose all your dollars because somebody guessed
               | your email password.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | That's all fine, but the argument isn't that BTC has some use
           | case. The argument is that BTC has some use case that is so
           | valuable that the combined value of all BTC should be in the
           | tens or hundreds of trillions of dollars.
        
           | Geee wrote:
           | There are also trustless ways to do that. Bitcoin's Lightning
           | Network does exactly this in trustless way, and it's feeless,
           | instant and private. Every "Lightning bitcoin" is
           | cryptographically backed by real bitcoin. In the end, all
           | transactions are settled on the Bitcoin main chain.
           | 
           | Then there are centralized credit networks backed by Bitcoin.
           | Paypal and Visa (with a custodian / bank) already provide
           | this, in combination with a seamless exchange to local
           | currency that is accepted by the merchant. For custodians,
           | it's possible to algorithmically prove reserves, so that
           | every user can verify that their "bitcoin IOU" is backed by
           | actual bitcoin, but no one currently provides this afaik.
        
         | ssss11 wrote:
         | Yes, you're right. It's very common for people to refuse to
         | attempt to understand something new and change their mind on a
         | topic. At the same time, crypto has the potential to change the
         | status quo for everyone and those invested in the existing
         | financial systems don't want their pride hurt, adding to the
         | refusal to impartially analyse crypto and make their own
         | decision.
        
         | noxer wrote:
         | >Bitcoin is onto something
         | 
         | What if it "was"?
         | 
         | The "hate" people express against bitcoin especially here on HN
         | is often towards the implementation. People clearly see the
         | flaw in PoW if they are not emotionally attached to it because
         | they have no money at stake. You should not misinterpret that
         | as hate because they missed the train to richness.
         | 
         | Objectively PoW does not scale. Objectively we have DLTs
         | (blockchains) with Federated Byzantine Agreement (FBA) instead
         | of PoW/PoS that can do everything Bitcoin can and more without
         | the most severe downsides that come with PoW/PoS. The future
         | will probably bring even better tech and if we learned
         | something from the past then its that better solution always
         | take over the old worse solutions. Bitcoin ultimately has to
         | fail because its not a system that could be upgraded. Its most
         | fundamental core properties are intentionally not changeable.
        
           | Erlich_Bachman wrote:
           | But did you really include Lightning Network in your mental
           | calculations? If so, care to elaborate on what exactly would
           | stop it from working? (I mean it already works now, there is
           | nothing technical that is going to stop it from scaling)?
        
             | noxer wrote:
             | LN fundamentally changes nothing. Its still uses bitcoin Tx
             | it just combines many Tx and does the on-chain settlement
             | at a later point thus reducing the number of on-chain Tx
             | increases speed and reduces fees. But if we reduce Tx on
             | the chain we dont solve scalability we just bump into the
             | limits a little later. LN on a global scale would still
             | need orders or magnitude more on-chain Tx then possible.
             | 
             | And if LN would actually reduce on chain Tx to a level
             | where we would no longer need to worry about on-chain
             | limits then we rendered bitcoin useless because we
             | literally reduced the need for Tx to basically zero. Whos
             | gonna pay for mining if block rewards vanish and LN makes
             | on-chain Tx vanish as well?
             | 
             | Bitcoins "goal" is that on-chain Tx should always be near
             | the max so the fee per Tx is the lowest possible and reward
             | are the highest While LNs "goal" would be to reduce the on-
             | chain Tx to near zero because every on-chain Tx is
             | extremely expensive.
             | 
             | It probably meets somewhere in the middle. which means its
             | still gets worse and worse the more Tx are made even if
             | they are made over LN. Thats the definition of "not scaling
             | well".
             | 
             | LN and bitcoin are supposed to by a symbiosis but LN is the
             | parasite that works best when it almost kills is own host.
             | You can see it though the actions of large miners. They are
             | not supporting LN. They could pour millions in the
             | development and advertisement of LN but they dont want it,
             | it reduces their profit.
             | 
             | Its just very very deeply flawed overly complex system that
             | only exist because some people would not accept that the
             | layer 1 has deep flaws. Is rather obvious that building on
             | top is not the right way forward. An since changing layer 1
             | is not possible in any meaningful way the only way forward
             | is to abandon it. Which wont happen as long as people make
             | money with it.
             | 
             | >what exactly would stop it from working?
             | 
             | The absolute end state is that hashrate drops or stops
             | increasing due to the fact that it isn't profitable anymore
             | which leads to double spend and essentially destroys any
             | trust in the system and renders it useless.
             | 
             | No one know at which point hashing will no longer be
             | profitable for a long enough time to cause this cascading
             | effect. But once it started the price crashes > pushes more
             | miners out of businesses > further reducing hash rate >
             | panic > price drop more > repeat
             | 
             | All while mining hardware becomes cheap because demand goes
             | to zero and supply increases, which makes a double spending
             | attack cheaper. Then once a double spend has been observed
             | its game over. There inst even a theoretical plan how to
             | move on at that point. In simple words it would move the
             | requirement for block conformations to infinite so there is
             | no point in doing any Tx anymore. Everyone just has to wait
             | which further reduces any rewards for miners.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | " LN fundamentally changes nothing. Its still uses
               | bitcoin Tx it just combines many Tx and does the on-chain
               | settlement at a later point thus reducing the number of
               | on-chain Tx increases speed and reduces fees."
               | 
               | That's changing everything.
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | The difficulty can adjust down over time if interest goes
               | down, and that's pretty much fine as long as no one gets
               | over 50% of the hashrate.
        
             | olah_1 wrote:
             | Exactly. Lightning was anticipated from the very first
             | email group conversation on Bitcoin. It is not ready for
             | primetime usage, but it is rapidly approaching that point
             | as Lightning improves.
             | 
             | The "killer app" of Bitcoin is the shared CPU power /
             | consensus, not necessarily the plain layer-1 transactions.
        
               | noxer wrote:
               | No clue where you got that from but satoshi expressed in
               | his emails that he was under the impression that bitcoin
               | would scale on its own in the early days. Just like he
               | tough that millions of people would us their desktop to
               | mine and therefore decentralization would only ever
               | increase over time.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | Lightning network is just a brand name for the
               | cryptography that was needed to make Satoshi's payment
               | channels work.
               | 
               | So, while Satoshi's opinion isnt really relevant to
               | bitcoin's future, since you brought it up, Satoshi
               | clearly didn't think layer one was the inly way yo go.
        
               | olah_1 wrote:
               | > No clue where you got that from
               | 
               | "Most transactions cancel out at the account level. The
               | binks demand bitcoins of each other only because they
               | don't want to hold account money for too long. So a
               | relatively small amount of bitcoins infrequently
               | transacted can support a somewhat larger amount of
               | account money frequently transacted."
               | 
               | https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/emails/cryptography
               | /th...
               | 
               | > satoshi expressed in his emails that he was under the
               | impression that bitcoin would scale on its own in the
               | early days
               | 
               | And it did. I don't think today still classifies as
               | "early". See above for people already thinking far ahead
               | for longterm solutions to scaling.
        
           | cloakandswagger wrote:
           | >People clearly see the flaw in PoW if they are not
           | emotionally attached to it because they have no money at
           | stake. You should not misinterpret that as hate because they
           | missed the train to richness.
           | 
           | The vitriol that Bitcoin evokes from HN commenters can really
           | only be explained by jealousy, the environmental concern is
           | just a cover for covetousness.
        
             | solosoyokaze wrote:
             | This is true, because the vitriol was there prior to anyone
             | complaining about Bitcoin's power usage (i.e. when it was
             | too small to matter).
             | 
             | I remember when I first heard of Bitcoin. I quite frankly
             | found it technically intimidating. It was a totally new
             | concept. I didn't get it. I took my own discomfort as a
             | sort of signal that it was really important; something
             | totally new. So I studied it. I had to put time and effort
             | to read the books, play with the code... Eventually I got
             | it and found it to be one of the most elegant pieces of
             | technology and sociology of my lifetime.
             | 
             | I think a lot of geeks never made that first push past the
             | intimidation. As the value has gone up, the sour grapes
             | have as well. This is a group of people that _should_ have
             | been first on the wagon, but instead many of us found out
             | the hard way we weren 't on the cutting edge as much as we
             | liked to think. Myself included, I have some Bitcoin but
             | I'm not a BTC millionaire, like I would have been had I
             | pushed harder through my intimidation faster.
        
               | noxer wrote:
               | If you do the same kinda research about FBA you will "get
               | it" too and you will know that PoW is useless. You
               | probably wont make money form that but still I hope you
               | dig into it. I myself saw "the beauty" in bitcoin once
               | and later saw it in FBA again. After all it solves the
               | same problem just in a very different way.
        
               | olah_1 wrote:
               | > You probably wont make money form that but still I hope
               | you dig into it
               | 
               | There is something to say for incentives. The positive
               | incentive loop is what drives adoption, innovation,
               | security etc.
        
               | noxer wrote:
               | There are FBA coins out there so people who want can trow
               | money at something an maybe make profit if they gain
               | value. But its not new so who knows how early people who
               | join now really are. Can't compare it with buying bitcoin
               | at a few bucks that's for sure.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | The problem is that there could easily be flaws in
               | Bitcoin that have been there all along. We'll know the
               | answer to this if it eventually fails.
               | 
               | I too wish I'd made more effort to buy it earlier.
               | Presumably that sentiment applies to the majority of
               | humans on earth, whether you are now a Bitcoin
               | millionaire or not.
        
             | hannasanarion wrote:
             | The energy wastage argument isn't "environmental concern".
             | If bitcoin were to scale up enough to combat Visa, it would
             | twice as much energy as all the generators in the world put
             | together can produce, just to do what Visa already does,
             | but without fraud detection, ID verification, or
             | reversibility.
        
             | noxer wrote:
             | Funny how there was no "environment" argument in the whole
             | message but someone came alone an made sure to devaluate it
             | anyway.
             | 
             | The argument was that PoW can not not scale. Its an obvious
             | objectively verifiable fact and its completely irrelevant
             | what kind of environmental side effects bitoin has or will
             | have in the future. For all we know it could run on fusion
             | reactors and biodegradable ASICS only and it still would
             | not scale.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | I don't understand the recent preference for taking
               | assertions and declaring them "obviously objectively
               | verifiable fact".... but that is a good indicator they
               | are false.
               | 
               | Bitcoin can and has scaled. And that is a fact, from
               | Segwit and Taproot to Lightning the capacity and cost
               | have improved dramatically.
        
             | boringg wrote:
             | That seems inflammatory (covetousness?).
             | 
             | My take is HN commenters try to typically reason through
             | articles with thought and an open mind. I would wager there
             | are so many bitcoin bros who hype ad nausea that beckons
             | the skepticism you see here.
        
               | cloakandswagger wrote:
               | "Bitcoin bros" is inflammatory and slanderous. Please
               | edit your comment.
        
               | CyberDildonics wrote:
               | You have called lock downs "arrogant and threatening
               | authoritarian movements" and told someone that saying
               | racist hate groups lead to violence is "hyperbole that
               | isn't going to work for you much longer". You also said
               | that "hn is filled with indignant nocoiners".
               | 
               | I think acting offended by 'bitcoin bros' is
               | hypocritical.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | On the other hand,
               | 
               | > the environmental concern is just a cover for
               | covetousness.
               | 
               | ...is an insulting way to dismiss a concern without
               | adressing it.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | I believe the distinction is that if you or I are accused
               | of sour-graping Bitcoin, we cry crocodile tears on the
               | internet, but if Bitcoin bros aren't taken as serious
               | thought leaders of the future world economy, they stand
               | to lose a lot of money, potentially leveraged.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | "Bitcoin bros" is a pejorative.
        
             | mortehu wrote:
             | Counterexample: when I recently read about its energy
             | consumption (per byte stored), I sold my bitcoins in
             | disgust, at roughly today's prices. I've held almost
             | continuously since 2011, although I trimmed my position a
             | few times.
             | 
             | If I come across something that works without PoW, is safe
             | against quantum computers and somehow eliminates the threat
             | of forks (seems impossible), I'll invest in that.
        
               | olah_1 wrote:
               | > when I recently read about its energy consumption (per
               | byte stored), I sold my bitcoins in disgust
               | 
               | You fell for the meme...
               | 
               | Energy consumption as compared to what? What energy
               | sources? This line of argumentation feels very misleading
               | to me and always has because it is presented with a very
               | specific framing. Here's an alternative framing for
               | example:
               | 
               | https://unchained-capital.com/blog/bitcoin-does-not-
               | waste-en...
               | 
               | At least you sold high, so good on you!
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | Good. I hope you git rid of your hair dryer as well.
               | 
               | It's not too late, you can get back in, though you will
               | have a tax bill. Maybe it can be a wash trade.
               | 
               | But if FUD that's dishonest about bitcoin mining scared
               | you off then you haven't learned enough about bitcoin
               | yet.
               | 
               | This us how bitcoin seeks the strongest hands. HFSP
        
               | mortehu wrote:
               | The hair dryer, unlike a blockchain, is not a technology
               | for durable, immutable and highly available storage, so I
               | wouldn't judge it based on energy per byte second.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | That us not the purpose of bitcoin. (There is no
               | "blockchain technology")
               | 
               | While bitcoin is a record of transactions, and as such a
               | database, it was not created to be a database.
               | 
               | Did you read the OP article?
        
               | elixirist wrote:
               | This will likely be dismissed as shilling of a shitcoin,
               | but on the off-chance anyone is actually willing to take
               | a look, this cryptocurrency meets your criteria (which is
               | exactly why I bought it): https://www.algorand.com/.
               | 
               | The pedigree of the team behind it is ridiculous, most
               | notably its creator: Silvio Micali - one of the co-
               | inventors of zero-knowledge proofs as well as other
               | cryptographic primitives.
               | 
               | EDIT: it's not quantum-safe yet, but that's a problem
               | they're actively researching, and given the team they
               | seemed credibly positioned to solve it.
               | 
               | See: https://www.algorand.com/resources/blog/chris_peiker
               | t_joins_... and
               | https://www.algorand.com/resources/blog/algorand-
               | contributes...
        
               | noxer wrote:
               | As per my original message you should look into FBA. Its
               | not a coin but some coins do use it. Whether you want to
               | buy such coins and which one is none of my business, but
               | the tech is there and works since years.
        
             | zepto wrote:
             | > The vitriol that Bitcoin evokes from HN commenters can
             | really only be explained by jealousy, the environmental
             | concern is just a cover for covetousness.
             | 
             | Obviously some people are jealous that they didn't hold
             | Bitcoin earlier and make a lot of money.
             | 
             | But equally, people who hold Bitcoin now are incentivized
             | to dismiss any critique of Bitcoin, since they stand to
             | profit directly from Bitcoin's reputation.
             | 
             | Therefore the motivations of all participants must be borne
             | in mind, and _no ad hominem_ carries any special weight
             | since all participants have incentives for motivated
             | reasoning.
        
           | cyphertruck wrote:
           | As an engineer with twenty years experience in this space and
           | nearly as long studying the economics of it, I have yet to
           | see a replacement for PoW that solves the problem that PoW
           | solves.
           | 
           | Proof of Work is trustless decentralization.
           | 
           | Proof of stake is trusting the dudes who premined the coin
           | and sold you a "fix for bitcoins inherent problem" to hype
           | their ICO.
           | 
           | If you were right, after 10 years one of those PoS currencies
           | would be winning. Can you even remember the proof of stake
           | currencies from 2011?
           | 
           | Why did they fail? After all they had a huge economic
           | advantage over bitcoin mining as they cost effectively zero
           | electricity.
           | 
           | Can you answer that question?
        
             | Geee wrote:
             | There hasn't been a secure decentralized PoS protocol.
             | Mostly they rely on one or more trusted validators.
             | Cardano's Ouroboros is apparently the first secure
             | decentralized PoS, that is mathematically proven to be as
             | secure as Bitcoin. I don't know if that's true, but that's
             | what they say.[0]
             | 
             | [0] Ouroboros - A Provably Secure Proof-of-Stake Blockchain
             | Protocol https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/889.pdf
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | I looked into the "mathematical proof" a couple years
               | ago, all I could find was hand waving and sleight of
               | hand. This convinced me it was a scam.
        
               | Geee wrote:
               | I can't really understand their papers, but they've been
               | published in peer-reviewed journals, so they're at least
               | somewhat legit. And if it's a scam then someone should be
               | able to attack it.
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | "This space" didn't exist 20 years ago.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | Yes it did. It has been going on for ~50 years, and
               | bitcoin is the culmination of work spanning that period.
               | 
               | Bitcoin was not the first cryptocurrency. It was the
               | first good one, though.
        
             | noxer wrote:
             | Its right in the message above. FBA is the result of
             | researching how to make a bitcoin like system without PoW.
             | PoS however is based on the ideas of PoW, it just moves the
             | flaws, its not a solution.
             | 
             | FBA was "invented/discovered" before PoS coins even
             | existed.
             | 
             | Essentially FBA is a distributed voting solution. Instead
             | of let the person who has solved the PoW write the Tx in a
             | block, everyone just votes on Tx order. The threshold is
             | rather arbitrary. Most systems use something around 80%. In
             | practice every valid Tx has near 100% votes anyway because
             | no one listens to dishonest nodes. But nodes can go offline
             | or Tx propagation can be delayed so a Tx could have only
             | reached part of the network and thus not reach 100% Not a
             | big deal even if a Tx has less than 80%. Nodes just re-vote
             | for the Tx for the next round. Double spend is solved by
             | the ordering alone. If one Tx is first the second that
             | moves the same funds somewhere else, breaks a fundamental
             | Tx rule so nodes wont vote to include the second. Which one
             | came first is irrelevant. Each node just votes for the one
             | he got first and in a possible second round it votes for
             | what the majority of other nodes said came first. So the
             | distributes system can not reach a state where a Tx is
             | stuck.
             | 
             | This is all very very very much simplified ofc but you can
             | easily lookup systems and dig into details if you are
             | interested. There are real "blocklchains" running with FBA
             | since many many years so it without any doubt works.
             | Although like I said in my original post it can allays be
             | improved.
        
               | cyphertruck wrote:
               | What you described doesn't even address the reason PoW
               | exists. So, I'm sorry but it sounds like you are
               | repeating something you heard without understanding the
               | issues at hand. I suggest you read "There's nothing
               | cheaper than proof of work" by Paul Storzc
        
       | boredpandas777 wrote:
       | Let me fix that title. Happy to be downvoted into negative
       | territory. I only have 11 points. Go ahead.
       | 
       | "Bitcoin Is A Waste of Time (and Resources)"
       | 
       | What Bitcoin has done is that it taught people they can come
       | together in a sustained flash mob (like an on-the-fly hedge fund
       | operation) and manipulate the price of speculative assets by
       | creating artificial short-term pump-n-dump type demand. Bitcoin
       | has trained our collective neural network to do this.
       | 
       | The huddled masses can take their new superpower and apply it to
       | stock, crypto, commodities on the commodity exchange, and all
       | kinds of speculative assets, especially the virtual kind.
       | 
       | It's taken a gambling-friendly society with feverish lust for
       | winning (think for-profit fantasy sports, online poker, day
       | trading, Vegas et al) and turned us into a giant decentralized
       | casino.
        
         | thebean11 wrote:
         | Are you implying a cause and effect relationship from crypto to
         | the GME stuff?
         | 
         | I think thats a big "citation needed" from me..seems more
         | likely both are on the "effect" side.
         | 
         | > Let me fix that title. Happy to be downvoted into negative
         | territory. I only have 11 points. Go ahead.
         | 
         | How brave..
        
         | Gatsky wrote:
         | Well what you say has some merit, but...
         | 
         | Goldrush FOMO is a very powerful force. Not saying this applies
         | to you, but I think some people can't stand the cognitive
         | dissonance of being a hacker and not getting into bitcoin,
         | missing out on life-changing money. To deal with it, they need
         | to vilify bitcoin often on quasi-moral grounds.
        
         | aerosmile wrote:
         | Gutsy, but it paid off. 86 karma points at the time of this
         | writing.
        
         | ta1234567890 wrote:
         | You just described the stock market. The only difference is
         | that before, there were only a handful of people with the power
         | and tools to manipulate it (ie. Wall Street), whereas now, due
         | to the power of the Internet and social networks, masses of
         | people are able to coordinate to achieve similar effects.
         | 
         | In a way, what has been happening lately, is the
         | democratization of the power to game the system. Which doesn't
         | mean that now anyone can do it, but rather that it is not
         | limited only to the rich and powerful anymore (until they
         | figure out a way to gate-keep it again).
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | The stock market is a place to purchase productive assets.
           | That share I own represents _actual work_ done by human
           | beings to produce goods and services. That BTC I own
           | represents an immutable thing that itself does nothing.
        
             | BLKNSLVR wrote:
             | The stock market is also a place for those of significant
             | means to gamble on bets of variable terms.
             | 
             | Your description is correct, but it's far from the full
             | picture.
        
             | MrMan wrote:
             | A BTC is a receipt for compute wasted
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | usernamefk wrote:
         | thanks for the comment. I totally agree. sadly, we are stuck
         | with it...
        
         | oarabbus_ wrote:
         | The most boring, tired take around.
         | 
         | Ignorant people like to call it Dutch Tulips. Was Dutch Tulips
         | a one-tie event? Or did it continue to increase in value and
         | usage with higher highs and higher lows every couple years?
         | 
         | By your "waste of resources" take, which is again so tired - at
         | least Bitcoin is helping Venezuelans and Nigerians and others
         | who have purchased it, unlike video games, which waste FAR more
         | electricity and are a larger waste of resources.
        
         | rafale wrote:
         | How many "bubbles" you know that have been through multiple
         | boom and bust cycles? The US economy doesn't count.
        
         | dgs_sgd wrote:
         | Do you think all the institutional investors who have bought
         | billions worth of bitcoin in the last several months see it as
         | a pump-n-dump?
        
           | devoutsalsa wrote:
           | They make money from you when you use their services. If
           | FinancialCo thinks you'll buy Bitcoin, they'll offer it to
           | you for a fee. They'd sell investments in inflatable
           | dinosaurs if they could make enough money from fees for doing
           | so.
        
             | m00dy wrote:
             | They use Bitcoin as a hedge against US dollar. It looks
             | like stimulus packages are the new normal.
        
             | dgs_sgd wrote:
             | Institutions selling bitcoin investments for a fee is just
             | one category. There are hedge funds and companies
             | purchasing with their own money.
        
         | nathias wrote:
         | do you think bitcoin invented capitalism?
        
         | jksmith wrote:
         | In the analog perception of time it takes for me to complain
         | about kids getting on my lawn, a measurable percentage of the
         | pics taken in the 20th century were just now taken digitally.
        
         | centimeter wrote:
         | You're describing the concept known as "money".
        
         | ball_of_lint wrote:
         | Why do you think young people today are willing to take these
         | extreme risks? Casinos and speculative instruments existed
         | decades ago.
         | 
         | I think it's because of the massive economic inequality that
         | people experience today. Working an unskilled, or even a
         | skilled job doesn't go as far today as it has in the past. Many
         | people have internalized that they will never be as
         | "successful" or as rich as their elders. Given that situation,
         | it's easy to see why these risky asymmetrical bets are
         | attractive. A failed investment pushes you deeper into poverty,
         | but doesn't fundamentally change your situation. A successful
         | one has the potential to change your life and break the cycle
         | of poverty for you.
         | 
         | For someone who's about to declare bankruptcy, a lottery ticket
         | is an excellent deal. For the lower class of America, so are
         | these investments.
        
           | tachyonbeam wrote:
           | It's not an extreme risk if you only invest a small amount of
           | money. I wouldn't suggest anyone remortgage their house to
           | put that into bitcoin, but I've invested ~$1200 in there and
           | I'm willing to wait and see what happens. If I lose it, it
           | will be a learning experience and I'll be just fine.
        
             | imbnwa wrote:
             | People bet big when the ETA to payoff is perceived as near.
             | A number of elements impede this behavior wrt BTC I wager,
             | whereas in the case of GME, being a stock and not Bitcoin,
             | we saw this behavior more liberally I think
        
         | nightski wrote:
         | This distinction is so tiring. It's just not interesting
         | calling something gambling as if that is supposed to be bad.
         | Every move we make is a gamble (yes, even storing that precious
         | cash in the bank). Money is all about opportunity cost and
         | choosing to do nothing is just as much of a gamble as doing
         | something like storing it in bitcoin. Sticking ones head in the
         | sand doesn't change the fact that your only choice is to place
         | your bets and gamble.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Everything is indeed a game, but not all games are zero-sum.
           | 
           | I feel like when people criticize games, they are often
           | implicitly referring to the latter kind, and in that sense,
           | it's often constructive criticism.
        
             | Taek wrote:
             | Bitcoin is also not zero sum, it's a monetary system with
             | unique properties (particularly censorship resistance and
             | resistance to seizure) that can't be found in any other
             | monetary system.
             | 
             | Those qualities add value in a way that makes it attractive
             | to buyers even if they expect the price to go down over
             | time.
        
               | briatx wrote:
               | You're right! It's actually negative sum.
        
           | nexthash wrote:
           | I think you are the one with your head firmly shoved in the
           | sand. Bitcoin has enormous problems with legality, energy
           | usage, lack of trust, hacking, and slow, expensive
           | transactions that make it a really shitty alternative to
           | fiat. Bitcoin isn't just a gamble - its sole use as of now is
           | as a pump and dump scam. There is no earthly reason why a
           | digital token should be worth $50k a pop. Bitcoin is a shitty
           | bet, and I'd take USD and a bank account any day over it.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | thenoblesunfish wrote:
         | I love when you come to write a comment and someone did it for
         | you :D
        
         | 99_00 wrote:
         | It's not new. History is full of these schemes. Eventually
         | everyone who wants bitcoin has bought it, and there are no more
         | bids.
        
           | Scott_Sanderson wrote:
           | But yet . . .
           | 
           | Would you say eventually everyone who wants dollars will have
           | enough and the demand for new dollars will be zero?
        
             | 99_00 wrote:
             | Bitcoin and dollars are not comparable. The US government
             | forces you to use dollars under threat of violence. To
             | exist as a legal entity in society you must use dollars, to
             | pay fees, taxes, etc. And if you depend on the government,
             | you must accept dollars.
             | 
             | No one needs to use bitcoin. Its demand is chiefly
             | speculation. It has very little use other than a
             | speculative vehicle.
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | I think you describe quite well the fundamental reasons
               | bitcoin was created.
        
               | 99_00 wrote:
               | Everything created by people was created for a reason.
               | Having a reason for existing doesn't mean anything.
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | The entire world of finance is built upon there being an
           | infinitely increasing supply of people who want to buy in.
           | 
           | You're effectively saying that the global economy is also a
           | scheme. I wouldn't disagree with that, it's just that what
           | you're describing isn't unique to bitcoin.
        
             | 99_00 wrote:
             | >The entire world of finance is built upon there being an
             | infinitely increasing supply of people who want to buy in.
             | 
             | It's not. It's built on increasing productivity.
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | Financially aligning people through greed, speculation, is
         | certainly one way to gain "consensus" - however that ignores,
         | attempts to circumvent the harder work - which takes healthy
         | individuals who have genuine community via regular,
         | conversations that go deep - of building trust; Bitcoin is a
         | virus that has spread because our immune system isn't working,
         | we're currently weak due to a lack of real connection,
         | interconnection.
        
           | boredpandas777 wrote:
           | Thank you. Upvoted.
        
         | chrischen wrote:
         | Just because people use an asset for gambling doesn't mean it
         | is worthless.
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | Why are no-coiners so obsessed with price? You dismiss a
         | breakthrough technology, and probably skipped on reading a
         | quite interesting article, because you don't like Bitcoin's
         | price graph and the fact it attracts speculators?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | oliv__ wrote:
         | I'm genuinely amazed at how you're able to take such an in-
         | depth, thoughtfully written article, and reduce it into a mere
         | "bitcoin is a waste of time, people are gamblers".
        
           | matwood wrote:
           | I was a little disappointed since the poster didn't weave in
           | tulips...
        
           | crazydoggers wrote:
           | I've come to realize, that prejudice is amplified online.
           | Prejudice is, at its root, poorly examined opinions based on
           | insufficient evidence.
           | 
           | Prejudice gets amplified because it often seems insightful,
           | and online, barraged by information all day, people click,
           | read these blurbs and one liners, then pass them on.
           | 
           | Prejudice is also emotionally satisfying because typically
           | people believe what is already inline with their beliefs. So
           | taking the time to research and understand topics is not as
           | pleasurable as passing along prejudice.
           | 
           | It's all around us online, from simple celebrity gossip, to
           | political analysis, on and on.
           | 
           | We've somehow as a society got to get our heads around the
           | fact that this form of communication online is brand new to
           | the human experience, and we have to understand it's
           | impacting us in new ways.
           | 
           | I fear all the ways Prejudice is pushing us apart, and away
           | from fact, understanding, and compassion.
        
           | Solvitieg wrote:
           | It's easier to parrot a tired critique than it is to
           | contribute a useful thought.
           | 
           | What's concerning is its the top comment on this HN thread.
        
           | fwiwm2c wrote:
           | He likely didn't read it. People have strong visceral
           | reactions when they hear about Bitcoin - mostly because a lot
           | of them are salty.
        
             | anthropodie wrote:
             | Earlier I thought it had some obscure use case but this
             | article convinced me that Bitcoin does not deserve the hate
             | it does. It needs more discussion on ways to improve it and
             | solve energy problem! Full disclosure I have 0 bitcoins.
        
               | curuinor wrote:
               | BTC is as old as android, and as likely to change
               | basically and fundamentally as android.
        
           | ryanSrich wrote:
           | Hacker News' Law - The most negative comments receive the
           | most amount of votes on any thread related to Bitcoin or
           | Cryptocurrency.
        
             | usernamefk wrote:
             | ever wond2red why?
        
           | Igelau wrote:
           | I'm not sure if you're trying to dismiss the parent comment,
           | or if this is a damning observation on "thought" regarding
           | bitcoin. Probably some of both, right?
        
         | hooande wrote:
         | Ugh. I appreciate and agree with your perspective, but this
         | isn't related to the content of the article at all. You just
         | responded to the title
        
         | reader_mode wrote:
         | Interest rates are negative - if you're saving in cash you're
         | losing money. Everyone is happy to gamble in assets and
         | commodities because the money has to go somewhere and it's not
         | like there's infinite opportunities the money can go into, so
         | it's "to the moon" on the markets.
        
           | epx wrote:
           | This is one of the few positives about Bitcoin - if people
           | choose to sink money into it, effectively redistributing
           | weatlh to people that bought these useless hashes when they
           | were sold at $100, real estate, gold and other useful things
           | we want will not appreciate as fast as if it didn't exist :)
        
         | hoka-one-one wrote:
         | Thank you, HN top-comment Bitcoin pessimist blogposter #378
        
         | eloff wrote:
         | It's a ten year pump and dump scheme?
         | 
         | I'm also skeptical of bitcoin, but it can't be dismissed so
         | easily anymore. There's clearly something to it, but what? Is
         | it it just speculation about future value, a hedge against
         | inflation and government control? A way around laws and
         | currency export controls?
         | 
         | I'm not sure.
        
           | helen___keller wrote:
           | Bitcoin obviously offers some value to some people, but I
           | think bitcoin's greatest innovations were social.
           | 
           | The bitcoin community has innovated all sorts of social tools
           | for advocating causes and pumping assets. Could $TSLA have
           | reached $850 post-split without these techniques? Maybe.
           | Could $GME have reached around $350 without an army of
           | "diamond hands" and "to the moon" (read: crypto memes)?
           | Definitely not.
           | 
           | This may feel like a stupid point, but I mean it. Goldbugs
           | have been a thing for forever, but the sort of digital
           | advocacy that bitcoin sees puts them to shame by comparison.
           | Not only is there a hoard of crypto fanatics ready to tell
           | you why sitting out of bitcoin is the worst decision you've
           | been making your entire life, but you can even get several
           | entirely disjoint explanations for _why_ bitcoin is something
           | you should invest in (some at a glance: it 's going to make
           | digital payments easy, it's a scarce asset like gold and will
           | only increase in price, it will replace fiat as a global
           | currency, it's a revolutionary technology and nothing else
           | like it has been seen before, etc). Similarly, if you try to
           | critique any one of these, another supporter will instantly
           | take up the fight by moving the goalposts to _their_
           | preferred explanation on why bitcoin is great. (Oh sure it
           | can 't do many transactions, but it's not actually for
           | payments it's digital gold...)
           | 
           | This isn't meant to be derogatory against bitcoin supporters,
           | but rather an expression of wonder. It's clearly not a fluke:
           | bitcoin drops off the radar for most people and comes back
           | every couple of years, clearly whatever the supporters and
           | investors are doing to advocate for it is _working_.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | malwarebytess wrote:
         | > It's taken a gambling-friendly society with feverish lust for
         | winning (think for-profit fantasy sports, online poker, day
         | trading, Vegas et al) and turned us into a giant decentralized
         | casino.
         | 
         | I agree with your post overall, but I think you'd be foolish to
         | think that it wasn't always this way. The only difference is
         | another strata of folk now can play as well.
        
         | zby wrote:
         | And yet this is the way to create money - money is what we
         | believe other people will want and will give us something
         | valuable in exchange. It only works because other people also
         | believe in it. It started with shells and gold and other
         | collectibles - and we still collectively manipulate the price
         | of gold in a kind of sustained flash mob. It is all circular -
         | but it works and when you want to create a new kind of money
         | you have to do the same trick again.
        
         | suifbwish wrote:
         | I believe it takes 72 TERAWATTS running for 10 minutes to mine
         | one bitcoin. How is that justifiable when we are slipping
         | deeper into an environmental crisis?
        
           | 908087 wrote:
           | Don't worry, the bitcoin "investment advisors" on social
           | media all bought Teslas, so it's basically a wash.
        
         | untilHellbanned wrote:
         | What's the correlation of people who hate on crypto who lost
         | money or missed out on it?
        
           | rawtxapp wrote:
           | There's a whole subreddit of them at /r/buttcoin.
        
           | loceng wrote:
           | I just posted this in another comment: "Convincing yourself
           | that someone commenting negatively about Bitcoin is simply
           | jealous is also a common thing I've seen many Bitcoin owners
           | use to justify ignoring legitimate counter-narratives of a
           | lot of propaganda."
        
         | rpowers wrote:
         | I'm really glad someone can articulate what I've bee thinking
         | for a long time. It started when I realized that bitcoin was
         | being used to fuel dark markets then again when I saw that
         | anyone was able to make a coin and pre-mine thousands before
         | sharing with others struck with FOMO.
        
           | cyphertruck wrote:
           | You can easily make rpowerscoin. But it won't be bitcoin. And
           | its existence will have negligible impact on bitcoin.
           | 
           | There have been 100,000 clones of bitcoin (according to
           | someone who claimed to have counted)but none are genuinely
           | successful. Even forks if bitcoin fail despite spending
           | millions on propaganda.
           | 
           | Think there might be a reason?
        
         | anthropodie wrote:
         | > Happy to be downvoted into negative territory.
         | 
         | I see another comment on top doing the same. Why do people
         | start with this? If you don't bother you should not even
         | brought that up. Seems like an underhanded way of getting more
         | points. Do people even fall for this?
        
           | olalonde wrote:
           | It's against HN's guidelines. I systematically downvote any
           | comment that does it.
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | > Do people even fall for this?
           | 
           | According to OP's comment, it has received 76 - 11 = 65 karma
           | as of now.
        
             | anthropodie wrote:
             | Haha. We need to spread awareness man.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | I actually have a lot of problems with Bitcoin, but I
               | think that low-effort upvote-bait is seriously stifling
               | productive discussion.
        
           | Igelau wrote:
           | For most other topics, I'd probably agree. In the case of
           | crypto currencies it's important to point out that you'd
           | rather hear compelling counterarguments rather than the all
           | too frequent "You're right but I wish you weren't" downvotes.
        
             | byset wrote:
             | wow, can you teach me how to read minds?
        
           | screaminghawk wrote:
           | Yes. It's a common pattern on reddit (and probably other
           | sites) to let people know your intentions, thoughts and
           | feelings to give context to the content of your post
        
           | renewiltord wrote:
           | It's a very effective meme. Like most such memes, it worms
           | itself inside, and the vehicle doesn't consciously know of
           | its presence. These people aren't thinking "I'll do this.
           | It'll get me votes". It is unconscious mimetic memetics, if
           | you will :)
           | 
           | Some of these memes become elevated into conscious actions.
           | For instance, people cynically exploit "Linux can't do X" to
           | get help for X. But some memes are unconscious and I think
           | "I'll be downvoted for this" or "Get out of here with your
           | facts and reason" or "Source?" are definitely examples of
           | these.
           | 
           | Personally, I think many of the privacy and security comments
           | are also memes that propagate through mimicry of success, but
           | that's its own thing.
        
             | Mitzi wrote:
             | Would you mind elaborating on which privacy and security
             | comments you think propagate as memes?
        
             | rtrdea wrote:
             | I was with you til the last sentence. Have an upvote
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Haha, that was unnecessarily controversial on my part. I
               | can totally accept that other people disagree on that.
        
               | floydnoel wrote:
               | but you didn't even add the requisite "go ahead and
               | downvote me!"
        
           | byset wrote:
           | given how much HN hates bitcoin, it's curious that anyone
           | would assume anti-bitcoin boilerplate would get downvoted
           | here
        
           | edem wrote:
           | I happily downvoted just because of this.
        
           | ryanSrich wrote:
           | It's a reddit technique to gain more fake internet points.
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | I have a personal policy, which, if treated as a Kantian
           | imperative, would eliminate this.
           | 
           | Any invitation to downvotes, I take. Any comment about
           | downvotes, means _at the least_ that I won 't upvote that
           | comment. Meta-comments about downvotes are exempt, I would
           | probably upvote this comment if I saw it from someone else.
           | 
           | Every person who adopts this policy improves the discourse by
           | discouraging this behavior, please consider it!
        
             | pbhjpbhj wrote:
             | Kant's second imperative is great!
             | 
             | However, people wanting feedback beyond mere downvotes is
             | legitimate and downvoting without comment is the actual
             | wrong here IMO.
             | 
             | IMO the best scheme here is that you _must_ provide a
             | reason to downvote. People who vote for your reason [ie
             | they agree with you about downvoting the parent] should be
             | the actual downvotes.
             | 
             | This way instead of apparently arbitrary downvotes one gets
             | a list of reasons with scores (HNs score hiding aside,
             | though they'd still be ordered) indicating their relative
             | worth as reasons for downvoting.
             | 
             | That is actionable. Under K2I that would allow everyone to
             | tailor their contents to the audience if they wished, or at
             | least understand the audience's approbation.
             | 
             | tl;dr I downvoted you ;o) ... except I didn't because your
             | comment has value even if I disagree !
        
               | samatman wrote:
               | I agree that the downvote mechanism on HN could use some
               | refinement!
               | 
               | Funny thing, when I went to quote the specific HN
               | guideline, I'm almost certain it used to say "Please
               | don't comment about downvotes. It never helps" or
               | something very much like that.
               | 
               | But the current guideline says:
               | 
               | > _Please don 't comment about the voting on comments. It
               | never does any good, and it makes boring reading._
               | 
               | Which we're all in violation of! I'll do my best to
               | follow this rule in the future.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | guardiangod wrote:
           | For the last 4 months I auto down vote whenever a post
           | mentions 'downvote me', then I read the comment and see if it
           | merits unvote.
           | 
           | So far I have reverted only once on HN.
        
         | 2-tpg wrote:
         | In my country, bitcoin guards against inflation. Local currency
         | in relation to the dollar, in 2020, I lost 50%. Bitcoin in
         | relation to the dollar, in 2020, did 300%.
         | 
         | Bitcoin here is a wealth transfer from the older generation to
         | the newer generation. The older generation owns and invests the
         | real estate, and this keeps the prices high and exclusive. The
         | newer generation (techn-savvy) can now use crypto profits to
         | fund innovation and progress. Several people I know funded
         | their own startups.
         | 
         | Of course the crypto market attracts tons of scum and shady
         | people too. And the hype can be damaging (older generation
         | buying in at all-time-highs, and panic selling, causing high
         | variance).
         | 
         | Early adopters were far from the huddled masses. Can't really
         | blame them for others jumping on the hype train, just like you
         | can't judge someone holding gold, by all the criminals holding
         | gold or states going to war over it. Forget energy usage for a
         | second, and wonder, "how many people actually die yearly to
         | keep the dollar valuation high?" I feel the "resource waste" is
         | more a feature, than a bug. If you need the electricity of
         | entire countries to attack the network, the network becomes
         | more robust.
         | 
         | And then let the new rich generation use their profits on
         | creating more green or nuclear energy, then keep on mining and
         | holding. Tesla could perhaps help here. Industries where energy
         | is a large part of the budget have the right economic
         | incentives to make renewable energy more cost-effective. Older
         | economies, industries, and hegemonies are married to oil, in
         | aggregate pollute far more, and lack the right incentives.
         | 
         | Poker is a game of skill which will serve you well if trading.
         | Don't judge the game by the drunk pot-splashing tourists, or
         | the risk-averse spectators in the stands, or the regulators
         | looking for a ban after being lobbied by the older generation.
         | 
         | Edit: I stopped bickering about and promoting bitcoin on HN
         | when the price was around 4500$. The very sentiment then: This
         | is a waste, and a hype, and a bubble, and only criminals use
         | it, tulip mania, gambling addicts. All the nay-sayers back then
         | should realize they actually lost people money! I got into
         | Bitcoin and ETH early due to an enthusiastic post on HN. Please
         | think back a few years, has your viewpoint changed? Do you
         | allow yourself to keep commenting negatively, knowing how wrong
         | you were for years now? Are you really doing the HN community a
         | service with your expert hot takes?
        
         | fredfoobar wrote:
         | I've been saying the same damn thing about automobiles man,
         | horses already have self driving even! and they don't pollute
         | like cars.
         | 
         | Look at the mess we're in now! who's laughing?? Cars pollute
         | and need roads, we had to build so many roads and gas stations.
         | We even had to go to war to make sure we have enough oil.
        
           | AndrewUnmuted wrote:
           | Horses also have a lifespan of up to 30 years. These days
           | you're lucky if you can get 8 years out of your car.
        
           | ForHackernews wrote:
           | I guess the difference is cars are useful.
           | 
           | What can I do with a bitcoin except hope to sell it for more
           | USD later?
        
             | cwkoss wrote:
             | Exchange it for goods and services.
             | 
             | What can you do with USD besides exchanging it for goods
             | and services? (Pay taxes)
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | The USD (and more importantly, the banking system), also
               | allows for efficient high-volume transfers,
               | reversibility, ID verification, and fraud investigation.
               | None of this is possible with blockchain, by design.
        
               | cwkoss wrote:
               | I'd argue that USD in isolation doesn't support those use
               | cases: the banking system does.
               | 
               | There is no reason a parallel banking system with all of
               | the same features cannot built with Bitcoin being used as
               | the denomination. I think this future is increasing
               | likely (probably much to the chagrin of decentralization
               | advocates) as Bitcoin increases in value and number of
               | holders.
               | 
               | efficient high-volume transfers - risky and expensive to
               | do with cash, really requires a hawala-like middleman
               | (often a bank)
               | 
               | reversibility - not true of cash, only true within the
               | context of softer credit systems. You could build a
               | "Venmo backed by Bitcoin" where funds cannot be withdrawn
               | for the reversibility period if you thought there was
               | market demand for it.
               | 
               | ID verification - subject to discretion of counterparty
               | 
               | fraud investigation - Bitcoin is likely much better than
               | USD for this because of it's traceability.
        
             | tony101 wrote:
             | Transfer funds across borders without dealing with multi-
             | business-day bank delays or capital controls in countries
             | like China. Accept donations or other online transactions
             | without relying on Visa/Mastercard.
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | > Accept donations or other online transactions without
               | relying on Visa/Mastercard.
               | 
               | And then you can either try and meet someone in an alley
               | somewhere, or go to a gatekeeper exchange just like
               | Visa/Mastercard to try and convert those transactions
               | back to money that can actually be exchanged for food and
               | shelter!
               | 
               | I mean, let's be serious here. In theory, blockchain
               | could allow us to build a good online payment system --
               | and that is a problem worth solving.
               | 
               | But in practice, Bitcoin in particular is completely
               | awful as an online payment system, and I don't understand
               | how people can reasonably claim otherwise. If the goal of
               | Bitcoin was actually to make online payments easier, we
               | would be using a different coin other than Bitcoin. The
               | community would have moved on to any of the far better
               | alternatives.
               | 
               | The fact that Bitcoin is still the predominant coin
               | proves that the technology and the convenience of online
               | payment processing is not the end goal for most people
               | getting into cryptocurrency.
        
               | cwkoss wrote:
               | Bitcoin is a settlement layer, like ACH, not a payment
               | provider like Venmo
        
               | danShumway wrote:
               | The payment provider layer is the part that ordinary
               | people worry about when they're looking at transaction
               | fees, security, censorship, and privacy.
               | 
               | If Bitcoin isn't a payment provider, then why should I
               | care about it? It's more expensive and slower than ACH
               | is. It's being converted into normal currencies and
               | tracked by the same companies that are making payment
               | providers today. What is it solving?
               | 
               | All of these payment providers that are being built on
               | top of Bitcoin are going to have the same regulations,
               | restrictions, and problems as the payment providers that
               | exist today. If Bitcoin isn't capable of replacing them
               | (and there's every indication that it is not), then it's
               | not going to have a tangible impact on how and where I
               | can spend money online.
        
               | cwkoss wrote:
               | I* think the average person probably shouldn't/wont care
               | about Bitcoin. Bitcoin will become something that only
               | the sort of entities who directly interact with the ACH
               | system are worried about.
               | 
               | If Bitcoin succeeds, I don't think it is likely the
               | average person will ever touch Bitcoin: it is technically
               | complex to handle it securely. However, many of the
               | Venmos and Squares in this future would likely be using
               | Bitcoin to settle flow disparities behind the scenes.
               | 
               | In terms of what it's solving:
               | 
               | - Bitcoin has a much lower barrier to entry. It is very
               | expensive and slow to get direct access to the ACH system
               | (vs having your bank make transactions on your behalf).
               | 
               | - Bitcoin is apolitical. Banking and finance is still
               | very much an old-boys network of after hours handshake
               | deals. Bitcoin lets you swim with the big fish without
               | having to worry about kissing the right asses. Similarly
               | to claimed noble benefits of public markets, Bitcoin has
               | a democratizing effect by not having a mechanism to favor
               | entrenched players.
               | 
               | - Bitcoin is insulated from US monetary policy. This
               | tends to appeal to gold-bug types who believe inflation
               | is being underaccounted and will get worse.
               | 
               | - Bitcoin is permissionlessly auditable. I wish there was
               | more development in this space, but I think bitcoin could
               | be very powerful for non-profits and other organizations
               | which want to be as transparent as possible with their
               | finances. If an organization wanted to prove holdings or
               | transactions, Bitcoin is arguably better than bank-money
               | because Bitcoin txns cannot be forged, while documents
               | being alleged to be coming from a bank could. (Similarly,
               | I think it would be really cool for a bank to make an
               | option for fiat accounts to have their balances and
               | transaction history published publicly online)
               | 
               | * I am certainly not speaking for all Bitcoin advocates
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | Violating Chinese currency controls generally results in
               | spending one's life in a tiny prison cell.
               | 
               | As for bank transfers, at my previous company we had to
               | send hundreds of international payments each year and all
               | of the transfers were finished within minutes of
               | initiation.
               | 
               | And Paypal and other companies have made it possible to
               | donate to charities without a credit card for almost 2
               | decades.
        
               | cwkoss wrote:
               | The housing market (and luxury vehicle market) on the
               | Pacific coast of America would beg to differ
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | The housing market in California is direct proof of the
               | success of China's capital controls. Capital outflow from
               | China to the West Coast dropped over 90% after Xi
               | introduced capital controls.
               | 
               | When I was still in consulting, I had dozens of clients
               | whose projects were killed when their Chinese investors
               | could no longer get their money out of China to invest. A
               | billion building sits unfinished across the street from
               | Staples Center in LA (and has, for 3 years) because the
               | developer can't get its money out of China to finish the
               | building.
               | 
               | Thousands of local buyers are able to buy houses and
               | condos in LA these past 3 years because they don't have
               | to compete with all-cash foreign buyers any longer.
        
               | Igelau wrote:
               | Sounds legit! What are we buying?
        
             | nwah1 wrote:
             | The only answer that makes any sense is that you can do
             | things that are otherwise illegal or banned by major
             | companies.
             | 
             | But the drawbacks are plentiful, even for this sort of use
             | case. And this use case doesn't get easier with a whole
             | bunch of speculation. In fact, it gets harder.
             | 
             | And there's no particular reason for such users to leave it
             | in a volatile form. Rather, they would be rational to cash
             | out once the illegal transaction is over.
             | 
             | So the real value of bitcoin should be the expected float
             | for all the crypto-compatible types of black market
             | transactions. Which I'm quite sure is many orders of
             | magnitude below the current price.
        
               | megameter wrote:
               | It should be noted that should you have the right kinds
               | of connections, bitcoin mining itself lets you launder.
               | The miner is given the dirty money as capital, energy
               | subsidies, etc, then creates clean bitcoin, which appears
               | in some anonymous wallet and is then sold.
               | 
               | So it's not just that the black market has incentive to
               | _use_ it, there 's incentive to _make_ it and even to
               | prefer it over alternatives, because the operation 's
               | excess is a good front.
               | 
               | The actual conclusion I think is most relevant is the
               | nilhilistic one: "None of these tokens really matter!"
               | The actual place of decentralized ledgers is as one of
               | several tools for designing autonomous, non-coercive
               | communities, and when designed as such most of the
               | overhead of proving disappears(e.g. DAG coins).
               | Everything else is an attempt to extract rent into the
               | coercive economy, which in due course will be trivially
               | subverted by forking the chain or starting a new one.
        
             | Jimmc414 wrote:
             | If only you could do that with cars.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Sir! Are you sure of that argument?
             | 
             | Bitcoin is a decentralized protocol for moving value on the
             | internet, that is not useful enough for you sir? Is this
             | hacker news? or lumberjack news?
             | 
             | Besides, Horses >>>> Cars. Horses are more useful than
             | Cars. Cars need roads to work, Horses don't.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Do you even know how much energy automobiles use in the US?
             | it's more than the energy consumption of several nations.
             | Shame on you.
        
           | epx wrote:
           | Two wrongs don't make a right. And there are different levels
           | of being wrong.
        
           | fredfoobar wrote:
           | Now that people are understanding that horses are better, can
           | I turn your attention to concrete?
           | 
           | The manufacture of cement produces about 0.9 pounds of CO2
           | for every pound of cement. Since cement is only a fraction of
           | the constituents in concrete, manufacturing a cubic yard of
           | concrete (about 3900 lbs) is responsible for emitting about
           | 400 lbs of CO2.
           | 
           | We should stop making things out of concrete, it's destroying
           | our climate, Mud huts are more than enough to protect us from
           | the elements. We have so much land in the US, why can't we
           | all spread out instead of building high rises??
           | 
           | Edit: who's downvoting this? look at the replies below,
           | people know this is a real problem.
        
             | i_haz_rabies wrote:
             | Spreading out would use up so much land that we would
             | effectively destroy the biosphere in the process.
        
             | cwkoss wrote:
             | Watched a cool video about the benefits of hempcrete last
             | night. Very neat substance with good mechanical properties
             | and it absorbs CO2 as it cures.
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hempcrete
        
             | glitchc wrote:
             | Concrete is indeed a major polluter, your point stands. The
             | world is already experiencing a severe shortage of
             | concrete, it's that valuable. But it's also very hard to
             | switch to alternatives as concrete has the best compressive
             | strength per unit volume and is very well understood as a
             | building material. Plus, it's hard to build high-density
             | housing out of mud huts (buildings require concrete).
        
             | perfect_kiss wrote:
             | It appears that in Norway they are already concerned, no
             | need to turn attention any more :)
             | 
             | https://ccsnorway.com/
             | 
             | https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/943cb244091d4b2fb3
             | 7...
             | 
             | A solution for full-scale CCS has now matured that
             | facilitates the further development of CCS in both Norway
             | and Europe. The project has encompassed carbon capture from
             | Norcem's cement factory in Brevik and carbon capture from
             | Fortum Oslo Varme's waste incineration facility at
             | Klemetsrud, Oslo. Northern Lights, which is a collaboration
             | between Equinor, Shell and Total, has been responsible for
             | the CO2 transport and storage part of the project. This
             | part of the project comprises ships for transport of liquid
             | CO2, a reception terminal in Oygarden municipality, and
             | pipeline to a well where CO2 will be injected into a
             | storage formation beneath the seabed
             | 
             | edit: formatting
        
           | root_axis wrote:
           | lol, cars have some tradeoffs as compared to horses, but
           | overall they are a vast improvement to the problem of
           | transportation compared to horses. Bitcoin is _generally_
           | worse than what came before, despite being a new and
           | otherwise interesting phenomenon unto itself.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | > Hand waves vaguely
        
           | foepys wrote:
           | Horses literally put shit on the streets. Imagine replacing
           | each car with a horse and think about the amount of poop.
           | 
           | Horses are also dangerous. A friend of mine lost almost all
           | of their teeth because their horse kicked them in the face
           | when they cleaned its hooves.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Get with the times sir:
             | https://www.workinghorsetack.com/catch-it-manure-bag-
             | horse-d...
             | 
             | Horses need to be operated safely, just like cars, you need
             | to learn how to ride them. Besides, if you can't ride a
             | horse, sit in the carriage.
        
             | tjr225 wrote:
             | I'm not sure if you're kidding or not but cars are way way
             | more dangerous than horses.
             | 
             | Over a million people die every year in automobile related
             | accidents.
        
             | Taek wrote:
             | The financial system literally gives you no guarantees
             | about the supply. We just inflated the USD by trillions of
             | dollars. USD cash is the number one asset used in criminal
             | finance (from slavery to drugs to terrorism).
        
             | iNerdier wrote:
             | And cars shit into the air we breathe. It's not visible in
             | the same way a pile of dung is but if anything that makes
             | it more dangerous.
        
               | janee wrote:
               | Ironically...
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_horse_manure_crisis
               | _of...
               | 
               | Not saying cars are great, but it was seen as the
               | solution to exactly this problem
        
           | Held_der_Arbeit wrote:
           | Horsecrap everywhere!
           | 
           | We tried that, we switched to automobiles.
        
             | pshc wrote:
             | Who knows, deep learning AI has progressed to be just about
             | smart enough to make autonomous poop-picking-up robots
             | feasible--maybe it's a sign
        
           | bennysonething wrote:
           | O know this a joke, but the other problem with horses is
           | fuel: endless fields for hay. So wilderness destruction.
        
             | omginternets wrote:
             | Imagine we focused on lab-grown hay instead of lab-grown
             | meat...
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | ant6n wrote:
             | I think the bigger problem is poop
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | Sir, get with the times:
               | https://www.workinghorsetack.com/catch-it-manure-bag-
               | horse-d...
               | 
               | You can use horse manure to grow the food for the horses.
               | It's a total ecosystem. What can you do with the
               | pollution cars create?? can you capture it in a bag??
               | THINK for a second!
        
           | glitchc wrote:
           | As much as it's funny, this is a false analogy. Horses don't
           | travel as fast as cars, or as far. They also can't pull/carry
           | as much as a car, let alone a truck. How many horses are
           | needed to carry the same load as one 18 wheeler?
           | 
           | Would Amazon be possible without trucks? How about Walmart?
        
             | trott wrote:
             | > Would Amazon be possible without trucks? How about
             | Walmart?
             | 
             | Not Walmart, but Amazon makes even more sense in a horse-
             | driven economy: First, you don't have to ride to the store
             | and back -- mailing a small item is much cheaper than that.
             | Second, with the price of shipping per mile per pound being
             | higher, there would be more of an incentive to ship items
             | directly from the manufacturer to the consumer. Mail-order
             | catalogs existed before the age of cars.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Nice, I just want you to keep going in that line of thought
             | and be consistent everywhere. Fingers crossed.
        
               | glitchc wrote:
               | I think I know where you want to go with this, but I'm
               | not falling for it. Bitcoin is not progress towards the
               | future, but a regression to the past. Pegging our economy
               | to a finite (potentially volatile) asset has led to boom-
               | bust cycles in the past, whether it is physical like gold
               | or digital like Bitcoin.
               | 
               | People crave financial stability. Bitcoin will not give
               | it to them. I'm not averse to the idea of a distributed
               | ledger acting as an underlying settlement mechanism for
               | global finance, but Bitcoin does not achieve that goal
               | either as it's zero sum (whereas economies are actually
               | growing).
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | root_axis wrote:
             | Horses are also living creatures capable of feeling pain,
             | fear, fatigue and can also be stubborn or aggressive.
             | Horses also need to be sexed, reared, trained, fed and
             | cared for, you can't simply build more horses on demand or
             | scrap and recycle their parts. It's a silly analogy all
             | around.
        
           | newsbinator wrote:
           | I agree that cars are a horrible solution to the problem of
           | transporting people and goods.
           | 
           | It's only by virtue of history and our willingness to accept
           | massive loss of life and limb every year that cars, driven at
           | 100 kph by sleepy, angry, elderly or distracted people, are
           | still a thing.
           | 
           | Not to mention the massive loss of life and limb from climate
           | change spurred by cars.
           | 
           | You're making a solid point.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Finally, I'm being recognized for my wisdom. Thank you for
             | your kind words.
        
               | omginternets wrote:
               | I second this. I was poised to dismiss your comment as
               | facetiousness, and then suddenly realized that you are
               | exactly correct. Why indeed should we prefer cars over
               | horses for _most_ (but of course not all) applications?
               | 
               | Aren't we as technologists always preaching the benefits
               | of technological conservatism, minimalism and simplicity?
               | 
               | Our environment has obviously changed in such a way that
               | it's now difficult to re-introduce equine transportation
               | on a mass scale (where would you park them in a city
               | designed for automobiles?), but we need to think long and
               | hard about the world view that led us to conclude cars
               | were universally superior to horses. I suspect the
               | argument comes down to "productivity", and the axiomatic
               | belief that it should be maximized in all circumstances.
               | 
               | I think your comment actually _is_ wise.
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | One argument is that horses are living creatures. Farming
               | them as labor slaves to meet the needs of industry is
               | cruel and would likely have comparable environmental
               | impact to factory farming meat.
        
               | zachkatz wrote:
               | E-bikes are the new horses.
        
               | perfect_kiss wrote:
               | In Europe, there are not much cities that were designed
               | for automobiles. Most down town designs predate
               | automobiles by several centuries. That is why traffic
               | congestion, and related externalities, are very
               | significant problem for Europe, much more than for US.
               | During several last years, there had emerged a movement
               | when large cities introduce anti-car rules, effectively
               | banning traffic in the most affected areas.
               | 
               | Some recent reporting on it from NatGeo:
               | 
               | https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/2021/02/six-
               | euro...
        
               | omginternets wrote:
               | I am European as well :)
               | 
               | My point was that they have _become_ adapted to a point
               | where it is very difficult to re-adapt them to horses.
        
               | hisham_hm wrote:
               | fredfoobar _was_ being facetious. By his comments such as
               | [1] and [2] it's clear that he's trying to attack other
               | things in the world that happen to be both useful and
               | pollutant, and induce a parallel between them and bitcoin
               | -- his implicit argument being that bitcoin supposedly a
               | net-positive beneficial thing in spite of the pollution
               | it causes. Whenever someone counters that assumption, the
               | mask falls off and he's back on the attack [3].
               | 
               | That does not invalidate the point that cars _are_ highly
               | pollutant and shouldn't be the primary means of
               | transportation in any sustainable society.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26319996 [2]
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26319974 [3]
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26319558
        
               | omginternets wrote:
               | Yes, and I was about to dismiss the comment until I
               | realized there was some depth to it _despite_ the
               | facetiousness.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | Indeed! you sound like eminent scholar in the area of
               | "usefulness of things", clearly your opinions are free of
               | bias. I tip my hat to you, you have unmasked me! I feel
               | naked.
               | 
               | In all seriousness though, we should at least move to
               | electric cars.
               | 
               | If that is acceptable we already have electric money
               | (bitcoin), it'll fix most of our pollution problems. We
               | don't have to worry about how much oil is being consumed
               | to secure the petrodollar network. I've been waiting for
               | a better argument against bitcoin for a long time, I
               | haven't heard any yet.
               | 
               | Most people who criticize bitcoin don't even understand
               | it fully. My belief is that as people look deeper into
               | it, they will be convinced by themselves. It has been
               | generally true among my friends, including myself. I have
               | gone through those phases of criticism (energy usage,
               | funds terror, governments will ban it, it will be hacked,
               | quantum computers will destroy it). As a software
               | engineer, I think the system is beautiful, if you are one
               | by profession (or not), I implore you to study it.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | What I desperately would like to understand is that why
               | are there so many attacks on bitcoin based on flimsy
               | opinions and incorrect information?
        
               | divbzero wrote:
               | Yes indeed. I've seen HN comments that pretend to be
               | serious until the end when you realize it was parody.
               | This comment accomplished the reverse.
        
             | smolder wrote:
             | I think building life _around_ cars is the dark turn that
             | could have been avoided. At the time, I doubt anyone saw
             | burning too much oil from the ground or giving the poor
             | jobs to toil at as an evil thing, it just made them richer.
             | In retrospect, manipulating people into wasteful lifestyles
             | for personal gain might be _the invention_ that ends us.
        
           | ssss11 wrote:
           | I love this!
        
           | jsight wrote:
           | One of the motivating factors behind late 19th century
           | horseless carriages was the reduction in pollution.
           | 
           | It isn't at all accurate to say that horses don't pollute. In
           | some respects their pollution is worse.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Sir, are you telling us that instead of dealing with that
             | small problem of pollution
             | (https://www.workinghorsetack.com/catch-it-manure-bag-
             | horse-d...), we created a whole new system for transport
             | that requires you to build infrastructure from the ground
             | up just to use them? I wonder why.
        
             | epx wrote:
             | My SUV pollutes less than a dog, simply because I run it
             | once a week or less. The dog, as a horse, must breathe, eat
             | and poop 24x7. Animals generate CO2 too. And methane.
             | 
             | To be short, saying that Bitcoin has the right of polluting
             | while doing nothing useful in return because there are
             | cars, is wrong.
        
           | hannasanarion wrote:
           | This is accidentally a good analogy.
           | 
           | Because yes, cars have made the world materially worse, not
           | because horses are better, but because dense urban
           | development, public transit, walking, and cycling is better.
           | 
           | Cars are enormously wasteful, much like bitcoin is, not only
           | because it uses way more energy than is necessary for the
           | task it is performing (~90% of the energy used by cars is
           | spent to move the car, not the cargo or people), but also
           | because it takes up space that could be used for more useful
           | things: the average American city has 8 parking spaces per
           | car, that means that each car on the road represents an
           | entire ~1600sqft house that can't be built because a car
           | needs places to park.
        
             | marshmallow_12 wrote:
             | technically almost everything beyond food and medicine is
             | wasteful. BUT cars improve the quality of my life (i like
             | to drive). bitcoins floating through the cybersphere do
             | not. end of story.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | "accidentally"
             | 
             | Do you always feel superior to other people? or is it just
             | today?
        
               | californical wrote:
               | I think it was "accidentally" because your earlier post
               | came off as sarcastic.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | So, you're telling me all the progress we've made so far
               | has been wasteful and damaging to the environment? I
               | agree.
               | 
               | Look at the ecological damage humans have caused! Several
               | other animals extinct because of us, we've taken over
               | their space on earth too. Our greed has caused this.
               | 
               | We must boycott all new things until nature heals.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Accidentally because opposition to bitcoin, like
               | opposition to cars, isn't luddite rustic anti-
               | industrialism, it's common sense advocacy for equally
               | modern but different solutions to the problem.
               | 
               | Bitcoin doesn't do anything that electronic banking can't
               | do better, and it causes a lot of harm in wasted energy
               | and space.
               | 
               | Cars don't do anything that busses, trains, and bicycles
               | can't do better, and they cause a lot of harm in wasted
               | energy and space.
        
               | SamPatt wrote:
               | Bitcoin exists because electronic banking requires trust
               | in centralized financial institutions.
               | 
               | When you see the entire stock market move because the Fed
               | chairperson makes an offhand comment about when they'll
               | start or stop doing xyz policy, you realize having such a
               | highly centralized system is dangerous.
        
               | notahacker wrote:
               | > When you see the entire stock market move because the
               | Fed chairperson makes an offhand comment about when
               | they'll start or stop doing xyz policy, you realize
               | having such a highly centralized system is dangerous.
               | 
               | Then you see that Bitcoin moves more when Elon tweets...
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Dude... the stock market is not the same thing as the
               | banking system.
               | 
               | How your investment porfolio reacts to a change in
               | monetary policy has nothing whatsoever to do with the
               | utility of your checking account.
               | 
               | Trust in centralized financial institutions is not a
               | problem. In fact it's is the opposite of a problem, it's
               | an enormous benefit. Centralized financial institutions
               | with government backing ensure the availability and
               | safety of deposited funds.
               | 
               | Nobody has ever had their bank account drained in the US
               | since the introduction of FDIC in 1933. In the last 10
               | years alone, over a billion dollars in bitcoin has been
               | stolen out of people's wallets by hacked exchanges and
               | smart contract exploits, money that can never be returned
               | because blockchain is irreversible by design. Does that
               | really sound trustworthy to you?
        
               | jyrkesh wrote:
               | You're right in that the stock market and the banking
               | system are not the same thing, but I'd argue that they're
               | intrinsically linked.
               | 
               | I move USD from my checking account into my investment
               | accounts in order to buy equities, and I do that more
               | when the Federal Reserve is pumping more liquidity into
               | the market via low interest rates. There are many folks
               | out there using e.g. TSLA as an inflation hedge (which is
               | why it has a P/E > 1000) because they know that USDs will
               | decline in value as liquidity keeps getting pumped.
               | 
               | If we're all using a decentralized currency like Bitcoin
               | with a fixed inflation rate, you're going to see a lot
               | more sanity and price stability in the equities markets.
        
               | npongratz wrote:
               | > Nobody has ever had their bank account drained in the
               | US since the introduction of FDIC in 1933.
               | 
               | Plenty of people have had their bank accounts drained
               | when they fell victim to "identification theft." That is
               | quite a crafty euphemism -- banks fail to create secure
               | systems, attackers steal funds from victims' bank
               | accounts, and instead of owning up to their failure,
               | banks blame the victims of the thefts by saying the
               | victims' "identities" were "stolen."
               | 
               | I'll give the banks some credit, however: they'll prop up
               | a seemingly empathetic customer service representative
               | who will repeatedly say how "sorry" they are on behalf of
               | their employer. If the victim is persistent enough, the
               | customer service rep will eventually promise to initiate
               | a lengthy investigation, after which the bank will
               | perhaps reinstate the funds that were stolen from their
               | system. Do they fix their broken, insecure system? Of
               | course not. But at least the victim isn't clogging the
               | customer service lines any more.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Identity theft is reversible. It has happened to me,
               | somebody got a hold of my checking account details and
               | drained the account of about $10,000. I called the bank,
               | they reversed the transaction and gave me all my funds
               | back right away, and it was over, just like that, no
               | questions asked.
               | 
               | What happens if your bitcoin details get stolen, hm? What
               | happens when somebody drains your bitcoin wallet? Who can
               | you complain to to get your cryptographically secure
               | irrevocably transferred money back?
        
               | npongratz wrote:
               | That's simply the risk a person takes by having a bitcoin
               | wallet. Seems (at least right now) there are plenty of
               | people who want the benefit of a permissionless value
               | transfer system and are willing to shoulder that risk.
               | Hopefully they secure their magical numbers / private
               | keys better than the banks do, because yes, obviously,
               | there is no Central Bitcoin Governor acting as the
               | Reinstater of Last Resort.
               | 
               | Some people are fine with that risk. Others are not. It's
               | totally cool. More than one value transfer system can
               | coexist in the world.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | What do you mean "better than the banks do"? For one,
               | banks don't have single-point-of-failure account access
               | like blockchain does, and for another, the risks of banks
               | are much lower because credit card and ACH transactions
               | are easily reversible.
               | 
               | These are all reasons that banks are _more_ trustworthy
               | and _more_ secure than blockchain, which sees tens of
               | millions of dollars of irreversible theft annually.
        
               | yurielt wrote:
               | >Implying electronic banking can do anything about
               | inflation Don't be so dishonest
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Inflation is not a problem so long as you invest your
               | money as soon as you receive it and your wages keep pace
               | with inflation (and they do). In that case the 2% per
               | annum inflation rate only hurts you from the day you get
               | your pay check to the day you invest it productively or
               | spend it on necessities. In fact if you purchase your
               | necessities on a credit card the 0% APR until your bill
               | comes due makes inflation work for you.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Want a deflationary monetary policy? Vote for it.
               | Technology isn't going to solve the problem for you.
               | 
               | Also, deflationary monetary policy is insane and nobody
               | should want it. Economies grow from continuous re-
               | investment and commerce, not from people stashing away
               | their money and watching its value increase for no
               | reason.
               | 
               | edit: also, the fact that bitcoin is deflationary is
               | entirely incidental, that was just Nakamoto's choice. It
               | would have been just as easy to make bitcoin highly
               | inflationary. The only thing that blockchain guarantees
               | is that monetary policy can't ever change, which is also
               | a thing that no sane person would ever want, there are
               | lots of good reasons to modify the rate of
               | inflation/deflation.
        
               | baxtr wrote:
               | I liked your first comment. This one: not so much. It's
               | not HN like.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | Downvote away! HN apparently is ok with
               | condescending/patronizing replies. But if I call them
               | out, downvotes!
               | 
               | Besides, I don't care about these fake points. You can
               | keep them.
        
             | kenniskrag wrote:
             | What happens if you have the same amount of horses like
             | cars? Aren't they wasteful and need a lot of space and at
             | night a heated parking spot? :)
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Yes, which is why I didn't say anything about horses.
               | 
               | Opposition to cars, like opposition to bitcoin, isn't
               | rustic ludditism. There are modern solutions to
               | transportation that are superior to cars, like rail,
               | frequent busses, and bike infrastructure, but lose out in
               | funding and hype because they're not prestigious and
               | utopian like cars are.
               | 
               | Likewise, Bitcoin does not solve any problem that any
               | other transaction network technology can't solve, but it
               | gets all the attention because it's flashy and new and
               | utopian.
               | 
               | And if you think cars aren't utopian, tell me the last
               | time you've seen an automobile ad that showed somebody
               | being stuck in gridlocked traffic in the lincoln tunnel
               | inhaling gas fumes for over half an hour. I will contend
               | that there does not exist a single automobile
               | advertisement that shows the average car owner's typical
               | experience of driving, certainly never in an urban
               | setting.
        
               | hossbeast wrote:
               | The real problem you're going to run into with this
               | argument is that people like cars, like to drive them,
               | and want to own them.
        
               | SCUSKU wrote:
               | That may be the case for some car fanatics, but by and
               | large the average person simply wants easy and flexible
               | transportation. If public transportation were better,
               | lots of people would opt to take the local train/bus/ride
               | share because it would be a fraction of the cost, with
               | ideally only slightly more friction as a passenger.
        
               | chordalkeyboard wrote:
               | > There are modern solutions to transportation that are
               | superior to cars, like rail, frequent busses, and bike
               | infrastructure,
               | 
               | Bicycles are nice but have lower capacity for cargo and
               | passengers; mass transit is less flexible. So they aren't
               | strictly superior.
               | 
               | > Bitcoin does not solve any problem that any other
               | transaction network technology can't solve,
               | 
               | How else do you propose to have a distributed ledger that
               | is resistant to inflation?
        
               | heterodoxxed wrote:
               | | _How else do you propose to have a distributed ledger
               | that is resistant to inflation?_
               | 
               | A deflationary distributed ledger has yet to prove itself
               | as having any kind of real utility in the first place.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | >Bicycles are nice but have lower capacity for cargo and
               | passengers
               | 
               | My e-cargo bike with a trailer can hold more stuff than
               | my sedan ever could. Did an Ikea trip with it last year,
               | carried home a filing cabinet, a desk frame, and a small
               | table.
               | 
               | > mass transit is less flexible
               | 
               |  _frequent_ mass transit is plenty flexible. If a bus
               | comes by your stop every 5 minutes, you never need to
               | worry about planning.
               | 
               | > distributed
               | 
               | multi-node database. Done.
               | 
               | > resistant to inflation
               | 
               | Not something that sane people should want. Economies
               | grow from commerce and reinvestment, not people jealously
               | hogging every dollar they can find so that they can stash
               | it under a bed to be used at higher value later.
        
               | troycarlson wrote:
               | Move from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake?
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | *proof of waste.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > Bicycles are nice but have lower capacity for cargo and
               | passengers; mass transit is less flexible. So they aren't
               | strictly superior.
               | 
               | Mass transit in much of the world is perfectly
               | acceptable. You build cities around transit, walking and
               | biking instead of giant chasms between buildings. This is
               | not a problem that exists in Europe.
               | 
               | You don't have to get rid of all cars, just most of them.
               | And the best way to start is by getting rid of free
               | parking, which is a regressive tax on the poor.
               | 
               | > How else do you propose to have a distributed ledger
               | that is resistant to inflation?
               | 
               | That's not a real problem. You solve it by ignoring it
               | and getting back to things that _actually_ matter.
               | 
               | Again inflation is easy: once you obtain money, purchase
               | assets. So long as wages keep pace with inflation, which
               | they do, this is not an issue. In fact if you purchase
               | your necessities on a credit card the 0% APR until your
               | bill comes due makes inflation work for you.
        
               | kenniskrag wrote:
               | >> How else do you propose to have a distributed ledger
               | that is resistant to inflation?
               | 
               | > That's not a real problem. You solve it by ignoring it
               | and getting back to things that actually matter.
               | 
               | The distributed ledger isn't even secure. Just look where
               | the cheap electricity is, create a network partition and
               | all the other transaction will vanish after the network
               | partition doesn't exist anymore.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Bitcoin isn't exactly running rampant in North Korea heh
        
               | jyrkesh wrote:
               | But do you think we ever could have gotten to electric
               | cars if we hadn't used gas-powered cars as a stepping
               | stone? I'd probably agree with you if you were to say
               | that it's taken too long, but I'd argue that the crappy
               | fuel-burning stuff is a necessary milestone on the
               | transition to something better.
               | 
               | I see Bitcoin as the Model T of new currency models.
               | Decentralization is the future of currency and contracts,
               | even if Bitcoin itself is wasteful and inefficient as a
               | v1 product.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | The fact that cars burn gas is one of the least harmful
               | parts of them. Electric cars are just as bad as any other
               | car.
               | 
               | The real harm of cars is in how they forced cities to
               | spread out, putting miles of asphalty moonscape between
               | every destination, forcing people to spend thousands of
               | dollars a year on vehicles that they shouldn't need,
               | driving greenfill development that doesn't raise enough
               | revenue to support itself, forcing cities to develop ever
               | more automobile suburbs for the immediate revenue to
               | fulfil their maintenance obligations on the old ones,
               | going into massive debt to keep up appearances on what is
               | effectively a ponzi scheme, not to mention the human cost
               | of traffic violence.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | Decentralization is not an advantage for currency and
               | contracts. The problems that decentralization "solves"
               | were never problems in the first place.
               | 
               | Nobody was asking for a new way to store their money that
               | doesn't have any identity verification besides a single
               | digital key, which doesn't have the ability to dispute or
               | undo transactions, and which takes multiple minutes to
               | clear transactions.
               | 
               | To quote Kai Stinchcombe
               | 
               | > There is no single person in existence who had a
               | problem they wanted to solve, discovered that an
               | available blockchain solution was the best way to solve
               | that problem, and therefore became a blockchain
               | enthusiast. ...
               | 
               | > Nobody went out and did a survey about whether most
               | credit card users would be willing to give up their
               | frequent flyer miles in return for also losing the
               | ability to dispute a transaction.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | > But do you think we ever could have gotten to electric
               | cars if we hadn't used gas-powered cars as a stepping
               | stone?
               | 
               | That's probably not a good example, considering that
               | electric cars predate gas powered cars. By the start of
               | the 20th century, 40% of the cars in the US were steam
               | powered, 38% electric, and 22% gasoline.
        
               | hisham_hm wrote:
               | The whole "horses vs. cars" argument is based on a false
               | dichotomy: the are not only these two options for
               | transportation.
        
           | FlyingSnake wrote:
           | I almost typed a snarky remark, but then realized that you
           | make a valid point with that analogy. However the analogy
           | feels a little weak to me:
           | 
           | > _We even had to go to war to make sure we have enough oil_
           | 
           | I don't see countries going to war over BTC (or the mining
           | pool) as they already have cornered all the fiat currencies
           | in a tight system. All they could do is sabotage the BTC
           | system and make it less lucrative for normal public.
        
             | glitchc wrote:
             | Yet! Taking over mining power or electricity resources
             | could certainly propel wars of the future if Bitcoin
             | becomes the reserve currency of the world.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | I'm sensing a small nuance missed here, I'll clarify pro-
               | actively: Adding more energy to your mining operation
               | won't result in more bitcoin for you, you will only make
               | the network more secure. Mining bitcoin is mostly about
               | securing the bitcoin network and there is a small reward
               | for doing so.
        
               | glitchc wrote:
               | ~600K USD per block is not "small" :). Mining power is
               | directly correlated to cost of electricity. Most mining
               | is located in electricity-rich districts for good reason.
               | It's the only cost-effective way to sustain the network.
               | Those regions are scarce across the globe, ergo in high
               | demand.
        
             | lowkey wrote:
             | > I don't see countries going to war over BTC (or the
             | mining pool) as they already have cornered all the fiat
             | currencies in a tight system.
             | 
             | I think that's the point here. Unlike BTC which is powered
             | by Proof of Work (POW), the US Dollar is powered by Proof
             | of Violence (POV). As a result the full accounting for the
             | externalities caused by US dollars would have to include
             | the cost of supporting and using the largest military
             | industrial complex in the history of the world to protect
             | the market for oil being denominated in US Dollars
             | (petrodollars).
        
               | smolder wrote:
               | Fiat is not powered by "proof of violence" because
               | violence is not needed for it to function. It is
               | maintained by social contract and the _threat_ of
               | violence, because otherwise it could only depend on
               | trust, and trust is very expensive, as Bitcoin proves.
        
           | anthropodie wrote:
           | I have been trying to convince this in comments here but you
           | did a damn good job with the analogy and now I am gonna use
           | it every time this comes up. Thank you.
        
           | Igelau wrote:
           | Now that you mention it, if my car was a living creature, I'd
           | probably give a damn about taking care of it...
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Exactly! Horses are very lovable creatures, they will take
             | care of you back if you take care of them.
        
           | smolder wrote:
           | This would be a great analogy if Bitcoin were useful and not
           | just a poor substitute for trust.
        
           | perfect_kiss wrote:
           | I got the feeling this post is a bit sarcastic, because it
           | references horses, as opposed to automobiles.
           | 
           | If you just replace "horses" with "mass public transit",
           | "railroads" and "electrobikes", it suddenly starts to make
           | much more sense.
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Horses will work on YOUR schedule, and it's socially
             | distanced during COVID.
        
               | alliao wrote:
               | with Animals being protected in my corner of the world,
               | the way I'm neglecting my daily beater might land me in
               | jail if it were a horse.......
        
               | smolder wrote:
               | Improperly maintained cars make me almost as sad as
               | improperly maintained horses. We destroy billions of
               | dollars worth of cars each year collectively because of
               | people not affording/otherwise failing to do maintenance.
               | On the flip side, thoroughly maintaining them would tend
               | to result in a glut of older, less efficient cars, so
               | it's not a cut and dry issue.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | Just wear a mask while you ride your horse, feed and
               | brush them daily, you'll also feel better for doing so.
        
               | perfect_kiss wrote:
               | Same with electrobikes. Also electrobike can use multiple
               | horse powers, instead of just one.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | Will an electrobike take you home when you are blind
               | drunk? What do we do when you run out of charge on your
               | electrobike? what happens when there is a blackout? I
               | don't think you've thought through all the problems
               | properly.
        
               | lordnacho wrote:
               | > Will an electrobike take you home when you are blind
               | drunk?
               | 
               | Is this really the USP of horses? Do they even do this?
        
               | BoorishBears wrote:
               | I live in NYC, in 50 story apartment building next to
               | several other similarly sized high rises.
               | 
               | Our cars need about 75 sq. ft each (they're on stacked up
               | 3 levels high in the garage)
               | 
               | How many sq. ft. would we need for all of our horses? How
               | many people would be needed to take care of them full
               | time?
               | 
               | Actually yeah... outside of cities who'd be taking care
               | of these horses? Because cars need mechanics when
               | something goes wrong obviously, but likewise horses need
               | vets.
               | 
               | The day-to-day stuff like refueling a car is dead easy,
               | meanwhile you can't just ignore your horse in the stable
               | for a week because you didn't feel like going anywhere
               | then fill it up on the way to your destination...
               | 
               | Edit response because I'm rate limited:
               | 
               | It seems you're not joking with the tone you're taking. I
               | feel bad for you.
               | 
               | Our world would be much better off if we all lived in
               | cities like NYC. _Ten years ago_ average New Yorker
               | generated 30% less CO2 than the average, and greenhouse
               | emissions from the city were trending downward as
               | economic activity trended upwards.
               | 
               | But yeah, I guess you're just enlightened past living
               | near other people and shame on anyone who's comfortable
               | enough with human contact to live in a city.
               | 
               | For all your posturing it's ironic you'd balk at "living
               | in a crowded place"... the 30% in CO2 we'd save by living
               | in cities like NYC is _more_ than if we got rid of _all
               | forms of transportation in the US_. Meaning simply by
               | living in a city I don 't really need to play ridiculous
               | mental gymnastics like, but it's fun to tear down a bad
               | argument.
               | 
               | -
               | 
               | You're privileged enough to have an existence where
               | taking care of a horse is easy and "therapeutic" I'm sure
               | all the people barely making ends meet working 2 jobs
               | would have just as easy a time filling up their car in 5
               | minutes as taking care of a horse.
               | 
               | I wonder what percentage of Americans have and additional
               | 2 to 4 hours every single day just burning a hole in
               | their pockets
               | 
               | And let's not forget the fact a car requires operating
               | two pedals and a wheel. We can even modify them to
               | require less for people who are physically impaired.
               | 
               | Good luck with _taking care of an actual horse_ with a
               | physical impairment. I 'm sure you'll just say it's good
               | exercise though, and woe onto you if you're someone with
               | something like limited mobility trying to muck a horse
               | stall.
               | 
               | It's always funny how the people who lived in the most
               | privileged little bubbles seem to think those big city
               | sheeple just don't get it
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | So, you're telling me you want less responsibility and
               | want to live in a crowded place. I feel bad for you.
               | 
               | Taking care of a horse is easy, it's therapeutic even.
               | Besides, if you don't want to own a horse, you can always
               | hitch a ride from a friendly neighborhood horse-carriage
               | operator.
        
               | heterodoxxed wrote:
               | | _you want less responsibility and want to live in a
               | crowded place. I feel bad for you._
               | 
               | You are not the rugged individualist yeoman you imagine
               | yourself to be.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | I don't live in a crowded city, I own horses (for real).
               | I have a mini farm at home that grows some micro-greens
               | and veggies, I'm also trying my hand at aquaponics, I
               | have a solar powered home. What more do you want??
        
               | heterodoxxed wrote:
               | _they wrote, on the internet using a computer in a
               | discussion about cryptocurrency._
        
               | kenniskrag wrote:
               | lol. still a bike :D
        
               | cyberlurker wrote:
               | An electro bike doesn't require someone to pick up all
               | the crap and won't throw you when it hears a loud bang. I
               | don't think you've thought through the problems with
               | horse transportation properly.
        
           | claudiulodro wrote:
           | You're being sarcastic, but honestly you've converted me. :)
        
             | nwah1 wrote:
             | Same.
        
               | fredfoobar wrote:
               | Horses are
        
             | fredfoobar wrote:
             | Finally, I'm being recognized for my wisdom. Welcome to the
             | horse club.
        
         | silasdavis wrote:
         | The idea you could be downvoted on hacker news for being anti-
         | crypto is a novel one
        
           | jakupovic wrote:
           | I do remember when Linux was the useless technology and
           | didn't have any use case, we already had all the OSes we
           | needed. This wasn't the story on this forum, but it was
           | popular. Same thing here.
        
       | knodi wrote:
       | Bitcoin has turned in a joke.
        
         | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
         | When, if ever, was it serious?
        
         | moralsupply wrote:
         | I'm certainly laughing with how much purchase power Bitcoin
         | provided me so far.
         | 
         | I'll be laughing at your comment in 5 years time once a single
         | Bitcoin will be valued above $1M USD while your fiat currency
         | savings will have lost at least 50% of its current purchase
         | power.
         | 
         | Screenshot this.
        
           | blobster wrote:
           | You're predicting >12% yearly inflation? That seems like a
           | pretty bold prediction. I'm curious if you have any sources
           | that would back your prediction.
        
             | moralsupply wrote:
             | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M2SL
        
         | joshsyn wrote:
         | A 1.5 trillion dollar joke. Thanks to the Fed who pumped
         | trillions of dollars back in 2008
        
       | ypeterholmes wrote:
       | Time is money.. proceeds to write a 3hr read
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | anthropodie wrote:
       | That was an excellent read!
       | 
       | Every time I read about Bitcoin here, I see the "Energy"
       | arguments. Bitcoin was designed to solve a specific problem and
       | it solves that. Even Satoshi himself would not have foreseen the
       | energy requirements for PoW.
       | 
       | If we had argued about energy requirements in late 60s we would
       | have never reached Moon or built the LHC. Technological
       | advancements will always need energy. We should be discussing
       | about how to efficiently harness that big fiery ball in space
       | instead of shutting down technological advancements.
        
         | zepto wrote:
         | > If we had argued about energy requirements in late 60s we
         | would have never reached Moon or built the LHC.
         | 
         | This is not even close to true.
         | 
         | The energy requirements for the Saturn program and for the LHC
         | were calculated and understood in precise detail, and did not
         | depend on any assumption that there would be new energy sources
         | in the future.
        
           | anthropodie wrote:
           | The study that raised concerns regarding Bitcoin's energy
           | usage also suggests the amount of electricity consumed every
           | year by always-on but inactive home devices in the US alone
           | could power the entire Bitcoin network for a year[1].
           | 
           | I am not trying to undermine Bitcoin's energy problem. We
           | need more discussion and awareness on this than just labeling
           | "Bitcoin bad" because it consumes more energy.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-56012952
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Two wrongs don't make a right.
             | 
             | No amount of whataboutisms will offset the fact that
             | Bitcoin's energy usage is additive on top of everything
             | else. We don't get to choose between vampire device energy
             | use or Bitcoin. We have to deal with both.
             | 
             | The very nature of Bitcoin incentivizes ever-increasing
             | competition to spend more energy on mining. As long as the
             | price continues to rise (as Bitcoin proponents hope) then
             | the incentive to mine continues to rise.
             | 
             | Meanwhile, improving energy standards and improving power
             | conversion technology continue to push energy consumption
             | of vampire consumer devices down.
        
               | anthropodie wrote:
               | I see now how my comment can be labelled as whataboutism.
               | But I am trying to point out how "Bitcoin is Bad" is the
               | agenda here.
               | 
               | Can the energy problem be solved? I had like a discussion
               | on that rather than "It's bad" arguments.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > Can the energy problem be solved? I had like a
               | discussion on that rather than "It's bad" arguments.
               | 
               | That's not what it looked like when you made your comment
               | about the LHC and the moon missions. Your position then
               | was that we should not be arguing about the energy usage.
               | 
               | > If we _had argued about energy requirements_ in late
               | 60s we would have never reached Moon or built the LHC.
               | 
               | Now you are saying you would like such a discussion. This
               | is a complete change in your position.
        
               | anthropodie wrote:
               | Well you guys did a nice job in changing my position! But
               | if you are saying I should not change my position based
               | on discussion that goes no here then I have no idea what
               | to say to you. The whole point of discussion is to point
               | out flawed thinking of others.
               | 
               | Are we expecting people not to change their position and
               | make them feel guilty if they did? No wonder communities
               | are more polarized than ever.
               | 
               | Edit: Besides if you read my original comment it already
               | says
               | 
               | >We should be discussing about how to efficiently harness
               | that big fiery ball in space instead of shutting down
               | technological advancements.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | > Are we expecting people not to change their position
               | and make them feel guilty if they did?
               | 
               | Nobody is trying to make you feel guilty.
               | 
               | However, having earlier attempted to shut down the kind
               | of discussion you now say you want, it's not surprising
               | people aren't available to have that discussion with you
               | now.
               | 
               | > No wonder communities are more polarized than ever.
               | 
               | I don't see this as encouraging people to discuss solving
               | the Bitcoin energy problem.
               | 
               | > We should be discussing about how to efficiently
               | harness that big fiery ball in space instead of shutting
               | down technological advancements.
               | 
               | Here it seems like you are making another attempt to
               | close discussion of Bitcoin's energy problem by saying we
               | should be discussing solar energy instead.
               | 
               | This is probably part of why you got accused of
               | whataboutism.
        
               | anthropodie wrote:
               | > However, having earlier attempted to shut down the kind
               | of discussion you now say you want,
               | 
               | I am encouraging since beginning to have discussion other
               | than "Bitcoin is bad because of its energy". I suggested
               | Solar you could have come up with some thing else. But I
               | don't see any suggestion from your end.
               | 
               | > It's not surprising you aren't getting it.
               | 
               | Projecting on me maybe?
               | 
               | > I don't see this as encouraging people to discuss
               | solving the Bitcoin energy problem.
               | 
               | I am just pointing out that it's the behavior like yours
               | that encourages polarization. I don't see how that
               | prevents people from discussing?
               | 
               | > This is probably part of why you got accused of
               | whataboutism.
               | 
               | You don't read the full comments, do you? I actually
               | thought you were making some sense when you pointed out
               | the flaw in my argument in your first comment but now I
               | think you just want to troll.
        
               | anthropodie wrote:
               | @zepto I do agree with the last section of your child
               | comment to this thread. I can't reply to it. I had no
               | idea that there is limit to hierarchy of comments in HN.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | There isn't - but I think there is a delay in the comment
               | box appearing at certain times.
               | 
               | Try clicking on the time/age of my comment, you will
               | probably get a reply box.
        
               | zepto wrote:
               | >> It's not surprising you aren't getting it.
               | 
               | > Projecting on me maybe?
               | 
               | By 'it' I mean the discussion you say you want.
               | 
               | >> I don't see this as encouraging people to discuss
               | solving the Bitcoin energy problem.
               | 
               | > I am just pointing out that it's the behavior like
               | yours that encourages polarization.
               | 
               | Is it?
               | 
               | > I don't see how that prevents people from discussing?
               | 
               | It doesn't but when you accuse people of causing
               | polarization, you discourage them from wanting to do so
               | _with you_.
               | 
               | > This is probably part of why you got accused of
               | whataboutism.
               | 
               | > You don't read the full comments, do you?
               | 
               | You don't explain why you think this.
               | 
               | > I actually thought you were making some sense when you
               | pointed out the flaw in my argument in your first comment
               | but now I think you just want to troll.
               | 
               | I'm just pointing out that you didn't act like someone
               | who wanted to discuss the bitcoin energy problem, and so
               | people aren't likely to do so with you.
               | 
               | The fact that you changed your position isn't enough for
               | you to win back any trust on this, especially since you
               | haven't offered anything to the discussion except that.
               | 
               | My suggestion is that if you really want to discuss the
               | energy problem, you try again later somewhere else, but
               | this time:
               | 
               | 1. start out by saying that, rather than the opposite.
               | 
               | 2. Keep the focus on the energy problem with Bitcoin,
               | rather than _how to generate more energy_.
               | 
               | That will help you to avoid being accused of
               | whataboutism.
               | 
               | 3. Avoid accusing people of trolling or 'causing
               | polarization'.
        
               | anthropodie wrote:
               | Got it. Thanks.
        
         | raziel2701 wrote:
         | What problem did bitcoin solve?
        
           | aeternum wrote:
           | It allows one to store a relatively liquid form of wealth
           | using only one's mind
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | Which is not at all what the vast majority of Bitcoin users
             | are using Bitcoin for.
        
               | aeternum wrote:
               | Lots of people use the internet to watch cat videos, does
               | that diminish its utility?
        
           | anthropodie wrote:
           | Did you read the article?
        
             | raziel2701 wrote:
             | Bitcoin solved the double-spending problem. A problem long
             | ago solved by centralized banking at significantly lower
             | energy costs.
             | 
             | You speak of continuing to allow wasteful energy
             | expenditures in analogy to going to the moon and building
             | the LHC, but if we already know how to solve double-
             | spending problem at lower energy costs, why should we allow
             | bitcoin?
             | 
             | So I ask in good faith, what problem did bitcoin solve that
             | nothing else has?
        
               | georgesC wrote:
               | Bitcoin solved the double spending problem _in a
               | decentralized system_. This has numerous consequences,
               | among them the possibility of creating a currency that
               | doesn 't rely on a centralized authority, trust
               | minimization, immutability, etc. To me this has the
               | potential to automate many jobs.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Not relying on a centralized authority, trust
               | minimalization, and immutability are all _bad things_ for
               | a monetary system. The ability to dispute and undo
               | transactions and track fraud is a crucial feature of
               | banking systems that blockchain eliminates by design.
               | 
               | Blockchain will not automate any jobs because it is
               | technologically no different from a database. The fact
               | that transactions are recorded digitally is not a new
               | invention, banks have been doing that since the 60s.
        
               | georgesC wrote:
               | A blockchain is a database. But a regular database
               | doesn't really minimize trust, that's the point of public
               | blockchains.
               | 
               | The need of not relying on a centralized entity or third
               | parties in the digital space does exist.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Minimizing trust is not a good thing. I don't understand
               | where this obsession with it comes from.
               | 
               | EVERY transaction requires trust. I sell you a pair of
               | shoes, you pay in bitcoin, oops! the box is actually full
               | of cat poop, too bad, sucks to be you, you can't get your
               | bitcoin back, _shouldn 't have trusted me_.
               | 
               | Trust in the transaction system is not a dangerous
               | component of commerce. Sure, you can trust Paypal to do
               | the transaction for you (and also get benefits like
               | chargebacks, disputes, and ID verification in return, not
               | to mention the sub-second transaction speed), and what
               | happens if they betray that trust? Well that's what
               | governments are for, the two-ton hammer of the law will
               | make sure you get your money back.
               | 
               | Not to mention, blockchain is the _least_ trustworthy
               | transaction system of the modern age. Over a billion
               | dollars in crypto has been stolen out of people 's
               | accounts via exchange hacks and smart contract exploits
               | in the last ten years. This has never happened to any US
               | bank since the introduction of FDIC in 1933.
        
               | georgesC wrote:
               | Trust minimization doesn't equal no trust. Also the trust
               | that a currency works as intended and that a transaction
               | goes through isn't the same kind of trust than trusting a
               | vendor, which is why there will probably always be other
               | systems in place for that particular issue. Some people
               | are interested in that because their trust has been
               | abused by a centralized authority. And we're not only
               | talking about the transaction systems, but also about
               | currency.
               | 
               | All in all it's all about the choice and preferences of
               | individuals.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | When has the centralized authority, the banking system,
               | ACH, Visa, Paypal, etc. _ever_ "abused trust" by failing
               | to record a transaction?
               | 
               | And why is that very minimal trust in the ability of your
               | money to get from one account to another worth risking
               | all your money by putting it in an account with a single
               | point of failure with no recourse in the event of a
               | breach?
               | 
               | In 88 years, no bank in the Untied States has ever lost a
               | customer's money. To date, there are more bitcoin
               | exchanges that have lost their users' money than there
               | are that haven't.
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Choke_Point was a
               | thing, trying to get banks to not "record transactions"
               | in your words.
        
               | hannasanarion wrote:
               | Did you actually read any of that article?
               | 
               | The allegations in Choke Point were that banks were
               | _approving_ transactions they shouldn 't have, without
               | doing enough investigation to check for fraud, not that
               | they were failing to move money from one account to
               | another, the "problem" that blockchain is supposed to
               | "solve".
               | 
               | In what way is blockchain supposed to prevent fraudulent
               | transactions? It is impossible in blockchain to even
               | check for fraud, because every transaction is
               | automatically irrevocably approved by-design, no matter
               | how fraudulent.
        
               | georgesC wrote:
               | Those entities can abuse your trust if they decide to
               | censor or cancel the transaction for some arbitrary
               | reasons. Same can apply in the context of money, rules of
               | said money can change, a person won't be necessarily
               | always ok with that (we're talking about your own
               | currency/savings), you don't have much control and much
               | choice.
               | 
               | As a developer I appreciate the ability to skip the use
               | of a third party, I just wish there were more users in
               | this network, but the network grows.
               | 
               | And this is not about the united states in particular.
               | I'm not from the US, I'm glad if you didn't had any
               | problems with your monetary system and banks, and I hope
               | it continues for the good of everyone.
        
               | boc wrote:
               | Bitcoin was a brilliant technical solution to a problem
               | that was already solved centuries ago by legal
               | institutions and contracts. The introduction of bitcoin
               | has had basically zero real economic impact on the macro
               | economy, which to me is the surest indicator that it's a
               | dead end. When the internet and PCs became mainstream,
               | the economy exploded over the next decade. When crypto
               | was invented, the only wealth being created so far has
               | been from people trading it back and forth with fiat,
               | funding companies that turn that funding into crypto,
               | etc. I'm happy to be proven wrong if someone has
               | compelling evidence, but it's been years and I haven't
               | been convinced.
        
           | openfuture wrote:
           | The Byzantine generals problem.
        
         | seph-reed wrote:
         | IMO, the energy requirement aspect is tragic because it scales.
         | Even as we unlock greater and greater sources of power, Bitcoin
         | will scale to take more and more energy. It's almost like a
         | parasite for electricity.
         | 
         | Right now it's not so bad, but the trajectory is a real
         | problem.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | delaaxe wrote:
       | I'd really like to read a similar write-up about proof of stake
        
       | tromp wrote:
       | With an emission of 1 per second forever, Grin is more like time
       | (I make the case for uncapped supply in [1]).
       | 
       | [1] https://john-tromp.medium.com/a-case-for-using-soft-total-
       | su...
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | bswen wrote:
       | Have fun staying poor haters
        
       | option_greek wrote:
       | HN comments on articles like this remind me of a fun t-shirt
       | quote:
       | 
       | There are 10 kinds of people in the world. The ones who
       | understand binary and the ones that do not.
       | 
       | You can obviously replace binary with bitcoin :). The ones who do
       | not get bitcoin, will continue to not get bitcoin.
        
         | mdoms wrote:
         | Yes you can replace "binary" with "bitcoin", if you absolutely
         | don't understand the joke, at all.
        
           | greggturkington wrote:
           | And hopefully we can keep the discussion a bit more
           | insightful than "a fun t-shirt quote" prior to Eternal
           | September
        
       | kozak wrote:
       | If you liked this article, you will probably also enjoy
       | "Mysteries of Modern Physics: Time" by Sean Carroll (I listened
       | to it as an audiobook, I don't know what other formats it is
       | available in).
        
       | o_p wrote:
       | So the propaganda machine is now trying to smear Bitcoin because
       | of energy, ridiculous! I guess that the smearing it by
       | associating it with criminlals didnt worked well enough.
       | 
       | T
        
       | geraldbauer wrote:
       | Reminder: Bitcon is a ponzi. Learn how the investment fraud
       | works. [1]
       | 
       | [1]: https://github.com/openblockchains/bitcoin-ponzi
        
         | arbawk wrote:
         | The very first line is flawed as mining companies are
         | increasingly not selling their mined bitcoin. Why would they?
         | They are obviously mining because they are bullish.
         | 
         | In fact, who is selling bitcoin? Only those that don't believe
         | it won't be an upgrade to base-layer money. Those that would
         | call themselves bitcoiners don't want to sell it. I've never
         | heard of a Ponzi where some people just won't sell!
         | 
         | This page is an embarrassing collection of misinformation.
        
       | drazulay wrote:
       | Did you mean: bitcoin is _timestamped_? ;)
       | 
       | If I might chip in with my freshly minted 1 karma account..
       | Bitcoin/"Satoshi" was an incubator of sorts. It brought the
       | brightest minds together to build a new internet that is
       | resistant to tampering by your neighbour or the government. It
       | will in due time make way for the rising stars in that sector
       | (IOHK I'm looking at you!) that will incrementally work toward
       | perfect balance, until it itself is superseded some day.
        
       | smt88 wrote:
       | Isn't Bitcoin a combination of processing hardware and
       | electricity?
       | 
       | Time, in the human sense, seems somewhat irrelevant because
       | humans can't/don't hash manually.
       | 
       | Disclaimer: This site doesn't work in Firefox on Android for some
       | reason, so I'm asking in total ignorance of the article's
       | content.
        
       | u678u wrote:
       | One thing that always bothers me about BTC is that the whole
       | blockchain is kept, its like half a terabyte by now. Will they
       | ever agree to just trim off everything older than XXX days or
       | similar? It seems hugely inefficient.
        
         | unnouinceput wrote:
         | If its trimmed and only last xxx blocks are kept (there are no
         | days in bitcoin as the article nicely puts it) then the people
         | who have bitcoins and just hold it before the trimming happened
         | will lose bitcoins or won't be able to spend them.
         | 
         | Every time somebody does a transaction involving bitcoins mined
         | from a long time ago the entire ledger is need it to see the
         | origins of those bitcoins.
        
           | u678u wrote:
           | OK I see, thanks for the reply. Seems like it'll remain huge
           | for a long time yet.
        
       | imwillofficial wrote:
       | Bitcoin is time, bitcoin is love, bitcoin is life.
        
         | moralsupply wrote:
         | Underrated comment
        
       | xtracto wrote:
       | I'm ready to be downvoted but... nah just following the stupid
       | memes.
       | 
       | The article made thing an interesting point regarding how
       | information cannot be "moved" itself but only copied and then the
       | previous copy destroyed.
       | 
       | I think RIAA, MPAA and other virtual goods creators could benefit
       | from the non-fungible tokens things that are just raising as a
       | use of the blockchain.
        
       | sova wrote:
       | >Time is the only thing we will never be able to make more of. It
       | is The Ultimate Resource, as Julian Simon points out. This makes
       | Bitcoin the ultimate form of money because its issuance is
       | directly linked to the ultimate resource of our universe: time.
       | 
       | All things equal, BTC has a limited supply, making it unusable as
       | a currency (but great as a deflationary store of value). I
       | suppose the definition of "money" is less specific than
       | "currency," but this notion of "money" goes contrary to the
       | nomenclature of the human realm. Yes, technically anything that
       | is tradable is "money," but then the term becomes rather
       | meaningless.
       | 
       | Money must be backed by a creative asset, such as an orchard or
       | labor or technology. Time alone a currency does not make.
        
       | A12-B wrote:
       | The article implies bitcoin could be something other than money,
       | in that it is just a really useful ledger.
        
       | teatree wrote:
       | A few questions I need help with -
       | 
       | If bitcoin becomes a store of value / digital gold and people
       | increasingly hold their wealth in Bitcoin countries will lose the
       | ability control and regulate their own economy.
       | 
       | 1) Why would any country hand over the reins of its economy to
       | others ? India is already thinking of banning cryptocurrencies,
       | China has similar thoughts too, if many large countries ban it
       | how would Bitcoin sustain ?
       | 
       | 2) US has fought wars to retain dollar as the global reserve
       | currency. Why would the US give up this advantage ?
       | 
       | 3) Presently, economic sanctions are used to push interests and
       | disincentivize bad behavior. How would this play out in a world
       | of Bitcoin ?
       | 
       | 4) If bitcoin exists with fiat and exchange points can be
       | controlled and blocked by governments, what's the point of
       | Bitcoin ?
        
         | arbawk wrote:
         | 1) Countries economies consist of the individuals within them.
         | In India, where Bitcoin is banned, its exchange rate has since
         | increased. Same in Pakistan. Hyperinflation occurs frequently
         | despite a governments' best efforts. The market is the master
         | and the government is only an actor.
         | 
         | 2) This is probably the best piece on that point:
         | https://quillette.com/2021/02/21/can-governments-stop-
         | bitcoi.... The summary is that unlike another country's
         | currency, Bitcoin is significantly harder to attack.
         | 
         | 3) Economic sanctions can still exist. You still have to pay
         | your taxes even though many avoid them. What sanctions are you
         | referring to specifically?
         | 
         | 4) Look into the Lightning Network to see one among various
         | ways Bitcoin is scaling outside of exchanges. It will continue
         | to develop in interesting ways. In the meantime, governments
         | that enable what a growing number of people want will be
         | rewarded while those that attempt to ban it will suffer. The
         | incentives to do so are not in their favor (also argued in the
         | article above).
        
         | krupan wrote:
         | 1. They won't hand it over. Bitcoin and it's participants are
         | taking it.
         | 
         | 2. This is the same question as 1, isn't it? Again, Bitcoin is
         | people voting with their feet (so to speak) to take power away
         | from governments.
         | 
         | 3. Economic sanctions punish the common folk more than the evil
         | governments. Bitcoin simultaneously takes power away from evil
         | governments (see 1 and 2) and gives power to common folk.
         | 
         | 4. I think you are alluding to one way governments can try to
         | fight what is happening in 1, 2, and 3. If governments really
         | try and crack down on exchanges, people will simply transact
         | directly in Bitcoin. Those who have accumulated it pre-
         | crackdown will purchase goods and services using Bitcoin,
         | people who did not obtain any pre-crackdown and want it will
         | offer goods and services to those who are offering Bitcoin.
         | 
         | In all honesty, these extreme scenarios are far fetched.
         | Governments all ultimately get their authority from the people.
         | If the people are choosing Bitcoin, the governments won't fight
         | it for long.
        
       | joshsyn wrote:
       | Buying bitcoin early would have put me 10 years ahead. Missed,
       | maybe bitcoin cash isn't bad as everyone taints it to be.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | hodder wrote:
       | This is the most nonsense article Ive read in a long time. The
       | leap after leap of bias is amazing.
        
         | afc wrote:
         | I agree. I believe strongly in Bitcoin, but I think this
         | article was just a bunch of pompous poetry without any
         | substance. "The difficulty adjustment makes sure that the ticks
         | of Bitcoin's internal metronome are somewhat constant. It is
         | the conductor of the Bitcoin orchestra. It is what keeps the
         | music alive." Blah blah blah blah! So much fluff to say so
         | little...
        
           | capableweb wrote:
           | I feel like your expectations are a bit off. What did you
           | expect from a blogpost titled "Bitcoin Is Time"? A serious
           | whitepaper on how Bitcoin actually is what we consider time?
           | Of course it's gonna be fluffy poetry, it's right there in
           | the title!
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | I'm not saying you're wrong, but if you're here to discuss, you
         | might as well do it properly. I'd love to hear what exactly is
         | nonsense (or if it's easier for you, what's not nonsense). Also
         | pointing out the exact flaws regarding "leap of bias" would be
         | helpful.
        
         | iamcurious wrote:
         | He presents bitcoin as a way of knowing if some event happened
         | after some other event, that is a clock, where are all the bias
         | leaps?
        
       | jeofken wrote:
       | Are there any users of Offset [0] here on HN?
       | 
       | [0] https://www.freedomlayer.org/offset/
        
       | joosters wrote:
       | Time is money. Bitcoin is wasted time. And wasted money. And
       | wasted energy.
        
         | BTCOG wrote:
         | Absolute lies. @ Jooster's parent comment.
         | 
         | Furthermore, there are not "blockchains," there is one
         | blockchain, and then there are a thousand or more scams trying
         | ride Bitcoin's shoulders. They are entirely pointless systems
         | that are not made to solve anything, they don't solve anything,
         | and they were not made by mathematicians or cryptographers.
        
         | joosters wrote:
         | To be less glib, I think the article makes it clear just how
         | inordinately difficult blockchains make their lives when they
         | have to build, from scratch, a reliable definition of time.
         | 
         | If you could have a trusted time source, you could at a stroke
         | get rid of one of the most egregious flaws in bitcoin, its vast
         | wastage of energy, because of its 'proof of work' mining.
         | Bitcoin miners are running at full pelt 24/7, picking random
         | numbers and doing math on them in the hope of striking lucky
         | and discovering the next block. The mining difficult is
         | artificially picked so that blocks are discovered about every
         | ten minutes.
         | 
         | However, imagine if bitcoin miners could all declare a cease-
         | fire, for 9m59s of those ten minutes, i.e. they just do nothing
         | for that long, consuming virtually no energy, and then they all
         | furiously mine at full speed for the last second (with the
         | difficulty adjusted so the global mining should take a second).
         | This process would be just as fair as the current one; if you
         | have more/faster hardware, you will still mine more, in the
         | same proportion as before. The total energy usage would be
         | reduced 600-fold!
         | 
         | But - the reason you can't do this is that there's no way of
         | stopping cheating. Who can tell if the other miners are really
         | idling for those 9:59? This is where the time source comes in.
         | Imagine you have a trusted time source: it could, every ten
         | minutes, broadcast a random number. Miners would have to listen
         | for this number, then mine a block containing it, to prove that
         | they didn't start work early. Problem solved!
         | 
         | Back to the real world: just about everyone can agree on time;
         | we have NTP and can even use certificates to authenticate clock
         | sources, we can even use multiple sources to make it harder for
         | time to be faked. So why can't blockchains do the same thing?
         | Why don't they use multiple time oracles to stop the colossal
         | energy wastage?
         | 
         | And, when bitcoiners tell you that relying on a centralised
         | source, or even a quorum of sources, is completely
         | unacceptable, why then are the same people happy to use smart
         | contracts where the use of centralised oracles is apparently
         | both acceptable and commonplace?
        
           | wanderingstan wrote:
           | This is the problem claimed to be solved by Solana
           | blockchain; proof of ordering, proof of time:
           | 
           | https://solana.com/solana-whitepaper.pdf
           | 
           | The core insight, I think, is this:
           | 
           | > Proof of History is a sequence of computation that can
           | provide a way to cryptographically verify passage of time
           | between two events. It uses a cryp- tographically secure
           | function written so that output cannot be predicted from the
           | input, and must be completely executed to generate the
           | output. The function is run in a sequence on a single core,
           | its previous output as the current input, periodically
           | recording the current output, and how many times its been
           | called. The output can then be re-computed and verified by
           | external computers in parallel by checking each sequence
           | segment on a separate core. Data can be timestamped into this
           | sequence by appending the data (or a hash of some data) into
           | the state of the function. The recording of the state, index
           | and data as it was appended into the sequences provides a
           | timestamp that can guarantee that the data was created
           | sometime before the next hash was generated in the sequence.
           | This design also supports horizontal scaling as multiple
           | generators can synchronize amongst each other by mixing their
           | state into each others sequences. Horizontal scaling is
           | discussed in depth in Section 4.4
        
           | cwkoss wrote:
           | > And, when bitcoiners tell you that relying on a centralised
           | source, or even a quorum of sources, is completely
           | unacceptable, why then are the same people happy to use smart
           | contracts where the use of centralised oracles is apparently
           | both acceptable and commonplace?
           | 
           | I think you're largely describing two separate camps within
           | bitcoin hodlers. Some are 'gold-bug' types that value
           | security and individual liberty above all else, and so are
           | very conservative in their attitude towards Bitcoin
           | development. Others are 'cyberpunk' types that value
           | technological capability and functionality, and are much more
           | liberal and exploratory in what they'd like to see Bitcoin
           | become.
           | 
           | When you say "same people", I think they are rare, and this
           | statement makes a bit of a false lack-of-dichotomy.
        
           | tromp wrote:
           | > The total energy usage would be reduced 600-fold!
           | 
           | It wouldn't. If X$ worth of bitcoin is handed out every
           | block, then miners competing for that prize are willing to
           | collectively spend up to X$ per block on average.
           | 
           | If they could only mine for part of the time, then they'd
           | simply acquire more hardware and mine at a higher hashrate
           | during the shorter time.
        
             | joosters wrote:
             | Good point! We'd be living in a world where the lights
             | flicker every ten minutes as gigawatts of power are
             | momentarily switched on and off :) Or miners would have to
             | install gigantic capacitors to fill with charge, just to
             | power their machines for the brief instant of usage!
             | 
             | My example is also missing the obvious next step though -
             | once you are using a trusted source of data (or even a wide
             | selection of trusted sources), the whole blockchain idea
             | becomes pointless, you don't need to do any mining at all,
             | you can let the trusted sources run a distributed
             | database...
        
             | doomroot wrote:
             | This is correct.
        
           | reilly3000 wrote:
           | I think you're right on, but good luck with provable
           | timestamps. You're trying to coordinate and validate a
           | measurement which in itself denies the reality of space time
           | physics at least subtly. Time precision across space is hard
           | enough, but adding bad actors and gravitational time dilation
           | into the equation means... well I wouldn't want that to keep
           | track of my assets.
        
             | chriswarbo wrote:
             | The nice thing about relativity (special and general) is
             | that all of the weird seeming-paradoxes 'sort themselves
             | out' eventually. In particular, whilst we lose a total
             | ordering for events, we never lose _causality_ ; i.e. two
             | events can only appear in a different order to different
             | observers if those two events are _independent_ (no
             | information has travelled between them, and hence neither
             | one can influence the other).
             | 
             | It's _reasonably_ straightforward to build systems under
             | such constraints; e.g. see
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_programming
        
             | beaconstudios wrote:
             | On the bright side, if approaching the speed of light would
             | give you a viable attack on the bitcoin blockchain I'm sure
             | our space propulsion technology would transform overnight!
        
           | ryanlol wrote:
           | > why then are the same people happy to use smart contracts
           | where the use of centralised oracles is apparently both
           | acceptable and commonplace?
           | 
           | This just isn't true. Only a vanishingly small fraction of
           | these people has ever touched smart contracts.
        
         | kneel wrote:
         | Negative yielding debt is literally a waste of time. Money is
         | worth less as you move into the future. Fiat is literally a
         | black hole.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | What percentage of assets are negative yielding?
           | 
           | They can't all be negative in real terms.
        
             | kolinko wrote:
             | All cash is, also any investment below inflation - so most
             | bonds.
        
               | diab0lic wrote:
               | This motivates productive use of that capital.
               | Deflationary currencies just guarantee the rich get
               | richer as an axiom.
        
               | vntok wrote:
               | > This motivates productive use of that capital.
               | 
               | Nah. It motivates rational beings to spend that capital
               | on anything at all, as fast as possible, because the
               | alternative is a net loss of purchasing power.
               | 
               | Deflationary currencies on the contrary motivate actors
               | to think before spending, because any spending has to be
               | balanced with the future gains that won't come from
               | holding it and seing it accumulate value over time.
        
               | kneel wrote:
               | The real solution exists somewhere in between an
               | inflationary and deflationary currency. This is a
               | balancing act.
        
           | whatever1 wrote:
           | Which is by design, to encourage investments elsewhere. The
           | rise of Bitcoin and the stock market are probably an
           | indication that the policy worked. People indeed are willing
           | to burn their money in crypto rather than keeping them in
           | savings/bonds
        
             | seibelj wrote:
             | I keep reading about how we need to discourage consumerism,
             | wastefulness, mindless consumption. Recycle and reuse.
             | 
             | Yet fiat enthusiasts keep parroting that the linear and
             | intentional destruction of value through inflation, in
             | order to encourage further mindless consumption, is a good
             | thing? What is so bad about a currency that maintains its
             | value throughout time? This would allow someone to actually
             | save, rather than be forced to buy some stupid widget they
             | don't need, or become a part-time fund manager trying to
             | decide between a series of risky assets. As it stands,
             | simple savings accounts pay zero and lose money to
             | inflation, so if you _don 't_ become a one-man hedge fund
             | or pay someone else to become one for you, you just lose
             | your money.
        
               | whatever1 wrote:
               | Every currency's goal is to be stable in terms of value.
               | The mechanics of achieving so are complicated though
               | since you will need to exactly calibrate the supply of
               | new money to match your economic activity. We are at the
               | point where we don't even agree what economic activity is
               | lol.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | Incorrect - central banks target inflation, such as 2%.
               | The official goal is to lose 2% of value every year.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | There's an alternate timeline without ZIRP and Bitcoin is
             | nothing more than a curiosity there.
        
         | howmayiannoyyou wrote:
         | It takes 1/10th the time to initiate a funds transfer via
         | crypto (eg. Bitcoin) as it does to effect the same wire
         | transfer or ACH using most banks's treasury management systems.
         | This, and the fees can be less depending on the token used; but
         | are considerably less if the transfer is cross-currency. The
         | transit time is about the same if BTC is used, less if one were
         | to use XLM (Stellar) for example.
        
           | fanf2 wrote:
           | Where I am from, money transfers are free and instant
        
         | dmak wrote:
         | Why are you so salty? Care to elaborate?
        
           | zapdrive wrote:
           | He followed the collecting hacker News opinion at the time,
           | which was highly negative. And beats himself everyday for not
           | investing early on.
        
             | randomsearch wrote:
             | Is there a name for the situation where you assume X of
             | someone else because that's how you feel? Is that
             | projection?
             | 
             | I discussed gambling on Bitcoin, considered it carefully,
             | right near the beginning. Didn't bother. Don't regret it. I
             | mean, why should I be enriched by Bitcoin? It's not clear
             | that Bitcoin is a good thing. I could have invested in
             | cigarettes or oil companies but I wouldn't do those things.
             | I have no regrets about not buying Bitcoin, just as I have
             | no regrets that I haven't gone to work for Facebook and
             | accumulated lots of cash.
             | 
             | I find it so odd that people would assume I'd regret it.
             | Life isn't about finding easy ways to collect money, why
             | would you think it is?
        
           | Dzugaru wrote:
           | It's just natural, that people are salty about proof-of-work
           | that leads to computation devices scarcity. No one asked for
           | this and it's really scary - society can economically decide,
           | that distributed ledger protection is more important, than
           | gaming and science. Just like we economically can decide that
           | global warming is not important.
        
             | doomroot wrote:
             | I think it naive to assume we can aggregate the desires of
             | all people. Oh wait we can.
        
         | zapdrive wrote:
         | I'm sorry you didn't buy when it was cheaper.
        
           | Nursie wrote:
           | That's right, all criticism of bitcoin or cryptocurrencies is
           | necessarily down to jealousy, and therefore can be safely
           | dismissed.
        
             | vntok wrote:
             | > That's right, all criticism of bitcoin or
             | cryptocurrencies is necessarily down to jealousy, and
             | therefore can be safely dismissed.
             | 
             | It all depends on the audience, but on HN in particular you
             | are right. The site is rife with people who could not
             | fathom the value at launch and who've been in denial since
             | without ever putting the work to learn about the ecosystem.
             | 
             | Notice how "debates" around cryptocurrency on HN never
             | delve into technical arguments, and compare that
             | peculiarity with discussions on Reddit for example.
        
             | ksm1717 wrote:
             | Some kind of projection, shows that making others jealous
             | or at least trying to avoid being jealous is what drives
             | some to invest
        
         | mediaman wrote:
         | Bitcoin has a strong base of advocacy not based on any logic or
         | utility but solely sprung from the mule stubbornness of those
         | who profited from their speculation.
         | 
         | 1. Bitcoin is environmentally damaging. It produces 37 megatons
         | of CO2 per year and consumes 78 terawatt-hours of electricity
         | annually. Much of that electric consumption is powered by coal.
         | Not all energy consumption or CO2 output is bad, but value
         | should be provided commensurately to society for the damage
         | incurred. And yet:
         | 
         | 2. It is a terrible currency. Promoters claimed we could pay
         | for things with Bitcoin, that it'd replace fiat currency. But
         | the design of Bitcoin in particular makes it an awful currency.
         | To prevent deflation, a currency should be able to increase its
         | supply to maintain reasonably constant velocity as demand
         | increases for it as a medium of exchange. With its limited
         | number of coins, Bitcoin cannot increase supply to maintain
         | velocity: its only solution is to fractionalize, a form of
         | deflation. And deflation is what we get. Massively: everything
         | you own, and all your income, constantly becomes worth less
         | expressed in Bitcoin, day after day.
         | 
         | 3. It's a terrible currency, part two: currencies should have
         | very low transaction costs. Bitcoin transaction costs exceed
         | $20. The response to this is to _recentralize_ it in the form
         | of services that cheaply transact Bitcoin rights management
         | through traditional databases. Eliminating the very value
         | proposition of Bitcoin.
         | 
         | 4. After having given up on defending it as a currency, the
         | next claim is that it's a "store of value." But stores of value
         | should have some degree of consistency of value: volatility is
         | not a virtue. Bitcoin supporters are right that fiat currency,
         | to the degree it is exposed to inflation, is at risk of not
         | being the best store of value, which is why we don't normally
         | keep huge amounts of resources piled up as cash. But Bitcoin is
         | an awful store of value because it has no fundamental utility
         | that moderates its price swings. Normal assets - real estate,
         | bonds, gold - have some sort of fundamental utility or cash
         | flow that helps to moderate price action over time. The asset
         | must have some sort of use first, then it can become a good
         | store of value. Because of the above flaws, Bitcoin has no good
         | use, which thusly makes it a poor store of value.
         | 
         | None of this is a fundamental problem of crypto, just Bitcoin.
         | Crypto could be very useful! But with many millionaires minted
         | from a lucky speculation and their entire ego reliant on
         | deceiving themselves that their speculation was clairvoyance,
         | critiques of Bitcoin are invariably met with a flea market of
         | intellectually mangy defenses that ultimately boil down to
         | saying "well, look at its price!"
        
           | BTCOG wrote:
           | You have many severely fundamentally misunderstood ideas
           | about Bitcoin.
           | 
           | Bitcoin is "money" and not a "currency." Bitcoin works very
           | wonderfully as money.
           | 
           | Bitcoin is not very wasteful in energy, contrary to the
           | pushed narrative by those that want everyone to believe this
           | is truth. Bitcoin uses a tiny fraction, currently around 7-9%
           | of the electricity that the global banking system currently
           | uses. Bitcoin uses a very large portion of renewable energy
           | sources, and will continue to balance it's energy use towards
           | efficiency and optimizations.
           | 
           | Your part 2/3 etc, it's not a currency. Bitcoin is pure
           | money. We also do not really ever use gold for currency. It
           | is money. Bitcoin is a better money than gold. Once you stop
           | drumming on the wrong path, you'll more easily understand the
           | differences and stop banging your head about how it's a bad
           | currency. It's not a great currency, while it is the very
           | best form of money.
           | 
           | Your whole bit about meandering into defending it's value as
           | currency or store of value, is just highlighting your total
           | misunderstanding of the value of gold, or the new digital
           | version of gold as money. Money IS a store of value.
           | 
           | Lastly, Bitcoin really has no fundamental problems. Nobody
           | that knows about bitcoin gives a flying fuck about the price.
        
             | Tenal wrote:
             | It's sad reading comments like this from bandwagoners who
             | haven't read a single academic or technical whitepaper on
             | the technology, let alone the hundreds of them that have
             | emerged which prove / annotate / express / clarify, in
             | exhausting detail, all of the "fundamental problems" that
             | Bitcoin's PoW protocol have, as well as far superior
             | approaches that are in the process of being implemented.
             | 
             | But it's cute. You like Bitcoin. You're a good cheerleader.
        
         | JxLS-cpgbe0 wrote:
         | Lots of small though-terminating cliches there. Any comments
         | about _this_ article?
        
         | Dirlewanger wrote:
         | Everything on the planet uses energy. Why are people so
         | obsessed with Bitcoin's energy usage in particular?
        
           | ttul wrote:
           | Because it's enormous? A colleague just finished putting
           | together a 125MW BTC mining operation. That's sheer insanity.
           | Nobody has ever been able to explain how Bitcoin saves the
           | world from climate catastrophe by using 0.3% of all
           | electricity.
        
             | vntok wrote:
             | > Nobody has ever been able to explain how Bitcoin saves
             | the world from climate catastrophe by using 0.3% of all
             | electricity.
             | 
             | Why would you think that Bitcoin needs to accomplish that
             | particular task? As far as I know ending climate change has
             | never been mentioned as a goal or desirable outcome of the
             | project.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ttul wrote:
               | The maintainers of Bitcoin could make changes to the
               | mining protocol that reduce its reliance on energy. By
               | choosing to not do so, they are directly contributing -
               | in a substantial way - to civilization-ending climate
               | catastrophe. I do think that Bitcoin's maintainers have
               | an obligation to do their part, considering that they are
               | very materially a part of the problem.
               | 
               | Ethereum is at least working hard on other algorithms
               | that are energy efficient. But in the Bitcoin space, the
               | tremendous investment in energy-intensive mining
               | equipment means that the entrenched players have an
               | interest in persisting the way that things currently
               | work, rather than seeking an energy conserving
               | replacement.
        
           | mopsi wrote:
           | Concern trolling. A lot of jealousy hides behind
           | environmental concerns these days. You went on a trip or
           | bought a supercar? But MPG yada-yada-yada...
        
             | Nursie wrote:
             | That's not even what concern trolling is
        
           | jsheard wrote:
           | It uses orders of magnitude more energy than the "legacy"
           | financial institutions it competes with, to process a
           | fraction of the transactions, and has tenuous practical
           | benefits unless you're a ransomware gang or an early mover
           | getting rich from the hype.
        
             | shawnz wrote:
             | In an absolute sense it uses much less energy. If you
             | divide that by the current rate limit of transactions, it
             | looks bad comparatively in that sense, on a per-transaction
             | basis. But the energy usage of Bitcoin isn't related to the
             | transaction rate, and the rate could be increased without
             | affecting the energy consumption at all. There just hasn't
             | been enough demand for that increase.
        
           | bitcharmer wrote:
           | Because Bitcoin requires insane amounts of energy compared to
           | alternatives.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | A lot of resources on our planet are wasted every day, but
           | only very little of that waste is intentional (as opposed to
           | negligent).
        
           | chriswarbo wrote:
           | The core operating principle of Bitcoin is to waste energy.
           | That's what "mining" is: wasting electricity to find useless
           | numbers, such that the hash of each block starts with a
           | certain number of zeros (a useless task).
           | 
           | This silly task (called HashCash
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashcash ) was chosen _not_
           | because those numbers are somehow important to the algorithm
           | or network, but rather as a way to _slow down_ the rate of
           | block creation: forcing people to waste energy on finding
           | these numbers, in order to have their blocks accepted by the
           | network.
           | 
           | It is important for bitcoin's security that the block chain
           | can only grow slowly, since conflicts (like double-spending)
           | are resolved by choosing the longest chain; if someone makes
           | their own block chain that's longer than the main bitcoin
           | chain, the network will switch to that and any payments on
           | the previous chain will be forgotten. Using HashCash to slow
           | down block creation makes this harder to pull off.
           | 
           | The difficulty of the HashCash task (the required number of
           | zeros for the next block's hash) changes depending on how
           | long it took to find the last block, such that it always
           | takes about 10 minutes to find a block, _regardless_ of how
           | much energy is spent on this task, or any technology
           | improvements (e.g. CPU vs GPU vs ASIC). In other words,
           | wasting more energy on mining bitcoin, or making more
           | efficient bitcoin mining hardware, will _not_ find blocks any
           | faster; the mining task will become harder to compensate, so
           | it still takes about 10 minutes per block.
           | 
           | Bitcoin allows transactions to contain a 'fee' with a blank
           | recipient, and each block can also contain a small payment
           | 'from nowhere' as a reward/incentive. Miners create blocks
           | which send these fees and rewards to themselves, then try to
           | solve the HashCash task to make the block valid. Whoever
           | solves it first sends their block to the network, it gets
           | accepted as the longest chain, and hence that miner has
           | received the fees and reward.
           | 
           | Miners can't make more money by solving HashCash _faster_ ,
           | since it always takes about 10 minutes for a block's HashCash
           | to be solved, at which point everyone starts looking for a
           | _following_ block (since that will form the longest chain),
           | which may be _even harder_ to find. Instead, wasting more
           | energy on mining makes it _more likely_ that a miner will be
           | the one who finds the next block; since, on average, someone
           | performing X% of all mining will find X% of all new blocks
           | (and hence receive X% of the fees and rewards).
           | 
           | This creates a competition between miners, to try and waste
           | more energy on HashCash than each other. This race-to-the-
           | bottom breaks even when the energy wasted finding a block
           | costs the same as all of the fees and rewards in that block;
           | i.e. when all of those wasted megawatts are being spent for
           | _literally nothing_ (net).
           | 
           | There are _other_ ways to slow down the creation of blocks,
           | or to resolve conflicts which don 't incentivise long chains;
           | other cryptocurrencies are experimenting with such things.
        
         | dmm wrote:
         | In the winter I ride my bike down streets lined with cars
         | idling because their owners don't want to ride in the cold for
         | a few minutes.
         | 
         | In a way I appreciate bitcoin for its absurd and unambiguous
         | wastefulness. It's sort of the perfect expression of
         | consumerism, destroying the precious and irreplaceable earth
         | for something immediately disposed of.
        
           | ketamine__ wrote:
           | I think people generally want to enjoy their lives. I have a
           | friend that keeps his house at 60F in the winter. I think you
           | can argue that I'm not going to die at those temperatures or
           | experience hypothermia. It's quite unpleasant nonetheless.
           | During the summer if it's hot indoors I feel miserable and
           | tired.
           | 
           | A lot of us could live a more simple life (i.e. no cars,
           | fewer children). But humans are attracted to comfort and the
           | ability to pursue their dreams.
        
             | creaturemachine wrote:
             | Easy with the children. Having children is the one
             | immutable thing we as living beings must protect and
             | cherish at all costs.
        
               | ketamine__ wrote:
               | So we can't analyze the thing using the most resources?
        
           | leppr wrote:
           | _> It 's sort of the perfect expression of consumerism_
           | 
           | On the other hand, the finite supply/deflationary aspect of
           | it is also the perfect antithesis of consumerism, in that it
           | favors hoarding (spending less) instead of spending your
           | paycheck as you get it.
        
           | Applejinx wrote:
           | And then when an exploit finally gets worked out, OR the
           | governments being 'replaced' wage war on bitcoin and its ilk
           | sufficient to obliterate its value (largely based on its
           | acceptance in whatever form and the promise that it WILL
           | replace government currency, in time), all the destruction
           | will have been literally for nothing.
           | 
           | It's fiat currency combined with total energy crisis. It only
           | retains value as long as people are willing to tolerate
           | exponential destruction of resources by the already wealthy
           | who can afford to bankroll any possible conversion of energy
           | directly into 'money', no matter what workaround is required.
           | 
           | If it becomes 'the miners run for one second every day' and
           | there is no way to cheat, these are the people who simply
           | take the same amount of energy they were draining before, and
           | come up with a way to store it the whole day... that or the
           | world blacks out every day, because miners.
           | 
           | Bottom line is unless they get everything they want and dream
           | of, including the eradication of government currency, the
           | escalation will inevitably lead to a collapse where all the
           | work becomes meaningless, valueless. All that energy will
           | have been burned for NOTHING.
           | 
           | We just don't know when that will happen. Bitcoin is time,
           | all right: time running out. Don't be caught still holding it
           | when it pops.
        
           | arbawk wrote:
           | Bitcoin is the most durable money we've had, it can never be
           | disposed of. Lost, perhaps.
           | 
           | Energy consumption != energy production. Bitcoin is
           | incentivizing reusable energy and moving energy to cheaper
           | locations, further from cities. I suggest you look into how
           | it's actually quite positive for the Earth.
        
             | leppr wrote:
             | There's nothing about Bitcoin that incentives mining with
             | green energy sources more than dirty one. If coal
             | electricity is cheaper, then bitcoin incentives burning
             | coal. The only somewhat valid rebutals to the energy
             | consumption arguments I know of are:
             | 
             | - a lot of it is spare power that would be wasted otherwise
             | (only partially true).
             | 
             | - it uses less energy overall than governments spend
             | protecting their fiat money's value (not that comparable
             | since fiat can also be used as currency).
             | 
             | - the gold industry uses a lot of energy too (but I doubt
             | Bitcoin will reduce the energy spent on gold, it will
             | probably just add up).
             | 
             |  _EDIT: completed gold mining point following comment_
        
               | Mikester wrote:
               | > _gold mining uses a lot of energy too (but I doubt
               | Bitcoin will reduce the energy spent on gold mining, it
               | will probably just add up_
               | 
               | Why do people keep making the comparison to gold mining?
               | It's inappropriate.
               | 
               | Gold mining is bad for the value of gold, because it
               | increases the amount of gold in the world. Eventually,
               | the gold coffers on Earth will deplete and there will be
               | no more gold mining.
               | 
               | Bitcoin mining is necessary for the value of bitcoin,
               | otherwise there can be no certainty of the blockchain.
               | After most of the bitcoins get minted, the mining will
               | still have to continue out of transaction fees.
               | 
               | The cost of mining bitcoin needs to be compared to the
               | cost of gold storage and handling of gold transactions,
               | not gold mining.
        
               | leppr wrote:
               | You're right, amended my comment. Doesn't change the
               | argument though.
        
               | cousin_it wrote:
               | > _gold mining uses a lot of energy too (but I doubt
               | Bitcoin will reduce the energy spent on gold mining, it
               | will probably just add up)._
               | 
               | I'm not sure it will add up. It seems to me that
               | different stores of value compete directly with each
               | other, because you can store value one way or the other
               | way.
        
             | ARandumGuy wrote:
             | You know we have a limited amount of green energy
             | production right now, right? It's not exactly green if your
             | bitcoin mining is using wind energy, while a bunch of other
             | stuff is stuck with coal.
        
               | jhoechtl wrote:
               | But it will race to cheaper energy which means using sun
               | and wind. And the enormous surplus generated is for the
               | bono of all of those who don't mine.
        
               | chmod600 wrote:
               | The theory is that it provides demand for green energy,
               | which will drive investment, technology, and expertise
               | that can be used everywhere.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | We know that is "the theory"
               | 
               | We also know that this theory is really, really stupid:
               | The kind of self-justifying idiocy that people don't come
               | up with unless they're already deeply committed to a
               | point of view come what may, logic and fact need not
               | apply.
        
               | snicky wrote:
               | So more demand for energy means more green energy? I
               | don't quite get the logic.
        
               | mindcandy wrote:
               | Supply follows demand is basic economics. Buy up green
               | energy and the suppliers will use your money to build
               | more supply in order to expand their operations to fit
               | the larger market.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | It's not actual logic, it's more of a rationalisation of
               | the indefensible.
        
               | user-the-name wrote:
               | Are you really going to claim that there isn't a _demand_
               | for green energy already?
        
               | chmod600 wrote:
               | No, I didn't make any claim really.
               | 
               | I was going to add a disclaimer to my post along the
               | lines of "not saying I believe or disbelieve this
               | theory", but I was tired of adding disclaimers to all my
               | posts.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | Are you not able to take a position on this asinine
               | theory?
        
               | mindcandy wrote:
               | I'll take a position on this:
               | 
               | > Are you really going to claim that there isn't a demand
               | for green energy already?
               | 
               | Is a disingenuous argument. Of course there is already
               | demand for green energy. Meanwhile, Bitcoin _increases_
               | the demand so much that people are apparently outraged by
               | the increase.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | > Of course there is already demand for green energy.
               | Meanwhile, Bitcoin increases the demand so much that
               | people are apparently outraged by the increase
               | 
               | Assuming that you think you're serious: Increasing the
               | demand for energy (and it's not "demand for green energy"
               | it's demand for energy, period) is not, has not been and
               | never will be a green strategy in itself.
               | 
               | This is easy to understand, unless you choose not to.
               | 
               | https://davidgerard.co.uk/blockchain/2020/06/03/guest-
               | post-t...
        
               | mindcandy wrote:
               | My understanding of the situation is:
               | 
               | 1. Wind/solar energy are being trumpeted around the world
               | as the cheapest source of electricity available. 2.
               | Bitcoin miners' profits are directly `sale price of BTC -
               | buy price of electricity`. Other costs are marginal in
               | comparison. 3. BTC mining is a extremely competitive,
               | trivially mobile, trivially liquid, global market. 4.
               | Given 1, 2 & 3 there is a lot of fretting that BTC is
               | creating a coal-powered financial system.
               | 
               | With the recent spike, the currently reasonable cost for
               | a fast, median-sized transaction is $10.46 [1] [2]
               | According to the fretting articles I read, that is enough
               | to power an average home for a 23 days and motivates
               | sending over 300kg (700lb) of C02 into the air [3] That's
               | 35 gallons of gasoline at 20lb CO2/gallon.
               | 
               | :/
               | 
               | For what it's worth, I get the concern. But, I also see
               | equal shares of BTC hate|BTC fanboyism everywhere I go.
               | Latching on to the environmental concerns of BTC is
               | trendy right now. It's hard to argue against without
               | sounding like an asshole and it's not entirely false.
               | But, it's not entirely honest either. Everything I read
               | and calculate shows that BTC makes total sense as a
               | defacto green energy subsidy. But, that does not spark
               | outrage. So, instead there is a lot of fretting about the
               | second rise of a coal-powered economy.
               | 
               | IMHO, the way Ethereum is going is great: Bootstrap with
               | POW then switch to POS after enough investment is built-
               | up that staking actually means something. It's arguable
               | that the best use of BTC at this point is to burn them
               | all to bootstrap more POS tokens. We just need
               | alternatives that inspire enough confidence to motivate
               | people to convert their BTC over.
               | 
               | [1] https://awebanalysis.com/en/convert-satoshi-to-
               | dollar-usd/ [2] https://bitcoinfees.earn.com/ [3]
               | https://digiconomist.net/bitcoin-energy-consumption/
        
               | chmod600 wrote:
               | "You know we have a limited amount of green energy
               | production right now, right?"
               | 
               | It makes no sense to talk about something being limited
               | "right now". Limits are about the future.
               | 
               | Can you please rephrase and clarify?
        
           | cecja wrote:
           | Every fucking time some cunt comes with a dumbass reference
           | and it's just whataboutism.
        
         | naringas wrote:
         | I don't see it as waste, I see it as the cost of decentralized
         | trust (no such thing as free lunch).
         | 
         | The way I see it, it's either "burn" the energy in proof of
         | work (the machines leave behind only heat and bitcoin) or let a
         | closed institution take this energy to provide this trust.
         | 
         | In the end, it's all tradeoffs and incentives decided by
         | politics and made possible by technologies.
        
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